Georgia's agricultural resources : hand book for farmers and others desiring information regarding Georgia agriculture and its allied subjects .

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Georgia's Agricultural Resources

I-1

Hand Book for Farmers and Others Desiring Information Regarding

Georgia Agriculture and Its Allied Subjects.

Issued By The

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EUGENE TALMADGE, Commissioner State Capitol, Atlanta, Ga.

PART I

Contains Summary of Reports of Department of Agriculture and its Affiliated Bureaus and Divisions; information concerning Georgia, Historically and its Agricultural Products and Livestock, as compiled by the State Department of Agriculture.

PART II Is the Farmer's Cyclopedia of useful and varied information often sought, frequently needed and difficult to obtain on the farm and in the farm home.

PART III

Contains an individual sketch of each of the 161 counties of the State, showing 1930 population of county and county seat, taxable values, number of farms, principal crops produced and other outstanding facts.

h,

PART IV

Contains statistical information concerning Georgia, as compiled by the State Department of Agriculture from its own surveys, or from reports of the U. S. Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Agricultural Economics, State College of Agriculture and other authoritative sources.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: Is hereby made to county agents, chambers of commerce, state officials, State College of Agriculture, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Florida State Department of Agriculture and all firms and individuals aiding in the publication of this edition by furnishing information and photographs.

SERIAL NUMBER 117 Quarterly Bulletin of the Georgia Department of Agriculture for First Quarter--January, February and March, 1930.

Entered at Atlanta, Georgia as second-class matter October 7, lft6C6IV6U under Act of June 6, 1900. Accepted for mailing at a special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized

on June 29, 1918.

QCT 22 1979

DOCUMENTS UGA LIBRARIES

MAP OF GEORGIA Showing Location of Counties

By
Coiniiiissioner of Agriculture
EUGENE TALMADGE
One of the duties of the Department of Agriculture of Georgia is to collect information and compile statistics concerning the agricultural products of the State, therefore, it is in compliance with that Act creating the Department in 1874 that this Bulletin is published.
In issuing this Bulletin I have a twofold purpose: It is intended, first, to renew and strengthen the faith of the citizens of Georgia in their State and to call attention to the many advantages enjoyed by them in this commonwealth. Second, it is intended as a source of information as to the opportunities offered in this State to those persons who may consider coming here to live.
Possessing natural advantages not exceeded by any other State in the Union, Georgia offers unlimited possibilities in every line of endeavor any citizen may desire to engage in, whether it be on a farm or in factory. Favored with a mild climate both winter and summer and containing soils suited to the luxurious growth of any plant grown in America, Georgia presents unusual opportunities to those who would farm, with markets already created for more farm products than are now being produced in the State.
The Department of Agriculture is devoted to the promotion of Agriculture in the State, in giving desired information on any subject pertaining to the farm, and in aiding the farmers to sell their products, marketing being the key to the success of farming in Georgia today.
All citizens and prospective citizens are invited to confer with this Department on any subject concerning farming in Georgia. Bulletins on a number of subjects relating to farming and its allied interests in the State will be mailed upon request.

Beautiful Mountain Laurel, in all its radiant beauty, is found throughout the mountain counties of Georgia. Nine of the species of laurel, known in the United States, may be seen growing in Whitfield County, Georgia, alone.

jia
State Capitol in Atlanta, with, monument in foreground erected to the memory of General John B. Gordon, Soldier and Statesman.
When, on February 12, 1733, James Edward Oglethorpe landed on the shores of America at Yamacraw Bluff on the Savannah River, with a colony of 116 persons from England, he named the settlement "Georgia," in honor of his sovereign, King George of England. Eight days after landing, work was begun on the first house in the new city, which Governor Oglethorpe had laid out and named "Savannah."
The colony was soon strengthened by the arrival of other settlers who engaged in farming the rich soil adjacent to the Savannah River. Among the new arrivals were John and Charles Wesley, founders of Methodism, and later another celebrated minister, Rev. George Whitfield, came and founded an orphanage at Bethesda, said to be the first orphanage established in America.
Oglethorpe permitted neither slavery nor the sale of rum in Georgia, but in 1743 the restrictions were removed and both were allowed in the colony.
Oglethorpe made treaties with the Indians who inhabited the land and promoted farming as an industry among the settlers. The territory of the colony was gradually extended from the Savannah River on the east to as far west as the Mississippi River, and embraced all the territory that is now Alabama and Mississippi. In 1802 Georgia ceded to the United States all claims to the region between its present western
5

oKf thSe SStarte hea2ve SbS^SSSSSSfK^SalSue'sta^ bUshe*d"th^ e -- ^

TM^t TM^ ^A*^ WMch resisted
d some of the powder usedTn tlU^f *he^eTOlutlona^ War fum^ed

the Declaration of Independence ftTrl ^^ ^ TM Signers of

Lyxnan Hall teen States

wanhdichGeuorZgeTS ontJouln yTcmle^T^nTW*e.re IBTUtt^ n G^ TMTMetrt,"

ot the United States of America today

* ^^ the baSlS

toiSxst ssiSs rr'^ - - , ,

e

and aimost the ia b tie

1 Savannah on JunelTSS JL?^6 * V1Ctry Ver the Britlsh near

^s^^Tj^zrrr **- - evacuation of Sa^lTS StiZST ^ ** "* * " part in au
tion, the Indian the War ST ~ & WarS' inoludlng the Revolusaunpdpltihees.World War' ^"Stteate^fuT rni-sh^ed8i^ ts f8u'll^quoStaP^o^f -sAolmdieerrsicaannd

olenct tS^ottoTthe0 founTn^T * ^ *nm** n ben-

But for OmersrnLtuVaTZZ its present motto "wTsSm S,?

aZndheSdiuncgat"ioNnOta*fOdT

urselves. having for

making laws justice !!?' H ^ Moderatton"-wisdom in

In array

loiftelruamtuirnea,rs*cL?Ln?d,,m 2*it/^^ Gergiabeheans

the g0al of the s^^Wbuted a notable

Printed in ^^n^e^ZtT f Jel Chandler =** TM

Frank F. Stanton have world W^P f ^ f Sldney Lanier and

LeConte brothers have ZSZ td \ ^ harleS Herty and the

Dr. Crawford ZonXisZTeTl

t0 SCientlfiC reSearch and

Patients, the first Zl^lTtT V* Pemtin n ne f hls

thus to

peadiuncleastisonsutrSgse^s wi K n L 'S se oT^*^dm^ g Cam*e*

that lnto

PUrpose' existence,

versity of GeorgiT^was the ^ nT , Pn?",t0 ^ faCt tnat the Unl"

America, college in

and the

UthnaittPrWie^laefya.n g CoLt'

&ft Mac(o1n?8' 5i)nSt1&84te0>

** in was the first

system of edu^Son f,T* i ^ & diPlma t0 a woman- The State

Private schools and college^ "^ * * nunib f religious a*d

a* its witoj^rTtSzs ^ - tw^Sta^^SScSfS
of Georgia is 5oZS f

tTtVoUsm oVutehdeaSMntadistesiSsis-saibpTopulilteR2g l2v5erm^ailn3e*Sdlaecnr*got*h

on the east the west.

the St

Maryson y n

tfhheT

^ by three riTMrs-the Savannah SOUtn and the Chattahoochee on

tud?o6f^arly imTeTilT* ""IT M ** * CaSt t0 an alti' into three distincTsecrion^ ThfTM rT ^ ^ State iS diyided * traversed by the ^^^Z^^=^Z^
6

Middle Georgia, known as the Piedmont or foot-hills section, consists of broadly rolling upland surface, trenched by deep and narrow valleys and is traversed by a large number of water courses. The section lying south of a line drawn from Augusta, through Milledgeville and Macon to Columbus, and comprising about three-fifths of the whole State, although hilly in sections, especially in the northern part, is on the whole so gently rolling and level that it appears as a broad and even plain. The southern part of this section is called the Coastal Plain.
Situated in the temperate zone and bordering on the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf Stream, Georgia has a mild climate, the mean temperature of the State being 62 degrees, with an average temperature of 47 degrees in winter and 77 degrees in summer.
The climate is hardly excelled by any state in the Union. There are no heat prostrations in summer nor deaths from freezing in winter. The summers are warm but not extremely hot, while the winter period is usually mild, the coldest weather being confined to three months, December, January and February.
The average rainfall in the State is 51 inches during the year and the growing season runs from 260 days in South Georgia to 230 days in North Georgia.
Georgia's climate is so mild that all farming, industrial and mining activities continue throughout the year without interuption from either hot or cold weather.
Artificially heated barns are unknown. Verdant year-round pastures in every section of the state, offer luxuriant grazing for cattle, hogs, poultry, sheep and other farm animals. Land values are extremely low, when compared with other section of the Union. With correct methods being followed, high acreage yields in food and feed crops are obtained. Labor is plentiful and happy. Adequate transportation facilities, over rail and highway, and nearness to large consuming centers, brings the producer and the consumer close together.
Georgia offers every material condition necessary for an attractive and contented rural life. She is self-sufficient and self-supporting, an empire within herself, yet offering hearty welcome to those who come into her borders, either as visitor or citizen.

GOVERNORS OF GEORGIA

NAME

Colonial

James Edward Oglethorpe

Williams Stephens, acting governor

Henry Parker, acting governor

TERM OF OFFICE Feb. 12, 1732-1743 July 11, 1743-1751 Apr. 8, 1751-1754

Provincial

John Reynolds Henry Ellis James Wright

Oct. 31, 1754-1757 Feb. 16, 1757-1760 Oct. 31, 1760-1776

Provisional Archibald Bulloch, Pres. of Ex. Council Button Gwinnett, Pres. of Ex. Council

Jan. 22, 1776-1777 Mar. 4, 1777-1777

7

JohnA.Treutlen..

Sta*6

John Houstoun.

John Wereat, Pres. of~Ex "council

George Walton

"

Richard Howley.

May
Jan" AuSJan-

8.1777-1778 10' 1778~1778 6,1778-1779
1779-1780

Stephen Heard, Pres." of Ex." Council Nathan Brownson...
JohnMartin
LymanHall

JohnHoustoun Samuel Elbert Elbert Telfair __" George Mathews _" GeorgeHandly

George Walton

""

Edward Telfair..__"."""

George Mathews. _"."

Jaredlrwin

"

James Jackson

David Emanuel, Pres." of" Senate" Josiah Tattnall, Jr.

JohnMilledge

"

Jared Irwin, Pres^of "senate " David B. Mitchell

Jan' FebAuSJan-

4' 1780"1781 18,1781-1781
18,1781-1782
3,1782-1783

JanJanJanJanJan-
JanJanNovNov-

8,1783-1784 9,1784-1785 7,1785-1786 9,1786-1787 9,1787-1788 26,1788-1789 7,1789-1790 9-1790-1793 7,1793-1796

Jan- 15,1796-1798

Jan' 12' 1798^801 : -Mar- 3. 1801-1801
Nov- 7,1801-1802

NV* 4' 1802-1806 Sept- 23, 1806-1809

William Rabun, President" o"f" Senate

Matthew Talbot, President of Senate

"

John Clark

George M. Troup.

JohnForsyth...

George R. Gilmer Wilson Lumpkin ""

William Schley.. """ George R. Oiimer "

ST'
n? Oct. NovNovNovNovNov-
Nov.

10, 1815~1817 *' 1817~1819 24, 1819-1819
5,1819-1823
7,1823-1827 7. 1827-1829 4,1829-1831
9,1831-1835 4,1835-1837

Charles J. McDonald "" George W. Crawford George W. Towns " Howell Cobb_.._
Herschel V. Johnson Joseph E. Brown
James Johnson, Provisional" Charles J. Jenkins
Gen. T. H. Ruger, U^S." A."Military Rufus E. Bullock, Provisional

NovNovNovNov-

8-1S37-1839 6. 1839-1843 8,1843-1847 3,1847-1851

Nov> 5' 1851-1853 Nov- 9.1853-1857

N0V- 6' 1857-1865 June 17> 1865-1865

?80' "' 186!W868

---***. 13, 1868-1868

Rufus E. Bullock, Reconstruction

V^

Benjamin Conley James M. Smith

K ReeCcOonnstsru^cHtlo^n- P^r"e"s"- Vof"S. enate..OJuctl.y

21*,'118866^ 8"1^ 868 30, 1871-1872

Alfred H. Colquitt " Alexander H. Stephens "

Jan- 12> 1872-1877 Jan- 12> 1877"1882 ---Nov. 4, 1882-1883

8

James S. Boynton, Pres. of Senate Henry D. McDaniel John B. Gordon William J. Northen William Y. Atkinson Allen D. Candler Joseph M. Terrell Hoke Smith Joseph M. Brown Hoke Smith John M. Slaton, Pres. of Senate Joseph M. Brown JohnM. Slaton Nathaniel E. Harris HughM. Dorsey Thomas William Hardwick Clifford Walker L. G. Hardman

Mar. 5, 1883-1883 May 10, 1883-1886 Nov. 4, 1886-1890 Nov. 8, 1890-1894 Oct. 27, 1894-1898 Oct. 29, 1898-1902 Oct. 25, 1902-1907 June 29, 1907-1909 June 26, 1909-1911 July 1, 1911-1911 Nov. 16,1911-1912 Jan. 25, 1912-1913 June 28, 1913-1915 June 26, 1915-1917 June 30, 1907-1921 June 25, 1921-1923 June 30, 1923-1927 June 25, 1927

"The Wren's Nest," Atlanta home of Joel Chandler Harris, author of "Uncle Rviesmiteuds"bystothrioeus.sanHdesreofthaedmbeirleorvsedeaGcheoyregaira. author lived and worked. The home Is

wt3e_os2tr,StShcafev>onefPer1saC^gihinanengrCod4kh9m eeJerubolCkueessoheuoennClstoyCPuhenpertrovoauckrteeae1v^ofnrar.oT,si,O^Fl4rae-nirPdi n1R 1>,i,t-..-sTMiTMTw , ,^n^ StdUhliplt?ct,ew arropol(JurP5cu_haraecsr-eibnrcgeod$rn7s,w7c5i0n.n0e0-,

w W.

WA. Keeter.

^ proMd-ucGin- gW6i5l0liagmalsl.ofnsSpep?raizcereGanudeTMmol?ed^abtul0fcTpeTM r g?all^on061"1"?65lugbTOwWinnnbeyr

And Its Affiliated Bureaus and Divisions
EUGENE TALMADGE, Commissioner.
Realizing the necessity for an organized agency to aid in the promotion of agriculture in the State, the Georgia Legislature in 1874 created the Georgia Department of Agriculture, Dr. Thomas P. Janes, being the first commissioner. Since its creation the department has been an important factor not only in supplying information concerning Georgia as a farming land, but also in the promotion of agriculture In the State.
The Commissioner of Agriculture, the executive officer of the department, who is elected by the voters of the State for a term of two years, must be a practical farmer.
Hon. Eugene Talmadge, the present Commissioner of Agriculture, a resident of Telfair county, has served as executive officer of the department since the latter part of June, 1927.
The following sub-divisions, under the supervision and direction of the commissioner, are a part of the State Department of Agriculture: Bureau of Markets; Apple, Peach and Fertilizer Inspection Division; Food and Drug Division; Veterinary Department; State Chemical Department, and State Agricultural Statistician.
The Commissioner of Agriculture is, by virture of his office, chairman of the Board of Entomology, Commissioner of Immigration, Board of Directors of the Georgia Experiment Station at Experiment, and is a member of the Board of Trustees of the State College of Agriculture, at Athens, Board of Trustees of the Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station, at Tifton, and State Board of Geology.
The Executive office of the Agricultural Department is under the direction of the commissioner, who supervises the entire department correlating the activities of the various branches and outlining the policies to be carried out. The sale of departmental revenue stamps and fertilizer inspection tax tags is handled by the executive office, of which Leeman Anderson is Chief Clerk.
Information concerning agriculture in the State, geological formation of various counties, adaptation of soils for the various products that may be grown in the State, together with information on other subjects of interest to those who till the soil, are compiled by the Agricultural Department for general distribution. Bulletins on special subjects, such as Food and Drug Inspection, Fertilizer Laws and Inspection, etc., are issued monthly and quarterly by the various departments.
11

The Division of Fertilizer Inspection
LEEMAN ANDERSON, Chief Clerk
The Inspection of $30,000,000 worth of commercial fertilizer, sold for use on Georgia farms, is under the supervision and control of the Commissioner of Agriculture and is carried on by the Chief Clerk and six full-time assistant inspectors, located in different sections of the state. Aiding them are an adequate number of short-term inspectors employed for four months.
It is the duty of the inspectors to draw samples of commercial fertilizers, insecticides and fungicides from original containers, after they have reached the hands of farmers, sealing the samples in bottles under official seal and forwarding samples to the Commissioner of Agriculture with reports thereon. These samples are registered in the office of the chief clerk and turned over to the State Chemist for analysis.
The value of this service to the farmer can not be over-estimated, lhat he realizes its importance is seen in the number of samples drawn and analyzed.
In 1926, 5,408 official samples of fertilizer were drawn, analyzed and reported on. In 1927, 5,383 samples were drawn and analyzed However, m 1928, the first year under the administration of Commissioner ,,,TMge' 12'526 samples were taken by departmental inspectors. In 1929 the number increased to 16,862, the greatest number ever taken in a single year in the history of the department. Thus far in 1930, the number of fertilizer samples drawn have reached more than 13,000.
In the analysis of fertilizer, the available phosphoric acid, total nitrogen, water soluble nitrogen and potash are determined as a check on the guaranteed commercial value. The availability of the nitrogen is also determined.
Every sack of fertilizer sold in Georgia must bear a tax tag authorized by the Department of Agriculture and in order that the farmers may become familiar with the ingredients of the fertilizer used by them, the department issues a Bulletin which shows the commercial values of the various brands of fertilizer sold in Georgia.
Georgia is the second largest user of commercial fertilizer in the United States, exceeded only by North Carolina. In 1929 Georgia ^TMUrChaSed 868'9U t0nS 0f conm*cial fertilizer, costing them
The use of commercial fertilizer is being reduced in many sections of the state by improvement of the soil through crop rotation and by P anting soil-building legumes. Livestock thrives on the legume plants and the farmer, while building up his soil, is at the same time cashing In on the production of cattle, hogs, poultry and their prod-
12

Hunting and fishing near Darien in Mclntosh County. 1-Home of Howard E Coffin on Sapelo plantation. 2-Ex-President Calvin Cooledge and Mrs. Cooledge on Sapelo Beach. 3-Mr. Cooledge with a bag of wild turkeys and pheasants killed in Mclntosh County. 4-Transportation. slow but safe. Mr. Cooledge and Howard Coffin returning after a day's hunt. 5-Group of prominent citizens of Darien after a day's hunting and fishing, including Senator Walter George. Chas. Barrett. W. J. Vereen and Howard Coffin.

State Bureau Of Markets
A. D. JONES, Director.

dbyenIt hean\BdeSecuonroemtircSaSlhLS dhnf r,P^ VTM ffpAro*motuinreeP^wPaesr,crseuaftfeid-

tribution, inspect anrsaego/aSrf; ^P"^ s^age, dis-

within the State and a?so to assst^ Z ^ PrdUCtS f a11 kinds"

products in selling and r-nrl

Pacers and consumers of farm

fair and reasoSbfe prfces

^ """ Under to COnditio^ and at

by S2^^,,f JS^S"^ Arth- * ^nes, appointed

assist the famers in sellfnTthe?' ' 7*?TM eXP6rtS in marketing who

of livestock and o herproln^tl f *** Wh alS0 conduct ^les

operation tions.

with

t^*2TMaZ rm T AgeT nt' T or co^ mmSutnaitt8y'

USUally in c" sales organiza-

Market conditions throughout the TM,,,,*

order to secure the best pricTatall^rnpT^.f16 ClS6ly Studied ln

fits of this department to the farmer.

* ^^ the bene-

P^S^BTM^^ t0 ?? *" f Borgia is

_ . S2 -, SS^SfS&S? 1930, thirty-four months under T
MO,

m JUly h 1927 throu^ APr".

1927-Six months Si^^o"--T"TwFwoeeullrvvmee ommnootuhntsth.hss"

175,320.54 586,227.18 705,359.54 677,943.31

75,610.41 424,556.15 870,537.81 376,261.50

$ 81,996.2711190,246 411$ 52a 173 <w 106.860.641 161 921.5 1,279 565 56 48,805.00 121,204.16, 1 74590651 19.300.64i 39,317.77 1 112,823 22

$2,144,850.57J$l,746,965.87|$256,962.55!$512,68^i4^46lS

wheS:7eLdriysoLrc2Lburr/- ^ ** or ^.m^

sugar cane, rye commodities

sSp

PnLnnS'f6fg'gS' gatSb'ecaonStt'onP6saeSe'dPaenadnumtsa>nyshoutchkesr-

conducting, safes sales committees

in

cCo-^PeerLatl0n

Wl?th

cWohu"tCynadgUeCnttssaalneds

or assist in community

Bulled T incl ude:d ^m gtL he 7figeuirteiSsemqueonttSed aaPbPo6vaer.i^WIhnileOno- r^erpkoretst
14

are made of gales through the Bulletin, it is estimated that, if the results were compiled, such sales would equal or exceed those made by the office force and herein tabulated.
The sale of 4,262 car loads of farm commodities in Georgia in a period of 34 months is the direct result of Georgia's diversified farm plan and the activities of the Bureau of Markets, co-operating with County Agents and Community Sales organizations, in aiding farmers in locating markets for their products, where the highest price may be obtained.
Inspection and Standards of Peaches and Apples
The fixing of grades and standards and the inspection of apples and peaches in Georgia is under the supervision and direction of the Commissioner of Agriculture, as provided by laws enacted by the General Assembly in 1927.
These laws provide that all closed packages of apples and peaches transported or offered for sale, shall bear an adhesive stamp, showing each package has been correctly inspected, marked and graded, if shipped in less than carload lots.
All carload lot shipments, of both apples and peaches, must bear on bills of lading a stamp showing the car has been inspected, marked and its contents graded, as required by the Arnold amendment to state inspection act.
The law also places on the Commissioner of Agriculture the duty of promulgating rules and regulations governing marketing, grading and inspection of apples and peaches.
/ Peach grades, as promulgated by the Commissioner of Agriculture f% the 1930 crop are: "TJ. S. Fancies," "IT. S. No. Ones," and "U. S. No. Twos." All peaches not meeting the requirements of these grades may be shipped as "Commercial," and so marked.
Peaches consisting of more than 25 per cent worm, worm-holes or rot, or a combination of either, are held by the commissioner as unfit for human consumption ahef'can not be legally shipped.
Apple grades, as promulgated by the Commissioner of Agriculture forthe 1930 crop are: "Extra Fancy," "Fancy," and "Grade C" or "Third Grade," for apples packed in boxes. The grades for apples in baskets are: "XT. S. No. Ones," "TJ. S. No. Twos," "Commercial No. Ones," and "TJ. S. Commercial No. Twos." "Unclassified" consists of apples free from disease and insect injury, but not graded in conformity with rules governing the above specified grades.
All apples, classified or unclassified, shall be free from excessive or dangerous amounts of poisonous spray residues.
These rules and regulations will remain in force until changed by the Commissioner of Agriculture.
The Market Bulletin is a weekly publication issued by the Bureau of Markets and sent free to the farmers of the State and is devotedjto
15

i^r^-a^ara'ar^T - ^"-^ Bulletin each week. On* ads corffnTM

products
fT ^ PrInted free in the

carried in the WeeklyBullet n ThTSfu ,U- S" P0St&1 mleS Can be

*t to le pages, has a ci^SS^ *

uetl in Sf^S^^rT* ^^ PriC6S fr a11 farm P*-
Available suppheand demfnS *" "^ *" State and elsew^. are also given thus eachsuh^h^/T^ products at the markets week thT current pnceofl^ln l ,?! BUlletin Can ascertain each nave for sale or wEfhf C^iE" ^^ ** ^ W

taiS!iS^ Sf S x f ^ - lt

, thB pro itable marketing of vege

farmers in preparing1 Sd aS 1 M "* PrdUCe iS deration of the

dition and in stanLrdfzed S ^dUCtS in mercantable con-

Markets is authoSSSSS^?,fnd Cntainers- T1* Bureau of

saardles,agnrdadsetsanadnarddTs;asasd!sapated^fo^Tu ackT iTM^T^1TM

PrP6r &nd fa* Stand" f *U ^ PlaCed n

ready have been put in^^^S^"8' ^ " "* ^^ *

Traffic Manager and Rate Department

^ZfZZ^SSir reated by the ****** * 1917,

portation" with this

lmawat,tearsTbraiffZ ^M^antfT ^TM ^tT^,U*r6"a*U' *an"d*in

atba tranS" >mpllance

and the Bureau in such mat^rf Z ""T* ^ r6PreSent tne farmers

oo^ce (jssriSrSaS sTMr an expert of long exoerlence i

*f PSltin iS held btyhBe" IBn"teCr*setaetke,

modities by farmers. Through STraff,>r? fM ^ COm" is able to determine instemfv the M t department, the Bureau commodity, by SZ^ZZ^o^Xt S SSST^ ""
oveSTaSStf hu^d^Xr TS^ated> an<* - -any instances,
to farmers of the stat * dUarS ^ been CUeCted an* "turned

in other states. ArS ~le o7th C~SS10n and si^ar bodies

department is seen in tne Tn^f , "^* f the Wrk f tne traffic

minecnretas ses

on

w wataer^mieolonnsf,

bboo?thh

Jfonr ^mttrPa-SsttPateneamnedntintferf-rsetaigteht

rate
ship-

16

Brooks County scenes. 1--Pure-bred cattle grazing in shade. 2--Satsuma orange tree. 3--J. Pope Bass prize-winning pigs in ton-litter and fat barrow show at Moultrie. One of three Brooks County litters to sweep list of prizes and establish a new state record. 4--Thirty thousand pounds of Brooks County hams and bacon sold at one time by one farmer. Everett Yount. of Quitman. 5-- One of the poultry pick-up cars BthraotokvsisCitoBurnotoykfsaarmnd. other south Georgia counties. 6--Tobacco field on M. F. Gattis

Co-Operation Sought By Bureau Director rah^T Urg6nt need t0 enable tne Profitable marketing of vege-

ccoonndmititoZn,

pZacZ kin?g

onlfyg

and ShlPPing their Pr0ducts
m standard containers

ln

merchantable

divSualf colt^ f"^ ^^ * C-Perate t0 the fullest with in-

oS ions 1 grtf.,and commuili^ saleS committees or farmers

in Z Z? *

llltleS f the bureau are bailable to every farmer

PPrroodduuccee mIaTximTM um JrUeSstuflts^for"ththe3Sa6grfaicCulUlttuierSalMiendUuSsetdr-ycan the bureau

Veterinary Department
DR. J. M. SUTTON, State Veterinarian.

gagIdenrTncilTyD1ViSi0n f the Apartment of Agriculture is enSasesTPhally,m+ combatting and controlling animal and poultry sTectS^tfnff ;ftabllShlng ^antines when necessary, in-

Perta nfn^ to ^

" Sale ln the State and compiling certain data

pSrtoadteuc?tsP;OT^Tn1 P ,6 lmS^Pnr1tS

Uf nmd6erattSh'e

meat fd PrdUCtS and dairy food management and supervision of the

since6 Jute^JT' ^ * ^ ^^ Wh haS Served ln TMs capacity

wKae?nmSiTM ^tei,r>^fiy*fineSaPCetCtfto1n91S4e'rVbiUet

suPervises this industry in a With the a^ of 1929 the service

UmTcoullft"Xtend6d' Dr' Peter F- Bahnsen beinS Placed in charge.

gfnrzinTand n aCTP 1Sh6d ln the Wrk during 1929> other than or-

ifnndduussttrryvww^ithhin

thte

8 a
next

Pr0gram that
few years.

WlU

materially

advance

the

dairy

StaTe^nd Fpdf7', ^T^ W&S leleaSed frm Cattle tick Quarantine by were n?,? I t authorities, it was thought that Georgia's tick worries

tine terrL ec0nomical factors growing out of the release of quaran-

ilano?, T' CmPe'led the dePartment to continue the utmost vig-

portation lZT?m ^^^^ of Georgia territory. Modern trans-

of SfP,tP^

,make " dlfflCUlt t0 Prevent clandestine movements

reflec " l/nTa HWeV6r' deSpite dilTMlties, results obtained

alnU T n the efficienc* of the division's field forces. The

tTMaZu*TTn WiU cntInue until Florida has comPleted tick

mmoovve^mPenntt

is 1thrhouatghStGate6o' rfgiar

the reaSOn that most
to northern markets.

of

Florida's

cattle

DrTWtf .mU^ tuberculsis eradication work had been done by inau^SnHS PredeceSsors' no eort at state-wide eradication had been
De^Snto^ ^ ^ f 1927" Co-Perating with the Federal inTS * Agriculture and the respective counties all of the cattle m a number of counties have been tested and cattle found tubercular

18

have been destroyed. These counties are: Bartow, Catoosa, Cherokee, Cobb, Chattooga, Dade, Dawson, Douglas, Forsyth, Fannin, Gilmer, Gwinnett, Gordon, Habersham, Lumpkin, Murray, Milton, Pickens, Polk, Rabun, Towns, Union, Walker, White, and Whitfield.
The number of cattle tested was 83,033, of which 287 were found tubercular and condemned.
In his annual report to the Commissioner of Agriculture, relative to eradication of tuberculosis in cattle, Dr. Sutton says:
"The general public has from the beginning manifested keen interest in the work. Recognizing that the last word on transmissibility of bovine and avian tuberculosis has not yet been written, I unhesitatingly predict that final eradication of the 'great white plague' (tuberculosis) will call for a close co-operative checkup between human and animal tuberculosis, and. as far as human tuberculosis is concerned, it will call for a more rigid program of control than health authorities have yet adopted. There probably was a time when the human family was threatened with tuberculosis from bovine or avian sources, but today the reverse is true."
Contagious abortion in cattle is one of the most important economic questions facing the livestock industry, and the disease is being effectively dealt with by the Veterinary Division, as a strictly economic safeguard to the industry. Being without special funds, the division has been compelled to restrict its efforts to those herds where owners have pledged active co-operation. Inspectors have tested 84,253 head of cattle for contagious abortion and found 831 head suffering from the disease. These were isolated, quarantine, and some slaughtered with owners consent.
Hog cholera presents an exasperating problem to pork producers in Georgia. While serum and virus properly and timely administered, is a specific against cholera, the fact remains that outbreaks occur following inoculation, most of which can be prevented, and must be if the industry is to prosper. In his report on this subject, Dr. Sutton says:
"One of the tragedies of human progress is that many of us do not always act as prudently as we should. This is especially true in growing hogs, if we are to realize a profit. Wormy hogs are never thrifty and insanitary conditions promote worm infestation and other communicable diseases. Therefore we should maintain reasonmabolnyesya. nitary conditions, especially for brood sows and litters, if we expect to make
"Young pigs and shoats are most susceptible to parasitic infestation and communicable diseases, especially necrobacillosis. Hogs at any age, infected with any disease or when heavily infested with worms, are poor subjects for immunization against cholera. Experience has proven that careless or untimely inoculation almost invariably leads to subsequent outbreaks of cholera. If vaccination is to be of general benefit in the control of hog cholera, it will be necessary to restrict the use of virus to only those especially trained for and Qualified to know the indication and contra-indication of hog cholera vaccination. It isn't every one who is Qualified to inoculate hogs against cholera."
The division receives many calls, requesting investigation of diseases, and some of these lead to the discovery of incipient outbreaks of specific infections or contagions. Through timely control, the state is undoubtedly saving large sums of money annually for Georgia farmers.
Though the control of bacillary white diarrhea is of comparatively recent origin, it has reached a volume that marks it as one of the most necessary disease controls receiving attention from the Veterinary Division. In the past, the division has performed this service through cooperation with the Georgia Baby Chick Association. However, because of the growing importance of the poultry industry in Georgia,
19

it is thought that the State should make specific appropriation for this work, so the disease may he completely stamped out.
Statistical data is compiled by the Veterinary division on meats, meat food products and dairy food products shipped into the state.' While Georgia grows and ships many hogs out of the state, the fact remains that during the year 1929 the state imported enough dry salt meats (bellies and backs), which if converted into 165-pound hogs, would show that we imported 1,127,223 head of hogs that might have been produced in the state. This is only a small proportion of the enormous amount of meat imported into the state annually, as revealed by the division's statistical data.
Dr. W. R. Scott is in charge of markets and slaughter house supervision and his reports show a gradual constructive improvement in such establishments.
With the remarkable increase in the production of poultry, cattle and hogs in Georgia the Veterinary division assumes greater and greater importance. Demands for its service are increasing monthly and results being obtained are reflected in the progress of the livestock and poultry industry in Georgia.
Department of Entomology
MANNING S. YEOMAN S, Entomologist.
The Department of Entomology is engaged in the study of insects and diseases that attack Georgia plants, field crops, fruits and nuts. It handles all cases of plant diseases, inspects potato plants and nursery stock offered for sale in the state, and establishes quarantines to prevent infected plants and insect pests from being brought into the state, when such action is essential. Manning S. Yeomans is State Entomologist.
Much of the time of the department has been given in the past few years in combating boll weevils, cotton fleas, boll worms and other pests and diseases affecting cotton.
Working in co-operation with the TJ. S. Bureau of Plant Industry, the Department of Entomology has recently inspected all of the 1700 commercial peach groves in the state, condemning several hundred thousand peach trees, in its effort to eradicate the phoney peach disease. In 1929, fifty men were used by the board in its successful effort to prevent entry into Georgia of the Mediterranean fruit fly.
For the first time in its history, the department is now breeding parasites at the Cornelia station that will be used in the control of pests attacking fruit trees.
Three experimental stations are operated under the supervision of the state entomologist. The Cornelia station devotes its attention to
20

r-%. i
Scenes at Rome. 1--North Rome Grammar School. 2--Rome City Auditorium. 3--Darlington High School for Doys at Rome. 4--One of Floyd County's consolidated schools at Cave Spring. 5--Plant of the Rome Furniture Company. 6--Group of buildings at Shorter College, a grade A institution for women. 7--County Home for the indigent at Rome.

Z7o* e^ lTZeSnt?ly'manT d thgePeAaClbha6nSyasntdataiopnpletSo;

the station
pecans.

*t

Thomas-

nf T?"\Department f Entomology is composed of a board of three

of wh1Ch the Commissioner of Agriculture is chairman. Constitut ng

the board are Eugene Talmadge, chairman, T. W. HolUs of Mar on

ovi^Ssntlsa^PPCmtftedd

w by tfne\bofaHrdaba6nrSdha^m rves0Uunntdye- r

T^te" nS its general super-

Division of Food And Drug Inspection
J- C THRASHER, Chief Food Inspector A. M. STEAD, Chief Drug Inspector.

chaSedlTtn cnarged with

tahnepd.iD nsrpue^ctiDoinviosifoanllpf lathcees

Department of Agriculture is preparing, serving or offering

oods beTM116 ^ ^ beTOa* r ^ -^ SSSSS

Se dutv of T, ; dm^S Sld r ffered fr Sale- In add^n, it is

aanniLmaallss

ssoolldd

oo^r

nofff/ePreadHf^oernstalte0,

InSP6Ct
and all

&shUelTM l fish<*coiyalstfeerebde-sdtsufors tfhor

waters where these beds are located along the Ge^gia coast

sfeneedcmtSilioshf otLreiltH/ ng T6re^f0*dTS afreUm ntSan' u^ fac^ tureSdtraerSe'

meat marketsunder the in^

spection of the
onhfst^."6

food division, of which J. C. Thrasher

inSPeCt0rS' t6n aSSiStam

l0Cated in ten

is chief inspector
<mSS2E

It is the duty of the Drug Department to see that all United States

SZZT* ^ Natinal FOnnUlary P-parations offered fofsa

saammppllees, ooff tthw ese^, wP,hti0cf h aere^ tran^ smitted*tofthreSUSCtahtearCtichleems=ist *fortoantaalkye-

sis It s also the duty of this department to see that drug stores

sseelnZingTfZamZily

WlemerendieersP7do

* "**""* ^^ 2S t0 S6e
not dispense such remedies from broken

packages, nor sell or offer for sale poisons restricted by law to detec"

and prevent misbranding of remedies, and to supervise The sale S

drugs, chemicals, paints, linseed oil, and family remedies

froorrAtthnheeadftiorssUttattiimieleinrTtwrednt"y-ok6dPdt

ln the
years,

th"isicefilef

cthoentcahinieinf ginsrepceocrtdosr

of^druggist licenses inspected, complaint files, list of registered drug

gists, application records of drug clerks seeking positioSrecoS of

iinndduustZry1SatnS^ d tlheedlgnegnedrmalggpiuSbtSli'c.and ther -formation ofvalu^toth

th^--T T^* Commissloner of Agriculture assumed office

sSw

hUndr6d r mre Concerns' advertised as drug stores'

eemmppTlooyveedd,1SaOnnd,S s'o^me mmedainCulnfeaSctulnrinW g hieCshtabnl0ishrem^esn^tsdwedreruo^fesrtatwLags

22

without registered pharmacists. Most of these violations of law have been corrected.
Likewise, in the food and feed inspection division, many unlawful practices have been stopped. The practice, by a relatively few concerns, of misbranding, adulterating or offering for sale products that failed to comply with the food and feed inspection laws, has led to correction or elimination of such products from the market. In the inspection of feed-stuffs, protein, fat and fiber content are determined, and misbranding and adulteration detected and stopped.
In 1929, a total of 16,632 places of business, where feeds are offered for sale, were inspected. Unsanitary conditions found were corrected. All feeds were inspected to see that they met State standards and that containers bore inspection stamps.
This inspection revealed 529 commodities failing to meet state regulations and these were withheld from sale until adjustments were made. During the year, 129 abatement notices were issued, because of unsanitary conditions or the absence of proper fly screening. Inspectors saw that corrections were made within the time permitted under the feed inspection law.
Official samples, taken by the 12 feed, food and drug inspectors, are transmitted to the State Chemist for analysis, a report made to the Chief Food or Chief Drug Inspector, and results of analysis given widespread publicity in the division's efforts to protect the health and welfare of the citizens of the state.
State Chemical Laboratories
DR. J. FRAMPTON KING, State Chemist.
State Chemical Laboratories are located in the State Capitol, where samples of fertilizer, insecticides, fungicides, commercial feeds, drugs, foods and dairy products are analyzed by a staff of chemists working under direction of the State Chemist, who is appointed to the position by the Commissioner of Agriculture, and works under his authority. Dr. J. Frampton King is State Chemist.
Through the State laboratory pass thousands of samples taken by the Official Inspection force of the Department of Agriculture, these official analyses are made for the purpose of detecting adulterants, or misbranding, and the results reported to the Commissioner of Agriculture.
In addition to the official samples, when time permits, the State Chemist makes unofficial determinations on large numbers of miscellaneous samples in an effort to render the largest possible service to the State.
23

During the twelve months of 1929, a total of 21,167 samples were analyzed, commercial fertilizer leading the list with 16,862 samples, the greatest number of samples of fertilizer ever taken and reported on in the history of the department. Other items analyzed include 869 samples of food; 844 of milk; 525 drug samples; 451 feed samples; 291 samples of insecticides; 657 samples of oysters and oyster bed water.
By analyzing foods and beverages, adulterating and misbranding is held to a minimum, impure and possibly harmful foods are driven off the market, thus protecting the health and lives of citizens of the State.
In like manner, analysis of fertilizers, insecticides and fungicides, particularly those used on cotton, tobacco, fruits and nuts, makes it possible for the regulatory force of the Department of Agriculture to drive off the market adulterated, misbranded, and often worthless mixtures, thus protecting the agricultural crops of the State.
Through the Bacteriological Laboratory, which prepares and distributes to farmers at cost, soil inoculation for various types of legumes, enough culture was sold at cost in 1929 to inoculate more than 2,500 acres of Georgia land.
All official samples from the Fertilizer Division, the Food and Drug Division, the State Entomologist and the State Veterinarian are analyzed by the State Chemist.
Bureau of Immigration
The Commissioner of Agriculture is ex-officio Commissioner of Immigration and as such is charged with collecting and distributing information concerning the State that may be informative to those seeking facts or observations regarding the resources of the State of Georgia.
The Department of Agriculture is visited almost daily by homeseekers, potential farmers, settlers, investors, both individual and corporate, and representatives of other States, all seeking information. Hundreds of letters are answered monthly from similar sources, desiring facts about the State. Speakers and writers are supplied with data as varied as the individual.
The actual value of such a service is inestimable, though often of an intangible nature. More and more each year, corporations in the State, chambers of commerce, firms and individuals depend on the Department of Agriculture for authoritative information relating to Georgia agriculture.
The first steamboat to cross the Atlantic ocean, sailed from a Georgia port--Savannah.
24

Homeseekers Rates Made by Railroads
Homeseekers desiring to come to Georgia and see for themselves the wonderful advantages offered in this State may take advantage of special Homeseekers' rates offered by many railroads in the United States. Parties of five or more traveling together may obtain passenger rates for one fare plus $2.00.
These rates are in effect, usually from April through November, and are limited to about 20 days from date of sale. Local railroad offices can give full particulars as to these rates.
Bulletins Issued by Department of Agriculture
A number of Special Bulletins are issued annually by the Department of Agriculture, copies of which may be obtained without cost, on request to the department. Among the bulletins regularly issued are: The Market Bulletin, published weekly; Food, Drugs and Feed Stuffs, issued monthly; Bulletin of Laws relating to Adulteration and Misbranding of Foods, Drugs and Feed Stuffs, Narcotics, Poison laws, Sanitary laws and other information relating to Georgia Food Standards; Rules and Regulations governing the manufacture, sale and inspection of fertilizer, fertilizer materials and cotton seed meal in Georgia; Commercial Fertilizer inspected and analyzed during the season of 1929; and the 1930 edition of "Georgia and Her Resources," illustrated and containing a vast amount of information regarding agriculture and its related industries, statistics and miscellaneous facts often needed on the farm.
State Agricultural Statistician
The Statistician of the Department of Agriculture gathers and compiles information from authoritative sources relative to agriculture and related subjects, which is furnished to those requesting information.
The statistician works in co-operation with the United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultural Economics, the State College of Agriculture, and other agencies that compile farm statistics. The statistical and other information contained in this Bulletin, "Georgia and Her Resources," was compiled by the Statistician.
Georgia has nearly 60 rivers, ten islands, 100 creeks, and from its rivers and creeks is produced annually 700,000,000 kilowatt hours of hydro-electric power that is distributed in every city and most of the towns and villages of the State.
25

2at-GMa^copnn.o4fS-M1eearScceornU Mun nicilp& al Ho^sriM ltl!: g 3~Gse^ org^la ^ AcJadeTM my

?iver ta for the

background, Blind located

Georgia, A Billion Dollar Empire

From farm and factory, mine and forest, river and sea, Georgia citizens, through their industry and genius, produce annually commodities valued at more than a billion dollars in the marts of the world. If, perchance, a Chinese wall completely circled her far-flung borders, Georgia's near three million citizens could continue to live and thrive, for within the state are natural resources sufficient to produce the necessities and many of the luxuries of life. It is no misnomer, that of "The Empire State of the Nation."
The estimated annual worth of Georgia's products, taken from the most recent and most reliable sources, is $1,201,747,866, and a third of this enormous wealth is derived from Georgia farms, as is shown in the following tabulations:

Georgia's Farm Products:

Cotton, Lint and Seed

$122,971,000

Corn

44,399,000

Tobacco

16,806,000

Peanuts, for All Purposes

13,415,000

Wheat, Oats and Rye

9,273,000

Sweet Potatoes

9,424,000

Peaches

3,312,000

Hay, Wild and Tame

7,078,000

Sirup, Cane and Sorghum

5,715,000

Watermelons

3,531,000

Cowpeas

2,226,000

Irish Potatoes

2,201,000

Apples

952,000

Pecans

715,000

Soy Beans

308,000

Pears

183,000

Fish, Oysters and Shrimp

1,381,000

Fruits and Vegetables

15,000,000

Poultry and Eggs

40,000,000

Dairy Products

20,000,000

$318,890,000

Mules and Mule Colts Milk Cows and Heifers AllOther Cattle Hogs and Pigs Horses and Horse Colts Goats andKids Sheep and Lambs
r

Georgia's Livestock: $ 36,355,000 18,689,000 7,856,000 0,894,000 2,826,000 300,000 205,000 , $ 77,125,000

Total Values, Farm Products and Livestock 27

$396,015,000

,,Tve.x^t.li,,lZesr^T"

Value Georgia Factory Products: $247,498,754

Foundry Products

151,286 384

Furniture and Fixtures SoftDnnks

32>529 678
30,862 784

Cottonseed Oil Products

27,998 981

Candy, Bakeries, Etc Flour Grist Mills, Etc
Naval Stores

25,998 656
25 296 387
23 000 000

Printing and Publishing

19 792 557

Fertilizer and Nitrates Lumbering

26,'512,'700
g

Barrels, Crates, Etc Ice Plants

17,562,389 15,786 398

LTe?aflT thegr ^GoPoPdfs e1--
Brick, Tile and Other Clays
Marble and Granite (Finished) Canneries
Medical Compounds Cigars, Cigarettes, Etc Chemicals

V1>5,,S0M01A,2M60
12 264 376
12'23o'272 -- 5'98 ' '_[[ 4;BOO'000
2,022,395 '

Misc. Factory Products

49,283,820

>-**.. ....... Value of Minerals Mined:

$789,209,901

Cement Clays FTPu, l!lier7's"^E"arth Barytes... Limestone..;:;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; Iron Ore, Ocher Sand and Gravel

"" "

Manganese, Manganiferous Ore

Mica, Gold, Talc, Soapstone

Lime
B.W::;:::;:::;;.;:;;;;;;;

PIS!

----:-:::::

Bee Hive Coke

<^75,832 1'747'263 11,658727,605414 'ZZ'^}
^'^
-TM
TO] (V)o
I35'ii4
SC ynyo''0=q9Hfi S
1i'35,9868 7

$ 16,522,965

Total Value Georgia Products

$1,201,747,866

factruhrir,?^^^neraireS0UrCeS SCarCely have been touched> new manusl^TlnT arlbeing or2anlzed in the state or are coming to the
svaaTntiaTgnesesofffepS^ rar??TMtTbaeC' a"U^Se arfgeixccuelPtutiroenaadlvoapnp<o**rtuan^itgiessaafnedaandd-
Swihn ccoonnttiinnuuee ttonfin'crease 6inyevaorSlumPaeSSa'ndthvealVuealue 0f Geor^ P^ducts
28

jia

jncu

Fertile Soils, Ideal Climate, Abundant Rainfall, Adequate Transportation Facilities, Contented Labor and Diversification of Crops Offer Unlimited Possibilities From Farms and Forests.

The total area of the State of Georgia is 59,265 square miles, 540 square miles being under water, the largest state east of the Mississippi river and is the youngest of the original thirteen states. It has more than 600 miles of coast line, many mountains which rise to majestic heights, piercing the clouds in their mysterious beauty. Ten islands nestle off her coast and hundreds of rivers, creeks and streams quinch the thirst of land, man and beast, as then waters flow through millions of acres of rich, strong virile soil, on the way to the Atlantic ocean or the Gulf
of Mexico. There are, according to the most recent available statistics, 37,584,000
acres of land in Georgia, of this, 25,440,000 are classified as farm lands, with 11,600,000 acres occupied by cities, towns, woodlands or "wild lands." The 1930 preliminary census estimates the number of active farms in Georgia as 255,598.
In 1929, more than 10,000,000 acres were covered with field crops, with many other millions of acres in orchards and timber. From the latter there was cut, in 1929, 1,039,475,000 feet of timber. Georgia leads the nation in Naval Stores and Savannah is the leading export city in the world for turpentine and rosin.
Georgia farm property, according to the 1925 census, was valued at $1,120,322,322, being divided as follows: Farm lands, $433,649,074; farm
property, $686,673,248. The value of all farm products in 1929 is estimated at $396,015,000.
Cotton and Cotton seed, valued at $122,971,000, by far exceeds any other field crop grown in the state. Corn comes second with a value in 1929 of $44,399,000. However, the wise plan of diversification that has been followed in recent years, is bringing many other crops to the forefront. Among these are tobacco, valued at $16,806,000 in 1929 and $10,958,975 in 1928, an increase of more than 50 per cent in one year. Tests show that bright leaf tobacco grown in Georgia is superior in quality to that grown in any other state for the manufacture of cigarettes.
In 1922 Georgia's tobacco crop was valued at less than two millions of dollars, thus it is seen how rapidly this one crop has forged to the front, outdistancing other farm products in value and importance.
Other crops extensively grown in the state, in commercial quantities, include peaches and apples, watermelons, pecans, oats, wheat, peanuts, sweet potatoes, hay, sugar cane.
Livestock, including hogs and cattle, poultry raising and dairying are engaged in on an extenside scale. The value of the livestock on Georgia farms January 1, 1930, was $77,125,000, not including poultry.
29

cor^f> T"* reaP a rlCh inCOme in cash each month through E sT,,?fZl%TJST Z +f!Z&hmgS'ntPhSU0ltfry1'93Ca(ttJlaenaunadryctohrrno' uigmhmMuayn)itaymcoaurnlot-t

and 4n? 7, f

thlS &Um' $723'273 was derived from sales ' hogs

call

T PUltry- During the year 1929' trough community

SSStfSS'pST reC6iVed $1'745'9^$705-359 * hogs ana

PprroodduucctitoZnaonffShrogs,fptohufltrey

flgUr6S indiCate the
and other products

progress

made

in

the

withhfe are.aPProxlmately 150 commercial hatcheries in the state,

I" ~ 0f 1'842'300 <*& During the spring and fall these

eexxpnoorrttttoo nothtfer s?ta?tesm . illlnS f ChlCkS f0r Georgla Pouhrymen, or for

count?Tr5 Td cream"buylng stations are located in nearly every

and so,TM 6 ir611 flnd " daily CaSh market for cream- sweet milk

men who Z7i'JTM "^ f the larger CltieS are hundreds * dairy-

TnatrSlTL

Wn mlk and bUtter> eggs> Pultr^ vegetables

successfu iv W Kittcchneenn SfmHd

rnePnaed;yT atecfad"s' hWs? ahleerseS.6PVreordalucftstho6fSethCeitifeaSr'mf,argmaerrdsenmaarnkdetsfaarmre

ggiaiawSatteTM rm!e,l8o0n11s', tahreounnadtltwn eanWtya"thSotuhesaanPdPceaarTMs nacree sohfitphpeedluysceiaorluys Geor-

l'i2 ci!ousIfM^^F^r6^ m ^ 10'0^00-'0100natrteiens -lW ocidaetedfam ine

for
1,700

its beauty and decommercial groves

Georgia ships an average of 11,500 cars of peaches annually

ffiivveeGttoorsievvpeP n emCaiullSionarpe oduenmdasnbdeeidngWmhaerrekveetredthaennpueaclalny is known, from

potJtoef thf^ T^ State in the Uni0n in the Production of sweet rmriSlloioTn hbush*elfs m areb6gm rogwtnhaenmnuSatllPyO . pular of a11 varieties. Around nine

tn ^r^ht l6af tobacco> used in the manufacture of cigarettes has come

Soducfnf " nH
SmonTo'f d'lir

^^ 9f m ^(m majPr UCrndPSS in a TM*aftewSlTM Xt6en

tt0he"c-t^aw eJ

ssttaatet,^tthheeiri^afnSnuaanlidvTalu6eMexeceperodidnugcendinelnmmilolisotn odfotllhaers.counties of the nTTM and tame hay, sugar cane and sorghum cane, peanuts cowpeas and corn add many millions to the income of Georgia farmers

in Sh Geor'if^n ^ WOrth f commeroial apples are produced

an?aZS/rf

? Wlth SmaUer CrPS f pears' Plumbs ""* berries,

and a small amount of rice still is produced in the state.

dueeppttnhss^o?f

tthTe eOkXefefnokveeNfSwthamp ei0nrgSlaouatnhd

in the
Georgia,

vtraaspt>pimngysotefrifouurs

bearing a

ls is stm a means Qf ^

L persons devow

pitirismirs industry and many usi- *as a --ss^

30

Randolph County scenes. 1-Carnegie Library, Cuthbert, equipped by Cuthbert Woman's Club with club rooms, rest rooms, dining room and kitchen. 2--Cuthbert Public School. 3--Pecan grove with field crop growing between trees, 4--Randolph vegetable garden containing beans, corn, beets, lettuce, onions, cabbage, egg plant, sauash. butter beans, peas, spinach, celery, rape, collards, mustards and other vegetables 5-A Randolph County (arm home. 6--June corn, with pine forest m the distance 7--Another typical farm home surrounded by magnificent shade trees.

The state abounds in several varieties of game birds, the shooting of which might be profitable, but protective laws restrict hunting to certain seasons, limiting the number of birds killed by each person and prohibiting their sale or shipment.
Fishing likewise is largely for sport and for home consumption, but there is some commercial fishing along the coast in the Gulf and the Atlantic. Hundreds of rivers, lakes, ponds and creeks are alive with the finny tribe, furnishing sport to thousands during the fishing sea-

The fisheries along the coast furnish employment to several hundred persons In 1927, according to the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, the yield was 34,508,978 pounds of fish and 13,098,346 pounds of shell fish and shrimp. Among the fish caught are shad, red-snapper, sea bass sea trout, groupers and catfish.
The industry is increasing in importance, for, according to published reports in 1929 from Brunswick, there were 2,000 persons emPloyed in that city alone, operating 300 boats and marketing SI 250 000 worth of products each year. The principal fish-producing counties are Oamden, Chatham, Glynn and Mclntosh.
The United States Government maintains a fish hatchery at Warm Springs m Meriwether county and another near Valdosta, Grassy Lake having been purchased for that purpose. Many large lakes and many ponds created by power projects are all stocked with fish.
In the state are probably 40 species of mammals, including bear wolf, fox deer, opossum, mole, raccoon, weasel, skunk, otter, wildcat' salamander, bats, squirrels, rats and mice.
h)l?^ are about 250 sPecies <* birds in Georgia, the principal game birds being wild turkey, now scarce, the partridge or quail, doves and several species of ducks. Pheasants and Mexican quail have been introduced in some sections of the state, just as fish from elsewhere are put into some streams.

Reptiles and amphibians comprise probably 40 or 50 species in Georgia, including many snakes, mostly harmless, the alligator, lizards gopher, turtles, frogs, toads and salamanders
TMhlmf PPUlar SPrt in Ge0rgla is quail snooting, the open season extending from November 20 to March 1 each year. The bag limit

humsmen1! ^ *"' ^ ""* ^ Shting iS alS Ppular witn
.ir^60^ PIOduces watermelons, peaches, pecans, sweet potatoes, ofZZ, fe'commodities in excess of local consumption, yet millions pTM orted eKachfyoeathr.er Products, that could be raised in the state, are im-

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32

GEORGIA'S STATE FLOWER--THE CHEROKEE ROSE

Irish Potatoes, 315 cars of lettuce, 202 cars of celery, 343 cars of cabbage, 257 cars of onions, 113 cars of cantaloupes, 24 cars of strawberries, 37 cars of pears, 150 cars of grapes and 525 cars of apples.
However, the State of Georgia shipped 29,022 cars of fruits and vegetables to points outside the State in 1929. But for the peach crop, the total number of cars would have been greater. Watermelons lead the list with 21,882 cars, peaches come second with a movement of 5,298 cars. There were 407 cars of sweet potatoes, 273 cars of Irish potatoes, 183 cars apples, and 544 cars of string beans, cabbage, cucumbers and peppers. The balance was made up of various other fruits and vegetables.
There are thousands of cars of farm products shipped into the State annually that might be produced on Georgia farms, especially corn, small grains and hay. However, here again Georgia farmers are making marked progress by producing greater food and feed crops each year.
While the State is making rapid progress in the production of poultry and eggs, shipping many carloads of poultry to the East each year, the State still imports vast quantities of chickens and eggs.
In 1929 there was shipped into the State 2,692,697 pounds of cheese; 1,282,547 pounds of butter and 669,064 pounds of butterine and oleomargarine.
The State imported in the same year 1,368,478 pounds of dressed sheep; 10,576,534 pounds of dressed cattle; 1,471,417 pounds of dressed calves; 19,228,295 pounds of lard, and more than 100,000,000 pounds of other meats and meat food products.
In addition to almost three millions of people in Georgia, depending on home or outside markets, there is approximately fifty million people within a radius of 1,000 miles of Georgia who buy their food products largely from other states, and Georgia farms could supply a large portion of these commodities. New York City alone consumes three billion pounds of vegetables, fruit, butter and meats, a billion quarts of milk and one hundred and fifty million dozens of eggs annually, and New York is within 24 hours shipping time from Georgia, with ample transportation facilities from here there.
With excellent ports on the Georgia and Florida coasts and ample shipping facilities from the interior of the State, there are great possibilities in Cuba and South America for certain Georgia products if those markets were developed. Many Georgia hogs are shipped into Cuba each year and when Cuban tariffs on watermelons and peaches are more favorable, these commodities will find ready sale to the island's three million people.
The national wealth per capita in the United States in 1928 was estimated at $3,000. Nevada had the highest per capita, $7,338; Alabama is lowest at $1,284. Georgia's per capita was placed at $1,380, by the National Industrial Conference.
33

Cotton and Cotton
Seed Products
Cotton, the wonder plant of the South, is the leading money crop in Georgia, there being 3,782,000 acres planted in 1929, yielding 1,339,446 bales. The value of the lint and seed from this crop is placed at $122,971,000, which equals the combined value of all other field crops in Georgia.
Georgia ranked as the fourth state in cotton production in 1929, being exceeded by Texas, Mississippi and Arkansas, this in spite of the fact that Georgia has materially reduced cotton acreage, while all other states, with one exception, have made high increases. From 1911 through 1920, Georgia planted more than five million acres in cotton on an average. In 1921 the acreage was reduced to 4,346,000 acres and has remained less than four millions each year since, except in 1926, when 4,025,000 acres were planted.
Cotton and its products are valued annually in Georgia at almost half a billion dollars. Farmers received around $125,000,000 for their seed and lint, textiles mills, employing thousands of persons, use $100,000,000 worth of raw materials, turning out finished products valued at $250,000,000 to $275,000,000.
Cotton seed, which sells annually for from sixteen to nineteen millions of dollars, is crushed in more than a hundred mills, producing products of oil, meal and hulls valued at around $30,000,000 annually.
Cotton has been Georgia's principal farm crop, in importance and value, since the invention of the cotton gin.
Eli Whitney, a native of Massachusetts, while a visitor in the home of the widow of Nathaniel Greene, near Savannah, in 1793, made his first model of a cotton gin, after the needs of such a machine had been brought to his attention by planter friends of Mrs. Greene. With the crudest of tools he constructed his first model, whch was stolen from him before patent rights could be secured. Lord Macaulay declared that "what Peter the Great did to make Russia dominant, Eli Whitney's invention of the cotton gin has more than equaled in its relation to the power and progress of the United States." Thomas Jefferson, then Secretary of State, evinced the greatest interest in Whitney's invention, assuring Whitney a patent would be granted him. Because of the widespread demand for the machine and Whitney's inability to supply the demand, others constructed machines similar to Whitney's and it is said Whitney received little if any material profit from it. However, it is gratifying to know that he was successful in other inventive ventures later on. Whitney, the South's great benefactor, died in New Haven, Conn., in January 1825.
In 1866, immediately following the War Between the States, Georgia produced 205,000 bales of cotton, and, in 1880, the first million-bale crop was marketed. Production ranged near a million bales annually until 1889, when again it exceeded a million bales, dropping below that mark only once, in 1892, when 800,000 bales were picked. From then
34

Georgia scenes. 1--Girl Scouts swimming pool at Cloudland, in Chattooga County. 2--Typical road scene in Sumter County, part of that county's now famous "Memorial Highway," between Americus and Ellaville, on Route Three. 3--A scene on one of the three rivers near Rome. 4--Fishing on Little River in Chattooga County. 5-- The Oostanaula River, near Calhoun. in Gordon County.

until 1911, the crop ranged between one and two million, and for the first time in history the crop passed two millions in 1911 when 2,768,627 bales were ginned, the largest crop ever grown in the history of the State. Four times the crop exceeded two millions, in 1911, 1913, 1914 and 1918.
In 1920 Georgia farmers picked 1,415,129 bales, but the next year boll weevils ravished the crop and production dropped to 787,084 with 714,988 in 1922 and the low mark was reached in 1923 when only 588,236 bales were ginned.
During these three years of weevil devastation, farmers, merchants, bankers and specialists devoted their undivided thought to finding methods for weevil control. Their efforts were awarded in 1924 with a million-bale crop. Intensive cultivation, seed selection, the use of commercial fertilizer and effective methods of poisoning routed the weevil to a large extent. Farmers had learned to produce cotton under weevil conditions and as a result the crop has not dropped below a million bales since 1923.
The average yield of lint cotton in 1929 was 170 pounds per acre as compared with 154 pounds in 1927, and only 82 pounds in 1923, when weevil damage was greatest. However, yields on improved lands will average more than half a bale per acre, or 250 pounds.
High production of cotton on Georgia land is possible when it is recalled that 131 farmers, competing in 71 counties on five-acre contest plots, conducted by the State College of Agriculture, grew an average of 535 pounds of lint, or more than a bale per acre, at an average cost of eight and a third cents a pound.
Production of a finer grade of cotton in Georgia is being aided by the use of improved seed, which produces a longer staple lint, demanded by textile mills
The uses of cotton and cotton seed is almost as varied as the necessities of mankind. Clothing for the human race, material for sacking and packing every known product, foodstuffs for man and beast, explosives for peace and war-time use, are a few of the myriad uses for which the South's staple crop is demanded.
Tobacco, The
"Miracle Plant"
Ranking in importance second only to cotton, bright leaf tobacco has become the "miracle plant" in Georgia, bringing to farmers, in 1929, $16,806,000 for 89,870,000 pounds produced on 110,000 acres.
Beginning with a total production of 350,000 pounds in 1917, and valued at only $80,000, the crop has rapidly increased each successive year. Grown almost entirely in the southern part of the State, the Georgia crop matures earlier than that of other States producing similar grades. The selling season opens about August 1 and continues for approximately 40 days. Georgia leaf is of superior quality
36

and is used in the manufacture of high-grade cigarettes and for fine smoking tobacco.
With advent of the boll weevil, a number of South Georgia farmers turned to tobacco as a substitute and a part of a general plan of diversification. Success was instantaneous, and tobacco, as a cash crop, was adopted by more and more farmers each year. The first warehouse was constructed in 1914. These have increased until now there are in the tobacco section between fifty and sixty warehouses located in twentyodd cities, which purchase the crop produced in about 60 tobaccogrowing counties.
While production of tobacco in large quantities is confined to South Georgia, there are other counties in the northern section of the State also producing the plant in commercial quantities.
The fields are set in the spring from plants grown in beds, which is followed by rapid and intensive cultivation. The tobacco ripens m early summer, is cut and cured and sold. Planting of this weed offers attractive opportunities to many farmers who are following the diversified plan of farming.
Corn Ranks Next Cotton in Acreage
Corn ranks next to cotton in acreage planted in Georgia, the 1929 crop producing 50,453,000 bushels grown on 3,656,000 acres and valued at $44,399,000 at a value of 88 cents a bushel.
It is the one universal crop in the State, being grown in every county and on almost every farm. While practically the entire crop is used on the farm as feed for animals or ground for human consumption, still the farmer with a surplus finds a ready cash market, either in his own neighborhood or in carlot shipments. In 1928, through the Bureau of Markets, farmers disposed of $106,860.64 of surplus corn. Last year less than half this amount was marketed by the bureau for farmers.
Corn is one of the principal food crops for human and animal consumption. Cattle, hogs and poultry consume vast quantities on Georgia farms and hundreds of grist mills grind home supplies of meal for Georgia consumption.
Large yields of corn have been produced in Georgia. Club boys have produced more than 200 bushels on a measured acre. One Georgia boy in 1929, grew 227 bushels on three acres at a cost of 35 cents a bushel Another youngster produced 225 bushels on three acres at a cost of 38 cents a bushel, and still another secured 150 bushels on three acres at a cost of 44 cents. Another winner in the State College of Agriculture's five-acre corn contest grew 131 bushels of corn per acre at a profit of $101 per acre. An average of 65.36 bushels of corn per acre were grown by 109 farmers in another State College of Agricul-
ture contest.
37

Georgia Leads South
In Peach Production
Georgia peaches are famous for their luscious flavor and excellent shipping qualities throughout America and England, the State shipping more of this fruit each year than any other State except California. There are 1,703 commercial peach groves in the State in which are 9,911,376 bearing trees, besides several hundred thousand other trees to be found in the gardens and yards of most of the farms in the State.
The commercial crop varies, in quantity and value. In 1929, 5,298 cars were shipped and the entire crop was vaued at $3,312,000. In 1928 there was shipped 15,926 cars and the value of the crop was $8,100,000. The crop of 1927 was valued at $8,023,000 and 11,882 cars were shipped. In 1926 it required 17,963 cars to transport the Georgia crop.
Georgia has more peach trees than any other Southern state and grows one-third of all peaches sold in the United States.
Recent experiments carried on through the co-operation of the State Bureau of Markets and the Georgia Experiment Station near Griffin, have opened a new method of marketing Georgia peaches. By the use of "dry ice" it is expected that eventually milhons of bushels of the choicest peaches will be packed in tins, stored and sold at any time during the year. This method preserves the rich, juicy, delicious flavor of the ripe peach, together with its original color and form.
Many thousands of bushels of Georgia peaches are canned annually near the groves, crated and shipped to the large consuming centers. Canning and freezing, it is predicted, will absorb a large part of the surplus crop in future years.
Georgia farmers are pioneers in peach growing, the most important varieties are the ones that were propagated in this State. The Elberta, famed the world over for its beauty and flavor, was propagated by Samuel Rumph at Mars hallville, in Macon County. This popular variety was followed by the propagation of the Georgia Belle by Lewis H. Rumph, also of Marshallville. Later the Hiley Belle was produced by the Hiley family of which Eugene W. Hiley, of Fort Valley, was the leader.
Other varieties, some of which were propagated in Georgia, grown in large quantities include the Carmen, Early Rose, Uneeda, Hale, Mayflower, Red Bird, Alton and Brackett.
The peach orchards of middle Georgia cover a vast area and there are also large commercial orchards in northeast and northwest Georgia. The early varieties ripen in May and after they are shipped, the heavy season comes in June and July. The Elbertas are among the last to ripen and move to market.
The ripe peaches are gathered in baskets and carried to a packing shed where they are graded according to standards and packed into boxes and baskets. The baskets are packed in bulk, while the boxes contain six small baskets. They are then loaded into refrigerator cars and are rushed to market for sale. New York is the largest consumer of Georgia peaches, more than 4,000 cars being eaten in that city each year. Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Massachusetts and Illinois each consume more than 1,000 cars annually.
38

Mitchell County scenes. 1--One of the two tobacco warehouses, at Pelham. 2-- Corn, producing 50 bushels per acre. 3--Threshing peanuts. 4--Pelham Peanut Co. s shelling plant, erected in 1929. 5--Loading Mitchell County's watermelon crop, largely sold co-operatively. 6--Baling wool from Mitchell County's 5.000 sheep 7--Plant of Pelham Phosphate Co. 8-Grinding sugar cane on Mitchell farm. 9--Mitchell farmers selling poultry to pick-up oars.

