Georgia sound, Vol. 7, no. 2 (Apr. - June 2001

GeSoorguniad

By: Lea King Information & Education Officer
With the weather warming and summer just around the corner, many thoughts in the Golden Isles turn to ...the beach! Whether it is fishing, boating, swimming or just relaxing on the sand, activity on Georgia's beaches reaches an all time high during the spring and summer months.
For many years Georgia has lacked a cohesive program to monitor coastal water quality. Recently that changed as the Georgia Department of Natural Resources (DNR) Coastal Resources Division (CRD) launched a new water quality monitoring program for the state's coastal area. The program consists of water quality monitoring projects for five separate programs: Shellfish; Pfiesteria and harmful algal events; Nutrients; Coastal 2000; and Beaches. Georgia's coast stretches about 100 linear miles and includes 90 miles of beaches (19 accessible miles) and around 2,500 miles of estuarine shoreline. CRD's Water Quality Monitoring Program samples 168 sites each along these estuaries and beaches.
The Beach Monitoring Project consists of 11 monitoring sites along Georgia's beaches including Tybee (3), Sea (2), St. Simons (3), and Jekyll Islands (3). Beach water quality samples are collected weekly on a year-round basis and then analyzed for fecal coliform bacteria by Altamaha Laboratories, a privately operated testing facility in Blackshear, Georgia. CRD biologists monitor the sample readings and track the information, looking for any variances or level changes. "Monitoring is an expensive undertaking and to keep up monitoring, doing it right, is costly," said Dr. Stuart Stevens, CRD's Chief of Ecological Services. "However, we are committed to ensure data is available about our beach water quality. Beaches are important to our economy and enjoyed by many - we must make sure these waters are safe for swimming," he continued. Locations for the beach monitoring sites include:

Georgia's Beach Water Quality Monitoring Program GCMP Update

From the Director GCMP and You
CAC Meeting Set Winter CAC Roundtable Meeting
Consultants for the Coast

Algae Blooms in Ponds Swallow-tailed Kites

Fisheries
Shad Tagging Artificial Reef Program
R/V Marguerite Christened

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N

W

E

S

Pfiesteria Sample Site Nutrient Sample Site Nutrient Sample Site (ShrimpTrawl)
Nutrient/Fecal Coliform Sample Site EPA Sample Site Beach Sample Site Shoreline

53 Monthly Water Quality Fecal Coliform Bacteria

18 - (bi-monthly) 40 - (twice during summer months)
Bi-monthly (March - November)
Water Quality Nitrates,
Phosphorus, Silica Presence/Absence of Pfiesteria Organisms

89 Monthly Water Quality Nitrates, Phosphorus, Silica

11 Weekly Water Quality Fecal Coliform Bacteria

50 July - September
through 2004 Water Quality
Sediment Quality Biota - Fish and Benthos

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Program Update

Georgia

Coastal

Management

Program

As you read this issue of the Georgia Sound the staff of the Georgia Coastal Management Program (GCMP) will be completing

the grant awards for next year's funding through Coastal Incentive

Grants (CIG). These are funds we provide for local governments,

colleges, and other agencies to complete projects important to the coast.

At the same time, we will be scheduling a meeting of the Coastal

Advisory Committee to review grants awarded and evaluate the funding

theme for the next round of grants. This process is on-going while we are also developing our grant

request to NOAA for both our base grant and for the program enhancement grant. Grants, grants, grants!

At this time nearly 50 CIG grants and four federal grants are involved in the operation of the GCMP.

Funding from the federal grants exceeds $2.5 million with nearly $2 million outstanding in CIG grants.

Grants, grants, grants! Years ago, now nearly 10 years, when I thought about how the GCMP might operate, never did I envision so much money being passed through for CIG grants. This has proven to be one of the most valuable aspects of the GCMP. Projects are as diverse as the communities and issues along the coast. They range from simple inexpensive educational kiosks along nature trails to more expensive, multi-year research studies of our rivers, sounds, groundwater, etc. Many of these projects could not have been accomplished without CIG grants since they did not qualify for funding from any
other grant source. It is very gratifying to see projects completed which benefit our local communities.

