Georgia game and fish [Vol. 5, no. 4 (Apr. 1970)]

GEORGIA

VOL 5, NO. 4 I APRIL, 1971

~GEORGIA
~GAME&FISH

April 1970

Volume V

Number 4

CONTENTS

Sapelo ... Island With A Purpose John Culler 1

Death in Small Doses

Margaret Tucker 4

How To Carpet A Trout Stream

Wilson Hall 7

Where The Big Boys Are

J. Hall 9

Where To Catch 'Em In '70

Marvin Tye 12

Outdoor World

15

Sportsmen Speak

16

Sportsmen's Calendar

17

Lester G. Maddox
Governor

George T. Bagby
D1rector. State Game & F1sh Comm1ss1on

COMMISSIONERS

Clyde Dixon
Chairman Cleveland-9th District William Z. Camp, Sec.
Newnan-6th District James Darby
Vidalia-1st District Dr. Robert A. Coli ins, Jr.
Americus-3rd District Charles L. Davidson, Jr. Avondale Estates-4th District

Richard Tift Vice Chairman Albany-2nd District Rankin M. Smith Atlanta-5th District J. B. Langford Calhoun-7th District Judge Harley Langdale Valdosta-8th District Leonard Bassford Augusta-lOth District

Jimmie Williamson Darien-Coasta I District

TECHNICAL SERVICES DIVISION
Jack A. Crockford, Assistant Director Leon Kirkland, Fisheries Chief
Hubert Handy, Game Management Chief

LAW ENFORCEMENT DIVISION
Bill Cline, Major Deputy State Chief, Atlanta
J. D. Atchison, Major Deputy State Chief, Metter
David Gould, Major Supervisor of Coastal Fisheries
Brunswick

GEORGIA GAME & FISH STAFF
Dean Wohlgemuth Editor

Staff Writers

Marvin Tye

John Culler

J. Hall

Aaron Pass

Ted Borg, Photo Editor

Georgia Game and Fish ts the official monthly mogaztne of the Georgto Game and Fish Commission, published at the Commission's offices, TrinityWashington Buifding, 270 Washington St., Atlanta, Georgia 30334. No advertising accepted. Subscriptions ore SJ for one year or $2.50 for three years. Printed by Stein Printing Company, Atlanta, Ga. Notification of address change must include both old and new address and ZIP code, with 30 days notice. No subscription requests will be accepted without ZIP code. Articles and photographs may be reprinted. Proper credit should be given. Contributions ore welcome, but the editors assume no responsibility or fiabifity for foss or damage of articles, photographs, or illustrations. Second-class postage paid at Atlanta, Go.

The Popular Thing
It's good to know that at long last. being concerned about conservation of our natural resources is becoming the popular thing. Not so long ago. showing genuine concern for air and water pollution and the quality of environment. was likely to get you anything from an icy stare to a snicker.
What's sad about it is that the public is getting concerned only because we arc rapidly approaching the danger point. Unless we act soon and swiftly. there'll he little in the way of natural resources to protect. With the ever-increasing population and ever-dwindling resources, we're headed for disaster in a hurry unless we quit paying lip service to conservation. and get to work.
Let's hope it isn't too late already. A recent issue of a major magazine aimed at general readership pointed out that a recent former president once touched upon the topic of environmental conservation. The audience and the speaker. the magazine intimated. were both bored by the subject. Yet in the past couple of years. the conservation bandwagon has been hoarded by nearly everyone from the little man on the street through the nation's highest offices and even major industry and business leaders. Perhaps yet. concern is too general and not quite specific enough. There's a big job to do. Mountainous tasks must be accomplished to protect what we have left. How do you move mountains'1 Well. first you must pick a spot to begin. then go to work. a shovel full at a time. The job can't he left for someone else to do. Each person has an obligation to do 1\hatcvcr he can. We can't rationalize that the problems arc elsewhere. and therefore not our 011 n. Our 011 n state has problems that must be faced. Perhaps the most encouraging thing of all is that the public is gradually beginning to realize that it isn't just the outdoorsman that has reason for alarm over water pollution and environment quality. What hurts the outdoorsman and the wildlife hurts everyone. Once this lesson sinks home. perhaps we can rc~tlly make strides in conservation. Efforts arc being made to take a serious look into the future of Georgia's natural resources. Plans have been underway for several months. for example. to hold a Land Usc Planning Symposium for all interested citizens. A wide variety of topics from all concerned groups is on the agenda. The Symposium has been scheduled for July 6 and 7 at the Center for Continuing Education. at the University of Georgia in Athens. You, as a sportsman. businessman. industrialist, farmer. or just plain citizen, owe it to yourself to become involved in such worthy programs. 1\lark those dates on your calendar now. and plan to attend. 1\lore detailed information on this Symposium will appear in Game and Fish Magazine, as it becomes available. (Sec Outdoor \Vorld Sect ion of this issue).
-Dean Wohlgemuth
ON THE COVER-Thousands of anglers go into Georgia's mountains each spring, in search for trout. The trout are there all right ... thanks to diligent efforts by the Game and Fish Commission. These men are conducting a population study on Noontootley Creek, to help determine how to improve fishing. Photo by Ted Borg.
ON THE BACK COVER: Some of the wildest, most beautiful beaches in the nation and perhaps the world, can be found on Sapelo Island, as well as other Georgia coastal islands. Efforts are being made to preserve as many of these as possible. See John Culler's article, Page 1, "Sapelo-An Island With A Purpose." Photo by Ted Borg.

AN ISLAND WITH A PURPOSE
by John Culler

Thousands of years ago when nature decided she bad enough of the last ice
aae and thC great ice sheets began to
D'lelt. changes began to take place on the Georgi coast. As the ice melted and the seas began to rise, older islands became the floor of the ocean, and finally,
just about 500 years before Christopher Columbus made his famous voyage,
most of the present Georgia islands became separated from the mainland by
tidal creeks and rivers. We are still in this "interglacial" or
melting period, and unless something happens to change things, the present

Georgia islands will be covered by the rising waters in about a thousand years and undoubtedly new ones will be separated from the Georgia mainland, just as the preSent islands were. This will happen ever so slowly, with a patience that only nature possesses, and the daily changes that take plaee 500 years from now will not be any more evident than they are today.
Oftentimes the ways of nature seem strange, because no matter how knowl edJeable we become, nature still bas a lot on us in the good old plain horse sense department. We'll never know if it

1

Down this tree shaded lane, slaves went out to the fields in the early morning and returned wearily in the evening to their cabins. Nearby (not visible in this picture), are the ruins of several of the old slave cabins, which were constructed of "tabby," a cement-like material of burned oyster shells, widely used in early coastal area construction. (Photo By Ted Borg)

was planned, but because nature created the islands, and because a farsighted lady who owned one of the islands wanted it preserved and maintained in its natural state, there is new hope for Georgia's wild turkey population, and of course, new hope for the state's turkey hunters.
Sapelo Island, owned by Mrs. Annemarie S. Reynolds, widow of tobacco millionaire Richard J. Reynolds, was sold to the State of Georgia last summer for a fraction of its worth by Mrs. Reynolds because she loved the island and wanted to see it saved just as nature intended it to be.
Sapelo, along with Blackbeard Island, which is a Federal Game Refuge and is separated from Sapelo only by Blackbeard's Creek, is about eleven miles long and three miles wide, and characteristic of all Georgia islands it is covered with a climax forest of pine and oaks, prime turkey habitat.
Taken as a whole Georgia's islands follow a pattern of sandy beaches on the ocean side and salt water marshes between the island and the mai~land. Sapelo is no exception. The several thousand acres of marsh in the vicinity of the island is perhaps tlie most productive acreage in the United States.
Together with the marsh, the island totals about 14,000 acres, including several smaller islands. The University of Georgia utilizes part of the island as a research center, where much of our knowledge about Georgia's super-productive marsh has been learned. About 8,000 acres will be left in its natural state and used by the Game and Fish Commission for game resear~h and as a place to raise deer-and turkeys.
Turkeys were abundant on the island years ago, but disappeared through the years because of illegal poaching and other factors. The island will be restocked with turkeys, which will be protected and encouraged , and it is hoped future generations of island turkeys can be used to bolster Georgia's wild turkey flocks all over the state.
Hubert Handy, state supervisor of game management for the commission, says the turkey stocking program on the island will take about two years. Handy

said "We feel that once we get the is-

land stocked, we can hatch, raise and

stock about 300 turkeys a year in other

parts of the state from Sapelo Island."

Handy said illegal poaching in Geor-

gia has almost wiped out the native tur-

key population. "We've got to do some-

thing f9r the turkey population in .our

state, illegal hunting has almost Wiped

them out," he said. "We plan to restock

county by county once they are avail-

able."

In order to improve the habitat for

turkeys on the island, a controlled burning program has been implemented. ~ small portion of the island at a time IS

abnudrnehde~viny

order to remove vegetation and

the put

palmetto the land

back into production. Since turkeys are

similar to geese in that they enjoy graz-

ing on green plants, it is very important

to get the legumes and grasses coming

back. Forty acres of rye has already

been seeded for the early arrivals this

spring.

There is a good deer population on

the island, and the thinking now is for

limited deer hunting in the future. But

only after the turkeys have become es-

tablished. "We have a good deer popu-

lation on the island now," Handy said,

"but some poaching has been going on,

and it has kept the deer herd down

some. We are going to correct this prob-

lem, then we believe we can have some

fine deer hunting on the island."