Pecan Crop Worth
Million to Growers
The paper shell pecan is a nut that was developed largely in Georgia and which has become famous, not only in America, but also in foreign lands. The original pecan was an ordinary nut growing wild in the nver swamps and on farms of the South until the seedling was developed into the paper shell variety. The first commercial orchards were planted less than 30 years ago.
While a majority of the counties of the State contain some pecan trees, the commercial orchards are confined almost exclusively to south Georgia, Albany being known as the "Pecan center of the World." In the Albany area and in other sections of the State, much land is given over entirely to pecan growing, while approximately 100,000 acres are set m pecans in Georgia, yielding from five to seven million pounds in favorable years and valued in some years as high as $1,900,000. Occasional adverse seasons have cut the crop in half.
Pecan culture has become a science with Georgia growers and the nut is recognized as one of the most valuable grown in America. Pecans are not only eaten in their natural state as a food, but large quantities are used m the manufacture of confections.
Pecan trees are propagated by nurseries and the small trees, costing from 75 cents to $2.00 each, are transplanted, about 20 to the acre and thinned out as they grow older and cover the ground too thickly. Trees begin to bear from five years and up, depending upon the variety and they usually come into full bearing when 12 to 15 years old. While the young trees are growing, the land may be planted in other crops, there bemg no loss on the land while the trees are growing large enough to
063,1*.
The yield from a well-cared for pecan orchard is 500 pounds and up per acre which sell for from 20 cents to 60 cents per pound. The nuts are gathered in the fall, graded and shipped to all parts of the United Mates for sale. The crop for the most part is marketed co-operatively.
A small pecan grove not only furnishes the grower with a delectable nut, but also often furnishes him a surplus income, as single trees have been known to bear $100.00 worth of nuts in a single year

Peanuts Planted Since Colonial Days

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40

Virginia, North Carolina and Alabama grow peanuts in large quantities.
Peanuts yield a three-fold crop--the peanuts for commercial purposes and for live stock and the vines for hay. For a number of years peanuts were planted on Georgia farms as a part of the crop program and when matured, hogs were turned into the fields and allowed to graze upon them, only a few bushels for home eating being harvested.
With the discovery of the many products that may be obtained from the peanut, such as oil, butter and meal, the growth of this crop has been greatly increased in the State. The use of peanuts in confections has also made great gains within the last few years and roasted peanuts are eaten in large quantities. As the farmers have engaged more extensively in hog and cattle raising, peanuts have been planted more heavily each year because of their value for grazing and hay.
It is estimated that every three acres of peanuts will yield one ton of hay, valued at $16 to $20 a ton. Tests show two pounds of peanuts will produce a pound of pork when hogs are allowed to run in peanut fields. Many farmers let their hogs fatten on peanuts and then "finish" them off by feeding them corn and other feeds before they are sold or slaughtered.
Peanuts for commercial purposes are grown principally in middle and south Georgia, there being a number of warehouses in those sections in which they may be stored. They are planted in March and April and require light cultivation. They are harvested in the fall and are usually stacked in the field or housed until thoroughly dry and ready for market. Peanuts have sold for $75.00 per ton.
Peanut growing offers attractive opportunities to farmers because the whole plant may be utilized and because of the increased demand for the nut.
Sweet Potatoes Unusual Crop
Georgia leads every State in the Union in the production of the famous and delectable sweet potato, of which the Georgia Yam is preferable to all other varieties. Sweet potatoes flourish in every county in the State, around 9,000,000 bushels being harvested annually from 110,000 to 120,000 acres. The value of the 1929 crop was $9,424,000.
The Yam is nutritious and easily digested, containing proteins, fats, sugar and carbo-hydrates. Sweet potatoes may be baked, boiled, fried and candied in numerous ways. The State Department of Agriculture has for distribution a booklet, "Fifty Recipes for Cooking the Famous Georgia Yam", thousands of which have been mailed on request to every section of the United States.
Not requiring overly rich soil nor expensive fertilizer, sweet potatoes are not expensive to produce. They are grown from "slips" trans-
41

planted in the early spring. Harvesting begins in June and continues until fall. Large quantities are Mln dried, which rids them of surplus moisture, whereby they may be kept almost indefinitely for home use or shipping.
The sale of sweet potato slips is an important industry in sections of South Georgia. It is estimated that Georgia plant growers sell from half a billion to a billion slips annually, producing an income of from $500,000 to $750,000 a year. The State has a virtual monopoly on plant production.
The sweet potato, a native of the American tropics, was one of the first vegetables mentioned by early writers. Spanish and Portugese explorers distributed them throughout the tropics and early American settlers introduced them into the colonies prior to 1560.
There are 40 distinct varieties, ten of which are of commercial importance. The yam is the most delightful of all varieties, being preferred in the South and the North and West rapidly are discovering its superiority over the white or "Jersey sweet" varieties.
Georgia Leads
U. S. in Watermelons
No State in the Union approaches Georgia in watermelon production, in 1929 Georgia shipping one-half of the entire early crop. Watermelons stand out in the minds of the nation as a peculiarly Georgia product, having made the State famous because of their delicious flavor, superb sweetness and beauty.
Beginning the latter part of June, train loads of Georgia watermelons begin moving into the large consuming centers of the nation, and continuing through August and early September.
Watermelons are grown in all sections of the State, but the acreage devoted to commercial melons is confined to middle and South Georgia. In 1929 the State planted 69,240 acres to this crop, producing 23,542 carloads, valued at $3,531,000. An average of 340 melons per acre was gathered and of the state production, 21,881 cars were shipped, the balance being used or sold in near-by markets.
Florida ships about 10,000 cars of early melons and other melon producing states ship five thousand or less.
Melons are easily grown, thriving on light loamy soil. They grow rapidly with comparatively little cultivation after seed is planted, are picked as they ripen, loaded into cars and rushed to markets over the United States.
The opening of the melon season is an event throughout the Union, their arrival being hailed with delight by people of all races and conditions.
Following the melon crop, peas usually are planted as a second crop, producing a luxurious crop of peavine hay, which is gathered for winter use.
42

Glynn County scenes. 1 -Giant live oaks, with Glynn County home in background. 2--Glynn County courthouse grounds in Brunswick, during annual flower show. 3--Part of dairy herd on Hofwyl plantation. 4--Part of Gardner's Gardens dairy herd. 5 and 6--White Leghorn layers on Boat Haven leghorn farm. 7 and 8-- Hogs grazing on cut-over oats and vetch fields in Glynn County.

Irish Potatoes In Every County
On practically every farm in Georgia, Irish or white potatoes are grown, principally for home consumption. A total of 20,000 acres, with a yield of 1,572,000 bushels, valued at $2,201,000, was p oduced in 1929.
Only 1,550 acres were planted for commercial purposes in 1929, producing 225,000 bushels. Unlimited possibilities are offered in Georgia for this crop, hundreds of carloads of Irish potatoes being imported each year for Georgia consumption.
Few fall potatoes are grown and the spring crop is disposed of soon after gathering in the spring.
^V ild and Tame Hay Production Insufficient
The soil and climate of Georgia are well adapted to the production of all grasses and much hay is gathered each year, though not enough to supply local consumption. Thousands of tons of hay are imported annually. The 1929 hay crop was valued at $7,078,000, a total of 437,000 tons being grown on 710,000 acres.
Bermuda and other native grasses, grown with peas and other legumes, such as alfalfa, soy beans, velvet beans and clover, produce a splendid yield of hay. Alfalfa grows luxuriantly in Georgia, several cuttings being obtained each season, with re-seeding not often required. Beans also are planted with such crops as corn and are generally used for grazing livestock.
Approximately 11,000 acres of soy beans were planted in Georgia in 1929 the yield being 110,000 bushels valued .at $308,000, and used for seed or feeds.
The value of the cowpea crop in Georgia in 1929 was $2,226,000, a total of 968,000 bushels being produced on 121,000 acres.
Peas are regarded as a splendid soil building crop and are planted on lands from which grain has been harvested.
A number of varieties of peas are grown in the State for table use, furnishing an important item of food on Georgia farms, as well as in the cities.
Blind Tom, one of the world's most noted musical prodigies, was a Georgia negro. Another Georgia negro, a native of Rome, holds the distinction of being the first of his race to be elected mayor of a city, the negro having won that office in Battersea, England. Roland Hayes, another Rome negro, has won international fame with his voice.
44

Millions of Bushels
Of Oats Produced On a majority of farms in every county in Georgia, oats are grown,
mostly for feeding purposes. In 1929 on 424,000 acres of land, farmers produced 9,540,000 bushels, valued at $7,632,000, almost doubling pro-
duction in 1928. Oats are used almost exclusively in feeding livestock, the grain being
harvested in the spring, long before corn is mature, thus providing feed for stock during the warm months.
Most farmers sow oats in the fall, although many acres are planted as late as February, especially if the fall crop is injured or killed by freezes. May and June are the harvest months, individual or community reapers being used, on the whole, to harvest the crop. The grain is usually shocked in the field or housed awaiting the threshing machines, which come during the summer months, after the other crops have been "laid by," and there is a lull in farm work. Many farmers own their own threshers, while others haul their gram to a
community machine. Many farmers plant peas in the fields after the oats are harvested
and a fine yield of peas and hay is gathered in the fall. Much late corn is also planted following oats.
Wheat and Rye In Many Counties
Rye and wheat are grown in many Georgia counties, the value of the two crops in 1929 being $1,641,000. In wheat, 85,000 acres were planted, producing 850,000 bushels, valued at $1,318,000, and 18,000 acres in rye, producing 171,000 bushels, was valued at $323,000.
Very little rye is planted in Georgia for commercial purposes, because, most of the acreage is used for grazing. A small rye patch close to the home furnishes excellent grazing ground during the winter for livestock and poultry. Rye is often cut before it heads and fed to stock
and cattle. There are a number of community flour mills located throughout
the State which convert wheat into flour for the farmers for home consumption. There are several large flour mills in the State that use quantities of wheat grown in Georgia in milling flour for commercial
purposes. Wheat grown in Georgia is of a hardy variety and compares favorably
with that grown in the larger wheat growing states. There is a great opportunity for wheat growing in the State, not
only for home consumption, but also for sale, as the Georgia mills are anxious to buy Georgia grown wheat. Thousands of barrels of flour are shipped into the State each year for consumption, which might as well be produced on Georgia lands.
45

Some Rice is
Produced
While little attention has been given to rice production in Georgia for several years, there is a tendency on the part of farmers on the coastal lands to revive the industry. It is estimated that around 3,000 acres are planted in rice, producing a crop valued at $60,000.
Rice was formerly grown extensively in Georgia, 19,000 acres being planted in 1890, the yield being 15,000,000 pounds or 800 pounds an acre. In 1900 the production dropped to 7,500,000 pounds and since that time production has steadily decreased.
Sugar Cane and
Sorghum Sirup
The income from sirup in Georgia in 1929 was $5,715,000, the value of the sorghum being $1,755,000 and sugar cane sirup $3,960,000.
Georgia leads every other state in the value of its sugar cane sirup, notwithstanding the fact that Louisiana produces more gallons. Louisiana's cane sirup was valued in 1929 at 55 cents a gallon, while Georgia's product for the same year was valued at 75 cents.
Sorghum cane is produced extensively in North Georgia where seasons are too short for sugar cane to mature before frost. It is made into sorghum sirup, just as sugar cane in South Georgia.
In 1929 26,000 acres were planted in sorghum, producing 1,950,000 gallons, valued at $1,755,000.
Grady County leads all counties in the State in the production of sugar cane. It is the center of the sirup industry and more pure cane sirup is shipped from Cairo, the county seat of Grady, than any other point in the world.
In 1929 there was 33,000 acres planted in the State, producing 5,280,000 gallons of cane sirup, valued at $3,960,000. In Louisiana, the same year, 24,000 acres were planted in sugar cane, producing 7,117,000 gallons, valued at $3,914,000. It is pointed out, however, that Louisiana cane is used in the manufacture of sugar, while the Georgia crop goes into pure cane sirup. Mississippi produced in 1929 5,000,000 gallons and Alabama 2,125,000 gallons of cane sirup.
The counties adjacent to Grady also produce much sirup which is put into cans and barrels, labeled and marketed co-operatively all over the United States. Every container sold must bear the label "Georgia Cane Syrup."
Sugar cane is grown on practically all farms in middle and south Georgia for use in making the family supply of syrup. The cane grows to a height of five feet and more and is cut before frost and local mills grind the cane and convert the juice into syrup by boiling it in "evaporators" and kettles.
Much of the cane is also sold in its natural state for chewing, Atlanta alone consuming more than 50 cars of sugar cane each fall.
46

Gilmer County scenes. 1--River view in Gilmer. 2--Gilmer highway, graded and top-soiled. 3--One of county's mineral springs. 4--Corn and hay growing on rich bottom lands of Gilmer. 5--Part of lumber plant near Ellijay. 6--A Gilmer County high school. 7--Apple packing shed at Mountain View. Apples from these orchards have won 25 state and national prizes and are unexcelled in color and flavor. 8-Scene in a Gilmer apple orchard that hasn't failed to bear a crop in 18 years.

Georgia Apples, a Million Dollar Crop
The value of Georgia's commercial apple crop fluxuates from one to one and half million dollars, depending on seasonal and marketing conditions. In 1929, the crop of 680,000 bushels was valued at $952,000, while the crop of 1,400,000, in 1928, reached $1,540,000.
Since colonial days, apples have been included in most of the Georgia home orchards and there are approximately two million trees bearing fruit in the State. However, it is but a few years since the crop was recognized as a commercial factor in the State's agricultural scheme.
The larger commercial orchards are located in the northeast and northwest sections of the State, Rabun and Habersham Counties leading in the number of commercial orchards.
The apple, sometimes called "the King of Fruits," is said to have the largest consumption of any fruit in the world, and varieties grown in Georgia are taking a prominent place in the nation's apple markets.
The mountain foot-hills of North Georgia, with their heavy rainfall, are particularly adapted to apple culture and large investments in orchards have been made by Georgia citizens and others in that section.
An experiment station is maintained by the Department of Agriculture, under the supervision of the State Board of Entomology, at Cornelia, for the purpose of combatting diseases and insect pests that may attack the vast apple orchards in that part of the State.
About 80 per cent of the apples sold in Georgia are marketed cooperatively, after having been properly graded and packed according to Georgia standards.
Pears, Quince, Plums and Apricots
Most of the principal fruits may be found in Georgia home orchards, producing largely for home consumption. However, surpluses are profitably sold in near-by markets. Pears each year are valued at from $200,000 to $250,000, and are grown in all sections of the State. A few years ago, pears were grown extensively, but blight caused interest in the fruit to wane. However, a few commercial orchards have been set out in recent years.
Quince, plums, apricots, satsuma oranges, grapes of many varieties, Japanese persimmons and other fruits are found in the home orchards of the State, often bearing heavily of these delightful fruits.
Twenty-three of the 26 commercially profitable minerals in the United States exist in Barrow County, and other portions of the State are rich in mineral resources.
48

Georgia's Commercial
Truck Crops
Georgia's commercial truck crops are increasing in value and importance from year to year. As new industrial plants begin operation in our cities, towns and villages, there are many thousands of workers who must depend on Georgia farmers for their vegetables, fruits, berries, dairy and poultry products, thus opening new and larger markets for the sale of Georgia products.
The ten principal truck crops grown in the State for shipping and canning show a 29 per cent increase in value in 1929 compared with 1928. Better yields and higher prices for asparagus, cucumbers, Irish potatoes, cabbage, cantaloupes, pimientos and watermelons account for the greater total value. On the other hand, snap beans, strawberries and tomatoes showed a decided decrease in production in 1929.
Estimates quoted in the statistical part of this edition are for truck grown for shipping and commercial canning and DO NOT include the vast amount of truck used for home consumption, sold to trucks, or transported by truck or wagon to adjacent markets in the cities or towns of the State.
There is an immediate demand and a real opportunity for Georgia farmers in supplying the ever-increasing consumption in the State for truck, fruits and berries. The very fact that Atlanta alone in 1929 imported several thousand carloads of such products from outside the State is proof that a market does exist and can be supplied if the correct type of commodity is grown, properly packed and placed on the market when the demand exists.
Pimiento peppers, grown for canning, is an industry that has come to the front in recent years in several middle Georgia counties. Truck growers living near Griffin are given credit for developing the "Perfection Pimiento Pepper", after long experimentation, and it is this variety that is grown principally.
In 1929 there was 6,900 acres devoted to the crop, producing 12,350 tons, valued at $434,000 as compared with 7,500 tons in 1928 valued at $290,000.
The industry is largely confined to the counties of Spalding, Butts, Henry, Lamar, Upson, Jasper, Monroe, Clayton, Pike and Meriwether. Factories, canning the pepper pods, located at Griffin, Jackson and Woodbury, produce between eight and ten million cans annually, the finished product being marketed in every section of the United States.
Growing pimiento peppers has been so successful, that other counties are beginning to produce them, and pepper growing promises to become even a more important industry in the near future.
Hot beds are planted in February from which growers transplant in fields during April and as late as July 10th. Peppers are cultivated similar to cotton, the rows being about the same width, the plants being set in the drill and fertilized with a high grade commercial fertilizer. A bed on which is planted a half pound of seed will grow enough plants to set one acre of land, about 5,000 plants being set to the acre.
49

Western Canners Eyes Are On Georgia
In recent months, "scouts" representing gigantic canners of the West have made surveys in Georgia for their concerns, determining the possibility of securing sufficient production of certain products, studying soil, labor and transportation conditions, for the purpose of locating large canneries in this State.
Many of these "scouts" have visited the State Department of Agriculture in their search for facts and it is from these conversations that it is learned that Western canners have their eyes on Georgia. They have found some Georgia products to be superior to those in the West and others equal to Western commodities. They have found adequate labor supplies, ideal soil and climatic conditions, and a nearness to Eastern markets mean large savings in transportation cost.
More and more, people in the cities are living out of cans, the demand for canned goods increasing annually and this must be supplied. Unquestionably, it seems, Georgia is destined in the near future to rank as one of the principal canning centers of the nation. Already, thousands of crates of a few products are being successfully canned and other products will be added to the list.
Vegetables, Fruits, Berries And Flowers Abound
Vegetables, fruits and flowers of many varieties thrive in Georgia, the soil and climate being especially suited to their luxuriant growth!
Many vegetables are not only grown in the gardens for home consumption, but large quantities of cabbages, turnips, tomatoes, onions, collards and seed, asparagus, lettuce, okra, carrots, peas, cucumbers,' string beans, cantaloupes, Irish potatoes, beets, radishes, squash, greens and peppers are grown for commercial purposes. From 500 to 1,000 cars of vegetables are shipped from Georgia each year, in addition to the large quantities trucked to local markets. Gross income from $500 to $1,000 an acre is reported from some of the truck farms in Georgia.
Not only do the home gardens furnish fresh vegetables for dailyconsumption, but vast quantities are canned by the busy housewife for winter use.
No Georgia home garden is complete without its patch of strawberries, blackberries and dewberries. Home orchard abound in all of the fruits, including peaches, apples, pears, plums, figs, quince, apricots, currants, grapes, pecans, muscadines, persimmons and usually the inviting shade of the scuppernong arbor, laden with fruit is nearby.
On the farm or in nearby woods wild blackberries are gathered for fresh fruit and canning. Growing wild in many sections of the State are walnuts, hickorynuts, chestnuts and chinquepins.
50

Cobb County scenes. 1-- Cne of Cobb's consolidated schools. 2--Cobb County 4-H boys at Camp Wilkins. 3- Cobb farmers on county tour, studying alfalfa production. 4- Scene on Cobb county fair grounds at Jersey sale. 5--Champion Guernsey bulls owned by Cobb County farmers and shown at county fair. 6 and 7--Cobb County products on exhibition at fair at Marietta.

Flowers of many hue are grown to some extent around practically all farm houses in the State and much time is given to the cultivation of flowers in gardens and yards. Native flowers grown in Georgia are hardly rivaled in beauty by those of any other State. Bulb growing for commercial purposes is also getting to be an important industry on the coast section of Georgia, bulbs grown there rivaling those imported, florists say.
Georgia farmers may grow any edible plant produced in America, it being possible to obtain vegetables from Georgia gardens every month in the year, if a variety of seeds suited to different seasons are planted.
Honey, A Million Pound Industry
Georgia leads all the Southern States in the production of honey, both in quantity and quality, producing annually a rnillion pounds for home consumption or sale. More than 3,000 persons are engaged in bee-keeping and its allied branches, caring for probably 200,000 colonies. As a commercial industry it is assuming greater proportions each year, many apiarists coming to the State because of the exceptionally favorable conditions existing here. The mild climate is favorable to the life of bees and also furnishes long blooming seasons for plants from which honey is gathered.
The industry has its own organ, "The Dixie Beekeeper," published at Waycross by J. J. Wilder, a leader and enthusiastic pioneer in his chosen field.
Bee-keeping has a brilliant future in the State. The bee disease law is controlling disease and safeguarding the business. The industry is confined to no special section, which shows that bees thrive all over Georgia. Citizens of this State eat much honey, but on account of the rapid development of bee-keeping in Georgia within the last few years, more honey is produced in the State than is consumed, consequently large shipments of honey are made to other states.
Georgia honey is fine in body, color and flavor and will not granulate , but will keep indefinitely in warm and cold climates. Beginning in the mountains of North Georgia and extending to the coastal plains, Georgia abounds in honey-producing plants, which include the nectarsecreting plants of the mountains to the field-crops and flowers throughout the State.
The first settlers of Georgia found bees here and honey is said to have been the only sweets of the Indians that inhabited the land. Among the large trees of the Georgia swamps today can be found portions of trees gnawed open by honey-eating bears many centuries ago, which proves that bees have existed in this State for a long time, the
52

flora of this section being especially favorable'forbees and honey making.
The first settlers kept the bees in log gums and domesticated them and with the advent of sawmills, hives were made of lumber. This method continued about a century or until about 40 years ago, when modern movable frame hives came into use which caused this industry to make substantial gains in the State.
Marketing is Key to Successful Farming
The great problem facing agriculture in Georgia, as well as in every other State of the Union, is marketing at a profit the commodities produced on the farm. Ability to produce has outdistanced availability to market. In every line of merchandizing, individual selling is being surplanted by mass distribution. Georgia farmers realize this fact and are turning to co-operative distribution of their products. Community hog sales, poultry pick-up cars and various co-operative farm organizations are solving this most vexing problem.
Through the State Bureau of Markets, millions of dollars worth of farm commodities are sold and through strictly farmers organizations most of Georgia's farm products find their way to the consumer.
Among the principal crops marketed co-operatively in the State are cotton, melons, peaches, apples, pecans, cane sy up, sweet potatoes, hogs, poultry and other farm commodities.
The Department of Agriculture is always ready to lend its assistance in the formation of farm organizations, when so requested by those interested.
Okefenokee Swamp, A National Wonder
Rivaling in interest the Dismal Swamp of Virginia and the Everglades of Florida, the Okefenokee Swamp in Georgia shares fame with Stone Mountain as a natural wonder of the State. Occupying sections of three south Georgia counties, Charlton, Ware and Clinch, and parts of northern Florida counties, and covering an area of approximately 500,000 acres, this swamp is the largest fresh water swamp east of the Mississippi river, with the exceptions of the Everglades. It is about 40 miles long and 26 miles wide, with the line separating Georgia and Florida running through it.
Two rivers, the St. Marys and the Suwanee, the latter famed in the song, "Down Upon the Suwanee Bibber", have their source in the swamp and in the wealth of its historic associations, the beauty of its scenery and the richness and diversity of its plant, animal and bird life, it has no counterpart in America.
53

Georgia Soils Are Adapted to Every Crop
Georgia has soils adapted to every crop suited to the climate, and a variety of soils is found in the three distinct areas that divide the State-- the mountainous section in the north, the Piedmont area in middle north Georgia and the Coastal Plain area that takes in practically all of south Georgia.
In north Georgia may be found a variety of soils, brown and red loam, silicious and sandy soils in the table or mountain lands, either gray or yellow and more or less gravelly, while alluvial soils predominate in the valleys. A number of shales underlie vast areas in north Georgia and many of the gravelly lands have a clay sub-soil. The table lands are especially suited to vegetable and fruit growing, while all farm crops thrive in the valleys.
The "Red Hills of Georgia" are found principally in middle and north Georgia and the lands include both, red sandy and red clayey soils. The red soils which are caused by the decomposition of certain minerals, have a more or less deep red-clay subsoil. The surface of the red lands is usually hilly or rolling, these soils being well suited to fruit growing, the soil giving the fruit delicious flavor and rich color.
Many red lands are also found in the northern section of the Coastal Plain belt. These lands, while containing more sand than the red areas farther north, are of red-clay formation, associated generally with silicious shell rocks, with a heavy subsoil of clay loam. The pine belt soil is sandy with generally a clayey subsoil, underlaid by white limestone, with red clay loam in some localities.
The wiregrass region of south Georgia covers an area of about 10,000 square miles, the surface of which is generally level, underlaid in sections by sandstone. The soil is pebbly and loamy with a clay and sand subsoil.
The coast lands have a dark loamy soil with a clayey subsoil. These lands are especially adapted to truck growing and yields from $500.00 to $1,000.00 an acre are being reported from the truck farms in the Coast area.
Soil surveys have been made of a number of counties in the different sections of the State, copies of which may be obtained upon request from the Georgia Department of Agriculture, Atlanta, or the State College of Agriculture, Athens.
The total realized income of the people of the United States for 1928, according to the Wall Street Journal, was $89,419,000,000 as compared with $60,408,000,000 in 1918 and $31,430,000,000 in 1910. Agriculture produced less than ten per cent of the 1928 income as compared with 18.5 per cent in 1918.
54

ng
Georgia Farmers Receiving Enormous Cash Income from Hogs, Poultry and Dairying; Industry Increasing in Interest and Importance as an Agricultural Factor.
The value of the 2,636,000 head of livestock, on Georgia farms January 1, 1930, was estimated to be $77,125,000, as compared with $76,518,000 on January 1,1929, an increase in value of $607,000. However, it should be born in mind that "livestock on the farm," does not include livestock produced and sold during the year. That there has been a vast increase in livestock produced for sale is shown by the co-operative sales of hogs in Georgia. Figures compiled from reports made to the State Bureau of Markets show that sales of hogs during 1929 increased approximately 25 per cent as compared with sales in 1928.
The figures compiled as of January 1, 1930, show a decrease of 2,000 in the number of horses and horse colts, there being 37,000 valued at $2,826,000. Mules and mule colts show an increase of from 344,000 in 1928 to 347,000 Jan. 1, 1929, valued at $36,355,000.
All cows and calves, including milk cows, heifers and others numbered 846,000 as compared with 820,000, an Increase of 26,000 in number. Their value Jan. 1, 1930, was placed at $26,545,000.
There were 1,154,000 hogs on the farms Jan. 1, 1930, valued at $10,890,000 as compared with $10,117,000 Jan. 1, 1929 for 1,228,000 head. This shows an increase in value, despite a decrease in numbers. Because of better values, farmers sold then herds down to fewer numbers in 1929 than in 1928.
The 49,000 sheep and lambs on the farms Jan. 1, 1930, were valued at $205,000, an increase of $15,000, and 200,000 goats on the farms were valued at $300,000.
That livestock raising in Georgia is on the upgrade, steadily and surely, is shown in the figures quoted above. The decrease in horses and horse colts is accounted for through the fact that the horse is giving way to the automobile.
While tractors and improved machinery are found on Georgia farms, mules and horses, especially the former, are used principally in crop cultivation. It is estimated that there were 6,194 tractors on farms in the State in 1928.
Dairying And
Cattle Raising. There is a decided tendency to turn to cattle raising, especially in
the southern part of the State, where grazing is possible the year round. This industry has proven profitable in many instances cited to the department.
The little dairy cow, called the "Mother of Prosperity", is occupying more and more, an important place on Georgia farms as her real worth
55

tthhrrmou)gXh ?thLe *$1?,TM 500,0n0n0nCdHneevse,l-opml~e9nPt *o.fT#attneeMnouumntearinouEsstamteosu. nt2a-iAn nsottrheearmsscenfleowfroinmg the same development in Pickens County. 3-Georgla marble being auaSed at TS^ 4-The famous Bok Carillon, at Lake Wales. Fla.. constructed ofTickets cWty marble.

is recognized. She, perhaps, is the farmer's best animal friend, for literally she turns grass and grains into milk and flesh, supplying milk, cream and butter for the farmer's home and all surplus finds a ready cash market in almost every county.
Registered pure-bred breeding stock is being rapidly introduced in many counties. Splendid results are meeting the efforts of the boys and girls calf clubs in spreading the gospel of better quality stock, and increased urban population, with a decrease of farm population, opens larger markets for Georgia dairymen.
Cattle raising always has been a part of Georgia's farm program, but little attention was given until recent years to improved herds. However, there are now hundreds of pure-bred herds owned by Georgia farmers and dairymen and the sale of cream, sweet milk and sour cream is an important industry in the State.
Cream stations and creameries are located in almost every county in the State, with routes established, the farmers often selling their dairy products at the door, or marketing cream and feeding skimmed milk to hogs and poultry.
Dairy products in Georgia are valued annually at $20,000,000.
Natural and Bermuda grass pastures are green over the State several months in the year and year-round grazing is practical, especially in South Georgia. The State abounds in excellent grazing lands.
Permanent pastures are easily provided by seeding with such grasses as Carpet, Lespedeza and Dallis grass. Supplementing this with fallsown grains, alfalfa and other legumes, cheap year-round grazing may be obtained, hay and other home-grown concentrates furnishing feed during the winter months or during the time the pastures may be lean or bare.
In devoting much land to pastures, Georgia farmers not only reap a harvest from the sale of dairy products but at the same time are building up their land by pasturing livestock upon it.
With an abundance of pure water, and other natural advantages, and with the stamping out of cattle ticks in Georgia coupled with the intensive fight that is now being made by the state Veterinary department to eliminate entirely or curb perceptibly tuberculosis and other diseases, cattle raising in Georgia, both for beef and dairy purposes, faces a bright future.
The total farm population of the United States, on January 1, 1930, is estimated at 27,222,000, according to the U. S. Department of Agriculture. The estimated movement away from the farm during 1929 was 1,876,000, while the estimated movement of people from town to farm was 1,257,000. Thus, the net movement of population away from farms last year 619,000, the heaviest in three years.
57

Sheep and Goats on Georgia Farms.
Sheep raising in Georgia is not confined, to any special section, but is carried on in various parts of the State on a small scale. There were 49,000 sheep and lambs on Georgia farms Jan. 1,1930, valued at $205,000, a gratifying increase over the year before.
While no especial attention is given to raising goats in the State, the number is estimated at 200,000 and valued at $300,000. For the most part, goats run at large in the timber and cut-over lands and on the larger farms throughout South Georgia. Several carloads of kids are sold each year at prices that are satisfactory in most instances.
The goat is a good forager, providing for himself without the necessity of special care as to food or pasture.
Great opportunity lies in the development of the sheep and goat industry, there being an increasing demand for lambs and kids. As livestock raising becomes more general over the State, the lamb and kid industry is expected to receive more serious attention. Clubs among the boys and girls on the farms is spreading much valuable information and interest in these two commodities is increased among the adults on the farms.
Hog Sales Supply Farmers Pay Rolls
There were 1,154,000 head of hogs on Georgia farms Jan. 1, 1930, valued at $10,894,000, an increase of $777,000 over the previous year, despite a decrease of 74,000 in number of head. Due to higher values, farmers decreased their herds to a lower number in 1929 than in 1928.
With the introduction of pure-bred stock, elimination of cholera by consistent vaccination and reasonable sanitation, along with the organization of community sales, hog raising in Georgia has increased and continues to increase by leaps and bounds. In some sections, monthly sales of hogs are providing farmers cash with which to meet monthly payrolls, making them independent of banks and bankers.
Ton-litter contests and pig clubs conducted by the county agents under the supervision of the State College of Agriculture have increased interest and proven that swine production is profitable, when scientifically conducted.
Officials of the State Department of Agriculture predict that even greater stimulus will be given the industry with the operation of pickup hog cars, running on the same principal as the pick-up poultry cars, which have caused poultry production to assume enormous proportions over the State. A few pick-up hog cars already have been operated by the Bureau of Markets and county agents and in every instance proved successful. It is expected that with the full co-operation of
58

Lowndes County scenes. 1--A Lowndes County herd of dairy cattle, furnishing creameries at Valdosta with milk. 2--A road scene, wide, smooth and top-soiled for all-year traffic. 3--Garnering wheat in Lowndes. 4--Corn and velvet beans, yielding 34 bushels of corn and a ton of beans per acre on Lowndes farm, photographed August 10th. 5--Tobacco, seven feet high and perfect Quality, grown in Lowndes. 6--One of Valdosta's tobacco warehouses, filled to capacity by Lowndes farmers.

the railroads, pick-up hog cars will be available to any section of the State.
The "razor-back" type of hog has disappeared in South Georgia, where pure-bred stock has been substituted by farmers, breeding for home use as well as for sale purposes. However, the industry has not made the same progress in the northern portion of the State, due largely to inaccessibility of markets and the absence of paved roadsT But rapid changes are taking place in that section and Georgia soon will witness the complete elimination of the "razor-back."
Some idea of the progress being made in swine production is seen m sales figures compiled by the Bureau of Markets. During the first four months of 1930 cash sales of hogs reported to the Bureau of Markets amounted to $677,943.31. In the 12-month period of 1929 hog sales reported were $705,359.54 as compared with $586,227.18 in 1928. Enormous as they are, these figures do not represent total community or co-operative sales, since many such sales conducted are not reported to the Bureau of Markets.
Large packing plants located at Atlanta, Macon, Moultrie, and Savannah absorb vast numbers of Georgia hogs, and others are purchased for shipment into Cuba and the packing centers east of the Mississippi river.
That swine breeding is yet a long way from the saturation point in Georgia is shown by the vast tonnage of pork and pork products imported annually into the State. In 1929, there was shipped into the State 45,088,956 pounds of dry salt pork meats, 19,228,295 pounds of lard, 2,192,344 pounds of barreled pork and 2,964,619 pounds of sausage. However, these figures are offset to some extent by the number of cars of hogs exported to other states.
Import figures are cited as proof that Georgia farmers may safely increase hog production, for the State is a long way from producing enough to suppy its own demands and the fact that the State is exporting hundreds of cars of hogs to other states, shows that Georgia farmers have large outside markets anxious to purchase Georgia raised hogs.
The mild climate, especially in South Georgia, makes expensive housing unnecessary. Spring and summer pastures afford excellent grazing from early spring until late fall, when hogs are turned into the fields of peanuts, corn and velvet beans, for final "fattening" before killing or marketing, and winter grazing pastures are available in many sections of the State.
Farrowing is conducted so that pigs may be ready for sale during the early months of the year or in the late fall or winter months, when demand is greatest.
Most farmers slaughter hogs for home consumption during the first cold days of winter, curing the meat at home. If the weather is too mild, ice is usually available at near-by towns or meats may be placed in nearby cold storage plants.
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Poultry, A Forty
Million Dollar Industry
Poultry raising in Georgia offers unlimited possibilities, both for the professional poultryman who concentrates on it alone and the farmer who maintains a reasonably large flock for home consumption and a supply for regular monthly sales. While the industry has assumed surprising proportion in the past few years, the State still consumes vastly more eggs and poultry than it produces. There is an ever increasing demand for friers, broilers and eggs, and many expert poultrymen from other states are being attracted to Georgia.
It was the poultry pick-up car that gave the industry its greatest stimulus. These cars operated by county agents and local sales organization co-operating with the Bureau of Markets visit almost every county in the State during the heavy selling seasons.
The cars, especially equipped for housing live poultry while in transit, stop at various railway stations on days previously announced, buyers accompanying the cars purchase all poultry of every type, paying cash to the farmers who are notified in advance of the arrival of the
pick-up car. All poultry offered is quickly turned into cash at these "moving
markets" and the farmer, with funds in his pocket, purchases necessary supplies from local merchants before returning home. Poultry sales days have become real events in the smaller towns of the State, merchants preparing in advance for busy days with increased cash sales.
During the first four months of 1930, sales reported to the Bureau of Markets for poultry alone amounted to $376,261.50. During the 12 months of 1929 sales were $870,537.81, as compared with $424,556.15 in
1928. Until a few years ago, poultry production was confined almost wholly
to the few hens kept on the farms, only the small surplus of eggs and chickens being marketed. But in the past few years hundreds of commercial hatcheries have been put into operation, furnishing day-old chicks by the millions and farmers have entered the poultry business on a large scale. There are now in the State 150 commercial hatcheries with incubator capacity of 2,000,000 eggs, besides hundreds of privately operated incubators on the farms or small yards in the cities and
towns. The poultry industry is valued at $40,000,000 each year in Georgia,
yet the State consumes eggs alone valued at $22,000,000.00 with only $15,000,000.00 worth of eggs being produced in the State. This means that the State is sending $7,000,000.00 out of Georgia annually for eggs alone, to say nothing of the enormous amount also spent'outside the State for poultry consumed over and above the supply grown in Georgia.
Because of mild climate, the State has an unusually long breeding and growing season, heavy egg production can be obtained when prices are highest, and broilers are ready when premium prices are paid. The
61

absence of extreme cold makes expensive buildings unnecessary and only half the hatching and brooding equipment used in colder climates is needed. Green food can be produced, and birds are safely allowed out on the range at all seasons.
A poultry survey made by the State College of Agriculture from 69 records shows that the average net income of the entire group was $704 on 420 birds, which is equivalent to $1.68 per bird. The ten most profitable individual records among these birds, showed a profit of $2.66 per bird on an average of 1,066 birds, or a total net profit of $2,837.00 for the flock.
Ninety per cent of the poultry on Georgia farms is pure bred stock.
Georgia's Cow, Hog and Hen Program
The cow, hog and hen program, which originated in 1922 in Turner County, following the devastating invasion of the boll weevil, has spread over the State and into other States in the Union. To it, in a large measure, is due the splendid advance being made in diversification of farm products. Greater commercial production of hogs and poultry, as well as dairying has followed the adoption of the cow-hog-hen program.
The plan contemplates stocking each farm with an adequate number of cows, hogs and poultry, sufficient to furnish the home and a surplus that may be sold as a weekly or monthly cash income. As the number of dairy cows increase, creameries and cream-buying stations have been organized, and with increased production of chickens and eggs, commercial hatcheries, for day-old chicks have increased. Surplus hogs and pigs are disposed of through community sales, where one or 100 head may be sold at carlot prices.
Fertilizer from stock, so badly needed on all Georgia lands, increases acreage yields and save an enormous sum that otherwise would be necessary for commercial fertilizer.
Military Posts in Georgia
Several military posts are located in Georgia. Near Columbus is the government's small arms training school at Fort Benning. In Atlanta is Fort McPherson and near Savannah is Fort Screven. Fort Oglethorpe is situated in the extreme northern part of the State.
The Georgia National Guard, with headquarters in Atlanta is composed of 3,600 men and 250 officers, and is divided into the following units: two regiments of infantry; one regiment field artillery, one battalion of post artillery; one squadron of cavalry; one hospital corps; two brigade headquarters companies and four other companies. At state headquarters are nine staff officers.
62

The American Farmer
Excerpts from an Address Delivered in Atlanta, Ga., July 4, 1929, by
HON. ARTHUR M. HYDE, United States Secretary of Agriculture.
"This nation, under God, has been blessed beyond the dreams of avarice. The smoke plumes of its factories write upon the sky of busy industry and of prosperity. The average man enjoys a higher standard of living than was ever enjoyed by any nation in history. The good things of life are more broadly and less unevenly distributed. The creative industry of the nation is more widely owned than ever before. Buyers and borrowers of the nations throng our markets and draw upon our stores of goods and of accumulated capital.
We have poured out our wealth with quick sympathy for the stricken among the other nations of the earth. We spent billions of money and oceans of blood and tears in a struggle across the sea, to defend our conception of political equality, and it is worth whatever expenditure of effort and national treasure may be required to guarantee equality of economic opportunity for all American citizens.
In all this, there is, there must be a place of economic equality and opportunity for the American farmer. His is the most creative, the most vital, and the most serviceable of all occupations. Measured by any scale of investment, respectability, size or service, agriculture is preeminent. The American farmer has fully kept pace with the progress of industry. He is the most efficient farmer in the world. He produces two-thirds of the world's corn, three-fourths of the world's cotton, one-half its tobacco, one third its hogs and poultry, one-fourth its oats, a fifth of its wheat, one seventh of its cattle, and a tenth of its sheep.
There are, happily, many thousands of prosperous farmers, but agriculture, as a whole, has had too small a share of national prosperity. This nation can not afford to view with complacency any inequality among its own people."
Boys and Girls Club Work
More than 20,000 boys and girls are enrolled in the Boys and Girls 4-H clubs in the State, sponsored by the State College of Agriculture, and the results obtained have demonstrated the vast possibilities for diversification and intensified cultivation. Under the guidance of county agents and home demonstration agents, the clubs are acomplishing valuable work, measured in dollars as well as in training.
The boys clubs are specializing in higher yields of corn, cotton, potatoes, peanuts, and the breeding of hogs, chickens, calves and sheep, while the girls give largely of their time to canning, gardening and sewing, though many other activities are included in the State's club work.
Phenominal results are being obtained by club members, according to records at the State College, which prove the surprising potentialities on Georgia farms where modern scientific methods are carefully and faithfully followed.
63

,,,,McIntosn County scenes. 1--Natural oyster bed on coast. 2-Negro labor Plentiful ffrro1mhaoDnePyn' es3tr. G.5ro-^-Ptoau^ltnryarcyiassrdi biunlbGs lfyonrnmCarokuenttyo.n B6u-tAiei^tyIspliacnadl ca4b-bTaur?atlemetgrhS lmorshPCounrvre FTS fr SaH- 7-HeavibeaTMg sweet or rou^d orange tree to M wdfwith0na\ural8fToAwbarnyard SC6ne W"h Dure"bred cattl* a^ hogs. 9-Artesian

Georgia's Manufacturing Wealth

More than $25,000,000 in New Industrial Investments in 1929-- Value of Manufactured Products double that of Agriculture.

Too often, one thinks of Georgia as only a great agricultural region, where almost every crop grows luxuriantly and livestock thrive in yearround pastures. All of which is true, and yet the value of the State's manufactured product is almost double that of agricultural productions, and these values will continue to increase from year to year.
Industry in the United States is undergoing an unprecedented upheaval, due to changing conditions, bringing about relocations of old plants and the establishment of new ones. That Georgia is receiving her share of new capital is proven by the fact that in 1929 approximately $25,000,000 was invested in new enterprises or the extension of plants already located in the State.
Executives and engineers of concerns seeking locations are giving the State substantial endorsements, after the most searching surveys of all conditions necessary for successful operation.
The value of Georgia's factory products for a single year, as itemized in the most recent available figures, follows:

Textiles Foundry Products Furniture and Fixtures Soft Drinks Cotton Seed oil products Candy, bakeries, etc : Flour, grist mills, etc Naval Stores Printing and Publishing Fertilizer and Nitrates Lumbering Barrels, crates, etc Ice plant products Wearing apparel Leather Goods Brick, Tiles and other Clays Marble and Granite (finished) Cannery Products Medical Compounds Cigars, Cigarettes, etc Chemicals Miscellaneous Factory Products

$247,498,754 151,286,384 32,529,678 30,262,784 27,998,981 25,998,656 25,296,387 23,000,000 19,792,557 26,512,700 27,500,000 17,562,389 15,786,398 15,394,456 15,001,260 12,264,376 12,230,272 5,987,654 4,500,000 2,022,395 1,500,000 49,283,820

TOTAL

$789,209,901

65

A summary of the advantages to be found in the State by industrialists include a large supply of native white labor; unlimited hydro-electric power, insuring Georgia against any power famine that might cause temporary shut-downs; ample railroad and steamship transportation; abundant supply of soft water; educational system embracing elementary and high schools, junior colleges, colleges and universities; natural gas pumped into the State from fields of other States; coal in abundance from near-by mines; typography ranging from sea level to elevations approximating 5,000 feet; an ideal climate permitting year-round operation of all kinds of manufacturing plants; a death rate lower than the national average; almost inexhaustible raw products from field, forest and mine, and last, but not least, a friendly welcome from every part of the State.
Some of the important projects undertaken in the State in 1929 are briefly mentioned as follows, as an indication of the State's rapid industrial progress:
The B. F. Goodrich Rubber Co., of Akron, Ohio, acquired the Martha Mills at Thomaston, and installed 50,000 additional spindles for the production of tire fabric.
The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co. increased the capacity of the Clearwater Mills, at Cedartown, 20,000 spindles and erected a 50,000 spindle mill at Rockmart. This company also acquired the Atco plant of the American Textile Co. at Cartersville, with 50,000 spindles, producing tire fabrics.
The Brighton Mills, Passaic, N. J., parent organization of the Southern-Brighton Mills, moved additional machinery from New Jersey plants and erected operatives dwellings at Shannon, Ga.
The Peerless Woolen Mills, Rossville, completed vast extensions last year, bringing their maximum production to 100,000 yards weekly.
The Cunard Mills was established at Carrollton to manufacture silk and cotton goods.
The Lonsdale Co., Providence, R. I., acquired a large site near Gainesville for a proposed mill.
In 1929, out of a total spindle increase of 415,946 in eight Southern textile manufacturing states, Georgia received 132,256, ranking second in the United States in the number of new spindles acquired.
Through tax exemption laws for a reasonable length of time, the State encourages new investors, both from among its own citizens as well as those from other states. Eighty-odd counties and more than one hundred municipalities have extended tax exemptions for a period of five years to new industries or the extension of those already in operation.
Georgia stands fourth in the number of cotton spindles in operation in the United States, being exceeded only by Massachusetts, North Carolina and South Carolina.
66

Scenes in Clarke County. 1 and 2 Clarke County Jarm homes. 3--Typical corn field 4--Hay making, cut and stacked for winter use: 5--Cotton farming in Clarke where nine bales were picked from five acres. 6--Another Clarke County cotton field where one and a half bales were picked on one acre.

Spinning spindles in place and active during the early months of 1930 are listed by the Bureau of Census, as follows:

Cotton-growing states New England States All other states Alabama Connecticut Georgia Maine Massachusetts Mississippi New Hampshire New Jersey New York
North Carolina Rhode Island South Carolina Tennessee Texas Virginia All other states

In Place 19,149,404 13,631,843
1,425,928 1,857,690 1,090,224 3,259,208 1,045,732 7,902,866
205,652 1,301,896
373,012 695,628
6,245,466 2,173,860 5,673,984
612,858 282,240 688,326 798,532

Active

Total

17,781,676 4,779,761,794

9,456,396 1,762,384,607

1,136,362 186,962,983

1,712,320 461,935,535

944,722 149,282,843

3,060,372 847,900,690

642,288 137,585,804

5,543,874 1,042,027,746

128,760 36,714,644

895,096 194,161,197

346,222 49,859,298

500,056 82,995,844

5,683,916 1,441,742,840

1,313,152 226,208,969

5,477,652 1,511,019,024

566,728 188,784,096

241,098 49,723,482

663,882 173,589,426

654,296 135,577,946

Georgia's textile mills consume more than a million bales of cotton each year.

Georgia's Financial Condition Sound
Georgia has the smallest bonded indebtedness of any State in the Union, and owns the Western and Atlantic Railroad, which extends from Atlanta to Chattanooga, and is valued at $25,000,000. From this property the State derives a rental of $540,000 each year. The value of the property is five times greater than the State's bonded debt.
The financial condition of Georgia banks is sound. Figures compiled by the State Superintendent of Banks and the Sixth Federal Reserve bank, at Atlanta, show that on Oct. 4, 1929, there were 415 banks in the State, with 32 branches. Of these, 79 were national banks.
Total resources of state and national banks on that date were $473,077,206.43, and total demand deposits were $219,079,623.44. Bank debits in the State's ten largest cities during 1929 totaled $4,039,687,000, an increase of 14 per cent over 1928.
Postoffice receipts during 1929 showed an increase of 3.7 per cent over the preceding year.
The year 1929 was an active one in the building line, structures contracted for or completed within the State during the year having a value of $57,254,700, and many other new structures were started early in 1930.

68

Georgia Rich in Mineral Deposits

Thirty-four Types of Minerals and Clays Produced in Commercial Quantities--Georgia Marble and Granite in Many Public Buildings.

Because of the diversity in the geological formations in the State,

Georgia is rich in almost every mineral resource of commercial importance,

except coal and iron, and these may be obtained from adjoining states ,

at low cost. There are 34 different kinds of minerals and clays produced I

commercially, and undeveloped properties already located present a

fine field of opportunity to investors.

The value of Georgia's minerals used for commercial purposes varies

widely from year to year. They have reached as high as $19,000,000 a year The largest industry contributing to the mineral output is the

manufacturers of bricks and tile, with marble and granite coming next.

The following table show the values of minerals mined in 1928, the

latest available figures:

/

Brick, Tile, etc
Marble Granite
Cement....: Clays Fuller's Earth
Barytes Limestone Iron Ore, Ocher

$ 3,644,931V 2>929'480 2,275,232 i'747'263 1'687'6^4 1,572,041
675>509 649'514 459,877

Sand, Gravel Coal Manganese, Manganiferous ore

310,567 181'000 135,114

Mica, Gold, Talc, Soapstone
Lime Bauxite Asbestos
Pottery
Bee Hive Coke

99,598 83'045 35'^ 21,440
^f8
3'967

Total

$16,522,965

A wide clay belt stretching across Middle Georgia offers a variety of

different kinds of kaolin, which is used, in addition to the manufacture

of brick and tile, for virtually every form of table ware, electrical porce-

lain and whiteware. The deposits are so expansive that engineers state

that if the entire ceramic industry moved to Georgia, the clay from

Wilkinson County alone could supply its sedimentary kaolins, at the

present rate of consumption, for the next 600 years.

The fame of Georgia's marble and granite is world-wide. Their

beauty and endurance have adapted them to many forms of construc-

69

tion, both for building and monumental purposes, and they are used extensively throughout the United States and in many foreign countries.
The use of Georgia marble as building and ornamental stone has made such great gain within the past 40 years that the output of these quarries now exceeds that of any other state with the exception of Vermont. The yearly output is valued at approximately $3,000,000. In color, the stone varies from white to almost black, a flesh color also being found. Tests of the physical and chemical properties of Georgia marble demonstrate that its durability exceeds that of any other marble now being produced.
The most valuable marbles are those found in Pickens, Cherokee, Gilmer and Fannin counties, the belt running parallel to the Louisville & Nashville Railroad from near Ball Ground, in Cherokee County, north to the State line, a distance of more than 60 miles.
At Tate, in Pickens county is located the largest marble plant in the State, operated by the Georgia Marble Company, of which Colonel Sam Tate is President. Here is found a chrystalline marble that is used largely in buildings and memorials, this stone being used in the erection of memorials to three former presidents of the United States, Lincoln, McKinley and Harding.
The statute of Abraham Lincoln in the Lincoln Memorial at Washington is made of twenty-eight large blocks of Georgia marble, totaling approximately 3,000 cubic feet. The statute weighs 175 tons. The Memorial, including the building and statute, erected at Niles, Ohio to the memory of former President William McKinley is built entirely of Georgia Marble. The memorial at Marion, Ohio, in which the body of former President Warren G. Harding rests, is erected of Georgia marble.
Other noted buildings and memorials in which Georgia marble was used includes the State capitols of Minnesota, Rhode Island and Utah; the United States Government building at Boston, St. Luke's hospital,' New York, the Corcoran Art Gallery, Washington, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Buckingham Fountain, the largest of its kind in the world, at Chicago, the Maine Memorial at Havana, the Augusta, Ga., Post Office, the New Orleans Post Office, the Federal Reserve Bank at Cleveland, Ohio, New York Stock Exchange, and the statues of Crawford W. Long and Alexander H. Stephens placed in the Hall of Fame at Washington by the State of Georgia.
The granite industry in Georgia ranks close to marble in importance, the yearly output being valued at more than two million dollars. Granite is one of the most important and extensive building and monumental stones in the State.
Granite is found in an almost inexhaustible supply in the Piedmont Plateau and big quarries are located in DeKalb, Elbert, Greene, Gwinnett Rockdale, Newton, Hall, Hancock and other Georgia counties. One of the most interesting and the largest barren granite masses in the United States is Stone Mountain in DeKalb county.
Granite quarrying in Georgia was started at Stone Mountain as early as 1845, but systematic quarrying began about 1869 and is now
70

Tilt County scenes. 1--Four-H Cotton Club Boys of Tilt County with their bales ol cotton 2--Group ol Tilt County larmers studying tobacco experiment at Georgia Coastal Plains Experiment Station. 3--Pure bred Tilt County Holstein herd. 4--"On the point '' hunting quail in Tilt. 5--Play ground at City Park in Tilton, under supervision ol trained worker. 6--Loading poultry at Tilton alter co-operative sale. 7-- Corn on Tilt County iarm that yielded 93 bushels per acre.

an important industry in those sections where the stone is found in large areas.
In addition to the granite used in buildings and construction work, such as paving material and curbing, very fine monumental granite is found in the State that has few equals, if any superiors, in the United States.
With the era of construction, in buildings, roads and streets, now gomg on in Georgia and other States, there is a great demand for brick and tile products and the output of the plants operating in this State is expected to increase each year, as the demand for these materials grows.
The clays of Georgia are especially suited for the manufacture of brick and tile products and this industry is facing a bright future in the State.
The word ceramic is used in a general way to cover all the products of the potter's art. Primitive man discovered that clay could be moulded into vessels, that fire hardened these vessels and that a glaze applied preserved them. Due to the vast quantities of kaolin and bauxite in Georgia and because of the excellent refractory properties of these minerals, this State is expected to become one of the important refractory producing centers of the United States.
Georgia's raw ceramic products for making brick, tile, building blocks, terra cotta, roofing, floor and wall tile and fine pottery, vases table and other white ware, are unequaled in America. In recognition of the potential wealth of the State's clay resources, the Georgia School of Technology, in Atlanta, has a Department of Ceramics where students are trained in the science of ceramics.
Because of the vast deposits of minerals distributed throughout the State, it is impossible to describe each of them. However, some of the more important developments, with their locations are as follows:
ASBESTOS-While both the chrysotile and the amphibole varieties are mined in Georgia, the latter is by far the more plentiful. Mines are now being operated in White, Rabun, Barrow and Habersham counties There are several very promising asbestos properties in the State suitable for development.
tTM ^Y^S-Georgia is the leading producer of barytes in the country the value of the yearly output being approximately $700,000 Mines producing barytes are located in Bartow and Murray counties.
TMFloydTcnoauT nt^y~, 'GZeboBrgfilarS, tinba1U8X87i.te DdeeppoossiittsCsoinvceerheadveinbeAemnefriocuanwdasanidn developed In Polk, Bartow, Gordon, Chattooga, Walker, Wilkinson, Su^ ter, Macon and Meriwether counties.
OEMENTS-Tne raw materials in the manufacture of Portland cement, consisting of limestone and shales, are abundant and well cut
72

tributed throughout Northwest Georgia. There are still many undeveloped limestone and shale properties in the State. There are also two natural cement plants now in operation in Georgia.
CLAYS--The clays of Georgia which may be classed as one of the inexhaustible mineral resources, are found in great quantities throughout the State. In the southern part occur the cretaceous and tertiary sedimentary clays. The great thickness of these clay beds and the purity of the clays probably are duplicated nowhere else in this country. Scarcely less important are the alluvial and residual clays of the Piedmont plateau and Northwest Georgia. The value of clay products exceeds that of any other mineral in the State.
COAL--The total coal area of the State is approximately 170 square miles. It is estimated that these deposits contain 921,000,000 tons of coal, or sufficient to last the State, at the present rate of consumption, for more than 200 years. Two mines are operated in Georgia, and it is estimated that 12,000,000 tons of semi-bituminous coal have been mined to the present. The annual output is approximately 75,000 tons.
FELDSPAR--The feldspars are widely distributed throughout the Piedmont and Appalachian areas of Georgia, being associated with mica and quartz. There are mines in Paulding, White and Rabun counties. The Georgia output is potash feldspar and has been used principally for fertilizers.
FULLER'S EARTH--Georgia is the second largest producer of fuller's earth in the United States, the annual output of the plants in Decatur, Stewart and Twiggs counties being in excess of $1,570,000. Extensive deposits are available for development in these localities.
GRAPHITE--Both amorphous and crystalline varieties of this mineral are found in Georgia, particularly in Bartow, Pickens, Elbert, Hall, Madison, Douglas, Cobb and Troup counties. Additional deposits suitable for development are available.
GRANITE--Occurring in inexhaustible quantities and widely distributed throughout the Piedmont plateau, the granites of Georgia constitute one of its most valuable resources. The largest and most interesting barren granite mass in the country is Stone Mountain, a few miles northeast of Atlanta. The stone obtained from these quarries is a light colored muscovite granite possessing remarkable strength and is quite free from all chemical and physical defects. Another granite of almost equal value is that of the Lithonia district. This stone covers a considerable area in the eastern part of DeKalb and the adjacent parts of Rockdale and Gwinnett counties. Deposits of granite suitable for monumental, structural and road-building purposes are available in Georgia.
IRON ORE--Several kinds of iron ores are found in Georgia, the most common being the brown, limonites and hematite ores. Workable deposits are found in the northwestern part of the State. The ore beds
13

average more than two feet in breadth, are approximately 175 miles long, and may be mined to a depth of several hundred feet. The iron ore mined annually in Georgia is valued at $400,000.
LIMESTONES--Cambrian, Silurian, and carboniferous limestone exist in great abundance in Northwest Georgia. Lime is produced near Cartersville, and limestone is found in Pickens, Gilmer, Bartow, Catoosa and Polk counties. The annual output of limestone in Georgia is valued at $650,000.
MANGANESE--These ores are confined chiefly to Bartow, Floyd and Polk counties, large deposits being found and mined intensively near Cartersville. A survey is now being prepared covering a manganese property in that locality.
MARBLE--Before 1884, the marbles of Georgia were practically unknown as building and ornamental stones, but at present the output of its quarries exceeds that of any other State, with the exception of Vermont. The most valuable marbles occur in Pickens, Cherokee, Gilmer and Fannin counties. The principal marble industry of the State is located in the vicinity of Tate in Pickens county, where the deposit attains its greatest thickness. This marble usually has a coarse texture, but can be given a very high polish. The physical and chemical properties, as shown by numerous tests made by the State Geological department, demonstrate that its durability equals or exceeds that of any other marble now being developed commercially.
MARLS--Marls of good quality are found over large portions of the State. They carry a considerable amount of phosphoric acid and potash and are being used as natural fertilizer with excellent results. Practically all of the South Georgia counties have marl deposits of agricultural value.
MICA--Mica is found in a number of Georgia counties and has been worked extensively in the past.
OCHER--The ocher mines in Georgia produce more than half of the yellow ocher output of the United States. The deposits in this State are confined to a narrow belt about eight miles long and less than two miles wide on the Etowah river in Bartow county. Three plants in that belt are producing approximately 1,000 tons of ocher annually.
POTASH-BEARING SLATES--Slates containing from seven to ten per cent potash are found in North Georgia. Slate mined in Gordon county is now being used extensively for roofing materials.
PYRITE--This mineral is found and mined extensively in Haralson, Lumpkin, Cherokee, Paulding, Cobb, Douglas and Fannin counties.
74

Floyd County scenes. 1--Cotton, where two bales to the acre was produced. 2-- Type of barge transportation being developed on the Coosa-Alabama inland waterways system. 3--Corn on the Martha Berry School Farm. 4--Turning under vetch and rye, with heavy tractors, on Martha Berry School farm. 5--Two tons to the acre clover-hay on Arrington farm.

