Overview of HOPE Scholarship Recipients in the University System of Georgia
Introduction For the past decade, the state of Georgia has been making headlines with the inception of the most generous merit-based student aid program in the nation, the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship Program. The HOPE Scholarship is funded entirely by proceeds from the Georgia Lottery Corporation.1 Having attended college on the G.I. Bill, thenGovernor Zell Miller wanted to institute an incentive program within the state of Georgia that would expand access to postsecondary education and encourage students to attend in-state institutions. Clearly, the number of Georgia residents benefiting from the HOPE Scholarship speaks to the success of the program. From September 1993 through August 2003, $1,183,468,377 in merit-based aid was awarded to 324,921 University System of Georgia (USG) students, with funding exclusively from the Georgia Lottery.2
The Georgia Lottery posted $2.6 billion in sales over the last twelve months, translating into a six percent increase from the previous year. This revenue stream equates to $750 million from lottery sales allocated to support educational programs in the state of Georgia.3 Despite these robust figures, it is projected that lottery revenues will one day be inadequate to fund the HOPE Scholarship Program. Based on current estimates by Georgia's Office of Planning and Budget, reserve accounts contain $203 million, but the state would need $972 million to fund the lotterysupported educational programs by 2007.4
Presently, a twenty-member Commission, comprised of lawmakers, state officials, parents, students, and educators, is convening to ensure HOPE's future funding.5 The Commission, cochaired by Senate Higher Education Chairman Bill Hamrick (R-Douglasville) and House Higher Education Chairwoman Louise McBee (D-Athens), plans to meet monthly through November
1 The Georgia Lottery Corporation is legally required to allocate 35 percent of its lottery revenues to education and 51 percent of its revenues to players in winnings. The remaining 14 percent is split between retailers and operating expenses. 2 Source: Georgia Student Finance Commission (GSFC). Retrieved August 18, 2003 from http://www.gsfc.org/Hope/dsp_hopefaq.cfm. 3 Georgia Code (O.C.G.A. 50-27) specifies that lottery receipts be used for "educational purposes and programs" only, defined as postsecondary tuition scholarships and grants; construction of educational facilities; technology of educational facilities; and prekindergarten for four-year-olds. 4" HOPE faces money crunch." (2003, July 31). The Atlanta Journal-Constitution [Electronic version]. Retrieved from http://www.ajc.com/metro/content/metro/0703/31hope.html 5 The HOPE Program includes various programs. The HOPE Scholarship covers tuition, mandatory fees and a book allowance for all Georgia resident students graduating high school with a 3.0 GPA. Students must maintain a 3.0 GPA at various checkpoints in order to remain eligible for the scholarship. The HOPE Grant program provides tuition, fees and a book allowance for students pursuing certificate programs at institutions of the Department of Technical and Adult Education, the University System of Georgia, and private colleges. The HOPE GED program provides a one-time $500 grant to recent GED recipients toward their first year of postsecondary study. The PROMISE Teacher Scholarship and Georgia HOPE Teacher Scholarship provide service-cancelable loans to undergraduate and graduate students pursuing teacher education degrees. The PROMISE II Teacher Scholarship is a service-cancelable loan designed to assist teacher aids and paraprofessionals in pursuing the baccalaureate degree in education.
December 2003 Page 1 of 13
2003. While the Commission's recommendations will not be presented until the General Assembly members meet collectively in January 2004, some lawmakers have already offered suggestions to curtail HOPE Scholarship expenditures such as adopting more rigorous academic eligibility standards, reducing/eliminating monetary awards for student books and fees, and/or re-instituting income caps for eligibility.6
Any changes to the HOPE Scholarship Program will be of great interest to the USG, especially at a time when many institutions are experiencing burgeoning enrollments. As such, the System Office of Strategic Research and Analysis is preparing a series of reports describing the HOPE Scholarship Program as it relates to USG students.7
System-Wide Trends of First-Time Freshmen Since the inception of HOPE, both the number and proportion of first-time freshmen receiving HOPE has increased. In Fall 2001, 78.8 percent of first-time freshmen received HOPE in their first term. The proportion of USG freshmen receiving the HOPE Scholarship has varied to some extent since 1996.8 However, the longitudinal trend has been similar across institutional sectors (see Figure 1). With the exception of research universities, all institutional sectors experienced a slight decline in the number of HOPE Scholars for the Class of 2000. This decline is attributable to Georgia Student Finance Commission's adoption of a standard core of courses included in grade point average calculations.9 System-wide, there were approximately 4,000 more first-time freshmen HOPE Scholars in Fall 2001 than in Fall 1996, reflecting a 23 percent increase10 (see Appendix).
