Georgia game and fish [Vol. 5, no. 10 (Oct. 1970)]

GEORGIA

OCTOBER,1970

~GEORGIA
~GAME&FISH

October 1970

Volume V

Number 10

CONTENTS

Don't Pass the Salt Drawing A Bead On '70

.... Bob Wilson 1 Marvin Tye 4

Set Your Sights On Success

.Aaron Pass 7

Yours For Using .

. . ....... E. V. Richards 11

Sportsmen Speak . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Outdoor World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Sportsman's Calendar

16

Lester G. Maddox Governor
George T. Bagby Director. State Game & Fish Comm ission

COMMISSIONERS

Clyde Dixon Chairman Cleveland-9th District William Z. Camp, Sec. Newnan-6th District James Darby Vida lia-1st District Dr. Robert A. Collins, Jr. Americus-3rd District Charles L. Davidson, Jr. Avondale Estates-4th District

Richard Tift Vice Chairman Albany-2nd District Rankin M. Smith Atlanta-5th District J. B. Langford Calhoun-7th District Judge Harley Langdale Valdosta-8th District Leonard Bassford Augusta-lOth District

Jimmie Williamson Darien- Coasta I District
TECHNICAL SERVICES DIVISION Jack A. Crockford , Assistant Director
leon Kirkland, Fisheries Chief Hubert Handy, Game Management Chief

LAW ENFORCEMENT DIVISION
Bill Cline, Major Deputy State Chief, Atlanta
J. D. Atchison, Major Deputy State Chief, Metter
David Gould, Major Supervisor of Coastal Fisheries
Brunswick

GEORGIA GAME & FISH STAFF
Dea n Wohlgemuth Editor

Staff Writers

Marvin Tye

Bob Wilson

Aaron Pass

Ted Borg, Photo Editor

Georgia Game ond Fish is the official monthly magazine of the Georg ia Game and Fish Commission, publis hed at the Comm ission's ollices, TrinityWoJhinglon &uilding , 270 Wo1hington St ., .Atlonlo, Goorgio 30334. No odvor #is ing accepted. Subscriptions ore $1 for one year or $2 .50 lor three years. Printed by Stein Printing Company, At/onto , Go. Notifica tion of ocldreu chango mul include both old and now addrou and ZIP cado, with 30 day
notice. No subscription requetts will be accepted without ZIP code. Art icle o_nd photograph may bo ropr intod. Proper crodit 1hould bo givon. Conlribu #tons are welcome , but tl1e editor~ assume no responsibility or liability lor lo., or damage of articles, pltotogroplu, or illustrofions. Secondclau podage poid of .At/onto, Go.

MOUNTAINS OF GLASS
And then there are the mountains. A great range called the Appalachians; beginning far to the north, they find their southern terminus in northern Georgia. Made up of colorfully named smaller ranges like the Adirondacks, the Alleghenys, the Great Smokies, and the Blue Ridge, the whole Appalachian region is a place of incomparable beauty and great fascination to the outdoorsman.
Bear, deer, grouse, and wild turkey still roam the forested slopes much as they did when a trapper named Boone led settlers through Cumberland Gap to the rich lands beyond. Today these green hills and valleys, ridges and coves comprise the last significant upland wilderness area in the populous east, and hold tremendous potential in terms of recreation and scenic value.
There is a strange magnetism about the mountains that draws people to them for many reasons. In the fall hunters search the ridges for grouse and deer, and in the spring fishermen probe the cold, clear streams for trout. Many people, who neither hunt nor fish , are happy to just hike through the mountains for the scenic beauty the mountain environment affords.
This magnetism is best understood by those who feel it. It is, in part, the desire to gaze at a mountain simply because it is a mountain, or to drink from a cold brook to slake a thirst deeper than that for water. Such a wilderness experience in the mountains goes soul deep, and is quite indescribable in mere words. The hunters, fishermen, hikers, and primitive campers are all seekers; they seek a union with nature and the pursuit of their sport in wild solitude, away from the reminders of man.
The fact that the mountains have retained some wilderness quality at all is due to their rugged terrain, which u p to now has made development economically unfeasible. This has been changed recently by an increasing demand for outdoor recreation, and now the mountains present a lucrative opportunity for commercial development. They stand on the verge of a large scale "Recreation Rush", which if not
Continued on page 14
ON THE COVER: Nature dons her most beautiful garb during th is season, giving an extra bonus to the outdoorsman. Forests are resplendant with color, such as they are in this scene of Unicoi lake in the Chattahoochee National Forest in North Georgia. Forests provide hunting, fishing, camping and all manner of opportunities for recreation . See "Yours For Using," Page 11, by E. V. Richards. Photo by Dean Wohlgemuth.
ON THE BACK COVER: Modern day Robin Hoods greet October eagerly . . . it's their time afield. Archery hunting has grown rapidly, not only because of its challenge, but because it adds length to the deer season and proyides a chance to get in some preseas_on scouting for gu n hunts. R1chard Parker of Forest Park, former pres1dent of Georgia Bowhunters Association, is one of Georgia's most enthusiastic bowmen. For a forecast of what hunting is expected to be like this year see Marvin Tye's article, " Drawing A Bead On '70," Page 4. Photo by Dean Wohlgemuth .

We are just now beginning to tap Georgia's saltwater fishing potential. The fishing is good now, and it should be even better in a few more years. The improvements that are necessary are better facilities for offshore fishing, and a means of insuring larger and more numerous concentrations of fish. Private enterprise will take care of improved facilities, and the State Game and Fish Commission is working on the fish concentrations.
Let's take a look at the current situation on Georgia's offshore fishing, and save the improvements for later. Generally adequate facilities for offshore fishing exist at Savannah, Shellman Bluff, and the Brunswick-Darien area.

Fish camps, boats, launching facilities, bait, and other facilities are strung out all along U.S. Highway 17; but individual locations may not have complete facilities. An accompanying chart lists the most current information available. Rental equipment is generally of a suitable type and maintained in good condition. A good number of launching ramps and lifts are available for those who have their own seaworthy boats.
Those who do use their own boat would be well advised to pay careful attention to navigation if they are determined to not use a guide. Much of our coastal area consists of low-lying saltwater marshland with shallow, winding channels. One section looks very much

The action gets fast and furious when a school of Spanish
mackerel is located. This fish runs in large schools and is one of the most popular species off the Georgia coast.

like any other sections and the best offshore fishing is way offshore-and there aren't many other boats to help you if you get in trouble. A good compass and recent charts are necessities, and ship-to-shore radio can be helpful. Charts may be obtained from the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington, D. C.
Sounds like a lot of trouble. Is it really worth it? You better believe it is. Just ask anyone who has pulled in Spanish mackerel until he was exhausted, or fought a hard fighting gamester such as the cobia. You'll get a quick answerand an affirmative one.
The mo t common offshore species found in Georgia water include cobia, Spanish mackerel, king mackerel, little tuna, barracuda , bonita, red grouper, red napper, black ea bass, bluefish, and an occasional sailfish. Although usually considered inshore species, flounder, weakfish, and sheepshead are sometimes found offshore.
Trolling is by far the most popular method of fishing for most offshore species. However, some of the offshore pecies such as red grouper, black sea bass, sheepshead, and flounder are bottom dwellers, and most offshore species can be taken by bottom-fishing at night or early morning. Since trolling techniques are di cussed frequently, let's take a look at other techniques.
The fir t item needed by the offshore fisherman , assuming that he has a boat, is some appropriate tackle. For the larger offshore specie , a rod classed 20
2

