DEPARTMENT OF' FORESTRY AND GEOLOGICAL DEVELOPMEN
Vol. 6
ATLANTA, GA. JUNE, 1936
No.6
STREAM GAUGING AND WATER SURVEY
Pa.per Industry
URGED AT GEORGIA FORESTRY MEETING
Moves Southward
Columbus Meeting Attended by Many Who Are Vitally Interested in New Development Announced Re-
Forestry Forest Experts Warn Against Timber Waste. Bright
cently by Dr. Herty
Future Seen for Pulp Industry.
Many arguments have been used by paper
makers of the north to discourage this inThe fifteenth annual meeting of the Chamber of Commerce and to the Local dustry from coming to the south and estab-
Georgia Forestry Association, held at Co- Committee on Arrangements for their fine lishing mills. Along with the fact that
lumbus, May 7 and 8, was attended by a spirit of cooperation. Mr. Anderson dis the paper manufacturers of the north did
large number who are vitally interested in cussed briefly the importance of the as not want to disband their mills and bring
forestry, and in many respects was a very sociation's activities to the economic life of them to the south, which would entail great
important meeting.
the state and expressed the hope that the expense to them, they argued that paper
Among the various subjects discussed, meeting would result in much good. He could not be made from southern pines. probably the most important constructive expressed his pleasure in again being in Dr. Chas. H. Herty, who has worked
suggestion offered during the meeting was, Columbus.
faithfully in the paper and pulp laboratory
that necessary funds for cooperating with
President's Report
at Savannah, has definitely proven that
the Unlited States Geological Survey lin In making his annual report, President newsprint can be made from southern pines. conducting a water survey and gauging Woolford expressed his pleasure in being He recently announced that newsprint can Qf the streams of the state be raised as able to attend the Fifteenth annual meet be made from practically every pine that
quickly as possible. It was pointed out that many industries are beginning to look to Georgia as a possible place to locate, and that they require certain infor-
ing of the Association, stating that it was the eighth consecutive annual meeting which he has had the pleasure of attend ing. During these eight years Mr. Wool
grows in Georgia, or anywhere else in the south. His experiments show that the same quality of paper and pulp can be made from both fast growing and slow
mation as to the flow of streams and qual- ford stated that forestry has made remark- growing species.
ity ofthe water before they will locate. It able progress, both in the growing of trees The arguments used by the paper mak
is quite unfortunate that Georgia does not and knowledge as to. how to take care of ers of the north have been met by facts and
have any records of this nature at pres- the forests.
figures by Dr. Herty to prove that paper
ent, and it is important that funds be A brief history of the Association was can not only be made from pines of the
raised to ~J>btain these records.
given, in which Mr. Woolford pointed out south. but can be made at a cheaper price.
The association expressed itself as de- that the Georgia Forestry Association was According to his figures newsprint of
lighted with the hospitality of Columbus organized in January 1921. The Georgia the quality that would cost $47.48 to pro-
and the cooperation of the Columbus Cham- Forestry Committee of the Southern For- duce in the north can be made from south-
ber of Commerce. The delegates were en estry Congress passed the fdllowing reso- ern pines for $27.50. Dr. Herty also states
tertained at a luncheon and a banquet. lution at their annual meeting held in At- that pulp for making rayon costing $70 plus
T. Guy Woolford was re-elected as pres- lanta January 30, 1921: "Resolved, That freight charges to the south. can be made
ident, with Ell!iot Reed, of Savannah, as this committee as organized also function from soutfern pines for $35 per ton. The
Secretary, and Jos. A. McCord, Atlanta, re as the Georgia Forestry Association until paper makers of the north also argue that
elected as Treasurer. The association will hold its
next year at Athens.
meeting
such time as the Executive Committee sees
fit to call a state convention to e1ect officers, adopt a constitution and by-laws, and other details for a permanent and distinc-
the pulp made from southern pines will not b'~ of good enough quality to Make paper for use on large mills which have teriffic
speed. This argument has been challenged
Opening Session
tive organization to be acted upon by the by Dr. Herty who sent three tons of pulp
The invocation was, offered by Rev. Hen- qualified voting membership of this com- made from southern pines to paper ma-
ry G. Walker, of Columbus. In the ab mittee of said convention." Pursuant to chines in Canada. The paper made from
sence of K. s. Worthy, President, Colum- this resolution, an organization meeting this pulp made on these machines was of a
bus Chamber of Commerce. who was sched was called in Macon, June 6-7. 1922. At quality equal to any in the entire country.
uled to make the address of welcome, W. this meeting Bonne11 Stone was elected as Since Dr. Herty has so successfully dem-
J. Fielder, Chairman of the local commit- the first president.
onstrated the facts regarding the manu
tee on arrangements, extended a very In addition to the educational and in facture of paper and pulp from southern
hearty and cordial welcome, to which W. spirational value of the annual meetings pines, it is interesting to note that paper
T. Anderson, Editor, Macon Telegraph, re of the association Mr. Woolford pointed industries are beginning to look to the south
I sponded with appreciation and with thanks with very much pride to various accom- as a source of wood supply for making
to the City of Co:Jumbus, to the Columbus
(Continued on Page 2)
(Continued on Page 5)
2
FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW
Forestry-Geological Review
Published Monthly by the DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY AND
GEOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT State Capitol, Atlanta
CLAUDE E. BOGGS, EDITOR
Dr. Chas. H. Herty have completely dis forest economics, and related subjects qualified these statements, and today the which will serve as the scientific basis for
southeast is considered the best source for the practice of forestry, and in this way as
wood for making pulp and news print. sist in prollliOting the full use for timber Mr. Woo~W"d was very 10ptimistic as growing and other purposes of the one
to the future of the for,estry, stating that hundred and thirty-five million acres of
Forestry Division
it is generally conceded that our forests commercial forest lands in ,the southeast.