6 In 1993, the HOPE Scholarship Program had a family income cap of $66,000. The cap was raised to $100,000 in 1994. By 1995, all income caps were removed. 7 USG HOPE Scholarship reports focus on the HOPE-eligible population. An eligible student is one who, based on SIRS (Student Information Reporting System) data, graduated from a Georgia High School in 1993 or later or someone who, according to GSFC data, received the HOPE Scholarship in their first semester at a USG institution. 8 The first two years of the HOPE Scholarship program contained income caps, limiting student participation. Consequently, we have chosen to cover Fall 1996 to Fall 2001 in this report, thus controlling the effects of the early broadening of the HOPE program. 9 High school grade point average calculations to determine HOPE Scholarship eligibility are currently limited to the 16 core curriculum courses in the following subject areas: English, math, social studies, foreign language and science. 10 There is a one-year time lag in officially identifying all HOPE Scholars due to retroactive award policies and year-end budget closures.
December 2003 Page 2 of 13
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
Fall 1996
Figure 1
HOPE Scholars
USG First-Time Freshmen by Institutional Sector and System Average
System Average
Research Universities Regional Universities
State Universities
State Colleges Two-Year Colleges
Fall 1997
Fall 1998
Fall 1999
Fall 2000
Fall 2001
December 2003 Page 3 of 13
HOPE Scholarship Status by Institutional Sector In Fall 2001, 63,425 USG undergraduates had the HOPE Scholarship, representing 54 percent of the HOPE-eligible population (see Figure 2). Variation by institutional sector is observed in the proportion of HOPE scholars within the HOPE-eligible population. At research universities, approximately 70 percent of the HOPE-eligible population receives the scholarship, as compared to 40 percent at state and two-year colleges. HOPE scholars represent about one half of the HOPE-eligible population in both the regional and state university sectors.
Figure 2
HOPE Scholarship Status by Institutional Sector
USG HOPE-Eligible Undergraduates, Fall 2001
Research Universities Regional Universities
State Universities State Colleges
Two-Year Colleges System Total 0%
24,724 69%
10,942 31%
8,538 53%
7,653 47%
18,468 51%
18,078 49%
1,899 43%
2,552 57%
9,796 40%
14,807 60%
63,425 54%
20%
40%
60%
HOPE No HOPE
54,032 46%
80%
100%
December 2003 Page 4 of 13
Over 24,000 of HOPE scholars attending USG institutions are enrolled at research universities, representing 40 percent of the population (see Figure 3). An additional 18,468 scholarship recipients attend state universities. Thus, approximately 70 percent of all HOPE scholars within the USG are enrolled in either research or state universities.
Figure 3
HOPE Scholars by Institutional Sector
USG Undergraduates, Fall 2001
Research Universities
40% 24,724
Two-Year Colleges 15% 9,796
State Colleges
3% 1,899
Regional Universities
13% 8,538
State Universities 29%
18,468
December 2003 Page 5 of 13
HOPE Scholarship Status by Student Level Figure 4 illustrates that the proportion of HOPE scholars within the HOPE-eligible population varies by student level. In Fall 2001, the majority (64 percent) of the HOPE-eligible freshman population held the scholarship. In contrast, the majority (56 percent) of the HOPE-eligible senior population did not have the scholarship.
Figure 4
HOPE Scholarship Status by Student Level
USG HOPE-Eligible Undergraduates, Fall 2001
Freshman
34,724 64%
19,385 36%
Sophomore
12,356 43%
16,573 57%
Junior
9,238 51%
8,992 49%
Senior 0%
10%
7,107 44%
20% 30%
40% 50% 60% HOPE No HOPE
9,082 56%
70% 80%
90% 100%
December 2003 Page 6 of 13
Freshmen also account for the greatest proportion of all HOPE scholars by student level. In Fall 2001, 55 percent (34,724) of all HOPE scholars were freshmen, as compared to 11 percent (7,107) at the senior level (see Figure 5).