Trolling is a favorite
method of fishing the offshore water.
This medium trolling rig is about
right for most of Georgia's saltwater
fishing.
Photo by Ted Borg

to 30 pounds and a reel capable of holding 400 to 600 ft. of braided line. A length of 80 pound test leader is sometimes used to absorb the initial shock of these hard-striking fish. A steel leader and a bait or lure complete the rig. Sometimes a weight is added one to three feet below the bait, and multiplehook rigs are frequently used.
Ah, but what to put on those hooks is the question. For trolling, baloo (ballyhoo), cut bait, plugs, jigs and large spoons are commonly used, with baloo, cut bait and jigs being favorites. For still fishing, spoons and medium weight saltwater spinning gear are used for Spanish mackerel and bluefish, while various baits are effective on bottom dwelling species.
Every fisherman has his favorite baits, but the most common for bottom fishing are shrimp, bait fish, cut bait, and squid. Of these, squid is probably the best for night fishing, and shrimp is generally favored as the best all-round bait. Shrimp, squid, and fish for use as cut bait can be caught by the individual fisherman for his own use, although it is frequently less irritating to purchase bait.
At times, and noticeably so the first part of this year, bait shrimp may be in short supply. Any fisherman may use a power-drawn net, with a mouth not exceeding 10 ft. in width, offshore or in any open sound, to gather bait shrimp. Shrimp taken in this method may not be sold , and possession of such shrimp is

limited to two quarts per person with a maximum of four quarts per boat, regardless of the number of occupants.
If the fi sh are out there already, bow can the fi shing be improved ? Well , it is admittedly a futile proposition to stock fi sh in an y portion of the ocean and expect to catch them again in the same location . The solution is to improve the sea-bottom in order to create more favorable habitat capable of sustaining a larger fi sh population in a high concentr a tion.
Nature, while providing Georgia's offshore waters with a rich food supply and warm waters, failed to provide an uneven bottom which fish seek out as desirable habitat. Fish congregate around natural irregularities in the bottom and shipwrecks and other debris which provide fi sh with hiding places and a concentrated suppl y of food .
Our extensive coastal marshlands provide a continual rich food supply to the sounds and offshore waters. Marine life thrives wherever it can attach itself safe from being covered by the shifting bottom sand . Jf man can provide the marine life with a place to survive above the sa nd bottom , the conditions are right for establishing thriving marine colonies and fish havens.
The State Game and Fish Commission , through its Brunswick office has carried out extensive research , including the collection of marine life samples and actual underwater ex amination and photograph y, and has selected three lo-

King mackerel are among the larger game fish sought by offshore fishermen. These
fish weigh from 7
to 25 pounds and provide excellent sport on medium tackle.
Photo by Bob Wilson
cations for initial test sites of artificial reef materials. Artificial reefs have proven successful in the offshore waters of New Jersey, South Carolina and Florida. Georgia, with the same type of marine life a nd waters, should enjoy similar success.
A number of artificial reef materials have been tested with varying degrees of succes . Obviously, the best materials are tho e which perform satisfactoril y at the least cost. Such cast-offs of modern society as wrecked automobiles immediately come to mind . Other factors be-

sides ready availability must be consid-

ered however. Any number of appar-

ently harmless waste objects of our day

to day life carry polluting agents that

can prove harmful to marine life. Fur-

ther, there is the problem of transport-

ing and placing artificial reef materials

at the desired locations.

Based on studies of previous artificial

reef programs, the State Game and Fish

Commission will use old automobile

tires as the material for its initial test

reefs. The tires are readily available at

little or no cost, are easy to transport

even in a small boat, and do not decom-

pose or injure the marine life. The tires

will be assembled in units of six or

seven tires stacked and connected by

iron rods. Cement weights in the bottom

tire will cause the units to settle on the

bottom in an upright position , being in

effect, a hollow column rising four to

six feet above the seabed.

Soft corals, sponges and other marine

growth already found on the live bot-

tom off Sapelo Island are expected to

quickly attach themselves to these struc-

tures. The fish , both small and large will

seek out such crevices and holes to hide

in . Fish bigger still will be attracted to

the area bythe opportunity to prey upon

the smaller fish . Gamefish that are not

strictly reef dwellers should be found in

the vicinity of such food suppl y areas.

If such artificial reefs prove success-

ful in the test locations, and there is

every reason to believe they will , a num-

ber of full-scale artificial reefs will be

constructed. These improvements

added to our present offshore fi hing

potential should round out Georgia's

fi hing attractions. Georgia holds the

world's freshwater records for large-

mouth bass and chain pickerel , has the

outhernmost trout steams ea t of the

Mississippi , and the saltwater fishing

potential is just plain great.

....;.

This is an average catch of Spanish mackerel for two boats
in a day's fishing. These fish are excellent food fish and
are very sporty on light tackle.

Photo by Ted Borg

3

Scouting Report
By Marvin Tye
Photos by Ted Borg

DBAWill
a
BBAD
on
'70

The Georgia hu nter who doesn't mi nd doing a little traveling should be able to find good hunting for his chosen pecies of game somewhere within the state. H e doesn't have to leave the state to find excellent hunting fo r deer, ducks, doves, squirrels or rabbits. A little scouting around right here should turn up the best places for him to score on each pecies.
As the custom has been for the past few years, GEORGIA GAME AND FISH ha interviewed wi ldli fe biologists in all sections of the state to determine which areas wi ll produce the best hunting during the 1970-71 season.
tarting at the top of the state and worki ng down , we first talked to Jim Scharnagel in the Gainesville District Office. ln the northern mountain counties th at he covers, Jim reported that squirrels are coming back after their numbers were decreased tremendously by the emigration of a few seasons back. A lthough squ irrel hun ting is better than last year in the mountains, Jim sti ll rates that region as only fair.
This biologist rates the grouse situation as not much better. In Jim's opinion , grouse hunting this eason will be fair. He says that not much reproduction of grouse was evident this year by sighting of young birds. Grouse hunters should score about as well this year as last year.
The deer hunting picture in North Georgia is somewhat brighter according

to Jim . He says that the newly-opened Pigeon Mountain Wildlife Management area nea r Summerville should provide one of the best opportunities to take a big buck of an y managed area in North Georgia. This is due to the fact that this wi ll be the first season that public hunting has been allowed on the Pigeon Mou ntain Area . Lake Russell Wildlife Manage men t Area is reported to be the be t bet for a hunter who si mpl y wa nts to kill a deer. More deer are killed there each year than on any other North Georgia management area. Jim says th at the Lake Burton Wildlife Management Area is over populated with deer and needs hunting pressure to balance the herd. A number of North Georgia counties that have only recently been opened to deer hu nting have an increasing deer population. These include Hall, Gwinnett, Forsyth, Jackson and Madison. T he only problem for the average deer hun ter is finding a place to hunt as most of the good deer hunting is on privately owned land.
Dove hunting should be good in orth Georgia this year. Jim reports that call counts seemed to indicate a light increase in breeding. As in deer hunting in orne counties, the problem is in finding a place to hunt. There are not a large number of fields to hunt on. Moving down to middle Georgia, we find that the top attractions here are rabbit , deer, and squirrels with fair to good hunting for most other species. Bi-

