ADVANTAGES

.. .OF...

GEORGIA

For those Desiring Homes

7?r;-4 l G-4 VI /(4 '

in a Genial Climate ~/V' c-JL:

Prepared Under the Direction of 0. B. Stevens, Commissioner of Agriculture
... BY ...
JOSEPH T. DERRY,
Historian and Statistician
AND
R. F. WRIGHT,
Assistant Commissioner of Agriculture
Mutual Publishing Co., Atl anta, Ga .

J. T . DERRY, Histori a n a nd Stat isti cian.

'.

R. F . WRIGHT, Assistant Commissi.oner of Ag?ictt lture



STATE HOUSE OFFICERS

JOSEPH M. TERRELL, GoveTnO?',
JOHN C. HART, Attorney-General.
WM. A. WRIGHT, Comptrolle?-General.
ROBT. E. PARK, Treasuter.
PHILIP COOK,
Sec1etary at State.
SAMUEL W. HARRIS, Adjutant-General.
WM. B. MERRITT, State School Commissione1.
0. B. STEVENS, Commissioner of AgricttltU1e.
R. F. WRIGHT, Asst. Com. of Agricultu r e.

JNO. M. McCANDLESS. State Chemist.
WILMON NEWELL Entomologist.
DR. W. C. BRYANT, State Oil InspectoT.
W. S. YEATES, Geologist.
JUDGE WELLBORN, State Libra1ian,
JNO. W. LINDSAY, Pension Commissione1.
Pri son Commission, JOS. S. TURNER. ChaiTman. CLEMENT A. EVANS, THOMAS EASON.
RailToad Commission, J. PO.PE BROWN, Chairman. JOSEPH M. BROWN, H. WARNER HILL.

SUPREME COURT

THOMAS J . SIMMONS, Chief Justice. WM. H. FISH, Presiding Justice . ANDREW J. COBB , Associate Justice.

JOHN S. CANDLER, Associate Jttstice. JOSEPH R. LAMAR, Associate Justice . HENRY G TURNER, Associate Justice.

SUPERIOR COURT

Ci?'Cltits.

Juclges.

Solicito?'s.

Albany Circuit .. . . . .. .. . . ..... . . . . W. N. SPENCE . . . ... . ...... . . . . W . E . WOOTEN.

Atlanta Circuit ...... . . . ... .......... J. H . LUMPKIN ..... .... . .. .. .. C. D. 'HILL.

Atlantic Circuit

........... . t'AUL E. SEABROOK . . ....... LIVINGSTON KENNAN .

Augusta Circuit ..... . ..... . ..... .. HENRY C. HAMMOND ... . . .... J. S. REYNOLDS.

lllue Ridge Circuit ..... . .. . ..... ... .'1EO. F. GOBER ......... . .... . . B. F. SIMPSON.

Bru nsw ick Circuit ... . ..... ......... T. A. PARKER ... . ... . .... . ... JOHN W. BENNETT.

Chattahoochee CiTcuit .. .... . . .. . .. . W. B. BUTT ........... . . . . . ... S. PRICE GILBERT.

Cherokee Circui t . . ......... .. ..... A. W. FITE ....... . . .. ......... SAM P. MADDOX.

Coweta Circuit ...................... R. A. FREEMAN .. ........ ... .. H. A. HALLS.

Eastern Circuit ... . . . .. . . .. . ...... . .GEO. T . CANN

... . ........ W. W. OSBORNE.

Flint Circuit . . .... .. . . ...... ~ .. . .. E. J. REAGAN .. . ... . ........ . . 0. H . B. BLOODWORTH.

Macon Circuit .. . .... .. . ... ... . .. . ..W. H . FELTON, JR. ... ..... . ... WM. BRUNSON.

Middl e Circuit ........... . .......... A. F. DALEY .... . ... . .... . .... B . T. RAWLINGS.

Northeastern Circui t .... . .... . . . .. W. T . KIMSEY ............ .. . .. W. A. CHARTERS.

North em Circuit ...... ... .. . ....... HORACE M. HOLDEN .......... DAVID H. POTTLE.

Ocmulgee Circuit .. . . . . . .. ...... . ... H. G. LEWIS . ........ . . . .. . . . .. J. F. DeLACY.

Oconee Circuit .... . . . ......... . .... D. M. ROBERTS . .............. J. A. LAING.

Pata ula Circuit .... .. ........... . .. H. C. SHEFFIELD .. . ........ .. . MOSES WRIGHT.

Rome Circui t ..... ... .. . ....... . .. . W. M. HENRY ... . .... . . . . ..... W. E. THOMAS.

South ern Circuit .... . ... . .. .. . . ... R. G. MITCHELL . ... . ......... FRANK A. HOOPER.
Southwestern Circuit . . .. . ..... . .... z. A. LITTLEJOHN . .. .. . ..... W. T . KIMSEY.

Stone Mountain Circuit .. . . ... ... .. .L. S. ROAN ....... .... .... . . . . . . W. K. FIELDER.

T3illapoosa Circuit

........ . .. . A. L. BAR'l'LETT . . ...... . ... . . C. H. BRAND.

Western CiTcuit . ... . . . . ... . ....... R. B. RUSSELL ..... . .. ... .. . . .

GOVERNOR JOSEPH M. TERRELL.

RON . 0 . B. STEVENS, Commissione1 of A gTiCt~ltu1e .

Georgia's Resources and Advantages
PART I.
GEORGIA AS A WHOLE
Geor oia, t he last sett led of the original thirtee n S ta tes, which un ited under the Federal Constitution to fo rm t he A merican Union, is the greatest in area of all the States east of the Mississipp i river.
At the time of th e fir st ng lish se ttlement at Savan nah in 1733, it embraced the terri to ry between th e Savannah and Altamaha riv ers, but a t the close of the French and Indian wa r its boundari es were ex te nd ~ d to the Mississippi on the west and to latitude 31 degre es and the St. Mary's river on the south and still lat er to 30 degrees 2 r m inutes and 30 se conds on the south. O ut of her western lands ceded to the Unit ed States in 1802 w ere form ed th e larger parts of the States of Alabama and Mississippi.
During th e wa r for I nd epe nden ce, Georgia, the youngest and feeblest of the coloni es, bore her full propor tion of hardship and danger and was nobly illustrated in the fi eld by such ga llant so ldi ers as Elijah Clark e, Jam es Ja ckson, J ohn D ooly, Samuel Elbert, J ohn Twiggs, Wm. Few, Lachlan Mcintosh and others, and in the forum by Lyman Hall, Button Gwi nnett, George Walton, Archibald Bulloch, Abraham Baldwin and many more.
In th e war of 181 2 her so ns, und er ()eneral J ohn Floyd, won di stinction in the campaigns und er A ndrew Jackson against the Ind ia n allies of the British. In the Mexican war she was nobly illus tra te d by Col. Wm. H. T. Walker, sorely wounded at Chapultepec and Colonel Jam es Mcintosh, kill ed at Mo lino del Key.
In the war bet ween the States, Georg ia furni shed to th e Co nfede rate cause ninety-fo ur regim ents and thirty-six battalion s, em bra cing ev'ery arm of the service. Many of th e most brilliant officers of the S outhern army were from Georgia, among th em being J ohn B. Go rdon , j ose ph \iV heeler and Jame s Longstreet. On her soil wer e fou g ht th e ba tt les of Chi ckamauga, Ringgc,ld, R esaca, New Hope Church, Kennesaw Mountain , Pea ch T ree Cree k, Atlanta , J on esboro, A llatoona and num erous smaller engagements and ski1:mi shes.
D uring the Spani sh-A m eri ca n war Ge org ia furni s hed mor e volunteers in proportion to pop ul at ion than any oth er State.
Thus at every peri od of American his tory Georgia ha s taken a conspicuous stand. Her Crawford s, Berri en, Stephens, T oombs, Cobbs, Benjamin H. Hill and Henry Grady were among the greatest orators of America and no grander pulpit orator than George F. Pierce can be nam ed in th e r oll of America's great preachers. Sidney Lanier also ranks hi g h among Amt::rican poets.
Great on these lin es, Georgia is also one of the most progressive among our S~ates. In the later thirties on account of her rapid g rowth in manufactures and her wisdom and zeal in railroad construction, Georgia received the proud title "Em pire State of the South."
It has been said that the South was retarded to such an extent by slavery a nd so much damaged by the war that she is far behind the rest of the Union in the race

r6

GEORGIA's REsouRcEs AND AovANTAGES.

of progress. This statement has been repeated again and again until the whole world including our own people accept it as the truth.
Growth in population is one of the evidences of progress, and in this Georgia compares favorably with any of the "Old Thirteen." The United States census of 1900 ts authority for the following statements:
The population of Massachusetts is very nearly seven and a half times as large as it was at its first census in 179.0;
That of Pennsylvania more than fourt een times as large; That of ew York more than twenty-one times as large; That of Georgia nea rly twenty-seven times as larg e (t he exact figures being 26.8 times as large). We think that will do pretty well. From the above named eastern and middle tates there has been a large emigration to the \ iVest and from Geo rgia there has also been a very large emigration to all the States of the Southwest. Here the record is about evenly balanced. In 1860 the per capita wealth of these same States was as follows: Massachusetts, $662; Pennsylvania, $487; New York, $475; Georgia, $611. As a result of the civil war the per capita wealth of these States was far ahead of that of Georgia. In 1870 the comparative per capita wealth was as follows: Massachusetts, $1,46~; Pennsylvania, $1,081; New York, $1,483; Georgia, $226. In 1890 the record stood thus: Massachusetts, $1,252, a loss of seven and a half per cent. in per capita wealth from 1870 to 1890; Pennsylvania, $1,177, a gain of eight and four-fifths per cent.; New York, $1,430, a loss of three per cent.; Georgia, $464, a gain of 105 per cent. We think this record speaks well for the enterprise and progressive spirit of Georgia. A State that had suffered such shrinkage in values by the disastrous results of war and was able so soon to get upon her feet and vie with her more fortunate sisters in the race of progress, mus t be inhabited b~ an enterprising, dauntless .and intelligent people, whom no disasters can appall and no adversities subdue.
But say some: "The South is far behind the North in the matter of conveniences." This, too, is a mistake. Name th e convenience known to the North that we do not have in our cities, and large towns: steam-h eated houses, lit by gas, or electricity or both, and supplied with water. Wherever one may travel, in cities or mid rural scenes, he will find comfortable homes and frequently elegant dwellings, supplied with all modern conveniences. And we are abundantly supplied with telegraph and telephone lin es . both short and long distan ce.
The growth of the cities and t owns of Georgia in every sectio n of the State is evidence of prosperous farmers; for a strong agricultural community is back of every thriving, growing town . Electric r::tilways g ive rapid transit to all parts of our cities and afford speedy and comfortable com muni cat ion with near-by towns and villages or pleasure resorts.
Magnificent lines of railway traverse every section of the State, giving to its farmers easy access to markets; to the enterprising merchants of her cities and towns ready communication with the mag nificent farm s, market rrard ens and immense orchards that abound in north, middle and south Georgia; bringing to her manufacturers the fleecy cotton of her field s, the coal ai1d iron of her mines and the timbers from her forests .
In addition to railroad advantages many Georgia towns enjoy fine water transportation and thus obtain cheaper fr eight rates. The Savannah river is navigable for steambo;tts to Augusta, 230 miles from its mouth . Steamboats ply the Chattahoochee from Columbus to the Apalachicola and thence to the Gulf of Mexico; to which also
steamboats descend from Albany by the Flint and Apalachicola rivers. F rom tl,c At

LEGEND
Red & Brown Loa ms - Lime- ~Qray , Sandy or Grnvelly Lands stone:; & Ca lca reous S halcs. ~ranates,Gne~s& .\ l ica Schist:'
CJ S~l~~.:l~l~~~..Si~~~~~~.~tollCS

Fla twoods.

ray Gravell)' l .;:wds.

D

.herity ,Mage:-.a:au Limestones

Hard Argillaceous Shales. Savannahs a nd Palmetto Flats.

Upper Limi t of Low-Land Rice, corre!)po nd ing ~p

proximately with tlutt of Palmetto Fla ts.

-...,.,..llJ_...,,..,.,...__,,.,. Northern li mi t of \Vire wC rass, corrc!'ponding approximately w ith Southern limit of the \Vhea t crop.

- - - - - - - - Prese nt approximate Northern limit of Suga r C:111e.
Upper limit of Cotton Culture, corresponding with , . . . . - - - - - - L ower Limit of \Vhite Pine and Spruce.

AGRIO ULTURAL MAP
- - OF-
G E 0 R G I.A.
SHOW I NG SO ILS AND THE CLH!ATAL RANGE OF CERTA! I ' DlGENOUS AND CULT IV ATED PRODUCTS.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.

SCALE
'e':==e:=::.==i::=====':i'"=""'""'"""""'"O':CO====="""==:=""'""'=i'iO,;,O MILES

"GEORGifl.,S :RESOURCES ANI? ADVANTAGES.

17

]antic steamboats also ascend the Altamaha and its branch, the Ocmulgee, to Haw-

kinsville, or its other branch the Oconee almost to the city of Milledgeville. The St.

Mary's river is navigable .for the. largest vessels from its mouth ,up to and beyond tht:

town of that name. The Satilla, and Ogeechee are each navigable for some distance

fr om their mouths. The inlets and sounds flowing between the mainland and the

lovely islands that skirt the Georgia coast from the Savannah to the Saint Mary's riv-

ers are navigable for large steamboats.



Through St. Simon's sound the largest ocean vessels pass up the Turtle river, a short but deep stream, to the city of Brunswick, the second in importance of the seaports of Georgia, as Savannah is the first, to whose wharves great ocean vessels ascend

by the river of that name.

In Northwest Georgia the city of Rome enjoys a fine river trade through the Oos-

tanaula and the Coosa. Into its lap steamboats pour the productions of the Coosa

valley, such as lumber, iron, grain and cotton, and the staple products of the Oosta-

naula valley.
Every section of Georgia is drained by rivers of considerable size with their tributary creeks and branches and is conse<;uently ~ splendid agricultural country.

The Drainage System of Georgia comprises nine basins: the Tennessee basin, dra:ned by tributaries of the T ennessee river; the Mobile basin, drained by the Tallapoosa and oosa rivers and their tributaries into the Gulf of Mexico; the Apalachicola basin, drained by the Chattahoochee, Flint and Apalachicola rivers into the Gulf of Mexico; the Altamaha basin, dra.ined by the Oconee, Ocmulgee and Altamaha rivers into the Atlantic ocean; the Ogeechee basin, drained by the river of that name through Ossabaw sound into the Atlantic ocean; the Savannah basin, drained by the C:.avannah river and its tributaries into the Atlantic ocean; the Ochlockonee basip, drained by the river of that name through Ochlockonee bay into the Gulf of 'Mexico; the Savannah basin, drained by the Allapaha and W ithlacoochee rivers and their tribu taries into the Suwannee river and Gulf of Mexico; the Satilla and St. Mary's basin, drained by the Satilla river through St. Andrew's sound and by the St. Mary's through Cumberland sound into the Atlantic ocean. Between these two rivers lies the noted Okefinokee swamp.

Extent and Topography of Georgia.-Georgia, embracing 59,475 square miles, lies

between the parallels of 30 21' and 39" and 35 Notth latitude, embracing 4 38' 21".

This fact would itself insure variety of climate anc productions. This variety is in-

creased by the topography of the country; the northern section containing moun-

tains of from 3000 to 5000 feet above sea level and having an average elevation of more

than 1000 feet, while Middle Georgia ranges from 180 to 500 and in a few instances to

1000 fee t above sea-level, and Southern Georgia has an average elevation from 100 to 500 feet.

Some of the peaks of the Blue Ridge chain of mountains rise to an elevation of

5000 feet. ome of t he most noted peaks are: Sitting Bull (middle summit of N anta-

hela), in Towns county, 5,046 feet above sea level; Mona (east summit of Nantahela),

5,039 feet; E nota, also in Towns county, :1:,797 feet; Rabun Bald in Rabun county,

4,71 feet; Blood, in Union county 4,468 feet; Tray, in Habersham county, 4,403 feet; C?hutta, in Fannin county, 4,155 fe~t; Dome, in Towns county, 4,.042 feet; Grassy, in P1 c~e ns county, 3,290 feet; Tallulah, in Habersham county, 3,172 feet; Yona, in

White county, 3,167 feet.

.']

T,~enty miles to the west of the Blue Ridge lies the CohuttJ range with an aver-

age altitude of 3;000 feet above sea level. To the northwest of this range are Lookout

and and Mountain ranges, spurs of the Alleg hanies whi.::h, like the Blue Ridge, belo~g to the gr.eat Appalachian mountain system. The highest spur of Lookout Moun-

tam range, High Point, has an elevation of 2,408 feet , while Pigeon Mountain, the

:8

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

northeastern spur of the same range, has at its lofti est point an altitude of 2,331 feet and still another spur, known as Round M ountain, rises to 2,200 feet above the level of the sea. Taylor's Ridge ,with its prolongation; called the White Oak Mountains, \'aries in elevation from 1,300 to r,soo feet, while a little farther south R ocky Face Ridge, rising to a height of from 1,500 to 1,700 fe et above sea leve l, forms the eastern watershed of Chickamauga river, which flows through the valley at an elevation of 900 feet above the sea. Going southward one comes to Pine, Lost and Kennesaw mountains, the last of which with its double peak is 1,809 feet above sea level. In a rolling country of hills and level stretches about 14 miles east of the city of Atlanta, a vast pile of granite, called Stone Mountain, ha s an elevat ion of 1,686 feet above the sea and about 700 or 800 feet above the sunounding country. There are a few other elevations in Middle Georgia, which, rising to a considerable heig ht above the level country, are called mountains, as P ine and Oak mountains, on the eastern boundary of Harris county, and Graves mountain in Lincoln co unty. Sections of Southwes; Georgia have hills which rise to an altitude of 5UU feet above the level of the sea. About 3,000 square mil e,; of the region along the At lantic coast hav e an elevation of 100 feet.
Of nine climate belts found in the U nited States eig ht are represt;!nted in Georgia, the lowest having a mean annual temperature of less than 40 degrees, the highest, of betw een 70 and 80 degrees. Of course th e lowest in mean annual temperature is fo und on the highest of the mountain peaks. Below the summit of these lofties t mountains along their sid e::. the mr.an annual temp erature is betwen 40 and 45 degrees and corresponds with upper New England and New York and the mountain region of the two V irginias. A still larger clima te zone of between 45 and 50 degrees of mean annual t emperature corresponds with porti ons of Tew York, Pennsylvania and Ohio. A narrow strip having between 50 and 55 degrees of mean annual temperature runs northward through North Carolina and Virginia up to ew J ersey, while another zone of between 55 and 60 degr ees and about three times as large as all the pre ceding together, passing through l::oth Ca r olinas ends in Virginia.
Nearly all Middle Georgi.t is in a climate zone of Letw een 60 and 65 degrees, which corresponds with t::at of upper Alabama, M ississippi , L ouis iana, Texas, West Tennessee and Arkansas and part of Virginia.
Southern Georgia ha s a climate ranging betwen 65 and 70 deg: ees an d corresponding with that of Southern 'J exas, Loui siana, Mississippi and urp er F lorida.
The mean annual tempetatur s at some of the important stations in North and Middle Georgia are as foll o ws: A t R ome, 61.9 degrees; Ga in esv ill e, 61.3; Atlanta, 61.4; Carroll~on, 62; Athens, (;3; Augusta, 64; LaGrange, 64.1; Th omson, 64.1.
For lower Middle and Sout!1ern Georgia, these temperatures are at Macon, 66.1 degrees; at Cuthbert, 68.1; at Americus, 68.2; at Brunswick, 68.1.
The only station touchin g the zone between 70 and 75 degrees of mean annua l temperature is Blackshear with 70.2 degrees.
The isothermal lin e of 80 degrees Jul y temperature runs above Augusta and Ma con t o VITest Point. In the greater portion of Middle Georgia above this line -and in North Georgia the July temperature is betw een 75 and 80 deg rees.
Below this same isothermal line throug hout the greater part of East, So;ttheast and Southwes t Georgia the July tempr:ratn re is between 80 and 85 d egrees.
For the whole ~ t<tte the mean July temperature is 81.8 degrees . Snow seldom fa! ; in Southern Georgia, and there rarely to a depth of more than two inches. The fall and depth of snow increase sl ightly in Midd le Georgia. In the cnountain region the frequency and depth of snow storms show co nsiderabl e increase. Atlanta, the capital and largest city, near the border of Middle and Northwest Georgia, situated on a ridge with an average elevation of 1,050 fe et above sea level

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

rg

has a mean annual temperature corresponding to that of Washington, St. Louis and Louisville the winters being warmer and the summers cooler.
The ~nn ual average rainfall of Georgia is 49.3 inch es. The highest is at Rabun Gap, 71.7 inches and the l?west at Swainsboro, 39 ..4 inc~es. A_t Atlanta it is 52.12 inches. For M iddle Georg1a t he average annual ram fall IS 49.7 mches; for East Georgia 41.4 inches, and for Northwest Georgia 60.3 inches.
' The average of the summer rainfall is : for North Georgia, 13.6 inches; for Southwest Georgia, 1-1.5 inches and for th e entire State, 13.4 inches. At different lo calities representing every section of the State, the summer rainfall averages: in Rome, 10.2 inches ; Atlanta, 10.8 inches; Rabun Gap, 15.4 in ch es; Americus, 16 inches;
Brunswick, 16.6 inches.
Agriculture.-vVith its great variety of climate, owing to its nearly four and a half degrees of latitude and the varying altitudes of its different sections, Georgia can raise the rr rea tes t variety of products of any State in the Union. The crops and fruits of ever~ section of our country are found within its bord ers.
On the extreme southern section of its mainland and on its sea-islands are grown also many of the fruits of the tropics, snch as oranges, lemons, bananas, etc. In every section of Geo rgia are found pomegranates and figs.
In 1 orthwest Geo rgia there is g reat variety of surface and soil. There is abundance of land, eit her rollin g or en ti rely level , well adapted to th e growing of corn, wheat, rye, oats, barley, buckwheat, cow-peas, vegetables, clover, timothy, orchard grass, Bermuda, Johnson, red-top and many other grasses useful for hay and pasturage. Fine cotton is produced also as far north as Floyd county, above which very little of thi crop is raised . There is also in this section a great variety of the finest fruits, such as peaches, apples, pears, cherries, and all kinds of berries .and grapes.
ome of the most noted vall ey::; are Cedar, Texas, Broomtow n and Vann's. In Northeast Georgia, the most mountainous and most thinly inhabited sec-
tion , but little over 12 p er cent. of the land is under cultivation. Much of the tillable land, however, has a very rich , dark r ed soil. Little T ennessee valley in Rabun county and 1 a cooch ee valley in vVhite county are noted for fertility and bear .all kinds of crops, gras e and fruits.
Of the area known as Middle Georgia 75 per cent. is under cultivation. The central cotton r egion of the State in clud es th e southern part of Middle and "lar.ge areas of Southern Georgia. The reg ion embraces the sand and pine hills belt,, covenng about 3000 square miles, and the r ed hills belt and yellow loam region, 'these two includinrr torrether about 6,650 sq uare miles. Throughout this area, except in the sand hills belt are raised large crop of corn andcotton.
Alonrr the coast lands embrac in g an area of about 2,045 square miles rice is extensiv ely cu ltivated and the Geo rgia sea-islands produce most of the finest . cotton known to commerce.
A ll over tiiddle a nd Southern Georgia grows the sugar-cane, which is ,rich er in saccharine matter than any other known plant from which sugar is extraoted.
The average yield of stwar cane to the acre, about 200 gallons of syrup, is far below that obtained by the best cultivation. Many farmers in Georgia have obtained by emp loy in g tl)e best methods from 500 to 70.0 gallons to th e acre.
The nited tates census of 1900 reports the crop of 1899, which was one of the poor.est sea on that Geo rgia has known in a long time for all kinds of crops and horticultural products. By that census the total value of Georgia's agricultural products wa $86,345,343 . Of this amount, $42,534,23 5 r epresented the value of the cotton crop and $17,158,868 that of the corn crop. The sugar-cane brought $1,690;000; Irish potatoes 326,856; sweet potatoes, $2,354,390 and miscellaneous vegetables $3,009,306 .' The peach crop for the census year (1899) was almost entirely wiped out by late frosts. The normal value of Georgia's corn has for several years been in the neigh-

20

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

borhood of $19,000,000 and the United States Department of Agriculture in 19021 reported Georgia's cotton crop to be above $69;000,000 in value, the sum of these two crops alone showing a greater value than all the agricultural products of the State combined in the census year.
Georgia has in her commercial orchards more than 16,000,000 peachtrees, of which over half are now in bearing. In an ordinarily good fruit year the peach crop of Georgia is worth at least $4,000,0-00 and in some years will go far ahead of those figures. The agricultural and horticultural products of Georgia combined will in a good season considerably exceed in va lue $100,000,000 . Georgia outranks all the States in the quality and value of her watermelons. So large is their shipment and sale that they rank as one of the great money crops of the State. As many as 316,000 watermelons have been sold in Augusta or shipped from that city in a single season. In Georgia more than 10-0,000 acres are devoted to their culture and the number of cars needed in their transportation is in excess of 10,000 a year.
One of the finest and richest of nuts, the common black walnut grows abundantly in Georgia. English walnuts and pecans also do well in every section of Georgia. There is a large pecan grove near West Point, one in Jasper county, near Monticello, several groves in Mitchell county, one of which covers 100 acres; a grove of 1,00.0 trees in Dougherty county, several groves in Berrien county, near Tifton; also groves in Hancock and Spalding counties, a large grove near Rome, trees which bear abundantly in Richmond county and in the city of Augusta.
Peanuts or ground-peas (also called goobers) are raised in abundance all over Georgia. The spreading branches of the white peanut lie flat upon the ground, while those of the red peanut and Spanish peanut have an upright growth. The Spanish peanuts mature earlier than the others and are the surest crop of the three. The peanuts growing in Georgia's most southern section are valuable for making peanut oil. The harvesting must take place before frost . The lield of nuts is from 30 to 50 bushels and some times 100 bushels to the acre. \iVell cured peanut hay makes fine stod feed, especially for ewes in lambing season.
The chufa, a species of ground or grass nut, has a pleasant taste and is highly esteemed by some farmers as a fattening food for hogs.
Cassava (the variety known as sweet cassava) though a new crop to Georgia, ha5 done splendidly, wherever it has had a fair trial, through the whole Southern section of the State. From its roots are made the best of starch and from them also can be prepared tapioca and other excellent dishes for the table. As stock feed they are first class. The most important value of cassava is its ability to produce the best starch known to commerce. On one acre of South Ge-orgia land with proper cultivation it will yield 4000 pounds of starch, while th e best corn or potato lands of Illinois or Michigan can produce only 1,200 pounds of starch from these vegetables.
Stock Raising is very profitable to those engaged 111 it. In North Georgia the slopes of the mountains and hills are well suited to tht: grazing of stock and the long level stretches of the wiregrass or South Georgia section are especially suited to this purpose. In Southern Georgia cattle and sheep need very little shelter and for only a few weeks of the winter. There are in every section of Georgia model dairy herds of high grade cattle and many farmers are paying attention to the raising of the best types of beef-cattle. Horses, mules, swine and poultry are plentiful for all purposes. In 1900 the total value of all live stock on farms, including poultry, was $35,200,507 and the total value of all domestic animals not on farms was estimated at $2,281,059, making in all $37,481,566.
The number of specified domestic animals on farms in 190.0 was: Dairy cows, 276,024; other neat cattle, 623,467; horses, 127,407; mules and asses, 267,840; sheep (lambs not included), 258,894; swine, 1,424,298. Of poultry there were 4,549,144

GEOR_~A'S_ R~OURCE S AND ADVANTAGES.

21

chickens, 103,416 turkeys, 208,997 geese and 64,895 ducks. The total value of all the

poultry was $1,458, 055. There were 187,919 swarms of bees valued at $243,769.

The Forest Timbers of Georgia are many and valuable. Those of Northwest

Georo-ia embrace six varieties of oak (red, white moun tain or chestnut, black, water and post oak), two var iet ies of ~ine (short-leaf and lo ng-l eaf, the latter ?iffering from

the long-l eaf of Southern Georgia), poplar, ash, beech, elm, chestnu t, luckory, maple,

(includino- the suga r mapl e), walnut, iron-wood, sugar-berry, sycamore, ~weet-gum,

black-gum, dogwood, persimmon, sassafras, wild cherry, red-bull, warhoo and cedar.

Many of these are found in large quantities and are useful for the manufacture of fur-

n1 tu re a nd hardwood finish for dwellings. The oaks and pines are much used in the

con truction of buildings, the manufacture of furniture, farming utensils, wagons, etc.

Laro-e quantities of the oak and pine are annually shipped.
"'r n the forests of Northeast and Middle Georgia are found in the rerl lands, Span-

ish white and p ost oaks, hickory, chestnut, dogwood , persimmon, sassafras and in the lo,~lands of some of the counties short-leaf pine, poplar, ash, walnut. cherry and buck-

eye. There is more hickory and less pine than on gray, sandy land. With these

black-jack is freely interspersed.

.

Throughout the sand and pine-hills belt of Middle anq South Georgia the prevail-

in g timbers are pines, both long and short-leaf. There. are al!'o found some scrub

black-jack, oak, sweet-gums and dogwood and along the streams are undergrowth of

bay and gall-berry bushes.

Among the red hills throughout the section lying between the Savannah and Flint

ri vers, the timbers are oak, hickory, short leaf pine and dogwood, with beech, maple

and poplar on the lowlands.