Figure 5
HOPE Scholars by Student Level
USG Undergraduates, Fall 2001
Junior 15% 9,238
Senior 11% 7,107
Freshmen 55%
34,724
Sophomore 19%
12,356
Conclusions Proposed changes to the HOPE Scholarship Program could be enacted by the next legislative session, impacting well over 60,000 USG students. The Office of Strategic Research and Analysis will continue to examine how these policy changes could affect the various subpopulations of HOPE Scholars through a series of reports.
For more information, write or email: Dr. Anoush Pisani
Senior Research Associate Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia
270 Washington St., SW Atlanta, Georgia 30334 Anoush.Pisani@usg.edu
December 2003 Page 7 of 13
Appendix Tables Fall 1996 through Fall 2001
University System of Georgia First-Time Freshmen with the HOPE Scholarship
Fall 1996
Institution Name
Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia State University University of Georgia
* Research Universities
Georgia Southern University Valdosta State University
* Regional Universities
Albany State University Armstrong Atlantic State University Augusta State University Clayton College & State University Columbus State University Fort Valley State University Georgia College & State University Georgia Southwestern State University Kennesaw State University North Georgia College & State University Savannah State University Southern Polytechnic State University State University of West Georgia
* State Universities
Dalton State College Macon State College
* State Colleges
Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College Atlanta Metropolitan College Bainbridge College Coastal Georgia Community College Darton College East Georgia College Floyd College Gainesville College Georgia Perimeter College Gordon College Middle Georgia College South Georgia College Waycross College
* Two-Year Colleges
All First-Time Freshmen
1,943 1,685 3,587
7,215
3,055 1,797
4,852
489 1,067
817 1,035
700 612 700 319 1,226 552 466 375 1,241
9,599
630 919
1,549
724 307 214 386 525 215 866 457 2,605 655 637 271 238 8,100
First-Time Freshmen from Georgia High Schools**
Total Freshmen
# with HOPE
% with HOPE
1,224
1,189
97.1
1,528
1,351
88.4
3,186
3,103
97.4
5,938
5,643
95.0
2,754
2,204
80.0
1,576
1,178
74.7
4,330
3,382
78.1
397
182
45.8
606
360
59.4
643
436
67.8
429
284
66.2
509
390
76.6
482
234
48.5
660
558
84.5
267
177
66.3
992
786
79.2
507
446
88.0
312
121
38.8
332
289
87.0
1,111
951
85.6
7,247
5,214
71.9
486
313
64.4
490
205
41.8
976
518
53.1
565
323
57.2
163
32
19.6
145
80
55.2
229
104
45.4
376
196
52.1
151
84
55.6
553
229
41.4
359
257
71.6
1,366
507
37.1
558
302
54.1
566
306
54.1
228
156
68.4
158
102
64.6
5,417
2,678
49.4
** System Totals
31,315
23,908
17,435
72.9
SRPT701 1/24/2003 ** "First-time Freshmen from Georgia High Schools" are the subset of freshmen who have a graduation date from a Georgia high school of 1993 or later. These students are considered eligible for HOPE, but in order to receive HOPE. they must meet academic requirements (a 3.0 in core high school courses). This column also includes any additional first-time freshmen receiving HOPE according to GSFC records but who did not appear to SIRS as Georgia high school graduates. This report includes only those students who received the HOPE Scholarship; it does not count HOPE Grant recipients as scholarship recipients.