Sapelo history dates hundreds of

years back, and some of the old ruins

are still on the island. But the most im-

pressive thing about the island is the sol-

itude that results when man and his ma-

chines are absent. There are a few old

sheds and a lohg abandoned tractor car-

cass, but the absence of litter makes a fellow feel like he's ~ossibly on holy

ground. The wide beach, more than

four miles long, is likewise unlittered,

with not a beer can in sight.

It won't be long before there will be

very few natural areas left in the United

States, but Mrs. Reynolds took out an

insurance. policy on Sapelo when she

sold It to the state.

And she just might have given a fine

game bird a new chance.

~

2

By Margaret Tucker
Death In Small Doses
The Pesticide Problem
Photos courtesy of U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries & Wildlife
Death comes from the skies in the form of insecticides. While immediate effects seem to be on insects, long-range effects
are more on desirable wildlife . . . and even human beings. Spray planes are just one of the methods . . . and the fastest . .. in putting out insecticides.

There is no longer a field, a hilltop , a stream, or a lake on this wide earth that is untouched by chemical poisons. These poisons are the "fallout" from a new set of weapons that man has vigorously used for the past 25 years in an unrelenting effort to exterminate plant and insect enemies.
A few pesticides were used in the last century, but since World War II there has been an accelerating effort to find an easy final solution to agricultural and medical problems by poisoning weeds and insect pests. At first DDT seemed the miracle cure; it wiped out insects, but did not apparently affect higher forms of life. Strangely, however, this situation has become reversed. Many insects have developed a resistance which is close to immunity, while we are beginning to see terrible and perhaps irreversable effects in some bird and animal populations.
Our haste to use these new powerful insect killers has led to the waste of valuable wildlife. In the last few years most states have suffered fish kills due to pesticides or the heavy loss of song and game birds, and now many areas report ever-rising levels of pesticide contamination in big-game species.
What is happening to cause this wide-spread concern among scientists, conservationists, and sportsmen? Hasn't DDT been considered "safe" for years? The fact is that the DDT that we sprayecl on our forests, farms, orchards, and rose bushes did not do its job and disappear. It stayed in the soil for as

much as 15 yea rs; it ran into the streams and ground water, and it is now blowing in the wind over all the earth and flowing into the sea, even to the faraway poles. Penguins in Antarctica carry residues of DDT in their body tissues, as do polar bears in the Arctic, and as do you and I.
DDT is not the onl y poiso n in our food, water, and air. It is merely the one that has been with us the longest. Since the pioneer days of World War II we have become more clever in the invention of poisons: Chlordane, heptachlor, dieldrin , aldrin , endrin, all related to DDT, but up to 50 times as deadly, are being used daily. These poisons are of a family called chlorinated hydrocarbons, substances which do not occur in nature, but are a recent invention. They are called "hard'' pesticides because they do not disappear from the environment quickly, but remain for years in soil, water, and the bodies of animals.
This lasting effect was considered good at first, but it is the basis of our current problems. The hard pesticide can be sprayed directly on a plant or be absorbed by the roots from previously treated soil. When an animal eats a treated plant, the re idues of the pesticide may then travel through four or five species in a "food chain," a pyramid relationship like the following. A large number of organisms, such as the microscopic plankton in water serve as food for a lesser number of small fish, which are in turn eaten by larger fish , which are eaten by birds, or by men.

Since DDT and related chemicals do not pass through the body, but are stored in fat, each small fish eaten by a larger one contributes a small dose of DDT. The amount accumulated by the last animal in such a chain may be 100 times as concentrated as the original amount in the soil or water. This accumulation is called "biological magnification" and it mean that death may come in small , seemingly harmless doses to animals that were far away when the pesticide was applied.
The long-lived pesticides can even kill animals yet unborn when the spraying was done. When poisons accumulate in the tissues of a fish or a bird, they will also appear in the eggs. Because the young are usually much more sensitive than adults, this dose which hardly affected the parent will kill the fry or the chick. Pesticides can also travel through the placenta of a warm-blooded animal, and appear in the young before birth.
Pesticide residues stored in fat can also affect the adult animal long after the exposure occurred. If the animal suffers a food shortage and is forced to live on its reserves of fat, it may be poisoned by its own tis ues. This delayed effect may be the reason for a sudden, mysterious, fish kill.
DDT, dieldrin, and endrin have been found by the U. S. Public Health Service in all major river basins in the United States. What does this concentration of poisons mean to our environment? What animals are affected, how severely, and for how long?

Many forms of wildlife die in apparently scattered incidents, and it may never be known exactly what was the cause of death . Howe ver, it seems more and more certain that a buildup of pesticides through several generations are taking a toll of our birds, animals and fish.

Careful laboratory studies are needed to determine the levels of pesticide residues in fish and wildlife and to pinpoint possible trouble areas. Some tests have been made, giving strong indication of problems now in existence . . . but more tests are necessary to be certain of the facts. Just how serious the problem is in Georgia is not yet known, but apparently it is not yet critical. But it may be soon if something isn't done.

5

Even sea life succumbs to pesticides. Shell/ish are very sensitive to pesticides. Dursban used in mosquito control in the Fort Myers, Fla. , area wiped out 90 per cent of the fiddler crab population, eliminating the food supply for many birds. And those that lived, when eaten by birds, began a buildu p of deadly poison in the birds.

It is a biological fact that some organisms have more tolerance than others . The most sensitive are insects, and shellfish, then, in decreasing order, other fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Thus, if a pesticide is applied to a forest, field, or pond, the insects and smaller animals will be killed first. It was formerly thought that larger fish and wild game would not be affected. But now, after many years of freely using these chemicals, we are seei ng some unexpected side effects among animals we have no wish to kill.
The greatest threat to game populations is not necessarily direct spraying, but the slow buildup of poison from repeated exposures. The inability of birds and fish to reproduce is just as serious, if less obvious, a threat to the species as direct killing. The danger is great, because it may not be noticed until too late.
The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department reports that trout have virtually stopped reproducing in Lower Laguna Madre Bay. Since 1964 the count of young trout has dropped from 30 fish per acre to less than one! As adults still can be found, the culprit is believed to be DDT and other pesticides which occur in the eggs and prevent hatching.
Fish are not the only animals in which pesticide residues interfere with reproduction. Large amounts of poison accumulating in the tissues of birds of prey (eagles, pelicans, falcons, and
owls) are causing the rapid disappear-
ance of these birds from large areas of
our country. The Soutpern bald eagle is
now listed by the National Forest Serv-
ice as an endangered species. Pelicans,
too, are .in trouble because tqe fish they

eat contain poison residues. The osprey is vanishing from Connecticut and Michigan because DDT makes their eggshells too weak to allow hatching by the mother bird. Studies .indicate that almost no falcons were able to raise young east of the Rocky Mountains last year.
Falcons are dying out even in areas like British Columbia where pesticides have not been used in great amounts .
Perhaps sportsmen are not concerned about these non-game animals, but it is a fact that similar disasters can befall other species - quail, grduse, dove, pheasant, and woodcock. As Paul Spitzer, studying ospreys for the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, expressed the problem, "They are an alarm system of things gone haywire in the river, the estuary, and the sound. They are sensitive indicators of the environment."
These indications are not comforting! Pheasants and ruffed grouse in British Columbia have been found to have DDT residues of one to four parts per million. If levels like this were found in commercial meat, it would be condemned by the Food and Drug Administration. The partridge and pheasant hunting season in Alberta had to be closed entirely this fall because of mercury contamination. The birds had eaten treated seed grain. Neighboring Montana did not close the season, but warned hunters against eating "too many" of the poison-carrying birds. California was forced to ban the use of DDT and dieldrin in rice-growing areas after a study showed that in treated areas nearly half the year's hatch of pheasants died within six weeks of birth.
The woodcock is also a vulnerable bird because it eats mainly earthworms.

The worms, living in the soil, pick up any long-lived chemical and pass it on to the woodcocks. Spraying for spruce budworm on the New Brunswick woodcock habitat in 1958 reduced the number of young birds by onehalf and the effects lasted after the spraying stopped. Past treatment of the woodcock's southern range with heptachlor in an effort to stamp out the fire ant also sent pesticide levels in that bird soaring. In 1963 most of the woodcock migrating across the eastern U. S. carried more heptachlor than the law allows in meat. There is good news in the fact that heptachlor has not been used in the fire ant program for several years, but its residues remain in the soil for years and its replacement, mirex, is also a long-lived chemical.
Few studies have yet been done on the effect of pesticides to big game animals, although Missouri has a survey of whitetail deer in progress, as does Colorado on mule deer. South Dakota recently reported that the dieldrin levels in big game there exceed the zero tolerance set by the U. S. Government for commercial meat.
Even though their tolerance to pesticides is higher than that of birds, big game animals can be killed outright by sprays. In the summer of 1964, the treatment of a field of soybeans with a powerful hydrocarbon pesticide in Mississippi left 17 whitetail deer dead.
Perhaps the greatest threat to deer, elk, antelope, and other big-game grazers is spraying to clear unwanted vege-
tation. The herbicides 2, 4-D and 2, 4,
5-T are used to clear roadsides, pastures, and forest areas before seeding. Poison-treated vegetation is attractive tQ grazing animals and has caused problems in several western states where broad scale spraying is done to eliminate sage brush and mesquite.
The experiences of other states with DDT and many types of long-lived pesticides should alert Georgians to the possible threats to our own fish and game populations. Indeed, we have had our problems also, especially with the fire ant program, and local fish kills. One fact which we cannot afford to ignore is that pesticides are silent and complicated killers . Their effects reach far beyond the point of their application.
We need to monitor the levels of pesticides washing off our farmlands, pastures and orchards before ' we discover that the fish are not reproducing. We need to study the pesticide levels in game birds and animals to determine if they carry amounts which are potentially harmful. We need to study carefully the new chemicals which are marketed every year, for it is a fact that the use of pesticides will not stop tomorrow. The pesticide problem has just begun! . -

6

How To Carpet a Trout Stream

By Wilson Hall

The materials required to make a carpet sole and fasten it to a shoe are few: the shoes or waders, a scrap of carpet, a pair of scissors, a jar of rubber cement, and a tongue depressor or di9posable brush with which to apply the glue.