Throughout the Yellow-loam region a re oak, hi ckory and long-leaf pines ..

What is known as the long-leaf pine region embraces 17,00 0 square miles. The

forest of this section are a great source of wealth to the State. The timber lands are

beino- put und er cultivation, as fast as they are cleared. The pine and palmetto flats

around Okefinokee swamp furnish large quantities of long-leaf pine, cypress and saw

palmetto, which are found also along the creek bottom and hnmmock lands, together

with black-gum, tupelo gum, titi and maple.

Throughout the coast region are found also magnificent live-oaks , red and water

oaks, red cedar, hickory, chincapin, sassafras, cabbage and blue palmetto.

Geology and Mining.- Georgia is divided into three main geological areas. The Palaeozoic divisi :m in which are represented Cambrian , Silurian, Devonian and Carboniferous formations is found in the Northwest section of Georgia and embraces the countie of Dade. \ i\Talker, Catoosa. \i\Thitfield, Chattooga, Floyd and the larger portions of Murray, Gordon, Bartow and Polk. Shales, sandstones, limestone, quartzites and cherts are abundant. Valuable deposits of coal, iron, manganese, roofing slate and aluminum (or bauxite) are found in this region of parallel mountain ridges and valleys. The Crystalline area includes a much larger portion of the State, embracing all tho e parts not in the Palaeozoi c area that run north of a lin e drawn from northeast to southw est, throu g h A ugusta, Milledgeville, Macon and Columbu s. Here are fou ~d granites, gneisses and schists, while on the border of the Palaeozoic and Cryst~ llme areas ar.e .found the marbles for which Georgia has become fam ous in every section ~f t he Umon. The marble belt traver ses Fannin, Gilm er , Pickens , and Cherokee countie , and the most important quarries are found in Pickens county.
Many l ocaliti ~s in the Crystalline are rich in granite and gneiss, and in several portions of .t his sa me area corundum is found in considerable quantities.
Before the dis~overy of gold in California the gold mines of Georgia were highly esteemed.. Fo; .a time th~ exc!tement over the rich mines oi California caused a great decreas: m. mmmg operations Jn Georgia. But in rer~nt years there has been a great awakenmg m the gold region of the State. The gold deposits are found in four



GEORGI A' S RESOURCES AN D A DVANT AGES .

23

belts of wh ich, th e fir st runs t hroug h Raoun, H ab er s ham, White, Lumpkin, Dawson, Fo rs~t h , herokee, Cobb , Bartow, Paul~in g and Hara lson _co unti es. Th e second belt trave rses Rabu n, H ab er s ham, Hall , Gwmn ett, Fo r syth, M tlto n, D eKa lb and F ulton co un tie . A th ird gold belt passes a crOS!! Co bb, Pa ul ding and Carroll counties. . Th ere is a fourth aold belt w hi ch passes throug h L incoh1, Columb ia, M cDuffie and Warren co u ntie in t he so u t heast par t of th e Crysta ll in e area. In t he counti es of T ow ns, U nio n Gi lmer, Fa nn in and Me nw eth er a re sca tter ing depos its of go ld.
' The coa l fie lds of Georg ia are mostly in Dade and W alker counties. Th e iron or es ar e in th e P alaeozo ic area, t he .brmu n o res being found in Bartow,
Po lk and F loyd .count ies,. and th e r ed ores bein g min ed in Walker and Chat tooga
co un t ies. T h ere a re la rge d eposits of baux ite ( o r a luminum ) in Georg ia. The most exten-
sive a re in F loyd and Ba r tow counties. but t hi s m ineral is al so found in P olk, W alker
an d Chattooga coun ties. Deposits of Co rundum occur in Rabun, T ow n s, U nion, H a bers ham , Carroll and
Hea rd co unties. Near t he Carolina line in Rabun county on L au rel cr eek is th e large t coru ndum mi ne in Geo rg ia a nd one of the m ost noted in th e U nited States.
Of other m in era ls pyrite is foun d in L u mpkin coun ty, copp er in M urray and F anni n counti es; talc in M urray, Fannin and Ch erokee; mi ca in U nio n and Fannin, and
barite in Bartow.
Nea r th e town of E m erso n, in Bartow coun ty, g ra phite ab ound s. Several I recious stones are found in Georg ia: amethysts in Rabun county ; a few diamonds in Ha ll ; some good m oonst ones in U pso n coun ty, and in th e northeast part of the ry tallin e a rea have bee n found rubi es an d sapphires of s ma ll si ze. Lim e tone fo r calc iminin g is fo und not only in th e P alaeozoi c a nd Crystallin e areas in Northwest a nd o rth east Georg ia, b n t a lso in localities in th e coastal plain regio n which in cludes all t he Sou t hern part of Geo rg ia . In thi s coastal plai n reg ion marl and p ho p hate aboun d.
Lime tone fo r b uil din g purposes is fo und in beds throug hout the coun ties embraced in th ;; Palaeozoi c area an d in H a ll and Habersham co un t ies of th e Cry stalline area. Throug h all th at part of Georgia nort h of w hat is call ed th e fall line which run s fr om Augu ta throug h Maco n to Columbus are foun d clays suitabl e for th e manufacture of commo n b ri ck and th e coarser g ra des of earth enwar e.
Immediately below t hi fall lin e th ere is a narrow belt runn ing across the State in which a re fonnd clays sui ta ble. for t he m anufa cture of porce la in , enam eled brick, china ware. terra cotta, sew er pipes, etc.
The ann ual out ptlt of all th e mineral s of Georg ia is abo u t $5,000,000.

Mineral Springs a re foun d in Geo rg ia in th e Palaeozo ic and Crystalline areas. mong tho e of med icin al valu e are chalyb eate, sul phurous and li t hia w aters. According to the repo rt of t he U nited Stat es Geol ogical S u rvey, the output of the minera l water of Geo rgia in 1898 was 197,100 g all on . va lu ed at $39,230 .

A rt esian Wells are co nfin ed. to th e coastal plain region. A lmos t all this porti o n

of the tate is un derl aid by pervious beds which , w hen pi erc ed b y th e drill, fnrni sh

larae quantities of p ure, w holesome water. ' Jot all these w ater-b ea ring beds furni sh flo~ing well . B u t t hose non-fl ow ing well s furni sh larg e q ua ntiti es of pure water,

which ca n be brongh't to th e s urfa ce b y pumps.

.

The average depth s of t he wells already bo r ed is about 450 feet . Th e various

trata penetrated consist of soft limestones clays and sand s. Thus the w ells can be

had for very li ttle ou tlay of money_

'

The anitary advantages that have resulted to many tow ns and localities all over

the_ South Georgia coasta l p lain throu g h th e pure wholeso me drinking water of the ar-

tesian wells, are seen in the fact that sections once dreaded as malarial and sickly arc

-

l- -

-

..

\.

- . .... ~

~ 41J

GEORGIA' S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

25

now considered among the most salubrious in the State and are increasing more rapidly in populatioP than even the hill country of North Georgia.
Water Powers.-The streams of Georgia furnish water .,)Owers in numerous localities in varying amounts from the little cascade that runs a small neighborhood mill to the g reat shoals and falls that furnish from 20,000 to 30,000 horse powers, and run'mi a hty flouring mills and cotton factories.
wfth the exception of a few notable cases, the largest water powers of Georgia occur at or just above what is known as th e Southern Fall Line, running from Auausta on the northeast down through Macon in Central Georgia to Columbus on the ~outhw e st, wh ere the streams pass from the hard rocks of the Crystalline area to the softer formations of the coastal plain; and on the western Fall Line, formed by the contact of the Palaeo zoic and Crystalline areas in the northwest, passing through Polk, Bartow, Gordon and Murray counties.
Along th ese fall lines are located the larger water powers. But numerous other powers a re to be found at various points on different streams throughout the State.
Manufactures.-As we have already said, it was on account of her manufacturing enterprises and the energy displayed by her in the construction of railroads that Georgia in the 'la te r thirties received the title s till worthily worn, "Empire State of the South." Georg ia still stands with the for emost of the Southern States in the variety and valu e of its m anufactures and the number of its manufactnring establishments. According to th e census of 1900 the total value of Georgia's manufactures was $89,789,656. Th ere have been since that time g reat strides forward in every kind of manufacture. In 1901 the Ui1ited States Department of Agriculture reported an increas:: from 68 cot ton mill s with 817,345 spindles and 19,398 looms in 1899 (the year for which the census of 1900 reported), to 86 mills with 969,364 spindles in operation in 1900 stated that 28 more mills were completed during 1900, with 13 more in process of con struction.
Thi s report agrees very closely with one prepared in the summer of 1901 by tht G~ orgia D epartm ent of Agriculture , which contained the names of 111 mills in operation with 1,192,486 spindles and 26,645 looms. In bleached cotton goods Georgia stands fouTth in the Uni on with 24,265,583 square yards. The cotton gins which in 1900 numb ered 4.729, running for four months, have increased to more than 5,000. It was whil e E li Whitney was living in Georgia that he invented the cotton gin.
Th e cott on oil mills in operation in 1901 numbered 58 and paid above $5,000,.(}00 for cotton seed, whose finished products were valued at $14,000,000. At the present t ime there are 104 cotton oil mills and the increase of their business has been correspondingly great.
The fertilizer fc.ctori es registered with the Commissioner of Agriculture for the season of 1903 and 1904 number 145. Many of these do a very heavy business all over th e South ern States.
Georgia stands ahead of all the States in the manufacture of turpentine and resin a nd in 1900 exported 14,623,328 gallons of spirits of turpentine and 1,408,928 barrels of_ turp e nti~e , rosi n and pitch. Thert> were reported in 1900, 1,254 establil>hments w 1th a cap1tal of $11,802,716 engaged in the lumber industry.
. Other. Manufactures are printing establishments, fl our and grist mills, woolen mdls, _furmture factories , ornamental iron works, foundri es, blast furnaces, carriage facton es, car shops, black-smithing and wheelwrighting, manufactories of brick, tile and pottery:. manufac.tories of paints, chemicals, ice, electric-light plants, carpenter work, cannmg ~actones, creameries and numerous others. Among the most import~nt manufac_tones of the State are the q1arble and stone works, turning out the buildmg and pavmg stones and splendid marbles for which Georgia is so famous throughout the Union.

2()

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGI~S .

When the colony of Georgia was founded by Oglethorpe, it was intended to be a silk produ cing country. Efforts are being made to revive this industry. In 1902 a silk-growers association was formed in Atlanta consisting of members from many districts in the State. A plan is now on fo ot to co nstruct a silk mill with a very large capital at Tallulah Fa ll s.
Railroads.-Georgia has a magnificent ystem of railroads whose total mileage in the State is 6,035.32, and is being increased eac h year. The g reat trunk lines are the Central of Georgia with . 1,302.23 miles; Sou l hern with 919.90' mil es; Seaboard Air Line with 649 .49 miles; Atlantic Coast Line with GG7.70 mil es, and the Georgia Railroad with 302.!10 miles. The combined mil eage of th {; ot her railroads ~f Georgia is 2,194.50. Electric lin es trav erse not on ly al l the larg e cit ies, bu t many of the small er cities and towns, conn~cting th em with their subu rb s and in many instances with neighboring towns . The grand trunk lin es are vety energetic in advertising th e advantages of the sections through which th ey pass, the Southern and Central being especially noted for th e good work which they are doing for Georgia.

Good Roads.-The numb er of good co untry road s is rapidly in cr easi ng all over the State. Among the best are the roads running out from Atlanta to College Park, Peach tree re ek, the water works and Decatur. !J. any m iles of well-grad ed ma cadamized roads are found in the coun ties of Fulton, F loyd , Bartow, Bibb, Richmond, Jefferson, Emanuel, Spalding, M eriwether and Chatham. The shellroad from' Savannah to Bonaventure and Thunderbolt, also the road from tha t city to Beaulieu and Isle of Hope were noted before the Civil War. Some of the macadamized roads leading out from Rome in Floyd county. are built of hard limestone and marble. The country roads which radiate from Augusta and Macon, forming the favorite drives of the citizens, are among the best. The same may be said of the shellroads of Glynn count; centering in the city of Brunswick, and of the well-graded drives through the fragrant pines that go out from Thomasville into the surroundin g country.
Mail Facilities.-Not only do the citir:s and town s of Geo rgia have th e best oi mail facilities, but through the bounty of "Uncle Sam ," the farmers in every section have the rural free delivery which furnishes them letters and daily pape rs on the elate of publication.

Banks.-There are in Georgia 39 national banks with a capital stock of $5,046,000, deposits of $20,000,000 and reserve of about $9,000,000. There are 243 other banks with $10,100,000. capital and over $30,0'0.0,000 deposi t s.

Assessed Valuation.-In 1903 accordin g to the repo rt of the co mptroll er-general the asse~sed valuation of property in Georgia was $467,310,646; in 1900 it- was $489,-
ooo,ooo. The bonded debt was $7,531 ,500 net and the tax rate was $5.30 per $r,ooo.

Education.-Georgia is well provided with sc hoo ls, bo th pub lic and private. The

public school syste m is an exce ll ent one and is consta ntly being improved.

lt embraces 7,700 schools, of wh ich 4, \!19 are for white children and 2,781 for col-

ored.. Of a total of 9,180 teachers, 5,997 are white and 3,183 colored. Of teacht:rs who

have enjoyed a normal school trainin g there are 1,791 white and 447 co lored, 2,238 in

all. The number of pupils enrolled in 1902 was 258,984 white and 216,359 colored,

being a total of 4::!9,645.

The average daily attendance was 159,562 white and 105,826 colored , a total of

265,388. One of the leading higher institutions of learning in the State is the Uni-

versity of Georgia, of which the principal buildings are at Athens. This has num erous

branches as follows: No rth Georgia Agricultural Co llege at Dahlonega; Georgia

School of Technology, at Atlanta; Georgia Normal and Indu str ial College fo r Ladies,

at Milledgeville; Georgia State ormal College for both sexes, at Ath ens; Georo-ia

State Industrial Coll ege for Colored Youth s, near Savannah.

o

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

Several other noted schuu~s are affiliated with the University of Georgia, but do

not receive State funds. These are: South Georgia Military and Agricultural Col-

lege at Thomasville; Middle Georgia Military and Agricultural College, at Hamilton.

The Auo-u ta Medical Coll ege is one of the departments of the State University. In

Atlanta are two medical colleges, and one dental college.



Two of the most noted colleges of the South are in Georgia: Emory College at Oxford, the property of the N ort}1 and South Georgia a~1d ~lorida Conferences of the

.VI.et hod ist J...p iscopal Ch urch (South) and Mercer Umvers ity, the property of th e

Baptists of Georgia. The fir t college in the world chartered for the purpose of bestowing literary dt
grees upo n ladies is Wes~eyan Female College at Maca~, tl:e p_rop~rty of the Methodists of Georo-ia and Flonda. Shorter College, a Baptist mstitutiOn, at Rome, was built and endowed by Alfred Shorter, of Rome, and Agnes Scott Institute at Decatur was built by Colonel Geo rge W . Scott, lib erally endowed and turned over to the Presbyterian 'y nod of Georgia. Lucy Cobb Institute at Athen s was four.ded mostly through the efforts of General Thomas R. R. Cobb, one of Georgia's greatest orators a:Id most gallant soldiers. Other excellent colltges are: Southern Female College, College Park, near Atla nta; Southern Female College at LaGrange; LaGrange Female College at LaGrangt:; Andrew Fema le at Cuthbert; Monroe Female Coll ege, at Forsyth; St. Stanislaus College for Roman Catholic pi iests, near Macon; Young L. Harris In titute at the town of Young Harris; Brenau Female College, at Gainesville; Piedmont In st itute , R ockmart; South Georgia College at /[cRae. With the exceptio n of the State Industrial College for Colored Youths at Col lege near Savannah, all the abov<. nam ed in titutions are for whites exclusively.
For the colored people there are the followin o- institutions: Atlanta University, Clark University, pellman Seminary, Morris Brown College and Gammon University, all at Atlanta; Payne Institute, at A ugusta, under the auspices of the Methodist Epi copal Church, South. In the private schoo ls and colleges of Georgia, are 10,097 whites and 4, 77 colored pupils, being a total of 14,974.

Religion.-The leading Christian denominations are well represepted in Georgia
the Baptist and Methodists being the most powerful in numbers, wealth and influ cnce. The Bapti ts hav e a total active membership of 368,000. The church building~
numb er 3,586. Intheir Su nday-schools are 76,052 pupils. The Methodists have 272,000 1nember , 3,205 churches. and 117,828 Sunday- chool pupils. ~he Presbyterians
ha ve 18,000 church members, 237 church buildings and 12,600 Sunday-school pupils.
The ong regat ionalis ts have 4,714 members, 65 church buildings and 4,284 Sunday-
chool pupil . There are 7,976 Episcopalians with 137 church buildings and 4,400 ~unday-sc h oo l pupils. The Disciples of Christ have 9,805 members, 110 church build mgs and 3,147 Unda~- school pupils . TJ1 e Roman Catholics have 20,000 church
memb er -, 40 chu rch buildings a nd 2,500 pupils. The Hebrews in Georgia number about 6,200.

Charit<7ble Institutions.-Georgia ha s many benevolent institutions, some of the mo t pro~nment of which ar~: The Orpha n Hlouse at Bethesda, n ea r Savannah, f.9und~d m 1739 by Rev. George Whitefield in whose honor one of the counties of Georgia was named; the State Lunatic Asylum at M illedgeville; Georgia Institute for
the Deaf and Dumb at Cave Spring; Academy for the Blind at Macon; Female Asylum a~ S~vannah; Augusta Orphan Asylum at At.:gJtstd.; Orphan Home of the North Geor~Ia Conference of the M. E. Church, South, at Decatur, about eight miles from the_City of tlanta: Orphan Home of th e South Georgia Conference of the Methodist Epi copal Church. South, at Macon; Mumford Institute Home for Boys and Girls. near Macon; ~pp l eton Orphan Home (Episcopal), at Macon; Baptist Orphans' Ho_me , Hapevtlle. near Atlanta, and the Abram's Hom e for widows (a Hebrew in stitutiOn ), in Savannah.

28

GEORGIA'S RESOURCE~ AND ADVANTAGES.

State Government.-The present co.nstitution of the State of Georgia, which was adopted in 1877, guards carefully the rights of the people and prevents extravagant appropriations by the Legislature. The governor is elected for two years and -:an be re-elected for a second term; after that he retires. His salary is $5000 per annum . The State House officers are as follows: Attorney-General, Comptroller-General, Adjutant-General, Treasurer, Secretary of State, State School Commissioner, Commissioner of Agriculture, State Geologist, State Librarian, Commissioner of Pens:ons, three Prison Commissioners and three Railroad Commissioners.
The Supreme Court consists of one Chief Justice and five Associate Justices. There are U Superior Court Circuits, each having a judge and solicitor. Georgia is represented in the National Congress by two Senators and eleven Representatives. Thus the State has 13 votes in the electo r al college.

Political Divisions and Population.-Georgia has 137 counties enjoying such privileges of self-government, that one of the United States government publications speaks of them as 137 little commonwealths. As has been said already, the population of Georgia has shown a steady increase from the first census in 1790 to the last in 1900.

We give here the population of Georgia at each Federal census:

82,548 111 1790. 162,686 111 1800. 252,433 111 1810. 340,985 m 1820. 576,823 111 I8JO. 691,392 111 1840.

906,185 in 1850. 1,057,286 in 1860. 1,184,109 in 1870. 1,542,180 in 1880. I,8J7,J53 in 1890. 2,216,331 in 1900.

The total white population in 1900 was 1,181,109 and the total negro population was 1,034,998. There were besides 2041 Chinese, 1 J ap and 19 Indians. The foreign born p cpulation numbered 7,603 males and 4,800 females, a total of 12,403.
There are 372 incorporated places in Georgia, of which 40 had a population in 1900 of more than 2,000. Of these 13 had a population in excess of 5,000. Atlanta, the capital, had 89,872 and with its usual rati o of growth. has now more than 100,000. Savannah, the chief seaport, had 54,244, btut at this time has more than 60,000. Augusta, the greatest cotton manufacturing ~ity of the South, had 39,441, but now has 45,000. Macon, which had 23,272, has now at least 3'0,000. Columbus, the second great cotton manufacturing city of the South, had 17,614 and is now estimated to contain 20,000 inhabitants. The other cities of Georgia, which in 1900 had a population in excess of 5,000, are: Athens, 10,245; Brunswick, 9,081 ; Americus, 7,674; Rome, 7,291; and including suburbs, 14,000; Griffin , 6,857; Waycross, 5,919 ; Valdosta, 5,613; Thomasville, 5,322.
Some other important and rapidly growing towns of Georgia are here given with their population in 1900: Cartersville, 3,13 5 ; Cedartown, 2,823 ; Dalton, 4,315; Gainesville, 4,382; Toccoa, 2,176; Marietta, 4,446 ; Elberton, 3,834; Covington, 2,062; Milledgeville, 4,219 (the former capital of the State); Washington , 3,300; Barnesville, 3,036; Tallapoosa, 2,128; Newnan, 3,654 ; LaGrange, 4,274; Waynesboro , 2,030; Sandersville, 2.023; Dublin, 2,987; Hawkinsville, 2,103; Fort Valley, 2,022; Dawson, 2,926; Cuthb ert 2,641; Cordele, 3,473; Albany, 4,606; Bainbridge, 2,641; Thomasville, 5,322 ; Moultrie, 2,22] ; Quitman, ~,281; Madison, 1,992; Eatonton, 1,823.

PART II.
GEORGIA BY SECTIONS
North Georgia.-This section of the State was the home of the Cherokee Indians until 1838, w hen these original owners of the soil were moved to lands west of the
fi ssissippi river provided for thet? by . the government of_ the United _States. Altho ug h in Dade and Walke~ counties are found the coal mmes of Georgia, th~ lands there are also very productive of wheat, corn, oats, barley, rye, hay, clover, Insh potatoes and vegetables common to both the North and South. Lookout Valley in Dad e, ' IJcLemo re's Cove, Peavine, Armuchee and Chickamauga valleys in Walker, cann ot be exce ll ed in fertility by any lands of Georgia. The .vacant lands, woods an d mountain slopes afford splendid range for stock, such as sheep, cattle and swine, all of which are raised throughout this section in considerable numbers.
hickamaug a Creek and Chattooga river afford fine water powers, which have been well utilized. Dade, Walker, Catoosa, Whitfield, Murray, Gordon, Chattooga, Floyd, Bartow, P olk, Paulding, Cobb, Cherokee, Pickens, Gilmer and Fan nin should all be included in northwest Georgia: . Thi s section is rich in minerals such as coal, iron, och re, mangan ese, bauxite (aluminum), and gold, and ab ounds also in the finest marble. T he Georgia marble quarried in Pickens, Cherokee, and Gilmer co un ties, varies from pure white to pink," gray, chocolate brown and dark green, and has been employed in the construction of noted buildings in every part of the Union. No higher t rib ute t o its excellence can be given than the fact that with Vermont so near by, Georgia marbl e has been employed in the structure of the State capitols of Rhode Island and Main e, St. Luke's Hospital and the New Stock Exchange in New York and the Co rcoran Art Gallery in Washington. To the list of buildings which have used Geo rg ia marble in their construction we must add the United States Govern ment Building a t Boston, Massachusetts, and the State capitol of Minnesota, and in the interior fi nish the Georgia capitol and the Piedmont Hotel in Atlanta. From H olly Spring in Cherokee county beautiful serpentine has been procured for the decoration of buildi ngs, as may be se en, in Chicago and in the Prudential Building of Atlanta. Monol it hs of Georgia marble suitabl~ for huge columns can be quarried with ease, near Graysvill e, in Catoosa county. In Taylor's Ridge and n eighboring mountai ns, sandstone has bee n quarried to a large extent.
Yellow ochre, a kind of iron ore used in the manufacture of paint, abounds in Bartow county and mu ch of it has been shipped to England to be used in the manufacture of linoleum. A t Emerson in the same county is a factory for the manufacture of hydraulic cement a nd near by are quantities of iron ore. Graphite also is mined here.
This beaut iful section of the State, in addition to its min eral w ealth, ha s some of the fine t lands in Geo rgia. The bottom and valley lands are very fertile , producing the fin e t of the wh eat, rye and oats, splendid crops of corn , every vegetable grown in the_ orth and South and on some of the lands is <>Town th e bes t of upland cotton, w_h tch from its sup erior quality commands th e high est prices in the market. On the lu ll lope ~ are orchards of peaches, appl es and the vari ous small fruit s. Berries of every vanety and of the finest quality are raised for home consumption and for the we tern markets.
Manufacture, co mmerce and agriculture all combine to make a busy, prosperou s country. Hence g rowing cities and towns are found on its lines of raifway.

- GEORGIA'S R ESOURCES AND ADVA. .N,.T.A..GES.,..

31

Rome in F loyd county, the largest city of Northwest Georgia, has a very pictur-

e que situ'ation on hills and in the valley between the Etowah and Oostenaula at

the point wh ere they unite to form the Coosa. It is a g reat railroad center and at the

same time has a good steamboa t trade on the Oost~ n a ula and Coos.a. It has street

cars electric Ji o-hts, water works, manufactures of 1ron, cotto n, furn1ture, etc. It has

handsome residences and public buildings, a good system of public schools, is the seat

of tian

hodertneormiCnoaltlie~ones.for

ladies and is we ll supplied with Population, including suburbs,

churches of the different 14,0.00; in the corpo rate

Chrislimits,

7 291 of whom 4,457 are w hite and 2,834 colored .

' Floyd is a o-reat agricultural county, yielding bountifully grasses, clover and all the cereals, ma 1;y of the lands easily yielding 50 bushels of corn .and 40 of wheat to the acre, and producing besides t he best quality of upla.nd cotton. In fruits and berri e , Floyd is unsurpassed. Pecan t r ees a! o bear well m Floyd.

Cave Spr ing, in the beautiful <~.nd fertile Vann's Vall ey, has in its limi ts a large lim e ttlne caYe m t he side of a well-wooded hill, at the foot of which is a spring of cl ea r mild lim e tone water. This town is noted as the seat of the Georgia Academy for t'he Deaf and Dumb, and al so contain s Hearn Institute, Hearn Fe male Seminary and the \ Vesleya n Ins tit u te. Here al_so is a plant for steel and manganese and an

electric plant. At Lindak the proprietors of the great cotton factory have erected an elegant
school building with library and reading ro .Jm li g hted by electricity for th e benellt of the operatives. The lands in a nd around Rome as a center, r ange from $ro to $75 an acre, according to location and fertility.
Marietta, in Cobb county, 1,100 fee t ab .J ve sea level, is the n ext largest town of thi section, having a popi.tl at ion of 4,446, of w hi ch 2,516 are w hi te and 1,930 colored. I\ot far from the foot of the double-peaked Kennesaw Mountain, it has pure water, a fine climate, good schools, is well supplied with churches, is lig h ted by electr icity, has the .largest chair facto ry and largest paper mill in th e State, four marble yards, a large plant for fini hing ma rbl e, a ca nning factory, a creamery and other indu stries. In the beautifu l nati onal cemetery a re buried 10,000 Fede ral soldiers. At Kennesaw
Iountain was fouo- h t one of t he great battles of the Atla n ta campaign of 1864. In the northeastern part of Cobb county the splendid water power of the Chatta-
hoochee has built up R oswell , a growi ng manufacturing tow n with t wo large cotton factori es and a woolen mill.
At tl?e town of Powder Sp rin g are min eral waters hi g hl y impregnated w ith sulphur and mag ne ia.
Acworth like Ma ri et ta, o n the vVester n and At lantic railroad, is in t he midst of a fin e agricultural country a n d has a large flouring mill, a chair factory and variety w orks for turning o u t mantels, w h eelbarrows, etc. The surrou nding country is also rich in mineral . Cobb cou n ty has some lands which r ead ily yield 50 bushels of co rn and -!0 of whea t to t he acre, a nd also makes good yields of cotton of a sup er ior qualIty. It is no ted also for fine comm erc ial peach orchard s a nd r aises in profu sion all kinds of fruits, b errie a nd vege ta bles. Th e large poultry farm nea r Smyrna is one of the great enterp rises of t he county. Th e orice of la nd s in this country var y from $15. t o $6o. an acre.

Dalton in Wh itfield county comes closest t o Mari etta in size, having a population of 4,315, of w hom 3,356 are white a nd 959 colored . Li ke Rome and Marietta, it is well upplied with churches and schools, has gas and waterworks, large cotton and flouring 1111lls, can1~eri es and flouris h in o- com m ercial houses. There is h ere also a college for yo_un g la~1es. Da lton ha a pretty situation o n the \Vestern a nd A tl anti c and Southern railw~ys 111 a fer til e va ll ey, just east of Rpcky Face and Chattooga mountains. Though reachmg to the Tennessee lin e, W hitfi eld county in addition t o fin e crops of cereals pro du ce cotto n of fine qua li ty and lik e F loyd, Bartow and Cobb, ha s g-ood dairy farms

GEORGIA's R ESOURCES AND ADvANTAGES.

33

'.

well stocked with Jerseys and other good breeds. Fruits and vegetables are raised in

abundance. . Detweet1 Dalton and Marietta on th e Western and \tlan tic railroa d is Carter.sville,

in Bar tow cou nty the terminus of the East and West railroad which runs in a south-

westerly directio n 'into the State of Alabama. All aro_und thi s thrivi_ng little city are

fine cotton corn and wheat lands and tn close prox;mtty are beds of tron ore and man-

ganese. Ochre is ext ensively mined and Cartersvills ranks first in the county in th e

manufacture of ochre and second in the shipment of man ganese. It ha s a population

s ovfen3i,e1n3ceosf

which the whites of larrrer places,

number such as

r,68o and the ~la~ks l AS S gas and electnc ltghts, tee

Cartersville factory and

has the conwaterworks.