December 2003 Page 8 of 13
University System of Georgia First-Time Freshmen with the HOPE Scholarship
Fall 1997
Institution Name
Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia State University University of Georgia
All First-Time Freshmen
1,797 2,023 4,226
First-Time Freshmen from Georgia High Schools**
Total Freshmen
# with HOPE
% with HOPE
1,175
1,143
97.3
1,872
1,515
80.9
3,740
3,356
89.7
* Research Universities
Georgia Southern University Valdosta State University
* Regional Universities
8,046
2,490 1,590
4,080
6,787
6,014
88.6
2,249
1,810
80.5
1,429
1,068
74.7
3,678
2,878
78.2
Albany State University Armstrong Atlantic State University Augusta State University Clayton College & State University Columbus State University Fort Valley State University Georgia College & State University Georgia Southwestern State University Kennesaw State University North Georgia College & State University Savannah State University Southern Polytechnic State University State University of West Georgia
552 876 807 528 664 487 818 499 1,236 565 447 400 1,221
495
293
59.2
582
387
66.5
646
367
56.8
391
242
61.9
536
420
78.4
420
221
52.6
739
579
78.3
325
197
60.6
965
741
76.8
506
416
82.2
325
120
36.9
357
294
82.4
1,098
858
78.1
* State Universities
9,100
7,385
5,135
69.5
Dalton State College Macon State College
537
457
340
74.4
657
433
211
48.7
* State Colleges
1,194
890
551
61.9
Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College Atlanta Metropolitan College Bainbridge College Coastal Georgia Community College Darton College East Georgia College Floyd College Gainesville College Georgia Perimeter College Gordon College Middle Georgia College South Georgia College Waycross College
844 316 148 250 543 260 602 714 1,890 904 688 284 199
657
345
52.5
175
33
18.9
117
72
61.5
176
86
48.9
385
226
58.7
208
73
35.1
473
232
49.0
612
434
70.9
1,247
500
40.1
728
410
56.3
572
307
53.7
231
139
60.2
158
95
60.1
* Two-Year Colleges
7,642
5,739
2,952
51.4
** System Totals
30,062
24,479
17,530
71.6
SRPT701 1/24/2003 ** "First-time Freshmen from Georgia High Schools" are the subset of freshmen who have a graduation date from a Georgia high school of 1993 or later. These students are considered eligible for HOPE, but in order to receive HOPE. they must meet academic requirements (a 3.0 in core high school courses). This column also includes any additional first-time freshmen receiving HOPE according to GSFC records but who did not appear to SIRS as Georgia high school graduates. This report includes only those students who received the HOPE Scholarship; it does not count HOPE Grant recipients as scholarship recipients.
December 2003 Page 9 of 13
University System of Georgia First-Time Freshmen with the HOPE Scholarship
Fall 1998
Institution Name
Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia State University University of Georgia
All First-Time Freshmen
2,182 1,592 4,289
First-Time Freshmen from Georgia High Schools**
Total Freshmen
# with HOPE
% with HOPE
1,367
1,337
97.8
1,494
1,365
91.4
3,814
3,746
98.2
* Research Universities
Georgia Southern University Valdosta State University
* Regional Universities
8,063
2,842 1,310
4,152
6,675
6,448
96.6
2,623
2,226
84.9
1,180
1,054
89.3
3,803
3,280
86.2
Albany State University Armstrong Atlantic State University Augusta State University Clayton College & State University Columbus State University Fort Valley State University Georgia College & State University Georgia Southwestern State University Kennesaw State University North Georgia College & State University Savannah State University Southern Polytechnic State University State University of West Georgia
465 652 846 580 797 444 760 363 1,182 600 347 393 1,693
416
292
70.2
487
365
74.9
668
497
74.4
442
341
77.1
661
420
63.5
380
206
54.2
708
628
88.7
299
258
86.3
1,017
849
83.5
563
521
92.5
235
142
60.4
375
329
87.7
1,591
1,367
85.9
* State Universities
9,122
7,842
6,215
79.3
Dalton State College Macon State College
760
568
395
69.5
547
372
228
61.3
* State Colleges
1,307
940
623
66.3
Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College Atlanta Metropolitan College Bainbridge College Coastal Georgia Community College Darton College East Georgia College Floyd College Gainesville College Georgia Perimeter College Gordon College Middle Georgia College South Georgia College Waycross College
781 300 246 209 591 338 493 702 1,933 808 590 344 166
624
402
64.4
161
29
18.0
160
96
60.0
143
90
62.9
436
257
58.9
290
143
49.3
389
240
61.7
621
427
68.8
1,390
725
52.2
693
443
63.9
475
324
68.2
268
157
58.6
128
100
78.1
* Two-Year Colleges
7,501
5,778
3,433
59.4
** System Totals
30,145
25,038
19,999
79.9
SRPT701 1/24/2003 ** "First-time Freshmen from Georgia High Schools" are the subset of freshmen who have a graduation date from a Georgia high school of 1993 or later. These students are considered eligible for HOPE, but in order to receive HOPE. they must meet academic requirements (a 3.0 in core high school courses). This column also includes any additional first-time freshmen receiving HOPE according to GSFC records but who did not appear to SIRS as Georgia high school graduates. This report includes only those students who received the HOPE Scholarship; it does not count HOPE Grant recipients as scholarship recipients.
