Circular No. so.]

R ESULTS

OF THE

..

FOR THE YEAR 1877.
CONDUC'r:ED uNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE CCl\IMIS,SIONER OF AGRICULTURE OF THE STATEOFGEORGIA.

ALSO,
ANALYSES OF FERTILIZERS
Sow IN GEoRGIA IN 1877,
WITH THE COlDIERCL\.L VALUES AXD PRICES OF EACH BRAND.

ALSO,

FORMT.JL.LE ~D DIRECTIOXS rORC01fPOBTIXG ;

... : ._,

AXD C01IMR.~'f.:::l 0~ THE EXPE~ill,EXTS.

I .

(

UN:Vb'

ATLANTA, GEORGI ,
JA~UARY, 1878.





JAS. P . HAURISO~ & CO .,

PRIXTERS AND BTh'DERS,

ATLfu.~TA. GEORGIA.

.

- .~.

.

~ <...... : ..:

-..... '

-'-. t. . .....



SOIL TEST OF FERTILIZERS
FOR 1877.

In compliance with the Act approved February 28th, 1874,

requiring tl,at "A fair sample of all fertilizers sold in this State



shall be first submitted to said Commissioner, and the same

shall be thoroughly tested by him," "' * the Commissioner

of Agriculture required soo pounds of each brand of fertilizer

sold in Georgia, to be subjected to a thorough soil test.

As far as practicable, samples of each brand were sent to

three intelligent farmers in different parts of the State.

The following directions for conducting the soil tests were

sent to each one to whom fer tilizers were consigned, and a

promise exacted to conduct their experiments in accordance

with it.

DIRECTIONS FOR CONDUCTIN G SOIL TESTS OF FERTLI ZERS

FOR 1877.

P ersons to whom samples of fertilizers are submitted for

thorough and practical test, are required to conduct their ex-

periments in a manner that will 'set forth results fully and

fai_rly, and report t~ e same promptly by the first day of J?e-

c ember to this Departmc:nt, giving full details, as follows :

x. State the character of the soil and subsoil in which the

test is made, whether sandy, clayey, ma.cly or ca kareous, and

whether upland or bottom.

2. Select a plat of land as 11early uniform in character and

fert ility as possible.

3 A pply yards long,

each fertilizer to leaving four rows

fuonufre rctoi lniszeecdu tbi ve tewreoewns,th3o5soe rfe7r0-



A tilized with different brands; thus, four rows; withJut fer-

tilizer, four rows; B four rows; without fertilizer, four; C four,

etc,, through the plat. W hen the crop matures, weigh care-

fully and report the production at each picking of the two mid,

dle rows of each four, fertilized and unfertilized, and the rate

of yield per acre from each set ol rows.





4

Soil Test of Fertzlizers.

4 State the treatment of the soil on which the test is made,

both as to crops cultivated and fertilizers used for several pre-

vious years, and, ifpracticable, select a plat which was not fer-

tilized in I876.

5 In this experiment use each fertilizer or compost at the

rate of zoo pounds per acre, regardless of cost.

6. Ef compost is uud, state the formula adopted it: composting,

giving the quatttity and character of eaclt ingredient, and tlu:

metltod employed in composting.

7 If convenient, purchase on the market some of the same

brands as those submitted for test, and report the result as



directed in No. 3 above.



8. Use on the same plat any o~her brand which you may

have.

9 Use a portion of the samples submitted for test in con-

trast with any others you may have on any other crop on your

farm or garden, and report results.

ro. In conducting these tests, be careful to have the prepar-

ation, pla11ting. sta11d attd wltvation identical on each four rows,

the 011/y difference being in the ki11d of fertilizer uud. TVithout

this the test will not be reliable.

I 1. State the time and manner of preparation, time and

manner of planting, mode of cultivation, seasons, both as to

temperature and rainfall, and any other facts of interest con-

nected with the test of fertilizers.

I z. If the test is made on sm:dl grain, report the bushels of

grain and pounds of straw per acre. If it is made on corn,

report the busht!s of grain and pounds of fodder per acre. 13 Conduct any other test in any manner you may prefer,

I

and report results and facts as above requested.

14. When an Acid Phosphate or Dissolved Bone-ttot ammo-

niated-is tested, compost it by formula No. I, for compostin g,
given in circular 35 of this department.

15. Preserve a fair sampte of every fertilizer you test. Put

it in a bottle and seal it up, and label it correctly. A common

quinine bottle full is:about the proper quantity to save, and is

most convenient.

. Blanks for reports will be furnished in ovember next.
These experiments, to be valuable, should be conducted



Sot! Test of Fettzlizers.

S

with great care, and the results accurately reported as soon as they are ascertained.

RESULTS OF SOIL TESTS FOR 1877.

NOTE.-In the following pages, all fertilizers marked with a, were furnlahed hy the Department for soil test.
1 Expert"ment ;f E.B. Heard, Elberton, Elbert County, Ga.

S oil-Dark gray upland, with yellow clay subsoil-bas been

in cultivation 15 or 20 years.

The original growth was post-oak and hickory. It was



planted in cotton in 1875 and sown in oats in 1876-has not

been fertilized for several years.

Preparation-The plat was broken in spring, just before

planting, with turning plow-rows opened 3 feet apart 1st May

with shovel, guanos distributed at the rate of zoo pounds per

acre, and the land bedded ,put with common turning shovel.

The beds were opened wit\,1 ripper, the seed sown, and cov-

ered by listing with small ripper.

The composts were prepared according to formular in cir-

cular No. 42 from the Department.



Cultivation.-About the ~iddle of May a common iron

toothed harrow was run over the cotton-barred off with

turning plow on the 18th; June zd, chopped to a stand;

16th, ran round with sweep; 28th, plowed with sweep second

time; July 6th, hoed second time; July r 4th, plowed third

time with sweep-this time breaking out the roiddles with

sweep-August 4th, ran two furrows in middle with sweep.

.

.So! Test of Fertiltzers.

R E SULTS:



Fer tilizers 1st pk'g 2d pk '~ Yield of Seed

per

Oct. Nov. Cotton per

-.-Acre- -1s-t -1-1-th-1- -A-c-re -

Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds.

~-----,------1 ----- - - - - - - - - - -

Stono Acid Phosphate Compost- ...... ...... ...

200

400

800

700

Without Fertilizer............... ......... ........

300

200

500

a Merr yman's Dissolved Bone Compost... ..

200

890

850

740

Without F ertilizer........ ......... ...... .........

285

20~

490

Long's Dissolved Bone Compost ............ ...

200

410

340

750

Without F ertilizer. ...................................

300

205

505

Dickson's Compound....... ..- ............... ......

200

500

400

900

Without Fertilizer . ............. .....................

290

200

490

Navassa Guano Am moniated.............. ......

200

550

450

1000

Without Fert!Uzer...

800

215

515

Seasons.-From May rst to ~oth, season able; from May roth to June sth, no rain, and weather very unfavorable to cotton. From June sth to July 1st the seasons were very fine for th~ growth of cotton, and from July 1st to August xst very fine for both growth and maturity. From August rst to

September, very dry and unfavorable, causing the plant to shed a large portion of its forms.
Remarks.-"! thin!C, notwithstanding the unfavurable seasons for cotton, that fertilizers have paid a handsome per cent, where properly managed, but I think the compost will pay much the best when properly made. I received all of my ingredients too late to give the compost a fair trial, but from my past experience and observ;tion am satisfied that the C'Ompost is the moat profitable."

.Experiment of Miss E. L. How ARD, Dillon, W alker CtJ., witll Fodder, Corn, Potatoes, and Turnips.

Fodder Oorn-Soi1--loose sand, subsoil sand, with little clay. The ground has been, for five years previous, under cultivation without manure-so exh:lUsted would hardly sprout pea&. Original growth, chestnut and oak.
Previous Treatment - ruinous- crops grown for last three years, Irish potatoes, corn, oats, and peas. ~o fertilizers have been used on the plat since the original growth was destroyed

J
l
, /
I

. .

. '
)

Soil Test of Fertiltzers.

7

Preparation.-Ground broken with one-horse turning plow . on the 1st of May, and laid off in plats 12 ft. wide by 70 yds. long, four rows unmanured ground between the experimental plats.
On the 1st pla.t 1~ two-horse loads of stable manure were applied in the drill, May 1st. The 2nd plat had no manure-the 3rd had 200 lbs. ot ~o. 1 Rectified Peruvian Guano, composted with road scrapings.
One part of the guano was mixed with three parts of road scrapings, and the compost applied broadcast, at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, on the 1oth of May.

Planting -corn sowed in .drills, three feet apart, on the 1oth of May-eight bushels to the acre.

Cultivation-the corn was harrowed May rsth, just as it was
breaking the ground, and again when six inches high. Ju~e 15th, plowed with one-horse turnin'g plow.

RESULTS.

a No. 1 Rectified Peruvian Guano l applied at the rate of

composted with road scrapin~;s,

f 200 lbs. per acre,

yielded q,ooo lbs. fodder-mature August 1oth.

Stable manure, I ~ two-horse loads per acre, yielded 7,ooo

lbs. fodder-mature A~gust 1oth.

Same land, without manure, yielded 4,375 lbs. fodder -ma-

ture August 1oth.

.

The plat for Irish potatoes was new ground, broken with old

field coulter, and cross-broken with scooter. It was harrowed

with heavy two-horse harrow, and then laid off in three-foot
rows. Plat '% acre.

The potatoes were fertilized with Increase Crescent Bope,

at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, applied in the drill, June 3rd .

Potatoes planted Juue 3rd.

Cullt'vatio ?l . Plowed with one-horse turning plow, followed

by hoes, August zoth.

a Increase Crescent Bone, used at the rate of 200 lbs. per

acre, yielded 112 bushels per acre-mature November 1st.

Same land, without fertilizer, yielded 67 bushels per acre-

mature November 1st.

Turnips were planted on new ground, which Vias broken first



8

Soil Test of F erttlizers.

with old field coulter, cross-broken twice with scooter, and harrowed twice--ground irregular in shape.
a 4lcrease Crescent Guano, composted with road scrapings, at the rate of one part of fertilizer to three of scrapings in bulk, was applied in the drill, July 28th, and the seed drilled two feet apart on the same day.
Oullivatioll. They were thinned and hoed August xst-A ugu st 17th plowed with scooter, and hoed.
a o. 1 Rectified Peruvian Guano, roo lbs. per acre, yielded 61 bushels of turnips-mature November 2oth.
NOTE.-This experiment injured by shade tr ees.
Increase Crescent Guano, composted with road scrapings, applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre produced 245 bushels of turnips-mature November 2oth.
Experiment of A. E. TARVER, Bartow, J efferson Co., 01l Cotton.
Soil.-Good gray pine land, with red clay subsoil-been in cultivation 30 years.
Previous Treatmwt.-Various fertilizers have been used on the plat for several years-has been planted in corn and cot, ton-most of the time in cotton.
Preparotiotl.-WeJI broken with turning shovels, fertilizers applied in scooter furrows, and bedded on with turning shovel.
FertiH.z-ers.-App!ied 175 lbs. of fertilizer per acre in scooter furrow, rst of April, and bedded with turning shovel. The composts were made with green cotton seed and rich dirt, and 350 lbs. applied per acre.
They were made as follows : J. of the compounds and %of
cotton seed and dirt, all thrown into a heap together two or three weeks before using.
Planting.-Beds opened with small scooter, seed planted, and covered with a board, April 15th.
Cultivation.- Wo rked at intervals sufficient to keep the cotton clean, and in th e usual manner.
The seasons have been very r.nfavorable for cotton here-so much so, that fertilizers have not paid , the cotton making nearly as much where no fertilizers were used.
The plat was arranged in sets of rows 200 yds. long, and two rows of each set picked for the test.



I

'

__},


. Soil Test of Fertilizers.

9

lbs of Pickings lbs !'leed

Fertll izer

Cott~n

------..-- - - - - - - - - - 1 -p-er-a-cr-e. -1st -Zd 8-d 4-tb p-er a-cre.

a Ober's Soluble Acid Phosphate....... . .................

175 7 11 19 9 555.6

a Chappell's Champion Superphosphate.............."

175 SM 14 19 7~ 568.7

a Zell's Am'd Bone Superphosphate. - a Peerless Guano ...... ......... ..... .... .. ... .... ....... .. .......

175 10 12 17 7 555.6
s 175 11 21 9 592.9

Georg ia Fertilizer ... ....." .. ..... .. ............ ............

175 aX 10 20 13 6~.3

Minor's Am'd Superphosphate ............................. E mpire GuRno ...................... ......-"..................: .....

176 7~ 11 21 11 611
175 s;, 22 10 598.9

Ga. State Grange Dis. Bone ... ................................."

175 5}9 11 22 13 643.3

Phosphate Flour Cowposted with Cotton SeeL ......"

350 4 17 18 555.6

Gray's Fertillz'g Com. Composted'With Cotton Seed

350 3 6 18 18 432..1

Malbis' Chew. Compound Cowposted with rich dirt

350 3Y. 5 20 13~ 508.2

W ith out Fertilizer ...................................... .... .. ..

3 9 17 13 508.2

E xperiment of CHAS. B. IRWIN, Mt. Airy, Habersham Cowzty, on Corn.
Character of Soil-Gray, sandy, '."ith yellow clay subsoil; has been in cultivation about twenty years; the original growth was scrub hickory, red-oak and black-jack.
Previous Treatmmt-Land had been lying out in broomsedge for four years previous to 1876, when it was broken three times in January; first with a Watt plow, second and third with scooter. Four loads of stable manure, ashes and cow-lot manure, per acre, were then applied. 2nd corn planted. The plat is as uniform in quality as can wei! be found ' 'in the mountains," and as poor as any on the farm.
Preparafi01z-March 7th, r877, rows Jvere laid off fou r feet apart, and bedded out with four-inch scooter, 13 inches long. April 2oth, re-opened the water furrows deep, and planted "Yellow.stone mammoth" corn, 34 hill s to the roN, 35 yards in length . Seven different kinds of fer tili zers were u~ ed , and each applied by the hand in the hill at the rate of 200 lbs . per acre. Stern's Ammoniated Su perphosphate was composted as follows; viz, 500 lbs. of the supcnphosphate were thoroughly mixed with 1500 lbs. of stable manure, fre sh fr om the stalls, first arranged in layers, using 6o lbs. of manure and 20 of the

10

Soil Test of Ferttlt'ze1'S,

fertilizer alternately. After standing four weeks, it was cut down with mattocks and shoveled into a heap, where it remained two weeks before being applied.
The Reaves & J'.Jicholsoo's Acid Phosphate was received only a few days previous to planting the corn, and was prepared as follows; v iz , it was thoroughly mixed with stable manure in the ratio ot one pound of the phosphate to three of manure, and applied immediately to the crop.

Planting-The corn .vas ,dropped in the hill April zoth the fertilizers applied by the side of the seed, and both covered by one furrow of a three-inch scooter.

Cultivation-May 14th, the corn was sided with a four-inch

bar side scooter, four furrows to the row, loosening the earth

around the corn, and leaving it in fine condition. May z6th ,

hoed and brought to a stand. June 3oth, plowed second time



with double shovel, four furrows to the row. July 18th, hoed

second time. It was laid by July 26th, by plowing with double

shovel, two furrows to the row.

Ll>s. of Bush'Jsof Lbs. of Fertilizer Corn F odder per acre. per acre. per acre.

Stern's Ammoniated Superphosphate...........................

200

22.28 262.5

Without Fenllizer. ......... .............................................

11. 90 262.5

Stern's Ammoniated Superphosphate-composted .......

200

20.14 867.70

Without Fertilizer.......................................................

17.08 867.i5

Stern's Pure Fine Ground Bone....................................

200

22.28 341.5

Without FerUllzer................... ..................... ...............

17.83 259

rt'

Cotton Comp. Ammoniated Diasolved Bone Phosphate

200

26

315

Without Ferillizer.......................................................

17.83 346.5

aLeyden's Ammoniated Soluble Guano........................

200

24.11 341.1>

Without Fertilizer......................................................

17.08 315

aReaves & Nicholson's Acid Phopate COmpost......... ...

200

24.11

341.5

Without Fertilizer.......................................................

13.6

315

aStrong's Ammonlateu Superphosphate........... .............

200

26.74 315



Without Fertilizer.......................................................

17.08 315

The fodder was matured September 2oth, and the corn by zoth of October. The fodder on the fertilized rows was half



Sotl Test oj Fertilzzers.

II

'ourned up before the corn was sufficiently a.dvanced to allow fodder- pulling.

Seasom-There were stven tremendous rains on the plat between the time of breaking and planting, a slight rain April 21st, and a good one on 29th. In May, there were good rains on the 2d, 8th and 9th; after which there was no more rain until June roth, with cool nights and hot days, yellowing corn very much. June roth, half season; fine seasons on the 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, lOth, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21St, 23d and 27th, making the ground too wet to be \vorked for fifteen days. After the effect of these rains was over, it was very hot and

dry until 14th and rsth of July, when a fine season fell, fol-

lowed by another on the r8th, I 9th, 23d and 24th. It was very

hot from July 24th to August rst, when a fine season fell, fat-



lowed by others on the 2d, 3d and 7th. No more rain fell

until the 22d, when there was a partial season. Fine rain on

the 25th; after which there was very little until 2oth to 23d

September, when there was a fine season.

E xperiment of ]. B. WARE, HogatmJTlle, Heard county, o" Cotton.

S oil.-Dark mulatto, been in cultivation forty-seven years; original f.:>rest, red-oak, post-oak and poplar. No fertilizer was used ou it in r876.
Previous Treatment.-The plat has been planted in corn and cotton alternately for years, except that it was sown in small grain about once in five years. It has been fertilized only four times before this crop.
Preparation.-It was broken with a two.Jlorse plow in Jan uary, the fertilizers applied and bedded upon on the 24th of March.
Plantitzg.-The cotton was planted about the 15th of April in a shallow furrow opened with a small scoote.r, and covered with a board.
Cultivation.-May roth, sided with scooter and chopped to two stalks to the hill; June rst and 2oth, plowed with scooter and scrape two furrows to the row; July 12th, ran one furrow to the row with wide scrape.
The f~llowing table shows the results:

.




/

12

Soil Test of Fertilizttrs.

r lbs. o

POUNDS OF SEED CoTTON.

Fertil- 1st 2nd 3rd 4th per

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -I- - - - - - - izer pick-J?ick- pirk- pick- acre. per acre lug. thg. log. log.

E. Frank Coe's Am'd Bone Superphosphate........ 300

7 5 945

. "

200 5.5 5 6 100 4 3.5 4

i87.5 4.5 560

Stern's Am'd SupelPhosphate............. ......... 300

7

6 910

"

"

"

Cumberland Bone Co.'s Superphosphate..............

20/l 4 5

5 735

100

G 2 560

300 Al 8

945

"
a Bahama Soluble Guano.................................

200 4 7 7 5 805

100 3.5

8 687

300

8 6

840

200 4 100 4

6.5 8 6

5 822 3 595

Whann'a Raw Bone Supherphosphate.- ........... 300 6.5 9 6.5

916

200 4 7 8 5 805

a Sea Fowl Guano..............................................
" "
Sea Gull Am'd Dissolved Bone..........................

100 4 6 5 4 660

300 G

7 5 910

200 4

6 7 805

100

4 3.5 682

300 4.5 8 6 6 357

.
a Chesapeake Gua"lo......................... -

200 2 100 1.5 300! 6.5

''
"

u
..

. . ................................. -
- --

200 4 1
1001 3.5

Without FertUlzer ... ....................... ........... ...... .......... .......

5 8 6 735

4 6 3 507

8.5 7

910

G

iOO

5.5 4 8 595 ................ 335

Seasons good till August. "Sent by mistue.

Experiment of M. B. WARD, S1uai1tsboro, Emanuel cozltzty.

Soi/.-Sandy', with light clay sub-soil; been in cultivation ten years; planted in ~orn in 1876; original growth pines and wire grass.
Previous T_reatmmt.-Has been well cultivated alternately in corn and cotton, and fertilized with commercial fertilizers.

Preparation.-It was deeply broken with a turn-plow pre

/
I






Sozl Test of Fertt'ltzeh.

vious to planting. The plat was or. the east side of the hill. March 15th, fe rtilizers were applied in deep furrows, and the land bedded with a turning-plow. Th.e rows were three feet apart.
Planting.-The cotton was planted April 2oth. Cultivatiofl.-Chopped to a land May roth and plowed with a sweep; hoed May 2,5.th, and plowed again with sweep June sth; hoed again, 1une 20th, followed by another sweeping, and "laid by." The following table shows the results:
Lbs. of Lbs. of Seed Fertilizer Coltun per acre. p er acre.

W ithout Fertilizer........... ...........................................................

273

a Sea Gull Amoniated Dissolved Bone.................................... . ...

250

567

a Soluble Paci fic Guano......................................................... ._..

2SO

514

a Russell Coe's Ammoniated Bone Snper-l"hqsphnte......:.............

250

546

a Whann's Raw Bone Super-Phosphate.............................. .........

250

525

a Loren tz & Ri!Uers Ammonia ted Solubl e Bone.........................

250

56 7

S easons.-About the third plowing a drouth set in which

lasted nearly four weeks, causing the cotton to cease growin g

and shed its forms. This, connected with extreme hot weather,

seriously reduced the yield. .

'

E xperimmt uj B. C. SMITH, Cold Water, Elbert cormty,

Georgia, Otl Coitotl.

Soil.-Dark gray, with coarse gravel; subsoil yellowish

clay on red clay foundation; level upland; original growth,

oak and hickory mixed with pine. It was turned out thirty-

seven years ago, and had grown up in pine with some dog-

wood and persimmon.

Previous Treatmwt a1td Preparation of the Soil.-A good

crop of oats was made on the land the last year of its cultiva-

tion before being turned out. It has not been under fence
since until the present year. Timber haii been cut from it

occasionally for eight years past, and finally all cut down in

the summer of 1876. The brush was burned and the land

well broken with small "square-pointed" "gopher'' the latter part

of las t winter. May 3d, opened rows three feet apart with com-

Soil Test of FertiNzers.

mon shoYel, put in 200 lbs fertilizer to th e acre and bedded

..

with turning shotel. The p'at was arranged as directed in

.

special circular :No. 32 .

P.reparatio?t of Compnst.-The Palmetto Acid Phosphate was

-composted with cotton seed and stable manure, using equal

weights of the three ingredien s in alternate layers, adding

water to :each, so that the heap was lV"iformly moist when

completed. The heap was made in the stable on the 2d day

of April, and remained until the 3d of May.

.f/lanti11g.- May 3d, opened the top of the bed ;;rith a very

small plow, and covered the seed by a list with the same plow.

The list was quite small and neat, requiring no "knocking

off."

Cultivation.-May z8th, edged with narrow plow, and

dressed the list with iron rake. June 2d, edged with a plow

which is used here by several good farmers in the second

working of cotton, an.d locally called a "cropped buzzard,"

nine inches from tip to tip of the wings. June 4th, chopped

to a stand; June 22d, plowed; July 2d, hoed; July 15th

plowed ; July 27th, plowed and hoed; commenced gathering

the crop September gth with following results:

Remarks.-The ashes from the -burnt brush heaps may have

affected to some extent the results.

Lbs. of P ounds of Seed Cotton.

- - - Fertilizer 1st
per acre.

pk'g 2d pk'g 3dpk'g
--- ---

Per acre.

- - - - - -lb-s. o-z. -lb-s. -oz. -lbs. -oz.

a Stern's Ammoniated Superphosphate.... ...

200 10-13 4-11 1-8 1,190

Without Fertilizer .. ........ ........................

2-13 5-8 1-11

a Preston & Son's'Ammo'ated Superphosphate

200 10-8 4-1 1-1 1,094

Without Fertilizer_............................ . ...... .

1-10 4-8 1-11

a Brighton's Raw B onQ Superphosphate.........

200 8-7 5-1 1-9 1,055

Without Fertilizer .........................................

1-H 4-5 2

a Peruvian Guano No.1, r eotil'd Lobes Island

200 12-9 4-18 1-12 1,339

Without Fertilizer..........................................

0-14 4---5 1-13

a Palmetto Acid Phosphate Compost...............

200 8-13 5-3 2-8 805

Without Fertilizer........................................

1-5 5-1 1-15

Merryman's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone........

200 8-5 5-18 1-6 1,085

Average of Unfertilized Rows..........................

1-11 4-13 1-18 590

(




Soz1 Test of Fertilzzers.

Seasons.-The land was dry at the time of planting-mod-.. erate shower the following night, (May 4th); June 5th, light shower. June 9th light rains commenced aud continued occasionally until the 14th, when the land became thoroughly wet. Weather continued cloudy and cool until 27th. No more nin until July 13th, then an excess to 22d. Light rain on 31st, after which there was no more until September uth. The burning heat of the snn in August injured the cotton crop very much.
Remarks on the Use of F ertilt'zers Last Season.-The season has not been favorable to the profitable use of fertilizers. After the July rains, the cotton plant took ou an unusually rapid growth, especially where strong manures were used, but the succeeding dry weather accompanied by intense heat of the sun, cut off a large proportion of the fruit of this growth which was the principal disaster of the crop.

Experiment of JoHN L. BRANCH, Cedartowll, Polk Cu., Ga., 011 Cotton.

Soz1.-Chocolate loam, with mulatto clay subsoil-has been
\n cultivation 35 years. Original growth, oak, hickorv, and pine

Previous Tredtmmt.-The land ha; been continuously cropped without fertilizers until r872, when it was fertilized in cotton. It was in oats in 1873, rested in 1874, was in corn in

z875, and rested in 187.6.

Preparatz'on -The land was broken in February with onehorse Watt and Avery plows, bedded April I 7th with the Brinle}' plow. The plat was arranged and crop gathered as directed

in special circular No. 32. The beds were opened, April 2 rst, with

a two-inch scooter with a triangular block attache d, making a smooth furrow, in which both the seed and fertilizer were de-

.

posited, and covered with a block.



Application of Fertilt'zers.=Etiwan .Dissolved Bone was com-

posted as follows: one-third, by 1\'eight, of pho~phate was mixed

with two-thirds manure taken from fowl house, cow stalls, and

scrapings from under a house. All the fertilizers were applied at the rate of 200. lbs per acre.

Cultzvatio11.-The cotton was sided with a Watt plow, May



16

Sozl Ttst o.f Fertz7zzers.

17th, and chopped out on the 18th, plowed with sweep on the

28th, an'd hoed to a stand. Plowed with sweep June 22d.

The ground having been reqde red very compact by heavy

rains, it was pl owed, July 12th, by siding with the Watt plow,

throwing the dirt to the middle. Another object in thus plowing, was to have the l~nd in

better condition to be sown in oats at the last plowing. July

30, sown in oats and plowed with sweep.

==========~==================~===T========~

Jbs. of P'DS SEED COTTON

FertiHzer from

per

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -p-er-acr-e. -2 r-ows-. -acre-.

a Sardy's Phosp~o Peruvian Guano.......... ...... ..........

200

12

840

Without F ertilizer ......... ... ............................................... ......... .... ..

8.25 577. 5

a Zell' Am'd Bone Superphosphate........................... ......

200

95 765

Without Fertilizer............... ......... ..................~............... ...............

7

490

a Eliwan Crop Food Chemicals.......................................

200

630

Without Fertilizer................. ...................:.......... ............ ...............

5.5 . 3ll5

a Eagle Am'd Bone Superphosphate...............................

200 '.10.5 735

Without Fertilizer............................ ........ ...................................

a Georgia State Grange Fertilizer...............,..................

200

4?<J
13.5 945

Without Fertilizer...... ... ...... .......................................... .

560

Etiwan Dissolved .Bone Compost....................... ...............

200

10.5 735

Without Fertilizer...... ............................................................. ......

490

Seasons-The nights through the .spring were quite cold,

causing cotton to come up slowly, so that a good stand was

not secured until about the 18th of May. April 7th and 13th, heavy rain; April 27th, light rain; May 6th, 2oth and 21st:

(

good season. Rain June 9th, 14th, 15th, 16th, r8th and

23d. July 23d, very heavy rain, with storm; rsth, good sea-

son; r 7th, heavy rain; rain on x8 th, 23d, 24th and 25th of

J uly. August 1st and 8th, light rain; and 22d, a good seas0n.

September, October and November have been unusually wet.

November 4th, frost killed cotton leaves; Novembe1 1 rth, kill-

ing frost. A short drought, with excessiv.e' heat, t he latte r part

of August and first of September, caused cotton to lose its top

crop.

.

Remarks-Observation during the present and past years has

convinced me that the best 1esults are obtained from fertilizers

Sot'l Test oj Fe1#lz'zers.

17

by putting them with the seed; and of the amnoniated or other highly concentrated guanos, not more than Iex> pounds per acre should be used. The margin for profit wit'n tbese guanos is too small for farmers to risk more than that anount per acre. The balance of the seven. acre field on which the experiment was made, was manured with the fertilizers furuished, 100 lbs. per acre, and there was no perceptible differen<l! between that and the cotton on the plat.
Experiment of J. M. Cox, Woodville, Greene CoUJty, on Cotton.
Soil-Sandy upland, that has been in cultivati~n fifty years or more.
Prevz~us Treatment-It was cultivatea in grain sever~l years
in succession previous to 1874, when about' 400 lbs. of lot manure were applied pe~ acre, and the land cultivated in cotton. In 1875 it was in cotton, fertilized with xso lb'l. of Bradley's Ammoaiated Superphosphate. In 1876 it was sown i:l oats, on which no fertilizer was used.
Preparati01z-Plat arranged as directed in special circular No. 32. Fertilizers distributed, at the rate ~f zoo lbs. per acre, in scooter furrow, April 8th, and land bedded on the same day with one-horse Brinley turn-plow.
Planting-April z6th the beds were opened with a coulter, and the seed sown and covered with Dow Law planter.
Cultivatt'o~-May gth, sided with a sweep; zxst, chopped to . a stand ; zsth, sided with' scooter and split the middles with one sweep furrow. June xsth, hoed the second time; 18th, plowed again. July, sided with sweep and hoed; x6th, ran one furrow in the middles with sweep. Dry and hot weather from July x6th to middle of September, caused cotton to throw off at least one-third its crop.
2





18

Sn'l Test of Fertilt"zers.

POUNDS Oil' SE&D CoTTON.

lbs of l ~t 2~d s~ 4t,h per Fertll- pk g, pk g, pk g, pk g, acre.
lzer Sept & pt . Oct. Nov. -.
- - - - - - - - - - per acre lOth. 29th. 25th. 20th.
--------~----- 1--- -

q; J:'atapsco Soluble Gua'O...........................

200 4

...... ...... Without Fertilizer.....,........ ......................

0

3.75 7.25 1. 75 686.25 1.5 8.75 2.76 280

a Pendleton's Am'd SJperphosphate..........

200 5

............ Without Fet tlllzer.....................................

0

4.5 7.75 1.5 656.25 1.25 4.5 8 306.25

Pendleton's Am'd ~Phosphate................. 200 4.5 5

8.5 1

............ Without Fer tilizer,,..... ..................... .........

0

1.5 4.75 2

695 288 .75

Peru <Inn G uano, NJ, 1 Rectifted,Lolloslsl'nd 200 4
Without FertUiz&'................. .................. ............ 0

4.U 9.75 2.5 717.5 1.75 4.5 2 288.75

Guanibanl Guanc.....................................

200 0 ~ 1.25 4.75 3 815

............ .wtthout Fertlll:er......................................

0 1.5 4.5 2.5 291.5

Zell's .Am'd BoJe Superphosphate.............

200 4.25 5.5 8

2 6SH.25

Without Feru:J<er.................... ......... .........

0

2

4

8 Slli

(

&pen'tnc#t of RoBERT BuRTON, Ellavz'tle, Schley Cou1zty, 011
~.
Cotto1l.

Soil-Sandy upland, with clay enough to bake and become

ha1d in drought; subsoil red clay; has been in cultivation

forty-nine years ; in peas in 1876; plat as uniform in quality

of soil as could be found, and near the centre of a large clear-



ing. Original growth, part oak and part hickory.

Prroious Treatment-Ha,s been planted in corn and cotton

for thirty-seven years; was never manured except with cotton

seed when in corn. It was planted in speckled peas in 1876.

I

Pnparatirm-April 1st, fun;ows were opened across the pea

rows with scooter plow as deep as one mule could pull it. A

large shovel was run in the same furrow in which the fertili-

zers were distributed and listed upon with a square-pointed

scooter, and the beds finished with a six-inch shovel. The

plat was arranged as directed in special circular No. 32.

.Applicatioli of Fertilizers-The fer tilizers were applied at

the rate of 200 lbs. per acre. The compost was made accord-.

ing to formula No. x, circular No. 42, and applied at the rate

of 400 lbs. per acre.



,.

Sot'l Test of Fertt'lt'zers.

19

Planting-The cotton was planted April 27th, with a Dow Law planter, covering with a board.
Cultivation-The cotton was chopped thr01gh with the hoe May 18th; plowed with scooter and scraper Iay 23d; hoed well June tzth; ground in seasonable condition Plowed July 3d, hoe following the plow; very dry; cotton lotSy. The stand was good. July 14~h plowed with sweep; very'lry.

LBS. OF !ED COTTON.

Lbs. of 1st 2d 3d 4th

Fpeerrtailcirzee.r

ge'kp'f.

p0'kct'g.

P 'g ot.

.~,j >o'kv' g.

Per Acre.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3-. -6-. -1- -20-. - -

aPeruv. Guano Reclf'd No.l-Lobos Island

200 4,5 8

8 6 770

Without Fertilizer............................ .. .. 0

aSardy's Phospho Peruvian.......................

200 8

8.5 2. 5.5 3

4 332.5 4.5 560

Without Fertilizer.. .. . ....... ....................... oooo ooou oo no 0

3 8 4 350

aWilcox &; Gibbs' Manip~ated Guano ......

200 3

............... Without Fertilizer ..................................

0

5.5 u 4 525
8 2.5 4.5 350

,

aEmplre Guano........................................

200 4

4.5 8

571

Without Fertilizer. ................................. .......... .. . 0

6 z,.s

832

Leyden's Ammoniated ~oluble Guano......

200 2.75 4

2

8 411



Without Fertilizer................................' .. ................ 0

3

2:5 4 832

.

Atlantic Acid Pho~hate Compost............

400 1.75 5

Without Fertilizer ................................. ............... 0

8

8.5 6 588 2 3 332

Stable manure, lsL qual!Ly.......................

400 1.5 4 :.U 4 120

Without Fertilizer.................................. ............... 0

3 4 2 :m

'

Atlantic Acld Phosphate Compost........, ..~

800 2.75 6

5

6 69)

Without Fertilizer................................. ............. ......... ......... ...........................

:::;;r: ::~:~~..~~.~~~.~~~:.~.~.~~~::::::: !

100 3 100 3.5

5

4.5 4 511

5.5 4

3 571

Seasons.- Dry, with cool nights, up to the 5th of June, when there were some light showers, sufficient to make it sc::asonable until the 14th, after which it was very dry to the 17th of July, when the best rain of the season fell. Cool nights produced lice, which injured cotton more than drouth.
R emarks 'on the Use of Fertilizers.-The re is g~neral complaint that fertilizers did ~ot pay, but my observation is that where cotton was not manured with something it did not pay

20

Sil Test of Fertzlizers.

for cultivation . Co post paid best in proportion to cost. It is my first experim!lt with it but will not be my last. It is certainly greatly tl the interest of farmers to prepare their own fertilizers.

Experiment of Simeon Smith., Stone Mountain, DeKalb

County , on Cottou.

Soil.-Clayey upland; been" in cultivation about thirty

years; originai ~rowth oak, chestnut and hickory, princi.Pally.

Previous T1Mtment.-The plat has been run in cotton for

the past twelvr or fifteen years, except the year 1874, when it

was in wheat.manured with . rso bushels of cotton seed and

about 150 pomds of guano. ABout 200 pounds of -guano were

applied per .ere every year for cotton.

PreparatfJn.-Broke out the old cotton rows and bedded

with comm,n turn shovel. Rows thirty-five yards long, and

three fee t vide.

Applica/Jitt o.f Fertili'zers. -The beds were opened with a

small shoyel and the"fertilizt::rs distributed in thi; furrow with ~ the seed t the rate of 200 pounds per acre. The compost

was made according to formula No. r, Circular No 42.,



P lani'ng ._._Seed planted in shovel furrow with the ft>rtilizer, as above, on the 18th of April. Plat arranged as directed in

Special Circular o. 32.

Cullivation.-May roth, sided with sweep and ~!>locked out ;



May 3oth, hoed to a stand; June 12th, sided with sweep ;

July 5th, sided with sweep, and on the qth one sweep fur-

row was run in the middle. The crop was hoed regularly and

kept clean.


:





Soil Test of Fertilizers.


2I

Lbs. of Fertilizer

Pou 8 OP SEED COTTON. Di.f!trmlt Pickings. Per



Per Acre. 1st !d '3d 4th acre.
- - -- -- -- -- - - - - - - - - - - lbs. oz. lbs. oz. lbs. oz. lbs."oz.

Ammoniated Soluble Bone-Pratt..

200 4-4 4-6 7-0 1-2 1172

Without Fertilizer......................
a Bale's Guano.....................................

2--4 8-1 6-12 2-0 980
200 o-2 4-10 7--{) 6-10 121G

Without Fertilizer.. ... ............

2--4 2-1 6-14 2--{) 971

II

a Barry's Granger Fertilizer..................

200 6--{) 4-4 6--0 6-10 1181

..

Without Fertlllzer............................... Atlantic Acid Phosphate..................

2-8 3--0 G-8 2y{) 9SO
200 8-8 4--0 7--4 1-8 1157

Without Fertilizer....- .................... .

1--0 2-8 1--0 2-4 422

Brighton's.Raw Bone Superphosphate...

200 3--2 4-2 &o-10 1--{) 1041

Without Fertilizer.,...... ..... ....

2-0 2--4 7-4 2-8 980

Merryman's Am'd Dissolved Bone........

200 4-6 8-14 6-l4 6-10 1102

Wlthout Fertilizer.. .. . ....... Ragsdale's Am'd Bone Superphosphate Without ,Fertilizer.................

1-8 2-12 H 2-8 910
. 200 8-12 8-14 6-6 1-8 1087 1-0 2-8 6-1 2-8 892

a Peruvian Guano.:...... ......

200 3-12 3- 5-12 1-8 1017

a Peruvian Gue.no...............

100 2-2 2-10 5--{) 1--12 807

a Peruvian Guano Compost...........

200 2-10 2-10 6-12 1-12 892

a Peruvian Guano Compost.............. ,..

(00 4-8 2-12 6-12 --4 1121

aS. C. Phosphate Flour Compost.......

200 2-8 8-2 6-2 1-12 (13G

a S. C. Phosphate Flour Com post..........

400 2-10 3-2 6-8 2-0 997

Seasons.-April 19th heavy rain, 26th light, 27th heavy. 1\iay 4th light rain, 7th good rain. June sth very light rain, ~oth ~ood rain, 12th light rain, 13th gooo rain, 27h light rain. July 6th light rain, 17th, 22nd, and 31st good rain. Augusf znd, l3th, and zznd good rain. ' The rains being light the latter part of June, and first of July, the cotton stopped growing and fruit- ing, especially on the fertilized rows; the unfertilized rows continued to grow and fruit,
Remarks.-This experiment was conducted on the ~me plat of land as No. r, of 1875 A comparison of the best results in the two experiments shows 158 lbs. seed cotPn per acre in favor of the unfertilized rows in 1877, notwith. anding the land was heavily manured for wheat in 1874, wh~e there





22

Soil Test of Fertilt'zers.

are 726 lb3. seed cotton per acre in favor of 1875 in the results

from the fertilized rows. Thitf indicates that when the same



rows which were fertilized the previous year are planted, t e

residue of the fertilizers exerts a decided influence upon the

crop (as was pl1inly dem onstrated b.y Dr. Pendleton in his ex

periment at Atlens), as well as the injurious effects of the ex-

cessive use of fertilizers in dry seasons.

Again, in ?Jr. Smith's experiment, in r875, he says: "The

(wheat) stub!# was turned over with a one horse Avery plow

in February ; run off and bedded with the same plow in March.

..

On the 7th of April a common shovel plow was run in the wa-

ter fMrrow ill which the guano was distributed. * * * *

"A small b~ll-tongue plow was then run in the furrow, mixing

the guano with the soil. Bedded with turn plow."

In 18751 stubble was turned under to furnish humus, an excellent abiorbent of moisture, the fertilizers were applied deep,

and mixed with the , soil. In J877, all of the fertilizers were

appl ied pear the surface with the seed, and were, therefore,

seriously injurious to the plant in time of drouth.

&pertzent of A. OGLETREE, Georgetow1z, Quitman Coou12ty, on Cotton.
Soil-Red, with good clay subsoil, six vears in cultivationmade r 2 bushels corn per acre in 1876 without fertilizer, and crops previously grown upon it were above an average of those of this section.
Previous. Treatment.-Been well cultivated since it was cleared, but never fertilized before this year.
Preparation.-The plat was one square acre, measured. Februa-y sth opened deep furrows, three feet apart, with diamondpoilted scooter, and bedded out with six inch torn plow, 14 inclles long
.Fertilization.-April 9th a 7X14-inch shovel was run in the water furrow and the fertilizers distributed in this at the rate of ~oo lbs per acre. The beds were then reversed with turn. ing plow.
L);fd's Alkaline Fertilizer was com p osted as follows : r,soo lbs. oi cotton seed were mixed with soo Ibs. of the Fertilizer

..

