Georgia achievements, opportunities: what the empire state of the south has done and what she offers you [1916]

GEeRGIA
ACHIEVEMENTS OPPORTUNITIES
WHAT THE EMPIRE STATE OF THE SOUTH HAS DONE AND WHAT SHE OFFERS YOU
FACTS FOR THE BUSY MAN WHO WANTS TO KNOW
PUBLISHED BY THE
GEORGIA STATE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
JAMES D. PRICE, COMMISSIONER DECEMBER, 1916
SERIAL No. 70
PUBLISHED QUARTERLY
ENTERED IN ATLANTA, GA .. AS SECOND.CLASS MATTER, OCTOBER 7. IgOO
UNDER ACT OF JUNE e. I gOO

THE IDEAL COMBINATION
PRESENTED IN
GEORGIA
SAYS GOVERNOR HARRIS
State of Georgia, Executive Department, Atlanta.
Georgia i still maintaining her claim to be the Empire State of the outh.
Her agricultural products have increa ed bvch in extent and variety in the la t few year 'with wonderful rapidity.
Large quantities of her area, heretofore l.ulimproved, have been brought into cultivation and the production outrun the improvement.
In the development of her manufactures also he i taking a high stand, utilizing her water power by applying them through the agency of electricity to her innumerable indu trial plants throughout the State, ettling the que tion of location and bringing the manufacturer to the very door of the agricultural producer.
Thi i the ideal combination for a great State.

State Capitol, November 24, 1916.


Governor.

J. D. PRICE. CommJssion of Agriculture. Georgia.

TO THOSE WHO WOULD KNOW
GEORGIA
LET ME SAY:
In presenting to you fact about Georgia of Today, the land of happiness and hospitality, situated in a latitude that affords the mo t delightful of all climates, we want to tell you briefly why the home- eeker may well stop and con ider the opportunities that are offered him here.
The network of railroad that traver e the tat, the fI ecy cotton fields, the grain field , the animal indu try, the hum of the pindle in all the different manufacturing e tabli hment , together with the productive oils, Urni h rare opportunitie for inve tor and home-seeker.
A we Georgian advance along the thre hold of the greates"t agricultural era we have ever known, having in the la t few year implified cientific re arch to uch an extent that the farmer have put science into practice and injected bu ine I olicie into their operation, we have tartled not only the people of OUT own tate, but the people of the entire Nation are wondering at the great po ibilitie that Georgia i offering.
The financial condition of our bank, our manufacturer and our farmer i an index of the tidal wave of pro perity that i within our border, and I want to tell the world, in fulfillment of a parting duty, what Georgia ha done and i doing for her own people, and what he can and will do for other if they will come and give her a chance. That, briefly, is the object of this little booklet.
j. D. PRICE,
ommis ioner of Agriculture of Georgia.
5

GEORGIA AS A ~ORN STATE.
1, Section of Georgia Boys' Corn Club exnlblt at the Southeastern Fall'. 2. Corn over 12 feet high on Mrs. H. L. Judd's farm, near Oao<on. 3. "" Iller F d,'m, Wellston, 100 bushels to the acre, 4. Some of the Georgia Corn Club Boys at Southeastern Fall'.
G

o IIGEORGIA - TODAY HI brief story i to begin with tbe Georgia of today.

Re uIt and achievement are what the homeseeker and

.

investor want to know about.

"What opportunitie do you offer?" is the

,

que tion he a k. We propo e to answer it.

What Georgia ha done and is doing to-

day are the thing he i going to inquire into a a pI' cedent to inve ting hi money,

brain and energy in her future.

Thi booklet propo e to tell, not in

g neralities merely, but in specific facts.

lIistorically one of the olde t States,

modern Georgia i one of the newest. one offer greater variety in re ource or in climatic condition favorable to agricultural growth.

Two year ago Governor Harris aid: "There is a great deal of

money in Georgia-more than at any other time in her history, per-

hap. "

Today, with 20-cent cotton and the highest prices known for farm

and manufactured products, Georgia ha nearly doubled the cash money then on hand.

Thi i a fact to which doubled-up bank depo it all over Georgia el-

oquently testify.

Georgia ha begun earnestly and determinedly to get away from

a single money crop, and. i today making more beef, pork, grain, hay, truck and fruit than ever before in her history.

THESE INVITE AND WELCOME YOU TO GEORGIA.

Cotton, which Georgia grows better than any other tate in the bIt, i fa t becoming all profit-just "pure velvet."

Georgia, with 59,475 square miles, i the largest State east of the Missi sippi River. It is 320 miles from her northern to her outhern border, and 254 miles across the tate from east to we t.
Georgia's population, a~cording to government cen u figures of July 1, 1915, i 2, 16,2 9, an increa e of more than 600,000 ince the cen u of 1900, or more than 100,000 each year.

Georgia rural population is approximately 2,355,000, while living in cities of more than 8,000, are about 460,000,

White population is increasing far more rapidly than that of the

negroes.

.

.Georgia ha 152 counties, each a di tinct political unit. County pop-
ulatIOns vary from 000 to 250,000 for Fulton in which i located Atlanta, the capital city of the tate.

First in Peaches Second in Cotton

Federal cen u figure put Georgia fourth among all the agricultural tate, She is first in peaches and sweet potatoes; second in cotton, sugar cane, and peanuts;

third in watermelon and cantaloupe, ninth in corn, and tenth in wine.

The total e timated value of Georgia's farm products for 1916, is

'233,034,400, an increa e of more than 51,000000 over 1915, and nearly

$ 0,000,000 more than 1914.

The 1916 Georgia cotton crop alone is worth more than $140,000,-

000; her corn is worth $40,000,000 more; wheat, oats, rye and hay will

bring her $12,000,000 more; fruits have brought her $5,000,000, and potatoes a like amount; her meat will bring $6,000,000, poultry and egg

$7,000,000 and milk, butter and cream 10,000,000. Other farm prod-

ucts uch a cane, peanut, tobacco, pecan, watermelon, cantaloupe, vegetables and other will carry the total sum even beyond the total

e timate, probably to a round quarter of a billion.

Georgia offers particular opportunitie in that home consumption of

food product far outweigh production. he consumes 8,000,000 bushels more of wheat every year than he grow; and yet winter wheat can be

made and followed with another profitable crop the same year on the

same land.

The same is true of corn and wheat and hay of nearly all vegetable

and other food crop of meat and many thing con umed at home.

FINE YIELD OF HAY ON A GEORGIA FARM
.9

IN GEORGIA COTTON FIELDS.
1. Green cotton, 10 feet high. 2. Middle Georgia cotton, open, two bales to the acre. 3. "Mammy and plckanlnny" out picking. 4. Thls Laurens County field made three bales to the acre.
9

Georgia needs more people to make more things to supply the home demand.

Georgia' average temperature is 57 degrees Fahrenheit in the extreme northern section, and 67 degrees in the southern. The lowest normal monthly temperature is 40 degree in extreme winter.

Between sea level on the coa t and her 4,000 feet of altitude in th

Blue Ridge mountain chain to the north are orne seven varieties of

agricultural climate.

'

Climate That Makes

On her southern border O'row many sub-tropical plant :lnd fruits; in

Two Crops a Year

her northern area flourish winter ap-

ple and the hardier grain. Between

these extremes, there grows every variety of temperate zone product.

Georgia's average annual rainfall, varying from 45 to 60 inche , i approximately 50 inch,e .

limate and rainfall bere are conducive to 'uccessful agriculture and good health, according to the nited tates Weather Bureau, perhaps more 0 than in any other southern tate.
In the middle and southern section of Georgia two and even sometimes three crop are made upon the same Ian 1 within a twelvemonth. Authentic record of this achievement are abundant.

Georgia ha approximately 5,000 manufacturing establishments in which are inve ted $260,000,000, and the value of their annual production is equal to or greater than the investment.