It a! 0 ha man~factories of iron and steel. Bartow county is n ot only a fine agri-

cultural region, but is full of ma.nufacturing plants of every kind and _enterp_risi~g

towns and vi lbges such as Adatrsvt!le, Wt1tCI1 has one of the largest flounng mtlls 111

Georrria, Emerson with its cement and piaster works, Cassville w:th its tannery, and Allat~ona with its go ld stamping mill.

All throurrh the cou nty in town and country are schools and church es.

Polk is a"'rrood cou nty for all farm stock. Many of .the lands hav e rich so il and those of Ceda~ Va lley through which runs Cedar Creek, are eq ual to the lan ds in the

blue-grass region of Kentucky. They double in some crops the productiveness of other

lands that are rated as good and with other crops more than double them.

Cedartown, the cou nty site, so named from the g rowth of cedar in its vt cimty, on

the form er Chattanooga, Rome and Southern railway, now a part of th e Ce ntral of

~Georgia railway system, at the point where it is crossed by the East and \Vest ra il-

way, has manufactories of cotton, cotton-seed oil, knitting mills, an iron furnace, elec-

tric power cotton gin, a system of waterworks owned by the city ar.:l ::n electric light

plant. Population 2,823-white, 2,067, colored 7S6. The State quarry near Rockmart

seems to have an inexhaustible supply of slate for roofing. At this place is the flour-

ishing Piedmont Institute for boys and girls.

hattoorra is a cou nty of market gardens, orchards, minerals and manufactories on

a large scale. Splendid crops are raised of corn, wheC!Jt, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes,

al so ome cotton. It is a fine country for hay. No finer peaches or strawberries are

raised anywhere than on its hills and ridges.

Iron, bauxite, clay, lim estone, manganese, coal, s"late, talc and sandstone abound.

Iron is mined at Dirtsell er Mountain, near the town of Lyerly, at Shinbone Ridge near

Menlo and Taylor's Ridge near Summerville, and in the town limits of Summerville

bauxite is mi ned. Red iron ore is found in six different veins. Chert is shipped from the

neighb orhood of Summerville in great quantities. This well built town is surrounded

by pro perous farms cultivated after the most approved methods. Near by also are

large cotton mills.

Trion with its extensive cotton mills is the largest town in the county (population 1,926).

1" lou r, g rist, saw mills and tanneries are scattered over the county and schools and churches are in every neighborhood.
In thi cou nty are the beautiful and fertile valleys of Chattooga, Broomtown and \.rmu chee.
C~toosa c?u~ty has fine farming lands with prosp ero us farms and gardens and rich depo tts of butldtnrr stones of which the sandstones and limestones are of superior quality. In .thi c_oun tv is the noted health resort known ' as Catoosa Springs, famed for the v_aned .mtneral waters. The county has flour, grist and lumber mills and is well supplted wtth schools and churches. Ringgold is its county site beautifully situated on th~ n?rtl~ and west of Taylor's Ridge. Named for the gallant Marylander who lo t ht ltfe 111 the first battle of the Mexican war, this 11ttle town was itself the scene of the gallant combat by which General Cleburne in November r863 saved the artillery

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GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

35

and trains of Bragg's defeated army, for which he and his troops received the thanks
of the Confederate Congress. Go rdon co unty, well watered by the Oostenaula, Coosawattee and Connesauga riv-
ers has soils similar to those of Floyd and Bartow, producing the finest of wheat, oat~, rye, corn, potatoes of both kinds, every variety of vegetables and cotton of good quality . It is also a good fruit countY:. 1t has deposits of bauxite, lim estone, iron and, near the town of Calhoun, black and vanegated marbles.
Most of the products of the county are marketed at Calhoun, situated in the rich valley of the Oostenaula on the Western and Atlantic railway. Resaca, named for the second battle of the Mexican war, was itself the scene of fierce fightin g in May, r864, as was also Lay's Ferry.
Flou r and grist mills, a large brickyard and many small industries and good commercial houses add to the comforts of the people. Schools and churches are scattered
all over the county'.

Paulding county has fine bodies of land along the Tallapoosa river1 Pumpkinvine, Sw eetwater .and oth er creeks, yielding abundantly of the crops already mentioned as produced by other counties of this sectiOn.
During the ca mpaign of r864 for ten days, from May 25th to June 4, there was constant fighting along the line of Pumpkinvine creek from Dallas to Allatoona, marked by the fierce combats of New Hope church, Pickett's Mill and Dallas, the whole series of battles and skirmishes being called by both J ohn~ton and Sherman the battle of New Hope Church and pronounced by Sherman a drawn battle.
There are good water powers on some of the streams and some of them are utiliz ed by grist mills.
With plenty of good freestone water and a healthful climate and schools and churches this is a fine country in which to make a home.
Murray co unty, though not yet traversed by a railroad, is in easy distance of two great lines and through the Coosawattee which empties into the Oostenaula it has steamboat transportation to Rome, the leading market of Northwest Georgia. The Western and Atlant ic railroad runs close to its southwestern line, and Da'lton in Whitfield county, where this road crosses the Southern railway, it is the chief market for a large part of Murray county. Well watered by the Connesauga and Coosawattee rivers and their branches, the lands are fertile, producing in abundance the crops already mentioned in the counties of this section and affording also fine pasturage for sheep and cattle. This county is rich in minerals and on the Cohutta Mountains, which cross its eastern section, profitable mining has been done.
Along this beautiful range in sheltered orchards some of the most luscious fruit is grown.

Spring Place, the co unty site. in the midst of charming scenery, with the Cohutta

Mountains in full view, ha s a handsome Court House, good schools and churches, which

are scattered also over every section of the county.

All over the county are mineral springs, of which the Cohutta Springs, ten miles

from Spring Place, are the most noted.

1

Cherokee, Gilmer, Pickens and Fannin are traversed bv the Atlanta, Knoxville and

orthern Railway , from which at Blue Ri dge, the county site of Fannin, there runs

off a branch road to the northeast. These coum:ies have already been mentioned as

famous for their rich veins of beautiful marble of several varieties. Cherokee is also one

of the chief gold mi nin g co unties of Georgia and has besides deposits of iron , mica, talc,

marble and other minerals. Near Canton, the county site is a spring, strongly im-

p_regnated w ith alum and noted for great curative powers. This town, beautifully

. ttuated on an emi nence around whose base flows the Etowah river, has a mill for saw-

mg and finishing marble and for monumental work.

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GEORGIA'S RESOURCE AND ADVANTAGES.

37

F rom the vi llage of Ball Ground r.uns a short railroad about ten miles long to the

quarries.

.

.

.

Pckens is noted for 1ts great abundance of the finest marble, of w h1 ch vast quanti-

ties are blocked o ut in th e quarries and conveyed to Marietta ove r t he A tlanta, Knoxvill e

and ~ orthern railroad. At and near Tat e are some of the ri-ch est marble quarries

of th e U nited tates. The crops are thos ~ already menti oned as belonging to thi s

ection of Georgia a nd tlie valley lands are excee ding ly fertil e.

t \ \'ale ka, eig"ht mil es from Canton , is th e R ei nhardt No rmal Coll ege, a fin e

chool for bO \'S an I girl s. The va ll ~y lands of Fa nnin and Gilm er are al so very produ ctiv e. Gold and copper
are found in Fannin and go ld a nd iron in Gilmer, in which latt er co un ty there is also <Treat abundance of beautiful marble, both th e pure white and vari egated, -limestone, a nd ton , mica, slate a nd granite. Cotton is not rai sed in Fannin and very littl e in Gilmer. But there a re in t he va ll eys fin e crops of wheat, co rn, barley and oats. A ll vege-

tab le do well. Apple of fine q ua lity are rai sed in both these co unti es and can be kept almost

fro m one end of the year to the other. At l\Iorganton in Fa nnin is the North Georgia Baptist College, a fine institution. The railroad has oTeatly developed both of th ese count ies, as may be seen from
the fact that the town of Blu e Ridge, th e county site of Fa nnin , had in 1890 only 264 inhabitants and in 1900 contained a population of r ,r48, nearly all being wh ite. The neg roe in Fan nin county number on! y 296 in a total popu lation of r 1,214 and in Gilm er cou nty 77 out of a t otal of 10,198.

The eastern sectio n of To rth Georgia emb races t h e counti es of Fo rsyth, Dawson, Lumpkin , nion, Town , \ iVh ite, Hall, Rabun, Habersham , Ban ks, Franklin and Hart.
Rabun , Town and U nion fo rm the north ern ti er of these counties. Close t o th e n rthw e ter n co rn er of U nion county passes th e railroad t hat run s from Blue Ridge in Fannin county to M urphy in Torth Carolina and a road fr om Talltflah Falls running northwa rd th rough Rabun to F ranklin in N orth Carolina is rapidl y approachi ng comp leti on. vVith the e except ions this part of the mountain section of Georgia is w itho ut rail road fac ili tie . T he co unt ies of W hi te, Lumpkin , Dawson and l~ orsyth .are also as yet without uch advantages. In Towns th ere is abundance of granite and serpentin e quarrie for building. Iro n, chrome, magne tite, manganese, asbestos, tal c, ochre, yellow and reel plumbago, buh r. ome ge ms and plenty of corundum are found. At Tate
ity. there is a large pla n t for m ining corundum. Th e moun tain streams afford fine water power . At Yo un g Harris is a Methodist college a nd at Hiawassee is one belongi ng to the Bapti t .

In the we tern part of U ni on are found iron ore, a lum , sulpha te of iron and granite quartz. There are large quarri e of millsto ne of excell ent qual ity. On Ivy Log, B rass Town and Coosa creek gold has b een foun d and al so vari egated marble.
The mineral product of R abu n are gold, copper, corundum , mi ca, asbestos and and tone. Iron, carbonate of iron and alum are found .
The celebrated Tal lulah Fall , a successs ion of beautiful cascades and a grand cha m afford some of the most picturesque views in the United States.
The apple , ca bb ages and chestnuts pro duce d in thi s part of t he State are very fin e. Lumpkin cou nty is in th~ h ea rt of th e g 0ld belt of Georgia. Many millions of dolla have been taken from its mines and for the last half century the vicinity of Dahlonega . its county sit e. has bee n the center of the most extensive gold mining
operati_on of Georgia. Just east of Dahlonega is a long lin e of hig h ridges and hills extendtng many miles to t he so uth east , which form the ax is of the gold belt and arc co_vere 1 all over with th e prospector's pits, cuts and tunn els. There are tw elve gold mtn e~ now in ope rati on payng" good dividend s . In almost every part of t he county gold 1 found and the ev id en ce of its exist- ence eve ry where meets the eye.

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

39

Dahlonega w ith a population of 1,255, stretches along a high hill commansfing a fin e view of Walker' s Mossy Creek and Y onah mountains.
In White county, which was formed from Lumpkin and Habersham counties, were di scover ed the first gold min es in Georg ia. Gold and abse stos a re still mined to a con iderable extent. There are several mines of gold and quarries of asbestos and

five successful gold mills. Th e beau tiful Iacoo chee Valley, as fe rtile as it is fair, is in White county. Dawson county is also in the gold region. On nearly every branch that flows
into the Etowah from its nonth side is a p lacer gold min e and from the bed of the ri ver it elf large quantiti es of gold have been taken and washed out with an iron pan, rewarding well the labor thus employed. In this county are the falls of Amicalola, from the summit of whi ch the app earance of the range of mo untains to the South, and west, can scarcely be suspassed in g rand eur.
Forsyth is another gold co unt y. Some of the mines have y ielded la rge amounts of gold. Much of the scenery is beautiful, especially in the neighborhood of Cumming, th e county site. Some silver and copper have been found in this county.
In Hall county there are profitable gold mines and iron, lead and silver are found in small quantities. Large quantiti es of brick and lim e ar e m ade and there is a large
upply of building stones. This county has several valuabl e waterpowers aggregatin g 6,ooo horse-powers, some of w hi ch are utilized by flo ur a nd g ri st mills.
Gainesville, the county site, o n the Southern Railway about 53 mills from Atlanta is a grow in g city in a fine farming co unty, with manufacturing establishments of ma ny kinds including g reat cotto n mills in and arou n d its corporate limits. The ele tric light plant and waterworks a r e owned by th e city. The Gainesvi lle, J efferon and Southern Rai lway con nects Gainesville with Monroe and So cial Circle in \ Valton county and by an othe r branch with J effers on in Ja ckson county. Gainesville's total population is 4,382, of w hi ch 3,196 are white and 1,186 are colored. In this city are Brenau Coll ege and Con:>ervatory of Music fo r ladi es and t he Georgia Military fnstitute for young men. Later estimates pla ce th e population of Gainesville at 6,500.

In Habersham cou nty are fou nd iron ore of superior quality, w hile granite of th e

:rery be t i found in apparent ly an inexhaustib le supply. Ther e a r e also large depos-

It of aold , copper, ma nganese ochre, m arb le, slate, graph ite, mi ca, talc and sand-

stone. sbe to i b ein!{ profitab ly worked. Toccoa is a thriving town of 2,176 in-

h abitants on the outhe rn ra il way at the junction of th e E lberton branch with th e

main trunk lin e. \ iVith in th ree mil es of th e town is t he beautiful fa ll of Toccoa. Dem -

orest on . the Tallulah Falls Railway has a good trade and commands from all sides a l~)Vely v1ew. Clarkesvi ll e on the sam e railway, from its high ridge near the Soque

nver. p resc.nt~ to the eye of the tourist. a mag nificen t v iew of the su rroundin g country.

Corn elJa IS a g rowin g place on the Sou thern Railway with several manufacturin <r

e tablishments.

.

Banks , .F ranklin and Hart com plete the list of North Geo rg ia counties. These

ar e fine. a!{ncultu ra l coun ties, but in Fra nklin and Hart th ere are also exten sive man-

ufactone . c. prcially in an d a round Lavonia and Royston in Franklin county and in

Hartwell and vicin itv in Hart coun ty. Lav onia. the largest town in Franklin county.

on a branch of the outhern Railwav. h as in the town and sub urb s, a pop ulation of

2 093 t Har twell is the Hartwell Collegiate instit ute.

~e

~IIapthl ee

e Iorthea t Georgia counties h ave splendid crop wh ich we have alreacl y nam ed in

land s fo r t h e the cou nties

production of of Northwest

'eor~ta. excellent also for vegetables a nd frui ts. In the upp er tier of the mountain

~ountte cotton i not ra ised. In m a ny locali ties tobacco is cultivated and some of th e

drme~ make a fair profit from its sa le. Splendid apples are raised all over North

heorgta and the most lu scious peaches are produ cerl in the great orchards that dot

t e tops and slopes of the hills in all the counties traversed by the various lines of

G EORGIA'S RESOU RCES AND A DVANTAGES .

41

railw ay on the western side an d the Southeern ra ilway and its bran ches on the eastern.
c. 1r. I. \1\f ade, a Nor thern ge n tlem an a n d ex-U n ion soldier, at o ne tim e land a nd in-

d ustrial agent of th e So u thern ra ilway, n ow m akes his _hom e at Corn elia a nd co.nsiders th a t reo-ion one of t he gar de n spots of th e wo rl d. Ho n. 0. B. Stevens, CommiS-

s ioner of Ao- ri'cu lture, has o rchard s of appl es a nd peaches at Corn elia an d cons id erE t hem a spl~n d i d invest men t. S traw b.e rri es a n d ra spb erri es o.f the fin est v~riet i es a rc rai sed in profu sion a ll over t he count ies of N orth west Georg ia a long th e lmes of th e
v estern a nd Atlantic, the So uth ern , th e Central of Georgia, t he Cha ttanooga Sout h-

ern and t he Alabama Great Sout hern , and in Northeast Georg ia along the Sou thern

and it bran ches. Grap es t ab are ab undanl a nd in th e vi neyar ds a round Cornelia and at ot her points ai'e fou ncl th e best varieti es. Most of the chestnuts sold in t he ci ti es

a ml tow ns of Geo rg ia in the fall a nd w in te r a re r aised in the north ern t ier of count ie . Th e mos t m agnfi cent cabbages, w hit e a nd crisp, are raised in this same section, as are al so turnips o f g reat size a nd excell en t fla vor. A ll th e vegetables of the North

an d of th e South are g rown in t hese hi g hly favored loca li ties. A ll th e g rasses and cl ove r a re g rown to p erfect ion a nd a ll kin ds of live-stock

t hrive a nd o-ive good profit s to th ose w ho r aise t hem. Po ultry, eggs and honey are abundant and the ma n who knows how b make a good farm in any other part of

th e U nited S tates can fin d here all that heart can w ish . Th ere are a lso vast stretches of for est lan d hav ing all kinds of ha rdwoo d, such
as oaks of seve ral vari eties, pin es of two var ieti es, poplar, ash, bee ch , elm, ch estnut , h icko ry, map le, walnu t , iro n woo d, sugar b erry, syca more, sweetg um, dogwood, per-

s imm on, assafras, w il d cherry , cedar and bu ckeye. Th ese woo ds are b eing utilized in

a ll t he custo mary ways.

A ll t he cit ies and town s of any commercial importa nce have goo d ba nkin g facil

ities, well eq ui pped s tores, goo d sch ools an d churches . In the t hinly settled moun-

tain r egions of co urse chu rch and school ad van tages are not so good, a nd yet th ere is scarce ly a co rn er into w hi ch Chri stian minist ers h ave not born e th e lig ht of th e gos-

pel or t he school t eacher carried th e t orch of kn owledge. Th e climate is bracing a nd healthful , th e w ater pure a nd cool, th P. sce nery often charmin g in its b eauty or awe-in sp irin g in its g ra ndeur.

T h ere are many rough and rugged places and one often meets rude and unlettered

people. But show us the coun try t hat is devo id of such drawbacks . Th e a dvantages of Nor th Geo rgia far outweig h th e disadvantages , an d t akin g it

all in all , one can har dly find a mo r e invitin g fi eld for enterp r ise or for t he buildin g of happy homes.

To the touri t , Nor thw est Georgia possesses ma ny attractions, especially along th: \ Vestern and Atlant ic r ai lroad, the scene of m a ny co mbats in th e Atl anta campa ig n of 1864. At Chi ckamaug a , t he scene of a g r ea t bat tl e in Sep tember, 1863, is a

beautiful nati onal park an d here we re assemb led 'durin g th e Spa ni sh A m eri can w ar so~s of th e men w ho had so b rave ly g rappled w it h each ot h er in t h e sad days of t nfe.

Middle Georg-ia.- T he South ern tier of th e counties th at h ave been describ ed under the head of No rth Georg ia is often inclu ded in M iddl e Geo r~ia . Th e co un ti es just

south of them, viz.: EJbert. Mad ison , J ackson, Gw innett, M ilton . D eKalb, F ulton,

Douglas,. Carroll and Haralson. a lthoug-h a long th e lower ed g-e of t he P ied m ont regio n

a nd con Irlerably above ortIlern pa rt of w hat

th e cen te r of is known as

the Sta Mi ddl e

tGee' oarrge-ia"o,'-ewn ehrialell

yR irceho...-,ma rodnedd.

as bei vVarr

enn,o..-,,

in th e Han-

cock. Baldwi.n , J ones, Bihb . Cr awfor d, U pson, Talbot a nd M nscog-ee may very proper~y be considered as on th e So ut hern border of th e m iddl e belt. I n th e bala nce of

th is sketch of Geo rgia . in order t o avoid const ant repeti t ion. let us say that schools an d ch urche abound in eve ry citv town and ,-ill aoe a nd throu o-h out th e rural dist ri ct5 1'\ ga m , a ltho ugh throug h M iddl e Georgia w"e' have corn , "w' h eat , oats, rye, and

GEoRGIA' s REsouRcEs A ND ADVANTAGES.

43

other crops like t hose of North Geor&"ia, let. it b(~ rememb ered that this is the home

of cotton the chi ef m oney crop of thts sectiOn.

.

Afte; the close of the war of the R evolution, beginning at the eastern counties,

the im mirrrants w ho poured in to Georgia from Virginia and th e Carolinas, rap idly ext ended tl~ei r settlements westward, encroaching more and more upon the lands of the

Indians until after the removal of the various nations of the Creeks beyond the Mississipp i ' th e who le of Middle Georgia became the ho~11e of the white. man, who, with

his nerrro ser va nts, opened up fi eld after field and built towns and v tllages. A mon g the ea~l y settlers the V irg inian s were so numerous th~t the In.di~n~, as we are told

by Governo r Gilmer, nearl y always spoke of the Georgtans as V trg tmans.

As towns g rew up and became centres of trad e, railroads from th e eastern side

of the State were built t o reach th em. F irst ca me th e Georgia Railroad, running

from Augusta up in to the P ied m ont section, th en the Central from Savannah. These

roads, with their numerous branches, soon brough t all the important towns of Mid-

dle Georgia into communication w ith each other and th ey began to grow rapidly in

wealth a nd importance. The Georgia railroad was begun in 1833 and was largely

owned by residents of Augusta, while th e Central was a great enterprise of the citi-

zens of avannah and was begun -a short while after the Georgia .railroad. The chief

cities of Middle Georgia in th e order of their size are A tlanta, Augusta, Macon, Co-

lumbus and Athens. W hil e rail roads have been a very important factor in their up-

building, they owe th eir chi ef importan ce t o the fact that th ey furni sh the most con-

venient markets fo r t h e rich upland agricultural regio n in which they are located and

have abundance of cotton, lumb er and other materi als n ecessary for manufacturing.

The splendid water powers found all throug h the Middle Georgia counties began to

be utilized way back in the thirt ies and flour, grist and cotton mills beg an to spring

up on every ide. Agri culture, railroads and manufactures conspired to build up all

the cities and tow n s of thi s section.

Atlanta, the youngest of all these citi es, is now the largest city between Washin rrton and New Orleans. In 1837 th e Southeastern terminus of t he Western and Atlantic railroad was establish ed near w h ere the Union Passenger Depot n ow stands ( 1904) , and Termi nu s was th e name given to the site thu s chosen. Soon afterwards the Georrria railroad was extend ed to this point. The Macon a nd Western came n ext and th e new railroad center was in 1843 named Marthasvill e in compliment to th e daughter of ex-Govern or Lumpkin, who had been distin g ui sh ed by his g r eat interest in r ailroad enterprises in Georgia. On th e 29th of December, 1847, the legisl ature in corporated as t he city of Atla nta the new t ow n which was already g iving evidence of rapid growth. Its name is derived from Atlantic, because it was considered as th e gateway for trade from the west seeking a passage through Georgia to the Atlantic ocean. Hence also the titl e "Gate City," often applied to it. By the United States census of 1850 the popu lation was 2, 572. Until 1853 it was in th e limits of DeKalb county of which Decatur was, as it sti ll is, th e county site. In that year the .county of Fulton was formed and Atlanta made th e coun ty site. By the census of 186o the popula~io n of At lanta was 9,554. During the civil war it was the seat of imp ortant mdustnes, the chi ef ob ject of whi ch was t he uph olding of the military power of the Confederate States. H ence it b ecame the prize for which desperate battles were fought and at last was captured by the powerful army under General Sh erman ( September 2nd, 1864). When Sherman starte d to the sea (November 15th, 1864), he ordere~ everythin g burned except the mere d welling houses a nd churches and no precautt ~ ns were taken to prevent th e spr ead of the fl ames . O nly 450 hous es, in cl uding dwellmgs and churches, escaped. Stores, workshops, mills, and most of the residences were redu ced to ashes. E ven before the close of hostiliti es in the following spring, the people began to return and rebuild the ruined city. Before the approach of the hosttl e army, the population of Atlanta had reached 14,000. There were very few of

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G~::oRGIA's REs ouRcE.:; AND ADVANTAGES .

45

th e e. wh o di d not r eturn , and, soon after peace had come to stay, new c1t1zens from

all over the out h and No rth began to fl ock in ami by the cens us of 1870, a little over

fiv e year from t he time of its destructio n, At lanta numb ered in its corporate limits,

21 789 in habitant .

-

' Th e city wa made t he capita l of Georgia in r868, and in 1877 the people of

eoro-ia voted to make it th eir perman ent capital. The ha ndso me cap itol building wa ~rected on a lot do nated by t he city during the ad mini strat ion of Govern or Mc-

Daniel and co t $r,ooo,ooo. It enjoys th e distinction of being one of th e few public

buildin o- in the U nited Sta tes, w hose cost came within th e approp riation se t apart

for its completion.

By the ce nsus of ISJOO, the pop ul a ti on of Atlanta was 89,872, and , in cl uding th e immediate suburbs, 103,000. T he wh ite population in th e corp orate limits was 53,9o8, and the colored 35,967. O n every side are still to be seen the evidences of rap id growth, and j udo-i ng by the past, one can safe ly_place the popula t ion at this time as
con iderabl y ove r roo,ooo. Atlanta i one of the best built cities of the U nited States. Handsome public and
private buildings, sp lend id h otels, han dsome churches and elegan t school buildings b epeak ente rp ri e and in creas in ,. wealth . ~ts mil es of well paved streets extend out from th e city in to fir t cia s McAdamized roads.
E lectr ic cars bring it into cl ose connection with all th e suburban villages and town and electric lights make its m ain thoroughfares at nig ht almost as brig ht as day . In t he city limi ts and in its vici nity are great manufacto ri es of various kind s and 1ts commerce is exte nsive and rapidly g rowing.
L ocated in Atlanta ar the Technological School for whites , Atlanta U niversity and Clark University for co lored, a law coll ege, business coll eges, m ed ical colleges and two dental coll eges.
Beside Atlan ta there are in Fu lton county the follo wing towns : East Point (pop~tlation , I,315), ol lege Pa rk ( population, 517 ), Hapeville (population, 430), Oakland
ity (popul ation, 823) . A t Coll ege Park is th e Cox Co llege, a w ell equipped and up to-date institution; a t Hapevi lle, th e Baptist O rph ans' Hom e, and at East Point man y important manufactu ring pla nts. Hapevill e is on th e Central of Georg ia railway in close connection w ith Atlan ta. College Park and East Point are on both the steam and electric railway lin es. Edgewood with a population of 1,285 , a suburb of Atlanta, i in Del alb county.

Decatur. t he co un ty site of DeKalb, six miles fr um th e U nion D epot in Atlanta . and connected w ith that city by the Georgia railway and three electri c lines, is th e eat of Agnes cott In st itute for yo un g- ladies. Near by is th e Orphan Hom e of th e ~ o rth Georo-ia con ference of the Methodist Episcopa l cht,rch, South, and in th e vicinIty are cotton mill and fe r tilizer fa ctori es. Population , 1,418.

The tow n of Stone Mountain on th e Georgia Railroad, about ten miles northeast

of of

Decatur, derive i,ts nam e from a th e . ea and 9?0 feet above th e

great surro

m un

ounta ding

icno

uonf

to~-rya. nitFero1.'msoothfeee

t above t quarries

he at

level and

nea_r th1 mountam are cut imm en e q uantiti es of th e best gran ite to be found in the

. lllted ta_te . a_nd at L ith onia in th e south east ern part of DeKalb coun ty, th e quar-

n es of gne1ss bn ng- hands ome profits to th ei r o wners.

In Gwinnett cou nty, Lawrenceville, th e co un ty site on th e Seaboard Air Lin e rail-

way, ar:d Buford on the South ern , are thriving town s. Buford. the larger, with a

pop_ulatwn of 1,352, ha th ree large harness facto ries on e smaller one an d four t a n-

nenes and a.t L aw rencevill e is a cotton mill

'

I r: tI11S county g-ra nite is abun d:~ nt. iro n. quartz and buhrsto ne are found and

thereI 1 <_Jme golr! 1 n t he Cha ttahooc hee ri ve' r and at a fev oth er points.

n Mllton co~mty on the upp er edge of F ul ton there is abundance of timber and

!
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fI )

t:.

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

47

stone for building purposes. Th?ugh no railr~ad passes through the county, the

Sout hern Railway runs close by 1ts boundary lme. Dougla , Carroll and Haralson coun~ies are bmught into close .touch .with Atla~

ta by one of the lines of the Southern Ra 1lway. In each of these counties there IS

abundan ce of hard wood, and so me pine. The water is cool and healthful, the cli-

mate bracing. In Douglas count~ are .t~e. lithia sprin~s, a favorite health resort, whose

w aters are highly prized for the1r med1c1nal propertres.

In Carroll cou nty gold , copp er, iron, py rites, mi ca and asbestos are found in work-

able quantities. The go ld is said .to be of very fine quality. Near Villa Rica is an

extent of country six miles long and one mile wide are several mines yielding large

amounts of gold. Q uartz and granite are also found.

.

Gold i mined exte nsiv ely in Haralson co un~y, also, and the Royal Gold Mine at

Tallapoosa ha a plant which cost $200,000. This is a great county for vineyards

and near Tallapoosa are two wineries, one of which manufactures unfermented wine.

Tallapoo a, the co unty site, has a pop ulation of 2,128 inhabitants.

Among the manufa ctories of Haralson county may be mentioned a glass factory, a charcoal pig iron furnace, and flour, gm~t and saw mills.
A cotton mi!f a nd cottonseed-oil mills are among the manufactories of Carroll-
ton, the county site of Carroll county. In Campbell and Coweta counties .there are inexhaustible supplies of granite, ex-
tensive deposits being in the vicinity of Newnan, while near Grantville gold is obtain ed in payable quantities. In both these counties and in Troup county are large manufacturing establishments. The fruit industry of Coweta is steadily growing.
ine miles cast of Newnan is Vina Vista, one of the most complete wineries in the South. Tewnan, the county site of Coweta, a thriving little city of 3,654 inhabitants, has electric lights, ice plant, waterworks, a good fire departm ent and splendidly paying industries.