So! Test of Ferlt'hzers.

.

in the following manner-A layer of cotton seed, three inches t~ick, was spread under shelter and made wet. On this <t por.

tion of the Fertilizer was spread. This was continued till all

the ingredients were consumed. The pile was then covered

with lot manure and allowed to stand ten days.

Pla-ztitzg.-April gth, the beds were opened with a small

scooter, with block attached. In th is furrow tie seed were

sown by hand, and covered with a board.

Cultivatiott.-May 7th, barred off with short tum plow and

blocked out; 28th, plowed out with twenty inch solid ~weep,

and hoed to a stand, two stalks to the hill, tweoty inches

apart; June 16th, plowed out wi~h wing swt:ep, vety shallow,

following with hoes; July 1oth, plowed shallow, tith wing

sweep, and hoed; 3rst, swept lightly.

LBS. OF SKE CO'ITON.

F~~M!er 1st 2d i_~TIPer
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - per acre. tk'g~ pk'g.,~~

a Soluble Sea Island Guano..........- ......................... ,

200 12 12 .711~76.2~

a Peerless Guano................~...................................

200 14

1 05

*Ladd's Alkaline Fertilizer..... ................................

200 8 14 . 2!111 .

Without Fertilizer...................................................

6 12 .i5 t.2~

1rornished by the D gpartment in 1876, but received too late for use that seas(l-



kept over and used this soason .

Seasons.-Good to 15t]l June, after which there was one

rain and very hot weather, until August 2oth.

Remarks.-Fe;tilizers have. had but little effect in th!s sec-

tion, in consequence of continueq drouth, from June to Sep

tember.

Experiment of R . \V. EvERETT, Rockman, Polk Comzt,, mz Cotto1l.
S oil.-" Red Slate," 45 feet rleep-has been cleared mor than 30 years-been cultivated 17 years-was a horse-lot priqr to that-soil scraped away with the t;Janure. Original grow , oak and hickory.
PrMtiotts Treatmmt.- 'o fertilizers, commerc;al or domes-
.1

4



24

Soz'l Test of Fertiltzers.

tic, ever used ,ti this plat before this year. It has been sown
in wheat twicl1 planted in corn twice, and in cotton 12 tirfles. This is the ~\ird consecutive cotton crop-was in wheat in

1874 Preparat#ll,-March 19th, opened a furrow in the middle of
the rows ofJhe previous year's planting, using scooter, followed
by an eightinch scrape. March 24th the fertilizers were deposited in his furrow, and covered with two furrows with the Watt pl . Plat arranged as directed in special circular

No. 32. Fertz'/Fation.-The fertilizers were applied at the rate of 200
lbs. peracre, except the composts, which were used at ~he rate

of 400 .s. per acre.

Theotable manure and cotton seed compost was made by

using qual quantities of these substances in alternate layers-



allowd to stand two weeks in layers--cut down, thoroughly

mixel, and allowed to remain several days before using.

panting.-April 15th the middles, which were not broken

m vering the fertilizers, were split with scooter and 18 inch

sc e.

n the 18th the beds were opened with a small scooter, the

coton planted, and covered with a harrow.

'Cultivation.-May 2nd a one-horse harrow wa:~ run over the

cltton row, to break the crust formed after a heavy rain, 27th

April. May 18th sided close with barrow, the ground be-

~'ng very dry. May 21st chopped out, leaving from four to six

stalks to the hill. June xst sided second time with harrow.

June gth reduced to stand, leaviog from one to three stalks

every 10 inches. After thi-s, it was sided ever.y 14 days, with

an occasional hoeing, and laid by clean on the 2oth July by

running three furrows with wing sweep, after sowin~ the land

m oats.




Sotl Test of Fetttltze-rs.

25

lbs. of POUN:D 011 SEED CoTTON.
Fi;!1 1st 2nd Brd per per acre pk'g. pk'g. pk'g. acre.

j :Bradley's Pat. eupphos. of Lime..... ..................

200 8

8.5 4

14.35

Soluble Pacific Guano..................................

200 8.5 9

4.5 Hi.40

a Etlwan Diss. :Bone, 24 per cent. composted.....

400 12

9.5 5

18.55

Stable Manure and Cotton Seed Compost.............

400 12.5 11

19.25

a :Barry's Chemical Fertilizer ............... ............

200

9 4 15.40

a Ladd's Alkaline Fertilizer ............... ................

200 7

7.5 3.5 12.60

Without F~rtillzer ... ... ... .... ......... . ...... .... .... .. . . .. ........ ... 5

6.5 4

10.85

Seasons-have been remarkably propitious for making~rops,

but very destructive to gathering. The lateness of frost was

exceedingly favorable to colton, whicp has opened beyond the

expectations of the most sanguine. Mr. Everett says: "Fertilizers have paid me better this year

than at any period of my experience. It is my candid opinion that domestic fertilizers should b~ more carefully saved and

manipulated, and that they pay a better per cent. than any

others.

"According to my jlldgment and experience, commercial

fer tilizers pay best on stubble, and when Georgia begins to

plant Olt/y stzibble land, her success, agriculturally, is assured. Hoed crops should always be succeeded by small grain."

Experiment of SAMUEL M. CARTER, of Mitn'ay Cormty, Dalton, P. 0., o1z Cot1on.
Soz"l.-Dark sandy gray loam-bottom land-was cleared previous to the settlement of the county by the whites, O\ er forty years ago.
Previous Treatment.-The land was planted in corn in 1874, in cotton in r875, and wheat in r876. o fertilizer except" stable manure was ever applied before this year.
Prept!ratiott.-In 1\'larch, two furrows were thrown together with Avery turning plows, JVithout breaking the c~ntre furrow. April 12th and 13th, opened the two furrows thrown together, with scooter plow, applied the fertilizer, and threw two more furrows on it.
Fertilt"zation.-The fertilizers were applied at the rate of

26

Soil Test of Fertzlizers.

zoo lbs. per acre. Before applying they were mixed with rich earth as a divisor.
Pla1ll~ng.-Apri1 zzd and 23d, broke !lut the middles, and planted with Dow Law planter, covering with pole, havin g shafts in thl'! middle, and running over two rows at once.
CultivaHon.-First working done with Avery double shov~, after which it was chopped out, next sided with same plow, and reduced to a stand; 3d plowing, same as second; 4th, threw dirt to the cotton with one,horse Avery plow, and broke out the middles with gopher or solid sweep. The rows being only three and a half feet wide, twice to the row with double shovel cleaned them well.

LBS. OF SSED CoTTON.

Lbs. of

Fertilizer lst 2d 3d Per
- - - - - per acre. pk'g. pk'g. -pk'g. acre.



Oct. Oct. Nov.

- - - - - - 4th. -26th. - - lOth.



r

a Stern's Ammoniated Superphosphate............

200 482 65S 860 1500

Without Fertilizer..................................................

298 542 300 1140

a Georgia Fertilizer..................................................

200 536 664 178 1878

Without Fertilizer ..................._ ............................ EUwan Dissolved Bone, 29 per cent...........................

858 642 1201 1020 200 210 900 540 1680

Without Fertilizer................................................... 75lbs. of Soluble Pacific, 75lbs. of Guanape and 500

300 420

960

2401

lbs. of of stabl e compost mixed............................. Without Fertilizer........ ........~....:..........................

650 600 840 1801 1620 3& 840 240 144o

Other Experiments.-"The best result fro~ experiment made

this year was from twenty-five bushels of sound cotton s~ed ,

bedded on early in March, and at planting time applying roo

lbs. of Soluble Pacific Acid Phosphate. The cotton grew off,

and did better than any I had.''

Remarks o1z the Use of F ertilize?'s on I 877.-The season has

been a remarkably fine one this fall, for opening the erop, be-

ing some twenty-five days longer than
quently on bottom lands there is not

the average, a very great

a

ndd.ffceor:eJns~ee-

between manured and unmanured land. The cotton has all

opened on both, and unless there were spots which were dis-

\

..



\
\

Sot! Test of Fertiltzet's.

27

posed to rust, and which the manure remediPd, (as in the

case of the Etiwan Dissolved Bone) the difference was not very great.



The Guanape was received too late to be tested on the same

plat with the others. It was applied to cotton on bottom

land. A very poor stand was secured, but it made nearly

three-fourths of ct bale per acre, with not over 2,5oo stalks on

the acre,
&perimmt of J. C. BREWER, of Heard County, on Cotton.

PLAT No. 1. Soz1.-Sandy-cleared in x86o. It was orig-

inally good, and h!s been manured every year. It has been

rotated in corn, wheat and cotton. It was in wheat in 1876;

after the wheat was harvested ,it was planted in peas, which

were turned under in the fall.

Preparaton.-The land was plowed deep during the winter.

In April, moderately deep furrows ~ere opened three feet

apart, the fertilizers applied, and a.subsoil plow run in the fur-
row to mix the fertilizers with the soif. The Jand was then

bedded and the cotton planted April 2xst.

Cultivatio!Z.-When the cotton had threeleaves it was sided

with subsoil plow, and chopped to a stand. The subsequent

cultivation was shallow, and done with s~ort scooters and heel

scrapes. Eight furrows were run in each row. during the cul-

tivation, and the cotton hoed four times.

The National Soluble Bone was composted with cotton seed

and stable manure-2oo lbs. of the bone to ten eushels of

cotton seed, and twelve bushels of stable manure, were mixed

and put up with boiling water; and hot rocks put in the centre.

It lay in compost ten days.

The Commercial Fertilizers were applied at the rate of 200

lbs. per acre, the Compost was applied at the rate 6oo lbs. per

acre to bring the cost per acre nearly to that of the Commer-

cial Fertilizer.



'





28

Sozl fest of Fertzltzers.

PLAT No. t



Lbs. of YrELD IK SEED COT'rON PER ACRE.

fertlll- l--,..-- - : - - - , - - - . . . , - - zer
pex;acre 1st 2d 3d 4th
- - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - -p-k'g-. pk-'g.-p-k'g-. -pk-'g. -T-ota-l.

............ Natural Soil.............................................

my. 490 490 420 1677K

a 1lo1Destead Super-Phosphate................ 200 467 770 467 280 19S.

. Ilea Fowl Guano (B. D.) ............................. a Blue Bone Supe.r-Phosphate...............:....

200 490 630 490 289 1884 200 420 840 490 270 2020

............ Natural Soil.............................................

178 860 1>100 410 1844

a Peruvian Guano No.2 (Guanape)........... 200 468 630 520 347 1973

a Abaco Guano............... .......................

200 387 637 537 317 1778

a National Soluble Bone Compost............

GOO 457 630 457 350 1894

............ Natural Soil.....................~........................

178 41.!0 420 406 1424

PLAT No. 2.-This plat bas been cleared about forty yearshas rested two or three years-sandy ash colored-good when firs t cleared. In I 87 4 it was in oats, which were ruined by rust. Broken in all of 1874 with turning plow, followed by subsoil, running ten inches deep. Planted in corn in 1875 1 manured with twen~-five bushels of cotton seed per acre. Planted in cotton in 1876, with Ioo lbs. Commercial Fertilizer per acre.

Lb f Lbs. !;BED COTTON

ferUtf-

PERIACRR.

zer per acre 1st 2d
----...,....--- - - - - - - - - - - - -p-k'g-. p-k'g-T-ot..'\-1,
Natural Boll, .............................................................................. 420 175 b95

a National Soluble Bone ComJ10Bt................................... 600 770 123 893

a Peru--:ian Guano No 2. (Guannpe)................................ 200 735 118 843

..

a Homestead Super-Phosphate....................................... 200 840 106 848

Na.tlll'lll Soil .......................................:........! ................ ...... ...... 420 175 595

o,Blue Bone Super-Phosphste........ .................................. 200 718 158 876

aAbnco Guano...............................................................

200 786 196 931

Sea Fowl Guano (B. D.) .................................................

200 840 210 1060

Natural Boll.............................................................................. 420 228 648








\

Soil Test of Ferliltzers.

PLAT No. 3.-Soil.-Very good red clay soil, with fine red' clay sub;oil-cleat:ed in x8sg-has been rotated in corn, wheat, and cotton. It was sown in wheat in x86g, and heavily dressed with barn -yard compost-has not been fertilized since, until this year.

~~tiJ~ LBS SBl!D OOTTON PER .I.CRE.

zer 1st 2nd Srd per acre pk'g. pk'g. pk'g. Total.
----------------11------------.---

............ Natural Soil......................................................

a Peruvian Guano No.2 (Guanape)..................

200

105 805 210 1155

.28(} 1190
262 1627

a Homestead Superphosphate...........................

200 210 1120 244 1574

a .4.baco Uuano....... ......~..................................

200 280 1120 288 163S

............ Natural Soli......................................................

140 770 296 1206

~a Fowl Guano (B. D.) ....................................

200 815 1155 210 149~

a Blue Bone Superphophate............................

200 210 1190 ~46 1645

a Nations.! Soluble Bone Compost......... ............

600 180 73-'i 350 1265

PLAT No. 4.-Soil.-Red, with fine red clay subsoil-cleared in the fall of 187 4, and sown late in wheat, and one bu~hel per acre of red ripper peas so.Yn at the same time: Th,ese came up the next sprmg, and, after the wheat was harvested, made a good coat of vines. In 1876 it was planted in cotton, fertilized with 200 lbs. per acre of Potapsco Guano.

l,bs, Of[LBS SEED COTTON" PER ACBK fertili-
zer 1st 2nd Srd ,
- - - - - - - - - - - - - -per-acre-p-k'g.-p-k'g.-p-k'g.-. -To-tal-.

............ Naturol Soil................................ ....................

175 700 490 1865

" Peruvian Guano No. 2 (Guanape).................. a Homestead Superphosphate...........................

200 IllSO 10~ ~90 1820
200 MO 1120 455 1925

a Blue Bone Superphosphate.......... .................. 200 315 1120 460 1891>

' ............ Natural Soil...................................................

210 770 438 1418

a Abaco G uano...............................................

200 280 1190 41>5 1925

Sea Fowl Guano (B. D.)...................................

200 ~80 1120 490 1890

a National Soluble Bone Compost........... ........

600 815 1140 495 1950

............ Natural !!oil.....................................................

245 840 420 1~05

All four of the plats were planted, cultivated, and manured, in the same manner.



. \

30

Soz't Test of Ferttlt"zers.

I
Expeninent of WM. C. KILGORE, Beeclt Grove, Walker Co.,

on Sweet Potatoe$.

Soil-Clayey bottom, with a little gravel in it; been in cultivation about seven years. Original growth, oak, hickory, poplar, dogwood, and a few small pines.
Previous Treatment--The land was in wheat in 1876, in potatoes and corn in 1875 and for three years previous, in sweet potatoes, corn, and Irish potatoes.
Preparation-The land was broken in March with a twohorse Oliver chilled turning-plow, cross-plowed in April with a common scooter, and again in May with scooter. There
were two and a half acres in the plat. Betwe~n the xoth and
18th of June, 'opened the rows with a common scooterplow, distributed the fertilizers at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, and be.dded on them. The slips were planted 18 to 20 inches apart.
Cultivation-The crop was plowed and hoed twi.ce during the season, and after the last hoeing, the weeds were pulled by hand.

Lbs. ot Yield per
Fertilizer acre per acre. in bushels.

aWbann's Raw-Bone Superphosphate ...................................

200

160

aPeerless Guano.....................................................................

200

156

aPreston & Son's Ammoniated Superphosphate......................

200

150

aBnle's Gunno........................................................................

200

152

Naturnl Soli....................................................................._..-'-.----'---"-100:..:

/

E:r;pe1iment with Jns!t Potatoes.

I

Soil--An unfavorable location for potatoes; clay subsoil; original growth, oak, pine and poplar.
Preparation--The land was well broken in the spring with a turn-plow, and the furrows opened with a scooter,; fertilizers applied and covered with a turning-plow.
Planting a?td Cultivation-The potatoes were/planted .2ot}l March. They were plowed twice and hoed once.

I

. '
...

Soil Test of Ferttlizers.

31

Lb. of Yield per Fertilizer acre per ncr~ . in bushels.

aW hann' I:.aw-Bone. uperphosphate...... ........................... ...

200

75

aPreston & l:ion's Ammoniated Super phosphate.......... ............

200

78

aPeerless Guano................................. ........................ ............

200

74

aBale's Guano........................................................................

200

73

Wi t hout Fertilizer........... ........................... ..................:

40

Experimmt of S. MAXWELL, Talbotton, Ga., on Cotton.

': The Soil on which the test was made is gray and pebbly,

commonly called sandy; subsoil yellow clay, hard, inclined to

joint; from j to 8 inches from the surface."

Previous Treatmerzt.-Land cleared before the present owner

can remember. Rotation of crops practiced ever since it was

...I

cleared. No fertilizers ever applied to it until 1876-then

oats, manured with cotton seed, and over thirty busdels har-

vested. For several years, it has been broken with a two-

horse turn-plow, from four to six inches deep.

,

Preparation.-,The stubble and weeds were turned under in

January last. Apnl 1oth, furrows were opened with shovel

plow, 3 ft. apart and 70 yds. lpng, and the different fertilizers

applied to alternate sets of four rows, as directed in special

circular No. 32.

Application of Fertilizers.-These were applied at the rate

of 2oo lbs. per acre, in April, and bedded on.

Pla11ting.-April 2oth, seed put in with a planter and cov-

ered with a board-came up readily, and a good stand se-

cured.

Cultivatio?t.-Early in May, sided with a common plow hav-

ing an iron scrape attached under the plow, turned up at the

side so as to throw the dirt from the cotton, and running close

enough to break the crust among the young plants. About

the esth of May, hoed to a stand, and followed with a shovel

and heel-scrape. The same plow was used through the culti-

vation. It was plowed four times, as necessity required.

The plat received the same cultivation as the maio ccop,

keeping the surface loose and free from grass.

. '

32

Soil T est of Fertilt'zers.

Lbs. of Yield in &ed CXJtton . fertili-
zer per acre. 1st 2d Total
- - - - - - = - - - - - - - - - - - - - -pic-kin-g -pic-ki-ng -per-ac-re

Soluble Paci ft c Acid Phosphate................ .......... 200 9

2.75 411 .25

Natural SoU ............................................................ ............ 6

a Homestead Superphosphate.................... ............

200 12

1.5 262.5 1.5 472.5

Natural Soil .............................................. ............ ......

5

2.11 262.5

a No.1 Recti6ed Peruvian Guano-Lobos Island. ..

200 15

2 595

Natural Soil... ..................... ................................. ... ...... . . 5

a Increase Crescent .Bone.......... ... ....................

200 12

a. 280
3.5 5!2.5

Natural Soil ........................... ......... .........................

a Sibley's I . X. L. Superphosphate. ...... ... ............

200 14

3 350
s 595

Natural Soil ............................... .,..................................... 10 14.5 507.5

Watson & Clark's Superphosphate............................. 200 uy. 3.5' 525

Natural Soil...... ...................................... .............. ............ 10

4.1i 507.5

The increased yield in the unfertilized rows, in the lattel'

part of the table, is due to the greater depth of soil above the

'hard clay, which was the only perceptible difference in the

soil of the plat. This, of course, resulted in favor of the fer-

tilizers applied to that part of !he plat.

Seasons.-Good seasons to May-3d, then very dry until June

2oth, when there was just enough rain to bring up the late

planted cotton; did not wet the ground enough to cause much

growth in vegetation. It was then very dry to the last of July;

manured corn ruined; cotton thin, very small, and doini

nothing; very little rain until September. Fertilized crops are

I

not half what they would have been with proper seasons in

July and August. The summer was below an average in heat.

Remarks on t!t.e Use of Fertilz'zers Dun'ng tlze Last Seatons.
Fertilizers seem to have been of but little advantage, and in some instances, rather a disadvantage, on all early crops with an apparent profit on late ones. The most active:.fertilizers seemed not to haYe benefitted the crops on account of the drouth, while slowor or less active brought on the cot

Sotl Test oj Fertiltzers.

33

ton later and with better results.
.Exp eriment of CHARLES C. SHEPPARD, Americus, S umter County, Ga., on Cotton.
Soil.- Ligbt gray, with clay subsoil-been in cultivation three years-fi rst year in corn, second in sugar cane, without fertilize r-land, ordinary upland- original growth, pine and post oak.
Preparation.-Land broken in February, and again in April. The plat was one acre long, and arranged as didirected. April 25th, bedded with common shovel plow, distributed the fertilizers and the seed with a planter, and covered with a barrow or forked plow. The compost was made as directed in formula No. 1., in circular ~o . 22.
Cultt'vation.-May 1oth, plowed with scooter; 2oth, hoed to stand; 3oth, plowed again with scooter. June 1oth, hoed and plowed again with scooter and scrape; 2oth, plowed with scooter and scrape ; 3oth, hoed again. July 15th, plowed with sweep, running one furrow to the row.

Lbs. of

YIELD m SKim COTJ!ON,

zfeerrWpeIr- 1--,.--,.--,.--;----

acre. 1st 2d 3d 4th Total

- - - - - - - - - - --1---p-'-k'g. - - p'k'l(, - - p'k'g. - - p'k'g.-pe-r -acre

a Georgia State Grange Fertilizer ............ .

200 120 102 70 25

817

.... ...... Natural SoiL..............................................

90 100 95 so

310

a SchPefer's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone ...

200 121 101 96 29

347

............ Natural Soil................................... ...........

89 106 94 31

320

' \

a Sea. Gull Ammoniated Superphosphate....

200 122 100 .94 29

345

...... ...... Natural Soil.............................. ......... ...... ...

90 100 98 27

310

Lorentz & Rlt tler's Acid Phos. Compost... ...

200 180 125 100 20

375

............ Natural Soil..................... ........... ....... .........

92 107 94 27

320

Seasons.-Remarkably cold in May. No rain during May and up to the 1oth of June, after which date there was plenty up to the 18th; then no more of consequence until September 1st, which fact fully explains why no more \\as made from the use of the fertilizers, for the crops grew well where they were applied, until the ground got so dry they could not grow.
8

34

Sol Test of Fertlzzers.

Experiment of CHAS. C. SHEPP"ARD, Americus, Sumter Co., on Conz.

Soil-Similar to that planted in cotton. Preparation.-Land was broken deep zst February. Plantillg .-On the 25th of February, the corn was planted in drills, six feet wide and three feet in the drill, applying 200 lbs. of fertilizer per acre.
Oultiz,atioll..,-March 25th, plowed with one furrow each side of the corn. April zst, it was hoed; 25th, plowed, and ?11ay 20th, plowed with sweep.

Lbs. of Bushels fertili- of Corn zer per per acre acre.
a Georgia State ~range Fertilizer...........................:................... 200 i2 Natural Soil.............. . ...................................................................... ............ 7.3 a Schaefer's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone.......................................... 200 11 Natural Soil............... ............................................................................. ...... 7 a Sea Gull Ammoniated Superphosphate...........:................................. 200 11.25 Natural Soil..................................................................................... ............ 7.75 a Lorentz & Rlttler's Acid Phosphate Compost.............................. ...... 200 H Natural Soil.................................................................................................., 7

The corn was matured July 12th.

f

Mr. Sheppard experimented also with chufas, applying 200

lbs. of some of the above fe rtilizers per acre. They were

planted May roth, in hills. They were plowed twice and not

hoed at all. He says : "The crop was short in consequence

of drouth -they made after the rains set in, in: September."

Those fertilized made eighty-five bushels per acre; those

without fertilizer made seventy-one bushels per acre. .

Mr. Sheppard remarks: "This has been a year oi extreme

seasons with us-first a cold and dry May-rains from the

xoth to the x8th of June-dry and hot to September, and then

heavy rains and storms."

Soz'l Test oj Fe1tilizers,

35

Experz'mmt ojELIJAH BELLFLOWER. D awson, Tetrell county, on Cotto1z aud Com.
Soil.-Soft and sandy; been n cultivation thi rty years ; original growth, pine.
Preparation.-The plat was broken close and deep February I5th, with small turning plow.
Previous T reatmmt.-The plat was cultivated in corn in 1874; in pinders in 1875, and cottrm in 1876. The land was well broken each year, and well cul tivated w1th the scooter and sweep.
The plat was laid off March r8th, in rows three feet wide, and seventy yards long, with a ten inch shovel plow, the fe r. tilizers applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, in the bottom of the furrow and beded on with the same plow.
Plantt'ng.-March 2Qth, the beds were opened with a small scooter, the seed sown by hand and covered with a board. A good stand was secured except otz the unfertilized rows.
Cultivation.-May zd, the cotton was chopped to a stand, leaving one stalk every six inches. l\1ay gth, sided with two inch scooter. June 4th hoed; June zzd plowed with four inch scooter, three furrows to the row. July IIth, plowed again; 23d, plowed with sixteen inch solid sweep, three fu rrows to the row. August 2d, hoed ; August r zth, plowed with sixteen inch winged sweep, three furrows to the row.

YIELt> IS S&ED COTTON.

l sl 2d

3d

I 4t.l

Lbs. of pk'g, pk'g, pk'g pk ';r, Total

Fertilizer AU!! . Aug. Sep. N:o>. per

- - - - - - - - - - -pe-r ac-re-. -lOt-h .-2-0tb-. -l Ot-h. -20th-. -acr-e.

a Preston & Sou's Am'd. Dis. Bone....

200

3

2

3 4 400

a Namssa Cotton Mi.xtnre..................

200

8

2

a Wando Fertillzer...........................

200

2 2.5

8

400.5

Natural Soil...... . _........................

5

1i I.G2 143

Seasons.-May Jd, one inch rain; June lOth, 75 inch; I 5th, .25 inch; 2oth ; .25 inch; z8th, .25 inch; July I]th, .1 inch; 19th,

.25 inch; 22d, .25 inch; August 17th, .r inch; xgth 5 inch;

22d, .25 inch; September 1oth, 5 inch; zoth, .75 inch.

Remarks.-"Fertilizers have not paid this year, on account of drouth, rust, mildew, etc."

Soil Test of Fertzlz'ze:rs.
Ezpen1nmt of J. R. CooPER, Ogeeclzee, Screvm County, on
Cotton. Soil.-Light yellow, inclined to be stiff. Has been in cultivation for forty years ; very poor ; original growth, oak aad hickory. Previous Treatment.-Previous to 1875 the land was not manured, but worked in the old careless style. In I87 5 it was fertilized with Coe's Phosphate. In 1876 it was planted in corn, and fertilized with a little cotton seed. PrejaraHon.-The plat was thirty-five yards long, rows three feet wide. Fertilizers applied in the opening scooter furrow, listed on with two furrows of six inch scooter, and beds finished with two furrows of turing plow. There were alternately two rows. fertilized and four unferti1ized. Planti?rg.-The cotton was planted the last week in April, in four inch sc'Ooter furrow, and covered with a board. Cultivation.-It was plowed once deep with six inch scooter, three times with sweep, and hoed twice.

Lbs. of Yield in

fertiJi- Seed Cot

zer

ton

per acre per acre.

a Patnpsco Soluble Guano.................;........................................... .

200

261

a M~rryman's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone...................................

200

243

>Pendleton's Hi-Phosphate............ ...... ..........................................

200

182

a Pendleton's Ammoniated Superphosphate................................ ..

200

200

Naturnl Soil................... ... .................................................. ......

150

Bad stand.

The seasons have averaged very good.

(

Remarks.-Fertilizers did not give as good satisfaction this

year, generally, as was expected, owing, probably, to the heavy

rains in April.

Experiment of CAPT. FRED D. WIMBERLY, Bullards, Twiggs



Coutzly.

Soi/.-Stiffred, with clay subsoil; been in cultivation more than seventy-five years.
Principal original growth, oak, hickory and walnut, with many grape vines.

Sotl Test of Fettzltzers.

37

Previous Treatment.-The land was not cultivated in 1876 ; has not been fertilized for many years, and was very much ex hausted.
Prcparatinll.-The plat was thoroughly broken with single horse plO\v, turning under a coat of weeds early in Februaryrows three feet apart.
The plat contained 4~ acres, divided as follows: One acre fertilized with Stono Soluble Guano. One acre fertilized with Palmetto Acid Phosphate Compost. One acre fertilized with Sardy's Ammoniated Soluble Pacific Guano.
One acre fertilized with Carolina Fertilizer.
Macre fertilized with Stono Acid Phosphate Compost.
;( acre without fertilizer. Applt'cation of F ertilizers.- The fertilizers were applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, leaving four rows unmanured between the manured plats. This was completed about the r8th of April. The Palmetto Acid Phosphate was composted according to formula No. 1., in Circular l'llo. 42 . Four hur: dred pounds of Stano Acid Phosphate were mixed with t6oo lbs. of compost made of (unmeasured) cott~n seed, stable manure and woods earth. Planting.-April 23d the beds were opened with a small scooter, the seed sown and covered with a board. May 12th a stand was up. Cultivation.-May 15th, plowed with double shovel; 23d, chopped to a stand ; June 6th, plowed second time with double
\ shovel; 18th, hoed second time; 25th, plowed with sweep.
Hoed again July 2d. July uth, plowed with sweep; July 18th, two furrows with sweep; July 31st laid by with one sweep furrow.

Sozl I est oj Fertzlzzers.

YIELD IN SEED COTJ:O.'.

Lbs. of
i~rtill -

I

zer 1st

2d Per

per acre picking. picking,, .Acre.

_ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ l____Is_o_e_p_t. _-_ht Oct _ _

a Stono Soluble Guano......................................... . 200

4001

~:wo unmanure(l middle ro,vs...... ......... ......... ......... ........... ............ .......... ~55

Two unmanured outside rows(next to the fertilizers)..... ....... ............ ...... ...... 490

a Palmetto .Acid Phosphate Compost........................ 1,000 175

560

Two middle unmanure<l rows.................................... ............ ............ .......... 350

'l'wo outside unmanure<l rows.... ..... ........ ............ ... ...... ............ ............

