Forestry-geological review [Sept. 1933]

DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY AND GEOLOGICAL DEVELOPMEN

Vol. 3

ATLANTA, GA., SEPTEMBER, 1933

No. 9

THIRD VOCATIONAL FORESTRY SCHOOL

plot, collect and mount leaf samples, giving

CAMP

INTERESTS

100

BOYS

both the common and scientific nam es. All timber above 10 inches in diameter on the

area was cruised for an estimate of board

SCHOOL CAMP HELD JULY 24 TO AUGUST 12 AT CLARKESVILLE feet and cordwood conten t. Plans for im-

A. & M. SCHOOL-FORTY-SIX RECEIVED CERTIFICATES OF VO- proving t he forest were outlined by each

CATIONAL FORESTER-EARNEST WORK, ATHLETICS, EXCUR- student. Studies of harvesting, marketing

SIONS, MOVING PICTURES, ENTERTAINING PROGRAMS FEA- and uses of wood were made.

TURE SESSION-PERSONNEL OF STUDENT BODY VERY

While this intensive work for second

HIGH ORDER

year boys was going on, the first year boys

were instructed on other areas along simi-

The third annual t hree-weeks session of Supervisor of vocational agricultural teach- lar lines to familiarize them with the in-

the Vocational Forestry School Camp ing, has been a very successful camp man- struments to be used a nd the general prin-

came to a successful conclusion Friday ager for the three sessions of the camp. ciples of work to be done next year.

ni ght, August 11, at the Clarkesville Age Abo ut three-fourths of the time a llotted Every boy was interested and carried on

ricultural and Mechanical School. Forty- to sch ool work each day was devoted to th e work assigned. There was plenty of

six young men who had attended two camp work in the woo ds. In keeping with the work to do in the woods, in their class-

sessions received certificates of Vocation- system used in vocational work, t h e j ob rooms and in their rooming quarters. But

al Forester after completing six weeks of method of teaching was u se d. Each stu- while there was plenty of work, there were

intensive training in tree ident ification , sil- dent was required to do each job and con- opportunities for play. Under th e able di-

viculture, timber cruising; marketing and vince the teacher that he kn ew how to do re ction of C. 0. Parker, of the staff, ath-

wood utilization, a course of work that it.

letic contests were carried on between the

qualifies the holders of certificates to do An area of abo ut 15 acres of wood land first a nd second year boys. Baseball, ten-

non-technical jobs in forestry.

was laid out. Each of the second year stu- nis, swimming, relays, basketball and horse-

The students were a select list of high dents was req ui red to survey the tract, sh oe pitching were t h e principle athletic

school boys from Smith-Hugh es rural high make a topographic map of it on graph pa- events.

schools of t h e state who had studied fores- p er, using colors to show b oth physical fea- Each Saturday, a n excursion into the

try under vocational agricultural teachers tures and forest types. They were required mountains was conducted. The first trip

and had practiced forestry on sch ool for - to identify every species of tree on the was made to the top of Blo od Mountain

ests and on home projects, and who had

and to Vogel Park. An afternoon was tak-

won camp scholarships in competitive for-

en to visit Lake Burton, where swimming

estry examinations, as well as for general

contests were conducted. The second Sat-

scholar ship a nd moral character. This se-

urday excursion was to Tallulah Gorge,

lect group of farm boys, intensely inter-

where the boys were privileged to inspect

ested in forestry, made instruction a

the wonderful power plant at that place.

pleasure.

Numerous trips were made with teachers t <!

In a ll t h ere were 99 students, 53 of

identify trees and forest types.

whom were first year boys. They came

Speakers Heard

from 50 co unties of the state where r ural

During the camp session several speak-

consolidated schools are teaching vocation-

ers were heard. J. T. Wheeler, of the Uni-

al agriculture.

versity of Georgia spoke on birds and their

This year the camp has been conducted

valu e. Mrs. M. E. Judd, Dalton, member of

without t he valued services of district for-

t he Commission of Forestry and Geological

. esters who were too heavily involved with

Development, made an inspiring address

C. C. C. camp work to be a.vailable. In their

on the requirements for success in life.

places the camp has been fortunate in sa-

Bonnell Stone, Oxford , spoke on the prin-

curing the services of extension forester s

ciples of success in for estry practices as

and outstanding vocational teachers of the I

developed in his experience of several years

state. The staff was made up of Bonnell

as a forester. G. D. Marckworth, h ead of

Stone, Oxford; DuPre Barrett, Ath ens; L.