Step one: Using a soft pencil or ball point pen, outline the shoe to which the carpet sole is to be fitted.

Step two: Cut around the outline.

One of ~e first things I ever did on a trout stream, once I got my rod ~ sembled "and waded out into the water, was to fall in. On that particular April morning, I had to get out on dry l~d anli build a fire to dry out and to step my teeth from chattering and my lips from turning purple. Since then, I have fallen, slipped, slid and stumbled into some of the best trout waters in Georgia, and, consequently, ever since then, I hllve been looking for something to put a firm, npn-skid foundation under me.
Now, everybody expects to get a little dunking occasionally when he fishes a stream, and ordinarily, on a summer day, you don't pay too much attention to it, but once in a whiJe a little danger gets involved, and it .is then time to take the situation seriously. It was the
danger in a dunking that spurred me on
to look a little more avidly for some water treads with more traction.
On a summer mid-morning a few years ago, I was in the first half of what promised to be one of those "perfect" days. I had half filiE;d my limit of eating size trout, and bad the whole stream to myself, not a soul behind me pushing, nor a soul ahead of me spooking fish. I was fishing down stream to meet my partner, to whom I'd given the car keys so that he could drive back and pick me up.
I stopped at the top of a waterfall, some ten or so feet high, and watched it pour into a long clear pool at the bottom. I stood astride a small stream that poured out over tlJe falls , studying how to climb down and how best to approach the pool to fish it. My leader was frayed, and I was in the process of retying it.

In fact, I had just slipped the new leader end through the eye of the hook when BAM!- in a split second, the rock and water background behind the hook ~nd line which I had my eyes focused on suddenly became a china blue sky, laced over with laurel and hemlock branches. I was conscious of cold water running down my collar and a pain in both elbows. I still held my fly rod under my right arm , and the leader was still through the eye of the hook, but I was flat on my back in the shallow stream.
Needless to say, I was in a state of amazed shock. The fall could have been dangerous if I had slipped in the other di,.;ction . Right then I began to seek in earnest for a solution to the slippery sole problem. And I found it in the form of discarded carpet scraps.
I don't know who used it first-probably someone who could not afford felt soles, which, by the way, do not do the job as well as carpet. I do know, however, that the idea is not very widespread, for I have met only a few people on the streams of north Georgia who were using carpet soles, and I'm convinced that if anyone ever tried them, be would never be caught again without a pair of them on his shoes and an extra pair in his tackle box or fishing vest pocket.
At this point, it might be well to explain why carpet soles work better than
the number and variety of corded soles,
steel cleats and chain grippers found on
the market. Carpet soles do what none
of these other devices can do because
they work on an opposite principle.
Steel cleats, chains and corded soles are designed to either bit~ into the

Step three: Apply the glue to both the bottom of the shoe or wader and to the carpet sole. Wait eight to ten minutes before putting the two surfaces together.

Step four: Carefully place the blue covered surface of the carpet sole to the bottom of the shoe. Be sure that you have them together correctly the first time, because there is no moving them around or taking them apart to start again.
Now you are ready to get your rod and go fishing. The whole world will feel like wallto-wall carpet, and your new sole will take most of the slip out of slippery rocks. Th e carpet works well on waders also. You need only measure a heel piece as well as a sole. Glue them as described for the tennis shoe, and you are ready to go fishing.

stony surface or furnish an abrasive surface that minimizes slippage. But in the case of metal, a hard surface is placed against a hard surface. A slippery surface is placed against a slippery surface, in the case of wet rubber cords and standard tennis shoes. Both of these kinds of devices add to the problem rather than solve it.
Carpet, on the other hand, has a soft and pliable surface, which allows itself to fit the contour of whatever the fisherman is standiog on at the time, and the thousands of inches of fr.ictive surface furnished by the tiny strands of carpet material lock onto a rock surface. You'll never believe how well they do it until you try it.
But bacJ;c to the process. When I got ready to re-sole my tennis shoes (I prefer a stocking footed wader with tennis shoes, but this same idea works just as well on booted waders), I got my material together-a piece of carpet, a jar of rubber cement, a wooden tongue depressor to spread the cement with, a pair of scissors to cut the carpet, and a ball point or soft lead pencil to mark the outline of the shoe.
The ca.rpet was easily gotten. We had just had our house carpeted, and so I have a life-time supply of odds and ends. But carpet pieces can be gotten from junk piles around new houses that are being finished up, or even from carpet stores where they may give away the scraps or sell them very .inexpensively. Be sure that you do not get outdoor carpet. Since it is waterproof and short piled, .it is not very effective.
Be sure that you get a good grade of carpet, because this will determine the usable life of your carpet sole. Carpet bonded to a foam rubber backing will not do at all . Carpet with the pile woven into the backing is best, but most of the modern carpet is chemically or thermally bonded to the jute back and this works well enough.
Usually water will affect it after a long day of fishing, so that at the end of the day the heat-set carpet especially has begun to come loose from the backing while the backing itself is still fast secured to the shoe sole. This tendency to separate from the backing could possibly be eliminated by using a metal staple at the strategic places, the toe and heel, to reinforce the carpet. I have also considered having the wife take a turn around the carpet sole with the sewing machine. This should make it strong enough to last for several trips.
The rubber cement that works best is the kind that shoemakers use to replace crepe and rubber soles. This is easily gotten from the shoe repair shop where you have repair work done. My shoe repairman sold me a quart for a dollar and apologized because it had gone up

from seventy-f.ive cents. I was happy,

however, for this is definitely a good

price for a season-long supply of glue,

and you'll have some left over for re-

pairing odd things during the winter.

In fact, my brother and I both do not

use a quart in a summer. When you

consider that this may be your only

financial outlay, the price of firm foot-

ing for a whole season is cheap indeed.

The application for the cement can

be anything: a tongue depressor, such

as I use, a stick, or even an old paint

brush, if you don't intend to ever use

it again.

The scissors can be whichever pair

you have around the house that the

wife will allow you to use. Whether

she believes you or not, cutting carpet

will not hurt them, and it does not re-

quire a great deal of hand strength if

the scissors are sharp.

Once the material is gathered, th!!

process is very simple. First, place the

tennis shoe or wader boot on the jute

side of the carpet, and then use the

ball point pen or soft lead pencil to

outline the shape of the shoe. Then use

the scissors to cut along the outline.

This next step is where you will make

a mess .if you are going to make one

at all, and it is the one which the wife

will watch with close eye if you are

working in the house. Using the appli-

cator, spread the glue on both the car-

pet sole and on the bottom of the shoe

or wader. Make sure that you have

ample glue on both surfaces. . Watch

where you put the applicator when you

are finished with it, and then set both

sole and shoe aside to dry for eight to

ten minutes. Don't worry if the carpet

backing seems to absorb a great deal

of the glue. This .is normal. After wait-

ing the proper length of time, very

carefully put the sole and shoe bottom

together. Be sure that where you touch

them together is where you want them

to stay, because there is no pulling

them apart or moving them around

afterward. They are stuck.

Now take your thumbs and press

the carpet down all over the shoe to

be sure that all of the surface is in

contact and that there are no large

air bubbles under the sole. If this is

done the night before, the shoes will

be ready for fishing the next morning.

But a hasty application of a spare sole

right on the stream bank can do an ade-

quate job after about twenty minutes

of drying.

These carpet soles are worth far more

than they cost in money and effort, and

they can be applied to old street shoes

and boots as well, if that is what you

choose to fish in. If you really want

an easy mind while you fish , and want

to increase your agility as you move

along a rock stream, give carpet soles

a try.

>-=-

8

y
By J. Hall

Now there are a couple of fine trophys ... both of them! Mr. R. P. Bolton, of Bainbridge, displays the Number One black bass in the state, a 15 lb. 10 oz. largemouth he caught in Lake Seminole. Mr. Bolton's name will be engraved along with those of previous state winners on the Garcia Bass trophy, and will receive a Garcia 5000 reel and rod as a prize. (Photo By Ted Borg)
Where the big boys are

Announcing the winners of the 1969 "Big Fish" contest, sponsored by "Game and Fish" Magazine and the Georgia Sportsman's Federation.
Ask a dozen people why they fish. Go ahead! I did one time and got 17 different answers. But the simplest answer, of course, is, "I just like to catch fish." (You might be amazed at the number of people who like to catch fish , but don't give a flip about eating them.) Everyone likes to catch big fish , and that's a big reason why this magazine and the Georgia Sportsmen's Federation have an annual Big Fish Contest.
There's something different, however, about fishing than most any other sport I can think of. With hunting, there's a positive element . . . hopefully. You see a deer or squirrel, draw a bead on him, squeeze the trigger and he's yours . . . also hopefully. There's a definiteness about this, just you and your quarry. Some people like this; some don't. But with fishing it's different.