. .... .... .... ::,::~::::~:~:<]<]~:::~~.~-~::~~ ~~:~~::::::::::

~~~

~~.~[

~~-~

431 280

I

Two outside unmanured rows .............................................. ' 804

Carolina FertilizLr............................................. ......

200

167

2'i0

481

Two middle unmanured rows............................. ....... ............ ............ ............ 253

Two outside umnanureu rows........................................................................ 3~

Stono .Acid Phosphate Compost .............................. 500 180 275 155

Seasons.-May 4th and sth, light showers; June sth, light shower; June Ioth, the first good rain after planting; June 14th and 17th, good rains; 23d, light rain. July xoth, light rain; 22d and 23d, fine rains; crop prospect then exceedingly flattering. After the 23d of July, there were no rains of conseq_uence until the middle of September, which caused the cotton to shed all except its matured frui t.
Expen1ncnt of G. W. C. MuNRo, Buena Vista, Mari01t
County, OJt Cotton.
Soi/.-0 a dark chocolate color, considerably mixed with coarse sand.
Subsoil, red clay, so mixed with sand as not to be very stiff, or apt to get very hard when dry. Original growth, pine, but had grown up with a thick undergrowth of oak. The land had been cleared two years, and cultivated in coni two years, without manure.
P reparation.-The land was broken in January, with turnshovels, 4 or 5 inches deep. During the first week in May, the fertilize1s were distributed in scooter furrows at the rate of

Sotl Test of Fertiltzers.

39

2oo lbs. per acre, and bedded on with a turningshovel. The compost wa~ made by mixing one part of the fertilizers with 3 parts of well rotted stable manure. The compost stood in heap one month.
Planting.-The cotton was planted on the bed with a Dow Law planter, May 2d, and covered with a forked plow. Seed came up a fine stand in a few days, and \ras plowed and hoed carefully, so as to preserve a uniform stand in each row.
Cultivation.-The plat received regular aud clean cultivation -was plowed four times and hoed three times.
Mr. Munro prepared and conducted his test with unusual care-superintending, in person, each operation-and carefully weighed th~ first picking, but his negroes, supposing that all that was necessary was to keep the cotton picked from the whole plat separate, picked without orders, and without his knowledge, the whole plat, mixing that from the different fer.. tilizers so that he was able to report accurately only the first picking, which is given below. The plat was arranged as di:rected in special circular No. 32-rows 35 yds. long-t.vo middle rows of each four picked for the test.

l lst Lbs. of

Lbs. of pk'g. Seed Cotton

- - - - -1- - - Fertilizer~
pt:r acre.

8Otcht..

>tpe1rstarprke1g.

-::-:-----:-~:---------------

Nntnml Soil....................................... ..............................

2

1~0

Merryman's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone Compost.........

200 6

420

Natural Soil.....................................................................

3

210

a E. Frank Ooe's Dissolved Bone Compost~ ........................

200 7

490

Natural Soil....................................................................
a Cotton Com'd Ammoniated Dissolved .Bone Compost......

8.25 200 6

227.5 420

Nntural SoU.....................................................................

4

250

a Liebig's Formula Compost.............................................

200 li

350

Natural Sol!.....................................................................

2

140

a Cotton Oom'd Ammoniated Dissolved Bone.. . . ..............

200 9

lSO

Natural Soil ................................................................... ..

3

210

a E. Frank Coe's Dissolved B1ne......................................

200 7

4~0

Natural Soil.....................................................................

250

Merryman's Ammonint~d Dissolved Bone .........................

200 11

iiO

40

Soz'l Test of Fertzlzzers.

Beasons.-Mr. Munroe says: "This has been the most fatal year on crops in this section that has occurred in twenty years, except for small grain and peas. We first had thirtyfive days drouth, from May 4th to June gth. It was then seasonable for two weeks, after which, we had thre~ weeks of dry, hot, scorching weather, then one shower, followed by twenty-four days of hot, dry weather, that damaged the cotton seriously. After that it was seasonable for a short time, then dry through turnip planting season. Since September much rain and wind, very unfavorable for gathering crops.''

Ezperz'mmt of W. L. PEEK, Co?Zyers, Rockda{e Cou11ty, o1t
Gotto1l.

Soil.-Sar.dy, with clay subsoil; h<".s been in cultivation forty years; original growth, post, red and black oak, hickory and chestnut.
Previous Treatmem'.-This plat has been cultivated in corn for the last seven years, except in 1873, when it was in oats. The corn was lightly manured in the hill with trash and lot manure in 1875 and '76.
Preparation.-Tbe land was broken deep in early spriag with turning shovel. The plat was uniform in quality of the soil, but very much exhausted.
Fertilizatiotz.-Dobb's Chemicals, Etiwan Dissolved Bone and the Georgia State Grange Dissolved Bone, were composted by. formula No. 1, circular No. 4z, except that none of the ingredients were made wet. The fertilizers were applied in the opening furrow, and the land bedded just before planting. The cotton was planted May 6th. A perfect stand was secured, and the cultivation timely and thorough.

I FLebrtsi.liozfer

Yield of Seed Cotton

per acre. per acre.

a Dobb's Chemicals Oomposted................................................. a Etlwan Dissolved Bone 24 per cent. Composted ........... cs Georgia Slate Grange Dissolved Bone Composted ......... a Sardj's Ammoniated Soluble Pacific Guano ......... Natural Boll..............................................

aoo

1110

aoo

4711

800

512

200

675

210

,

Soil Test of Ferltlizers.

41

Ezpetimmt of J. R. LATIMER, of Warrenton, Warrm County,
on Cotton.
Soil.-Black, with red clay subsoil, much worn; has been in
cultivation about 30 years. Original growth, oak, hickory and
pine mixed.
Previous Treatment.-The plat was in cotton in 1874, with
xso lbs. of fertilizer per acre; sown in wheat in th e fall of r874, without fertilizer ; in oats in 1876~
Preparatjrm.-The rows were laid off 33/z feet wide, very deep, with 4-inch scooter; ridged and bedded with 6-inch scooter.
Fertilization.-All guano applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, except the last compost in the table, which was applied at the rate of 400 lbs. per acre-all applied in opening scooter furrow, then rid ged and bedded as before stated. Soluble Pacific Guano was composted as follows : xooo lbs. stable manure, 6oo lbs. cotton seed and 400 lbs. Soluble Pacific-
a cotton seed and stable manure made wet and thoroughly mixed
with the Guano, and then thrown into heap, under cover, where it remained three or four weeks before it was used. The heap was covered about four inches deep with rich dirt taken from fence corners.
Planting.-The rows were checked off two feet and planted in the hill May 4th ; covered with the foot ; very poor standnot more than three-fourths.

Lbs. or Yield i n rertil i- Seed Cot-
zer ton per per acre ncrc.

Empire Guano ........................... ...... ................................................ 200 Natural Soil......... ... ................. ...... ..................... .. ..................... ........... Soluble Pacific Guano Compost ....... ................... .......................... 200 Natural Soil ... . ......... ......... .... -................................
a Ober's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone Phosphate... . ............ ... ......... 200
Natural SoU . . . . ...... ..... ........................ ... ... ... ... ...... ... ... . ...... ...... ......
a Rhode's Ammoniated Superphosphate ....... . ............ .................. 200
Natural Soil............................ .......................................................
a Samana Guano............... ...... ......... ... ....................... ............. ... ... 200~
Natural SoU................................. .............. .................................. ....... Soluble Pacific Guano..................... ...... ... ....................................... 2 Natural Soli............................................................ :....................... Soluble Pacific Guano Compost........... ........................................... 400

747 234 600 240 872 290 125 327 960 349 1,068 832 1,036

Soil Test of Fertz'lt"zers.

Capt. Latimer says: "We had plenty ofrail'l till April r3h, after which we had no rain till June 9th, except a sprinkle May 7th, which, however, did not bring up the cotton ; much cotton did not come up till June rsth. Plenty of rain from June gth to July rst; no rain in July, till 29th; very good seasons during August.

Ezpen1Jtmt of DAVID NICKOLS, Acwortlt, Paulding County, on Cotton.

Soil.- Dark gray, with decomposing rock lying underneath; been in cultivation ~3 years. Original growth, low post oak, red oak, hickory, black jack, dogwood and some buckeye.
Previous Treatment.-This land was manured the first time in r868, with b:lrn yard manure, and cultivated in cotton. It has never been cultivated in corn since the first yeu it was cleared. It bas been alternated in cotton and oats since r868 -in cotton two years and oats one. In 1876 it was in oats without manure. Fertilizers, either home or commercial, have been applied whenever in cotton since r868.
Prepttration.-7!/I.ay roth with a large scooter opened furrows 3 feet apart, running l wice in the same furrow. In this the fer tilizers were applied and the land bedded.

Fertilizers.-Strong's Ammoniated Super-Phosphate was ap-

plied at the rate of 140 lbs. per acre. Sardy's Acid Phosphate

was used at the same rate, but mixed with 210 lbs. of rich set

tling from the fence corners of the horse lot. With 140 lbs. of

the Georgia State Grange Fertilizer, 140 lbs, of rich earth were mixed and applied w:th it. Two tonsor Charleston Phosphate

f

Flour was mixed with 150 bushels cotton seed, 6 or s'cart loads

of stable manure, about the same quantity of manure from the

cow stalls and barn-yard scrapings, soo lbs. of salt, 6oo lbs

land plaster, and put up rst February, and allowed to stand in

a pen under shelter until I-st April, when it was cut down ver..

tically, thoroughly mixed and thrown back into the same pen,

where it remained until May roth, when it was used to fertil-

ize cotton.

Planti11g.-May toth beds were opened ~'ith a small scooter,

I


Sozl Test oj Fertzlzzers.

43

the seed soaked, rolled in sand and sown, and covered with an

iron horse-rake. They came up in a very few days, and grew

off finelv. Cultivation was very thorough, both with hoe and

plow.

Seasons were very fair until the 8th of August, after which

\
I

there was no more rain until September. There was no season for sowing turnips until the 1oth of September.

Lbs. of 1st 2d Yield in fcrtili- picki'g, picki'g, Seed Cot-
zer Oct. 1st. Nov.lst ton
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -per a-cre- - - - -pe-r acr-e.

a Strong's Ammoniated Superphosphate............... 140 10.25 7.76

Natural Soil ......... ............................................................. 6

4.25 358.75

a Sardy's Acid Phosphate..................................... 140 Natural Soil........... .........................................................

5.751 8.75 <1.75 7

507.5 411.25

Georgia State Grange Fertilizer~..................... . .....

140

Natural Soil ..................................................................

Charleston Phosphate Flour Compost.................... 700

Natural Soil....................................................................

12.5 10.5
7.75 7.25[

8.5
1: I

735
\
656.25 621.25
533.75

Wando Fertilizer........- 140 Natural Soil...................................................................... Stern's Ammoniated Superphosphate.... ............... 140 Natural Soli...... ........................ .....................................

15

9.5

857.5

77..55 1

8.251
:.251

551.25 551.25

7

525

Mr. Nickols received Reaves & Nicholson's Cotton Grower,

and Etna Ammoniated Superphosphate, too late to be applied

to cotton. They were used under corn planted June' 16th.

.

The corn was seriously injured by drouth. The fertilizers

\

increased the yield just 20. per cent.

Experiment of C. M, SANDERS, Penfield, G1'eene County,

otz Cotton.

Soil.-Clay loam, with red clay subsoil; been in cultivation 40 years. Original growth oak, sparsely intermixed with

hickory. Previous Treatmmt.--In 1874 the plat was planted in cot
ton, manured with 200 lbs. of Etiwan Guano. In 1875, it was planted in corn, manured with 25 bushels cotton seed and 75 lbs. Etiwan Dissolved Bone per acre. In 1876 it was sown

44

Soil Test of Ferttli'zers.

in oats, manured with 20 busluls cotton seed per acre, and

made 25 bushels oats per acre~

Prepardti01z, etc.-Plat arran.11:ed as directed in special circu

Iar No. 32. The land was broken in January, with a two-

horse Stark Dixie plow.

Rows were laid off 3 ft. apart, with a roxr2 Brinley shovel,

drawn by two mules, opening furrows 5 or 6 inches deep, in

which the fertilizers were distributed by hand, as uniformly

as possible, applying 2oo lbs. of each kind per acre, April rst.

The beds were then completed with Brinley turning-plow.

Planting.-This was done with Dow Law planter, April

2oth. The rows were opened with a small bull-tongue plow,

the Dow Law droppingand covering the seed.

Cultivation.-About the xoth of May the cotton was sided

with a double-shovel stock, having a small scooter on the right

foot, and a shovel on the left. About a week after this plow-

ing, it was hoed to a stand.

The second and third plowings followed at intervals of from

two to three weeks, with the same plow, except that the scooter

was replaced by a shovel, at the 3d plowing. June 19th,

hoed 2d time. It was plowed three more times, with 22 inch

Brinley sweep-the last plowing being done about the middle

of 1\ugust. The last hoeing was given July 2oth, and con-

sisted in going ovt>r rapidly, only cutting out such weeds and

grass as bad escaped previous workings.

The rows in the plat were 6o yards long, and 3 ft. wide. In

making the calculations of the yield per acre, Mr. Sanders counted 82 rows to the acre.

(

?:.

I

Soil Test of Ferttlizel's.

45

l8t 2d Sd Yield of Lbs. of pk'g. pk'g. pk'g, Seed Fertilizer Oct. Oct. Nov Cotton
- - - - - per acre. 6th. 20th. 21st. per acre.
r-----

Merryman's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone............

200 9.75 7.8i 3.5

866

Natural Soil ............... ..........................................

3.25 5.75 4

533

Etiwan Guano.....................................................

200 6 6.87 4.12

697

Etlwan Dis. Bone 200 lbs.&'cotton seed (killed) 600

800 7.12 7.75 4.75

8()4

Natural Soli...................................... ..... .........

3.12 6.37 6

635

Cetton Com'd Am'd Dis. Bone Phosphate.............

200 6.25 7.5 5,75

rgg

a Slono Acid Phoepbate.......................................

200 5.37 7.31 5.12

732

Natural Soll....... M ...............................................

4 6.25 5.12

610

a Sea Fowl Guano (B. D.) ..................................

200 7.37 7.75 4.31

717

a Allan tic Fertilizer ........................................

200 8.62 6.75 8.87

789

Netural Soil......................................................

4 6 5.3i

630

aOber's Am'd Dissolved Bone.Phospbate .... ......

200 8.75 6.25 3.25

748

Seasons.-Mr. Sanders says: "The past season was very unfavorable for the use of fertilizers. In some instances the use of simple dissolved 'bone, giving better results than the same bone, with the addition of twenty or thirty bushels of cotton seed; or than other first-class fertilizers. This was owing to the continuous hot dry weather during the summer months, which caused the best fertilized cotton to shed its fruit badly."
E~penmcnt of ]AS. L. NEAL, of Glascock County, on Cott01z.
So/.- Sandy, with yellow clay subsoil; been in. cultiYation twenty years, during which it has been cultivated once in wheat, and once in oats,the rest of the time in corn or cotton. Original growth, long leaf pine, with an undergrowth of oak and htckory.
Prevt'ous Treatment.- In 1874 the plat was in corn manured with cotton seed, and yielded twenty bushels of corn per acre. In 1875 it was in cotton, manured with Bradley's Dissolved Bone, zoo lbs. per acre, and made :zso lbs. of lint cotton per acre. In 1875 it was in oats without manure.
Preparatz'on.-A four acre lot was selected, and all prepared alike; but the test was conducted on fourteen rows seventy yards long in the middle of the lot. The land was plowed close

Soil Test of Fertilzzers.
and deep, with square-pointed scooter May xst and 2d. Rows seventy yards long, and three fe et wide were opened deep with shovel on the 3d and 4th of May; drilled 200 lbs. fertilizer per acre, with machine, and bedded on it with shovel plow. Two composts \vere used, one with Acid Phosphate, cotton seed and stable manure, the other with Flour of Bone, cotton seed and stable manure. Heap stood six weeks.
Pla11fing.-The cotton was pl.tnted with Rhodes' Cotton Seed Drill, J\hy 5th; variety Red Rust Proof, or Central American Prolific Cotton.
Cullivation.-A heavy, beating rain May toth caused a rather bad stand ; May 2rst chopoed out to one and two stalks, ten or twelve inches apart, and plowed May 22d with winged sweep Light rain May 31st. Hoed June 7th, and plowed with sweep June t8th. An abundant rain fell June 9th, and showers fell eveq day till June 23d, which ga_ve cotton a fine start, but rain ceased almost entirely until the third week in August-or nine weeks without rain in the crop-developing season. The guanoed cotton di"'d so entirely that more cotton would have been made if no fertilizers had been used . Where rooo lbs. of compost were applied per acre, 1430 lbs. of seed cotton were gathered. In the bottom of the furrows where this was used, from soo to to xooo lbs. of saw dust, that had been lying around the barn for a year, and had received some droppings from stock, was applied. This was applied to retain moisture, and seems to have had the desired effect.
I

So! Test of Fn1t'lzzers.

47

J.bs. of lt

2d

I3d

4th Yield of

fertili- picki'g, pitki'g l)icki'g, picl<i'!<, Seed

zer Oct. 1st. Oct. 15. Nov. 22,Uec. 11. Cotton

- - - - - - - - - - - - !p-rr-at-re - - - - - - - - - - -pe-r a-cre

a. DeLeon's Complete Fertilizer ...... 200

280

:,;- atiunl Soil........................................................ .

2 2.5

2

455

a Bauy's Chemica:! Fe1tilizer .......

200 4.5 ...... ...................... ..... .

315

:Saturnl Soil........... ...... .......... ........ ............ . . . .. . . .

2 2.25 2.12 469

::~:~:0~~~~~~~-:~=~:~:~::::: ....~~~ ~. . . . . . .~ ... ::~. ~ a Carolina Fertilizer.......................

200 3.75 ............ ............ 1............

262

!....... ... 455

280

Natural Soil...........................:................... ............

2 2.5

2

200 3.25 .. ..................................

227

Peruvian Guano No. 1.................... 200 4

280

Grange ~Iixture............................

200 3.5 ... .................................

245

Peruvian Guano-Lobos Island ....... 200 4

280

Empire Guano................................

200 4.~ ................................. .

215

Jluey's Excelsior ............... .~......... . 200 4

280

Patapsco Guano Co.'s Sol. Phosph'te 200 3.25 ............ ........................ 362

Peruvian Guano No. 2.............. ...... 200 ............

3 2

25

546

Acid Phosphate Compost ............... . 200 ........................ 4

2.25

437

Flour of Bone Compost .................. 200 4.2.3 ........ ..... ............ ............ . 297

CcmpoRt l.COO llE. w!tb Sw Dust............. ............ ............ ............ ........... . 1,435

Remarks.-Mr. Neal says: "I have been usin guano for ten years in succession, and the profits have been gradually falling off every year, independe?t of seasons and tillage. A good soil cultivated ten years in cotton and manured with 200 lbs. of good guano every year, will be almost entirely exhausted -changing to corn helps some, but it will rapidly go down unless occasionally -sown cr rested, and better both.
''I think fertilizers did harm this season, as they pushed off
the crop rapidly in J un~, and the protracted drouth almost
killed the cotton,so that the rains in the middle of August caused on ly a useless ~econd growth."
Experiment of W. A. STEWART, McDonottgll, Hmry Cou1zty, o1z Cotton.

Soil.- Red upland, with stiff, red subsoil; been in cultiva-

So# Test .of Fertzlt'zers.
tion 40 or 45 years. Original growth was red oak, black oak, post oak and hickory; very heavily timbered.
Previotbs T reatment.-In 1873 and 1874 this land was in cotton, fertilized with zoo lbs. of Russel Cue's Ammoniated SuperPhosphate per acre. In 1875 and 1876 it was in wheat, manured with cotton seed.
Preparation.-In October, 1876, this land was turned over with a two-horse Avery plow. In February, 1877, it was rebroken with a long, square pointed scooter, and the last ot March bedding was commenced and finished April 18th. The rows were laid off three feet apart with long scooter run twice to the row; fertilizers applied at the rate of zoo lbs. per acre, and broad, flat beds made with scooter.
Fertilizers applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, except the compost, which was applied at the rate of 300 lbs. per acre . Compost made according to formula No. 1 1 circular 42.
Planting.-Two bushels of seed were planted to the acre, with Garlington Planter, April 2oth.
Cultivation.-A poor stand was obtained. When the first stalks appeared, a harrow was run over the rows to break the crust. In 6 or 8 days a double stock plow was used, running a small scooter next to the cotton, and a larger one on the hinder foot. This plow was run close to the cotton, but shallow. In a few days the hoes started, followed by sweeps and scrapes; the sweeps, shovels and acrapes were kept going ; the crop was plowed five times and hoed three times ; commenced laying by July 9th and finished on the 2oth.

Sm'l Test of Fertilizers.

49

Lbs. of

Pounds

fertill-

of :Seed

zer

Cotton

per acre ht 2d Sd 4th per

- - - - - - - - - - -1- - -pk-'g. -pk'g-. -pk'g-. p-k'g.- a-cre-.

aRhode's Am. Bane Superphosphate......... 200 2.5 s 4.25 2.25

420

............ Natural Soil..............................................

2 3.25 3 1. 75

280

Llebleg' Formula .........:............................ 200 2.5 4 5 4.5

560

............ Natural Soil........................................ ......

1.25 2 3.25 1.5

280

100 lbs. Allan'c Acid Pbo.. & 1000lbs woods

dlrt..............................................- .. 1100 1 1.5 2 .5 8.5

297

Stable Manure and Cotton Seed .................

400 2

8.25 4.25 1.5

335

............ Natural Soli..............................................

2.5 4 2.25 1.25

350

Soluble Pacific Guano................................ 200 2.25 4.25 4 2.5

455

............ Natural SoU.............................................

us 2.75 8.25 1.5

815

aObers Soluble Ammoniated Superphos... 200 2.5 4.25 8.5 2. 75

455

............ Natural Soil ...............................................

1 1.5 2 2.5

245

Emplre Guano...... .................................... 200 3.5 4.75 2.25 2.5

420

............ Natural Soil...............................................
. Diamond Ammoniated Dis. Bone..............

1 200 1.5

1.5 2.5 2.5 2.7b 3.15 1.5

262 382

Atlantic Acid Phosphate Compost............ 800 4 4.5 3

481

: .251

Stable Manure alone................................. 500 3 4.5 3.5

455

Seasons.-There was an abundance of rain from January till the 4th of May, then none to the 7th of June, when
t inch fell. One inch fell on the 13th June. There were
occasional showers until August 20th, after which there was none till September 4th. During May and until June 12th, the nights were cool, with prevailing winds from the North and Northeast. After June 12th, the weather grew warm and crops grew off well.
Mr. Stewart reports great loss from the rotting of the bolls of cotton in his crop of the last season.
Ezpmmmt of E. H. EDENFIELD, Swainsboro, Emanuel County, on Cotton.

Soz'l.-Sandy; second growth pines cleared ten years ago.
Previous Treatment.-For eight years, successively, after
4

so

Sotl Test of Fertzlzzers.

it was re-cleared, it was planted in corn ; sown in oats in

1876, and pastured after they were harvested.

Prcparatio1l.-The land was bedded in January. In April

a fresh furrow was run between the bed~, the fertilizers

distributed and the beds reversed.

)

Fertiliz~rs were applied as above-200 lbs. per acre be-

tween the 20th and 30th of April.

Plmztzizg.-From the 1st to the 3d day of May, beds

were opened with scooter, seed sown and covered with a

board.

Cultivatio1Z done entirely with the hoe and sweep .

Seasons.-Rain 1st of May, which brought up the cot-

ton, then no more till June 16th. Eight inches fell be-

tween June 16th and 24th, then no more till July 12th,

after which the seasons were good until the plant was rna

ture. The irregularities of the season in early summer

seriously injured the crop.

lbs. of LBS. OF SEED CoTTON.
FertU- tst 2nd per peirzaecrre pk'g pk'g acre.

Natu.ral soU................................................... ............

178

247

425

a Calcined Marl.......................... . ........................

200

2'25

225

450

a Cotton Food................. 200 298 164 462

Soluble Pacific Guano.............................................

200

237

211

448

Georgia Fertilizer................ ........................... ......... 200 273 202 480

Ezpnimmt of J. N. Mo~TGOMERY, Fort Lamar, Madison

(

Cou?Zty, 011 Cotton.

Soil-Mulatto; had not been in cultivation for fifteen years; had been previously in cultivation perhaps thirty years. Original growth, oak, hickory, and poplar. Never fer tilized before this year ; old field red land, fine clay for retaining manure.
P1eparatz'cm-The plat was cleared first of April; had grown up in scattering briars and sumac, and some bushes .and sedge. It was a flat, with a timbered ridge lying east

S o! T est of Fertilzzers.

SI

and west of it. Sun does not shine on the cotton until two

hours high, and is shaded for two hours in the evening.

The land was broken with one-horse iron foot Hyman plow,

followe? by a one-horse subsoil in the same furrow.

\

Application of Fertilz:Zers, etc.-May 1st, rows were run four. feet apart with a diamond-pointed winged ripper, twice

in the same furrow. In this furrow 200 lbs. of the ammo-

niated fertilizers and 400 of the composts were applied per

acre. A small plow was then run in the bottom of the fur-

row, to scatter the fertilizer and mix it with the soil.

Ladd's Alkaline Compost was made thus : Three parts of

stable manure to one of cotton seed, both well wet and

mixed. After ten days, turned and re-wet ; covered each

time to prevent the escape of ammonia. This was mixed

at the time of application, and well stirred with Ladd's Al-

kaline Fertilizer, two parts of the compost to one of the

a fertilizer. The Merryman's Dissolved Bone Co"11post was large

heap, two parts stable.manure to one of Dissolved Bone well

wet when put up, turned in ten days and re-wet. The

manure was bedded on with Hyman one horse turner.

. Planti1tg was done on the lOth of May, by opening beds

with a small plow, sowing the seed, and co rering with a

forked plow; land rough.

Cultivation-About the lOth of June, sided with a sub-

soil plow close and deep, and plowed out the middles with

a diamond-pointed winged ripper very deep; chopped to a

stand last of June, plowed out the centre of the row deep

with Hyman one-horse turner. July 25th, plowed third

time with sweep, and hoed again for the b .st working, mak-

ing three plowings and two hoeings.

52

Soil Tr:.st of Fertlzers.

Lbs. or

Lbs.

Fertilizer Seed \otlon

per acre. per ncre.

aRenves &; Nicholson's Cot.ton Grower....................................

200

751

aOber's Soluble Ammoniated Superposphate...........................

200

591

Merryman's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone.............................

200

668

I
I

al:lamana. Guano. .............................................................. . . .

200

617

Merryman's Dlsaolved Bone Compost-.................................

400

497

aLadd's Alkaline Fertilizer-compost..................................... Three parts Stable Man11re nod one of Cotton Seed ...............

275

4400001

195

Natural Soil ..................... ............ ................................. .........

so-

j
Seasons-Good up to July 1st. Afterwards dry, and es-

pecially in August and September. Mr. Montgomery pre-

fers the ammoniated fertilizers for cotton, and compost for

corn.

&pennzent of ]As. F. LITILE, Howard, Talbot County, on Cotton.

Soz'l.-Old mulatto lan d, on a gentle slope to th~ S. West.

Part cleared 40 years, and the balance 20 years; uniform in

quality; original growth, oak and hickory.

Previous Treatment.-After the war, the field being much

worn, and seeing the necessity of adopting a more intensive

system of farming, turning under rag-weeds, after wheat, was

commenced with two horse plow, together with rather heavy

manuring with cotton seed. T~e production was soon brought

up from eight or ten bushels corn per acre to 25 bushels. The

crop of 1876 was wheat, yielding rs to r8 bushels per acre.

f

Preparatz'o!l,-The stubble was turned under last January.

The plat was in the centre of the field. The fertilizers were

applied and the land bedded in the usual way.

Planted about zoth of April ; beds opened with small scooter;
I
seed sown by hand.and covered with a harrow, with a press-

boardlattached.

Oultivation.-First sided with a sweep, and chopped out;

then sided with scooter; next plowed out the middles with

shovel; subsequent plo.vings done with sweep, with one more

hoeing.

I
\

Soil Test of Fertilizers.

53

I Lbs. of
fer till-

pic1ksitng

pic2kding

3d Yield of picking Seed

zer per Sept.25. Nov. Dec. Cotton

- - -a-cre-. - - - - - -

-per-ac-re

Merryman's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone .. 182 10

9

............. Natural Soil...............................

8.!1

9

-1

1,040

1

96.2

Watson and Clark's Snperphosphate. ...........
a Palmetto Acirl Phosphate Compost .....
Eureka Ammoniated Bone Superphosphate..

195 8.5 8

227 10

9.5

195 11

10

.5

884

.75 1,053

1

1,144

Zell's Ammoniated Bone Superphosphate ... 169 11.5 10

Natural Soil...........- ..........- ....... ............ 10

9

1

1,170

.75 1,027

Georgia State Grange Fertilizer .... .. 169 1125 11
Natural Soil.............................................. ............ 6.25 10.5

1.25 1,222

.75

910

o Soluble Pacific Gnano - Whann's Raw Bone Superphosphate ...........

195 9 195 10

11.5

1

13

1

1,118 1,248

Stern's Ammoniated Superphosphate.......... Merryman's Dissolved Bone Compost ...

156 10.5 286 9.5

1~.251

. 1.25 1,196
.75 1,mn

Home.lead Superphosphate .................. ...... 169 8

9.25

.5

923

.Enperiment of L. Q. C. McCRARY, Butler, Ta1lor County,
on Cotton.

Soil.-Gray, with clay foundation; has been in cultivation
so years; original growth, oak and hickory, with a mixture of
pine. Previous Treatment.-No fertilizers have been used on this
plat for several years; it was in wheat in 1874. in corn in x875, and oats in 1876.
Preparation, etc.-The plat is level, and of uniform quality. The land was broken with a turning shovel March xst; April 23d applied fertilizers, in furrows three feet apart, at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, and bedded with scooter. Plat arranged as directed in alternate plats-fertilized and unfertilized.
Planting.-April 23d, opened the -beds with small scooter; sowed the seed by hand, and covered with a board.
Cultivation.-May 17th, sided with winged sweep; 22d, chop ped to a stand; June 4th, plowed with sweep, three furrows to the row; June 8th, hoed second time; June 29th, plowed again with sweeps; July x8th, hoed again; J uly xgth, plowed last time, with sweep.

Soil Test of Fertilizers.

Each fertilizer was applied to one acre, with intermediate acres unmanured.
Seaso:JS.-Good rain May 4th; after 'hich it continued damp, with cold nights, to ] une 1st. From June 91h to 2oth, several ~how.:rs; July 2d, r6th and qtb, rain; August 6th, rain. From the last date to the end of the season it ovas very dry, 1educin!.( the yield at least one-third.

~ i:il Yield
::. ;~lper ncre ;!; : in eeu
- - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - - - 3 ~~~~

Six acres without fertilizer a<ernged .............. .................... ............

!-IS

a R11gs<lale's Ammoniated Superphosphate........... ....... .......... .. .... 200 -581

a Stono Acid Phosphate, Compost .. .......................................................... 200 648

a Ammonia tell Alkaline Ph""phnte.......................................................... 200 700

a Long's Dissolve<l Bone, Compost... ............................... ................ ......... 200 552

Whanu's Raw Bone Superphosphate..................... ................................... 200 700

~mberland Superphosphate....... ...................................... ......... ........... 2CO 552

Expen1nmt of W. P. EnMo~nsoN, LaGrange, Troup Cou11ty,

,

on Cotton.

Soil.- Red clay; nu~ber of years in cultivation no t known ; original growth, oak and hickory.
Previous Treatment.-The plat has been cultivated for a series

of years without fertili zers. Preparation. -Without breaking broadcast, the land was laid
off with a long shovel plow; fertilizers applied a nd the beds completed with common shovel plow. The plat was on a hill

side, sloping towards the North. Applicatio1l of Fertilizers, etc.-The fertilizers were applied
about the 2oth of April. The Acid Phosphate was compollted -using 200 lbs. Phosphate, 200 lbs. of cotton seed, and 2oo of stable manure. The Phosphate flour was composted in the

same way, except that 15 lbs. salt were added. The compost heaps Jay about six weeks.
Planting was done the last days of April; seed covered with

a board. Oultivation.-First plowing done with scooter; balance shal~

low, with sweep and scraper.

Soil Test of F ertilizers.

55

Lbs. o!

Lbs. of

Seed

Fertiliztr 1st 2<1. 3d 4th Colttn

- - - - - -- - - per acre. pk'g. rk'g. pk'g pk'g. per acre.

a .Atlantic .Acid Phosphate Compost......... ...

~~ 10 14 12 6

1471)

Natural Soil.......................................... ..

6 6

6

!i95

Charleston Phosphate Flour Compost.........

300 8 12 10 3 1155

Cotton Seed and Stable Mannre Compost- ..

300 10 13 8 2 1155

a Barry's Compound Biphosphate..............

200 11 15 10 ~

H35

a Leyden's .A.m'd Soluble Gnano................

200 13 15 9 4.5 1452.:s

a Bradley's Patent Superphosphate............

200 u 16 8.5 4

1157. 5

Seasons.-Favorable for maturing cotton-unfavorable for
gathering.
E%pm1mmt of J. S. LAVENDER, Banzesville, Pike County, on
Cotto11.

Soil.-Sandy upland, with red clay subsoil ; had been lying

out eight or ten years, and had grown up in small pin es,

briers, etc.

Preparatt'on.-The land was cleared of bushes, etc.; broken

with scooter plow, and bedded with shovel plow. The rows

were 185 yards long.

Planti1zg-May rst, beds opened with small scooter; the

seed sown and covered with harrow.

Cultivation-May 21st, plowed with scooter and winged

sweep, and thinned out to four stalks to the foot; June 15th,

plowed with sweep and hoed; July 14th, ran one sweep furrow

in the middles and laid by.

\

Seasons unfavorable till July; after that they were favorable. The land of the plat was so mellow that the crop on it did not

suffer from drouth, while that on old land suffered materially.

Soz'l Test of Fertt'lt'zers.

I fLebrtsU. oi-f lst 2nd ~YiSeeleddof zer p'k'g pk'g. Cotton
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 : . _per_ac_re - - - - - -pe-r ac-re

a Georgia State Grange Dissolved Bone.......................

200 25 381 752

Natural Soil.............................................................................. 11 231 531

a Pendleton's Phosphate for Compostlng.....................

200

23

361 776

Natural Soli............................................................................. 18 26 572

4 Nava~sa Cotton Mixture...........................................

200

26

39

845

Natural Soil ............................................................................ 19 27 598

4 Minor's Ammoniated Superphosphnte....................... 200 24 S3 871

Natural oil ............................................................................ lS 28 598

a Sunnyside Ammoniated 810perphosphate.................. 200 29 3'J 791

Natural Soil. .............................. .............................................. 14 23 481

Ober's Ammoniated Superpho ph ate of Lime......... ....

200

28

86

832

Natursl SoU ..,......................................................................... I~ 22 481

Obcr's S. C. Dissolved Bone Phosphate........................ 200 20 24 572

Natural Soil.............................................................................

15

21

460

E~pen'ment of A. E. STURGIS, Thomson, McDuffk County, on Cotton and Corn.

Soil.-Sandy loam, with red clay subsoil; been in cultivation

three years ; original growth, long leaf pine, post oak, hickory

and black jack.
PreparafiM.- The lan d was broken with a: two. horse plow.

The rows were laid off three feet apart with straight shovel,

followed by a: scooter plow in the same furrow; fertilizers ap-

plied at the rate of zoo lbs. per acre, and bedded on with a one-

horse turning plow.

I

Compost.-400 lbs. cotton s<!ed, 400 lbs. stable manure and

1200 lbs. muck from the mill pond. This, applied broadcast,

surpassed any fertilizer used.

Planting.-April 14th, opened beds with small rooter plow;

sowed the seed by hand and covered .with board.

Cttltivatio1l.-May 8th, sided with 18 inch sweep; xttb, chop-

ped to one and two stalks eve(y eight or ten inches; May 28th,

plowed second time with 22 inch sweep, wings slightly turned,

to throw some dirt to the cotton; June 6th, hoed with No. 2

Scovil hoe; June 18th, plowed with 24 inch sweep, 2 furrow

Soil Test of Fertilt'zers.

57

to the row; June 26th, chopped over with the hoe; July 6th, plowed with 24 inch sweep, 3 furrows to the row; July 2oth, ran one furrow to the row with 28 inch sweep.

llst Lbs. of
fertili-

tk'g.

2nd p'k'g

Srd pk'g.

4th Yield In p'k'g Seed

zer

pt. Sept. Oct. Oct. Cotton

- - - - - - - - - - - per acre 3rd. 19th. 8th. 29th. per acre

a Dickson's Compound [Al...................... 200 186 ~18 223 136 763

a Sibley's I XL Sup. Phos ......................... 200 162 181 218 140 701

N.J. Chemical Co.'s Superphos. of Lime .... 200 118 168 198 199 683

Calctued Marl.................................. .....- - 200 91 171 173 178 613

Whann1s .Raw .Bone Superphosphate........... 200 205 228 248 181 862

Merryman's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone... 200 198 284 302 74 858 Compost, 400 lbs. cotton seed, 400 stable ma-
nure, and 1,2UO of muck...... .................. 2,000 214 318 511 225 1268

Patapsco Guano Co's Soluble Guano ............ 200 94 174 164 181 GIS

Without Fertilizer ......................... ........................ 88 182 188 150 608

ON CORN.

j~~Au~. J!O::,. F~h,i~r. J~!';a. M~~~~

Patapsco Guano............................................ -2-

13th. Sept. 22d.

Cotton Seed......................... ........................ 8

12 213 " lith. " 2Gtb,

Without Ferti1.1zer ...................................... ......

8 181 " 22nd. Oct. 18th.

Seasons dry in July and August.

Ezpen'mmt of WILLis NEWTON, Shady Dale, Jasper Cou1lty, o1z Cotton.

Soil.-Light gray, with stiff clay subsoil; has been in culti-

vation about 65 years; original growth, oak and hickory.

Previous Treatment.-The land has been regularly rotated

in small grain, cotton and corn. Cotton seed. have been applied

to both corn and small grain.

The plat was in small grain, manured with cotton seed, in

187Q.



Preparation.-The land was broken deep and thoroughly with a 14 inch scoiter; rows were laid off 3 feet wide with a long scooter, followed by a long shovel ; the rows were 35 yards long.

sB

Soil Test of Fertilt::ers.

Ferlilization.-The concentrated fertilizers were applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, and the compost at the rate of ..J.OO lbs. per acre. The plat was arranged as directed, and the com post made with Wando Acid Phosphate, cotton seed and stable manure, according to formula No. 1 from the Departmen. The fertilizers were applied in the opening furrow, and the beds made with turning plow.
Plunting.--April 26th, beds were opened with coulter and block; seed sown and covered with a board, leaving the beds in nice oval form.
Crdtivatioll.-May 16th, siden with scooter; May 21st, chopped to a stand ten inches in the drill; June sth, plowed with sweep, 3 furrows to the row; July 2d, hoed; 4th, plowed with sweep ; 27th, plowed with sweep, 2 furrows to the row ; August 9th, plowed with sweep, one furrow to the row, followed by the hoe on the 13th.
On account of the dry weather in May, cotton did not come up well until June 12th, after the rain. . Seasons.-May dry and until June 1oth, after which seasonable to 2oth; June 22d, rain; July 1oth, rain; July 21st, 22d and 23d, heavy rains.
Remarks.-" Where fertilizers were used and crops well cultivated, I think the yield was increased from so to 100 per cent."

f

t

Sozl Test of Fertilizers.

lbs of 1st 2n<l 3rd llh Yield of

Fertil lzer

pk'g, Sept

pk'g Oct.

pk'g, Nov.

1;k'""''

!Sfed Cot ton ~er acre.

l - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -,-pe-r a-cre 26th. 17th. 16th.

aBusey's Excelsior...............................

200 8:50 5i2 427

1~

11C~

Without Fertilizer............................. . ............ 0

229 SGi 35

52~

aWando Acid Phosphate, Compost .......

400 210 332 420 15

077

Without Fetilizer.............................. ............ 0

227 815 86

578

Excellen za Cotton Ferlllizer;.............. . 200 350 3lf; 295 20

980

........... Without F erUlizer..............................

0

140 850 32

52"2

aSea Gull Am'd Dissol ved Bone...........

200 227. 315 245 18

705

...... ...... Without FettlllJ.er .............................

0

140 227 30

397

I

Eureka .Am'd Bone Superphosphate. ...

200 210 210 295

15

730

............ Without Fertilizer................ ...... .........

0

87 297 31

813

Cotton Comp'd .A.m'd Dissolved Bone..

200 140 17/i 280 20

615

Without Ferli.izer..............................

0

90 210 30

3~0

Etl wan Guano................................. .

200 176 22: 1 280

IS

750

Without Fertilizer............................. ............ 0

52 210 so

292

Expen'mmt of B. vV. WILLIAMS, Cold Water, Elbert County Ga., on Cotton.
Sol-Second bottom, much worn ; form erly alluvial, with mula tto clay subsoil; has been in cultivation 100 years. Original growth, ash, willow, and alder.
Prevous Treatmmt--ln 1874, in corn, without manure; in 1875, in cotton, with 150 lbs. guano per acre; in 1876, in wheat, without manure.
Preparation- -February 17th, broke the land with onehorse turn-plow, turning under grass half leg high. April 20th, laid off with square-pointed rooter, followed by turning-plow in the same furrow, the fertilizers applied, and the land bedded with turning-plow.
Plantmg-April 25th, opened the beds with small roote r and covered seed with iron-toothed harrow.
Cultvat01Z-May 16th, barred off with turning plow, and hoed. June 25th, sided with shovel, and cleaned with hoe. One furrow with sweep run in the middles July 15th.

6o

Soil Test of Fertzlzers.

.

lst 2d Yield In Lbs. of pk'g. pk'g. Seed l<'ertlllzer Oct. Nov. Cotton
- - - -- - - - - - -- - - -1-per-acr-e. -lith-. -25-th.-p-er -acr-e.

Snowden's Soluble Phosphate.................................

200 420 490

930

Without Fertilizer...................................................

210 450

665

aRagsdnle's Am'd Dissolved Bone.............................

200 450 630

1088

Without Fertilizer...................................................

210 456

666

aSnrdy's Am'd Soluble Pacific Guano......................

200 350 490

840

WUhout Fertilizer............ .......................................

211 456

667

Merryman's Dis. Bone 300 lbs. & Stable Man. 100 lbs

400

1327

Seasons-No rain in May; from June 3d to July 17th good seasons. From July 17th to 23d of August, there was no r-ain to do any good, causing probably a loss of one-third the crop. From August 23d, till crop matured, too much rain.

Experiment of THos. E. SPEIGHT, Fort Gat'nes, Clay County, on Cotto1t.

Soil.-Stiff g\ay soil, with fine ,red clay subsoil; been in cui tivation 35 years; original growth, pine, oak and hickory.

Prem'ous Treatment.-The plat has been cultivated in cotton for thret' years previous to this, and manured each year with barnyard manure. The land has been well cultivated, but never subsoiled.

Preparation.-The rows of the plat were 105 yards long and

3 feet apart; the land was not broken flush. April 26th, fur-

rows were opened with a bull-tongue scooter, going to tne clay;

a straight shovel following in the same furrow in which the fer-

tilizers were distributed. The bedding was done with a long,

f

small turning shovel, breaking the land well.

Fertilizafon.-The commercial fertilizers were applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre. The plat was arranged as directedin sets of four rows. The composts were applied at the rate of 525 Jbs. per acre. zoo lbs. of South Carolina Acid Phosphate were compostej with 700 lbs. of well-rotted, dry stable manure. -To Ioo lbs. each of Sea Fowl Guano and Atlantic Fertilizer, were added 350 lbs. of the same stable manure, and all thoroughly mixed.

Pla-zting.-A pril 26th, the beds were opened with a small scooter, the seed sown and covered with a board ; a good stand
was s'ecured. OuUivation.-May 21st, barred off, and chopped to a stand

Sozl Test of Ferttltzers.

61

on the 24th; e8th, sided with sweep; June 12th, hoed again, and on the r6tb plowed out with sweep.
No rain having fallen from the 7th of May to June r6tb, the ground was very dry, but still soft and mellow. July roth, there was the first light rain ; all vegetation seemed burned up. The ground was so dry, and the rain being very light, it was soon a9 dry as ever. There being no grass in the cotton, it was not hoed again, but the plows were used twice more, completing the cultivation.

Jst 2d 3d Yield in

Lbs. of ~k'g. pk'g. ~g.

eed

Fertilizer

Oct. ec. Cotton

:- ---- - - - - - - per acre.

28d. 4th. per acre.

S, C. Acid Phosphate Composted ..............

526 19.5 13 5 988

Without Fertilizer......................... ..........

13 18 4 818.75

aAUantlc .Fertilizer Composted..................

525 19 8 11 883

Without. Fertilizer..:....................................

12 15 5 744

aSea Fowl Guano Composted.........................

525 24 10

953.25

Without Fertilizer............................... .........

13 21 3 880.25

Pendleton's Ammoniated Super-Phosphate....

200 24 20 12 1302

Without F ertilizer........,.................................

13 21 5 900,75

aSea Fowl Guano............... - ..................... ...

200 22 21 10 1232

Without .Fertilizer........................................

11 22 6 906.75

aAtlantlc Fertilizer....... ,...............................

200 23 15 11 1136.75

Without Fertilizer.. .....................................

12 20

837

Seasons-Were so extremely unfavorable that at one time it vas thought that nothing would be made.

&pen'ment of GEo. L. CAIN, ofJefferson County, on Cotton.
Previous Tretitment.-The land had been lying out for anumber of years, and had grown up in pine saplings; was cut down last winter and put in cultivation this year.
Preparation. -The land was broken with a small scooter and opened with a sho\ el. In this furrow the fertilizers were distributed, and listed on with scooter, and the beds finished with turning plow.
Fertilization, etc.-The fertilizers -applied the last of Marchzoo lbs. per acre in shovel furrow. *E. F. Coe's fertilizer was

62

S ot'! Test of Fertlt'zers.

cotnposted with stable manu re and cotton seed .!... r2oo lbs. of

the latter to xooo lbs. of the former.

Planting.-April xoth, opened the beds with small scooter;

sowed seed by hand and covered with harro1v .

Cultivation.-First plowing done with scooter; second and third with soli d sweep, and fourth with winged sweep.

)

"Naroe of brand not given.

The following is the result of two pickings. The last was

made by mistake, and he ce not included:

Scasous-Apri1 1st, heavy rain ; cotton planted a few days

afterwards; from then till May 15th, good seasons; then

no rain at all till June lOth. The dry weather seriously

retarded the growth of cotton. From June lOth to 1st of

August, tl:e seasons were good; then very dry-no more

rain until it was too late to benefit the cotton.

Lbs..of Fertihzer per acre.

lst 1"' k'g

p2'kd'g

Yield in
Seed Cot
ton

- - - - - - -- - -- -------- - - - - - - - -per-acr-e.

aEureka Am !llonialed Disssolved Bone................ ......

200 161 11~

276

Without Fertilizer................................. ................................. 57 80

137

aGeorgin State Orange Fertilizer...............................

200 161 liS

276

'Vithout Fertilize! ............................... ................................. 52 69

121

aBJ!dwln & Co.'s Acid Phosphate......... .....................

200 115 92

207

Without Fertilizer.......................... ....................... ........ ....... 46 57

103

Sarcly's Phospho Peruvian.......................................

200 138 69

207

Without Fertilizer.................................................................. 43 52

95

Merryman's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone................

200 115 69

1S4

E. Frank Coe's Composted........................... ............

200 230 159

368

Withou t Fertilizer....................................... ........................... 69 115

184

Remarks.-Mr. Cain says: "In my opinion, it has been a a bad year fo r fertilizers.''

E xpen'mmt of W. D. GRANT & Co., Holcombe, J efferson County, on Cotton.
Soi/.-Sandy, with red clay subsoil. Been cleared many

Sozl Test of Fertiltzers.
years; no sign of stumps on the land; character of original growth not known ; very thin land.
Previous Treatment.-lt had been lying out, and was grown up in broom sedge in 1876, when it was planted in cotton and manured with 167 lbs per acre of Merryman's Dissolv~d Bones.
Prepa1J.tion, Planting, etc -April 19th, th6 land was broken with Watt plow, furrows opened with 12 inch shovel, fertilizers distributed at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, the hnd bedded with common taming shovel, and the cotton planted-all done same day.
Cultivation -The cotton was chopped out May 25th; plowed with 18 inch sweep June rst; hoed June 15th; June 26th, plowed
with 22 inch sweep: July sth, hoed; July 12th, plowed with ,
22 inch sweep; August 13th, laid by with 22 inch sweep.

Jst 2d 3d Yield of Lbs. of ~g t>k'g. pk'g Seed Fertilizer pt. Oct. NO\' Cotton
-per-acr-e. 2-4t-h. -lOth-. -13-th -per -acr-e.

aBarry's Granger Fertlllzer...................... ............

200 11.25 5.5 6 796

Without Fertilizer......... ....................................

1.25 8 6 358.7

aGrange Mixture Dissolved Bone Phosphate........

200 11.5 8 4 647.6

Without Fertilizer......... ....................................

2.25 5 6.5 481

a!Hckson's Compound ......... ................................

200 8.5 4.75 4.5 565

Without Ferlllizer........... ........................ .........

3 6 350

Merryman's Ammoniat ed Dissolved Bone ..........

200 13.25 3.5 4.5 743

Without Fertilizer...... .................. .....................

4.25 4.7:'> 7 560

M~rrymnn's Pure DU;so!ved Bone .............. ...... ..

2~0 12 3.25

3 638

Seasons- Ra?Zjall- Apri1 30th, light shower ; May 7th,

good rain; 13th and 28th, light showers; June lOth and



13th, good rains; 17th, hard rain ; 21st, rain ; 24th, hard rain; July 15th, light shower; 20th, good rain: 22d, rain .

Rain fell August 6th and 14th, and September 7th, 18th,

19th, 20th and 21st.

Messrs. Grant & Co. say: "In 1876, our cotton rows

were three feet eight inches apart, fertilized at the rate of

167 lbs. per acre. In 1877, our rows were three feet apart,

Sol Test of Fertzlzzers.

on land fertilized the previous year. In laying offthe rows

three feet apart for the soil test, it is our belief that some

of the rows were laid off in the fertilized rows used in 1876. "

This vitiates the whole test, as it is not known which rows

were on those fertilized the previous year, and shows the

importance of selecting, for test, land not fertilized the

the previous year.

E~petz'mmt of ]. T. LINDLEY, Powder Springs, Cobb county,

01z Cotton.

'

Sot'!.- Dark mulatto, with clay :;ubsoil; has been in cultiva-

'

tion about forty years; original growth, oak, chestnut and

hickory.

Previous Treatment--The land has been well cultivated,

and manured some for several years. It was in cotton in

1875, and manured with guano; in wheat in 1876, fertilized

with cetton seed.

Preparation.-The plat was broken deep with one-horse

turning plow; rows run north and south, each three feet wide,

and 35 yards long; all the rows had the same number of

stalks. Furrows were opened with shovel plow, fertilizers

distributed and listed upon with turning plow. The middles

were not plowed out until the day before planting. The com-

post was made according to formula No. z, in circular No. 42. Planting.-Beds were opened, seed sown and covered with

harrow April 24th.

Cultivation.-Harrowed twice and reduced to stand; subse

qpent cultivation done with sweep.



3otl Test oj Fer#ltzers.

Lbo. of

Yield of

fertili-

Seed

zer

Cotton

per acre let 2d 8d 4th per acre

- - - - - - - - - - p'k'g. p'k''! p'k'g. p'k'g.

a Wando Aci d Phoaphate Compost..............

200 1

4

8

s

1540

Stern's Ammoniated Superphoaphate. ...... ...

200 .75 s

4 4

1645

Without Fertilizer..................................... ............ .2~ 2 8.5 2

1026

Merry man's Ammoniated Dis. Bone............ 200 1 3 4 2

1400

Navassa Am' d Soluble P hosphate............... 200 .75 2 4 3

1365

&Ammoniated Soluble Bone, Pratt's ............

200 1

s

8

s

1400

Dugdale&; Co's Am'd Superphosphate.......

200 1 2

............ Without Fertilizer ......... . ...........................

.25 s

4 2.75 1365 2 2.25 1015

eBaldwin & Co's Am' d Dissolved Bone. ......

200 .75 2

4

s

18M

Cumberland Bone Co' s Superphosphate......

~00 . 75 1. 5 8.25 s.75 1295

S easons.-Generally good, as to rainfall, except the two last weeks in August, which caused the bte crop to shed.
R emarks.-aLadd's Alkaline Fertilizer w;t.s received too late
to be composted. It was broadcasted over wheat, but no ac-
curate test tade.
&pe1iment of J. T. DENNIS, Eatonton, Putnam County, on
Cotton.

Soil.- Red, with stiff red clay subsoil. Has been culti-

vated about 40 years. Original growth, oak and hickory.

Land very poor.

Previo1ts Treatmeut.-The plat was in corn in 1874, with-

out manure. In 1875, in cotton, manured with Etiwan

Dissolved Bone and cotton seed; oats planted in among

the cotton in fall of 1875. After the oats were harvested

in 1876, the land was pastured closely.

Preparatt'on.-It was well broken in January, 1877, with

one horse Watt plow; rows laid off last week in March, run-

ning twice in the same furrow, fertilizers deposited and the

land bedded. Rows 35 yards long.

Fertilization.-Farmer's Fertilizing Compound was mixed

with green cotton seed after they were mashed. All fertiliz-

ers applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre.

5

.

.. 66

Soz'l Test of Fertzlz'zers.

Plantz'ng.-Beds opened April 20th, with small scooter; seed sown, and covered with harrow.

L bs. of

Yi eld in

lertill- 1st 2d

3d Seed

zer picking. picking. picki ng. Cotton

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -pe-r ac-re - - - - - - - -pe-r ac-re

Without F er tilizer...................................... .....:......

.5

1.5

.76 192.5

Etiwan Di!!l!olved Bone............ . ................

200 4.5

8.5

1.25 647.5

Without F ertilizer..................................... ............

.3

1.5

210

Empire Guano....................,_,_, ............... 200 6

Without Fertilizer__,,,................ ...... ..................

.II

8.25 1

717.5

2

1.6 280

Patapsco Guano ........................................... 200 7

3.5

805

Without F ertilizer................................................. 0

2.11

.5

210

uFarmer's Fertilizing Comp'd & Cotton Seed 200 4

8. 5

2

665

Without Fertilizer.................... ............ - .. ............ 1.211 2.5

482.5

Stono Soluble Guano.................... ...............

200 5.5

3.5

Without Fertilizer ......! .............................. ............ 1.5

2.6

.75 682.5 8.50

r '

uWat..on & Clark's Superphosphate.............. 200

.5 595

Without Fertilizer....................................... ............

175

aFarmer's F ertilizing Compound...... ..........

200 3

8.5

1

525

2.5

.5 210

Seasom.--Good to May 8th; June 1oth, 1st rain after May 8th; June 13th, rain, and continued nearly every day to 18th; 2Jd and 24th, rain; 27th, light shower; July sth, 6th and gth, good rains; August 8th, light rain, not enough to do any good; September 17th, good rain, first to do any good since July 19th.

Experiment of WM. S. MoNTGOMERY, Social Circle, Walton Connty, on Cotton.
No. 1.-Sotl-Thin old land, with yellow porous subsoil; been in' cultivation 50 years. In oats in 1876, manured with 40 bushels of cotton seed per acre.. Original growth, oak and hickory.
No. 2.-So/-Mulatto, with yellow subsoil. In cotton in 1876, heavily manured ; made 1800 lbs. seed cotton per acre. Been in cultivation 10 years.
Previous Treatmetzt-No. 1-The rotation has been smal

Sozl Test of Fettzlzzers.
grain, cotton and corn. When in small grain, manured generally with about 20 bushels cotton seed per acre; when in cotton, fertilized with guano; when in corn, manured with cotton seed. Has not been idle in 20 years.
No, 2-Same as No. 1. Preparation-No. 1-Land turned over with two-horse turning plow, in September, 1876, about six inches deep, but not subsoiled. Plat 70x35 yards. No. 2-Subsoiled 12 inches deep in January, by running a turning plow and iron foot plow in the same furrow. Plat 70 by 70 yards. Fmilzatt'on-April12th, furrows were opened three feet apart with 14 inch shovel, the fertilizers applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, in the bottom of the furrow, an irol\ foot plow following to mix them with the soil, and the beds made with a turning plow. No. 2-Same as No. 1. Planting-April 24tli, beds opened with coulter and seed planted with Dow Law planter. No. 2-Same as No. 1. Cultivation_;_No. 1--May 11th an iron toothed harrow was run over the cotton beds ; 19th, chopped out-good stand secured; 23d, sided with small scooter. June 5th, hoed to sta.nd; 12th, sided with sweep. July 6th, hoed and sided with shovel and scraper the same day; July 11th, plowed out with shovel and scraper; 23d, plowed with sweep. No. 2-Same as No. 1.

68

Soil Test of Ferttli'zm.

PL4T No.1.

I Lbs. of Yield of
FerliU- Seod zer Cotton

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _pe_r~-pe-ra_c_re

Without Fertillzer................................................... ..................... ...... ............ 630

Merryman's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone ....................................._ . 200 946a Patapsco Soluble Guano ..............................................- ................ 200 a Ober's Sol. Acid Phos. and l; bushels cotton Seed............................. 200 910

'

f

a Preston & Son's Acid Phos. and 17bushels cotton seed................ 200 840

PL.t.T No.2.

Without Fertilizer........................................................................... ........... 1190

Merryman's Ammoniated Dissolved tJones ...................... ......... ...~..

200 1365

Patnpsco Soluble Guano ................................................................. 200 133~

a Ober's Sol. Acid Pbos. nnd 17 bushels cotton seed ............................. 200 1260

a;Preston & Son's Acid Phoo. &nd 17 bushels cotton aeed .................... 200 1100

Remarks.-Mr. Montgomery says: "It is unfortunate

as to results, that I made the tests on plats that were so



highly fertilized. Last year I was in the 'dry stt eak,'

(

made a very short crop. No doubt 100 lbs. per acre, un-

der these circumstances, would have given better results

than 200 lbs. I have no doubt the . addition of 17 bus.

cotton seed did an injury.

Experiment of THOMAS DIXON, Garden Vallty, Macon county, on Cotton.

Soil.-- Gray, sandy, with clay subsoil; has been in cultivation thirty or forty years; original growth, oak, pine and hickory; when cleared principally pine.
Previous Treatment.-ln 1876 a crop of wheat was harvested / on the plat, no .manure applied to it. For several years previous to 1876 it was cultivated in cotton, with a moderate application of stable and barn yard manure.
Preparation, etc.--The land being covered with stubble, weeds and grass, rows were laid off about the 15th of Febru ary, three feet apart, and 140 yards long, with a six inch shovel plow, and lists thrown up with a six inch turning plow, leaving an unbroken rid~e between rows. April 1st, the ridges were broken out with a five inch shovel, the fertilizers distribted at the rate ot 200 lbs. per acre, and covered with two fur-

Soz1 Test of Ferttlizets.
!'ows of the same plow. The beds were finished with a turni ng shovel.
Fertilization.-Baldwin's Acid Phosphate was com posted with stable manure, sixty lbs. of manure to twenty 1bs. of phosphate; compost made in a vat in the ground, under shelter.
PlatJting.-April xoth, opened t he beds with small scooter plow, sowed the seed and covered with a board.
Cultivation-May 14th, barred with small turning plow; x6th, chopped, leaving from one to three plants in the hill; 24th, plowed second time with 14 inch sweep ; June 8th, hoed to stand; x.oth, plowed third time with r8 inch sweep; 25th, hoed again. July 12th, plowed fourth time with x8 inch sweep; .2oth, ran one furrow in middles with sweep.

Lbs. of 1st

2d

Sd

4th Yield of

fertili- pick1'~, p!ckl' g, pfcld'g, pfckl'g, Seed Cotton

zer Aug.2 . Sept. Sd /Sept. 20. Oct. 10. per acre.

p-. aCTe - - - - - - - - - - -

Leyden's Am'd Sol. Guano . .. 200

S5

61

Without Fertilizer - ............ ............

Grange Mixture .....................

200 43.5 78.5

78.6 S50 8.5 299 87.5 867.5

524.5 1!07.5
577

cNnvassa 'Am'd Solu ble Phos. ...

200

70 87.5 87.5 Ml

584

Baldwin's Acid Phos. Compost 200

IS

S5

61 402

511

Experiment ofF. P. THORNTON, Cold Water, Elbert County, on Cotton.
Soil-Clayey upland; been in cultivation 35 years since it was recleared in old field pines. 30 years ago it made about _Joo lbs. seed cotton per acre.
Previous Treatment-The plat has been planted in cotton for .35 vears, except two years when it was sown in wheat. It has had some manure applied every year, such as could be raked up about the yard and rich fence corners, with sometimes a .little lot manure. Since the war, commercial fertilizers have been used on it for eight years. It was in wheat in 1876, and green soiled in September.
Pr-eparation-A heavy coat of weeds and grass was turned tUnder in September,, 1876. It was rebroken in February with

70

Soil Test of Ferttlzzn-s.

narrow rooter plow. In March, rows were run off East and' West, 3 feet wide and 70 yards long, with long narrow shovelplow, following in the same furrow with a good turning scooter. In this the fertilizers were applied, and listed on with a narrow subsoiling rooter. The middles were broken out with a turning plow just before planting. Plat arranged as directed in special circular No. 32
FertiHzers were applied at the rate of 200 lbs per acre. Lo.. gan's Fertilizing Compound was composted as follows, viz : 200 lbs. of well pulverized stable manure, 200 lbs. cotton seed and 200 lbs. of the Compound, moistened as mixed, put into a compact pile, covered with earth, sheltered and let stand four weeks before using;. applied 300 lbs per acre. Dicksons Acid Phosphate was composted in the same way.
Pla1zting-April 25th, the beds were opened with sm~ll plow~ two bushels of seed sown per acre after rolling them in ashes~ and covered with a harrow.
Cttltt"vation-May 7th, sided with small shovel with shear board; May 1rth and I 2th, hoed and thinned to I 2 inches, one stalk in a place; May 25th, sided with sweep; 31st, hoed;. Ju ne 15th, sided again with sweep; 2oth and 21st, hoed; July 9th, ran one furrow in the middles with sweep; 13th and 14th, hoed.

Lbs. or 1st

I 2d

Sd

4th Yield In

fertill- pickl'g, plckl'g, 81cki'g picki'g, ~Seed Cot-

zer Sept. 11 Sept. 21 ct. 9tb Nov. &. ton

per acTe

per acre.

.... aSoluble Pacific Guano.....

200

16

aLorentz & Rittler's Soi.;am. PhOS 200

14

aLognn's Fert'g Comp'd-compos'd. 300

14

a Dickson's Acid Ph~ mposted.

800

Average of Unfertilized Plats... ...... ...... 1

1:1

14 12 15 18 15 13' 14 12.5 10 12

14 980 12 945 14 962.5 15] 988.7515 752.5

Seasons-May, very dry; June, July! and up to 2oth August.. rain in abundance; dry and very warm latter part of August and first of Septemb~;r
Remarks-" The seasons have been unpropitious to the use of fertilizers in this section this year. The dry,. hot weather in August and September caused {we think} about one-half of the:

Sozl Test of Fertilzzers.

71

forms to fall off. Our good lands did as well or better without fertilizers."

&periment ofT. A. HAMILTON, Tlzomso1z, McDuffie County, on Cotton.

Soil-Red sandy, with red clay subsoil; original growth, oak

\

and hickory.

Previous Treatment-In 1873, it was in bro(,)tn sedge and

poverty grass; in 1874, in cotton, manured with John Merry-

man's guano. In 1875 and 1876, in oats, without manure.

Preparation-Furrows were opened with straight shovel, the

fertilizers distributed, and then a subsoil rooter run in the fur-

row, listi made with scooter and beds with home mllde turning

shovel. The g1vund was in fine working order at the time of

planting and first plowing, and was in good condition through-

out the season. The plat was arranged according to instruc-

tions from the Department.

Fertilization-In the compost of stable rnanure, cotton seed

and Phosphate Flour, 6oo lbs of each was used with 200 lbs. of

dirty salt, and some water applied in the heap at the time of

cowposting. Where the compost .vas used without t.he Phos-

phate Flour, the salt was also omitted, making a heap of equal

layers of each material. No salt was used with the Acid Phos-

phate.

Planting.-The plat was planted the last week in April.

The spring was wet and cold-all crops got a late start.

Cultivation.-Last of May, sided with sweep and chopped

to a stand. Plowing all done with sweep, finishing last of

July.

Sol Test of Fertz'lzzen.

Lbs. of Yield of

PLA.T No.1.

Fertilizer Seed

per acre. Cotton

per acre.

----------------------~-------1-- --

Cotton seed and stabe manure.......................................................

200 34:i.l!i

Without fertilizer.......... ........... .... ........... .... ........................... ............... 180

Cotton seed, stable manure&. Phos.Flour, 6001bs. each, &200 lbs. salt.

2,000 281

Without fertilizer............ ......... . ................................................................. 821

a Peruvian Guano............................ ......................... ..................

200 431

Withou t rerWizer . .. . ................................................................ ... .. . .......... 157.!j

PLAT NO.2.
a Peru~nn Guano. cotton seed and stable manure, in equal weights..

200 640.33

Without fertilizer........... ......................................................................... 157.6

Cotton sGei and stable manure............................... .......................

400 869

Wlttout fertilizer............ ...... .................................... . ................. ...... ......... 129

Cotton seed, stable manure andPhos. Flour....................................

200 267

PLAT No.3.

/

a E. Frank Coe's Ground Bones......................................................

200 863

Without fertilizer................................................................. .. ................... 116

Georgia State Grange FerWizer......................................................

200 496

Without fertili zer.................................. ............................................... ...... . . 103

Blue B<.ne Superphosphate.......................................... .. ..............

200 339

PLAT NO.4.

Sol. Pacific Acid Phos. stable manure and cotton seed, equal parts...

.Without fertilizer................................. ............ .............................. ............... 468

Phos. Flour,cotton seed & stable man ure. 600 lbP.each,and 20 lbs. enlt

9.00 431

aAmmonlated Soluble Bone, P rntt'o, was received, but not r eported In the experi-

ment, on account of an error. aDefiance Superphosphate was not received in time tO

be used.

(

SeWons.--The spring was wet and cold, causing much cot-

ton to die out. The last two weeks of May were dry, causing

cotton to come up slowly. Sli~ht rain June 5 h. :Between the

5th and z8th, rain fell on fourteen days. July was very dry

37 too inches during the month. August dry to the 15 th. Af-

ter the 15th there was a good rain weekly. The summer was

unusually cool. During the last of August hot dry winds in-

jured cotton very much. The rains in September and Octo

ber caused a h~avy second growth, which prevented the early

crop from opening,

Soil Test oj Fntz'li'zers.

Remarks.-"The crop of the whole county is not more than

half a crop, and in my neighborhood, by number of the b ales

and the weight of tht: same, we are not making o1ze-llalf the

crop made last year, 1876."

Experiment of H. W. MATIOX, Mcintosh, Li'berly county,

on Corn.



Soil.- Sandy; first crop, original growth', pine.

Preparation.-- Land broken and row!~ laid off five feet wide.

The Fertilizers -Were applied by the side of the corn, when

the plant was about six inches high, and covered wi~ the

plow.



Planting.--The corn was planted early in April, and culti-

vated with plow and hoe.

Lbs. of Bus of Lbs. of

Fertfllzer Corn Fodder

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -1-per-liCr-e. -per-acr-e. -per-acr-e,

aZell's Cotton A.cld Phosphate...............- ..............,_.

200

aOber's Ammoniated Superphosphate................. .........

200

Lot Manure............ ............................................ ...

1000

~t~1 16 2W ~
17
11 2CO -?

Without Fertilizer.......................................................

150 ~

On cotton planted on old worn land middle of April.

Yield In L b9. of Seed FerWizer Cotton
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -1- - - per acre. per acre.

Wando F ertili zer.........................................................................

200

400

aWithout Fertilizer.....................................................................

240

S easons-Good throughout.
Experiment of M. . S. PADEN, Woodstock, Cherokee County, on Cotton.
Soil-Gray, with stiff clay subsoil; has been in cultivation 25 years; has been idle seven or eight years; original growth, post, red and black oak, and some hickory.
Previous Treatment-No crops grown on the land for seven or eight years. Never manured before this crop. It had grown

74

Sozl Test oj Fertzltzers.

up in pigeon weeds and a few sma\1 pines, with some sedge. The land is about as poor as any in the county that is culti~ vated at all .
Preparation, etc.-The plat em braced two acres, which sloped
' gently to the East. The land was broken in March , with a No.
5 Watt plow, about six inches deep. April r6th, .fertilizers were applied in furrows accurately measured 70 yards long, and the land bedded.
Fertilizers were applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, and bedded on with a square-pointed scooter with mouldboard attached. Stable manure was com posted with Charleston Phosphate and salt.
Planted the cotton April 2rst, and covered with a harrow. Cultivation-It was plowed tpe first time with Murphy subsoil plow, as deep as a strong horse could pull the plow. Left as nearly as possible the same number of stalks to each row. It was plowed, harrowed or hoed once a week until middle of July. Oats sown on the plat \ugust xst, and put in with a sweep.

Lbs. of fertlli- 1st

I 2d

ad

Yield in 4th Seed Cot..

zer picking picking picking picking ton

per acre
1-

- - - - - - - - - -per-acr-e.

Ammoniated Soluble Bone ........

200

9

10

10

2

1085

aEureka Am'd Diss<J ived Bone.. 200 8

9

a

1

735

Stern's Am'd Superphosphate.... 200 10

9

6

1.5 927.6

aExcellenza Cotton Fertlll1.er ....

200 12.

10

7

1

106M

Phosphate Flour-Composted.....

200

6

5

9

2.5 657.5

Witliont Fertilizer.................... ............ 8

4

8

1.5 392.(1

(

aE. Fnnk Coe's Dissolved Bone. 200 11

14

4

1

1067.5

Phos. Flour Compost in drill..... 1000

9

11

1

840

Phosphate Flour Compost broad

cast after furrows were opened, and before bedding................. 1000 11

10.5'

:1 1

1032

Seasons were very good, with the exception of a short drouth in July, which injured the highly fertilized cotton.

Sot'l Test of Fertilz'zers.

75

&pen:ment of J. P. CARS0N, Reynolds, Taylor County, on
Cotton.

Soil-Gray sandy loam upland; been in cultivation 15 or 16 years. Original growth, oak and hickory.
Previous Treatmmt-The plat was in orchard for 13 years. Corn, cotton and peas have been grown upon it; has been in c!)tton for the past three years~ was manured with stable manure in 1875
Preparation -Old rows opened, fertilizers applied and land bedded last of March ; rows three feet wide.
Fertilizers were applied at the rate of 225 lbs. per acre. Composts were made as follows :
To six bushels colton seed and 300 lbs. lot manure, 167 lbs. of Logan Fertilizing Compound.
To six bushels cotton seed and 300 lbs. lot manure, xoo lbs. Lorentz & Rittler's.
To six bushels cotton seed and 300 lbs. lot manure, Joo lbs. Sardy's Acid Phosphate.
The bulk was cut down two weeks before it was applied to the plat.
Planting -April 17th, sowed the seed and covered with a board; April 26th, fine stand up.
Cultivation-May 7th, barred off with turning plow; 8th, chopped out; 14th, sided with 13 inch sweep, with wing turned up; June 5th, sided lightly with 16 inch solid sweep; same repeated June 23d; July zd, broke out middles; July 23d, sided with 18 inch solid sweep and broke middle's.

- - - - - - - - Lbs. of
fertilizer
per acre

1st pick!~~: Aug.2.

2d t c k l og,
pt.14.

3rd picklog Oct. 10.

4th picking Dec. 3.

Yield of Seed CoLton
per acre

~t,~::;~ ~e~tt~i!~~ ~~n~~~~~~~ eomposted .............................

226 4.5 14

9

226 4.5 14.25 11.5

S.ll- 1,085 8.5 1,179.75

aSardy's Acid Phos., compoeted ....

225 4

14<

10

Without fertilizer ...... . ................ ............ .......... 12.5 7.5

8 1,085

8

805

Mr. Carson says: '' I used begasse under cotton with

more success than from any of the composts, especially

where it was rotted."

Sot'l Test of Fertzlt'zers.

"Seasons have been unfavorable. The extremes were

great at times. Very light rains duri~g the growing sea-

son, with periods of intense heat. The fall has been ex

tremely unfavorable, owing to heavy rains and very little

open weather.



Remarks.-" The profit on fertilizers generally for .the

year have been light. Planters have almost universally paid

for them, however, and cheerfully."

&perimmt of J. F. HANSON, Rutledge, Morgan County,
on Cotton.

Soi/.-Plats No. r. and 2 dark, with stiff red clay subsoil; been in cultivation ten years. Nos. 3 and 4, same character Q( land, but bas been m cultivation fifty years. No. 5, thin, gray land. No.6, very old and worn out land, that has been cleared of second growth pines, and cultiYated in cotton ten years without much manuring.
Previous Treatment-Plat Nos. I and 2 was good land, planted in corn in 1876, and manured heavily with cotton seed. It was in sweet potatoes in 1875, without manure. Plat Nos. 3 and 4 were in cotton in 1876, with manure from the lot, very old and much worn. It was in wheat in 1875, manured with cotton seed.
Preparation, etc.-The preparation was the same on all of the plats. All were broken in winter with long scooters. The furrows were opened about the rst of April, fertilizers distributed, and the land bedded. The rows were 35 yards long, and three feet three inches wide. The cotton was left one or two stalks every ten inches in the drill.
Fertilizers were applied April rst, on Plats Nos. r, 2, 3, 4 ~nd 5, in a good shovel furrow, at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, and the beds made with long a small shovel plow. The composts were made subtantially by formula No. 2, circular No 42.
Planting.-The seed were planted April 16th, with Dow Law planter. Nos. 3 and 4 were very dry when planted, and the seed did not come up until June roth.
Cultivation.-The cotton was plowed first time with scooter, and hoed to a stand when five leaves had formed. June I5th,

Soil Test of Fertz'tz'zers.

77

worked secon{} time with sweep and hoe. Worked iu same way July ISth.

fe~&1f_ . lat

2nd

Srd Y::dof

I'LA.TN0.1.

zer picking picking picking Cotton per acre Sept. 16. Nov. 1. Dec. 18. per acre

- - - - - - - - - - -- ------------~---

aLogan'sSouth'n Fertilizing Comp'd Comp't 200 190 600 220 1,010

Without Fertilizer................ ..

60 400 237 707

PL..t.T So. 2.

a Wando FertiUzer.....- .........

200

185

585

237 1,007

- ...... WiLbout Ferlllizer......~

GO 400 237 70'J

PLA.TN0,3.

a Minor's Ammoniated Superphosphate..... 900 126 400 286 762

Without Fertilizer.................. _.......... ............ 200 227 (47

PLA.T No.4.

a Wando Fertilizer ................................... .. 200 ....................................

WithoutFertilizer....................................... ............ ............ ............ ............ 32~

PLA.TNO. 5.

Ladd's Alkaline FertiUzer, composted with stable manure and cotton seed, equal quantitle of each.. .................. ...... .................... 300

20 200 100 320

Without Fertilizer..................................................

1G 100 128 239

PLA.TNO. 6.

Liebig's Formula, comp't'd 167lbs.with 200} 567

lbs. cotton seed and 200 lbs. stable manure

200

Without Fertilizer....................................... ............

707 500.5 ............ 1,207.5 626 598 ............ 1,224 157 237.5 ............ 44U

Seasons-The spring was very cool and dry-April' to June 1oth. From June 1oth to 1st September, did not suffer for ram .
Experiment ofT. H. STALLWORTH, Sandy Rt'dge, Henry County, on Cotton.
Plat No. 1-Soi/-Dark mulatto, with clay subsoil; cleared in 186o. Original growth, oak and hickory, mixed with dogwood.
Previous Treatmmt,-Hasbeen cultivated in cotton, corn and wheat.
Preparation-It was plowed deep with square poi!: ted scooter

Sol! Test of Fertlzzers.
in February; opened furrows with steel shovel ; run twice in the same furrow in March, and bedded the land with shovel. Rows 25 yards long and three feet wide. Plat arranged as directed in special circular No. 32.
Fertilizers were applied at the rate ot 200 lbs. per acre, in a deep furrow. Composts were made according to formula No. 1 from Department.
Planting-April 17th, opened beds with.small, narrow steel scooter, sowed the seed and covered them with two furrowsof the same plow.
Cultivation-As soon as the cotton was up, a deep furrow was run in the middle of the rows, to make the drainage good. Cotton sided, first with scooter, and chopped to a stand ; following again same day with scooter. Subsequent cultivation done with hoes and steel swectps.
PLAT No. 1.