Elmer E. Dyal, State Forester________Atlanta are growing faster than we are cutting Some of the major accomPlishments of
JackFTohreusrtmeron_d__,___A___s_s__t_.___S___t_a__t_e_____________Atlanta them down. Our lumber is not u.f the same the station during the past year was given
Claude E. Boggs, Educational Mgr...Atlanta quality, of course, as that of the old orig as: Publishing of the bulletin "Artificial
T. P. Hursey, Dist. Forester______________Rome inal forests., but it is increasing in qual Reforestation in the Southern Pine Re-
W. D. Young, Dist. Forester______Gainesville ity, and quantity. The11e seems to. be a gion/' which gives the results of the last
S. L. McCrary, Dist. Forester________Augusta R. R. Evans, Dist. Forester__________Columbus
general feeling that forestry
is gradually .
ten
years
research on
seed,
nursery and
W. G. Wallace, Dist. Forester______Savannah coming into its own, and is IJearnmg to planting; the result of the first year's
R. D. Franklin, Dist. Forester______Waycross understand itself, its limitations, and its work of a turpentine experiment in south
H. D. Story, Jr., Dist. Forester_______Albany possibilities. We can look forward to the ern Georgia, the resUlt of using sulphuric
Mrs. BNo.okNk. eEepdewra-Trdrse,asurer ____________Atlanta I future with confidence, provided we udn acid on black locust seed to hasten germi-
Miss Hazel E. Nicholas, Secretary
derstand the fundamentals of forestry e nation; the result of a truck-logging and
to State Forester______________________Atlanta velopment, growth. preservation, and care. a mill scale study in the shortleaf-(loblolly M. E. Murphy, .Nurseryman____________Albany Regarding parks: Mr. Woolford stated pine 11egion. A cost production study in
Mrs. SWta.teL.NDurasveisr,y C___l_e__r_k_____________________Albany that much pro.gress had. been made during longleaf pine was made. which indicates
recent years m developmg a good system that all sizes of trees yie1d a profit when
Geological Division
of parks in Georgia, pointing out that the cut into pulp wood, but only those trees
Richard W. Smith, State Geologist, and Secretary to Commission..Atlanta
parks at Indian: Springs and Voge:I Park
ten inches in diameter can be used profit
G. W. Crickmay, Asst. State
ha've been greatly enlarged and expanded. ably in the production of resin barrels.
Geologist __________________________________Atlanta The park at Santo Domingo near Darien From a study of land ownership, valua
Lane Mitchell. Asst. State Geologist __________________________________Atlanta
was
dedicated
and
opened
to
the
public
tions. taxations,
tax-delinquency and pub
Miss Margaret Gann, Clerk___________Atlanta last November. The park at Crawford lie finance made in southeast Georgia.
ville is nearly completed. The park at Mr. Demmon pointed out that 2,700,
Any information appearing in this pub- Fort Mountain, near Dalton, is being de 000 ac11es of Georgia forest land is tax de
lication may be used at any time provided veloped, with other parks at Warm Springs, fault. Most of this represents land from
proper credit is given.-The Editor.
Albany and McRae well under way.
which good timber has been cut, and where
Forestry Meeting Cooperative Fire Protection
the owner is unwilling or unable to pay taxes. From a study ~f the Land Aban
(Continued from Page 1) plishments in which the asso.ciation has had a part. He referred to some of the unusual resolutilons of the Macon meeting in: 1935.
In s.peaking on "Evolution of Coopera tive Fire Protection," W. M. Oettmeier, Manager, Superior Pine Products Com pany, Fargo, Georgia, stated that fire pro tection and forestry education in the state of Georgia are continuously moving for-
donment in the lower Piedmont Region of Georgia it was found that a1though over four-fifths of the land area of this region had previously been cleared for farms, at present only twenty-two percent is growing agricultural crops. Severe erosion of the
The resdlution requesting the judges of ward with ever increasing strides and that soiL that has rendered much of this land
the suptlrior courts to charge grand juries each year brings us closer to the goal at physicaaly unsuited to farming, is one of
in regard to forest fires was mentioned which we are aiming. Mr. Oettmeier prais the chief reasons for this abandonment.
first. Practically all judges received this ed the members. of the CCC Camps for Much of this abandoned land has been
suggestion graciously and acted upon it. their services in: he:lping protect the for seeded to pine trees, and forests now oc
The Project to survey the route of the De est from fires and other improvements in cupy fifty-six percent of the total area of
Soto Expedition was endorsed. A resolu the forests. He stated that the landown this region.
tion covering a memorial to Bonne11 Stone, ers of the state could have never afforded
the Father of Forestry in Georgia, was the construction of wide firebreaks and Industrial Water Resources Survey
duly approved and the monument has been: truck trails which are an absolute n:eces In discussing this to.pic, C. E. McCashin,
erected on the lookout plateau at Neel's sity, and that the fire protection afforded by District Engineer, u. S. Geological Survey,
Gap, a point he loved oo well, in Vogel the CGC and emergency conservation work stressed the importance of having records
State Park. Other resolutions were re program was probably the beginning of of water flow in inducing new industries
ferred to, which clearly showed that the our greatest advancement.
to come to Georgia. It is very necessary
association has been very active in pro Mr. Oettmeier stated that the general to have a large quantity of water in op
moting the interest of better forestry in outlook for the forests of Georgia today is erating a paper and pulp mill. The first
the state.
probably brighter than at any other time question asked by people who are inquiring
It was pointed out by the president that in the past. Peop[e are gradually begin as to the possibility of locating such new
much progress has been made during re ning to see the light, and the prospect for industries in Georgia is: how much does
cent years in developing the paper and absolute fire protection is nu-t in the far your streams flow? Today we cannot give
pulp industry in the Southeast, especia11y distant future.
any accurate records as to the flow of any
in Georgia. He s.tated that shortly Slouth ern mills, one at Savannah, and one at
Forest Research
particular stream in Georgia. Mr. McCash in stated that Georgia is the only state
Crossett, Arkansas, would make "by far In telling of some of the results of the of the adjoining states that is not cooper
the larger part of Kraft paper manufac forest research conducted at the Southern ating with the U. S. Geo1ogical Survey in
tured in the South." It was only in: 1928 that the forest service !laboratories in Mad
Forest Experiment of twelve research
Station, stations
which is one
of the U. s.
obtaining will find
such records, and that Georgia it to her advantage to fall in
ison, Wisconsin. were saying that the Forest Service, located at New Orleans, line with adjacent states in making an
southern pine was too resinous in: its con La., E. L. Demmu.ns, director of the station inventory of her water resources, He stated
tent to be considered as satisfactory pulp said that research is being conducted in
for news print. Experiments conducted by reforestation, timber growing, protection.
(Continued on page 3)
FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW
3
Forestry Meeting
(Continued from Page 2)
benefits, if any. being derived from exist- and planting of 146,796 trees and shrubs ing forest laws, and all matters pertain- for landscaping, the planting of 1,425,000 ing to forest pro-tection in the state, also trees on denuded areas, and the conduct of
that the U- S. Geological Survey is pre- benefits to be derived from Federal Aid timber estimating surveys over 3.723,714
pared to cooperate with the state in ob- for forest protection and conservation. To acres.
taining and publishing the reco.rds of the make such reports. to the General Assembiy Pro-tection of the forest areas of Geor-
stream flow so 'Vital to growth and prog- as the Board may recommend. There; were gia from fire and the development of rec
ress. The survey has a trained personnel no existing forest laws previous ro this reational facilities within them have been
and has most modern equipment for this time save the ACT of 1903 prescribing the some of the primary achtevements of the
purpose. During the fiscal year 1936 the adulteration of turpentine.