There's an element of chance about it feet long and something around 87

that gives you the opportunity to safely pounds. I was impressed. I carefully an-

appease your gambling urge without alyzed the situation, limbered my rod,

risking the young'un's shoes in the proc- chose my lure with professional taste,

ess.

presented it to him with delicate finesse

There's more of the scattergun ap- and . . . nothing. For upwards of about

proach. You spend the day flinging a two hours I flang that critter a smorgas-

chunk of wood, plastic or metal, with a bord luncheon of bugs, flies, wooly-

hook attached to it into the water. boogers, nits, gnats and . . . Oh Nuts!

There might be something there that's All he did was lay there, jewel-like and

feeble-minded enough to think that shimmering and hating my guts. See

looks like a meal. On the other hand , him! I could'a hove a rock and knocked

there might not. And if there is, it could that silly smirk off his face in a minute.

be a minnow or it might be big enough I wanted to. I even looked around for

to drag you out of the boat and discus~ one. But that wouldn't have been the

the matter on a personal basis. All this sporting thing to do, would it? (I hope

tends to make the sport more interest- he died of tarvation.)

ing.

There's another thing. Somewhere,

Very rarely does the fisherman ever lurking in a musty and cobwebby corner

face his prey. And usually he's even of the mind of every angler is that de-

more frustrated if he does. I recall an sire to catch a "wall fish ," a trophy

afternoon of dedicated and unscrupu- Junker that's just a little smarter, a little

lous stalking of a large trout I had dis- meaner, and a whole heap bigger than

covered in a little mountain stream. anything anybody else has ever caught.

There he lay, jewel-like and shimmering There again is where that element of

down under the clear cold water of his chance comes in. We can kid ourselves

pool. He seemed to me to be about five (and we do) by bragging about our skill

9

"And that's the way I caught him . " New State Record holder Donald Palmer, of Cleveland, displays the fishing form that helped him land a 7 lb. 8 oz. spotted bass in the Little Tesnatee River in White County. Don's bass is just eight ounces under the World's Record. (Photo By J. Hall)
If that isn't a "wall fish" you never saw one. This 12 lb. rainbow graces the living room wall of Hollis W. Newberry , of Smyrna. Hollis landed this beauty on the opening day of trout season last year in the Coosawattee River near Ellijay, and receives a Pflueger Supreme rod and reel as his other prize. (Photo By J. Hall)
and experience, and it's true that a certain amount of technique and discernment are required. It also helps to have been endowed with an ample supply of dumb luck. Catching a big fish requires a combination of circumstances so haphazard that only fate could really assemble them . . . casting just the right bait in just the right place at just the right time to just the fish that happens to have a peculiar and insatiable craving for your prickly, blah-tasting tidbit. Sure, exposure helps. The more you fish, the more you increase your chances of doing all those "right" things . Some folks never quite make it though.
I've talked with fishermen . . . good fishermen who catch a lot of fish. But somehow they never manage to assemble all the necessary elements to land a big fish, even though they've fished

hard and steadily for years with that ambition driving them on. They just didn't hit it lucky. And then there's the other side.
Take the case of John H . Casteel, of Lilburn, Ga. John hauled in a 10 lb. 2 oz. bass last year that was 26 inches long. That in itself was a pretty good feat. But consider the fact that Mr. Casteel is a tottering ancient all of six years old, and his bass was almost as long as he is. Now doesn't that put you in the shade!
Big fish are hard to come by. That's what makes them desirable. But they are there, and this year's "Big Fish" Contest is proof of it. In many respects, this was a very successful contest and a most impressive year of fishing in Georgia. We had seven new state records established during 1969. And that's impressive in anybody's book. But if records can be set, they can also be broken. And three new records were set, only to come crashing down again, even before the ink got dry in the record books. That's disappointing, of course. But that's progress, and if you don't believe everything's getting bigger these days, just take a closer look at the bills that come in every month. (I'm not sure that's progress, though.)
On the negative side of the ledger, the number of entries were a little disappointing. We simply didn't have any fish entered in several categories, even though plenty of those fish had to have been caught. There were no entries of striped bass, redeye or Coosa Bass, bowfin, carp, white crappie, gar, muskellunge, chain pickerel (jackfish) , sauger, redbreast sunfish or yellow perch. Now I can understand a Jack of entries for musk.ie or sauger. There aren't too many places to fish for these in Georgia. But mudfish? Carp?
Traditionally, the Georgia "Big Fish" contest offers prizes in six categories : the largest black bass (includes largemouth, smallmouth, Flint River smallmouth, spotted and coqsa bass) , the largest white bass, the largest crappie (blac~ or white) , the largest bream (includes bluegill , redbre~t, and shellcracker), the largest trout (includes brook, brown and rainbow), and the largest catfish. To be eligible for these prizes, the fish must have been caught in the state during the year 1969.
The prizes are enough to make any angler fish just a little harder. There's an impressive trophy from the Garcia Corporation upon which the name of the wiqner of the black bass category will be engraved. And this year, there's an additional goody. The Pflueger Company is presenting a beautiful trophy to the state to bear the name, rank and serial number of the winner in the white bass category. In addition, winners in the black bass, crappie and catfish cate-

gories will receive Garcia Ambassadeur

5000 reels and rods. Winners in the

white bass, bream and trout categories

will receive Pflueger Supreme rods and

reels. Now don't you wish you'd en-

tered!

But we've built up enough suspense

now (we hope) so here's the rundown

on the winners . . . and new state re-

cords . .. for 1969.

We have three new records in the

black bass category this year, beginning

with a state record for the Flint River

smallmouth, caught by J. L. Mc-

Cormick, of Griffin. Mr. McCormick

landed a 6 lb. 8 oz. bass in the Flint

River, Mar. 9, 1969. (Old record, 6 lb.

5 oz., 1967.)

A new State Record was established

for the (northern) smallmouth bass of 6

lb. 5 oz., caught by J11ckie R. Suits, of

Fry, Ga. , at Lake Blue Ridge on Dec.

11 , (969. (Old record, 6 lb. 2 ozs.

1968.)

.

The spotted bass was one of those

"up and down" . . . or perhaps it might

be better to say "up and up" categories this year. ~rs. Joan Philyaw, of Mar-

ietta, took the record with a catch of a 6

lb. 14 oz. "spot" at Lake All!ltoona, on

May 16, 1969. The Game & Fish Com-

mission announced l,ler catch as being a

new State Record. Mrs. FraQces Alex-

ander, !j.).sq of Marietta, heard about it,

and came forward with her mounted a~d authenticated seven pound spotted
bass she caught at Lak~ Allatoona in

Oct. 1967, so 'sbe took over the record.

That stirred up enou&b dust to attract

the attention of H. Gr;idy Pierce, Jr., of

Atlanta, who produced his spotted bass

of 7 lbs. 3 ozs., caught in 1965! His fish

was verified, and entered as the new State Record. Bqt t~e story doesn't end there.

In checking the 1969 entrees, we

found the fish c;mght by Donald Pal-

mer, of Cleveland. Don's 7 lb. 8 oz.

spotted bass was caught May 20, 1969

in the Little Tesnatee River in White

County. Don's bass relieved Mr. Pierce

of the burden of fame, and established a

new State Re<;ord that's just eight

ounces under the World's Record. (Old

State Record, 6lbs. 1967.)

But Georgia being the bass state that

it is, any fish that falls under the cate-

gory of a "black" bass will almost have

to bow to the superior size of the large-

mouth. The biggest largemouth of the

year was caught by R. P. Bolton, of

Bainbridge, at Lake Seminole. Mr. Bol-

ton's Junker weighed in at a whopping

15 lbs. 10 ozs. and earns him the Garcia

trophy and a rod and reel for the largest

black bass caught last year.

The Pflueger trophy for the largest

white bass goes to William H . Harris,

Jr. of Cornelia. Bill hooked a 4 lb. 15

oz. white bass on a "Thin Fin" at Lake

Lanier on March 31, 1969. He's also

earned himself a Pflueger Supreme reel and rod and the encouragement to go out j:lnd fish a little harder this year. He's only three ounces under the world's record! (Old state record , 4 lb. 14 ozs., 1966, tied, 1968.)
In the bream category, we've had some strange goings on this year. The ,old state record for the bluegill was set by Lee Barry, of Milledgeville, with a 2 lb. 8 oz. entry in 1965. Then along comes a friend of Mr. T. E. Shaffer, (now deceased), of Cuthbert, Ga. who claimed the record for Mr. Shaffer. He caught a 2 lb. 9 oz. bluegill at Vernon Phillip's Pond in Springvale, Ga. 'way back in June, 1942. The weight of the fish was recorded and authenticated, and the mounted trophy has been the pride of Cuthbert all these years. The record has been set straight, but the fish wasn't able to bold the title long, because now comes J. Terry Cantrell, of Atlanta, to claim the record with a
That is a heap of fish! Ben Patrick, of Tifton, strains to hold up the 39 lb. 3 oz. channel catfish he caught at Patrick's Lake near Brookfield, giving Georgia her first official state record for this species. Ben celebrated the fourth of July by catching the fish; we'll help him celebrate his good fortune by awarding him a reel and rod from Garcia Corp. with their .. . and our compliments.

bream he caught in 1965! Mr. Cantrell's

bluegill weighed 2 lbs. 15Vz ozs. and

was caught in the Okefenok!!e Swamp.