4

ologist Dick Whittington of the Fort Valley District Office said that rabbits are as plentiful as they usually are in this section of the state and should provide really good hunting. The North Georgian who is not able to find such good rabbit shooting in his section of the state should come down to middle Georgia and enjoy this abundance of bunnies-if he has the proper contacts. Most of the good rabbit hunting here is on private land.
The traveling hunter from North Georgia will also find better squirrel hunting than in his home county. A lot of the good squirrel hunting here will be found on managed areas and National Forest land open to the public.
Dick rates the deer hunting as better than last year, which should mean that there will be some exceptional hunting here. This part of the state generally produces the largest deer and the deer with largest antlers. The length of the season as well as the number of days allowed for hunting deer of either sex have been increased this year in middle Georgia.
According to Dick, the deer herds have been building up in those counties that have had hunting for only a few seasons. Included in these are Upson, Spalding, Heard, Troupe, Taylor, Macon, Talbot, Crawford, Pike, Morgan, Oglethorpe, Clarke and Oconee. Deer hunting should be good in all of the old standby counties such as Jones, Jasper, Putnam, Monroe, Wilkes, Warren, Green, McDuffie, Hancock, Baldwin, Washington, Burke and Jefferson.
Management areas that have produced fine hunting here in recent years are Oaky Woods, Cedar Creek and Piedmont Experiment Station. The Federally administered Piedmont National Wildlife Refuge also provides good deer
hunting. If you applied for permits
prior to Sept. II you will be able to
hunt on this Federal area during the
1970 season. Otherwise you must con-
fine your hunting to other areas. This
regulation applies to firearms hunters

Pigeon Mountain Wildlife Management Area near Summerville will probably offer the best chance for the North Georgia hunter to bag a deer with a rack like this one. The reason is that this is the first year Pigeon Mountain will be opened to public hunting.
The deer outlook for middle Georgia is better than last year. This should mean some outstanding hunting.

only. Those who hunt with archery equipment may pick up their permits on the day they wish to hunt during the archery season on the refuge. For more details on Piedmont National Wildlife Refuge, write to the refuge manager Round Oak, Georgia 31 080.
Dick says that dove hunting in middle Georgia should be good this year but not exceptional. He said that quail hunting this year might be slightly affected by heavy rains last spring but thi should not seriously affect the hunting.
Biologist Frank Parrish of the Bowens Mill office says rabbit and squirrel hunting in his area should be good to excellent this year. He rates quail hunting as good in locations where proper management practices are observed. The Alapaha area has been rated as
Squirrels will be abundant in much of Middle and South Georgia where public hunting is available. In addition, they are coming back in the North Georgia mountains.

very good for quail hunting. The other management areas in this portion of the state also have available quail hunting but the terrain and the hunting is rougher than on Alapaha.
The Chickasawhatchee Wildlife Management Area is rated excellent for squirrel and fair for quail. Rabbit hunting is available on this area but rabbit hunting dogs are not allowed. Pointing dogs for quail hunting are allowed.
Possibly the best quail hunting in South Georgia is on private land where permission for hunting is most difficult if not impossible to obtain.
Wood duck hunting is good in beaver ponds along river bottom swamps of the Satilla and Alapaha Rivers.
Frank says that deer hunting will be good in most places in South Georgia with the best being in the southwestern section followed by the south-central, with the coastal area where dog hunting is permitted being the least productive.
The Chickasawhatchee Wildlife Management Area is rated the best for deer hunting. Bullard Creek is fair to good for deer. Suwanoochee has some deer hunting and more wild hogs than any other South Georgia management area.
Doves are plentiful and should provide good hunting.
At least fair hunting for any species legally hunted on the management areas, with the exc\!ption of bear, will be found on one of the six areas located in this portion of the state. These are Suwanoochee, Arabia Bay, Waycross State Forest, Alapaha, Bullard Creek, and Chickasawhatchee. In addition

5

Wood ducks should be plentiful in the river bottoms of a number of South Georgia streams. Mallards and pintails are also at their highest level in 10 years or more.

there are public hunting areas such as Lake Seminole Waterfowl Area and Grand Bay Public Hunting area. Bear hunting is permitted on Waycross State Forest, but the species is not overly ab u n d a nt.
Good turkey bunting is available on privately owned land in Southwest Georgia.
Duck season is set for December 2 through January 20. Oscar Dewberry of Darien reports that pintails and mallards seem to be up quite a bit over last yea r. Mallards are reported to be at th eir highest si nce 1958 and pintails at their highest since 1960. Good duck hunting in Georgia will depend on several factors , primaril y weather conditions. Dewberry believes the hunting will be as good or better than last year if conditions are favorable.

This will be the fourth year of hunting on the Brunswick Pulp and Pape r Company Area. Hunting on this area wi ll be at least as good as last year. Improvements in small game habitat should have a favorable effect on this year's hunting. Deer hunting on this area should be as good as last yea r.
That is the outlook for the major species hunted by the majority of Georgia outdoorsmen. Other species such as mars h hens, woodcock and snipe provide good hunting for those who are wi lling to get out and look for them . These birds are found primarily around marshes and swamp y areas .
A list of all the managed hunts is included as an illustration accompanying this article. A permit fee is required in add ition to a hunting license on some of these hunts. Detailed information can

be obtained from the Managed Hunts

booklet published by the State G ame &

Fish Commission.

A hunting license is required for all

hunting in Georgia unless you are hunt-

ing on your privately owned land on

which you reside. A duck stamp is also

required in addition to the hunting li-

cense if you hunt migratory waterfowl.

All National Forest Land that is not

included in a Wildlife Management

Area or National Wildlife Refuge is

open to the hunting of any game that

may be legall y hunted in the county

where the forest land is located. No per-

mit or speci al permiss ion is required to

hunt on this land.

If you're properly equipped and have

the necessary license, stamp and permit,

yo u should enjoy excellent hunting this

year in the peach state.

,._

6

SET YOUR SIGHTS ON
SUCCESS
By Aaron Pass
Photos by the Author

"There he was, no more than twenty yards away, standing out in the open," recounts the hunter to the group around the campfire. "I could count every point on his rack, and man, was he a beauty. I put the sights on his shoulder and fired ," the hunter continues, as everyone leans forward intently, "and he was gone into the brush."
"Did you find any blood?" someone asks as the fire is prodded back into life. "Not a drop ," answers the hunter, "the entrance hole must have plugged up." There are chuckles around the fire. "Well , the bullet might have hit a twig, and been deflected," our hunter counters bravely.
"I thought you said he was out in the open," someone unkindly points out. Laughter. "The blasted rifle must be shooting off!" Loud laughter. Miraculously a knife appears, and a shirt-tail is
7

Dick Kennedy, of the Gunroom, lines up a scope by using a collimator. This device aligns the sights with the bore and can save the shooter a good deal of time and trouble. Once the sights have been collimated the rifle can usually be sighted in with only a couple of adjustments.

amputated as a red-faced hunter vows that he will check his rifle first thing in the morning. Could be that morning light will show that the rifle is indeed off, but at such times there is very little comfort in being right.
Each year many hunters go into the woods as unprepared to kill anything as if they were carrying an unloaded gun. Due simply to the fact that they failed to sight in their rifles, they cheat themselves out of game, and many lose the chance at "once in a lifetime" trophies. Worse ye t, some hunters using poorly sighted weapons manage to wound their quarry and let it escape to die in misery. Why does anyone hunt with ill prepared equipment? Well some people are just too lazy to do anymore than the bare essentials, but many others are put off by a lack of understanding and general confusion about how to sight in a rifle.
Actually there's nothing mysterious or difficult about sighting in a rifle. Greatly simplified, it is the process of adjusting the sights so that they are aligned on the same point where the rifle shoots the bullets. This is done by firing the rifle at a specific point to determine where the bullets are striking.