SAND AND GRAVEL--In the central counties of Georgia, there is a belt of natural sand extending almost across the entire state. In addition to this sand, which is used principally for building purposes, there have been important developments recently in the operation of silica sand deposits for glass manufacture. These latter sands contain less than one per cent iron oxide and alumina, and shipments are being made for consumption by the plate glass manufacturers.
SERICITE--Exceptionally pure deposits of sericite, a variety of mica that resembles talc, are found in Pickens county in beds varying from a few inches to over six feet in thickness, and lined with quartz schist. There are two mining companies producing this mineral in Georgia at the present.
TALC--Extensive talc mines are in operation in Whitfield and Murray counties, the products being consumed principally by manufacturers of paper, paints, toilet powder, automobile tires and pencils. Additional deposits suitable for development are available in Murray county.
TRAVERTINE--Deposits of travertine recently have been discovered in Randolph county in Southwest Georgia, these being the only known deposits in the United States, except a small development in Florida.
State and County Taxes
The ad valorem taxing system prevails in Georgia: that is, a tax levied on property. The State rate is limited to five mills, but county rates vary from year to year and are fixed by the county boards of commissioners, immediately after county budgets for the year have been prepared. To the county rate is added the State's five mills and county officers collect the entire tax, remitting the State's proportion each fall.
The assessed valuation of all property in the State for 1929 was $1,102,211,657. The State received in taxes from professional avocations, $82,977 in 1929; from poll taxes, $394,215, and from its tax on property, $5,992,984.
Georgia Egg-Laying Contest
The Georgia National Egg-Laying Contest plant, located at the State College of Agriculture, cost in excess of $25,000 and is one of the most complete plants of its kind in the country. It is composed of 52 houses 12 by 14 feet each and a hospital 30 by 15 feet. In its third year of contest, 25 states were represented. There are six breeds of chickens in the 1,300 birds entered. The results of these contests are furnishing valuable information to Georgia poultrymen, as well as students at the college.
76

From the far flung beaches along the Atlantic coast to the mountain peaks dotting the northern part of the states, as well as at many points in the enterior, hundreds of thousands of Georgia citizens and visitors from many parts of the world may be seen during every month in the year as they seek health and pleasure at Georgia's recreational resorts.
The coast, "where ocean breezes ever blow," affords ideal facilities, with modern hotels and pleasant beaches. At Tybee, near Savannah, and at St. Simons, near Brunswick, are two of the finest bathing beaches on the Atlantic. Jekyl and Cumberland islands, near St. Simons, are owned by groups of Eastern capitalists, and there they have many palatial summer homes.
At Augusta, Brunswick, Savannah, Thomasville and other Georgia cities there are numerous resort hotels which are thronged in the winter months by tourists seeking a mild climate.
Of particular interest is the fact that the State's recreational facilities have within the past few years attracted the attention of large investors who are building impressive resorts. Among them are Howard E. Coffin, Barron G. Collier and Governor Roosevelt, of New York.
Radium Springs, located just south of Albany, is being developed into a splendid resort by Mr. Collier and associates.
Mr. Coffin not only has developed a magnificient private estate on Sapelo island, off the coast of Brunswick in the Atlantic ocean, but has completed the Cloister hotel, a delightful all-year resort on nearby Sea island.
In the central section of Georgia, at Warm Springs, Governor Roosevelt, of New York, finding great curative powers there for infantile paralysis, has developed the property on a large scale for the benefit of the country as a whole.
North of Atlanta, in the vast foothills of the Blue Ridge mountains, Colonel Sam Tate, former highway commissioner of Georgia, is developing an elaborate resort, known as Tate Springs.
North Georgia's mountain section is rapidly developing as a summer retreat for vacationists. This section is served by an excellent system of highways, its lakes and streams are well stocked with fish and the mountain scenery compares most favorably with that of other parts of the United States.
Perhaps the most popular winter sport in the State is that of quail shooting, the open season extending from November 20 to March 1 each year.
Public parks, tennis courts and swimming pools are to be found in practically every city. There are many golf courses in the State, the climate being so mild that golf may be played every month in the year.
77

Georgia Ranks Sixth in Lumber Industry
Lumbering is one of the major industries in Georgia, the State ranking sixth among Southern States, being exceeded by Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas. It is estimated that there are twenty million acres of forest lands in the State, cutting more than a billion board feet of lumber annually. Yellow pine represents 85 per cent of the lumber. Other trees used in the industry include ash, maple, sycamore, walnut, cypress, oak, gum, poplar, beech, chestnut, elm and hickory.
The value of the State's lumber and timber products annually is more than $30,000,000.
While more than one billion feet of lumber are being sawed in the State each year, the local demand is not supplied, there being approximately $5,000,000 worth of lumber brought into the State each year.
The pine is the State's most valuable tree. It furnishes an income of $43,000,000.00 annually to the State from lumber, naval stores and poles, to say nothing of the value of the firewood used in the homes and in industries, and even the stumps are dug up and utilized for making pulp used in the manufacture of paper. Pine straw is used for a number of purposes on the farm, such as bedding for animals and for fertilizers.
The pine belt covers about 15,000,000 acres, principally in south Georgia. In addition, there are valuable hardwoods in both north and south Georgia. There are 1,000,000 acres of virgin timber in the State.
Georgia hardwoods are used in the manufacture of automobile bodies, furniture, fixtures and building materials, and approximately 500,000 poles used in Georgia each year by power, telephone and telegraph companies and hundreds of thousands of cross-ties for the railroads, are all cut from Georgia forests.
Georgia Leads all States in Naval Stores
Georgia is the leading Naval Stores producing State in the Union and Savannah the largest export city in the world for these products, Brunswick also shipping large quantities.
Naval Stores, which include turpentine, rosin, etc., valued at $23,000,000 are produced in 65 south Georgia counties, the industry employing 12,500 people. The process includes scarifying or cutting the bark off the trunk of trees a distance of several feet, at the bottom of which is attached a cup into which the gum oozes. This gum is distilled into turpentine, the residue being rosin.
The season ending March 30, 1930, produced the second largest crop of naval stores in 16 years, according to naval stores reviews, but was disappointing in financial returns.
The eight Southern States of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Mississippi, North and South Carolina furnish all the rosin and turpentine produced in the United States. Georgia is the principal naval stores state, having 614 of the 11,049 establishments, according to a recent survey.
78

School buildings. 1--Barrow Hall, Georgia State College of Agriculture, at Athens. 2. 3. 4 and 5--Typical examples of Consolidated Schools to be found in many Georgia counties.

Georgia's Daily and Weekly Newspapers
Excellent railroad and mall facilities enable Georgia farmers to receive, the day of publication, one or more daily newspapers, as well as as any of the excellent weekly papers published in the State. There are three dailies in Atlanta, two each at Savannah, Macon, Augusta and Columbus, and one each at Albany, Americus, Athens, Brunswick Cordele, Dublin, Griffin, LaGrange, Moultrie, Rome, Thomasville Triton, Valdosta and Waycross. In addition t^iere are more than 250 weekly papers published, in the counties of the State.
Besides these, there are a number of weekly and monthly periodicals devoted to specific subjects in which Georgians are interested.

Georgia Death Rate Among the Lowest

Georgia has a Board of Health in each of the 161 counties, clothed with full authority to function for the protection of the health of its citizens. Thirty-three of the counties have full-time Commissioners of Health, who devote their time to improving sanitary conditions in the county and the duties of a full-time health unit. A number of counties also employ a public health nurse.

The result of this organization is reflected in the reduction of the death rate for the State. In 1928 it was 11.3 and in 1929 was 10.9 The infant mortality rate was 81.6 in 1928 and for 1929 was reduced to 77 2 The control of all the infectious diseases has been carefully looked after and, m consequence, Georgia compares most favorably with her sister states of the Southeast.

Georgia has the distinction of being the first state to use paris green m the control of the mosquito, which is the earner of malaria, and the County of Mitchell was the ptoce of the first experiment. Since that time, this method of control has been largely adopted by many counties in many states. Other methods of malaria control are being used in Georgia and several large draining projects have been completed within the past year.

The tuberculosis problem has received serious thought, and Georgia

sTcrion oTStf6 l0T d6ath ^ frm thiS diSease of ^ -tate in this SSTon th VUZ ^ ThS chiIdren's tuberculosis cottage, a $125,000

to tSZtl ? i^T 0t the Stat6' haS been ^mpletea, turned over

chilton

th' and nW iS CCUpied by more than six*y

of Health Tf,,Stlt Td *anufacturinS laboratory of the State Board sttsol;-11 fe State apit01 and ls one of the fin<^ and
TThhee sseerrvviiccee ooff thte laHbora^ tory SisP'efrnedeidtoWtOhTek ^ citiz^ ensheo&f ItthhefStthaeteStaanted" distributes many free vaccines and serums to Georgia citizens Vac-
tTanthf STM\n0t fUmiShed free' are * at a price much lower than they can be obtained on the open market.

80

Electric Power Decentralizes Industry

Wide-spread availability of electric power, at rates which compare favorably with those of other states in the nation, is one of the factors in the present trend of decentralization of industry in Georgia, permitting the location of industrial plants in almost any of the towns and villages of the state. With the exception of less than a dozen counties, electrical energy is available in each of the 161 counties.
The tendency of investors to locate new plants away from congested centers and closer to sources of raw materials, potential labor and foods tuffs is of prime importance to Georgia agriculture. Every new indus- . try means additional consumers of farm commodities raised nearby, customers for merchants and banks and increased taxable values in
the county where the industry is located. The Georgia Power Company alone now has an aggregate capacity
of 510,205 horsepower already installed and construction work is underway on additional plants that will add 160,000 horsepower. The lines of this company, 42,538 miles in length, cover 122 counties.
One of the most interesting power developments in Georgia is the $1,250,000 project, now nearing completion on the Flint river, and is the property of the people of Crisp county. It will develop 18,000 horsepower and was financed by the citizens of Crisp with the view of fostering industrial development in that and adjacent counties.
Among the major activities during the past twelve months of companies operating in Georgia, are the following:

On the Chattahoochee River, near Atlanta, the Georgia Power Com-

pany has under construction the 100,000 horsepower Atkinson Steam

Plant, which is said to be the largest single generating unit in the State

and one of the largest in the South. Plans were announced by this company a few months ago for con-

struction of a new hydro-electric project on the Oconee River at Furman

Shoals, near Milledgeville which will develop 60,000 horsepower and is

scheduled for completion in 1930. Work began late in 1929 on a 2,500 kilowatt unit at Brunswick; on

110 GOO volt line from Porterdale to Macon; on a primary sub-station

at Atlanta; improvements to stations at Lindale, Porterdale, Carters-

ville Winder, Griffin, Macon and Stevens Creek. These improvements

involve an expenditure of $1,500,000 while $1,000,000 additional will be

invested in transmission lines. A recent survey by the Georgia Power Company shows that eleven

new industries, with a capital investment of $11,000,000 were established

during 1929 in sections served by the company, and that $60,000,000

was the amount represented by industries established in this territory

in the past four years. The Savannah River

Electric

Company

proposes

a

120,0n0n0n

horse-

power hydro-electric development on the Savannah River near Au-

gusta, estimated to involve an ultimate investment of $50,000,000.

' An expenditure estimated at $10,500,000 is involved in a proposed

project on the Chattahoochee, above West Point, which is to develop

from 15,100 to 30,000 horsepower.

.

Georgia ranks near the top in the States of the South m the de-

velopment of water-power, which had its inception on a large scale in

1913 when the Tallulah Falls plant of the Georgia Power Company was

constructed.

81

Transportation and Mail Facilities
Railways, steamship lines, bus routes and air mail lines into and out of the State of Georgia are entirely adequate for transportation of freight, passengers and mail and as traffic demands increase, these lines are enlarged to meet prevailing conditions.
From the ports of Savannah and Brunswick, ocean liners and small craft operate on regular schedule, carrying enormous amounts of freight and thousands of passengers.
The harbor at Savannah, 18 miles from the ocean, is landlocked, and vessels drawing 31 feet in depth and up to 500 feet in length enter with ease and safety. Around a million bales of cotton are shipped annually from Savannah, more than from any other Atlantic port. It also is the leading naval stores export city of the world.
Brunswick has a natural landlocked harbor, 31 miles square, with approximately 40 miles of water frontage and five miles of docks and wharves. The depth of the water over the bar is 34 feet at mean high tide and the channel entrance is 500 feet wide, permitting safe entrance of vessels under their own power.
There are smaller ports at Darien and St. Marys, from which a number of small craft, such as fishing vessels, operate.
Georgia Began Building Railroads in 1830
Georgia is traversed by forty-odd railroads, with 6,835 miles of track, ranking second among Southern States in railway trackage, being exceeded by Texas.
The building of railroads in Georgia began in 1830, and 1840 the Georgia road from Augusta to Decatur and Atlanta and the Central from Savannah to Macon were among the first roads in the State to be put into operation. After about 1845 railroad building became active, and as the State grew in population and industry, other lines were built and today almost every county in the State is traversed by a railroad.
Ten trunk lines operate in Georgia as follows: Atlanta & West Point, Atlanta, Birmingham and Coast, Atlantic Coast Line, Central of Georgia, Georgia Railroad, Georgia & Florida, Louisville & Nashville, Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis which is the lessee of the Western & Atlantic, State-owned road, extending from Atlanta to Chattanooga; Seaboard Air Line, and Southern, including the Georgia, Southern and Florida road.
A number of railroads operating in Georgia maintain agricultural departments and employ farm experts to aid in developing the lands through which the roads pass.
The Georgia Public Service Commission, created by the State legislature of 1878-9, has supervision over all common carriers in the State.
82

Bibb County scenes. 1--Cecil Shadbum, right, and Harold Tyner, left, two leaders in Bibb County Four-H Club work. 2--Bibb County prize winning corn grown by J. N. Perdue. 3--Bibb County peach grove. 4--Wheat in Bibb County field. 5--Bibb County watermelons. 6--Loading turnips for shipment. 1--Napier grass in Bibb County. 8--A pigeon loft in Bibb where sauab raising is an industry.

Passenger and Freight Motor Bus Service
Georgia maintains and is improving 7,088 miles of state-aid highways, 2,022 miles of which have been paved. Under present plans, state, county and federal funds will provide for paving more than 600 miles during 1930 and an increasing mileage next year.
A network of passenger and freight motor bus service has resulted from improvement of the highways. Several truck lines over the state are engaged in transporting milk, poultry and farm products to markets. Grades are easy, and several large concerns operate regular motor truck deliveries between warehouses and branch establishments throughout the state. Trucks carrying logs to mills and lumber to markets are familiar sights on the highways.
Georgia Leader in Aviation
Georgia already has a more advantageous position in the future development of aviation than any other southern state. The air mail lines to New York, Chicago, Houston, New Orleans and Miami radiate out from Oandler field in Atlanta. Atlanta's airport development has been rapid.
The air mail offers overnight service from Atlanta to the other termini. Planes on the Atlanta-New York route make stops at Spartanburg, S. C, Greensboro, N. C, Richmond, Washington and Philadelphia. The Atlanta-Houston line provides for stops at Birmingham, Mobile, New Orleans and Beaumont. The Atlanta-Chicago line stops at Chattanooga, Nashville, Evansville and Terre Haute, with a branch operating between Evansville and St. Louis. Stops on the AtlantaMiami line are at Macon, Jacksonville and Daytona Beach, with a branch line between Daytona Beach and Tampa via Orlando.
Rural Free Delivery Routes
Every Georgia county is traversed by rural free delivery mail routes. The total combined length of the 1,580 routes is 49,420 miles, serving more than three hundred thousand families daily. Thus it is seen that every farm family is directly on a route or very near one and each day receives letters, newspapers, magazines and parcels post packages.
Interest in rural free delivery of mail in Georgia is heightened by the fact that a Georgian, the late Thomas E. Watson is credited with being the father of the rural mail service to the farmers, it being claimed that he, while a member of Congress in 1893 secured an appropriation to experiment with the "free delivery of mail to the people living in the country." It is also claimed that the first rural free delivery route in the United States was established at Quitman, Ga. and that J. E. Ponder was the first carrier.
The first passenger train in the world, is said to have been operated between Augusta, Ga., and Charleston, S. C.
84

Reforestation of Georgia Lands
More interest and greater constructive thought and effort is displayed today in the reforestation of Georgia lands than at any other period in her history. Realizing that this form of wealth was rapidly disappearing, the State Legislature in 1921 created the State Board of Forestry, but no funds were provided and the duties of the board were purely to investigate and make recommendations to the General Assembly. However, in 1925, the Legislature adopted the Forestry Act, clothing the board with authority and providing funds for its maintenance. Mr. B. M. Lufburrow is state forester.
The Board is now conducting an intensive campaign to encourage reforestation in the State, it being estimated that lands set in trees now will yield lumber in 20 years. An aggressive campaign is also being conducted to prevent forest fires, it being estimated by the Board that approximately two million acres of forest are burned over every year, causing damage estimated at from three to five million dollars. Local organizations are being formed to protect timber from fires, the legal time when woods may be burned in Georgia being between January 1 and March 1 each year.
The Forestry Board states that Georgia's 23,000,000 acres of forest land, if protected from fire and handled under forest management, are capable of maintaining an industry that should contribute at least $75,000,000.00 annually to the wealth of the State.
So important to the Georgia farmer is the law regarding "burning off the woods," the legal time being during January and February only each year, that the Act and its provisions are herewith printed for general information:
Extract from the code of the Georgia law of 1910 as amended by the Legislature in 1927:
ARTICLE 2
"Section 227. Who May. No person but a resident of the county where the firing is done, owning lands therein, or domiciled thereon outside of any town in-corporation, shall set on fire any woods, land or marshes, nor shall such persons, except between the first of January and the first of March annually.
"Section 228. Notice. When such person shall desire to set fire within a said time, he shall notify all persons who occupy lands adjoining him, by residence thereon, or cultivation, or enclosure of any portion of the tract or settlement, of the day and hour of the firing, at least one day prior thereto. Such notice need not be given if, on sudden emergency, due caution should require firing to render one's pre-
mises safe. "Section 229. Penalty. Any person setting fire in violation of the
preceding sections shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. "Section 230. Penalty for Letting Woods Catch Fire. Persons,
either by themselves or agents, who permit fire to get into the woods,
85

lands, or marshes, through neglect, are within the meaning of the three preceding sections."
Georgia is rich in forest flora, the wide difference between the climate of the northern and southern part of the State brings into the compass of 320 miles north and south, most of the trees found from Florida to Pennsylvania. Of a list of 163 varieties of trees growing in Georgia, 53 of them are regarded as producing valuable timber. In addition to the large pine acreage, valuable hardwood trees, cypress and gums, grow in Georgia.
There is a great opportunity for the growing of hardwoods in Georgia, such as dogwood, persimmon, black locust, sourwood, mulberry, oak and walnut. The textile industry uses dogwood and persimmon trees in the manufacture of shuttles and the demand for the trees is increasing. Besides the timber value of these hardwoods many of them produce fruits and flora for honey that would bring good returns to the farmers while the trees are growing large enough for saw-wood.
Georgia's Educational System
"A thorough system of general education, to be forever free to all children of the State," is provided for in the Constitution of Georgia, adopted in 1868, and the Legislature in 1870 passed the first school laws, General J. R. Lewis being appointed by the Governor as the first State School Commissioner.
From that good day to this, every succeeding Legislature has provided as generously as possible for the education of the commonwealth's children. As the state has grown and prospered, the system has been enlarged until the enrollment in the public schools have reach 714,394 pupils, taught in 8,576 schools by 19,505 teachers, according to the report of State Superintendent M. L. Duggan, in his biennium report published in 1929, for the year ending December 31, 1928.
From a small appropriation, back in the seventies, sums made available for public school purposes have increased until they reached $21,945,383.69, total receipts for 1928.
The value of public school property in the state, increasing from year to year, totaled $43,756,968 at the end of 1928.
There were 623,508 pupils enrolled in the elementary grades and 81,428 attending high schools, with an average daily attendance for both of 535,196 pupils.
The gradual but consistent consolidation of rural schools is rapidly eliminating the one and two-teacher schools. There are now 984 consolidated schools, of which 30 are for colored pupils and 954 for white boys and girls.
This system makes possible graded classes, modern buildings, and more teachers, thus insuring higher average attendance. The consolidation of small schools, together with better roads, has brought into use trucks for transporting children from home to school. There were, at the end of 1928, 1,939 school trucks or buses, transporting each day around 70,000 pupils.
86

Agricultural scenes in Georgia. 1--A 15-year-old pecan grove near Albany. This 20-acre grove has produced an average of 10,000 pounds of nuts for past three years. 2-Peach trees in Richmond County orchard. 3-Dairy cows in Lowndes. f-Sheep in Greene County. 5-Part of a 160-acre wheat field m Sumter County. 6-Apncot tree in Eichmond County. 7-Eye and vetch field near Fair Mount, m Gordon County.

Classes in vocational education, such as agricultural, home economics, and trades and industrial subjects, are taught in many Georgia schools, funds for this being provided by the State and National Government. The Smith-Hughes law which provides Federal funds for vocational education was sponsored in Congress by United States Senator Hoke Smith and Congressman Dudley M. Hughes, both of Georgia.
From elementary and high schools, graduate pupils have ample facilities for continuing their education through numerous junior colleges, colleges and universities, together with many agricultural and industrial schools.
From the founding of the state in 1733, Georgia has taken great interest and pride in the education of her children.
The University of Georgia, at Athens, was the first State University charted m America and Wesleyan College for Women, at Macon the first college in the United States to grant a diploma to a woman, Miss Catherine Brewer being the recipient.
The University of Georgia, of which Dr. C. M. Snelling is chancellor was chartered by the Legislature in 1785 and opened in 1803 with between 30 and 45 pupils enrolled. Several thousand students now are receiving training each year in the various arts and sciences, including pharmacy, journalism, agriculture, forestry, engineering, law and medicine in the department of the university located at Augusta.
In addition to the regular term that extends from September to June, a Summer School is held at the University each year which is attended by thousands of students and teachers from over the State
The Georgia State College of Agriculture, which is an integral part of the University system of the State, is located at Athens, and as at present constituted, was organized in 1906, for the purpose of expanding agricultural education and training in farm subjects in the State Dr. Andrew M. Soule is president.
Subjects pertaining to all phases of farm life in the State such as crops, soil, livestock, poultry, marketing, etc., are taught at the college. Farm agents receive training there, approximately 100 counties m the State employing Farm and Home Economics agents at present who give general agricultural information to the farmers in the counties in which they are assigned.
The State College holds institutes at the college and in various sections of the State during the year, and a radio lecture on some farm topic is broadcast each week day from Athens over W. S B the station of the Atlanta Journal.
The Georgia School of Technology, located in Atlanta, was established m 1885, in order that the youth of the State might be given education and training in technical subjects. Dr. M. L. Brittain is president.
Georgia Tech offers courses in general technical, engineering and
Z?v,T SU?JeCtS- TeXti'e ^^erlng * *e of the main subjects taught, there being a great demand for men with such education and training since the South is becoming such a textile center. Electrical

engineering is another course that is popular at Tech, following the power development in Georgia and. other Southern States.
Realizing the possibilities of the clays of Georgia, a department of ceramics was organized at Tech several years ago, which is devoted to the development of the uses of Georgia clays.
Other State colleges, agricultural and normal schools include the Georgia State Teachers College, Athens; Georgia State College for Women, Milledgeville; Georgia State Woman's College, Valdosta; North Georgia Agricultural College, Dahlonega; Bowdon State Normal and Industrial College, Bowdon; Georgia Normal College, Statesboro; Middle Georgia Agricultural College, Cochran; South Georgia Agricultural and Mechanical College, Tifton; South Georgia Junior State College, Douglas; State Agricultural and Normal College, Americus.
District colleges are located as follows: Fourth district, Carrollton; Fifth, Monroe; Sixth, Barnesville; Seventh, Powder Springs; Eighth, Madison; Ninth, Clarkesville; Tenth, Granite Hill, near Sparta.
Special State Institutions are the Academy for the Blind, Macon; Georgia School for the Deaf, Cave Spring; Georgia Training School for Mental Defectives, Gracewood.
A number of private and denominational colleges in Georgia include Agnes Scott College, Decatur; Andrew College, Cuthbert; Berry Schools, Rome; Bessie Tift College, Forsyth; Brenau College, Gainesville; Columbia Theological Seminary, Decatur; Darlington School for Boys, Rome; Emory University, Atlanta, with branches at Oxford and Valdosta; Georgia Military Academy, College Park; Georgia Military Institute, Milledgeville; LaGrange College, LaGrange; Lucy Cobb Institute, Athens; Marist College, Atlanta; Mercer University, Macon; Nacoochee-Rabun Gap Institute, Nacoochee; Norman Park Institute, Norman Park; Oglethorpe University, Atlanta; Piedmont College, Demorest; Piedmont Institute, Waycross; Reinhardt College, Waleska; Riverside Military Academy, Gainesville; Shorter College, Rome; Tallulah Falls Institute, Tallulah Falls; Wesleyan College, Macon; Young Harris College, Young Harris.
Churches for Every Denomination
Every Georgia community has its houses of worship, where each citizen may exercise his part in the religious life of the state. Every denomination and many forms of worship are to be found in the state. Religious freedom is a recognized principle by Georgia citizens. Many of the early settlers came here to escape religious persecution, seeking a land where they might worship according to the dictates of their own consciences.
In many of the rural communities the schools and churches are located on the same grounds, each forming a unit of community interest. Many beautiful church edifices are found in all sections of the State, both in the country and in the towns and cities.

Agricultural Experiment Stations
Georgia's two agricultural experiment stations, the Georgia Experiment Station, at Experiment, Ga., near Griffin, and the Coastal Plains Station, at Tifton, are accomplishing much for Georgia farmers in their research and experimental work.
The station at Experiment renders valuable service in testing seeds and doing general experimental work in plant life. In recent months this station has made valuable contributions to those interested in the preservation of fruit through the use of "dry ice". Two of these peach "freezing" plants already are in operation, one at Monticello and the other at Montezuma, and it is predicted that millions of bushels of Georgia fruits will be marketed through this method that heretofore have gone to waste. Dr. H. P. Stuckey is director of the station and the Commissioner of Agriculture is chairman of the Board of Directors.
The Costal Plain Experiment Station was created by the Legislature in 1918 and is located at Tifton. It was established for the Coastal Plain Region of the State for the purpose of making scientific investigation and experiments respecting agricultural subjects, and more particularly as they may be affected by soil and climatic conditions in South Georgia.
Tests are conducted and experiments made as regards seeds, soil, plants and fertilizers. Tests made in connection with growing tobacco is an important work at this station since this crop has made such rapid gains in that section.
Dr. S. H. Starr is Director of the Station and the Commissioner of Agriculture is a member of the Board of Trustees.
90

Containing
Assembled in the following pages is material frequently sought on the farm or in the farm home. As a quick reference, it will prove of value, a source of useful facts not usually available.
gia Department of Agriculture Atlanta, Ga
Acknowledgment is made to the Florida State Department of Agriculture and Hon. Nathan Mayo. Commissioner.

Farm Products Exempt from Taxation Neither the State of Georgia nor any incorporated municipality may legally levy a tax on Georgia farm products or the sale thereof, while such agricultural commodities remain in the hands of the producer.
The two section of the Georgia code specifically covering the exemption of farm products are as follows:
Code Section 998 (a) CERTAIN FARM PRODUCTS EXEMPT. (All farm products including baled cotton grown In this State and remaining in the hands of the producer but not longer than for the year next after their production shall be exempt from taxation.)
Acts 1913, page 122. Code Section 1851. (Code Section 1608) PRODUCE NOT TAXABLE BY CITIES OR TOWNS. No municipal corporation shall levy or assess a tax on cotton, or the sales thereof, nor levy or assess a tax on any agricultural products raised rn this btate, or the sales thereof (other than cotton), until after the expiration of three months from the time of their introduction into said corporation. Acts 1873. pages 67, 68.

Lawful Weight Bushel Measure of Farm Commodities
The legal weight of the following articles or commodities per bushel, as specified by Georgia law are as follows:
Of wheat, sixty pounds; of shelled corn, fifty-six pounds; of corn in the ear, seventy pounds; of peas, sixty pounds; of rye, fifty-six pounds; of oats, thirty-two pounds; of barley, forty-seven pounds; of Irish potatoes, sixty pounds; of sweet potatoes, fifty-five pounds; of white beans, sixty pounds; of clover-seed, sixty pounds; of timothy-seed, forty-five pounds; of flax-seed, fifty-six pounds; of hemp-seed, fortyfour pounds; of blue-grass seed, fourteen pounds; of buckwheat, fiftytwo pounds; of dried peaches (unpeeled), thirty-three pounds; of dried peaches (peeled), thirty-eight pounds; of dried apples, twenty-four pounds; of onions, fifty-seven pounds; of stone coal, eighty pounds; of unslacked lime, eighty pounds; of turnips, fifty-five pounds; of cornmeal, bolted or unbolted, forty-eight pounds; of wheat bran, twenty pounds; of cottonseed, thirty pounds; of ground-peas, twenty-five pounds; of plastering hair, eight pounds; of rough rice, forty-three pounds; of tan-bark, per cord, two thousand two hundred and fifty pounds. Acts 1876, p. 107; 1880, p. 150; 1894, p. 110; 1906, p. 118.
In the absence of express agreement otherwise the law fixes the weight of sweet potatoes at 55 pounds to the bushel. Fain v. Ennis, 4 Ga. App. 716, 62 S. E. 466.

Normal Weight for Calves

The Minnesota College of Agriculture, in Bulletin 215, reports the

normal weight of growing calves to be approximately as follows:

Birth

Holstein.

Jersey

90 lbs.

55 lbs.

20daysold 40 days old 60 days old

llOlbs. 135 lbs. 160 lbs.

70 lbs. 88 lbs. 108 lbs.

90daysold

200 lbs. 1551bs

92

The Vacationist's Paradise. Scenes in North Georgia Mountains. 1--Road, leading to Missionary Ridge. 2--Magestic mountains and peaceful valleys. 3. 4 and 5-- Types of mountain cottages at Oloudland. in Ohattooga County.

Weight of Fat Cattle Table for Estimating Weight of Fat Cattle.

Girth in Feet and Inches
5 Feet 6 Inches 5 Feet 7 Inches _ 5 Feet 8 Inches. _ 5 Feet 9 Inches 5 Feet 10 Inches. __ 5 Feet 11 Inches. 6 Feet 0 Inches 6Feet llnch... 6 Feet 2 Inches. 6 Feet 3 Inches. 6 Feet 4 Inches. 6 Feet 5 Inches 6 Feet 6 Inches. 6 Feet 7 Inches 6 Feet 8 Inches 6 Feet 9 Inches 6 Feet 10 Inches 6 Feet 11 Inches 7 Feet 0 Inches 7 Feet llnch 7 Feet 2 Inches 7 Feet 3 Inches

Medium Fat

Fair Shape Pounds

Good Shape Pounds

850 875 900 925 950 975 1,000 1,050 1,100 1,150 1,200 1,250 1,300 1,350 1,400 1,450 1,500 1,550 1,600 1,650 1,700 1,750

900 925 950 975 1,000 1,025 1,050 1,100 1,150 1,200 1,250 1,300 1,350 1,400 1,450 1,500 1,550 1,600 1,650 1,700 1,750 1,800

Weights and Volumes of Water
1 cubic inch of water weighs .03617 lbs. 1 cubic foot weighs 62.5 lbs. 1 pt. (liquid) weighs 1.044375 lbs. 1 gallon weighs 8.355 lbs.
1 cubic foot = 7.48052 gals. 1 gallon = 231 cu. inc. 1 liquid quart = 57.75 cu. in. Pressure in pounds per square inch of a column of water = height in feet x .434.

Foreign Measures of Distance Compared to Mile

American or English mile French kilometer German Geographical mile Russian verst.. Austrian mile Dutch ure
Norwegian mile Swedish mile Danish mile Swiss stunde

Mile Kilometer

i OOO 1.609

621

1.000

4.610

7.420

.663 1.067

4 714 3 458

7.586 5.565

7.021 11.299

6.644 10.692

4 682

7.536

g 987

4.808

94

Commodity Weights and Measures
A pint's a pound--or very nearly--of the following: water, wheat, butter, sugar, blackberries.
A gallon of milk weighs 8.6 lbs., cream 8.4 lbs., 46i qts. of milk weighs 100 lbs.
A keg of nails weighs 100 lbs. A barrel of flour weighs 196 lbs.; of salt, 280 lbs.; of beef, fish or pork, 200 lbs.; cement (4 bags) 376 lbs.
Cotton in a standard bale weighs 480 lbs. A bushel of coal weighs 80 lbs.
A barrel of cement contains 3.8 cu. ft.; of oil, 42 gals. A barrel for dry commodities contains 7,056 cu. in. or 105 dry qts. A bushel stroked contains 2,150.42 cu. in., a bushel heaped=2,747.7 cu.
in. (Used to measure apples, potatoes, shelled corn in bins.) A peck = 537.605 cu. ins. A dry quart = 67.201 cu. ins. A board foot =144 cu. in., a cord contains 128 cu. ft. A barrel of flour weighs 196 lbs. net; 4$ bu. of wheat makes a barrel of
"straight" flour. Solids (lbs. per cu. ft.)--Anthracite, 87-112; Cement, set, 170-190; Clay,
122-162; Coal, soft, 75-94; Glass, common, 150-175; Ice, 57; Iron, pure, 491; Iron, cast, 444; Ivory, 114-129; Lead, 711; Lime, mortar, 103-111; Lime, slaked, 81-87; Limestone, 167-171; Marble, 160-177; Paper, 44-72; Rock salt, 136; Sandstone, 134-147. Liquids--Alcohol, 50.4; Benzene, 56.1; Gasoline, 41.0-43.0; Milk, 64.264.6; Cocoanut oil, 57.7. Woods--Cedar, 30-35; Ebony, 69-83; Pine, white, 22-31; Pine, yellow, 2337; Hickory, 37-58; Mahogany, 41; Maple, 37-17; Oak, 37-56; Walnut, 40-43.
The Capacity of a Silo
To find the capacity of a silo, multiply one-half the diameter, or onehalf the width across, by the same figure, then by 3.1416, and this product by the height of the silo. If the measurements are in feet, this will give the number of cubic feet in the silo. Multiply the number of cubic feet by 35 (the average number of pounds of silage to the cubic foot) and divide by 2,000 to determine the number of tons.
To Determine Quantity of Hay in Rick
Generally, 512 cubic feet of hay in stack or mow weigh one ton. To determine with reasonable accuracy the number of tons of hay in a rick of average shape, multiply the over (that is, the distance from the ground on one side to the ground on the other) by the width, then the length, and then by 0.37.
95

Watermelon Loading Rules
FIRST--Cars shall be ventilated on sides and ends. No cars shall be deemed standard loaded without such ventilation.
SECOND--Melons shall be carefully handled, stacked and piled tightly.
THIRD--No cars shall be deemed standard loaded unless papered around the side and ends to the full height of the melons. The floor shall be properly beded with either excelsior, pine straw or other suitable bedding. In no event will sawdust or shavings be accepted. Do not close vents with paper.
FOURTH--Melons of Watson and Grey varieties shall be graded as follows:

Average 18 lbs. 20 lbs. 22 lbs. 24 lbs. 26 lbs. 28 lbs. 30 lbs. 32 lbs. 34 lbs. 36 lbs.

Min. Weight 16 lbs. 18 lbs. 20 lbs. 22 lbs. 24 lbs. 26 lbs. 28 lbs. 30 lbs. 32 lbs. 34 lbs.

Max. Weight 20 lbs. 22 lbs. 24 lbs. 26 lbs. 28 lbs. 30 lbs. 32 lbs. 34 lbs. 36 lbs. 38 lbs.

Depth 5 deep 5 deep 4 deep 4 deep 4 deep 4 deep 4 deep 4 deep 4 deep 4 deep

Count 1600 melons 1500 melons 1150 melons 1050 melons 1000 melons 960 melons 880 melons 840 melons 800 melons 720 melons

Melons of Dixie Bell variety shall be graded as follows:

Average 18 lbs. 20 lbs. 22 lbs. 24 lbs. 26 lbs. 28 lbs. 30 lbs. 32 lbs. 34 lbs. 36 lbs. 38 lbs.

Min. Weight 16 lbs. 18 lbs. 20 lbs. 22 lbs. 24 lbs. 26 lbs. 28 lbs. 30 lbs. 32 lbs. 34 lbs. 36 lbs.

Max. Weight 20 lbs. 22 lbs. 24 lbs. 26 lbs. 28 lbs. 30 lbs. 32 lbs. 34 lbs. 36 lbs. 38 lbs. 40 lbs.

Depth 4 deep 4 deep 3 deep 3 deep 3 deep 3 deep 3 deep 3 deep 3 deep 3 deep 3 deep

Count 1350 melons 1200 melons 1050 melons 1000 melons 920 melons 860 melons 800 melons 760 melons 720 melons 680 melons 640 melons

FIFTH--Melons shall be fresh clipped from vines and loaded into cars within 24 hours from time clipped. No illshaped, diseased, specked or otherwise imperfect melons to be loaded in standard cars. Melons to be taken from healthy green vines only. No melons shall be loaded while wet or on wet bedding.
SIXTH--All melons shall be treated for stem-end rot with a paste made from a formula approved by the Bureau of Plant Industry of the Department of Agriculture of the United States.
SEVENTH--No cars shall be deemed standard loaded unless all of the foregoing rules are complied with, and shippers and growers are urged against loading any cars which will not conform to the above standard.
96

Soil Improvement Demonstrations conducted by Atlanta & West Point and Georgia Railroad. E. S. Center, Jr., general agricultural agent. 1--Taliaierro County, hairy vetch and Austrian peas. 2--Oglethorpe County. E. O. Cabiness in field of Austrian peas on his farm. 3--Newton County, hairy vetch on farm of E. G. Martin. 4--Baldwin County, field of Austrian peas on farm of M. E. Webb. 5--Rockdale County, sign in field of Austrian peas. 6--Greene County. Austrian peas and hairy vetch. 7--Columbia County, hairy vetch on farm of H. O. Hatcher. 8-McDuffie County, field of Austrian peas. 9--Jones County, making weight cuttings of hairy vetch on farm of W. B. Williams near Haddock. Ga.

Law Bans Certain Sized Hampers and Baskets
The standard containers act of 1928 passed by the Federal Congress fixes the standard for hampers, round stave baskets, and splint baskets for fruits and vegetables and for other purposes.
This new legislation defines standard hampers and round stave baskets for fruits and vegetables to be of the following capacity: | bushel, \ bushel, bushel, f bushel, \ bushel, 1 bushel, \\ bushels, \\ bushels, and 2 bushels. For the purpose of the act a bushel, standard dry measure, has a capacity of 2,150.42 cubic inches
This act describes standard splint baskets for fruits and vegetables to be of 4 quart, 8 quart, 12 quart, 24 quart, and 32 quart baskets. The standard quart, dry measure, for the purpose of this act has a capacity of 67.2 cubic inches.
The enforcement of this act is in the Bureau of Agricultural Economics of the United States Department of Agriculture, and on and after November 1, 1929, it will be unlawful for any manufacturer to sell or offer for sale hampers, round-stave baskets, or splint baskets for fruits and vegetables that do not comply with this act. This applies to both intrastate and interstate shipments.
This law was brought about because of the fact that many containers were made which gave to the untrained eye the appearance of having a greater capacity than they actually did. For instance, \ bushel hamper is not readily distinguishable from a bushel hamper to the untrained eye.
Those wishing complete information concerning regulations may obtain it by writing to the Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.

To Keep Horse Flies Off Farm Animals

It may be impossible for the man who has droves of cattle on the
ranges to apply a remedy to keep the flies from drawing their blood and
vitality, but that is not impossible for the man with a few cattle on the farm, especially dairy cattle.

Many fly-control preparations are on the market, some of which are good and some of which are worthless. In order to be safe use any one of the three following formulas which are recommended by Professor J. R. Watson, entomologist of the Florida Experiment Station:

No. 1: LWaautenrdry soap crude petroleum:::::::::::;

--V, I.PSmou?mnTM.d

Powdered napthaline

..S~~~"SS"S"S~~"SJ"J:"".".4 ounces

No. 2: Fish oil

innTM,*,.

Oil of tar

""

'wSJlH

crude carbolic acid.....::::::;;:::::;;;:;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ^^g

No. 3: Laurel oil Llnseedoil-

.

. _0_f

-"::"::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::ioKSS

One may buy the ingredients and prepare the solution himself and save considerable money thereby. All must be thoroughly emulsified by running through a spray pump after which they are ready to be sprayed upon the animals. Any of them, if properly prepared and applied, should keep a cow or horse free of flies for at least a day.

98

How Long Does it Take?

This table shows how much time it takes, on the average, to do the ordinary farm jobs, over the country as a whole. A work day is 10 hours of man or horse labor.

OPERATIONS

Work Days

Production of crops (per acre):

Man Horse

Timothy, alfalfa and clover hay per cutting

1

1

Oats, wheat, barley, rye, buckwheat and millet

2

3

Corn husked from standing stalks

2

4.5

Corn husked from shock, or for silo

5

5.5

Corn for silo, Central States

3

5.5

Corn husked, Southern States

4

Sorghum cut for hay

3

Irish potatoes, Northern States

11

10

Irish potatoes, Southern States

13

7

Sweet potatoes

10

5

Sugarbeets

6

10

Sugar cane for sirup, Georgia

16

7

Tobacco, Kentucky

35

8

Cotton

13

6

Peanuts (harvested), Georgia

5

3

Peanuts (hogged off), Georgia

3

2

Watermelons, Georgia and Florida

5

4

Field Beans

4

5.5

Rice, Louisiana, Arkansas and Texas

3.5 5.5

Cabbage, Northern States

13

12

Cabbage, Southern States

20

8

Onions, Texas (sold by crate)

68

14

Onions, Ohio, grown from sets (sold in bunches)

93

10

Onions, Ohio, grown from seed (sold in bunches)

149

10

Tomatoes, Northern States

- 15

11

Tomatoes, Florida

17

7

Cucumbers, Florida

32

10

String Beans, Florida

22

7

Strawberries, Florida

74

9

Citrus fruits, Southern States

10

7

Radishes, Ohio (sold in bunches)

45

5

Beets and carrots, Ohio (sold in bunches)

82

8

Apples

15

5

Caring for live stock (per year, except feeding steers and

feeding sheep):

Horses, corn-belt States

8

.75

Horses, Eastern States

12

.75

Dairy cows

18

2

Young stock, cattle, colts, etc

2.5 2

20 feeding steers, per month

2

1.5

10 hogs, corn-belt States

10

2

10 hogs, Eastern States

20

2

10 brood sows and raising pigs to weaning

30

5

lOOewes

50

5

100 feeding sheep, yards lot, per mo

3.5 3

100 chickens (well cared for)

20

2

The total mileage of roads in Georgia's state system is 7,088. Of this, 2,022 was hard-surfaced January 1, 1930 and 304 miles are covered with a semi-hard surface. More than 2,100 miles of the system is graded and top-soiled.

Amount of Seed Used Per Acre

Estimated Range

Average

0f Bulk of

of Reports

Plantings

Alfalfa, broadcast, lb Alfalfa, drilled, lb Barley, bu Beans, field, small, bu Beans, field, large, bu Beets, common (not sugar) lb._ Blue Grass, bu Broom, corn, lb Buckwheat, bu Cabbage plants, no Clover, alsike lb Clover, Japan, lb Clover, mammoth lb Clover, red, alone, lb Clover, red, on grain, lb Clover, crimson, lb Corn, for grain, lb Corn, fodder, for silage, lb Cotton, bu
Cowpeas, for forage, bu Cowpeas, in drill with corn bu. Cowpeas, for seed, bu Field peas, small, bu Field peas, large, bu Flaxseed, lb Oats, bu
Orchard grass, lb Peanuts, bu Potatoes, bu Rice bu Rye, for grain, bu Rye, for forage, bu
Soy beans, drilled, bu Soy beans, broadcast, bu Sugar beets, lb Sweet potato plants, no. Timothy, lb
Tobacco plants, no Wheat, bu

18.3 14.8 1.84
.76 1.29 6.3 1.07 6.0
.98 5,658 8.7 9.9 10.4 10.7 9.8 12.1 9.5 26.0
.96
1.31 .63 .70 .93
1.17 29.2 2.37 12.6
1.02 8.6 1.98 1.44 1.82
.79 1.37 13.1 6,605 9.4 4,762 1.38

15 to 20 12 to 18 1.5 to 2.0
.5 to 1.0 1.0 to 1.5 5.5 to 7.5 .75 to 1.25 3 to 7
.75 to 1.25 5,000 to 7,000
to 12 to 15 to 12 8 to 12 8 to 12 10 to 15 6 to 12 15 to 35 to 1.1 to 1.5 .40 to .65 .50 to .75 .75 to 1.25 1.0 to 1.5 25 to 30 2.0 to 2.5 10 to 15 1.0 to 1.1 7 to 12 1.5 to 2.5 1.25 to 1.75 1.5 to 2.0 .50 to 1.00 1.00 to 1.50 12 to 18 6,000 to 7,000 8 to 12
1.25 to 1.75

Storing Fruits and Vegetables
Where fruits and vegetables are stored in cellars, barns, pits, or other places, there are certain requirements that must be met in order to avoid decay.

Only products that are free of diseases should be stored. Often lack of air causes rotting. Dry heat will cause spoiling more quickly than any other condition. When these products are stored in a dry place and begin to shrivel, sprinkle the floor with water frequently, every day if necessary. When put in storage pits, lack of ventilation is often the cause of rotting. Pits should be provided with a flue or chimney in the top so as to give the proper ventilation. It is during the first month or two of storage that most ventilation is needed, as that is the time when the most moisture is given off.

100

Scenes in Columbia County. All views from Seroco (arm. 1- -Beef cattle grazing on pastures. 2--Farm home of Edward Smith. 3-Farm superintendent s residence. 4--Forestry development in Columbia County. 5--Sheep on pasture. 6--Barn and hogs. 7--Barn and hog houses.

Number Trees or Plants to an Acre

Distance Apart

No. Plants Per Acre

Distance Apart

No. Plants Per Acre

12 by 1 inch 12 by 3 inches. 18 by linch... 18 by 3 inches. 18 by 12 inches. 18 by 18 inches. 24 by 12 inches. 24 by 18 inches. 30 by linen... 30 by 6 inches. 30 by 12 inches. 30 by 24 inches. 40 by 30 inches. 36 by 3 inches. 36 by 30 inches. 42 by 24 inches. 42 by 36 inches. 42 by 42 inches. 48 by 18 inches. 6 by 6 inches. 1 foot by 1 foot 1 foot by 2 feet, 1 foot by 3 feet.

522 ,720 174 ,240 348 480 116 ,160
29 ,040 19 ,360
21 ,780 14 ,520 209 ,088 34 ,848
17 ,424 8 ,712
9 ,970
58 ,080 5 ,808 6 ,223 4 ,148
3 556 7 790 174 240
43 560 21 780 14 520

1 foot by H feet. 2 feet by 2 feet. 2 feet by feet, 3 feet by feet, 4 feet by foot 4 feet by feet4 feet by feet, 4 feet by feet, 5 feet by feet, 6 feet by feet., 7 feet by feet, 8 feet by feet, 9 feet by feet 10 feet by 10 feet,
12 feet by 12 feet,
20 feet by 20 feet, 25 feet by 25 feet,
30 feet by 30 feet., 35 feet by 35 feet., 40 feet by 40 feet,
50 feet by 50 feet,
60 feet by 60 feet,
70 feet by 70 feet..

19,360 10,890 7,260 4,840 10,890 5,445 3,630 2,772 1,742 1,210
888 680 537 435 302 108 70 48 35 27 17 12
9

To find the number of plants or trees in an acre at any distance apart, multiply the one distance in feet by the other to give the square feet in each space and divide this distance into 43,560. Example: 4 by 4 feet equals 16 square feet. By dividing this into 43,560, the number of square feet in an acre, we have 2,722, which is the number of plants required to set an acre when put 4 by 4 feet apart.
The table above gives the number required for most of the distances ordinarily used.

Period of Incubation

The period of incubation varies with different species of poultry, as shown in the following table:

Kind of Poultry Hen Pheasant Duck.. Duck (Muscovy) Turkey

Days 21
. 22-24 28
33-35 28

Kind of Poultry Peafowl Guinea fowl ostrich Goose Pigeon

" :::::::::::
'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.

rjays 28
2R-28 30 17

The period of incubation varies somewhat with conditions so that

a hatch may run one or two days over in some cases, because of an acci-

dent during incubation or a low temperature throughout that period

or it may come off earlier. If through any accident the eggs are chilled

or overheated, it is advisable to continue the hatch, testing the eggs

after a few days to determine the extent of the damage.

102

Gestation Table
In the following table, the last day of each month and the 10th and 20th of the succeeding month only are given. Intervening days can be quickly and easily figured. For instance, when the time of service is, say, January 6th, simply add 6 days to the December 31st expiration date; February 3rd, add 3 days to the January 31st expiration date; March 17th, add 7 days to the March 10th expiration date, etc.

Time of Service
Dec. 31 Jan. 10 Jan. 20 Jan. 31 Feb. 10 Feb. 20 Feb. 28 Mar. 10 Mar. 20 Mar. 31 Apr. 10 Apr. 20 Apr. 30 May 10 May 20 May 31 June 10 June 20 June 30 July 10 July 20 July 31 Aug. 10 Aug. 20 Aug. 31 Sept. 10 Sept. 20 Sept. 30 Oct. 10 Oct. 20 Oct. 31 Nov. 10 Nov. 20 Nov. 30 Dec. 10 Dec. 20 Dec. 31

Mares 340 Days
Dec. 6 Dec. 16 Dec. 26 Jan. 6 Jan. 16 Jan. 26 Feb. 3 Feb. 13 Feb. 23 Mar. 6 Mar. 16 Mar. 26 Apr. 5 Apr. 15 Apr. 25 May 6 May 16 May 26 June 5 June 15 June 25 July 6 July 16 July 26 Aug. 6 Aug. 16 Aug. 26 Sept. 5 Sept. 15 Sept. 25 Oct. 6 Oct. 16 Oct. 26 Nov. 5 Nov. 15 Nov. 25 Dec. 6

Cows 285 Days
Oct. 12 Oct. 22 Nov. 1 Nov. 12 Nov. 22 Dec. 2 Dec. 10 Dec. 20 Dec. 30 Jan. 10 Jan. 20 Jan. 30 Feb. 9 Feb. 19 Mar. 1 Mar. 12 Mar. 22 Apr. 1 Apr. 11 Apr. 21 May 1 May 12 May 22 June 1 June 12 June 22 July 2 July 12 July 22 Aug. 1 Aug. 12 Aug. 22 Sept. 1 Sept. 11 Sept. 21 Oct. 1 Oct. 12

Ewes 150 Days
May 30 June 9 June 19 June 30 July 10 July 20 July 28 Aug. 7 Aug. 17 Aug. 28 Sept. 7 Sept. 17 Sept. 27 Oct. 7 Oct. 17 Oct. 28 Nov. 7 Nov. 17 Nov. 27 Dec. 7 Dec. 17 Dec. 28 Jan. 7 Jan. 17 Jan. 28 Feb. 7 Feb. 17 Feb. 27 Mar. 9 Mar. 19 Mar. 30 Apr. 9 Apr. 19 Apr. 29 May 9 May 19 May 30

Sows 112 Days
Apr. 22 May 2 May 12 May 23 June 2 June 12 June 20 June 30 July 10 July 21 July 31 Aug. 10 Aug. 20 Aug. 30 Sept. 9 Sept. 20 Sept. 30 Oct. 10 Oct. 20 Oct. 30 Nov. 9 Nov. 20 Nov. 30 Dec. 10 Dec. 21 Dec. 31 Jan. 10 Jan. 20 Jan. 30 Feb. 9 Feb. 20 Mar. 2 Mar. 12 Mar. 22 Apr. 1 Apr. 11 Apr. 22

Mineral resources in Georgia total $16,523,000, according to the last available report of the State Geologist. The three leading minerals, listed in the report are: Brick and tile, valued at $3,645,000; marble, $2,930,000, and granite, $2,276,000.
103

Preserving and Candling Eggs
U. S. Department of Agriculture Farmers' Bulletin 1109
Preserving in Water Glass.--To preserve 15 dozen eggs in water glass, the following directions should be followed:
(1) Select a 5-gallon crock (earthen or stone) and clean it thoroughly, then scald and allow to dry.
(2) Heat 10 to 12 quarts of water to the boiling point and allow it to cool.
(3) When cool, measure out 9 quarts of water, place in the crock, and add 1 quart of (commonly called water glass), which can be purchased at almost any drug store. Stir well so that the solution becomes thoroughly mixed.
The solution thus prepared is ready for the eggs, which may be put in all at once or from time to time as they are obtainable. Care should be taken in putting them in the jar not to crack or break the shells; also make sure that the solution covers the eggs by at least two inches at all times.
Put the crock containing the preserved eggs in a cool, dry place and cover with a tight lid or waxed paper to prevent evaporation.
To preserve a smaller or larger number of eggs, the solution should be mixed and prepared in the same proportion.
Preserving With Lime Solution.--If water glass is not obtainable, lime may be used. It is not considered so good as water glass, as in some instances eggs preserved by this method have tasted slightly of lime, although at other times lime water has proven entirely satisfactory.
To preserve with lime, dissolve 2 pounds of unslaked lime in a small quantity of water and dilute with five gallons of water that has previously been boiled and cooled. Allow the mixture to stand until the lime settles, then pour off and use the clear liquid. Place clean, fresh eggs in a clean earthenware crock or jar and pour the clear limewater into the vessel until the eggs are covered. At least 2 inches of the solution should cover the top layer of eggs.
If best results are to be obtained the eggs should be fresh and clean and preferably infertile. For this reason it is always best when possible to candle the eggs carefully before preserving them unless they are known to be strictly fresh. If an egg is only slightly soiled a cloth dampened with vinegar may be used to remove the stains, but eggs should not be washed with water or soap and water, as water removes the protecting coating that is on the shell and may tend to cause the contents to spoil. Under no circumstances should badly soiled or cracked eggs be used for preserving, as one or more such eggs in a jar may spoil all the others.
Using Preserved Eggs.--Fresh eggs preserved according to these directions will usually keep from 6 to 10 months and can be used satisfactorily for all purposes in cooking and for the table. If, however, preserved eggs are to be boiled, a small hole should be made with a pin
104

EBEHiSBWBBU Greene and Elbert County scenes. 1--Dairy herd of R. H. Gaines on pasture in Greene County. 2--Three of Ed Lewis' high-producing Jerseys in Greene. 3--parry cows on pasture (arm of H. O. Stewart in Greene. 4--Community bull, pure bred Jersey "Sybil Fourth's Pilot", in Greene. 5--Herd of Jerseys on dairy farm of Mr. and Mrs. A. B. Crisp, Elbert County. 6--Farm home of Mr. and Mrs. Crisp. 7--Dairy calves in Elbert. 8--Barns and milk house on Crisp farm. 9--Pure bred Jersey bull, on Crisp farm.

in the larger end of the shell before placing them in the water, to allow the air in the egg to escape when heated and thus prevent cracking.
Fertile and Infertile Eggs.--An infertile egg is one laid by a hen that has not been with a male bird for 2 or 3 weeks and the germ cell of which is not fertilized. The length of time varies somewhat, but ordinarily all eggs will be infertile after the male has been separated from the flock for from 2 to 3 weeks. If the germ cell of the egg has not been fertilized the egg will not hatch, and it is impossible for a blood ring to form in such an egg when exposed to heat, which so often happens with fertile eggs. Infertile eggs will keep much longer than fertile eggs, and are best for ah purposes excepting hatching.
A fertile egg is just the opposite of an infertile one. It is an egg laid by a hen that has been allowed to run with a male bird within 2 or 3 weeks and the germ cell of which is fertilized. The length of time required for fertilizing varies somewhat, depending on the vigor of the male. Generally speaking, however, a good percentage of the eggs will prove fertile after the male has been with the flock from 2 to 3 weeks. Fertile eggs are the ones from which chicks are hatched, and are desirable for hatching purposes only, as they spoil much sooner than infertile eggs, often resulting in heavy losses.
The male bird makes the egg fertile, and the fertile egg, if heated, develops a blood ring, making it unfit to eat. If you do want hatching eggs, then allow the male to run with the flock during the hatching season, but take him away after the hatching is completed. The hens will lay just as many eggs without a male as with one.
Candling Eggs.--By the term "candling" is meant the discarding or sorting out of the bad eggs from the good ones by holding the egg before a strong light in such manner than the rays of the light come to the eye through the egg so that the condition of the contents can be seen.
The shell of a new-laid egg has a soft "glow" or "bloom" which is a visible sign of perfect freshness. This glow or bloom is destroyed by handling and in any case disappears after the egg has been exposed to the air for a short time. After that it is difficult to tell a fresh egg from an old one by the appearance of the shell; therefore candling becomes necessary if you would be sure that the egg is good.
Eggs can be candled best in a dark room, by the use of a bright light inclosed in a box or case having a hole a trifle smaller than an egg directly opposite the light. At this hole the egg is held for examination. An ordinary hand lamp, a lantern, an incandescent bulb, or a flashlight may be used. Any box, that set on end, is large enough to hold the lamp will do. In addition to the hole opposite the light there should be a hole at the top end of the box, otherwise the heat from the top of the chimney would set the box on fire. A tester chimney made of tin such as used on a lamp for testing eggs in incubators may be used for candling. When such a chimney is available the box is not necessary, as the eggs are tested by means of the hole in the side of the chimney.
The box and light should be placed on a table or a shelf where most convenient. Place on one side the eggs that are to be candled and on
106

the other side have separate boxes (or anything that will hold the eggs) for the good and the bad eggs. Hold the eggs, one by one, large end up, close to the light.
A perfectly good fresh egg shows "full" and "clear" before the light. There is almost no air cell at the large end, and the yolk outline is only faintly visible. A fixed air cell of one-eighth to three-sixteenths of an inch in depth indicates a fresh egg as eggs run generally. A larger air cell with a movable lower line indicates--according to sizes and fluctuations--a stale egg or one becoming weak and watery.
Very small dark spots which sometimes may be seen are usually blood clots. Large dark spots, blood rings, and shadows are due to heat and germination and indicate the first stages of decay. An egg that looks very dark or black, except for a large fixed air cell, contains a chick at an advanced stage of incubation. An egg which looks dark when tested in the same way but shows a large air cell with a movable lower line is usually in an advanced stage of fluid decomposition, or what is commonly known as a "rotten egg."
At first it may be a little difficult to test the eggs as here directed, but with a little practice it becomes a very simple matter.
Preserving Eggs by the Use of Water Glass.--Use pure water that has been thoroughly boiled and then cooled. To each ten quarts of water add one quart of water glass. Pack the eggs in a jar and pour solution over them, cover well. Keep the eggs in a cool, dark place. A dry, cool cellar is a good place. If the eggs are kept in too warm a place the silicate is deposited and the eggs are not properly protected. Do not wash the eggs before packing, for by so doing you injure their keeping quality, probably dissolving the mucillaginous coating on the outside of the shell. For packing, use only perfectly fresh eggs, for stale eggs will not be saved and may prove harmful to the others.
Water glass is a very cheap product, that can usually be procured at about 50 cents per gallon, and one gallon would make enough solution to preserve 50 dozen eggs, so that the cost of material for this method would be only about a cent per dozen.
Water glass is sodium and potassium silicate, sodium silicate being usually the cheaper. If wooden kegs or barrels are used in which to pack the eggs, they should first be thoroughly scalded with boiling water, to sweeten and purify them.

Average Yield of Products From One Cord of Fat Pine

Turpentine Pine oil Akrole Refined Tar Oil

12 gallons 4 gallons 4 gallons
.14 gallons

Pitch Residue Charcoal Acid Water

5 gallons 50 gallons 150 gallons

107

In Case of Poison

First. Send for a physician. Second. Empty the stomach by an emetic--a teaspoonful of mustard or two teaspoonfuls of common salt in tepid water; teaspoonful of alum in water. Tickle the throat with a feather or finger. Apply antidotes as follows.:

Poison
Acetic Acid. Alcoholic Liauors Ammonia.Antimony Aqua fortis Arsenic Bitter Almond Blue Vitriol Bug Poison Carbolic Acid Carbonic Acid Gas Charcoal Fumes Chloride of Zinc Chloform, inhaled Chloform, swallowed Coal Gas Copperas.. Corrosive sublimate Ether inhaledEther swallowed

Antidote No.
6 10 9 5 6 2 . 7 3 3 3 10 10 5 10 1 10 3 3 10 1

Poison
LaudanumLye.. MorphineMuriatic Acid Nitre.-Nitric AcidOpium Oxalic Acid-. Paris Green Phosphorus Prussic Acid Rat Poison Saltpetre Sugar of Lead Sulphuric Acid Strychnine Tartaric Acid Toad-stools White Lead White Vitriol

Antidote No. 1 9
1 6 9 6 1 6 2 2 7 2 9 4 8 1 6 4 4 5

1. Emetic. If patient is drowsy, give cold coffee; keep awake and moving.
2. Emetic. Warm extremities; give large doses of magnesia; raw eggs; lime water; milk; flour and water.
3. White of eggs, milk, flour and water; give largely for ten minutes, then give emetic and follow by mild stimulants.
4. Mustard emetic followed by Epsom salt. 5. Emetic. Give warm water to relieve vomiting; tea to tablespoonful baking powder, salaratus, chalk, lime or magnesia, followed by milk and white of egg.
6. Emetic. Baking powder, etc., as in No. 5, followed by Unseed tea or slippery elm tea.
7. Emetic. Followed by brandy or by teaspoonful ammonia in pint of water.
8. Large quantities of water followed by large doses magnesia or lime.
9. Drink diluted vinegar or lemon juice, follow with tablespoonful castor oil, cream, sweet oil or Unseed oil; then with teaspoonful doses an hour apart for three hours.
10. Fresh air, inhalation of ammonia; warm extremities; artificial breathing, as in drowning.