~~~u\1~

1st 2d package package

3d picking

n eldln Seed

ftt'h: aer per
acre .

Oct. Nov. Cotoon 20th. 17th. per acre

;J

------------

aMount Vernon Guano........... . .................

200 s

8

10

1470

Without Fert!U.er....................................

1.11 4.6

9

1050

aWhann's Raw-Roue Superphosphate ..,.._, 200 8

7

12

1540

Without Fertilizer....................................

2

4

8

980

aStono Soluble Guano .............. - ...............

200 2.11

6.G

11

uoo

Without Fertilizer..................................

1.211 8.76

8

910

GSchrefer's Ammoniated Superphosphate.... 200 8

7.G 11

1G05

'

Without Fertutser............... . . .................

1.5

4

8.5 980

aSoluble Pacific Acid Phos.-Composted...... 200 8

8

11

15W

Without F ertllUer ....................- .............

2

II

7

980

Merryman's Dissolved Bones...............- .. 200 8

8

12

1610

Without Fertilizer...................- .......... -

1.11

4

9

10111

Brighton Raw-Bone Superphosphate.........

200 8

T

1U 15011

Without F ertilizer....................................

2

II

7

980



Soil Test of Ferti'lt'zers.

79

PLA'r No. 2.-Soil.-Light sandy loam, with dark red clay

subsoil. It has been cleared fifteen years. It has been culti-

vated in wheat, corn, cotton and oats. Cotton planted April

19th, cultivated about as No. 1.

\

'

SHOWING EFFXOT OP DIFPERXNT QUJ.l'ITITIES OF FBRTIL- Lbs. of

Yield in

IZEB P:sa Acax.

Fertilizer Seed Cotton

per acre, per acre.

1r a!lfonnt Vernon Guano.................: ...................................

200 150

11~7
1095

100

1000

~ aWhan.n's Raw Bone Super-Phosphate................................

200

1200

150

1179

100

990

a8to~o J S?luble Gonno.......................................................

200 150

1187 1050

I

l

100

980

Without Fertilizer...... ............ ................. .. .... _......... . ...... ..................

805

200

1204

. 160

1108

-1r aSoluble Pacific Acid Phosphate Compost.........................

100

1000

200

1250

150

1180

100

1040

~ Me;r>'man's DlSBO!Teci;Bone.................. . ...........................

200

1207

150

1100

100

1045

~ BriKbton'e Raw Bone Super-Phosphate ....:...........................

1130

150

1092

100

Without Fertilizer.................................................................. ..................

795

Plat No. 3-Soil--poor, gray, and rocky, with gravelly subsoil-the. poorest in the field; been in broomsedge. Planted April 2J st.

I

8o

Sozt Test of Ferttti'zers.

Lbs. of Yield 1n Fertilizer Seed JKlr acre. Cotton
per acre.

200

6SO

aMount Vernon Guano................................................................ (

150

6~

)

100

400

cz W hann's'Raw:Bone_Super-Phospqnte ................................ . .... (

200

630

,., 150

610

100

tJ Schaefer's Ammoniated Super-Phosphate.......:.......................... /

200

600

150

530

160

4~

a Stono Soluble Guano ....................................... . ....................... (

200

600

150

510

100

880

Without Fertilizer ................. .................. . ......... ......... ............... ... ..... .........

150

200

693

a Soluble Pacific Acid Phosphate............................:.................. {

150

570

r

100

480

1 Merryman's Dissolved Bone........................................- .............

200 150

6Sli
55~

100 '

430

B~hton's Raw Bone Super-Phosphate........................................ /

1!00

608

150

50G

100

898

Without Fertilizer.................. .....................................................................

140

Plat No. 4-Branch bottom ; dark-gray loam, cream-colored clay, mixed with gravel; been in cultivation fifteen years; principally in corn, but sometimes in wheat.

\ .

Sol Test of .Fertilizers.

SI

PLANTED .~PRIL 26TH.

Lbs. of Ferti.li?.er per acre.

--------.---------- ------ -----

200

Yield in Seed Cotton
per acre.
1030

a Mount Vernon Guano......... .....................................:........ {

1!50

960

125

895

Wban~'s Ra~ a

Bone .Super-Phosphate....................:...:..... {

200 150

1110 1001

125

935

~00

1014

a Schaefer's ammoniated Super-Phosph;te ............ ,............. {

150

976

125

904

Without Fertilizer ............ ......................... .......................

56i

200

1081

aStono Soluble Guano......... ......................:........................ {

150

993

125

964 "

. ... { 200
"''"'"'"" ,'"''''""::...:.................- 150

1098 1002

125

890

Merr~mnn's Dlssol~ed Bone. ..........:..................................... {

200 150

1114 1003

.

125
200

Brighton's Raw Bone Super-Bhosphnte ...... ........................... {

150

9115
.. 1040
1003

125

880

Without Fertilizer ........................................ : .............. ......

512

Seasons have been uniformly good, both as to rainfall and temperature, but rust seriously injured the bottoms and gray sandy lands.
Remarks-All of the fertilizers were received in ne; t pack ages, and iwgood order, and p1id well in every test.
Mr. Stallwarth thinks much injury is done fertilized cotton by hoeing too deep without returning the dirt to the cotton promptly. He thinks the fertilizers should be applied deep, and not exposed during the cultivation.
6

82

Soil Test of Fertlzers.

Experiment o.f .WM. H1x, Dz'rt Town, Chattooga County, on Cotton.

Soil-Mulatto, with clay subsoil; been in cultivation 20 years. Original growth, hickory, post, black and red oak.
Previous Treatment-The land has been in cotton for four years in succession ; was manured with commercial fertilizers in 1876. Preparation-The land was well broken, and rows laid off J ~ inches apart; applied the fertilizers in the furrow and bedded the land. The rows were 70 ,yards long.
Fe1tilizers were ap;:>lied at the rate of 100 lbs. per acre, except the compost, which was applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre. Compogted 100 lbs. of Preston & Son's Acid Phosphate with 200 lbs. stable manure and too lbs. cotton seed; mixed well under shelter and let it lie two weeks .
Planting.-'Beds opened April zoth with small plow, seed sown and covered with.iron-toothed harrow.
Cultivated every two weeks with Towers' cotton scrape, after -scrapin g over with an iron-.toothed rake and hoeing to a stand.

Lbs. of

Yield of

Fertill- 1st 2nd Srd Seed

zer picking picking picking Cotton

------------- - - -per -acre - - - - - - - - per acre

Preston & Son's Acid Phosphate................ "100 39.25

30 18.75 173S

stern's Ammoniated Superphosphate...........

100 4)l.25 26.5 16.75 1638

aSoluble Sea Island Guano........................... 100 46.5 19.25 18.25 1639

Soluble Pacific Guano.................................. 100 48.25 18.25 14

1491

Preston & Sons' Acid Phosphate Compost...

200 41.5 12.75 17.5

1397

Without Fertiliz1lr... ....................... .................. 5 10.25 20.75 S09

Seasons-The spring was late, with no rain during May. The -crop started off slowly. After May, there was an abundance of rain, and the seasons favorable in every respect. The fall was fine, and frost one month later than usual.
Remarks:_Fertilizers have paid well all through this section for the season 1877.
' I

.. Sml Test of Ferltlizers.
Experiment of DR. S. C. EDGEWORTH, Fort Valley, Housto1t County, on Cotton.
Soil-Gray, level pine land, with good clay subsoil. Been in cultivation 41 years. Original growth, pine.
Previous Treatment-This land has been alternated for several years in corn and cotton. When in corn, it was manured with 15 or 20 bushels cotton seed per acre; when in cotton, with from
soI to 200 lbs. of Superphosphate.
Prepardtio?Z-" The soil was prepared by laying off rows four feet apart, with a diamond pointed scooter 3;/z inches wide and 15 inches long, followed by a double winged straight steel shovel, six inches wide and x6 inches long; this followed by a subsailer one inch thick and one and a half wid e, with a triangular shaped foot, the whole about 15 inches long, put on a common stock and drawn well into the clay by a heavy mule." :rhe plat contained 24 rows 152 yards long and four feet wide.
Fertilizers were distributed in the fr.rrow made by the three plows at the rate of 250 lbs. per acre. They were covered by runninjl; a furrow on each side with the laying off scooter, then a furrow on each side with a turning plow, and the middles split out with a straight steel shovel 12 inches wide and 14 inches long.
Planti1lg-April 20th, a small furrow was opened in the center of the beds ; the seed, after being rolled in dirt, distributed through a tin tube at the rate of two bushels per acre, and covered with a block drawn over the planting furrow.
Cultivatio1t-May 18th, sided with a 22 -inch sweep, with right wing flat; 26th, chopped with No. 2 hoe, leaving from two to four stalks to the hill, the width of the hoe.
June 1st, ran two furrows to the row with sweep, having the right wing t~rned up. June 6th hoed, reducing the stand to one and two stalks to the hill. June 13th, plowed with 22-inch sweep, two furrows to the row. 20th, hoed. July 2d, ran two .more furrows to the row with sweep. July 23d, plowed again with sweeps and followed with

Soil Test of Fertilzzers.
hoes. August 8th, ran three furrows with sweep, which finished the cultivation.

Lbs. of Yield in

Fertilizer Seed

per acre. Cotton

per acre.
----------------------------~---~------------------

I

aEureka Ammoniated Dissolved Bone ..........................................

200

09

Without Fertilizer...................................... ..........................

641

aCotton Food. ................................ . ...... . .................. .......

200

88!

Without Fertilizer ................ .. ............................ .......................

652

Seasons--Summer hot and dry; early fall, too much rain.
Remarks--Season too dry and warm to develop best effects from fertilizers.

Experiment of WILLIAM H. ELLISON, Slulolt, Talbot Cozmty, on Cotton.

(

Sol--Gray, with red clay subsoil; has been in cu ltiva-

tion forty years. Original growth, oak and hickory.

Previous Treatment--Planted in cotton in 1875; 200 lbs.

of guano applied. In corn, without manure, in 1876. The

Acid Phosphate (Stono) was composted with stable manure

and cotton seed.

Home-made Compost was stable manure, cotton seed,

ashes, hen manure and soil from smoke-ho use, mixed.

Lbs. of Yit:ld in

r

Fertilizer Seed Cotton

per acre. per acre.

St ern's Ammon!ted Superphosphate ... ...... .... .... ...:... .. ... . Watson & Clark's Sllperphoephnte ................................ .... aSchrefer's Ammoniated Supm;phosphate.............................. l:ioluble Pacific Guano ............. ..................... .... ........ .......... .. a Stono Acid Phosphat&--composted ................ .. ........ .........:.. . So'luble Pacific Acid Phosphate ............................................ Home-made Compost ... .................... .. .. .. ....:................ .. ....... Without Fertilizer ............ ...... ................. .............. .........

~00

646

200

610

200

588

200

6:>!

200

591

::I 598 608

~9S

I

Soil Test of Fertt'ltzers.

85

Experiment of DR. P. STOTESBURY, Stockton, Clinch County, on Cotton.
Soil-Sandy; been in cultivation 25 yea,rs. Ori!!inal growth, pine, and small undefgrowth of black-jack and turkey oak. The poorest part of a hundred acre field selected for the experiment.
P1evious Tredtment-It has been well cuHivated fo'r seven years in corn and cotton, principally in corn-in cotton in 1876.
Preparati(Jn-The land was bedded out IstofMarch with six inch half shovel, in rows 3 ~ feet apart and !our acres long. A,bout rs t April opened the water furro ws with six inch shovel and put in the fertilizen , then ran a small bull tongue in the
. furrow to mix the fertilizers with t!Je soil; listed with six inch
' half shovel; April 15th, finished the beds with same plow: F ertiHzers-Patapsco Acid Phosphate was composted by
formula No. 1 in circular 42, and 200 lbs of the compost put into the opening furrow, and roo with the seed. Home made compost consisted of sulphate of iron 30 lbs., muriate of potash 30 lbs., cotton seed 300 lbs. and lot manure 64o lbs., making 1ooo lbs. composted, and covered with turf three inches thick.
Chappell's Champion was applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre in the open ing fu rrow.
Chappell's Cotton King 125 lbs., cotton seed 300 lbs. and lot manure 2ooo lbs. were composted together, making 2425 lbs., and all applied to one acre.
Chappell's Champion 125 lbs., cotton seed 300 lbs. and lot manure 2ooo lbs., were compos ted.
Lot manure 4000 lbs., cotton seed 300 lbs., home made hard soap so lbs. The cotton seed and lot manure were composted under shelter, and the soap made into s~ds and applied to the layers as they we~e made down.
Pla?ltetf about the 15th of April with cotton planter. Cultivation- About the xoth of May chopped out and sid~d close with a small gopher plo .1', and broke out the middles with six inch half shovel. May 22d, hoes started over again, reducing to a stand, followed by small gopher plow and breaking out middles with six inch half shovel. June sth, plowed

86

Sozl Test of Fertzltzers.

in same way; r8th, plowed with winged sweeps. July xsth, plowed again with sweeps, following with hoes.

I
Lbs of ,.lst 2nd 3rd Yield in
Fertll- Jik'g, pk'g pk'g, Seed Cotton
lzer Aug Sep. Oct. per acre.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -per-acre -80-th. -25t-h. -15t-h. 1- - - -

aPatapsco Acid Phosphate Composted ............ 800

4

6

8

4.20

Without Fertilizer........................................

8

175

Lot Manure.................................................... 5000

4

459

WJ.thout Fertilizer.......................................... ............ 4

4

2

270

Sulphate of Iron SOlbs, Muriate of Potash SO,

Cotton Seed 800 and lot manute 640 composted 1000 8 10 5

tl21

Chappell's Champion Guano............................

200 12 14

891

Without Fertilizer..........................................

9 10 5

648

Sulphate of Iron SOlbs., Muriate of Pot.uh SO,

Cotton Seed 800, and stable manure 640.. ...... 1000 18 16 9

1026

............ Without Fertilizer.........................................

6

12 r I

6i6

Chappell's Cotton Klng 125lbs,Cotton Seed 300,

lot manure 2,000, compost~d........................ 24.25 12 20

972

Chappell's Champion' Guano 125 lbs, Cotton

Seed 800 and lot manure 2,000, composted.....

10 15 8

891

Without Fert.i.lizer...................................................

8

459

Lot manure 4,000 lbs, cotton seed 800 lbs and

50 lbs soap dissolved, compo~~ted..................

4350

12

1756

Seasons-Very unfavorable.

&pm1nent of DR. P. STOTESBURY, Stockton, Clz'nclt cou1Zty~ on Com.

Fertilizers-Applied in quantities, indicated in the table, and bedded on . Beds opened, and corn planted in rows five feet wide, three feet in the drill. The corn was plowed the narro: way, across the rows the first .time, and with the rows afterwards.

J

Sot! Test of Fertiltzers.

Lbs. of Bus. of Lbs. When Fertillzer Corn Fodder Matured.
----- - - - - - - - - - - -p-er - - -- - - - acre. per acre per acre - -

aEUwan Guano ................................._...............

200

16 200 Aug. 25

Without Fertillzer .............- ............................................

CbapP.ell's Obamplop. Guano lOOibs, composted

1000

11

140

26

300 u ,,

with 900 lbs lot manure...................................

Without Fertilizer............................................. ...............

13

175 ,, "

Lot Manure 4,000 lbs, Muriate Potash SO lbs,

4080

26 300

Sulphate o! Soda 50 lbs, composted.... ................

Without Fertilize.r................................. ...........................

Chappell's Champion Guano...............................

200

161 200 " "
20 2 8 0 " ' '

&perz'ment of VV, A. DAVIS, Macon, Bt'bb County, on Cotton.

Sot'l. -Gray upland, with fine clay subsoil. ;Has been

in cultivation thirty years. Original growth, long-leaf pine

with black-jack undergrowth.

Prevt'ous Treatment. -The land was in oats in 1876, ma-

nured with cotton seed at the rate of thirty bushels per

acre. Previousl:9' it had been alternately in corn and cot

ton for ten years withont manure.

Preparation.-The land was tboroughly broken. with

Reese's cast plow in the winter, and run off in 3-feet rows at

the time of planting, with a long shovel, and the fertilizers

deposited in the bottom of the furrow.. The land is of

very uniform quality.

\

Fertt'lt'zers were applied middle of April at the rate of

.200lbs. per acre, in shovel furrow, and the land bedded with

a large turning plow.

Plantt'ng.-A ligh.t furrow was opened on the bed, April

25th, the seed sown and covered lightly with harrow.

Culttvation.-May 15th, plowed with Tinley's double-

footed plow, on which a 4-inch scooter runs in front and a

7-inch shovel in rear, plowing out the whole row at two

furrows. Chopped out soon after this plowing with No.

2 Schovil hoe, leaving two stalks to the hill. Subsequent

,

I
88

Soz'l Test of Fertzlt'zers.

plowing done with 22-inch sweep, followed twice with hoes.

I LFebrst.i.olif- pYeriealcdre zer !nSeed
-----------------------------------------1per-a-c-re-C-o-tt-on-.

Without Fertilizer..............................................................................

495

Whann's Raw_Bone Superphosphate................................................ . 200 795

Ober's Ammoniated Superphosphate ..........................:......:................ 200 000,.
a Liebig's Ammoniated Dissolved !:lone............................................... 200 735

a Georgia Fertilizer. .......................................................................... 200 840

Logan's Southern Fertilizing Oorupound.......... .................................... 200 810

aLorentz and Rittler's Acid Phosphate................................................ 200 1,080

EXPERIMENT ON CORN.