In mineral resources Georgia i one of the wealthiest of all the tates. There are millions in them, developed and undeveloped.

'('here are coal and iron in h l' mountain to serve generations. Agriculturally, and in manufactures and minerals, Georgia would be selfsupporti.ng with many tim her pre ent populati.on, if she were effectually closed to communication ,,,,ith all the world.

. Georgia ha a coast line of 170 mile upon which are located three splendid ports, Savannah, Brun wick and St. Mary's all with deep water and handling an. annual commerce of many millions.

Georgia's banks, Georgia' railroad, her chools and colleges and many other factors in her rapid growth, pro perity and progress will all be briefly herein toucbed upon for tho e who want to K.. OW.

But better than general facts, impres, ive though they are, will be the statement that fo]]o\\'s of pecific individual achievement upon Georgia farms. orne of which rea 1 like Aladdin romances; hut the cloth that rubbed the lamp was energy, O'rit and determination. and wealth flowed in re ponse.

]0

GEORGIA A GROWING CATTLE STATE.
1. Prize-winning Herefords, Southeastern Fair. 2. Famous Georgia-owned Hereford bull. 3. A record mllk-pro:lu~er. 4. Also a Georgia citizen. 5. Ponies and silO on Georgia farm.
11

I DIVIDUAL RECORDS

U DREDS of individual farmers, begin-

ning with no capital but their energy and

determination, have demonstrated that

farm land in Georgia will upport a fam-

ily in comfort, and at the arne time, pay

for it elf within a few years.

rrhe detailed story of Georgia's ag-

ricultural growth i rich in uch instance

and in other remarkable individual achievement .

Here are a few of them, cho en from many;

W.

hepard, of Fort Valley, came to Georgia

What a Chicago from hicago in 1901, purcha ed 454 acres, a umed

Man Did.

a debt of $7,500. Eight y ars later he wrote, "1

have paid that debt, purchased over $2,500 of live tock and farm implements, have built barn and house, worth over

'2,000. 1 live a well as 1 could a k to live anywhere in the world, and

it has all come out of the proceed of my plantation."

Paid for Itself in Three Years.

J. B. Hunter of palding ounty, who ha a large family, bought 6 acre sev n year ago at 33 an acre. The farm supported hi family in comfort

and paid for itself in three year. He now has a

splendid paying property. Diver ification and rotation of crops ex-

plain it.

W. B. Richardson, of Baldwin County, tarted a a Started as a day laborer aved and bought a mall piece of land.

Day Laborer. and gradually added more from hi profits. He now

advances 15,000 a year to other farmer. He plant

a general crop but make a pecialty of corn.

H. M. Peeble, of Swainsboro, tells his own

Seventy-Five Acres tory: ' 1 married seven year ago and bought

and Two Mules.

a farm which I have worked out and paid for.

The farm i a mall one of 75 acres with 55 acre cleared, which I cultivated with two mule. I am not an all-
cotton farmer, a I alway rai e plenty of supplie to run my farm and feed ~or my stock and alway have ome meat and lard for ale."

John M. Mc lellan, of Whitfield County,

Seventeen-year-old Boy ha earned a farm of his own, though he is

Earns a Farm.

only seventeen year old. H lives at home

with his father, and till goe to chool, but

takes his tock of milk to hi cu tomers every morning, works hi

land and tends hi cattle. At the tart he borrowed m ey to buy an

old mule, traded that for a cow saved hi milk earning, and bought

more cow. In two year he had aved $1,000 which, with $500

he borrowed from a bank, he paid for an 80-acre farm adjoining his

father's land. His milk sales now average $100 a month.

12

GEORGIA GRAIN AND FORAGE.
1. The Silo Is a Rapidly Incr'!aslng Georgia Institution.
2. Georgia Wheat. 3. In a Hay Field.
Dan J. Baker, of Colquitt County, thirty years of Young Farmer's age, began farming ten year ago with no capital. Good Record. His farming ha been sufficiently profitable to Eln-
able him to purcha e a 500-acre farm, on which he runs eleven plow. This year he grew 200 bales of cotton, 50 tons of hay, 2 acres of sweet potatoes, from which he expects to hip one carload and use the balance for hog feed. In addition to upplying cream to the creamery at Moultrie from 25 cows, he will be able to sell to a packing company 100 head of hogs thi winter and 15 beeves next spring.
J. Gid Morris, at Belmont Farm, near Smyrna in Gets Yield of Cobb County, gets an annual yield of $300 an acre, $300 Per Acre. growing two bountiful crops a year by intensive cul-
tivation carried to its extreme limit. This, of course, is an exceptional example of intensive methods.
13

Georgia is famous for sweet potatoes, and Three Hundred Bushels the average yield i greater than any othel' Sweet Potatoes to Acre. tate in the Union. J. G. Thoma, of Bald-
win County, makes a much a 300 bushel to the acre, and on ground which he ays would not make half a bale of cotton. L. C. Oliver, on the Chatham and Effingham County line, gets $250 an acre from a double crop of potatoe , Irish followed by sweets.

Alfalfa hay brings from $20 to $25 a ton. John

Three Tons of

Moore, n ar Macon, made three ton. of al-

Alfalfa. to An Acre. falfa per acre in 1915, despite the drouth. C.

W. Fowler, of Cobb County, made $72.50 in

1915 from millet and cowpea hay on one and a half acres of land.

Oats and Sweet Potatoes Double Money Crop.

Oats, followed by sweet potatoes, are making money for E. L. Wade, of Laurens ounty. Hi net profits from 15 acres in 1915 were $1,672.50.

J. J. Wilder, of Cordele, is the largest producer
of bee and honey in the outh. Mr. Wilder A Fortune in Bees. find it impossible to upply the demand for
honey, and gets good money for all he makes. In one week he shipped three carloads, each carload bringing him $1,000.

Anna Dorothy i the name of a thoroughbred

Single Cow Yields cow whose milk bring 2 a day to her owner,

$2 Per Day.

E. P. Wood, of Sander ville. he has a record of

56 pounds of milk in a day. "he average 40

pounds, or five gallons, which i sold at ten cent a quart in the local

market.

orghum cane i a luxuriant crop in at lea t

Acre Yields 250

half of the tate. H. L. Wade, of Coweta

Gallons of Cane Syrup. ounty, grow it exten ively, and u. es a

ga oline engine for grinding. He makes

250 to 275 gallon of yrup from an acre of cane, and ells it from 45

cents to 60 cent a gallon.

Tom Whatley, of Helena, rai ed an average of 61 A Great Corn- bu hel of corn to the acre on 40 acr in 1915, at Raising Record. a co t of 21 cents a bushel. A f w of the e acre
made between 95 and 100 bu h 1 ach. He broke hi land well in the fall, turning under a small crop of cowpea. No fertilizer wa used in planting, but 200 pound wa added when the corn wa about 12 inche high and when it wa larger orne 75 or 100 pounds of nitrate per acre was added.