Grants, grants, grants . . . the other side of the story! All of these grants take an enormous amount of time to administer. All the credit for this work goes to CRD's Jim Seymour. Jim has the important task of tracking and overseeing all requests for funding from us, to the federal agencies, and all of the CIG grants too. He even finds the time to provide advice to local governments concerning grant writing and is constantly reminding me and the rest of the GCMP staff to keep those grant deliverables coming.

Grants, grants, grants ... some good news! Congress appropriated additional federal funding for the GCMP this year. This means more grant money for CIG projects. With this additional funding and some creative actions on our part, we hope to fund ALL of the CIG requests we currently have. This is good news for those who requested money for local projects. If your community or agency did not request funds this year, consider applying for CIG grants next year.

As Chair of the Coastal States Organization, I will be working closely with members of Congress to gain reauthorization of the federal Coastal Zone Management Act and for additional funding of this important program. It is truly a partnership between the federal government, state governments, and local governments. And it works. If you have questions about your Georgia Coastal Management Program, just contact any of our staff.

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From the Director

For a host of reasons, the recent permit issued by the Coastal Marshlands Protection Committee (CMPC) to build three bridges to marsh hammocks in Chatham County, Georgia was one of the most difficult decisions the committee has ever made. This decision has become a rallying point for environmental organizations in coastal Georgia and it is highly likely the decision will be appealed. What I want to do in this article is to offer some rationale for that decision in the context of the Coastal Marshlands Protection Act of 1970.
First, let me give a very brief summary of the Coastal Marshlands Protection Act, which is, in my opinion, the most important legislation ever adopted to protect Georgia's coastal natural resources. It has served this state well for over 30 years. While some will disagree with the committee's decisions on various individual permits, one only needs to look at coastal Georgia in comparison with other coastal states to see the effectiveness of this law.
In order to obtain a permit to "alter coastal marshlands" one must demonstrate that the project is not contrary to the public interest. Three phrases in the law define the public interest. They are:
1)
2)
3)

Following this section in the law is language that reads:

. the meat of the Coastal Marshlands Protection Act.

. This is

The Coastal Marshlands Protection Committee has approved about 40 permits for bridges and/or causeways
across marsh. Never, before this most recent meeting, have environmental organizations come forth in mass to argue against the granting of these permits. In my opinion, the public has become sensitized to the phenomenal rate of development in coastal Georgia and we are interested in finding ways to protect our remaining greenspace especially in the more highly developed counties.

I personally believe we should find a way to protect coastal marsh hammocks. These areas provide important habitat for a variety of wildlife including migratory songbirds. They are especially important because many hammocks are not inhabited by predators and offer special protection for songbirds and other wildlife species. However, because many of these hammocks are privately owned, government must be careful to avoid taking of
property without just compensation - that is unless it has a blank checkbook. Glynn County is moving forward to protect coastal marsh hammocks by including these areas in the greenspace plan the county has submitted to the state. Inclusion in the greenspace plan will allow the county to seek measures for protection such as conservation easements or outright purchase.

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~From the Director continued~
About the only reason to construct a bridge over coastal marshlands is to gain access to a marsh hammock in order to build on it. Many who want to see coastal marsh hammocks protected suggest the CMPC deny permits for bridges to hammocks. Certainly this would accomplish what these folks desire - assuming the courts agreed with these permit denials.
Those persons who were opposed to the granting of the recent permit argued the law should take into consideration everything associated with the project, including those features that are outside the marsh environment. Others argued the act limits the CMPC to just those activities in the marsh itself. Excellent attorneys represented both sides of this issue. In the end the CMPC accepted the legal advice from Senior Assistant Attorney General Isaac Byrd and granted the permit for the bridges.
I read one comment made by my friend from the Audubon Society who, in an interview following the meeting, said the committee's decision was made before the committee heard from any of the speakers who opposed the permit. He is certainly entitled to that opinion. However, nothing could be further from the truth. I am convinced none of the committee members knew what decision would be made prior to the meeting. In fact, at the conclusion of the presentations I wondered myself if a motion would be made to grant or deny the permit. The committee agonized over this decision. It is a great disservice to these public officials, only one of whom is acting in a paid capacity, to accuse them of having made any decision before they heard from all sides in this matter.
Commissioner Barrett has appointed a Coastal Marsh Hammock Advisory Committee to work with Coastal Resources Division to make recommendations to Commissioner Barrett that accomplish the goal of protecting marsh hammocks. Those appointed to this committee have a wide array of expertise and are very qualified to serve in this capacity. They will be working over the next several months to formulate these recommendations. Commissioner Barrett and I hope we can have a solid set of recommendations from the committee to implement protection strategies for Georgia's coastal marsh hammocks in the future. If you have any ideas you would care to share with the committee, please send them to me at your earliest convenience.
Duane Harris, Director Coastal Resources Division