But that's not the end of the story!

Even though Mr. Cantrell's fish estab-

lished a new state record, his was not

the largest bluegill entered in the contest

in 1969. That distinction goes to Mr. M.

R. Gazaway, of Atlanta, who caught a 1

lb. 14 oz. bluegill at Lake Shamrock in

Jonesboro on July 14, 1969. Now comes

the finishing touch that makes a contest

judge's life a thing of beauty and a joy

to behold! Since the bream category in-

cludes also the redear and shellcracker

as well as the bluegill, this year's prize

of a Pflueger rod and reel goes to Mr.

Harold Griggs, of Marietta, who caught

a 2 lb. 12 oz. shellcracker at Stewart

Murray's Lake on July 16, 1969. Mr.

Griggs will receive a Garcia Ambassa-

de!lr 5000 reel and rod for his prize.

The catfish judging was also fairly

easy to establish, and also gave us a new

State Record for channel catfish. This

big baby was a 39 lb. 3 oz. whopper

caught by Ben Patrick, of Tifton, at Pa-

trick's Lake in Brookfield, Ga. on July

4, 1969. (Old record, not official.) Ben

wins Ol!r congratulations and a Garcia

rod and reel for his very impressive

catch.

The final category was trout, and this

brought a few problems, too. Up 'till

now, the largest brook trout caught in

Georgia weighed 2 lb. 1 oz. , caught by

Jay Tipton, of Smryna, in 1967. Bob

Townsend, of Atlanta, upset that with

his "brookie" of 3 lbs. 5 ozs. , caught in

Cooper's Cree~ on April 6, 1969.

But Barry Lowe, 1Z years old, of

Lithonia, decided he'd take a crack at it,

and landed a 3 lb. 12 oz. brook in Moc-

casin Creek on April 12, thus establish-

ing a new State Record.

The largest brown trout entered in

1969 was caught by Jame~ A. Braselton,

of Winder. James' trout weighed in at 5

lbs. 10 ozs., and he caught him in

Dick's Creek, July 19, 1969. To the vic-

tor goes the spoils, however, and the

winner of the largest trout category is

Rolli~ W. Newberry, of Smyrna. Hollis

whipped down a 12 lb. rainbow on the

Coosawattee River in April, the open-

ing day of the trout season last year,

and he will be presented a Pflueger Su-

preme rod and reel for his catch.

Well, that about wraps it up for 1969.

We're going full steam ahead into a

brand new fishing season here in 1970,

and I for one am quite confident we'll

be seeing some more records toppling

this year. There's a good chance we may

even see some new world records estab-

lished. Certainly we're close to them,

and I think they're out there, waiting

for the right person to come along at

the right time. Who knows . . . that

oerson may just be . . . You! Good

Luck.

).Q

Minimum Weiaht for Certificate State Records

World's Record

5 !h. BASS, FLINT RIVER SMALLMOUTH

I lbl., I OZI.-1. E. McCormick,

lrlffln, Flint Rlnr,

Merch I, 1111

Ne ReceN

10 lbs. IISS, UIIIEMOUTN 22 lbs. 4 eZI.-IIHrp PtrrJ, lniiiSWick, Mellie. ., Like, June 2, 1n2. Wert~ hcoN.

Slllle

Secenll-17 1'1. 14 tZI., Nickle lick, Mlrllt11, Cklltlln'l Llkl, a,rll 27, 1115

TkiN-17 1111. I tZI., EmorJ DunekOo, Cainenllle, Like Llnllr, Dec. 11, 1115

5 1111. BASS, SMALLMOUTH I lbs., S OZI.-Jickll R. Suits, FrJ, Llkl Blue Rld11, Oec. 11,1118

5 1'1. BASS, SPOnED 7 lbs. 8 011.-Daneld Pelmer, Cllvelend, Little Testltee R., ..., 20,1111

......

20 1'1. oBnASnlS's, .,SDTORuIPc.E-D-leIlIlYriar,. wn,
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lr Jlkn I. Cecllaln~, Jr., 111111,
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R.

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."' BLUEIILL

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o on

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S~rCrllk,
""' 17, 1117
11 1111. 3C1ATIlFlIsS.,H3CaHuA.-NBNEeLn Petrick,
ntton, Petrick's Like, Julr 4, 1111

511111. s tZI.
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15 ..... camsH. FUTHUD 21 Ills., 0 on.-Jamts Cklstlin, Marietta, Like Blue lldlt, Mlr21,1111

CUPPII, IUCI 4 1111. 3 tZI.,

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4 lbs., 4 oz. - C~arlts McCuiiDUI~.

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llh.3tZI.

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II lllllp Like, Jnl, 1117 It 1'1. 15 en.

S 1111. PICKEREL, CHAIN (JACIFISH) tllll.len.-llller McllUIII, J~ Homerville Fn., 1111, wert~ IIICerll

11M

41111. SAUCER Ne Official 11111 ltceN

1 lbs. 5 on.

1'Ia 1111. SUNFISH, REDBREAST Ne Official Stltl Record

111 Record

2 !h. SUNFISH, IEDEAR (SHELLCRACI!U) 2 Ills. 12 on.-C. E. Merris,

1'"11"JI2l,l11P1r7tme PttJ,

4 1'1. 12 en.

11"" TROUT,BROOI 21111. 3 lbs., 12 azs.-Berz Lowe
Llthonle, Maccesln reek, Aprll12, 1111

14111s. I en.

11"" TROUT, BlOWN

."'s "'

111111., 3 IZI. Will... M. LIWirJ, lllrlltta,

bell Crtlll, 111J I, 1117

241'" TROUT, IAINIOW 12 ln. 4 en.-Jekl Wkltlktr, Ellll1, C_.Wittll IIYir,

..., 1,1111

:Jt Ills I en. 31 "'

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WALLEYE 5 "' 11 1'1.-Steftn IIIRIJ,
Atll1t1. Leke rten, a,ru 13, 1113

25 l's.

By Marvin Tye

Would you like to catch a large bass, your limit of trout, or a good string of white bass? The experts say that the Georgia angler's chances have never been better than they are this year.
According to Fisheries Chief Leon Kirkland , prospects for fishing in all of Georgia's trout streams should be better than last year. "All of them offer excellent fishing," he said. "We have stocked more trout this year than ever before. It would be hard to pick the best fishing spot. That would depend on what you are looking for."
He went on to explain that if you were looking for developed camping areas and did not mind plenty of company when fishing, Tallullah River or Cooper's Creek might be just the place you're looking for. On the other band, if you are looking for productive fishing in a wilderness setting, there are a number of streams that will offer just what you want.
The Chattahoochee tailwaters below Buford Dam offer the best stream fishing for Junker trout. In comparing this stretch of water to the tailwaters below Hartwell Dam, Kirkland said that portion of the Chattahoochee offers better fishing because it is managed as a trout stream. The tailwaters below Hartwell are open to angling the entire year.
Several streams have been added to the list of those that are open the entire year. New additions are Toccoa River, Coosa Creek, and several others. A complete Jist of these is contained in the Trout Fishing Regulations published by the Game and Fish Commission. These can be obtained by writing or vtsttmg any Commission office or fishing license dealer.
Trout season on all other streams except those on wildlife management areas opens April 1 and closes Oct. 3. Fishing on the managed area streams begins on May 3. The table on page 17 gives the dates on which each individual stream will be open.
More than 700,000 catchable-size trout will be stocked in Georgia streams during the 1970 season. Lake Lanier received 85,000 trout and should provide some good fishing during the summer months. The trout were placed in the lower end of the lake below the highway 53 bridge-the majority of them

Frequent stocking plus thorough study by fisheries management personnel should insure good fishing on the mountain trout streams in the northern portion of the state. (Photo By Ted Borg)
The tailwaters of the Chattahoochee River below Buford Dam should provide excellent trout fishing this season. There will be plenty of average size trout and a number of lunker specimens waittng for the angler's lure. (Photo By Jim Morrison)