Next the sights are adjusted so that they are aligned on the bullet impact area. Since the sights are now fixed on the same point the rifle groups the bullets, when the sights are realigned on the bullseye the bullets will also strike there. A very old, but apt description of a well ighted rifle is one which "shoots where she looks".
Understanding the term "bullet group" is very important to sighting in a rifle. It is the pattern of bullet holes made when a rifle is fired several times at the same point without moving the sights. This cluster of bullet holes, by its distance from the aiming point, indicates how far the sights will have to be moved and in what direction. Its size also tests how accurate the rifle is. By measuring the widest spread holes from center to center the rifle's consistency is determined . This consistency is synonymous with accuracy, so the smaller the group the more accurate the rifle. A rifle which will group into one inch at I 00 yards is extremely accurate, two to four inches is average, and four to five inches is adequate for eastern deer hunting. Since the group is a test of the rifle and sights alone, every effort should be

made to mimmize the human error. Using the r.ight equipment is tremendously important in this respect.
The most important of this equipment as far as accuracy is concerned is a good solid rest, and some type of pad to fire the rifle from. It may be a specialized benchrest and sand bag arrangement designed exclusively for shooting, or just an old table and a rolled up sleeping bag. For all practical purposes the latter serves just as well. Incidentally, when shooting from a rest, it is best to place your hand on the rest to cradle the rifle rather than to lay the forend of the weapon on the pad itself. The rifle might group differently when fired from the direct contact with the rest than it will when fired from the hand as in hunting.
At this point some observer is sure to ask you if you intend to carry the table to your deer sta11d with you. If you feel this deserves any answer at all , just reply that you are making sure of the rifle's ability now, and that you will worry about your own skill later. If you were to just pick up the rifle and blaze away standing up on your hind legs you could never be sure if the misses were being caused by an error in the sights, or an error in the shooter.
As for errors in the shooter, flinch ing is easily the most common. Flinching is caused by anticipating the gun's blast and recoil and moving just as the gun fires. In its milder forms it is characterized by blinking the eyelid or sli ghtly tensing the muscles. At its worst the shooter will jerk the trigger, or even move his whole body. It is the enem y of accurate shooting, and its effects are even noticeable off a benchrest. Since the noise and recoil of rifles adequate for deer hunting can affect even veteran shooters, it is wise for anyone firin g such a weapon to take steps to counteract the effects of muzzle bl ast and kick .
The use of earplugs is highl y recommended . All centerfire rifles make enough noi se to become unpleasant after several shots. The shooter begins to dread the noise of the shot and starts to flinch . More important, however, is the fact that the repeated firing of a large caliber rifle can damage the sense of hearing. Ear protection in the form of a set of earplugs designed for shooting is cheap insurance.
Another device which will help avoid flinching is some type of recoil absorber. A piece of foam rubber, a small sand bag, or even a rolled up towel will work wonders in reducing apparent recoil. Unfortunately this simple expedi ent has been nicknamed a "sissy bag", and many shy away from its use because of the name. It is wise to remember that while the body furnishes its own recoil reduction in the excitement of the hunt, the recoil of even a .30/30

The V-notch rear sight is factory equipped on most rifles. It is simple and rugged, but lacks the precision required for best accuracy.
The apeture or "peep" sight is both sturdy and accurate. Its quick handling properties have established it as a long standing favorite.. with woods hunters.
The telescopic sight is currently gaining fa vor with many hunters. It is the most precise and accurate of the hunting sights. For woods and brush hunting pick one with low magnification and a wide field of view.

will become very noticeable in the static target shooting situation where several shots may be fired. The best way to cure flinching is to never start, and the best way not to start is to soften recoil.
Eye protection in the form of shooting glasses is often overlooked. They not only allow you to see the target better, but they offer protection if a pierced primer or a ruptured c~e ever sends hot gas out the breech. A man could shoot all his life and never need shooting glasses, but the one time he does they are worth their weight in gold.
Now that you have all the equipment, all you need is a place to shoot. This often isn't easy as it sounds, for in this crowded world the number of places where a large caliber rifle can be safely fired are growing increasingly rare. If you don't have a friend who owns a large tract of land, your best bet .is to contact a local gun club. Many of these clubs host a "Sighting-In" day each fall as a public service to hunters in the area.
Having found a place to shoot, and assembled the accessories, you are ready to begin the sighting in procedure itself. The first problem is known as "getting on the paper". If you are installing a new sight, or if the present sights are badly off, there is a chance that you will miss the entire target at normal hunting ranges. There are two methods of dealing with this. One is to do a preliminary sighting at a very short range, and then fire at hunting range to correct.
Another method is to use a collimator, an optical device which aligns the sights with the bore of the rifle. This "bore sighting" is no substitute for actual firing, but it will put the bullets reasonably close to the target. These devices are rather expensive, but most gunshops will bore sight your rifle with one for a nominal fee.
Now all you have to do is put a target out at the longest range you expect to fire at game; 100 yards is a good distance in the east. Then return to the benchrest and fire three or four rounds with the sights held exactly where you want to hit. Go back to the target, and there should be a group of holes somewhere on the target. Measure their distance from the bull both vertically and horizontally, and then adjust your sight accordingly. The rule is to move the rear sight in the same direction you wish to move the impact of the bullets.
Today most rifles come from the factory equipped with an open rear sight of the V-notch type. It is a simple and a sturdy sight, but it leaves much to be desired in both accuracy and precision of adjustment. Elevation changes are made by sliding a sliver of metal with a series of steps of increasing height under the notch until the desired elevation is reached. A windage adjustment

9

to move the point of impact horizontally is not usually found on sights of

.... <.wifltl/Q!/. ~

P ETERS
1i[p

There are many advantages to be gained by spending the time and effort

the V-notch type, but a rough adjust-

to check your sights. The most obvious,

ment can be made by tapping the entire

of course, is having a rifle that truly does

sight sideways in its slot in the barrel

"shoot where she looks". In addition, a

with a brass hammer. About the best

sighting-in session, while not target

you can do with this type of sight is to

practice in the truest sense, does give

use the trial and error method until you

the hunter some very valuable familiari-

get near the bull. To get the best accu-

zation with his weapon. It is also a

racy and to facilitate sighting in the use

good way to check-out the firearm's me-

of a more precise sight is highly recom-

chanical functioning while there is still

mended.

time to have any malfunctions corrected

The peep sight has long been recognized as a fine hunting sight in wooded areas. It is as rugged and simple as the V-notch type, but is more easily adjusted and is much more accurate. This type of sight costs around $15 and is a wise investment for anyone wanting to get the most out of his rifle.
The ultimate in accuracy and precision is a scope. This type of sight is rapidly gaining popularity among hunters because of its excellent sight picture and target magnification properties. A low magnification scope of 21h X or 3X is generally considered to be the best bet for woods hunting. Sighting in a scope is probably the easiest of all because of its inherent accuracy and exact adjustments.
Most modern adjustable sights are graduated in steps of a minute of angle, or fractions thereof. A minute of angle

-I

vo-J ]

!