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Coastal Advisor y Committee

By: Phil Flournoy

Meeting Set

ESS Operations Program Manager

The meeting date of the Year 2001 Coastal Advisory Committee has been pushed forward to Wednesday, May 23 to coincide with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) evaluation and audit of the Georgia Coastal Management Program (GCMP). The meeting change will afford Committee members and the public an opportunity to meet and exchange ideas with NOAA staff and evaluators from other CZM states. The earlier meeting date will also provide additional time for GCMP staff to develop Coastal Incentive Grant processes to more fully address the grant funding theme developed by the Committee at the meeting.

Coastal Advisory Committee members and other interested parties are urged to attend the Coastal Advisory Roundtable meeting, 6:30 p.m., April 24, 2001 at Brunswick DNR, for further details.

The public is cordially invited to attend and participate in all GCMP meetings. For more information contact Fred Hay at Coastal Resources Division at fred_hay@coastal.dnr.state.ga.us or (912) 264-7218.

Coastal Advisor y Committee

By: Phil Flournoy

Roundtable Report

ESS Operations Program Manager

On January 23, the first Coastal Advisory Committee Roundtable Meeting of 2001 was held at the Fort King George State Historic Site in Darien. Roundtable meetings are held quarterly to foster open dialog between coastal resource managers, the Citizens' Advisory Committee, and the public. In response to requests from Roundtable participants, the Georgia Coastal Management Program (GCMP) hosted Mr. Larry Rogers, District Manager with the Georgia Environmental Protection Division (EPD). Mr. Rogers addressed the Roundtable concerning EPD's role in environmental management and regulation along the coast. According to Mr. Rogers, EPD has increased its presence along the coast by hiring additional personnel to conduct field sampling, facility inspections and investigations into reported spills and other contaminant issues. EPD currently administers twenty Georgia statutes and four Federal statutes that include the Georgia Sedimentation Control Act and the Federal Clean Water Act. Sanitary landfills and municipal water pollution control plants also fall under EPD's jurisdiction.

Mr. Rogers reported the non-attainment zone in Atlanta as being one of the worst environmental situations in Georgia. However, he said, Savannah and Brunswick are approaching non-attainment status in ozone concentrations. This worsening air quality problem is primarily due to factory emissions, car exhaust and power plant operations, according to Mr. Rogers. Non-attainment zones are areas where air quality fails to meet standards set forth in the Clean Air Act. Because some of the coastal air pollution problems are imported from surrounding areas, EPD uses models to determine regional airflow and identify potential sources of air pollution.

EPD is undertaking efforts to improve compliance and reduce enforcement actions through pre-emptive activities that involve identifying potential trouble spots and working with those sites to improve conditions like waste removal or water treatment. Mr. Rogers cited several examples where EPD had worked to craft a solution rather than just levying a fine. For example, to help protect surface water quality along the Canoochee River, EPD worked with a large poultry processing plant to relocate sprayfields away from the river rather than simply fining the firm for water quality violations. The result was a more effective, long-term solution.

If you have questions regarding EPD's role in the protection of coastal resource quality, please contact their regional office at (912) 264-7284.

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By: Nancy Butler Information & Education Officer