December 2003 Page 10 of 13
University System of Georgia First-Time Freshmen with the HOPE Scholarship
Fall 1999
Institution Name
Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia State University University of Georgia
All First-Time Freshmen
2,323 1,848 4,253
First-Time Freshmen from Georgia High Schools**
Total Freshmen
# with HOPE
% with HOPE
1,414
1,376
97.3
1,715
1,588
92.6
3,805
3,747
98.5
* Research Universities
Georgia Southern University Valdosta State University
* Regional Universities
8,424
3,243 1,196
4,439
6,934
6,711
96.8
3,044
2,709
89.0
1,053
956
90.8
4,097
3,665
89.5
Albany State University Armstrong Atlantic State University Augusta State University Clayton College & State University Columbus State University Fort Valley State University Georgia College & State University Georgia Southwestern State University Kennesaw State University North Georgia College & State University Savannah State University Southern Polytechnic State University State University of West Georgia
678 688 832 612 727 401 726 268 1,345 655 327 380 1,636
581
448
77.1
514
413
80.4
654
502
76.8
457
355
77.7
622
522
83.9
339
196
57.8
694
653
94.1
223
206
92.4
1,138
982
86.3
609
571
93.8
212
142
67.0
341
288
84.5
1,560
1,381
88.5
* State Universities
9,275
7,944
6,659
83.8
Dalton State College Macon State College
736
559
415
74.2
597
458
289
63.1
* State Colleges
1,333
1,017
704
69.2
Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College Atlanta Metropolitan College Bainbridge College Coastal Georgia Community College Darton College East Georgia College Floyd College Gainesville College Georgia Perimeter College Gordon College Middle Georgia College South Georgia College Waycross College
821 324 299 205 585 409 517 736 2,140 970 698 358 175
664
441
66.4
153
35
22.9
192
108
56.3
138
84
60.9
443
266
60.0
338
159
47.0
397
257
64.7
652
475
72.9
1,546
784
50.7
795
481
60.5
542
332
61.3
283
187
66.1
135
89
65.9
* Two-Year Colleges
8,237
6,278
3,698
58.9
** System Totals
31,708
26,270
21,437
81.6
SRPT701 1/24/2003 ** "First-time Freshmen from Georgia High Schools" are the subset of freshmen who have a graduation date from a Georgia high school of 1993 or later. These students are considered eligible for HOPE, but in order to receive HOPE. they must meet academic requirements (a 3.0 in core high school courses). This column also includes any additional first-time freshmen receiving HOPE according to GSFC records but who did not appear to SIRS as Georgia high school graduates. This report includes only those students who received the HOPE Scholarship; it does not count HOPE Grant recipients as scholarship recipients.