Taxes paid into the office of Comptroller General Harrison in 1929 amounted to $19,993,278.79, and this figure will be increased to $23,904,667.37 when a gross balance of $3,911,387.58, yet to be collected, is paid, according to the state auditor's report to the governor. This represents a substantial increase over 1928 when $22,114,993.97 was colected.

108

Georgia Experiment Station, near Griffin. 1-Picturesaue entrance to station grounds. 2-Main laboratory and administration building 3--Dr. H. P. btuckey director of station and noted horticulturist. 4-Station library. 5-Green houses laboratories where plants are studied and developed. 6--Laboratory where plant, diseases are studied. 7--Dairy laboratory of the experiment station.

First Aid to the Injured
In Case of Injury Where Physician Cannot be Secured.
Drowning.--1. Loosen clothing if any. 2. Empty lungs of water by laying body on its stomach and lifting it by the middle so that the head hangs down. Jerk the body a few times. 3. Pull tongue forward, using handkerchief, or pin with string if necessary. 4. Imitate motion of respiration by alternately compressing and expanding the lower ribs about twenty times a minute. Alternately raising and lowering the arms from the sides up above the head will stimulate the action of the lungs. Let it be done gently but persistently. 5. Apply warmth and friction to extremities. 6. By holding the tongue forward, closing the nostrils and pressing the "Adam's Apple" back (so as to close the entrance to the stomach), direct inflation can be tried. Take a deep breath and breath it forcibly into the mouth of patient, compress the chest to expel the air, and repeat the operation. 7. Don't give up! People have been saved after hours of patient, vigorous effort. 8. When breathing begins get patient into a warm bed, give warm drinks or spirits in teaspoonfuls, fresh air and quiet.
Burns and Scalds.--Cover with cooking soda and lay wet cloths over it. Whites of eggs and olive oil. Olive or Unseed oil, plain or mixed with chalk or whiting. Sweet or olive oil and lime water.
Lightning.--Dash cold water over the person struck.
Sunstroke.--Loosen clothing. Get patient into shade and apply ice cold water to head. Keep head in elevated position.
Mad Dog or Snake Bite.--Tie cord tight above wound. Suck the wound and cauterize with caustic or white hot iron at once, or cut adjoining parts with a sharpe knife. Give stimulants; as Whiskey, Brandy, etc.
Venomous Insects' Stings, Etc.--Apply weak Ammonia, Oil, Salt Water or Iodine.
Fainting.--Place flat on back; allow fresh air and sprinkle with water. Place head lower than rest of body.
Cinders in the Eye.--Roll soft paper up like a lamplighter, and wet the tip to remove, or use a medicine dropper to draw it out. Rub the other eye.
Fire From Kerosene-- Dont' use Water, it will spread the flames. Dirt, sand, or flour is the best extinguisher, or smother with woolen rug, tablecloth or carpet.
Suffocation From Inhailing Illuminating Gas.--Get into the fresh air as soon as possible and he down. Keep warm. Take ammonia--twenty drops to a tumbler of water at frequent intervals; also two to four drops tincture nux vomica every hour or two for five or six hours.
110

Percentage [>f Plant Food in Animal Excrements

Kind of Portion Excrement Water Nitrogen Phosphoric Potash

Animal

%

%

%

Acid %

%

Horse

Solid--.

80

Liquid..

20

Mixed

Cow

Solid..._

70

Liquid._

30

Mixed

Pig

Solid....

60

Liquid..

40

Mixed

Sheep Solid....

67

Liquid..

33

Mixed

Hen

Mixed

75

0.55

90

1.35

78

0.70

85

0.40

92

1.00

86

0.60

80

0.55

97

0.40

87

0.50

60

0.75

85

1.35

68

0.95

55

1.00

0.30 trace 0.25 0.20 trace
0.15 0.50 0.10 0.35 0.50
0.05 0.35 0.80

0.40 1.25 0.55 0.10 1.35
0.45 0.40
0.45 0.40 0.45 2.10 1.00
0.40

Composition of Dried or Water-Free Excrements.

Kind of Animal

Portion of Excrement

Horse. Cow. Pig---Sheep.

Solid.. Liquid Solid. _
Liquid Solid. _
Liquid Solid.. Liquid

Nitrogen /o
2.20 13.50 2.65 12.50 2.75 13.00
1.90 9.00

Potash %
1.60 12.50 0.65 17.00 2.00 15.00
1.15 14.00

Plant Food Constituents Produced Annually in Excrements by Farm Animals Per 1,000 Pounds of Live Weight.

Kind of Animal

Nitrogen

C0M

tf to

Phosphoric Acid

a

Xlfil Oil

Potash

X3 m 3=1,0 OJ

d to

Horse Cow.. Pig Sheep Hen

79

49

43

58

45

23.60

76

80

38

19

108

29.60

101

49

92

12

73

55

30.60

62

57

42

2

38

88

24.25

85

68

32

18.70

Value cif Plant food Constit uents

111

How Late to Plant Vegetables

In planting the fall garden, it is well to plant a big variety of vege-

tables--practically all of those planted in the spring. It is usually best

to make the last plantings so they will mature just before frost, pro-

vided they are kinds that will not withstand frost. The table herewith

lists some of the more common vegetables that will not stand frost and

the number of days it usually takes them to mature under average con-

ditions. This information will enable us to determine how late we can

wait to plant these vegetables and have them mature before frost:

Vegetables
Bush lima beans Snapbeans... Black-eyed peas Lady peas

Days to mature
70 to 80 45 to 55 65 to 75 60 to 70

Vegetables
Irish potatoes CucumbersSquash Tomatoes

Days to mature
75 to 100 55 to 80 60 to 80 100 to 120

Vegetables which will withstand considerable frost, but not very hard freezes, and the number of days it ordinarily takes them to mature are listed in the following table:

Vegetables
Mustard Turnips Carrots Beets Swiss chard Radishes Lettuce

Days to mature
30 to 40 60 to 80 65 to 85 65to 70 45 to 65 20 to 30 60 to 75

Vegetables
Onions from seed.Onions. sets for green Kohl-Rabi linglish peas CabbageCauliflower Chinese Cabbage

Days to mature
130 to 150 35 to 40 65 to 75 40 to 70 90 to 120 100 to 125 - 90 to 110

The following list of vegetables will stand in the open throughout

the winter in most sections of the South, and may be planted well into

the fall:

Vegetables
Spinach Kale Rape Collards

Days to mature
30 to 60 90 to 120 -_ 90 to 120 100 to 130

Vegetables
Salsify Parsnips Rutabagas...

Days to mature
150 150 80 to 100

Creamery Costs Analyzed

Southern Dairy Products Journal

A recent study of the cost of operating creameries, made by L. C.

Thompson, of the University of Wisconsin, reveals some interesting

cost figures.

The average costs of operating a creamery are shown in the following

table:

Supplies Labor Depreciation Fuel

39.38c, 31.50 12.33 7.53

Interest Ice
Taxes
Insurance

3.43 2.40
2.40
1.03

In this study, a questionnaire was sent to all of the creameries in

Wisconsin. Forty-seven creameries in 23 counties responded, which

during the year of the survey made 27,000,000 pounds of butter, or 19

per cent of the State's output, so the figures can be taken as fairly re-

presentative of the industry.

While the figures may not apply to all sections, they will give the

creamery manager a fair idea of how his costs should be divided in ope-

erating his plant, and may result in a study of local costs and a result-

ing increase in the efficiency of the plant.

They are worth pasting up in the office for comparison.

112

1-Dr Andrew M. Soule, president of the Georgia State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. 2-View of main building known as Connor Hall. 3-Hardman Hall, which houses the Division of Animal Husbandry. 4-Soule Hall in which the activities associated with Home Economics and Physical Education for women now center. 5--Barrow Hall, occupied by the Division of Agricultural Engineering and Forestry.

Homemade Stock Feed or Tonic

The stock and condimental feeds that are generally bought on the

market, which are represented to be conditioners, tonics, and fatteners,

have for their foundation simple and well-known drugs and feeds. If

a tonic or feed is desired, one of known composition may be mixed at

home with entirely satisfactory results. The following two formulas

are suggested:
I.
Glauber salt Soda Salt. Fenugreek Linseed meal.

II.

Pounds
2 l l 25 y%

SGallatupbeeterrsalt FGeennutgiarneek Linseed meal

Pounds
51J 1 2 50

A heaping tablespoonful of one of the above mixtures fed with the grain 3 times a day is sufficient.

When a tonic is needed it is advisable to investigate why it is needed. The stock should receive daily attention regarding feed, water, salt, exercise, grooming, sanitation, and comfortable quarters. Neglect of any of these factors is usually an underlying cause of the poor condition of an animal.

Homemade Hog Tonic

Experienced hog feeders have asserted that a mixture of charcoal, ashes, lime, salt, sulphur and copperas kept where hogs can eat it will tend to prevent worm infestation. Though there is no positive experimental evidence in support of this idea, the mixture is of value
as a source of mineral matter in the diet and perhaps as an appetizer and tonic. Following is a formula:

Charcoal HSaalrtd.w. ood ashes

1 bushel 81pbouusnhdesl

Air-slaked lime Sulphur Pulverized copperas

4 pounds 4 pounds 2 pounds

Mix the lime, salt and sulphur thoroughly and then mix with the charcoal and ashes. Dissolve the copperas in 1 quart of hot water and sprinkle the solution over the whole mass, mixing it thoroughly. Keep some of this mixture in a box before the hogs at all times, or place in a self-feeder.

There are 161 counties in Georgia in which are 1,800 militia districts. The State is further divided into six paving districts, 12 congressional districts and 51 senatorial districts.
114

Board Measure

Boards are sold by the square foot surface, one inch in thickness.

If cut thinner, they count the same as if an inch thick. To ascertain the number of square feet in a board, multiply the width

in inches by the length in feet, and divide the product by 12; the quo-

tient is the number of feet in the board, and the remainder is the odd

inches. Six inches and over, remainder, are counted an additional

foot. For example, measure a board 22 inches wide by 19 feet long, as

below:

Multiply 22 the width in inches

by 19 length in feet

198 22

12)418 Product

Quotient 34 10 remainder. Showing 34 feet 10 inches in the board, which counts 35 feet.

Plank Measure

Board measure is the basis of plank measure; that is, a plank 2 inches

thick and 133 feet long and 10 inches wide contains evidently twice as

many square feet as if only one inch thick; therefore, in estimating the contents of any plank we first find the contents of the surface, taken

one inch thick, and then multiply this product by the thickness of the

plank in inches. Example.--Suppose we wish to ascertain the contents of a plank 6

feet long, 12 inches wide and 2| inches thick. First multiply the width

in inches (12) by the length in feet (6), and divide the product by 12.

This will give the contents of a board 1 inch thick, 12 inches wide and

6 feet long. If the last product be multiplied by 2i, the result will be

the contents of a plank 6 feet long, 12 inches wide and 2i inches thick.

Thus,

12 width in inches

6 length in feet

12)72

6 2| thickness in inches

13J contents in feet, board measure

There were 631,000 births and only 231,000 deaths on the farms of the United States in 1929, according to estimates of the U. S. Bureau of Agricultural Economics.
115

The Measurement of Timber or Scantling
NOTE: The following valuable tables are taken from Day's Ready Reckoner, by permission of the publishers. Dick & Fitzgerald, of New York.
Scantling, or timber for building, is sold by the square foot of inchboard measure. Thus a cubic foot of scantling which is a foot wide, a foot thick, and a foot long, contains twelve feet measurement. To ascertain the square feet in a piece of scantling of any length, width, and thickness, multiply the width in inches by the thickness in inches; then multiply the product of these figures by the length in feet, and divide the second product by twelve; the quotient is the number of feet, and the remainder (if any) is the odd inches. Six inches and over are usually reckoned as an extra foot.
In measuring the length of a piece of timber, the lumberman counts even feet only. Unless the length is full ten inches or more over an even number of feet, the excess is not counted; but ten inches over are counted as a full foot. In marking the contents of a piece of timber when it runs over measure, the lumberman usually places a mark at the spot where the measurement ends. The marks are made on one end of the stick with Roman capital letters instead of figures, as XXI for 21, XVIII for 18, and so on.
Example.--Suppose a stick of timber to be 11 inches in width, 9 inches thick, and to measure 27 feet in length:
Multiply 11 the width by 9 the thickness
Product 99 by which multiply 27 the length in feet
693 Divide this 198
product by 12)2673
Quotient 222 9 remainder The quotient is the number of square feet (inch-board measure), the 9 remainder being the odd inches. As 6 inches and over are counted a foot, 223 feet are the contents of the stick.
Logs Reduced to Square Timber
To reckon the contents of a round log in cubic feet of square timber, first reduce it to square timber, thus: Measure the diameter (or thickness) at each end in inches; add these measurements together, and divide the sum-total by 2; the quotient is the average diameter. Onethird of this diameter is allowed for the chips or slabs. To deduct this third, divide the number of inches diameter by 3, and subtract the quotient from it; the remainder is the proper diameter for measurement. The thickness of the log is generally counted in even inches; and onethird of an inch excess, or upward, is added as an extra inch. After getting the square of the log in manner above described, the number
116

Newton County scenes. 1--Chas. A. Sockwell, of Newton County, milking one of his high-producing Jerseys. 2--Partial view of Mr. Sockwell's herd on pasture. 3-Home of Chas. A. Sockwell. 4--J. T. Ellington and mules in front of his farm home. 5 and 6-- Austrian peas on the Ellington farm.

of cubic feet in it is reckoned the same as in square timber. But as in the reduction of logs fractions of inches often have to be reckoned, an example may be useful for a perfect understanding of it.
Example.--Suppose a round log to be 35 feet long, 24 inches thick at the butt and 19 inches thick at the top:
Add 24 and 19 the two diameters.

Sum-total 43 to which add two ciphers to include

the fractions, and then divide by 2)43.00

Deduct i/3 for slabs

3)21.50 average diam.

7.17

True diameter 14.33 or 14-1/3 inches Reduce this to thirds, thus: Three times 14 is 42, and the odd one makes 43 thirds.
Multiply 43 by 43

129 172

Total 1849 which represents ninths of inches. Add two ciphers to include the fractions, and then, to reduce to inches,
Divide by 9)1849.00

Multiply by

205.44 35 the length of the lot.

102720 61632

Divide by 12)7190.40

Divide by 12) 599.20

Cubic feet

49-93/100 counting 50 feet.

Miscellaneous Measurements
One cubic foot of anthracite coal weighs 53 pounds. To find side of an equal square multiply diameter by .8862. One cubic foot of bituminous coal weighs from 47 to 50 pounds. To find area of a circle multiply square of diameter by .7854. To find diameter of a circle multiply circumference by .31831. To find circumference of a circle multiply diameter by 3.1416. To find surface of a ball multiply square of diameter by 3.1416. To find cubic inches in a ball multiply cube of diameter by .5236. Doubling the diameter of a pipe increase its capacity four times.

118

Each nominal horse power of a boiler requires 30 to 35 lbs. of water per hour.
A gallon of water (U. S. Standard) weighs 8J pounds and contains 231 cubic inches.
There are nine square feet of heating surface to each square foot of grate surface.
A cubic foot of water contains 1\ gallons, 1728 cubic inches, and weighs 62J pounds.
A horse power is equivalent to raising 33,000 pounds one foot per minute, or 550 pounds one foot per second.
The average consumption of coal for steam boilers is 12 pounds per hour for each square foot of grate surface.
To find the pressure in pounds per square inch of a column of water, multiply the height of the column in feet by .434.
Steam rising from water at its boiling point (212 degrees) has a pressure equal to the atmosphere (14.7 pounds to the square inch).
To evaporate one cubic foot of water requires the consumption of 7| pounds of ordinary coal, or about 1 pound of coal to 1 gallon of water.
How to Ascertain Certain Measurements
Circle: Diameter=circumference X .31831. Circumference=diameter X 3.1416. Area=diameter squared X .7854.
Sphere: Surface = diameter squared X 3.1416. Cubic contents=diameter cubed X .5236.
Cylinder: Area=circumference of base (see circle) X height. Contents =area of the base X height.
Cone or Pyramid: Lateral surface=circumference of base (see circle) X i the slant height. Volume=area of base XJ altitude, the altitude being the perpendicular distance from the base to the highest point. Volume of frustrum of pyramid or cone=\ height X sum of the areas of the upper and lower bases and square root of their product.
Triangle: Area = base X \ altitude. Given measurements of three sides, get i sum of sides, from this subtract each side separately; multiply all remainders and sum together; square root of product=area.
Hypotenuse of right triangle=sq. root of the sum of the squares of the other two sides.
Square, Rectangular or Parallelogram: Area=base X altitude.
Trapezoid: Area=altitude X I sum of parallel sides.
Height of Tree or Building: may be found by length of shadow. Set up a stick and measure its shadow, then height of tree=length of shadow of tree X height of stick + length of shadow of stick.
Barrel: Volume same as for cylinder, but with a diameter equal to half the sum of head and bung diameters. 119

Speed of Falling Body: 16 feet the first second. 16+32 =48 feet the second second. 16+32(2) = 80 feet the third second. 16+32(2) = 112 feet the fourth second. 16+32(4) = 144 feet the fifth second. 16+32(n-l) feet the nth second.
Velocity of Sound, Light and Radio: Sound in air at 60 F. travels 1,120 feet per second; in water 4,708 feet per second; in wood at least 10,000 feet per second; in metal at least 4,000 feet per second. Light travels 186,600 miles per second. Radio waves are considered to have the same speed as light.
Arithmetical Principles
In measuring surfaces and volumes we are often in need of simple rules by which calculations can be made that will enable us to do quite difficult farm engineering. Especially is this true of geometrical calculations.
The easiest of all surface measurements is the surface. The surface of a square is ascertained by multiplying the length by the width stated in terms of the same denomination and we have the area.
To find the area of a circle, multiply the circumference by the radius and divide by 2: Therefore, if the radius (half the diameter) of a circle is known, the area can be ascertained by multiplying the radius by itself (square it) and multiply this product by 3.1416.
To find the convex surface of a prism or a cylinder: Multiply its altitude (height) by the perimeter (sum of its boundary lines) of its base.
To find the volume (cubic contents) of a sphere: Multiply the convex surface by the radius and divide by 3.
To find the contents of a cylinder: Multiply the diameter of the base by 3.1416--this gives the circumference of the base. Then multiply this circumference by the radius (half the diameter) and divide this by 2--this gives the area of the base--then multiply the area of the base by the altitude, which gives the cubic contents or volume.
Square root is serviceable in many calculations. If you want to know the length of one side of a square and have the area you find it by the rules of square root.
Square root applies to areas; hence, the side of a square is the root of the area.
120

Elbert County scene. 1--Home of M. W. Kantala. 2--Part of Kantala flock of white leghorns and laying house. 3--Pure-bred Hereford bull on farm of Jack Fleming. 4--Two baby Herefords on same farm. 5--Herefords on Mr. Fleming's pastures, in Elbert County.

The following is the rule for finding the square root: Separate the number into periods of two figures each, beginning at
the decimal point. Find the greatest square in the left-hand period and write its root
as the first figure of the required root. Square this root, subtract the result from the left-half period, and
to the remainder annex the next period for a dividend. Divide this new dividend by twice the part of the root already found
and write the quotient as the second figure of the required root. Annex to tbis divisor the figure thus found and multiply by the number representing this figure.
Subtract this result, bring down the next period, and proceed as before until all the periods have been thus annexed.
The result is the square root required.

Presidents of the United States

Inaug.

Born Died Politics

1. 1789 George Washington 1732-1799 Federal

2. 1797 John Adams

1735-1826 Federal

3. 1801 Thomas Jefferson 1743-1826 Republican

4. 1809 James Madison

1751-1836 Republican

5. 1817 James Monroe

1758-1831 Republican

6. 1825 John Quincy Adams.. 1767-1848 Republican

7. 1829 Andrew Jackson

1767-1845 Democrat

8. 1837 Martin Van Buren 1782-1862 Democrat

9. 1841 Wm. Henry Harrison...1773-1841 Whig

10. 1841 John Tyler

1790-1862 Democrat

11. 1845 James Knox Polk 1795-1849 Democrat

12. 1849 Zachary Taylor

1784-1850 Whig

13. 1850 Millard Fillmore

1800-1874 Whig

14. 1853 Franklin Pierce

1804-1869 Democrat

15. 1857 James Buchanan 1791-1868 Democrat

16. 1861 Abraham Lincoln 1809-1865 Republican

17. 1865 Andrew Johnson 1808-1875 Republican

18. 1869 Ulysses S. Grant

1822-1885 Republican

19. 1877 Rutherford B. Hayes--1822-1893 Republican

20. 1881 James A. Garfield 1831-1881 Republican

21. 1881 Chester Alan Arthur--1830-1886 Republican

22. 1885 Grover Cleveland

1837-1908 Democrat

23. 1889 Benjamin Harrison 1833-1901 Republican

24. 1893 Grover Cleveland

1837-1908 Democrat

25. 1897 William McKinley

1843-1901 Republican

26. 1901 Theodore Roosevelt 1858-1919 Republican

27. 1909 William Howard Taft___ 1857-1930 Republican

28. 1913 Woodrow Wilson

1856-1924 Democrat

29. 1921 Warren G. Harding 1865-1923 Republican

30. 1923 Calvin Coolidge

1872-

Republican

31. 1929 Herbert Hoover

1874-

Republican

122

Vocation Planter Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Farmer Lawyer Lawyer Soldier Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Tailor Soldier Lawyer Lawyer
Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Lawyer Publicist Lawyer Teacher Publisher Lawyer Civil Engr.

Population of the Earth, by Continents
All estimates of population are guesses, more or less, based on official or unofficial censuses in the principal countries.
Following are the approximate figures--Africa, 145,000,000; America (North) 138,000,000; America (South) 66,000,000; Asia, 950,000,000; Australia, 10,000,000; Europe, 480,000,000; Polar Regions, 50,000 (Rasmussen estimates that there are 33,000 Eskimos); other countries and regions, 167,000,000.
This would give a total world population of 1,906,000,000, which is the figure set in May, 1927, on the basis of data prepared by the secretariat of the League of Nations.
Of the total population approximately 1,580,000,000 persons occupy territory "within the orbit of the league."
Approximately 17 per cent of the total population are nationals of states which do not belong to the league.
According to statistics gathered by Prof. E. M. East of Harvard University, 150,000 persons are born every day, and 100,000 die.
He says the United States population will become stationary at 200,000,000 before 2000 A. D.
The Races of Mankind
According to Dr. A. Hrdlicka, curator, Division of Physical Anthropology, United States National Museum, Washington, D. C, three main human races are recognized today, which are: 1, the whites; 2, the yellow-browns; and 3, the blacks. Each one of these shows a number of sub-races or types which are often called "races" also. The principal of these are:
Whites: Mediterraneans, the Alpines and the Nordics.
Yellow-browns: The Mongoloids, the Malays and the American Indian.
Blacks: The Negrito, Negrillos and Bushmen; the Melanesian Negroes and Australians and the African Negroes.
Population of the world by races under a slightly different classification is estimated as follows--Indo-Germanic or Aryan (white), 821,000,000; Mongolian or Turanian (yellow-brown), 645,000,000; Semitic (white), 750,000,000; Negro and Bantu (black), 139,000,000; Malay and Polynesian (brown), 40,000,000; American Indian, north and south (red, half breeds), 28,000,000.
Georgia was the home of the first woman senator to sit in the United States Congress, Mrs. Rebecca Larimer Felton, of Cartersville, Ga., who was appointed by Governor Hardwick to succeed Senator Thomas E. Watson.
123

Views of typical co-operative livestock and poultry sales along the Atlanta & West Point Railroad, the Western Railway ol Alabama and the Georgia Railroad. Similar scenes occur in every county in Georgia, during the fall, spring and winter months.

SYNOPSIS OF GEORGIA'S 161 COUNTIES.
The State of Georgia is divided into several political divisions, as follows: There are 161 counties; 12 Congressional Districts: 51 State Senatorial Districts: 31 Superior Court Circuits, and approximately 1800 Militia Districts.
Atlanta is the Capital city of the State and the second largest city in the Southern States
The State Legislature, or General Assembly, is composed of the Senate, with 51 members, each of whom serve a term of two years, and the House of Representatives, composed of 207 members, each elected to serve two years. The Legislature meets every two years, unless called into extra session by the Governor, convening on the fourth Wednesday in June and remains in continuous session for a period of 60 days.
The eight counties having the largest population have three representatives each in the House. They are Bibb, Chatham. DeKalb. Floyd. Fulton, Laurens. Muscogee and Richmond. The 30 counties ranking next in population have two representatives each. These counties are Bartow. Brooks. Bullock, Burke, Carroll, Clarke, Cobb, Colquitt, Coweta, Decatur. Dodge. Elbert. Emanuel, Gwinnett, Hall. Jackson, Jefferson, Lowndes, Meriwether, Mitchell, Screven, Sumter. Thomas. Troup. Walker, Walton, Ware, Washington, Wilkes and Worth. The other 123 counties have only one Representative each.
(It is likely, however, that the 1930 census will cause a change in the number of Congressional Districts, as well as the number of State Representatives from some of the counties.)
The following synopsis or sketch of the 161 counties in Georgia contains: Name of county, population of county, name and population of county seat; number of square miles in county; taxable property values taken from 1929 State tax digest; Congressional District, State Senatorial District and Judicial Circuit in which county is located. Also the number of farms in each county, with a short sketch of principal crops produced, educational institutions other than grammar schools or high schools. Population figures and number of farms are taken from the Federal 1930 census.
APPLING: 13,315; Baxley, 2,122; area, 454 square miles; taxable property, $3,856,484.00; Congress, Eleventh district; Senate, Third; Brunswick circuit. Products, cotton, corn, cane, hay, melons, cattle, hogs, tobacco, pecans, honey, poultry, naval stores, lumber, cross-ties, barrel staves. Average altitude 206 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay subsoil. Has three tobacco warehouses at Baxley handling 3,451,392 pounds in 1929. Farms in county, 1,450.
ATKINSON: 6,894; Pearson, 715; area, 330 square miles; taxable property, 81,363,842.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Filth; Alapaha circuit. Products, tobacco, cotton, corn, peanuts, potatoes, hay, melons, all vegetables, soy and velvet beans, hogs, lumber, naval stores. Average altitude 205 feet. Excellent water supply. Pebbly clay soil; 719 farms in county.
BACON: 7,055; Alma, 1,235; area, 357 square miles; taxable property, $1,948,312.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Forty-sixth; Waycross circuit. Products, tobacco, cotton, corn, peanuts, hay, melons, soy and velvet beans, vegetables, poultry, hogs, lumber, building material, oil mill products. Average altitude 205 feet. Sandy loam soil; 850 farms In county.
BAKER: 7,818; Newton, 377; area, 357 square miles; taxable property, $1,584,368.00; Congress, Second; Senate, Ninth; Albany circuit. Products, cotton, corn, cane, potatoes, velvet beans, pecans, hogs, poultry, vegetables. A big hydro-electric plant in county supplies power for a number of towns in this section. Average altitude 200 feet; sand loam soil; 1,287 farms in county.
BALDWIN: 22,766; Milledgeville, 5,534; area, 307 square miles; taxable property, $4,230,872; Congress, Tenth; Senate, Twentieth; Ocmulgee circuit. Products, corn, cotton, cane, potatoes, wheat, oats, hay, peas, velvet beans, pecans, peaches, poultry, hogs. Extensive clay deposits; altitude, 276 feet; red sandy soil. Seat of Georgia State College for Women, Georgia Military Institute, State Sanitarium and State Farm. Former capital of State. Middle Georgia fair held each fall at Milledgeville. Farms in county, 974.
125

BANKS: 9,703; Homer, 248; area, 222 square miles; taxable property, $1,622,622.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Thirty-third; Piedmont circuit. Products, poultry, eggs, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, hay, potatoes, peas, peaches, apples, pecans, dairies, asbestos. Average altitude, 1,700 feet; red and gray soil; 1,670 farms in county.
BARROW: 12,398; Winder, 3,283; area, 168 square miles; taxable property, $2,808,375.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Twenty-seventh; Piedmont circuit. Products, cotton, corn, peas, hay, wheat, oats, cane, apples, peaches, pears, pecans, textiles, furniture, foundry. Average altitude, 941 feet; soil, gray and red; 1,859 farms in county.
BARTOW: 25,355; Cartersville, 5,255; area, 471 square miles; taxable property, $7,059,350.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Forty-second; Cherokee circuit. Products, corn, grain, cotton, potatoes, hay, peaches, apples, iron, manganese, ocher, barytes, bauxite, cement, limestone and textiles. Average altitude, 748 feet; red and gray soil. Cartersville has many manufacturing plants and is the center of mining activities. Adairsville also has several manufacturing plants. Farms in county, 2,680.
BEN HILL: 13,051; Fitzgerald, 6,395; area, 256 square miles; taxable property, $3,529,080.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Forty-fifth; Cordele circuit. Products, poultry, livestock, cotton, corn, potatoes, hay, pecans, pears, peaches, tobacco, textiles, oil mills, cigars, implements; also has railroad shops and stone plants. Altitude, 515 feet. Three tobacco warehouses are located at Fitzgerald which handled 1,349,609 pounds in 1929. Much honey is produced in the county. Trucking business, tomatoes, fordhook lima beans, turnips, asparagus, dew berries, peanuts, developing rapidly and large acreages are being cut up and utilized for these lines. Lands are good and can be bought cheap. Prospects are the fine quality of soil and uniform favorable climate will become known and this will be a very large shipping point for truck, fruits and vegetables. Ben Hill County fair held in Fitzgerald each fall; 993 farms in county.
BERRIEN: 14,654; Nashville, 1,668; area, 500 square miles; taxable property, $3,779,899.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Forty-fifth; Alapaha circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, soy and velvet beans, peanuts, fruits, strawberries, watermelons, livestock, poultry, hogs, tobacco, lumber, turpentine, canneries, textiles. Average altitude 290 feet; sandy loam, clay sub-soil. There are three tobacco warehouses at Nashville which handled 7,623,089 pounds in 1929. Berrien County 4-H Fair held at Nashville each fall; 1,893 farms in county.
BIBB: 77,068; Macon, 63,967; area, 277 square miles; taxable property, $48,686,375.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Twenty-second; Macon circuit. Grows practically all farm products including cotton, grains, truck, peaches and pecans, hogs and poultry and is a large manufacturing center, especially in clays and textiles. Located in or near Macon are Wesleyan College, Wesleyan Conservatory, Mercer University, Mount de Sales Academy, St. Joseph's School, Central City College for Negroes, Georgia Academy for the Blind, Beda Etta College for Negroes, Macon Linotype School, four business colleges, as well as city and county grammar and high schools. Georgia State Agricultural Exposition held in Macon each fall. Altitude 373 feet; 1,099 farms in county.
BLECKLEY: 9,131; Cochran, 2,265; area 205 square miles; taxable property $2,457,314.00; Congress, Twelfth; Senate, Fourteenth; Oconee circuit. Products grown, cotton, corn, grain, peanuts, hay, peaches, watermelons, cane, and almost any kind of farm crop that can be grown anywhere in the State, hogs, beef and dairy cattle, and poultry is raised very extensively. Middle Georgia A. & M. Junior College located in Cochran, and also has textile mill and cold storage plant curing 353,000 pounds of meat in 1929. The total amount received from the co-operative hog and poultry sales held regularly, and from the sale of whole milk
126

sour cream and cured meat is $125,000.00 annually. Traversing the county are two state highways; 1,023 farms in county.
BRANTLEY: 6,895; Nahunta, 352; area, 400* square miles; taxable property, $1,600,107.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Third; Waycross circuit. Products, all farm products, including tobacco, corn, sweet potatoes, watermelons, hogs and poultry, lumber and naval stores; 690 farms in county. (*Estimated.)
BROOKS: 21,334; Quitman, 4,149; area, 514 square miles; taxable property, $6,104,280.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Seventh; Southern circuit. Products, cotton, corn, hay, hogs, cattle, poultry, cane, grain, fruits, pecans, vegetables, tobacco, sweet potatoes, peanuts, watermelons, textiles, cooperage plant, lumbering, veneering plant now operating. Average altitude 173 feet; sandy loam, clay sub-soil. Two tobacco warehouses at Quitman handling 1,222,221 pounds in 1929. Barwick and Barney are two of county's most progressive centers. Farms
in county, 2,447. BRYAN: 5,952; Clyde, 107; area, 431 square miles; taxable property,
$1,673,683.00; Congress, First; Senate, First; Atlantic circuit. Products, cotton, tobacco, corn, oats, velvet and soybeans, cane, potatoes, lumbering, hogs, poultry and cattle. Average altitude 32 feet. Sandy loam soil. Pembroke, largest town in county has 560 population; 523 farms in county.
BULLOCH: 26,497; Statesboro, 3,976; area, 668 square miles; taxable property, $7,047,937.00; Congress, First; Senate, Forty-ninth; Ogeechee circuit. Products, livestock, cured meats, poultry, eggs, hogs, potatoes, corn, melons, pecans, beans, peanuts, tobacco, large quantities of these products being sold annually. Manufacturing tile, fertilizer, cotton seed products, lumber products. Two tobacco warehouses at Statesboro, which handled 2,264,932 pounds in 1929. Georgia Normal School at Statesboro. Altitude 253 feet. Dark gray, red pebbled soil; 3,176 farms in county.
BURKE: 29,225; Waynesboro, 3,923; area, 956 square miles; taxable property, $8,108,786.00; Congress, First; Senate, Seventeenth; Augusta circuit. Farm products are valued at $6,000,000.00, of which about $4,000,000.00 worth were sold, the remainder being used for home consumption. Principle products include cotton, corn, oats, tobacco, sweet potatoes, hay, melons, hogs and poultry. Corn yields of from 60 to 100 bushels per acre and high cotton yields reported. There are 15 soil types in county, which will grow variety of crops. Practically all schools consolidated. Average altitude 86 feet; 3,681 farms in county.
BUTTS: 9,345; Jackson, 1,776; area, 203 square miles; taxable property, $1,960,153.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Twenty-sixth; Flint circuit. Products, pepper, poultry, eggs, hogs, pure bred cattle, cotton, corn, grain, hay, potatoes, peaches, apples, textiles. Average altitude 720 feet. Gray, clay sub-soil. A large power plant has been developed on the Ocmulgee river near Jackson. Indian Springs, containing water of medicinal properties, and owned by the State, is in Butts county. County Fair at Jackson each fall; 1,242 farms in county.
CALHOUN: 10,577; Arlington, 1,331; area, 284 square miles; taxable property, $2,221,180.00; Congress, Second; Senate, Ninth; Albany circuit. Products, tobacco, cotton, corn, grain, hay, velvet and soy beans, sugar cane, potatoes, peaches, grapes, pecans, peanuts, hogs and poultry. Average altitude 337 teet. Soil, red pebble; 1,634 farms in county.
CAMDEN: 6,338; Woodbine, 336; area, 711 square miles; taxable property, $2,262,852.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Fourth; Brunswick circuit. Products, corn, sugar cane, rice, grain, potatoes, all vegetables, pecans, some tropical fruits. Fishing is an important industry at St. Marys, on the coast. Dark hammock gray soil. Average altitude 25
feet; 365 farms in county. CAMPBELL: 9,903; Fairburn, 1,372; area 211 square miles; taxable
property, $2,945,722.00; Congress, Fifth; Senate, Thirty-six; Stone
127

Mountain circuit. Grows all farm products suitable to that section including much poultry, eggs and truck, cotton, corn and oats, hay watermelons, apples, peaches, pecans. Manufactures textiles, harness brick, implements, fertilizer. Average altitude 1,030 fett. Soil, gray, red pebble; 1,329 farms in couDty.
CANDLER: 8,998; Metter, 3,169; area 228; taxable property, $1,907,203.00; Congress, First; Senate, Forty-ninth; Middle circuit. Products, tobacco, cotton, corn, grain, potatoes, peas, hay, watermelons, velvet and soy beans, livestock, hogs, poultry. Three tobacco warehouses at Metter which handled 4,047,558 pounds in 1929. Altitude 300 feet. Soil, red pebble and loam; 1,188 farms in county.
CARROLL: 34,266; Carrollton, 5,051; area, 492 square miles; taxable property, $7,279,508.00; Congress, Fourth; Senate, Thirty-seventh; Coweta circuit. Diversified farming has made great strides in Carroll, 75 per cent of farmers being white, every land lot has running water on it. Much poultry, eggs and pure bred hogs and livestock, cotton, corn, oats, wheat, hay, peaches. Manufactures textiles, cotton seed products; has three flour mills. Fourth District A. & M. School located at CarroJlton and Bowdon State Normal & Industrial College is at Bowdon. Average altitude 1,100 feet. Gold and pyrites mined; 5,274 farms in county.
CATOOSA: 9,425; Ringgold, 681; area, 169; taxable property, $2,030,148.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Forty-fourth; Cherokee circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, potatoes, especially Irish potatoes, peaches, apples, fruits, berries. Minerals, sand, limestone, iron, bauxite, road materials and gold. Average altitude 784 feet. Soil, red clay; 975 farms in county.
CHARLTON: 4,381; Folkston, 506; area, 881 square miles- taxable property, $1,848,396.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Fourth; Waycross circuit. Products, tobacco, corn, tropical fruits, vegetables, sugar cane, poultry, eggs, hogs and livestock, lumbering and naval stores. Average altitude 80 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil; 306 farms in county.
CHATHAM: 105,057; Savannah, 87,714; area, 370 square miles; taxable property, $60,444,982.00; Congress, First; Senate, First; Eastern circuit. Truck growing extensively engaged in, big yields per acre reported. Savannah is State's largest port, more cotton being shipped from here than any port on the Atlantic Ocean and it is the leading export city in the world for naval stores. Much lumber and other wood products are also exported. It is also a large import city. Many large manufacturing plants operate here. Average altitude 65 feet. St. Vincent's Academy and School for Girls, Pape's School for Boys and Girls, Manst, Sacred Heart and Benedictine Schools located in Savannah. Georgia State Industrial College for negroes, near Savannah. Has 21 types of usable soils. Georgia State Farm Fair is held each fall at Savannah. There are 277 farms in county.
CHATTAHOOCHEE: 8,888; Cusseta, 343; area, 218 square miles; taxable property, $648,530.00; Congress, Fourth; Senate, Twenty-fourth; Chattahoochee circuit. Products, all generally grown on farm, including cattle, hogs, poultry, cotton, grains, peanuts and. watermelons. Average altitude 650 feet. Soil, sandy loam., clay sub-soil; 301 farms in county.
CHATTOOGA: 15,404; Summerville, 933; area, 328 square miles; taxable property, $4,085,925.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Forty-secondRome circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain in abundance, peaches and other fruits and vegetables, poultry, eggs and fine livestock and alfalfa. Minerals: Iron, bauxite, clay, manganese, coal, slate talc sandstone. Manufactures textiles, etc. Average altitude 780 feet Soil, red upland sandy loam; 1,486 farms in county.
CHEROKEE: 20,204; Canton, 2,892; area, 429 square miles; taxable property, $7,089,933.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Thirty-ninth; Blue
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Jones and Taliaferro County scenes. 1--A. M. Green in his field of pimiento peppers in Jones County. 2--Cherokee Products Co.'s pepper canning Plant at Bradley, in Jones County. 3-Hereford cattle on pasture of R. L. Veazy & Sons, m Tahaferro for County. 4--Mr. Veazy. with pure-bred Hereford bull. 5--Grade cattle being fed out for beef on Veazy farm.