Team members from the Ecological Services Section (ESS) of Coastal Resources Division (CRD) spend their days traveling up and down Georgia's eleven coastal counties. Their mission is to regulate activities within state jurisdictional tidal wetlands that are governed by the Shore Protection Act and the Marsh Protection Act. Not an easy task when one considers the enormous pressure for development that coastal Georgia is experiencing.
As developers push building limits on wetland properties, CRD has had to re-evaluate how the ESS team conducts it's regulatory activities. Dr. Stuart Stevens, Chief of the Ecological Services Section, has encouraged ESS staff members to move from roles of "regulators" to that of "consultants." Under Stevens' guidance, staff now provide the builder, developer, or property owner as much information and assistance in the initial phases of a project as possible to help accomplish the goals for the property without sacrificing the staff's responsibility of protecting coastal wetlands. One of the ways ESS staff members do this is to conduct periodic group field inspections to discuss proposed projects and/or violations. These inspections help determine if present procedures are working, provides a realistic outlook of current projects, and ensures consistency throughout the coastal counties. ESS has also developed and hosted workshops targeting specific audiences such as dock builders, realtors, and contractors to better communicate the application procedures, expectations and regulations surrounding the Shore and Marsh Protection Acts. More of these same successful proactive workshops are in development for the near future.
With the addition of new staff members in upcoming months, Dr. Stevens anticipates that the ESS staff will continue to expand its role as "consultant" for the increasing number of projects that impact both public and private wetlands. By working with local governmental officials, private land owners, and the public at large, ESS expects its proactive approach concerning the implementation and enforcement of the Shore and Marsh Protection Acts to best serve both Georgia's citizens and environment.
For more information concerning permit procedures and applications or the Shore Protection and Marsh Protection Acts visit the CRD web site at www.dnr.state.ga.us/dnr/coastal or contact Cindy Gregory at (912) 264-7218.

Tom Miller works with the northern counties in CRD's service area. After four years of service with the United
States Air Force, Tom spent 33 years with the Army Corps of Engineers in the Savannah District. His last 16 years with the Corps before retirement were in the organization's Regulatory Branch. Tom joined CRD in 1997 and operates the Division's first satellite office
in Savannah. Tom can be reached at dnrcrd@premierweb.net or (912) 691-6810.
Rhonda Knight works with the southern counties of the CRD service area. Rhonda has a B.S. Degree in Criminal
Justice, a minor in Sociology and is a certified teacher. She worked for Georgia's State Department of Human Resources for six years and taught school for seven years before joining CRD. Rhonda can be reached at (912) 634-3427 or at rhonda_knight@coastal.dnr.state.ga.us.

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Many suburban neighborhoods contain a pond these days; some subdivisions are built around them. Ponds offer scenic beauty, fishing, flood control, and usually attract a variety of birds. Some ponds, however, will occasionally experience algae blooms; a kind of population explosion of the aquatic plant life in the pond. These algae blooms, which result in either an opaque green color to the water (this is the microscopic algae) or in stringy, filamentous algae and vegetation, do more than just detract from the beauty of the pond: they sometimes result in fish kills.
Algae blooms occur when the microscopic algae and/or the visible vegetation in a pond reproduce in great numbers in a short time. Many forms of algae only live for a few weeks, and if a mass of algae are "born" at approximately the same time, they also die at the same time. When a mat of dead algae lies decaying on the pond bottom, the bacterial decay process depletes the water of a great deal of it's dissolved oxygen. The oxygen depletion can suffocate bottom-dwelling fish and the animals living on the bottom that cannot swim away. This problem can occur in stagnant areas of rivers and streams as well. Sometimes the oxygen depletion is so great that it can cause all of the fish in a pond to die within a week or two of the death of the bloom.
Blooms usually occur in the spring, when strong sunlight and warm air temperatures are conducive to photosynthesis. However, algae, being the plants they are, also require nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates, in order to grow. Some of these nutrients are always available naturally, but backyard fertilizers often wash into ponds during rainstorms and provide an overabundance. In other words, fertilizers fertilize algae as well as shrubs and grass!
A common solution to algae blooms is to have a pond management company treat the pond with copper sulfate to kill blooms. Unfortunately, this only adds a poison to the pond environment that could be ingested by fish and birds, and does not always solve the problem. If the vegetation is killed all at once, again, there is the problem of oxygen depletion in the water due to the large, rotting mass of vegetation, which is subsequently joined by a large, rotting mass of fish and other aquatic life. In addition, the problem can recur, as the rotting matter provides nutrients for yet another bloom.
Natural controls can prevent algae populations from getting out of hand in the first place, and are ultimately the cheapest solution. Avoiding chemical treatments to the ponds is always best for the fish and birds. Various methods of keeping algae in check include:

By managing your pond without chemicals, you are making a safer environment for the birds, fish and frogs in your neighborhood, as well as an aesthetically pleasing pond for you. Free advice on pond management is available from the Georgia Department of Natural Resources (DNR), Wildlife Resources Division in Waycross at (912) 285-6094.