14

IN GEORGIA COTTON FIELDS.
IN GEORGIA COTTON FIELDS
W ITH cotton oaring to 20 cent a pound at the clo e of 1916, the highe t price inc the ivil War, it i predicted it will go till higher at the termination of the European conflict. While cotton ha always been Georgia's foremo t money crop, the State is growing more and more of grain and meats. and other food , and cotton i rapidly becoming pure profit.
otton i ucce fully grown in all but ten or twelve of the mountain countie of the tate; and the crop of lint and eed bring anywhere from '125 000,000 to 200 000,000 annually, d pending upon the size of the crop and market price.
The 1916 crop of omething around 1,500,000 bale will bring a much or more than the 1911 record crop of 2,76 ,627 bales when the average price wa below 10 cents a pound. The 1916 crop will likewi e, exceed in mon y value the 1915 production of 1,90 ,673 bales.
About half of Georgia cultivated area, or between 5 000 000 and 6,000 000 acre, i annually planted in cotton. Planting take place from March 15 to May 1, "hile picking begin in Augu t and extend almost to hri tma, with October and ovember a the he~vie t months. The yield is forced through the u e of fertilizer .
15

In her coa t counties Georgia po e es more than half the world area where ea I land or long staple cotton i succe fully grown. Used for making fine lace, thin fabric and imitation ilk, it is highly prized, and in 1916 brought anywhere from 30 cent to 50 cent a pound. Georgia make from 40,000 to 75,000 bale of this product annually.
Application of cientific methods ha greatly increa ed the p I' acre yield. Many Georgia farmer now make a bale of cotton and often more, to each acre.

otton eed, once thrown away or allowed to rot' for fertilizer now form the ba i of one of Georgia' foremost industrie. orne 175 cotton eed oil mill now turn out annually more than $20,000,000 worth of oil, m al and hulls.

'otton eed old in G orgia thi year a high a ~55 aud $60 P I' ton, while the meal u ed as a fertilizer and for tock feed, after th oil i extracted brought
'35 a ton and often more.

Mrs. W. W. Monk, of Worth County, farmer, who won the three foremost agricultural prizes at the first Southeastern Fair.

Ranking fourth in th manufacture of cotton, with only

'[a achu ett, orth and outh arolina leading her, Georgia has 169

cotton fabric and textile mill with 2,24 310 pindle con uming ap-

proximately 600,000 bale of otton every year. '[ore than one-third

of the 1916 crop ,vill be manufactured within th tate.

At the Forefront in Corn and Grain

Georgia will produce this year 63 945,000 bu hel of corn, or about one million bu hels Ie than in 1915, but worth eleven cent more per bushel.

About 4,000 000 acre are given to corn, and till production fallhort of home con umption requirement

16

Th yield per acr ha grown lowly but urely largely uu to the Boy , Corn Club movement, fo t red and encouraged both by Federal and tate agen ie .
It i e timated that a a direct re ult of the corn club movement, in which oJUe 10,000 boy participate in every county in the tat the value of Georgia's annual corn yield ha . been in I' a d in th la t eight year by more than $25,000,000.
In a ingle year as many a 5 of the e boy hav grown more than 100 bu. hel of corn on an acre, with the top re or 1 in one ca e of 217 bu hel. .
With a production of 17,64 ,000 bu hel of oat in 1915, a yield almo t doubled in three year GeorO'ia till fall omewhat hort of meeting home deman 1. bout 00,000 acre are planted in oat.
Although Georgia grow around 1,700,000 bu hel of a hiO'h gra 1 wheat a i harve ted in the Wet, he till fall .ome ,000,000 bu hel hort of producing at home nough to meet d mand. of annual con umption.
From ry , grown in the mountain countie hiefly.a few Georgia farmer make good profit on an annual produ tion around 125,000 bu hel.,
Ric planting i. pl'ofitabl.. Georgia i the ixth tate in rice production, with an av rage annual produ tion around 100 000 bu hel , although much larger crop. have been made, Rice ha been profitably grown inland a well a on the coa t. Production in the tate i far short of yearly need .
._------------------!!!! Georgia likewi e import hay while making 350,000 ton of it.
Through the ucce. ful cultivation of alfalfa, Georgia" forage yield i'
ONE WAGON LOAD OF COTTON HAULED TO MARKET OVER SANDCLAY ROADS.
17

being rapidly increa ed. It ha yielded five annual cuttings with ix
and a half ton. Other hay rop are clover, cultivated gra e, cow
pea, velvet bean. and the like. There i good money in hay at $15 a ton on the farm.

There i exceptional opportunity for the exp rt tobacco grower. With only 2,000 a re in tobacco cultivation there are at lea t 100,000
capable of ucce inl tobacco growth. The 1916 yield i approximately 1 500,000 pound, chiefly of hade grown tobacco which bring any\Vh re from 25 to 40 cent a pound with a net return of 125 to 150 per acre.

Genuine Georgia cane yrup, unri alled a it i ha an international reputation. econd only to Loui iana, Georgia make $2,500,000 worth of ugar cane product annually, at a plendid profit per acre, running often to '300.
m the la ten u year Georgia mad on 37,0,1,6 acre, 317460 tona
of ugar and 5,553 520 gallon of yrup, not including orghum, from which wa mad, the ame year, thr e-quarter of a million gallon. more.

Ideal Opportunity

Georgia buy some $10,000.000 worth of vegetables a year, more than half her

for Truck Farmers annual con umption, notwith tanding
every pound, p ck or bu hel of them

ould be grown to perfection on Georgia oil.

Opportunitie are abundant for the expert truckman. We make
1,000000 bu hel of Iri h potatoe , and then import 1,500,000 bu hel more.

With a. crop thi year of 075,000 bu hel of weet potatoe there will be no failure of upply to meet the home demand for thi. product but it is one of the extr m ly few of which enough is made.

But Georgia could l' adily u orne 400,000 bu hel more of hom grown onion, for h import that many nearly every year. Y t Georgia oil will mak a much a 200 bu hel to the acre.

high as 500 an acre ha been made from homegrown tomatoe , and $200 to $300 i not uncommon. anning tomato i inexpen ive and profitable.

Georgia buy enormou ly of cucumber and bean grown in other tate, although home grower have made a high a. $250 an acre from them. Also cabbage.

The a paragu indu try around Mar hallville and in other ection ba only beO'un to flouri h. ome 25,000 ca e of canned a paragu are now hipped annually at good profit.
orne twenty-five or thirty oth l' varieties of garden vegetables are in good demand ov l' the .. tate, u ually far in exces of the home upply. pinach, kale, b et carrot cauliflower, quash lettuce, egg plant, collard and many other may be grown at good profit.
If more Georgia farmer would give their time and attention to crop of thi ort rather than devoting their whole attention to cotton. their per a re profit might be anywhere from three to ten time what they have been in the recent pa t.

1

GEORGIA GARDEN TRUCK.
6
1. Georgia-grown celery. 2. Some fancy egg plant. 3. Cauliflower. 4. A Georgia cabbage field. 5. A prize tomato cluster. 6 Giant Georgia ya.ms. 7. A prolific potato patch.
19

GEORGIA FRUITS
~ EORGIA peache , internationally famous, have made ~ Georgia's pre tige a a fruit State, with the a ist-
ance of the watermelon and the cantaloupe. 'rhe apple is de tined to play an equally important part.
Peach growing is succe ful in many Georgia sections. The middle southwe tern counties, just below Macon, are mo t prolific in yield.
Peache are al 0 grown succe fully throughout the central and northern portions of the State.
Fifty years ago there were only a few small peach orchard near .Augu ta; in 1912, the record peach year, 7,157 refrigerated carloads were hipped to more than lOa different market . The crop varie with weather conditions. The 1916 crop was about 3,600 cars, and the fruit sold all the way from $1.50 to $2.50 per crate, most of it right at the orchards. Growers figure the industry profitable if they can make one good crop in three years. There are more than 10,000,000 peach trees in Georgia, in commercial orchards. Principal varieties hipped to outside markets are the Carman, Hiley Belle, Georgia Belle, Early Rose, Uneeda, Green bol'o and Elberta. The Georgia Fruit Exchange, a co-operative organization of growers, acts as agent in properly marketing the crop. There is much northern and eastern capital invested in Georgia peach and apple orchards now in succe sful operation. There are single orchards with as many a a quarter of a million trees. Georgia apples have taken prizes at fairs and fruit exhibitions throu~hout the United Sta~e in .competition with those from Oregon, Washmgton, ew York, Ml ourl and other famed apple section.
-'
PLOWING BY GASOLINE POWER ON BIG TROUP COUNTY FARM.
20

GEORGIA PEACH INDUSTRY.

In an Ide a I Georgia peach orchard.