LaGran ge, the county site of Troup, with a population of 4,274, has waterworks,

electric iights and with its two colleges for ladies is a place of great refinement and

culture. It if surroun ded by a magnificent farming country, market gardens and or-

chards and in its vicinity is a noted creamery. Dairy and beef cattle and fine stock of

all kinds indicate the thrift of the people.

West Point, another large manufacturing town of Troup county, owns its own

electric lights and waterworks. It is on th e bord er of Alabama and Georgia. There

are in its corporate limits inside the Georgia line 1,797 inhabitants. Near West Point

!s a large Pecan Grove. M eriwether county is rich in min eral deposits such as gold,

1ron asbestos and gran ite. The gold min es even with primitive methods have yield-

ed handsomely for forty yea rs. At Chalybeate Spring iron ore of th e best quality is

foun?. .The asbe tos deposits are abundant in yield and easily worked. Meriwether

gramte IS equal to that of Quincy, Massachusetts and susceptible of very fine polish.

The church of St. Luke in Columbus, Ga., use d this g ra nite exclusively in its elegant co lu mns ~nd th~ other g ranite w ork employed in its construction. This county is fa~

mou for 1ts spnngs, the Chalyb eat e and Warm Springs and al so has fine farming

lands.

'

Heard county also has ab undan ce of granite and possesses splendid farming lands.

Fayette a.lso has fine farming lands. Coweta, Troup, Meriwether and Fayette all

possess magmficent water powers. Clayton and Henry have good water powers and

ome fine farm lands a nd are prosp.e rous counties. Asbestos is found in Clayton and

Henry county, cotton ranks hi rrh in the market.

f1 ~o~kdale C01'nty P.roduces much paving and building material and has several

~un Wl~h

ahpmogpulmatai.onnufoafctJu~n6onsg,

plants. Conyers, the county site on the Georgia railroad, has an active cotton trade. Its paper mill, fertilizer factory

an cottonseed-oil mill pay goou profits.

49
ewton is a fine agricultural ~ounty with good paying manufacturing industries. Covina-ton .the county site (population; 2,062) on the Georgia railroad and the .terminus of a b~anch of the .Central_; has large cotton mills in its vicinity ,and is connected by a street railway wit!~ Dxfm: d, the seat of -the _g:eat South ern ~etho?ist Institution, Emory Coll ege. The sub~rbs of the two towns JOm at the Georg1a Ra ilroad. . .
Social Ci rcle (populatiOn, 1,229), a town of Walton county, on the Georg1a ra!lroad ha s a cottonseed-oil mill, a fertilizer factory and some sma ll er industries, and by .t'he Ga in esv ill e, J effers on and_ Southern ?ranch of the s;eorgia Railroad, is connected wi th Monroe, the county s1te (populatiOn, r,846) , whrch has also a cottonseedoi l mill besides a cotton mill and prosperous mercantile establishments.
M;dison (population, 2,000), also on th e Georgia Railroad, one of the most beautiful of the small cities of Georgia, has a cotton-oil mill , fertilizer factory and other industri es. It is the county seat of Morgan, a well wa.tered and fertile county noted . for large yields of fruits, wheat, corn an'd cotton. Madison has electric ligh ts and waterworks.
Eatonton (population, r,823) connected by railroad with Covington, Madison, and Mi ll edgev ill e, a beautifu l ,town, adorned with many shade trees, is the county site of Putnam. It is in the cen ter of a fin e cotton section and has three cotton fact ories and a shoe fa ctory. In its vicinity are raised peaches, plums, and grapes. Within twelve miles of this tow n are the Oconee Springs, noted for their mineral properties. There are fine water powers in Ptttnam county.
Monticello (population, r,ro6), the county site of Jasper county, on a branch of th e Geo rgia Railroad, has a harness and collar factory and a bobbin factory. Near it is a pecan grove and orchard s of peaches and avples.
Baldwin is a good, substantial old county with fin e farms, orchards and gardens an I fine water powers at Furman's Shoals, three miles above Mi ll edgeville. This city (population, 4,219), the county site of Batdwin, and for many years the capital of Georgia, is s ituated at .the head of navigation of the Oconee river. It is lighted by electricity, has fine commercial advantages,being o n. two railroads, the Georgia and th e Central, and has a g rain mill, oil mill, fertilizer factory, repair shops and other small indu stri es. It is also a fam ous educational center, being th e seat of the Georgia M ilitary and Agricultural college, a branch of the State U niversity, a-nd the Normal and Industrial Coll ege fo r You ng Ladies. It ha s fin e public schoo ls. The State Sanitarium for the In sane, the largest institution of its kind under one management in the world, is three mi les west of Milledgeville. Nine mil es south of M ill edgevill e is Steve ns' Pottery, at one of the fin est clay deposit s in A merica.
Athens, the county seat of Clarke county, with a population of 10,245, is connected by rail with Atlanta and Augusta and with the chief towns of the neighboring co unties. It is on the Oconee Riye r, which affords splendid water power for its large cotton factories, cottonseed-oil mills and other industri es. Beautiful in situation, adorn ed with handsome homes, at an elevation of 8oo feet, w hich renders its climate d~ l ightful, with gas and electri c lights, waterworks, ice plants and electric railway, \~1th fine co mm er cia l advantages , it is al so the seat of the State University, t h e Sta te
ormal chool for both sexes, and Lucy Cobb Institute for ladies. It has long borne the name "Classic City."
Commerce (a new name for the much more euphonious one of Harmony Grove), th~ Iaro-e t town of J acksoi1 county, on a branch of the Southern Railway, ha s a cotton n~!ll , cottonseed-oil mill , two potteries and factories for making wagons and buggl~s, harn es and mattresses.
J'l:ck on, of which Jefferson is the county site, is a fin e agricultural county. The ame I tru~ of O co nee and Madison counties, each of wh ich has splendid waterpo~v:e r ' wh1ch at High Shoals on ' the Appalachee river, in Oconee county, have been utlhzed by a cotton factory.
UNIV. OF GEORGIA liBRARIES

GEORGIA'S RESO.URCES AND ADVANTAGES.

51

Elbert is one of th e finest agricultural counties of Georgia and Elberton, the

county site is one of its most progressiv e. tow.ns. Its population is 3_,834,. of which

2 224 are white and I ,6Io colored. At the JUnctiOn of the Seaboard A 1r Lme and a b'ranch of the Southern system, it has a large cotton trade and important manufactories, including a cotton mill, cotto r~seed-oil mill an~ planing mills. It has

electr ic li rrh ts wate rworks and good public schools, and hke all the town s and cities of its"' se~tio n, is well supplied with churches. There is a cotton factory at Beverly on Beaver ~a~ Cre~ k . ~n the county are three guano factories, tw<;> carriage

factorie s a Jarae fliun ng mdl w1th patent roller process, and four quarnes from

which a;e obtained as fine g ranite as can be found in th e State of Georgia.

The waterpowers of Elbert county are immense and there is room for many larg"

mil ls without danger of exhau sti ng th em. Oglethorpe, which is separated from Elbert by the Broad ri ver, has al~o fine water powers and contains som.e of the finest farms

in Georgia, on some of wh1ch beef cattle of the best breed are ra1sed for the market.

Wilkes is one of the oldest and best c:ounties of Georgia , being up-to-date in agri-

culture as well as rich in min eral s, suc.h as granite and quartz, and having also some

gold and iron. Two gold min es are r:ofitably worked. There are fin e waterpowers,

especially at Anchovy Shoals, amountmg ther e to 75,000 horse-powers.

Washington, the county site, is one of th e most beautiful of Georgia towns and

one of the oldest, being the first named in honor of the " Father of our Country." It

was the home of Robert Toombs and the place where ] efferson Davis held his last

cabinet meeting at the close of .th e Civil War. It ha s a cotton compress, tannery, lum-

ber and planing mills and a brick factory. It has a publir library and good public

chools and churches. has a waterworks plant, is progressive and enterpri<>ing and con-

tain a population of 3,300.

Columbia. Lincoln and McDuffie are all good agricultural counties. There is one

noted gold mine in Lin coln county and in McDuffie are three in successful operation.

Thomson. th e county site of McDuffie (population , I ,I54), on the Georgia rail-

road. has a cannin g estab li hm ent and manufactures cotton goods and fertilizers.

Greene county is th e center of the Bermuda Grass Region and dairying and the

raising of beef cattle are two of its great industries.

Green boro. t he co unty site (pop ulation, I,SII), ha s a cotton mill and at Union

Point are fertilizer fa ctori es and a knitting mill, also an electric light plant. There

ar other inclu tries, a a knitrin g mill at Penfield, a wagon factory at White Plains, a .

box fac to ry at Sil oa m and severa l fl our a nd grist mills throughot~t the county. There

are fin e \ ater powers, es peciall y n the Oconee river.

.

u u ta . t he co un ty ea t of R :chmond, is the second oldest city in Georgia and

111 cott n manufacture the fir st in Georgia and the South, being for this reason often t~l e d the " Lowell of t he South ." It is at the head of stea mboat navig ation, is the

th1_rd in t he State in ize and has a popu'a tion of 39,441 in the corp ora te limits (20,913

bem a wh1te and 18,528 color ed ) . From r735, when it was fir st laid out, it was a center o~ trad e: e\e n mil es above th e ci ty are th e falls of the Savan nah river. Here

the c1ty built a clam and a canal nin e miles lon g and 150 fe et wide, so as to utilize

the great water power. Of the 14 ooo horse power already developed at this point,

II 000 are no.w in u e. Th er e are mill s belonging to n ine different compani es and a .

nun:be: of mill s ac ross the riv er in South Carolina are bui lt and ow ned by A ugusta cap1~ali t .. There are in A ugu sta fertili zer and cottonseed-oil factories, foundries , planmg mill <~:nd manufactories of medicines, clothing and . min or articles.

The Georg1a Medical College, a department of the State niversity, i located in Augusta , ~nd h ere is the Academy of Richmond county which elates back to colonial

day If 111 th e census repo rt of I900 the suburbs had been included, the population

would have numbered 45,000. Summ erville , a beautifu l suburban town conner:-ted with

Augusta by electric railway, has a population of 3,245. Here is located the U. S. arse-

,0....
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GEORGIA'S RESOURCE S AND ADVA ' TAGES.

53

nal. From the point overlooking the city and from the hf.igh ts o f North A ug usta on the South Carolina side, the view of the city is very charming, especially at night with its brilliant electr ic li g hts. A ug usta is on e o f the largest interior cotton markets in
the outh. Commercially, Taliaferro, Glascock, Warren and Hancock, and also of those al-
ready named, Columbi a, Lincoln andMcDuf.fie are in close touch with Augusta. Warrenton (population, r,rr3), is the county site of Warren county, and is a prof-
itabl e market for the vegetable, fruits and m elons ra ised in the neighborhood. Sparta, the county seat of Hancock co unty, on a branch of the Georgia Railroad,
about half way between Augusta and Macon, is a thriving town, to which the products of the county are brought for market and shipment. There is at Sparta a cotton-oil mill. a fl ouri hing creamery and in its vicinity are some large peach orchards. A besto , pi umbago, kaolin a n d agate are found in Hancock county. Peaches, apples, pear , pecans, and all the staple crops of Middle Georgia, are found in this county.
Macon, the county seat of Bibb county, and the fourth city in the State in population , is a great commercial, manufacturing and educational center. Here are some of the largest and most substantial wholesale ho uses in Georgia, five cotton mills spinning yarn, three knittin g mills, three iron fo undries, a cotton compress, large cottono il mills and fertiliz er esablishments.
Here are Wesleyan Femal e College, the first in st itu tion in the world chartered to give diplomas to ladies, Mercer U niversity, a noted Baptist Institution, St. StanisJau College, for Catholi c priests, Mount de Sales Academy, for young ladies, a normal chao! for colored students, and .the Academy for the B lind. a State institution with two departments, several blocks apart, one for white and .the other for colored children.
By the cen u of 1900, the population of Macon was 23,272, of w hi ch the white~ numhered r r,7rr and the colored, rr,56r. But the suburban district of Vineville witb 7,787 inhabitan ts and Ea t Macon with 5,078, are really parts of the c.ity making a total popu lation of 36,137.

In Jones county there is a fin e vei11 of kaolin which is being utilized. This is a p~rt of the great clay belt, vv'hich extends from Augusta so u thw esterly through Bald
wm past Macon in Bibb county to Columbus in Muscogee county. It has veins extending- down into Twiggs coun.t y to the south . Throug-hout the whole length and bread_th of this belt the clays are very pure, of a beautiful white color and capab le CJ.i tandmg a greater degree of heat .than an y other clays of the Un ited Stat es.
Tn Butt county i th e celeb rated Indian Spring, a g r eat h ealth artd pleasure reort. eel bratecl for the healing properties of its sulphur water. This county has flour and cotton mill and fertilizer factories. Jackson and Pepperton are neighboring towns and bu y manufacturin rr cente rs. J ackson has a population of 1,487 and Pepperton of 500.

In M?nroe county is Forsyth (popu lation, 1,1 72), the seat of Monroe Female Col-

lege.. It I_ a handsome town with several prosperous indu stries. Barnesville is a

~TOWing City of Pike county. has two of th e large!"t bug-gy factories in the South, and

I.. th~ seat of one of th e best schools of Georrria the Gordon In stitute. Its popula-

tion I ~ .036.

" '

. paldi~g i. a county of g-ood farms and many m::tnufactori es. , Griffin, the county

Ite . .ow n _It planmg mtlls.

own waterworks a cha ir fa cto ry. five

nd electric-lig large cotton

hmtsil.lsha;s~nadn

ice plant, cottonseed-o il mills. manufactu res more Turkish

tO\':els than a_re made anvwhere else in America. Tea r by is the 'l nitecl States Ex~e nm ent tatton for Georgia . Th e pooulaho n of Griffin is 6 857 the whites numb er-

Ing J .S99 and the colored 3.2<;8. In addition to the us ual crdps. there are orc-h ards o f peache. and apple . vineyard a nd a pecan g-rove.

ps n county has fine water powers on Big Potato creek. Thomaston , the county

VIEW ON THE AUGUSTA CANAL- LARGE COTTON MILL AND CONFEDERATE OBELISK.

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES .

55

seat (population, 1,714) ha s. a c o tta~ mill. T~ e R. E. ~e e Institu~e is in T~1omas ton. On the east of Flint nver b egms the Pme Mountam s, the h1gh est pomts of
which are 8oo feet above the river. Talb otton the county seat of Talbot (populati on, 1,131) , is in th e center of a good
farm and trucl<ing co untry. It has t~o fin e schools, Co llinswor th Institute a:nd Le-
Vert Female Co ll ege, four good pu bllc schools. Harri county has goo d farming land s a nd fine water powers.

Columbus t he co unty site of M uscogee, is a n imp ortant manufa cturing city, well kn ow n for its sp lend id co.tto n mill s. In additi on to be ing a g reat railroad center, it enj oys the advantages of water transportati on and has a fin e steamboat trade with :own s a nd the country along the Chattahoochee rive r. Augusta alone in the South excel Columbus in the manufacture of co tton goods, fo r which th e fine waterpowers of the Chatta hooc hee affo r d sp lendid fa ciliti es. The population of the city in its corporate limi ts wa 17,614 by the ce nsus of 1900. Of th ese, 10,337 were white and 7,277 col ored . The populat ion is now estimated at 20,000.
o- riculture, manufac-t ures, comm erce, ed ucation a nd the influ ence of its churches hav e c~ mbin e d to make Middle Georgia on e of th e mos t desirable sections of the

ni on.

Over large portions of Middle Georgia wheat is a profitable crop, yielding on very

ordinary land eight, and on good lands from rs to 40 bushels to the acre, and in some

in tances as hig h as 6o bushels to the acre. Corn ranges all the way from ro to so

bu hel to th e acre and in so me instances has gone beyond roo bushels. The peavin e,

often called the clover of the South, affords in its peas not only a nourishing food for

tock, e pecially for milch cows, but also a wholesome diet for the table. The vines

make the best of hay and the y ield varies a ccording- to soil and cultiva1tion from 2,000

to 14,000 pound to the acre. The peavine is also one of the best of soil renovators.

The vetche , sorghum and millet and, in the more northern counties of the section,

cl over are cu lti vated for forage crops. Considerable quan-tities of sug arcane ar~

raised, but it i in So uth Georgia that this is one of the leadin g crops. But Middle

Geor ia, together with the larger part of South Georgia, is the great cotton region of

the tate. Th e yield of this g reat money crop varies according to soil from soo to

rsoo pound of eed cotton to the acre, or from a third to a whole soo pound bale to

the acre. In eve ry pound of seed cotton one-third is lint and two-thirds seed. The

lint i manu factured into yarn and cl oths of various kinds . Part of the seed is used

fo r rep lan ting, a nd great quantiti e of it are sold to the cottonseed-oil mills, which

manufacture from th em oil and cottonseed-meal and have left the hulls and linters

which also bring profitable prices.

D~1rin g the pa t seaso n the high prices that have prevail ed make the value of

Georg1a's cotton crop, including lint, oil, meal , hulls and linters , equal to $roo,ooo,ooo.

The traveler going throug h Georgi a cannot judge the quality of the soil by what

he ees from a train movin g over a road that runs fo r the most part along the ridges ,

If he top. at so_m e statio n and t ak es a ride out into .the country, he will find rich

lands teemmg w1th profi tabl e crops. H e will also find farms wh ere exhausted lands

ha' e by a careful productiv ne s of

system of renovation tht virgin so il. There

arid arc

scientific culture been farms where skillful

fbarromu~or-hst

back have

to th e taken

o-call~d worn-ou t land s an d mad e them yie ld a bal e of cotton to th e acre . and at the

ame tnne have added each yea r to th e productiveness of .the so il. Th ere i~ hardly a farm er in Middl e -Georgia who cloes not have his orchards of
peach s. ~pples, pears and ch erries, quanti ties of blackberries and patches of luscious

tRtkara:~lwwbaGyerr,anp_ebeetwaanerede

in hi v abundan n Macon

ee-etable garden ~
t and there are and Atlanta on

a
!at

o-ood va ri ety

hr~nb e

vin cvarcl South-ern .

s ~

of healthful diet for

ndes

p o

ec n

ially on the Atla

n

,th ta

e a

n

the taCentral d West

P omt Railroad .

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

57

Irish potatoes of the best _types are raise~, a~d in the_ swe~t potato Georgia in
every ect ion possesses an article of food wh1ch m the vaned d1s_hes th_at can _be prepared fr o m it furn _ishes no~ only whol~some , ~ut someilmes ~u.xunous d1et. F1gs also are among th e fruits of M1ddle Georgia and m many localities pomegranates are

fo u n d . South Georgia.-Of the three Georg~a. sections, this i_s the most extensive in area
and with th e exception of a few localities~ showed dunng the decade from r890 to
1 90~ th e heaviest ga ins in P?Pulation and wealth. !his will be s_urprisin_g to some
who are in .the habit of lookm g upon South Georgia as a malanal sectiOn, healthy o nly durin rr th e w inter. But there is much hill country all over Southwest Georgia which i> healthy th e year ro und and in Southeast Georgia and throughout the coastal plain region the many artesian w ells supplying pure, good water have wrought such a chan ge that localities once regarded as very unwholesome are now the healthy ab ode of a rapidl y increasing population, while on all .the numerous railroad lines that penetrate th i whole reg ion are flourishing and rapidly growing towns and cities.

1 hi is not on the whole as good a wheat country as either North or Middle

Georg ia, and in some parts no wheat is grown at all. But over the greater part of

it are made heavy yields of cotton and corn and thousands of acres produce the su-

garcane, the richest in saccharine matter of any plant that grows. The Georgia cane

yrup is already a favorite in many par.ts of the United States and its manufacture and

sale are steadily and rapidly growing. South Georgia produces the greater part of

the crop of sea island cot.ton, the finest in the markets of the world.

Tobacco, too, is being extensively cultivated and there is in Decatur county one

of the large t tobacco farms in the United States. In addition to the millet, crab

g rass, and crowfoot, sorg hum forage and .peavines of Middle Georgia are the soja and

th e velvet bean , both splendid for stock and the best of soil renovators. Cassava also

a fin e feed for stock, yields bountifully throughout this section and the lower counties

of Middle Georgia.

The great peach orchards of Southern Georgia have a national reputation and

their fame has even crossed the Atlantic. There are fine vineyards also in many

places.

In Southea t Georgia are some of the largest market gard ens (truck farms) in the

S tate, especially in the neighborhood of Brunswick and Savannah.

Ail over the coastal plain from the Atlantic ocean to the Chattahoochee river on th e w es t ~ r~ border of the State are ex.tensiv e forests of long leaf pine, producing an-

nually million s of feet of lumber and gallons of spirits of turpentine, giving employ-

ment to sawmills great and small, to railroads, steamboats, ships and merchants.

As the forest lands are cleared, market gardens and flourishing farms spring up.

The marls with the muck from swamps furnish a cheap fertilizer easy to be obtained.

There are vast ranges for cattle and sheep and of the latter t here are some very

lar c fl ock , y ielding a fin e profit to their owners. B eef cattle of th e best breeds can

by rece nt di scovui es b e rendered immune as to the cattle tick and its resultant Texas

fWev.itehr

, and g rea t

with n profit

ee to

dthfeorstsohcekltemre' nb. ut

a

short

time

durinrr



b

the

winter '

can .

be

raised

T~ough rice is grown in the upper counties of Georg ia, tb.e great rice crop of th e

tat e IS that of Southeast Georgia.



'

Southeast Georgia was the first settled portion of the State. Here Oglethorpe's fi~ t settl_ement was made at Savannah and at Frederica on St. Simon's island was

his favonte home. Thouo-h of Frederica nothing remains but the ruins of the old fort

anrl ,th e m~mo ry of th e defeat of the Spaniards at the "Blody Marsh," across St. Si-

mon 5 ~o uncl on th e banks of the Turtle river is the growing ci.ty of Brunswi ck, the

econct tn siz e of Georgia's seaports.

.

The chI'ef Cities of South Georgia are Savannah, Brunswick, Americus, W aycross,

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

59

Valdosta Thomasville, Albany, Cordele, Dublin, Dawson, Cuthbert, Bainbridge, Quit-
man Mo'ultrie and l{\awkinsville. 'savannah is the oldest city of Georgia, its most impor.tant seaport and commer-
cial center ranking among the cities of the South, next to New Orleans in the va.!ue f its com:nerce, first in the world in the shipment of naval stores and third as a cot-
ton market. Savannah tands upon a bluff 46 feet above the level of the Savan!lv.h .md 18
miles from th e sea. It is connected by water with every county of the Atlantic coa tal plain and by :ail .with ~ve ry part .of Geo:gia and the railroads that ra~iate from it in all directions g1ve 1t rapid connectiOns w1th every quarter of the Umon. The
avannah, the first steamship that ever crossed the Atlantic, was owned in Savannah and the Ocean teamship Company of that city has the finest line of steamers to-day that ply between orthern and Southern ports. Among the exports of Savannah are not only the raw cotton, but also cotton goods from the factories of Georgia, rice, lumber and naval stores and fruits, melons and vegetables from the orchards, fields and market garden of the vicinity and on the lines of the railroads that come into the city. It import trade also is very extensive and its large wholesale houses are strong and
ub tantial.
Its manufacturing in terests are importa nt, embracing various grades of cotton goods, cottonseed-oil mills, fertilizer factories, foundries, machine shops for making agricultural implements and various other industries.
It i o ne of the most beautiful cities of the Union and has several handsome historic monuments, viz.: the one to General Nathaniel Greene, another to Count Pula ki, another to Sergeant Jasper, all heroes of the American revolution, one to W. '0!. Gordon, the great promoter of the Central Railroad and one in honor of the Confederate soldiers.
The population of Savannah by the census of 1900 was 54,244 of which the whites numbered 26,109 and the colored 28,135. But a large, thickly settled district has been taken into the corporate limits and with the accustomed ra t io of increase the city at thi time ( 1904) contains considerably more than 6o,ooo inhabitants.
On a branch of the Ce ntral Railroad, betwen Savannah and Augusta, the town of vVaynesboro (population, 2,030) in the midst of a cotton and lumber region, has cottonseed-oi l mill s and fertilizer facto ri es. It is the county seat of Burke which is the greatest cotton county of Georgia. At Shell Bluff is an inexhaustibl e supply of limetone of the be t quality for making lime. Buhrstone is very abundant in this county.
Loui ville (population, r,ooo) is the county site of Jefferson county. It is an old town of hi toric interes t from the circumstance that for nine years (from 1795 to r8o4) it was .t he capital of Georgia.
. Sandersville and Tennille are important towns of Washington county. the former bemg the county site. Sandersvi lle is on a branch of the Southern Railway and has good commercial fa ciliti es, large fertilizer establishments and machine shops. It is situated upon a ridge between the Oconee and Ogeechee rivers, 500 feet above sea level. Popul~tton , 2 023. Tenni ll e is smaller, having 1,121 inhabitants. but is quite a manufactunng center. having a cotton factory, cottonseed-oil mill. hard wood factory , mineral work , n~achine work and novelty factory. It has also 'an electric light plant..
onnected With T ennille by a short railroad is Wrightsville (population , 1,127) the county seat of Johnson cou nty in the midst of an extensive lumber region. From the
reat fore .t . of pin e in this county are manufactured rosin and turpentin"!. . In \\~Ilk111 on county there is a quarry of limestone whence is obtamed a ma-
tenal W~I ch aft er hardening in the open air has been found to be excell~nt for the rn truct!On of chimneys. In Twigg-s county there is a fine vein of potterv clay. In
aurens county, the large number of saw mills and turpentine distilled~ prepare g reat quan f It!es of lumber, rosin and turpentine for export to Savannah.

': !

GEORGIA's R EsouRCE::i AND ADvANTAGES.

61

D ublin , t he county site, a rapidly groy-;ing tow1.1 of 2,987, inhabitants , has s.ev-

ral pro perou mercantile and manufacturmg estabbshments, among the latter bemg

c~iectoyt two no

rmk il,l'~atocneottfoacnt-oorily,maills,

ic e hin g

and furniture le machine, a

factory, a foundry, brick works, vaham packing establishment .tnd many

mall indu tn es.

.

.

. .

.

In Bryan and B ull och counties the larg("r part o t the cotton .rals.ed IS f ea-1sland.

In both the e cou nties, Ema nu el and Screven, lumb er and turpentme mteres:s are ex-

te nsive, as they are abu in Mo ntg~mery, Tattnall, Liberty and M~I ntos h . Ilari~n, th e

co unty site of Mcintos h (pop ulat1 ~ n , 1,73,9 ), has. a large trade 111 lumber, rosm and

turpentine. All these a~e good ag n cultuq.J count1es.

. .

Brunswick (pop ulatiOn 9,o8 r ), the county seat of Gly nn county, the second 111 s1zr

and importance of t.he seaports of Georgia, has o.ne of the best harbors on the A.t-

lantic coa.;;t is beautifu lly !orated on a bluH of wh1te sand and has a heavy trade 1n

lumber a nl naval stores. T h e city has wa te rwo rks and electric lights. Glynn county

has great quantities of pine and cypress timb ers and a considerable amount of hard

woods be ide . Waycros , the county seat of Ware county, is one of the great railroad centers of
Southeast Georgia. It ha.d by th e last census a population of 5,919. It has electric ligh ts, waterworks, a street railway and se:reral man~facturing industries. ~he pi~e and cypres timbers are very valuable. Rosm, turpentme and lumber are sh1pped m large quantities. T he rai lroads radiating from this town bring into it the products of many adjoinin g co unties, viz.: Pierce, Coffee, Oinch, Charlton, and parts of Berrien a nd App lin g, while J es up in W ayne is ano ther growing railroad center, into which are gathered t he prod ucts of the neighboring pine forests for shipment t o Brunswick and
ayannah. With both of these Georgia p orts Montgomery, Telfair, Dodge and Wilcox counties have easy access by rail. Large flocks of she ep range in all these counti es, brin ging with their wool good profits to their owners.

McRae (population, 1,020) the county seat of Telfair on the Southern Railway, i the center of a large business in lumber,shingles, turpentine and rosin, has saw and planin <Y mills and an oil and fertilizer fact ory. Here is locat ed the South Georgia co ll ege.
Abbevill e (population, 1,152) , the county seat of vVilcox, on the west bank of the cmulgee river and co nnected with Savannah by the Seaboard Air Line Railway, ha!i also a large trade in turpentine, rosin and lumber, and so has Seville on the same railroad, in the western part of Wilcox county, a town of 1,277 inhabitants.
Eastman (popu lation, 1,235), the county seat of D odge, on an elevation of 300 feet, ha a considerab le trade in co tton, lumber, cane syrup, ca ttle, chickens and vegetab les.

Hawkinsville (popu lation, 2,103), coun tv seat of Pulaski connect ed by branch road s wi~h two main trunk lines of railway, has a"lso lin es of steamers to Dari en and Brun-

.w1ck. a~d has amo1w its indu stri es an oil and fertiliz er factory, a cotton mill , turpen-

tme d tst l\l ery, barrel, carriage and ice fa ctories. About t en miles from Hawkin sville in

the ame cou nty i Cochran , a busy town of 1,531 inhabitants on the main line of the

uthern Railway. It also has several manufacturing industries.

H o.u ton, with it m illions of peach tr ees, is th e greatest peach-growing county in

the 111tecl tates, and next to it in Georgia com es Macon county, also counting its

peach trees by the mill ion. There are also in these two counties orchards of pear, apple and plum trees.