Civilian Conser!Vation Corps camps estab-
Federal funds available for this work en- During the time from its organization to lished in the state in the past three years.
ables the survey to match every dollar of the passing of the Clark-McNary ACT, The Fire prevention, fighting and general
ftate money with eighty-five cents of Fed- Georgia Forestry Association has been control measures have aided state, private
era1 money, and that after July 1936 the 'very active, and has held annual conven and federaa plans to restore the forest
.cooperation will be on a fifty-fifty basis. tions to interest the public and thooe en areas in the state to productivity, for tim-
Mr. McCashin stated that it would be gaged in forestry products. in the subject ber growing conditions are exc.ellent
necessary for the state to raise ten thous- of forestry, its development and conserva throughout the state and need only the
and dollars per year, to be matched by an tion. It had now become time to enact a control of fire to allow natural reproduc-
equal amount from the U. S- Geological more comprehensive Forest Law. and the tion to take place successfu1ly.
Survey, to establish and maintain sixty Association sponso.red the enactment of the The work of the CCC in the state has stream gauging stations. This number present :law by the Legislature in August been on three different classifications of
should be increased from year to year as 1925, which created the present Board of land with, however, the emphasis in each
more funds are available, in o.rder that ac- Forestry. It is the declared policy of this case placed on fire control.
curate records might be obtained ron as state to encourage reforestation of cut-over Fire protection is being extended by
many streams as possible.
lands, and timber culture in general on means of the CCC to many thousands of
Luncheon
all lands not better suited for farming or acres of PRIVATE FOREST LAND
A very delightful luncheon was given to other purposes,
through the state. These lands, through
those attending the convention, at the Ral- Under the ACTS of 1931 the Depart cooperation of their owners with state and
ston Hotel. Dr. Chas. H. Herty acted as ments of Forestry and Geology were com federal forest agencies, are being .brought
Toastmaster. Judge G. Ogden Persons, delivering the
bined under the title of: The Department of Forestry and Geological Development.
under a includes
program o.f fire protection which the construction of truck trails
principal speech briefly, but very interest- Dr- George Foster Peabody gave a short and telephone lines and fire breaks and
ingly, outlined the Forestry Movement in talk, telling of his interest in forestry, and the clearance of fire hazards throughout
Georgia since it first begun. He said that expressing his delight in seeing the inter wooded areas and from roads and trail
this movement first started when a few est in forestry being manifested by such sides.
Georgians, under the rleadership of Bonnell a :large and enthusiastic group as the Geor- Fire protection is also the major work
Stone. met in Atlanta, Georgia, January gia Forestry Association. He compliment of the CCC camps established on the mil-
30, 1921, and organized the Georgia For- ed the members of the Association for the itary reservations in Georgia. The advent
estry Committee. Resolutions were passed splendid work they are doing in promoting of the corps made it possible for Army
at this meeting outlining its aims as: To better forestry practices in our state.
and Forest Service officials to put into
begin "the most important work of promoting the interest in the subject o.f forestry
CCC Work
effect plans for the protection and forest administration of these areas. Camps have
-to be continued on a well defined plan Speaking for Robert Fechner, Director been located on the reservations at Fort
and program for organizing forestry clubs of ECW work, who was scheduled to speak, Benning and Fort McPherson and on the
in Georgia." Money for this work was Charles H. Taylor, Assistant Director, very Andersonville National Cemetery.
subscribed for the necessary educational interestingly told of the accomplishment of During the three years the Civilian Con-
and puh1icity campaign, and the hiring of the CCC Camps throughout the entire servation Corps has been in op.eration this
an Executive Secretary. who was to devote United States. After relating the accom relief and reforestation Organization has
his entire time to field work. This crom- plishments of the Camps over the entire supplied direct employment for varying
mittee was to function as The Georgia For- United States, Mr. Taylor told, the Associa periods of time to an aggregate of 33,608
estry Assodiation until an organization tion of the benefits Georgia had derived Georgia men- Of these 30,011 were young
meeting could be held, which later was call- by having the Camps. He stated that: men and war veterans enrolled in the corps.
ed to meet in Macon, June 6-7, 1921, when work figures forwarded to the Office of The balance consisted of reserve officers
Bonne11 Stone was elected as the first the Director show that among the major in charge of the camps, foresters and: other
President of the Georgia Fo.restry Associ- work projects completed by the CCC in .technical personnel engaged to plan and su-
ation. UP UNTIL THIS TIME THERE the .state of Georgia du_ring the period pervise work programs, ski'lled and unskill
WAS NO LAW PROMOTING THE IN- from April, 1933, through December 31. ed mechanics and educational advisers. As
TEREST OF FORESTRY.
1935, were the construction of 1.847 miles of March 1. 1936, there were 10,876 Geor
The Georgia Forestry Association imme- of roads and truck trails as a fire protec gia men in the C-ivilian Conservation
diately began to function, and sponsored at tion measure, the stringing of 1,354 miles Corps. the Summer Session of the 1921 Georgia of telephone lines to provide instant com Figures based on reports from the Chief General Assembly a bill creating: THE munication in case of fire. the reduction of Finance of the U. S. Army disclose that GEORGIA STATE BOARD OF FORES- of fire hazards over 130,568 acres of forest CCC obligations for the state of Georgia TRY, which is described in the caption of land and 924 miles of road and trailside, through March 20, 1936, had been approxithe ACT as an "Investigating Committee-" the improvement of 54,349 acres of forest mately $28.865,000.