t he fore stry sch ool of the S.tat e College of

E. Cox, Epworth ; T. G. Walters, Moultrie;

Agriculture, gave an interesting address

Rob ert T. Grogan, Athens ; I. V. Chandler,

on forestry education and the outlook for

Nashville; W. B. Bates, Waresboro; Hoke

forestry. C. N. Elliott, district forester,

Griffith, Oxford; J . H. Mitch ell , Baldwin;

Aug usta, spoke on C. C. C. camp work in

C. 0 . Parker, Carnesville; Clovis Turk,

an interesting and informative address and

Sale City a nd C. A. Whittle, Atlanta.

T G. WALTERS, Moultrie High School pepped up the camp with his inspiring

M. D. Mobley, Tifton, Assista nt State

Winner in forestry work 1932-33

so ng leadership. C. A . Whittle, Education-

2

FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW

Forestry-Geological Review
Published Monthly by the DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY AND
GEOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT State Capitol, Atlanta
C. A. WHITTLE, Editor

Forestry Division

B. M. Lufburrow, State Forester and Secretary of Commission__Atlanta
C. A. Whittle, Educational Mgr,, ____Atlanta
H. M. Sebring, Asst. State Forester, Atlanta C. B. Harman, Treasurer________________
E. B. Stone, Jr. Dist. Forester____Gainesville C. B. Beale, District Forester______Waycross W. D, Young, District Forester____________Rome
Jack Thu~mond, District Forester, _________________________________ S a v a n n a h

C. N. Elliott, District Forester_____Augusta

H. D. Story, Jr., District Forester____Albany

W. G. Wallace, District Forester__Columbus Mrs. N. N. Edwards, Secretary______Atlanta

Mrs. R. S. Thompson, Secretary______Atlanta

Young men who won certificate of Vocational Forester at

Geological Division

Vocational Forestry Camp 1933

S.. W. McCallie, State Geologist____Atlanta

R. W. Smith, Asst. State Geologist, ------~----------------- ___________________Atlanta
G. W. Cric_k__m___a_y__,___A___s_s__t_.___S__t_a__t_e____G__e__o__l_o__g_Aisttl,anta

of research work in the use of southern woods for making white newsprint paper, since he addressed the camp a year ago.

ing the cause of forestry. A prize of a book on forestry, offered
by Bonnell Stone to the boy writing the

Miss Margaret Gann, Clerk______________Atlanta He referred to how to avoid difficulties best statement of the things about the

from blue stain by using fresh-cut wood; camp he liked best was won by Chas.

Research Division, Savannah

of how it was found that young pines can Smoak, Jr., of Griffin, and was presented

Charles H. Herty______________Research Chemist be ground without the pitch troubles en- by Mr. Stone.

W. C. 114_acNaughton______________Asst. Research Bruce Suttle__________________________Plant Engineer W. F. Allen_____________________________________Chemist

countered in grinding red spruce; of tests showing that pine pulp makes a white,

Certificates Given Upon recommendation of C. A. Whittle,

J anies Dempsey-------------------- Asst. Chemist

smooth paper, taking ink of type and illustrations equal to any pulp paper, and of

Educational Manager of the Georgia Forest Service, a certificate of Vocational For-

Extension Foresters

the pine paper meeting tensil tests of high ester was given by State Forester B. M. powered presses. His remarks were heard Lufburrow to each of the following: John

Bonnell Stone, Chairman, ________________Qxford with intense interest.

Wesley Alston, Preston; Eugene Adams,

Dupre Barrett, __________________________________Athens

Awards

Norman Park; Herman Braddy, Pavo; Car-

K. S. rrowbridge, ______________________________Tifton During the closing exercises, the award son Britt, Lawrenceville; :Parker Beding-

to the vocational .agricultural teache1 do- field, Cadwell; J. W. Butler, Calhoun; John

a! Manager of the Georgia Forest Service, ing the best work on the forestry project Bond, Dalton; J. D. Cowart, Epworth; Bill

spoke on plans for a permanent camp for for the school year 1932-33 was given to Crosby, Sale City; Ulysses Carlan, Com-

vocational forestry students.