Fort V~lley (population , 2,022) , the mo st impor,tant t own of Houston county, on

f 1

ne t

of et

tfhacetolt~~1 ees,

of the an ice

Central factory,

Railway, has three cotton compresses

farge , canning factories, crate a.nd knitting mills. .The county

and site

0 w

h

o eat

uston count

IS
y.

Perry

on

a

branch

of

the

Central

Ra1lway.

Houston IS also a good

GEORGIA's REsouRcEs AND ADVANTAGES.

In Macon county there are on the Central Railway three towns, Marshallville, Montezuma and Oglethorpe, the last being the county site. At these points are canning and frui t-packing factories and at Montezuma is a fertilizer factory doing a large

business. ,___ _ Americu the county seat of Sumter county, with a population of 7,674, is the lara-est city of Southwest Georgia in the midst of a rich cotton growing region. It is the0 distributin rr point for mules and horses to all parts of Southwest Georgia. It has in its corpora l ~ limits and in its vicinity f~ctories for ho~se-co!lars, shoes, wagons, cotto n- eed oil and guano, a fo undry and ratlroad sh ops. fhe ctty has a good system of waterw ork s and electric lights. During the latter part of the Civil War, Sumter and the neighboring counties produced such a large part of the supplies for the Confederate arm ie of Virginia and Tennessee that this section of the State was called Egypt. At And ersonvill e, th e site of th e noted war prison, is a well-kept Federal cemeter):.: T hat pa rt of th e coa ta l plain region which is drain ed into the Gulf of Mexico now co ntain s man y growin g towns . The rich lands drain ed by the Flint and Chattahoochee riv er are am ono- th e bes t in the State for the production of cotton and corn, and in many locali ties mu ch hay is raised. The eastern part of this plain is also rich in forests of pine and has an extensive trade in lumber and naval stores. This is particularly tru e of th e sect ion drain ed by th e Allapaha river.

Buena Vista, on th e Central Railway, the county seat of Marion, named for a famous battle of th e Mexican war, (population, r,r6r), is a g ood cotton market.
Ri chlan I ( population, r ,014) , an important town of Stewart county, at the junction of two branches of the Seaboard Air Line system , has a wagon and buggy and guan o fa cto ry a nd Lumpkin , the county site on the ma in lin e of th e same system, with a populat ion of 1,470, is beautifully located on a high ridge.

Dawso n (populati on, 2,926) the county seat of T errell county, at the j :.mction of

two railroad has waterworks, electric lights, prosperous business houses and is in the

::enter of a fin e co tton country, which is true also of Cuthbert the county site of Ran-

dolph co un ty , wi th 2,6..p inhabitants. It has waterworks and el ectric lights, a cotton

m; :J, carria e factory, machin e works and ice factory . Here are Andrew Female Col-

leg e and Bethel M al e oll ege.

.

At F o r t Ga ines, th e co unty seat of Cla y county, beautifully located on a high bluff ov erlookin g the Cha ttah ooc hee 16o feet a :Jove the riv er, are guano and brick factorie and a c tto n eed-oil mill. I t enjoys both railroad and water transportation and ha 1,305 inh abi tant . Quitman is a g ood agricultural county.
i e ~1n a ( pop ula tion, 1,305) the count y seat of Dooly co unty, does a heavy lumber bu me . and ha a cottonseed-oil mill. It is on th e South ern and Florida Railroad.

. Co rd ele (populat ion, 3.473 ) , on the same railroad , a new and rapidly growing tty, doe a heavy lumber business in addition to its trade in cotton, corn and vegetable and has a cotton factory, ice plant, fertilizer establishment, and a fine system of waterworks.

F it;gerald, in Irw in co untv . a ne w town founded und er the auspices of ex-Gov-

ffe rn or ~orthen, by v eteran s of th e ni on army from the Northwest is at the junction two railroad s. I_t has a cotton mill, cottonseed-o il mill, iron fo un'dry, sash and door

a c~o ry, and extenstve lumb er bu siness. Its population in 19 00 was r 817 but it now

c

latm~t.ftaobno,u

t 3, the

000 tn large

h t

a b t t a n t town

. of

The town has B erri en c.Junty

waterwo rks and electr'ic l'ights. with a population of 1,384 at

the

cf oreouancshdmryo-

of four I 11 1'ts

railroads, has saw mills, netg 11borhood are several

a can~in!! vm. eyards~

establi shment machine V.:orks and produc.mg gra' pes of fine qualt.ty,

P

' A

a ppl e a nd pear orchards and hburn (po pulation , I ,301 ),

tpheec acnhia~-fr obveuss.i n e s s

town

of

Worth

county,

on

the

44 to 48 inc hes. 48 tO 52 inc!.es . 52 t o 54 inches. 54 to 64 inches . f>4 to 68 inches. 48 to 72 inches.

RAJN MA P
OF
GEORGIA.
AN NUA L.
SHOW IN G BY JSOTHYBTAL CURVES TUB lll HAN P KRC t P JTATI ON O P RAIN AND M E L T E D S N O W P OR THI! Y EAR .

L..--~---....--~---~-2-~!)-:=~~~~~========~~k:~S:C:A;L:E==~o~o==========~7!) ========~100 MILIES

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

tGileloerrigelsa

Southern and florida and has large lumber, sh

Railroad, m. gle and

is in a p1anm g

district m111 s.

abounding

m

turpentine

dis-

ao lf o

rnag1A1lwtbhaaenyyFrlai(dnp1toatpriiunvlgeart,firoionnm' t

4 6o6) i't and' he cen

t

the county site of

a er

sotfeaamnb.cohat

at~ranfcfiuc

Dougherty

a1so 1tura1

wre1gtwh

county, with seven

B n,

am
IS

bn'd an

ge ext

eannsdiv

p e

lines ocm otts

ton, fruit, melon and hay n~arket, and has bnck. yards, cotton compresses, cotto~

seed oil and fertilizer factones and a large cannm~ factory. It has gas a.n? elect.nc

~r~~hhts~vea

good system of artesian waterworks, mentioned or shall yet mention, _has.

and, hke all fine schools

the and

t

oiswnwselalndsuc~pitliieesdwwh1icthh

churches of the various Christian denommatwns. In Dougherty county IS a pecan

grove of r,ooo trees.

Bainbridge (population, 2,641), in Decatur county, of which 1t is the c.ount~ seat, o n the Flint River, by which it has a good. steamboat trade, and at the JUnctwn of two lines of railway, in the midst of a country producing large crops of cotton, corn, ugar ca ne, tobacco and fruits, and wLth a heav~ bu siness also in lumoer, has .cott~n eed oil mills, iron foundry, cooperage works, railway shops, several lumber mills, 1ce
factory and a boat building plant.

Thoma ville (population, 5,322) the county seat of Thomas county with broad and w 11-kcpt treets and garde ns, in which flower;; bloom the year round, IS lighted by gas and lect ricity and has a good system of waterworks, railroad shops, sash and blind factorie and an iron found ry. Young Female College and South Georgia College arti!
located here.

airo, in Thomas county, is a great point for the manufacture aud shipping of Georgia cane syrup.

Camilla (population, r,osr) in Mitchell county, on a branch ot the Savannah, Florida and Western Railway, has fertilizer works and is the market tor many and ,a ried products such as peaches, grapes, walnuts, lumber, turpentine and rosin. There are evera l a-roves of pecans, one of them covering a hundred acres.

[oultrie (population, 2,221), the county seat of Colquitt county, wnere three rail~ r ad meet, has electric lights, waterworks, a cotton mill, ice factory, railroad shop, wagon and buggy factory, many large turpentine distilleries in its vicm1ty and is an exten ive market for grapes and melons.

~ quitman (population, 2,281), the county-seat of Brooks county on the Savan :1ah, J~.londa and Western railroad, a branch of the great Atlantic Coast Lme System, in a

n ch market garden section, is the shipping point for garden produce and melons. It

has a cotton mill, fertilizer and oil factories, ice factory, waterworks and electric plant.

aldost~ (population, 5,613), the county seat of Lowndes county, is a great rail-

roa d center_m the heart of a great yellow pine region, and is the greatest inland mar-

ket for ea-1 land cotton, large crops of whi.;h are raised in its neighborhood. The shipm nt o~ naval stores to Brunswick and Savannah is one of its great indu stries and it h~ an I:on f~undry, _and factories for the manufacture of cotton goods, fertiliz ers, bu g-

le >builder .maten al and other woodwork, and an iron foundry. It al o has a pork

packm establishment. It has waterworks and electric lights.

Bl~k ly , in Early county is the seat of a large fertilizer and oil mill lumb er and turpen tme busm ess. Miller 'Baker Webster Calhoun Taylor and Chatt'ahoochee are all o-o0 d co unties, nch 111 agr' icultura' l products' and wit'h good ' railroad fa cilities. In
rawford cou nty is a fine vein of pottery clay.

d
~n

P~IIP~1oaub.oth~

Geor , and

gi~ is
With

a great and growing country, increasing every advantage, educational and religious.

rapidly in we In fact, each

alth sec-

Ion

eorgia offers an inviting field to the enterprising immigrant. She is a great,

I

GEORGIA'S RESOU RCES AND ADVAN TAGES .

I

broad-minded State, g rowin g- rapidly in p op ulat ion, w eal th and influ epce. To every class of industrious law-abidi ng people, see king pl easant ho mes an d w ith a mind to wo rk especially to all true A merican s fr o m orth , \ Vest o r South , wi tho ut r egard to politi~al affiliation , Georgia stretches for th th e rig ht hand of fell owship, and bids them
welcome. Th e price of lands in Georgia varies from te n to seve nty-fi ve dollars an acre, ac-
cording to fertility of soil or proximity to some large city o r ra pidly g rowin <Y tow n.

.:i
A TOBAC CO F I ELD .

.

.

ALPHABETICAL'] LIST . OF COUNTIES OF GA.

WITH POPULATION OF EACH BY CENSUS OF 1900, AND VALUE OF ALL
PROPERTY ACCORDING TO COMPTROLLER-GENERAL'S REP b R T
FOR THE YEARS 1903 AND 1904; PRICE OF LANDS PER ACRE; ALSO FORESTRY AND PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL, HORTJ.CULTU RAL AND MINERAL

APPLI NG COU NTY.:-Popu lation, white, 8,823; colored, 3,513; total, 12,336. Aggregate value of whole property, 1903, $1,735,876; 1904, $1,858,051. Price of lands per acre, from $3.00 to $15.00. Forest timbers, chiefl y long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural, cotton, corn, oats, rice, sugar-cane, potatoes (Irish and sweet) , field peas, g round-peas, peavine and crab grass hay; Horticultural, pear;;, g rap es, plums, peaches, watermelons; Mineral, ---.
BAKER COUNTY.- Population, white, 1,934; colored1 4,770 ; total, 6,704. Agg regate value of whole property, 1903, $607,688; 1904, $658,582. Price of lands per acre, from $5.oo to $50.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory a11-d long-l eaf pin e. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, upland rice, fi eld peas, ground-p eas, sugarcane, sorghum-cane, potatoes (Irish and sweet), all grasses except clover; Horticultnral: peaches, plums, cherries, quinces, appl es and watermelons. Mineral: - - - .
BALDWIN COU NTY.-Population, white, 6,511; colored, 11,257; total, 17,768. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,937,788; 1904, $2,030,085. Price of lands per acre: from $10.00 to $6o.oo. Forest timbers: poplar, hickory, pine, maple, ash, walnut, locust, oak. Products: Agricultural: corn, cotton, w h eat, oats, rye, fi eld-peas, ground-peas, potatoes (Irish and sweet), crab-grass and bermuda hay, sugar-cane. Horticultural : peaches, apples, plums, cherries, fi gs, pomegra nates; Mineral : pottery clay.
BANKS COU N TY.-P opu lation : white, 8,448; colored, 2,097; total, 10,545. Ag g regate 'value of whole property: 1903, $1 ,030,322; 1904, $1,076,823 . Price of land s per acre: from $2.00 t o $40.00. Fo res t timbers: Poplar, hickory, pine, maple, ash, walnut, locust, white, post and mountain oak. Products: Agricultural: cotton, cor n, wheat, oats, rye1 sorghum-cane, sorghum-forage, sweet' and Irish potatoes, field-p eas, hay from clover, bermuda grass and the vetch es; Horticultural: cabbages, onions and other vegetables, apples; Mineral, granite.
BA RTOW COUNTY.- Population: white, 14,635; colored, 6,188; total, 20,823. Aggregate value of whole property, 1903, $3,923,097; 1904, $4,133,855. Price of lands per acre: from $10.oo to $75 .00. Forest timbers: popla r, hi ckory, maple, ash, walnut, chestnut, oak, locust, p in e. Products: Agricultural: corn, wheat, oats, cotton, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, sorghum-cane, peavine, crabgrass and clover hay; Horticultural: peaches1 apples, berries, and all small fruits, and almost every variety of vegetable; 'Mineral: iron, mauganese, ochre, bauxite, and limestone with active and successful operations in all.
BERRIEN COUNTY.-Pop ulation: white, 13.494; colored, 5,946; total, 19,440. Aggregate va lu e of whole property: 1903, $3,891,549; 1904, $4,051,360. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $6o.oo. Forest timbers : ch iefly long-leaf pine. Products: Ag. ri cultural: cotton, corn , oats, Irish and sweet potatoe s, fi eld-peas, ground-peas, hay

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

from na live g rasses; Horticultural: Peaches, grapes, cherries, plums, pears and every ,a riety of yegetabl es, figs, watermelons; Mineral: brick clay and marls.

BIBB COUNTY.-Popu la tio n: white, 23,078; colored, 27,395; total, ~0.473. AgO'regate value of whole property: 1903, $1~,685 ,595; 1904, . $20,201,695 Pnce of lands per acre: from ro.oo to $75.00. .Forest tqnb ers: oak, h1ckory, cherry, walnut and ome yellow pine. Products: Agncultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, barley, rye, fieldpea , ground p eas, Irish and sweet potato~s, hay from clov:er,. crab and bermuda grass, om uga r-cane, and so rghum-cane; Horticultural: all vanetles of vege~ables, peaches, apple , plum , pears, figs, pomegranates, watermelons, canteloupes, berras and grapes;
Min eral: g ranite, li msetone, so me ochre and abundance of pottery clay.

BROOKS COUNTY.- Pop ulation: white, 7,702; colored, 10,904; total, 18,6o6. \ ggregate va lue of whole property: 1903! $3,309,724:; 1904, $3,494,6~2 . Pr~ce of lands per acre: from $s.oo to $7o.oo. Forest t1mbers: ch1efly lo ng-leaf pme. Prod.ucts: ~.g r icu ltural: cotton (l ong a nd shor t staple), corn, oats, rye, wheat, upland nee, Insh and weet potatoe , fi eld-peas, grou nd peas and much sugar-cane, crab-gr~ss. and peavine hay Horticultural : peach es, pears, oranges, figs, melons, and all v.anetles of veg
etab le ; "\Iineral: - - -.

BRYAN COUNTY.-Popu la tio n: white, 2,969; colored , 3,153; total, 6,122. Ag-
gr ate value of whole property, 1903, $708,156; 1904, $781,845. Price of lands per acr : from 2.00 to $1 5.00. Forest timbers: long-l eaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton ( upland and ea-i land), corn, sugar -cane, rice, Irish and sweet potatoes, fieldpea , ground-pea ; Horticultural: all the usual vegetables, peaches, melons and berrie ; ~Iineral: marl .

BULLOCH COUNTY.- I opulatio n: white, 12,213; colored, 9,164; total, 21 ,377. .\ ggregate valu e of whole pro perty: 1903, $3,240,036; 1904, $3,566,225 . Price of lands p r acre: from lj;s.oo to $40.00. Forest Timbers: pine (long-l eaf) , and cypress. Prod uct : Agricultural: cotton (upland and sea-island), corn , sugar-cane, Irish and sweet po aloe , fi eld-peas. gro und-peas, crab and other grasses for h ay; Horticultural: all va-
rietie of Yeg tables, pea ches, pea rs, plums, grapes and mel ons, berri es; Mineral : ma rl. .

BURKE COUNTY.-I opulati on: white, 5,522; colored, 24,643; total , 30, r65. Agg reO'ate value of whole prope rty: 1903, $3,209,368; 1904, $3,342,954. Price of lands per acre : fron~ J.Oo to $6o.oo. Fo r est timbers; oak, hickory, and long-leaf pine. Produ~L : Agncultural : cotton, corn , oats, wheat, rye, hay from crab and bermuda grass and w; r <Tra- for grazing, SUO'ar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes; Horticultural: peaches. apl le , P:ar , plums, cherries, figs , pomegranates, watermelons, canteloupes, berries an d all km d- of garden prod uce; Mi neral: lim e tone, buhrstone, marls.

BUTTS COUNTY.- P op ulati on. white, 5,998; colored, 6,807; total, 12,805. Ag-

g regat e value of whole prope r ty : 1903. $1.607,214; 1904, $1 ,653,937 Price of lands per

ac re: from . .=; .oo to so.oo. Forest timbers: oak hickory O'um walnut .cherry and

cl"l)o\hefn'eamrrre-n' lr.eleara11.f:

pme. et c. p ro ducts: Agncultur Ip1 launmd vP..eeae1t:sp, owtaatoteersm, eclroanbs,ancdanbt
ulphur 111 1ts minera l waters.

a e e

lrlom:uucpodetast,o,O.n.'f.i'gr' ascs,soa'rnnHd ow'ervht"i.eecrauytl't'vuoaraartilse:'t

ypceooa'wfc-hvpeeesga' esat'apfbpileleeldss-;

;<Y

r

eCr gAa: tLferHov!O~1U$eN0fCwOhU0$1Ne

TY.-Popu property:

lation 190~,

$

r

w,0h8i2t,e7'352 ;'391990'4c, o~l1o,r3e0d1',667'9875

'P rtioct

al e

' o

9 f

'l2a7n4d

s

ApO"e''r-

d he r
pea '

, ood ro
g un

3-p0eP0arsot,oduI~~13ts5sh~aAndgn~socwrueelstetut r

timbers: long-leaf pme, oak, gum, walnut and al: cotton, corn, sugar-cane, wheat, oats, rye, fieldpotatoes, hay from crowfoot and Bermuda grass;

70

GEoRGrA's REsou RcEs AND AovANTAG.E.s.

Horticultural: peaches, grap es, b erri es, watermelons, canteloupes, figs, pomegranates and all gard en products; Mi neral: - - -.

CAMDEN COUNTY.- Population: w hite, 2,423; colore d, 5,246; total, 7,669. Aggregate valu e of whole property: 1903, $goo,786; 1904, $927,225. Price of lan ds per acre: from $2.50 to $50.00. Forest timbers : long-leaf pin e, cypress, sycamore, etc. Pro du cts: Agricultural: corn, sugar-cane, sorghum-can e, cotton, r ice, oats, Iris h and sweet potatoes, fi eld-peas, g round-peas, chufas, and all t h e grasses ; H orticultural: all kinds of vegetables, grap es, peaches, plums, cherries, berries, m elons, oranges, lemons, figs, olives and pomegranates; M in eral: marl s. There are also mineral sp rings.
CAMPBELL COUNTY.-Population: white, 6,350; colored, 3,168 ; total, 9,518. Aggregate value of whole property : 1903, $1,595,147; 1904, $1,707,388. . Price of land s per acre: from $3.00 to $40.00. Fores t timbers; chiefly oak and pine. Prod ucts : Agricultural : cotton, corn, whea t, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, fi eld-p eas, g round-p eas, crab and Bermuda grass and clover ; Horticultural : all garden products, peaches, apples, waterme lon s, canteloupes, berries grapes; Mi n eral: grani te and barite.

CARROLL GOUNTY.- Population: white, 21,539; color ed, 5,037 ; t otal, 26,576. Aggregate v.al ue of w hole property: 1903, $3,761,162; 1904, $3,867,662. Price of rand per acre: from $4.00 to $6o.oo. Fore.st timb ers : oak, hickory, ash , mapl e, walnut, poplar and gum. Products: Agric ultural: cot-ton, co rn, oats, wheat, sugar-ca ne, hay from crab and Bermuda grass , Irish and sweet potatoes, fi eld-p eas , gro un d-peas, tobacco. Horticultural: all vegetables, peaches, apples, watermelons, canteloup es, berries, cherries, etc.; Min eral : Gold, quartz and granite.

CATOOSA COUNTY.-Population: whi te, 5,341; colored, 482; total, 5,823. Agg regate value of who le prope rty: 1903, $842,654; 1904, $875,496. Price of lan ds per acre: from $5.00 t o $25.00 and $40.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, poplar and pine. P roducts: Agricultural : cotton, corn, w heat, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, fi eld-peas, timothy, herd and orchard grass, clover, German mill et, sorghum-cane; Horticultural: peaches, apples, ch erries, plums, g rapes, berri es (especiall y stra.wbe rri es,) watermelons, canteloupes; Min era l: sand and limestones. iron and gold.

CHARLTON COUNTY.-Pop ulation : white, 2,849; colored, 743; total , 3,592. Aggregate valu e of whole property : 1903, $5 20,352 ; 1904, $5 22,362. Price of lan ds per acre : from $2.00 to $Io.oo. Forest timbers :yellow (long-leaf) pin e and cyp ress. Products: Agricu ltural : sea-islan d cotto n, sugar-cane, corn, tobacco, Iri sh and sweet potatoes; Horticultural : oranges and figs ; 'M ine ral: marls.
CHATHAM COUNTY.-Population: white, 29,930; colored, 41 ,309; total, 71,239. Aggregate va lu e of w hole property: 1903, $32,726,293 ; 1904, $33,177,373. Price of lands per acre: from $Io.oo to $roo.oo. Forest timbers: pine, cypress and live-oak. Products : Agricultural: corn, cotton, Irish and sweet potatoes, s ugar-can e, fi eld peas, ground-peas, crab-grass, hay; Horticultural: all vari eties of vegetabl es, berries, melons and fruits, immense quantities of all these being shipped north from the market gard ens at large profits ; M ineral : - -- .
CHATTAHOOCHEE COUNTY-Population: white, 1,852 ; colored, 3,928; total. 5,790. Aggregate valu e of whole property : 1903, $562,938; 1904, $582,028. Price of la nds per acre, $3 .00 to $15 .00. Forest timbers: some oak and h ickory, but chiefly yellow pine. Products: agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, s ugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, g round-peas, upland rice and crab g rass; Horticultural : apples. peaches, plums, cherri es, melons, grapes, berries, and every kind of vegetable; Mineral: marls.

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GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.
CHATTOOGA COUNTY.-Population: white, ro,714; colored1 2,238; total, 12.952. Aggregate value of whole property : 1903, $2,254,662; 1904, $2,256,745. Price of lands per acre: $3.00 to $50.00. Forest tim-bers: oak, hickory, maple, ash, chestnut, gum, walnut, pine, cherry and poplar. Prod.ucts: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, clover and g rasses, Irish and sweet potatoes, sorghum cane, fi eld peas, g round peas and tobacco; Horticultural: every variety of veg~table , berries of all kinds including the finest strawberries, peaches, aples, plums, chernes, melons and grapes ; Mineral: iron, bauxite, clay, limestone, manganese, coal, slate, talc, sandstone and chert.
CHEROKEE COUNTY.-Population: w hite, 13,958; colored, 1,285 ; t otal, rc;,243 Aggregate value of whole property : 1903, $ Z,I41,972; 1904, $2,184,644. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $30.00. Forest timb ers : hickory, oak, pine1 poplar, beech, ash, walnut, cherry and other hard woods. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field- peas, orchard and crab-grass and clover; Horticultural: vegetables of all sorts , apples, peaches, plums, cherries and berries; Mineral: gold, copper, iron, mica, talc and marbl e.
CLARKE COUNTY.-Population: white, 8,230; colored, 9.478; total, r7,7o8. Aggregate value of w hole property: 1903, $6,897,815; 1904, $7,269,235. Price of lands per acre : from $3.00 to $75.00. Forest timbers: pine, oak, poplar, hickory, birch, mapl e, cherry, ash, walnut and chestnut. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats. rye, Irish a n d sweet potatoes, fi eld peas, grou nd peas at:td hay from crab and Bermuda grass and clover; Horticultural. every kind of vegetable, peaches, apples, plums, cherries, canteloupes, watermelons, grapes and berries; Mineral: granite, graphite, galena.
CLAY COUNTY.-Popu lation: white, 2,865; colored, 5,703; total , 8,568. Aggreg ate value of whole property: 1903, $r,r 6r,8o6 ; 1904, $r,275.40I. Price of lands per acre: from $2.50 to $25.00. Forest timbers : oak, hickory, and other hard woods, longleaf pin e. Products: Agricultural : cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rice, sugarcane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-p eas, g round-peas, Bermuda, Johnson and crab grass, sorg hum forage and pea-vin e hay; Horticultural: Melon s, peaches, grapes, berries and all kind ~ of vegetables; M in eral : marls. There are some mineral springs.
CLAYTON COUNTY.-Population, white, 5,572; colored1 4,026; t otal , 9,598. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1.453,504; 1904, $1.494.391. Price of lands per acre : from $5.00 to $40.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, cherry, walnut, maple. ash and pine. Products: Agricultural : cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, barley, sorghum cane, sugar cane. swee t and Irish potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, hay from Timothy, red-top, blue, orchard, crab and Bermuda grasses, also clover and peavi nes; Horticultural: peaches, apples, berries, melon s, cherri es, plums, figs , and vegetables of all varieties; Mineral: asbestos.
CLINCH COUNTY.-Population, 5,142; colored, 3,c:;90; total, 8,732. A~gregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,942,544; 1904, $r ,o63,296. Price of lands per acre: from $2.50 to $r5.oo. Forest timbers: yellow pine, cypress and live oak. Products: A?:ricultural: sea-island cotton, corn, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, and tobacco: Horticultural : peaches, berries, pecans and vegetables; Mineral : marl s.
COBB COUNTY.-Population: white, 17,334; colored, 7,330; total, 24,664. Ag gregate value of whole property: 1903, $5,218,525 ; 1904, $5,352,745. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $75.00. Forest timbers : yellow and white hickory, post and red oak, maple, ash and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, fiel d-peas, g round-peas, sorghum-cane, hay from crab grass, clover and peavines; Horticultural: all varieties of ve?:etables, peaches, apples, grapes, berri es, melons; Mineral: gold, copper.

"MAP
OF
GEORGIA
SHOWING THE
MI NERAL RESOURCES,
BY
S. w. :\IcCALLIE,
Assistant State Geologibt.

~

.,..0

74

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

COFFEE COUNTY.-Population: white, 9,558; colored, 6,6I I; total, I6,I69. Ag-gregate value of whole property: $2,732,993. Price of lanc;Is per acre: from $5.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: A ll varieties of oak , hickory, gum, yellow pine and cypress. Products: Agricultural: sea-island cotton, co rn, sugarcane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-p eas, g-round-peas , crab-grass and peavine hay, and tobacco; Horticultural: all garden products, peaches, grap es, strawberries a nd melons; Mine ral:

COLQUITT COUNTY.-Popu lation, white, I0,034; <;olored, 3,602; total, I3,636. Aggregate value of whole property : I903, $2,777,044; I904, $2,999,252. Price of lands r.:.er acre: from $5.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: long--leaf pine. Products : Agricultural: corn, upland and sea island cotton, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, oats, fieldpeas and ground-p eas and tobacco; Horticultural: pea ches, g rapes, and melons .; Miner a l : - -- .

COLUMBIA COUNTY.-Population: white, 2,900; colored, 7,753; total, I0,653. Aggregate value of whole property: I903, $923,I67; I904, $g8o,986. Price of lands per acre from $3.00 to $30.00. Forest timbers: oak, hi ckroy, mapl e, waln ut and pine. P roducts: Ag-ricultural: corn, cotton, wheat, oats, rye, field-peas, ground-peas, red clover, alfalfa and vetches; Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, peas, melons, ber ries and vegetables of all varieties; Mineral : gold and clay.

COWETA COUNTY.-Population: white, I0,759; colored, J4,22I; total, 24,980. Aggregate value of whole property: I903, $4,747.401; 1904, $4,761,880. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $75.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, gum, walnut, maple and pine. Produ cts : Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, field-pea s, ground-peas, hay from Bermuda grass, peavines, sorghum and mill et; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, cherries, plum , g rapes, every variety of vegetables, berries and melons; Mineral: gold and granite.

CRAWFORD COUNTY.-Population, white, 4,550; colored , 5,81 8; total, 10,368. Aggregate value of whole property, 1903, $1,037,046; 1904, $1,042,669. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: oak, hi ckory, bay, gum and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes, sugar cane, field-pea s, g rou nd-p eas, crab and Bermuda grasses; H.orticu ltural: peach es, apples, plums, pears, grapes, ch erri es, berries, melon s and al l gard en vegetables; Min era!: clay.
DADE COUNTY.- Population: white, 4,140 ; co lored, 438 ; to tal, 4,578. Aggregate va lu e of whole property: 1903, $974,972, 1904, $I,OT1 ,6j6. Price of lands per acre: From $2.50 to $30.00. Forest timbers : oak, hickory, chestnut, walnu t, maple, cherry, ash, poplar, pine locust and birch. Products: Agricultural: cotton, wheat, corn, oats, barley, rye, Irish pot a toes, crab gras s, hay and clover; Horticultural: apples, peaches. grapes and nearly all vegetables; M in eral: coal and iron .
DAWSON COUNTY.-Popu lati on. white, 5,271; colored, 171; total , 5.442. Aggregate va lu e of whole property: 1903, $557,585; 1904, $578,124. Price of lands per acre: $2.50 to $25.00. Fo rest timbers: hickory, cedar, p op lar, ch estnut, locust, gum, walnut, oak, birch and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, rye, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, fi eld peas, sorghum, crab-grass and tobacco; Horticulture : all kinds of vegetables, apples, peaches, cherr ie. . melon s, grapes and berri es; Mineral: gold in large quantities.
DECATUR COUNTY.-Population: white, 13,67b; co lored, 15,778; total, 29.454 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $4,567,481 ; 1904, $5,II4,698. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $70.00. Forest timbers: yellow-pin e, cypress and various kinds of oaks. Products: Agricultural: cotton (u pland and sea-isla nd ), corn , sugar cane

G!::l~GIA1 S RESOURCES AND ~DVA NTAGES.