Ridge circuit. Products, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, sweet potatoes, poultry, eggs and hogs, cattle raising; dairying, all fruits, such as apples, peaches. Manufactures textiles and marble plants. Several hundred persons are employed in the lumber industry in the county. Minerals: gold, mica, soapstone, iron ore, asbestos, clays, marble. Average altitude 894 feet. Soil, gray, red, mulatto. Cherokee County Fair at Canton each fall. Reinhardt College located in county. At Canton is one of the most modernly equipped creameries in the State. Largest number of registered Guernseys in any county in State. There are eleven consolidated schools of the junior high school type; 2,459 farms in county.
CLARKE: 25,609 population, City of Athens, 18,189; area 114 square miles; taxable property, $14,568,985.00 exclusive of $3,000,000.00 of State and County School property in Athens, Georgia. Eighth Congressional District; Fiftieth Senatorial District; Western circuit. Grows all farm products favorable to this section, including much poultry and eggs, livestock and truck. There are 53 manufacturing plants in the county producing a wide variety of manufactured articles, including textiles, textile goods, fertilizers, mill work, implements, base-ball bats, shovel handles, etc. Athens is the seat of the University of Georgia, State College of Agriculture, State Teachers College, Lucy Cobb Institute and Lumpkin Law School. Clarke County is served by five railroads and six well established highways, fed by a well kept system of county roads. Annual industrial pay roll exceeds $2,000,000 and the 3,000 students in the various educational institutions expend an equal amount in Athens each year. The average altitude of the county is 705 feet. Soils are mostly red clay and gray loam; 1,040 farms in county.
CLAY: 6,943; Fort Gaines, 1,272; area, 203 square miles; taxable property, $1,545,396.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Eleventh; Pataula circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, sugar cane, potatoes, peanuts, hay, peaches, pecans, much truck, poultry and hogs. Average altitude 190 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil; 957 farms in county.
CLAYTON: 10,260; Jonesboro, 1,065; area, 142 square miles; taxable property, $2,207,648.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Thirty-fifth; Stone Mountain circuit. Soil highly productive and grows 38 cash crops, which with proper rotation and diversification a year-round income is assured. All staple crops are grown, such as cotton, corn, potatoes, hay, watermelons, much truck, poultry, eggs, livestock, cattle and hogs. Has fine railroad, concrete highway and power facilities. Average altitude 917 feet; 1,211 farms in county.
CLINCH: 6,990; Homerville, 1,148; area, 900 square miles; taxable property, $2,126,907.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Fifth; Alapaha circuit. Products, tobacco, cotton, corn, grain, sugar cane, potatoes, sweet and Irish, peaches, fruits, vegetables, hogs and poultry. Altitude 176 feet. Soil, sandy loam; 315 farms in county.
COBB: 35,539; Marietta, 7,634; area, 353 square miles; taxable property, $10,525,815.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Thirty-ninth; Blue Ridge circuit. All farm crops suitable to this section are grown, dairying, pure bred cattle and poultry raising rapidly increasing here in the last few years; much truck is grown in this county and marketed in Atlanta, which is 20 miles distant from Marietta, with paved road connecting. Marietta has many manufacturing plants, such as textile, furniture, marble, machinery, etc.; also many cotton gins. Average altitude, 1,118 feet. Red, mulatto soil. Acworth, population 1,163, Roswell, 1,200, other towns in Cobb that have several manufacturing plants. Many historical points, including Kennesaw Mountain and other Civil War battle fields located in county. Four railroad trunk
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lines, and. one interurban electric line serve county. Good roads, including Dixie Highway, paved through county. Well known as one of the leading farm counties; agricultural display taking first prize at State and Southeastern Fairs, 1929. Seventh District A. & M. School located at Powder Springs. Oobb County Fair held each fall at Marietta; 3,389 farms in county.
COFFEE: 19,822; Douglas, 4,213; area, 632 square miles; taxable property, $4,291,534.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Forty-sixth; Waycross circuit. Douglas has five tobacco warehouses that handled 10,840,937 pounds in 1929. Soils are especially adapted to growing of fruits, such as strawberries, blackberries and dewberries; melons, tomatoes, peppers, peas, peanuts, tobacco, dairying, hogs and poultry raising largely engaged in. Cotton, corn, oats, hay are produced. South Georgia State College and Georgia Normal Business College located in county. Coffee County Fair held at Douglas each fall. Average altitude 275 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil; 2,055 farms in county.
COLQUITT: 30,620; Moultrie, 8,024; area, 529; taxable property, $6,957,461.00; Congress, Second; Senate, Forty-seventh; Southern circuit. Three tobacco warehouses at Moultrie handled 4,929,444 pounds in 1929. South Georgia Fair at Moultrie held each fall. Norman Junior College at Norman Park, and Moultrie Commercial College at Moultrie. Swift Packing Plant at Moultrie slaughters 150,000 hogs each year, stimulating hog raising in that section. Many melons are shipped from county each year, also much poultry, eggs and farm products, such as cotton, corn, peanuts, potatoes, pecans, hay, peppers, cane syrup. Manufactures lumber products. Average altitude 325 feet. Soil, sandy loam and clay sub-soil; 3,086 farms in county.
COLUMBIA: 8,693; Appling, 841; area, 350 square miles; taxable property, $1,718,828.00; Congress, Tenth; Senate, Twenty-ninth; Augusta circuit. Farm crops grown in east Georgia thrive on the clay, grayish loamy soils of the county. Some truck is grown together with cotton, corn, oats and wheat, potatoes, hay, watermelons and pecans. One of leading peach growing counties, and dairying, much sour cream being sold. Pure bred livestock is being introduced on farms. Much hogs, poultry and many eggs are sold. Gold, fullers earth and clay are mined. Average altitude 363 feet. Coweta County Fair at Newnan each fall. Commercial College at Newnan; 1,266 farms in county.
COOK: 11,309; Adel, 1,795; area 241 square miles; taxable property, $2,684,974.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Sixth; Alapaha circuit. Products, tobacco, Adel having two warehouses that handled 3,243,407 pounds in 1929, and other crops generally grown in this section including cotton, grain, beans, potatoes, peanuts, hay, with much live stock, hogs, poultry and eggs being sold annually. Average altitude 246 feet. Soil, pebbly loam and clay sub-soil; 1,296 farms in county.
COWETA: 25,125; Newnan, 6.373; area, 443 square miles; taxable property, $9,256,937.00; Congress, Fourth; Senate, Thirty-sixth; Coweta circuit. The red and gray soils produce all farm crops in abundance, apples, pecans, watermelons, 325,000 peach trees in county, dairying and livestock, hogs and poultry raising making great gains in county. Textiles and foundry products are manufactured and gold and granite are mined. Average altitude 959 feet; 2,270 farms in county.
CRAWFORD: 7,020; Knoxville, 574; area, 319 square miles; taxable property, $1,625,321.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Twenty-third; Macon circuit. Cotton, corn, 400,000 peach trees, asparagus, peanuts, sugar cane, grain, melons, livestock, hogs and poultry. Extensive clay and sand mines are located in county. Roberta with 449 population is in county. Average altitude 375 feet. Soil, sandy loam; 959 farms in county.
CRISP: 17,341; Cordele, 6,878; area, 277 square miles; taxable property, $4,631,616.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Forty-eighth; Cordele cir-
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cuit. More than three million dollars worth of products are sold each year, which includes cotton, peanuts, corn, peavine hay, pecans, melons, potatoes, peaches, asparagus, hogs, poultry and eggs, cattle, dairy products, naval stores and lumber. Average altitude 250 feet. Soil, gray, pebbly, clay sub-soil. Cordele has a number of manufacturing plants. Crisp County is the only county in any state that has constructed, owns and operates its hydro-electric system. The plant, located on Flint River, is 20,000 horse-power and cost $1,250,000. The power will be sold to consumers at a nominal rate. Crisp County Fair at Cordele each fall; 1,545 farms in county.
DADE: 4,246; Trenton, 370; area, 186 square miles; taxable property, $1,759,192.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Forty-fourth; Cherokee circuit. General farm crops, fruits and vegetables grown and coal, limestone, road materials and iron are mined. Soil, red and gray. Farmers are diversifying and much livestock, poultry and eggs are sold annually; 486 farms in county.
DAWSON: 3,512; Dawsonville, 203; area, 216 square miles; taxable property, $674,935.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Thirty-second; Northeastern circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, potatoes, hay, sorghum, apples, peaches and poultry; some alfalfa and beans, hardwoods, gold. Average altitude 1,700 feet. Soil, red and gray; 684 farms in county.
DECATUR: 23,624; Bainbridge, 6,132; area, 823 square miles; taxable property, $7,256,976.00; Congress, Second; Senate, Eighth; Albany circuit. Products, tobacco, a warehouse handling 463,852 pounds in 1929, at Bainbridge; peanuts, corn, cotton, hay and other crops favorable to this section. Many hogs, cattle, poultry and eggs sold annually. Bainbridge is a large manufacturing center. Average altitude 119 feet. Soil, Norfolk orange, fine loam; 1,731 farms in county.
DEKALB: 68,666; Decatur, 13,275; area, 272 square miles; taxable property, $32,604,878.00; Congress, Fifth; Senate, Thirty-fourth; Stone Mountain circuit. Dairying, poultry and hog raising and truck growing are engaged in largely by the farmers. Many manufactures are located in the county, including extensive granite quarries which turn the stone into the finished product. Stone Mountain, largest solid granite mass in the world and upon which is to be carved the Confederate memorial is in this county. Agnes Scott College, Columbia Seminary, Emory University, Oglethorpe University are located in DeKalb. Average altitude 1,019 feet; 2,472 farms in county.
DODGE: 21,599; Eastman, 3,022; area, 431 square miles; taxable property, $5,435,059.00; Congress, Twelfth; Senate, Forty-eighth; Oconee circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, potatoes, hay, melons, pears, pecans, peanuts, poultry, hogs, livestock and dairying, textiles, fertilizers. Average altitude 361 feet. Soil, dark gray, sandy loam; 2,623 farms in county.
DOOLY: 18,025; Vienna, 1,832; area, 397 square miles; taxable property, $4,673,591.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Fourteenth; Cordele circuit. Products, cotton, corn, hay, grain, melons, peanuts, sugar cane, potatoes, peaches, pecans, pears, livestock, hogs, poultry and eggs, texti'es, oil mills, lumbering. Average altitude 350 feet. Soil, Norfolk sandy loam; 2,523 farms in county.
DOUGHERTY: 22,288; Albany, 14,489 (Albany & Suburbs 18,217); area, 342 square miles; taxable property, $15,161,811.00; Congress, Second; Senate, Tenth; Albany circuit. Albany is in the center of the pecan industry of the State, more pecans being marketed there than in any other city in the South. More than 70,000 acres of pecans are in the Albany area. Many other farm crops, such as cotton, corn, melons, peaches, peanuts, hay, and grain are grown and much live stock, hogs, poultry are sold. Radium Springs containing high medicinal properties are near Albany. This city has 36 manufacturing plants. Average altitude 212 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil. Georgia Normal
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School for negroes and two Business Colleges in Albany; 791 farms in county.
DOUGLAS: 9,461; Douglasville, 2,318; area, 208 square miles; taxable property, $1,962,745.00; Congress, Fifth; Senate, Thirty-ninth; Tallapoosa circuit. Products, hardwoods, cotton, corn, potatoes, peaches, apples, melons, fruits and vegetables, livestock, poultry, eggs, graphite. South Georgia Junior State College at Douglas. Average altitude 1,215 feet. Soil, red mulatto; 1,391 farms in county.
EARLY: 18,273; Blakely, 2,106; area 524 square miles; taxable property, $4,438,055.00; Congress, Second; Senate, Ninth; Pataula circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, hay, peanuts, livestock, hogs, poultry, eggs. Plan of diversification is followed in Early, a solid train load of local products being shipped from the county in one day. Many saw mills operate. Altitude 300 feet. Soil, red clay, sandy loam; 2,952 farms in county.
ECHOLS: 2,744; Statenville, 438; area, 362 square miles; taxable property, $766,441.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Sixth; Southern circuit. Products, tobacco, corn, peanuts, potatoes, velvet beans and other crops grown in south Georgia. Lumber and naval stores are main products and much livestock, hogs and poultry are raised. Purebred sires are rapidly replacing scrub sires. Ample grazing territory for large increase in hog and cattle production. Average altitude 152 feet. Soils, Blanton, Norfolk and Leon, sandy loam; 245 farms in county.
EFFINGHAM: 10,169; Springfield, 402; area, 448 square miles; taxable property, $2,760,515.00; Congress, First; Senate, First; Ogeechee circuit. Products, cotton, corn, tobacco, pecans, sugar cane, peas, grain, fruits and vegetables, poultry, hogs and livestock. Average altitude 75 feet; soil, sandy loam; 988 farms in county.
ELBERT: 18,484; Elberton, 4,649; area, 361 square miles; taxable property, $5,243,022.00; Congress, Eighth; Senate, Thirtieth; Northern circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, hay, alfalfa, soy beans, sudan grass, silage, legume crops, sorghum, peaches, pecans and many fruits and vegetables. Dairying is engaged in on a large scale and much poultry and eggs are sold, the farms generally stocking up with purebred animals and poultry. Elberton is the center of the granite industry, several large quarries operating here which ship stone to every state in the union and to foreign countries. Fine monumental, memorial and building stone are quarried. Other industries include textile mills, oil mills, creamery, hatchery, machine plant, cotton compress and a silk mill that weaves goods from silk imported from Japan. This mill and its village is one of the most modern in the south. Average altitude 670 feet. Soils are highly productive and are being improved with dairy herds and legumes. Elbert County Fair at Elberton each fall; 2,428 farms in county.
EMANUEL: 24,256; Swainsboro, 2,442; area, 889 square miles; taxable property, $5,212,195.00; Congress, Twelfth; Senate, Sixteenth; Middle circuit. Products, tobacco, corn, cotton, truck, melons, potatoes, pecans, peaches, grain, hay, poultry, eggs, hogs, dairying and livestock for market. Has ten months growing season and year-round pastures with reasonably priced land, fine schools, good roads and power. Swainsboro, on seven state highways and two railroads, has ice plants, planing mill, turpentine stills, cotton gins and other plants. Average altitude 350 feet. Emanuel County Fair each fall; 3,104 farms in county
EVANS: 7,102; Claxton, 1,582; area, 287 square miles; taxable property, $1,513,926.00; Congress, First; Senate, Forty-ninth; Atlantic circuit. Products, tobacco, corn, cotton, cane, potatoes, grain, peanuts, watermelons, hay, cattle, hogs, sheep, poultry and eggs. Two tobacco warehouses at Claxton, handling 2,278,536 pounds in 1929. Average altitude 350 feet. Soil, gravel surface, clay sub-soil; 694 farms in county.
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TANNIN: 12,949; Blue Ridge, 1,190; area, 401 square miles; taxable property, $1,951,047.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Forty-first; Blue Ridge circuit. Products, corn, rye, wheat, oats, sweet and Irish potatoes, hay, apples in abundance, peaches, livestock, poultry and eggs. Coal, marble are mined. Average altitude 1,760 feet; clay soil, abundant water supply. Many hardwoods are found in the forests of the county; 1,476 farms in county.
FAYETTE: 8,660; Fayetteville, 796; area, 234 square miles; taxable property, $1,480,493.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Twenty-sixth; Griffin circuit. Products, corn, cotton, potatoes, grain, hay, apples, peaches, pecans, livestock, hogs, poultry, eggs, many vegetables which are trucked to markets. Average altitude 1,100 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay subsoil; 1,631 farms in county.
FLOYD: 48,646; Rome, 21,668; area, 502 square miles; taxable property, $19,482,145.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Forty-second; Rome circuit. All farm crops adaptable to north Georgia are grown in Floyd, including alfalfa, the farms being stocked with purebred cattle, hogs and poultry, many of which are marketed in Rome. Many apples, peaches and other fruits and vegetables are grown. Rome is a large manufacturing center, having 75 industries, including stoves, agricultural implements, furniture, brick, rayon yarn, hosiery and other textile products. This city, which is reached by several railroads and main highways, has abundant power, and is the center of educational facilities, including Shorter College, an A-grade college for women, Berry Schools, Darlington School for boys, together with an excellent public school system. Georgia School for Deaf at Cave Springs. Average altitude 614 feet; 2,848 farms in county.
FORSYTH: 10,719; Cumming, 648; area, 247 square miles; taxable property, $1,729,378.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Fifty-first; Blue Ridge circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, potatoes, apples, other fruits and vegetables, hogs, poultry, livestock. Gold and other minerals are found in the county. Fifth District A. & M. School at Monroe. Average altitude 1,316 feet. Soil, red and gray; 2,169 farms in county.
FRANKLIN: 16,590; Carnesville, 861; area, 279 square miles; taxable wealth, $3,171,739.00; Congress, Eighth; Senate, Thirty-first; Northern circuit. Products, cotton, corn, potatoes, wheat, oats, rye, hay, peaches, apples, grapes, livestock. Poultry raising engaged in extensively, much poultry and many eggs being sold each month. There are several manufacturing plants in the county. Average altitude 1,000 feet. Soil, red, pebble, clay sub-soil; 2,744 farms in county.
FULTON: 310,794; Atlanta, 359,668; area, 187.32 square miles; taxable wealth, $280,033,185.00; Congress, Fifth; Senate, Thirty-fifth. While the farming area in the county is small, large amounts of truck, milk, cream, butter, poultry, eggs and fruits are produced and marketed daily in Atlanta. Atlanta is the capitol of the State and one of the largest cities of the South, six boroughs having been incorporated in the city by act of legislature in 1929. It is the leading commercial and industrial center in the Southeast, its products being valued at more than $135,000,000 annually. Approximately 622 plants manufacture more than 1,500 different articles. It is a railroad and highway center with unexcelled transportation facilities, as well as one of the leading centers of aviation in the country. It has abundant, cheap electric power for industries. Natural gas was piped into the city for use early in 1930. Atlanta is the location of over fifteen hundred branches of nationally known concerns doing business in the Southeast, as the large number of office buildings attest. It is a leading educational center, 34 colleges, universities and other institutions of learning being located in or near Atlanta. Altitude 1,050 feet. The Southeastern Fair is held in Atlanta in October of every year; 1,313 farms in county.
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GILMER: 7,341; EUijay, 654; area 440 square miles; taxable property, $1,419,956.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Forty-first; Blue Ridge circuit. Products, corn, wheat, rye, potatoes, hay, apples, peaches, hogs, livestock, poultry and eggs. Many hardwood mills operate in county and marble, iron ore and other minerals are mined. Average altitude 1,312 feet. Soil, red, sandy loam. Gilmer county apples are of many varieties and finest color and flavor and large quantities are shipped each year. Gilmer County Fair each fall at Ellijay; 1,227 farms in county.
GLASCOCK: 4,390; Gibson, 442; area, 170 square miles; taxable property, $737,588.00; Congress, Tenth; Senate, Eighteenth- Toombs circuit. Products, corn, cotton, hay, oats, wheat, rye, potatoes, peanuts, soy and velvet beans, livestock, hogs, poultry and eggs, peaches and pecans. Average altitude 500 feet. Soil, sandy, gray red- 705 farms in county.
GLYNN: 19,399; Brunswick, 14,015; area, 439 square miles; taxable property, $11,135,717.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Fourth; Brunswick circuit. Brunswick is an important port, much cotton, lumber, turpentine and rosin and other products being shipped from there annually It is the center of a large fishing industry and has approximately 30 manufacturing plants of major importance which spend in salaries and for raw materials approximately $4,000,000 annually. Brunswick is the center of a large trucking area, cucumbers, Irish potatoes, both spring and fall, cabbage, strawberries, dewberries, asparagus, sweet potatoes, beans, tomatoes, lettuce, celery and onions being grown Profits of from $500 to $1,000 an acre have been reported from Glynri truck farms. Brunswick and adjacent islands afford fine climate for tourists both winter and summer. Ga.-Carolina School of Commerce at Brunswick; 168 farms in county.
GORDON: 16,942; Calhoun, 2,371; area, 375 square miles; taxable property, $4,045,517.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Forty-third- Cherokee circuit. Products, cotton, corn, all grains, peaches, alfalfa,' vetch clover, cattle, dairy products, poultry and eggs, fruits and vegetables' County ships annually 70,000 gallons of milk, 130,000 pounds of butter 212,500 dozen eggs. Manufactures brick, several large plants being located in county, textiles, tile, lumber, hardwood materials. Gordon county was the home of Sequoya, the chief who formed the Indian alphabet and who has been selected by Oklahoma to occupy a place in the National Hall of Fame at Washington. The treaty with the Indians which caused their removal from this section was made in this countv Average altitude 716 feet, deep loam, red sub-soil; 2,408 farms in county'
G-RADY: 19,197; Cairo, 3,167; area, 444 square miles; taxable property $4,291,794.00; Congress, Second; Senate, Seventh; Albany circuit urady county sells products valued at approximately $4,500,000 00 annuai.y, composed of syrup, corn, tobacco, cotton and seed, peanuts poultry and eggs, vegetables and plants, pecans and nursery stock' naval stores and lumber, sweet potatoes, melons, collard and other seeds, other truck. Grady is the center of the syrup industry in the btate and more pure cane syrup is shipped from Cairo than any other point in the world. Average altitude 324 feet. A tobacco warehouse, located at Cairo, handled 845,472 pounds in 1929; 2,194 farms in county.
UREENE: 12,619; Greensboro, 2,125; area, 416 square miles; taxable property, $3,111,800.00; Congress, Eighth; Senate, Nineteenth; Ocmulgee circuit. Products, corn, cotton, grain, potatoes, hay, peaches St?aTM?bilishV^ epde.+ca1.Mn1nsdujuclh,sivtpreyosutollnctrky,coapunondut;lmytr.aynmyaanengdygsesgaogrues.ralcsDroeaasimoryldin.sgtaTtiiesoxnbtiselecsobmeaininndggceoastn-ton products, lumber, brick are manufactured and kaolin and other minerals are mined. Average altitude 598 feet. Soil, red and gray County Fair held in fall at Greensboro; 1,559 farms in county
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GWINNETT: 27,841; Lawrenceville, 2,146; area, 400 square miles; taxable wealth, $5,964,554.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Fifty-first; Piedmont circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, hay, soy and velvet beans, peaches, apples, pecans and livestock. Much poultry and eggs are sold. Several manufacturing plants are located at Lawrenceville. At Buford are located the extensive plants of Bona Allen, Incorporated, which manufacture harness, collars, bridles, saddles, men's and boy's shoes, and leather specialties, valued annually at $6,000,000.00. The plants use 250,000 hides annually, employs 1,500 people with a payroll amounting to $900,000.00 annually. Average altitude of county 1,082 feet. Gwinnett Agri. & Indus. Fair at Lawrenceville each fall; 4,002 farms in county.
HABERSHAM: 11,933; Olarkesville, 617; area, 290 square miles; taxable property, $3,118,044.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Thirty-first; Northeastern circuit. Products, corn, hay, grain, cotton, potatoes, apples, 280,000 peach trees, other fruits, dairy cows, hogs, poultry and eggs. Manufactures hardwood products, saddles, etc., mines, asbestos and graphite. Large quantities of apples are shipped from Habersham, Cornelia being the center of the apple industry in Georgia. Ninth District A. & M. School at Clarkesville. Piedmont College at Demorest. Average altitude 1,363 feet. Soil, red, clay sub-soil; 1,175 farms in the county.
HALL: 30,210; Gainesville, 8,619; area, 437 sq. mi.; taxable property, $9,742,770; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Thirty-third; Northeastern circuit. Farm crops suitable to northeast Georgia including cotton, corn, grain, hay, with dairying making great gains; has creamery at Gainesville; the poultry industry has grown to such extent that commercial hatcheries are operated. Many farms are stocked with purebred hogs and other livestock. Many minerals are mined. Gainesville is the center of a large number of textile and other manufacturing plants. Average altitude 1,200 feet. Soil, red clay. Brenau College and Riverside Academy are located at Gainesville; 2,697 farms in county.
HANCOCK: 13,070; Sparta, 1,613; area, 530 square miles; taxable property, $2,840,355.00; Congress, Tenth; Senate, Twentieth; Ocmulgee circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, potatoes, peanuts, hay, peaches, pecans, truck, vetch and beans. Permanent pastures are planted which are encouraging dairying and hog raising in county. Much poultry and many eggs are sold each month. Manufactures flour, textiles; mines, granite, kaolin, clays and chalk. Tenth District A. & M. School at Granite Hill. Average altitude 557. Soil, red, gray; 1,755 farms in county.
HARALSON: 13,243; Buchanan, 429; area, 284 square miles; taxable wealth, $2,705,242.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Thirty-eighth; Tallapoosa circuit. Products, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, potatoes, rye, peaches, apples, other fruits, livestock, poultry and eggs. Textiles are manufactured and gold, pyrites and copper are mined. Tallapoosa and Bremen are other towns. Average altitude 1,000 feet. Soil, red, gray; 1,681 farms in county.
HARRIS: 11,140; Hamilton, 439; area, 501 square miles; taxable property, $2,602,286.00; Congress, Fourth; Senate, Twenty-fifth; Chattahoochee circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, potatoes, peanuts, hay, apples, peaches, melons, berries, hogs, livestock, poultry and eggs and truck. Power on streams is being developed in county. Average altitude 786 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil. Chipley is located in this county also; 1,465 farms in county.
HART: 15,174; Hartwell, 2,048; area, 261 square miles; taxable property, $2,594,995.00; Congress, Eighth; Senate, Thirtieth; Northern circuit. Crops favorable to east Georgia are grown and plan of diversification followed by farmers in recent years has caused dairying, livestock and poultry raising to bring thousands of dollars into county. Prod-
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ucts, cotton, corn, grain, potatoes, hay, apples, peaches and pecans, textiles are manufactured. Average altitude 838 feet. Soil, gray, gravelly, which is being improved by legume plants; 2,278 farms in county.
HEARD: 9,101; Franklin, 311; area, 285 square miles; taxable wealth, $1,327,855,00; Congress, Fourth; Senate, Thirty-seventh; Coweta circuit. Products, cotton, corn, hay and grains, peaches, poultry and eggs, beans and vetch grown. Mines graphite and other minerals. Average altitude 696 feet; Soil, red and gray; 1,747 farms in county.
HENRY: 15,933; McDonough, 1,068; area, 324 square miles; taxable property, $3,771,270.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Thirty-fifth; Flint circuit. Products, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, potatoes, hay, watermelons, peaches, apples, pecans, hogs, poultry and eggs, beans and vetch, textiles, fertilizer, textile products. Average altitude 866 feet. Soil, clay, sandy loam, clay sub-soil; 2,559 farms in county.
HOUSTON: 11,279; Perry, 1,396; area 450* square miles; taxable property, $3,374,980.00; Congress, Twelfth; Senate, Twenty-third; Macon circuit. Products, cotton, corn, peas, oats, wheat, potatoes, hay, peanuts, melons, pecans, 636,000 peach trees in county, hogs, poultry and eggs, soy beans and vetch, textiles, and foundry products. The Clinchfield cement plant is located in this county manufacturing 700,000 barrels of cement annually. Average altitude 300 feet. Soil, red and gray; 1,241 farms in county. (*Estimated.)
IRWIN: 12,199; Ocilla, 2,033; area, 378 square miles; taxable property, $2,658,595.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Forty-fifth; Tifton circuit. Products, tobacco, corn, cotton, grain, peanuts, potatoes, hay, peaches, pecans, trucking and turpentine, hogs, poultry and eggs, soy and velvet beans, lumbering. Average altitude 686 feet. Soil, gray, pebble, clay sub-soil; 1,606 farms in county.
JACKSON: 21,609; Jefferson, 1,869; area, 355 square miles; taxable property, $4,776,121.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Thirty-third; Piedmont circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, peas, peanuts, potatoes, hay, sorghum, peaches, apples, pecans, pears, livestock, hogs, poultry and eggs, alfalfa, vetch, textiles. Average altitude 1,000 feet; soil, gray, red, pebble, clay sub-soil. Commerce, with population of 2,459, is also located in this county; 3,009 farms in county.
JASPER: 8,686; Monticello, 1,593; area, 321 square miles; taxable property, $1,928,951.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Twenty-eighth; Ocmulgee circuit. Products, cotton, wheat, grain, corn, potatoes, hay, pecans, half million peach trees in county, pepper, dairying, pure bred cows, poultry and eggs, lumber mills, bobbin spool factory, farm implements, fertilizers, flour mills, ice factory. Average altitude 800 feet. Soil, clay and loam. Much alfalfa, vetch and other cover crops are planted to improve soil; 1,147 farms in county.
JEFF DAVIS: 8,117; Hazlehurst, 1,378; area, 400 square miles; taxable property, $1,801,169.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Third; Brunswick circuit. Products, tobacco, having two warehouses at Hazlehurst that handled 2,292,016 pounds in 1929, cotton, grain, corn, livestock, hogs, poultry, eggs, fruits and vegetables for market, potatoes, sugar cane, peanuts, pecans, naval stores, cross-ties, lumber. Average altitude 256 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil; 979 farms in county.
JEFFERSON: 20,727; Louisville, 1,628; area, 646 square miles; taxable property, $4,418,747.00; Congress, Tenth; Senate, Eighteenth; Middle circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, hay, potatoes, peanuts, peas, tobacco, peaches, apples, pecans, melons, fruits and vegetables, livestock, hogs, poultry and eggs, limestone, marl. Louisville was former capital of Georgia. Wadley, with population of 1,423 has several manufacturing plants. Average altitude 236 feet. Soil, red and gray; 2,582 farms in county.
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JENKINS: 12,899; Millen, 2,522; area, 342 square miles; taxable property, $2,813,775.00; Congress, First; Senate, Seventeenth; Ogeechee circuit. Products, tobacco, cotton, corn, sugar cane, potatoes, grain, apples, peanuts, peaches, fruits and vegetables, pecans, hay, hogs, poultry and eggs, vetch and beans, textiles, fertilizers, ice. Average altitude 158 feet. Soil, red, pebble, clay sub-soil; 1,676 farms in county.
JOHNSON: 12,682; Wrightsville, 1,741; area, 292 square miles; taxable property, $2,541,779.00; Congress, Twelfth; Senate, Sixteenth; Dublin circuit. Products, tobacco, cotton, corn, grain, sugar cane, potatoes, peas, fruits and vegetables, livestock, hogs, poultry, eggs. Altitude 567 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil; 1,742 farms in county.
JONES: 8,992; Gray, 653; area, 377 square miles; taxable property, $1,662,977.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Twenty-first; Ocmulgee circuit. Products, all crops grown in middle Georgia including cotton, corn, grain, hay, potatoes, watermelons, soy beans, one million peach trees in county, also many hogs, poultry and eggs are sold. Average altitude 300 feet. Soil, red, gray. Kaolin is mined; 920 farms in county.
LAMAR: 9,695; Barnesville, 3,188; area, 182 square miles; taxable property $2,716,704.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Twenty-second; Flint circuit. General crops grown in middle Georgia produced on farms, including cotton, corn, grain, potatoes, alfalfa, beans and vetch, many peaches, pecans, livestock, hogs, poultry and eggs being sold. Many manufacturing plants are located at Barnesville, textiles leading. Milner is another town in the county. Sixth District A. & M. School at Barnesville; 919 farms in county.
LANIER: 5,190; Lakeland, 1,007; area, 225 square miles; taxable ' property, $1,236,879.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Sixth; Alapaha circuit. Products, tobacco and other crops grown generally in south
Georgia, peaches and pecans, soy beans, much interest is taken in hog and poultry raising. Much lumber and naval stores produced; 564 farms in county.
LAURENS: 32,689; Dublin, 6,681; area, 806 square miles; taxable property, $9,109,125.00; Congress, Twelfth; Senate Sixteenth; Dublin circuit. Products, tobacco, cotton, corn, grain, hay, potatoes, peaches and vegetables, sugar cane, many hogs and much poultry and eggs sold. Legumes planted extensively. Creamery affords market for local dairy products. Hundreds of carloads of farm products sold annually. Dublin has many manufacturing plants. Average altitude, 452; soil, sandy loam. Many fine yields of cotton and corn are reported by Laurens farmers; 4,167 farms in county.
LEE: 8,328; Leesburg, 691; area, 326 square miles; taxable property, $2,104,376.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Tenth; Southwestern circuit. Products, cotton, corn, peanuts, potatoes, grain, sugar cane, hay, pecans, peaches, fruits, vegetables, hogs, poultry, eggs. Average altitude 279 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil. Naval stores and lumber are important products; 1,169 farms in county.
LIBERTY: 8,604; Hinesville, 416; area, 936 square miles; taxable property, $1,806,343.00; Congress, First; Senate, Second; Atlantic circuit. Products, tobacco, corn, cotton, rice, potatoes, oats, sugar cane, figs, grapes, pecans, hogs, poultry and eggs, soy beans, naval stores and saw mills, using pine and hardwoods. Average altitude 30 feet. Soil, sandy, clay sub-soil; 1,111 farms in county. Liberty County Fair held each fall at Hinesville.
LINCOLN: 7,846; Lincolnton, 915; area, 291 square miles; taxable property, $1,394,714.00; Congress, Tenth; Senate, Twenty-ninth; Toombs circuit. Products, cotton, corn, peaches and other fruits and vegetables grown in this section. Much interest taken in livestock, cattle, hogs and poultry. The cream sales total about $50,000 annually and many hogs, chickens and eggs are sold. Soy beans and vetch planted. Gold and granite are mined. Average altitude 500 feet. Soil, sandy loam clay sub-soil; 1,481 farms in county.
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LONG: 4,180; Ludowici, 615; area, 450 square miles; taxable property, $1,216,167.00; Congress, First; Senate, Second; Atlantic circuit. Products general in southeast Georgia are produced, including a lively interest in livestock, hogs, poultry, eggs. Many vegetables are grown for market, also fruits. Olay products are manufactured, also rosin; turpentine, lumber; 467 farms in county.
LOWNDES: 29,989; Valdosta, 13,478; area, 476 square miles; taxable property, $13,396,311.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Sixth; Southern circuit. Large variety of crops grown, also plants for sale, nuts and fruits. Vegetables are grown for shipment to markets north and south and permanent pastures afford grazing ground for livestock the year round. County has 16 towns, each being a shipping point. Much tobacco is grown, there being eight warehouses in county, five at Valdosta that handled 8,337,866 pounds in 1929 and three at Hahira handling 3,150,965 pounds in 1929. Government has large fish hatchery at a large lake in county. Valdosta has industrial plants, wholesale houses and 300 or more retail concerns. It is the seat of the Georgia State Woman's College and of the Junior College of Emory University. Tobacco Belt Exposition at Valdosta in fall; 1,817 farms in county.
LUMPKIN: 4,927; Dahlonega, 905; area, 280 square miles; taxable property, $1,408,495.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Thirty-second; Northeastern circuit. Products, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, potatoes, hay, onions, cabbage, apples, peaches. Mines, gold, mica, pyrites. Dahlonega has long been the center of gold mining in Georgia, a mint being located there several years prior to 1861, which was discontinued. Mining for gold is being resumed on a large scale in the county. Average altitude 1,519 feet. The North Georgia Agricultural College is located at Dahlonega; 816 farms in county.
McDUFFIE: 9,018; Thomson, 1,910; area, 287 square miles; taxable property, $2,354,320.00; Congress, Tenth; Senate, Twenty-ninth; Augusta circuit. Products, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, cane, potatoes, hay, vegetables, apples, peaches, melons, hogs, poultry and eggs; many acres in legumes. Gold, clay. Average altitude 503 feet. Soil, sandy clay; 1,197 farms in county.
McINTOSH: 5,752; Darien, 925; area, 470 square miles; taxable property, $1,512,423.00; Congress, First; Senate, Second; Atlantic circuit. Crops suitable to tropical climate are grown, including much truck for market. Some cotton and corn, poultry and eggs are sold. Mclntosh, one of the oldest counties in the state, was established Dec. 19, 1793. Its natural lowlands and majestic liveoaks and excellent fishing grounds attract visitors by the hundreds. Hunters find duck, wild turkey, deer and game birds in season. Darien is a port from which many fishing vessels operate, their catches of shrimp and oysters being shipped or canned. Other industries include operation of sawmills, cutting cross-ties and logs; cattle raising, and recently truck farming and the production of bulbs for market has proven profitable. Sheep and goats are raised. Average altitude 25 feet. Gray, black soil; 274 farms in county.
MACON: 16,695; Oglethorpe, 953; area, 369 square miles; taxable property, $3,698,296.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Thirteenth; Southwestern circuit. County has 50,000 pecan trees, 40,000 acres in corn and oats, 40,000 acres in cotton, more than 1,000,000 peach trees. Grows many melons, peanuts, potatoes. Asparagus growing was started in Marshallville territory several years ago, several thousand acres being planted each year, the yield being large. S. H. Rumph, at Marshallville, propagated the Elberta peach, the most famous in the world. Practically every train passing through county takes on shipments of food grown locally for other markets. There are manufacturing plants at Montezuma, Marshallville and Oglethorpe; 1,905 farms in county.
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MADISON: 14,923; Danielsville, 296; area 284 square miles; taxable property, $2,437,354.00; Congress, Eight; Senate, Thirtieth; Northern circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, hay, hogs, poultry, eggs and dairying, much cream being sold annually. Many acres in legumes. Graphite is mined. Average altitude 900 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil; 2,602 farms in county.
MARION: 6,968; Buena Vista, 1,097; area, 360 square miles; taxable wealth, $1,544,650.00; Congress, Fourth; Senate, Twenty-fourth; Chattahoochee circuit. Products, cotton, corn, hay, grain, sugar cane, peanuts, potatoes, peas, peaches, pecans, hogs, cattle and poultry raising, naval stores, lumbering. Average altitude 800 feet. Soil, sandy clay; 1,092 farms in county.
MERIWETHER: 22,437; Greenville, 672; area, 496 square miles,' taxable property, $5,002,895.00; Congress, Fourth; Senate, Thirty-sixth; Coweta circuit. Products, cotton, corn, oats, 750,000 peach trees in county, pecans, pepper, peanuts, vegetables, dairying, hogs, poultry and eggs. Woodbury with a population of 918 has several manufacturing plants, including a pimiento pepper canning factory. Soil, gray, gravelly and red. Manchester, population, 2,776; has railroad shop and several manufacturing plants; 2,434 farms in county.
MILLER: 9,074; Colquitt, 830; area, 253 square miles; taxable property, $2,288,852.00; Congress, Second; Senate, Eighth; Pataula circuit. Products, cotton, corn, potatoes, hay, grain, cane, peanuts, peas, fruits and vegetables, hogs, cattle, poultry, eggs, naval stores, lumbering, limestone. Average altitude 250 feet. Soils, sandy loam; 1,477 farms in county.
MILTON: 6,722; Alpharetta, 477; area, 145 square miles; taxable wealth, $1,161,218.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Fifty-first; Blue Ridge circuit. Products, corn, cotton, wheat, oats, potatoes, hay, apples, peaches, hogs and poultry. Alfalfa and vetch. Altitude 1,100 feet. Soil, red clay; 1,318 farms in county.
MITCHELL: 23,617; Camilla, 2,022; area, 548 square miles; taxable property, $5,555,754.00; Congress, Second; Senate, Eighth; Albany circuit. Principal products, tobacco with four warehouses, two at Camilla, handling 1,209,072 pounds in 1929, and two at Pelham, handling 2,343,306 pounds in 1929. County shipped 764 cars watermelons in 1929. Other products are cotton, potatoes, peanuts, pecans, cattle, hogs, poultry, eggs, sour cream, beans, cucumbers, tomatoes, squash, eggplant, okra, peas and other truck shipped in large quantities. Sheep, lambs, goats, wool and syrup marketed in quantities. Pelham, with a poulation of 2,762, is a thriving, busy city, having plants manufacturing cotton cloth, cottonseed products, and fertilizers; in it is marketed or conveyed for shipment much of the county's products, including large amounts of naval stores, and other farm products. Large cream-buying stations and commercial hatcheries are located in Pelham and Camilla; 2,877 farms in county.
MONROE: 11,606; Forsyth, 2,277; area, 484 square miles; taxable property, $3,745,523.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Twenty-second; Flint circuit. Products, cotton, corn, potatoes, wheat, oats, peaches, pecans, lumber, livestock, poultry and eggs. Dairying is making much progress with farmers, cover crops being planted for grazing and for soil improvement. Many manufacturing plants are operated at Forsyth, textiles leading. Average altitude 704 feet. Mica is mined. Soil, loam, mulatto, red clay sub-soil. Bessie Tift College and State A. & M. School for Negroes located at Forsyth; 1,277 farms in county.
MONTGOMERY: 10,019; Mount Vernon, 779; area, 190 square miles; taxable property, $1,833,364.00; Congress, Twelfth; Senate, Fifteenth; Oconee circuit. Products, tobacco, corn, cotton, potatoes, sugar cane, grain, hay, peaches, pecans, grapes and other fruits and vegetables,
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hogs, poultry and eggs and dairying. Average altitude 125 feet. Soil, sandy loam; 1,291 farms in county.
MORGAN: 12,487; Madison, 1,965; area, 390 square miles; taxable property, $3,722,605.00; Congress, Eighth; Senate, Twenty-eighth; Ocmulgee circuit. Products, cotton, corn, hay, grain, peaches, pecans and many fruits and vegetables, livestock growing is gaining in county with much milk, many hogs, poultry and eggs sold. Eighth District A. & M. School located at Madison. County Fair at Madison each fall. Average altitude 677 feet. Soil, red, gray; 1,791 farms in county.
MURRAY: 8,613; Chatsworth, 607; area, 342 square miles; taxable wealth, $1,902,414.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Forty-third; Cherokee circuit. Products, cotton, corn, oats, wheat, hay, apples, peaches, pears, clover, many other fruits and vegetables, cattle, hogs, poultry and eggs. Average altitude 1,400 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil. Talc, pyrites, limestone, road materials, barytes and gold are mined; 1,493 farms in county.
MUSCOGEE: 57,497; Columbus, 43,122; area, 235 square miles; taxable property, $44,309,870.00; Congress, Fourth; Senate, Twentyfourth; Chattahoochee circuit. Crops suitable for west Georgia are grown and many hogs, poultry and eggs are marketed. Columbus is said to be the second largest textile manufacturing city in the South with more than a half million spindles. This city also manufactures brick, iron and wood products. South Georgia Power Company, formerly the Columbus Electric and Power Company, has developed much power on the Chattahoochee river and other streams, its lines serving approximately 200,000 people and an area of 12,000 square miles. Fort Benning, the largest Infantry School in the world, containing approximately 97,000 acres, United States army post, is near Columbus. Chattahoochee Valley Exposition each fall at Columbus; 627 farms in county.
NEWTON: 17,291; Covington, 3,203; area, 262 square miles; taxable property, $5,143,211.00; Congress, Eighth; Senate, Thirty-fourth; Stone Mountain circuit. Products, corn, hay, cotton peanuts, sweet and Irish potatoes, peaches, apples, pecans, hogs, poultry and eggs and cattle with dairying making rapid progress. Has many breeders of Jersey, Hereford and other pure bred cattle and has some of the finest permanent pastures in the State. Many pure bred cattle are sold; also many dairy products, hogs and poultry. Large textile mills are located at Porterdale and Covington. Emory University Academy is located at Oxford; 1,783 farms in county.
OCONEE: 8,082; Watkinsville, 465; area, 172 square miles; taxable property, $1,729,450.00; Congress, Eighth; Senate, Twenty-seventh; Western circuit. All crops favorable to middle east Georgia are grown, including cotton, corn, grain, potatoes, hay and peaches, with dairying, hog and poultry making great progress. Average altitude 800 feet. Soil, red, gray; 1,348 farms in county.
OGLETHORPE: 12,926; Lexington, 455; area, 504 square miles; taxable property, $3,319,491.00; Congress, Eighth; Senate, Fiftieth; Northern circuit. Products, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, peas, hay, peaches, textiles, granite. Hogs and poultry raising increasing. Soy and velvet beans and vetch grown. Average altitude 299 feet. Soil, red clay; 2,115 farms in county.
PAULDING: 12,325; Dallas, 1,410; area, 324 square miles; taxable property, $2,186,062.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Thirty-eighth; Tallapoosa circuit. Products, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, potatoes, sweet and Irish, peaches, apples, pecans, cattle, hogs, poultry, eggs, iron ore, copper, pyrites, textiles and textile products. Average altitude 1,500 feet. Corn and cotton club boys have made yields as high as 44 bales of cotton on 22 acres, 182 bushels of corn on one acre and 111 bushels on another acre; 2,252 farms in county.
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PEACH: 10,268; Fort Valley, 4,560; area, 150* square miles; taxable property, $3,132,485.00; Congress, Twelfth; Senate, Twenty-third; Macon circuit. Many crops are grown extensively, including cotton, corn, pecans, peanuts, asparagus. In county are 350,000 peach trees and Fort Valley is one of the largest peach shipping points in the State. Livestock growing has made rapid headway in county, many cars of hogs being shipped annually; also many chickens and eggs. Fort Valley is a large manufacturing center, the products including textiles and textile goods, crates, baskets, flour, ice, oil mill, bottling plants, dairies, etc. Farms in county, 786. (*Estimated).
PICKENS: 9,686; Jasper, 563; area, 231 square miles; taxable property, $1,830,147.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Forty-first; Blue Ridge circuit. Farm products, such as corn, some cotton, apples and other fruits and vegetables thrive in county. At Tate is located the Georgia Marble Company, which produces marble and granite used in erecting buildings and memorials all over the United States and other countries. Georgia is only exceeded by Vermont in the annual output of marble, a large percentage of which comes from Pickens. The quarries of Pickens county give employment to several thousand persons. Average altitude 1,500 feet. Pickens County Fair at Jasper each fall; 1,075 farms in county.
PIERCE: 12,522; Blackshear, 1,816; area, 517 square miles; taxable property, $3,921,794.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Forty-sixth; Waycross circuit. Products, tobacco, four warehouses at Blackshear that handle 8,865,950 pounds in 1929; corn, cotton, sweet potatoes, peas, peanuts, pecans, hogs, poultry and eggs. Legumes extensively planted. Average altitude 106 feet. Soil, sandy loam; 1,247 farms in county.
PIKE: 10,853; Zebulon, 576; area, 200 square miles (estimated); taxable property, $2,038,060.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Twenty-second; Griffin circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, pecans, peaches, potatoes, hay, apples, pepper, vegetables, dairying, hogs, poultry and eggs. Legumes are extensively planted. Average altitude 700 feet. Soil, red, gray. Concord has a large grain mill and nursery. Meansville, Molena and Williamson are other towns; 1,561 farms in county.
POLK: 25,153; Cedartown, 8,126; area, 317 square miles; taxable property, $8,205,270.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Thirty-eighth; Tallapoosa circuit. Cotton, corn, grain and many other crops flourish in Polk, with much fruit also being grown, one apple orchard containing 40,000 trees. Dairying, poultry-raising are thriving. Cedartown and Rockmart contain many plants which manufacture textile goods, paper, foundry products, marble, lumber, cotton oil. The Clearwater mill of the Goodyear Tire and Rubber manufactures tire fabric at Cedartown. In Cedartown is located branch of U. S. Finishing Co., of New York. The mines of Woodstock Operating Corp. operate two washers, shipping large quantities of high grade iron ore. In Rockmart is one of the largest cement plants in the South; also Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., fabric mills. County fair held in fall each year; 1,925 farms in county.
PULASKI: 9,004; Hawkinsville, 2,483; area, 258 square miles; taxable property, $3,061,390.00; Congress, Twelfth; Senate, Fourteenth; Oconee circuit. Products shipped in one year include milk, $90,000.00; cream, $6,000.00; peaches, $35,000.00; hogs, $45,000.00; cattle, $8,000.00; corn, $5,000.00; poultry and eggs, $6,000.00; melons, $4,000.00; vegetables, pears, potatoes, etc., $8,000.00; hay, straw, grain, etc., $3,000.00; cotton and seed, $945,000.00; pecans, $6,000.00; peanuts, $39,000.00; total $1,191,000.00. (Estimated value.) Thousand acres in vetch. Textiles, creamery products, ice, lumber, etc., are manufactured. Both pine and hard woods found in county. Average altitude 817 feet. Pulaski County Fair at Hawkinsville each fall; 980 farms in county.
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PUTNAM: 8,364; Eatonton, 1,874; area, 361 square miles; taxable property, $2,125,325.00; Congress, Eighth; Senate, Twenty-eighth; Ocmulgee circuit. Most agricultural crops, including cereals and. grasses, cotton, corn, peaches and pecans thrive here. Dairying is growing rapidly; one local creamery paid Putnam farmers $114,888.00 for sweet cream in one year, with many thousands of dollars worth of sour cream also being shipped out of the county. Thousands of acres in vetch. Much poultry and many eggs are sold also. Average altitude 577 feet. Soil, red chocolate; 984 farms in county.
QUITMAN: 3,820; Georgetown, 345; area, 144 square miles; taxable property, $668,554.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Twelfth; Pataula circuit. Products, cotton, corn, peanuts, hay, grain, pecans, potatoes, cane, peaches, hogs, cattle, poultry and eggs. Iron ore is mined. Average altitude 600 feet. Soil, loam and clay; 490 farms in county.
RABUN: 6,345; Clayton, 808; area, 377 square miles; taxable property, $1,883,030.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Fortieth; Northeastern circuit. Products, corn, grain, potatoes, sweet and Irish, hay, apples, grapes, berries. Poultry is important and thriving industry. Asbestos, graphite, gold, mica are mined. Many large apple orchards are located in Rabun and the Tallulah Falls power plant and others of the Georgia Power Company are in this county. Average altitude 2,100 feet. Many tourists visit this section during the summer months; 770 farms in county.
RANDOLPH: 17,173; Cuthbert, 3,235; area, 412 square miles; taxable property, $3,441,400.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Eleventh; Pataula circuit. Products, tobacco, cotton, corn, oats, asparagus, peaches, peanuts, melons, truck, poultry and eggs, hogs, dairy cows, and creamery products, pecans, pears, Satsuma oranges, blueberries, bauxite, limestone, kaolins, lumber, both pine and hardwoods, naval stores, many manufacturing plants. Andrew Junior College at Cuthbert, excellent roads and railroad facilities. A new product of the county is Golden Travertine, being mined from a limestone deposit, from Greer's Cave, about six miles north of Cuthbert. This marble is more beautiful than the imported Travertine and was used in the new Fox Theatre and City Hall in Atlanta. Loamy soils, clay sub-soils. Average altitude 446 feet; 2,227 farms in county.
RICHMOND: 72,984; Augusta; 60,204; area, 319 square miles; taxable property, $42,242,808.00; Congress, Tenth; Senate, Eighteenth; Augusta circuit. County has 32 distinct types of soil adaptable to growing almost all field crops and fruits. Ten months growing season permits year-round pastures for grazing, thus encouraging livestock and poultry raising. There are 13 large textile mills in and around Augusta producing annually more than $25,000,000 worth of goods. Augusta is second largest inland cotton market in the United States. Thirteen plants produce clay for 175,000,000 building brick and 50,000 tons for hollow tile annually. This section produces more than five million feet of gums and other hardwoods each year. Augusta has many otherplants that manufacture a variety of products. This city is a famous winter resort having several tourists hotels that draw patronage from all over the United States. Exchange Club Fair at Augusta in November. At Augusta is located the Junior College, the medical department of the University of Georgia, Broad Oak School, Haines Institute for Negroes and Paine College for Negroes. Farms in county, 968.
ROCKDALE: 7,245; Conyers, 1,817; area, 119 square miles; taxable property, $1,887,440.00; Congress, Fifth; Senate, Thirty-fourth; Stone Mountain circuit. Products, corn, cotton, oats, wheat, forage, Irish and sweet potatoes, truck, peanuts, strawberries, alfalfa, clover, livestock and poultry and eggs. Granite quarrying is an important industry, the county being rich in deposits of granite, a continuation
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of the Stone Mountain stratum, 16 miles away. Average altitude 880 feet. Soil, sandy loam; 982 farms in county.
SCHLEY: 5,341; Ellaville, 758; area, 154 square miles; taxable property, $1,346,171.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Thirteenth; Southwestern circuit. Products, cotton, corn, hay potatoes, grain, hogs, soy beans, poultry and eggs, peanuts, pecans, peaches, watermelons, lumbering. Average altitude 400 feet. Soils, sandy loam; 758 farms in county.
SCREVEN: 20,708; Sylvania, 1,781, area, 794 square miles; taxable property, $3,842,366.00; Congress, First; Senate, Seventeenth; Ogeechee circuit. Products, tobacco, cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, cane, potatoes, hay, peanuts, hogs, poultry and eggs, naval stores, lumbering Average altitude 250 feet. Soil, red and clay; 2,754 farms in county.
SEMINOLE: 7,399; Donaldsonville, 1,031; area, 266 square miles; taxable property, $2,143,463.00; Congress, Second; Senate, Eighth; Pataula circuit. Products, tobacco, peanuts, corn, potatoes, cotton, hay, hogs, poultry, and eggs, lumbering. The Hereford cattle herds at Donaldsonville are among the largest of the kind east of the Mississippi river; 953 farms in county.
SPALDING: 23,472; Griffin, 10,321; Greater Griffin, 18,018; area 209 square miles; assessed valuation of taxable property, $8,410,560.00; Congress, 6; Senate, 26; Griffin circuit. Agricultural products, cotton, corn, small grain, peaches, pimento peppers, vegetables, dairy products, poultry products, livestock and hogs. Spalding County is world famous as grower and canner of pimento peppers.
Griffin, the County Seat, is an important industrial and agricultural center, located forty miles south of Atlanta on the Central of Georgia railroad, the Southern Railroad and the Dixie Highway. The chief articles manufactured in Griffin are Turkish towels, staple cotton goods, hosiery, diaper cloth, infants hose, underwear, sweaters, buggies, optical goods, medicine, cotton seed products, building materials, cabinets and fixtures, bottled drinks, canned pimento peppers, canned vegetables, ice, food products.
Griffin has a 4,000,000 gallon daily capacity waterworks system. Spalding County has County High School and five consolidated rural grade schools, provided for by bond issue. All main roads are paved; 1,131 farms in county.
STEPHENS: 11,740; Toccoa, 4,602; area, 166 square miles; taxable property, $2,251,535.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Thirty-first; Northeastern circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, peas, peaches, apples, cattle, hogs and poultry, much poultry and many eggs being sold annually. Toccoa has several factories. Average altitude 1,045 feet. Soil, red and gray; 1,235 farms in county.
STEWART: 11,108; Lumpkin, 1,103; area, 411 square miles; taxable wealth, $3,062,020.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Twelfth; Southwestern circuit. Products, cotton, corn, peas, beans, peanuts, sugar cane, all grain, potatoes, peaches, pears, cattle, hogs and eggs. Fullers earth is mined. Thousands of acres planted in legumes. There are several manufacturing plants at Lumpkin and Riehland, the latter city having a population of 1,529. Average altitude 650 feet. Soil, loam and clay; 1,194 farms in county.
SUMTER: 26,794; Americus, 8,754; area, 456 square miles; taxable property, $8,458,803.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Thirteenth; Southwestern circuit. All farm crops common to south Georgia are grown in Sumter in abundance, including, cotton, corn, peanuts, oats, wheat, potatoes, pecans, 260,000 peach trees in county. Livestock thrive on all-year pastures and many hogs, poultry and eggs are sold annually. Forests include 32 varieties of valuable pine, hardwood and other timber. Has 22 different kinds of soil, winters short and mild, snow seldom seen, summers temperate. Kaolin and bauxite are mined. Many manufacturing plants are operated at Americus and other towns in the county
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Ridge circuit. Products, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, sweet potatoes, poultry, eggs and hogs, cattle raising; dairying, all fruits, such as apples, peaches. Manufactures textiles and marble plants. Several hundred persons are employed in the lumber industry in the county. Minerals: gold, mica, soapstone, iron ore, asbestos, clays, marble. Average altitude 894 feet. Soil, gray, red, mulatto. Cherokee County Fair at Canton each fall. Reinhardt College located in county. At Canton is one of the most modernly equipped creameries in the State. Largest number of registered Guernseys in any county in State. There are eleven consolidated schools of the junior high school type; 2,459 farms in county.
CLARKE: 25,609 population, City of Athens, 18,189; area 114 square miles; taxable property, $14,568,985.00 exclusive of $3,000,000.00 of State and County School property in Athens, Georgia. Eighth Congressional District; Fiftieth Senatorial District; Western circuit. Grows all farm products favorable to this section, including much poultry and eggs, livestock and truck. There are 53 manufacturing plants in the county producing a wide variety of manufactured articles, including textiles, textile goods, fertilizers, mill work, implements, base-ball bats, shovel handles, etc. Athens is the seat of the University of Georgia, State College of Agriculture, State Teachers College, Lucy Cobb Institute and Lumpkin Law School. Clarke County is served by five railroads and six well established highways, fed by a well kept system of county roads. Annual industrial pay roll exceeds $2,000,000 and the 3,000 students in the various educational institutions expend an equal amount in Athens each year. The average altitude of the county is 705 feet. Soils are mostly red clay and gray loam; 1,040 farms in county.
CLAY: 6,943; Fort Gaines, 1,272; area, 203 square miles; taxable property, $1,545,396.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Eleventh; Pataula circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, sugar cane, potatoes, peanuts, hay, peaches, pecans, much truck, poultry and hogs. Average altitude 190 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil; 957 farms in county.
CLAYTON: 10,260; Jonesboro, 1,065; area, 142 square miles; taxable property, $2,207,648.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Thirty-fifth; Stone Mountain circuit. Soil highly productive and grows 38 cash crops, which with proper rotation and diversification a year-round income is assured. All staple crops are grown, such as cotton, corn, potatoes, hay, watermelons, much truck, poultry, eggs, livestock, cattle and hogs. Has fine railroad, concrete highway and power facilities. Average altitude 917 feet; 1,211 farms in county.
CLINCH: 6,990; Homerville, 1,148; area, 900 square miles; taxable property, $2,126,907.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Fifth; Alapaha circuit. Products, tobacco, cotton, corn, grain, sugar cane, potatoes, sweet and Irish, peaches, fruits, vegetables, hogs and poultry. Altitude 176 feet. Soil, sandy loam; 315 farms in county.
COBB: 35,539; Marietta, 7,634; area, 353 square miles; taxable property, $10,525,815.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Thirty-ninth; Blue Ridge circuit. All farm crops suitable to this section are grown, dairying, pure bred cattle and poultry raising rapidly increasing here in the last few years; much truck is grown in this county and marketed in Atlanta, which is 20 miles distant from Marietta, with paved road connecting. Marietta has many manufacturing plants, such as textile, furniture, marble, machinery, etc.; also many cotton gins. Average altitude, 1,118 feet. Red, mulatto soil. Acworth, population 1,163, Roswell, 1,200, other towns in Cobb that have several manufacturing plants. Many historical points, including Kennesaw Mountain and other Civil War battle fields located in county. Four railroad trunk
130

lines, and one interurban electric line serve county. Good roads, including Dixie Highway, paved through county. Well known as one of the leading farm counties; agricultural display taking first prize at State and Southeastern Fairs, 1929. Seventh District A. & M. School located at Powder Springs. Cobb County Fair held each fall at Marietta; 3,389 farms in county.
COFFEE: 19,822; Douglas, 4,213; area, 632 square miles; taxable property, $4,291,534.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Forty-sixth; Waycross circuit. Douglas has five tobacco warehouses that handled 10,840,937 pounds in 1929. Soils are especially adapted to growing of fruits, such as strawberries, blackberries and dewberries; melons, tomatoes, peppers, peas, peanuts, tobacco, dairying, hogs and poultry raising largely engaged in. Cotton, corn, oats, hay are produced. South Georgia State College and Georgia Normal Business College located in county. Coffee County Fair held at Douglas each fall. Average altitude 275 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil; 2,055 farms in county.
COLQUITT: 30,620; Moultrie, 8,024; area, 529; taxable property, $6,957,461.00; Congress, Second; Senate, Forty-seventh; Southern circuit. Three tobacco warehouses at Moultrie handled 4,929,444 pounds in 1929. South Georgia Fair at Moultrie held each fall. Norman Junior College at Norman Park, and Moultrie Commercial College at Moultrie. Swift Packing Plant at Moultrie slaughters 150,000 hogs each year, stimulating hog raising in that section. Many melons are shipped from county each year, also much poultry, eggs and farm products, such as cotton, corn, peanuts, potatoes, pecans, hay, peppers, cane syrup. Manufactures lumber products. Average altitude 325 feet. Soil, sandy loam and clay sub-soil; 3,086 farms in county.
COLUMBIA: 8,693; Appling, 841; area, 350 square miles; taxable property, $1,718,828.00; Congress, Tenth; Senate, Twenty-ninth; Augusta circuit. Farm crops grown in east Georgia thrive on the clay, grayish loamy soils of the county. Some truck is grown together with cotton, corn, oats and wheat, potatoes, hay, watermelons and pecans. One of leading peach growing counties, and dairying, much sour cream being sold. Pure bred livestock is being introduced on farms. Much hogs, poultry and many eggs are sold. Gold, fullers earth and clay are mined. Average altitude 263 feet. Coweta County Fair at Newnan each fall. Commercial College at Newnan; 1,266 farms in county.
COOK: 11,309; Adel, 1,795; area 241 square miles; taxable property, $2,684,974.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Sixth; Alapaha circuit. Products, tobacco, Adel having two warehouses that handled 3,243,407 pounds in 1929, and other crops generally grown in this section including cotton, grain, beans, potatoes, peanuts, hay, with much live stock, hogs, poultry and eggs being sold annually. Average altitude 246 feet. Soil, pebbly loam and clay sub-soil; 1,296 farms in county.
COWETA: 25,125; Newnan, 6.373; area, 443 square miles; taxable property, $9,256,937.00; Congress, Fourth; Senate, Thirty-sixth; Coweta circuit. The red and gray soils produce all farm crops in abundance, apples, pecans, watermelons, 325,000 peach trees in county, dairying and livestock, hogs and poultry raising making great gains in county. Textiles and foundry products are manufactured and gold and granite are mined. Average altitude 959 feet; 2,270 farms in county.
CRAWFORD: 7,020; Knoxville, 574; area, 319 square miles; taxable property, $1,625,321.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Twenty-third; Macon circuit. Cotton, corn, 400,000 peach trees, asparagus, peanuts, sugar cane, grain, melons, livestock, hogs and poultry. Extensive clay and sand mines are located in county. Roberta with 449 population is in county. Average altitude 375 feet. Soil, sandy loam; 959 farms in county.
CRISP: 17,341; Cordele, 6,878; area, 277 square miles; taxable property, $4,631,616.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Forty-eighth; Cordele cir-
131

in these two cities. Abundant electric power is a factor in the develop ment of this section from an industrial standpoint. College for Women at LaGrange, Penn Studios and Opportunity School, Ga.-Ala. Fair at West Point in fall. Average altitude 786 feet; 1,836 farms in county.
TURNER: 11,196; Ashburn, 2,070; area, 231 square miles; taxable property, $2,875,045.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Forty-seventh; Tifton circuit. Adopting the "Cow, Hog and Hen" plan of farming several years ago, Turner is one of the pioneer counties in the State to get away from all-cotton farming, and as a result many farms are stocked with pure bred cattle, hogs and poultry, many carloads of each being shipped from the county annually. All-year pastures aid dairying in the county and much milk and cream are sold. Co-operative hog and poultry sales are held and many eggs are also shipped from the county. Thousands of acres in soy and velvet beans. General crops grown, include pecans, potatoes, peanuts, hay, melons, and peppers. Turner County Fair at Ashburn each fall. Average altitude 450 feet. Soil, red pebble; 1,331 farms in county.
TWIGGS: 8,372; Jeffeisonville, 692; area, 314 square miles; taxable property, $1,429,967.00; Congress, Twelfth; Senate, Twenty-first; Dublin circuit. Farm crops planted in this section are grown, such as cotton, corn, potatoes, sugar cane, grain, peanuts, watermelons, peaches and pecans. Cattle, hogs, poultry and eggs are sold extensively. Fullers earth and clay are mined. Average altitude 470 feet. Soil gray and loam; 947 farms in county.
UNION: 6,342; Blairsville, 298; area, 324 square miles; taxable property, $927,252.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Fortieth; Northeastern circuit. Products, corn, Irish and sweet potatoes, oats, wheat, rye, apples, peaches, grapes, vegetables, mica, hardwoods. Hogs and poultry important industry. Average altitude 1,926 feet. Soil, red clay; 1,117 farms in county.
UPSON: 19,514; Thomaston, 4,926; area, 317 square miles; taxable property, $5,178,151.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Twenty-fifth; Griffin circuit. Products, cotton, corn, pepper, apples, grain, potatoes, watermelons, poultry and hogs, iron, mica, lumber. Upson County has 890,000 peach trees and shipped more cars of peaches in 1929 than any other county in the State, or east of the Rocky Mountains. Thomaston is a manufacturing center especially for textiles, large mills being devoted exclusively to the production of fabric for automobile tires, a large percentage of the fabric used in the automobile industry being manufactured by the Goodrich Tire Fabric Mills in Silvertown, an incorporated town just outside the limits of Thomaston. Average altitude 576 feet. Soil, red and gray. Yatesville and The Rock are other towns; 1,101 farms in county.
WALKER: 26,200; LaFayette, 2,809; area, 432 square miles; taxable property, $7,567,744.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Forty-fourth; Rome circuit. Crops grown, cotton, corn, oats, hay, potatoes, soy beans, peas, sorghum, peaches and apples, much truck. Pure bred hogs are being placed on many farms also pure bred cattle, there being more than 125 dairies each with 10 cows or more in the county. There are 20 different types of soil in the county which grow crops in abundance and soil is further improved by planting legumes such as rye, vetch, clovers, soy beans and peas. Much poultry is sold. Coal, iron, bauxite, kaolin, shale, cements, clays, ocher, spar, manganese are mixed. Walker County Fair each fall at LaFayette. Rossville, population 1,427, is m Walker County; 2,371 farms in county.
WALTON 21,114: Monroe, 3,704; area, 331 square miles; taxable property, $4,714,135.00; Congress, Eighth; Senate, Twenty-seventh; Western Circuit. Products, cotton, corn, potatoes, peaches, hay, grains, vegetables, hogs, much poultry and many eggs are sold annually. Pure bred cattle are on many farms, which with cover crops are used to im-
148

prove soil and to furnish dairy products at same time. T. M. Glass, of near Gratis, reports growing 62 bales of cotton on 42 acres of land. Several manufacturing plants operate at Monroe. Average altitude 1,100 feet. Soil, red and loam; 3,039 farms in county.
WARE: 26,555; Waycross, 15,507; area, 771 square miles; taxable property, $9,374,201.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Fifth; Waycross circuit. Products, corn, sweet potatoes, Irish potatoes, grain, fruits, pecans and vegetables, naval stores, lumber, poles, cross ties, piling. Much pine and hard wood timber. Tobacco crop growing in importance, many acres being planted in this weed, 2,760,702 pounds being handled in 1929 at the two Waycross warehouses. Waycross is an industrial center, large railroad shops being located there. Other towns in the county are Waresboro, Fairfax, Ruskin, Millwood, Glenmore and Hebardville. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil; 908 farms in county.
WARREN: 11,181; Warrenton, 1,289; area, 404 square miles; taxable property, $2,000,022.00; Congress, Tenth; Senate, Nineteenth; Toombs circuit. Products, cotton, corn, oats, potatoes, hay, vetch, corn, wheat, rye, melons, peas, oats, peanuts, cantaloupes, pecans, peaches, pears, figs, grapes, hogs, poultry and eggs; excellent pastures which encourage placing pure bred cattle on farms, much cream being shipped annually. Legumes extensively planted. Warren-Glascock farm fair held each fall. Beall springs has high medicinal properties. Average altitude 500 feet. Soil, red, loamy. Jewell, Camak, Barnett and Norwood are other towns; 1,554 farms in county.
WASHINGTON: 25,028; Sandersville, 3,011; area, 669 square miles; taxable wealth, $5,378,349.00; Congress, Tenth; Senate, Twentieth; Middle circuit. Products, cotton, corn, peanuts, oats, hay, other grains, beans, potatoes, berries, melons and peaches. Clay and sandstone are mined, a large cement plant at Sandersville. Washington is one of the pioneer counties in the State in diversified crops, many pure bred herds of cattle with cover crops being used for many years to improve the soil and at the same time develop the dairy industry. Some of the finest pure bred cattle herds in the State are in this county and much milk and cream are also sold. Farms are being stocked with pure bred hogs and many are sold each year, also many chickens and eggs. Manufacturing plants are located at Sandersville and Tennille. The population of the latter city is 1,768. Average county altitude 400 feet. Soil, sandy loam. 3,318 farms in county.
WAYNE: 12,647; Jesup, 2,303; area, 788 square miles; taxable wealth $4,103,068.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Third; Brunswick circuit. Wayne farmers grew 300,000 bushels of corn, 1,000,000 pounds of tobacco, 120,000 bushels of sweet potatoes, 20,000 bushels of oats, 1,500 tons hay, 4,000 acres in velvet beans, 3,000 acres in peanuts, 20,000 pounds pecans, 500 bushels peaches, 1,200 bushels of pears. Many hogs, chickens and eggs are sold. Naval stores is important industry. Average altitude 100 feet. Soil, sandy loam. Several manufacturing plants are located in the county; 1,072 farms in county.
WEBSTER: 5,033; Preston, 322; area, 302 square miles; taxable property, $1,072,016.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Twelfth; Southwestern circuit. Products, cotton, corn, tobacco, potatoes, grain, peas, watermelons, sugar cane, hay, peaches, cattle, hogs, poultry and eggs, lumber. Average altitude 325 feet. Soil, gray, sandy; 728 farms in county.
WHEELER: 9,149; Alamo, 613; area, 264 square miles; taxable property, $1,924,485; Congress, Twelfth; Senate, Fifteenth; Oconee circuit. Products, cotton, corn, potatoes, hay, grain, fruits and pecans, lumber, naval stores, cattle, hogs, poultry and eggs. Average altitude 300 feet. Soil, sandy loam. Crops are widely diversified in Wheeler, the soil being especially adapted to a variety of fruits and vegetables, many of which are shipped in carload lots; 1,264 farms in county.
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School for negroes and two Business Colleges in Albany; 791 farms in county.
DOUGLAS: 9,461; Douglasville, 2,318; area, 208 square miles; taxable property, $1,962,745.00; Congress, Fifth; Senate, Thirty-ninth; Tallapoosa circuit. Products, hardwoods, cotton, corn, potatoes, peaches, apples, melons, fruits and vegetables, livestock, poultry, eggs, graphite. South Georgia Junior State College at Douglas. Average altitude 1,215 feet. Soil, red mulatto; 1,391 farms in county.
EARLY: 18,273; Blakely, 2,106; area 524 square miles; taxable property, $4,438,055.00; Congress, Second; Senate, Ninth; Pataula circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, hay, peanuts, livestock, hogs, poultry, eggs. Plan of diversification is followed in Early, a solid train load of local products being shipped from the county in one day. Many saw mills operate. Altitude 300 feet. Soil, red clay, sandy loam; 2,952 farms in county.
ECHOLS: 2,744; Statenville, 438; area, 362 square miles; taxable property, $766,441.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Sixth; Southern circuit. Products, tobacco, corn, peanuts, potatoes, velvet beans and other crops grown in south Georgia. Lumber and naval stores are main products and much livestock, hogs and poultry are raised. Purebred sires are rapidly replacing scrub sires. Ample grazing territory for large increase in hog and cattle production. Average altitude 152 feet. Soils, Blanton, Norfolk and Leon, sandy loam; 245 farms in county.
EFFINGHAM: 10,169; Springfield, 402; area, 448 square miles; taxable property, $2,760,515.00; Congress, First; Senate, First; Ogeechee circuit. Products, cotton, corn, tobacco, pecans, sugar cane, peas, grain, fruits and vegetables, poultry, hogs and livestock. Average altitude 75 feet; soil, sandy loam; 988 farms in county.
ELBERT: 18,484; Elberton, 4,649; area, 361 square miles; taxable property, $5,243,022.00; Congress, Eighth; Senate, Thirtieth; Northern circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, hay, alfalfa, soy beans, sudan grass, silage, legume crops, sorghum, peaches, pecans and many fruits and vegetables. Dairying is engaged in on a large scale and much poultry and eggs are sold, the farms generally stocking up with purebred animals and poultry. Elberton is the center of the granite industry, several large quarries operating here which ship stone to every state in the union and to foreign countries. Fine monumental, memorial and building stone are quarried. Other industries include textile mills, oil mills, creamery, hatchery, machine plant, cotton compress and a silk mill that weaves goods from silk imported from Japan. This mill and its village is one of the most modern in the south. Average altitude 670 feet. Soils are highly productive and are being improved with dairy herds and legumes. Elbert County Fair at Elberton each fall; 2,428 farms in county.
EMANUEL: 24,256; Swainsboro, 2,442; area, 889 square miles; taxable property, $5,212,195.00; Congress, Twelfth; Senate, Sixteenth; Middle circuit. Products, tobacco, corn, cotton, truck, melons, potatoes, pecans, peaches, grain, hay, poultry, eggs, hogs, dairying and livestock for market. Has ten months growing season and year-round pastures with reasonably priced land, fine schools, good roads and power. Swainsboro, on seven state highways and two railroads, has ice plants, planing mill, turpentine stills, cotton gins and other plants. Average altitude 350 feet. Emanuel County Fair each fall; 3,104 farms in county.
EVANS: 7,102; Claxton, 1,582; area, 287 square miles; taxable property, $1,513,926.00; Congress, First; Senate, Forty-ninth; Atlantic circuit. Products, tobacco, corn, cotton, cane, potatoes, grain, peanuts, watermelons, hay, cattle, hogs, sheep, poultry and eggs. Two tobacco warehouses at Claxton, handling 2,278,536 pounds in 1929. Average altitude 350 feet. Soil, gravel surface, clay sub-soil; 694 farms in county.
134

FANNIN: 12,949; Blue Ridge, 1,190; area, 401 square miles; taxable property, $1,951,047.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Forty-first; Blue Ridge circuit. Products, corn, rye, wheat, oats, sweet and Irish potatoes, hay, apples in abundance, peaches, livestock, poultry and eggs. Coal, marble are mined. Average altitude 1,760 feet; clay soil, abundant water supply. Many hardwoods are found in the forests of the county; 1,476 farms in county.
FAYETTE: 8,660; Fayetteville, 796; area, 234 square miles; taxable property, $1,480,493.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Twenty-sixth; Griffin circuit. Products, corn, cotton, potatoes, grain, hay, apples, peaches, pecans, livestock, hogs, poultry, eggs, many vegetables which are trucked to markets. Average altitude 1,100 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay subsoil; 1,631 farms in county.
FLOYD: 48,646; Rome, 21,668; area, 502 square miles; taxable property, $19,482,145.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Forty-second; Rome circuit. All farm crops adaptable to north Georgia are grown in Floyd, including alfalfa, the farms being stocked with purebred cattle, hogs and poultry, many of which are marketed in Rome. Many apples, peaches and other fruits and vegetables are grown. Rome is a large manufacturing center, having 75 industries, including stoves, agricultural implements, furniture, brick, rayon yarn, hosiery and other textile products. This city, which is reached by several railroads and main highways, has abundant power, and is the center of educational facilities, including Shorter College, an A-grade college for women, Berry Schools, Darlington School for boys, together with an excellent public school system. Georgia School for Deaf at Cave Springs. Average altitude 614 feet; 2,848 farms in county.
FORSYTH: 10,719; Cumming, 648; area, 247 square miles; taxable property, $1,729,378.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Fifty-first; Blue Ridge circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, potatoes, apples, other fruits and vegetables, hogs, poultry, livestock. Gold and other minerals are found in the county. Fifth District A. & M. School at Monroe. Average altitude 1,316 feet. Soil, red and gray; 2,169 farms in county.
FRANKLIN: 16,590; Carnesville, 861; area, 279 square miles; taxable wealth, $3,171,739.00; Congress, Eighth; Senate, Thirty-first; Northern circuit. Products, cotton, corn, potatoes, wheat, oats, rye, hay, peaches, apples, grapes, livestock. Poultry raising engaged in extensively, much poultry and many eggs being sold each month. There are several manufacturing plants in the county. Average altitude 1,000 feet. Soil, red, pebble, clay sub-soil; 2,744 farms in county.
FULTON: 310,794; Atlanta, 359,668; area, 187.32 square miles; taxable wealth, $280,033,185.00; Congress, Fifth; Senate, Thirty-fifth. While the farming area in the county is small, large amounts of truck, milk, cream, butter, poultry, eggs and fruits are produced and marketed daily in Atlanta. Atlanta is the capitol of the State and one of the largest cities of the South, six boroughs having been incorporated in the city by act of legislature in 1929. It is the leading commercial and industrial center in the Southeast, its products being valued at more than $135,000,000 annually. Approximately 622 plants manufacture more than 1,500 different articles. It is a railroad and highway center with unexcelled transportation facilities, as well as one of the leading centers of aviation in the country. It has abundant, cheap electric power for industries. Natural gas was piped into the city for use early in 1930. Atlanta is the location of over fifteen hundred branches of nationally known concerns doing business in the Southeast, as the large number of office buildings attest. It is a leading educational center, 34 colleges, universities and other institutions of learning being located in or near Atlanta. Altitude 1,050 feet. The Southeastern Fair is held in Atlanta in October of every year; 1,313 farms in county.
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Georgia's Three Soil Divisions
152

CROP

TABLE.NO. 1. SUMMARY--CROP STATISTICS--1926-1927-1928-1929.
(U. S. Department of Agriculture.)

Year Acreage

Acre Yield

Production

Farm Price December Total Value
1.

Acre Value

1929 $ 3,782,000 170

1,345,000

.158 $106,255,000 $ 28.10

Cotton (1)

1928 3,728,000 132

1,030,000

.182 93,730,000 25.14

(bales)

1927 3.413,000 154

1,100,000

.194 106,700,000 31.26

1926 3,965,000 180

1,496,000

.111 83,028,000 20.94

1929

.158

597,000 28.00 16,716,000

4.42

Cotton Seed

1928

.12c

457,000 37.00 16,909,000

4.54

(tons)

1927

.14i

488,400 38.50 18,803,000

5.51

1926

.168

664,200 21.00 13,948,000

3.52

Corn (bus.)

1929 1928

3,656,000 13.8 3,620,000 10.5

50,453,000 38,010,000

.88 44,399,000 12.14 1.05 39,910,000 11.02

1927 3,893,000 14.0 54,502,000

.81 44,147,000 11.34

1926 3,817,000 14.5 55,346,000

.76 42,063,000 11.02

1929

85,000 10.0

850,000

1.55

1,318,000 15.51

Wheat (bus.)

1928

94,000 11.0

1,034,000

1.67

1,727,000 18.37

Harvested

1927

125,000 9.2

1,150,000

1.55

1,782,000 14.26

1926

104,000 15.0

1,560,000

1.50

2,340,000 22.50

1929

424,000 22.5

9,540,000

.80

7,632,000 18.00

Oats (bus.)

^ 1928

265,000 20.0

5,300,000

.85

4,505,000 17.00

Harvested

1927

442,000 21.0

9,282,000

.75

6,962,000 15.75

1926

475,000 23.0 10,925,000

.69

7,538,000 15.87

1929

18,000 9.5

171,000

1.89

323,000 17.94

Eye (bus.)

\ 1928

22,000 10.0

220,000

1.75

385,000 17.50

Harvested

1927

26,000 10.0

260,000

1.65

429,000 16.50

1926

22,000 12.0

264,000

1.60

422,000 19.18

1 1929

20,000 79.0

1,572,000

1.40

2,201,000 110.05

Potatoes (bus.) ; 1928

22,000 76.0

1,682,000

1.15

1,934,000 87.91

Irish

1927

17,000 77.0

1,304,000

1.65

2,152,000 126.59

1926

19,000 63.0

1,197,000

1.90

2,274,000 119.68

1 1929

124,000 95.0 11,780,000

.80

9,424,000 76.00

Potatoes (bus.) \ 1928

119,000 86.0 10,234,000

.85

8,699,000 73.10

Sweet..

-. 1927

132,000 80.0 10,560,000

.75

7,920,000 60.00

1

1926

110,000 86.0

9,460,000

.80

7,568,000 68.80

1

Tobacco (2)
(lbs.)

1 1929 1928
1 1927

110,000 817.0 122,300 690.0 81,500 725.0

89,870,000 84,387,000 59,088,000

.187 16,806,000 152.78
.132 11,139,000 91.08 .194 11,463,000 140.65

1926

51,900 770.0 39,963,000

.240 9,591,000 184 .80

j 1929

691,000

.61

423,000 16.30

6,895,000

9.98

Hay. Tame (3)

1928

792,000 .62

490,000 15.60

7,644,000

9.65

Incl. Peanut

1927

803,000 .70

565,000 16.30

9,210,000 11.47

Hay

1926

522,000

.77

400,000 18.00

7,200,000 13.79

1 1929

19,000

.75

14,000 13.10

183,000

9.63

Hay. Wild (tons). 1928

19,000 .80

15,000 12.20

183,000

9.63

1 1927
( 1926 1929

22,000

.78

18,000

.80

26,000 75

17,000 14,000 1,950,000

13.00 13.50
.90

221,000 189,000
1,755,000

10.05 10.60
67 .(.0

Syrup (gals.)

-, 1928

24,000 80

1,920,000

.90

1,728,000 72.00

Sorghum

1927

25,000 82

2,050,000

.75

1,538,000 61.52

( 1926 1929

25,000 90 33,000 160

2,070,000 5,280,000

.70

1,449,000 63.00

.75

3,960,000 120.00

Syrup (4) (gals.) ' 1928

29,000 140

4,060,000

.75

3,045,000 105.00

Sugar Cane

1927

34,000 150

5,100,000

.75

3,825,000 112.50

1926

35,000 175

6,125,000

.75

4,594,000 131.26

1929

69,240 340

23,542 150.00

3,531,000 51.00

Watermelons

1928

62,950 300

18,885 141.00

2,663,000 42.30

Com. (cars) .

1927

55,220 325

17,946 161.00

2,889,000 52.32

1926

53,600 391

20,958 121.00

2,536,000 47.31

1929

607,000 650

394,550,000

.034 13,415,000 22.10

Peanuts (5) (lbs.) \ 1928

630,000 540

340,200,000

.044 14,969,000 23.76

All Purposes..- 1 1927

1926

1929

343,666 650

222,950,000

Peanuts (5) (lbs.) { 1928

350,000 540

189,000,000

Harvested

1927

304,000 725

220,400,000

.039 8,596,000 28.28

lor Nuts

f- 1926 1929

211,000 525

110,775,000

121,000 8.0xx

968,000

.049 2.30

5,428,000 2,226,000

25.72 18.40

Cowpeas (5)

i 1928

172,000 9.5xx 1,634,000 1.65

2,696,000 15.67

(bus.)