T. G. Walters, Moultrie. A review of his merce; James Cochran, Lavonia; Truitt

L. M. Sheffer, State Supervisor of Agri- work appears elsewhere in this issue. He Drake, Adrian; J. C. Davis, Commerce;

cultural Education gave an encouraging was given a certificate of honor and a cash Willard Fain, Ellijay; Delmas Galbreath,

talk to camp boys on the significance of prize.

Vidalia; Hugh Gillis, Soperton; Benjamin

the .forestry project.

The Herty prizes of $50 and $25 to Gay, Madison; W. 0 . Hudson, Jr., Elber-

Paul Chapman, director of vocational students doing the best work in promoting ton; Theo Hughes, Dougherty; Elmer Hen-

.teaching in Georgia, gave his experience interest in forestry in their communities drix, Gore; T. W. Jones, Omega; Champ

on a hunting trip in the Maine woods, and were awarded as follows: First prize, Her- Jackson, Winder; Edgar Kellar, Eastanol-

closed with inspiring words about the vo- man Braddy, Pavo; second prize, Ulysses lee; Etheridge Keith, Chamblee; Elmer

cational forestry work.

Carlan, Commerce. Honorable mention was llarsen, Leslie; Sim Lynn, Washington;

The speakers at the closing session of given to Eugene Adams, Moultrie, as a Grady Lumpkin, Clarkesville; Floyd Mor-

the school camp were State Forester B. M. close third. A review of work done by gan, Screven; Quinton Mathis, Adel; Har-

Lufburrow and Dr. Charles H. Herty, in these leading contestants appears else- old Morris, Carrollton; Charles Mathis,

charge of pulp and paper research of the where in this issue.

Lumpkin; Clinton Milburn, Wrens; John

Department of Forestry and Geological In determining the highest grades ob- Everett Noland, Walker Park; Grady Pit-

Development.

tained by students in two summer camp tard; Winterville; Frank Proctor, Brook-

Mr. Lufburrow spoke on the develop- courses, the records revealed three stu- let; Lake Poteete, Kennesaw; Jack Paul,

ment of the vocational forestry idea in dents very close together. The leader was Sylvester; Cecil Parks; Howard; Charles

Georgia,- of how it had attained national Herman Braddy, Pavo. The three leaders M. Smoak, Griffin; Marvin Stephens, Fair-

interest, and of his expectation of having in their order were as follows:

burn; Tim Stafford, Claxton; Lee Roy

the vocational forestry camp in permanent

Herman Braddy, Pavo, 94.55

Thomas, Pelham; Bill Warren, Dublin;

headquarters within another year. Mr. Luf-

l!lysses Carlan, Commerce, 94.30

Lewis Weaver, Hogansville; James Gil~es

burrow expressed keen interest in the

Eugene Adams, Moultrie, 94.07

pie, Carnesville.

school and told of employing a number of The class representative to speak at the

Join Georgia Forestry Association

boys who received certificates last year as closing exercises was Lee Roy Thomas, of The boys having made application as a
I foremen in the C. C. C. camps where they Pelham. He spoke briefly, but eloquently Vocational Forestry club for associate

were making good records.



of the vocational forestry idea and pledged membership in the Georgia Forestry Asso-

Dr. Charles H. Herty told of the progress his class to sustained interest in promot- ciation, the application was accepted with

FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW

3

dues by Bonnell Stone, secretary of the Miss Ola Ray, of Clarkesville, performed The second year boys hazed the first

association, who declared the boys who had at the piano in a most acceptable manner year boys, the order being that the first

received certificates were junior or asEO- and proved a favorite of the camp. Mr. Hu year boys run the gauntlet under a bar-

ciate members of the Georgia Forestry Inglis, pinch hitting for Miss Ray, was also rage of belt straps.

Association.

a popular member of the camp.

Thus closed the third and most success-

On the trip from Blood Mountain, the

ful school camp for vocational forstry students of Georgia.
CAMP NOTES
Bonnell Stone was chosen class adviser of the second-year forestry group.

The unofficial square dances on two evenings of the camp afforded highly enjoyable entertainment for a number of students and girls of the community.

Indian mounds of Nacoochee valley were visited. The stunt of having one run around the mound, saying "What are you doing in there", with the assurance that on the third round they would hear "nothing" as an answer, was pulled. Of course nothing

The singing at the camp was fine.

Du-

To J ohn Noland belongs the honor of climbing Blood Mountain three times in

was the answer.