The pic kin g season requires rapid work.

Brought In fro m the orchard ready for packing.
A luscious basket.
21

There are now approximately 2,000,000 apple trees in the tate, with an annual yield of some 3,500,000 bushels. Varieties found to produce the be t result in Georgia are the Red June, Yellow Tran parent, Kinnard, Red Astrachan, Duche of Oldenburg Rome B auty, Wine ap, Grimes' Golden, Wealthy and Black 'l'wig.
Pear, plum, cherries and quince have proven profitable in many sections of Georgia, and many grow them commercially.
Georgia strawberries, highly cultivated have brought a much as $2,000 gro per acre; and yet the yield fall far hort of home d mand. carcely more than 1,500 acre are devoted to trawberrie and raspberrie. They offer opportunity for profitable inve tment.
Fortune have been made in Georgia watermelon and cantaloupe, yielding return of anywhere from $100 to 500 an acre, d pending upon quality and market condition .
Thousand of carload of watermelon -Georgia Rattl nake McGuire, Kolb Gem and Tom Wat on-and of Rocky Ford and Pink Meat cantaloupe, are shipped annually to northern and ea tern markets, where they find ready taker at good price. They are grown ucce fully in mo t ection of the tate.
Georgia pecan are now selling in the retail market in the tate all the way from 35 cents to one dollar a pound. They will average 50 cent to 60 c n a pound.
carcely thought of or con idered a 'scor of year ago, there i. now $15,000,000 inve ted in Georgia pecan groves' practically all are highly cultivated paper hell varietie. Many Georgia grove are now netting 100 an acre annually and ome of them everal time that amount.
There is a single Frot cher pecan tree at airo Ga., that bring. the owner, J. B. Wight, $100 every year.
A YOUNG PECAN GROVE NEAR McRAE, GEORGIA,
22

MONEY IN APPLES AND WATERMELONS.
1. Apple display fro m North Geor gia at Southeastern Fair.
3. Georgia watermelons I ike these are in de mand the country over.
g
The pecan louri he almost anywhere in Georgia, but the be t 1'0 ult have been obtained in the outhwe tern or Flint River ection. In many in tance familie owninO' mall pecan groves are driving their entire support from them.
23

A NEW MONEY CROP
HE peanut d 'erv pecial mention in any umming up of Georgia agricultural growth, a it i rapidly becomino- one of the tate important monev crop .
Thi indu try i comparatively n w in Georo-ia, and no exact figur are available on the 1916 crop, but the p anut acreage of the State, which wa 160000 acre in 1910 ha more than doubled and i etimated at omewhere in the neighborhood of 350,000 acr .
E timating 35 bu hel to the acre, which is a low averag ,th 1916 crop i about 12250,000 bu hel . Peanut are now bringing. 1 per bu hel. It i po ible to make 75 or 100 bu hel per acre.
There is unlimited opportunity for development . along thi line a the oil and climate in nearly all part of Georgia are ideal for peanut o-rowth. The importanc of th p anut crop lie in the fact that peanut oil ha become a valuable commodity a a ubstitute for olive oil and is also extremely valuable in mixing with cotton eed oil to increase the value of the latter. The cotton e d oil mill of the tate are buying all the peanut offered, and a number of new mill have been c tabli. hed for peanut cru hing alone. P anut. are proportionately cheaper to rai e and harve t than cotton. and ar b coming an important factor in crop div l' ification,
SHIPPING SCENES, SAVANNAH
24

Prolific pea. nut s grown by Thomas J. Steed, of Marion County, who made more than 75 bushels to the acre.

as in the past cotton ha been practically the only standard money

crop in the South. Peanuts are also planted extensively for fattening hogs.

In addition to the nuts, peanut hay, which hould yield one ton to the acre, is declared by the United States Department of Agriculture

to be almo t equal to the best clover, while the by-products of the

peanut meal, after the oil i cru hed out, are a valuable a cotton eed

meal for cattle feed and fertilizer.

'.

HARBOR, SAVANNAH, GEORGIA.
25

THE CATTLE I DUSTRY

ERY Georgia farmer who appreciates not only

the po ibilitie in it, but the practical nece ity

for it, is devoting hi att(;';ltion more and mor~

to live tock.

From an in ignifi ant by-product, which it

once wa live tock ha become an e ential le-

ment on the w ll-conduct d farm, and though

on mall I' cale a yet, i proving a valuable

a ca h product a cotton.

Three packing plant at Ioultrie, tlanta

and State boro, are no'lv working full tim laughtering Georgia

beeve and hog chiefly for home con umption; two other packing

plant have b en projected and will hortly be erected.

The e plant have made a quick ca h market for beeves and hogs;

and with the encouragement thu offered, GeorO'ia farmer are not

only gro"\ving mol' and better meat, but they are u inO' blooded tock

and working along cientific line .

Georgia soil and climate are peculiarly adapted to growing stock

feed be ide which there are thou and upon thou ands of acre of

open range, upon which, in the outhern ection, cattle are turned out

for the entire twelve months. Even in the northern ection cattle have

to be fed only about two month in the year.

Hundred Million in

The live tock indu try in Georgia today repre ent more than $1.9,-

Georgia Live Stock 000,000, increa ed a it ha been by
recent importation of high class reg-

i tered cattle uch a horthorn, Hereford , HoI t in and Red Polled.

The arne i true of wine.

The three pa king plant operating in G orgia now lauO'hter an-

nually about 100000 Georgia hog and 50,000 beeve .

But with all this Georgia continues to import more meat than she

make. It-take some 6,000,000 pounds every month to upply the def-

icit, though thi i gradually decrea ing. At today' meat price farm-

er are realizing the opportunitie , and growing more and more of

it at O'ood profit.

There i money in Georgia dairying as the growth of it demon-

trate . orne 400,000 cow. are upplying Georgia with $ ,000,000

26

GEORGIA HOGS YIELD BIG PROFIT.
1. Colquitt Durocs In alfalfa field. 2. A prize winner at South eastern Fair. 3. " U n c I e Billy's" prize hog. 4. The kid can easily handle the "mulefoot" boar. 5. Thoroughbred Poland China, Dalton, Ga.
worth of butter and milk yearly; till we are importing butter from Tenne ee and other tate, while chee e-making i practically unknown.
Development of the ilo, with well-pre erved n ilage of corn, or corn and orghum, produced at about '2 per ton and the u e of cotton eed meal, make feeding an ea y and comparatively inexpen ive problem.
27

The Department of Agriculture i rendering ine timable service

in the uppression of cattle di ea e. Elimination of the cattle tick,

or Texa fever, i being rapidl brought about through tate and

Federal agencie. Under trict in pection and condemnation, tub rcu-

10 i in cattle ha practically di appeared from the tate altogether.

State Aids in

The tate it elf upplie erum for the cure and prevention of hog cholera, and fur-

Stock Industry ni he veterinary ervice wherever needed.
More and more cientific attention i being

given to the breeding of h?r e and mule for farm a well a city

ervice. There are many farm where the e ar rai ed, and ready and

profitable ale i found in Atlanta, famou a the econd mule market

in the United tate. Many thou and of hor e ana mule have heen

purcha ed here by agent of the Allie for ervice in the European war.

Although Georgia rank today a the eighth wool-producing. tate

in the Union, little i heard of the heep indu try. There are a few

con iderable flock in the State but the indu try ha received nothing

like the attention it merit .

Poultry is reported on 5 per cent of Georgia farm. 1any grow it

at a good profit, and yet Georgia import the majority of the chicken

and egg con umed by her people.