1927

195,000 5.0

975,000 1.45

1,414,000

7.25

Except Hay

( 1926

166,000 5.0

830,000

1.80

1,494,000

9.00

153

ucts, cotton, corn, grain, potatoes, hay, apples, peaches and pecans, textiles are manufactured. Average altitude 838 feet. Soil, gray, gravelly, which is being improved by legume plants; 2,278 farms in county.
HEARD: 9,101; Franklin, 311; area, 285 square miles; taxable wealth, $1,327,855,00; Congress, Fourth; Senate, Thirty-seventh; Coweta circuit. Products, cotton, corn, hay and grains, peaches, poultry and eggs, beans and vetch grown. Mines graphite and other minerals. Average altitude 696 feet; Soil, red and gray; 1,747 farms in county.
HENRY: 15,933; McDonough, 1,068; area, 324 square miles; taxable property, $3,771,270.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Thirty-fifth; Flint circuit. Products, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, potatoes, hay, watermelons, peaches, apples, pecans, hogs, poultry and eggs, beans and vetch, textiles, fertilizer, textile products. Average altitude 866 feet. Soil, clay, sandy loam, clay sub-soil; 2,559 farms in county.
HOUSTON: 11,279; Perry, 1,396; area 450* square miles; taxable property, $3,374,980.00; Congress, Twelfth; Senate, Twenty-third; Macon circuit. Products, cotton, corn, peas, oats, wheat, potatoes, hay, peanuts, melons, pecans, 636,000 peach trees in county, hogs, poultry and eggs, soy beans and vetch, textiles, and foundry products. The Clinchfield cement plant is located in this county manufacturing 700,000 barrels of cement annually. Average altitude 300 feet. Soil, red and gray; 1,241 farms in county. (*Estimated.)
IRWIN: 12,199; Ocilla, 2,033; area, 378 square miles; taxable property, $2,658,595.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Forty-fifth; Tifton circuit. Products, tobacco, corn, cotton, grain, peanuts, potatoes, hay, peaches, pecans, trucking and turpentine, hogs, poultry and eggs, soy and velvet beans, lumbering. Average altitude 686 feet. Soil, gray, pebble, clay sub-soil; 1,606 farms in county.
JACKSON: 21,609; Jefferson, 1,869; area, 355 square miles; taxable property, $4,776,121.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Thirty-third; Piedmont circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, peas, peanuts, potatoes, hay, sorghum, peaches, apples, pecans, pears, livestock, hogs, poultry and eggs, alfalfa, vetch, textiles. Average altitude 1,000 feet; soil, gray, red, pebble, clay sub-soil. Commerce, with population of 2,459, is also located in this county; 3,009 farms in county.
JASPER: 8,686; Monticello, 1,593; area, 321 square miles; taxable property, $1,928,951.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Twenty-eighth; Ocmulgee circuit. Products, cotton, wheat, grain, corn, potatoes, hay, pecans, half million peach trees in county, pepper, dairying, pure bred cows, poultry and eggs, lumber mills, bobbin spool factory, farm implements, fertilizers, flour mills, ice factory. Average altitude 800 feet. Soil, clay and loam. Much alfalfa, vetch and other cover crops are planted to improve soil; 1,147 farms in county.
JEFF DAVIS: 8,117; Hazlehurst, 1,378; area, 400 square miles; taxable property, $1,801,169.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Third; Brunswick circuit. Products, tobacco, having two warehouses at Hazlehurst that handled 2,292,016 pounds in 1929, cotton, grain, corn, livestock, hogs, poultry, eggs, fruits and vegetables for market, potatoes, sugar cane, peanuts, pecans, naval stores, cross-ties, lumber. Average altitude 256 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil; 979 farms in county.
JEFFERSON: 20,727; Louisville, 1,628; area, 646 square miles; taxable property, $4,418,747.00; Congress, Tenth; Senate, Eighteenth; Middle circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, hay, potatoes, peanuts, peas, tobacco, peaches, apples, pecans, melons, fruits and vegetables, livestock, hogs, poultry and eggs, limestone, marl. Louisville was former capital of Georgia. Wadley, with population of 1,423 has several manufacturing plants. Average altitude 236 feet. Soil, red and gray; 2,582 farms in county.
138

JENKINS: 12,899; Millen, 2,522; area, 342 square miles; taxable property, $2,813,775.00; Congress, First; Senate, Seventeenth; Ogeechee circuit. Products, tobacco, cotton, corn, sugar cane, potatoes, grain, apples, peanuts, peaches, fruits and vegetables, pecans, hay, hogs, poultry and eggs, vetch and beans, textiles, fertilizers, ice. Average altitude 158 feet. Soil, red, pebble, clay sub-soil; 1,676 farms in county.
JOHNSON: 12,682; Wrightsville, 1,741; area, 292 square miles; taxable property, $2,541,779.00; Congress, Twelfth; Senate, Sixteenth; Dublin circuit. Products, tobacco, cotton, corn, grain, sugar cane, potatoes, peas, fruits and vegetables, livestock, hogs, poultry, eggs. Altitude 567 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil; 1,742 farms in county.
JONES: 8,992; Gray, 653; area, 377 square miles; taxable property, $1,662,977.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Twenty-first; Ocmulgee circuit. Products, all crops grown in middle Georgia including cotton, corn, grain, hay, potatoes, watermelons, soy beans, one million peach trees in county, also many hogs, poultry and eggs are sold. Average altitude 300 feet. Soil, red, gray. Kaolin is mined; 920 farms in county.
LAMAR: 9,695; Barnesville, 3,188; area, 182 square miles; taxable property $2,716,704.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Twenty-second; Flint circuit. General crops grown in middle Georgia produced on farms, including cotton, corn, grain, potatoes, alfalfa, beans and vetch, many peaches, pecans, livestock, hogs, poultry and eggs being sold. Many manufacturing plants are located at Barnesville, textiles leading. Milner is another town in the county. Sixth District A. & M. School at Barnesville; 919 farms in county.
LANIER: 5,190; Lakeland, 1,007; area, 225 square miles; taxable property, $1,236,879.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Sixth; Alapaha circuit. Products, tobacco and other crops grown generally in south Georgia, peaches and pecans, soy beans, much interest is taken in hog and poultry raising. Much lumber and naval stores produced; 564 farms in county.
LAURENS: 32,689; Dublin, 6,681; area, 806 square miles; taxable property, $9,109,125.00; Congress, Twelfth; Senate Sixteenth; Dublin circuit. Products, tobacco, cotton, corn, grain, hay, potatoes, peaches and vegetables, sugar cane, many hogs and much poultry and eggs sold. Legumes planted extensively. Creamery affords market for local dairy products. Hundreds of carloads of farm products sold annually. Dublin has many manufacturing plants. Average altitude, 452; soil, sandy loam. Many fine yields of cotton and corn are reported by Laurens farmers; 4,167 farms in county.
LEE: 8,328; Leesburg, 691; area, 326 square miles; taxable property, $2,104,376.00; Congress, Third; Senate, Tenth; Southwestern circuit. Products, cotton, corn, peanuts, potatoes, grain, sugar cane, hay, pecans, peaches, fruits, vegetables, hogs, poultry, eggs. Average altitude 279 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil. Naval stores and lumber are important products; 1,169 farms in county.
LIBERTY: 8,604; Hinesville, 416; area, 936 square miles; taxable property, $1,806,343.00; Congress, First; Senate, Second; Atlantic circuit. Products, tobacco, corn, cotton, rice, potatoes, oats, sugar cane, figs, grapes, pecans, hogs, poultry and eggs, soy beans, naval stores and saw mills, using pine and hardwoods. Average altitude 30 feet. Soil, sandy, clay sub-soil; 1,111 farms in county. Liberty County Fair held each fall at Hinesville.
LINCOLN: 7,846; Lincolnton, 915; area, 291 square miles; taxable property, $1,394,714.00; Congress, Tenth; Senate, Twenty-ninth; Toombs circuit. Products, cotton, corn, peaches and other fruits and vegetables grown in this section. Much interest taken in livestock, cattle, hogs and poultry. The cream sales total about $50,000 annually and many hogs, chickens and eggs are sold. Soy beans and vetch planted. Gold and granite are mined. Average altitude 500 feet. Soil, sandy loam clay sub-soil; 1,481 farms in county.
139

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hogs, poultry and eggs and dairying. Average altitude 125 feet. Soil, sandy loam; 1,291 farms in county.
MORGAN: 12,487; Madison, 1,965; area, 390 square miles; taxable property, $3,722,605.00; Congress, Eighth; Senate, Twenty-eighth; Ocmulgee circuit. Products, cotton, corn, hay, grain, peaches, pecans and many fruits and vegetables, livestock growing is gaining in county with much milk, many hogs, poultry and eggs sold. Eighth District A. & M. School located at Madison. County Fair at Madison each fall. Average altitude 677 feet. Soil, red, gray; 1,791 farms in county.
MURRAY: 8,613; Chatsworth, 607; area, 342 square miles; taxable wealth, $1,902,414.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Forty-third; Cherokee circuit. Products, cotton, corn, oats, wheat, hay, apples, peaches, pears, clover, many other fruits and vegetables, cattle, hogs, poultry and eggs. Average altitude 1,400 feet. Soil, sandy loam, clay sub-soil. Talc, pyrites, limestone, road materials, barytes and gold are mined; 1,493 farms in county.
MUSCOGEE: 57,497; Columbus, 43,122; area, 235 square miles; taxable property, $44,309,870.00; Congress, Fourth; Senate, Twentyfourth; Chattahoochee circuit. Crops suitable for west Georgia are grown and many hogs, poultry and eggs are marketed. Columbus is said to be the second largest textile manufacturing city in the South with more than a half million spindles. This city also manufactures brick, iron and wood products. South Georgia Power Company, formerly the Columbus Electric and Power Company, has developed much power on the Chattahoochee river and other streams, its lines serving approximately 200,000 people and an area of 12,000 square miles. Fort Benning, the largest Infantry School in the world, containing approximately 97,000 acres, United States army post, is near Columbus. Chattahoochee Valley Exposition each fall at Columbus; 627 farms in county.
NEWTON: 17,291; Covington, 3,203; area, 262 square miles; taxable property, $5,143,211.00; Congress, Eighth; Senate, Thirty-fourth; Stone Mountain circuit. Products, corn, hay, cotton peanuts, sweet and Irish potatoes, peaches, apples, pecans, hogs, poultry and eggs and cattle with dairying making rapid progress. Has many breeders of Jersey, Hereford and other pure bred cattle and has some of the finest permanent pastures in the State. Many pure bred cattle are sold; also many dairy products, hogs and poultry. Large textile mills are located at Porterdale and Covington. Emory University Academy is located at Oxford; 1,783 farms in county.
OCONEE: 8,082; Watkinsville, 465; area, 172 square miles; taxable property, $1,729,450.00; Congress, Eighth; Senate, Twenty-seventh; Western circuit. All crops favorable to middle east Georgia are grown, including cotton, corn, grain, potatoes, hay and peaches, with dairying, hog and poultry making great progress. Average altitude 800 feet. Soil, red, gray; 1,348 farms in county.
OGLETHORPE: 12,926; Lexington, 456; area, 504 square miles; taxable property, $3,319,491.00; Congress, Eighth; Senate, Fiftieth; Northern circuit. Products, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, peas, hay, peaches, textiles, granite. Hogs and poultry raising increasing. Soy and velvet beans and vetch grown. Average altitude 299 feet. Soil, red clay; 2,115 farms in county.
PAULDING: 12,325; Dallas, 1,410; area, 324 square miles; taxable property, $2,186,062.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Thirty-eighth; Tallapoosa circuit. Products, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, potatoes, sweet and Irish, peaches, apples, pecans, cattle, hogs, poultry, eggs, iron ore, copper, pyrites, textiles and textile products. Average altitude 1,500 feet. Corn and cotton club boys have made yields as high as 44 bales of cotton on 22 acres, 182 bushels of corn on one acre and 111 bushels on another acre; 2,252 farms in county.
142

PEACH: 10,268; Fort Valley, 4,560; area, 150* square miles; taxable property, $3,132,485.00; Congress, Twelfth; Senate, Twenty-third; Macon circuit. Many crops are grown extensively, including cotton, corn, pecans, peanuts, asparagus. In county are 350,000 peach trees and Fort Valley is one of the largest peach shipping points in the State. Livestock growing has made rapid headway in county, many cars of hogs being shipped annually; also many chickens and eggs. Fort Valley is a large manufacturing center, the products including textiles and textile goods, crates, baskets, flour, ice, oil mill, bottling plants, dairies, etc. Farms in county, 786. (*Estimated).
PICKENS: 9,686; Jasper, 563; area, 231 square miles; taxable property, $1,830,147.00; Congress, Ninth; Senate, Forty-first; Blue Ridge circuit. Farm products,' such as corn, some cotton, apples and other fruits and vegetables thrive in county. At Tate is located the Georgia Marble Company, which produces marble and granite used in erecting buildings and memorials all over the United States and other countries. Georgia is only exceeded by Vermont in the annual output of marble, a large percentage of which comes from Pickens. The quarries of Pickens county give employment to several thousand persons. Average altitude 1,500 feet. Pickens County Fair at Jasper each fall; 1,075 farms in county.
PIERCE: 12,522; Blackshear, 1,816; area, 517 square miles; taxable property, $3,921,794.00; Congress, Eleventh; Senate, Forty-sixth; Waycross circuit. Products, tobacco, four warehouses at Blackshear that handle 8,865,950 pounds in 1929; corn, cotton, sweet potatoes, peas, peanuts, 'pecans, hogs, poultry and eggs. Legumes extensively planted. Average altitude 106 feet. Soil, sandy loam; 1,247 farms in county.
PIKE: 10,853; Zebulon, 576; area, 200 square miles (estimated); taxable property, $2,038,060.00; Congress, Sixth; Senate, Twenty-second; Griffin circuit. Products, cotton, corn, grain, pecans, peaches, potatoes, hay, apples, pepper, vegetables, dairying, hogs, poultry and eggs. Legumes are extensively planted. Average altitude 700 feet. Soil, red, gray. Concord has a large grain mill and nursery. Meansville, Molena and Williamson are other towns; 1,561 farms in county.
POLK: 25,153; Cedartown, 8,126; area, 317 square miles; taxable property, $8,205,270.00; Congress, Seventh; Senate, Thirty-eighth; Tallapoosa circuit. Cotton, corn, grain and many other crops flourish in Polk, with much fruit also being grown, one apple orchard containing 40,000 trees. Dairying, poultry-raising are thriving. Cedartown and Rockmart contain many plants which manufacture textile goods, paper, foundry products, marble, lumber, cotton oil. The Clearwater mill of the Goodyear Tire and Rubber manufactures tire fabric at Cedartown. In Cedartown is located branch of U. S. Finishing Co., of New York. The mines of Woodstock Operating Corp. operate two washers, shipping large quantities of high grade iron ore. In Rockmart is one of the largest cement plants in the South; also Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., fabric mills. County fair held in fall each year; 1,925 farms in county.
PULASKI: 9,004; Hawkinsville, 2,483; area, 258 square miles; taxable property, $3,061,390.00; Congress, Twelfth; Senate, Fourteenth; Oconee circuit. Products shipped in one year include milk, $90,000.00; cream, $6,000.00; peaches, $35,000.00; hogs, $45,000.00; cattle, $8,000.00; corn, $5,000.00; poultry and eggs, $6,000.00; melons, $4,000.00; vegetables, pears, potatoes, etc., $8,000.00; hay, straw, grain, etc., $3,000.00; cotton and seed, $945,000.00; pecans, $6,000.00; peanuts, $39,000.00; total $1,191,000.00. (Estimated value.) Thousand acres in vetch. Textiles, creamery products, ice, lumber, etc., are manufactured. Both pine and hard woods found in county. Average altitude 817 feet. Pulaski County Fair at Hawkinsville each fall; 980 farms in county.
143

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Year
1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912. 1913. 1914. 1915. 1916. 1917. 1918. 1919. 1920. 1921. 1922. 1923. 1924. 1925. 1926. 1927. 1928. 1929.

TABLE 6 CORN--PRODUCTION STATISTICS, 1870--1929
GEORGIA

Acerage Acres

Yield

Price Farm Value

Per Acre Production Per Bu. Dec. 1

Bus.

Bus.

Cts.

Dollars

2,296,296 1,956,310 1,902,160 1,952,358 2,206,667 2,010,000 2,147,272 2,133,333 2,218,000 2,218,000 2,384,700 2,338,700 2,747,005 2,829,415 2,857,700 2,857,700 2,886,277 2,915,140 2,923,885 3,011,602 2,981,486 3,100,745 2,945,708 3,034,079 3,003,738 3,244,037 2,984,514 2,924,824 2,954,072 3,249,479 3,411,953 3,785,758 3,889,331 3,938,324 3,977,707 4,295,924 4,338,883 4,426,000 4,300,000 3,383,000 3,585,000 3,692,000 3,910,000 4,066,000 4,000,000 4,330,000 4,000,000 4,500,000 4,590,000 4,376,000 4,393,000 4,665,000 4,385,000 4,034,000 3,975,000 3,895,000 3,817,000 3,893,000 3,620,000 3,656,000

13.5 31,000,000 81 10.3 20,150,000 84 12.5 23,777,000 76 12.3 24,014,000 76 11.1 24,494,000 83
10.0 20,100,000 75 11.0 23,620,000 55 10.5 22,400,000 66 11.0 24,398,000 61 9.3 20,627,400 70 9.2 21,939,240 69 8.3 19,745,000 97 13.3 36,617,500 65 8.7 24,615,900 67 10.8 30,925,000 70 11.3 32,162,000 58 10.8 31,197,000 60 11.0 32,067,000 63 9.6 28,069,000 60 11.2 33,730,000 55 10.5 31,306,000 69 12.2 37,829,000 69 11.2 32,992,000 56 11.1 33,678,277 56 11.7 35,143,735 58 13.0 42,172,481 41
11.0 32,829,654 43 11.0 32,173,064 48
9.0 26,586,648 48 10.0 32,494,790 50 10.0 34,119,530 57 10.0 37,857,580 82
9.0 35,093,979 73 11.7 46,078,391 69 11.9 47,334,713 71 11.0 47,255,164 70 12.0 52,066,596 67 13.0 57,538,000 76 12.5 53,750,000 82 11.6 39,375,000 86 14.5 51,982,000 78 16.0 59,072,000 83 13.8 53,958,000 85 15.5 63,023,000 91 14.0 56,000,000 85 15.0 64,950,000 78 15.5 62,000,000 100 16.0 72,000,000 160 15.0 68,850,000 165 14.5 68,452,000 160 15.0 65,895,000 105 15.0 69,975,000 53 12.0 52,620,000 86 12.2 49,215,000 107 11.5 45,712,000 112 10.7 41,676,000 100 14.5 55,346,000 76 14.0 54,502,000 81 10.5 38,010,000 105 13.8 50,453,000
166

25,044,883 16,852,068 18,111,798 18,132,118 20,319,639 15,070,619 12,989,918 14,817,121 14,853,074 14,439,180 15,138,076 19,152,650 23,801,375 16,492,653 21,647,500 18,653,960 18,718,200 20,202,210 16,841,400 18,551,468 21,600,866 26,102,071 18,475,481 18,859,835 20,383,366 17,290,717 14,116,751 15,443,071 12,761,591 16,247,395 19,448,132 31,043,216 25,618,605 31,794,090 33,607,646 33,078,615 34,884,619 43,729,000 44,075,000 33,862,000 40,546,000 49,030,000 45,864,000 57,351,000 47,600,000 50,661,000 62,000,000 115,200,000 113,602,000 101,523,000 69,190,000 37,087,000 45,253,000 52,660,000 51,197,000 41,676,000 42,063,000 44,147,000 39,910,000 44,399,000

Year
1870_ 1871.1872._ 1873.1874_. 1875.. 1876.. 1877_. 1878_. 1879_. 1880_. 1881-. 1882.. 1883. 1884. 1885. 1886. 1887. 1888.
1889. 1890. 1891. 1892. 1893. 1894. 1895. 1896._
1897.. 1898._ 1899.. 1900.. 1901.. 1902_ _ 1903.. 1904.. 1905.. 1906.1907_1908.. 1909.. 1910.. 1911.. 1912.. 1913.. 1914.. 1915.. 1916. 1917. 191819191920.
1921. 1922. 1923. 1924. 1925. 1926 _ 1927. 1928. 1929.

TABLE 7 WHEAT-PRODUCTION STATISTICS, 1870--1929.
GEORGIA

Acreage Acres

Yield

Per Acre Production

Bus.

Bus.

Farm Price Cts.

Farm Value
Dec. 1 Dollars

298,375 343,600 345,444 310,857 357,671 406,666 473,333 400,000 394,000 401,900 484,980 477,200 510,000 504,900 487,500 453,375 385,954 382,094 374,452 378,197
344,159 309,743 216,820 240,670 235,857 214,630
212,484 173,824 260,736 297,239 550,674 370,996 284,531 299,958 291,370 305,298 316,107 297,000 240,000
93,000 141,000 145,000 132,000 140,000 140,000 325,000 334,000 244,000 280,000 141,000 124,000 138,000 190,000 189,000
76,000 99,000 104,000 125,000 94,000 85,000

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6.2 4.4
6.6 5.1 6.3 4.1 7.5 6.8 7.2
6.9 6.2 8.0 9.4 10.0 6.8
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8.8 6.9 10.0 9.0 9.2
8.1 10.5 12.0
9.3 12.2
12.1 11.0 11.4
8.5 10.2 10.5 10.0 10.5
8.0 9.2
9.5 10.5 15.0 9.2
11.0 10.0

2,378,000 1,718,000
3,109,000 2,176,000
2,611,000 3,050,000 2,840,000 3,800,000
2,758,000
3,617,100 3,055,374
2,933,000
3,812,900 2,574,900 3,130,000 2,817,000
1,690,000 2,522,000 1,910,000 2,383,000 1,411,000 2,323,000 1,474,000 1,732,824
1,627,413 1,330,706 1,699,872 1,633,946 2,607,360 2,021,225 5,001,133 3,042,167 1,707,186 1,859,740 2,564,056 2,106,556 3,161,070 2,670,000 2,208,000
753,000 1,480,000 1,740,000 1,228,000 1,708,000 1,694,000 3,575,000 3,808,000
2,074,000 2,856,000 1,480,000 1,240,000 1,449,000 1,520,000 1,739,000
722,000 1,040,000 1,560,000 1,150,000
1,034,000 850,000

167

132 149 153 161 138 131 123 132 118 126 136 163 108 120 105 109 105
95 110 98 110 110
90 90 76 82 89 103
95 94 98 96 126 107 102 115 121 145 130 114 122 120 134 129 186 290 266 263 240 175 150 147 169 182 150 155 167 155

3,149,811 2,564,640 4,764,012 3,506,446
3,602,191 3,988,666 3,488,176 5,027,237 3,247,944 4,557,546 4,155,309
4,780,790 4,117,932
3,089,880
3,286,500 3,070,530 1,774,500 2,395,900 2,101,000 2,334,988 1,552,157 2,555,379 1,326,938 1,559,542 1,236,834
1,091,179 1,512,886 1,682,964 2,555,213
1,980,800 4,760,576 2,859,637 1,673,042
1,785,350 3,230,711 2,254,015 3,224,291 3,074,000 2,672,000 1,092,000 1,924,000 1,984,000 1,498,000 2,050,000 2,270,000 4,612,000 7,083,000 6,015,000 7,597,000 3,892,000 2,976,000 2,536,000 2,280,000 2,556,000
1,220,000 1,893,000 2,340,000 1,782,000 1,727,000 1,318,000

Year
1870 _ 1871, 1872. 1873 _ 1874. 1875. 1876, 1877. 1878 _ 1879. 1880. 1881. 1882. 1883. 1884. 1885. 1886. 1887.
1889. 1890. 1891. 1892. 1893. 1894. 1895. 1896. 1897.
1899. 1900. 1901. 1902. 1903. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907. 1908. 1909. 1910. 1911. 1912. 1913. 1914. 1915. 1916. 1917. 1918. 1919.. 1920. 1921_. 1922-. 1923.. 1924.. 1925.. 1926.. 1927.. 1928.. 1929..

TABLE 8 OATS PRODUCTION, 1870 -1929.
GEORGIA

Acerage Acres

Yield
Acre Bus.

Price Farm Value

Production Per Bu.

Dec. 1

Bus.

Cts.

Dollars

86,301 141,308 145,120 358,209 447,059 372,727 491,379 407,692 428,400 449,800 618,470 612,300 765,375 780,682 702,614 709,640 589,001 612,561 618,687 624,874 562,387 618,626 569,136 597,593 561,737 460,624 423,774 394,110 433,521 476,873 467,336 296,644 264,013 256,093 235,606 233,250 216,922 300,000 300,000 412,000 404,000 404,000 364,000 420,000 450,000 905,000 860,000 550,000 550,000 310,000 344,000 412,000 474,000 521,000 275,000 413,000 475,000 442,000 265,000 424,000

14.6 10.7 12.5 13.4 10.2 11.0 11.6 13.0 16.7 15.0 10.0 9.1
9.5 9.0 8.9 9.0 9.0 11.5 11.5 11.0 9.7 11.7 10.7 13.3 13.4 14.5 12.0 14.0 16.6 9.0 15.0 14.8 11.1 13.6
14.8 15.1 15.5 16.7 17.2 15.1 18.2
21.5 20.8 22.0 20.0 19.5 19.5 16.0 20.0 20.0 21.0 21.0 18.0 18.0 15.5 17.0 23.0 21.0 20.0 22.5
168

1,260,000 1,512,000 1,814,000 4,800,000 4,560,000 4,100,000 5,700,000 5,300,000 7,154,280 6,747,000 6,184,700 5,566,000 7,235,800 7,018,700 6,270,000 6,395,000 5,301,000 7,044,000 7,115,000 6,874,000 5,455,000 7,238,000 6,090,000 7,947,987 7,527,276 6,679,048 5,085,288 5,517,540 7,196,449 4,291,857 7,010,040 4,390,331 2,930,544 3,482,865 3,486,969 3,522,075 2,362,291 5,010,000 6,160,000 6,199,000 7,353,000 8,686,000 7,571,000 9,240,000 9,000,000 17,648,000 16,770,000 8,800,000 11,000,000 6,200,000 7,224,000 8,652,000 8,532,000 9,378,000 4,262,000 7,021,000 10,925,000 9,282,000 5,300,000 9,540,000

75 72 74 69 79 78 62 63 55 57 75 87 55 56 57 53 60 58 53 50 60 60 52 52 51 46 41 42
48 48 49 67 53 55 55 53 56 72 72 71 64
70 65 68 70 66 79 117 119
115 108 64 75 85 95 87 69 75
85 80

938,779 1,087,770 1,333,587 3,314,917 3,618,395 3,181,343 3,552,704
3,351,167 3,927,000 3,845,790 4,638,525 4,842,420 3,979,690 3,930,472
3,573,900 3,389,350 3,180,600 4,085,520 3,770,950 3,436,807 3,273,092 4,342,754 3,166,673 4,132,953 3,838,911 3,072,362
2,084,968 2,317,367 3,454,296 2,060,091 3,434,920 2,941,522 1,553,188 1,915,576 1,917,833
1,866,700 1,882,883 3,607,000 3,715,000 4,401,000 4,706,000 6,080,000 4,921,000 6,283,000 6,300,000 11,648,000 13,248,000 10,296,000 13,090,000 7,130,000 7,802,000 5,537,000 6,399,000 7,971,000 4,049,000 6,108,000 7,538,000 6,962,000 4,505,000
7,632,000

TABLE 9

TOBACCO-GEORGIA-ALL TYPES-1866-1929.

Tobacco grown commercially In the State of Georgia may be classified into thr

types: First, "shade tobacco." or wrapper tobacco. U SltoeSteKSS

S tobahccoS. U1. fS TIy,paet?Nuomf berra45y, agnrodwDneicnatthuer csaomunettieersr;istoecryon dth. iSrdunaSiudmmaotrsat imorn"mfi+lWn t"

is the "bright leaf," flue cured tobacco. U. S. Type Number 14 now Sown^n?mfih

out most of southern Georgia. The acreage of bright tobaccoThis tacrSSSm"

dously during recent years and it is one of the principal cash croSslSwn to thef State"

This type now constitutes about 99% of our total tobacco acreage

'

mmaatt-eTs??foar nafll^typeresDaoprpt eoafr bmriogthhtetropbaarctcsoofwtahrieshboouoseklseatles, and county" a<"c-rreeaagsee eessttii--

Year

Acreage Acres

Price

Yield Per Production Per Lb.

Acre lb. Pounds

Cts.

Value Dollars

1866. 1867_ 1868. 1869 _ 1871_ 1872 _ 1873. 1874. 1875. 1881. 1882_ 1899 _ 1900. 1901. 1902_ 1903. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907. 1908 _ 1909.
1910. 1911. 1912. 1913. 1914. 1915. 1916. 1917. 1918. 1919. 1920. 1921. 1922. 1923. 1924. 1925. 1926. 1927. 1928. 1929..

1,912 2,504 2,071 2,666
857 700 457 502 2,454 1,004 1,034 2,304 2,066 1,990 2,050 2,030 1,868 2,036 3,000 3,700 2,775 2,000 1,600 1,200 1,400 1,800 1,900 1,700 1,300 1,600 4,500 27,000 22,000 14,000 11,000 17,000 40,000 67,000 51,900 81,500 122,300 110,000

625 515 585 375 350 500 750 580 550 242 254 480 495 494 670 640 650 525 675 860 975 734 680 900 830 1,000 1,000 680 1,180 1,000 800 530 600 564 540 661 777 720 770 725 690 817

1,195,113
1,290,000 1,212,000 1,000,000
300,000
350,000 343,000
291,000 1,350,000
242,758 262,179 1,105,600 1,023,336 982,691
1,373,500 1,299,200
1,214,200 1,068,900 2,025,000 3,182,000 2,705,625 1,486,000
1,088,000 1,080,000 1,162,000
1,800,000 1,900,000 1,496,000
1,534,000 1,600,000 3,600,000 14,310,000 13,200,000 7,896,000 5,940,000
11,237,000 31,080,000 48,240,000 39,963,000 59,088,000 84,387,000 89,870,000

22.3 21.5 22.3 15.4 19.2 15.8 19.1
11.7 20.7 14.0 14.0 11.9 15.0 18.0 9.0 15.0 20.6 17.0 30.0 40.0 35.0 34.0 20.0 28.0 30.0 31.0 25.0 23.0 27.0 57.0 46.0 21.5 37.0 25.0 26.0 30.0 26.6 15.0 24.0 19.4 13.2 18.7

265,950 277,221
270,536 153,724 57,734 55,182
65,378 34,112
278,945 33,986
36,705 131,566 148,431
176,972
260,965 194,880 250,125 181,713 607,500 1, 273,000 946,969
505,000 218,000 302,000 349,000 558,000 475,000
344,000 414,000 912,000 1. 656,000 3,077,000 4,884,000 1,974,000
1,544,000 3,371,000 8,267,000 7,236,000 9,591,000
11,463,000 11,139,000 16,806,000

169

Year

TABLE 10 IRISH POTATOES--GEORGIA--1870--1929.

Acerage Acres

Yield

Price

Per Acre Production Per Bu.

Bus.

Bus.

Cts.

Farm Value Dec. 1 Dollars

1870

1871

1872

1873

1874

1875

1876

1877

1878 -- ---

1879

1880

1881

1882 ..

1883

1884

1885

1886

1887

1888

1889

1890

-

1891

1892

1893

1894

1895

1896 --

1897

1898

1899 -. _ -

1900

1901

1902

1903

1904

1905

1906

1907

1908

1909

1910

1911

1912

1913

1914

1915

1916

1917

1918

1919

1920

1921

1922

1923

1924

1925

1926

1927

1928

1929

4,487 2,364 2,195 2,590 2,271 5,000
5,150 5,000 4,800 8,407 8,827 9,268 9,175 9,175 9,083 9,355 10,291 6,163 6,225 6,474 6,539 6,539 6,539 6,277 5,524 5,137 5,651 5,594 5,762 9,078 8,715 8,628 8,542 8,627 8,627 10,000 10,000 12,000 12,000 12,000 12,000 12,000 13,000 16,000 15,000 19,000 23,000 17,000 22,000 23,000 25,000 22,000 20,000 17,000 19,000 17,000 22,000 20,000

78

350,000

120

421,005

96

227,000

128

289,874

92

202,000

112

227,228

78

202,000

106

213,904

70

159,000

98

156,276

68

340,000

105

355,711

67

345,000

92

316,812

64

320,000

111

355,200

92

441,600

110

485,760

35

294,245

60

176,547

45

397,231

65

258,200

61

565,348

86

486,199

67

615,000

104

539,600

63

578,000

94

543,344

65

590,000

95

560,500

52

486,000

90

437,400

62

638,000

90

574,238

73

449,899

65

292,434

72

448,200

95

425,790

74

479,076

80

383,261

70

457,730

80

366,184

74

483,886

92

445,175

52

340,028

81

275,423

58

364,066

71

258,487

55

303,820

75

227,865

52

267,124

100

267,124

54

305,154

75

228,866

46

257,324

83

213,579

68

391,816

72

301,698

64

580,992

106

615,852

58

505,470

90

454,923

73

629,844

94

592,053

70

597,940

107

639,796

65

560,755

112

628,046

77

664,279

110

730,707

83

830,000

100

830,000

78

780,000

110

858,000

75

886,000

100

886,000

82

984,000

105 1,003,000

72

864,000

110

950,000

78

936,000

87

814,000

81

972,000

105 1,021,000

60

780,000

105

819,000

65

1,040,000

99 1,030,000

60

900,000

175 1,575,000

84

1,596,000

195 3,112,000

70

1,610,000

185 2,978,000

70

1,190,000

217 2,582,000

74

1,628,000

208 3,386,000

75

1,725,000

165 2,846,000

68

1,700,000

140 2,380,000

70

1,540,000

160 2,464,000

72

1,440,000

150 2,160,000

49

833,000

210 1,749,000

63

1,197,000

190 2,274,000

77

1,304,000

165 2,152,000

76

1,682,000

115 1,934,000

79 | 1,572,000

140 | 2,201,000

170

Year
1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1878 1879 1880 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929

TABLE 11 GEORGIA--SWEET POTATOES--1870--1929.

Acreage Acres

Price

Yield Per Production Per Bu.

Acre

Bushels

Cts.

Value Dollars

71,000 71,000 72,000 73,000 74,000 74,000 77,000 78,000 79,000
82,000 85,000
85,000 81,000 81,000 83,000 79,000 95,000
94,000 125,000
130,000 125,000 132,000 146,000 152,000 137,000 100,000 110,000 110,000 132,000 119,000 124,000

108

59

99

62

88

64

90

57

89

53

64

59

100

76

"48~

102

45

90

65

69

53

71

52

98

44

76

48

72

52

90

44

84

47

82

43

86

45

89

81

87

41

78

41

59 *

43

60

45

105

72

5,088,000 49

85

6,035,000 46

86

6,192,000 48

81

5,913,000 53

89

6,586,000 51

67

4,958,000 70

80

6,160,000 55

83

6,474,000 65

95

7,505,000 65

86

7,052,000 58

88

7,426,000 62

83

7,055,000 65

81

6,561,000 73

90

7,290,000 66

87

7,221,000 68

85

6,715,000 69

85

8,075,000 61

80

7,520,000 81

93

11,625,000 105

92

11,960,000 125

92

15,500,000 110

93

12,276,000 97

85

12,410,000 63

83

12,616,000 61

84

11,508,000 76

70

7,000,000 100

47

5,170,000 125

86

9,460,000 80

80

10,560,000 75

86

10,234,000 85

95

11,780,000 80

171

2,493,000 2,776,000
2,972,000 3,134,000 3,359,000 3,471,000 3,388,000 4,208,000 4,878,000 4,090,000 4,604,000 4,586,000 4,790,000 4,811,000 4,910,000 4,633,000 4,926,000 6,091,000 12,206,000 14,950,000 12,650,000 11,908,000 7,818,000
7,696,000 8,746,000 7,000,000 6,462,000 7,568,000 7,920,000 8,699,000 9,424,000

Year

TABLE 12 GEORGIA--TAME HAY--1870--1929.

Acreage Acres

Yield

Price

Per Acre Production Per Ton

Tons

Tons

Dollars)

Farm Value
Dec. 1 Dollars

1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880
1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 . 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917
1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927.__ 1928 1929

41,044 12,000 11,972 18,571 15,909 15,714 18,153 17,440 23,000 22,436 18,431 12,103 15,129 15,583 15,128 16,642 33,000 39,600 39,996 63,834 168,985 162,226 163,848 162,210 150,855 147,838 137,489 123,740 113,841 109,287 112,566 96,791 88,080 88,961 89,851 88,054 88,054 95,000 87,000 213,000 213,000 213,000 234,000 250,000 250,000 300,000 400,000 594,000 683,000 557,000 660,000 693,000 728,000 772,000 763,000 506,000 522,000 803,000 792,000 691,000

1.34 1.50 1.47 1.05 1.10 1.40 1.30 1.25 1.73 1.56 1.88 1.25 1.20 1.20 1.30 1.00 1.06 1.20 1.20 1.09 1.35 1.17 1 35 1.32 1.16 1.60
1.38 1.35 1.75 1.45 1.69 1.46 1.36 1.53 1.52 1.50 1.65 1.75 1.75 1.01 1.40
1.35 1.35 1.40 1.35 1.15 1.15 1.03
.90 1.10
.81 .88 .84 .66 .51 .33 .77 .70 .62 .61

55,000 18,000 17,600 19,500 17,500 22,000 23,600 21,800 37,790 35,000 34,650 15,129 18,155 18,700 19,668 16,642 34,980 47,520 47,995 69,769 228,130 189,804 221,195 214,117 174,992 236,541 189,735 167,049 190,222 158,466 190,237 141,315 119,789 136,110 136,574
132,081 145,289 166,000 152,000 215,000 298,000 288,000 316,000 350,000 338,000 345,000 460,000 612,000 615,000 613,000 535,000 610,000 612,000 510,000 392,000 109,000
400,000 565,000 490,000
423,000

20.94 1,151,840

20.74 373,273

22.42 394,558

18.88

368,094

20.14 352,367

15.41

339,111

13.50 318,632

15.56

339,300

13.08

520,606

14.59

510,650

16.00 554,400

17.24 260,824

10.50

190,627

13.50 252,450

13.30

261,584

13.84 230,325

13.00

454,740

14.92 708,998

13.46

646,013

13.52 943,277

14.25 3,250,852

13.50 2,562,354

11.80 2,610,101

12.06 2,582,251

12.38 2,166,401

10.90 2,578,297

11.05 2,096,572

13.00 2,171,637

11.75 2,340,858

13.15 2,083,828

12.75 2,425,522

14.33 2,025,044

13.40 1,605,173

15.15 2,062,066

15.14 2,067,730

15.75 2,080,276

15.75 2,288,302

18.00 2,988,000

14.35 2,181,000

15.80 3,397,000

16.40 4,887,000

17.00 4,896,000

17.00 5,372,000

17.90 6,265,000

16.20 5,476,000

15.10 5,210,000

16.20 7,452,000

20.00 12,240,000

23.50 14,452,000

25.30 15,509,000

23.50 12,572,000

15.80 9,638,000

17.00 10,404,000

18.90 9,639,000

19.00 7,448,000

21.00 3,549,000

18.00 7,200,000

16.30 9,210,000

15.60 7,644.000

16.30 6,895,000

-Reasons for decline In yield, greater use of peanut hay, a surplus crop, but a light yield.
-320,000 acres in 1929 and 332.000 in 1928. included under all peanuts and deducted from total crop. 172

Year
1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929

TABLE 13 GEORGIA -WILD HAY--1922--1929.

Acreage Acres

Yield

Per Acre Production Price

Tons

Tons Per Ton

Farm Value Dec. 1.

16,000 16,000 20,000 12,000 18,000 22,000 19,000 19,000

92

15,000

13.50 202,000

90

14,000

14.80 207,000

60

12,000

15.00 180,000

51

6,000

16.50

99,000

80

14,000

13.50 189,000

78

17,000

13.00 221,000

80

15,000

12.20 183,000

75

14,000

13.10 183,000

TABLE 14 PEANUTS FOR HARVEST--GEORGIA- -1916--1929.

Year

Acreage Acres

Price Farm Value

Yield Per Production Bu.&lbs.

Dec.

Acre Bu. & Lb. Cts.

Dollars

1916

40,000

31.0

1,240,000 126 1,562,000

1917

255,000

37.0

9,435,000 160 15,096,000

1918

314,000

28.0

8,792,000 160 14,067,000

1919

202,000

25.0

5,050,000 246 12,423,000

1920

224,000 718

160,832,000 5.0 8,042,000

1921

202,000 660

133,320,000 2.5 3,333,000

1922

160,000 602

96,320,000 4.7 4,527,000

1923

152,000 512

77,824,000 6.9 5,370,000

1924

399,000 600

239,400,000 4.2 10,055,000

1925

278,000 500

139,000,000 3.4 4,726,000

1926

211,000 525

110,775,000 4.9 5,428,000

1927

304,000 725

220,400,000 3.9 8,596.000

1928

350,000 540

189,000,000

X

1929

343,000 650

222,950,000

X

NOTE: After the year 1919. the official estimates were made in pounds. This applies to Yield per Acre. Total Production and Price.
xValue included in "Peanuts for all Purposes."

TABLE 15 PEANUTS FOR ALL PURPOSES--1928- -1929.

Year

Acreage Acres

Yield Per Production Price

Acre

Pounds

Lbs.

Farm Value Dec. 1

1928

630,000

540 340,200,000 4.4 14,969,000

1929

607,000

650 394,550,000 3.4 13,415,000

NOTE: Including acres planted in corn reduced to equivalent solid acres as well as acres grown alone. Also includes peanuts grazed or otherwise utilized as well as those gathered.

173

Year

TABLE 16 SORGHUM FOR SYRUP--GEORGIA--1909--1929.

Acreage Acres

Yield Per

Price Farm Value

Acre Production Per Gal. Dec. 1

Gals.

Gals.

Cents

Dollars

1909

7,800

95

740,000

74

348,000

1910

7,900

94

743,000

48

357,000

1911

7,900

90

711,000

50

356,000

1912

7,900

95

750,000

49

368,000

1913

7,600

106

806,000

50

403,000

1914

7,200

108

778,000

49

381,000

1915

8,000

85

680,000

1916

7,600

105

798,000

1917

12,000

96

1,152,000

73

841,000

1918

15,000

91

1,365,000

89

1,215,000

1919

37,000

92

3,404,000 102 3,472,000

1920

35,000

94

3,290,000 104 3,422,000

1921

37,000

94

3,478,000

40

1,391,000

1922

30,000

83

2,490,000

55

1,370,000

1923

26,000

83

2,158,000

69

1,489,000

1924

25,000

71

1,775,000

84 1,491,000

1925

19,000

45

855,000

95

812,000

1926

23,000

90

2,070,000

70

1,449,000

1927

25,000

82

2,050,000

75

1,538,000

1928

24,000

80

1,920,000

90 1,728,000

1929

26,000

75

1,950,000

90

1,755,000

TABLE 17 SUGAR CANE FOR SYRUP--GEORGIA 1922--1929.

Year

Acreage Acres

Yield Per Acre (Gallons)

Farm Production Price Farm Value (Gallons) Dec. 1 (Dollars)
(Dollars)

1922

40,000

176

7,040,000

.50 3,520,000

1923

37,800

135

5,103,000

.69 3,521,000

1924

30,000

125

3,750,000

.95 3,562,000

1925

32,000

110

3,520,000 1.00 3,520,000

1926

35,000

175

6,125,000

.75 4,594,000

1927

34,000

150

5,100,000

.75 3,825,000

1928

29,000

140

4,060,000

.75 3,045,000

1929

33,000

160

5,280,000

.75 3,960,000

TABLE 18 COMMERCIAL WATERMELONS--GEORGIA- -1920--1929.

Year

Acreage Acres

Price

Yield Per Production Per Car Farm Value

Acre

(Cars) (Dollars) (Dollars)

1920..J 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929

41,890 39,700 66,550 40,390 45,890 45,890 53,600 55,220 62,950 69,240

373 499 310 178 365 346 391 325 300 340
174

15,625 19,810 20,630 7,189 16,750 15,878 20,958 17,946 18,885 23,542

141 2,203,000 221 4,378,000 166 3,425,000 228 1,639,000 118 1,976,000 244 3,874,000 121 2,536,000 161 2,889,000 141 2,663 000 150 3,531,000

Year
1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929

TABLE 19 COTTON SEED--GEORGIA --1922--1929.

Acre Yield Tons

Production In Tons

Price Tons

Farm Value Dec. 1

093

317,000

39.70

12,585,000

076

261,000

47.90

12,500,000

146

445,000

37.10

16,500,000

144

516,000

34.10

17,590,000

168

664,000

24.40

16,180,000

143

488,400

38.50

18,803,000

123

457,000

37.00

16,909,000

158

597,000

28.00

16,716,000

Trucking on Abandoned Rice Fields
Colonel Tillinghast L. Huston, eminent New York engineer, now owner of Butler and Champnet islands, is reclaiming thousands of acres of abandoned rice fields along the Georgia coast near Brunswick and tells of his experience in truck growing on some of his lands. He
says: "On some of the acres, there were raised 400 hampers of cucumbers,
300 crates of peppers, 325 hampers of egg-plant, 250 crates of tomatoes, 400 hampers of radishes, 40 barrels of Irish potatoes, 350 hampers of beans, and 250 hampers of beets, all of which sold for good prices. This means a gross of about $1,000.00 an acre f. o. b. New York or about $500.00 an acre f. o. b. Brunswick.
"The attractive and outstanding features of our Georgia project are these: First, the high natural fertility of the soil, and second, the magnificient natural irrigation and drainage facilities."

175

Georgia Commercial Truck Crops

EM TSA^f^e setS^ateS taClUde tmCk -ow^a^nftf0^

m w,,ojrSth?0o*fgt*rlaucfakrmeaecrhs

are producing and year, that Is hauled

marketing hundreds of thousands of dollars into near-by cities and toTOs by tL growers

and disposed of for cash. Paved highways and trucks have greatly stimulated this

Sinrm th;eiff"omlloarwki-entgtresVtdime' a^tensdo*f}c"*o*mmfaecrtcsiaslhtoruulcdkbcerokpesp.t-EinDImTiOndR to ustaTthe f"isguurersa.

TABLE 20 COMMERCIAL ASPARAGUS--GEORGIA--1924--1929.

Year

Acreage Harvested

Yield Per Acre (Cratesjj)

Production Price Per Total (Crates) Crate Farm Value

1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929

2,660 2,820 4,380 4,900 5,640 6,320

12

32,000

3.79

121,000

19

54,000

3.70

200,000

16

70,000

3.42

239,000

24

118,000

3.82

451,000

23

130,000

2.75

358,000

24

152,000

3.73

567,000

-Crates containing 24 pounds.

TABLE 21 COMMERCIAL SNAP BEANS--GEORGIA -1921--1929.

Year

Yield Per Acreage Acre Bu. Production Price Harvested Hampers Bu. Hampers Bu.

Total Farm Value

1921... 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929

140

120

230

150

650

105

1,850

56

1,300

52

1,740

62

2,380

33

1,360

50

600

120

17,000 34,000 68,000 104,000 68,000 108,000 79,000 68,000 72,000

$ 1.50 1.50 2.38 1.47 1.65 2.08 .97 1.76 1.20

$ 26,000 51,000 162,000 153,000 112,000
225,000 77,000 120,000 86,000

TABLE 22 COMMERCIAL CANTALOUPES--GEORGIA --1920--1929.

Year

Acreage Harvested

Total Yield Production Price Per Farm Value Per Acre (Crates) Crate

1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927

1,330

164

1,520

195

8,410

100

5,070

44

2,980

97

750

110

700

100

710

80

218,000 296,000 841,000 223,000 289,000 82,000 70,000 57,000

$ 1.45 1.33 1.54 2.00 1.12 2.35
1.38 .76

$ 316,000 394,000
1,295,000 446,000 324,000 193,000 97,000 43,000

1928 1929

650

80

600

80

52,000 48,000

1.50 2.22

78,000 107,000

-Crates contaiil 24 pounds.

176

TABLE 23 COMMERCIAL PEACHES--GEORGIA--1922 --1929.

Year
1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929

Production Bushels
490,000 5,248,000 8,342,000 7,304,000 9,400,000 5,943,000 10,000,000 2,880,000

Price Per Bushel

$

1.46

1.65

1.01

1.40

.74

1.35

.90

1.15

Total Farm Value
$ 7,154,000 8,659,000 8,425,000 10,226,000 6,956,000 8,023,000 8,100,000 3,312,000

-Production for 1928 includes 1,000,000 bushels estimated not harvested or utilized.

TABLE 24 COMMERCIAL CABBAGE--GEORGIA--1924--1929.

Year

Acreage Harvested

Yield Per Acre
Ton

Production Price Per Total

Tons

Ton Farm Value

1924

220

6.0

1,300 $ 25.93 $ 34,000

1925 1926 1927 1928 1929

440

5.7

2,500

23.51

59,000

320

3.4

1,100

38.88

43,000

200

6.3

1,300

20.89

27,000

100

3.0

300

30.60

9,000

300

10.0

3,000

20.00

60,000

TABLE 25 COMMERCIAL CUCUMBERS--GEORGIA^ 1924--1929.

Year

Acreage Harvested

Yield Per Acre Production Price Per Total Hampers Hampers Hamper Farm Value

1924 1925
1926 1927 1928 1929

2,260

53

610

115

720

93

720

125

720

62

700

88

120,000 70,000 67,000 90,000 45,000 62,000

$ 1.20 1.15 .85 1.26
1.18 1.93

$ 144,000
80,000 57,000 113,000 53,000 120,000

-Hampers contain one bushel.

TABLE 26 EARLY IRISH POTATOES--GEORGIA--1924--1929.

Year

Acreage Harvested

Yield

Per Acre Production Price Per Total

Bus.

Bushels

Bu. Farm Value

1924

2,630

104

274,000 $ 1.52 $ 416,000

1925 1926 1927 1928 1929

2,010

65

2,250

85

2,250

115

2,500

90

1,550

97

131,000 191,000 259,000 225,000 150,000

1.61 2.17 1.96
.80 1.49

211,000 414,000 508,000 180,000 224,000

177

TABLE 27 COMMERCIAL TOMATOES--GEORGIA- 1921--1929.

Year

Acreage

Yield

Per Acre Production Price Per Farm Value

Bu.

(Bushels) Bushel

1921

420

117

1922

400

75

1923

460

80

1924

2,000

33

1925

1,040

71

1926 :...

1,850

60

1927

2,090

78

1928

2,090

68

1929

210

128

49,000 30,000 37,000 66,000 74,000 111,000 163,000 142,000 27,000

$ 1.86 2.37 1.53 1.43 2.55 2.50 1.36 1.76 2.30

$ 91,000 71 000 57,000 94,000 189,000
278,000 222,000 250,000
62,000

TABLE 28 COMMERCIAL STRAWBERRIES--GEORGIA 1927--1929.

Year

Average

Acreage Yield Per Production Seasonal

Total

Harvested Acre-Qts. Quarts

Price Farm Value

1927 1928 1929

170

1,440

245,000

.13

170

1,560

265,000

.12

170

1,470

250,000

.12

-First estimate made in 1927.

32,000 32,000 30,000

TABLE 29 COMMERCIAL PIMIENTO PEPPERS--GEORGIA--1926--1929.

Year

Acreage Yield Per Production Price

Total

Harvested Acre-Tons Tons Per Ton Farm Value

1926

1,600

3.00

4,800 $ 37.85 $ 182,000

1927

3,700

1.62

5,990

36.09

216,000

1928

5,600

1.34

7,500

38.68

290,000

1929

6,900

1.79

12,350

35.12 434,000

178

TABLE: NO. 30. COTTON.
Acreage Picked, 1926-1927-1929 and Bales Ginned--1926-1927-1928-1929.

COUNTIES

Acreage Picked

Ginnings--Census Running Bales

=

1926

1927

1929

1926

1927

1928

1929

__
Ben Hill Bibb :l

15,700 3,800 9,100 18,i00 11,200 !2,700 30,800 50,000 18,000 13,300 16,000 24,200

10,200 2,300 5,700 13,200 11,300 20,300 27,800 44,500 13,700 7,500 12,900 20,700

14,900 4,400 8,800 3,200 14,300 22,500 36,400 47,600 15,200 9,000 9,500 24,000

4,627 1,568 7,880 5,741 11,071 16,406 5,431 :,778 6,416 8,091

2,356 595
4,953 7,913 12,281 17,670 4,546 1,344 3,605 5,294

2,216 2,877 7,032 13,986 19,374 4,224 1,556 2,496 4,396

5,468 5,729 6,615 16,575 20,508 4,651 2,)82 3,504 4,195

Brantley

--

800

500

175

14,400 11,000 14,300

4,598

3,649

4,297

8,!60

'1

3,200 2,500 1,200 1,207

588

588

818

I

Bullocn

77,100 65,700 82,500 29,087 19,018 16,380 21,925 97,300 90,500 85,500 58,130 28,160 25,202 30,958

Butts --

_

Calnoun

20,700 21,600
100 10,600

17,800 16,400
100 9,200

19,900 34,600
75 15,100

7,519 12,951 5,062

6,888 8,643 3,831

5,635 7,310 4,444

5,941 14,993 5,282

33,800 26,800 19,600 12,243

4,619

3,747

6,973

78,100 76,300 84,500 40,152 36,086 40,966 48,462

--

7,100 200

5,000 100

5,500 250

500

400

200

Chattakoochee--

9,300

9,000

9,900

2,918

2,289

1,195

1,429

-- 8
Clay

27,100 29,300 17,300 28,800 20,000

22,300 25,800 11,900 19,900 18,800

21,900 33,500 13,100 22,100 12,600

10,645 11,139 7,028 7,406 4,788

9,177 10,221 7,208 4,513 4,532

10,593 11,842 7,990 4,228 5,041

12,817 11,445 8,614 5,810 4,428

400

300

600

i-

Cobb -.

Coffee

Cook

31,500 24,500 44,400 20,500 6,600 40,400 24,100 39,400

28,900 14,800 31,100 15,900 4,400 39,100 18,900 28,900

33,800 33,300 45,600 16,600 12,200 22,650 15,150 33,300

12,986 7,443 17,114 6,765 3,162 16,680 3,674 14,705

12,435 4,026 12,678 2,786 2,063 11,635 1,946 10,067

16,434 4,737 13,934 3,276 2,977 11,185 1,466 8,623

18,691 7,950 20,892 4,780 4,975 12,330 1,358 11,541

rS

DeKalb

Dougherty

j*

-'

Early

400 4,000 11,100 11,700 68,300 58,100 11,000 15,700 33,000

300 2,900 7,200 9,100 57,000 51,600 9,000 15,500 26,500

1,400 2,800 16,600 9,700 64,500 61,500 14,800 16,600 39,500

876 3,593 3,506 25,890 26,772 5,497 5,279 13,482

724 2,088 3,567 18,739 16,896 3,621 5,239 8,861

902 4,844 14,287 15,947 2,506 5,134 8,213

687 3,483 5,159 19,835 19,207 3,675 7,099 14,104

;l
$

Echols-- Elbert

-

600 8,000 38,400 67,600

400 6,100 33,900 58,800

200 5,500 29,700 86,700

1,899 11,605 35,925

1,011 13,256 19,308

918 11,407 13,113

1,188 11,150 25,213

18 -f

17,000 30,100 44,300 25,100 41,700

11,300 27,400 34,200 22,700 43,400

11,700 28,300 49,900 29,300 48,100

5,924 8,779 17,745 9,803 15,423

3,368 5,856 14,252 11,162 20,615

3,523 6,369 17,966 11,495 21,533

4,179 8,038 20,652 12,144 18,364

Fulton

2,200 2,000 1,100

400

300

300

14,100 15,000 14,200

4,875

4,029

2,844

4,823

Habersham Hall

200 30,500 11,200 24,500 40,500 4,800 31,500 31.90C 22.50C 27.60C 47.20C 37,10C 41.60C 25.70C 24,10C 46.80C 21,201

100 27,400 8,000 20,300 41,100 3,300 26.00C 29.90C 21.00C 24.80C 41.30C 32.80C 44.50C 26,20( 19.30C 38,50( 16,80(

25 29,700 9,400 18,700 47.90C 3.30C 36.80C 21.60C 27.20C 25.00C 36.80C 33.30C 46.90C 24,20( 24,101 60,901 ) 13,20 )

12,344 1,628 6,749 14,753
99S 13,582 191.,3073Er 12.06C 7,53! 12.09C 15,51' 9,73(
6,49' 17,40! 5,60 i

13,593 1,119 4,557 19,210 1,397 14,418 6.30C 8,322 5.99C 13.00C 8,95r 15,182 6,55' 4,66 22,53' 3,31

16,437 917
4,428 21,499 1,834 16,449 4,447 8,762 4,475 15.65C 8,45r 15.53C
5, lie 5,68( 25,43' 3,17

17,364 1,901 7,394 24,670 1,531 15,432 7,981 10,211 5,217 14,816 8,444 16,338 5,866 7,288 27,663 3,267

Jefferson Jenkins

7,90( 56,90( 1 39,50( )

5,70( 50,001 ) 36,60 )

4,50 56,90 ) 31,50 )

29,87 16,88.

) S1

16,67 J 9,59 i

12,24 ) 8,53 )

21,302 12,129

179

TABLE NO. 30.--Continued. COTTON.
Acreage Picked. 1926-1927-1929 and Bales Ginned--1926-1927-1928-1929.

COUNTIES

Acreage Picked

Ginnings--Census Running Bales

1927

1929

1926

1927

1929

Johnson

Jones

_.

Lamar

Lanier---

Laurens

Lee

Liberty

Lincoln

Long

Lowndes

Lumpkin

McDufiie-

Mclntosh

Macon

Madison

Marion

Meriwether

Miller

Milton

Mitchell..

._.

Monroe

Montgomery

Morgan

Murray

Muscogee

Newton

Oconee

Oglethorpe

Paulding

Peach--

Pickens

Pierce

Pike-.

Polk...

Pulaski

Putnam

Quitman

Randolph

Richmond

Rockdale

Schley

Screven

Seminole

Spalding

Stephens

Stewart

Sumter

Talbot

Taliaferro

Tattnall

Taylor...

Telfair

Terrell

Thomas

Tilt

Toombs

Treutlen

Troup

Turner

Twiggs..

Upson...

Walker

Walton

Ware

Warren

Washington

Wayne

Webster.

Wheeler.

White

Whitfield

Wilcox--

Wilkes

Wilkinson...

Worth

All Other Counties

45,600 12,000 15,300
800 103,600
14,000 1,600 13,400 2,300 12,500 2,900 23,400
100 56,800 37,100 14,700 56,400 18,900 21,000 54,700 13,100 26,600 31,000 17,300
5, 33,400 22,500 34,300 23,100 10,700 10,100 12,000 38,500 33,600 31,000 12,000 11,400 48,700 19,700 11,700 15,000 66,300 11,100 26,300 17,800 22,200 71,500 14,400 11,500 27,000 26,500 35,600 69,100 11,900 22,000 30,000 32,500 40,300 20,700 15,400 17,400 16,100 52,400 5,100 32,000 57,700 15,900 9,800 29,100 4,200 13,700 39,600 30,400 12,000 50,500

37,000 12,800 15,000
700 90,100 10,"
1,100 13,900 1,700 9,600 2,800 18,100
100 49,900 37,700 16.000 54,100 12,600 20, 36,700 12,300 20,200 32,400 14,900
4,100 29,500 23,400 31,400 22,800 12,800 7,100 5,200 39,700 31,600 27,71)0 9,700 7,200 34,200 15,500 10,000 14,100 53,700 7,900 21,000 15,200 17,800 55,200 13,500 10,900 14,000 28,500 33,000 55,200 9,200 14,400 23,200 26,400 39,700 15,600 18,300 16,500 12,600 52,000 3,100 31,500 52,700 10,300 8,600 28,000 3,400 12,400 32,100 26,700 10,800 40,700

46,200 8,800 15,900 1,99,900 12,500
600 15,600 1,000 11,500 1,700 20,600
75 43,000 40,300 11,600 51,100 19,600 22,300 44,100 13,600 25.500 38, 16,900 4,400 29,900 23,200 24,300 19,800 19,900 7,600 8,300 31,600 34,300 28,800 9,900 7,500 53,500 19,700 18,200 17,600
58,;. 17,700 21,700 12,600 14,300 69,900 9,900 11,900 16,600 28,700 37,900 56,700 36,300 33,600 29,800 18,700 19,900 21,000 12,600 15,900 17,000 59,700 2,800 25,000 53,300 12,000 7,200 17,000 2,800 15,600 44,500 26,000 9,300 38,000

19,016
7,153
38,506 5,233
3,920
3,423 295
10,324
20,614 13,451 4,898 22,400
6,733 14,726 6,702 9,658 9,731 5,187 2,892 9,719 6,137 10,177 9,247 7,391 3,597 3,787 13,458 15,005 10,022 3,857 1,541 23,337 9,584 3,893 7,219 25,000 5,031 10,274 3,535 8,809 32,661 5,586 5,090 8,699 14,551 13,803 29,740 7,944 11,104 12,908 8,440 22,552 9,334 4,882 6,775 6,572 19,197 1,513 11,211 20,168 5,840'
7,525
7,356 15,115 12,618 3,876 11,923 18,262

8,238 843
5,014
25,269 2,363
3,104
2,003 361
5,749
13,261 18,378 4,107 12,190
8,335 10,411 4,325 6,017 10,159 4,976 1,459 9,122 7,811 11,135 9,451 5,582 3,005 1,857 10,063 13,736 7,033 1,592 1,295 12,960 4,951 4,577 4,669 14,895 3,314 7,936 5,132 5,701 17,104 3,648 2,982 3,335 10,064 9,381 17,442 5,716 7,584 7,; 4,588 10,196 7,681 4,251 3,885 6,033 23,134
6,709 11,682 3,210
5,038 857
7,349 12,169 9,786 2,044 9,071 10,662

4,588 428
4,155
15,599 1,763
3,001
2,639 371
5,789
10,856 16,745 2,905 9,121
9,546 7,585 3,293 5,504 12,077
4,r~
I 9,127 7,887 9,415 9,441 3,900 2,548 1,859 6,568 15,444 6,537 1,877 1,153 11,410 5,124 5,862 4,380 14,745 3,270 6,925 6,298 4,937 16,109 2,051 3,184 3,121 6,978 7,254 15,239 5,980 6,929 6,678 3,332 9,368 6,329 2,168 2,002 7,374 27,371
549 6,624 7,767 2,487
2,473 1,031 8,506 10,183 9,608 1,092 8,310 12,388

12,131 1,018 4,098

State Total....1 3,965,000 3,412,000 3,780,000 1,498,473 1,110,923 1,053,205 1,339,446
,,,, NOTE--Non-cotton growing counties: Fannln. Rabun, Towns and UnionT Where bales ginned are not listed above, ginnings are included in "All other counties."
180

COUNTIES

TABLE 31. CORN AND OATS. Acreage Harvested 1926 1927-1929.

CORN Acres Harvested

OATS Acres Harvested

1926

1927

1929

1926

1927

1929

Ben Hill

-

Bibb

Chattahoochee-- Chattooga
Clinch Cobb
Columbia Cook

DeKalb

-

Dougherty

Eifingham Elbert

27,400 13,300
16,800 22,500 13,400 11,700 16,100 23,100 16,400 24,700 19,600 28,800
7,500 42,500
9,900 66,100 60,900 17,200
17,500 2,100 14,100 24,300 43,900 9,200 5,000 5,300 9,300 20,200 21,000 12,100 17,000 10,400 5,000 28,900 51,600 49,200 19,500 19,100 38,500 18,300 25,800
5,100 9,800 41,000 22,100 68,300 39,800 15,800 13,700
34,500 4,900 14,800 24,700 70,600 17,300
14,400 18,600 33,100

29,100 14,600
18,000 24,800 14,700 12,300 15,800 22,600 15,600 26,400 21,600 24,500
7,100 43,400 10,200 69,400 63,900 15,500
18,000 2,200 14,500 25,500 50,500 10,600 5,200 5,600 9,100 21,900 20,000 10,900 18,700 10,800 5,200 26,000 56,800 54,100 20,100 19,900 34,700 18,700 26,500
5,200 9,000 42,200 24,300 69,700 43,800 16,000 13,000
37,900 5,200 15,100
25,400 72,700 18,200
14,100 19,500 34,000

28,265 14,565
17,500 30,875 15,900 12,875 14,300 21,200 20,300 31,800 19,100 25,500
6,125 40,500
3,995 67,815 38,500 23,500
19,250 1,125 11,750 18,200
45,300 8,125 2,500 1,200 8,750 21,400 48,600 8,350 19,640 13,780 5,120 25,500 55,600 44,460 16,100 29,900 25,500 18,300 26,400
4,150 10,200 40,200 20,500 50,250 33,400 15,800 12,650
28,100 4,500 10,750 18,300 80,800 13,400
14,600 18,500 28,750

2,590 1,990
1,880 1,390 2,030 2,680 4,450 2,200 2,090 3,190 2,190 2,300 2,070 2,310 1,610 9,800 4,640 3,680
1,210 120
1,310 3,480 5,080
260 470 520 110 590 1,330 5,040 1,240 1,870 480 3,680 9,860 7,430 3,590 2,080 5,530 850 2,820
330 220 2,390 2,460 2,720 4,110 1,690 1,060
3,110 440
2,110 7,460 2,780 1,680
150 1,400 2,310

3,370 1,990
1,320 1,420 1,990 3,560 3,560 2,090 3,200 3,410 2,090 2,050 2,380 2,800 1,770 8,820 4,800 2,580
1,300 140
1,000 3,650 3,610
240 500 500 100 530 1,400 3,780 1,310 1,960 500 3,860 10,540 7,700 3,050 2,500 5,940 810 2,960
270 220 2,270 2,340 1,900 4,400 1,440 850
3,020 480
2,000 7,090 3,060 1,650
130 1,070 2,440 1

2,000 1,000
500 3,500
750 4,100 4,000 1,500 4,500 6,125 1,350 2,500
250 700 1,000 2,500 2,250 2,525
1,800 100
2,000 5,000 15,000
200 100 350 200 500 1,250 4,000 1,250 575 200 3,500 9,000 5,250 8,250 2,100 2,400 1,175 650
500 250 700 2,100 2,125 5,100 800 150
700 200 200 7,000 5,250 2,000
140 5,900 1,800

181

COUNTIES
Forsyth Franklin-- Fulton Gllmer Glascock-- Glynn Gordon Grady GreeneGwinnett. - Habersham.. Hall Hancock Haralson-- Harris Hart- --Heard Henry.. Houston Irwin Jackson Jasper Jeff Davis.-Jefferson-- Jenkins Johnson Jones Lamar Lanier Laurens Lee.-- Liberty Lincoln Long Lowndes Lumpkin-- McDuffie Mclntosh-- Macon Madison Marion Meri wether.. Miller Milton Mitchell Monroe Montgomery Morgan Murray Muscogee-- Newton Oconee. Oglethorpe..
Paulding--

TABLE 31.--Cont'd. CORN AND OATS. Acreage Harvested 1926-1927-1929.