13

That old favorite the bream is abundant in all of Georgia's major reservoirs and countless smaller ponds. Good catches like this should be fairly easy to come by for the serious fisherman who is familiar with this fish's habits. (Photo By Ted Borg)

below Brown's Bridge. Anglers must throw back any trout under 14 inches taken on a major reservoir. No more than eight trout per day can be taken by any angler on lakes or streams.
If you want to catch a Junker largemouth, Kirkland suggests four lakes as best bets. These are Lanier, Hartwell, Seminole, and Walter F. George. Seminole and Lanier, the two oldest lakes have produced some of the largest bass taken in the state. The third largest bass ever recorded in Georgia was a 17 lb. 9 oz. specimen taken by Emory Dunaboe on Dec. 19, 1965. The 1969 big-fish contest winner was a 15 lb. 10 oz. largemouth taken at Lake Seminole. The world's record largemouth, as most fishermen know, weighed 22 lbs. 4 ozs. and was taken by George Perry 38 years ago on Montgomery Lake near Lumber City, Ga. This lake no longer exists.
Lakes Hartwell and Walter F. George are both fairly new lakes, still in the bot stage and providing a lot of fast action with an exploding bass population. Each lake is capable of producing a number of bass of 10 pounds or more this season.
In addition to good fishing for largemouths, most of the state's reservoirs provide good fishing for white bass, crappie, and several other species of freshwater gamefish. Lake Lanier has produced more than its share of large white bass including the current state record, a 4 lb. 15 oz. specimen taken by William H. Harris, Jr. on March 31, 1969.
The top lakes for catching white bass -in addition to Lanier-are Sinclair, Clark Hill, and Walter F. George.
Saltwater fishing varies little from year to year. Each summer anglers take large numbers of Spanish mackerel and other gamefish when fishing off the Georgia Coast. The best way for a beginner to break into this game is to fish out of a fishing camp such as Kip's Fish camp at Shellman's Bluff. Guides are available at such locations and they can put you into the fish.
Several Georgia lakes now have striped bass in them . . . but this species is so new that chances are slim of catching anything but a juvenile of two pounds or less. All stripers of less than 15 inches taken from fresh-water lakes must be released immediately. There is now a daily bag limit of five on stripers.
In order to produce excellent striped bass fishing for the future, the State Game and Fish Commission requests anglers to cooperate by returning small stripers to the water unharmed. Striped bass are frequently confused with white bass, a close cousin. Striped bass, however, are more slender for their length.
Whatever your pleasure, bass or trout -fresh water or salt, Georgia bas much to offer. )0.

the outdoor world
Tailer Trophy Inaugurated
BRUNSWICK, Ga. At a recent meeting, the Coastal Area Sport Fishing Federation voted to inaugurate a D r. William Tailer Memorial Trophy. This trophy will be presented to the individual, establishment, or group doing the most to promote sport fishing throughout the year in the Coastal Area. A replica of the original trophy will be presented anpually to the nominee selected by a panel of judges.
Any citizen or group can nominate the individual, group, or establishment they wish to be honored by writing to the Coastal Area Sport Fishing Federation explaining why their nominee snould receive the Dr. William Tailer Memorial Trophy. The letter will then be turned over to the panel of judges who shall evaluate each one and decide the winner. The presentation will be made at the winter meeting of the Federation.
Send letters to the Coastal Area Sport Fishing Federation, P.O. Box 1011, Brunswick, Georgia 31520.
Land Use Symposium Set
ATHENS ... A Symposium set up to achieve an understanding of the needs for and to explore various facets of land use planning has been scheduled for July 6-7 at the Center for Continuing Education, University of Georgia, Athens according to Frank E. Craven, Macon, general chairman of the Symposium.
The program agenda has been designed to be of interest to planning agencies, conservationists, government agencies, industry and the general public. The meeting was initiated by the Georgia Chapter, Soil Conservation Society of America the Georgia Institute of Community and Area Development, University of Georgia. Co-sponsors include the Georgia Association of Soil and Water Conservation Districts, Association of Courity Commissioners in Georgia, Georgia Conservancy, Georgia Regional Development Association, deorgia Forestry Association, Georgia Sportsmen's Federation and the Georgia Outdoor Writers Association.
Major topics to be explored include a case for Rural Land Use Planning, a Professional Conservationists Interest in

Land Use Planning, Priorities on Uses of Land Space, Urban-Rural Land Use Relationships and the Need for Compromise-A Generalists Viewpoint.
Other topics are Flood Plain Land Use Planning, Land Use Planning for the Coastal Tidelands, Implications of the Land and Water Conservation Needs Inventory, Use of the SoilSurvey in Land Use Planning and Maintaining an Environment of High Quality through Land Use Planning.
Concluding the two day session, papers will be presented on Putting Land Use Plahs into Operation and Using Resources for the Benefit of the Total Public.
Speakers will include several well known land planners and conservationists from Ceorgia.
President Nixon in his recent message to Congress said "Like those in the last century who tilled a plot of land to exhaustion and then moved on to another, we in this century have too casually and too long abused our natural environment. The time has come when we can wait no longer to repair the damage already done and to establish new criteria to guide us in the future". Georgia's Land Use Planning Symposium will explore the need for comprehensive land planning in Georgia made nece sary by the State's surge in population and industry coupled with Georgian's more leisure time and income, according to Craven.
COR RECT ION
In answer to a letter in the February is sue, reference was made to the apathy of certain county officials as well as the At torney General. This department regrets that this statement was included in the answer. A former employee was apparently expressing his own opinion and this statement does not reflect the feelings of our Commission.
Generally speaking, this department receives excellent cooperation from county officials. In addition, the Attorney General, who was specifically referred to in the statement, has cooperated completely and this department is indebted to him and his staff for their assistance. With the help of the Attorney General's office this department has been able to confiscate and sell over 100 automobiles which were being used in violation of the wildlife laws. These cars were taken during the past two years.
The printing of this statement was unfortunate, and we offer our sincere apologies to anyone who might have been offended by its publication.

LESS CRI PPLI NG I have just received my January issue of Georgia Game & Fish and as always thoroughly enjoyed it. There was one letter in the "Sportsmen Speak" section which really caught my attention . It was under the caption Bowhunting Waste by Jimmy S. Carter of Kathleen, Ga. Undoubtedly he doesn't know that most bowhunters won't shoot at a deer at over 30 to 40 yards at the farthest, and most wait for closer shots. At that distance most bowhunters can easily put their arrow in the deer's vital area. I strongly believe there is less crippling from bowhunting than from gun hunting because of the distance. I am a member of the "New Echota Warhawks Archery Club", the G.B.A. and N.F.A.A. I would like to make the comment that if Mr. Carter should try bowhunting he would not feel that it should be bucks only for bowhunters. Archery is a greatly increasing sport. Keep up the good work on your magazine.
Benny Caldwell Fairmount, Ga.
In reference to Mr. Carter's letter on Bowhunting Waste, I'll have to say it riled my fletching. First off, in my opinion, I feel the game biologists are competent in determining when and where there are ample deer, permitting an either sex hunt. Secondly, it's evident Mr. Carter has never hunted with a bow. I know of no bow hunter that can justly say doe and fawn are easy prey, unless he means with a gun . And third, any true sportsman will exert all effort and ability to track down a wounded animal, deer or whatever. I enjoy both gun and bowhunting and I'll have to honestly say I know of more gun hunters than bowhunters wounding and never finding deer.
Keep up the good work in Game & Fish.
Larry Slaughter Conyers, Ga.
Introduced to the Georgia Game & Fish magazine through a gift subscription from a friend, I have thoroughly enjoyed it. Nowhere today does such a value exist for less than ten cents a copy.
You people are providing a real service to the Georgia sportsman. At last he is being made aware of current or planned projects which affect his future recreational environment. It is only through publications like yours that interested individuals can be stirred to express viewpoints regarding the pollution of air and water, and the destruction of natural wooded areas to those in responsible positions.
I regret that every Georgia sportsman has not had the opportunity to see first hand the serious effects of neglect in areas of air and water pollution that some sections of this country are suffering. Keep up the good work.
C. K. Murray Lomita, Calif.
SO CALLED SPORTSM EN Another deer season has come to an end with not too many complications such as bad accidents and serious injuries to many hunters. But for many deer in this state, they were not as lucky. Being a native Georgian I have hunted deer in this state for nearly twenty years and have been fairly successful as a deer hunter. With several nice trophies in my den, one of which ranks with the largest ever to be killed in Georgia, I have had my day in the woods after Georgia whitetails and have enjoyed every minute of it. Trying to abide by state rules and regulations, cooperating with other hunters and doing what I could to help anyone whom I came in contact with deer hunting.