GEORGIA TOBACCO, GROWN UNDER SHADE, IS A FAMOUS AND VALUABLE MONEYMAKING CROP.
2

IN GEORGIA PACKING HOUSES.
Thousands of Georgia hogs (1) and beeves (2) are ann u a I I Y slaughtered In the plants of the White Provision Co., Atlanta;
Moultrie Packing Co., Moultrie, and the new packing p I ant at S t a tesboro, Bulloch Co.
Georgia clover make the finest hone in the world, but bee are amonO' the n glected indu trie. It total value today i perhap not more than 200,000.
Two larO'e and compreh n ive fair are held in Georgia each year, th tate Fair in Macon, under the au pice of the tat Agricultural
ociety, and the outhea tern Fair, in Atlanta, directed by a pecial a ociation, and in which are hown the be t of agricultural, indu trial and live tock product from the ntir outhea t.
Grand ircuit race made their appearance at the outhea tern Fair in 1916, and will be an annual feature from thi tinle on.
W ll-attended county fair are held annually in about one-third of th countie of the tate.
29

HOW THE STATE HELPS
o farmer call on Georgia in vain. If he want
advice about any crop if his cattle need attention, if he want to know the quality of the fertilizer he is u ing if hi fruit tree need cientific care, if he want to know the particular crop and eed varietie with which his land will yield the be t results, he ha only to apply to the tate Department of Agriculture. or one of it bran he or to one of the other variou agencies maintained for hi advantage, uch a th State ollege of Agricultme, and the pecial a i tance he need i a,t once forthcoming.
'I'he original duty of the tat Department of Agricultme wa the in pection of fertilizers for the protection of the farmer. Although thi ha grown into a highly pecialized and exten ive feature, where in pection fee not only pay the expen e of it, but upply fund enough for the annual upport of eleven di trict agricultural chools, the department now devot s itself to many other important line of agricultmal and horticultural activity.
In pection for public protection ha been ext nded'to illuminatinrY oils and ga olene, which are required to meet certain tests before the can be old. Mi representation i a misdemeanor and the con umer get ju t what he pays for.
An exten ive chemical laboratory with a tate chemi t and eight a sistants, and an laborate inspection y tem and ervice are maintained to protect the public in the quality of fertilizer, oils and foods of all kind.
It is a function of a division of the department, created within recent year , to see that every food and feed product and all drug sold in Georgia meet required tandards of pmity; and misrepresentation and fal e branding of uch product are rigorously and everely dealt with.
Through the pure food department the consuming public i protected in the grade and quality of all food and drugs. E pecial attention i given to the quality of milk and dairy products. The farmer is also especially afeguarded in the matter of upplies for stock a. well as for per onal con umption.
Following the demon trated value of the u e of nitrogen-forming bacteria, for the better growing of leguminou crop, the Department
30

GEORGIA EXPERIMENT STATION.
D

Old style and modern silos. Modern horse barn. The Georgia Experiment Station, Experiment, Ga., Is solving many problems for
Georgia farmers. Here are modern sanitary barns built of concrete.
31

of Agriculture is furni hing it

put in a special laboratory for manufacturing to Georgia farmers at 25 cent per acre, or the

cit~

and t of

manufacture.

Co-operation b tween the department and the farmer in the mark ting of farm product ha brought ome plendid re ult. The department acts, in 0 far a is pos ible, a a market bureau, a i ting both the producer and th con umer, bringing them together wherever opportunity offer. There i room for exten iv development in this work, and careful tudy i being given it.

Entomology Board

any million have been aved to agricultur and horticulture through the

has Saved Millions

activitie of th 'tate Department of Entomology. Perfect peaches and oth-

er fruit are gro,Hl only through th careful u e of proper pray and

the uppre ion of in ect and fungu pt.

Th re i complete co-operation between the Entomological Department and the fruit grower in this important work, as there i aloin the ca e of cotton production; and through thi clepartment's work the enemie of the cotton plant-in fact of all growing life-have been kept down to a minimum.

Although the Mexican cotton boll weevil ha invaded Georgia and pread acro the tate it de tru tivene in Georgia ha b en Ie than that in any oth l' otton tate becau e Georgia wa prepared for it through the effective work done by thi d partment.

Georgia i making O'ood cotton ven in weevil-infe ted countie in pite of the pe t j and, moreover the farmers are pro pering becal1 e they have turned their attention more and more to food and forage crop -to diver ification and rotation-con erving the oil and at the ame time enjoyinO' profitable production.

The Georgia Experim nt tation, at Ex-
Special Station for periment, near Griffin, supplies GeorExperiment Work gia .farmer with much valuable info~
matIon, the re ult of careful experI-

ment conducted altogether upon Georgia oil.

The tation compri e 220 acre and i upported chiefly by the annual appropriation of 30000 from the Federal government, given for agricultural re earch work. J. D. Price, pre ent Commi ioner of Agriculture, take charge of the tation as it director on January 1 1917, having been elected by the board of tru tee. a ucce or to Director R. J. H. DeLoach, who goes to other field .

The tation is a plendid property and well equipped. It is engaged in the olution of important agri ultural problem uch a proper animal nutrition, the u e of cotton eed meal a. a tock food, dairy inve tigation methods of curing complete effiCIency from. the u e of fertilizer. , the pre ervation of cane yrup and many other thrng in addition to plant adaptability and acreage yield.

Th ,tate ollege of Agriculture at Athen de igned primarily for the mor{' cientific in truction of the farmer ha also proven a helpful

32

MODERN MACHINERY ON THE FARM.
The top picture shows the old way of ploughing, and
No. 2 shows Georg I a s up-to-date method.
(4) A gasoline truck full of hay.
(5) Wholesale ploughing by gasoline.
33

agency through the attainment of unu ual and often extraordinary results in farm experimentation.

The college po e es 1,100 acre upon which every variety of experimentation is conducted in all the available line. of agriculture, horticulture and animal husbandry, with an e pecial view to howing Georgia farmer how to increa e their yield.

Agricultural Colleges

The State College has achieved invaluable re ults in the matter of in-

Increase Farm Yield tensive farming, and as a con e-
quence of it work not a few Georgia

farmer are now getting yield of two and often three time more per

acre than formerl~', The advice of it expert in every branch i free

to the farmers of the tate for the a king.

Intimately a ociated with the activitie of the 'tate ollege of Agriculture, i the farmer ' co-op rative demonstration work, maintained by the nited tate Department of Agriculture, for the benefit of all farmer of the State; and the work is carried, through local representative , into every Georgia county.

What will grow best on my soil1 What kind of seed shall I plant ~ What fertilizers, and to what xtent shall I u e them 1 How can I kill the e bu~s or top that di ea e 1 What kin 1 of cattle hall I buy 1 How hall I feed them 1

Any farmer in GeorO'ia may a k the e and anyone of a hundred other que tion of one or all of the. e variou helpful agencie -the Department of l!riculture and it. various branches the State ollege, the U. . Farm Demon tration Bureau-and get all the information and in truction be d ire. or need a to how he hould proc ed.

Th re has been no more helpful agency in building agricultural interest and getting bett l' results, than that which brought about th organization of the Boy , Corn Club , with a member hip of 10,000 country boy, the Girl 'CanninO' lub, with mol' than 3,000 girl, th Boy. Pig lub, and the Boys' and Girl' Poultry lub.

There are county agent for the as istance of men and boy in three-fourth of the ountie of the tate. and about half a many for the work of women and girl.. Thi work i largely maintained by Federal agency and upport.

Nothing, more than thi agency, ha ever timulated agriculture so much along healthful and profitable line. It ha brought Georgia more production of the right ort, a. is abundantly shown in the annual exhibitions in Atlanta of the corn pig. poultry and canned good, made and put up by the boys and girls of Georgia.