T.b . oi Bushels Fe:e~ll- of Corn . per acre per acre
-W-!t.h--o-ut-F-e-r-tU-l_ze_r -".-.4.-.-..-..-...--..-..-..-. -...-..-...~..-..-...-..-..-...-..-...~:..-.-..-..- .-..-.-..-...-... ~----6-

Ol~er's Ammoniated Superphosphate . ...................... .........:...........

200

8

Compost of Cott9n Seed, Stable Manure and Salt ................................ 400 9

Compost of Cotton Seed, Hou~e Dust and Ashes.......................... ........

41)()

9.5

S easons were unfavorable-almost a continuous drouth

from May 1st to July 15th. Hence not much more than a

third of a crop of ~;:orn was made. The showers commenced

in time to make two-thirds of a crop of cotton. This has

been the worst season on corn in this section in fifteen

t

years.

Remarks. -Mr. Davis says: '' In my immediate section, corn was scarcely benefitted by the use of fertilizers, while the res.ults on cotton were more satisfactory. My experience is, that 125 lbs. per acre of any standard fertilizer is the proper quantity to use per acre. With good seasons on rich land, larger quantities could be safely used. The most stupid farmer notices the improvement in fertilizers for the last few years, but many do not know the cause.

Soil Test of Fertilz'zers.

E%perimmt of W. H. SEARCY, HO'Ward, Taylor Coutzty, o1z



Cotton.

Soz'l--Sandy, with ~ed clay subsoil ; been in cultivation

four years. Original growth, oak and hickory. No fertil-

izers except barn yard manure ever used on the plat.

Preparation-The land was broken with a Dixie turning-

plow, and bedded in the usual way. Plat arranged as di-

rected in special circular No. 32.

Platzted April 20th, with Dow Law planter, and, culti-

vated with shovel and scraper.

Lbs. of lsl Zd Yield in Fpeerrtialcirzee.r p'k'g p'k'g SeedtonCot
--------=------------ - - - - - - - - - - per acre.

aSun Guano_ ................................... ........................

200 87 20

997

Without Fertlllzer......... .......................................... ............... 17 8

487

aLeyden's Ammoniated Soluble Guano ... ..................

200 37 19

980

a:::::~e::::ll:::~~~~~ ~~;:~;:;~~~~~~~~:::::::, .........~ :: 29:11 1::

Without Fertilizer........ ...........~ .... :" ::.: ---'20..:.0'-----'-'--=507

Seasons-There was plenty of rain up to July 1st, with prospect of heavy yield. After that date, it was extremely dry for five weeks.

Expetiment of H. C. SPINKS, Buma Vista, Manon County,

,\

on Cottotz.

Soil-Sandy loal"!l, with yellow clay sub oil, gradually chang-

ing to a stiff red clay at the depth of two fee t; has been in cul-

tivation six years. Original growth, pine, with black jack un-

dergrowth.

Previous Treatment-The plat \\as in cotton in 1B74 in corn

in 187S, manured with ten bushels of cotton seed per acre;

yielded twenty bushels r.orn per acre. It was in w'leat in 1876,

without manure; made seven bushels per acre.

Preparation-The land was bedded in January with Brinley

turning plow, a heavy crop of grass turned into the beds; rows

Soz'l Test of Ferlt'lt'zers.
four feet apart. April 2d, a shovel furrow was run between the ' beds, the fertilizer.> deposited in this furrow, and the beds which were made in January reversed with a common turning plow.
Planting-April 27th, the beds were opened with a common scooter, the seed sown and covered with a harrow. May 2d, scraped off the beds with a board, in order to get a uniform star.d, and to destroy a coat of grass.
Cultivatio1z-May 12th, plowed out the rows deep and close with long scooters. May 18th, chopped to a stand. Owing to the fact that there was no rain from the 4th of May until June 12th, the cotton was not plowed the second time till June :toth. The second plowing was done w~th small sweep. Subsequent plowings were done wit.h large sweeps.

Lbs. ol

Yield in

lertllJ. 1st 2nd 3rd Seed

zer p 'k'g. p'k'g pk'g. Cotton

\

- - - - - - - per acre - - -

- - per acre

a Dickson's Compound .............................

200 11.5 10.5 1

1196

a Calvert Guano.........................................

200 9.75 9.25 1.6

1046

Acid Phosphate.........................................

200 8

11 1.25

1053

. Manlpulated Guano, Wilco" & Gibbs.........

200 10.5

10.5 1

1144

l patspsco Guano Co's Soluble Phosphate......
soluble Pacific Guano................................

200 200

10

10 1.12

10.2:1 10.12 1

1098 1101

wlthout Fertilizer........; """ ...................... ...... s

I 8 2

676

Busey's Excelsior not received.
. Mr. Spink's weighed and distributed the fertilizers, and
picked and weighed. the cotton with his own hands.
Seasons-Until planting time, the seasons were about as favor. able as usuaL The rains ceased May 4th, after which there
I
was no more until June 12th, but this drouth injured cotton very little. From the 12th to the last of June there were fine rains. Cotton suffered severely from dry, hot weather in July and August. " It looked at one time like it was ruined,'' but an average crop was made in the immediate neighborhood.

Soil Test of Fertilz'zers.
Experimmt oj E. C. GRIER, Griswoldvlle, jones County, o1z Cotton.
Soil- Sandy loam ; would make 400 lbs. seed cotton per acre without manure. Been in cultiva.tion nine years. Original growth, pine, with black jack and post oak undergrowth.
Previous Treatmmt-The land has been alternated in corn and cotton; always fertilized with Superphosphate or Lpgan Compost when in cotton. The last two years that it was m corn it was m:lDured with ten bushels cotlon seed per acre. It was in corn in 1876.
Prepqration-March 25th furrows were opened forty inches apart and seventy yards long, fertilizers applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre and the land bedded. The plowing was done very deeply.
Planting-April 22d the seed were rolled in Soluble Pacific Guano and planted.
Cultivation-May 1oth, chopped out ; May 14th, plowed with sweep; 2oth, hoed; 3oth, plowed again with sweep. June 14th. and 29th, plowed with sweep, and again July 15th, which finished the cultivation.

Lbs. of 1st 2nd

Yield in.

Fertllizer

~k'g ept

lbkc'tg.

Sd pk'g

Seed Cotton

- - - - - - - - per acre 9th. 20th

per ncr&
--

aChappell's Chnroplon ............................................ 200 261 282 28 616

aBrlgbton RnwBone Superphosphate....................... 200 272 212 42 626

\

Mr. Grier says: We had not a good shower of rain after

June lOth until September nth, and I am surprised that I

made any cotton. I think the deep plowing when the

land was bedded, was the cause of any cotton being made.

Experiment of WILLIAM STUDSTILL, Temperatzce, Telfair County, o1z Cottotz.
Soil-Gray sandy; been in cultivation fifteen years ; had been planted in cotton for five or six years; land well adapted to the growth of cotton.

Sot'l Test of Fertilt'zers.

Pteviotes Treatmmt-The cotton was manured with a lit

tle lot manure, applied in the drill six or cigl:t inches deep,

in 1874 and 1875. The same land was used as an experi-

mental plat in 1876, and yielded from 1000 to 1250 lbs.

of seed cotton per acre, notwithstanding there was a drought

from July lOth the balance of the season. The cotton,

however, had grown off so rapidly before the droughts

commenced, that a good crop was made.

P1'eparaton-The plat used in 1876 was used again in

1877, leaving the same rows unfertilized that received none

in 1876. About the first of April the old cottoh rows

were opened with a large 5-inch scooter, running about six

inches deep. and the land

In this furrow the fertilizers bedded with a turning-plow.

were

deposited,

Planting. - April 16th opened the bed.<> with a small bull-

tongue, sowed the seed, one and a-half bushels per acre,

and covered with a board. A good stand was up May 1st.

Cultivation-May 15th, plowed with sweep; 18th, chop-

ped nearly to stand. May 29th, plowed with solid sweep

and hoed to stand. June 17th, plowed with sweep. July

12th, plowed again with sweep and laid by with hoes.

}~'i:tft.. [ lst 12d ISd Yi:~r

I_ izer pk'g pk'g pk'g cotton

--------peracre ___

per~~

_W_it_h_o_ut__F-er-Ullze--r..-...-.. ...-........................................

1.5 1 14

.75 218.75

E. Frank Coe's Ammoniated Bone l::iuperphosphate.

200 6 2.5 1.5 S 5

aBrlghton Raw-B.meSuperphosphato.................. ...... 200' 6.5 2.75 1

358.76

aRhode's Ammoniated S~perphophate ... ...............

200 5.71> 2

3ll.25

Cotton Comp'd Am'd Dissolved Bone Phosphnte...... 200 6

2

385

aSnowden's Soluble Phosphate . ...........................

2001 6.5 2 2

867.6

Furrow filled with Stable Manure after applying 200

lbs. of Commercial FerUilzcr .......................... 200 7 1.5 5

315

Seas01zs-"Favorable to June 24th. No more rain to do much good until 12th of October, and the prospect of making anything was almost hopeless. Vegetation looked like it would die, and some did di~."

'

Sozl Test oj Ferttltzers.

93

Remarks-All the fertilizers,used did well until the commencement of the drought. l!.xpmment of J. B. JONEs, Herndon, Burke County, on Cotton.

Soil, light gray, with clay subsoil, very thin. Been in

l

cultivation about sixty years. Original growth, principally pine.

Previous Treatment.-The plat has been planted in cot-

ton consecutively for ten or twelve years, and not fertilized

every year, but in 1876 had about 75 lbs. of Soluble Pacific

Guano applied per acre,

Prepcwaton, etc.-The plat was subdivided into alternate

plats of one acre, and one-fourth acre, the acre b('!ing fertil-

ized and the one-fourth acre unfertilized,

April x6th the land was run off with a six inch shovel three

feet three inche;; wide; the fertilizers applied and partially bed-

ded on in the usual r;ay; the eart!1 then very dry. The beds

were completed May 8th, by splitting the middles with an eight

incb shovel. Plantin~r done in the usual way, May 8th, (Hurlong variety.)

Cultivation-.T11ne 18th the cotton was chopped out, an d sided

with sweep on the 21st. July roth it was hoed second time;

July 27th, sided second time with sweep, and July 3oth one fur-

row was run in the middles with s1yeep. August 12th, cotton

hoed third ~ime and laid by.

Lbs. of Yield In Fertili Seed
zer Cotton per acre per acre
- ----------------------

a Cotton Comp'd Ammouiated Dissolved Bone (I acre) ........................

200 544

Without Fertilizer CX acre) ........................................ ........................ .. ............

100

a Chesapeake Guano (1 ucre) ............... ...................................... ......... 200 564

without Fertilizer ( ~ acre)................................................................ ..... ......

85

a Cumberland Bone Co.'s Superphosphate (1 acre) ............................... 200 620

Without Fertilizer (~ acre)-..................... .......................................... ............ 95.5

a Strong's Amruonlnled Dissolved Bone. (l acre) ................................. 200 641

Wit.Iiout Fertilizer(~ acre) .................. ...... ....................................... _

98

Peruvian Guano, Rectified, Lobos Island {1 acre)............................ -

200

7.7.0.

Without Fertilizer (X acre).... ..............................................,.........

100



94

Sot'l Test of Ferttltzers.

Seasons-May 28th, light rain. Rain June 1oth, nth, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th and 18th. July 2d, very heavy rain . Rain July rrth, 12th, rsth, 21St, 22d, 23d, 24th and 27th, and August 3d, 4th an~ 6th ; on 12th, heavy rain. Mr. Jones says: "The most noticeable fact in connection with this test is, that the ~easons throughout were ex treme-very dry at planting time, and for some tim e after, and then unusually wet. Experience in cotton planting teaches that cotton eschews excessive rains, as most of the cereals do too much sun. The result was as was to be expected-an unusual prevalence of rust, or blight, over the entire cotton crop.

Expert'mmt of WM. F. MATTHEWS, Wt'ntervt"lle, Clarke

County, on Corn.

Soil~Of the upland is gray; has been in cultivation sixteen

years; original growth, oak and hickory. That of the low-

grounds, dark creek bottom ; been in cultivation about the

same length of time; growth, usual to bottom land. No fertil-

(

ever applied to the land previous to r877. Preparation.-The land was thoroughly broken with square-

pointed ripper as deep as a strong horse could pull it; the

rows seventy yards long, and four feet wide. Fertilizers-Were applied in a deep shovel furrow, at the rate

of 2oo lbs. per acre. This was done .March 3oth, corn planted

same day in the same furrow, and covered with two coulter

furrows, one on each side. Cultivation-The 1st of May the corn was sided with coulter,

and the middles plowed out deep with square-pointed ripper;

after fifteen days, plowerl out again with same plow as deep as

a strong horse could pull it. It received after that two light

sweepings, just enough to break the crust.

Sot'l Test of Fertlzers.

95

UPLAND.

Lbs. of Bus. of Lbs. of When Fertilizer Corn Fodder Jt[atured.

- - - - -- - - - - ----t--pe_r_a_er_e. per nero. ..p.;._er__e_re_._ _ _ __
1

aFarmer's Fertilizing Compound..... ..........

200 82

893.2~ FO<Ider

Without Fertilizer.................................... ............... 26

682.5 Aug. 20th

a Cotton Food ................................ y.. ......

200 30.20 880

Wihout FerWizer..................................................... 26

6S2

Corn

{~Wot..on & Clark's Super-Phosrhate...... ...

200 31.25 '7115 Nov. 8th.

Without F ertilizer ........................ ........................... 26

624

BO'M'OM LAND.

aFnrmer's Fertilizing Compouud

200 87

1627 .5

Without Fertilizer................................................... 69

1ll00

aGotton F ood.... .........................................

200 88.5 1820

Without Fertilizer................ ................. .............. 69

1352

aW atson & Clark's SuperPhosphate.........

200 87

1675

Without Fertlllzer....... ..............................

69

1315

Remarks.-"The fertilizers have not given general satisfaction this year. I attribute the failure to the unprecedented drouth, and too shallow cultivation" of the land. The use of fertilizets, if properly applied, is, in ruy judgment, decidedly beneficial to all of our field crops."

&pen1nent of J. L . DoziER, Talbottotz, Talbot County, o1z
Cotton.

)

Soil-Dark mulatto, with stiff red clay subsoil; been in cultivation 25 years. Original growth, oak and hickory.

P1'evious Treatmmt-The plat was in cotton in 1875, manured

with 1oo lbs. Pacific Guano per acre. It was in corn in 1876,

without manure.

PreparJtion- " T he lan d was broken up and tur ned under

close with Watt plow in J a nuary, and c ross plowed with long

diamond pointed scoot er in .March . L aid off rows with 12 inch

shovel, three feet apart, 15th April, put do wn fertilizer and bed-

ded out with Watt plow."

Commenced planting cotton April 15th, with Dow L aw plan~t er, and finished May 2d. The cotton seed were rolled in a

Soil Test of Fertilizers.
mixture of ashes, three bbls., and Georgia State Grange Fertilizer, 300 lbs.
Cultivation-;May roth, barrer;I off with turning plow; May 29th, sided second time with very short shovt:l and scrape; repeated this June 25th, and again July 13th. August 3d, sided fifth time, using long scrape and short shovel, laying it by, and leaving the ridge as flat as possible. The cotton was hoed tWICe.

Lbs. of

Y ield

Ferlili- 1st 2tl 3d 4th in Seed zer per p'k'g. p'k'g. p'kg. p' k'g. Cotlon

- - - ncre.
---

-



-

-

-

-

-

-

per

acre

. Georgia State G1aoge Fertilizer....................

200 132 ~00 234 63

629

Without Fertilizer............................. .......... ............ 98 156 137 5i

1HS

a Peruvian Guano ....... .................. ...............

2CO 147 32.> 244 42

758

Without Fertilizer......... ............................. . 101 163 151 49 464

Ga. Stnte Grange Fer. Com. with 8. Manure

300 122 257 226 28

632

a Rec'd P eruvian Guano with S. Manure......

300 113 273 231 51

668

Without Fertilizer....................................... ........... 89 147 147 74

457

a Eureka Ammoniated Dissolved Boue.........

200 123 238 222 33

616

Without Fertilizer.......................................
a Enreka Am'd Dis. Bone Oum'd wilh Stable

83 H2 117 56

398

Manure ....................................................

300 119 201 176 148

644

W ithout Fertilizer...... .. ............................... ............ 76 137 144 43 400

Le_yden's Ammoniated Super-Phos...............

200 138 221 219 37

610

Without Fertilizer...................................... ............ 82 HI 11l 45 379

Leyden's Am'd Super-phos. Com'd with S.

:M:unure............ ............ ...........................

800 97 198 231 67

593

............ Without Fertilizer................., .....................

88 153 124 70 485

Charleston Soluble Phosphnte......................

200 no 192 212 59

573

(

Without Fertilizer...................................... ............ 91 161 142 38 432

Char le>ton Soluble Phosphate Com'd with

Stnble Munure........................... .... .. .......

300 121 242 202 41

606

Wilbout Fertilizer................................... .... .......... 99 155 llS Gl

483

Seasons-'' The excessively dry weather in August injured crops so in this section, that no true test could be made of any kind of fertilizer or compost."



'

Soil Test of Festz'k'zers.

97

Experiment of J. B. MuRRAY, Garden Valley, Macon Co., on

Cotton.

Sot'l-Sandy upland, with light clay subsoil-has been in

cultivation 30 years. Original growth principally pine, with

some oak.

\

Previous Treatment-In 1871 the plat was in corn, man-

'

ured with cotton seed, in 1872 in cotton, manured with sta-

ble and lot manure. In wheat in 1873 without fertilizer.

In oats in 1874; in wheat in 1875, manured with ten bush-

els cotton seed per acre. In 1876 in oats, without fertil-

izer. It would be considered old, wornout land.

Preparation-It was broken" broad cast" in January, with

turning plow. March 15th, laid off rows three feet apart and

bedded it out with turning plow, except one small ridge.

April 2rst, opened the ridge between the beds, applied the fer..

tilizers at the rate of :zoo lbs. per acre, and reversed the beds

upon the fertilizers. The rows were 35 yards long-plat ar-

ranged as directed in Special Circular No. 32.

. Planted April 21st with Dow Law cotton planter. Owing

to the beds being fresh and light the cotton did not come up

until in May. Cultivation.-May 23d, barred off with double plow having

scooters on it. Chopped May 28th, then cultivated with

sweeps, and R. J. Redding's heel scrapes. Plowed and hoed

it regularly until August rst.

~be.o.r 1st

Znd 3rd Yl~ld In

~erl.ili picking picking picking Seed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - pezrearcre

t>. ep. 2D .

0 ct

11

.N 0

v
'

18t

pCeor tat ocrne

Leyden's Amm oniated Soluble Guano......... 200 ~

............ Without Fertilizer.......................................

.5

4 1.76 1

700 227.5

Whann's Raw Bone Superphosphate............ 200 6

3.3

.6 700

.........._ Without Fertilizer.......................................

1

3

.5 315

Manipulated Gnano, Wilcox & Gibbs...... ....

200 7.25 4

............ Wtthout Fertilizer...................................

1.~

8.5

.5 822 .5 385

Homestead Superphoaphate........................

200 6.5

II

Without Fertilizer...............- ...............,.,_

1.75

Merryman's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone....

200 6.5

8

.5 840 .25 420 .5 700

Without F ertilizer............... ...... ...... ........................

2.6

a

.5 420

Soil Test of Fertilzers.

The results on the unfertilized rows show that the Home-

stead Superphosphate and Merryman's Ammoniated Dis-

solved Bones were on rather better soil than the other fer-

tilizers.

Seasons were unfavorable for the use of guano on c0t-

.\

ton. The continued drought through August and Septem-

1

her not only kept cotton from growing, but caused it to

parch and shed its fruit.

Experiment of]. M. HuiE, Jonesboro, Oayton County, on Cotto11:,.

Soil-Plats No. 1, .2 and 3 were old and badly worn mu -

latto land, with stiff clay subsoil; had not been manured

for several years; was in oats in 1876.

Plats No. 4, 5, 6 and 7 were all on good gray land, with

a sandy clay subsoil; had for several years been manured

with different fertilizers; was in wheat in 1876.

Preparation-The land was all broken in February or

March, and in April was laid offin rows three feet apart,

and the guano scattered in the furrow as evenly as possible

and bedded on with turning shovel.

The cotton was planted April 20th, and cultivated in the

usual way.

Seasons-Were very unfavorable for good results from the

use of fertilizers. The tests were all conducted as nearly as

possible accordiQg to directions in special circular No. 32,

except that in some cases only two rows were used in the subdivisions instead .of four.

(

The composts were two-thirds stable mar,ure and cotton

seed, and one-third phosphate.

So1 Test of Fertlz'zers.

99

PLAT No, 1-ROWS 35 YARDS LONG,

Lbs . of lertlli- I t
zer p'k'g per acre

Yield ! 2nd Seed pk'g. Cotton
(Jeracre

a Fanners' Fertilizing Compound Composted ............... 280 1.5 8.75 867.5

Without Fertilizer........................... ........................... ............ 1.5 2.25 230

Stable Manure............ ................................................ 280

1.5 175

Without Fertiliser............ .......................................... ............ .5

2

175

Georgia Fertilizer..............:............ ............................ 210 4. 75 4.5 647.5

Wlthont Fertilizer...................................................... ............ 1.5 2 215

a Bradley's Ammoniated DiESOI ved Bone .................. ... 210 4.25 M 6825

Without Fertilizer......................... .......................................

2

210

a Sibley's IXL Ammoniated Super-Phosphate ............. 21 0 3.78 55 641.5

Without Fertilizer........ .............................................. ............ .5

175 157.5

a Blue Bone Super-Pho~l?hatc ........................... .......... .

210 5

4.5 685

Without Fertilizer.................................... .............................

2

210

Geor~~;la State Grange Fortilizer Composted.. ............... . 210 8.76 4.5 57i.6

Without Fertilizer............................................. ......... ............ 1.25 2.25 245

Stable :Manure.................... ......................... ......... ...... 490 2.75 8.75 ; 5

PLAT No , 2--ROWS 70 YARDS LoNG.

Georgia Fertilizer............ ........................................... 210 8.75 6.25 850

Without Fertilizer...................................................... ...... ...... 1.5

a Bradley's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone...... ..... ...... ...

210 8.5

2.75 1(8.75

s

402.5

Without Fertilizer...:.............................................................. 2

3.5 192.6

a Sibley's !XL Super-Phosphate.................................. 210 G.5 7.5 463.i%1

Without Eertllizer.................................................................. 2

3.75 201.!5

o Blue Bone Super-Phosphate..................................... 210 7

6.7o 48!.21

Without Fertilizer................................................................. . 2

2.~ 157.11

Farmers' Fertilizi ng Compound Composted................. 210 6.25 6.75 455

PLAT No. S-Rows 70 YARDS LoKG.

Georgia Fertilizer...................................... ..................

21 0 4.5 7

~02.5

Without Fertilizer.................................................................. 2

2.5 157.5

a Brad ley's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone..................... 210 Without F~rtllizer.................................................................. a ibley's IXL Super-Phosphate........................ ......... 210

8.25 ; 9.25

8

8.25

10

.25

612 .5 21 8.71 638 . 75

Without Ferti.IUer..................... ...... .................. ...... ......... ...... 2

8.25 18&15

a Blne Bone Super-Phosphate..... ............. ............ ......

210 10,5 8

Wilhout Fertilizer.................................................................. s

5

Georgia stat! Grango F ertilizer composted................ . 210 10

6

647.5 280

100

Soil Test oj FertHzer.1.

Lbs. of

Yield In

PLAT No. 4-ROWS 70 YARDS LONG.

},'ertill- lst 2d

Seed

zer pk'g. pk'g. Cotton

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - per acre - - - --p-er a-c-re-.

Georgia Slate Grange Fertilizer Compoated............. .. 210 98 13.5 1452.-ll-

Without Fertilizer............................................................. 18 14

1120

a Bradle;J's Ammonla1ed Dissolved Bone.................. 210 80 12 .5 1487.5

Without Ferltllzer............................................................ . 17 18

1050

a lbley's I.X.L. Super-Phosphate.. ...........................

210 88

Without FertUizer.............................................. ... ............ 20

lUi 1653.1&

12

1120

Blue Bone Super-Phophate..............................- . 210 35 Ill

1760

Without Fertilizer......- ...................................................... 18 10.5 997 .&

e> Farmer's Fertilizing Compound Com posted............ 210 26 10

1260

PLAT No. 6-Rows 86 YABDS LON&. a Farmer's Fertilizing Compound Compo&ted.... .......

210 8.25 2. 75 770

Wilhout Ferltltzer....................................................... . ...... 5

2

4~

a Sibley' I X.L; Super-Phosphate............................. 210 11

2

910

Without FertUlzer ............................................................... 4.5 2.6 4~

a Bradley' Ammonlated Dlssl'd Bone.................... .. 210 8

2'.5

735

Without Fertillzer.....................................................,......... 4

ll

420

a Blue Bone Super-Phospbat'l................................... 210 11.25 2.5 962 .5

PLAT NO.6-ROWS 35 YARDS LoNG.
a Farmer'sFerltlizing Compound Compooted............

210 11.2:1 8.5 1032.&

Without Ferltllzer.................................................... ............ II

8

560

a Sibley' I.X.L. Super-Phosphate. ............. .........

210 19

8.25 927.5

Without Fertlllzer................................................... .......... 5

3

560

a Brad!ey't Ammoniated Dl.osl'd Bone..................... 210 11

8. 25 997.5

Without Fertilizer................................................... ............ 6

4

700

{

a Blue Bone Super-Phosphate... ................................. 210 11

8.25 997 .5

PLAT No. 7-Rows 70 YARDS LoNe.

aBlue Bone Super-Phosphate.................................... 140 14

6

1400

aBluo Bone Super-Phatphate........................... ........ 210 16

8.5 1365

aBlue Boue Super-Phosphate..................................... 280 15

8.5 1295



Experiment oj REUBEN JoNES, Newton, Baker County, on

..

Cotton .

Plat No. 1-Soi/-Common sandy upland, with clay subsoil t

'



So! Test of Fertilizers.

IOI

has been in cultivation only two years; 1875 and 1876 in corn,

without manure ; made 20 bushels per acre.

The cotton was planted April 1oth; cultivated entirely with

..

sweep and hoe. The experiment was conducted according to instructions given ' n special circular No. 32.

Lbs. of Yield In

Fer till Seed

- - - - - - perarcre

Cotto n per acre.

Wltbout Fertilizer.............................................- ........................

1050

Equal parts Stable Manure and Colton Seed .................................

420

1068

-aMathis' Chemical Compo'd composted wl th Stable Manure and L

l Cotton Seed-% of the foTmer to 56 or latter combined . .........

400

1200

. Sardy's Phospho-Peruvian Guano................................................. PLAT Jro. 2 Same character of land as No. 1, bot been In cultivation 80 years,

200

1190

with litUe Teat or fertilizing. In cotton In 1875, and oats in

1876. No Fertili&er Utl(:d either :rear. Planting, cultivation

' and seaaons same as in No. l.

Without Fertilizer............................................................... ........ ...............

455

Equal parta or Cotton Seed and Stable Manure....-..................... 30 bus.

660

-aMathis' Chemical Compound compooted as in No. !.....................

400

525

Sardy's Phospho-Pentvlan Guano................... . .. ........................

200

720

Seasons-No rain from June 15th to 1st July. Light show' ers latter part of July. From August 1oth to 2oth, too wet. From August 2oth to September 2oth, no rain, and very warm.

Experiment ofW. R. GORhfAN, Geneva, Talbot County, on Cotton.
Soil-Mulatto, with clay subs0il; has been in cul tivation 30 year~; has been well cared for, and is of fair quality for this section.
Previous Treatment-It was in cotton in 1874, in .corn m 1875 and wheat in 1876.
Prepared thorou~hly with turning plow. iPlat arranged as <directed in special circular No. 32.
Planted April 28th; plowed lightly three times with shovel a.nd scrape, and once with winged swee,p.



102

Soil Test of Fertlzi'zers.

Lbs. of Yield in Fertil- eed
izer Cotton
----------------------------------------1per acre per acre

aN. Haven Chemical 0o's. Am'd Super-Phosphate........................... 200

793

aE. Frank Coe's Am'd Bone Super-Phosphate............................ 200

761

aAbaco Guano................................................................ ............... 200

69-7

Georgia State Grange Fertilizer ........ ...... ............a ........................ 200

786

Without Fertllizer...................................................... ..................... ............

535

Seasons-Were irregular; too much rain from June 15th, to July 25th, and very little during the balance of the season.

Experiment of C. B. MARSHALL, Reptolds, Taylor Co., on

Cottrm.

Soil-Gray sandy-been in cultivation 10 years-pine

upland.

Previous Treatmmt-It has been planted alternately in

i

corn and cotton-never manured before 1877.

Preparation-The land was broken flush with turning

plow, laid off in checks three feet each way, the com -

post put in the checks latter part of March, and covering

lightly with earth.

Fertilz'zati01i--Navassa Acid Phosphate was composted,

160 lbs. of phosphate with same weight each of stable man-

ure and cotton seed. The compost remained in bulk three

weeks before using.

Plantng---April 18th the cotton seed were dropped in

hills above the compost, and covered lightly with earth-

good stand up April 27th.

Cultivatz'rm-May 8th sided with small scooter, and broke

out the middles with sweeps.

Plowed out well June 5th, July 2nd, and July 23rd, w.ith

shovel and scraper.

Sol Test of Fertilt"zers.

Lbs. ol Yi eld In

IFertil-

eed

izer Cotton

per ac re. per acre.

aNavassa Acid Phosphate Compost.. ....... .................... ..... .......... \

200

825

W ithout Fertilizer............................... ............................................. ......

411

\ .

Seasons-Unfavorable--dry and hot in summer--too wet

in the fall for g athering the crop in good condi tion.

Expm1nent ofT. H. KIMBROUGH , Cataula, R ant's county, on Cotton.
Soil.-Gray; been in cultivation eight years.

Cost of Yield in
I Lbs. of Ferlil Seed
Fe.rLtlizer ize>r C.nton
- - - - per acre. per acre per acre
-~-------------..,--- :---

Soluble P acific Acid Phosphate...... .. ................ . ... ............

150 $3.00 450

With ou t Fertilizer...... ...... ............................................................. ...... ....:. 800

Ge<>rgia State Grange. Fertilizer ............ ............ .........~ ........

150 4.00

WIthout Fertilizer. :..... ...... ...... ..... ...... ..................... ......... ...... ......... ...... ...... 290

<!Soluble Sea I sland Guano............... ........................... ......

150 4.50

87~

Without Fertillzer.......... .................................................. ...... .... ... ............ 275

------------------------------- aMathis Ohem. Com. Composted with cotton eed ......... ...

225 8.50

Si5

Seasons.~Most unfavorable experienced for several years.

Excessive drouth seriously injured the crop.

Expenment of 0. J. MAsSE!!:, Marslzallv/le, Mac01t County,
on Cotton.

PLAT No. r.-Soi/.-Stiff red land; planted in corn in 1876. P/anted.--Cluster cotton April 12th. S easo?Zs--So dry in August .that no la te crop was made.

Lbs. of 1st 2d Sd 4th Yield in FerUiizer pk'g pk'g. pk'g. pk'g Seed
~----: ~: --6 --:1- : per acre. Aug. Aug. i;ept. Oct. Cotton 20th . 31St 12th . 16th. J'('r acre
aO ber's Am'd Dis. Bono Phosphate.........: ....... Without Fertilizer................................ ......... ............... 2 6 5 7 870

.

104

Soil Test of Fertilizers.

PLAT No. 2.-Soil.-Sandy; was cultivated in sweet potatoes in 1876.

Lbs. of fertUI-'
zer

1st 2d

pk'g.
An~t.

~~e~pgl.

pk3'dg. 1t4' tgb Sept. pL

~th
pk'g. Oct.

Yield In Seed Cot-
ton

per acre 2l.ld. 1st 18th . 27th. 16th. per ncre.
----~--- -

)

aSardy's Acid Phos. (notcomposted ...... 200 4
! Without. Fertilizer................................ ............ 2

7
61

9 9

J4 7 9

578 ' 555

bpetment of M. A. McNuLTY, Cuthbert, Randolph Cou1zty, on Cotton.

Soil-Gray, wlth clay subsoil; cleared and in cultivation for several years without ever having been manured. The plat was arranged as directed in special circular ~o. 32.
The cotton was brought to a stand May 18th, and plowed with sweep on the 22d. The stand was good at first, but owing to the long d~outh from May 4th to June 14th, much of the cotton died, especially that fertilized with Stern's Ammoniated Superphosphate. The stand was good on the rows not fertilized.

FLebrs t

iollf

IYielrt i <eed

n

zer Cotton

per acre per acre

Pendleton's Ammoniated Biphosphste................................................ 200 408

a Pendleton's Ammoniated Super,Phosphate .....................................

200

28.~

a E. Frank Coe's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone.................................. 200 814

Georgia State Grange Dissolved Bone.:......................... . ............... ... 200 804

Stern's Ammoniated Superphosphate .................................................

20

196

Wi thont Fertilizer..................................................... ..................... .. ........... 801

Mr. McNulty remarks: "In justice to all concerned, I will add that we had but one rain from May 4th to September 14th."

Experiment of CHAS. DEcKNER, Atlanta, Fulton County, on Com.
Soilr-Red loamy hill side ; been cleared two years; original growth, oak and hickory.

.

Soil Test of Ferlilize1s.

105

It was cultivated in sweet potatoes in 1876. P reparation-It was brolten early in the spring with a heavy turning pl1w. Owing to the wet spring, was not planted till late in April. Rows four feet apart. It was plowed three time~, at proper intervals, with !>cooter plows, and hoed twice. The seasons during May, and at the time of tasseling, was so dry that not more than half a crop was made.

LFbst. er

1.01.1-

Bus. of Corn

Lbs. of Fodder

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

pe;~~re
-1- -

- - per acre

- - per acre

Without Fertilizer- ......................................

8.6 820

a Eureka Ammonlaied Dissolved Bone ................................

200 12.8

410

Without Fertilizer ...........................................................................

8.8

820

o Grange Mlxture.................................................................. 200 12.9 890

Without F ertilizer ... ........................................................ .............

7.5

810

aBnldwl n's Acid Phosphate, composted ...... ............................ 200 18.8 400

Ezpen1nmt of GEo. W. JoRDAN, Longstreet, .Pulask County, on Cotton.
Soil-Thin, cold gray land, with yellow subsoil; has been cleared 24 years.
Previous Tredtment-It has been cultivated for the last three years in corn, and manured each year with cotton seed or lot manure.
PreparatiM-The land was broken deep with thirteen inch scooter April 2d. April 3oth, rows were laid off with scooter, followed by shovel plow; fertilizers distributed and land bed ded with long shovds. .Rows seventy yards long.
Planti1zg-May 1st the seed were rolled in compost and planted; a good stand up in 10 days.
Cultivated in the usual way, keeping the crop clean. Co11posts-Etiwan Dissolved Bone, Baldwin's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone and Eagle Ammoniated Dissolved Bone were all composted under shelter-the first two on the 12th and the last on the 22d of March-in the proportion of 250 lbs. eacq of cotton seed and stable manure to 16o lbs. of phosphate.
li

106

Soil Test of Fertilizen.

Prepared according to formula No. 1, of circular No. 42, the heaps standing until April 30th.

Lbs. of Yield of Fertili- Seed
zer Cotton per acre per ncre

aEliwan Dissolved Bone-29 per cent Composted...................... ......... 200 673 Witbout Fertilizer ............................................................... ........... ............ 411 oBaldwin's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone-Composted................... . .. . 200 770 oEagle Ammoniated Dissolved Brme-Composted............................... 200 822.5
Seasons fair until August lOth, when intense heat and drought set in, and cauc;ed the fruit to shed from the fertilized rows, even to the half-grown bolls. Hardly a boll was made that bloomed after July.

Expen1nmt of B. N. SEAGO, Augusta, Riclunotzd County, on Cotton.

Soil-Sandy, :with clay subsoil; has been in cultivation

about 40 years. Original growth, oak, with some pine.

Previous Treatment-It was planted in corn in 1875, with

about 100 lbs. of guano per acre; in oats in 1876, manured

with 20 bushels cotton seed per acre.

Preparation-The land was broken in February with

two-horse Brinley turning plow. Plat arranged as directed;

rows 35 yards long and four feet apart.

Fertilizers were applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre.

For compost, one-third of the phosphate was mixed with

two-thirds cotton seed. The cotton seed were thoroughly

I

wet and rolled in the acid, placed in a box, and allowed to

remain three weeks before using. April 5th, furrows were

opened with two-horse shovel plow, the fertiliz ers applied,

and a small plow run in the furrow to inix the fertilizers

with the soil; listed with 6-inch shovel, and left until April

17th, when the beds were finished with the same plow, and

the cotton planted.

Ou.ltt'vation.-May 12th, barred and chopped to stand,

leaving one and sometimes two stalks to the hill, twelve to

Soil Test of Fertilz''zers.

107

fifteen inches apart. May 18th, sided with sweep; 31st, plowed out the middle; June 2nd, hoed ; 20th, plowed with sweep; July 9th, hoed; 25th, plowed last time with sweep.

Lbs,. of
fe~~~-

1st picking.

~ic2lddng.

3rd picking

41h picking

Yi!'ld In =n

per acre ep. 6. iilept. 12. Oct. 4. Oct. 26. per acre

- - - - - - - - - - 1 -- - -- - -- - - - - - - -

Georgia Fertilizer... .................- .....

200 7.6

Without Fertilizer.......................... ............ 2.5

2

3

1.75 5

3 806 546

a E Frank Coe's Am'd Dis. Bone....

200 8.5

3

Without Fertilizer......................... ............ 2.25 2

8.5

806

6

1.25 603.75

Empire Guano... ..... ........................

200 6

4

Without Fertillzer...... .................... ............ 2.5

5.5

2

918.75

6

2 603.75

Pntapsco Guano Co.'s Sol. Phos. ......

200 8

4.15 5.5

1018

Without aGeorgla

Fertilizer..... . ...... tate Grange Acid



Pho~:;



2.25

2.5

com posted ..................... ......... .....

200 6.5

4.5

Without Fertilizer...................... ......... ... 2.76 2.5

6.25 1.25 653

5

2 962

7

705 . 25

aBarry's Com'd Biphos., composted . 200 4

4.75 8

2.5 1018

- Without Fertilizer.........................

2.75 3

Barry's Chemical Fertillzer............ 200

4

6

Without Fertilizer............. ... ......... ............ 2.75 1.75 7-

1.5 767.5 1.25 966.5 1.75 705.2-5

Ezpen'ment of B. N. SEAGo, Augusta, Richmond County, on S orghum .
SoiL, previous treatment and preparation same as in experiment on cotton, except that the rows were 5 feet apart.
Planted April 13th. Cultivation.-May 2nd, plowed out with shovel plow; 17th, chopped to a stand, leaving two stalks in the hill twelve to fifteen inches apart; 29th, plowed second time with shovel plow; June 27th, plowed with S"o/eep.

108

Soil Test of Fertilizers.

'

Lbs. of Gals. of Gals. ot fe.rtill- Juice Sy rup
zer f~om 2 per acre
- - - ------- - - - - - - - ---11per-a-cr-e -R-ow-e. - -

Patapsco Guano Co.'s Soluble Phosphr.le- ............................. 200 15

90

Without Fertilizer........................................................................... 10

60

Barry's Chemical FertUizer.; ...................,n ......................

200 15

90

Without Fertilizer..................................._ ................ ...................... 10.5

67

o E. Frank Coe's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone....................... 200 10

60

Without Fertilizer............................................................................. 9.5

57

Georgia Fertilizer.............................. ........................ ............ 200 15.6

93

Without Fertilizer...................................................................... .. 10

60

a Barry's Compound Bi-phosphate, composted........... ............ 200 15.5

93

Without Fertilizer - ......................................................................... 10

60

a Geo,.,Pa Stale Grange Acid Phoephate, oomposled ............... 200 16

96

Without Fertilizer......................................... _.................................. 9,5

67

Empire Guano..................................:.................................... 200 12.5

75

Without Fertilizer................................ ....................................... 9.5

57

One day's boiling was measured, and seven gallons of juice made one of syrup. The sorghum was mature the last week in September.

,
)
J

Soil Test of Fntilizers.

109

Seasons.

DATE.
- - - - -June 9th ................ ..

HOUR.
3.00 p.m.

TEMPERA~E.lR'AINFALL.

---

88 deg. F.

1-4 inch

June 10th . .. ............... Rhowery all day. 80

9-16 inch

June 13th .... .. ......... Showery all day. 70 to 74 deg. F.ll 1-8 inch

Jun e 14th ........ .... Showery all day. 74 to 76 ..

Jun e 1Sth ......... ..... 12.00 m.

84 deg. F.

1-8 inch 1-16 inch

June 21st . ............. 11.00 a.m. 86
June 23d ....... .... ... 3.00 p.m. 88

1-4 inch 1-16 inch

June 24th ............... 9.30 a.m. 80

7-8 inch

July 11th ............... . 12.00 m.

89

11-16 inch

July 15th.............. . ..
.. July 20th ........... .