15

Georgia's Game and Fish Commission is to be commended for the job they are doing with the few personnel that they have to operate with . Without the Game and Fish Commission, lots of successful hunters would not be so successful. They have or have helped to make this state a hunters paradise .
Never have I been so disgusted this past season with some of the cases of which I personally know, since I have been deer hunting. Some of these guys like to brag about this stuff, they really think they are doing something big. They are only hurting themselves and future generations. I am speaking of taking well over the limit of deer. I personally know of cases of hunters taking four, five, and six deer, two of this six were does left lying in the woods. This nut really thinks he has done something and would you believe another case? One hunter kills nine deer, sex not known . These guys call themselves deer hunters or sportsmen . To me they are thieves with no respect to the law or to anyone else, especially to law abiding hunters who obey rules and regulations. The state has enough problems with wild dogs, out of season poaching, etc., without having the season open and a lot of hunters trying to see just how many deer they can kill. The average family should get along on the meat of the two legal deer a person is allowed. If they cannot, a hunter should be working instead of hunting to provide for his family. With the attitude of some hunters, or if all hunters had the attitude of some, there may not be many deer left to hunt.
I watched a small buck with three to four inch spikes browse around for ten minutes this year. I would not shoot this deer because I was sure I would see a larger deer, maybe one of these chaps who seem to not kill enough will get him next year. So I saw about 40 deer during this past season but I did not see a buck I wanted to kill and I did not want a doe. Leave them for the guys who are trying to set a record for the most killed in one season.
If some of these record hunters could be brought before some grand jury for excessive deer kills, there might be more deer for all hunters.
I would like to see this little gripe of mine published or any part of it in the Game & Fish magazine for the simple reason maybe some of these record hunters will think before they try to rid the state of our most prized game animal.
Please omit my name for apparent reasons.
A Conservationist
I live in Clayton, Ga. My letter to you is about our deer herd. I have lived and hunted in Rabun County for all my life. For the past few years I have noticed that the population of the deer has decreased each year. The problem is because of deer being killed by poachers. I have heard of as many as a dozen being killed in one night. It is not just one person or one group of persons but it seems like everyone kills them like that. I do a lot of hunting and I believe that in another year or two a deer will be extinct. When a hunter goes hunting several times and doesn't see anything to shoot it is very discouraging.
Before and after deer season deer are killed by the hundreds. I hear of, and know of, people that shoot deer and leave them laying there and laugh about it and brag about it. It seems like people are trying to see who can kill the most. Please do not mention my name to any one about this, I am not and will not mention any names. This is my opinion; I think that deer season should be closed about two or three years to give the deer a chance to multiply back again.

Please let me know of your concern in this

matter.

Name Withheld at Request

YOUNG DEER HUNTER

I would like to express my feelings about

your magazine. It is the most interesting

magazine on hunting you can buy. It gives

good stories, colorful pictures, and dates of

the hunting seasons. You people of State

Game and Fish Commisson do not get

enough credit on the fabulous work you do

in your editorial work.

I'm only fifteen years old and I'm trying

to become a good and successful deer

hunter.

Terry Stephens

Covington , Ga.

ENFORCE LAWS I was just reading in the January Game & Fish that money was needed for conservation of wildlife. As a sportsman, I try to abide by the State Game and Fish laws. We have a no dog deer season in Telfair County which I am in favor of, but no one seems to be enforcing the law. I would like to see something done to enforce laws. At least try.
Paul Powell Lumber City, Ga.

TOURNAMENTS TABOO . Thanks a lot for a great magazine. I have been a subscriber since the very beginning and look forward to each edition. I would appreciate your publishing my comments regarding bass fishing tournaments.
I know you are familiar with the fishing tournaments sponsored on our public lakes in Georgia and other southern states; and I would like to call your attention to a practice that disturbs me quite a bit concerning
these tournaments.
Certain individuals and clubs promote bass fishing tournaments throughout the South annually; and for the past three or four years, they have been fishing Lake Seminole at Bainbridge, Georgia , and the Walter F. George Reservoir at Ft. Gaines. The way this tournament is conducted is that 100 to 200 professiona I bass fishermen pay $125 fee to enter these tournaments; and for three days, the lakes are fished by these highly professional experts catching as many as 15 bass a day with no thought to the future effect of the fishing of the local anglers; and I feel that this is a practice that should be stopped. This year, there is a tournament scheduled for March 19, 20, 21 at Lake Sem inole; and the reason for this late March schedule is that last year they held the tournament in February and had very inclement weather which reduced the catch to only 700 to 800 bass. However, this year, the plans call for late March so they will have more agreeable weather and can increase the catch to an estimated 1500 to 2500 bass.
Now, I do not think this is right for these professionals to raid our public lakes catching these bass before they have had a chance to spawn. I would estimate that if they catch 1500 bass that at least 800 of these bass would be females loaded with eggs.
I feel that this will curtail the bass fishing in Lake Seminole for the next four or five years. I certainly have no objections to competitive tournaments and sport fishing; but I feel that it should be regulated with certain rules laid down to see that our lakes are not depleted of these egg laying bass.
What I propose is that these tournament promoters place an umpire in each fishing boat to record and weigh each bass caught and then release these bass unharmed so that these fish can go on to lay their eggs; and then the weekend fisherman will have an opportunity to catch these fish at a later

date. To improve on this further, I would also recommend that since these men are professionals and capable of catching fish against great odds that the barbs be filed from the hooks of the plugs to insure that these fish will be unharmed when released.
What about it local bass fishermen? Don't you think it's time we did something to stop this wholesale slaughter?
John Turner Albany, Ga.
TREES CUT IN LAKES? During the last 12 years I have visited the Clark Hill Reservoir numerous times to fish for crappie and all species of bass. Cold weather or hot, I fish whenever I have any spare time. As all fishermen know, there are times when crappie and / or bass are caught more frequently around trees in deep water. My question is who had the right to cut the tops from the trees in the reservoir and for what reason were they cut? If it was for safety of those who ski or to prevent someone from damaging a boat and motor, it appears to me the purpose was defeated. If the water level is below normal, 330' is full stage, then there is danger of hitting a submerged snag that has been left submerged due to cutting and left unmarked. When the reservoir is full or above normal, then some of the better fishing areas cannot be found due to the tree top being cut below water level. There are lots more fishermen than there are skiers and if a skier couldn't see a tree top, then I say he has no business being on the water anyway. For the benefit of local fishermen and especially visiting fishermen who have no idea where the submerged trees are, I think the areas should be marked by some means so that they can be found at all seasons. After expressing my views with others who fish in the areas I do, I feel that I am expressing their views also. I wish to express my appreciation for the Game & Fish magazine. I think you are doing a good job and I look forward to receiving it each month. I am always interested in the articles about fishing in our state.
M. E. Hall Martinez, Ga. 30907
Tops of trees weren't cut off in any Corps of Engineers lakes as far as we know. As many trees as feasible were left in the water to create good fishing spots. Over the years, however, trees do rot and break off, usually about the water line where the wood is attacked by both air and water. There's no way to prevent this. We might suggest that you contact Corps of Engineers and request that they mark these broken off trees so there'll be less hazard for boaters, and aid fishermen in finding good spots.
Sportsman's
Calendar
SEASONS OPENING THIS MONTH
Season-April 27-May I, 1970 on Blue Ridge, Chattahoochee, Johns Mountain, and Chestatee, Wildlife Management areas only. Bag Limit-One (I) turkey gobbler. Season-April 18-May 2, 1970 in Banks, Chattooga, Dawson, Fannin, Floyd, Franklin, Gilmer, Gordon, Habersham, Lumpkin, Murray, Rabun, Stephens, Towns, Union, Walker, White, and Whitfield Counties. Bag Limit-One ( 1) turkey gobbler.

Season-April 20-25, 1970 on Piedmont
National Wildlife Refuge only. Bag Limit-One (1) turkey gobbler.
Season-April 13-18, 1970 on Clark Hill
Wildlife Management Area only. Bag Limit-One (1) turkey gobbler.

TROUT

0 pen Stream Season-April 1, 1970

through October 3, 1970.

.

Creel Limit-Eight (8) trout of all species

per day. Possession limit-8.

(Management Area Streams-Open on

scheduled days, May 2-Sept. 7, 1970.)

Arrowhead Public Fishing Area April 1-

0ct. 31.

SEASONS NOW OPEN

TURKEY

Turkey: March 14-April 11, 1970 in Ben Hill Brantley, Camden, Coffee, Charlton, Dodge, Pierce, Stewart, Telfair, Wilcox and Decatur counties. Only that portion of Clinch and Echols counties lying East of U. S. 441 and South of Ga. 94. Bag Limit-One (1) turkey gobbler.
Turkey: March 28-April 25, 1970 in Chattahoochee, Columbia, Houston, Lincoln, Marion, McDuffie, Muscogee, Talbot, Twiggs, Upson, Warren, Wilkes, Taliaferro, and Wilkinson counties.
McDuffie Public Fishing Area Open March 1-Nov. 1.

SPECIAL EVENTS
Annual Lake Seminole Carporee Bowfishing Contest at Wingate's Lodge April 11-12, 1970. Open to the public.

Management Area
BLUE RIDGE

Stre;~m
Jones Creek (Artificial Lures)
Montgomery

MIJ Sat., Sun.
Wed., Thurs.

Nimblewill

Sat., Sun.

Noontootley

Wed . Thurs.

(Artificial lures) Sat., Sun.

{Catch and Release)

Rock Creek

Wed . Thurs. Sat., Sun.

CHATTAHOOCHEE Chattahoochee

CHESTATEE

Dukes Boggs Dicks

Waters

LAKE BURTON

Di cks Moccasin

Wildcat

LAKE RUSSELL

Middle Broad

WARWOMAN

Finney sarahs

sat., Sun. Wed., Thurs. Wed. , Thurs. sat., Sun. Sat.. Sun. Wed. , Thurs. Sat., Sun.
Sat. Sun. Wed. Sat., Sun. Wed. , Thurs.

June Sat., Sun.
Wed., Thurs. Sat., Sun. Wed., Thurs. Sat., Sun.
Wed ., Thurs . Sat., Sun.
Wed. Sat., Sun. Wed., Thurs. Wed ., Thurs. sat., Sun. sat., Sun. Wed. , Thurs. Sat., Sun.
Sat., Sun.
Wed. Sat., Sun. sat., Sun.
sat., Sun.