75

oat , sweet and some Iri sh potatoes, field pea:o, grbound-peaTsh, tobacco,. gdrains ~ndfl for-

f~~n~;opI-IorOticnueltfuarraml:.

has nearly 1,000 acres m to peaches, plums, berries of all

acco. kinds,

e figs,

syrup m ustry ts melons, and all- the

ourusual

garden vegetables; Mmeral: Marls.

DeKALB COUNTY. -Population : white, 14,068; colored, 7,044; t~tal, 2I,II2. Aggregate value of w hole property: 15)?3, $4,936.473; 1904, $4,918,375 Pnce o~ lands PeJ acre: from s.oo to $75 .00. Forest t1mbers: oak, chestnut, cherry, walnut, htck.ory and
pine. Product : Agricultural: cotton, corn , wheat, oats, rye, s?gar-ca_ne, Insh and
weet potatoes, field-peas , ground pe_as and crab grass hay; Horticultural : peaches, apple , plums, cherries, pear~, fi gs, bernes, watermelons, cantaloupes, and all vegetables;

1\Iineral: granite and g ne1ss.

DODGE COUNTY:-Population: white, 8,270; colored, 5,705; total, 13,975. Ago-reo-ate value of who le prope rty: 1903, $1,985,250; 1904, $2,187,573 Price of lands per ~cr~: from $J.OO to $35 00. Forest timbers: yellow pine with some oak, hickory, and other hardwoods. Products: Agricultural : corn, cotton (upland and sea-island), sugarcane, oats, wheat, ry e, sweet and Irish potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, and hay from crab g ra and Germa n millet; Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, figs, grapes, cher ri es, melon , berri es and all th e usual vegetables; Mineral: - - - .

DOOLY COUNTY.-Population, white, I 1,883; colored, 14,684; total, $26,567. Aggreo-ate val ue of who le property: 1903, $4,278,091; 1904, $4,56o,950. Price of lands per a rc: from $3.00 to $70.00. Forest timb ers : large quantities of yellow pine and
me hard wood . Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, sugar-cane, Irish and weet potatoes, field peas, g round-peas., crab-grass hay; Horticultural: the usual Yarictie of vegetables, me lons , berries, figs , peaches, plums and cherries; Mineral: m a r Is.
DOUGHERTY COU NTY.-Population: white, 2,451; color ed, 11 ,228; total, I~ ,679 Aggregate value , [ whole property: 1903, $3,834,230; 1904, $4,087,868. Price of lands per acre: from :- ~ -00 to $70.00. Forest timbers: yell ow pine, cyp ress and some hardwood . Product ~ Agricultural : cotton, corn, wheat, oats, upland rice, sugar-cane, Iri sh and sweet pota: .c s, fi eld-peas and ground-peas, crab and crowfoot g rass, Egyptian corn, German mi ll et and so rghum forage; Horticultural: peaches, pears, grapes, fi g , watermelon , ca ntaloupes and all varieties of vegetables; Mineral: - - - .

DOUGLAS COUNTY.-Population: white, 6,590; colored, 2,155; total, 8,745. Ago-reo-ale value of wh c: ~ jlroperty, 1903, $1,123,062; 1904, $I ,139.496. Price of lands per acre : from $3.00 to ~'.) :; .oo. For est timbers: oak, hickory, chestnut, gum, birch, maple and some pine. Products : Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes, sorghu m cane, field-peas , ground-peas and crab-grass hay; Hortint!tural: peaches, apples, m elons, berries, plums, cherries, fi gs and all vegetables; :.\Imeral, pyrites.

EARLY COUNTY .- Population: whit e, 5,863; col or ed, 8,965; t otal , 14,B28. Ag

, regate valu e of whole property: 1903, $2,282,925; 1904, $2,693.430. Price of lands per

acre: from
~fcde .cedar..

P$r~o. 0d0u cttos :$35A.0g0r.i~uFl_tourreaslt:

timbers: cotton,

yellow pine, cypress, oak, corn, o;J.ts, sw:eet potatoes,

walnut and sugar-ca':e,

eral ': Hmoarrtlics.ultural: all va n ettes of veo,..,-etables' melon s' bernes ' peaches and figs' Mm-

o-regEa tCHO1LS acre: efrv a ue

C of

OwUhoNleTpYro.-pPeortpy1:.1l1a9ti0o~n,.

$4w01h,i9te78

;2'

2119804' ,

c.o$4lo3r5e,d54' 3991

' P

tota rice

l

' 3'2n~:n:r of land

s

Ao-p~,..,r

cult I om $2 -50 to $3.5.00. Forest timbers: yellow pme, cypress. Products: Agn-

rie/ra f co tton (sea-tsland), corn, sugarcane, rice ; Horticultural: the different va-

tes 0 vegetab les, so me peaches, berries, melons; Mineral: marls.

GEORGIA'S. RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. :
EFFINGHAM! COUNTY.- Population: white, 4,630 i colored; 3,704; total, 8,334. Aggregate v:alue of whole property : I9Q3, $1,237,191; 1904, $1,267,862. Price of lands per acre: from $3 .00 to $35.00. Forest timbers: pine and cypress. Products: Agricultural: cotton, both long (sea-island) and short (upland) staple, corn, sugarcane, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, _ groundpeas and rice; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, quince , grapes, melons and all varieties of vegetables; Min eral : - --.
ELBERT COUNTY.- Population: white, 9,936; colored, 9,793; total, 19,729. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,330,381; I904, $2,4I2,722. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $70.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, chestnut, poplar, cherry, walnut and some pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, co rn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, Irish and sweet potatoes, field peas, ground peas, sorghum-cane, Bermuda g rass hay; Horticultural : apples, peaches, plums, cherries, melons, berries and all varieties of vegetables; Minaral: granite and graphite.
EMANUEL COUNTY.-Population: white, 12,873; colored, 8,4o6; total, 21,279. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,730,499; I9Q4, $2,875,637. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: pine and cypress. Products: Agricultural: upland and sea-island cotton, corn, sugar-cane, oats, field-peas, ground-peas, sweet potatoes, hay from peavines and native grasses; HDrticultural: vegetables of all kinds, peaches, figs, melons and berries; Mineral: marls.
FANNIN COUNTY.-Population: white, 10,918; colored, 296; total, I1,214. Aggregate value of whole property: I903, $935 ,795; 1904, $1,o8o,6o6. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $30.00. Forest timbers : white oak, post-oak, hickory, ash, poplar, maple, walnut and some pine. Products: Agricultural: corn, oats, rye, wheat, Irish and sweet potatoes, sorghum-cane, field peas, crab-grass hay and clover; Horticultural: apples, cherries , so me peaches, berri es a nd the usual varieties of vegetables; Mineral: gold, copper.
FAYETTE COUNTY.-Population: white, 6,553; colo:: d, 3,561 ; total, ro,rr4. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,001,556; 1904, $1. 10,970. Price of lands per acre: from $J.OO to $40.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickor )\, walnu t, mapl e, chestnut, pine, gum and poplar. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, rye, oats, barley, Irish and sweet potatoes, field peas, ground-peas, sorghum and sugar-cane and crab grass hay; Horticultural: peach es, apples, melons, grapes, berries, and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: gran ite.
FLOYD COUNTY.-P opulation: . white, 21,633; colored, II,48o; total, 33,I IJ. Aggregate value of whole property: I90J, $9,003,028; I904, $9,50I,868. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $75-00. Forest timb ers: oak, hickory, walnut, maple, poplar, gum, chestnut and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, sorghum-cane and hay from crab grass and clover; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears . plums, grapes, cherries. all varieties of berries, watermelons, cantaloupes and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: brown and red iron ores, manganese, bauxite, marble (variegated and black), slate. limestone, cement rock, li thographic stone, brown stone, kaolin, ochre, brick clay, bituminous shale, iron pyrite, gold, silver and lead.
FORSYTH COUNTY.-Popu lation: white, I0,467; colored, I ,o83; total, I I ,5 50. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $I,434,571; I904, $I ,505,072. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: second growth pine, hickory, chestnut and the varieties .of oak. Prod~tcts : Agricultural: cotton , corn, wheat, oats, barly, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas , g round-peas, sorghum-cane, hay from crab and Bermuda grass and from clover. Th e best 'hay of the county -is a mixture of pea-

GEORGIA's REsouRcEs AND ADVANTAGES.
vine, sorghum and crab grass; Horticultural : apples, peaches, plums, grapes, berries, melons and vegetables of ev:ery kind; Mineral: gold and small am ounts of silver and copper.
FRANKLIN COUNTY.-Population: white, 13.496; colored, 4,204; total, 17,700. Aggregate value of whole property: $I,9I6,413. Price of lands per acre: from $J.OO to $45.00. Forest timbers : different varieties of oak, hickory, maple, ash, birch, gum, walnut, poplar and some pine. Produ.cts: Agrucultural: cotton, corn, wheat, rye, oats, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoe s, hay from crab and Bermuda grass; Horticultural: vegetab les of all kinds, apples, peaches, berries and melon s; Mineral: granite.
F U LTON COUNTY.- Population: white, 71,591; colored, 45,772; total, 117,363. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $55,550,135; 1904, $58,322,234. Price of lands per acre: from $ro.oo to $125.00. Forest timbers: oak and walnut. Products: Agricultural: co tton, corn, wheat, rye, oats, field-peas , ground-peas, Irish and sweet potatoes, hay from clover, blue grass, Bermuda, crab and orchard grasses, red top, Tim othy and peavines; Horticultural: peaches,apples, cherries, plums, peas, grapes, berries, melons and all kinds of v'egetables; Mineral: some copper, iron pyrites, asbestos and gold, none of which are being mined. Clays for making brick and terra cotta are being worked.
GILMER COUNTY.- Population: wh ite, ro,121; colored, 77; total, ro,198. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $769,366; 1904, $812,391. Price of lands per acre: from $2.50 to $25.00. Forest timbers : chiefly oak and poplar. Products: Agricult ural: cotton, corn, whea-t; oats, rye, upland rice, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, fi eld-p eas, r eel-top, Timothy, Bermuda, clover, crab, orchard and blue grass. Horticu ltural: apples, peaches; quinces, plums, cherries, grapes, some berries and m elons and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: gold, iron, white and variegated marbles, lim estone, sandstone, mica, slate and granite.
GL AS COCK COUNTY.-Population: white, J,oor; colored, 1,515 ; total, 4,51 6. Aggregate value of whole property : 1903, $445,558; 1904, $479,685 . Price of lands per acre: from $5 .00 to $25.00. Forest timb ers: oak, walnut, pin e, ch estnut, hickory. mapl e, and gum. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, Stto'ar-cane. Irish and sweet potatoes, fi eld-peas, ground-peas; Horticultural: all varieties of vegetables, apples, peaches, plums, ch erri es, grapes, m elons and berries; Mineral: - - - .
GLYNN COUNTY.- Population: white, 5,2oo ; colored, 9,117; total, 14,3 l4 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $4,401 ,168; 1904, $4,483,692. Price of lands per acre: from $J.OO to $50.00. Forest timbers: cypress, sweet-gum, bee ch, g um, white oak, live oak, post oak, ash, and yellow pine. Products: Agricul ural: sea-island cotto n, corn, sugar-cane, wheat, oats, rye, rice, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas and ground-peas, some hay from Bermuda and crab gras ; Horticultural: peaches. plums, pears, quinces, melons, figs, grapes and berries and all v.egetables; Mineral: marls.
GORDON COUNTY.-Population: white, 12,488; colored, 1,631; total , 14,119. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,179.486; 1904, $2,249,857. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $35.00. Forest timbers : oak walnut, poplar, ash, h ickory, chestnut and some pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes, sorghum-cane, field -peas, ground-peas, crab grass and clover hay; Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, grapes, berries, melons, and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: iron, limestone, bauxite, black and variegated marbl e.
GREE NE COUNTY.-Population: white, 5,325; colo!'ed, I 1,217; total , 16,542. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,057,237; 1904, $2,096,633 Price of

I

8o

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

lands per acre: From $5.00 to $40.00. Forest timbers: oak hickory, gum, maple, cherry and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, .wheat, oats, rye, sorgh~m cane, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, clover, Bermuda, Germa~ mtllet and peavine hay; Horticultural: peaches, apples, cherries, plums, grapes, bernes, melons, and the usual kinds of vegetables; Mineral : Gran ite. .
GWINNETT COUNTY.-Population: white, 21,442; colored, 4,143; total, 25,585. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903,. $3,645,319; 1904, $3,793,296. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $45.00. Forest timb ers: oak, hickory, walnut, maple, poplar, gum and pine. Products : Agricultural: cat.ton, corn, wh~at, oats, rye, barley, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, sorghum-cane, hay from crab grass and clover; Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, cherries, pears, grapes, vegetables of all kinds, berries and melons; Mineral: granite, iron, quartz, . buhrstone and some gold.
HABERSHAM COUNTY.-Population: white, II,8I2; colored, I,792; total; 13, 6o4. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,793,859; 1904, $2,017,817. Price of lands per acre : from $2.50 to $35.00. Forest timbers: white oak, post oak, poplar, maple, hickory, beech, walnut, cedar and pine. Products: Agriculturai: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, fi eld peas and ground-peas, clover, alfalfa, vetches and all the hay grasses; Horticultural: garden vegetables ( es pecially cabbage and Irish potatoes), apples, plums, pears, grapes, ch~rries, melons and berries; Mineral-: iron, graphite, asbestos, gold, copper, ochre, manganese, marble, slate, graphite, talc and sandstone.
HALL COUNTY.- Population: white, I7,480; colored, 3,272; total, 20,752. Aggregate value of whole property: I903, $_s ,1 84,207; 1904, $5,458,633. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $75.00. Forest timbers: white oak, post-oak, poplar, hickory, pine, mapl e, ash, walnut, mountain oak and locust. Products: Agricultural : corn, cotton, wheat, oats, rye, sorghum cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground peas, crab and Bermuda grass and clover; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, grapes, figs, berrie~, melons and all garden produce; Mineral : gold, g ranite and other building stones, bric'k clay, and some iron, lead and silver.
HANCOCK COUNTY.-Population: white, 4,649; colored, I3,628; total, 18,277. Aggregate value of whole property: . I9QJ, $2,049,963; 1904, $2,287,418. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $50.00. Forest timbers: pine, oak, swe et g um , maple, hickory and walnut. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, sugar-cane and sorghum-cane, crab and Bermuda grass and clover; Horticultural: . apples, peaches, pears, phtms, cherries, g rapes, melons, berries, and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: asbestos, plumbago, kaolin and agate.
HARALSON COUNTY.-Population: white, 10,280; colored , 1,642; t otal, I I,922. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,570,120; 1904, $1,593.419. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $50.00. Forest timb ers: oak, hickory, walnut, g um, maple, poplar, ~nd pine. Products: Agricultural : cotton, .corn, wheat, oats, rye, sorghumcane, Insh and sweet potatoes, field-peas , ground-peas, crab grass and cl ove r; H ,orticul tural: apples, peaches, plums, cherries, grapes, berries, melons and all garden vegetables; Mineral: gold.
HARRIS COUNTY.-Population: white, 5,823; colored, I2,186; total, 18,009. Aggregate value of whole p-roperty: 1903, $1,805,699 ; I904, $1,800,790. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $40.00. Forest timbers : oak, poplar, walnut, hickory, maple , cherry, gum and pine.. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, barley, sugar-cane, sorghum-cane, sweet and Irish potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, crab grass



/
GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANT AGES.
hay; Horticultural: appl es, peaches, pears, plums, cherrie , m elons, berries and grapes; .M ineral: Granite.
HART CQUNTY.-Population: white, 10,467; co lored, 4,025; total, 14,492. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,613,825; 1904, $1,678,978. P ri ce of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $45.00. Forest timb ers: oak, poplar, hickory, walnut, cherry, ash, gum, and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sor ghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field -peas, ground-peas, crab and Bermuda grasses, German and cattail millet, Japan clover; Horti cultural: apples, peaches, pears, cherries, plums, grapes, melons, berries and all kinds of vegetab les; Mi neral: granite.
HEARD COUNTY.-Population: white, 7,163; colored, 4,014 ; total, I 1,177 Ag gregate value of whole property: 1903, $964,476; 1904, $973,825. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $35.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, maple, poplar, walnut, gum and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-pea s, ground-peas, sorghum-cane, sugar-cane, crab and Bermuda grass; Horticultural: vegetables of all kinds, peaches, apples, pears, cherri es, melons, grapes and plums; Mineral: granite.
HENRY COUNTY.- Population: white, 9,2 13; col ored, 9,389; total, r8,6o2. Aggregate value of whole property : 1903, $2,437,155; 1904, $2,350 267. Price of lands per acre : from $5.00 to $45 .00. Forest timbers: oak, walnut, chestnut, poplar, maple, cherry, pine and gum. Products : Agricultural: corn, cotton, wheat, oats, barley, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-pea s, ground-peas,. sorghum-cane, sugar-cane, crab and Bermuda grasses and clover; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, figs, plums, cherries, m elon s, grapes, berries and all kinds of vegetables; M in era l: granite.
HOUSTON COUNTY.-Popu lation: white, 5,635; colored, 17,006; total, 22,641. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,989,300; 1904, $2,995,255. Price of lands per acre : from $5.00 to $50.00. Forest timbers: oak, poplar, walnut, mapl e and yellow pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, sorghum-cane, sugar-cane, crab-grass hay; Horticultu raJ : peaches ( greatest peach county in the United States), apples, pears, plums, figs, cherries, grapes, berries, melons, and vegetables of every kind; M in era l: clay.
IRWIN COUNTY.-Population: white, 8,960; co lor ed, 4,685; total, 13,465. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,753,318; 1904, $3,279,039 Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers:. yellow pine, white-oak, water-oak, tulip, Juniper, cypress, black-gum, cedar, red oak, ash and hi cko ry. Products: Agricultural : cotton (sea island and upland) 1 corn, wheat, oats, rye; ric e, sugar-cane, sorghum-cane, sweet and Irish potatoes, field peas, ground-peas, hay from Bermud a, crab and crowfoot grasses, peavines, cattail millet and velvet beans; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plum, cherrie s, grapes, melons, berri es and all vegetables; Mi neral: - - - .
JACKSON COUNTY.- Population: white, 16,433; co lored, 7,606; total, 24,039 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3.473,151; 1904, $3,615,769. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $6o.oo. Forest timbers: pine, oak, post-oak, water-oak, white-oak, hickory, poplar, persimmon, beech, dogwood, birch and ash. Products: Ag ricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, rye, barley, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, field peas, ground-peas, sorghum cane, hay from crab grass, mill et, reel clover, Bermuda grass and peavines; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, m elons, berries, and vegetables of all kinds; Mineral: granite, quartz, soapston e, asbestos, tourmaline and some iron ore.
JASPER COUNTY.-Population: white, 5,388; colored, 9,645; total, 15,033 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $r ,767,355; 1904, $1,822,226. Price of lands

GEORGIA's REsouRcEs AND ADvANTAGES.
per acre: from $5.00 to $35 .00. Forest timb ers: oak, poplar, hickory, walnut, mapl e, cherry, gum and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, barley, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, sorghum cane, sugar-cane, Bermuda and crab grass .hay; Horticultural: apples, grapes, berries; Mineral, - - - .
JEFFERSON COUNTY.- Pop ulation: white, 6,634; colored, I 1,578; total, I8,212. Aggregate value of whole property: I903, $2,6I3,66o; I904, $2,864,255. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $40.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, poplar, walnut, cherry, maple and long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural : cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sorghum-cane, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, Bermuda and crab grass; Horticultural: peaches, apples, grapes, cherries, melons, berries and the usual garden vegetables; Mineral: Buhrstone, limestone, marls. Some specimens of a-gate and chalcedony have been found;
JOHNSON COUNTY.- Population: white, 6,878; colored, 4,53I; total, 11,409. Aggregate value of whole property: I903, $I,50I,082; 1904, $I,64I,644. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $35.00. Forest timb ers: some hard woods as oak, hickory, poplar, etc., and large quantities of long-leaf (yellow) pine. Products : Agricultural: cotton (upland and sea-island), corn, oats, wheat, rye, sugar-cane, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, crab grass and peavine hay, field-peas and grouna-peas; Horticultural : all vegetables, apples1 peaches, pears, plums, cherries, grapes, melons and berries; Mineral: - - -.
0
JONES COUNTY.- Population: witi te, 3,908; colored, 9.450; total, 13,358. Agg regate va lu e of whole property: 1903, $I,074,353; 1904, $I,059A37 Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $30.00. Forest timb ers: oak, hickory, poplar and other hardwoods, also short-leaf pine. P rod ucts: Agricultural : cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum-cane, sugar-cane, field-peas, ground-peas, Irish and sweet potatoes, hay from Bermuda and crab g rass and clov~r; Horticultural: apples, peaches, figs, pears, plums, berries, melons, cherries and all the u ual vegetables; Mineral: kaolin.
LAUREN S COUNTY.-Population: white, 14,569; co lored, I 1,339; total, 25,908. Aggr egate va lu e of whole property: 1903, $3,833,823; 1904, $3,998,41 I. P rice of land s per acre: from $4.00 to $45.00. Forest t imbers: a few hard woods and large quantities of yellow pine. P roducts: Agricu ltural: cotton (upland and sea-island), corn, wheat, r ye, oats, barley, sorghum-cane. sugar-cane, field-peas, ground-peas, Irish and sweet potatoes, hay from Bermuda and crab-grasses and peavines; Hlorticultural: peaches, apples, figs, pears, plums, cherries, melons. berri f' s, grapes and all th e common garden vegetables; Mineral: marls.
LEE COUNTY.-Population : white, I,507; co lored , 8,837; total, 10,344. Aggregate valu e of whole property: $r,231,868. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $35.00. Forest timber8: poplar, cypress, hi ckory, white oak and yellow pine. Products : Agricultural: cotto n, corn, wheat, oats, rye, hay from Bermuda, crab and crow foot g ra sses and peavines; Horticultural: vegetables of all kinds, melons, peach~s, apples, pears, berries and cherries; Mineral :marls.
LIBERTY COUNTY.-Population: white, 4.479; colored, 8,6I4; total, I3.093 Aggregate valu e of whole property: I903, $1,361,346; 1904, $I,396,I8o. Price of land s per acre: from $3.50 to $30.00. Forest timbers: yellow pine, oak, palmetto, gum, cypress, magnolia. poplar, mapl e and hickory. Products: Agricultural : sea-island cotton, corn, rice, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, fi eld-peas, ground-peas, chufas, sugar-cane, ha y from Bermuda, crab and crowfoot grasses; Horticultural: vegetables of every kind. apples, peaches, grapes, melons, cherries and berries; Mineral: marls.
LINCOLN COUNTY.- Population: white, 2,883; colored, 4,273; total, 7,156. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $718,740; 1904, $726,889. Price of lands per

86

GEORGIA'S RESOURCE S AND ADVANTA GC:S.

acre: from $3.50 to $30.00. Forest timbers: several varieties of oak, hickory, poplar, maple, dogwood and a considerable quantity of pine. I roducts: Arrricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, and barley, sorghum-cane, sugar-ca ne, Irish and sweet p~ tatoes, field-peas, ground-peas; hay from crab and Bermuda grasses and clover; Horticultural : peach es, apples, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries and v:egetables of all kinds ; Mineral: gold and granite.
L OWNDES COUNTY.- Population: white, 9,347; colored, 10,689; total , 20,036. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $4,644,290; 1904, $4,861,712. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $50.00. Forest timb ers: some oak and poplar and other hardwoods and exte ns ive forests of yellow pin e. Products: Agricultural: upland and a much larger amount of sea-island cotton, corn, suga r-cane, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, broom corn, and hay from crab and crowfoot grasses and peavines; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pear , plums, cherries, melons, berries, grapes and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: marl s.
LUMPKIN COU NTY.- Population: white, 6,951; colored, 482; total, 7A33 Ag gregate value of white property: $902,520. Price of land s per acre: from $5 .00 to $50.00. Forest timbers: oaks of various k inds, hi ckory, ash, poplar, maple, gum, beech, birch, walnut and some pine. Products: Agricultural: corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum-cane, field peas, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas and a littl e uplan d cotton; Horticultural: pea che , pears, quinc r.3 and apples of the be t quality; Mineral: gold in large quantiti es.
McDUFFIE COUNTY.- Population: white, 3,661; co lored, 6,143; total, 9,8o4. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,392,276; 1904, $I,463,II3. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, poplar and other hard woods and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, fieldpeas, ground-pea , sorghum-cane, sugar-cane, hay from crab grass and peavines; Hor ticultural: vegetables of all kind s, apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, berries, grapes, watermelons, canteloupes; Mineral: gold and clay.
MciNTOSH CO UNT Y. -Population: white, 1,456; colored, 5,o8r; total, 6,537. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $690,455; 1904, $679,242. Price of lands per acre: from $2.50 to $25.00. Fo rest timbers: cypress, sweet-gum, white and live oak, ash, hi ckory and pine. Produ cts: Agr icultural: sea-island cotton, corn, oats, suga rca ne, ri ce, Irish and sweet potatoes, fi eld-p eas, g round-peas, and crab grass hay ; Horticultural: peaches, melons, berries, and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: marls.
MACO N COUNTY.-Population: white, 4,302; colored, 9,791; total, 14,093 Ag gregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,140,334; 1904, $2,263,089. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $50.00. Forest timbers: Oak, poplar, and long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural : cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sugar-cane, sorghum-cane. Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, hay from crab grass and peavines; Horticultural: peaches in great quantities, apples, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berri es and all the usual garden vegetables; Mineral: clay. This is the second peach-grow ing county in the State, ranking next to H ouston .
MADI SON COUN T Y.- Population: white, 9,339; colored, 3,885; total, 13,224. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,216,490; 1904, $1,316,762. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $35.00. Forest timbers: Oaks, walnut, poplar, cherry, gum, mapl e, cedar and short-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, so rghum-can e, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, crab grass hay and some tobacco; Horticultural: Ev<:ry kind of vegetable, apples, peaches, grapes, melons, and berries; '[ineral: graphite.

88

GEORGIA' S RESOURCES AXD ADVANTAGI:CS .

MARION COUNTY .- Population: white, 4,231; colored, 5,849; total, ro,o8o. Aggregate value of whole property, 1903, $1,176,309; 1904, $1,214,769. Price of lands per acre: rom $3.50 to $35.00. Forest timb ers : Some goo d hardwood s and a little longleaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye_, sorghum-cane, sug ar-can e, Irish and sweet potatoes, fi eld-peas, ground-peas, and hay from crab and peavines; Horti cultural: peaches, apples, pears, firr s. melon s, berri es and all vari eti es of vegetables ; Mineral, ---.

MERIWETHER COp-NTY.-Pop ulat:on: white, 9,522; colored, 13,8q; t otal , 23,339. Aggregate value of whole property : 1903, $1 ,995,884; 1904, $r,942,r6o. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $35.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory , pop lar, maple. walnut and some pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat , oats, rye, sorghum-cane, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, fi eld-peas, ground-peas, and crab grass J1ay ; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, cherries, plums, melons, berries, g rap es and the usual kinds of vegetables; Mineral: gold, iron, asbestos and granite.

MILLER COUNTY.- Population: white, 3,61 1; colored, 2,708; total , 6,319. Agg regate value of whole property: 1903, $1 ,053 ,804; 1904, $1 ,289,856. Price of land s per acre : from $3 .00 to $35.00. Fores t timbers: so me hard w oods and a considerable quantity of long-l eaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cott on, corn, sugar-cane, oats, sweet potatoes, field-peas. ground-peas ; Horticultural: vegetables of all kinds, peaches, apples, melons, berries, plums and cherries; Mineral: ---.

MILTON COUNTY.- Population: white, 6,ooo; colored, 763; total, 6,763. Aggre-
gate value of whole property: 1903, $910,206; 1904, $904,267. Price of lands per acre:
from $3.00 to $15.00. Forest timbers : oak, walnut, hickory, chestnut1 mapl e, cherry, gum and pine. Products: Agricultural: corn, cotton, wheat, oats, rye, barley, Irish
and sweet potatoes, ground'})eas, sorghum-can e, and hay from crabgrass and clov:er;
Horticultural: apples1 peaches, pears, plum,.,, cherr ies, grape s, melon s, berries and the usual garden produ cts; Mineral: mica and g ra nite.

MITCH ELL COUNTY.-Population :white, 6,778; colored, 7,989; total , $14,767. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,743,784; 1904, $3,173.085. Price of lands per acre : fro m$3.50 to $40.00. Forest timbers: some hardwoods and considerabl e long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: upland and sea-island cotton, wheat, corn , oats, rice, Irish and sweet potatoes, fi eld-peas and ground-peas, sugar-cane, Bermuda and crab-grass and peavines; Horticultural: peaches, apples, p ears, melon s, berries, grapes and all the usual garden vegetables; Mineral: marls.

MONROE COUNTY.- Population: white, 6,817; colored, 13,865; total, 20,682.