7.00 p.m. 85 3.00 p.m. 78

3 1-16 inch 1 inch

July 22d.......... ...... . 1.00 p.m. 82

3-8 inch

July 23d................ . 12.00 m.

84

3-4 inch

July 24th................ 5.00 p.m. 85

1-8 inch

July 30th................ 8.30 p.m. 94

3-16 inch

July 31st ............... 12.00 m.

90

9-16 inch

August 7th 2.00 p.m. 91
August 8th .......... . .. 6.il0 p.m. 86

3-8 inch 12 inch

August 13th ............ 3.00 p.m. 84

3-4 inch

Augus~ 14th........ : ..... 7.00 p.m. 80

G-8 inch

August 27th . ...... ..

1.00 p.m. 88

1 3-8 inch

September 6th....... . ... . 11.00 p.m. 82

3-8 inch

Experiment of JOHN TuRNER, Culverton, Hancock County, on Cotton.

Soil.-Thin gray soil, with yellow clay subsoil. No fertilizers have! been applied to it in the last three years.
Prepared in the usual way. Planter/.April 2oth.

IIO

Soz'l Test oj Fenilizers.

Oultivated with hoe and sweep. S. C. Phosphate Flour was received. too late to be used-is stored for test next year,

Lbs. of Yield In Fertilizer Seed Co~ton
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - -pe-r a-c-re,- -pe-r a-cre-.

aE. Frank Coo's Dissolved Bone..............................................

200

672

aBahama Soluble Guano................................. ........................

200

671

aBaldwin &: Co's Ammoniate<! Dissolved Bone.................. ......

200

58'

aBusey's Excelsior.......................................... .......................

200

~88

Sardy 's Acid Phosphate Composted ......................... ...............

200

750

aBahama Soluble Guano Composted .. .....................................

200

750

Ober's Ammoniated Sup?r-Phosphate.................................... .

200

1008

aE. Frank Coe's Dissolved Bone...................- ......................

200

1008

Without Fertilizer......................................... ........................ ............... ...

R36

Seaso1ls have been excesshely dry and unfavorable to the use of fertilizers.

Experiment of J. RoswELL KING, Roswell, Cobb County,
on Cotten.

Soil-Gray and gravelly; been cleared about 25 years; original growth, oak, hickory and chestnut.
Previous Treatment-Been lying out about ten years; planted

in cotton in 1876, manured wi th "picker drops" from the fac-

tory, and agricultural lime.

Preparation-Land broken in April and bedded roth of. May. F ertilizers applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, in rows

{

feventy yards long, in sets of tw~ ro ws to each fertilizer. No

compost used.

Planting-May 1oth land bedded with turning shov~l, the-

beds opened with scooter, fertilizers and cotton seed sown and covered.
Ouljivation-P!owed first time and chopped to stand last of May. Plowed again June 15 th and July rst.

Soz'l ~ Test of Fer#lz'zers.

III

Lbs. of 1st

2d Yield In

fertili- pickl'g, picki'g, Seed Cotton

zer Oct. 18. Dec. 10. per acre.

pP.r acre

aNav!l!laa Cotton Mixture...... ............. .......

200

aMalhis' Chcmicnl Comppund....... ~................. ...

200

10

10

12 131
11

. 700 875 88

Seasons.-There was no rain during the month of May. Light showers during June, and plenty of rain during the month of July

Experiment of H. H . C ARY, LaGrange, Troup County, on Com.
Soil- Deep ~ulatto. Planted in corn in 1876. Prepamtion-lt was broken deep during the winter with a two horse Ol iver turning pl ow, and j ust before planting rebroken with one-horse Watt turning plow, leaving the ground in fine friable condition. Planted last of March, in !OWS five feet apart, opened with one-horse Watt plow without the mould-board. The corn was droppeq three feet in the hill. Fertilizers were d tstributtd conti.nuously in the furrows at the rate of :zoo lbs. per acre. Cultivatio1z-The corn was fi rs t sided with Watt subsoil plow
and the mid dles plowed out with Watt plow with mould- board'
left off. The secon d and third plowin gs were done with short shovel and scrape, giving very shallow cultme. It was hoed at intervals, and all weeds and grass kep t out.

febrtlf/. Bus. of Lbs. of zer Corn Fodder per acre per acre per acre
- - - - - - - - - - -- -- - - - ' 1 -- - - - -

Withnnt Fertilher ........................... ...................................

14.7

850

a Dickson's Compound ...... .....................................................

19.8

392

a Sun Guano......... ......... ... ... ............. ........... ............ ......... .....

18.4 364

The Charleston Soluble Phosphate was applied to corn which _was gathered by mistake, and not weighed.

112

Soil Test of Fertilizers.

Seasons were very unfavorable during t?e summer, on account of excessive drouth.

Ezpenment of B. LESUEUR, Knoxville, Crawford Countp, on Corn and Sweet Potatoes.

Soil-Poor sa'Qdy land; been in cultivation about 40 years.

Pnvious Treatment-The treatment has been what would be

called exhaustive-crops removed and nothing returned.

Preparation.-Land thoroughly broken with onehorse

plows. Corn rows four and one-half feet wide, four feet

in the drill. Sweet potato rows three and one-half feet

wide, plants twenty to twenty-two inches, on a good bed.

,

,Pertilzers applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, in the

drill, under each crop.

Planting. -Corn planted March 20th ; sweet potatoes,

May JOth.

Cultivation.-Corn was cultivated in the usual way, but

not as well as it should have been, on account of the

drouth. Sweet potatoes plowed once, and afterwards kept

clean with hoes and hand.

~Lb,s. o,f_ B~s. o1

CORN.

zer l.:orn

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - , . . . - - - pe-r a-cre-pe-r ac-re

a Russell Coe's Ammoniated Bone Superphosphate . ............... ............ 200

11

Without Fertili zer ............... ............................................................. ............

6

Bus. of

Sweet

SWEET FOTATOES.

Potato's

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -p-er a-cre

aRussell Coe's .Amm~niated Bone Superphosphate .............................. 200 Without Fertilizer............. .................. ...... ................. .................... ............

70 20

Mr. Le Sueur prepared to test tbe fertilizer on cotton, but his seed proving defective no stand was secured.
Seasons. --Mr. Le Sueur says: "After the 6th of April we had nothing like a season, until the second week in June, and that lasted only a few days, and it was not until August that we had a good supply ot rain.

Soil Test of Fertilizers.
"Corn turned as white as bleached straw, many stalks dying apparently, four or five blades commencing at the tassd!'
R &marks.-"No fertilizer in this immediate neighborhood did what was expected of it on account of drouth."
&perimmt of P. E. TAYLOR, Amen'cus, Sumter County, on Cotton.
Soil.-c:;?ray upland, with clay subsoil; was cultivated in corn in 1'876, without manure. It was subsoiled very deep, and laid off into rows three feet apart; fe rtilizers a pplied; bedded in the usual way, and the cotton planted April 2nd, with Dow Law cotton planter. It was cultivated in the usual way, with hoes and sweep- During the summer there was a drouth, which cut off the crop about half.

Yield in Lbs. of Seed Fertilizer Cotton per acre. per acre
- - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

aBrndley's Patent Super-Phosphate.... .............................................

200

596

aCumberland Bon e Co's. Super-Phosphate........................... ...... ......

200

589

aSoluble Pacific Acid Phosphate, Composted with cotton seed and{

stable manure by formula No.1, from the Department............

300

576

&pniment of R. W. NoRTH, Sharpsburg , Coweta County, on Cotton.

Soil- No. r- Thin upland; been in cultivation three years.

\

Original growth, oak and hickory.

No. 2- Bottom; been in cultivation 20 years. No fertilizers

used in 1876 on either.

Seasons- Very dry in July and August.

Lbs. of Y ield in Fertilizer ed per acre. Cotton
- - - - - - - - - - - - -- - -- -1----- per acre.

a Ragsdale's .Ammoniated Bone Superphosphate (No.1.) ........ .........

200

1100

aDugdale's Amllloolated Superphosphate (No.2) ............ ...............

1ii

1010

. He made no test without fertilizer in 1877, but says that No.
8

Sot'! Test of Fertihzers.
1 made, without fertilizer, in 1877, soo lbs. seed cotton, and No. z,6oo lbs.
Experimmt of G. N. BoswELL, Woodville, Greme Count-y, on Cotton.
Soil-Loose and sandy, with clay subsoil. Crop cut offbalf by drouth.
aS un Guano, at the rate of zoo Jbs per acre, made 300 lbs. of seed cotton per acre. The natural soil made 85 lbs.
Expennzent of JuBILEE SMITH, Preston, Webster !ounty, 011 Cotton.
Soil-Sandy 11econd bottom, with yellow sandy subsoil. It packs or runs together, becoming a little hard in dry weather. It was cleared in 1855 Thi$ plat was never fertil ized before 1877.
Preparalt'on-Late in April fur~ows were opened three feet apart, fertilizers distributed at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre, and the lanJ bedded.
Planting- May 4th the seed were sown with a Beachum planter and covered with a harrow.
OuUivati011t-As soon as the cotton was well up, it was sided close with a sweep. Ten days later it was sided again and chopped out. It subsequently received three good workings, leaving the crop perfectly clean.
Seasons-There was but one rain of note until some time in July, too late to make a good crop.

Lbs of Yield !n fertlli- Seed
ur Cotton
- - -- per acre per acre
---------~----

aWhitlock's Vegebltor

200 358.15

Without 1i ertlllzer . ................................................ _.................... .

122 . 5

aD!ckson's .Acid Phosphate ................................. .............................. 200 300

Without Fertilizer............. ...... ,, .. ...... ........ ......... ............. ......... ....

123

Remarks-The samples of fertilizers remained at the depot for some ti.me before Mr. Smith received notice oft~,_;,. 'lrrival, and were in bad conditioil-the sacks destroyed, :~. rl the fertilizers on the floo r.

Soz'l Test of Fertz'lz"zers.

Experiment of ]As. H. FANNIN, LaGrange, Troup County, 01t Cotton.
Cotton planted April 25th, and cultivated in the usual way... The fertilizers were used according to instructions from the Department, but no details given.

Lbs. of Y ield in Fertilizer Seed C'ottaa per acre. per acre.

aDugdale's Ammoniated Snperphosphate..............................

200

12GO

aLieblg's Formula.................................................................

200

1505

aEmpire Guano...... .............................................................

200

1332

oPeruvian Guano No.1, &ctified-Lobos Island ........... .........

200

l'l.2Z

Without Fertilizer . .. .. ...... ............................. ........ ........

7t7

Ezpen1nmt of SAMUEL HAPE, Hapevtlle, Fulton County, on Cotton .
Soil-Very poor red land-been in c.ultivation a gr~ many years. Original growth oak and hickory.
Previous Treatment-Its cultivation has been done with common scooters and turning shovels. It was sown in peas in 1R74; in oat-s in 1875, and volunteer oats m 1876.
Preparatott-Broken with scooter plow three or four inches d.eep-furrows for fertilizers opened with turning shovel run twice in the same furrow, fertilizers distributed, and the land bedded with turning shovel.
Plat arranged as directed in circula r No. 32. Fertz'lzzers applied at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre Navassa Acid Phosphate was composted according to fo rmu la No. 1, in circular No. 42. Planted May 5th-bed:> opened with ~mall scooters, se.eli distributed by hand, and covered with a board. Cultivation-June 4th plowed and hoed to a stand. J u-ty 11th plowed and hoed. July 21st plowed and hoed. All of the plowing done with scooter and scrape.

n6

Soil' Test o.f Fertilizers~

I J.-~~lil~ i zer

pi~k~g. pi~JA.

y ~~id In
r ott"n

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -pe-r a-cr<-'. - - -:----:-pe-r u-cre-. -

o 1\lauipulaled Guano, Wilcox & G;bbs............

200 9

1400'

Without Fertilizer...... ............ ....................... ...............

0

140

a :Merryman's Dis. Bones ... ............................

200 7

1.5

llOO

a Navassa Acid Phosphate Compost.................

200 6

1.75

1085

a Manipulated Huano, Wil cox & Gibbs............

300 8

2

1400

a Merry1nan's Dis. Bones...................... ........... ts Navassa Acid PhOt!phate Compost ...... ............
~~yman's Dis. Bonf?s ....... .. .... ............ ......

8 8001 SOl' 7
6CO 6

1260

:-.5 1

1190

25

1190

Seasons not reported.

Ezperimmt o.f R. L. FOREMAN, Decatur, DeKalb County, 011 Cotton.
Soil-Thin gray upland, with red clay subs:>il. The land was in corn in 1876, without manure.
Preparation-The plat was thirty-five yards long; rows three feet wide. It was bedded in April.
Planting-May gth the beds were opened with rooter, and' 200 lbs. of fertilizers applied with the .seed; cotton planted with Dow Law planter.
Cultivation-Si ded first time with rooter; second and third plowings done with sweep and scraper; hoed twice.

Lbs. oi

Yield in

fertili- Jst 2nd Srd Seed

zer p'k'g. p'k'g pk'g. Cotton

-per-ac-re - - - - - - - -p-er-ac-re

I
\

aStono Soluble Guano.............................

200

2 2.6 1.25

402 .~

Leyden's Ammoniated Soluble Guano ......

2.001

Average of four unfertilized plats............

8

~

2

7

105

aEagle A mmoniated-Dissolved Bone........} Sames confused In the report so that re-

aGeorgia State Grange F~rtllizer..............

suits cannot be given.

The stand was defective on this plat-most so where the Stono Soluble Guano was used.
Seasons- Very dry and hot in July and August.

,

Soz"l Test of Fertlzers.

II7

rExpeninent of } AMES M. WILSON, Smzd T mem, Campbell Cotmty, on Cotton.
Soil.-Sandy loam, with red clay subsoil; been in cultivation four years ; original growth, post-oak and hickory, mixed -wit n pine.
Preniotts T reatmmt. -It has been cultivated in corn two 'Years, and cotton one previous to r877. No fertilizer of any kind ever applied to it until r877.
P reparation..-The land was broken in F ebru ary, with one <horse tu rnin g plow; the rows were carefully measured seventy '}'ards long, an d laid off three feet wide, with a straight shovel, fertilizers applied, and the land bedded in the usual way, with comm on turn ing plow.
F erti lizt::rs were applied April r8th, at the rate of 200 lbs. per acre.
Planted the cotton April 2oth, in small scooter furrow~, and covered with a board.
Cultivation.- - A good stand was secured by May sth; May 14th, sided with three-toothed side harrow, and chopped to a stand the same day. It was worked fi ve times in all, once with harrow, and four times with winged swee p.

Lbs. of 1st 2d Yield i n Fenlll- picking. picking ed
zer Oct. 20. Nov. 26. Cotton

- - - - - -- - - -- - - - - -l-pe_r_a_cre - - - - _>e_ra_c_re

-a Soluble Pacific Acid P hosphate Compost. ............... ...... 200 6

8 490

Without FertilizeP:................................................... ............ 5

8 455

-a Navassa Guano, Ammoniated ................................ 200 11
Without Fertilizer ................................................... ............ 5.5

9 700
8 472.6

<Calvert Guano...................................... .................. 200 11

630

Without Fertlllzer....................... .......:................... ............

5.5

8.51 490

P endleton's Arumoniat<>d Superphosphate................ 200 IS

10

805

i\VIlhout Fe rtilizer................................................ ................. 6

8 490

The Soluble Pacific Acid Phosphate was received toG> .!ate to lie in compost long enough to ferment properly.
S easons.-Very dry during the month of May. The !balance of the summer was seasonable.

II8.

Sol Test of Ferlilt"zers.

&pen'mmt oj J R. RESPESS, Ellavlle, Schley County, on-
Gotto?t.
So!. -Old, exhausted land. Preparation.-Land broken and planted May 8th. Cultvated in the usual way.
Compost made by mixing one ton of Navassa Acid .Phosphate with five tons of cotton seed and stable manure.

Lbs. of Yield Fert'zer in Se'd
per CoLton acre. p1r ac'r

a Barry's Chemical Fertlllzer...... .................. ................... ...................

20, 420

Without Ferti lizer......... ............... .................... ............................................... 816

Bale's G<tano....................... ....................... .................. ...... ............... 200 350

Without Fertilizer ..................... . .......................................... ...... ..................... 815

&Navassa Acid Pho phate, compo.<!ted ......... ....... .................. ............... 200 860

Without Ferlilizer........................... ....:.................... ........................ ............... 315

(

Homestead Super-Pho>phate............................. .................................... 200 420

Without Fertilizer ............................... ................................................ ............ 81 ~

Merryman's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone............................................. 200 315

Without Fertilizer.................. .................. . .................................... ..... ............. 315

Patapsco Guano Co.'s olu:ble Phosphate...................... ......................... 200 420

Witbout Fer tilizer.......... .................. ... ...... ................................................... 815

Manipulated Guan<>- Wilcox & Gibbs...... ......... ................................... 200 420

Without Fertilizer ................................................. ...... ........................ ............ 315

a Sunnyside Ammoniated Super-Phosphate assigned but not received by Mr. Reape>!S.
Mr. Respess is at a loss to account for the results on this plat, except on the supposition that the "soil was too bar- ren to respond to the fructifying.efforts of the fertilizers." He reports the seasons as not- unfavorable, as shown by the results on another plat of five acres. In regard to these five acres, he says: "On my five-acre cotton patch, lan d that would, in its natural state, not have made exceeding 500 pounds seed cotton per ar.re, I have made the present year (1877), 15,000 pounds of seed cotton, at the cost of one ton of Acid Phosphate, 150 bushels of cotton seed., 4,500 pounds stable manure, and fifty bushels of ashes.,.

Soil Test of Fertilizers.

EXPENSE ACCOUNT.

1 ton Acid Phosphate.. .... ..............$ 30 00

150 bushels Cotton Seed. .. .. . ....... ...... . 15 00

~l tons Stable Manure.... ............. .... 3 37

50 bushels Ashes ...... .... ... ...... .. .. ..... 7 50

{

Labor .. ...... ... .. . ....... ............. 100 00-$155 8 7

I

CREDITS.

15,000 lbs. Seed Cotton, at 3c. per lb ... $450 00

Cotton Seed .. ...... . .. ... ............ 36 00-$486 00

Balance .......................... ...

$330 13

or $66. 02, net, per acre.

Experiment made on the Experimental Farm of the State

College of Agn"culture and the Mechanic Arts, at Atltms.

Soi/.-Sr.rface gray, with coarse gravel, derived from decomposed granite; subsoil red clay. It was originally thin, and is nvw much worn and denuded of vegetable m1tter. It dries rapidly after rain, and suffers severely from drouth . Original growth, oak and pine, about equally divi ed.
P art of the plat was in corn and part in oats in 1876. The following is a copy of the analysis of six samples of thiti soil made for Dr. E. M. Pendleton by Prof. H . C. White, and repO<ted January 10, 18 76: No.1. Surface soil, S. E. Valley of New Ground. No. 2. Subsoil, S. E. Valley of New Ground. No. 3 Surface soil, N. W. Valley of New Ground. No.4 Subsoil, N. W. Valley of New Ground. No. 5 Surface soil, Ridge of New Ground. No.6. Subsoil, Ridge of New Ground. The samples were air-dried, and lost as follows;

l 12 13 15 16 1
Water .. ......................... ... .......... ....- 1l 2.72 8.426 12 .659!84.591 11.312 7.328

!20

So! Test of Fertz"hzers.

II. The air-dried soils exhibit ed solubility as follows :

__!__:__ _~

_8_ _4_ _ _s_ __ 6_

So-1-n-ble.-1n--wn-t-er.-..-..-...-....-...-..-..-...-...:.-.:.-...-...-... 3.218 2.106 3.149 2.082 2.121 1.016

Solu ble i n Acid................. ......... ...... .... .. 20.826 21.510 20.995 21.736 20.467 10.797

Insoluble... .................. ........................... 71i.436 76 884 75.856 76 .182 77.412 . 78.187

- - -- ----------=r_oo"".o_oo_,_1_o_o.ooo 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000
III. The air-dried soils yielded in roo parts:
! I I I Nitrogen............... ......... ........ ...... ...... o.fm~ 0.~1 o.~7 0.~58 1 o.g841 o.~~
IV. The air-dried soils exhibited the following com positions:
- - - -- - - - - - - - - - -1-:-:::::2-- -3-I-4- -5- -6-
Water, determined at 212 deg, F. ...................... 2.036 1.132 1.875 1.006 1.134 0.976 Organic Matter................................. ......... . ...... 2.375 1.645 3.029 2.875 2.647 1.3~ Insolu ble illca............ ... ...... ...... ... ......... .... .... 69.603 70.770 68.906 70.876 70.380 71.362 Slllca-soluble in Sodium Carb. ... ..................... 8721 9.312 8.654 8.4l5 7.584 7.629 Phosphoric A cid ................... ..... . .......... ........ 0.452 0.821 0.461 0.898 0.415 0. 872 Sulphuric Acid ..................................... .....~... 0.075 0.069 0.074 0.071 0.069 0.070 Lime .. ................................... ......... ......... 0.523 0.214 0.568 0.812 0.572 0.298 Magnesia ...... ........................... .. .................. 0.754 0.548 0.782 0.701 0.781 0.648 P otash . ....... ........ .......... ............................... .. 0.812 1.1 06 0.429 1.009 1.115 0.989 Soda... ............... ...... ...... ...... ................. ...... 0.010 0 009 0.018 O.Oll 0.009 0.009 Oxid e of Iron ... ............... ... . ......... ........... ..... 5.784 6.312 6.146 6.082 6.428 7.106 Alu mina ...... .................. ....... .................... . ...... 7.1H3 8Al4 7.659 8.5151 8.469 9.111 Oxide of lll anga nese......... .. ...... .............. .......... 0.312 0. 152 0.409 0.226 0.397 0.129
Preparation.-The land was broken in winter with turning shovel. Plat sixty rows to the acre, 21 o feet long, arranged a~;cording to directions from the department in sets of four rows, fertilized and unfertilized alternately.
Fertilizers were applied at the rate of so, roo and 2oo lbs. per acre April 2oth. The rows were laid off with scooter, followed by a straight shovel to open the furrow. In this the fertilizers were distributed . One of the inside rows of each set of four was subsoiled with the Lester plow. The fertilizers

Soil Test of Fertlizers.

121

were listed on with scooter, and the beds finished with straight lihovel.
Composts made according to formula No. 2 from the department.
Planting.-May 4th, opened the beds with scooter, seeded heavily, and covered with a board.
Cultivation.-May 3oth and 3 rst, sided with narrow scooter on shank of subsuil plow, and ran two sweep furrows in the middles; June 4th and s th, chopped out; June zoth and 2rst, 10ided wit" straight shovel, and plowed out the middles with sweep; June 25 th to 27th, hoed; July gth, ran two sweep ftlr rows to the row; July 18th and 19th, ran a straight shovel in the middle, de r p, two sweep furrows on each side, and a sweep furrow in the middle; August 17th, and x8th, hoed lightly.
Seasons.-Tbere was rain -\.pril13th, tgth, and 27th; May 5th, 6th and 7th; no more till June 6th; rain June gth, roth, 13th r8th and 23d , July 6th, rain and hail, injuring cotton; rain 17th and 22d; rain A~gust 22d and September 7th.

Eleven OomnuJreial Fertilizers applied at tlte ?ate of 200 lbs. per acre, in sets of four rows to each brand, alte?onating toitl~ sets of ....

N

four rows U1ife?tilizedr--60 ?'OWS, 210 feet long.

N

NAMES OF FERTILIZERS.

YIELD IN SEED OOTTON.

---

1st picking 2d piek'~ 8rd pick'g 4th pick'g 5tb plck'g 6th plck'g Sept. 17th. Sept. 27t . Oct. 6th. Oct. 21th. Nov. Htb. Dec. lOth. Per Acre.



Jbs. oz. lbs. oz.

1 - - - - - Inside rows.. 86- 9

17().10

-------
Jbs. oz. liJs. oz. lbs. oz. lbs. oz. lbs. oz. 8(). 2~ 120-...... 56- 4 48- 4311' . 51,1-14

~..-.;

ithout Fertilizer.................................., _... ............... Outside rows 43- 9Y, 213-12

92-13

147- a.

63-12

85-lO

li96-llY, ~

3~adley's

Ammonloted

Dlsssolved

{Inside Bone ........................

rows.

Outside rows

144- 6 135-15

402- a
425-10

113- 7 114- 6

146- 4 157-15311'

<ll-11 % 41- 1

27-10,?1 875-10 23-14,?1 901-14

~
~

1 lthout FertUlzPr .......... ,............................................... Inside rows.. 1Outside rows
In.tde rows.
a ITomestead Super-Phosphate of. Lime...........................
Olltslde rows

83-12 46-14 149- 8~ 186-14

143- 2 192-10)9 429-18,?1 425-15

83-14,?1 87- 8 93- ~ 94-11

181- 4 J18- 2
101-11~
111- 9

53-14,?1 41>-15 33- 4){ 84- 8Y,

~ 45- 7Y, ;.496- 63\1'

80-15

52l-11Y, ~

,.,..;

17-18 825- 7Y. t1

a 23-14~ 837-

~

1 w itbout Fertlli2er...... ............ ........................................ Insid e rows. Outside rows
1 j a <m""'' Po<~< So,&P"~'''" o< L<mo, ,,,,,,,,,,, ..... Inide rows.. Outside rows

41-11.111' 41- 4 96- 1311' 99-13311'

!91- 4 205- 5 486- 9 445-12)9

93- 4Y. , 171- 1}11

109-11 153-12

161-llY. 181-14

160- 5

!92-10 ~

9().15 88- 9Y, 71- 4 81- H~

6(). 7}~ 648-12 68-12 662- b,Y. 47-18 1045- 5 78- 4.% 1057-15%

w 1I nslue rvws.. ithout FertUlzer.............................. " ......................... Outside row

18- 4.111' 22- 8

231- 1)9 245-10

129- 6 ll0-10

181-14 168-12

95-10 70-12.!11

74- sy.
67- 8

73().12% 685-12)\j'

{Inside rows.. Dickson's Diamond (A) Compound...............,..., ...............
Outside rows

Without Fertilizer........... ............................................. {Inside rows. Outslcle rows

{Inside rows.. Charleston Soluble Phosphate..........................................
Outside rows

{Inside rows..

Without Fertilizer...... ...................:................................ Outside rows

.

1Inside ~ows..

a Increase Crescent Bone................................................. Outside rows

{ In9ide rows. Without Fertilizer...... ................................................... Outside rows

{ Inolde rows.. a Nat.Jonal Sou luble Bone...............................................
Outside rows {Inside rows.. *Without Fertilizer......................................................... Outside rows

{Inside rows.. a Peruvian Guano No. 2-(Guanape) ........:..................... -
Outside rows {Inside rows.. Without Fertilizer ......... .............:.................................. Outside rows

{Inside rows.. a New Hnv~n Chemical Co's Am'd Super-Phosphate......
Outside rows

165 7~ 184- 1 16- 7~
22- 8 139-11 12028- 7 80-15 104- 8~ 102- 3 10.. 5 13- 2 53- 7
59- 8Y.
48 4Y. 27.10}\! 125-10 95-10 32-13 84-11 97-15% 113 4%

G02 8

128- 4~

517-15~ 151-14

225- 7~ 14.2- 1 5~

277-16~ 138- 4~

403- 2

12~-1 1

416-14 138-12

272- 5~ 120- 7~

292-15~ 139- SJ.jJ

392-13 124- 3)1J

419-~ 131-ll).jJ

241-14 118 2

253 2 126- 9

370- 5 150-15

407- 5~ 161-ll)lf

319-11

152-13

343- 9% 139- 3%

272-13 12114

316-14 121-14

105

87- 3

136-15

90-

341- 4 115- 5

830

. 182 3

117- s
151-14 147- 3 IJ3- 2 91-14 105-15 134- 1 139-ll 110..10 134- 1 154-11 152-13 142-15Y. 171- I X 151-14 155-10 155- 2% 144- 6 170..10 173- 7 195-15 195

4812 61-14 67- ~ 70- 5 42- 3
45-~
66- 1~ 62- 8 44- 1
63-1~
81- 9 65-10 53-14)1J 78- 9}\! 78- 9Jif 73- 97{ 67 8 63- 4}\! 119- I 101- 4 105- 7)1f 101-ll)lf

30-...... 981 s

86- 1~ 1053-19

56-11~ 654-13Y.

88- 7 680-10

27-10~ 829- 3~

3'1- s~ 851- 4

49-11

666- I~

44- 1 69V- 6

~

~-2~ 8ll ~

~

38-14~ 88().. 5

..~.....

45-15

652- 8

~ 64- 3~ 675- 7Y.

49-11

821 4

GO- 7}\! 983-1 2

~
~

65-IO 78-12

81].14 818- 7

~-
~

85-10

778- 9%

28- 2

770.. 2)1f

48-12 46-14

563 7
582- s

39- G 895- IS

83- 4X

906 1y.

..... wt-.:1

CoMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS- Conthtued.

...
~

--

--

"""

YIELD IN COTTON SEED.

NAMES OF FERTILIZER.

I SL pick'g !Sept. 17th.

2d Sep

pi ck '~
t. 27t

.

3rd pi ck'g Oct. 6th.

4th Oct.

pick'g 24tll .

5th plck'g Nov. 14<h,

Gth Dec.

pl ck ' gl 1Otb.

Per

Acre.



1 - - - - - - - lbs. oz. ---

lbs. oz.

l bs. oz.

lbs. oz.

lbs. oz.

lbs. oz.

lbs. oz.

Inside rows.

0

177-lOY, 106-14 223- 2 174- 6

71- 4 753- 4Y.

~

Without Fertilizer.................. ................................ ........ Outside rows
1Inside rows..

0
244- ay.

17Gl1 Y. 423-41'.

9~11
122-1 3

212- 57{ 14Q- 4 203-147:0 118-9Y.

68-12 41- 4

693-12 1154- 1

~
~

11 Peruvian Guano No 1-lLobos Island) ................... ......
1Outside rows Inside rows..

2J1- 6?{ 0

4.63- uy.
140-10

122-13 85-10

207 3 227-13

113- 7 192- 3

4()..14 1165- 5

~

116-llY, 712-15y. ~

Without Fert.lllzer.................. ......................................



Outstde rows

0

184-11

87- 8 244- ay. 181-14

91-!4

~ 789-1331!

{lnside rows. 12510

a Mount Vernon Ammoniated Super-Phosphate......... ......



Ou tgide rows 143- 7

415-127{ 458- 7

124- 11 124- ay.

243- 4Y.
2i9- 6

151-1 4 133- 9Y.

.v. 70 121'. 1132-...

;:},

~

86- 1% 11 75- 2Y,

l>l '
~

These two rows ran across n icrtlle tipot which aff~cted results,

-

"""

.___../

--

T en Commercial F ertilizers, applied at the r ate of 100 l9s. per a1Yre, in sets of four rotos to each brand, alternating toUh sets of fo~M 1ows mife?tilized-60 1ows, 210 feet lo11g.

NAMES OF FERTILIZERS.

YIELD IN SEED COTTON.

I1st p'k'f!, 2d -p'k'!(,
~ept-. 17th Sept. 27lb

Hd p'k'g, O ct. 6lb.

4th p'k'l! Oct.. 24th

, .

5th p'k'~.
l'.ov. 15L 1

lo th
Dec.

p'k'~
lOth

'Per

Aero.

~--------

--------

- - - ---- ---- ---- - - -- - - - - - -

~oust!~:::::~ Without F erti lizer ........................... ................... .................. {

0

125-10

68-12

89-1

46-14

17-l3 313-2

~

1Inside r <}ws .
a Bradley's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone. .............................. Outside rows

0 296-4 286-14

66-9 279-6 276-10

28-2 88-2 15

122-13 121-14 141-9

63-12 55-5 GO

26-4 15-15 28-2

307-8 856-14 867-3

~
."~..'.

0

135

Without Fertilizer................................. . .............................. 1 Inside rows.

53-7

110-10

63-12

29-1

891-14 ~

.

1Outside rows Insid e rows.

0 282-3

214-11 259-11

69-6 &1 -9

133-2 113-7

59-t 38-7

a Homestead Supe r, Phospbate of Lim~..................... .............

Outside r ows 380

246-9

81-9

120-15

80

33-12 11-4
7-8

511) 786-9 816-9

~
~!':-<

1 Inalde rows. 106-14 145-5

67-8

128-7

49-11

14 1

611-14

~

Without Fertilizer. ............................... . .. . . ..... ............... Outside rows

108-2

120

60

115-5

53-7

15

460-14

a

Bradley's

Patent

Snper-Phosphate ............

,

.......

.

.

.............

1lnside

rows

.

Outside rows

244-11 256.14

268-2 261-9

88-2

169-11

65-1 0

11-4

832-8

94-11 161-4

111-9

87

894-6

{ InsicTe rows . Without FerllUzer........................................ ............ ............ Outside row
iI nside rows.
a Dickson's Diamond A Compound ............ ......................... Outside rows

0 0 196-14 19515

114-6 167-18 32T-3 8896

49-11 72-3 72-8 82-8

146-4 148-2 150-10 176-4

85..5 77 . 13 4614 62 8

19-11 415-5

21-9

487-8

17-13 811-14 .....

1\1

17-13 864.6

~

T A.BLE-Gon~ 4 nued.

....

I

tv

0\

YIELD IN SEED COTTON.

NAMES OF FERTILIZERS.

I

1st 'p'k'g 2d p'k'g, Sept ..171h Sept. 27th

3<1 p'k' g, Oct. 6th.

4th Oct.

p'k'g, 24th .

5th p'k'g Nov. l l>th:

t~c.P;t~~:IPor

Aero.

.

I

i ---- ---- ---- - - ----- ----

e rows.

0

76-14

48-12 119-1

79-11

----

21-9

345-16

i Without Fertilizer, ...... ...... ............ .. ...................................... ou; crows
a Charleston Soluble Phosphate ............ ........................ ......... Inside rows.

0 129-6

86-4

45

196-14

59-1

11 2-8 99-G

48-12

20-1

813-2

~

30-16

13-2

528-12

~

II



i Outside rows Inside rows.

Without Fertilizer............ ...........................:........... ............ Outside rows

119-1 0 0

180 69-6 71-4

46-14 106-14

38-7

(1-4

116-4

70-5

36-9

89-1

57-3

11-4

502-8

2'8-2

325-5

~.
.".>..

22-8

276-9

~

I~

a Increase Crescent Bone........ .................................... ....,.... iloslde rows. 121-14 183-12 109-11

96-10

51-9

16

577-8

~

1 ,

Outside rows

Without Fertilizer.................. ...... ............ ....... ......... ............ luside rows.

99-G 0

164-1 llHB

52-8 54-6

109-11 105-15

58-2 60

26-4

510

~

13-2

350-10

~!>.-:

1Outside rows
a National Soluble Bone............ .. ...................... ................... Inside rows.

0 126-10

117-03 243-12

21-9 82-8

119-1 144-6

66-9 bS-2

16-14 341-4

~

10-5

664-11

iOutside rows
Without Fmtillzer ... ..................... ... .................................... Inside rows.

151-14 0

248-12 110-10

66-9 90

18015 165

oo;
92-13

23-T 38-12

726-9 492-3

~ i a Peruv1nn O uano No.2.................. ............................. .......

Outzlde rows Inside rows.,

G uanapc.. ................................ .. ............ . ........ ................ ... Outside rows

0 863-12 37 3-2

95-10 246-10 281-4

50-10 76 84 8

1146 136-14 ! 40-10

73-2 88-12 88-12

24-6 510 11-4

858-2 860-10 924-6

...

.._,

--

:::::er::~: Wlthout Fertilizer................................................................ {

1 a New Haven Chemicll.l Co.'s Ammoniated Super-Phosphate. . Inside rows.



1Outside 1ows Iuside rows.

Without Fertilizer................................................................

1Out-side rows
a Peruvian Guano No. 1-Lobos Isl11nd ................................. Inside rows..



1Outside rows Inside ruws .

Without FertiUzer. ..... .................. .................. ............. ...... Outside rows

0 0 356-4 296-4 0 0 480 519-6 0 0

225 191-4 204-6 23G-4 261-6 215-10 271-14 290-10 148-2 146-4

60 60 45 76-14 67-8 61-14 61-14 54-6 63-12 60

241-14 181-14 185 168-12 204-6 211-14 112-8 127-S 106-14 136-l4

69-6 43-2 56-4 33-12 54-G 78-12 24.-6 24-G 13-2 35-10

15 16-14
o-10
15 18-12
so
0 5-10 S-12 5-10

611-4 493-2 802-8 826-14 609-6 598-2 P50-10 1021-14 336-10 384-6

~
~
~
"...'..
~ ~~ J '
~ ~"'

.....
l\J ~

128

Soil Test of Fertilizers.

Other very interesting experiments were reported, but

at too great length to be embraced in this circular. These

experiments have been conducted with the utmost accuracy,

and are entirely reliable in every respect.

M1'. W. C. Ricltardson, Dalton, Whitfield county, re-

ceived for test one sack of aNo. 1 Peruvian Guano, rectified

Lobos Island, which he tested under pot<~.toes and corn,

but having misplaced his memoranda, made no report.
Mr. Robert J. Ragatz, Albany, Dougherty county, re-

ceived samples of aChesapeake Guano, aEtiwan Crop Food

Chemicals, and aExcellenza Cotton Fertilizer, and applied

them, as directed, to cotton, but failed to get a sufficient

stand to make a reliable test.
.JYJr. J. H. Glanton, LaGrange, Troup county, received

aZell's Cotton Acid Phosphate, aWhann's Raw-Bone Su-

perphosphate, avVando Fertilizer, and aCalvert Guano,

and applied them carefully, as directed, to cotton, but has

been prevented, by protracted illness, from giving his per-

sonal supervision to the test, and hence makes no report of

results which he was not sure were reliable.
Mr. W . J. Colquitt, Apple Valley, Jackson county, re-

ceived aDeLeon's Complete Fertilizer, aManipulated Gu-

ano, Wilcox & Gibbs', and aNational Soluble Bo11e, which

he applied carefully, as directed, to cotton, which was

ruined by a cyclone in August, hence no report.

Mr. F . L . Brtdge, Albany, Dougherty county, received dLei big's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone, and aSamaoa Guano, which

(

he applied to cotton, as directed, bu t failed to get a stand,

hence no report.

Mr. A. T . Ben?Zetl, Jefferson, Jackson county, received

aDobb's Chemicals for Composting, aLeibig's Ammoniated Dis-

solved Bone, and aMerr yman's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone,

and applied them to cotton, as directed, but misapprehended

the character of the report required, and reported only the

NOT:&.-Several interesting and accurately conducted experiments have been reported by voluntary experimenters, but there are so u:any that have come through the regular channels, that these have been necessarily excluded.

Soil Test of Fertihzers.
a~sgregate of the production of all the fertilizers on the plat. In other respects his report is satisfactory, but the object of the test was defeated.
Mr. T. E Ha11bury, Dalton, Whitfield county, used one sack of aBales' Guano on a vegetable garden, with most satisfactory results. He applied it also to a clay hill-side, on which timothy was sown, and got a fine crop of hay. No accurate report made.
llfr. George C. Dmt, Cave Spring, Floyd county, received aAtlantic Fertilizer, and aS. C. Phosphate Flour, and applied them, but left his farm before the crop matured, and hence no report.
Mr. John T. Wi11gjield, Washington, Wilkes county, received
aEtiwan Dissolved Bone twenty-nine per cent, aExcellenza Cotton Fertilizer, aEtiwan Crop Food Chemicals, aLong's Chemicals for Composting, and aPlanters' Favorite, which be applied with great care to several plats, but, failing to secure a uniform stand, and discovering a want of uniformity in the soil of the plat not recognized before planting, he did not deem the test reliable, and hence did not report results.
Genl. Geo. S. Black, Rome, Floyd county, rer.eived aGeorgia Stare Grange Acid Phosphate, aLorentz and Rittler's Acid Phosphate, aEmpire Guano, and aZell's Cotton Acid Phosphate, and carefully applied them to two plats, one upland and one bottom, bnt the stand having been destroyed by a rain storm on the upland, and the cotton irregularly injured by rust on the bo~tom, the results could not be relied upon as a test.
aRussell Coe's Am'd Sup. Phos., aPreston & Son's Acid Phosphate, aPatapsco Acid Phosphate and aAlkaline Phosphate-ammoniated, were assigned to Mr. Willis T. Little, Carrollton, Carroll county, but no report has been received.
Maj. J. D. Frederick received aEtiwan Guano, aGeorgia
State Grange Dissolved Bone, aMerryman's Am'd Dis. Bone, and aDugdale's Am'd Sup-Phosphate, and conducted a very careful experiment on cotton, but was prevented by the carelessness of some hirelings from making a satis-
9

Soil Test of Fertz'lizers.
factory report, the cotton having been picked contrary to his orders, and greatly to his annoyance.
aE. Frank Coe's Am'd Dis. Bone and aMerryman's
Acid Phosphate were assigned to Mr. W. A. J. Plzillips,
of Meriwether county, but no report has been received. aBaldwin & Co.'s Acid Phosphate, aOber's Soluble Acid
Phosphate, and aZell's Am'd Dis. Bone were assigned to W. C. Jenkins, Cuthbert, Randolph county, but no report has been received.
aBarry's Granger Fertilizer, aBahama Soluble Guano, and aCarolina Fertilizer were assigned to Mr. Jas. H. McElmurray, Butler, Taylor county, from whom no report has been received.
alEtna Ammoniated Superphosphate was assigned to Mr. Jno. !. Callaw ay, Decatur, DeKalb county, ftom whom no report has been received.
ERRATA.
Page 23.-The yield of Ladd's Alkaline F ertilizer should be 778.75. Page 25.-The decimal points should be omitted in the yield per acre. It srould be 1435 lbs., 1540 lbs. , etc. Page 99.-ln Plat No. 1, the yield of Stable Manure should be 455lbs. In Plat No. 3, the yield from Georgia State Grange Fertilizer composted, should be 560 lbs. Page 111.-ln the experiment of J. Roswell King, the yield in seed cotton without fertilizer, should be 385 lba.