Pre Barrett and M. D. Mobley spelled each rapid succession other as song leaders, and in the absence shirt. of Charles Elliott, Mary Mobley, the

one being to get his Someone attached a "whiz bang" to DuPre Barrett's car, which duly went off with

charming mascot of the camp was official

a bang and released a cloud of smoke as

leader of the "Woodsman" song. Stunt night was a great event.

Songs,

Speaking of shirts, a number of the boys discarded them on fields trips and went nude from the waist up.

if the car were on fire. Great excitement and laughter resulted as the whole camp bunch, ready to leave on an excursion,

recitations, skits and athletic stunts, all

stood by.

by the students, proved highly entertain-

ing. The "Silver Spoon Orchestra" consist- One of the gamest of the bunch was Lee Governor Eugene Talmadge thought so

ing of Bill Crosby, Lee Sisson and Lee Roy Sisson of Wilkes county who pitched ball well of the camp that he signed the cer-

Thomas proved a hit, as did the one-man for the glory of the camp against the tificates in person instead of delegating

orchestra, Harold English, with guitar and Clarkesville team a week after breaking this to a secretary, as often occurs in exec-

harp.

two ribs on the side of his pitching arm.

utive acts.

ABOVE--Group of entire attendants at Vocational

Forestry Camp, faculty, students, and wives and children

of faculty members.

.

LEFT-Memb(!rs of faculty, wives and childre.n.-:-ln front Billy Bates and Mary Mobley. Front row, seated, R. T. Grogan, Miss Emma Griffith, Mrs. _W. B. Bates, Mrs. Hoke Griffith, Bonnell Stone, Mrs. J. H. Mitchell, Mrs M. D. Mobley. Standing-C. A. Whittle, T. G. _Walters, I. V. Chandler, W B. Bates, Hoke Griffith, L. E. Cox, J. H. Mitchell, DuPre Barrett, M. D. Mobley. .

4

FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW

Some of the boys apparently thought T. G. WALTERS, MOULTRIE,

The number of students taking forestry

grapes on the farm were public property. A word of caution was so effective that

OUTSTANDING IN FORESTRY was 55. As much as 250 hours were given
to forestry work. Six night classes of adults

Mr. Hatfield, custodian of the college prop- First Among Georgia's Agricultur- dealt with forestry subjects, each meeting

erty, sent the boys baskets of grapes as an al Vocation Teachers for Excel- averaging 30 in attendance. His school

expression of appreciation.

lence in Conducting School For- harvested 19 pounds of loblolly pine seed

estry Instruction - P. L. Elkins, and 45 pounds of yellow poplar seed, a

On the opening night of the camp, nine Adpharetta, Second - Awards part of which was sold to create a school

district winners in speaking contests had Presented at Forestry Camp

thrift fund. Enough seed were retained to

their state contest at Clarkesville and the

plant a bed 5 by 120 feet to loblolly pine

entire camp personnel turned out. It so For outstanding work among agricultur- and another bed 5 by 40 feet to yellow

happened that Elmon Vickers, Moultrie, al vocation teachers of Georgia, in pre- poplar. one of the vocational forestry camp boys, senting the subject of forestry in school The school forest was thinned, convert-

won first prize.

and community for the year 1932-33, T. G. ing the cut timber into 12 cords of stove

Walters, Moultrie High School, won a cer- wood that sold at $4 a cord, which returns 0. M. Cates, Jr., of Meigs, Ga., elected tificate of honor and a cash prize of $75. were deposited with the thrift club.

himself camp correspondent and did !lome These awards were announced at the clos- Using money of the thrift club, Profesexcellent reporting for the newspapers. ing exercises of the third Vocational For- sor Elkins financed a trip for 25 boy~ to

estry Camp held at Clarkesville, August Savannah to attend the meeting of the

Some of the nicknames acquired at the 11th.

Georgia Forestry Association, enjoy the

camp are "Porcupine", "C.oca Cola", The teacher rated as doing the next best bicentennial celebration, see the ocean and

"Slim", "Wormy", "Jaybird", "Snaky", work in the state for the school year is P. study south Georgia forests.

"Bing".