Aggregate v'alue of whole property: 1903, $2,478,663; 1904, $2,568,114. Price of lands

per acre : from $4.00 to $50.00. Forest timbers: oak, poplar, walnut, hickory and

pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes,

field-pea s, ground-peas, sorghum-cane, sugar-cane, crab-grass hay; Horticultural:

peaches, appl es, pears, figs, plums, cherries, melons, grapes, berries and every variety

of vegetables; mineral : mica.



MONTGOMERY COU.NTY.-Population: white, 9,653; colored, 6,706; total , 16,359 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,441,667; 1904, $?,662,810. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $35 .00. Fores t timbers: cypress, oak1 hickory, ash and long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural : cotton, corn, oats, rice, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas and ground-peas; Horticultural: peaches, apples, figs, pears, berries, melon s and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: marls.

MORGAN COUNTY.-Population: white, 5,207; colored, 10,6o6; total, 15,813. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3,202,602. Price of lands per acre: . from

C:=J Long-Leaf Pin e.
C J Short-Leaf Pine.

LEGEND

0

Fi~~t0~~ s~~~a tes t Degree

Second D ea?ree of Density .

r--1 Oaks and oth er bard L--' woods, with Short -Leal
c=J Piue. Oaks and otner bar
CJ wood, with White Pine, Llve Oak, ?a1mettos. Bays.

Thir d Degree of Density.

FORESTRY MAP
- - - OF - - -
GEORGIA.
Sho\vlng th e Pr evailing Tim ber and Rela t ive Den s ity o! Existing Forest Are,.s.
0EPARTMENT OF ASRICULTU.lE.



0

~

90

GEORGIA'S RESOU RCE:> .'1.1\D DVANTAGI::S.

$5 .00 to $5o.oo. Forest timbers: a few hardw oods and some second growth pine. Products : Agricultu ral: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugarcane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-pea s, and large crop of hay from red top, Bermuda, crab and orchard grasses, peavines and clover; Horticu ltural: peaches, app les, pears, cherries, grapes, melons, plums, berries and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral : some mica.
MURRAY COUNTY.-Population: white, 8,102; colored, 521; total, 8,623. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,100,924; 1904, $1 ,1 57,704. Price of lands per acre : from $3.00 to $30.00. Forest timbers: oak, ash, beech, birch, laurel, chestnut, hickory, walnut, maple, gum and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, ry e, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, sorghum-cane, fi eld-peas, and hay from crab-grass and clover; Horticu ltural : apples, peach es, plum s, ch~rries, grapes, melons, berries and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: gold, talc, limeston e, marble.

MUSCOGEE COUNTY.-Population: white, 14,229; colored, 15,607; total, 29,836. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $16,275,610; 1904, $17,593,405. Price of lands per acre: from $5 .00 to $75.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, poplar, chestnut, dogwood and pine. Products : Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, sorghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground peas, hay from crab and Johnson grasses; Horticultural: apples, peaches, plums, pears, cherries, grapes, melons and berries; Mineral : granite.

NEWTON COUNTY.- Population: white, 8,589; colored, 8,145; total, 16,734. Aggregate valu e of w hole property: 1903, $3 ,088,533; 1904, $3,365,214. Price of lands per acre: from $4.50 to $70.00. Forest timbers: a few hardwoods, as oak and poplar, and second growth pines. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, Irish potatoes, sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, sorghum and sugar-cane, hay from crab and Bermuda grass; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, cherries, figs, grapes, melons, berries, and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: gran ite.

OCONEE COUNTY.-Population: white, 4,189; colored, 4.413; total, 8,602. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,145,712; 1904, $I,r76,900. P ri ce of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $45.00. Forest timb ers: oak, hickory, chestnut, walnut, sycamore, poplar, maple, ash and gum and short-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, fieldpeas and ground-peas, hay from crab and Bermuda grasses, p eavines and cl ov~r; Horticultural: appl es, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, figs, melons, berries and all kinds of vegetabl es; Mineral : mica, feldspar, horn-blende and gneiss.

OGLETHORPE COUNTY.-Population: white, 5,638; colored, 12,243; total , 17,881. Aggregate valu e of who le property: 1903, $r,691,952; 1904, $1 ,829,879 Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $35.00. Forest timbers: oak, pine, hickory, poplar, birch, ash, maple, sweet gum, blackgum, dogwood and cedar. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn , wheat, oats, _rye, barley, sorghum-can e, Irish and sweet potatoes, fieldpeas, ground-peas, hay from Bermuda, crab-grass and clover; Horticultural: appl es, peaches, pears, cherries, grapes, plums, figs, mel ons, berri es and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: gold, gramte, graphite and ochre.

PAULDING COUNTY.- Population: white, 11,624; colored, 1,345; total, 12,969. Aggregate va lu e of whole property: 1903, $1 ,536,103; 1904, $1,604,030. Price of land per acre: from $4.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: oak, hi ckory, pine, gum, maple, walnut, chestnut, birch. Prod ucts: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorgh um-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, hay from crab-

92

GEORGIA'S RESOURCE:) AND ADVA 'TAGES .

grass, peavines, and clover; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berri e and the usual vegetables; Mineral: gold, pyrite and shales.
PICKENS COUNTY.-Pop ulation: white , 8,226; colored, 415; total, 8,641. Aggregate valu e of whole property: 1903, $838,885; 1904, $830.477. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $25.00. Forest timbers: oak of th e vari ous kinds, ash, poplar, hickory, maple, and other hardwoods and short-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: corn, w heat, barley, oats, rye, so rg hum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, crabgrass hay, clover, and so me tobacco; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, grap es, mel ons, berries and all k inds of vegetables (cabbages and turnips being specially fine ); Minera l: marbl e in large quantit:es, iron ore and lim estone.

PIERCE COUNTY.-Population : white, 5,916; colored, 2,184 ; total, 8,100. Aggregate val ue of whole property: 103, $1,797,691; 1904, $1,942,238. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $30.00. Forest timbers: oak, hi ckory, black gum, poplar, maple, and cypress in considerable quantities and a g reat quantity of yellow ( long-leaf) pine. Products: Agricultural: sea-island cotton, corn, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, sugar cane, field-pe2s , ground-peas, and crab grass hay; Horticultural: peaches, pears, berries, melons and all kinds of vegetables ;Mineral.

PIKE COUNTY.-Population: white, 9,158; col ored, 9,003; total, 18,761. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,530817; 1904, $2,710,078. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $6o.oo. Forest timbers: 'oak, poplar, hickory, walnut, maple, cherry, gum and some short leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: . citton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugarcane, Iri sh and sweet potatoes, field-peas, groundpeas, hay from crab and Bermuda grass, pea vine and var ious kinds of millets; Horticu ltural: apples, peaches, pears, g rapes, ch erries, melons , berries and all the vegetables; Mineral: ---.

POLK COUNTY.-Population: white, 12937; colored, 4,919; total , 17,856. Ag

g regate value of whole property: 1903, $3,594,746; 1904, $3,833,144. Price of lands

per acre: from $5.00 to $65.00. Forest timbers: oak, poplar, hickory, chestnut, ma-

ple, cherry, beech, birch, gum and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat.

rye, oats', barley, Irish and sweet potatoes, sorghum and sugar-cane, field peas, g round-

peas, and hay from crab and Bermuda grass and clover; Horticulturl: apples, peaches,

pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries and vegetable of ev:ery kind; Mineral: iron and

slate.

-

PU!JASKI COUNTY.-Population: white, 7,460; colored, rr,029; total, 18,489.

ggregate valu e of whole property: 1903, $2,598,686; 1904, $2,740,641. Price of lands

per acre: from $3.50 to $5o.oo. Forest timbers: oak, poplar, gum, hi ckory, cypress

and long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sugarcane,

sorghum, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, g round-peas; Horticultural: apples,

peaches, pears, cherries, melons, berries and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: Clay and

limestone.

PUTNAM COUNTY.-Population: white, 3,379; colored, 10,057; total, 13.436. Aggregate value of whole property : 1903, $1,957,709; 1904, $1,964,873. P rice of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $6o.oo. Forest timb ers : oak, ch estnut, hickory, poplar,' cherry, ash, walnut, sweetgum and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, hay, ry e, barley, sorghum and sugar cane, Irish and sweet p tatoes, fi eld-peas, ground-peas, hay from crab and Bermuda grass; Horticultural: peaches, apple , pears, figs, plums, cherries, pomegranates, melons, berries and all gard en vegetables; Mineral: granite and brick clay.

94

GEORGIA'S RESOU~CE S AND ADVANTAGES.

QUITMAN COUNTY.-Population.: white, I,254; colored, 3,447; total, 4,701. Aggregate value of whole property: I903, $532,942; I904, $56o,673. Price of lands per acre : from $3.00 to $20.00. Forest timbers: oak, hi ckory, chestnut, beech, gum, walnut, poplar and some yellow pine. Products: Agricultural : cotton, corn , wheat, oats, rye, sorghum and sugar-ca ne, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground -peas, chufas, rice, hay from crab, Bermuda and Johnson grass; Horticultural: peaches, pears, apples, figs, melons, berries and all the usual garde n vegetables ; Mineral: - - -.
RABUN COUNTY.-Population: white, 6,104; colored, r8I; total, 6,285. Aggregate value of whole property: I9Q3, $578,I95; 1904, $761 ,702. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $I5.00. For est timbers: oak, hickory, chestnut, walnut, poplar, cedar, maple, beech, ash, birch, gum, persimmon an d pine. Products: Agricultural: corn, wheat, oats, rye, upland rice, Irish and sweet potatoes, sorghum cane, field-peas, g round peas, hay from crab and Bermuda grass and clover; Horticultural: apples of the fin est quality, so me of the othe r fru its and all kinds of vegetables, especially white head -cabbage of enormous ize; Mineral : gold, asbestos, mica, corundum, copper, sandstone, iron, carbonate of iron and alum.
RANDOLPH COUNTY.-Population: white, 5,550; colored, I 1,297; total, I6,847 Aggregate valu e of whole property: I903, $2,I6I,950; I9041 $2,338,354. Price of land per acre: from $5.00 to $65.00. Forest timbers: ash, maple, poplar and yellow pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, rye, oats, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoe , field-p eas, ground-peas, upland rice, hay from crab and crowfoot grasses and peav in es; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries, and all the u ual garden vegetables; Mineral: - - - .
RICHMOND COUNTY.-Population: white, 27,439; colored, 26,296; total, 53,735 Aggregate va lu e of whole property: $23,023,76I. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $Ioo.oo. For e t timbers : oak, walnut, sweetgum, cherry, maple, p oplar, pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, barley, peas, hay from Bermuda, crab and Guinea grasses, peavines and vetch; Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, pears, cherries, grap es, figs, some pecans and vegetables of every kind; also some pecans; Mineral: sandstone, kaolin, brick and pottery clay.
ROCKDALE COUNTY.- P opulation: white, 4AI9; colored, 3,096; total, 7,5I5. Aggregate valu e of whole prop erty: I903, $I,494,I32; 1904, $I ,625,o6r. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $6o.oo. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, walnut, sweet gum, poplar, maple, ash and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugar cane, field peas, ground peas, Irish and sweet potatoes, hay from crab and Bermuda a rasses, peavi n es and different species of millet; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherri es, figs, grapes, mel ons, berries and all the usual garden products; Mineral: gran ite in large quantities.
SCHLEY COUNTY.- Population : white, 1,916; colored, 3,583; total , 5,499. Aggregate V:alue of whole property: I903, $802,096; I904, $851,632. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $20.00. Fo rest tim ber s: oak, hickory, ash , maple and long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field peas and ground peas; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, berries, n1elon s, and vegetables of all kinds; Mineral: - - -.
SCREVEN COUNTY.- Population: white , 8,3o6; colored , 10,946; total, 19,~52 . Aggregate value of whole property: r903, $1,810,I48; 1904, $1 ,984,098. Price of lands per acre: rfom $4.00 to $zo.oo. Forest timbers: white oak, ash, maple, poplar, longleaf pine and cypress. Products: Agricultural: Upland and some sea-island cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, rice, sorghum and sugarcane, field-p eas, ground-peas, chufas, Irish and sweet potatoes, hay from crab grass and peavines; Horticultural: peaches,

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

95

apples, plu ms, figs, melons, ber ries and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: buhrstone and clay.

SPALDING COUNTY.-Population : w hite, 8,465; colored, 9,I54; total, I7,6I9. Aggregate va lue of whole property: I903, $4,264,784; 1904, $4.425,580. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $75.00. Forest timbers: Oak, ash, maple and poplar and p ine. .Products: Agricultural: cotton, cor n, wheat, oats, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes, sorghum, millet, peavines, clover and vetches; Horticultural: apples, peach es, pears, grapes, cherries, melons, berri es and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral, granite.

STEWART COUNTY.-Population : white, 4,019; colored, I 1,837; total, 15,856. Aggregate value of whole property: I903, $1,914,755; 1904, $1 ,929,366. Price of lands per acre : from $3.50 to $5o.oo. Forest timbers: Some hard woods and long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: corn, wheat, rye, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, crab, Bermuda, Johnson a nd Crowfoot g rasses; Horticultural: peach es, plu ms, apples, pears, berries, me lons and all vegetables; Mineral : marls an d brick clay.

SUMTER COU N TY.- Popu lation: white, 7,399; col ored, r8,8r3; total, 26,212. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $4,913,563; 1904, $5,376,180. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $75.00. Forest timbers : oak, poplar, h ickory and other hardwoods and yellow pi ne and cypress. Prod ucts: Agricul tural : cotton, corn, w h eat, oats, rye, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, Bermuda and crabg rass and peavines for hay; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries, and all varieties of vegetab les; Mineral : marls.

TALBOT COUNT Y.- Population: white, 3,658; colored, 8,539; total, 12,197. Agg regate value of whole property : 1903, $1,107,902; 1904, $1 ,129,559 Price of lan ds per acre: fr om $3.50 to $35.00. Forest timbers : some hardwoods and pine. Products: Agricultural: corn, cotton, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugar cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, fi eld-peas, ground-peas, and crab-grass hay; Hprticultural : apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries and all garden vegetab les; Mineral, - .

TALIAFERRO COUNTY.-Pop ul ation: wh ite, 2,391; colored, 5,521; total, 7,912. Aggregate value of whole property: I903, $725,838; I904, $74I,150. Price of lands per acre : from $4.00 to $35 .00. Forest timbers: a few hardwoods and some short-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sor gh um and sugar-cane, field peas, ground-peas, Irish and sweet potatoes and crab grass hay ; Horticul tural : peaches, apples, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries and a ll varieties of vegetables; Mineral, - - -.

TATTNALL COUNTY.-Population: white, 13,3o6; co lored, 7,II3; total , 20AI9. Aggregate value of whole property: I903, $4,000,000; 1904, $4,051,071. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers : a few hardwoods and extensive fo res ts of long-leaf (yellow) pine. Products: Agricultural : sea-island cotton, corn, Iris h and sweet potatoes, fi eld-peas, rrroun dpeas and sugar-cane; Horticu ltu r al : peaches and other fruits, melons, berri es and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: marls.

TAYLOR COUNTY.- Population: white, 4,820; colored, 5,026; total, 9,846. Aggregate value of whole rpoperty: I903, $I,oog,5o7; I904, $I,o88,465. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $35.00. Forest timbers: some hardwoods and pine. Products: Agricultu ral : cotton , corn , wheat, oats, rye, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, fie ldpeas, .ground-peas, hay from crab grass; Horticu ltu r al : peaches, apples, pears, p lu ms, cherries, melons, berries, and all vegetables; Mineral: clay.

GEORGIA's REsouRcEs .A.ND ADvANTAGES.
TELFAIR COUNTY.-Population: white, 5,957; colored, 4,126; total, 10,083. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $r,560,63r; 1903, $1,726,597 .Price of Janas per acre: fr om $3.00 o $25.00. Forest timbers: some hardwoods, including cypress, but the most extensive forests of pine. Products: Agricultural: upland and sea-island cotton, corn, oats, rye, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-pea s, ground-pea~1 chufas, rice, millet, crab-grass hay; Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, pears, berries, melons, and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral, - - - .
TERRELL COUNTY.-Population: white, 5,674; colored, 13,349; total, 19,023. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,879,678; 1904, $3,195,923. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $6o.oo. Forest timbers: oak, white oak, ash, maple, sycamore, poplar, gum, magnolia and long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sugar-can e, sorghum, Irish and sweet potatoes, fieldp as, groundpeas, crab and Berm uda grass, peavines and V'elvet beans; Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, cherries, grapes, melons, berries and vegetables of every variety; Miner al: marls.
THOMAS COUNTY.-Population: white, 13,626; colored, 17.450; total, 31,076. Aggregate value of whole property : 1903, $5,056,631 ; 1904, $5,650,938. Price of lands per acre : from $4.00 to $75.00. Forest timbers: various kinds of oak, hickory, poplar, magnolia, gum, beech and large quantiLes of yellow pine. Products: Agricultural: upland and sea-island cotton, corn, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugarcane, field-peas, g round-peas and crab-grass hay; Horticultural: all varieties of vegetables, peaches, p ears, appl_es, plums, berries, figs, grapes and melons; Mineral: marls.
TOWNS COUNTY.-Population: white, 4,677; colored, 71; total, 4,748. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $376,180; 1904, $401.445 Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $ro.oo. Forest timbers: oak . hi ckory, poplar, walnut, chestnut, cherry, Lynn birch, maple, ash, locust and pine. Products: Agricultural: corn, oats, wheat, rye, sorghum, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, crab-grass and peavine hay, red-top and clov'e r; Horticultural: some peaches, g ra pes, cherries, plums, melons ands berries, abundance of apples of best quality, chestnuts, vegetables of all kinds, among which are turnips of immense size and cabbages of best quality and size; Mineral: granite, serpenti ne gneiss, gold, iron, ch rome, magnetite, manganese, asbestos , talc, ochre, yellow and reel plum bago, bnhr;;tones, some gems and abundance of corundum.
TROUP COUNTY .- Pop ulat ion: white, 8,668; colored, 15,334; total , 24,002. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $4,435,034; 1904, $4,556,204. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $8o.oo. Forest timbers: yellow pine, oak, hickory, maple, walnut, sweet gum, poplar, ash and cherry. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, fi eld-peas, ground peas hay from Bermuda and crabgrass, peavines, clover ai1d wheat hay; Horti cultural : peaches, apples, pears, plums, ch erries , g ra pes, melons, berries, figs, and the best of all variet'es of vegetables and pecans; Min eral: some g ranite.
TWIGGS COUNTY.-Population: white, 2,91 I; co lored, 5,805; total, 8,716. Ag gregate value of whole property: 1903, $88r,o5r; 1904, $853.426. Price of land s per acre: from $3.00 to $rs.oo. Forest timbers: pine, hickory, oak, poplar and other hardwoods peculiar to this section. Prod ucts: Agricultural: cotton, corn. wheat, oats, rye, so rghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweeet potatoes, field-peas and g round-peas, Bermuda and crab grass hay, and peavines: Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, plums, figs , cherries, melon s, berries and all varieties of ,-cg-etables; Mi neral : pottery clay and bluestone.,

LEGE~D
0 Tertia Ty and Post Tertiary Cretaceou s CArboniferous D ev onian O s nurlan

GEOLOGICA L MAP
--OF--
GEORGIA.

[jiiCa.rnbrian .

COMPILEIJ FROM

Crystalline Rocks

STATE GEOLOGICAL H.ECORDS AND MA NU-

Q uarte rnary

SCR[P 1' NOTES .

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICUlTURE.

GEORGIA's REsouRcEs AND AovANTA GEs.

97

UNION COUNTY.-Population : white, 8,353; colored, 128; total, 8,481. Aggregate value of whole property: $576,845. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $10.00. Forest timbers: oaks of various kinds, hickory, poplar, white and spruce pine, gum, walnut, black locust, maple and laurel. Products: Agricultural: corn, wheat, rye, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas and ground-peas, hay from crab and herd's grass, red top and clover; Horticultural : peaches, plums, cherries, large quantities of apples of finest quality, all varieties of garden vegetables, including turnips and cabbages of the best quality and size; Mineral: iron ore, alum, sulphate of iron and granite quartz, millstones and variegated marble.
UPSON COUNTY.-Population: white, 6,189; colored, 7.481; total, 13,670. Aggregate value of whole property: $1,652,276. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $45.00. Forest timbers : oak, hickory, elm and other hardwoods, also some pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, sorghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, crab and Bermuda grass hay; 'Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, figs, cherries, berries, melons, and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: mica.
WALKER COUNTY.- Population: white, 13,197; colored, 2,464; total, 15,661. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,542,121; 1904, $2,805.473 Price of lands per acre : from $3 .00 to $45 .00. Forest timbers oak, ash, walnut, hickory, maple, poplar, laurel, o-um, chestnut and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, rye, oats and barley, sorghum, fie ld-peas, ground-peas, Irish and sweet potatoes, hay from crab grass and clover; Horticultura l : peaches, app.fes, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries, and all kinds of vegetables, especially the finest of cabbages; Mineral: iron, bituminous coal, granite, marble and limestone.
WALTON COUNTY.- Population: white, 12,601; colored, 8,341; total, 20,942. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3.425,073; 1904, $3,535,623. Pri ce of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $6o.oo. Forest timbers: oak, poplar, hickory, walnut, sweetgum , maple, ash, cherry and some pine. Products : Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, groundpeas, hay from Bermuda , crab-grass and peavines; Horticultural: apples, peaches, plums, cherries, melons, berries, figs and vegetables of all kinds; Mineral: gran ite.
WARE COUNTY.-Population: white, 8,652; colored, 5,109; total, 13,761. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3,349,133; 1904, $3,665,080. Price of lands per acre: from $4 to $6o.oo. Forest ti.mbers: a few hardwoods, as oaks, gums, cypress, magnolia, and large quantities of yel-low pine. Products: Agricultural : sea-island cotton, corn, oats, rice, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, groundpeas, crab-grass hay and tobacco; Horticultural: peaches, melons, berries, figs, pears , plums and oranges and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral : marls.

WARREN COUNTY.- Population: white, 3.842; colored , 7,621; total , I 1,463. aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1 ,345 ,285; 1904, $1.433 ,.189. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $6o.oo. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, poplar, persimmon, dogwood, laurel , bay, chestnut, and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton. corn, wheat. oat . rye, barley, sorghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, groundpeas, hay from crab grass, sorghum and peavines; Horticultural: peaches, apples , plum s, cherries, melons, grapes, berries, and v egetables of th e usual kinds; Mineral, - .
WASHINGTON COUNTY.-Population: white, 10,8o5; colored , 17.422; total , 28.227. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3,981 ,037: 1904, $4,313.440. Price o f lands per acre: from $4.00 to $70.00. Forest timbers: white oak, poplar, hickory, chestnut, gum and yellow pine. Products:: Agricultural : rotton , corn, oats, wheat,

z
<
Pl
C)
0

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

99

rye, barley, sorghum and sugar-cane, field-peas, ground-peas., and crab grass hay; Horticultural: peaches, appl es, pears, figs, berries, grapes, melons, cherries, and vegetables of all kinds; Mi neral: pottery clay, sandstone and buhrstone.

WAYNE COUNTY.-Population: white, 7,222; colored, 2,227; total, 9.449 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $r,7o6,892; 1904, $1,761,267. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $50.00. Forest timbers: Some hard woods, chiefly cypress, and large quantities of yellow pine. Products: Agricultural: Sea-islan d cotton, corn, oats, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, cra b-grass hay; Horticultural : peaches, melons, berries, figs, pears, grapes and a great variety of vegetables. Mineral: marls.

WEBSTER COUNTY.-Pop ulation: white, 2,504; colored, 4,114; total, 6,6r8. Aggregate value of whole property : 1903, $766,218; 1904, $802,026. Price of land per acre: from $4.00 to $25.00. Forest timbers: pine, poplar, ash, birch, tupelo, sweet and blackgum~ hickory, black-jack, r ed, white and Spanish oaks. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oat s, rye, sugar-cane, sorghum, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, g r ound-peas, chufas, hay from crab and crowfoot grasses ; H,orticultural: peaches, apples, plums, cherries, melons, grapes, figs, berries, and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral,

WHITE COUNTY.-Population: white, 5,312; colored, 6oo; total, 5,912. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $662,627; 1904, $676,208. Price of land per acre: F rom $4 to $2o.oo. Forest timbers: pine, white, red, Spanish and post oaks, chestnut, hickory, cherry and walnut. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn1 wheat, oats, rye, barl ey, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas , ground-peas, hay from Bermuda, crab and herd's grass, clover and peav.ines; Horticultural: apples, peaches, plums, pears, ch erri es, g rap es, meloris, berries and every kind of vegetab le. There are shipped in winter, large white cabbages, barrels of sauerkraut and luscious apples; Mineral: gold and asbestos.
WHITFIELD COUNTY.- Population: white, 12,683; colored, r,826; total, 14,509 Aggregate value of whole property : 1903, $3,1 43,523; 1904, $3,253,007. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $70.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, maple, poplar, cherry, walnut, beech, birch, persimmon, and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, barley, rye, sorghum, Irish an d sweet potatoes, field-peas, g roundpeas, crab g rass hay, clover and peavi nes; Horticultural: appl es, peaches, pears, plums, cherrie , g rapes, m eions, be rries and all the variet ies of vegetables; Mineral: iron, ba uxite, manganese, silica, marble, sa ndstone, lim estone and clay.
WILCOX COUNTY.-Pop ul ation: wh ite, 6,893; co lored, 4,204; total , r I,097 Ag gregate value of whole prop erty: 1903, $r,6o7,704; 1904, $I,778,020. Price of lands per acre : from $3.50 to $20.00. Forest timbers: som e hardwood s including considerable cyp ress; al so large quantities of yellow pine. Products: agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, r ye, barley, sugar-can e, sorghum, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-p eas, ground-peas, hay from crab grass and peavines; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, pl ums, cherri es, figs, g rapes, melons, berries, and all the usu al vegetab les; M in eral, clay.
WILKES COUNTY.-Populati on: white, 6,423 ;. colo red, 14.443; total, 20,866. Aggregate valu e of whole property: 1903, $2,747,270 ; 1904, $2,824,930. Price of land per acre: from $4.00 to $6o.oo. Forest tim bers: oak, hickory, poplar, sweet gum, cherry, mapl e, black-j ack and pine. P rodu cts: Agricul tural: cotton, corn , wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, fi eld-peas, groundpeas, crab and Bermuda grass hay, peavines an d clover ; Horticultural : app les, peach-



100

GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES.

es, pears, figs, cherries, g rapes, melons, perries, and all varieties of veg etables; Min era!: granite, quartz, so me iron, gold and soapstone.

W ILKINSON COUNTY.- Population: white, 5.409; colored, 6,031; total, 11,440Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $I,I68,88I; 1904, $1 ,229,330. Price of lands per acre: from $3 .50 to $30.00. Forest timbers: oak, hi ckory, gum, cypress, sycamore, and lon g-leaf pine. Products : Agricultural : cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sorg hum, sugar-cane, Iri sh and sweet potatoes, fie ld peas, ground-peas, hay from crabg rass and p eavines; Horticultural: appl es, peaches, pears, plum s, ch erries, g rapes, figs, melon s, berries and all g ard en products; Mineral, clay and rotten lim est one.

WORTH COUNTY.-Population : white, 10,252; colored, 8,412; total, 18,664. Ag gregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,974,486; 1904, $3,247,122. Price of land per acre: from $4.00 to $40.00. Forest timbers : hickory, g u m, cypress and long-leaf pi ne. Produ cts : Agri cultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, upland rice, sorghum, sugar-can e, Irish and sweet potatoes, fi eld-peas, g round-p eas, chufas, hay from crab grass and peavines; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, ch erries, grapes, figs , melo"ns, berries and all th e usual vegetables; Mineral : clay, limestone, and sandstone.

NOTE. -The returns of the fo llowing counties, g iving the aggregate value of whole property

for 1904. did not come in time to appear in this publication: Coffee, Fl'anklin, Lowndes, Morga n,

Richmond, Union and Up.son.

J . T . DERRY.

INDEX

A

.PAUE.

Abbeville

(j]

Academy for the Blind . .

53

Academy of Richmond County

51

Acworth .....

31

Adairsville . .

33

A Field of Broom Corn

GO

Agate . . .

53

Agnes Scott Institute .

45

Agriculture . . . .

. . . . . . . . . l!:l, 20

Agricultunl Map . . . . . . oppo5ite page lU

Allatoona . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15, 3:i

Alum. See Canton, Cherokee County . 35, 37

Aluminum or Bauxite . . . . . . 21, 23, 29, 35

Albany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 65

Alleghany Mountains . . . . . . . . . . 17, 11:)

Alphabetical List of Counties, with Popula-

tion, products, etc. .

. . . . . 68-99

Altamaha Basin . . .

. . . 17

Americus City . .

. 57, 63

Amethysts . .

. 23

Amicalola FalL.; ..

. 42

Anchovy Shoals . .

. 51

Andersonville . . . .

. 63

Andrew Female College

. 63

Apalachicola Basin . . .

. 17

Apples (see reports of counties)

W. 37

Appling County . .

. 61. 68

Area of Georgia .

. . . 15

Armuchee Valley .

. 2fl. 33

Artesian Wells . .

. ::!3, 2ii. Kl

Asbestos . . . . . . . . . . . .. 37, 39, 47, 53

As hb urn . .

. . . . . . . .

63, 65

Asses ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 20
Assessed Valu a tion of Property . . . . . . . :w

Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43, 49

Atlanta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15, 18, 43, 45

A Tobbacco Field . .