The duties of the members of this Board land through elimination of inferior trees, Vocational Education and Forestry
of Forestry was "To inquire into and in- the construction of 34.513 check dams as a Vestigate the condition of the state as to soH erosion prevention measure and the In discussing Vocational Education as its forest resources and timber supply; its carrying on of other soil erosion prevention it appliesr to Forestry, Dr. M. D. Conins,
idle land suitable for reforestation, the operations over 12,445 acres., the moving
(Continued on Page 4)
4
FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW
Forestry Meeting
Georgia, but let us remember that when up to its forest resource. If fully devel we do get them, we must give them the oped and wisely used this tremenduous and
(Continued from Page 3)
products of our forests taken out as thin- growing asset will solve most of the serioua
nings. and not as a fina1 crop. State Superintendent of Schools, said that
the people of this state should be proud
Banquet
prob1ems, both social and economic, that face us.
of the fact that the growth and develop- The banquet program Thursday evening
Railroads and Forestry
ment of vocational education in Geor- was featured by the address of Dr. Chas- Roland Turner, General Agricultural
gia, as well as in the United States, has H. Herty, Directo-r of the Paper and Pulp Agent for the Southern Railroad, told of
been made possible, in part, if not large1y, Laboratory in Savannah. President T. the relation forestry has to railroads, say-
by Georgians. Not only have Georgians Guy Woolford acted as Toastmaster.
ing that if the forest of our state were
led in securing national legislation for vo- A Glee Club composed of negro enrollees made more attractive by improving them,
cational education, they have a1so led in from the CCC Camp at Fort Benning en- taking out ugly and deformed trees and
launching other worthwhile programs of tertained those attending the banquet very planting some shrubs, flowers and attrac
value to. the people of the state. Accord- delightful1y with a group of Negro Spirit- tive trees, that more people would ride the
ing to vocational leaders, Georgia has the uals.
railroads into our state and visit our for-
most unique and practical method of teach- In his address Dr. Herty gave facts and ests- He told also of the economic imPQr-
ing forestry now in operation in the Unit- figures which very plainly prove that tance of the forest to the railroads, in that
ed States. This program of forestry edu- pulp and newsprint can be made from the the railroads derived a goodly portion of
cation was started in Georgia seven years southern pines much cheaper and of as their revenue from transportnig forest ago. It is being carried on, on a coo-pera- good quality as that made from northern products. He urged th~t we practice bet
tive basis by the Georgia Forest Service woods-
ter forestry thereby producing better for-
and the department of vocational educa- Samples of beautiful white pulp and est products, and in the end deriving more
tion, of the State Department of Educa- samples of newsprint made from Southern income from our forests.
tion, Georgia was the first to start such a program- Since it was started several states have adopted the Georgia plan.
Dr. Collins stated that since the inaugu-
pines were displayed by Dr. Herty.
Situation of Southern Forests
Captain I. F. Eldridge, of the United
Carpet Grass and Beef Cattle
In discussing this subject, James A. Fowler. prominent Truetlen County timber-
ration of the forestry educational program States Forest Service, speaking on the pro- roan, very interestingly told of his experi-
from four to seven thousand farm boys gram Friday afternoon said: The Deep ence in using Carpet Grass not only as a
have been given practical training, each South is commonly regarded as an agricul- fire protection, but for fattening beef cat-
year, by vocational teachers in such jobs tural country. Cotton is King-and after tle, thereby making it bring him relvenue
as the collection, care and marketing of cotton, tobacco, corn and cane. ActuaUy in two ways. Mr. Fowler has been very
tree seed; making and operating a seed it is a timber country. The Forest Survey successful in the raising of carpet grass
bed; construction of fire breaks; identifi shows that over sixty percent of the land among his pines, and at the same time
cation of trees; uses of wood; harvesting area is in fQrest. Only twenty percent is has fattened several hundred head of beef
and marketing timber; thinning and im- in actual cultivation and five percent in cattle, which brought him a large sum of
provement cutting; and estimating the vol- pasture. The rest is in abandoned crop money. Other timbermen, seeing the sue
ume of standing timber.
land, towns, roads, other right of ways, cess Mr. Fowler has had with this combi
He further pointed out that the conser- and marsh. After more than one hundred nation, are beginning to follow his exam
vation and the development of our forest years of intensive !levelopment for agricul- pie.
resources depends largely on the develop ment and training of farm youth of the state, who are the future farmers and the future foresters of our state.
ture, fifty-eight percent of the state of Georgia is stm in s'Ome stage of forest growth. In every Survey unit thus far traversed, the area in forest has been found to be increasing-the area in crops
Naval Stores and Forestry
Saying that attempts to raise price levels artificially has resulted disastrously, H. L. Keyton, Secretary to the Georgia Forestry
Forest Products and Utilization decreasing. It is high time that the South Association advocated research and adver
In discussing this subject, Chas. F. realizes its main stock in trade and be- tising to improve the lot of naval stores
Evans, speaking in the absence of Jos. C. comes forest-minded.
produced. Experience has shown that on
Kircher, pointed out the invasion of Geor- In twelve survey units for which data low markets the consumption of turpen
gia bv the paper and pulp mil1s, hailed as have been computed, containing 82 million tine increases, that the demand decreases
a blessing, can prove a curse if the forest acres (less than half of the Deep South) when the prices are high. This is because
lands of Georgia are not sensibly managed 54 milHon acres are forest land. Seventy- substitutes have been found for naval sto-re
for a continuous yield of pulp and paper- six percent of this forest land supp'Orts products when the market is high.
You already know that timber down to four second-growth timber. Fifteen percent is Mr. Keyton said "It is estimated that
inches in diameter can be used for pulp, still in old-Growth timber. Only nine per- the Commodity Credit Corporation has sus
and statements have already been made cent has failed as yet to restock itself. The tained a loss of at least $1,500,00 through
that pulp can be grown on very short rota timber on this 54 miUion acres, converted its loan in 1934 and 1935 to the naval
tions. If we allow pulp mills to come in to cords, totals 441 million cords or eight stores producers in an attempt to advance
and clear-cut our stands at a young age, it cords per forest acre. The present annual and maintain the market quotations of
wi1l not be long before our stands will be growth is 18 million cords, the drain by resin and turpentine- Prices are lower to
ruined and the country be devastated. use eight and a half mil1ion cords.
day than they were when the move was
We must base our forest management Were as much effort given to developing first initiated.
not upon the production of one single crop, the South's forest resources as is given to Had an equal amount been set aside for
such as pulpwood and turpentine, but upon developing its agriculture, the benefits the purpose of research and advertising, a
a combination of these products which the would reach every part of the South and program running over a long period of
forest will yield, starting with pulp wood every phase of industrial and commercial years could hvae been established and work
and ending with a high grade material activity.
of a constructive nature been assured.
such as polie, piling, or saw timber. No op- With proper forest management, growth Wider uses and lower costs of production
portunity should be overlooked, however, might ibe douh1ed.
was suggested by Mr. Keyton as the solu
to encourage pulp mills to establish in The South's future is unescapably tied tion to the naval stores problems.
FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW
6
Paper Industry
Fo-restry Association in Columbus last ing of timber in Georgia by means of ademonth. Each has expressed himself as quate fire protection, judicious manage-
(Continued from Page 1)
having enjoyed the meeting and as having ment and enlarged markets.
profited from the information brought out
paper and paper products. In a recent issue at the meeting. Of especial interest was
C. C. C. Camps-TPO'S of the Manufacturers' Guide, statements the illustrated lecture given by Capt. I. F. And Their Activities were made to prove that paper industries E'ldridge of the Forest Survey. The Camp
were looking to the south with a great deal Superintendents, from the information
of interest. According to their statement. learned at the meeting, will be better able Since the Establishment of the C. C.
paper plant projects recently established to help the TPO's in their camp areas to
C. Camps in Georgia
in the south, under way, or scheduled will educate the people regarding the value of
total more than $13,000,000.
properly growing trees for profit.
Realizing that the readers of the Review
The latest general contract to be awarded
would be interested in the many activities
is that of the Kraft Pulp and Paper Mill Union Bag Paper Mill Beginning carried on in the various camps and the
for the Crossett Lumbecr Company at Crossett. Arkansas. which is estimated to
Operations
work being done in their Timber Protective Organizations, we have decided to devote
involve an investment of $4.000,000.
The Union Bag and Paper Corporation each month in the Review adequate space
Information has also just been received mill at Savannah, the first to be establish- for their news and progress. In response
that the Container Company of America ed in Georgia following Dr. Charles H. to requests made to the various camp su has picked a site at Fernandina, Florida Herty's experiments in pulp and paper perintendents and T- P. 0. secretaries, the and that. negotiations are under way fo; manufacture from Southern Pines, an- following news items have been received:
establishing two other major paper plants nounced the beginning of woods operations along the Atlantic Seaboard, one of which about May 15th. Actual paper making
Camp P-82, Tar City T. P. 0.
With a camp strength of 181 men, 20 of
will probably be located at Brunswick-
will begin in July. but shipments of pulp whom are new, P-82 is. at present, working
A contract has been let for establishing wood were begun shortly after the middle on 65 miles of truck trai1s in an effort to
a paper and pulp mill of the Champion of May.
bring them up to new specifications. We
Pa~er and Fibre Company of Hamilton, Mr. J- H. Allen, Director, has had a wide are also constructing 7 1-2 miles of tele
Oh10. and Canton, N. C. on the ship canal experience in locating pulp and paper mills phone line from Tower 74ES, completed
to Houston, Texas. At the John H. Heald in the South- Of especial interest is the last month, to Beards Creek. This line will,
Oompany's plant at Lynchburg, Virginia, an expansion program involving an out-
foafc tpitnhea tt ihmebhear lsa npdlacuendd esor mmean50a0~e0m00enatcreins
sometime in the future, be connected with Towers in Long and Liberty counties.
lay of approximately $500,000 is being com- the South, prior to coming to Savannah. The detachment of 45 men, assigned to
pleted for the making of liner board.
His company now owns approximately 60,- the Hinesville Side Camp, is completing
From these various expansion and :le- 0~0 acres of timberland in Georgia, which truck trails and bridges that were left par-
relopment programs, one can readily see Will be managed intensively for sustained tially completed when the base camp was
that the manufacturers of paper and paper yield production of pulp wood.
moved from that area. They also have
prO<Iucts, and wood products are beginning We note_ with great interest the policy three timber type crews at work on the
to look to the south for timber supplies of the Umon Bag Paper Mill, regarding Coastal T. P. 0. in Mcintosh County. We
for the manufacture of these various pro- forest management and fire protection by hope to begin the construction of firebreaks
ducts. Therefore, timber owners of the landowners from whom pulp wood is pur- and truck trails on this area in the near
s?uth should protect their forest lands from chased. All landowners from whom pulp future. fire as they never have before, in order wood is purchased, are encouraged to sign
W. K. PEAGLER,
that they may be abLe to dispose of their a pledge calling for fire protection and
Project Supt.
timber at a price that will give them a sustained yield management. The paper
profit.
mill, through its forester, Mr. Albert Er-
?est, will assist the landowners in carry-
Camp P-90, Grand Bay T. P. 0.
mg out the policy of the company. Suc- The enrollment of the camp jumped
SIXTH DISTRICT
cess of this program depends on the coop- from 162 to 183 on May 10, when 21 new eration and far-sightedness of the land- members were sent to the camp from the
W. G. Wallace, Dist. Forester, owners. We also note that a policy of re Albany recruiting station for conditioning.
Savannah
gional sustained yield management has After two weeks, in which time they are been made. If properly carried out this given typhoid inoculatio.n and smallpox
po.Jicy will assure an adequate supply of vaccination, they will be turned over by the
Two Steel Towers Erected by CCC timber in the area concerned for genera Army to the Using Service for field work.
. Of especial interest to those interested m forest fire protection in Southeast Georgia, is the announcement that two one hundred foot steel lookout towers have just been completed by the CCC at Reidsville ~nd Swainsboro.. The tower at Reidsville Is located on the Tar City TPO in Tattnall County, and the other tower was constructed on the Canoochee TPO near Oak Park, Georgia on State Highway No. 4.
tions. According to Mr. Ernest, forester for
the Union Bag Mill. about 1,000 men will be required full time in producing pulp wood and transporting it to the mill. About 1,000 additional employees will be used at the mill, one-half of whom will probably be women, who will assist in the manufac ture of the finished products of the mill.
It can therefore readily be seen that the benefits of this, the first paper mill in
A 99'9" steel tower has been erected by the camp about four miles from Lakeland, on Georgia Highway No. 11, The tower is completed except for flooring in the cab and steps. This can be installed in a very short length of time when received. Four teen miles of telephone poles have been set and the wire is now being strung. This line will tie the Lakeland area in with the Homerville area, and the observation towers of each area will be able to spot and
CCC Superintendents Attend Georgia Forestry Association Meeting
Georgia, will be far and wide-reaching
not only the timberland owners but the 'Butcher, baker and candle stic' k maker"
give check readings on fires in Lanier, Clinch. Atkinson, Berrien and Lowndes counties.
Superintendents McCranie, Peagler and as well.