Julr Sat., Sun. Wed., Thurs. Sat., Sun.
Wed., Thurs.
Sat., Sun.
Wed . Thurs. Sat., Sun.
Sat., Sun. Wed ., Thurs. Wed., Thurs. Sat., Sun. Sat., sun. Wed., Thurs. Sat., Sun. Sat.. Sun. Wed. Sat., Sun.
Wed., Thurs. Wed., Thurs.

Auaust Sat., Sun. Wed. , Thurs. Sat., Sun. Wed., Thurs. Sat., Sun.
Wed. , Thurs. Sat., Sun .
Sat., Sun. Wed., Thurs. Wed., Thurs. sat., Sun. Sat., Sun. Wed. , Thurs. Sat., Sun. Sat., Sun. Wed. Sat., Sun. Sat., Sun. Sat., Sun.

September
(Sat., Sept. 5; Sun., Sept. 6; Mon., Sept. 7)
(Wed., Sept. 2; Thurs . Sept. 3: Mon., Sept. 7)
(Sat., Sept. 5; Sun., Sept. 6; Mon., Sept. 7)
(Wed ., Sept. 2; Thurs. Sept. 3: Sal., Sept. 5; Sun., Sept. 6; Mon., Sept. 7)
(Wed., Sep t. 2; Thurs Sept. 3; Sat .. Sept. 5; Sun., Sept. 6; Mon., Sept. 7)
(Sat., Sept. 5; Sun., Sept. 6; Mon., Sept. 7)
(Wed., Sept. 2; Thurs., Sept. 3)
(Wed., Sept. 2; Thurs.. Sept. 3)
(Sat., Sept. 5; Sun., Sept. 6; Mon.. Sept. 7)
(Sat., Sept. 5; Sun., Sept. 6; Mon., Sept. 7l
(Wed., Sept. 2; Thurs . Sept. 3)
(Sat., Sept. 5; Sun., Sept. 6: Mon .. Sept . 7)
(Sat . Sept. 5; sun .. Sept. 6; Mon., Sept. 7)
(Wed .. Sept. 2; Sat., Sept. 5; Sun., Sept. 6; Mon .. Sept. 7)
(Wed.. Sept. 2; Thurs., Sept. 3; Mon .. Sept. 7)

Walnut Fork and Hoods Creek
Tuckaluge

Wed . Thurs. Sat., Sun. Closed

Wed. , Thurs. Closed

!Sat .. Sept. 5; Sun., Sept. 6; Mon. , Sept. 7)

TIDE TABLE

APRIL, 1970

APR.- MAY 1970

MAY, 1970

HIGH WATER

LOW WATER

Day

A.M. HT. P.M. HT. A.M. P.M.

GEORGIA COASTAL WATERS HOW TO USE THESE TABLES

HIGH WATER

LOW WATER

Day

A.M. HT. P.M. HT. A.M. P.M.

1. Wed. 3:30 6.7 3:54 6.4 10:00 10:24

2. Thurs. 4:42 7.0 5:06 7.0 11;00 11:24
3. Fri. 5:42 7.4 6:00 7.7 11:54 ....

4. Sat. 6:36 7.7 6:54 8.2 12:18 12:42

5. Sun. 7:24 7.8 7:42 8.5 1;12 1:30

6. Mon . 8:06 7.4 8:24 8.5 2:00 2:18

7. Tues. 8:48 7.4 9:06 8.3 2;48 3:00

8. Wed. 9;30 7.0 9:48 8.0 3:30 3:42

9. Thurs. 10;12 6.5 10:36 7.5 4:18 4:24

10. Fri. 11 :00 6.0 11:18 7.0 5:00 5:12

ll.Sat. 11:48 5.6

5:48 6:00

12. Sun. 12:12 6.6 12:42 5.3 6.42 6:54

13. Mon. 1:00 6.2 1:42 5.2 7:42 8:00

14. Tues. 2:00 6.0 2:42 5.3 8:42 9:00

15. Wed. 3:00 5.9 3:48 5.5 9:36 10:00

16. Thurs. 4:00 6.0 4:42 5.9 10:24 10:48

17. Fri. 4:54 6.2 5:30 6.4 ll :12 11 :36

18. Sat. 5:36 6.4 6:12 6.8 11:48 .. . .

19. Sun. 6:18 6.6 6:42 7.2 12:18 12:30

20. Mon. 6:54 6.7 7:18 7.5 1;00 1:06

21. Tues. 7;30 6.7 7:54 7.7 1:42 1:48

22. Wed. 8;06 6.7 8:30 7.8 2:24 2:42

23. Thurs. 8:42 6.5 9:12 7.7 3:06 3:00

24. Fri. 9:24 6.4 9:54 7.6 3:54 3:48

25 . Saf. 10;12 6.2 10:48 7.3 4:36 4:30

26. Sun . 11 :12 6.1 11:48 7.1 5;30 5:30
27 . Mon. . . .. . . 12:12 6.0 6;24 6:30

28. Tue. 12:54 6.8 12:24 6.1 7:36 7:48

29. Wed. 2:06 6.7 2:36 6.4 8:42 9:00

30. Thurs. 3:12 6.7 3:42 6.8 9:42 10:06

The calculations are for the outer bar. Find the reading for the desired tide . In the table below find the number of minutes to add to correct for the place you are going to fish or
swim. The outer bar calculation, plus this cor rection, gives the correct reading for the point desired.

Adjust For Daylight Saving Time By Addmg One Hour

CORRECTION TABLE

The times given are for Savannah River

entrance (Tybee) .

Hrs . Min.

Savannah High . . . Savannah (Low) . .

0 *

44 57

Hilton Head , S . C. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 0 10

Thunderbolt . . . . . . . . . .. . .

0 20

Isle of Hope . . . . .

0 ~g

Warsaw Sound .

... ... .. ... .. . 0

Ossabaw Sound

...... ...

0 05

Vernon View

. . . . . . . . . . . 0 35

Coffee BIuff . .

0 55

Ogeechee River Bridge

3 50

St. Catherine Sound

. . . . . . . . . . . 0 25

Sapelo Sound

0 00

Brunswick Bar

0 00

St. Simon Pier . Frederica Bridge . . . . .

;g 0 25
0

McKay Bridge . . . . . . . .

0

Brunswick East River . . .

0 50

Turtle River Bridge .

0 55

Turtle River, Crispen Is.

1 10

Humpback Bridge . . . .

1 00

Jekyll Point

0 30

Jointer Island

. .

55

Hampton River Village Creek Ent.

0 20

Village Fishing Camp . . . . .

0 45

Taylor F is hin ~ Camp

1 00

Altamaha Fishing Park , Eve rett, Ga . 4 00

Two-Way Fishing Camp , S. Altamaha 2 00

Full

Last

New First

Moon Quarter Moon Quarter

1. Fri. 4:24 6.9 4:48 7.4 10:36 11:06
2. Sat. 5:24 7.1 5:42 7.9 11 :24 . ...
3. Sun. 6:12 7.2 6:30 8.3 12:00 12:18 4. Mon. 7:00 7.2 7:18 8.5 12;54 1:00 5. Tues. 7:42 7.1 8:00 8.4 1;42 1:48 6. Wed. 8:24 6.8 8:42 8.2 2;30 2:30 7. Thurs. 9:06 6.5 9:24 7.8 3;12 3:18
8. Fri. 9:48 6.1 10:06 7.4 3:54 4:00 9. Sat. 10:30 5:8 10:48 7.0 4:36 4:42 10. Sun. 11:18 5.6 11;36 6.6 5:24 5:30
11. Mon. . .. . .. 12:12 5.4 6:06 6:18
12. Tues. 12:24 6.3 1:06 5.4 7:00 7:18
13. Wed. 1:12 6.1 2:00 5.5 7:54 8:18 14. Thurs. 2:06 6.0 2:54 5.7 8:48 9;18
15. Fri. 3:00 5.9 3:48 6.1 9;36 10:12
16. Sat. 3;54 6.0 4:42 6.5 10:24 11:00
17. Sun . 4:48 6.1 5:24 7.0 11 :06 11 :48
18. Mon. 5;36 6.3 6:12 7.4 11 :48 . ...
19. Tues 6:18 6.4 6:48 7.7 12:30 12:30 20. Wed. 7:00 6.5 7:30 8.0 1:18 1;12
21. Thurs. 7:42 6.5 8:12 8.1 2:06 2:00
22. Fri . 8;24 6.5 9:00 8.0 2:48 2:42
23 . Sat. 9:12 6.4 9:48 7.8 3:36 3:30 24. Sun. 10:06 6.4 10:42 7.5 4.24 ~:24
25. Mon . 11:06 6.3 11:42 7.2 5:18 5:24
26. Tues. .... .. 12:12 6.4 6;12 6:24
27. Wed. 12:42 7.0 1:18 6.5 7:12 7:36 28. Thurs. 1:48 6.8 2:18 6.8 8;18 8:48
29. Fri. 2:54 6.6 3:24 7.1 9:12 9:48 30. Sat. 3;54 6.5 4:30 7.5 10;12 10:48
31. Sun. 4:54 6.5 5:24 7.8 11:00 11:42

APR.

1 7 14 23

MAY

5 13 21 27

To report violations or if you need assistance in the Coastal Area - Call - State Game & Fish Commission , Brunswick , Georgia ,

P. 0. Box 1097, Phone 265-1552 , Savannah 233-2383 , Richmond Hill 756-3679.