(lj'

Augusta . .

. . 43, 51. 53. 55, 50

B

Ba inbridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fi9. 65

Baker County . . . . . . . . . . G5, 6S

Baldwin, Abraham

.. 15

Baldwin Co unty . . . . .

41, 49, 53, 68

Ball Grou nd ..

. . . . . . 40

Banking Establi shments

..... . 26

Banks County . . . . .

. 25. 37, 39, 68

PAGE.

Baptist Orphans Home . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Barite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Barley (See the report of products of each

county) . . .

. . 19

Barnesville . . . . . .

. . 53

Bartow County . . . .

31, 33, G8

Bauxite oT Aluminum

. 21, 23, 29 35

Beef Cattle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Bees . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Bermuda Grass (.see list of products of

each county) . . . . . . . .

. . 19, 51

Berrien County . . . . . . . . . 61, 63, 68, 69

Berrien, John McPherson . .

. 15

Berries (see reports of counties)

. 19

Bethel Male College . .

. 63

Beverly . . .

. 51

Bibb County . . . . .

. 41, 53, 69

Blackshear . .

. 61

Black Walnut . . . . . .

. 20

Blakely . . . . . . . . . . . .

. 65

Bleached Cotton Goods

. 25

Blood Mountain

. 17

Bloody Marsh . . . . .

. 57

Blue Ridge ( town) . .

. 37

Blue Ridge Mountains .

. 17

Bonded Debt . . . . . .

. 25

Brick (enameled brick)

. 23

Brooks County . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63, G9

Broom Corn (a field of) . . . . . .

. . GO

Broomtown Valley . . . . . . . . . . . 18, 33

Brunswick . . . . . . . . . . 17, 57, 59. 61, 65

Bryan County

. 61. 69

Buckwheat .

. 19

Buena Vista .

. . 63

Buford . . . . .

. . 45

Buhr ......... .

. . . . . 3 7. 45, 59

Bulloch, Archibald

... 15

Bulloch County . . . .

. . 61, 69

Burke County ..

. . 59, 6U

Butts County . . . .

. . . . . . . 53. GU

c

Cabbages ..... Cairo . Calhoun County Calhoun (town ) Camden County Camilla

. .. . ... .. . 37 . . . . . .. . .. 65 . . . . . . . . . . 65. 69
... 35 . 38, 70 . . . 65

INDEX

PAGE.

Campbell County

0 47, 70

Cane Creek Fall

48 0

0

0

Canton . . . .

35 0

0

0

Carroll County

0 41, 47, 70

Carrollton . .

50 0

0

0

Cartersville ..

0 0 .ilil

Cassava .. . .

0 20, 57

Cassville .. .

36 0

0

0

Catoosa County .

0 33, 38, 70

Catoosa Springs ...

0 31l

Cattle . . . . . . .

0 20

Cattle .H.anges .

0 57

Cave Spring ...

0 ill

Cedartown . . .

. 31l

Cedar Valley . .

. 18, ilil

Charitable Institutions

. . . 27

Charlton County . . .

. Gl, 7i.l

Chatham County . . .

. liO, 62, 70

Chattahoochee Cou nty . . . . . . .

65, 70

Chattooga County . . . . . . . . . . . 33, 72

Cherokee County . . . . . . . . . 35, 37, 72

Cherries (ee reports of counties)

19 0

0

0

Chert ....

21 0

0

0

Chestnuts ..

0 37, 41

Chickamauga

. 15, 41

Chickamauga Valley . . .

. . . 29

Chickens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21, 70

Chinaware . . . . . . . .

. 23

Chrome .. . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Chufas ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Cities of Georgia, List of, with Population

in 1900 . . . . . .

. .. 30

Clarke County .

0 40, 72

Clarke, Elijah . . . .

. 1fo

Clarkesville . .

. 42

Classic City (a name applied to Athens) . 4U

Clay Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51l

Clay County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63, 72

Clays . . . . . .

. . . . . . . 23

Clayton County . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47, 72

Climate Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lG, 19

Clinch County . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61, 72

Clover (see the different coun ties) . . . . 19

Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21, 23, 29-34

Cobb Counnty . .

. . 31, 33, 72

Cobb Family . .

. . . 15

Cochran . ..

. . . G1

Coffee County ..

. Gl. 7-1

Cohutta Range .

. 17

Cohutta Springs

35 0

0



College Park . .

45 0

0

0

Colquitt County . . . . . ..

0 65, 74

Columbia County . . . . . .

0 51, 53, 74

Columbus (city) . . . . . . 0 0 0 43, 53, 55

Commerce (or Harmony Grove)

0 41:)

Commercial Orchards . .

. 20

Conveniences

. 16

Conyers .. .

0 47

Copper . . .

0 23, 47

Cordele .. .

0 59, 63

Corn Crop (see products of different coun-

ties) . .

. 19, 20, 55

Cornelia .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . : 41

Corundum

. . . . . . . . . . . 21, 23

Corundum Mine, R abun County, Ga. . 37, 42

Cotton Crop (see also list of counties)

0

0

0

0



0

0

0



0

0





0

0



0

0 19, 20,55

Cotton Factories

. . . . . . . . . . . 25

Cotton Field . .

. . . . . . . . . . .. 58

Cot to n Gin-s . . .

0 25

Cotton Oil Mills ...

0 25

Covington (town) . .

0 41:)

Coweta County . . . . Cowpeas (see reports of co unties)

0 47, 74
.w

Cows ...

0 20

Cox College . . . .

0 45

Crawford family .

0 15

Crawford County .

. 41, G5, 74

Cumming ..

42 0

0

0

Cuthbert . . . . .

. . . 59, G3

D

Dade County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29, 74

Dahlonega . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37, 3D

Dairy Cows ..

. 20

Dallas

0 35

Dalton . . . .

0 31

Darien . ...

~ 0 61

Davis, Jefferson Dawson County

0 51
. :n, 39, 74

Dawson (town)

0 0 0 59, 63

Decatur County

. G5, 74, 75

Decatur (town)

. . . . 45

DeKalb County .

-11, 45, 75

Derry, J. T.. .

0 3, 5

Diamonds .. .

23 0

0

0

Digging Potatoes

83 0



0

Dodge County .

0 61, 75

Dome Mountain . .

1 7 0

0

0

Dooly County . . . .

0 63, 75

Dooly, John . . .

15 0

0



Dougherty County

0 65. 75

Douglas County . .

0 41, 47, 75

Drainage System

17 0



Dublin ..

0 57, 61

Ducks .... . .

21 0

0

0

INDEX

E

PAGE.

Early County ..

. 65, 75

Earthen ware .

. 11

Eastman ...

. Ul

East Point ..

. 4-

Eaton ton . . .

. 4!.!

l!khols County

. 7~>

Edgewood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Education . . .

. . . 2G, 27

Effingham County . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7U

Elbert County . . . . . . . . . . . . 41, 51, 7U

Elbert, Samuel . .

. 15

Elberton . . .

. . 51

Electric Car Lines

.. 27

Emanuel County .

. U1, 76

Emerson .....

. .. 36

Emory College . .

. . . 4ll

Empire State of the South- origin of this

title see Manufactures . .

. 15, 23

Enameled Brick

. 21

EngHsh Walnut . .

. 20

Enota Mountain . .

. 17

Experiment Station

. 53

Extent of Georgia .

. 17, 18

F

Fall Line (see Water Powers)

. . . . . 25

Fannin County . . .

. 35, 37, 7G

Fayette County . . .

. 47, 76

Fertilizer Factories .

. 25

Few, William

. 15

Field of Corn

. !Jl

F itzgerald . . .

. G3

Flour Mills . . .

. 25

Floyd County .

. 31, 7G

F loyd, John . .

. .. 15

Forest Timbers (see also Ji.st of counties) . 21

Forestry Map . .

.. . Sl:l

Forsyth (city) . .

. . 50

Forsyth County . .

. 37, 30. 70. 7/:l

Fort Gaines . .

. G3

Fort Valley . .

. . G1

Foundries . .

. . 25

Franklin County .

. 37. 3D, 78

J<rederica . .

. . . . . 57

Fruits of Georgia

. . ... 32

Fulton County . . . . . . . . . . 41, 43, 45, 7 '

Fu rman's Shoals . .

. 4U

Furnaces . . . . . . . .

. 25

Furniture Factories . .

. 25

G PAGK

Gainesville . . .

. 42

Gathering Beans

. . . 7H

Geese . . . . . .

. . . 21

Geologi cal Map of Georgia . Opposite page 9G

Geology of Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . 21, 2::1

Georgia as a Whole . . . . . . . . . . . 15-28

Georgia- Colonial Period, R evolutionary

War, The War of 18 12, Mexi can War,

Civil War, Spanish-American War, 15;

Growth of, 1G; Per Capita Wealth, Hi;

Railroad Transportat!on. lU; \Vater TranE-

portation, 16, 17; Drainage Sys ~em, 17 ;

Extent and Topography, 17-18; Climate

Belts, 18, 19.

Georgia Medical College . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Georgia Military and Agricultural College . 49

Georgia Normal S{!hool for B oth Sexes . . . 4!)

Gilmer County .

. 35, 37, 7/:l

Glascock County

. . . . 53, 78

Glynn County . .

. . . . 61, 78

Gn ei ss . . . . .

. 37, 45, 47, 51

Gold ( see a lso North Georg:a 32-4-!) . 21, 23, 2!J

Good Country Roads .

. . . 2G

Gordon County .

. 3::i, 78

Gordon Institu te

. 53

Gordon , John B.

... 15

Grady, Henry . .

. .. 15

Granite (see Middle Georgia, 41-60; North

Georgia. 29-41) . . . . . . 21, 37, 45, 47, 51

Grantville .

. . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Grapes (see reports of cou nties ) . . . . . 1U

Graphite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21, 23, 29

Grasses (.see a lphabetical list of counties) 68-99

Grassy Mountain .

. . .. 17

Greene_County .

. 51, 78, 80

Greensboro .

. 51

Griffin . . .

. . . . 53

Grist Mills .

. . . . 25

Groundpeas (or peanuts) (see also list of

counties) . . . . ....

.. . 20

Growth in Population . .

. . 15, lf:i

Gwinnett. Button ..

.... 15

Gwinnett County . .

. 41, 45, 80

H

Habersham County Hall County ... Hall. Lyman .. Hancock County Hapeville . . . . Haralson County

. . . . . . . . . 37-39. 80 . . . . . . . . 37, 39, 8(1
. .. 15 . . . 53, 80 . . . . . 45 . 41, 47, 80

'

INDEX

PAGE.

Harmony Grove ..

. . . 4V

Harris Co unty

. 58, 80, i:;:L

Hart County .. .

. 37, 30, 8:L

Hartwell . . . . .

31:1

Harvesting R ye ..

. . . 30

Har vesti:Jg Wheat

. . . 24

Hawkinsville ...

. 59, (jl

Hay (see reports of counties)

. . . JU

Heard County . . . .

. 47. 82

Henry County ..... . .. .

. 47, 82

Herd of JerEeys . . . . . . . .

. . . 2-!

Hiawassee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

H iawassee Baptist College . . . . . . . . . 37

Highest Elevations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

High Falls o ~ th e T owali ga, Monro e Coun-

ty. Ga. . . . . .

. 57

I-I g h Hhoals . . . .

. 4!1

Hill, Benjam:n H.

. 15

Hogs . . . . . . .

. 1!1

Horses . . . . . .

. 20

Houston County . .

. Ul . 1-;:L

Hydraulic Ceme::J t .

. . . 20

Hydraulic Mining at th e Singleton Mi ne in

Lumpk in County . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3U

Icing F ruit Cars . ..

. G6

Indian Spring

. 53

Irish Potatoes (see also li st of coun ties) JU

[ron (see a lso li st of counties)

. . . . . . . . 21. 23, 29-3-!, 37, :m. 45. -!7

Iron Ore Mine nea r Cartersville, Ga. . . . . 4G

Irwin Co unty . . .

. G3. 82

PAGE.

Kennesaw Marble Dressiag Works, near Ma-

rietta, Cobb Cou nty, Ga. .

. . . 4-!

Kennesaw Mountain .

. . . . . . 15, 18

L

LaGrange . . . . . . . .

. 47

Lanier, Sidney . . . . . . . . . . .

. 15

Last Confederate Cabi net Mee ting

. 51

Laurens County . .

59, 61, 84

Lavonia . . . .. .

31:1

Lawren cev ille .. .

. 45

Lay's Ferry . . .

. 35

Lead . . .

. 39

Lee Cou nty . . .

. i:;4

Lemons . . . . .

. HJ

Lewiston W hite Clay Bed, Jones County G:L

Liberty County

. . . . . Gl, 8-!

Limestone . . .

. . . . . 21, 23, 20

Lincoln County

. . . 51, 53, 84, 8U

Lindale . . . . .

. 31

Lithonia . . . .

. -!5

Little Tennessee Valley . .

. UJ

Lon g3tr eet, J ame 3 .

. 15

Lookout Mountai :J

. 17, 18

Lookout Valley . .

. 29

Lost Mountain ..

.. . 18

Louisville . . . . .

. . . 59

Lowndes Co un t y .

. fi5. 8(i

'Lowell of the South"

. 51

Lucy Cobb Ins titute . .

.. . 40

Lumber Industry

. . . 25

Lum pki n Cou nty

. 37, 39, 8G

Lumpkin (town)

. 63

Lyerly ...

. . . . . 33

J

M

J acl,son . Andrew . J ackson County .. .Jackso n . Jam es Jackson (town) .. J asper Co u nty .. . Jefferson County .. Jesup ...... . John son Co un ty . . . . Johnson GTass Jonesboro ... .Tones County . . . .

. . . . . 15 . 4 1. -dO. 82 ... .. 15 . . . 49, 5B . 4fl. 82. 8-! . 40. 59, 84
. . . Gl . 5V. 84 . . . lU .. .15 . -!l. 8-~

K

Kaol in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

McDuffie County . Mcintosh Coun ty . Mcintosh. James . M c into ~:rh . Lach lan McLemore's Cove . . McRa e . . . Macon City .. Ma con Coun ty Madison (city) \iatlison County . . Magnesia (see Powder Spring) Magnetite ... Ma il Facilities . Manganese .. . Manufactures .. .

. 51, 53, !:16 . 61, 86 . 15 . 15 . 2V . 61 . 43, 53
. 01, G3, 86 . . . . . 40 . 41. 49. Sli
. 3-~ . . . . . 37 .. .. . 2fl . 21, 29, 37 . . . . . 25

INDEX

PAGE.

Marble . . . . . . . . . . 21, 25, 20, 31, 35, 37

Marble Quarry in Pickens County, Ga. . . 40

Market Garden

. . . . . 57

Marietta . ..

. . . . . 31

Marion County

. 21, 6G, 88

Marls ....

. 23

Marshall ville. .

. Ga

Menlo ...

. 33

Me!ce r Un iversity . .

. 53

Me riweth er Coun ty . . .

. 47, 88

Mica . . . . . . .

. 23, 37, 47

Middle Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41-57

Mil ledgeville . . .

. . . 4\J

Mill e r County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G:i, SS

Co r und u m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :37

Milto n Co unty . . . . . . . . . . 41. 45, 47. Q8

Mineral Map . . . . . . . . Opposite page 72

Minera l Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . 23. 47

Minerals (see also mineral p roducts of each

co unty in a lphabetical li st of counties)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . U8-IJ9, 21, ~3

Mining in Gemgia . . . . . . . . . . . 21, 23

Mining Iron Ore by use of S team Shovel,

near Cedartown, Polk County, Ga. . . . 38

Miscellaneous Vegetables

... liJ

Mitchell Co u nty . . . . .

. 65, 88

Mo na Peak . . . . . . .

. . . 17

Monoliths of Georgia Marble .

. . . 21)

Monroe County . . . . . . .

. 53, 88

Monroe F emale College ..

.. .G3

Mon roe (town) . . ..

.. . 4!)

Moritgommy County ..

. Gl. 88

Montezuma ..

. G3

Mon ticello .. .

. . . 41)

Moonstones .. .

. . . 23

Morga!l County .

. 49, 88, !)0

Morganton .. .

. .. 37

Moultrie . . .

. 50, G5

Mount de Sales Academy

.. . 53

Mul es . . . . .. .

. . . 20

Mu r ray_ County ..

. 35. uo

Mu-cogee County .

. 41, 53, 55. IJO

N

Nacoochee Valley . .

. . . . . . . . 19, 42

Nan tahela Mountain

. . . . .

. 17

Natural Dam on Big Potato Creek, Upson

County, Ga.. .

. 52

New Hope Church .

. 15, 35

Newnan ... .. . .

. .. 47

Newton County . .

. 49, uo

Normal and Industrial School for Young

Ladies . . . . ...

. . . . 49

PAGE.

North Augusta . . . .

. .. 53

North Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . !W-41

North Georgia Baptist College . . . . . . . 37

0

Oakland City . . . . .

. 45

Oat F ield . ... .. .

. 32

Oats (see different counties)

.w

Ochlockonee Basin

. 17

Ochre . . . . . . . .. . . .

. 29, 37

Oconee County . .

. 49, 90

Ocean Steamship Company' s Wharf,

Savannah ..

98

Oconee Springs . . . .

. 52

Ogeechee Basin .. Oglethorpe County

. 17
. 51, uo

Oglethorpe (town)

. . . Ga

Okefinokee Swamp

. 17, 21

Onion Field . . . .

. 8!)

Oostenaula Valley . .

. 35

Oranges . .. ... . .

.HI

Or chard Grass . . .

. 19

Orphan Home of North Georgia Conference 45

Oxford . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . 49

p

Paulding County . . . . . . . . . 35, 00, tl2

Peach Crop (see r eports of counties) 19, 20, 57 Peachtrees . . . . . . . . . . W, 20, 32, 57, 61

Peachtree Creek . . . . . . . . . .

. .15

Peanu ts (see reports of counties). . . . . 20

Pears (see reports of counties) .

. 1!}

Peavines (see reports of counties) . . . . 55

Peavine Valley . . . . . P ecans .. . Penfield .. .

. 29 . 20, 31, 53, 65
. 51

Pepperton . . . Perry ... Phosphates . . . Pickens County . . . Pickett's Mill . .

. 53 . 61 . 23 . 35, 37, 92 . 35

Picking Pears . .

. .. 81

Picking Tomatoes

.. . 77

Pierce County . .

. 61, 92

Pierce, Ge orge F . . . .

.. .15

Pike County ..

. 53, 92

Pine Hill Belt . . . .

. 21

Pine Mountain . .

. 18

Pine Mountains . . . . . .

. 55

Pi ne-Long-leaf (see reports of counties) .. 21

Pitch . . . . . . .. . .. .

. 25

Placer Mining on Coosa Creek , near Blairs-

.-ille. Union County, Ga. . .

. . . . 34

'

INDEX

PAGE.

Plumbago ...... .

. 37, 53

Political Divisions

. .. 28

Polk County . . . . .

. 33, U:.:!

Pomegranates

. 57

Population of Georgia

. 28

Population of Towns in Georgia .

.28

Porcelain . . . . . ....... .

. ~a

Potatoes (see also list of counties and their

products) . .. .

. . . lU

Pottery Clay . . .

. . . 59

Poultry . . . .

. 20, 21

Powder Spring . . .

. . . 31

Price of Lands in Georgia (see also list of

counties) . .

. .. 67

Pulaski County . . .

. 64, 92

Putnam County . .

. 49, 92

Pyrite . . . . . . . .

. 23, 47

Q

Quartz . . . . . Quartzites ... Qui tman County Quitman (town)

. 45, 51 . . . .21 . 63, U4 . . . . . . . . . . 59, 65

R

Rabun, Bald Mountain H.abun County .

.. ... 17
. :n, 39, U4

Rainfall .

. . . . . 18

Rain Map . . . . . . .. . Opposite page 80

Railroads . . . . .

. 16, 26, 27

Randolph County . . . ..

. 63, 9-!

R ed Top . . . . . .. . .

. 19

R ein hardt Normal College

. 37

R. E . Lee Institute .

. 5fi

Religion .. .

0 27

R esaca . . .

. 15, 35

Resin or Rosin

. .. 25

Rice . . . . . .

. 18, 57

Richland .. .

. . . 63

Richmond County

. 51, U4

Ringgold ... .

. 15, 33, 35

Roads . . .

. .. 27

Rockdale County

. 47, U4

Rockmart ....

. . . 36

Rocky Face Ridge

. . . 17

Rome .. .

. 17, 31

Roswell .. . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . .31

Royston .. . . . . . . .

. 39

Rubies . . . . ..... .

. 23

Rye (see list of counties)

. 19

s

PAGE.

Saint Simon's Island . .

. .. 57

Saint Simon's Sound . .

. . . 57

Sand a nd Pine Hills Belt . . . . .. . . . . . 21

Sandersville .

. . . 5U

Sandstones

. 21, 29

Sapphires .

. . . 23

Satilla and St. Mary's Basin

... 17

Savannah .

. 15, 57, 59, 65

Savannah Ba,3in . . .

. 17

Schists . . . . ..

. . . . . 21

Schley County . . . .

. . U4

Screven County . . .

. 61, 94, 95

Sea Isla nd Cotton : .

.Hi

Serpentine . . . . . .

. 37

Seville . . .

., 61

Sewer Pipes . . .

. 23

Shales . . . . ..

. 21

Sheep . . . . ..

. 20, ' 2!)

Sheep Ranges . . . ...

. 57

Shell Bluff ...

. 5U

Shipping Melons

. 93

Shorter College .

. 31

Silk ..

. 27

Siloam .. .

. 51

Silver . .. .

. 3!)

Sitting Bull ..

. 11

Slate . . . .

. 21, 39

Slate Quarry .

. . . 33

Social CiTcle .

. . . 4U

South Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 57

South Georg ia College . .

. . . 65

Spalding County . . .

. 53, 95

Spanish American War .

. 15

Sparta . . . . . . . .

. . 53

Spring Place . . . . . .

.. 35

State Capitol, Atlanta, Ga..

. .. 2

State Govemment . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 28

State House Officers

. 9

State Sanitarium . . . .

.. . 49

Stephens, Alexander . .

. . . 15

Stevens, 0 . B . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3, 13

Stevens' PotteTy .

. . . 4U

Stewart County

. 63, U5

Stock Raising . .

. 20, 21

Stone Mountain .

. . 45

Sugar Cane ....

. 19, 55, 57

Sugar Cane Field . . . . . .

. 6-!

Sulphur Water . . . . . . .

. . 34

Summerville, Chattooga County

. . 33

Summerville, H.ichmond County . . . . 51, 53

Superior Court-Circuits, J udges and Solic-

itors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

. I

---- I - . --

INDEX-

PAGE.

u

.Sumter County . . . . .

. . . . . . 63, 95

Supreme Court~ustices

. . . . . . 9, 28

.Suwannee Basin . . . .

. . . . . . . . 17

Sweet Potatoes (see reports of counties) . 1U

.Swine . . .

. . . . . . 20, 29

Union County UniversitY. of Georgia Upson County . . .
v

PAGE. 37, 30, 97 ;- . -:- - 4U . . 41, 51, 55, U7

T

Talbot County

. 41, 55, 95

Talbot,ton . .

. . .55

Talc ...

. . 21, 37

Taliaferro County ..

. . 53, U5

Tallapoosa (town)

. .. 47

Tallulah Falls . .

. 37, 3!)

Tallulah Mountain

... 17

Tate . . .. . . . .

. . . 37

Tattnall Conn ty . ."

. 61, 95

Tax Rate . . .

. . . 25

Taylor County

. 65, U5

Taylor's Ridge

. 18, 33

Telfair County

. 61, !.lG

'Temperat ure of Georgia

. . . . . . 16-lD

Tennessee Ba.3in . . . .

. 17

T ennille .

. . .... .

. . . 50

Terra Cotta . .

. . . 2a

Terrell County ..

. 63, 9G

Ter rell, Joseph M.

. .. 9

Texas Valley ...

... 18

Thomas County ..

. 65, 96

Thomaston . ..

. 51, 55

Thomasville .

. 59, 65

Thomso n . . . ._

. 51

Tifton . . . . . . .

. 63

T imot!Jy Grass

.lD

'Title Page . . . . .

. 3

Tobacco . . . . ..

. 57

Tobacco Field ..

. 67

Toc<:oa . . . . . .

. 4'~

Toombs. Robert ..

. 15, 51

Topography of Georgia . .

. 17, 18

T owns of Georgia, with Population .. .. 28

Town s Cou n ty . . . . . . . . . . . . 37, 30, OG

Transportation Facilities .. .

. 11

Tray i\lountain . .

. . 17

Trion . . . . .

. . 33

Troup County : .

. 50, !)()

'l'!'n ~k li'!lnn,:; - ._ _.__.......-- -- . . - - . 57

'Turkeys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

'Turpenti ne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Twiggs County .

. 53, 59, UU

'Twiggs, John . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Valdota . . . . . . .

. . . . . . 50, 65

Vann's Valley . .

. . . . .

. 18

Vegetables (see reports of counties) ... lV

Vienna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 63

View on Augusta Canal-Large Cotton Mill

and Confederate Obeli-sk

. 55

Villa Rica . . .

. 50

Vina Vista ..

. 47

Vineville . . .

. 53

Vineyards ...

. 47, 55

w

Wagon Roads ..

. .. 26

Waleska ...

... 37

Walker County ..

. 2!), 07

Walker, W. H. T.

. 15

Walnuts, Black . .

. . . 1U

Walnuts, English . . .

. .. lU

Walton County . . . .

-!9. <)7

Walton, George . .

. 15

Ware County ...

. 61, U7

Warren County ..

. 53, 97

Warrenton . ..

.. . 53

Washington County . .

. 59, 97, 98

Washington (town) ..

.. . .. 51

Watermelons . . . . .. ,

. 20

Water Powers . . . . . .

. 25, 51, 55

'\Vater Transportation ..

... 16, 17

Waycross ...... . .

. 57, 59, 61

Wayne County . . . . .

. Gl , Otl

Wayne3boro . . . . . . . . . .

. . . 5U

Wealth per Capita . . . ..

1G

Webster County . . .. .. Wesleyan Female College ..

.. . 68, 0..8
;)i)

West Point . . . . .....

. .. .47

Wheat (see the different counties) .. . .. 55

Wheeler. Joseph . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 15

White County . . . . .

. 37, 39, !)8

White Oa k Mountains . . . . . . . . . . 18

White Plains . .

. .. 51

\\'llitf:el rl County . . . . . . . .

. 31, US

Wilcox County . . . . . . . . . .

. 61, US

Wilkes County . . . . . . . . . . . . 51, 1)8, !)!)

W-ilkinson County . .

. 50, UU

Wineries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

1

PAGE;

Witch's Head at Tallulah Fans, County, Ga. . . . . . .
Woolen Mills .--; . . . . . . Worth County . : , . . . . Wright, Robert F.. . W~ightsville . . Yellow Loam Region . Yona Mountain .... Young Female College . . Young Harris . . . . ... . Young Harris College . . .

Rabun . 50 25
. 63, 65, 99
. 3, 7
. 59 . 21 . 1'j . 65 . 37 . 37

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

A Field of Broom Corn . . . . . . . . . . 60

Agricultural J.\Iap . . . . . . opposite page H.i

Artesian well at Albany, Ga. . . . . . . 83

A Tobacco. Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Cane Creek ~'ails, near Dahlonega, Lump-

kin County, Ga. . . . . . . . .

. 41::i

Chicken Houses and Runs . . . .

. 71

Corundum Mine, Rabun County .. .

. 42

Cotton Field . . _ . .

. 58

Derry, J. T...

. 3, 5

Digging Potatoes . .

.. 83

Field of Cor1, . .

.. 91

Fore5t.ry Map . . . . . . . . ()pp()sit~ page 88

Gathering Beans . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Geological Map . . . . . . . opposite page 96

Harvesting Rye .

. 30

Harvesting Wheat

. ~t

Herd of J erseys . .

.

. 24

PAGE.

High Falls of the Towaliga, Monroe Coun-

ty, Ga. . .

. . . . . . .. . . . . . . , ..),

Houses an_d Huns for Berkshire Hogs . . . . ~~

Hydraulic Mining at the Singleton Mine Iu

Lumpkin County . . . . . . . . .

. 3li

Icing Fruit Car-s . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 6!!-

Iron Ore Mine near Cartersville, Ga. . ~ . 4~

Kennesaw Marble Dressing Works, near Ma-

rietta, Cobb County, Ga. . . . ,. . . . . 47

Lewiston White Clay Bed, Jones County, Ga. 62 Marble Quarry in. Pickens County, Ga. . . . 40 Mineral Map . . . . . . . . . opposite page ~ Mining Iron Ore by Use of Steam Shovel,
near Cedartown, Polk County, Ga. . . . 31:>

Natural Dam on Big Potato Creek, Upson

County, Ga.

. 52

Oat Field . . .

. 3a

Onion Field .

. SD-

Picking Pears

. 81

Picking Tomatoes . .

. 77

Plac~r Mining on Coosa Creek, near Blairs-

ville, Union County, _Ga. . . .

. 3-!-

Scene in Peach Orchard .. . . ._ . . . . . . 87

Shipping Melons . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.

Rain 1\Iap . . . . . . . . . . opposite page 80

State Capitol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:

Stevens, 0. B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3, 11

Sugar Cane Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-!

Terrell, Jos. M. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . !}

View on Augusta Canal-Large Cotton Mill

and Confederate Obelisk . . . . . . . . . 55 .

Witch's Head at Tallulah Falls, Rabun

County, Ga.

. . !iO

Wright, R. F .

... 3, 1

J

~

\

\
.

'

t~~'I---.l

i' ;
( -.