The recent dry weather has made it pos-
Jackson, all of the Savannah tended the annual meteing of
DthiestrGiec~trgaita-
The Georgia Forest Service pledges its cooperati:on towards. the profitable grow
sible
to work daily on fills and culverts (Continued on next Page)
FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW
I on truck trails which were cleared and were discussed, among which was a general Inspector Gerrard
stumped during the winter and fall, but outline of the WIOrk being done by Mr. Lawwhich, because of too much water, were ton and District. Forester, Story. Mr. Story
Visits Nursery
unable to be completed at the time started. assured us of full co-operation from his U. S. Regional Inspector Paul H. Ger
office in every way.
rard visited the South Georgia Nursery on
Camp P-87, Rome, T. P. 0.
After a full discussion of work plans for May 4, and his findings are forwarded to
the coming year. the Nominating Commit State Forester, Elmer E. Dyal. He comNow that the hard winter months are be- tee reported the following members nomi- mends well-advised location of the nursery hind us, work at P-87 has attained normal nated to the Executive Board for the fol- and the unusually large percentage proprogress. The T. P. 0. is getting some lowing year: Messrs. Alex Sessoms, Cog ductiron of first-grade seedlings to small rather excellent truck trail construction. dell; L. L. Patten, Lakeland; W. D. Lee, area planted. There has been a marked It is m'ountain work, and wholly different Ray City; D. Q. Johnston, Stockton; Wal increase in the sales of seedlings over the
from South Georgia trails. Bridges and do Henderson, Lakeland; T. W. Payne, last four years, and a larger production
culverts are all of the rubble construction, Valdosta.
program has been planned to meet the
and the enro1Iees are proving apt at this
growing demand for stock. The urgent
work. Some sections of the roadways have
MY HOME FORESTRY to be surfaced with chert. which is abunPROJECT dant in this locality, so that enrolles are
need for more funds was cited; such amounts to be used for immediate erection of more adequate structures and equipment
g.etting experence in nearly all phases of
facilities with which to meet these de-
road construction.
Winner of Fifth Monthly Prize mands. The District Forester has given
Another feature of the work that is dif-
Offered by Georgia Forestry
much time to the nursery, and to his in
ferent from that encountered in South
Association
terest and constant supervision much of its
Georgia, is the solid rock encountered in
growth and success is accredited.
excavation. This necessitates the use of Sale City High School Student
The South Georgia Nursery is located
air compressors and drilling, and of dyna-
3 miles from Albany. It is operated by the
mite for shooting. Enrollees receive spe-
EVERETT HIGH
State Department of Forestry and Geolog-
cial instructions in the use of explosives, and it is only with extreme caution that they are used.
A lake is located in the middle of the camp site, about an acre in extent. Enrollees have constructed a first class spring board, and swimming proves a pleasant diversion in the afternons.
It is hoped that the camp strength will be allowed to reach an approximate 200 again. If it does that, considerable work will be accomplished during the current season.
In my study of forestry in our vocational classes I have learned the effect of fire to the forests. After learning the terrible amount of damage done to the :llorest by fires I could not keep from telling my neighbors, and trying to get them to protect their forests from this disastrous enemy, As a result of my efforts there is quite a different scene in my community this year than last. The trees have a much brighter green color! and appear to be more thrifty.
When I approach the farmers of my
ical Development under the supervision of District Forester, Henry David Storey. It consists of 11 1-2 acres. about half of which is seeded in Longleaf, Loblolly and Slash Pine.
The seeds come from all sections of Georgia, They are collected and extracted by C. C. C. enrollees at the various Forest Camps. After cleaning, these seeds are tested for cutting and germination before storing and planting. Planting time is usually between February 15 and March 15, but due to the excessive wet weather
Camp P-68, Coffee-Jeff Davis T. P. 0.
community to. tell them of the damage fire and frozen ground both planting and ship does to the forests they tried to tell me ping were delayed this year.. The develop that when they burned the forests there ed plants are purchased by private land
Thirty miles of telephone line is being would be more grass. I told them this was owners, State Parks, and by the Re-
dismantled at Albany, Ga., and transported not the case at all, but on the contrast settlement Administration, to be used
to Fitzgerald, to be used in the telephone there was less grass. It appears to be for production, conservation purposes and
system between Douglas and Fitzgerald via more grass, due to the fact that the grass for beautification. These seedlings are sold
Denton, Ga. This line will serve two look- shows to a very large extent on top of the posit~'vely at cost and with no idea of
out towers to be c~mstructed at Denton and black burned ground. Government test profit.
four miles west of Pridgen, Ga.
halve proven that there is not only more Below is shown the comparative produc
Twenty-one new enrollees have been re- grass on unburned areas, but that the grass tion tables for the year 1934-35 and the
ce.fved into Company No. 1433, bringing is more nutritious.
planned program for 1936.
the strength up to 192.
My forestry project consists of twenty-
1934-35
1936
This project area has been recently in- five acres. I have put into practice on Loblolly Pine ______ 741,810
300,000
creased by that portion of Bacon County these twenty-five acres the principles I Longleaf Pine ____ 369,275
60.000
west of U. S. Route No. 1. One lookout have been taught in the class room. by my Slash Pine --------- 1,547,500
4,500,000
tower is now being constructed on this teacher of vocational agriculture.
highway, by this camp, two miles north of I have thinned my project, taking out
TotaL_________ Ui58,585
4,860,000
Alma, Ga.
diseased and deformed trees, established The production increase shown above is
firebreaks where needed. pruned trees that approximately the amount of stock for
Grand Bay, T. P. 0. Membership Meeting
were needing pruning.
which orders were received last year and
My study of forestry in the classroom which were prorated to applicants. Without
has taught me many methods to follow in the rotation system, it is estimated that
A membership meeting was held at the order to have better forests. Unless the the entire acreage of the nursery can pro
Lanier County Court House, on Thursday timber growers of our state practice bet- duce 10,000,000 seedlings.
afternoon, May 14. It was attended by ter forestry practices as a whole our for- Even with this extended program of pro
a good many of the members. H. D. Story, ests wi1I, in the near future, be completely duction, the State Forester forsees a pos
District Forester from Albany, Ga., and destroyed.
sible shortage and advises all landowners
J. M. Lawton, Project Superintendent of I would advise that we begin now to pro desiring seedlings to forward their orders
the local C. C. C. Camp were also present. tect our forests from fires and follow bet- promptly. The plants can then be shipped
Quite a number of interesting subjects ter forestry practices.
when ready.
FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW
7
slab of creole marble, cut from a slab in
THE GEORGIA STATE MUSEUM
four pieces and arranged so that the center pattern is symetrical. Many people
imagine seeing the design of a frog or tur-
tle in this piece. . At world fairs this slab
Reported by THE DIVISION OF GEOLOGY
has won several gold medals.