Good farm lanel may till be bought in Georgia for as low a 10 per acre. ome of it, the riche t and be t in location, and under inten ive cultivation, i worth as much a 50, $75 and even 100 an acre.
34

FARMS A D FARM VALUES
I I 1910 there 'were 291,027 individual farms in Georgia. O the e ,768 were operated by their owner, while 190,9 0 0 were worked by tenant. Other were conducted by manager . At the same rate o increase, there are probably 325,000 individual farms in the State today, ranging from 2 to 3 acre up to " 1,000 acres and more.
O Georgia s 59,475 square mile, all but 540 are high and dry land, and the swamp are being rapidly reclaimed. In thi are some 34,000,000 acre o cultivable land, only 12,29 ,017 a re o which are cleared and under cultivation. This i an increa e o 50 per cent in thirty year .
Fully 75 per cent o all Georgia farm are under 100 acre ; it i the day o the small farm coupled with inten ive cultivation. Approximately 125,000 o the e farms are under 50 acres.
The average value per farm, throughout the State is more than $2,000, while the pre ent approximate inve tment in farm lands, implements, m'achinery and live tock, i around $650,000,000.
Good agricultural land may be had in G orgia all the way rom $10 to $100 per acre, depending upon quality, improvement and location. Unimproved lands may b had 01' even Ie ; once cleared, these may often be worked 01' everal years without fertilization.
. othing has been more remarkable than the growth in value o Georgia farm land, following demonstrated productivity. 'lillion. o acre in the southern ection, after the turpentine and timber had been taken from them, were sold a quarter o a century ago, from 25 cent to one dollar an acre. 'l'oday $25 i about a little a will buy an acre o thi land, while much o it will bring up to 100 and ome even $200, depending on location and tate o cultivation.
The inve tor in Georgia land is a ae a the man who buy government bond and urer o a profit.
HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT NEAR AUGUSTA, GEORGIA.
35

AN' EDUCATIO AL CENTER
EDUCA'IIO ALLY, Georgia provides every po ible facility for her boys and girls. The total annual fund raised for educational purpo e in the State is $ ,313,791.54-the exact amount provided for 1915 -of which 6,406,071 goes into common chool.
The tate it elf contributes 2,550,000 a year to common school, and, in addition, provide a maintenance fund for the eleven district agricultural school, the State College of Agriculture and the University of Georgia and its various branche .
There isn't an excu e for any boy or girl in the tate not to get a thorough education, and just the kind of education he or he want.
Practically every city in Georgia, forty Georgia countie and many rural district over the State, supplement the State appropriation for common chools by local taxation. 'l'hi ha enabled them to lengthen their school term from five months up to ight or nine.
The State has ju t adopted a compul ory education law, which will re ult thi year in a large increa e in school attendance.
The State Univer ity.at Athens, associated with which is the State College of Agriculture, tands at the head of the higher educational ystem.
The Georgia chool of Technology in Atlanta, one of the branche has given to the country hundreds of men who now hold high po itions in the technical and manufacturing world.
At Milledgeville i the Georgia ormal and Industrial College for young women, alway crowded to its capacity.
Other branche of the tate Univer ity include the orth Georgia Agricultural ollege at Dahlonega, the State ormal School at Athens, where hundreds of teachers are trained for ervice in the State, the South Georgia Normal and Industrial College for girls at Valdosta and the State Medical ollege at Augu tao
There are eleven di trict agricultural schools for both sexes ill which agricultural and home economics training predominates.
The State also maintains and supports a school for the deaf at Cave Spring, and an Academy for the Blind at Macon.
In the matter of denominational in titutions of higher learning, Georgia is far advanced. The Bapti ts, Methodists and Pre byterian , all have splendid institutions for women.
The Baptists maintain Mercer Univer ity at Macon, the Methodists, Emory University at Oxford, which i just expanding into Greater Emory in Atlanta, with many college branches, including the Atlanta Medical College, and the Presbyterians have just refounded old Oglethorpe University at Silver Lake, nine miles from Atlanta.
With these institutions and many others of a more private nature, Georgia's educational equipment undoubtedly surpasses that of any
36

SOME SPLENDID SCHOOL BUILDINGS.
~.""---~~--~--IIIII!I!!~-_.
High School, Savannah, Georgia.
H Igl1> SchoOl, Bainbridge, Georgia.

Industrial High School, Columbus, Georgia.
A few examples of Georgia's numerous and well-constructed high school buildings which dot the State. Many high schools are found close to rural communities.
other southern State, recent advanced development pointing to her as the educational center of the South.
Activities of the Georgia State Board of Health, for the protection of the public health, have been extended into every county in the State. There are local health boards and authorities which are cordially co-operating with the State Board.
37

TRANSPORTATION- MARKETS
FEW tate in the nion enjoy such tran portation facilitie, hipping rate and marketing advantage a Georgia. Of the State 152 countie , 146 have raih'oads. A p rfect n twork of rail cover the State, connecting every city and town and almo t every village and totalling in mileage 7,290 miles, which i more in proportion to area than any tate outh of Virginia.
rfen important trunk lines connect Georgia with the cities and market~ not only of the orth and Ea t but the Middle Wet and We t a well, by the most lirect and advantageou routes.
Trunk lines entering and traver ing Georgia are Atlantic Coast Line, outhern Railway, eaboard Air Line, Atlanta, Birmingham & Atlantic, Loui ville & a hville, ashville, hattanooga & t. Loui , Atlanta & West Point, Georgia outhern & Florida, Central of Georgia, and Georgia Railroad.
There are 1 500 tation which are hipping point in Georgia. Georgia hipper today enjoy the low t freight rates in the outh, and all freight and expres rate are fixed and regulated by an active State Railroad Commi ion. The Railroad Commis ion, in addition exer i e public utility function , e tabli hing pecial commodity rate on vegetable and fruit and aiding producer in other ways to market their product. Railroad and express companies are al 0 rendering . pl ndid aid along imilar line through their market bureau a are th G orgia Fruit Ex hange tate College of Agri ultur , Georgia hamb I' of Commerce and the tate Department of Agriculture.
STONE MOUNTAIN, DeKALB COUNTY. The largest single block of granite In the world. This Is the northern view. Ex-
tensive quarries are on the eastern and southern sides.
38

GEORGIA MA UFACTURES

GEORGIA i the greate t manufacturing tate in the South and i rapidly becoming one of the foren:ost in th.e Un~on. The total value of the product of GeorgIa textIle mIll alone in 1915 i e timated by Commi ioner of Labor H. nf. Stanley
at over '70,000,000 while the total value of all manufactured product

for 1915 i close to $250,000 000.

T xtile mill come fir t in Georgia manufacture" On January 1, 1916 the number of t xtil mills in GeorO'ia wa 166, with a combined' capital of $4 , 49 232.73. '1'he number of spindle wa. 22- ,310, and
of loom 43, 64. There were 11 0 3,966 knitting machines and 457
ewing machine. The raw material u ed annually i about $40,000,000. They pay annually about $10,000,000 to wage earn 1'., practically all
of whom are white people, and about $1,300,000 in salaries to offic 1'.

and clerk. They u approximately 90000 hoI' epower,
and turn out annually orne 500 000,000 yards of clo h, ':1:,000 000 dozen of ho e and 500,000 dozen of kni.tt d Imderwear, totalling in value over 70-
000,000, a tated above. otton oil
mill and

fer til i-

z e I' f a c-

torie come

next in

i. m pOl' t-

ance. On

Jan. 1, 1916,

G ol'O'ia had

1

otton

oil mill

with capital

A GEORGIA COTTON MILL. The Sibley Mills near Augusta.

and inve tment of '14 120,000, and manufactured product for the preceding year to the value of $2 ,149,59 .

Fertilizer plant totalled 260, with capital inve tment of $41,200," 000, and manufactured product to the value of $20,950,6 0.

Georgia i one of the leading tates in lumber and naval stores There are 1 00,000 awmiU in the tate, cutting annually about one billion feet, valued at $25 000 000.

About 24000,000 out of G orgia total 3-1: 000,000 acre are in forest embracing more kind of wood than are grown in any other
tate except Florida, and of which the principal are long and hort leaf pine, poplar cypre oak, hickory and other hardwoods.