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10,000 Shad Tagged

By: Bert Deener DNR Wildlife Resources Division

by Darien Brothers

For almost 20 years the American Shad Project has been conducted out of the Waycross Fisheries Office of DNR's Wildlife Resources Division (WRD). Since the inception of the project in 1982, two brothers, Dave and Darwin Gale have assisted the Waycross staff by catching the shad for tagging. Both are full-time commercial shad fishermen during the week, but they change hats on Friday night and assist with WRD tagging efforts on the weekends while the fishery is closed to commercial fishing. During shad season from January through March the brothers set out each morning in their small fiberglass boats, weaving their way through the sinuous channels and cuts of the lower Altamaha River.

Dave and Darwin grew up in Darien along the banks of the Altamaha River and combined have logged over 75 years of shad fishing experience. It doesn't take long talking with them to tell that the river is their first love. When WRD initiated the shad monitoring program, the brothers were the only shad fishermen in Darien willing to assist WRD in the shad tagging efforts. The pay for catching a shad in good enough condition to tag is $4, the equivalent of the value when sold to the commercial dock. Since the project began, the two have seen good years when tagging was well-worth their precious weekend time and other years when their pay barely covered the boat fuel bill. "We don't do it for the money as much as helping to make sure that the shad are there for our grandkid's grandkids," says Dave.
Tagged shad help biologists determine fish population and fishing mortality rates.

Artificial Reef Program to Add New Sites

By: Henry Ansley Marine Biologist CRD Marine Fisheries Section

Recently Coastal Resources Division's (CRD) Artificial Reef Program sent permitting requests to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Savannah District) and the state of Georgia for the siting/development of three beach reefs. CRD anticipates construction on the sites to begin in Summer 2001 following approval of the permits.

For charts showing the location of the proposed beach reefs, please forward your request and address by e-mail to Henry Ansley (henry_ansley@coastal.dnr.state.ga.us) or Shawn Jordan (shawn_jordan@coastal.dnr.state.ga.us) or call CRD headquarters at (912) 264-7218.

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BVraaczailtiiaonn!

Two of Georgia's Swallow-t ailed Kites Choose South America for Their Wintering Home

While soaring high above the Brazilian treetops on an early January morning, a graceful black and white swallow-tailed kite was spotted by researchers. Quickly realizing the importance of this find, Ken Meyer of Florida's Avian Research and Conservation Institute (ARCI) grabbed his satellite telemetry gear and began to investigate. Much to his delight and added excitement, Ken was correct. This bird
was one of two observed swallow-tailed kites (STK) that were hatched, banded and tagged in June of 2000 near Georgia's Satilla River. The STK research team eagerly recorded this sighting as verification that these birds have chosen South America's Brazil as one of their wintering ground roosting sites.

"Tagged birds like those sighted from Georgia, are used to help discover large roosts of wintering flocks of swallow-tailed kites with some of the wetland forest roosts as large as the state of Florida," said Meyer. "Over the last five years, we have used satellite and VHF telemetry tracking to locate six sites in Brazil where most or all of the U.S. swallow-tailed kite population has been seen wintering. These specific wintering location discoveries have led us to work with the Brazilian authorities to protect these valuable pieces of land," said Meyer.

Swallow-tailed kites occur in Georgia during the spring and
summer, arriving in early March and leaving for South
America in September.

Why is this good news? Biologists have intensified conservation efforts for the swallow-tailed kite because the population of U.S. birds currently occupies less than 95 percent of its former range. The kites now nest only in peninsular Florida and along major river systems of the lower coastal plains of Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas. This serious decline has prompted DNR biologists to seek cooperation from other supportive organizations and agencies, in hopes to determine the bird's distribution, habitat use and immediate management needs. And with Ken's exciting Brazilian discovery, STK researchers are off to a great
start.

"The swallow-tailed kite is a high priority species because their range has been reduced so drastically. We really don't know much about their distribution and status," said Emily Jo Williams, senior wildlife biologist with DNR's Nongame-Endangered Wildlife Program, who is heading up Georgia's Swallow-tailed Kite Initiative (STKI), a 3-year tag funded project in cooperation with the Florida ARCI. The goals of the STKI are to determine the distribution of kites in Georgia, develop a description of habitat needs for nesting, foraging and roosting, develop a census technique for long-term monitoring and develop management recommendations for landowners. With the help from ARCI and other agencies, DNR has been able to begin the conservation process needed to preserve and protect this species.