Now we shall proceed down the east cor
ridor by the mineral cases. The specimens
LANE MITCHELL
in these cases (N. E. 5 through 12) rep resent nearly every mineral ever found in
the State. The minerals are classified ac-
cording to chemical composition in the
A. PERSONALLY CONDUCTED examples of Georgia stones which can be most widely accepted manner called the
TOUR THROUGH GEORGIA cut and polished for jewelry. No very val- Dana System which groups minerals as
STAT.E MUSEUM
uable stones have been found in Georgia, native elements, sulphides, oxides, carbon
unless reported finds of diamond and ruby ates, silicates, etc. Our direction of travel
Starting with the cases immediately in had some truth in them. The gem case makes us view this arrangement in reverse
front of the State Geologist's office (425) shows forms of quartz as rock crystal. order. To call attention to a few of the
our tour shall progress down the east cor- smoky quartz. amethyst, rose quartz, ruti- mineral specimens, for instance, as we pass
ridor by the Senate balcony to the north lated quartz, chatoyant and opalesent by the first case (N. E. 5) we see barite
side of the building, thence alongside the quartz, agate, jasper, and opalized wood. and talc and kindred minerals. The second
classified mineral cases to the northern- Other gem stones displayed are beryl, gar- (N. E. 6) contains the mica, garnet, kyan
most corridor, thence west by the marble net, moonstone and staurolite. The case ite, and tourmaline. In the next (N. E. 7)
columns and meteor to the large display also contains specimens of flexible sand- is the asbestos, feldspar and calcite. Then
cases in the western corridor oo the eleva- stone, lightening-formed sand tubes called in case N. E. 8 we find the maganese ore,
tor, thence east to the display of economic fulgurites, and a tiny meteorite. A glass pyrolusite, and the aluminum ore, bauxite,
geology where we reverse directions and replica of the famous Jonker diamond is and the iron ores. Case N. E. 9 contains
go through booth housing the display of also included.
world famous rutile crystals from Graves
Flourescent Minerals. Being again beside In case (S. E. No. 4) you will see the Mountain and some near gem quality co-
the elevato.r. we shall go south past the Pitts' collection of polished stones. Mr. rundum. Amethysts and other quartz
, House of Representatives' balcony to the Wm. Pitts, formerly of Georgia, now col types. predominate in the next two cases
south end of the building passing by the lects stones from all over the world and (N. E. 10 and 11). In the last case (N.
bird cases to the archaeology and paleon- cuts and polishes them. His collection in E. 12) we find pyrite or pyrites, the sul-
tology cases to the southernmost corridor, this museum contains petrified wood slabs, phide of iron which is so commonly mis-
thence east by the agricultural cases to beautifully polished slabs of colored stones. taken for gold and hence called "fools'
the east corridor where we go north to and numerous stones cut in gem fashion. gold."
the State Geologist's office, the original
starting point.
With our direction of travel now decided
on and with occasional reference oo the
Among these are several Georgia stones, the most notable being the red corundum which but for the flaws would be a real ruby.
Turning west here along the northernmost corridor we pause at another case (N. E. 13) of sulphide minerals, principally pyrite, and see an instrument included in the
floor plan of the State Museum, we should The next case contains some unusually case of a type which was fraudulently exnot encounter any trouble in seeing every pretty mineral specimens which have been ploited and sold to the public as a divining
thing in the museum. Let us then get back brought into the Sta1te Geologist's office. rod, an instrument capable of locating ~ our starting point and begin the tour. A complete set-up of one of the small mu precious metals by some magical property
The gold case (S. E. No. 6) contains a seums furnished by the Division of Geology claimed for it. As a matter of fact there
number of gold nuggets purchased by the to high schools and colleges of the State is is no such instrument worthy of faith by
State some years ago. These nuggets were also in this case.
the public. Hazel sticks, mineral finding
found in river beds, either ancient or mod- Next we see a complete collection of tree needles, and all other divining rods, "doodle
ern, where they had collected through the sections showing the bark and wood of bugs," or water witches are fakes and have
centuries after .being washed out of the each of the trees native to Georgia. A no real value to the honest seeker of min-
rocks containing them. The nuggets are map attached shows the distribution of the eral deposits.
exactly as found in the stream bed, with species throughout the State.
Along the wall of the northernmost cor-
surfaces polished and rounded by action of the water. One theory suggests that gold dust might accumulate and become compressed into a larger nugget by the pounding of rocks and gravel but no one knows that this is the case. It seems more likely that large lumps of gold were detached from their original hiding places and carried into the rivers to be
An old mantle in the east corridor shows use of Georgia maple and verde antique marble.
In cubicle D is a model of the home of Alexander Stephens, Vice-President of the Confederacy. The home at Crawfordville, Georgia. is now the site of a State Park. On the floor beneath this exhibit are large
ridor are cases containing some of the ore
minerals. You will notice that the gold ores are principally iron stained vein
quartz and it is doubtful if you can see one particle of gold in all the specimens. Modern refining methods can, however, re
move the particles too fine oo be seen and
concentrate them into larger quantities.
polished and rounded. Most gold today is whale bones found in the Georgia Coasta! The classical columns standing upright
recovered from hard rock mining and the Plain. At the end of this hallway opposite along the center of this hallway are all cut
usual quartz gold ores show no free gold office 431 are some cases containing from Georgia marble.
to the naked eye. The ore in this case mounted butterflys and other entymologi- The largest meteor ever found in Geor
showing little threads and masses of gold cal specimens. To the west in the hallway gia comprises exhibit N. W. 13. This
is very unusual ore. The gold coins were running over toward the elevator are sev- meteor is composed of iron and nickel and
minted in the United States mint which eral blocks of ma~ble and a case of assort- fell in the vicinity of Social Circle, Georg-
used to be at Dahlonega.
ed minerals (N. E. 2, 3, 4). Now let us ia. No one saw it fall and it was deter-
Back of the go.ld case is the semi-precious turn about and face the wall behind us. mined to be a meteor by its nickel content,
stone case (S. E. No. 5). Here we see the There hanging on the wall is a beautiful no earthly alloy containing such a large
s-
FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW
quantity of nickel as is present in meteors. is of a type that once flourished in a warm The Georgia Mineral Society has chango-_
The weight of this large meteor is 219 lbs. humid climate and later was converted into ed its meeting night from the first Mon
Case N. W. 11 contains shells, marls and coal such as we burn today. Both of these day in every month to the last Monday in.
limestones.
fossils came from northwest Georgia where the month- The next meeting will be held
The large upright cases in the west cor- remains or casts of creatures and plants on June 29th. The next field trip, ho.w-
ridor contain exhibits of mineral products. that lived in Paleozoic time are found. ever, will be held early in June and will be
Case N- W. 12 contains fire brick and re- The cotton stalk in case S. W. 18 is to the Ducktown and Copper Hill areaa
fractories made from Georgia clays. Case claimed to contain a record number of bolls. just north of the Georgia line in Tennes-
N. W. 9 contains Georgia terra cotta, 715 open bolls on this stalk were counted- see. P. B. Blakemore, Jr. will lead the
whereas case N. W. 8 shows use o-f Georgia The specimen came from north Fulton excursion. He spoke to the members on
kaolin in china ware and paper coating. county and was grown in 1912.
the Mineralogy and Geology of the area
The next case shows modern aluminum Agricultural exhibits and soil specimens at the May meeting of the Society.
ware as made from the metal extracted from Georgia bauxite.