-===---- :;~-~ ~~-. =- ::.-

This three-shot group indicates that the sights should be set down five inches. The uppermost bullet hole (see arrow) is not in the group and was caused by flinching.

screws are a common cause of a formerly good rifle's going "sour".
There are other reasons for a rifle to suddenly change its point of impact. Stocks have been known to warp , or sights get knocked out of alignment during storage, either of which would alter the rifle's zero. Even if you sighted in your rifle last year, you should still check it before this season rolls around.

before the season starts. And lastly,

there is the feeling of confidence in the

rifle that adds so much to the enjoyment

of the hunt.

Unfortunately, the sighting-in proce-

dure is to some extent troublesome and

inconvenient. It is also to a degree ex-

pensive, since it can use up 15 to 20

rounds of ammunition . But there is just

no known way to sight in a rifle without

actually firing it, and it is far better to

use 15 rounds on the target and only

one to get the game than vice versa.

With the problem of finding a place to

shoot, buying the ammunition, and the

time spent shooting, many people will

undoubtedly find an excuse not to go to

all the trouble. But what good are ex-

cuses when you lose all of your shirt-

tail , a good deal of your pride, and most

important, that trophy buck you've

waited so long for.

...-

represents one inch of linear distance of

I 00 yards. Therefore, after you fire the

first group you will need to measure its

distance from the bull both vertically

and horizontally and make appropriate

calculations to move your sight the

same amount. If the sight is marked in

1/.i minute clicks, and the first bullet

group at 100 yards is six inches high

and one inch to the right. To move the

impact area to the bull, move the sight

24 clicks down and 4 clicks to the left.

It is always best to fire another group to

check the zero after such an adjustment

to check your math.

If you don't know what graduations

your sight is marked in, it's best to do a

preliminary sighting in job at 25 yards.

Assume that it is marked in 1/.i minute

graduations and work from there. After

you get the group near the bull, move

the target out to 100 yards and finish

the job. Remember, at 25 yards one

minute of angle only represents 1/.i inch

so it will take 16 one quarter minute

clicks to move the bullet group one

inch.

Before he begins the foregoing sight-

ing-in festivities there are several small

details a wise shooter will attend to.

Checking the bore for obstructions or a

build up of grease is a very good idea.

A heavy coating of grease inside the

barrel can boost pressures dangerously

if the weapon is fired. Another item to Sighting equipment is not difficult to assemble. A sleeping bag or pillows will serve as remember is to check all the screws with a rest to support the rifle . A selection of screwdrivers, shooting glasses, earplugs, and

a proper size screwdriver; loose stock a foam rubber recoil absorber will make the job much more pleasant.

10

The smaller, Oconee National Forest is located southeast of Atlanta. It contains 103 ,000 acres of Piedmont pine country, well known for bird hunting, float trips and fine deer herds.
The Chattahoochee, so named after the river which begins its long run to the sea from within the forest, is a land of man y uses. It is an area of spectacular beauty, where over 1.3 million visitor days were registered last year.
Here large re ervoirs, small lakes and over 800 miles of mountain streams beckon the trout fisherman.
Ranging along the rugged Blue Ridge mountains, where only the hardiest hunter or hiker would venture, the Chattahoochee contains points in excess of 4500 feet. It rises to Brasstown Bald, 4784 feet-the highe t point in Georgia. From there it stretches eastward to the

wild scenic Chattooga River, which separates Georgia and South Carolina. Here a finger of the forest stretches southward to near Cornelia and is home to the Lake Russell Game Management Area deer herd which annually attracts thousands of big game hunters.
All wildlife living on the Chattahoochee National Forest is managed cooperatively, with the Georgia Game and Fish Commission and the U.S. Forest Service acting as a team.
As manager of the land , the Forest Service is responsible for manipulating the forest habi tat, while the State is charged with regulating the harvest of fish and game. Through cooperative agreements, these two agencies work toward a goal of producing more for yo u, the hunter-fishermen.
Fish and game habitat conditions are

Bowhunting is one of the popular recreational pastimes pursued by sportsmen in Georgia's National Forest.

improving forest-wide. State and Forest Service crews plant newly created forest openings to wildlife mixtures, establishing food and cover trees, and revegetate logging roads and log landings.
Both agencies cooperate in developing springs and small water holes. Additional effort is spent releasing and pruning trees, vines and shrubs of value to game birds and animals.
Presentl y, I 0 game management areas are established under agreemen t by the State Game and Fish Commission on National Forest land. With in these areas, intensive habitat management and protection is given fish and game populations and different seasons and bag limits often prescribed in an effort to build up populations. Outside management areas, the National Forest is open to hunting and fishing according to statewide regulations.
Through agreement with the Forest, the State Game and Fish Commission has restocked areas of National Forest lacking deer and turkey and has provided the necessa ry law enforcement and dog control to allow these populations to build up.
Success or failure of such restocked areas will depend upon public acceptance and law enforcement.
There is much to enjoy on your National Forests. As an angler, you can fish hundred of miles of streams heavily stocked by State and Federal hatcheries. Or perhaps you wish to get away from people and are the adventurous type, then search out one of the hikeinto streams, with rushing white water and deep pools in which to lose the cares of civilization . Here, you can try for the wild reared, brook or rainbow, or perhaps entice that large brown trout from beneath an overhanging stump.
The hunter, too, will find a variety of opportunities to test his skill. You can try your luck for the wily white-tail along a mountain ridgetop or work through the hickories to fill out your limit of squirrels. Entice a wild turkey gobbler to you during a spring gobbler hunt or try for the feathered bombshell, ruffed grouse.
If you are a bow enthusiast or you fancy the muzzle loader, then hunt the Warwoman Game Management Area during the special primitive weapons hunt.
Raccoon, fox , quail , rabbit, woodcock and doves also await you. Black bear are present in the National Forest but are protected to build up their numers .
Truly a happy hunting ground, Georgia's two National Forests repre ent some of the largest public hunting areas left in the state where you can hun t with a minimum of restrictions.
Because of the increased press of urban sprawl, with subdivisions follow-

12

::Jrufg a happ'J hunting ground.
(}eorgia ~ lwo national5-oredld
repredenl dome o/lhe fargedl putfic
fe/t hunting aread in lhe Stale.

LOCATION MAP

Atlanta

Athens OCONEE NATIONAL Augu sta FOREST
Macon

GEORGIA Sava nnah

Valdosta

Deer are one of the most popular game animals found on the National Forest land. An effective wildlife management program in -

sures excellent hunting on these public lands.

Photo by U. S. Forest Service

13

ing the bulldozer into areas where hunt-

ers roamed 10 years ago and with pri-

vate land more heavily posted each

year, your National Forests will assume

a greater role in providing the common

man-a place to hunt or fish, an area

for bird watching or an opportunity to

just view nature's wild creatures.

Presently, 28% of all visitor days on

the Chattahoochee and Oconee National

Forests are for hunting and fishing.

This will increase.

Perhaps you like to camp while you

hunt or fish. Sure, go ahead! The Na-

tional Forests are open to year around

camping. Some developed camping

areas may not have their water systems

winterized, but we're working on that!

All that is needed to camp is the desire,

and proper equipment. Please leave a

clean camp and use care with camp-

fires.

So, Mr. Sportsman, become more fa-

miliar with Georgia's National Forests.

There are many hunting and fishing op-

portunities awaiting you-but there is

also much more to enjoy.

-.

Hikers along the Appalachian trail are rewarded with many scenic views. This hiker is looking over quite an expanse of the Chattahoochee National Forest from Springer Mountain.