CORN Acres Harvested

1926

1927

1929

19,800 26,100 4,500
15,300 12,900 2,100 21,300 46,000 24,400 43,100
14,900 32,500 30,700 17,300 21,500 19,900 24,100 29,700 28,900
43,600
24,800 21,800 21,800 48,500 33,600 34,500 19,400
13,500 7,900 83,700 19,300 11,700 13,000 8,500 27,500 9,900
17,600 2,400
38,200 23,200 20,800 39,100 24,200 11,500 54,600 17,200 27,900 24,500 12,000
4,800
24,100
14,800 26,100
20,300

19,200 27,400 4,500
14,500 13,300 2,200 22,900 48,300 22,000 45,300
16,100 34,100 32,300 17,500 21,000 19,900 22,000 31,000 29,500
45,800
23,600 19,600 22,900 50,000 34,300 37,300 17,500
14,200 9,100 82,000 18,500 12,300 12.400 8,700 29,400 9,700
17,600 2,500
38,500 24,600 19,800 37,100 24,900 12,600 60,000 18,400 28,400 23,300 12,000
4,400
23,800
14,800 27,900
19,900

21,250 23,800 4,000
14,500 8,800 1,000 23,800 40,000 17,500 43,250
15,200 23,600 21,400 21.700 20,500 15,500 18,400 19,300 28,200
47,800
18,200 21,300 21,750 55,600 32,400 32,200 16,300
10,500 8,000 98,750 21,100 6,250 9,760 8,420 31,500 9,600
15,170 2,500
30,250 20,500 18,750 40,600 17,400 11,500 55,250 14,750 20,100 25,800 12,600 4,500
21,500
12,500 18,250
18,460

OATS Acres Harvested

1,450 11,620
670
210 790 350 1,340 1,790 2,850 4,750
850 3,680 2,280 1,600 2,090 11,200 1,970 6,000 4,300
6,220
8,290 2,870 2,760 6,030 3,040 1,010 1,350
2,790 830
6,720 2,730
760 8,450 1,400 1,800
220
2,480 60
4,200 11,180 1,890 8,290 2,360
1,060 2,070 3,250 3,860 6,660
230 470
3,930
4,960 7,210
1,910

940 14,290
750
200 700 350 1,700 1,780 2,990 4,510
3,050 2,510 1,550 1,680 8,960 1,500 4,600 3,440
6,310
6,220 2,300 2,900 5,100 2,380
910 1,120
2,130 870
5,910 2,460
800 7,600 1,500 1,900
200
2,230 60
3,160 11,520
1,780 7,200 2,510 1.100 2,800 2,440 2,510 5,990
250 450
3,850
4,220 6,850
1,430

1929
1,000 7,250
300
200 750 140 1,500 5,000 450 4,115
500 2,500 5,000 2,700 2,100 7,000 5,000 4,500 1,500
5,000
7,500 8,200 2,500 5,400
900 1,100
400
5,000 500
5,000 1,160
500 7,000
800 12,100
275
6,000 100
4,200 3,750 2,000 1,000
500 1,250 1,160 2,500 2,900 6,100
200 500
4,000
4,000 1,600
500

182

COUNTIES
Peach Pickens.Pierce Pike Polk PulaskiPutnam. Quitman. Babun Randolph.. Richmond-. Rockdale... Schley...Screven.-Seminole. Spalding. Stephens. Stewart.Sumter... Talbot TaliaferroTattnalL.. Taylor Telfair Terrell Thomas-.. Tift ToombS--Towns Treutlen-- Troup Turner Twiggs Union. Upson. Walker Walton
ware-- Warren WashingtonWayne WebsterWheeler White-- Whitfield-..Wilcox -Wilkes Wilkinson--Worth State Totals

TABLE 31.^Cont'd. CORN AND OATS. Acreage Harvested 1926-1927-1929.

CORN Acres Harvested

OATS Acres Harvested

1927

1929

1926

1927

14,200 11,800 14,400 24,900 20,500 22,300 14,600
9,300
7,900 30,300 20,900 12,900
11,500 54,300 21,100 16,900 10,300 21,200 52,200
14,300 8,800
34,600 18,900 38,200 32,500 50,100 24,600 35,100
7,600 22,900 25,700 32,200 19,200
13,600 21,900
26,700 28,800 14,100 17,700 72,900 20,800 14,700 28,100 12,000 14,500 31,800 31,300 28,900 48,000
3,817,000

14,500 11,000 15,100 23,200 21,500 24,500 15,400
9,800
8,700 31,800 21,500 13,700
11,700 55,900 21,700 16,900
9,300 23,300 50,100
14,700 9,700 36,300 18,000 42,000 33,000 54,200 28,300 36,800 7,700 19,500 24,400 33,800 19,600
13,700 20,800
25.600 30,000 14,800 18,400 69,300 21,800 15.100 27,800 12,000 13,100 32,500 26,600 25,400 46,100
3,892,600

15,390 11,900 25,500 23,250 20,150 24,500 35,600
9,100
6,700 31,500 21,400
8,900
10,500 57,750 20,850 17,900 9,600 24,900 45,100
15,900 7,750 35,250 18,000 28.160 26,500 52,175 21,500 35,000 7,900 20,500 15,000 25,750 18,000
13,300 20,900
24,500 28,500 14,000 15,800 66,350 22,000 15,700 20,300 10,150 13,150 45,500 18,400 27,600 45,150
3,656,000

3,670 630
2,200 4,110 1,690 2,320 2,260
430
1.770 3,090 2,350
1,140 5,110 1,680 6,290 2,880 2,200 13,070
1,800 1,560 2,180 2,720 2,920 5,390 2,850 3,180 2,750
300 2,510 2,840 2,560 1,090
280 3,070
1,910 11,360
1,220 1,010 6,700 2,160
570 3,850
700 930 3,750 10,510 1,340 2,480
475,050

2 940 450
1,760 3,600 1,100 2,440 1.920
450
70 1,580 3,240 1,760
1,070 4,550 1,520 4,620 3,600 1,600 12,650
1,150 1,640 2.510 1.800 3,000 5,390 3.260 3,020 2,850
250 1,760 2,920 2,850
930
250 2,870
1,240 8,860 1,520 1,110 5,030 2,300
600 3,080
650 560 3,180 10,620 1,410 2,800
442,380

3,500 550 385
2,730 1,000 3,000
400
150
1,200 1,900 4,200 1,000
1,000 8,200
400 3,000 2,500 2,000 10,375
900 800 7,000 1,500 2,000 4,975 2,000 5,000 2,000 100 1,000 600 3,000 500
260 2,000
11,300 8,700 1,000 5,000 6,000 1,000
500 3,400
500 560 2,500 600 2,000 1,900
424,000

183

r

COUNTY

TABLE 32. WHEAT.
Acreage Harvested 1926^1927-1929.

Acreage Harvested 1926 1927 1929

COUNTY

Acreage Harvested 1926 1927 1929

BaldwinBanks Barrow. Bartow Bulloch.-Burke Butts

Campbell Candler. CarrollCatoosa Chattahoocb.ee Chattooga Cherokee Clarke Clayton --Cobb Columbia Coweta Crawford Crisp

Dade Dawson DeKalb Dooly Douglas

Elbert Emanuel

Fannin Fayette Floyd... Forsyth Franklin

Glascock

Gordon

Greene-

-.

Gwinnett

Habersham Hall Hancock Haralson. HartHeard Henry. Houston

Jackson -- Jasper JeffersonJenkins-..

280 910 2,005 1,460 600 510 1,315
120 295 695 330 385 180 1,475 1,165 720 1,370 145 630 475 155
240 720 1,095 1,075 435
2,005 230
230 320 395 2,125 2,965
410 1,640
850 4,560
590 3,675
435 240 2,735 330 3,120 300
3,100 1,075 1,260
265

350 1,320 2,305 1,680
800 460 1,365
145 400 1,390 440 460 215 1,770 1,100 825 1,715 180 820 595 175
300 820 1,040 1,200 650
3,010 310
260 385 495 2,230 4,445
555 1,990 1,060 5,470
885 4,190
545 310 3,555 295 2,800 375
3,400 1,345 1,700
355

200 1,000 2,500
985 200 895 1,150
200 210 1,750 225 210 135 1,015 550 650 1,900 3,000 65 495 300
1,200 325 350 750 215
1,500 300
225 3,250
210 1,500 2,925
350 1,100
375 4,600
1,000 4,500
650 500 3,385 215 1,685 1,300
1,500 1,420 1,800
150

Johnson -

245

320

250

Lamar..-. Laurens. Lincoln..

930 1,025 2,050

775

750

350

495

595

Madison Meri wether.Milton Monroe MontgomeryMorgan Murray

4,745 740 610
635 290 970 1,260

5,220 985 795 950 360
1,455 1,575

3,750 525 750 500 215
1,350 1,025

Newton

1,530 2,140 1,500

Oglethorpe. Oconee

3,550 5,330

500

2,725 2,590 2,150

Paulding. Peach Pickens.-Pike. Polk Putnam...

830
255 485 1,640 2,080 355

915 320 510 1,805 2,250 320

375 300 535 1,260 1,800 260

RichmondRockdale - -

470

635

650

1,405 1,375

485

Spalding.. Stephens. Sumter--

2,190 855 520

2,080 1,110
660

2,500 895
1,985

Taliaferro. Talbot Taylor Terrell Towns Troup Turner

270 170 175 170
3,035 230 540

400
205 210 220 3,460 275 675

325 310 220 215 3,100 300 400

Union.. TJpson.

1,185 1,350

625

500

575

250

Walker-.

-

Walton--

Washington

Wheeler-

White....

Whitfield

Wilcox--

-

Wilkes

Worth

All other counties

4,650 825 385 200 450 345
1,950 455
4,935

1,100 5,580 1,070
480 230 545 420 2,925 525 5,915

560 5,200
800 210 250 475 400 1,500 425 4,225

State total

103,575 124,715 102,135

184

TABLE 33. TOBACCO--ALL TYPES. Acreage Harvested 1926-1927-1929.

COUNTY
Atkinson.-. Appling.-. BaconBen Hill. Berrien.-. BrantleyBryan-- Brooks-.Bulloch.Burke Oalhoun.. Camden... Candler.. CnarltonClinch-.-. Coffee Oolauitt-. Oook Decatur. Dodge... Echols EffinghamEmanuel.-Evans Grady.. Irwin.Lanier..

Acreage Harvested

1926 900
2,900
2,000 625
4,250 1,900
100 1,650
240
10 100 690 400 200 4,000 1,600 1,900 1,500
100 10 180 500 1,300 650 820

1927 1,350 4,450 3,240
675 5,300 2,150
100 2,800 1,000
100 10 200 2,400 450 300 5,000 2,950 3,550 1,500
150 20 300
2,150 1,300 1,100

1929 1,540 3,960 2,180 1,100 5,600 2,200
110 3,020 3,650
660 190 220 5,500 165 385 6,000 5,500 3,850 1,650 330 165 110 2,890 1,320 3,800 2,750 2,200

COUNTY
Laurens... JeffersonJeff DavisJenkins Johnson.. Ware Wayne-. . Worth... Wheeler LibertyLong Lowndes Macon Miller Mitchell _ Montgomery. Pierce RichmondScreven Telfair Tift Tattnall Thomas Toombs Treutlen All other counties
Totals

Acreage Harvested

1927 1929

200

400

275

2,400 40

3,800 200

550 4,100
440 110

1,000 330 450 250

1,250 420

1,375 1,540 1,100
975

50 250 2,950

500 400 4,700

550 550 5,500

150 2,100
150

200 3,000
225

100 150 5,500 1,650

4,500 6,420 6,400

265

280

550

50 1,500 3,250 1,320 1,600
30 775

50 2,370 5,360 2,550 3,000
75 1,450

140 2,860 3,000 3,250 3,800 1,100 3,125

51,900 81,475 110,000

TABLE 34. SWEET POTATOES AND IRISH POTATOES.
Acreage Harvested 1926^1927-1929.

COUNTY

Ben Hill. . Bibb

Bulloch

-

Butts...

SWEET POTATOES Acres Harvested

1926 2,100
745 1,300
240 755 130 190 175 865 1,120 1,265 725 605 4,080 720 2,045 700 360 205

1927 1,990
635 1,725
265 720 130 240 260 1,135 1,010 1,520 910 855 4,490 750 2,350 800 480 205

1929 2,000
700 1,200
300 500 140 400 400 1,750 1,150 1,180 725 500 4,500 800 1,500 600 ann

IRISH POTATOES Acres Harvested

1926 70 25 50 5 20 135 105
310 50 35 80 20 75 190 365 280 75

1927
80 20 55 5 15 125 100 255 35 40 75 15 85 155 300 255 65 10 5

1929 75 25 50 5 20 150 175
300 100 40 90 30 80 50 50 150 50 40 25

185

TABLE 34.--Con't. SWEET POTATOES AND IRISH POTATOES.
Acreage Harvested 1926^1927-1929.

COUNTY
Chattahoochee-- Ohattooga -- Clay Clinch Cobb Coffee Columbia Cook
DeKalb -Dougherty Effingham Elbert -
Habersham Hall
Jasper Jeff Davis.
Lincoln--

SWEET POTATOES Acres Harvested

1926
505 665 555 750 365 450 855 165 360 375 360 240 1,395 425 1,360 2,155 2,600 710 1,120 840 215 840
75 80 1,365 780 1,530 1,765 560 315 625 220 1,645 600 1,480 755 195 410 385 230 355 500 190 120 660 170 1,660 330 290 240 460 800 305 1,015 225 330 670 540 2,065 300 360 480 730 330 530 525 155 560 2,255 310 355 290

1927
650 800 605 1,005 375 580 1,045 190 380 490 540 215 1,670 425 1,770 2,870
3,120 750
1,345 925 270 880 95 90
1,570 700
1,820 1,765
615 440 870 220 1,670 570 1,775 950 220 470 525 300 550 600 220 130 810 200 1,990
395 510 380 640 960 355 1,065 360 320 740 650 2,580 400
325 550 780 355 690 580 195 615 2,480 435 450 390

1929
600 500 800 1.200 500 300 375 200 250 488 300 200 1,000 200 1,800 2,500 1,800 800 1,500 500 300 800 300 125 1.600 650 1,000 1,500 700 250 400 100 1,500 750 3,000 500 195 2,000 400 600 300 400 190 100 500 100 2,500 300 300 700 350 800 400 1,500 500 300 500 1,150 2,300 400
250 700 1,350 200 500 300 1,500 300 2,000 500 1,000 100
186

IRISH POTATOES Acres Harvested

1926
70 40 175 80 110 25 2,065 20 135 235 90
5 55 15 405 45 90 85 20 70 10 35 195 145 35 350 40 30 30 40 10 25 1,440 80 80 75 775 35 255 190 90 155 410 30 355 125 70 55 245 260 405 20 60 35 45 40 50 15 30 180 15 30 70 130
10 15 20 5 90 25 150 105

1927
65 30 155 85 95 20 2250 15 140 250 95
5 40 10 350 40 90 75 15 55
5 30
175 140 45 335 30
25 25 45 15 20 1,200 70 75 70 700 25 200 160 85 170 355 30 290 110 60 50 225 240 425 15 65 40 40 45 35 10 25 135 10 30 80 115 10 10 15
5 75 20 125 95

1929
50 10 150 60 100 50 616 100 200 134 100 10 25
5 390
50 20 75 200 25 100 100 300 100 10 200 50 50 40 25 100 50 1,500 50 200 150 800 300 300 400 65 150 410 50 240 50 100 100 100 300 150 350 90 100 150 20 30 50 140 100 185
10 100 90
15 25 75 40 80 50 200 50

TABLE 34.--Cont'd. SWEET POTATOES AND IRISH POTATOES.
Acreage Harvested 1926^1927-1929.

COUNTIES

Long

Lowndes

Lumpkin

McDuffie

Mclntosh

Macon

Madison

Marion

Meri wether..-

Miller

Milton

Mitchell

Monroe

Montgomery-

Morgan-

Murray

Muscogee

Newton

Oconee.-

Oglethorpe...

Paulding

Peach

Piekens

Pierce-

Pike

-

Polk

Pulaski

Putnam

Quitman

Rabun

Randolph

Richmond

Rockdale

Schley

Screven.

Seminole

Spalding

Stephens

Stewart

Sumter.-

Talbot _-.

Taliaferro

Tattnall

Taylor.

Teliair-

Terrell

Thomas

Tilt

Toombs

Towns

Treutlen

Troup

Turner

Twiggs

Union..

Upson

Walker

Walton

Ware--

Warren

Washington-

Wayne

Webster

Wheeler

White.

Whitfield

Wilcox

Wilkes

Wilkerson

Worth.

State totals-..

SWEET POTATOES Acres Harvested

485 1,800
105 230 390 340 155 600 1,140 460 85 2,060 410 695 290 145 525 580 135 270 325 255 115 1,460 220 180 635 315 270 195 280 940 200 200 790 395 345 130 355 890 485 240 1,315 215 1,120 380 2,575 1,470 2,095 125 605 590 675 615 190 315 690 675 1,275 235 880 2,160 240 725 60 220 1,205 535 415 1,520
110,000

1927

1929

610 2,700
110 250 500 410 310 725 1,450 530 150 2,780 615 760 465 190 630 770 160 400 455 305 140 1,850 240 250 890 380 300 290 335 1,130 340 200 870 450 415 190 320 1,025 600 420 1,680 260 1,290 440 3,600 1,910 2,610 160 665 740 1,010 710 240 360 700 740 1,570 295 840 2,585 275 870 70 210 1,265 720 520 1,820

500 3,500
110 500 400 700 300 700 500 300 100 2,000 500 750 510 200 600 600 500 150 225 350 150 1,200 200 400 1,150 250 50 150 400 1,250 500 400 2,000 200 300 500 350 1,500 400 200 1,700 800 1,450 487 1,500 2,100 2,000 100 400 100 1,000 1,500 190 500 800 1,250 1,000 200 1,000 1,300 350 1,200 200 210 1,300 200 200 1,600

131,800

124,000

187

IRISH POTATOES Acres Harvested

1926
75 120 335 55 25 25 80 15 95 10 65 15 20 10 30 115 25 30 70 60 175 10 165 165 40 170 35 15 25 355 15 235 20 15 170 15 40 75
5 75 20 20 175 35 15 20 155 45 145 235 30 60 15 20 415 30 335 90 115 85 30 275 5 15 145 210 35 135 5 25
19,000

1927
60 110 305 50 20 20 95 10 75 15 55 10 15 10 25 110 40 25 60 70 150 10 155 130 45 140 30 10 20 375 10 225 15 10 170 10 30 85
5 80 15 15 140 25 10 20 165 50 120 225 20 50 20 15 405 20 275 85 90 75 25 215 5 10 150 180 30 120 5 25
17,495

1929
100 90 315 105 50 90 75 205 65 75 25 15 5 100 35 110 50 35 100 100 200 100 175 25 30 40 45 75 10 150 20 250 100 15 90 100 100 150 50 75 60 20 300 60 5 25 300 150 100 200 25 40 85 300 400 25 400 400 300 100 20 100 20 5 280 180 30 100 40 20
20,000

TABLE 35. PEANUTS, GROWN ALONE--ALL HAY, INCLUDING PEANUT HAY.
Acreage for 1926-1927-1929.

COUNTIES
Appling-AtkinsonBacon Baker Baldwin- Banks Barrow.. Bartow-.. BenHilLBerrien.-. Bibb Bleckley.. BrantleyBrooks. - Bryan Bulloch.Burke Butts Calhoun --Camden Campbell Oandler Carroll Catoosa Charlton-Chatham Chattahoochee. Chattooga Cherokee Clarke Clay Clayton Clinch Cobb Coffee-. Colauitt.- -Columbia Cook Coweta Crawford Crisp Dade Dawson Decatur-- DeKalb Dodge Dooly Dougherty . Douglas-- Early Echols Effingham. Elbert Emanuel.-Evans.Fannin.. Fayette.. Floyd.... Forsyth.

Peanuts Grown Alone

All Hay (Including Peanut Hay)

Acres 1926

Acres 1927

Acres 1929

Acres 1926

Acres 1927

Acres 1929

250 1,400
370 7,500 1,000
10 100 50 950 1,350 400 600 590 6,000 140 3,200 440 50
9,000 10 100 360 70 10 200 20 100 80 30 20
10,200 150 200 200
2,800 4,700
100 2,400
900 200 11,500
10 20 5,900 30 1,700 9,000 3,300 30
16,670 700 350 20 350 150
10 120 70 40

2,450
740 12,700
950 20 150 120 1,430 2,230 450 630 610 10,560 210 3,680 970 100
12,600 20 210 610 100 20 290 30 130 180 50 50
16,300 260 300 300
4,540 7,050
100 4,400 1,230
250 18,800
20 30 8,600 50 1,770 15,000 5,000 50
20,800 1,400 530 40 650 220
20 210 140 40

180 1,800
630 13,100
675 30 90 45
10,200 1,600 135 1,020 360 11,040 45 1,350 225 45
13,500 10 90 45 20 15
170 45 150 75 10 15 13,400 75 200 285 3,600 5,400 350 3,320 90 270 13,100
5 35 9,100 30 400 14,900 3,100 40
7,050 150 135 100 950
2,100
10 290
60 10

1,000 2,200
1,200 6,100 2,900
900 1,600 8,200 2,200 2,000 4,200 3,200 1,000 6,900
800 4,500 2,600 2,300
8,400 500
1,600 2,900 2,800 6,200
800 2,200
400 4,500 1,400 3,500 8.400 3,100
600 4,500 4,000 7,000 1,800 3,200 7,000 1,300 9,000
3,600 600
5,700 2,100 3,200 12,000 4,000
900
13,600 1,100 1,900 4,600 3,100 500
3,400 1,500 7,000 1,000

2,800 3,500
2,100 11,100 3,400 2,300 2,700 12,200 3,600 3,000 5,400 4,200 1,800 12,900
800 7,800 4,300 3,900
12,500 500
2,600 3,300 5,500 7,100 1,400 3,000
500 5,100 1,900 5,800 14,500 5,000
800 5,800 8,100 10,000 2,600 4,900 8,000 2,100 14,800
4,100 1,100 9,700 2,800 3,800 17,000 7,200 1,000
19,400 2,000 3,000 6,500 5,000
700
4,400 2,000 9,600 2,000

1,900 3,200
5,000 12,000 5,000 2,500 2,000 10,000 10,000 17,000
3,000 1,500
800 4,400
150 4,000 5,300 2,000
16,000 600
1,000 8,000 15,500 8,500
720 1,600
600 4,000 1,650 4,500 14,500 2,500
400 6,010 5,500 9,500 10,500 6,000 2,500
800 11,500
2,300 1,100 10,000 1,500 2,500 17,500 1,500 1,000
14,000 1,375 1,750 1,800 1,500 2,500
3,850 1,250 10,000 1,500

188

TABLE 35.--Cont'd. PEANUTS, GROWN ALONE--ALL HAY, INCLUDING PEANUT HAY.
Acreage for 1926^1927-1929.

COUNTIES
Franklin. Fulton- -. Gilmer Glascock-- Glynn Gordon-- Grady Greene Gwinnett HabershamHall Hancock Haralson Harris Hart Heard Henry Houston Irwin. Jackson-Jasper Jeff DavisJefferson-. Jenkins Johnson.-. Jones Lamar-- Lanier Laurens-Lee Liberty..Lincoln-.. Long LowndesLumpkln. McDuffie Mclntosh Macon Madison Marion Meriwether.-MillerMilton Mitchell Monroe Montgomery . Morgan Murray Muscogee NewtonOconee Oglethorpe. Paulding. Peach Pickens--

Peanuts Grown Alone

All Hay (Including Peanut Hay)

Acres 1926

Acres 1927

Acres 1929

Acres 1926

Acres 1927

Acres 1929

30 60 10 110 10 20 14,100 160 40 10 140 400 30 200 20 70 80 1,720 4,000 20 980 400 390 20 200 210 300 1,620 2,400 15,200 40 20 180 5,100 10 20 50 700 10 900 320 8,300 10 19,500 30 300 850 10 140 400
70 50 240 10

70
20 220 20 50 21,600 320 60 20 140 550 50 350 40 140 160 2,140 6,400 60 2,200 640 1,360 120 270 320 540 2,270 3,600 18,200 60 40 260 10,700 10 40 70 1,350 30 1,440 400 11,800 20 27,300 50 400 1,690 20 110 600 450 130 120 290 20

30 50
15 450 10 20 20,480 110 45
10 100 700 20 1,050 200 50 70 1,100
6,100
100 1,700
110 2,400
340 460 125
225 2,070
510 13,020
180 25 105 7,150 10
440 75
1,010 15
625 125 11,060 10 11,500 20 1,700 70 30 460
820
500 60
10 1,650
15

2.Q0.O 700
1,400 300 600
3,300 11,400 3,500 4,400
1,800 1,100 2,700 2,300 1,000 2,000
900 3,000 4,900
4,900
2,100 4,400
800 2,100
700 1,300 1,800
2,300 1,300 5,700 12,700
600 1,100
500 5,400 1,200
900 500 2,800 3,100 2,600 3,400 6,600 700 15,000 2,100 1,000 4,100 7,100 900
3,400
1,400 5,600
2,300 3,500
700

3,800 1,000
2,300 600
1,000 4,400 19,100 5,400 5,700
2,600 2,000 4,100 3,000 1,400 3,500 1,100 4,200 7,100
8,100
4,000 8,000 1,300 4,000 1,300 2,200 3,200
3,800 2,000 9,200 16,900
800 2,500 1,000 9,400 2,300
1,300 900
4,500 5,600 3,800 3,800 10,400 1,700 23,400 2,900 1,500 7,500 9,200 1,400
6,000
3,300 7,800
2,500 5,700 1,100

1,800 700
1,850 100 540
4,500 4,000 2,000 4,600
2,500 1,500 5,500 4,000 1,500 2,000
900 2,500 4,500
8,100
3,500 4,925 1,500 4,000 2,000 1,750 1,500
1,800 3,500 9,700 12,490 1,000 3,000
500 10,500
1,750
4,000 700
2,500 3,700 4,500 1,500 5,500 1,950 8,000 1,900 2,500 8,900 2,000 1,500
5,000
5,500 5,900
7,000 3,500 1,500

189

TABLE 35.--Cont'd. PEANUTS, GROWN ALONE--ALL HAY, INCLUDING PEANUT HAY.
Acreage for 1926-1927-1929.

COUNTIES

Pierce.-. Pike Polk Pulaski.. Putnam.

Quitmau.

Rabun Randolph-. Richmond. Rockdale...

Schley-.-. Screven.-. Seminole. ScaldingStephensStewart-. Sumter.-.

Talbot Taliaf erro. Tattnall... Taylor Telfair Terrell Thomas... Tilt Toombs-- Towns Treutlen..Troup Turner Twiggs

Union Upson.

Walker.

Walton

Ware.

Warren

Washington-

Wayne

Webster

Wheeler

White

,

Whitfield

Wilcox..

Wiikes.

Wilkinson...

Worth

State totals

Peanuts Grown Alone

All Hay (Including Peanut Hay)

Acres 1926

Acres 1927

Acres 1929

Acres 1926

Acres 1927

Acres 1929

3,000 90 30 650 210
1,300
10 3,800
350 50
240 250 7,500 130
10 4,100 3,200
220 30 350 800 420 9,100 13,000 2,100 390
180 100 8,100 440
10 100
10 70 170 30 800 110 6,000 540 10 10 5,200 70 790 15,200
276,000

4,350 160 30
1,140 320
2,100
20 5,500
460
490 240 11,200 160
20 5,300 5,100
280 40 510 1,280 740 14,200 19,800 4,200 570
250 250 13,870 400
10 150
20 140 250 50 1,800 160 6,600 760
10 20 7,540 140 1,380 21,500
413,770

1,900 80 10
2,200 50
1,300
10 5,120
730 40
450 360 10,200 80 20 5,100 4,200
180 20 13,100 1,000 650 12,725 2,000 5,200 600
260 270 14,000 700
25 200
10 60 350 180 4,600 2,000 4,100 75
5 5 6,200 80 900 17,050
343,000

2,600 1,300 2,600 4,000 2,700
1,500
1,400 4,500 3,700 1,300
1,000 2,400 6,200 2,300 1,100 4,500 4,800
1,200 1,200 1,400 2,000 5,300 8,100 10,200 5,900 1,200 1,300
900 2,500 7,900 2,300
1,900 1,900
10,400 3,900 1,400
700 5,200 1,100 5,500 1,400 1,100 10,000 6,000 2,900 2,400 11,800
540,500

4,100 2,400 2,800 5,200 4,500 2,500 1,700 7,100 4,600 2,400 1,600 3,000 10,600 3,200 1,500 6,400 9,100 1,800 2,000 2,800 2,800 10,800 14,100 18,200 8,500 1,900 1,900 1,200 3,400 12,500 3,700 2,400 2,800 11,800 7,700 2,600 1,000 8,900 1,500 7,000 2,500 1,400 10,100 8,800 5,100 4,000 17,900 825,300

2,000 1,800 2,200 7,000 4,900
6,500
7,000 5,500 4,500 2,000
1,700 10,000 4.200 2,330 2,000 2,500 10,500
850 1,600 10,500 1,800 8,600 5,150 4,500 6,500 1,200 1,500
700 1,300 10,500 2,500
2,600 2,100
11,200 8,500 1,000
900 6,000 1,500 3,860 1,500 2,200 10,100 15,000 3,400 3,000 10,200
710,000

190

TABLE 36.
CARLOT SHIPMENTS OF GEORGIA PEACHES. 1921-1929.

COUNTY

Cars Cars Cars Cars Cars Cars Cars Cars Cars 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929

10

10 26 3

83

45

61 101 123 193

82 7

Ben HilL.

4

9

17

50 14

Bibb

275 223 406 556 455 463 338 344 62

32

16

17

95 158 174 166 260 123

Butts.

5

24

24

11 37

64

15

48

57

57

90

54 22

19

19

19

36

54

86

2 11 64

1

8 1

Oobb

2

28 8

3 23 2

26

26

37

47 109 477

75 608 293

143 109

70 262 260 189 218 274 109

5

2

12

25

53

15

1

1

9

5 4

*

68

39

57

95

63

73

41 210 76

29

9

13 124

77

89

81 27

Floyd

2

7

50

2 60 3

2

5

8

14

6

19

4

9

5

7

9

20 21 12

4

3

4

12

6

37

16 26

241 251 157 408 277 623

20 461 298

93

44

70

96

77

80

85 101 23

1

3

5

8

18

12

20 37 4

3

4

10

16

66 229

70 153 53

4,254 2.945 3,468 1,251 916 915 714 662 169

2

1

3

3

99

51

92 155 304 652 380 666 154

120

63 103 184 119 280

34 242 91

834 645 909 1,035 735 1,262 1,263 954 337

20

7

20

20

35

49

32 61 22

3

3

23

3 19 5

5

3

4

5

45

50

4

1

8

5

1

McDuffie

7

9

10

8

7

6

6 13 3

1,999 1,442 1,361 1,272 1,587 1,464 1,080 1,147 484

38

8

27

25

26

12

10

269 209 309 492 821 1,221 723 1,359 440

60 101

81 266 255 380 410 377 158

1

42

28 102 17

4

25 129

41 161 14

4,064 3,399 3,697 2,706 2,036 447

Pike..

134

96 184 449 518 850 473 641 268

Polk

5

3

2

3

5

4 6

1

2 14

21

5

33

26

17

34

42 61 6

200

71

82 180 172 284

30 257 33

4

9

3

9

5

16

14 18 9

Schley

3

12

15

79

99 107

91 118 43

2

3

14

81 159

61 166 56

21

16

22

15

3 18

17

2

23

10

13

12 31

120

63 104 320 507 720 337 533 139

Talbot

39

46

54 123 165 231 370 494 242

Taylor

506 465 443 543 578 472 401 347 62

Telfair

1

1

24

58

45 12

Terrell

33

5

10

47

50

85

20 57 14

2

43 144 106 290 70

-* i

3

3

33

87

81

86

60 69 15

332 257 324 888 953 1,358 1,329 1,807 713

2

8

16

5 23 6

-

Wnitfield.-

20

15

54

24

18

70

34

84

3

6

64 23

OWtihlceorxCounties--

41

17

16

29

15

28

1 5 45 6

State total

10,330 7,370 8,701 13,664 13,528 17,963 11,882 15,926 5,298

OTHER COUNTIES: Barrow shipped 5 cars in 1928 and 6 cars in 1929; Colauitt. 5 in 1926: Carroll. 4 in 1927 and 8 in 1928: Elbert. 1 in 1926; Greene. 12 in 1928: Grady. 3 in 1922; Hall. 14 in 1922; Mitchell, 12 in 1924. 5 in 1926 and 1 in 1921 ; Oconee. 17 in 1926, 15 in 1928; Quitman, 1 in 1924: Tilt, 1 in 1924; Walton. 1 in 1928; Washington. 1 in 1927. 4 in 1928: Wilkinson, 1 in 1924: Worth. 40 in 1921.
19 1

TABLE 37. CARLOT SHIPMENTS OF GEORGIA WATERMELONS.
1925-1926-1927-1928-1929.

COUNTY

Cars

Cars

Cars

Cars

1925

1926

1927

1928

Cars 1929

Appling-Atkinson. Baldwin-. B arrow... Ben Hill.. Berrien.. Bibb Bleckley.. Brantley. Brooks.. Bryan Bulloch-. Burke Calhoun .. Campbell... Oandler Chatham... Chattooga. Clayton Coffee Colauitt-- Columbia. . Cook Crawford-.. Crisp Decatur Dodge Dooly Dougherty. Early Echols Effingham. EmanueL-. Evans Fayette... Glascock. Grady Harris Henry Houston . Irwin. Jackson... Jeff Davis . Jefferson.. Jenkins-. Johnson.-. Jones Lanier-- Laurens.. Lee Lowndes. Macon. Marion Meriwether.. Mitchell McDuffie....

24 38
229 1
14 154 227
7
1,558 47 330 2
47 13 23 30 40 1,343 61 362 112 107
116 524 633
26 2
191
14
258
5 79 1,612
64
285
194 65 317
196 116
5 248 74

330 7 21 84
210 26 2
2,349 51
338 12
72 127
15 29 174 51 2,175 44 368 39 183
1 301 1,083
19 3 42 8 227
76
25 348
6 113 646
130
2 10 25 20
3 354
460 143 567
250 190 25 387 26
192

1 12
317 22 20 50 170 31
3 1,957
37 498
11
26 35 162
4 43 112 69 1,885
6 258 39 229
443 756 46
7 6 41 15 198
30
18 309
84 465
160
12 24
6 324
421 113
153 127 20 566 25

2 29
438 51 34 49 184 31 1
1,954 85
616 13
22 80 148 3 94 171 146 1,696
4 255
48 227
455 997
25
65 20 133
1 280
12 133 453
158
1 13 8 503
15 381
39 346
175 134 34 607
7

31
515 17 24 30 347 20 2
52 65 202 20 49 85 147 1,944
8 342
94 246
144 533 1,060
45
37 16 106
11
425
109 576
225
549
35 481 116 663
337 124 50 764
13

TABLE 37.--Cont'd. CARLOT SHIPMENTS OF GEORGIA WATERMELONS.
192^1926-19271928-1929.

COUNTY

Cars

Cars

Cars

Cars

Cars

1925

1926

1927

1928

1929

Paulding Peach--Pike-. Pulaski

Schley Seminole..

Tattnall

-

Taylor _

Telfair

-

Terrell

Tift.

Warren

-

Worth All other counties -

73 33 53 636 113 6
1 402 124 67 145 115 1,191 527 317
9 9 5 1 1 13 101 337 409 18

534 1 50 29 98
746 133 26
9 502 93 77 143 228 2,081 575 178 39
12 1 20 41 145 571 510 28

5 221
4 39 7 33 357 123 10 8 397 159 60 258 104 1,840 706 261 31
9 3 1 16 66 183 421 660 5

5 248 20 76
2 54 404 146 26 23 357 137 175 167 71 1,652 689 272 74
3 13 3 6 24 259 624 614 3

3 25 19 323 127 12
248 48 2,543 352 36
88 234 866
8

State totals

14,538

19,169

16,744

17,558

21,881

OTHER COUNTIES: Bacon shipped 12 cars in 1925. 6 in 1926 and 2 in 1927: Camden, 1 in 1925; Coweta. 13 in 1926; DeKalb. 3 in 1929; Greene. 1 in 1926; Gwinnett 1 in 1927; Hancock. 1 in 1929; Monroe, 1 in 1925; Montgomery. 2 in 1925 and 2 in 1926Rockdale. 2 in 1928 and 1 in 1929; Talbot. 1 in 1925 and 2 in 1929; Taliaferro. 4 in 1926Troup. 2in 1926; Toombs. 2 in 1927.1 in 1928 and 1 in 1929; Ware, 1 in 1925.

TABLE 38. NUMBER OF APPLE AND PECAN TREES, JAN. 1, 1925.
' (As Reported by TJ. S. Bureau of Census.)

COUNTY

Ben Hill Bibb

Bulloch

Butts

-

Catoosa.

APPLE TREES January 1, 1925.

Bearing

Non-Bearing

127 20 191 20 1,078 13,222 6,650 12,298 320 225 247 34 151 134 295 888 1,010 3,909 34
5 10,578
540 33,949 12,072

577 10 414 584 14,210 1,494 4,947 216 469 849 146 396 1,816 459 1,411 748 1,993 152 11 3,598 675 12,724 9,663

193

PECAN TREES January 1, 1925.

Bearing 2,783 281 2,083 1,105 5,937 43 400 345 9,407 4,455 5,675 2,388 3,227 7,100 1,174 12,277 5,326 1,071 7,748 1,615 281 2,090 1,046 34

Non-Bearing 5,664 1,247 2,289 1,905 8,625 124 905 563 5,293 8,569 20,958 6,787 4,484 6,412 1,410 12,303 2,869 33,374 2,054 4,232 2,053 42

a 1

r

TABLE 38.--Cont'd. NUMBER OF APPLE AND PECAN TREES, JAN. 1, 1925.
(As Reported bv TJ. S. Bureau of Census.)

COUNTY
Clay Clinch Cobb Coffee Colquitt-Cook- .
DeKalb Early Elbert Floyd Fulton Gllmer
Hall Hart
Lumpkln

APPLE TREES January 1. 1925.

Bearing
22 18 239 17,088 34.849 3,879 32 8,695 9 29,653 169 534 2,907 41 9,922 343 65 12,904 11,189 82 24,285 504 517 16 11.814 83 5 944 8,739 2.173 191 51,505 19,646 22,894 16,741 17,516 8,087 102,385 996 194 40,239 104 7,189 36,571 293,938 35,269 2,374 45,125 3,092 10,552 12,207 4,776 6,349 176 12.070 8,235 71 1,957 471 828 917 835 129 1,457 41 10 5,420 6 194 13,362

Non-Bearing
70 94 160 17,340 23,054 1,938 52 6,029 117 7,496 951 588 1,232 28 16,594 1,381 6,112 3,850 2,193 110 7,444 883 748 10 7,044 426 102 632 4,414 1,370 135 35,250 3,269 18,071 4.183 7,380 3,485 33,279 473 152 5,661 767 9,200 10,149 157,837 23,094 1,262 12,307 1,685 4,403 5,065 1.615 4.055 529 2,995 13,557 437 1,671 726 463 1,717 1,646 151 3,113 86 58 1,407 23 225 3,774

PECAN TREES January 1. 1925.

Bearing
3,743 3,273
870 1,216
69 2.546 1,403
480 1,350
564 2,686 8,353 1,630 1,612 2,100 1,820 15,248
26 12,508 3,300 3.996 12.273 477,981
230 1,840
893 4,645
715 5,491 4,812
230 602 60 1,574 293
1,732 2,911
145 21,556 2,599
1,236 13
125 8,190
183 1,869 1,588
167 518 8,796 2,328 1,509 1.901 1.767 1,778 2,303 1,379 576 13,026 1,002 5,743 47,590 1,138 361 1,298 5,224

Non-Bearing
2,588 1,871 1.174 1.393
85 8,795 6,493 4,208 1.653
662 8.861 15,242 5.647 7,122 7,876 3,136 38.399
69 7,543
458 59,374 19,702 217,975
54 4,037 1,533 4,135 1,434 12,361 7,822
551 574 137 356 457
3,859 2,141
186 17,719 1,026
1,047 112 917
7,700 471
5,137 4,243 1,269
310 25,464
5.101 942
10,085 4,077 3,725 4,971 2,180 8,746 19,975
906 13,440 108,812 3,522
439 1,811 3,855

194

TABLE 38. Cont'd. NUMBER OF APPLE AND PECAN TREES, JAN. 1, 1925.
(As Reported by U. S. Bureau of Census.)

COUNTY
McDuffie Mclntosh Macon Madison Marlon Merlwether Miller Milton Mitchell Monroe Montgomery. Morgan Murray Muscogee Newton Oconee Oglethorpe... Paulding Peach Pickens Pierce Pike Polk Pulaski Putnam Quitman Rabun Randolph Richmond Rockdale Schley Screven Seminole Spalding Stephens Stewart Sumter Talbot.. Taliaferro Tattnall Taylor Telfair Terrell. Thomas Tift Toombs Towns Treutlen Troup Turner Twiggs Union TJpson Walker Walton Ware Warren Washington-. Wayne.. Webster Wheeler White Whitfield Wilcox Wilkes Wilkinson Worth
State totals-

APPLE TREES January 1, 1925.

Bearing
1,607 5
417 7,663 12,942
19 16,202
16 687 84 1,942 15,015 45 9,518 3,343 6,832 16,724 231 17,057 164 4,095 13,950 181 1,750 126 36,333 28 757 6,118 20 1,396 32 4,811 16,698 279 205 1,929 2,595 179 452 431 113 279 47 125 15,564 219 6,125 263 3,381 31,078 2,901 47,336 9,076 59 103 2,603 313 306 163 26,416 22,574 137 5,276 860 91
1,442,122

Non-Bearing
1,841 14 899
3,479
17,438 110
8,015 24
1,727 157 928
11,509 80
1,867 4,587 3,458 3,849
417 10,185
114 4,512 4,897
293 711 142 15,245 49 2,935 822 40 948 47 10,772 7,959 492 461 8,516 1,155 578 260 437 93 687 105 64 6,721 277 3,839 233 384 8,053 4,603 22,881 11,047 339 20 1,567 399 334 142 22,943 7,918 190 3,099 1,454 943
775,683

PECAN TREES January 1, 1925.

Bearing
1,131 2,415 21,432
442 1,676 3,524 1,305
43 34,744 1,437 2,721 1,216
44 1,406 1,733
631 697 114 16,681 27 7,443 1,656 208 4,222 1,420 657
5,533 982 967 150
4,110 2,585 1,825
327 5.601 29,310 1,922 1,630 6,195
847 15,246 11,890 26,297 5,969 5,257
15 920 1,752 3,726 1,026
3,461 128
2,275 9,778 14,417 3,712 9,163 12,280 5,926
21 90 2,904 3,938 1,960 3,831
1,115,865

Non-Bearing
5,479 3,591 35,458
350 5,122 20,816 1,482
101 67,524 3,025 9,325
1,905 156
1,020 1,195
446 650 192 15,881
11 11,021 24,854
123 38,256 3,186 7,528
70,737 3,571
389 1,868 5,333 2,392 6,816
337 12,169 84,916 2,230
1,678 14,349 2,868 21,778 16,614 53,406 7,349 11,767
39 1,293 9,421 5,131 4,155
20,906 266
1,851 17,895 9,252 24,818 3,691 6,496 10,541
12 556 6,473 1,180 2,049 9,314
1,573,301

195

TABLE 39. GEORGIA COMMERCIAL PEACH ORCHARDS. (Only orchards of 500 trees or more recorded. All trees 2 years or older. Census by State Board of Entomology, in spring of 1930.)

COUNTY

Number of
Orchards

Total Number of
Trees

Number Trees Abandoned

Remaining Number
Bearing Trees

Baldwin Ben Hill Bibb Butts Carroll Clarke Cobb Coffee
DeKalb Elbert Floyd
Hall

8

14

21

30

A

2

-

B

24

A

11

14

29,600 61,180 29,125 101,650 10,900 165,300 110,600 39,775

6

5

22

27

8

6

9

A

4

3

72

B

76

5,900 7,460 80,450 64,575 19,500 20,500 28,450 4,500 24,800 328,500 415,462

5

2

B

8

6

6,670 1,500 50,800 48,000

A

5

5,600

22

83,700

16

29,200

A

4

11

1

9

15,500 32,150 8,000 9,050

59 5 14 15 2 1 22 B-C 82

280,950 12,800 67,300 37,180 16,500 11,000 121,400 671,470

A

1

4,000

19 B-C 90 B-C 125

127,250 425,925 1,010,900

8

A

7

6

46,400 18,200 54,500

A-D 125

A

1

107

B

49

11

1,376,000 2,000
770,511 274,650 51,000

13

44,250

6

24,500

2

6,500

20 4 1 7,437 5,000 5,567 6 1 3,755 3 6 1 14 3,613 4,668
6,124 14,255
10,041 4
1,525 6,065 8,405
1 6 154 34,797
66 11,495 20,936
317 1,000 10,850 376,000 31,703 4,166
38 31 3 2

29,580 61,176 29,125 101,649 10,900 157,863 105,600 34,208 5,894 7,459 76,695 64,572 19,494 20,499 28,436
4,500 24,800 324,887 410,794 6,670
1,500 44,676 33,745 5,600 73,659 29,196 15,500 32,150 8,000 9,050 279,425 12,800 61,235 28,775 16,499 10,994 121,246 636,673
4,000 127,184 414,430 989,964 46,083 17,200 43,650 1,000,000
2,000 738,808 270,484 50,962 44,219 24,497
6,498

196

TABLE 39.--Con't. GEORGIA COMMERCIAL PEACH ORCHARDS. (Only orchards of 600 trees or more recorded. All trees 2 years or olderCensus by State Board of Entomology, in spring of 1930.)

COUNTY

Number Pf
Orchards

Total Number of
Trees

Number Trees Abandoned

Remaining Number
Bearing Trees

Pike

Talbot Taylor Terrell

-- ---

Walker

Whitfield .-

B-C 38

1

46

3

A

2

14

21

A

6

B

4

39

2

A

2

B

27

67 1 B-C 24 A-D 4 2 27 A-C 6

97

20

3

4

1

A

1

4

14

A

2

1,703

362,100 8,500
295,035 21,000 17,000 80,200 104,405 22,050 39,500 201,850 2,450 14,000 286,900 367,605 48,000 107,510 27,500 17,000 113,575 44,100 896,660 72,450
7,000 48,000 2,000 4,500 3,000 45,900 11,500 10,564,873

12,737 1,304
50 6,680
556 672
27,700 540 304
8,080 389
6,500 6,873 6,001 5,002
27
2
651,497

349,363 8,500
293,731 21,000 17,000 80,150 97,725 22,050 38,944 201,178 2,450 14,000 259,200 365,065 48,000 107,206 27,500 8,920 113,186 37,600 889,787 66,449 7,000 42,998
1,973 4,500 3,000 45,898 11,500 9,911,376

Note (A) not inspected: (B) only partial inspection; (C) survey not made or incomplete: (D) No survey, estimated.

197

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August, September __ October . November.., December

July August September October. _ _ November. December.

202

TABLE 41. SUMMARY LIVE STOCK ON GEORGIA FARMS.
December 31, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929. (U. S. Department of Agriculture Estimates.)

ITEM

Year

[

1929

Horses and colts

<

1928

1927

1926

1929

Mules and mule colts..- j

1928

1927

1926

1929

Total horses and

{

1928

mules including colts

1927

1926

Milk cows and heifers (

1929

(2 yrs. olds kept for {

1928

milking)

I

1927

1926

1929

Heifers (1 to 2 yrs. old \

1928

kept for milk cows)... 1

1927

1926

1929

All cattle and calves \

1928

(Including milk cows

1927

1926

1929

Swine (including pigs) j

1928

1927

1926

1929

Sheep and lambs

j

1928

1927

'

1926

TOTAL VALUE

f

1929

(Horses, mules, all 1

1928

cattle, sheep, lambs i

1927

and Swine

._ 1

1926

Number on Farms
37,001) 39,000 41,000 46.000 347,000 344,000 357,000 347,000 384,000 383,000 398.000 393,000 350,000 343,000 346.000 343,000 81,000 77,000 81,000 77,000 846,000 820,000 863,000 854,000 1.154,000 1,228,000 1,424,000 1,187,000 49,000 48,000 52,000 51,000

Value (1) Per Head $ 76.00
78.00 78.00 73.00 105.00 109.00 105.00 95.00 102.03 105.66 101.90 92.00 49.00 49.00 42.00 36.00 19.00 19.00 19.00 19.00 31.40 31.00 27.00 22.00 9.40 8.20 9.40 9.00 4.20 4.00 3.80 3.60

Total Value December 31 $ 2,826,000
3,056,000 3,214,000 3,385,000 36,355,000 37,412,000 37,348,000 32,879,000 39,181,000 40,468,000 40,562,000 36,264,000 17,150,000 16,807,000 16.954,000 12,348,000 1,539,000 1,463,000 1,539,000 1,463,000 26,545,000 25,443,000 24,915,000 18,917,000 10,894,000 10,117,000 9.968,000 10,683,000
205,000 190,000 195,000 182,000 $ 76,825,000 76,218,000 75,640,000 66.046,000

Note

(1) Value per head derived by div iding total value represents su m of values by ige groups.

val ae

by

total

nu mber.

Total

TABLE 42. CATTLE ON GEORGIA FARMS.
January 1, 1927, 1928, 1930.

COUNTY Appling. Atkinson Bacon... Baker-- Baldwin. Banks... Barrow.. Bartow.. Ben Hill. Berrien.. Bibb Bleckley. Brantley. Brooks .. Bryan ... Bulloch. Burke ... Butts

MILK COWS On Farms Jan. I

ALL OTHER CATTLE On Farms Jan. 1

TOTAL CATTLE On Farms Jan. 1

1927* 1928* 1930X

800 100 800 700 2,500 2,000 1,600 2,700 1,500 1,900 3,700 900 1,800 3,100 500 4,700 3,300 1,700

800 100 800 700 2,600 2,000 1,700 2,800 1,500
1,1 3,800
900 1,700 3,000
500 4,600 3,300 1,800

500 200 500 1,500 2,500 2,400 2,000 3,000 2,800 2,800 4,000 1,000 1,300 2,100 250 2,500 1,500 1,900

1927*
11.500 6,400 5,800 5,300 2,200
700 400 1,200 2,100 8,500 1,000 1,600 7,100 5,200 5,000! 11,6001 2,000] 1.800l

1928*
10,300 6,600 5,900 5,000 2,600
500 300 1,100 2,200 8,200 1,100 1.500 7,400 5,100 5,100 10,100 2,300 1.800

1930x
9,000 4,600 3,500 6,500 2,500
600 1,000 1,500 5,000 7,000 2,000 1,500 4,000 3,000 10,000 15,000 1,000 1.700

1927*
12,300 6,500 6,600 6,000 4,700 2,700 2,000 3,900 3,600 10,400 4,700 2,500 8,900 8,300 5,500 16,300 5,300 3,500

1928* 11,100 6.700 6,700 5,700 5,200 2,500 2,000 3,900 3,700 10,000
4,900 2,400 9,100 8,100 5,600 14,700 5,600 3,600

1930x 9,500 4,800 4,000 8,000 5,000 3,000 3,000 4,500 7,800 9,800 6,000 2,500 5,300 5,100 10,250 17,500 2,500 3,600

203

TABLE 42. Cont'd. CATTLE ON GEORGIA FARMS.
January 1, 1927, 1928, 1930.

COUNTY

MILK COWS On Farms Jan. 1

ALL OTHER CATTLE On Farms Jan. 1

TOTAL CATTLE On Farms Jan. 1

1927* 1928* 1930x 1927* 1928* 1930x 1927* 1928* 1930x

Chattahoocb.ee.--

Chattooga

---

Clay
Clinch Cobb Coffee Colauitt
Cook

Crisp Dade

DeKalb Dodge Dooly Dougherty..
Early Echols Effingham Elbert

Floyd

Gordon

Habersham Hall

Hart.

Irwin

--

Johnson Jones... Lamar
Laurens Lee.. Liberty

1,400 600
2,300
1,800 5,500 2,400
600 2,500
800 2,300 3,000 1,300 1,100 2,000
900 4,300 1,900 5,000 2,000 1,000 3,000 1,200 2,300
900
800 3,900
6,600 3,800 2,300 1,600 1,700
4,100 100
1,900 3,700 4,300 1,200 2,100 1,600
4,000 2,400 3,700 3,100 1,600
600 700 2,600 3,500 3,300 4,600
1,700 3,400 2,600 2,600 2,300
3,600 2,400 2,400 1,300
2,100 2,900 2,300 1,200
1,800 1,400 1,400 2,400
900 500
4,501 1.40C
60C

1,300 600
2,400 1,700 5,700 2,200
600 2,400
800 2,300 3,100
1,400 1,000 2,100
900 4,400
1,800 5,000 2,100
900 3,100 1,300 2,200
900 800 3,800 6,900
3,800 2,200 1,600 1,700 4,000
100 1,800 3,900
4,400 1,200 2,200 1,700 3,800
2,500 3,900
3,200 1,600
600 700
2,500 3,400 3,500 4,700 1,600
3,400 2,700 2,700 2,400
3,700 2,500 2,500 1,400
2,000 3,000 2,500 1,200 1,800
1,300 1,500
2,600 1,000
500
4,500 1,300
60C

2,500 250
1,800 2,000
5,000 1,100
300 2.800
800
2,500 4,000 2,200 1,200 2,000
450 5,000 2,000 5,000 1,800 1,800 1,800 1,500 3,000
1,000 800
2,700 6,100 2,600
1,700 1,500 1,750 2,700
100 1,350 2,500 4,500
1,200 2,100 1,500 4,500 2,000 3,600
2,500 1,500
500 400 3,000
4,500 3,600
5,100 1,200 3,000 4,600 3,000 2,900 3,500
1,800 1,700 1,700
3,000 4,000 3,200
800
2,000 800
1,500
4,500 800 400
7,100
1,200 2.00C

1,500 5,800 1,200 3,500 2,500
300 9,000
900 1,700 1,300 1,100
600 1,900
700 14,800
1,400 13,700 11,900
2,600 4,400 2,300 1,400 2,500
800 500 10,600 1,400 4,700 2,300 1,700 400 5,200 5,400 5,800 1,500 6,200 3,400 1,600 100 1,600 900 1,200 600 1,800 500 5,400 1,400 10,600 800 2,000 900 1,200 1,900 2,200 3,400 600 2,300 800 1,800 5,300 1,300 1,800 5,900 2.60C 2.90C 1.70C 1.60C l.OOC 4,10( 5,60( 1,30( 9,90(
204

1,500 5,900 1,100 3,300 3,300
200 9,400 1,200 1,800
1,500 1,100
500 2,300
300 15,100 1,900 13,200 11,000 2,700
4,500 2,700 1,500 3,000
600 500
11,400 1,900 4,400 2,600 1,900
600 4,800 5,600 6,100 2,100 6,800
3,500 1,600
200 1,000
900
1,300 600
2,000 500
5,500
1,100 10,000
900 1,600
700
1,400 2,200 2,200 2,600
900 2,200 1,000 1,900
5,500 1,300 2,200
6,100 3,200 3,200 2,000
1,700 1,400 3,900
4,700 1.10C 9.90C

2,000 3,200
400
3,100 3,000
200
3,000 500
2,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 2,500
200 8,200
2,000 12,000 20,000
2,150 3,500 1,300 1,800 3,000 3,500
500 7,500 2,000 7,000 1,600 3,000
500
2,500 3,500 10,000 2,000 4,700 3,800
1,500 100
2,000 1,500 1,200
1,400 1,800
300 5,000 2,000
5,500 2,200 2,200
2,200 1,200 2,500 2,400 3,500
3,000 1,500 1,200 2,500
5,000 4,200 3,300 4,500
3,000 1,700 2,400
3,000 1,200 2.80C
2.20C 1.50C 5.50C

2,900 2,800 4,500

6,400 6,500 3,450

3,500 3,500 2,200

5,300 5,000 5,100

8,000 9,000 8,000

2,700 2,400 1,300

9,600 10,000 3,300

3,400 3,600 3,300

2,500 2,600 2,800

3,600 3,800 4,500

4,100 4,200 5,000

1,900 1,900 3,200

3,000 3,300 3,700

2,700 2,400 2,200

15,700 16,000 8,650

5,700 6,300 7,000

15,600 15,000 14,000

16,900 16,000 25,000

4,600 4,800 3,950

5,400 5,400 5,300

5,300 5,800 3,100

2,600 2,800 3,300

4,800 5,200 6,000

1,700 1,500 4,500

1,300 1,300 1,300

14,500 15,200 10,200

8,000 8,800 8,100

8.500 8,200 9,600

4,600 4,800 3,300

3,300 3,500 4,500

2,100 2,300 2,250

9,300 8,800 5,200

5,500 5,700 3,600

7,700 7,900 11,350

5,200 6,000 4,500

10,500 11,200 9,200

4,600 4,700 5,000

3,700 3,800 3,600

1,700 1,900 1,600

5,600 4,800 6,500

3,300 3,400 3,500

4,900 5,200 4,800

3,700 3,800 3,900

3,400 3,600 3,300

1,100 1,100

800

6,100 6,200 5,400

4,000 3,600 5,000

14,100 13,400 10,000

4,100 4,400 5,800

6,600 6,300 7,300

2,600 2,300 3,400

4,600 4,800 4,200

4,500 4,900 7,100

4,800 4,900 5,400

5,700 5,000 6,400

4,200 4,600 6,500

4,700 4,700 3,300

3,200 3,500 2,900

3,100 3,300 4,200

7,400 7,500 8,000

4,200 4,300 8,200

4,100 4,700 6,500

7,100 7,300 5,300

4,400 5,000 5,000

4.30C 4,500 2,500

3,10C 3.50C 3,900

4.00C 4.30C 7,500

1.90C 2.40C 2,000

4,60( 4,40( 3,200

10,10( 9,20( 9,300

2,70( 2,40( 2,700

10,50( 1 10,50( 1 7,500

TABLE 42.--Cont'd. CATTLE ON GEORGIA FARMS.
January 1, 1927, 1928, 1930.

COUNTY

MILK COWS On Farms Jan. 1

ALL OTHER CATTLE On Farms Jan. 1

TOTAL CATTLE On Farms Jan. 1

1927* 1928* 1930x 1927* 1928* 1930x 1927* 1928* 1930x

McDuffie Madison Marion Meri wether Mitchell Montgomery
Oglethorpe
Pike Polk
Schley
Talbot
Telfair Terrell . Tift
Walker Walton Washington
White Whitfield Wilcox Wilkes Worth....

1,600 1,700 1,500

300

400

500 1,900 2,100 2,000

600 600 200 6,500 6,300 18,000 7,100 6,900 18,200

2,800 2,700 2,550 9,200 9,900 6,200 12,000 12,600 8,750

1,000 1,000 1,100

600

600

600 1,600 1,600 1,700

- 1,300 1,400 1,800 1,200 1,100 1,200 2,500 2,500 3,000

200 200 150 4,500 4,500 15,000 4,700 4,700 15,150

1,700 1,800 1,800 2,000 2,300 3,200 3,700 4,100 5,000

2,900 3,000 2,500

300

800

850 3,200 3,800 3,350

1,500 1,500 1,400 1,600 1,200 1,200 3,100 2,700 2,600

3,400 3,500 3,500 2,800 2,000 2,500 6,200 5,500 6,000

2,100 2,000 1,500 6,100 5,800 2,500 8,200 7,800 4,000

1,400 1,400 1,500

300

400

600 1,700 1,800 2,100

3,700 3,800 4,000 8,000 7,300 9,000 11,700 11,100 13,000

2,000 2,100 6,000 1,900 2,600 1,500 3,900 4,700 7,500

1,800 1,700 2,000 3,600 3,200 3,000 5,400 4,900 5,000

2,700 2,900 4,100 1,100 1,700 1,900 3,800 4,600 6,000

1,800 1,700 1,800 1,000 1,000 3,000 2,800 2,700 4,800

1,200 1,300 2,000

500

300

800 1,700 1,600 2,800

3,300 3,600 3,000

500 1,000 1,800 3,800 4,600 4,800

1,600 1,700 1,750

300

400 1,500 1,900 2,100 3,250

- 2,900 3,000 3,700 1,500 1,800 2,300 4,400 4,800 6,000

2,200 2,000 3,000

700

500 1,000 2,900 2,500 4,000

600 600 1,400

600

700 1,000 1,200 1,300 2,400

1,200 1,200 1,300

800

900

900 2,000 2,100 2,200

900 900 1,500 8,700 8,800 6,500 9,600 9,700 8,000

-- 1,500 1,600 1,300 2,400 2,400 2,400

800 600

600 800

500 2,300 2,200 1,800 800 3,000 3,200 3,200

1,100 1,100 1,400

500

500

800 1,600 1,600 2,200

3,000 3,200 3,000 1,600 1,700 2,800 4,600 4,900 5,800

1,000 900 600 1,100 1,100 1,500 2,100 2,000 2,100

1,300 1,400 1,000 1,300 1,600 4,000 2,600 3,000 5,000

2,600 2,500 3,000 2,400 2,000 2,000 5,000 4,500 5,000

2,700 2,700 2,800

800

800 2,000 3,500 3,500 4,800

1,100 1,200 1,000

700

800 1,000 1,800 2,000 2,000

900 900 1,200

700

800 1,500 1,600 1,700 2,700

3,300 3,200 1,500 7,900 9,000 9,000 11,200 12,200 10,500

1,300 1,200 1,000 14,100 13,000 6,800 15,400 14,200 7,800

1,700 1,800 2,400 1,000 1,300 1,600 2,700 3,100 4,000

1,900 2,000 1,800

900

900 1,500 2,800 2,900 3,300

1,800 1,700 1,100 2,600 2,300 1,800 4,400 4,000 2,900

2,600 2,600 5,000 1,800 2,200 1,500 4,400 4,800 6,500

2,100 2,200 3,000 2,900 3,200 3,300 5,000 5,400 6,300

1,600 1,700 1,650

600

700

600 2,200 2,400 2,250

1,500 1,600 1,500 8,000 7,700 4,000 9,500 9,300 5,500

900 900 1,600 1,500 1,400 2,000 2,400 2,300 3,600

3,800 3,700 2,500 5,900 6,200 3,000 9,700 9,900 5,500

1,900 1,900 1,200 1,900 2,100 2,000 3,800 4,000 3,200

5,300 5,100 3,000 8,100 7,000 4,000 13,400 12,100 7,000

2,500 2,500 3,000 4,200 4,500 6,000 6,700 7,000 9,000

1,500 1,500 1,400 6,200 6,600 3,600 7,700 8,100 5,000

1,200 1,200 700 2,400 2,400 1,900 3,600 3,600 2,600

1,300 1,300 800 3,000 3,000 2,100 4,300 4,300 2,900

3,400 3,500 2,000 1,900 2,300 2,000 5,300 5,800 4,000

2,600 2,500 2,500 3,200 3,600 2,000 5,800 6,100 4,500

1,300 1,400 1,300 2,100 2,500 2,200 3,400 3,900 3,500

1,700 1,700 1,800 1,200 1,200 1,200 2,900 2,900 3,000

2,500 2,500 2,600 1,500 1,200 1,200 4,000 3,700 3,800

4,400 4,200 5,400 2,600 2,500 2,700 7,000 6,700 8,100

3,000 3,100 3,500 1,200 1,300 1,000 4,200 4,400 4,500

2,200 2,000 1,750 11,100 11,200 4,500 13,300 13,200 6,250

1,200 1,300 1,200

800

700 1,000 2,000 2,000 2,200

3,100 3,300 3,300 3,200 3,800 4,500 6,300 7,100 7,800

2,100 2,100 3,400 11,300 11,600 4,900 13,400 13,700 8,300

400 400 300 1,200 1,100 1,000 1,600 1,500 1,300

1,300 1,300 1,300 3,800 3,800 2,100 5,100 5,100 3,400

800 800 800

700

600 2,000 1,500 1,400 2,800

2,500 2,400 3,000

700

500

500 3,200 2,900 3,500

2,400 2,300 1,100 2,800 3,000 2,700 5,200 5,300 3,800

3,500 3,600 3,700 1,400 1,100

700 4,900 4,700 4,400

1,200 1,300 500 1,600 2,100 1,500 2,800 3,400 2,000

3,700 3,600 3,000 4,900 5,800 4,200 8,600 9,400 7,200

State total

343,400 346,4011 351,900 510,200 517,000 496,600 853,600 863,400 848,500

*As estimated by U. S. Department of Agriculture. xAs estimated by State Department of Agriculture.