Cases N- W. 5 and 4 beside the elevators
are displayed in the large upright cases in the southernmost corridor (S. W. 19 and 20 and S. E. 11 and 12).
Approximately 100 sets of Georgia rock~ . and minerals have been placed in schools
contain clay and odd mineral specimens. Going north in the eastern corridor we of the State by the Division of Geology. The cases in this hallway alongside the pass by cases containing various pictures Further distribution of these museums ia
wall (N. W. 7 and 10) also contain odd and specimens of insects and their destruc- planned after the enthusiastic reception
assorted specimens o-f rocks, minerals and tive work.
and successful use of the first sets. As-
fossils. Case N. W. 4 immediately oppo Opposite office 425 we reach our original sistant State Geologist Lane Mitchell has
site the elevator! also contains several inter- starting point. Questions will be gladly restocked the bins with the various speci-
esting Indian relics and artifacts. Turning east in the corridor
running
answered in the office of the State Geologist.
mens and John Rauch is at present pre paring additional sets for distribution.
across the building from the elevators we see a stand containing numerous blocks of stone. These blocks represent most of Georgia's commercial building stones finished in several different ways on the dif-
FROM A GEOLOGIST'S NOTE BOOK
Georgia vermiculite is now being pro-
duced for commercial use, it was learned
Bureau of Mines Publications of Interest to Georgia Mineral Producers
INFORMATION CIRCULARS 6879. Sand and gravel excavation, Part 6.
ferent faces. of the cubes.
recently. The Jethro Burrell property in
Mining methods, by J. R. Thoenen,
A petrified tree trunk comprises exhibit Towns County is now being worked and 6881. Trends in white pigment consump-
N. E. 1. In cubicle C are educational it is locally reported that other properties
tion, by Paul M. Tyler.
cases, sandstone and granite specimens. are under consideration. The vermiculite 6882. Alums and aluminum sulphate, by
and a stuffed alligator.
is a golden colored mica and is an excel-
John B. Umhau. 32 pp. 1 fig. De-
Here we turn and go through the en- lent heat and sound insulator after being
scribes alums, with their uses and
trance to the Flourescent minerals exhibit. exfoliated by heat into a light, fluffy mass.
substitutes, reviews history, dis~
Directions for o-perating this display are The golden color is sometimes utilized in painted. on the cabinet windows- The ultra- the manufacture of inks and paints.
cusses methods of production, and includes data on imports, exports;
violet rays from the lamp are changed
tariff history, consumption. mark.et8
when they strike the minerals in this case The large number of deep wells in north
and prices- Gives list of producers
into visible light and the rays reaching the Fulton county have shown considerable
and bibliography. Georgia bauxite
eye are of brilliantly colored light. In or- variation in the depth at which water was
is largely used in the manufacture
dinary light these same minerals have obtained. In order to be of service to Geor-
of alum and alum salts.
quite a different appearance as can be gia citizens planning the expenditure of 6843. Revised. Prospecting for lode gold,
seen.
the large sums of money required for drill-
by E. D. Gardner, and Locating'
Now as we go down the west corridor ing such a well, the Division of Geology is
claims on the public domain, by
we see so-me unusual geologic specimens on undertaking a survey of all the wells of
Fred W. Johnson. Discusses meth-
top of the storage cabinets. Further along, the area and is collecting all available data
ods used and equipment needed in
in case S. W'. 1 we see birds of Georgia on the history of production and adequacy
prospecting for lode gold, and listS
and (S. W. 4) a possible scene in warm and geology of the formations encountered.
principal laws and regulations per-
south Georgia.
Local well drillers are cooperating in this
taining to location of lode claims oa
In the corridor running to the east is a matter by furnishing logs and saving cut-
public lands.
case (S- W. 3) showing eggs of Georgia tings on wells they drill. Blanks for the These publications may be obtained free
birds and displaying some of the literature logs and sacks for the cuttings are furnish- of charge on application to Information:
o-f the Game and Fish Department.
ed free by the State Geologist to all drill- Division, U. S. Bureau of Mines, WiaihillJr
Going south now in the weatern corridor, ers. Similar information is wanted from ton, D. C. we pass by cases (S. W. 5, 6, 7, 8, li), 10, all other points in Georgia. The State
s.w. 11) containing stuffed birds and animals
and one (S. W~ 10) containing an educa tional exhibit of rattlesnake bite remedies.
Shells, shark teeth, ancient elephant and horse bo-nes and other fossils from the Coastal Plain of Georgia are found in case
12. Arrowheads, Indian artifacts, and Civil
War relics are in case S. W. 13. The next three 'cases (S. W. 14, 15, 16)
Geologist will be glad to lend assistance to any driller or property owner in the State in the matter of furnishing all available information. In order to obtain further data, he will furnish log blanks and cutting bags to all Georgia drillers. He urges all possible cooperation from drillers. Georgia citizens, and municipalities plan ning or drilling or operating such wells.
"Georgia Land Use Problems," by W. A.:Hartman and H. H. Wooten is the title of. Bulletin 191 of the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, Experiment, Georgia This very interesting and informative book treats of the soil types, the crops. erosion, the forests, the topography and geography, and all other factors affecting the efficient and economic use of Georgia.
contain more rock and fossil specimens. The articles in the last Review and in land. Some definite recommendations are:
The large corals in case S. W. 15 are skele- this issue on the Georgia State Museum made for certain counties. The Bulletin is.
tons of creatures which once. lived in the are to be reprinted into an Information available at no cost to Georgia citizens,
sea that covered the area now northwest Circular available to all parties visiting upon application to H. P. Stuckey, Direc
Georgia. The fossil plant in the same case the museum.
tor, Experiment, Georgia.