Although strikingly distinctive, these graceful birds are secretive when selecting nest sites, primarily using treetops along major river systems, swamps and marshes. Because these wet areas are not easily accessible, in early-April DNR biologists search areas along the Altamaha River from a five-story utility bucket provided by Georgia Power, attempting to locate nesting activity. It's not easy to locate the precise areas of densely forested habitat the swallowtailed kite uses to forage and nest. DNR biologists have been monitoring the Altamaha River and other southeast Georgia rivers where the birds were sighted, but getting an exact fix isn't as easy as it may seem. "We are extremely
fortunate to have use of heavy-duty equipment and qualified drivers, which gives us a better chance to locate a few of these rare birds," Williams said. "Reports of kite observations by DNR employees and the public also help us determine areas used by kites." These reports are followed up with surveys by helicopter and canoe.

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~Swallow-tailed Kites continued~
Swallow-tailed kites occur in Georgia during the spring and summer, arriving in early-March and leaving for South America in September. Kite nests have been seen primarily in very large loblolly pine trees in bottomland forests adjacent to the Altamaha, Satilla, Canoochee, Crooked, South Newport, St. Marys and Ogeechee Rivers. In 1999, biologists found the first kite nest ever documented in Georgia, totaling nine nests discovered that year. In 2000, an additional 20 nests were observed. "It's not that there were not any nests, but there was no concerted effort to locate the nests until now," said Williams. "The nests are very difficult to find and searches from a helicopter have proven to be the most effective method."
You don't have to be a wildlife biologist or work for a state agency to help with the protection of the swallowtailed kite. The public is encouraged to educate themselves to recognize the swallow-tailed kite and report STK sightings throughout southeastern Georgia. To submit STK sighting reports or to receive further information on DNR's Swallow-tailed Kite Initiative, please contact Emily Jo Williams, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife Resources Division, Nongame-Endangered Wildlife Program, 116 Rum Creek Drive, Forsyth, GA 31029 or visit the Georgia Ornithological Society's website for a swallow-tailed kite distribution map and STKI observation form: www.gos.org (go to the Species Accounts link).

Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish!

Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish!

Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish! Go Fish!

West Mackay River Fishing Pier Brunswick, Georgia
The catch-and-release derby c ompetition is open to children age 5-12 years old.
All partic ipantsmust be pre-registered.
Go Fish! Contact the Brunswick YWCA at (912) 265-4100
or DNRCoastal Resourc es Division, Brunswick at (912) 264-7218 for detailsand registration forms.
Go Fish! Go FishG! o Fish!Go Fish!Go Fish!Go Fish!Go Fish! Go FisGho! Fish! GoFisG h!o Fish!

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Members of the Williams family, Diane Parker and Alston Watt, christen the R/V Marguerite.

On Sunday, February 11, 2001 DNR Commissioner Lonice Barrett was master of ceremonies at the commissioning service for CRD's new research vessel - Marguerite. The vessel is named in honor of Marguerite Williams of Thomasville whose lifelong dedication and commitment to preserving Georgia's natural and cultural resources was recognized in Georgia and throughout the nation. Photos By: Jim Couch, DNR

Henry Ansley (R), Program Manager for the CRD Outer Continental Shelf Program, at the christening
ceremony with Marguerite Captain Joe Vickery (center) and First Mate Tommy Dougherty.

The Georgia Sound is produced quarterly by the Georgia Coastal Management Program. If you would like more information on the
Georgia Coastal Management Program, visit our web site at http://www.dnr.state.ga.us/dnr/coastal
or contact Coastal Resources Division at (912) 264-7218. Layout & Design by: Lea King
For address corrections or to be added or deleted from the mailing list, please contact Lea King at (912) 264-7218.
Llea_king@coastal.dnr.state.ga.us

Contributors to this issue: Henry Ansley, Nancy Butler, Jim Couch, Bert Deener, Kitty Esco, Phil Flournoy, Duane Harris, Fred Hay, Lea King, Tom Miller, Stuart Stevens, Julie Vann, and E. J. Williams. This publication is made possible through efforts by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources and the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Deadline for the Summer 2001 edition is May 11, 2001. We welcome suggestions
of articles and photography.

GeSoorguniad
Department of Natural Resources
Coastal Resources Division One Conservation Way, Suite 300 Brunswick, GA 31520-8687