Editorial rconfd.J MOUNTAINS OF GLASS

controlled, will result in the destruction of the wilderness setting that makes them so desirable for recreation in the first place.
Plans underway for "Recreational Development" are many, and most seem to forget what outdoor recreation really means. Large scale transportation networks are planned to open up the area to auto-bound explorers, unable and unwilling to walk or even drive around curves to the scenery. There will be massive campsite development for X number of campers that some socioengineer has computed will be screaming for tent pads with hot water and electricity in 1980. Motels and restaurants will be provided for those who prefer their wilderness experiences in
minimal doses. Lastly, and most pa-
thetic, will be the souvenir stands and amusement areas for those who don't
cars for the beauty of nature, and pre-
fer the artifici ality and tinsel of the
world from whence they came. Development of this type is danger-
ous to the ecology of the region. Const ruction sites on the mountain sides
will open great scars on the steep slopes

which will erode and the muddy runoff to the stream will replace the trout with silt. Continued road building will compartmentalize the wilderness breaking up the game habitat, and drive away both the game and the outdoorsman seeking to escape from concrete and exhaust emissions for a while. Developments of the amusement park variety are out of character with the setting and represent the worst kind of hucksterism - that which degrades a high quality environment.
As rugged and vast as those mountains are, they are not indestructible. They support an ecosystem as delicately balanced as any in nature, and a complex interrelationship of natural factors makes the mountains more critical of habitat alteration than most natural systems. It is doubtful if the ecology of the Southern Appalachians can survive large scale development without serious impairment.
Most recreational and economic development plans are designed toward maximum usage of the resource. Lake Spivey is a good example of an outdoor recreational facility which approaches maximum utilization. When speaking of

wilderness resource, however; the maximum usage it will endure is lowered tremendously. A wilderness which has been manipulated and developed is no longer a wilderness.
The mountains offer a wilderness environment that is rapidly vanishing from the contemporary scene, and they are now in grave danger of being overdeveloped and commercialized. A long, close look should be taken at any plans for development in regard to how much they tend to undermine the essential wild and natural qualities of the region. With natural areas becoming more scarce day by day, it would be a great disservice to ourselves and to future generations to ruin the Southern Highlands with shortsighted planning which
takes little thought to the highest and
be t use of a unique and beautiful area.
It is paradoxical that the scenic and recreational values of the mountains
could so easily be lost by trying to make
them easier to enjoy, but it is true. Their environment is fragile like a fine
crystal goblet, and like the goblet, once
it is broken it can never be restored.
-Aaron Pass

14

SSppeoakr.t..s-m-et~)

the
outdoor

world

MORE ABOUT MIREX I would like to reply to J. E. Collier's criticism (Georgia Game & Fish, August) of Margaret Tucker's article on chemical pesticides (Ibid, April). The U. S. Dept. of Agriculture is planning a 200 million dollar, 12-year program to control (no longer eradicate) the fire ant population in nine southeastern states. The project is based upon aerial, widespread distribution of mirex-coated corn grits; a total of 450 million pounds of poison bait may be applied to about 120 million acres (Environmental Action : 1 August 1970, p. 11). The limited research on mirex, and this itself is an important point, indicates: (1) it accumulates in the fatty tissue of birds and !!hellfish (Poultry Science 44: 865, 1965), reminiscent of DDT, and (2) mirex produces malignant tumors in varied laboratory animals. Available evidence argues against the selective consumption of this bait by fire ants (Jeff Nesmith, Atlanta Constitution, 19 March 1970). Quite reasonably, it may well attract numerous herbivores and omnivores, including wild birds, mammals, and domestic animals. The Bureau of Sports Fisheries and Wildlife (U .S. Dept. of Interior) will not allow mirex application until research studies on field animals are complete. The MRAK Commission report to the Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare has recommended minimal human exposure. It is apparent that this poison is not pestspecific and in view of the present controversies about 2,4,5-T, DDT, endrin and other broad-spectrum pesticides (Science: 24 April 1970, P. 453, 456; 15 May, p. 864; 12 June, p. 1322) extensive research programs on comparative animal and plant sensitivity are mandatory before any decision is made for or against the wide dispersal of a chemical- or biological- pesticide. This is especially important when it is realized that 50 to 90 percent of the pesticide, distributed as aerial sprays or particles, may contaminate non-agricultural areas (President's Science Advisory Committee, Environmental Pollution Panel. Restoring the Quality of Our Environment. Washington, D. C., November, 1965). The fire ant is a second-rate nuisance to man (as compared to the brown recluse or black widow spiders for example) and has very little effect on his agriculture; it primarily feeds on other insects. The 12-13 year program of eradication, including 50 million acres treated with mirex since 1962, has been singularly unsuccessful ; its justification and expense are open to question. Dr. D. Ferguson, a zoologist at Mississippi State University, has suggested that mirex application be limited to mound-to-mound treatment. Such activity could be executed during the planting and / or harvesting seasons by farm workers. This selective distribution would prevent contamination of crops and soil, natural wildlands and waterways. Alternately, the nest-sites could be sprayed with kerosene from a safe distance and set afire. Miss Tucker may have been guilty of partial subjectivity, but so was a remarkable woman named Rachel Carson .
Sincerely, John W. Parker, Ph.D. (Stanford University, 1967) Atlanta, Georgia 30306

Georgia State Game & Fish Commission wildlife exhibit won first place in the government agencies category STAY AND SEE GEORGIA WEEK held recently at Lenox Square. Ranger C. P. Palmer, Georgia State Game & Fish Commission, accepts the Blue Ribbon first place award from Chess Lagomarsino, chairman of the Georgia Chamber of Commerce Travel Council. He is accompanied by lovely Laura Shouse, the 1970 Miss STAY AND SEE GEORGIA WEEK.

Hunter-Fishermen Boat Course Set

Even though the traditional summer boating season is now drawing to a close, hunters and fishermen will still be using their boats throughout fall and winter seasons. Since most of these boats are generally small, and weather conditions during these seasons are often unfavorable, some water-borne sportsmen might be interested in a course being presented by the Coast Guard Auxiliary specifically for hunters and fishermen. It's called the HunterFisherman Basic Boating Course, and covers many topics worthwhile to a hunter or fi sherman who uses a boat. It primarily outlines the elementary principals of small boat handling, such as, common sense, courtesy, and care. Other subjects, such as, boats for the

outdoorsman, boat motors, knots, weather, and government regulations will also be discussed.
The course is presented in one twohour lesson by qualified members of the Coast Guard Auxiliary. These instructors are all experienced boatmen and understand the techniques of safe boating.
It's estimated that hunters and fishermen are involved in approximately 30 per cent of all water accidents. This course is designed to cut down that percentage and help outdoorsmen enjoy their sport more safely. For further information contact the director of the Coast Guard Auxiliary district nearest you .
-Aaron Pass