39

Pine Timber a

Pine is the mo t important as commercial timber, the long leaf pine

Big Georgia Product region covering today some 17,000
quare mile and containing, it is es-

timated, over twenty billion feet of merchantable timber.

It is to the exten ive pine fore t that Georgia owe her prominence
in naval tore turpentine and 1'0 in. The total annual value i about $7,000,000.

The foundry, machine and general repair hop in Georgia for the year ending December 31,1915 and including work in iron steel. bra , copper and tin, totalled 1 5 e tabli hm nt , with capital of $10,410,4 , value of raw material to the amount of $3,0 3,000 and turning out manufactured product worth 6 203 106.

The e tabli hment that manufacttll'e bri k, tile, ewer piping and cla product number 130, with apital of $3,951, 91, and manufactured product worth annually $1 571 700.

Georgia marble and granite are the finest produced on the American continent, and have furni hed the material for orne of the fin t National and tate building in the nion. The marble and granite quarrie and marble yard of the tate total 105 e tablisbment , with a capital of $3,150,000 and annual produ ts worth $2,3 0,000.

There are ixty e tabli bment in Georgia turning out buggie" carriages and wagon v6th capital of ,'3,000,000, u ing raw material to the value of $1,346,000, with fini hed product valu d at $2,200,000.

Many

Opportunities

Tanner and manufacturer of leather good hav 37 e, tablishment , 'lith

in Manufacturing

capital of $2,565.000, and product. valued annually at $2,500000,

There are 195 flour and gri t mill , with capital of $2,900,000, and annual product worth $ ,350,000.

Georgia' printing and new paper plant number 4 00, with capital above $230000,000 and fini hed product worth $235000000 annually.

Among other manufacturing enterpri es carried on ucce, fully in eorgia are: AO'ricultural implement paper boxes bakery product, confectionery car and hop construction, clothing, wooden ware, furniture, mattre ,e drugs and patent medicine slaughtering and meat packing, tobacco and cigar metal products, and a ho t of other.

The opportunitie offered manufacturing enterpri e in Georgia are un urpa sed anywhere in the world. Cheap and unlimited upplie of raw material are available, coupled with be t railroad and hipping facilities, and cheap and abundant power furni hed by tbe tremendou hydro-electric d velopment in "ariou part of the State.
pecial information to anyone who wi he to inve tigate Georgia', manufacturing opportunitie will be gladly furni hed on reque t by the Georgia Department of Agriculture, State Capitol, tlanta. Ga.

40

MI ES A D FORESTS
GEORGlA. i today producing 23 different kind of minerals in ~ommercia~ 9-uantiti~s of tota~ ~nnual. value running well mto the illlilion , while the unlimIted mmeral and mining re. ource of the tate which have not yet been touched at all afford a rich field for development.
Indeed, there are very few minerals of wide commercial u e which are not found in Georgia. The principal minerals already being mined in commercial quantities are clay, marble, granite, iron, coal, baryte , lime tone, mica, mangane e, bauxite, a be to ,cement gold, graphite, corundum, ocher, pyrite, copper, late, talc and sand tone.
The greate t clay indu trie in the whol nitecl States are in central Georgia, with a combined annual value of over $2,000,000. The clay bed are inexhau tible.
Georgia marble rank with the mo t beautiful in the world, and i shipped in large quantities to almo t every tate in the Union for decoration and con truction purpose. Marble production runs to $1,000,000 a year. The Corcoran Art Gallery at Wa. hington, the New York tock Exchange, the Bo ton Federal Building the Royal Bank of anada at Montreal, and many other public buildings are of Georgia marble.
Georgia is the eventh State in the output of granite. No granite in America is better known or more widely used than that which comes from Stone Mountain, the large t monolith of its kind in the world, and from Lithonia, both in the neighborhood of Atlanta. Granite production goe as high annually a $1,000,000.
A SOUTH GEORGIA TURPENTINE STILL. The naval stores-turpentine and rosin-Industry flourishes in Georgia to the extent
of $7,000,000 a year.
41

Iron ore production has gone as high as $ 37,102, and coal produc-

tion ha been a high a $600,000.

The European war stimulated the mining of mica, feldspar and

baryte , and a company with '250,000 i ucce fully pro ecuting this

indu try. Georgia i to Jay producing more baryte' than any other

tate in the Union.

Among the preciou tones which have been found in Georgia in

connection with the mining of gold and corundum, are the diamond,

true ruby, beryl, garn t, amethy t, 1'0 e quartz, agate, ja per, opal and

moonstone.

.

'l'he service of the Georgia tate Geological Department are alway

at the command of tho intere ted in mining and kindred indu trie .

Georgia's Vast

bout 60 per cent of the area of Georgia i still wooded and while ome of it

Timber Resources

ha been everely cut it will probably average 5,000 feet board mea ure per

acre at the present tim , making the total stand of timber about ] 15

billion feet.

Accor ling to the 1910 government census there were in thi State

2,0 3 active saw mill which cut 1,345,349,000 feet of lumber, valued

at over $17,000000.

Long leaf pine, short leaf pine, oak, cedar, cypres , poplar are the

most important tree. Georgia ha more different pecie of tree

than any other State in the nion except Florida. Pine make up 40

per cent, oak 20 per cent, and other tree 40 per cent. 'l'here i enough

cypre s in Georgia to shingle every hou e in the tate of ew York.

Georgia a Leader

Georgia, with its already magnificent network of good road , will be the :fir t

in Road Building

tate in the Union to take advantage of the new Federal appropriation to aid

in roadbuilding.

nder the Federal Aid Act of ongre , Georgia get $2,000 000

during the next five year to aid in this work and the program he ha

outlined contemplate the spending in addition of orne '6,000,000 of

her own money.

The Federal appropriation, of which Georgia gets $134 000 the

fir t year, i conditioned on th pI' entation to Washington of a defi-

nite program of what i to be done with the money, and Georgia'

plans have been pre ented before tho e of any other State.

By a bill pas ed by the tate Legislature in 1916, Georgia ha a

tate IIighway ommi. ion whi h co-operate with the individual

countie in road work. Thi commi ion is compo ed of the three mem-

ber of the Pri on ommis. ion, the tate GeoloO'i t, and the profe -

ors of civil engineering from the niver ity of Georgia an I the Geor-

gia School of Technology.

Georgia work practically all of her convict on public road and

the system ha proven a ucce s in every way. Of the 7000 convict

now in Georgia, fully 6000 are .engaged in road builcling work. The

co t of their maintenance i about $2,500,000 .annually, and it i e ti-

mated that the work they do i annually worth more than $5,000000.

42

HAS MANY MAGNIFICENT ROADS.

(2) Hard sandclay r 0 a d through pines -T'homas Co,

(1) Famous shell road In Chatham County,

(3) Sand-clay road In Muscogee County near Columbus.
And all this work i going forward in a State which already hal:! plendid road, It is e timated that Georgia ha today approximately 5,000 miles of public road , of which over 20,000 are already paved with sand clay, and several thousand paved with macadam, chert, stone or gravel.
Since 190 , when the convict road-building y tem wa adopted, Georgia ha made greater progre than any other tate in the outh. The U. S. Good Road Bureau of the Department of Agriculture has called attention to thi fact, and the y tem is giving Georgia a plendid network of highways through all part of the State.
43

BUSINESS AND FINANCE

GEORGIA., becau 'e of it central location, it railroad and port' i the leading bu ine State of the outhea t. Atlanta, the geographical, financial and railroad center of the dates in the outhea tern group, i the sout.hern headquarters for practically all the big northern and ea tern corporations, in urance ag ncie and manufacturing oncel'll operating in thi ection.

tlanta i also the head of the outh' whole ale and retail merchandi ing.