205

Carlot Sales of Georgia Hogs in 1929
Each dot inside a county represents one co-operative sale of hogs held in that county during 1929. At each sale, one or more cars were sold, often several cars. The map indicates the counties where hogs are being bred for commercial purposes and sold co-operatively.
Compiled from combined reports to State Bureau ol Markets and the Division of Agricultural Economics. State College of Agriculture. 206

COUNTY

TABLE 43. SWINE ON GEORGIA FARMS.
January 1, 1927, 1928, 1930.

Number Head on Farms January!

COUNTY

Number Head on Farms January 1

1927*

1930x

Appling. Atkinson

Bacon Baker Baldwin Banks Barrow Bartow Ben Hill Berrien Bibb Bleckley Brantley Brooks.--Bryan Bulloch Burke Butts

Calhoun

Camden

Campbell

Candler

Carroll

Catoosa..

Charlton

Chatham

Chattahoochee

Chattooga

Cherokee

Clarke--.

Clay.--

-

Clayton

Clinch

Cobb

Coffee

Colquitt

Columbia

Cook

Coweta--

Crawford

Crisp

Dade Dawson-- Decatur DeKalb-Dodge.. Dooly.. Dougherty Douglas ...

Early Echols Effingham Elbert EmanuelEvans

Tannin Fayette Floyd Forsyth

13,600 13,900 14,000 Franklin-- 5,300 6,200 8,500 Fulton

8,100 12,800 4,900
1,400 1,200 2,000 5,400 15,500 4,100 12,700 6,400 26,000 8,600 25,200 17,100 3,100
7,100 5,400 1,100 12,000 4,100
900 6,600 2,000 2,000 2,400 2,100 1,500 4,1 1,300 6,000 2,300 20,700 25,700 4,1 15,900 4,600 4,200 11,900

9.500 13,200 7,200 1,500 1,400 2,400 5, 19, 5,600 17,900 6,900 23,000 8,000 29,000 22,700 4,000
8,700 6,100 1,400 13,000 5,600 1,200 5,900 2,300 2,500 2,900 2,400 1,900 4,700 1,600 6,1 2,900 27,400 39,600 5,200 18,200 5,400 4,700 12,300

6,000 10,000 5,000 1,600 3.000 1,500 7,500 14,000 4,000 15,500 8,000 22,000 5,000 25,000 17,900 3,500
9,000 3,800 1,200 5,000 5,000 1,000 5,000 3,200 2,200 1,800 3,000 1,500 4,200 1,400 5,000 2,500 18,000 40,000 6,000 12,500 4,000 4,100 8,000

Gilmer Glaseock Glynn Gordon Grady Greene Gwinnett-HabershamHall Hancock-- Haralson Harris Hart Heard Henry Houston Irwin Jackson Jasper Jeff DavisJeff erson-- Jenkins Johnson Jones Lamar Lanier Laurens Lee Liberty Lincoln Long Lowndes-- Lumpkin McDuffie Mclntosh--

1,800 900
23,000 1,700 18,500
16,600 4,900 1,400
17,300 3,700 12,900 3,300 21,700 8,100
3,100 2,200 2,600 2,000

1,900 1,100 29,500 1,1 25,200 16,400 5,700 1,400
20,000 4,900 13,1 4,500 19,900 9,100
3,700 2,900 2,700 2,600

700 1,100 20,000 2,200 18,000 18,000 5,000 1,500
14,500 3,500 14,000 3,000 14,000 9,000
3,400 3,500 2,000 3,300

Macon Madison Marion Meriwether.. Miller Milton Mitchell Monroe Montgomery Morgan Murray Muscogee... . Newton Oconee Oglethorpe-. Paulding Peach.

2,

3,600 3,000

2,000 2,100 2,000

3,000 3,800 5,900 1,600 30,400 2, 2,700

4,300 4,100 5,800 1,800 43,000 3,400 2,700

3,100 2,000 4,500 1,500 30,000 3,200 3,000

1,900 3,000 7,100 1,400 5,000 3,100 3,200 3,400 6,900

2,200 3,200 7,400 2,400 5,400 4,900 3,300 3,500 8,500

3,000 3,500 4,000 2,500 7,500 4,300 1,300 2,950 9,000

21,000 22,600 15,500

2,400 3,900 10,100 10,600 10,000 6,400 4,60(1

3,100 4,700 13,400 11,400 11,800 8,200 5,600

6,500 4,800 12,000 12,000 21,000 4,000 4,000

2,300 5,500 27,800 8,100 7,000 1,500 6,300 20,200 1,200

4,000 4,900 27,500 9,400 7,600 2,200 7,100 17,900
1,500

4,300 6,500 19,000 8,700 5,500 2,000 9,000 21,000 1,600

3,600 3,600 4,000

3,1

4,:

5,000

9,400 2,200 3,400 7,200 17,200
900 30,800 2,200 10,900 2,600 1,700 1,100

12,000 2,400 3,500 10,700 21,600 1,300 40,500 2,300 10,200 3,400 1,900 1,400

7,000 2,800 4,400 8,000 14,000
1,500
30,000 3,000
10,000
5,200
1,800
1,500

2,800 4,000 3,500

1,400 1,600 1,500 3,300 4,500 3,500

1,600 2,100 1,900 3,100 3,800 3,850

207

COUNTY

TABLE 43. Con't. SWINE ON GEORGIA FARMS.
January 1, 1927, 1928, 1930.

Number Head on Farms January 1
1927* 1928* 1930X

COUNTY

Number Head on Farms January 1
1927* 1928* 1930X

Plckens Pike. Polk.
Quitman
Richmond Schley
Stephens Stewart Sumter.,Talbot Taliaferro. Tattnall Taylor Terrell

900 10,900 3,200 2,200 8,000 2,400 2,900 4,000 9,300 4,800 1,200 3,300 21,600 13,700 3,300 1,800 5,600 11,300 2,800 2,200 18,900 5,200 15,400 11,200

1,300 12,800 4,000 2,300 8,300 2,300 3,300 4,400 9,600 4,300 1,800 4,500 22,300 15,700 4,500 2,300 6,100 12,200 3,000 2,200 26,800 6,600 16,900 13,700

1,400 10,000 3,400 2,100 9,500 4,700 2,000 2,600 9,800 5,000 1,500 5,000 18,000 10,000 4,000 2,400 4,100 15,000 3,500 1,200 18,000 4,500 15,350 19,850

Tift
Walker Walton Ware WashingtonWhite Whttfleld-- Wilkes Worth
Total

27,200 10,400 13,800 3,500 9,300 5,100 10,700 6,900

33,400 15,800 18,200 4,500 11,400 6,800 14,700 11,600

28,000 11,000 14,000 4,000 10,000 3,000

3,700 3,600 3,600 2,900 4,400 4,000

3,200 3,100 8,200 4,200 20,000 14,800 3,000 9,400 1,200 1,200 9,400 3,700 5,800 23,900

3,400 3,500 9,500 4,500 31,400 15,900 3,200 12,000 1,300 1,300 14,700 3,700 9,700 37,600

3,500 4,000 12,000 3,800 18,000 7,000 2,300 8,000 1,500 1,250 12,000 3,000 9,800 24,150

1187,100 1424,200 1189,000

As estimated by U. S. Department of Agriculture. xAs estimated by State Department of Agriculture.

TABLE 44. CHICKENS ON GEORGIA FARMS.
1925 and 1930.

#

= >

C<M

"S cn

CO

co

COUNTY

COUNTY

li.'-

it
!

CT-"
St
<D 3

S"1 o

-u. u

o -

Appllng-. Atkinson. Bacon Baker Baldwin.. Banks Bartow-.. Barrow-. Ben Hill Berrien.Bibb Bleckley.. Brantley. Brooks.-. Bryan Bulloch-. Burke

38,342 17,275 22,146 24,162 21,631 43,820 81,423 37,488 29,814 39,823 33,636 29,350 23,192 60,271 21,566 126,488 66,833

53,372 26,465 31,780 36,702 36,167 88,823 128,485 92,745 48,746 60,969 45,779 43,555 28,758 96,675 19,690 198,333 116,423

35,000 Butts 17,000 Calhoun. 54,000 Camden.48,000 Campbell 53,000 Candler-. 53,000 Carroll--. 78,000 Catoosa.. 36,000 Charlton37,000 Chatham. 48,000 Chattahoochee 48,000 Chattooga 36,000 Cherokee-. 19,000 Clarke 65,000 Clay 26,000 Clayton.-138,000 Clinch 84,000 Cobb
208

37,277 22,043 10,918 41,807 41,645 179,040 38,723 13,475 21,586 14,863 56,017 81,501 36,910 18,199 41,299 14,367 97,485

68,962 40,824 17,076 61,414 82,124 312,067 51,424 14,742 16,470 23,379 84,138 126,164 62,415 27,590 59,801 11,738 189,218

49,000 29,000 9,000 51,000 42,000 245,000 51,000 12,000 27,000 19,000 71,000 101,000 45,000 22,000 43,000 18,000 120,000

Community Sales of Georgia Poultry in 1929
Each dot inside a county represents one community sale of poultry held in that county during 1929. At each sale, a car or a part of a car was loaded. The map indicates the counties, where poultry is being bred for commercial purposes.
Compiled from combined reports to State Bureau of Markets and the Division of Agricultural Economics. State College of Agriculture. 209

TABLE 44.--Cont'd. CHICKENS ON GEORGIA FARMS.
1925 and 1930.

Chickens Raised on Farms During 1924.*

COUNTY

C CM
u. ^
It
c9 3
Io-oEx-ac1

^a<nt .a?_t
3OCQ= eg
CO c
8

CO
lill.*-
S 3 -oX Cd O

COUNTY

s'
C CM
"".
it
co a3 J C
Eow-efl1

rt >
f
It
cat a3 .o* c
o->

Colquitt Cook

Decatur DeKalb
Dougherty .. Early .-
Elbert Emanuel Fannin Floyd Forsyth.. Franklin Fulton.Glaseock Gordon...

Habersham-- Hall Hancock

Hart..

-

Jeff Davis Jefferson Jenkins. Jones.-
Laurlns ... Lee Lincoln.. Lowndes .Lumpkin McDuffie Mclntosh. Macon... Madison

59,816 89,416 32,735 41,333 69,497 33,285 33,697 20,803 21,989 51,272 77,221 63,691 56,905 22,892 46,748 52,810 9,457 43,845 74,005 75,644 25,629 41,680 41,403 82,705 64,192 78,471 34,083 42,546 18,079 12,872 68,565 71,097 40,301 106,547 43,205 84,722 40 ,74 61,049 39,228 66,982 50,019 69,364 30,378 53,843 69,698 45,514 23,546 64,810 39,656 32,399 23,615 21,523 15,207 101,069 26,734 19,569 31,906 11,449 55,615 25,417 28,272
8,325 37,026 64,389

95,706 150,308 79,873 56,130 120,508 53,323 61,093 26,108 36,451 81,779 117,453 104,581 91,109 29,920 67,364 70,818 10,734 46,958 190,267 141,833 38,059 61,020 60,490 149,944 122,735 200,807 68.132 70,414 32,416 17,326 119,783 114,253 83,705 200,948 80,880 174,443 93,265 94,504 86,223 178,172 93,836 118,127 55,166
80,657 149,293 83,018 44,525 116,399 55,043 60,392 34,502 39,409 21,046 185,057 38,631 33,561 78,010 16,475 79,974 41,201 57,562
13,428 44,913 171,210

75,000

24,948 65,039 50,000

109,000 Meriwether

63,917 118,310 78,000

50,000 Miller

26,620 44,722 32,000

52,000

38,285 91,731 58,000

88,000 Mitchell.

- 86,545 150,242 107,000

42,000

30,035 41,749 37,000

44,000 Montgomery--. 28,027 46,497 58,000

25,000 Morgan

56,305 73,253 75,000

26,000

46,123 94,229 78,000

63,000 Muscogee

11,021 15,154 15,000

97,000 Newton.-

47,708 88,641 69,000

78,000 Oconee

. 36,283 77,065 45,000

70,000 Oglethorpe

59,744 144,043 75,000

26,000 Paulding 57,000

58,768 106,194 73,000 16,281 30,673 19,000

65,000 Pickens

34,406 60,967 42,000

12,000 Pierce

39,708 53,010 60,000

53,000 Pike

38,493 69,056 48,000

81,000 Polk

59,454 90,251 73,000

93,000 Pulaski

24,233 34,338 29,000

51,000 Putnam

28,254 63,232 32,000

51,000 Ouitman..

11,616 22,219 34,000

52,000

19,299 32,345 57,000

103,000 Randolph

40,787 72,560 61,000

82,000 Richmond

46,778 72,085 65,000

101,000 Rockdale

27,790 52,078 35,000

42,000 Schley

18,007 17,431 33,000

55,000

68,774 109,763 87,000

24,000 Seminole

26,179 49,243 32,000

15,000 Spalding

43,175 76,290 55,000

75,000 Stewart-

28,460 43,715 53,000

86,000 Stephens 49,000

36,995 71,104 44,000 55,617 91,101 69,000

133,000 Talbot

-. 20,255 33,927 25,000

54,000 Taliaferro

21,916 56,368 26,000

95,000 Tattnall...

63,596 91,069 76,000

50,000 Taylor...

- 24,843 53,065 30,000

76,000 Telfair

50,245 88,180 72,000

49,000 Terrell

-- 46,731 69,489 65,000

82,000 Thomas

72,162 100,666 89,000

42,000 Tift

42,697 67,205 43,000

86,000 Toombs

46,140 99,016 68,000

38,000

26,040 50,231 31,000

57,000 Treutlen

26,388 47,419 32.000

81,000 Troup

50,805 98,206 62,000

57,000

33,105 62,535 51,000

29,000

24,941 30,453 30,000

83,000

41,607 62.202 51,000

49,000

32,493 50,559 40,000

41,000 Walker

88,885 141,772 110,000

17,000 Walton-

69,082 157,852 85,000

26,000

32,044 38,549 40,000

19,000

31,245 1 52,710 39,000

126,000 Washington-- 77.72E 144,491 91,000

32,000

44,722 59,614 64,000

35,000 Webster

19.25S 27,174 24,000

30,000 Wheeler

32,398 56,405 40,000

15,000 White

26,096 51,018 42,000

89,000 Whitfield

53.00E 79,348 65,000

31,000

41,82] 55,831 51,000

35,000 Wilkes-

55,17! 144,23E 66,000

10,000 Wilkinson

27,00! 49.264 40,000

46,000 Worth

102,10{ 81,000

58,000

State Total- 7,043.403 12,283,56* 8,904,000

*As estimated by U. S. Bureau of Census. xAs estimated by State Department of Agriculture.

210

TABLE 45. HORSES AND MULES ON GEORGIA FARMS.
1927 and 1928. (IT. S. Department of Agriculture.)

COUNTY

Appling

Atkinson

Bacon...

Baker

Baldwin-

Banks..-

Barrow

Bartow

BenHUl-

Berrien.

Bibb

Bleckley

Brantley--

Brooks

Bryan

Bulloch.--

Burke Butts..

---

Calhoun --

Camden--

Campbell

Candler

Carroll

Catoosa--

Charlton.

Chatham

Chattahoochee_

Chattooga.

Cherokee

Clarke. --

Clay..

Clayton

Clinch

Cobb

Coffee

Colauitt --

Columbia

Cook

Coweta

Crawford-

Crisp

Dade

Dawson

Decatur

DeKalb.

Dodge... -.

Dooly

Dougherty

Douglas--

Early

Echols

Effingham

Elbert

Emanuel-.

Evans--

Fannin.-

-

Fayette

Floyd

Forsyth--

Franklin

Fulton...

Gilmer

Glascock--

Glynn

Gordon-

Grady.

Greene.

Gwinnett --

HORSES Number on Farms Jan. 1

1927
280 90 160
160 250 200 380 590 170 200 170 120 220 290 120 520 540 180 120 250 220 170 850 350 180 280 90 760 580 210 110 230 160 760 280 320 320 180 360 230 130 260 70 950 500 230 350 140 140 390 50 210 390 400 140 510 210 680 220 510 220 210 110 220 810 540 530 550

1928
230 70 140 140 220 190 360 510 130 160 160 110 180 230 100 430 490 170 100 210 210 150 830 310 150 240 80 650 550 200 90 220 130 710 230 260 270 150 380 210 110 220 70 840 470 210 280 130 130 350 40 190 390 340 120 490 190 560 210 500 210 200 100 190 740 480 490 520

MULES Number on Farms Jan. 1

1927
2,460 860
1,040 1,520
1,330 1,740 2,150 3,910 1,570 1,950 1,540 1,480
720 3,180
660 5,090 5,460 1,720 1,930
120 1,480 2,040 5,650 1,340
320 630 530 2,720 2,840 1,520 1,450 1,560 310 3,480 3,280 4,500 1,850 1,680 3,530 1,530 2,630 690 800 2,440 2,350 3,960 4,070 1,560 1,620 3,310 420 1,380 3,260 4,560 1,180 1,410 2,090 4,500 2,450 3,690 810 1,480 780 220 2,980 3,260 2,320 4,330

1928
2,520 880
1,100 1,570 1,380 1,820 2,240 3,950 1,660 1,940 1,570 1,500
790 3,320
680 5,370 5,660 1,750 1,980
190 1,510 2,100 5,730 1,350
350 700 520 2,800 2,960 1,580 1,510 1,530 370 3,650 3,370 4,690 1,970 1,750 3,440 1,520 2,690 740 820 2,570 2,460 3,920 4,220 1,610 1,670 3,370 410 1,420 3,390 4,620 1,230 1,480 2,060 4,550 2,530 3,820 850 1,540 820 260 3,010 3,420 2,390 4,510

ALL WORKSTOCK Number on Farms Jan. 1

1927
2,740 950
1,200 1,680 1,580 1,940 2,530 4,500 1,740 2,150 1,710 1,600
940 3,470
780 5,610 6,000 1,900 2,050
370 1,700 2,210 6,500 1,690
500 910 620 3,480 3,420 1,730 1,560 1,790 470 4,240 3,560 4,820 2,170 1,860 3,890 1,760 2,760 950 870 3,390 2,850 4,190 4,420 1,700 1,760 3,700 470 1,590 3,650 4,960 1,320 1,920 2,300 5,180 2,670 4,200 1,030 1,690 890 440 3,790 3,800 2,850 4,880

1928
2,750 950
1,240 1,710 1,600 2,010 2,600 4,460 1,790 2,100 1,730 1,610
970 3,550
780 5,800 6,150 1,920 2,080
400 1,720 2,250 6,560 1,660
500 940 600 3,450 3,510 1,780 1,600 1,750 500 4,360 3,600 4,950 2,240 1,900 3,820 1,730 2,800 960 ' 890 3,410 ' 2,930 4,130 4,500 1,740 1,800 3,720 450 1,610 3,780 4,960 1,350 1,970 2,250 5,110 2,740 4,320 1,060 1,740 920 450 3,750 3,900 2,880 5,030

211

TABLE 45.--Con't. HORSES AND MULES ON GEORGIA FARMS.
1927 and 1928. (U. S. Department of Agriculture.)

COUNTY Habersham Hall Hart
Jeff Davis
McDuffie Meri wether Miller. Mitchell Montgomery
Oglethorpe Pike Polk.. Randolph Richmond Schley
Sumter Talbot Taliaferro Tattnall Taylor Telfalr.-

HORSES Number on Farms Jan. 1

1927

380

460

450

350

210

240

180

230

190

250

400

260

240

270

160

150

140

170

120

300

190

440

160

140

300

150

250

270

280

370

110

350

-

450

170

440

260

130

300

530

90

250

190

440

280

90

240

250

130

420

130

270

70

200

200

.--

230

110

80

320

440

140

340

220

350

180

350

170

80

210

1928 360 440 410 340 220 250 170 220 170 200 380 260 200 230 150 140 130 170 100 270 180 380 160 120 240 150 220 240 250 350 110 360 410 160 410 240 120 310 460 80 250 180 420 250 90 230 220 130 370 110 240 60 200 170 200 110 70 270 390 130 320 190 300 170 320 140 80 170

MULES Number on Farms Jan. 1

1927 1,430 3,810 2,440 2,160 1,710 3,740 2,310 3,280 2,450 2,730 3,670 1,950 1,420 3,630 2,450 2,190 1,420 1,240
640 6,380 1,900
660 1,620
470 2,630
800 1,620
200 3,410 3,360 1,380 4,200 1,560 1,340 4,340 1,660 1,820 2,580 2,160
540 2,360 1,750 3,060 2,430 1,550 1,240 1,740 2,520 3,100 1,330 1,540
810 610 3,220 1,860 1,120 760 3,710 1,230 1,830 1,750 1,580 4,930 1,140 1,210 2,620 1,590 2,800

1928 1,490 3,880 2,440 2,220 1,680 3,850 2,290 3,260 2,500 2,830 3,920 1,990 1,500 3,720 2,500 2,150 1,470 1,2^0
670 6,340 2,100
750 1,660
490 2,760
820 1,690
250 3,420 3,440 1,380 4,140 1,670 1,400 4,430 1,680 1,810 2,610 2,200
530 2,400 1,820 3,140 2,520 1,570 1,290 1,830 2,470 3,100 1,320 1,600
840 630 3,270 1,950 1,140 750 3,860 1,310 1,870 1,810 1,610 4,990 1,120 1,280 2,780 1,620 2,890

ALL WORKSTOCK Number on Farms Jan. 1

1927 1,810 4,270 2,890 2,510 1,920 3,980 2,490 3,510 2,640 2,980 4,070 2,210 1,660 3,900 2,610 2,340 1,560 1,410
760 6,680 2,090 1,100 1,780
610 2,930
950 1,870
470 3,690 3,730 1,490 4,550 2,010 1,510 4,780 1,920 1,950 2,880 2,690
630 2,610 1,940 3,500 2,710 1,640 1,480 1,990 2,650 3,520 1,460 1,810
880 810 3,420 2,090 1,230 840 4,030 1,670 1,970 2,090 1,800 5,280 1,320 1,560 2,790 1,670 3,010

1928
1,850 4,320 2,850 2,560 1,900 4,100 2,460 3,480 2,670 3,030 4,300 2,250 1,700 3,950 2,650 2,290 1,600 1,390
770 6,610 2,280 1,130 1,820
610 3,000
970 1,910
490 3,670 3,790 1,490 4,500 2,080 1,560 4,840 1,920 1,930 2,920 2,660
610 2,650 2,000 3,560 2,770 1,660 1,520 2,050 2,600 3,470 1,430 1,840
900 830 3,440 2,150 1,250 820 4,130 1,700 2,000 2,130 1,800 5,290 1,290 1,600 2,920 1,700 3,060

212

TABLE 45.--Con't. HORSES AND MULES ON FARMS.
1927 and 1928. (U. S. Department of Agriculture.)

COUNTY

HORSES

MULES

WORKSTOCK

Number on Farms Jan. 1 Number on Farms Jan. 1 Number on Farms Jan. 1

1927

1928

1927

1928

1927

1928

Terrell

.-

Tift

Walker

-

Walton

-

Ware

-

Washington

White . ... Whitfleld Wilkes Wilkinson.. Worth.-.

150 440 180 130 220 90 380 170 240 220 150 1,090 420 260 150 470 300
90 130 180 640 210 480 190 290

140

3,500

3,560

3,650

3,700

380

3,410

3,520

3,850

3,900

150

2,190

2,270

2,370

2,420

110

2,300

2,350

2,430

2,460

210

810

830

1,030

1,040

90

1,650

1,610

1,740

1,700

370

2,790

2,780

3,170

3,150

140

2,230

2,320

2,400

2,460

210

1,320

1,390

1,560

1,600

210

1,320

1,370

1,540

1,580

140

1,900

1,890

2,050

2,030

970

3,170

3,250

4,260

4,220

390

3,580

3,750

4,000

4,140

220

1,010

1,110

1,270

1,330

130

1,930

2,010

2,080

2,140

430

4,250

4,250

4,720

4,680

260

1,600

1,690

1,900

1,950

80

1,020

1,070

1,110

1,150

120

1,740

1,750

1,870

1,870

180

810

840

990

1,020

570

2,220

2,260

2,860

2,830

160

2,470

2,620

2,680

2,780

460

2,800

2,890

3,280

3,350

170

1,400

1,680

1,590

1,850

230

4,090

4,220

4,380

4,450

State Totals--. 45,500

41,180 I 347,420 356,860 392,920 398,040

Note: No Sun ey made b y State De'partment of Agrieult ure for 1929

Georgia's Future as Seen by Gov. Roosevelt
Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt, of New York, adopted Georgia citizen and owner of Warm Springs, has this to say of Georgia and the state's future development:
"I happen to have the good fortune to know almost every State in the Union, and I am very certain that not one of them holds within itself a greater future than the State of Georgia.
"I am attracted to Georgia for many reasons which may be summarized under four heads: Climate, natural resources, its people, its future. The nation is coming to understand that Georgia, a sleeping giant, is awakening, and that opportunity knocks at the door. In material development, the field is both industrial and agricultural. Manufactures are increasing and will, we hope, become more and more diversified. Farming also is tending to greater diversification and this should continue in view of the simple fact that almost every known crop can be successfully cultivated in Georgia.
"It is also true that more and more people every year from the north and from the west are discovering the delights of the winter climate of Georgia--not too hot and not too cold."
213

TABLE 46. HOGS, CATTLE, CHICKENS, EGGS AND MILK.
Supply, Distribution and Value of Products.
U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Farm Economics.
Hogs and Pigs on Georgia Farms.
Source of Supply. Distribution and Value of Products.

1924

1925

1926

1927

1928

On hand January 1

Produced on farms

Shipped In

Total number head

Shipped out

__

Slaughtered locally

Slaughtered on Farms

Died during year

Total disposed of

On Farm December 31-

1,520,000 1,374,000
2,000 2,896,000
356,000 55,000 1,030,000 180,000 1,621,000 1,275,000

1,275,000 1,363,000 2,638,000
338,000 55,000 950,000 186,000 1,529,000 1,109,000

1,109,000 1,579,000 2,688,666
325,000 55,000 941,000 180,000 1,501,000 1,187,000

1,187,000 1,836,000 3,023,000
330,000 55,000 1,025,000 248,000 1,658,000 1,365,000

1,365,000 1,648,000 3,013,000
445,000 65,000 1,040.000 235,000 1,785,000 1,228,000

All Cattle on Georgia Farms.
Source of Supply, Distribution and Value of Products.

1924

1925

1926

1927

On hand January 1.. Oalves born on farms Cattle shipped in Total number head Shipped out Slaughtered locally Slaughtered on farms Died on farms.. Total disposed of On farms December 31

996,000 318,000
4,000 1,318,000
52,000 210,000 68,000 50,000 380,000 938,000

938,000 323,000
2,000 1,263,000
63,000 228,000 68,000 50,000 409,000 854,000

854,000 302,000
2,000 1,158,000
199,000 63,000 42,000 304,000 854,000

854,000 302,000
5,000 1,161,000
212,000 68,000 44,000 324,000 837,000

1928
837,000 302,000
6,000 1,145,000
211,000 63,000 51,000 325,000 820,000

Chickens on Georgia Farms.
Source of Supply, Distribution and Value of Products.

1924

1925

1926

1927

1928

Raised on farms Died on farms. Net produced Home consumption Number sold Average farm price Total farm value Gross income. Cash income

13,639,000 897,000
12,742,000 9,428,000

13,639,000 870,000
12,769,000 9,623,000

14,730,000 844,000
13,886,000 8,845,000

15,761,000 916,000
14,845,000 10,303,000

3,538,000 3,334,000 4,475,000 3,929,000

56c $ 7,136,000

58c $ 7,406,000

61c $ 8,470,000

57c $ 8,462,000

7,261,000 1,981,000

7,515,000 1,934,000

8,125,000 2,730,000

8,113,000 2,240,000

13,239,000 12,250,000
$ 7,105,000 2,440,000

Eggs Produced on Georgia Farms.
Source of Supply, Distribution and Value of Products.

1924

1925

1926

1927

1928

Laid on farms Used for hatching Home consumptionSold, except hatching Farm price per egg Total farm value Gross income Oash income

324,000,000 27,000,000 161,000,000 136,000,000
2.33c $ 7,549,000
6,920,000 3,169,000

349,000,000 27,000,000 157,000,000 164,000,000
2.33c $ 8,132,000
7,479,000 3,821,000

365,000,000 29,000,000 151,000,000 185,000,000
2.58c $ 9,417,000
8,669,000 4,773,000

381,000,000 32,000,000 165,000,000 184,000,000
2.17c t 8,268,000
7,573,000 3,993,000

195,000,000 2.42c
$ 9,099,000 8,446,000 4,719,000

214

TABLE 46.--Cont'd. HOGS, CATTLE, CHICKENS, EGGS AND MILK.
Milk Produced on Georgia Farms.
Source of Supply. Distribution and Value of Products.

1924

1925

1926

1927

Number milk cows Milk produced per cow (1) Total milk produced CDPrice per 100 pounds Gross value Whole milk fed calves CDMilk produced, less fed (1-2) Gross income Butter consumed on farm (3)

328,000 2,770
909,000,000 $3.10
$ 28,179,000 9,000,000
900,000,000 $ 27,900.000 391,000,000

316,000 2,720
000,000 13.35 $28, 810,000 9, 000,000 851. 000,000 $ 28. 508,000 372 000,000

311,000 2,1 ""
889.000,000 $3.10
$ 27,559.000 8,000,000
881,000.000 $ 27,311,000 353,000,000

312,000 3,130
977.000,000 $2.90
$ 28.333,000 8,000,000
969.000,000 $ 28,101,000 335,000,000

312,000 3,000
936,000,000 $3 10
$ 29,016,000 8,000,000
928,000,000 $ 28,768,000 316,000,000

Milk or cream consumed on

farm (3)

Total consumed on farm (3)

Butter sold (3)

--

Other products sold (3) -.

Total products sold (3)--

Cash income

318,000,000 709,000,000 24,000,000 167,000,000 191,000,000 $ 5,929,000

318 690 19 142 161 $ 5

000,000 000,000 000,000 000,000 000,000 394,000

318.000,000 671,000,000 17.000,000 193,000,000 210,000,000 $ 6,510,000

318,000,000 353,000,000 19,000,000 297,000,000 316,000,000 $ 9,164.000

318,000,000 634,000,000 19,000,000 275.000,000 294,000,000 $ 9,114,000

(1) Expressed In terms of pounds. (2) Milk produced less milk fed calves. (3) Expressed as milk equivalent.

Georgia Charms Ex-Gov. Chase Osborin
Ex-Governor Chase S. Osborn, of Michigan, who has a winter home in Worth county, having visited every place on the globe thought attractive in winter, prefers South Georgia. He says:
"Having seen all the earth and every place thought to he attractive in winter, it was easy to discover the advantages and attractions in South Georgia. There is a tranquil charm and beauty that scarcely exists e:sewhere. It is one of the healthiest regions of the earth. There is rone of the enervations of a warmer climate nor any of the dangerously exacting rigors of the northern winters, just a perfectly balanced condition that keeps one at his best all the time.
"First of the advantages of this section are its people. And if one is rightly constituted as to philosophy and morals, people must always be the first consideration. I found them with an honesty and realness and grace that I had not seen elsewhere or since or before in all the earth. There was no pretense, no pose, no frills, no 'dog'--just
plain, honest-to-God people."

Western Woman is Georgia Farmer
Miss Jeanette Rankin, of Montana, first woman in the United States to be elected a member of Congress, who now lives on a farm near Athens,
"Peace and freedmon are what I came to Georgia to find and they are what I have found on a 65 acre farm near Athens. I am satisfied with my farm."
215

TABLE 47. AUTOMOBILES, TRUCKS AND ROAD MILEAGE IN GEORGIA (As Tabulated by Secretary of State and State Highway Commission )

COUNTY

Number of Passenger Cars
and Trucks 1929.

Road Mileage on State System

Miles Hard or Semi-Hard Surfaced(2)

Miles Graded and Top-Soiled or Sand-clay(2)

Appling-. Atkinson. Bacon -- Baker Baldwin.. Banks-- B arrow.-. Bartow... Ben Hill. Berrien... Bibb Bleckley.. Brantley. Brooks... Bryan-- Bulloch... Burke Butts Calhoun... Oamden Campbell Oandler Carroll Catoosa... Charlton Chatham Ohattahoochee. Ohattooga Cherokee Clarke Clay Clayton Clinch Cobb Coffee Colauitt Columbia Cook Coweta Crawford.. Crisp Dade Dawson Decatur-- DeKalb Dodge Dooly Dougherty . Douglas-- Early. Echols Effingham. Elbert Emanuel..Evans Fannin.-. Fayette... Floyd Forsyth.. Franklin. Fulton... Gilmer..

1,459 718
690 531 1,647 779 1,456 3,333 1,671 1,558 11,872 698 692 2,035 685 2,454 1,925 1,169
1,055 742
1,497 746
4,095 1,577
589 15,213
1,301 1,755 2,708 4,311
765 1,522
912 5,578 2,002 3,670
945 1,209 2,890
708 2,081
501 381 2,791 11,516 1,606 1,708 3,955 1,093
1,458 279
1,235 2,275 1,693
771
964 6,645 1,331 1,714 64,864
594

61.346 50.907
32.600 32.700 44.200 29.400 33.370 59.382 13.301 51.110 49.165 32.425 27.224 73.450 61.500 63.900 84.100 31.058
39.590 42.320 20.090 27.050 72.890 13.447 19.238 60.569 37.840 32.282 41.400 30.570 37.411 28.610 67.449 53.106 33.210 63.780 34.000 29.810 74.490 45.320 41.571
27.700 32.384 54.392 36.710 48.490 45.515 31.870 18.640
55.900 26.800 35.000 63.850 107.257 13.100
29.708 23.610 78.997 28.300 51.540 38.900
35.372

25.84
27.68 ~i~78~
41.32 13.64 36.75 16.77 44.23 15.09 10.66 9.53
31.60 16.31 2.58 13.71 42.51 10.34 24.07 15.93 25.74
.31 24.22 16.47 40.39 39.05 21.66 30.43 15.73 24.12 39.41 24.41 19.68 25.42
2.62 1.65 4.62 8.91 44.58
27.50 "il.'lb
8.01 41.00 11.59

37.46 15.53 20.58
.55 10.81 30.10 20.96
.08 .10 9.13 5.62 10.37 22.03 42.73 21.92 8.66 1.00 10.78 17.77 68.14 .09 .08 12.51 7.65 1.10 14.58 5.01 6.42 15.14 3.80 32.84 19.85 11.20
32.33 3.12 18.97 21.55 10.75
.22 18.64 26.87 14.69 36.33 21.72 13.13
.02 14.27 7.30 21.65 29.42
11.31

216

TABLE 47.--Con't. AUTOMOBILES, TRUCKS AND ROAD MILEAGE IN GEORGIA. (As Tabulated by Secretary of State and State Highway Commission.)

COUNTY

Number of Passenger Cars
and Trucks 1929(1)

Road Mileage on State System

Miles Hard or Miles Graded
Semi-Hard and Top-Soiled Surfaced(2) or Sand-clay(2)

Glascock Glynn Gordon Grady.. Greene Gwlnnett Habersham. HalL-.. Hancock Haralson Harris Hart Heard. Henry Houston Irwin Jackson Jasper Jeff Davis ... Jefferson-- Jenkins Johnson Jones Lamar Lanier -Laurens Lee Liberty Lincoln Long... Lowndes-- Lumpkin-- McDuffie-- Mclntosh-- Macon Madison Marion Meri wether.. Miller. Milton -Mitchell Monroe. Montgomery Morgan Murray MUscogee-- Newton Oconee Oglethorpe.. Paulding Peach Pickens Pierce Pike. Polk.Pulaski Putnam Quitman--

434 3,394 2,276 1,949 1,150 3,221
1,558 3,692
974 1,374
908 1,532
916 1,912 1,173
1,259
2,255 830 708
1,700 929 944 769
1,072 530
2,504 652 739 905 385
4,626 442
972 596
1,707 1,618
707 2,034
675 985 2,206 1,192 767 1,245 864 9,438
1,989
912 1,390
1,239 1,248 1,293
191 1,092 2,559
764 763
321

14,370 53.561 56.161 56.020 60.300 72.470
39.570 76.454 62.800 34.891 43.560 39.940 39.170 44.950 63.824
42.480
57.340 60.250 26.763 89,400 40,000 29.996 50.562
32.380 42.559 75.823 21.421 34.800 32.600 45.900 74.690 46.200
41.200 32.938
51.600 58.950 34.550 55.950 47.780 10,000 54.946 43.340 23.354 51.500 51.621 50.476
40.180
37.260 58.500
20.693 28.240 44.920 21.890 38.580 41.262 53.793 58.800
36.600

43.88 16.37 12.91 31.34 24.26 27.85
16.13 8.73 6.73 29.99 12.86 22.79 4.69 2.28 36.21
28.84 15.44
.70 5.18 18.09
42.29 26.22
23.08 3.67
41.74
29.90 20.73
31.76 34.43 7.83
.61
42.10 8.04 26.17 6.94 11.76

1.50 9.68 12.01 3.86 34.28 14.90 14.91 34.67 37.01 35.96 18.35 11.66 8.40 23.27 18.47
.04 17.56 21.05 15.98 7.72 21.92 5.96 2.20
4.32 46.16 7.38 11.27 16.45 18.58 15.05 22.91 19.26
19.88 18.17 8.54
.51 10.00 12.58 12.37 23.26 10.78 2.37 4.67 12.27 9.61
.57 12.59 6.79 15.72 18.49 15.42 12.09 30.40 3.14

217

TABLE 47. Cont'd. AUTOMOBILES, TRUCKS AND ROAD MILEAGE IN GEORGIA. (As Tabulated by Secretary of State and State Highway Commission.)

COUNTY
Schley.-
Talbot TattnalL Taylor Telfair. . Terrell Tift
Troup Twiggs Walker Walton Ware.. Warren Webster... White Whitfield Wilcox Wllkes Worth
Totals

Number of Passenaer Cars
and Trucks 1929 (1)
673 1,737 10,938
854 600 1,511 681 2,714 1,224 1,044 3,173 842 528 1,459 992 1,333 1,829 4,364 2,255 1,389 290 443 4,386 1,188 633 280 2,458 4,012 2,341 3,715 934 1,945 1,382 461 736 490 2,632 1,043 1,535 979 1,945
364,107

Road Mileage on State System
40.290 39.080 59.228 8.958 28.783 46.100 15.900 38.560 24.890 67.950 76.580 45.846 13.000 68.860 33.760 36.238 33.326 73.100 46.500 43.000 28.580 15.800 56.460 26.218 51.398 44.160 61.830 34.353 45.166 79.600 39.500 61.300 57.054 24.110 46.179 24.500 46.368 44.290 51.500 43.909 55.370
7,087.968

Miles Hard or Miles Graded Semi-Hard and Top-Soiled Surfaced (2) or Sand-clay (2)

24.92 42.64 9.03 6.33 8.77 32.53 6.53
.43 30.41 2.79
.73 15.88 37.89 19.90 25.10 9.83 35.91 16.66 30.16 10.53 26.45 2.02 60.11 1.21 2.85 21.16
16.56 20.86 1.13 9.71 35.74 2,326.49

15 28 26.63 26.73
.01 9.27 13 22 5 32 18 92 13 76
.38 26.32 9.50 3 23 16.16 30.21 10 87 1.80
.31 18.67 13.12
.58 17.66 23.51 12.24 12.63 44.51 16.68 14.22 30.93 35.03 6.34 19.29
42.19 21.39 14.24 2,150.89

Note--(l)Total passenger cars registered in 1929 with Secretary of State. 313.492; trucks. 50,615. (2)In addition to the improved mileage, there was 2.610.6 miles unimproved on the state system, as of April. 1930.

Money in Georgia Poultry, Says Fanner
Mr. H. H. Keith, who moved to Jenkins county from Indiana, reports the following results from one month's operation of his poultry farm:
Three hundred and twenty White Leghorn hens in fair production contributed $217.58 to his bank account, besides $19.50 worth consumed by the family. Of this amount, he expended $20.52 for 774 pounds of grain, $40.77 for 1,100 pounds of mash and his net profit was shown to be $177.39 for the month, with only 51 per cent production.
218

TOBBACO WAREHOUSES IN GEORGIA
Operated during 1930 Season

COUNTY Appling.
Ben Hill. Berrien.. Brooks _ _ Bulloch.. Candler.
Coffee.
ColquittCook_._Decatur. Evans Grady Jeff Davis _ Lowndes.
Lowndes. Mitchell. Mitchell.. Pierce. Thomas. Tift Toombs. Ware

P. O. ADDRESS

NAME OF WAREHOUSES

Baxley.
Fitzgerald. Nashville-. Quitman.. StatesboroMetter.
Douglas.
Moultrie. Adel Bainbridge. Claxton Cairo Hazlehurst. Hahira.
Valdosta _ Camilla __ Pelham. _ Blackshear. Tbomasville. Tifton Vidalia... Waycross.

Piedmont Warehouse
Planters Warehouse No. 1 Planters Warehouse No. 2 Soapers Warehouse Central Warehouse
Lon Dickey Warehouse
Planters Warehouse Brown's Warehouse
Planters Warehouse Union Warehouse Brooks County Warehouse
Quick's Warehouse Farmers Warehouse Holt & Cobb Warehouse Central Warehouse Metter Warehouse
Growers Warehouse Big 0. K. Warehouse
Farmers Brick Warehouse Growers Warehouse Red Warehouse Sikes Warehouse Farmers Warehouse
Moultrie Warehouse Peoples Warehouse Cook County Warehouse
Strickland-Saunders Warehouse Bainbridge Warehouse Farmers Warehouse Tapps Warehouse
Planters Warehouse Foxhall & Moye Warehouse Planters Warehouse Farmers Ind. Warehouse Gold Leaf Warehouse Hahira Warehouse Alliance Warehouse Farmers Warehouse Nat Smith Warehouse
Saunders Warehouse Savannah Ave. Warehouse
New Camilla Waf%house Planters Warehouse Big Dixie Warehouse Pelham Warehouse Big "Z" Warehouse
Brantley Warehouse Farmers Warehouse Planters Warehouse
Thomasville Tobbacco Warehouse Farmers Warehouse Fenner's Warehouse Twin Brick Warehouse
Georgia Warehouse Vann's No. 1 Warehouse Vann's No. 2 Warehouse Vidalia Warehouse Farmers Warehouse Waycross Warehouse
219

COMMERCIAL CREAMERIES AND CREAM-BUYING STATIONS
The following list includes commercial creameries, cream-buying stations or other plants that purchase cream, sour cream or sweet milk from farmers or dairymen:
(NOTE: a-Furchase cream; b-Purchase sweet milk; c-Purchase sour cream.)

COUNTY

P. 0. ADDRESS

NAME OF OPERATOR

Milledgeville-- - 1 cArmour & Co.

cSwift & Co.

Cartersville

abBradshaw & Sons cDixie Creamery

Ben Hill -

Fitzgerald- -_ .- 1 c Jefferson Creamery cSwift & Co.

cArmour & Co.

abDurrs Creamery

abForemost Dairy Prod., Inc.

abGeorgia Dairy, Inc.

ablngleside Creamery

Bibb

Macon.- .

< Jones, J. E. Paul's Creamery

J. T. Smith

abSunshine Creamery

aSwift & Co.

Bleckley

/

cArmour Creamery cArmour Creamery

Bulloch Butts

Statesboro -- - - - Jackson.- _

abCity Dairy Co. c Barnes Trading Co.
abAnnetts Dairy

abChatham Creamery

abDubois Creamery

abForemost No. 2

Gernatt, Henry

Savannah

- { abKeller Milk Co.

abLeopold Bros.

Martin, E. B.

Ridgeway, J. T.

abSavannah Ice Cream Co.

Southern Dairies, Inc.

cStarland Creamery

Cherokee Farm Products Co.



Athens Pure Milk, Inc.

Clarke -

Athens

J abAthens Candy Kitchen abForemost Dairy Prod., Inc.

Coffee

Douglas- - - Moultrie

abCoffee County Creamery a Moultrie Creamery cArmour & Co.

Cordele

- Cordele Creamery

Cotton Bloom Ice Co.

, abForemost Dairy, Inc.

Dodge

-1

. cArmour & Co. . cArmour & Co.

Dooly

j

. cSwift & Co. cArmour & Co.

Dougherty - - --.

Early

Blakely

_ abMarshall Ice Cream Co. cArmour & Co.

220

Commercial Creameries and Cream-Buying Stations in Georgia--Cont'd.

m

81

COUNTY

P. 0. ADDRESS

NAME OF OPERATOR

Elbert Floyd Franklin .
Fulton Glascock
Hall

/ Bowman .. . I
Swainsboro .

cDixie Creamery abElberton Creamery . 1 at Swainsboro Creamery

cSwift & Co.

cArmour & Co.

1 Accomasso's City Dairy, Inc.

- Rome

- { H. B. S. Dairy Prod. Co.
I abPurity Ice Cream Co. Victor's Confectionary Shop

__- (

cMoultrie Creamery

cArmour & Co.

abAlbert Ice Cream Co.

abB. A. Dairy Co.

abClairmont Dairy Co.

abCloverdale Dairy

abCrystal Dairy

DuKynn Ice Cream Co.

abForemost Dairy Prod., Inc.

abGeorge Moore Ic3 Cream Co.

abPedigree Dairies, Inc.

. - Atlanta- - - - { abPonce de Leon Dairy abParamount Dairy

Southern Dairies

Producers Dairy

Speck, R. H.

abTechwood Dairy

bTenth St. Dairy

bWoodward Ave. Dairy

abPeachtree Dairy Co.

i Mitchell

cMoultrie Creamery cArmour & Co.

North Star Dairy

Greensboro. __ - 1 cArmour & Co.

cMoultrie Creamery

Penfield...

cMoultrie Creamery

Siloam ._

cArmour & Co.

Union Point _ -- 1 cArmour & Co.

c Swift & Co.

White Plains.

1 cArmour & Co.

cMoultrie & Co.

cDixie Creamery

cArmour & Co.

Gainesville

._ cCrescent Ice Cream Co.

cSwift & Co.

abWright Wonder Ice Cream Co.

221

Commercial Creameries and Cream-Buying Stations in Georgia--Cont'd.

COUNTY Hancock. Hart- _ Irwin_. JasperJeff Davis. Jefferson _ _ Johnson _ Lamar__
Laurens. Lincoln. Lowndes.. McDuffie. Madison. _ Mitchell-
Miller... Monroe. Morgan _ Muscogee.
Newton Oglethorpe. Pickens. Polk... Pulaski.
Putnam. Rabun..
Richmond.
Screven.. Seminole.

P. 0. ADDRESS

NAME OF OPERATOR

Sparta.
Hartwell Ocilla Monticello.
Hazlehurst. Avera Louisville... Wrens Kite Barnesville.
Dublin
Lincolnton.
Valdosta. Thomson.
Danielsville. Camilla
Pelham. _
Colquitt. Forsyth _. Madison.
Columbus.
Covington. Maxey's. _
Jasper Cedartown Ha wkinsville
Eat on ton.
Dillard.-
Augusta.
Sylvania Donalsonville. Iron City

cArmour & Co. cMoultrie Creamery cArmour & Co. cSwift & Co. cArmour & Co. cSwift & Co. cSwift & Co. cMoultrie Creamery cMoultrie Creamery cMoultrie Creamery cArmour & Co. cArmour & Co. cBarnes Trading Co. cArmour & Co. aGeslin Ice Cream Co. abjackson Dairy Co. cArmour & Co. cMoultrie Creamery abForemost Dairy Prod., Inc cArmour & Co. cMoultrie & Co. cArmour & Co. Farmers Exchange Wilson's Package Store Hand Trading Co. cMoultrie Creamery cArmour & Co.
cSwift & Co. cArmour & Co. aColumbus Creamery abKinnett Ice Cream Co. abForemost Dairy Prod., Inc. Wells & Preston Dairy cArmour & Co. cArmour & Co. cMoultrie & Co. cArmour & Co.
abAmmon Springs Milk Depot / cArmour & Co. I abForemost Dairy Prod., Inc.
cArmour & Co.
abForemost Dairy Prod., Inc. cMoultrie Creamery c Dixie Creamery
Augusta Dairies, Inc. Blue Ribbon Ice Cream Co. Cassella, Ga. Down Town Creamery
abForemost Dairy Prod., Inc. Goetchius Bros. Merry Creamery cArmour & Co.
cArmour & Co. cJefferson Creamery

222

Comm rcial Creameries and Cream-Buying Stations in Georgia--Cont'd.

COUNTY Spalding. Stewart.. Sumter__. Talbot.. Taliaferro. Tattnall.. Telfair
TerrelL. Thomas.
Tiit.
Toombs. Troup...
Turner, Twiggs. Upson _. Walker_ Walton. Ware Warren.
Washington.
Wheeler. White Whitfield.
Wilcox. Wilkes.
Worth.

P. 0. ADDRESS
Griffin Lumpkin Araericus Talbotton Crawfordville.
Sharon Reidsville _ Helena McRae Milan
Dawson Thomasville. Omega
Tifton.
TyTy.... Vidalia LaGrange.
Ashburn.. Sycamore _
Danville Jeffersonville.. Thomaston Chickamauga. Monroe
Waycross..
Warrenton.
Davisboro.. Sandersville. Tennille Warthen Alamo
Glenwood. Cleveland. Dal ton
Abbeville Pitts Rochelle Tignall Washington... Banks Station . Sylvester

NAME OF OPERATOR
abGriffin Ice Cream Co. cColumbus Creamery aAmericus Creamery Co. cColumbus Creamery cArmour & Co. cMoultrie Creamery cMoultrie Creamery cSwift & Co. cFarmers Co-Op. Creamery c Armour & Co. cArmour & Co. cSwift & Co. cSwift & Co. abForemost Dairy Prod., Inc. cMoultrie Creamery c Dixie Creamery cJefferson Creamery abTifton Ice Cream Co. cSuwanee River Creamery
cSwift & Co. cColumbus Creamery
cSwift & Co. abForemost Creamery
cDixie Creamery cSuwanee River Creamery
cSwift & Co. cArmour & Co. .bCity Dairy & Ice Cream Co. abChickamauga Farm Dairy, Inc.
cArmour & Co. Central Ice Cream Co. abDairy Prod. & Ice Cream Co. abGeorgia Milk Co. cArmour & Co. cMoultrie Creamery cArmour & Co. cSwift & Co. cArmour & Co. cMoultrie Creamery cArmour & Co. cSwift & Co. cSwift & Co. cArmour & Co. cCleveland Creamery abDalton Creamery cArmour & Co. cArmour & Co.
cSwift & Co. cArmour & Co. Wilkes Co-Op. Creamery Co. cMoultrie Creamery cArmour & Co. cMoultrie Creamery

223

CANNERS OF GEORGIA PRODUCTS
The principal canners of Georgia farm and fish products, including fruits, vegetables and berries as compiled by the State Commissioner of Commerce and Labor, to June 1, 1930, follows:

ADDRESS

NAME OF OPERATORS

Americus Andersonville Athens
102 6th St., N. E. 441 Marietta St. 352 Central Ave. _ Atlanta < 489 Stephens 199 Walker St... 185 Peters St 154 Means St 666 Mangum St...
Augusta.
Bradley
Brunswick.
Cairo .
Claxton.
Columbus.
Crescent Dewy Rose. Eastman Elberton... Ellaville
Fort Valley.
Graymont. Griffin Jackson
Macon.
Marietta... Meansville.. Milan Montezuma. Monticello..

Americus Canning Co. Easterlin Bros. Price Provision Co. Ace Food Co. Barrett Food Products Co. Belleview Products Co. Henard Mayonnaise Co. Hallman-Richards, Inc. Sunshine Peanut Co. Stone Mountain Products Co. Tuno Packing Co. Barrett Food Products Co. Castleberry Products Co. Otten, C. H., Canner Cherokee Products Co. Glynn Canning Co. Ocean City Packing Co. St. Mary's Canning Co. Crine, R. V., Canner Cairo Syrup Co. Roddenbury Syrup Co. Robinson Syrup Co. Fussell, D. R. Columbus Coffee Co. Hardaway-Cargill Co. Houston Peanut Mfg. Co. Shields Coffee Co. Southern Pecan Co. Cedar Point Canning Co. Mann, Tom, Packer Peacock, H. H. Elberton Community Cannery Myrick Bros. Fort Valley Canning Co. Evans Canning Co. Houser Canning Co. Roberts Bros. Cannery Farm Home Products Co. Pomona Products Co. (2 plants) Ga. Pimiento Canning Co. Middle Georgia Packing Co. Bamby Products Co. Continental Packing Co. Southland Coffee Co. Kurtz Canning Co. Holloway & Bankston Jones, S. C, Packer Ice Bound Products Co. Polar Products, Inc.
224

Canners of Georgia Products--Confd.

ADDRESS

NAME OF OPERATORS

Moultrie St. Marys Sandersville
Savannah
Valdosta Waycross Wayside
Woodbury

White Packing Co. St. Marys Canning Co. Houser Canning Co.
( Barbee & Sons
{ Lowden Estate, Packers
I Maggioni & Co.
Valdosta Canning Co. Jones Packing Co. / Jones Packing Co. Southern Canneries Hill Bros. Co. of Fla.

MEAT PACKING PLANTS AND BUYERS OF LIVESTOCK
Following is a list of meat packing plants, slaughter houses and other con cerns that purchase cattle, hogs, sheep and goats from Georgia farmers.

COUNTY

P. 0. ADDRESS

NAME OF OPERATOR

Bibb
Clarke Dougherty..- .
Lowndes Mitchell Muscogee Richmond Thomas .. Troup

Milledgeville . - _. Ennis, J. H.

Macon

( Macon Abattoir { Macon Sausage Co.

T. & T. Packing Co.

Savannah

/ Butler Provision Co.

Savannah City Abattoir

Athens Butcher Abattoir

Moultrie

< Hall Commission Co.

Swift & Co.

Albany _

_ / Municipal Abattoir

Nat Story & Co.

Atlanta Butchers' Abattoir

Atlanta -

{ Atlanta Stock Yards

Upchurch Packing Co.

White Provision Co.

Brunswick

City of Brunswick Abattoir

Valdosta . . _ .. ( Floyd Fender & Co.

Valdosta Abattoir

City Abattoir

The Provision Co.

Augusta _

Georgia-Carolina Packing Co.

Thomasville _. ) Farmers & Butchers Abattoir

\ Blanton & Co.

LaGrange

LaGrange Packing Co.

225

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230

Contents--Parts I, II, III

Map of Georgia, Showing Location of Counties

Introduction by Commissioner of Agriculture

Historical Sketch of Georgia

Governors of Georgia, list of

Agricultural Department, Its Bureaus and Divisions

Fertilizer Inspection, Department

Bureau of Markets

Inspection and Standards of Apples and Peaches

Traffic Manager and Rate Department

Veterinary Department

Entomology Department

Food and Drug Inspection Division

Chemical Laboratories and Chemist

Immigration, Bureau of

Georgia State Flag, in Colors, Opposite Page

Home-seekers Railroad Rates

Bulletins Issued by Dept. of Agriculture

Statistician, Dept of Agriculture

Georgia, a Billion Dollar Empire

'.

Georgia's Agricultural Resources Outlined

Georgia State Flower, in Colors, Opposite Page

Okefenokee Swamp, A National Wonder

Soils Adapted to Every Crop

Livestock, Poultry and Dairying, Resources Outlined

Cow-Hog-Hen Program or Plan

Military Posts and National Guard

"The American Farmer," by Secretary Hyde

Boys and Girls Four-H Clubs

Manufacturing Wealth of Georgia

Financial Condition of Georgia Sound

Mineral Deposits and Value of Minerals Mined

Taxes, State and County

Egg-Laying Contest at State College

Resorts, Recreational, in Georgia

Lumber Industry in Georgia

Naval Stores, Georgia Leads All States

Newspapers, Daily and Weekly

Death Rate Among the Lowest

Electric Power Decentralizes Industry

Transportation and Mail Facilities

Forestry, Reforestation and Fire Laws

Educational System of Georgia

Churches for Every Denomination

Experiment Stations, Agricultural

Farmer's Cyclopedia, Information Often Needed and Difficult to Obtain

Presidents of United States, List of

Sketch of Georgia's 161 Counties

Population, each county and county seat, town

Taxable Property Value, each county

,

Farms, number of in each county

Political Divisions, Congressional, Senatorial, Judicial

Altitude average for each county

Soil Map of Georgia

Graph, Co-operative Carlot Sales of Hogs

Graph, Co-operative Community Sales of Poultry

Statistics, Agricultural

Automobiles, Trucks and Road Mileages

Tobacco Warehouses in Georgia, List of

Commercial Creameries and Cream-Buying Stations

Canners of Georgia Products, List of

Meat Packing Plants and Buyers of Live Stock

Hatcheries, Commercial, List of

231

Page
2 3 5
7 11 12 14 15
16 18
20 22
23 24
24
25 25
25 27 29
32 53 54 55 62 62 63
63 65 68 69
76 76 77 78
78 80
80 81 82 85 86 89 90 91-123 122 125-150 125-150 125 150
125-150 125-150
125-150 152 206 209 151-215 216 219 220
224 225
226

UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA LIBRARIES

3 ElDfi D5MEM 3^1

Contents-Part IV*-Statistical

Table 1--Summary Crop Statistics, 1929

Table 2--Acreage and Value Crops in Per Cent of Totals. _

Table 3--Tobacco, Consolidated Warehouse Reports, 1929.

Table 4--Tobacco, Consolidated Warehouse Reports, 1928.

Table 5--Cotton Production--1866-1929

Table 6--Corn Production--1870-1929

Table 7--Wheat Production--1870-1929

Table 8--Oat Production--1870-1929

Table 9--Tobacco Production, All Types--1866-1929

Table 10 Potatoes, Irish, Production--1870-1929 Table 11 Potatoes, Sweet, Production--1870-1929

1

Table 12--Hay, Tame, Production--1870-1929-

Table 13--Hay, Wild, Production--1922-1929

Table 14--Peanuts for Harvest--1916-1929

Table 15--Peanuts for All Purposes--1928-1929

Table 16--Sorghum for Syrup--1909-1929

Table 17--Sugar Cane for Syrup--1922-1929

Table 18--Watermelons, Commercial--1920-1929--

Table 19--Cotton Seed--1922-1929

Table 20--Asparagus, Commercial--1924-1929

Table 21--Snap Beans, Commercial--1921-1929-_,.

Table 22--Cantaloupes, Commercial--1920-1929---

Table 23--Peaches, Commercial--1922-1929

Table 24--Cabbaee, Commercial--1924-1929

Table 25--Cucumbers, Commercial--1924-1929

Table 26--Irish Potatoes, Early, Commercial--1924 -1929,

Table 27--Tomatoes, Commercial--1921-1929

Table 28--Strawberries, Commercial--1927-1929

Table 29--Pimiento Peppers, Commercial--1926-1929

Table 30--Cotton, Acreage Picked, Bales Ginned, 1926-1929

Table 31--Corn and Oats, Acreages Harvested--1926-1929

Table 32--Wheat, Acreage Harvested--1926-1929

J.

Table 33--Tobacco, All Types, Acreage Harvested--1926-1929

J.

Table 34--Sweet and Irish Potatoes, Acreage--1926-1929

I

Table 35--Peanuts Grown Alone and All Hay--1926-1929

Table 36--Peaches, Carlot Shipments--1921-1929

1

Table 37--Watermelons, Carlot Shipments--1925-1929

'_

l.

Table 38--Apples, Peaches, Pecans, Number of Trees

1.

Table 39--Peach Orchards, Commercial, No. Trees

Table 40--Imports, Meats, Meat Foods, Dairy Products, 1929-

Table 40--Imports, Meats, Meat Foods, Dairy Products, 1928

Table 40--Imports, Meats, Meat Foods, Dairy Products, 1927

_.

Table 41--Summary Livestock, 1929

Table 42--Cattle, Including Milk Cows, number in each county

Table 43--Swine on Farms, number in each county

Table 44--Chickens on Farms, number in each county

Table 45--Horses and Mules on Farms, number in each county

_.

Table 46--Hogs, Cows, Chickens, Eggs and Milk--Supply, Distribution and

value of products

Table 47--Automobiles, Trucks and Road Mileages

Tobacco Warehouses, List of

Commercial Creameries and Cream Stations, List

Canners of Farm Products, List of

Meat Packing Plants and Buyers of Livestock, List

Hatcheries, Commercial, List of

Page 153 155 156 160 164 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 173 173 174 174 174 175 176 176 176 177 177 177 177 178 178 178 179 181 184 185 185 188 191 192 193 196 198 200 202 203 203 207 208 211
214 216 219 220 224 225 226

232