15

Sportsman's Calendar
SEASONS NOW OPEN
TROUT
Open stream season closes October 3, 1970.
HUNTING SEASONS
MOURNING DOVES: October 21 through November 7, 1970; and from December 17, 1970 through January 15, 1971. Daily.bag limit is 18. Shooting hours noon till sunset, prevailing time.
MARSH HENS (rails): September 12 through November 20, 1970. Daily bag limit 15. Shooting hours from Y.z hour before sunrise to sunset.
SICTION 21
DEER: (1) (Ardaery Hunt) October 10 through October 24, 1970, in the following counties: Banks, Barrow, that portion of Ben Hill County lying northeast of Ga. Highway # 182 and U.S. Highway #319 and between those two highways and the Ocmulgee River; Bartow and Cherokee counties except that portion between Knox Bridge and Stamp Creek, south of Ga. Highway #20 to Allatoona Reservoir, Carroll, Chattooga, Clay; that portion of Coffee County lying north of Ga. Highway # 206 and Ga. Highway #268, Colquitt, Dade, Dawson, Dooly, Douglas, Fannin and Gilmer except that portion of these counties containing the Cohutta Wildlife Management Area as follows: beginning at the Murray-Fannin County line and the Georgia-Tennessee State line; thence running easterly along said line to Tumbling Creek Road (FSR-22); thence southerly down Tumbling Creek Road to Watson's Gap, thence continuing in a southerly direction down Three Forks Road (FSR-64) to Dyer Gap, thence down Flat Top Mountain Road (FSR-64A) to Flat Top Mountain; thence in a southerly direction down the ridge of Flat Top Mountain to Fowler Gap to Wolfpen Gap to Wolfpen Gap Road; thence in a southwesterly direction down Wolfpen Gap Road to East Mountaintown Creek Road; thence southwesterly along East Mountaintown Creek Road to the Mountaintown Creek Road; thence westerly along Mountaintown Creek Road to Holly Creek Gap Road (FSR-90); thence northwesterly along Holly Creek Gap Road to Potato Patch Road (FSR-68); thence westerly along Potato Patch Road to Murray-Gilmer County line; thence northwesterly to the Fannin-Gilmer County line; thence westerly along said line to the Murray-Fannin County line; thence along said line to the point of beginning; Floyd, Forsyth, Franklin, that portion of Gordon west of Highway 1-75, Gwinnett, Habersham, Hall, Haralson, Jackson, Irwin, Lumpkin, Madison, Paulding, Pickens, Polk, Quitman, Rabun, Randolph, Ste phens, Sumter, Tift, Towns, Union, Walker, White, Wilcox, and Worth. Bag limit one (l) buck and one (1) doe or two (2) bucks. Hunting with dogs prohibited.
(2) (Archery Hunt) Buck Only: October 10 through October 24, 1970, in the following counties: Brooks, Lanier, except that portion lying north of the Seaboard Coastline Railroad and east of the Alapaha River and southeast of U.S. Highway #221; and Lowndes. Bag limit two (2) bucks. Hunting with dogs prohibited.
(3) (Archery Hunt) October 1 through October 14, 1970, in the following counties: Brantley, Bryan, Bulloch, Burke, Camden, Candler, Charlton, Chatham, Effingham, Emanuel, Evans, that portion of Dodge County west of Ga. Highway #230 and south of U.S. Highway #280; Glascock, Glynn, Jefferson, Jenkins, Liberty, Long, McIntosh, Screven, Tattnall, that portion of Toombs south of Ga. Highway # 107, Ware, Washington, and Wayne, also all of Clinch County EXCEPT that portion lying in the southwest comer of the county, bordered on the north by the Seaboard Coastline Railroad and on the east by

Suwannoochee Creek which is closed and EXCEPT that portion of Clinch County lying north of the Arabia Bay Wildlife Management Area and between U.S. Highway # 221 and U.S. Highway # 441 which is closed. Also open is that portion of Echols County lying east of U.S. Highway # 129 and south of Ga. Highway # 187; also open is that portion of Lanier County lying north of the Seaboard Coastline Railroad and east of the Alapaha River and southeast of U.S. Highway #221; also open is that portion of Pierce County lying south of U.S. Highway # 82, east of Ga. Highway # 121, and west of Ga. Highway # 32. Bag limit two (2) bucks or one (1) buck and one (1) doe. Hunting with dogs prohibited.
(4) (Archery Hunt) October 1 through October 24, 1970, in the following counties: Appling, AtkinSon, Baker, Baldwin, Berrien, meckley, Butts, Calhoun, Chattahoochee, Clarke, Columbia, Coweta, Crawford, Decatur, Dougherty, Early, Elbert, Fayette, Grady, Greene, Hancock, Harris, Heard, Henry, Houston, Jasper, Jeff Davis, Johnson, Jones, Lamar, that portion of Laurens north of U.S. Highway #80, that portion of Lee west of U.S. Highway# 19, Lincoln, Macon, Marion, McDuffie, Meriwether, Mitchell, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Muscogee, Newton, Oconee, Oglethorpe, Peach, Pike, Pulaski, Putnam, Richmond, Rockdale, Schley, Seminole, Spalding, Stewart, Talbot, Taliaferro, Taylor, Telfair, Terrell, Thomas, Troup, Twiggs, Upson, Walton, Warren, Webster, Wheeler, Wilkes, and Wilkinson. Bag limit two (2) bucks or one (I) buck and one (1) doe. Hunting with dogs prohibited. (260-2-.26 Amended)
SECTION 22
DEER: Buck Only: November 7 through November 21, 1970, in the following counties except as otherwise provided in Section 23: Atkinson, Banks, Barrow, Berrien, Bartow and Cherokee counties except that portion between Knox Bridge and Stamp Creek, south of Ga. Highway # 20 to Allatoona Reservoir, which portion will be open during the managed hunt schedule, also that portion of Ben Hill county lying northeast of Ga. Highway #182 and U.S. Highway #319 and between these two highways and the Ocmulgee River, that portion of Coffee COuntY. lying north of Ga. Highway #206 and Ga. Highway #268, Brooks, Carroll, Chattooga, Clay, Colquitt, Coweta, Dade, Dawson, Dooly, Douglas, Fannin and Gilmer except that portion of these counties containing the Cohutta Wildlife Management Area as follows: beginning at the Murray-Fannin County line and the Georgia-Tennessee State line; thence running easterly along said line to Tumbling Creek Road (FSR-22); thence southerly down Tumbling Creek Road to Watson's Gap, thence continuing in a southerly direction down Three Forks Road (FSR-64) to Dyer Gap; thence down Flat Top Mountain Road (FSR-64A) to the Flat Top Mountain; thence in a southerly direction down the ridge of Flat Top Mountain to Fowler Gap to Wolfpen Gap to Wolfpen Gap Road; thence in a southwesterly direction down Wolfpen Gap Road to East Mountaintown Creek Road; thence southwesterly along East Mountaintown Creek Road to Mountaintown Creek Road; thence westerly along Mountaintown Creek Road to Holly Creek Gap Road (FSR-90); thence northwesterly along Holly Creek Gap Road to Potato Patch Road (FSR-68); thence westerly along Potato Patch Road to Murray-Gilmer County line; thence northwesterly to the Fannin-Gilmer County line; thence westerly along said line to the Murray-Fannin County line; thence along said line to the point of beginning; Fayette, Floyd, Forsyth, Franklin, that portion of Gordon west of Highway 1-75, Gwinnett, Habersham, Hall, Haralson, Heard, Irwin, Jackson, Lanier except that portion lying north of the Seaboard Coastline Railroad and east of the Alapaha River and southeast of U.S. Highway #221 ; Lowndes, Lumpkin, Madison, Meriwether, Paulding, Pickens, Polk, Quitman, Rabun, Randolph, Stephens, Sumter, Tift, Towns, Troup, Union, Walker, White, Wilcox, and Worth. Bag limit two (2) bucks. Hunting with dogs prohibited. (260-2-.20 Amended)