December 2003 Page 11 of 13
University System of Georgia First-Time Freshmen with the HOPE Scholarship
Fall 2000
Institution Name
Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia State University University of Georgia
All First-Time Freshmen
2,193 2,146 3,943
First-Time Freshmen from Georgia High Schools**
Total Freshmen
# with HOPE
% with HOPE
1,343
1,313
97.8
1,981
1,868
94.3
3,482
3,433
98.6
* Research Universities
Georgia Southern University Valdosta State University
* Regional Universities
8,282
2,829 1,299
4,128
6,806
6,614
97.2
2,643
2,219
84.0
1,194
1,033
86.5
3,837
3,252
84.8
Albany State University Armstrong Atlantic State University Augusta State University Clayton College & State University Columbus State University Fort Valley State University Georgia College & State University Georgia Southwestern State University Kennesaw State University North Georgia College & State University Savannah State University Southern Polytechnic State University State University of West Georgia
638 606 747 641 852 382 771 325 1,335 628 390 380 1,671
569
393
69.1
465
375
80.6
612
455
74.3
475
350
73.7
690
592
85.8
301
190
63.1
715
658
92.0
277
230
83.0
1,122
934
83.2
566
525
92.8
290
190
65.5
350
297
84.9
1,597
1,377
86.8
* State Universities
9,366
8,019
6,566
81.9
Dalton State College Macon State College
783
511
338
66.1
732
556
356
64.0
* State Colleges
1,515
1,067
694
65.0
Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College Atlanta Metropolitan College Bainbridge College Coastal Georgia Community College Darton College East Georgia College Floyd College Gainesville College Georgia Perimeter College Gordon College Middle Georgia College South Georgia College Waycross College
902 510 263 395 637 464 579 743 2,190 898 588 312 182
721
404
56.0
243
59
24.3
183
79
43.2
248
139
56.0
480
274
57.1
392
189
48.2
425
254
59.8
650
438
67.4
1,610
788
48.9
742
430
58.0
515
294
57.1
224
137
61.2
144
98
68.1
* Two-Year Colleges
8,663
6,577
3,583
54.5
** System Totals
31,954
26,306
20,709
78.7
SRPT701 1/24/2003 ** "First-time Freshmen from Georgia High Schools" are the subset of freshmen who have a graduation date from a Georgia high school of 1993 or later. These students are considered eligible for HOPE, but in order to receive HOPE. they must meet academic requirements (a 3.0 in core high school courses). This column also includes any additional first-time freshmen receiving HOPE according to GSFC records but who did not appear to SIRS as Georgia high school graduates. This report includes only those students who received the HOPE Scholarship; it does not count HOPE Grant recipients as scholarship recipients.
December 2003 Page 12 of 13
University System of Georgia First-Time Freshmen with the HOPE Scholarship
Fall 2001
Institution Name
Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia State University University of Georgia
All First-Time Freshmen
2,205 2,224 4,071
First-Time Freshmen from Georgia High Schools**
Total Freshmen
# with HOPE
% with HOPE
1,316
1,280
97.3
2,046
1,941
94.9
3,474
3,434
98.9
* Research Universities
Georgia Southern University Valdosta State University
* Regional Universities
8,500
2,612 1,572
4,184
6,836
6,655
97.4
2,448
2,121
86.6
1,432
1,245
86.9
3,880
3,366
86.8
Albany State University Armstrong Atlantic State University Augusta State University Clayton College & State University Columbus State University Fort Valley State University Georgia College & State University Georgia Southwestern State University Kennesaw State University North Georgia College & State University Savannah State University Southern Polytechnic State University State University of West Georgia
417 627 832 568 875 417 858 276 1,444 665 487 393 1,568
363
274
75.5
478
409
85.6
646
471
72.9
442
339
76.7
708
588
83.1
343
208
60.6
816
737
90.3
235
208
88.5
1,233
1,024
83.1
597
528
88.4
352
227
64.5
364
308
84.6
1,490
1,317
88.4
* State Universities
9,427
8,067
6,638
82.3
Dalton State College Macon State College
858
512
345
67.4
733
557
351
63.
* State Colleges
1,591
1,069
696
65.1
Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College Atlanta Metropolitan College Bainbridge College Coastal Georgia Community College Darton College East Georgia College Floyd College Gainesville College Georgia Perimeter College Gordon College Middle Georgia College South Georgia College Waycross College
988 370 312 472 684 478 715 910 2,563 1,021 726 331 174
772
424
54.9
170
54
31.8
209
88
42.1
267
137
51.3
536
300
56.0
414
225
54.4
549
309
56.3
792
521
65.8
1,842
948
51.5
809
488
60.3
591
314
53.1
276
171
62.0
131
100
76.3
* Two-Year Colleges
9,744
7,358
4,079
55.44
** System Totals
33,446
27,210
21,434
78.8
SRPT701 1/24/2003 ** "First-time Freshmen from Georgia High Schools" are the subset of freshmen who have a graduation date from a Georgia high school of 1993 or later. These students are considered eligible for HOPE, but in order to receive HOPE. they must meet academic requirements (a 3.0 in core high school courses). This column also includes any additional first-time freshmen receiving HOPE according to GSFC records but who did not appear to SIRS as Georgia high school graduates. This report includes only those students who received the HOPE Scholarship; it does not count HOPE Grant recipients as scholarship recipients.
December 2003 Page 13 of 13