Comments on t!ze Expen;nents.

131

COMMENTS ON THE EXPERIMENTS.

The seasons in many parts of the State were unu.sually

irreg ular, and consequently not propitious to the use o(

fert ilizers during the year 1877. In some instances they

were so unfavorable that the crops were rather injured than

benefit,ted, especially where highly ammoniated superphos-

phates were applied in liberal quantities per acre.

The effects of lzumus in the soil enabling the crop to

withstand the injurious effects of drouth, is most striking in

many of the experiments, and shows the importance of a

judicious rotation of crops involving a restitution of veget-

able matter at least once in three years.

The great bane of Southern agriculture has been the de-

nudation of vegetable matter from the soil by the continued

cultivation of hoed crops. An examination of the results

of the various experiments, in connection with the report

'

of the previous treatment of the soil, will be not only interesting but instructive, fertilizers almost invariably payin g a better per cent. on production and investment on soils

abounding in vegetable matter.

HASTENING MATURITY.
One of the most striking effects of fertilizers is noticeable in these experiments in which a record of the different pickings is given, from 300 to 400 pounds of seed cotton having been gathered per acre from the fer tilized plats at the first picking, when none was gathered from the unfertilized plats. This is one of the principal benefits derived from the use of fertilizers, especially in the northern part of the State, where early maturity is an important consideration.
Another interesting fact illustrated in those experiments, in which the inside and outside rows in the unfertilized plats are weighed separately, is seen in the increased yield of the outside rows, resulting from the influence of the fertil izers in the adjacent rows, the roots of the plants in the unmanured plats having crossed the intervening space

Com1~ents on the Experiments.

in search of food. This illustrates, also, the necessity of

the requireJUent of the directions for conducting the tests,

that the_two centre rows of each plat shall be used in con-

trasting t}le effects of the fertilizers. These results are

especially noticeable in the experiment of Capt. F. D.

Wimberly, and that of the State College.

The results of the last season still further illustrate what

has been frequently stated in the publications from this

D epartment, in n;gard to the excessive use of highly ammo-

niated commercial fertilizers on soils denuded of vegetable

matter, especially on summer crops. There has been an

improvement in the use of fertilizers in the State within

the last few years, but the tendency is still towards the ex-

cessive application of concentrated fertilizers in the drill.

Vast sums of money have been literally wasted in Georgia,

in the last twelve years, by the application of excessive

quantities of fertilizers per acre in the drill. As shown on

J

pages 77, 79, 80 ancl 81, the yield increases with an in-

creased application, within certain limits, with favorable

seasons; but when very large quantities are applied, espe-

cially in exceptionally dry seasons, the effect is rather in-

jurious than beneficial.

The careful attention of the reader is invited to the ef-

fects of composts of cotton seed, stable manure and super-

phosphate, applied in equal weights per acre, in contrast

with commercial fertilizers. When the cost of the applica-

tion per aere is considered, the contrasts are convincing

(

of the economy of the composts.

INSTRUCTIVE.

Young planters will do well to study carefully the meth-

ods employed by the various experimenters, and compare

the results obtained by the different methods, making due ,

allowance for the surrounding circumstances, as recorded

in the reports.

The results in the various experiments show the impor-

tanr.e of selecting for the test, soil on which no fertili zers

were used the previous year, since the residue from _the

..

Commmts on tlze Ezpert'men~s.

133

previous year's application injuriously affects the compari-

son of the production of the unfertilized and fertilized

plats.

In comparing the yield from diffe rent fertilizecs, it is im-

portant to notice the yield on the unfertilized plats adja-

-cent to each bral!d, since these will detect any variation in

the fertility of the soil.

The results of these experiments, as well as those of 1876,

indicate the necessity of covering the fertil izers deep for

summer crops in Middle and Southern Georgia, as a means

of preventing the injurious effects of drouth, while more

shallow application, even with the seed, is often beneficial

in North Georgia, where a vigorous start and early ma-

turity are matters of prime importance.

Attention is called also to the different methods of culti-

vation pursued in different parts of the State, which, owing

'

to the great variety of soil, altitude and climate, admit, and even require, different systems.

Many of these experiments have been conducted with

great care and accuracy, and are worthy of careful study.

T~t from the State College is of especial interest on ac-

-count of the accompanying analysis of the soil, the large

number of fertilizers tested, and the great accuracy with

which it was conducted.

Parties desiring to make a critical examination and comparison of the res ults from different fertilizers can, by reference to the tables in the Appendix, get the necessary data for ascertaining the per cent. of gain or loss by the use of fertilizers. There was a loss in a number of experiments which is generally explained by unpropitious seasons, but in the case of Mr. Respess' experiment no such explanation is given.
The results in some cases are very remarkable, when~ fertilizers were applied to thin soil. This is well illustrated <On pages 93 and llO.

C<im111i81Si1Jner qf AgrtcuUure.

APPEND I X.

...

T ABLE-o.f Analyses, Commercial Values and Prices per Ton, etc. , of Commercial Fertilt'zers, 17Zspected,

w
.j>.

Anal;,zed and admitted to salem Georgia, for tlte Season of 1876--77.

ANALYSEi-l.

NAME 011' li'ERTILIZERS.
e 1. Nl~OENR-TAIMLIMZOLNmsIAOTHED! Z AClJJ PllUSPUATES. ~

l?li08pk0ric Acid.

.

.oO~ ~

~ ~ n~~ ~

e ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~

.;:
s0a

..... .::, u:J IXP.. !-1

~

~ !l
0
1'-.

;
-;
. . -a; .
_ . .. = ::!.8
8"' ~""~'

' " PRICES

l'El! TON.
0

~g
::.:ug

. ~
t;,
~

-~ "e"''

:::>
"0 '
0::.~-..

,.. o !ll -~
-~~

0"' e:;

:t"""'

..:."c,.'.a.a.
-.o~~.c"""a~'.
e-

By whom and where sold

or for whom [uspe"ted iBy wbom &where Man-

and Analyzed.

ufac turod.

-Atl-an-tic-A-cid-P-bos-...-....-..2\-1J.-31\-2.9-1\-;.-23 4.dw.cul=ll.7s'sto :liiiS2SIJO s~a oo Sioool":::.-:-: Charleston Pelzer, no~:ers & Co.,

.

Ch:trl0stou, S.C.

AllunlicPh nsr hale Co.,

35 Oil ... ..... ............................. ~1. !J. lloo<l & Co., Co- Chal'lcton, ::;. C.

hunhn'!, <~a.

~
<:)-<
~

~ Baldwin & Co.'s Acid 6.70. 0.70 2.50 8.25 10.75 .............. 26 88 42 00 52 00 52 00 1,; Augusta .... Franklin Bros., A ugusta. Stono PhoHt>hat e Co.,

Phosphate ...................!

<'h~rJestou, H. C.

'

Barry's Compomltl Bi- 13. 36 1. 5~ 6.55 J'hosphate .......... ......... 1
Defiance l:i u per-Phos ...... l 8.26 4.60 tl.OO
Dickson's Acid E'hos .... ...1 2.95 2.35 3.T5

l.G5 8.20 0.35 4.87 29 55 43 00 50 00 ............... Augusta ... dwnru Barry & Co., Au- Edwnrd H:rny ,~:, Co.,

gu sta .

A ugustn. (j a.

H.20 1'1.20 ............. 35 50 30 00 4i 00 47 00 15 White Tav1>an,Bro . <!:Co.,WhiteG eo. E. Wllite . N.Y.

Plu ins.Gn.. Plu1u a, G~>.

~.25 8.00 .............. 20 00 35 00 40 00 40 00 15 Augusta ... Dickson Fertilizer Co., Dickson Fertilizer Co. ,

~
~
~

A ugustn.

Au g us ta.

Dobb's Chemicals... .........! 21.74 O.G5 10.45 0.95111.40\ 0.70\ ... .. .. \ 31 02\ 50 00\ so 00, .. ....... 15 Athens.. ... S.C. Dobbs, Athens, Gn John H. Long & Co. ,

~"'

-

Bultiu10re.

""d E. Frank Coo's Di~lved 10.40 2,10 14.00 2.95lto.95\ .... ... \... ... . \ 42 88\ 40 00\ GO 00\ 70 00 15 Savan nub .. Purse&:. Thomas,Savnn'nh Cou tit Htchmonrl, Phtln-

Bon es ............ ........... .. !

clelphia Brooklyn

E. Fraok Coe's Ground tO.OO 1.70 5.00 7.00!12.001 ....... \....... \ SO 00 \ 40 00\ GO 00\ 70 00 lb Savannah. Purse&'fhomas,Savnn'nh (.;oe(_~ Richm LHI , Phil a~

Bones ......................... 1

dlphia and Bro Jklyn

Etiwan Crop Food Chemi- 16.92 0.85 9.70 0.35\L0.55\ .... .. .\10.M\ 43 24\ 17 00\ 54 00\ G2 00 12 Augusta .. . W. C. Bee & Co. , Charles- Suh.burlcAchl & ouper-

cats.. .......... ............. .....!

ton.

Pbos. Co., Chu rltston.

Eti wan Dissol vcd Bone, 15.12 2.11 8.80 fi 90\14.70I....... \...... . \ 36 75135 00142 00147 00 12 Augusta ... W. C. Bee & Co., Charles SulphuricAci~ & ~up,'r-

2!! per cent. .................. !

ton.

Phos. Co. , ChnrlcsiOil,

Etiwun J)is.<olved Bone 14.80 1 75 6.85 24 pr r cent... ................ .2
Excelbior Disol vu Bone. I 12.88 0.2G 10.90

6.35112.201 .......j ....... 30 50 82 00 SB 00 44 00

12 Augusta ... IV. C. Bee&: Co., Charles- l:iulphuricAcld &Super-

ton.

Phus. Co., lhHrlesLOo.

l.Ga 12.65 0 3b ....... 32 71 P rite not given ...... ....... ..... .. ... Hogers& Leman, 1\lacon ... ................................_,

Georgia State Grange Acid 10.32\ 8.351 5.55 7.00 12.5~ ........... . 81 38\ sd"ool 86 OOJ 62 50\ 16\Savanuah.I'C, O. Ilardwick,Suvnn'nh\Lhte r Broth ers, New

Phoephato .,....... . .........1

ark, N. J,

--.

-

_.,

eotglul51ata t~muge Dl- 14.21 2.111
"l sohed Bones................ 2
G~:n's Southern Fertill z- 14.33 O.GO II. I ing Oompmmrl ............ 1 ong's Prcpar~>d Chemi- 16.20 0.00 13.00 cats ............................ .1 )ren tz & Ulttler's Acid 7.:,S 4.80 8. 86 l:'hosp!Jate.. .. .............. .3
M erymnn's Acid Phos .....3 17.68 U7 7.76

4.23r~. 16 U."lS .. 8e 70 35 00 42 50 GO 0015 nuonah .. C. C. Hardwick , Savan'nb Lister Brothers, New

2.00 13.10 .............. 32 76 Prlc not given

nrk, N.J . ......... ..... Ro;:crs ,l Loman, Mucon .. Sul\>hurlc Acld&Suoer-

1.50 14.50 ....... ....... 36 25 Price not gl vcn

1'' 1os. Co., Charlestou. ................. .. .................................... John R. Long & Co.,

Oo.,Ao-l 3.3) 12.15 ....... 30 38 30 ()() 12 00 42 00 13}1 Augusta ... ..g,u,.s,tu'. '~" &

Balti more.

s:; oo 40 00 52 50 15 Atlanta..... M. IV. J ohnon,Atlnnta Looentz & Rlttler, Bal-

Piee not given

Johnson & i:>troh~cker,

tim ore.

3.71 11.37

28 GS 40 00 50 ou GO 00 10

Ma co n. Athens ..... Reaves ,1-. Nicholson,

Price not given

Athens.

John 1\lerryman & Co.,

Howru & Son, Augusta Baltimore.

~ crrymnn's Dis. Bone . ... 1 18.36 1.90 8.04 l\Ioro PhiJiips' Sol. Bone 10.84 2.10 8.50
Phosphate ................. I

4.06 12.10 ....... ...... 30 25 Price not given

...... 4.20 12.70 0.18

sz 40 Price not given

.............. llownrd & Son, August~. John Merryman & Oo., Ball!Hiore.

~

!Inrruld, .To!Jnson &; Co., ~lMo Phillips, Phila- ~

Americus.

<lelphin. Pn.

l';;-

N 11Li<>nni t;oluble Bono- IS.iiO 8.36 7.87 4 .3~ 12.19 0.33

81 66 35 ()() 40 00 47 50 12

Pratt's . ........ ..... ....... ...i N rtva~su. .Acid Phos.........:l IS.75 3.17 3.78 10.63 14. 11

1.62 ss 62 32 00 35 00

0 >eo's Sol ub le .Acicl P!Jos.2 12.32 4.90 7.63 3.8~ 11.18

2S 70 35 00 40 00 55 00 15

0 )cr's S. ( '. Dissolv'd Hone 9.2l 4.05 V.!O Pll ospb ate .... ... ........... !
p .lmouo Acid Phos.. ...... .J 5.62 1.55 9 70 f ,Jmotlo Acid J'hos.........l 4.46 1.55 4.40

3.65 12.75

31 88 Price not given

200 I1.76 ....... ...... . 29 38 Price not givfn

4 0~ 8.41 ...... ....... 21 13 32 00 50 00 50 00 15

ALtho l'ort.a, Charles l'rntt., Atlanta .... U.S. Fertilizing & Chern-

Delivered At

len ! Co., Cumden,N ..J.

' utChaer nearest depot.

Navassa G u:mo Co., miugtou, N. C.

\Vi!- Nnvuflsu Guano Co. ,\\ il m i ngt<n, N. C.

Augusta. ... Warrtn, Wllllace &. Co. , G. Oht r & Sons, Baltl-

..........

......

....A..u..g..u..s.t.a..........................

rnor e.
0. 0 <r

&

Sons, Balli-

.................

uwrc. Langston .~ Ornnc,AUanla Bn11lley

Fertilizer

Co.,

Autusta .. Barrett & Caswell, Au- ...B...u..s.L..o.u.........................

~
~
~
~ ~ !'>

p, .tupsco Acid Ph os.........1 14.64 u.OO 5.20

8.10 13.30 ....... ....... 33 2.; 33 00 .... ... 52 50 15

g ustn. Augusta ... M.A. Stovall, Augusta... Patnpco Guano Co. Bal-

.......... p, ndleton's Phospb>lle for 1(i.26 3.10 7.50 4.50 1~.00 0.3~ ....... 31 19 3000

tim oro nnd A u~1 sw. 5! 00 15 \lnvaonnh .. Pendlctons & I .ampklu, H. W. L. Rasiu, alt.!-

~O IHJ .OSting ..... .... .......... l p est on's Acid Phos . ......! 9.11 2.25 7.20

oppleln's Slllenled Su- 11.74 1.25 5.65
"'R ~~;;!'~~o;J~~::~r~;;ii;~ :A~iJ 16.o1 2 so to.4s
I rho<phn te ................... 1

t

hJdes' Ammouialcd Buue Super-Pho~ ........ t

12.85

2.95

7,20

- 6.42 IS.r,2 ...... .

34 0~ 35 00 ......... 50 00 15

3.35 9.0C ....... 6.10 82 26

2.45 12.00 ....... ...... 82 25 40 00 50 00 60 00 15

4.~5 11.45 0.25 ....... 29 53 Price not given

Atlnnta.

more.

Rome ........ Rounsavil le & Bro., Home I. Preston & Sons,

.................

.....-.................................

Qrpenpoint L. 1. G. & N. PoJ>plein,

Bal-

lill\ Of(\.

Athens..... Heaves .t N1holson, Reed & Co., N ew York.

Athens, nn.

Johnson & Strohecker, J. M. Rhodes & Co"

)! aeon.

Bat t im or~.

"'Popplein' s has vegetable silica, 14.86. t>\lcssn<. R botles & Co. claim thnt th ~lr fr rllll zpr hns n fnir per centuge of ammonia, a nd tbnt this analysis tlocs not fairly reptesont their goods In tho ammonia dtcrminntlon. The ample furnl shetl by the I nspector for unnlysi, in this case, gives onl y 0 25 of ammonia.

....
v.

l.n

TABLE-CONTINUED.

N AllES 0.11 lr>: RT!LlZE&S.
NON"-.A 'fMONIATED FEJ : Ir.TZEI~ Continued.

ANA!.YdES.

PllOI']JIIOtic Arid.

,..;.
- " " $ ~ "'""'"' -- -- -- ::0;;

;"Q
:::
~

ro"'~~ ~

, 0
;Q

~'2~ ;:
~~.=--a

~ ~:,...

~~f 0<dj

-~
0
Ea l

<l

----

..,; !"l'
p0.,

,;
'.=;..;
-;:;
.;.;. "aa
u 0

. PRICES PER TON. -' cs

,;

e8 $
., c~::.
-8- - - - - -- .Q

,;
".:

... c.~

00.0

:::JC.
c.

t.S

0

C..,;

0.
9
8

s c
0
{.)

" p-<G..,:>>:!o<-

5 "

-:;a!

~~ By whom and where sold By whom & where Man-

.S"..,.'l.."_",

or for whom In spected and Analyzed.

ufueturcd .

.Q~

~~

Sardy's Acid Phosphate.! li.OO 2.~5 G. -15 4.55 ll.OO

827 50 $28 00 832 00 $ .....

Charleston J. B. Sardy & Son, Charles- J. B. Snnly & Son,

Snowden's Solu blc Phos- 12.40 4.25 4.25 phnte ......... .. ............. 1
Soluble Pacific Acid Phos- 13.68 2. 44 8.52 phnte.... .... .. .... ....,....5

8.00 12.2;

30 G3 Prirc not given.

5.59 14.11 ....... ....... 35 28

8ao8 0ou0

42 00

1~
42 00 13

:15 00 45 00 45 00 13

35 00 52 00

15

...t.o..n................................. ...C...h..a.r..l.e..s.t.o..n.............. ..

Griffin. On Wood &Co.,Snvannall, ~ Pacilic Guano Company,

A11 gu~t.a.... .f.O. Mathewso n, Aug' a,

Wood's Uoll, Mass.

Allunta.... Adair & Bro., AtltLotn.

Atlanta..... Adair & Bro , Atlanta. Pnci fie Guano Company,

...... So. Co. Pho-qr,hnte F lour, 0.62 22.85 ....... 2.15 2.15

....... 5 38 21 00

Atl:mtn..... J. IT. Ketner, Agent, At- ....C..h.t.u.l.e..s.t.o.n..,..S....C...........

!Ground P lOS. Rock ) . 1 Si.ouo Acid P hosp hate..... ~ 9.51 G.45 6.92

3.50 lo.42 ....... 2.32 29 76 30 00 43 00 43 00 10

lanla, GB. Augusta.... Printup, Bro. & P ollard, S1ono Ph osphnte Com'y,

....... Wando Acid Phosphate..! 12.15 !.Sa 8.71> 4.00 12.75

....... 3188 30 00 35 00 42 00 12

Augustn. Ga.

Charleston, S. C.

Charleston George E.Giubon, Charles- Wando Min. & Man. Co.,

Warren, Wallace & Co.'s 12.4G 3 60 8.30

4.70 13.00 ....... ....... 32 ~0 39 00 4-100 60 00 15

t o n ~ ~- C.

Chnrlcstou, S. C.

Athens .... J ~ fl' L ane, At hens, Ga...... 0. Oher k Sous, Baltl-

Acid Phosphate. .........1 Zcll's ('.mton Acid Ph os- 13.11 3.98 6.12

5.00 11.12 ....... ....... 27 80 43 00 57 50 57 50 15

more, 1\hl. A ugusta.... W. H. Howard & Son , P. Zcll ,~; Sons, Bnltl

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - phuto .................... ...1

---

--

--

Averages of Acid I'hos .... 12.05 3.lli 7.44 4.H 11.6~ O.:JO 4.51 ea1 o:, s~~.'i ;;7 Str. 93 SH 7H 14.29

Augusta, Ga.

more, Md.

.....
(.;>
01
~
~
~-
~
~
~
~ ~
!'>

--.

~

...........

-

NAMES O.IJ' FERTILIZERS

" !I.-AMMONIATED ,..;.

F ERTILIZERS.

t;

'0

:a

ANALY~ES.

Phosphoria 1oicl.

:,a; ~ " .."...

_ a~ ,;

,; :E1l-~ ~

" . . . :a;8 " o< ""'"'1t -:aJ ;::s> '0

--~= !!"

- - - - - - o:;o:;p.. Eo<

-~
"a0a
~

.g
!l p0..

,;
~
p.
..d
<3
" 8
8
0
0

"-" . P.ii!OES P.El8 TON.

. '~o
~~

" ,; "' -"~' " ~

,;
";;'
"s"'

::0:: ~8...

.. ,

0
.=s;:~:

8.~
.,I:'
<.00

-~~

-- -8"-" - ---- 8 e::;

&::

"

-:;;-g

_, -oS By whom nud where sold. By whom and where

5l"'

or lor whom Inspecte J Man ufa.,tmed,

~""~'

and Analyzed.

!:::

~ Ath ens Chemical Com- 1.94 1.40 8.76 1.46 8.20 2.46 ....... $29 36 ~3~ 00 S40 oo 540 00 t o Augusta.... Dickson Fcrt.ilizer Com- Uickson FP-rtHizcr Co ,

pou nd .......... .. ....... ... 1

pany, Augus ta, Gn.

At~gu sta, Ga.

<:)-<

Ab nco Guno............'.1 11.35 3.1 0 1.75 5.25 7.00 2. 10

25 OG 50 00 60 00 60 00 to Aug usta. ... Branch & Son's Augusta, Branch &. Sons, Augusta, ~

Heorgln.

Georgia,

Ammoni a ted Alkaline 4.94 3.87 ~. 68 Phosphate...... .........2
Ammon'd Soluble Bone, 10.27 S.Q7 7.62 Pratt's .....................2

3.85 9.53 1.72

30 02 45 00 62 00

15

40 00 48 00 8.9~ 11.57 1.54 2 .05 37 76 45 Oil 50 00 60 00 12

Augusta.... Printup, Brn. & P ollnod,
Hawk'ville .. -~-~.~~~~.1~:..~~~..............

~

Chesapeake Guano, Hultimore, i\ld.

Co. 1

At Ports.... Charles Pratt, Atlanta, U.S. Fertilizer &Chemi-

Geogia

c:-~ 1 Co.,Cooper's Creek,

~ !h. ~

At lantic Fertll1zer .. .... l 14.22 0.82 4.75 .a.2o 8.00 3.32 2.76 36 37 41 00 50 00 60 00
Buhama Sol. Guano....! 21 .46 8.60 6.25 4.75 10.00 n.5o 2.32 41.31 47 00 67 50 67 50 15

Charleoton Pelzer , Rogers & Company, .AC.tlanmntdioentlhNo.<pJh.~tc Co.,

Chttrleston, S. C. Augusta.... Clnghoru, IIMring &

Co.,

Cbarlesl on Walton, Wh

1n!u:in.

0. &

Co.,

~
~

Bale's Guano............. .'! 18.12 0,75 4.4.1 2.55 7.00 2.00

24 70 37 50

60 00 15

Ro me........

J

.

Augustl\1 A. Bule,

Gn. Ro me,

Gn.

Wilmington, Del. J. A. Hale, .Rome, Ga .

....... ....... Bale's Wheat Fertlll'r..l 15.46 0.95 3.40 5.65 9.05 1.75

28 93 33 00 50 00 50 00

Rome ........ J . A. Bnle, Rome, Gn. J. A. Bille, Rome, Ga.

Baldwin & Co.'s Ammo- 12.86 2.97 7.47 4.58 12.00 3.30 2.2G 45 50 f>G 00 70 00 70 00 15 A.ogustn.... D'ranklin BrDs., A ugnsta} Lister Bros., Newark,

niated Dlss'd Bone ... 2

41 00 ~2 00 70 00 lfi Savunu:oh .. C. C. Unl'llwlck, Stcvan'h Now Jersey.

Blue Bone~uper-Phos..l 13.44 2.45 8.20 3.20 11.40 2.20 ....... 36 42 .. ....... 67 ~0 67 oO 15 Conyers..... J. &. W. E. 'l readwell, P. !:i. Cha ppell & Sou,

Conyers, Ga.

.Bal 1 imore, Md.

Brnoi ley's Ammoniated 10.11 1.1 5 7.50 3.70 11.20 2.25 ....... 36 10 Price not given

Langston & Crnne, A t- Bradley Fertilizer Co.,

Sa-} Dissolved Bone.........l

lan tn.

BradleJ 'S Patent Super- 11 .33 3.2~ 5.81 4.01 9.86 8.03 ....... 35 5ilf 40 Ob 55 00 .... ............ .Sav annah .. L. J. Guil m ~<r tiu,

Bosto n. B1ndley Fel'liUzer Co.,

Phosphate.... ............5

van nub, Ga.

Boston.

....

Price not given.

Lu.ngston & Graue, At-

w

lanta, Gu.

~

TABLE-CoNTINUED.

....
w

(X)

. 'l'ON.I-2 ,.; ., "" NAMES OF FERTILIZERS.

ANALYSES. Phosphoric .llcitl.

'"-I -.; .; l]i~ ~ "' ~ci :s 8 AMMONIATED FKR-
a s ... 'l'lLIZEHS- Oonlinued.

k

,0

~ . :;:J

~ o"" "" - "1ll " ] ::e:1 .."..'

.~

.- 0 r'u"':C:)-~ -~ -

0

:::
:Qn

!>'0?
p<:L;.I,Q;p..I,t

00:: ~... [0<

5 <!\

"" s.z:il 2.s9ls&s Bri~hlon Raw-B-on-e S-upe-r--1.96-~.-85 -2.-85 6.2ol' n.o51

.oi

.,:l Pll!Cl!S PEII

~ ..,..,;

:.Js
8"
()
o~ J

-tD~

~"0' 'E o .

.=:
:

~G)

2 ~
0 c.

p,()ice / ~/""glv0eu

. 0 "0
~~ 2 e: 'i:.E!
""

:g~ By whom and where sold .

g"
f~

or for whom iuspectedJBy whom. and where

ami o.n.t.lyzed.

manufacLUred ,

Q,) '!'"(

.:::"'

!;!::""

................ 1..... ...... .

U<'orge Uptou,Brlghton,

l'bosphate ...................1 Barry's Chemical Fenlll- 10.96 1.05 7.64
zer .............. ............... 1

0. 75,8.3914.75 .......

88 08

1\lu ~ .

50 00160 ooi"" " " ' I"""IAugusto. ... Edward Barry &-Comp'y, I>:dwan1 Barry

Am;ne1n.

Augmna.

&

Co.,

~

Barry's Grangers l<'ertili- 11.80 1.80 9.25 1.75 11.00 8.95 zer ......... ............ ......... )

41 72 43 00 60 00 ............... Augusta ... l!:dward Barry & Comp'y, Edwu1d 13arry & Co.,

Aogustn.

Augu:-,tn.

<::>-<
1;;-

Busey's Excelsior............! 9.72 0.20 12.15 'carolina Fertilizer ..........2 17.76 3.81 5.67
Charleston Soluble Phos.l 10.10 3.~0 4.30
Ch esapeake ....................3 13.61 4.19 4.46

2.80 15.0018.50

48 55 Pl'icel not !given

................ N. Gallaher, Warrenton .. W. 0. Husey, George-

l town, JJ. 0.

s.3519.o2. a.o2

33 42 45 00 70 00 70 00 15 Augusta ... Barrett & Caswell, Au }

gnsta.

Bradley Fertilizer Co.,

31 00 .................. ...................... II. 1.\1. Comer, Savan'nh Bust on.

4 551 8 851 3,35 1.8~ 37 16 Price not given

................ Geor(le W. Scott & Co., Stono Phosphate Com'y

Atlanta..

Charlelon.

I 4.901 9.361 3.061 1.641 37 0-!l 50 00 62 00 70 00 15 At ports.... Print up, Bro. & Pollard,

Augusta.

ICL~sa peoke Guano Co. ,

50 00 GO 00 60 00 l2 Hawkins. ,J. 0. Jelks & Brother, Baltimore.

~
~
~
~ ~ ~

ville. H~wkinsvllle.

Cotton c-.mp'd. Ammoni-111.461 5.161 3.72 5.861 9.581 2.791 2.101 37 851 45 00 70 00 70 0015 Atlanta..... John .N. t:>wllt, Atla nta,

a~ed Diss'd Bone 1:'hos...2

Price not given

.

:If. A. Stovull Angu~to., Palapsco Guano Com 'y,

Price not given

D. B. HuH, Savannah.

BalUnv1re.

Cotton Food ...................1 10.97!8 65r5.! 0 4,80itO.OOI 2.001 ....... 1 32 201 Price n ot given

................ Cubl>edge & Hazlehurst, Maryland Fertilizer Co.

Mucou.

.Baltimore.

Cumberland Bone Co.'s t2.6t 3,92 6.88 4.7Sil1.66l 2.881 ....... 1 39 o21 40 ool 52 501 10 oOI15 Savanna h. Austin &. Ellis, Savannah Cumherhwd Bone Co.,

Super- Phosphate ........2



Port.lancl, Maine.

Dickson's Compound ...... I 6.52 4.20 2 15 5.101 7.251 8.301 ....... 1 30 011 Price! not !given

...... .......... Dhlrson Fertilizer Co., Dickson b'erlilizer Co. ,

mg,~~~~:'tnP~~.~.~~~...~} Augnst1,

Augusta.

7.1lj4.oo 1.4o

6.551 7.951 3.591 ....... 1 32 SOI... ...... J 7,Q OOJ 70 OOJ...... 1Augusta ... Dick>on Fertilizer Co., I>ick-.111 l'el'lilizer Co.,

A u gu~tu.

Au~ust.a.

*C<>tton compound has 1.60 ID:!30esia,

-,

>

.

:i~f~ A,;;;,;'Q~i~ie<i"'ri~n!l11.2a ...... ...... eLeon's Complete ~'erLll- 17.150 0 12.7~ 1. ~ 14.00 1.80 42 98 :Kl 00 till 00 e.; 00 15 Augusta. ... l!'r&nkllr Broe., A ugu ;ta. Ltster Bros., N ewa.rk, N.J. 2.92 7.33 2.77 10.10 2.70 . 81 97 46 00 5;;00 70 00 15 A.ug usta.... :iarrbi-t.l n n..vell, Augs':t Brunley l'erUUzing Co.,

:Super-Phosph a te .........2 ;. Frnnk C<u,'s Am mou ia12.30 0.17 11.00 ted .Bon? :Super-Plio ...~ Empue Guuuo ................ 12,24 1.87 7.68

2.?.~ 13.20 3.42 ....... '4/S 44 40 00 GO 00 70 00 15

4.33 12.01 2.05

87 41 4~ eo ......... 70 00 15 50 00 GO 00 70 00 15

Bo,ton.

Sa.vannuh , Purse & Tootnus, S:wan'h Coo'\: ta...hmonc1 PhUa.


l . Augusta ... O.M.St e, Augt~sta .. J Atllens..... Ha mpto1 & Dea rin g,

d e lpbi a n u <l l~;ookl vn
w
R. \V. L. R rts iu, Balti-

Atil en

more.

:tiwnn Gunno....,............2 15.29 1.12 5.S2
ureka Ammoulnt'd Bone 16.75 3.59 7.82 Super-l'bos ...... ............1 :x(:elle nzn Cotton E'eLiii 14.82 0.80 10.95

4.48 10.25 2.22 2.68 37 97 47 00 54 00 62 00 12

....... 3,55 10.87 2.62

36 61 45 00 60 00 60 00 15

1.42 12.37

2.82 .......

41 OS

50 00

72

00

..7.0....0.0.

15 15

Augusta ... IV, C. liE tcu.
Attbe pr l's J. \1 . Tol
Toccoa.Ga. )[oseley Athens..... S.C. Dol

& Co., t:hnrl es- S u lphuricAcid & Super-

Phos. Co"' L'barl estou.

ston M:acou. } Atl an li.c & Vir.,inia F e rY ow. Toccoa ti izer Co. ~ Orient, L. I .

s, Atbeus.

Johu R. Long & Co. ,

zer ..............................2 ~t na Ammoniated Bone 22.48 5.10 6.10 Supcr-l' bos.................. l eorgill Fettilizer .. .........1 13.9-1 4.00 5.45
~~;~~. ~~~.~~.~~~:.~~~~ 17.62 0.55 10.00

1.20 7.30 2.92 ....... 28 76 Price not glyen

5.75 11.20 3.20 I,Q2 41 47 40 00 07 50 67 50 15

....... 2.45 12..15 8.30

43 01 41 00 52 00 70 00 15

50 00 .. ....... 6.; oo 15

................. W.H.E well, AtJant.1,

Huliimorc. New Havn

Ch e m i ca l

c.c.na Savan nah.

Co., .New Haven, C ..~ n wick, Savan,nh .................. 13altimore.

Savannah. C. C. Ra wick, Snvan'a h Lister Bothers, ~ ew-

J Rome. ...... Berrys & ~o ., Rome.

ark, N.J.

~
<:l-o ~
~

::trange Mi ture............s 18.12 4.86 4.18
:omestead Super -Phos...2 9.58 2.52 5.18
>crease Crescent Bone...! 16.26 2. 5~ 10.35
eycle n's Ammonia'd Sol- 13.88 5.00 5.20 uble Guuno .................. 1 iebig' s AnlluoniaL'd Dis- 12.59 4.68 3.78 solved Hon e ............... .2 iebig' s F ormula..... ...... .! 13.11 3.55 6,65 ong's Disolved Bone ....~ 18.78 1.06 6.86 orentz & Ritller's Am'd 12.08 2.37 7.68 Soluble Phosphate .......3

6.7~ 9.93 l .G;; 2.28 34 41 50 ou GS 110 GS 00 15 Augusta ... M. A. St nil, A ugustn. Pa!up~co Gu nno Uom'y

40 00 G5 011 G;; O'l 15 ':)[L \'U.Uilah. D. B.Ht , Savaunp_h-.

Bnlt1morc.

8.16 13.29 3.30 2,43 49 32

67 50 67 50 15 :\lacon ...... F. D. Tit cy ;\htW ll.

Price uot given

Lngsto~ .-. t rane, At- Jarvis & Hooper De-

Ia..., ~.

....... 3.00 13.35 2.00

oa 40 58 45 00 55 00 55 13 Augus ta.._ J bl. Ber y, Augusta.

....... 4.60 9,80 2.86

34 76 45 00 G7 50 ......... 15 Atln>rdt. ... A. Leydc Atlanta.

IJ'O il, Mi ch.

'

Li1s.l1'eh,r"t'tB":-o:r1. bers1 N_!jY.-

W ul ttt n, Whann tlo <X>. ,

Wilmington, Del.

5.78 9.56 2,41 ....... 82 58 GO 00

6i 00 J.l!'

No })t'i Cf:' g-i ven

1 ~0 price given

6. 75 13.40

43 11 42 00 tiO UO 60 00 15

Aug ust:~ .... M.A. St<
J . ti. Swi D. Jl. llu

aSll~,~A::u::g1u~;'h1,"}

Patupsco Gunuo Bu!timore, Md.

Co. ,

Augusta.... ~l. A. Sto ull, Augusta. P .t tapsco Guano Co.,

ijaltimore, M:d.

oo 3.45 10.30 2.05 ....... 33 13 40 00 60 60 00 l5 Athens..... S. 0. Dob , Athens.

John R. L on g & Co., 1!.11 timore.

3.68 11.36

2.21 .......

aG 36

45 00 45 00

55 00 60 00

67 50 15 Atlanta .. ... M. W.Jol GO Oil tSY. Augusta. ... HeaH, Sp1

sou, Atluntal ro & Co., AU

g-(., ln.

Lor en tz & Rittjer, Bri-

'l" j No pricegiven

J ohu ~:~o n Strobecker, / tiwore.

~
~
~

:J acon.

.....

An analysis of Empire Guano, made 22d June, after this tnble was nearly completed, gives 10.80 of available Phosphoric Acld, and o.20 of Ammouis.

w

\0

tGran ~e Mixture bu 1.69 ma~:ne.iia .

--t

T ABLE-CoNl"INUED.

..

...
t

. N AlliES OF FEBTILTZEBS.

AMMONIATED FERTILIZERS - Continued.

..c.,.;
tl

0

~

ANALYSES.

. .;

Pl10ph01ic .dcicl.