16

SECTION 23
DEER; Either Sex: November 21, 1970, only, in the counties of Floyd, Haralson, Paulding, and Polk. Bag limit two (2) bucks or one (I) buck and one (1) doe. Hunting with dogs prohibited. (260-2-.67)
SECTION 24
DEER: Buck Only: November 7 through November 28, 1970, in the following counties: that portion of Dodge County west of Ga. Highway # 230 and south of U.S. Highway #280; Jeff Davis, Johnson; that portion of Laurens north of U.S. Highway #80; that portion of Montgomery north of U.S. Highway #280 and north of Ga. Highway # 107, Pike, Telfair, and Wheeler. Bag limit two (2) bucks. Hunting with dogs prohibited. (260-2-.68)
SECTION 25
DEER: Buck Only: November 7 through November 28, 1970, in the following counties: Appling; that portion of Montgomery south of U.S. Highway #280 and south of Ga. Highway # 107; and that portion of Toombs south of Ga. Highway # 107 and Ga. Highway #56. Bag Limit two (2) bucks. Hunting with dogs allowed. (260-2-.15 Amended)
SECTION 26
DEER: Buck Only: November 7 through December 5, 1970, in the following counties except as otherwise provided in Section 27 and Section 28: Baldwin, Bleckley, Butts, Clarke, Columbia, Crawford, Elbert, Greene, Hancock, Harris, Henry, Houston, Jasper, Jones, Lamar, Lincoln, Macon, McDuffie, Monroe, Morgan, Newton, Oconee, Oglethorpe, Peach, Pulaski, Putnam, Richmond, Rockdale, Schley, Spalding, Talbot, Taylor, Taliferro, Twiggs, Upson, Walton, Warren, Wilkinson, and Wilkes. Bag limit two (2) bucks. Hunting with dogs prohibited. (260-2-.14 Amended)
SECTION 27
DEER: Either Sex: December 4 and 5, 1970, only, in the counties of Baldwin, Columbia, Greene, Hancock, Jones, Lamar, Lincoln, McDuffie, Monroe, Putnam, Talbot, and Wilkes. Bag limit one (I) buck and one (1) doe or two (2) bucks. Hunting with dogs prohibited. (260-2.22 Amended)
SECTION 28
DEER: Either Sex: December 5, 1970, only, in the counties of Butts, Crawford north of U.S. Highway #80, Henry, Jasper, Morgan, and Newton. Bag limit one (1) buck and one (1) doe or two (2) bucks. Hunting with dogs prohibited. (260-2-.69)
SECTION 29
DEER: Either Sex: January 1 and 2, 1971, only, in the counties of Chattahoochee and Muscogee. Bag limit one (I) buck and one (1) doe or two (2) bucks. Hunting with dogs prohibited. (260-2-.70)
SECTION 30
DEER: Buck Only: October 15, 1970, through January 2, 1971 , in tlte following counties except as otherwise provided in Section 31: Brantley, Bryan, Bulloch, Burke, Camden, Candler, Charlton, Chatham, Effingham, Emanuel, Evans, Glascock, Glynn, Jefferson, Jenkins, Liberty, Long, Mcintosh, Screven, Tattnall, Ware, Washington, Wayne, and all of Clinch County EXCEPT that portion lying in the southwest corner of the county, bordered on the north by the Seaboard Coastline Railroad and on the east by Suwannoochee Creek which is closed and EXCEPT that portion of Clinch County lying north of the Arabia Bay Wildlife Management Area and between U.S. Highway #221 and U.S. Highway #441 which is closed. Also open is that portion of Echols County lying east of U.S. Highway# 129 and south of Ga. Highway# 187; also open is that portion of Lanier County lying north of the Seaboard Coastline Railroad and east of the Alapaha River and southeast of U.S. Highway #221; and also open is that portion of Pierce County lying south of U.S. Highway #82, east of Ga. Highway # 121, and west of Ga. Highway #32. Bag limit two (2) bucks. Hunting with dogs allowed. (260-2-.13 Amended)

SECTION 31
DEER: Either Sex: October 15, 1970 through January 2, 1971 , the islands, except Sapelo and Blackbeard, and marshes lying east of the Intracoastal Waterway in Bryan, Camden, Chatham, Glynn, Liberty, and Mcintosh counties will be open for the taking of deer of either sex. Bag limit two (2) bucks or one (1) buck and one (I) doe. Hunting with dogs allowed. (260-2-.37 Amended)
SECTION 32
DEER: Buck Only: November 19, 20, and 21, 1970, only, in that portion of Atkinson County lying south of the Seaboard Coastline Railroad and east of U.S. Highway # 221 ; that portion of Berrien County lying east of U.S. Highway # 129, south of the Alapaha River, north of Ga. Highway #76 and west of Ga. Highway # 135; and Wilcox County. Bag limit two (2) bucks. Hunting with dogs allowed. (260-2-.23 Amended)
SECTION 33
DEER: Buck Only: November 13, 14 and November 20, 21 , 1970, only, in Colquitt County. Bag limit two (2) bucks. Hunting with dogs allowed. (260-2-.43 Amended)
SECTION 34
DEER: Buck Only: November 7, 1970, through January 2, 1971, in the following counties: Decatur, Early, Grady, Marion, Mitchell, Seminole, Stewart, Terrell, Thomas, Webster, and that portion of Lee County lying west of U.S. Highway # 19. Bag limit two (2) bucks. Hunting with dogs allowed. (260-2-.17 Amended)
SECTION 3S
DEER: Either Sex: November 7, 1970, through January 2, 1971, in the following counties: Baker, Calhoun, and Dougherty. Bag limit one (1) buck and one (1) doe or two (2) bucks. Hunting with dogs allowed. (260-2-.39 Amended)
SECTION 36
DEER: Buck Only: November 7, 1970, through December 31, 1970, in the counties of Chattahoochee and Muscogee. Hunting with dogs prohibited. Bag limit two (2) bucks. (260-2-. 19 Amended)
SECTION 37
GROUSE: January 16 through February 27, 1971. Bag limit three (3) daily; possession limit six (6). (260 2-.30 Amended)
SECTION 38
OPOSSUM: October 17, 1970, through February 27, 1971. Statewide season. Exception: Coweta County will be open September 26, 1970, through January 23, 1971. No bag limit. (260-2-.31 Amended)
SECTION 39
QUAll.: November 20, 1970, through February 27, 1971. Statewide season. Bag limit twelve (12) daily; possession limit thirty-six (36). (260-2-.32 Amended)
SECTION 40
RABBIT: (I) November 20, 1970, through January 30, 1971. The counties of Carroll, Fulton, DeKalb, Gwinnett, Barrow, Jackson, Madison, Elbert, and all counties north of those listed will be open for rabbit hunting. Bag limit five (5) daily.
(2) November 20, 1970, through February 27, 1971 , in all counties south of the above listed counties. Bag limit ten (10) daily. (260-2-.33 Amended)
SECTION 41
RACCOON: (I) October 17, 1970, through February 27, 1971, in Carroll, Fulton, DeKalb, Gwinnett, Barrow, Jackson, Madison, Elbert, and all counties north of those listed. Bag limit one (I) per night per person.
(2) All counties south of the above named counties are open year round for the taking of raccoons. No bag limit. (260-2-.34 Amended)
SECTION 42
SQUIRREL: October 15, 1970, through February 27, 1971. Bag limit ten (10) daily. (2602-.35 Amended)