During the I'd. t ten y ar Georgia' productivene in a bu ine and manufacturing way. ha more than doubled, while the capital available through bank to handle thi increa e ha more than trebled.

The railroad headquarter for all the territory between the Ohio, Potomac and Mi i ippi River are centered in Georgia.

The port of Georgia are among the bu ie t of the Atlantic seaboard.

This mean that the whole current of trade in outh a tern territory flow into and out of Georgia.

The combined advantages of available capital, hipping rate and natural re ources make Georgia the ideal location alike for the manufacturer and merchant.

avannah, Brun wick, Darien and t. Mary s are the four Georgia eaport which handle exten ive foreign and dome tic commerce.

avannah, with foreign import amounting to over $6.000,000 annually and foreign export of between '100,000,000 and . 150 000 000, i the large t port on the Atlantic eaboard outh of Baltimore.

The other three port are al 0 among the mo t active on th oa t.

The credit of Georgia a a tate. and of Georgia' individual COUlltie , cities and town tand so high and i maintained on so ound a ba i that it ha b en over and over again ref 1'1' d to by the greate t

financier of merica a a model y t m.

Georgia's Credit on Solid Basis

hen thi. wa pnt to th aeid t t by the big refun ling bond i ue in 1915. it wa di cover I that few tate in the nion coul(] borrow money 011 nch

advantageou term a Georgia.

Economically thi tate i not m l' ly pro p rou , but i onnd to

the core.

Total aggregate value of taxable property in G orgia for 1916 amount to '954,125707, or practically one billion dollar.

The State total out tanding bonded debt i. only $6 540000 back of which is the We tern & Atlantic Railroad, an income-bearing property belonging entirely to the State and worth over $15,000,000.

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This llle.lnS, that taking into consideration all bonded indebtedness, the State government of Georgia is not merely sound and solvent, but can actually point to a handsome balance on the CREDIT SIDE of the ledger.

The credit of individual countie and communities is as jealously O'uarded a that of the State by a clause in the State Constitution pro-

hibiting the issuance of bonds above 7 per cent of the taxable value,

and the inve tor is further protected by trict laws on bond validation.

Generous Aid is

Generou aid, under legitimate circum tance, to the farmer and mer-

Given The Farmer chant make the banking in titutions of
Georgia a powerful factor in the

progre of the tate. With a liberal policy toward agriculture and

bu ine ,the bank are characterized by a con ervative oundness that

make banl: failure an almo t unheard-of rarity.

Georgia s 114 National banks con titute a eries of financial insti-

tution ranked among the trongest in the world, and for aid in the

movement of crop and imilar purpo es their a i tance i ready and

available to the full limit of good credit.

The number of Georgia '8 State bank which are un ler trict u-

pervision and ubject to tate examination y ar]y, is 692. Tbey have

ucce fully carried the Georgia farmer and merchant through every

financial cri i the countr ha known.

Georgia al 0 ba one of the twelve Federal Re erve or ' Regional bank e tabli hed under the national currency law. It is lo-

cated in Atlanta and. erve the territory of the ixth re erve di -

trict, including Georgia,

labama, Florida, and part of

Loui iana, ii. is. ippi and

Tellnes ee. ince its establi 11-

ment in 19]4 it ha proven

of ine timable value to the ec-

tion.

STATE CAPITOL, ATLANTA, GA.
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Tax Rate

L

d
Imlte

Georgia tax rate, limited ,y the Con titution to 5 mill or $5 un ach

by the Constitution $1000, and actually fixed today by

. the State Tax olllmi ion at $4.50

per $1,000, is below the average of other tate and con titute a light

burden equitably.di tributed among all cla e of property holder.

Property i generally taxed at 60 per cent of it market value, and a

recent tax equalization law give promi e of further materially reduc-

ing the rate.

Georgia farm land is regarded by inve tor as splendid security for
liberal loans, and farmers have no difficulty in obtaining money on rea onable terms.

There inver a time when an honest farmer i unable to aet the
money he need for making hi crop or for improving or extending hi farm facilitie .

Ten of the largest in urance, tru t and bonding companie~ which have loans in Georgia aggregating between $15,000,000 and $20000,000 have placed more than 60 per cent of the amount on farm lands.

Georgia Cities are Prosperous

tlanta, avannah. Augu ta and Macon are the four principal citie of Georgia, ranging in ize a follow tlanta. 200,000 inhabitant: avannah 70,000' Auau ta, 55,000,

and '[aeon, 45,000.

Other thriving and important cities are Columbu with over 20,OO~; Waycros. with over 1 ,000; Athen, with 17,000; Rome, with over 14.000; Brun wick, with 11,000; Valdosta. with 10,000; Al-
bany, with about 10,000, and Americu with over ,000.

There are 12 pro perous town ,vith more than 1,000 inhabitant each and several hundred malleI' ub tantial and rapidly growing town .

Practically all the communitie of 1,000 and over enjoy electric light and power and other public utilitie .

Georgia "'ill furni h ideal. port for hunter an 1 fisherman for year and probably generations to come, a the plendid. tock of game in which the ction naturally abound i protected by a model game law, which has behind it an fficient department and trong public . entiment backing its enforc ment.

Among the varietie of game which may be l:ill d in eason in Georgia are quail or partridge wild turkey woodcock, doves, grou e and phea ant, duck, deer squirrels, o'possums, and occasional bear.

The already d veloped hydro-electric
Georgia's Hydro- power in Georgia today total over 200,-

Electric Power

000 hoI' epower, while the available undeveloped power i limitle. It has

been con ervatively e timated at ov l' 1,000.000. Of the available un-

dev loped power 'in the tat orne 325,000 hoI' epower is already

owned by hydro-electric companie which have active plans for its

development.

46

RIVERS AND HARBORS.
(1) River steamboats on the Chatta~ooche, which go from Columbus to the Gulf.
(2) Extensive naval stores docks at Columbus.
(3) Loading cross-ties for foreign shipment on wharf at Savannah.
Thi mean that Georgia today not only ha ample and inexpensive power for all the manufacturing nt rpri es it now ha and tho e which may be expected to come in the n ar future, but that it ha. ready more than ample power re ourc s to make Georgia the peer of the world as a manufacturing center.
The power plant already in operation are widely distributed throughout the State, while teel tower transmi , ion line carrying this power to all principal citie , to many towns and to manufacturing plant all over the tate render it available in unlinIited quantities to every section.
The largest ingle development i at Tallulah Fall which generates 96,000 horsepower and can generate more than double that amount,
47

while others are located around Atlanta, Columbu , Macon, Augu ta

and other point.

Prosper.lty Shown

The automobile is an important institution in Georgia, made more so by the con truc-

in Automobiles

tion ,of every good road. T?-ere are ap-

,

proXllllately 60,000 of them ill the tate,

according to e timates of the ecretary of tate, who e department has

thi year i ued licen e to 47,310. Approximately half of them are

used in the country and on the farm. Many thousands of them have

been purcha ed by farmer ince eptember following the making of

good crop, and will appear upon next year's official record. Georgia

accords the arne right and privileges to automobili ts from other

State, that are accorded by tho e tate to Georgia. Automobili t

are allowed to pa s through, if they have complied with the laws of

their own State. Their licen e number are good in Georgia, just a

long as a Georgia licen e i good in their tate, the period ranging

from even to sixty day .

WRITE FOR INFORMATION.
For any desired information about opportunitie in Georgia in any indu trial or agricultural line write to the following:
State Department of Agriculture, Atlanta, Ga. Georgia Chamber of ommerce, tlanta, Ga.
tate College of Agriculture, then, Ga. Atlanta hamber of Commerce, Atlanta, Ga., or the Chamber of ommerce at avannah Macon Auau ta, olumbu Rome or of any city in the tate.

COTTON MILL, GRIFFIN, GA.
Complied and Edited by LEWISSEABROOK COMPANY,
Atlanta, Ga.
48