I.go. :a. .,;
:;:;
"' - ~
s .:l

~~~

. "' .. - ~'E."

-
= &!~~ ~--= .0

'"' c.>C.. Q) :J-
lll>'t;7 o:.l

'd
..J

.... 0~ :

-g~
g
<l

.d
Jj p::

O"i'
.t>
.,;
.c..; " a a 8

PlliOEO PER TON. ci

;8::
Q.
-;J
"(.)

,;
;":;
a""'
8



.;;a :"3
0

,-.0>o..<..

"' .... 8"-_ece,._O:!

~'i ;c::o-

tl.o

:"S'

-:<.g
~a
i~

IBy whom and where sold,,By whom nod "1\here

or for whom Inspected

MnnufuclureiL

~"",_0'~":c:

and Analyzed.

I

I

.

-a,w ManhnttanBloodGuano..l 1"-Uo 2.J58.lo

2.7b IJ.GO

=:$as DO 51~ 00 51~0 00-=::::- -=::Savannah. Duocan &.Johnson, Snv.,} '.Ving& Evans, N.Y.

, Mathis Chemical

Cern- ll.6P 2.7~ 7. 65

pound .... ......... ........... 1

Mcrryman's Ammoniated 15.94 0.80 9.70

Dissolved Bones. ... .. ..6

2.35 10.00 l.~G ....... 2.48 12.18 8.21 .......

No 29 {)0

p~I<'C GO 00

!!,ven ,6 66

W. .. ........... .. . l.h.t8CR.R A.

T. Cole, GriHin. Mathis & Co., No.

Ja,

Lorentz & Rittler, Balli

J 42 01 50 no ........ 72 00 l~ Athens..... eCaevnctsr.a~lNRichL'tl.s'n,Ath's\ m.oca..Md.-

50 Ou 65 00

Savanna b...._ ............................ John Merryman & Co.

~
"..."...'..

Minor's Ammoniated Su-11.68 2.65 8.10 per-Phosphate.............! Mt. Vernon Ammoniated 11.97 8.7~ 6.85
:Sol u ble Phosphate ...... l N avassn Ammoniated Sol- 18.'10 5.60 2.67
ubl~ Phosphate......... 2 Navassa (.;ottoo l\11xture..2 12.68 4.28 4.67

7.45 10.85 8.00 ....... 8.00 9.85 3.20 1.14 6.45 9.12 3.10 ....... 7.86 12.031 1.54 .......

N o price given

W. .U. '!.oward & Son, Ballimore.

37 98 No price giv~n

Savannah.

A u g u s t u:-B. B. 1\linor,

Jr., ""-van'b,

Pnta~sco

Guano

Ccm'y



J3nltinwre.

3616 40 00 50 00 67 50 15 Macon ...... Joh nson & Strohecker, o..,8tav Da mumnnn,Bal

I Macon.

limorc, 1\fd.

'.""0' '" 33 OG 50 00 55 00 ................ DJ'd

Navno.a Guano Company, Navassa Guano Com'y

,... n L

W ilmington, N . c .

Wihulngwu, N. c.

35 62 42 00 4S 00 ................ \ "

Njwnosa Uunno t'ompnny, Nuva&n Guano Ccm'y,

~
::t.
;:: l:l ~
"~ "

New Hn~cn Chem. Co.'si2J.OO 2.851 4.50 Ammon'd Super-Phos.l
Obcr's Soluble Amruo't'd 17.07 2.471 9.60 Super-Phospbnte........ .2

2.701 7.201 4.001 4.101 38 961 50 OOI 60 001 67 60115 2.301 11.901 2.121 .......1 37 381 50 00160 001 iO 00115
4iOU 5250 700015

''Wilruinglon, N.C.'

Wilmingon , N. U.

!If neon ...... English & Huguenin, Mn- New 11uven ( 'homlcn

con.

Go .JNew Uavco, C'ou

Athens...... Jell Lane. Athens,

} G. Obcr & Sons, Baitl-

Augustn.... Wnrrcu, Wn!Jnce & Cc., more Md

Ober's A ~moninted Dis- 15.50 0.851 s.os
solvM Bone................ ! Obe r's Genuine Pbo"pbo- 11.30 6.651 4.00
P cru\i au Uuano....... 1
P atapsco Gua no Cc.'s Sol- 10.58 5.941 3.71 uble Phosphale*..........5

1.95110.001 2.261 .... ...1 83101 47 001 52 501 70 00115 5.201 9.20 4.1ll ...... .l 37 SOl Price! not I g iven 5.8119.52 3.271 1.84.,.3..8..5..2. 14550 00101 ,7608 000017608. 000011155
....... .. 55 00 ......... 70 00 15

Augus1u.

'

Augusta .... Warren, Wallace & Co., G. Ober & Sons, Bultl-

11 ugusta .

mort, Md .

...... ...... .... Warren, Wallace & Co., G. Ober ,, :Sons, Bniti-

A HMUHn.

more, Md.

Savnonnb. D. ll. B_ull, Savannah. } Patnpsco Guanv Cou1'y,

A u ~nstn.... M.A. I:Stfl\' alJ, Aug usta.

Bulto Luld Augusta.

Ru01e....... Berrys & Co., Rome.

Pal.apeco Guano baa 1.55 :lo1a&neaia,

Pendleton's Ammoniated 11.02, 2.01,10.40 3.85114 251 4.021 .... .. I 50101 53 001 60 001 75 00116 Snvannnb .. Pendletons & Lnmpkln, R. W. J,, Rasln, Balt1-

Jll-Pbosphnte... ....... .....!

All nn t a.

m ore, Md.

Pendl e ton's Al otmo ulatecl12.93 3.70 6.97 2. 881 9.851 s.4sl 2.001 40 sol 52 ool 59 ool 74 ool15 Atlanta . ... P cndJ..ron's&T.om pldn, ~ R. W. L. Rasin , BalLi

St~per-Phosphute ... .... .2

A tlu u tn .

more, l\1d.

48 00 fiii 00 60 00 12 Ath en s..... J, H. Huggins, Athens,

Planter's Favorite... ...... .! 20.441 1.20110.40 1.801 12.201 1.25

85 001 No Pnce given

.............................................. ......... J c,bn R. J. ong & Co. ,

Ballim nre, bid.

P eerless Gunno...............1 11.36 3.fj0 5.55 4.551 10.101 3.3312.781 41 GO {7 00 67 50 67 50 15 Augusta. ... Cl ngh orn , Herl ing & Co., Wnllon, Whanu & Co.,

A u g n s t.a.

Wilm ington , Del.

Peruvian Guano No. 1, 9.48 1.55 7.20 6.751 8.00 5.80 ..... .. 51 581........... ....... ....... .. . ................. ..... R . G. Lay, Savnnnnh. Hnbsor. llurtado & Co.,

Rctified,Lobos I slan d ..

New York.

Pernvtun Gm111o, ~o~ccood 5.98 1.10 4.80 7.251 12.051 2.001. ... .I 37 881......... 1 ......1...... ... 1....... 1.......... ...... IR. G. Lay, Savannah. U<b sou , U mtado & Co.,

quality (Otutnape) . ...... 1 Prestnn'sAmmouialed bu~ 17.05 1.32 7. 80

s.9SI11.781 4.tJI ...... 1 201 eo oo1.........1 10 ooiJ4

New York. Rome........ ,Rounsaville & Bro., R om f II. Preston & Sons,

pcrPh olf!J hut ~............ 2

Green P oi nt, L. I.

R ugsdule's A u m <llinted 11.68 4.77 6.27 3.881 9.651 l.SOI .......I 80 61 1Price m ot I given
BonP f'uperPIIOSJhate ..2

......... ..... .. Hosch & E stes, Buford, Patnpsco Guan <t Com'y,

Georgia. .

Raltlmore, Md.

~

Reaves & Nich..lsoJJ's Cot-17.01 0.90 10.40 3.25113.651 2.871....... 1 44 461 50 ool 60 QOI 70 001 15 Athens ..... Rcnves & Nicholson, A th- Heed & Co., New York. <:::><

ton Grower... .... ... .......1 Ru ssell Coe's A ntll1<nia t~d 18.6l 1.97 7.82

2.98 10.80 3.05 ....... 37 98150 001 65 00 70 00 15

eos. At Port ..... Br anch , Smith & Co., Ruell Ooe, Linde n, N.

~

~ BoneSuper-Phosphme. 2

A u~u s tn .

Jersey.

Snmann Gut~ n c*.... ... .... l14.1 3 4. 9~ 5.25 5.60 10 86 1.75 2.43 37 31 Price not gi ven ...... . ......... ....... Robson Bros., .A Unnta. Pu ta psco Guano Com'y,

Snrdy's Ammon iated Sol- 16.20 8. 75 5.25
nblo J>uC'IIi c timn1 o...... 1 Sardy 's Phospbo P er u vian 13.04 3.60 4.45
Guano ............... ...... ... ! Schuefc1's AJOru o nlatrd 9.92 3.12 4 .4~
Super-PhospiH\ le.........1 Sea Fowl Guano (B.D.]. .415.65 3.1 3 5.!)6

3.50 8.76 1.75 ....... 28 18 No price given

B a ltimore, M.d. .. ................... ..................... ............. . J. B. Su rd y & Son,

,........ 4.65 9.10 3.75 ....... 86 26 4a oo 52 00

.......

Charleslon

J.

Ji.

Sardy

&

Son,

0.har1es-

(;ltarlcston. J. B. l:ln r rt y

&

Son,

rou.

Charl uston.

Sc~tnefer, 6.20110.6512.86 ....... 35 09 Price not qlvcn ....... ................ Goo.

Hampton, ....................................

Poll"' ) 0.00 0 M ' "' ... ~ " 00 00 '"' " 00 "

Gcorg l a.
A"'"'~ .. <'A'u"~'u"stBa. &

~
~ ~ .... ~

60 00 GO 00 60 (}(l12 Savannah .. N.A.H nr<lee'sSou & Co:, rB JRdley F ertilizer Co.,

Snva UJmh.

B os t o n .

Price not; given

................ Langston & Crane, At-

Inn !a.

SesaoGlvueldl AJ~monme .o.u..i.a.t.e..d..D.i.s.-2~J 0.8118.6214.07 6.8l0.9511.901.......,34 221 Prl ce not given ....................... D. B. Hull, t:lnvannah.

Pntnpco Gua11o Com'y, Baltim ore, Jlfd.

Sillley's I. X. L . Solol!le 4.00 0. 58 "8.40 4.5512.99 2.15 ....... 40 12 50 00 GO 00 60 00 15 Augusta.... Sibley & Wheless, Au- Dickson Fertilizer Co.,

Guano .......... .... .. ...... 1

gus(a.

Augusta.

Snowd en's Cot ton Com- 11. 58 4.90 4.60 6. 75 10.25 2Al ....... 34 SO Price not given ........ ...................................................... Patnpsco Uuano Oom'y,

pound ............ .... ......... !

' Baltimore,

.....

Samana Guano has 2.87 Magnesia.

~ ....

TABLE-CoNTINUED.

., .,

.=. = .. . . '" ,.. .... ..,. ..,,. .". . . -"'" I = = " e :";; " ".,'_". .c~ 3~ aa a f 'i: '"" NAlll!S OF FEBTILJZEllS. ,; .A~IMONIATED FER'l'ILIZ ERS-Co11ti11ued. ~
0
"' " ~
------------------- ------ -- - --- - - - - - - "' ------- - -- - - ""' - - Soluble Pacific Gunno...9 15.82

.ANALYSES. PIIOsrholic .Acid.

.;

:0
~ .....

,;
:0
0rn

~~'E. :::

~~-~
c;C) l..

o<~

~p::p., E-<

6.15 4.84 2.38 7.22

.
0
8 8
3.12

..;
gj p0.,
1. 98

-;;;
Cci;
"'
0
0 32 45

Pll!OES PEE 'l'ON. 'g

:5

0

;::

c

.; ;0::

0
;;.

~g

o.. ..,-.:

c' <:.Cl

"''a!

~~

By whom nnd where sold , By or for whom insvected

and analyzed.

.;;
0
48 on

8 51; r.o

80. -~.E

-=~ f;:::

-

GO 00 12 :-;a vnnnnb.

Woods & Co.,<:lo vunn ab.l

whom and where manufactured.

....
~
~

50 00

G7 51 15 Atlnn1U ... .. Adair & Bro. , Atlantu.

""""~' ""'I 48 00 6U 00 60 00 18 Augusta ...

No pri ce J:iven

.............

...

.

A u~stu .
'IV .0ll. <un

g,

Colum

bu

s.

Pnr lfi c Guano Comp'y, Boston .

No price gi Hn

W. '!'.Cole, Grifli o.

~
<:;:.. ~

Stern's Ammoniated Su 11.59 4.67 5.98 per-Phosphate .. .........4
....... St ern' s Pure Fi no GJound 4.20 16.68 Bone ........ ..................! Stono !Soluble Gunoo...... fl .20 3.82 4.07

47 00 GO 00 00 0( 13
6.56 12.49 2.84 41 45 50 00 55 00 75 o<: 15

oo 48
50

00 00

'ii5..

69 00 15 7~ 00 15

6.32 5.32 5.fl5 ..... .. 84 72 50 00 55 00 75 00 15

4.25 8.32 3.17 1.85 35 17 46 00 70 00 70 00 15

~fa con ..... Tu rpin & Ogdeo,Macon.

Mnrlettn ... Wiut ers, Whitlock &

Co.. Marietta.

R ome....... Ilorn & o\lrv hees,Rome. Stern's Fertilizing and

Columbus.. Hoel te Lnw bon &; Co., Obemlcal Co ,N.O.,La.

c~~lnruiJUS .

Marietta ...

\\ ~;~~~~~~tt:;: hillock

&

Co.,

811'rn'R Fertilizing and ('hc lllical Cu ,N.O. ,La.

Augusta.... Printu tJ, Bro., & Pollard, Stono Phosphat r Cow ' y,

~
~
~
~

Aug usln.

Chat"letun .

Stron~'s Ammoniated Su- 16.18 2.20 7.55 3.90 11.41' 8.20 .... 40 15 5500

76 00 15 Atlanta ..... C. ll.. Stron g, Atlanta. Ll ~ te r Bros., Newnrk,

per-Pho;ph ate.... .........l SuuuysidP Ammoniated 11.58 2.75 5.66

G.85 11.50 2.00 ....... 35 95 61) 00 60 00 60 00 13

Augusta.... R. P. tiibley, Augusta.

N.J. W, \VIl.Jtlock,Baltimore.

Super-l' hosphnlr.........1 Sun l.:luano............ .. ... ...l 5.98 2.5~ ~. 25

4.00 . 7.25 2.00 ....... 26 43 Price

not given.

.................Cubhodge & Hazlehurst, Walton, Wbnnn & Co.,

W ando Fertllizer . .........l 18. 12 3.40 4.7fi 3.75 8.50 2.9;;
....... . Wntlson & Clark's ~upcr- 8.55 3.05 7.00 3.80 10.80 l.25

Sl 87 45 co 60 00 60 00 12

Mn co u .

Willulngton , Pel.

ChnJleston l.:leo. E. Gibbon , Charles- Wando .\li n ing & M'f'g

81 50 38 00 ......... ........

ton, <:l C.

Co., Churl(8tll n.

ilnvnnnah . Jas. U. West, Savann ah. New JeS 1Y Chemical

I Phosphate.................. 1
Whann 's Hawbouei:>uper- 11.82 3.HI 4 .~S

4.1 8 8.76 3.42 3.88 40 42 47 00 70 oc 70 00 10

At Pons... Clnghorn ,Ticrrlng &Co.,}

Co , Pluladelphin, Pa.

P h ospbnle... . .. . ........ .. ..2

.A U!!118t n .

Walton, Wh Hn n & Co.,

Price not given.

CuiJhcdge & Hazeburst, WJJminglon , Del.

Macon.

~

,--...

Whitlock's Vegetator . ...1 12.92 4.00, G.OO

Wilcox, nibbs & Co.'s 1 11.94 2.S.~ 7.65

2.Clll :Mnuirulatrcl Guano..... .
Zell's .Ao~'"" nitcd Bone 11.92

1
6.28

SuJlf'r-1 hosphatc.........2

J.... . ,. . . . ~.00,11.00 2.70 ....... 87 22 ~ 00 M

Augusta ... ~tbley & Wheeklos, Au- W.Whttk>Ck,Bo-lmore.

gustn.

4.86 12.00 2.85 8.10 4~ 22 55 00 TO 00 70 0016 Savannah.. Wilcox, Gibbs & Co., Sa- Wilcox. Gibbs & Oo.,

vuunnh.

f:av:ulntlnh, Ga.

8.12 9.85 2.78 ....... 33 20 55 00 .. ....... 67 60 , 1~ Augusta ... W. II; li~ward & Sou,} r. 2ll!ll & Suns, .BaltJ-

Au~u s t.o.

mere, Md.

No price gnu.

Toccoa, Gtt Yow & .Bruce, Toccoa.

u:i i7.3'9 Averag.c~ of Ammoniated 12.9j 2.!i:i, G.24'4:2'7'10.5i 2.73

$36 82 $4714 ~60 02 $6619

Fcr11hzers ..................

2.5'21 Ge!e !ti. Average;;;{-;;); .Jt ertJllztors... ... ........ ......

m~

3.001G.Gij'4.2G1io:ii7

2.76 ;f3418l$43 7ui$M 971 S62 13114.36

Calcined Marl; Moisture, 8.32; Cttustic Lime, 15.50 ; Carbonate of Lime, 45.9~; Sulphnoo of Lime, 5.10; Bone Phosphate, 10.15. Manufactured and for

sale by Ravenel & Co., Charleston, South Carolina, at $10.00 pet ton.

~

c;:,.

Two analyses of Palmetto Acid Phosphate were made. These were not averaged, because it was evident, from tlte analyses and the oppearnnce of the ~

am pies, that !bey were nottbe nmo nrli<'le; hrnre, bnlh nnalyses are publlsbcd just ::ntbey were made. The amount of Bone Phosphate, beretofote given in the tables of analyses, is omitted in this. Bone Pbopbnte ls Phosphoric Acid Rnd Lime, or Phos-

~

phate of Lime, as It exlts In !be follll of unl!n~l bones. To nsre rlalt. the Bone Ph osphate lu a fertilizer. mult iply the 11-lul Phosuhorlc Acicf by 2.183; tho result will be the total Bono Pbospbute. Ir the amilab/8 Pbospborlo Acid Is multiplted by 2.183, it will give tbe tri-calcic, or Bone Phoopbute dissoit'ed, which

~

a fertilizer conralns.

~

"' The nvernges of Afltmo>~in nnd Potash, are of those fertilizers only, in which Ammonia and Potnsb deterrn lnntious were made. They are not arerages of ~

the whole number of fertilizers In tho trndo.

The Chemical Analyaes in this Table were made by Prof, W. J. Laud, Atlanta, Ga,, Chemist of the Department of A&rricultnre for the Ana.lylis of Fertilizers.

...
.j:>..
~

[Jlkctractfrom Oircula?' No. 51, dated 28th January, 1878.]

COMPOSTING SUPERPHOSPHATES WITH HOME

MANURES.

.

When we consider the fact that the farmers of Georgia expended nearly three and a half millions dollars last sea on for fertilhr.ers, even on a cash basi , the question of the most economical mode of permanently improving our soils, and at the S!tme time prod ucing remunerative crop , is one of Yital importance to our people.
The Philosophy of Oomposting.-Stable mnnure is admitted on all sides to be a complete manure, in the sense of containing all of the nece"sary elements of plant food. 'l'here are some of the more important elements (Phosphoric Acid is the principal) which are contained in such small per centage that large quantities of the
manure must be applied in order to secure a sufficient quantity of
this essential element for the nece ities of plant sustenance. To supply thisdeficiency, superphosphate is added to the compost heap. A combination of stable manure and cotton seed, in the prop01tions recommended, supplies enough Ammonia for summer crop , lmt hardly ufficient for winter small grain, unle s applied at the rate of 400 pound per acre. The ulphate of lime contained in every superphosphate, be itles being otherwise valuable as a chemical agent, serves to fix the Ammonia generated in the progress of decomposition in the compost heap. The fermentation re-
duces the coarse material, and prepare it for the use of the plant. " Composting in the Grotmd.":.....rrhis is ad\>ocated by Prof. P en-
dleton and others, and as far as results on crops are concerned, is satisfactory, but has orne serious objections in practice. If cotton seed are usee,!, they must be put into the ground before warm weather commences, to preveut germination. Thi necessitates stirring the manure just before planting, which would risk bringing some of it to the surface, or the crop must be planted on a hard bed. Auother difficulty under the general practice in Middle and Southruu Georgia, is lhat stock would have to be taken out of the field before spring. This would be advantageous to the land, but would give the planter some inconvenience. rrhere is-no labor sa,ed by this system, but it is applied at a season of comparative leisure.
Oomposting Under 8helter.-This may usually be done on rainy day, or when the ground is too wet for the plow, so that lit.tle time ueeJ IJe lost by the roauipulation of the heap. There are two methoas practiced with equally satisfactory results :
One is to apply the different ingredient.s in successive layers, and

htraet from Circular NfJ. 5I.

145

cut down vertica.lly after a. thorough fermentation baa takeu place,

mixing well with shovel at the same time.

~

The other is to mix thoroughly the ingredients at first, and allow the mass to stand until used.
The effects of composts thus prepared fa1 exceed the indica.t.ions of analysis, and, cost considered, are truly remarkable.

.Fbrmulre jorComposting.-If the stable manure and cotton seed have been preserved under shelter, use the following:

FORMULA No !.
Stable Manure.. .... ...... ................. ................... ........ ...... ........................ ......... i60 lbs.
Cotton Seed (green)... ................... ............... .. ........................................... ...... 760 Ibe.
Acid Phoopbate or Dissol<ed Rone......... ............ ............-........................ ...... 600 lbs.
Making a ton of.................................................................... .... ......2,000 lhs

Directions for Composting.-Sprea.d under shelter a layer of sta-

ble manure four inches thick; on this sprinkle a portion of tbe

Phosphate; next spread a layer of cotton seed three inches thick ;

wet these tborougly with water, and then apply more of the Phos-

phate. "'ext pread another layer of stable manure three lncbe!:!

I

thick, and continue to repeat these layers in the above order, and

in proportion to the quantity of each used to the ton, until tbe

material is consumed. Cover the whole mass with stable manure,

or scrapings from tbe lot one or two inches thick. Allow tbe heap

to stand in this condition until a thorough fermentation takefl

place, which will require from three to six weeks, according to

circumstances, dependent upon proper degree of moisture, and tbe

strength of the materials used . When the cotton seed are ti.Jor-

oughly killed, with a sha rp hoe, or mattock, cut dow:-: vettioally

through the layer ; pulverize, and shovel into a heap, where the

fermentation will be renewed, and the compost be s.till further im-

, ,

proved. Let it lie two weeks after cutting down ; it will then be

ready for use.

'rhe following plan of mixing give equally satisfactory results:

.M:ix the cotton seed and stable manure in proper proportion, moi ten

them with water, apply the proper proportion of Phosphate, and

mix thorougllly, shoveling into a mass as prepared.

There is some advantage in this plan, from the fact that the in-

gredients are thoroughly co111mingled during fermentation .

Fon CoTTON-Apply in the opening furrow 200 pounds, and with

the planting seed 75 or 100 pounds, making in all275 or 300 pounds

per acre. If it is desired to apply a larger quantity, open furrows

the desired distance, and over them sow, broadcast, 400 pounds per

acre; bed the land, and then apply 100 pounds per acre' with the

eeetl.

10

Extract jnim Ct'rctllar No. 51.

FoR UoRN-Apply in the hill, by the side of the seed, one pint to

the hill. An additional application around the stalk, before the

first plowing, will largely increase the yield of grain.

If the compost. is to be used on worn or sandy pine lands, use

the following :

FORMULA No.2.

Stable Manure.. ........................................................... ,.............................. 700 pounds. Cotton Seed, green ..................................................................................... 700 pounds Super-Phosphate .................................... ........ . . ....:................... ............. 500 pounds. Kain!t ............ ........................ ....................... . .......................................... 100 pounds

Prepare as directed for No.1, moistening the manure and cotton seed with a solution of the Kainit instead of water. Muriate of Potash is the cheapest form in which potash can be used, but Kainit supplies it in a better form and combination.
If lot manure, or that which has been so exposed as to lose some of its fertilizing properties, is composted, use..-

FORMULA No.3. Lo~ Manure .................................................................:................. ............... 600 lbs.
Cot.ton Seed (green)............. ...... ..................................................................... 600 lbs Acl<l Phosphate, or Dissolved Bone................................................................ 600 lbll. Sulpliate of Ammonia.................................................................................... 60 lbs Kainit...................... ...................................................... ... ....................... ...... 140 lhs.
:~)laking a ton of.......... .... ..... ......................... .. .. ... ........... ..................... 2,000 lbs.

The Suiphate of Ammonia and Kainit must be dissolved in warm water, and a proportionate part of each sprinkled upon the other ingredients as the heap is prepared. Apply as directed un der No.1, to cotton and com. To wheat or oats, apply 400 or 500 pounds pe acre, broadcast, and harrow it in with the grain.

,.



INDEX.

A
Atlantic Acid Phosphate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..19 21 49 55 Ammoniated Soluble Bone, Pratt's .. .... . . . . . . .... ... .. .. 21 65 72 74 Abaco, Guano..... ... . . . . .. . ............ . ... . ....... ... 28 29 102 Atlantic Fertili:ter... . . .. ... . . ... .. . . ... ...... . : . .. . .... 45 61 129 Ammoniated Alkaline Phosphate . . .... . . . . ....... ...... . .47 54 129 Agiicultural College, State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 119 Analysis of Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . ..... 119 120 Appendix . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134 Analyses of Fertilizere. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .134

B

Branch, John L .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Burton, Robert.... .... .. ............... . .... : . . . . . . . . ....... . .18 Bale's Guano. . .. ....... .. .. . ..... . .... . : . . ... . .21 30 81 118 129 Barry's Granger Fertilizer . ......... ... . .... .. . .. .. . . . ... ....21 63 130
f Brighton, R. B., Superphosphate . ... . .. .. .. .. 14 21 78 79 80 81 91 92
Bradley's Patent Superphosphate ... . . .. . . .... . . ... 25 5/i 113 122 125 Barry's Chemical Fertilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .25 47 107 108 118 Brewer, J . C.... . ... ... .. ... . . . . . . . . . . ........ .. . . ..... ..... 27 Blue Bone Superphosphate . . ... .. .. .... .. .. . . . . . .. . 28 29 72 99 100 Bellflower, Elijah .. . .. . .... .. .. . . ... ... . .... . .... . . . ... . .. . . . .. .35 Busey's Excelsior... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..47 59 90 110 Bone Flour.. .. . ... . . . . .. ... . . .. .... .. . . . .. . .. .. .. . .. . .... . .47 Barry's Compoudd Hi-Phosphate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 107 108 Baldwi11 & Co.'s Acid Phosphate .. . . . .. . . . . . ... . ... . . . ... 62 69 105 130 Baldwin & Co.'s Ammoniated Dissolved Bone .. .... .... .. . : . .65 106 110 Bradley's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone . . . . . . ...... . ... 99 100 122 125 Bahama Soluble Guano . ..... ..... . . .. .. . . ..... . . .. ........ 21 110 130 Boswell, G. N . ...... ....... .. . . . .. . . . ........ .. . . . . . ....... .... 114
:~~;:tt:A.LT.::.:::::::.:::::::::::: ::::..:::::::::::.::.:::.:i:
Black, George S ......... . . . . . . . . . .... . . . .. .... . . . . ... .. ....... 129
I
c

Cox, J. M ........ ... . ... . ... ... . . .......... . .... . . .... .. ...... 17

I

Composts . . . . ......... .. .6 9 10 14 16 19 21 25 26 28 29 33 34 38 39 41

47 49 52 53 54 55 57 59 61 65 68 69 70 74 75 77

78 79 82 99100101103 105106 113 116117

Carter, Samuel M . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... .. 25

Corn, experiments on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 34 57 86

Cooper, J . R .. . . .. . . . .. . .. .. . ...... . ... .. . . ... . ...... . , . . . ... . .36

Carolina Fertilizer . ... . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 47 130

Cotton Compound Ammoniated Dissolved Bone .. .... 10 39 45 59 92 93

Calcined Marl .. . . .......... . . .. .. . . ... . .. . ............ .. . . ...50 57

Cotton Food .. ....... ... . ... . . .. ...... . .... . .. . ... . .. .. . ... 50 84 95

Index.
Cumberland Superphosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12 i54 65 93 113 Charleston Phosphate Flour . .... .... . ..... .9 21 43 /i/5 72 74 110 129 t:aio, George L ... .. .. . . . ..... . ..... .. .. . .. ... .. ...... . . ...... 61 Carson, J . P . . . . . . ... : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Chappell's Champion Superphosphate .... .. . . . ....... . . . ...9 86 87 !,1 ()happell' Cotton King . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Calvert Guano .... ...... .. .. .. . .... . .. . .. . ............... 90117128 Chesapeake Guano . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .... . ....... .. ...... . 12 93 128 Charleston Soluble Ph osphate . . . .. : . ....... . . ... . ... .96 111 123 126 Vary, H. H . . ........ . . . .. . .... . .. . . ..... .. .. .. . . . .. ...... .... . .111 Colquitt, W . J .... ...... . ................ . ... . . .. . . .. .. . .. . .... 128 Callaway, Joh n 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . ... . .. ... . .. . . . . .. . .. ... . .. 130 Commen ts on experiments .. ... . .. ..... . .. ...... . .. . . . . .. . . .... 131 Com posting F eni lizers, Formulre, etc ...... . ... . .. . . . . ... ..... .145
D
DobbB' Chemicals . ... . ... .... .. ... .. ....... . .... . .... . ..... .40 128 DeLeon's Complete Fertilizer ............ . . ..... ... . .. . .. . . .. .47 128 Diamond Ammoniated Dissolved Bone . .. .. ... . ....... ... . .... .49 Dickson's Compound . . ... . ........................ . . 6 /i7 63 90 111 Dugdale's AmmouiatP.d Soluble Phosphate . . . ..... . .... 65 113 ~15 129 Dennis, J. T . .. . . . ...... ...... .. .. ...... .. .... . ... ... .. . ..... . . 65 Dixon, Thomas, : , .. .. . .. . . . . . . . ... ........... . ... ..... ..... .. 6 Dickson's Acid Phosphate.... . . .. . . . .. .. .... ... .......... . . . . . .. 70 Defhmce uperphosphate . . .. ... .... .. .... . . . . ...... . ...... . .... . .72 Davis. W. A . . . . . . . . . .... .... . ... . . ... .. ...... . . .... .. . .. .. . ....87 Dozier, J . L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95 Deckuer, Charles. .. ..... .. .. . . . . . .. . ..... . .... ......... .. .. .. 104 Dick:!On's Acid Phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ... . .. .. . .. 114 Dicksmi's Diamond A Compound. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 123 125 Den t. George C. .. . . . .................. . .. . .................. 129
E
Empire Gu o.Ulo .. ... . . . .... .. .... .... 9 19 41 47 49 66 107 108 11 6 129 Everett, R. W ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .. ... ... . . .. ..... . . ~ .23 Etiwan Dissolved Bone, 24 per cent... . .. . . . ..... . . . ...... . . .... .;&5 40 Etiwan Dissolved Bone, 29 per Cdnl. ......... . . .. ... .. ..... 26 106 129 E. Frank Cue's Dissolved Hone .. . . . ................. .. 39 62 74110 &tna Ammoniated Superph osphate .. .. . ... ......... . ... ... .. . .43 130 Etiwan Guano.... . . . . . . . ..... ....... . . .. ..... .. ... . .43 59 87 129 Etiwan Dissolved Bone . ... . .......... .. ... . .. . . .... ... . ... . .16 45 66 Edenfield, E. H ... . ...... ... ....... . .... ........ . ..... . .... .. .. .49 Eun:ka Ammoniated Bone Superphosphate . ... ... 53 59 62 74 84 96 105 Edmondson, W . P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... .. ........ 54 Excellenza. Uotton Fertilizer........ . ..... ........ ...... 59 74 128129 E. Frank Coe's Gr.ound Bone . . .. . . . . . . ... ..... ... . .. ... .. .. . .. ... 72 Edgworth, S. C. .. ..... . .. ... . ... . ... .. ... . . . ...... ... . ...... . ... 83 Ellison, Wm. H ..... . . . .. . . ........ .. ... . .. . .. ....... . . . . . ... . .84 E. Frank Coe's Ammoniated Bone Superphosphate ... . . .. 12 92 102 104
107 108 130 Eagle Ammoniated Dissolved Bone. ... . .. ... .... ...... . . . .16 106 116 Eti wan Crop Food ()hemicals . . . ... ... .. . . . . ... ...... . ... .16 128 129 KrraltL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ... . .. . .. . ......... .... ... . ..... 130
F
Fodder Corn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .tl _.lo'armers' Fertilizin&" ()om pound ............ . ... . ... .. .. . {Ill 9i 99 100

lnckx.

149

Fannin, James H . ... . . . . . : .... . ...................... . . ... ..... .115

Foreman, R. L .. .... ............. .... ........ .... ........... . .116 Frederick, J. D . .... ... .... ........ . .. .......... . .. ..... . .. .. . .. 129

.

G

Gray's Fertilizing Compound. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .

00. 00 . . .

9 . . . . . . . . . .

Guanibani Guano................... . . . . .. . ... . ....... . ~ ... .18

Georgia Fertilizer . . . . 9 00 . . . . . . . . . . 00 . . . 00 . . . . . . 26 50 88 99 107 108

Guanape . . 26 28 29 47 126 00.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

12~

Georgia ~tate Grange Fertilizer .... . ... .......16 33 34 43 53 62 72 96

99 100 102 103 116

Georgia State Grange Dissolved Hone ..... . .. ........ 9 40 56 104 129

Grange Mixture, Dissolved Bone ..... : . .. .. .. ...... . .. .47 63 69 105

Grant, W. D., & Co ... ........... .. ... . . . ....................... .62

Grier, E. C . . . . . . . . . . . ............. . ....... .... . ... .. ........ ... 91

Gorman, W. R .. ....... .. . .. ... . ... . ........ . ................. 101

Georgia State Grange Acid Phosph~te . . ... ...... ... ...... 107 108 129

Glanton, J. H . ... . .. . .. .. .. ...... ........... : .. . ........... . . .. 128

H

Howard, Miss E L............ .. ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6

Homestead Superphosphate ........ .. ... . .28 29 32 1>3 97 118 122 125

Hamilton, T. A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .................. 71

Hanson, J. F ..... . .. .... ....... . ............ .. . .... . . ........ .76

Hix, William ....... . .......... ...... ......... . ..... .............. 82

l:iuie, J . M ........................ . .......... .. ..... .. . ...... .. 98

Hape, Samuel. . ..... . ... .... . . . .... . ............. ... ... ... ...... 115

Hanbury, T. E . ...... .............. .................. . ......... 129

I

Irwin, Charles B ...........................................................:............... 11 Increase Crescent Bo!le ............................................. 7 8 32 123 126

J

Jones, J . B . . ..... .. ..... .......... .. . ... ....... ... . .......... . .93 Jones, Heuben. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..................... 100 Jordan, George W........ .... ................. . .... .. ........... 105
Jenkins, W. C . ... ... ...... . . . .. . ......... .. ....... . .. . . .... .. .. 130

K

Kilgore, W. C ............ . ... . ....... . ...... . .... .. .. . ... . ..... 30 Kimbrough, T. H . ...... .... .. ... .. .............. . ... . .. ... ... 103
King, James Roswell .. .. .......................... . ..... . . ..... 110

L

Leyden's ~moniated Soluble Guano ....... 16 19 55 69 89 96 97 116 Ladd's Alkaline Fertilizer . ........................... 23 25 52 65 77 Lorentz & Ritter's Acid Phosphate... . . . . . . . . . .........33 34 &! 129 Liebig's Formula......... .. ........... ... .. 00 39 ......... 49 177 115 Latimer, J . .It.. . .................... .. .............. . .. . ...... .41
Little, James F .. ..... . ........ .. . . .. .. .........................52 Long's Dissolved Bone.......... .... ...................... .... .. 6 54 Lavender, J . S. .. ...... .... ... . ...... .... .. .. . . .. .. . . ............ 55 Lindley, J . T . ....... ...... . .. ...... . ........... .. ......... . .. . .. 64
Lorentz & Ritter's Solublto A.ml!lonlated tiuperphospbate ; . .. . . 13 70 75

'
!
Index.
Logan's Fertilizing Compound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 70 75 'V7 8~ Liebig's Ammoniated Dissolved Bon.: ........... ...... .. .. 88 128. 128 LeSueur, B............................................. . ....... 112 Long's ~repa.ted Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Little, Willis T.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 129
M
Merryma1l's Ammoniated Dissolved Bone .. 14 21 36 39 45 52 53 57 60 62 63 65 68 97 116 118 128 129
~~~~~1~.sw." c~:: ::::: : ~::.: :::;::::: ::::::.:.::::.::::::::: :.:: :~~
?rlarl, Calcined ............................................... 50 57 Montgomery, J. N . . . . . . ........... .. ............ . ......... , ....50 Merryman's Dissolved Bone...................... 6 52 53 78 79 80 81 McCrary, L. Q. C .....................................'....... .. . . ... 53 Minor's Ammoniated Superphosphate. ... . . . . ...... . ............ 56 77 Merryman's Pure Dissolved Bone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Montgomery, W. S....... . .. . . .......... . ..... .... ...... . ... .66 l1attox, H. W. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Mount Vernon Ammoniated Soluble Phosphate . ... 78 79 80 81 89 124 Matthews, Wm. F ... ... .... ................... ... .............. .94 Murray, J. B ................................................... 97 Mathis' Chemical Compound. . . . . . . . . . ... . , . . . . . ..... 9 101 103 111 Marshall, C. B .................... . .... .... .. ... ....... : .. ... . . .102 Massee, 0. J ..... . ...... , ....................................... 103 McNulty, M. A.: ......... . ...... . ............................. 104 Merryman's Acid Phosphate .............................. . ... . .. 130 McElmurray, ;James H. . . . . . . . . . ...... . ....... . ................ 130
N
National Soluble Bone, Pratt's....... .. .... . . ... 28 29 123 126 128 Navassa Cotton Mixture .................................. 35 66 111 Nickols, David........ .. ............................. .. . ....... 42 Neal, James L ......... . .... , ... ........ ....... . ........ .. . .. . . ..45 New Jersey Uhemical Co.'s Superphosphate.......... ....... ... .... 57 Newton, Willis.................... . .............................. 57 Navassa.,p.mmoniated Soluble Phosphate.............. . ... 6 65 69 117 New Haven Chemical Co.'s Ammoniated Superphosphate .. 102 123 127 Navassa Acid Phosphate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ... .. ..... 103 116 118 North, R. W . ....... .. ... ............ ........ ..... ... .. ...... 113
0
Ogletree, A ........................................ : ...... , .. .. .. 22 Ober's Soluble Ammoniated Superphos . .41 45 49 52 56 73 88 103 110 Ober's S. U. Di~solved Bone Phosphate ... . . .... ..... ..............56 Ober's Soluble Acid Phosphate. .. .... ... .. ... ......... ... ....9 68 130
p
Patapsco Soluble Guano . .......... 1.8 36 47 57 66 68 90 107 108 118 Pendleton's Ammoniated Superphosphate.......... 18 36 61 104 117 Pendl~ton's Biphosphate .... : ......... . ................... 18 36 104 PeruVIan Guano, No.1, Rectdl.ed Lobos......... 7 8 14 18 19 32 47 93
96 115 124 127 128 Pratt's Ammoniated Soluble Bone.... . ... . . . . . . . . . ......... 21 65 72 Peruvian Guano . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....................21 72 96 Peerlelill Guano.. . ............. . ............... . . . .....9 23 30 31

:;~ '
'~..:
(

Inrkx.

. ,_-~, ';

Peruvian Guano (Guanape).. .. . .... .. .'... . ...... 26 28 29. 47 123 126 Pratt's National 8oluble Bone. . ... . . ... ... ....... . :2b 29 123 126 128 Preston & Soil's Ammoniated Superphosphate.. . . . . ...... 14 30 31 35 . Potatoes, Irish, Experiments on......... . .... .................. 30
Palmetto Acid Phosphate..................... . ... : ...... 14 38 53 Peek, W. L..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ....... 40 Pendleten' Phosphate for Composting..... . . . . . . . . . ..............56
Preston & Son's Acid Phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ....... .68 82 129 Paden, M. S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .... ......... 73 Patapsco Acid Phospate ................. . .................. 86 129 Pldnter's Favorite.............................................. 129
Phillips, W.A. J ......... , .................................. 130

R
R~aves & Nichols~n's Acid Phospate .......... . . .. ................ 10 Ragsdale's Ammoniated Bone Superphosphate . .'.......... 21 54 60 113 RMves & Nicholson's Cotton Grower ........... ... .. .......... .43 52 Rhodes' A:lXlmonjated Superphosphate . . ...... . ... ... ... .. . ..... .49 92 Russell Uoe's Ammoniated'Bone Superphosphate. . ......... 1:1 112 129 Respess, J. . . . . . .... . ...... . .. .. ... .. .... _. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 118 Richardson, 'N. C . ...... ........ ................................. 128 Ragan, l:t. J .................................................. :. 128
. s

Soil Tests, directions for ..... ............. : . ....................... 3 Smith, B. C .......................... .. . . : .. ......... ...... .. 13

8terns' Pure Fine Ground Bone.. . . . . . ..................... ...... .10 Sardy's PhosphoPeruvian Guano .... . .. ... .......... ..16 19 62 101 Smith, Simeon ............ .. ... ............ ..... . ... . . . . . . ... .20

South Carolina Phosphate Flour. . . .. . ...... 9 21 43 55 72 74 110 129 Soluble Sea !~ land Guano ...... ~ ..... ............... ...... 23 82 103

:-loluble Pacific Guano ...... ........ 13 25 26 41 49 50 53 70 82 84 90 Sterns' Ammoniated Superpho~phate .. 10 12 14 26 43 53 65 74 82 84 104 Sea Fowl Guano (B. D.).. . .. ...~ ...................... 12 28 29 4ii 61

8o!uble Pacific Acid Phosphate .. ....32 72 78 79 80 81 84 103 113 117

Sibley's " 1. X~ L" ..... .. .. .'. ; . . .. . . ........... . . ... .. 32 57 99 100

Sheppard, C. C . . .......................... ..... ... ..... ... . .33 84;

Schaefer's.Ammonia.ted Dissolved Bone........... 33 34 78 79 80 81 84

.'- 8ea Gull,Ammoniated Snper~osphate .. . ..... ... .....12 13 33 34 59

Sto~~e,.Gunno ....... ..... : ............. 38 66 78 79 80 81 116

. Sa~~ oniaterl Soluble Pacific ..................... . ... 38 40 60

Stono A . osphate . .. . .... .. ...... .... ...... . ... . . .6 38 45 54 84

Raman'< i'anu.,. ;, ..... . ..... ..... , .. ........ . . . . .. ' . . . .. 41 52 128

8tron~'s _moniated Superphosphate ... ... ... .......... . .. .10 43 93

:: . ::::-::::::::::::.:: :: ::::.::::::::: Sardy s Aeid Phosphate. ........... .... . ... .... ... .. .43 75 104 110

~~:~=~:*~........~.

::!~

Sunn.vside A,mmoniatetl Superphosphate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Sturgis, A. E ............... .. .. ..... ...... ... .. . .... ....... ..... 56 Snowden's Soluble Phosphate .. .................... : .... . ...... 60 92 Speight, Thomas E ................ . ...... ........ . . ...... .... .. .. 60

South Carolina Acid Phosphate ...................................61 Stallworth, Thomas H ................... ... . . ............... . .... 77 liltatesberry, Peter . ..... . .. ... ............... .. ................85 86 Searcy, "fl. H .. .... : ... . .................... . ...... ..... ....... .. 89

Sun Guano .... ... .: . .................... ... . .. .......... 1:39 111 114 Spinks, H. C.. .... ... ..... .. ..... : ...... . ...... . ...... .. ......... 89

II~~~~~~~ID~~~~~ni~I~U~~~~Ill
3 2108 05732 5378
Ind~z.
Studstill, William .................... . .................... . ... ... 91 Ser~o. B. N... . ......................... . ... .. ........... .106 107 Srr.tth, .Jubilee ... ............ . .................................. 114 State A.gricultnral College- ... ... .. .... .......... ........ . .. ..... .. 119
T
Tarver, A. E ............ . .................. . ..................... d Thornton , F. P .......... .. ................ ....... ... ..... ... : .... 69 Tutner, John .... . ............... .. ........ ............ ........ .109 l'aylor, P. E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... 11S
w
Ware. J. B ......................... ... .. ..... ... ................ 11
fVard, M. B .... ................................................ 12 Wilcox & Gibbl!' Manipulated Gn;lno .. : ......... 19 90 97 116 118 128 Whann' Haw Hon<' Superphosphate............ 12 13 30 31 5il :J4 57
78 79 80 81 88 97 128 Watson~~ Clark's Superphosphate .............. ..... :12 '3- 57 66 84 Wando Fertilizer. ... .. ........ . ........ . .... ..... 35 43 71! 77 95 128 Wimrerly, F . D.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 36 Wando .~cid Phosph~te ........................................59 65 Wi11i:lms, B. W.... ... ... . ....... . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... .'ill
Wbitloca's Vegetator ... . ....................... ..... f':l.......... 114 wn~ ,m ..Jnme5 l\I....................... ... ...................... 1i7
Wi: ri ltl. John T ............................................... 129
Zell'~ Atnlll(mi:\tt>d Bone Superph'ls pi11Lie .... . ..... .... 9 L6 18 1)3 130 Zdl's Ootton Acid Pphospbate ............................ 93 123 1211