L. Elkins, agricultural vocation teacher at Professor Elkins conducted a drive to

Alpharetta High School in Fulton county. get a large percentage of land ownen b

Professor Walters' record embraces old Milton county to join the ForeEt Fire

.The students of the camp passed a reso- teaching 12 jobs in forestry to students; Fighters for the control and suppression

lution asking the Georgia Power Company gathering tree seed and successfully oper- of forest fires, being aided by students,

for a permanent camp site on upper Lake ating a seed bed of 320 square feet, plant- each of whom obtained one or two mem-

Rabun. The results were favorable, but the ing 18,325 tree seedlings on school forest hers.

term of the lease was not sufficiently long and on students' home project areas.

Forest fire fighting equipment was pur-

to justify the erection of camp quarters.

He had 38 students studying forestry, 35 chas~d and used as teaching equipment. A

of whom had home forest projects. He de- large school forest sign and several small

A delegation of winners in forestry projects in vocational agricultural schools of Florida, who won trips through southern mountains, visited the camp and were much impressed with the work the Georgia boys

voted 150 hours to forestry instruc- ones were made in the school shop. Samtion. Fire lines around the school forest I pies of various Georgia woods were installwere renewed; growth measurements ed in the shop. The Alpharetta school plant-
1
were made on burned and unburned land; ed 1200 trees in open places, and also
10 pounds of pine seed and 15 pounds of planted roadsides and school grounds with

were doing. William Jacobs, assistant district forester, Tallahassee, was in charge of the Florida group.

yellow poplar were gathered. The school has erected a log cabin in
the school forest where club meetings, barbecues, etc., are held. Improvement~ were

trees and shrubs. The school forest which immediately ad-
joins the school and consists of a beautiful stand of pines has been pruned of dead

Several students, lacking funds to cover transportation costs, hitch hiked to camp.

made on the building and on the driveways during the year.

limbs and undergrowth park-like condition.

and

put

into

a

Charles Gunn, Byromviile, reported 25 The boys gathered 50 kinds of wood in

cents expense, 10 cents of which was the county for a permanent exhibit. The STUDENTS' APPRECIATION

chargeable to Atlanta street cars. Thumb- 35 boys having home forestry projects

ing his way in Atlanta was ineffective.

planted 17,555 slash and longleaf pines. The Vocational Forestry Camp has Eight of these boys had tree seed beds. meant more to me morally, mentally, and

PAPER MAKING WASPS

Mr. Walters presented forestry to adult physically than I can express. l don't evening clases attended by 150. He dis- know of any other way the State Forest

The earliest paper makers were the wasps. For their nests the wasps use wood

cussed forestry before future farmers or-1 Service could render any more useful serganizations. A forest fire survey was made , vice than to educate this ambitious group

fibers which they have chewed into a pulp and which they glaze on the outer surface.
According to a statement made in "Personality of Insects", each wasp goes off aTone to hunt her materials, cfming back to the nest with a wad of pulp held tight in her grasp. This is applied against the outer wall in a ribbon-like form, the creature using her jaws and legs as a rolling mill to reduce it to a required thinness. At last there remains out to glaze it over

for the greater part of Colquitt county;' of boys that gathers each summer at the

over 200 column inches on forestry have camp, to appreciate and preserve our pres-

been written for newspapers.

ent forest resources.

Moving pictures on forestry were ob- I heartily join with many others in

tained and displayed by Professor Walters thanking and praising the Georgia Forest

to over 500 people in the county. Exhibits Service for this wonderful work and in the

were made at Moultrie of pulp, paper and future will do all in my power to make

woods. A delegation, headed by Professor the camp continue to be a shining sue-

Walters, attended the annual meeting of cess.

the Georgia Forestry Association at Sa-

-Ulysses Carlan.

vannah. Numerous requests for forestry in-

with her tongue that it may be waterproof. formation have been answered.

I enjoyed the camp and I will always re-

One wasp may attack a white birch, an-

P. L. Elkins' Record

member the two summers as a time that I

other a green poplar, each wood contribut- The record of P. L. Elkins, vocation ag- met, worked and played with the most

ing a different color or stripe around the ricultural teacher at Alpharetta High select group of boys in this great state of

nest. It is not unusual for many different School, where he has been teaching for ours. It was the happiest moment of my

colored stripes to be seen in their paper, only one year, and where forestry had not life when I received the Vocational Fores-

each one of which will blend artistically been previously taught, inchides a wide ters Certificate. It was a time that I have

with its neighbor

range of activities.

looked forward to for nearly three years.

FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW

5

1 will always remember the originators and HERMAN BRADDY, PAVO,

Iforestry; attended the annual meeting of

leaders of these camps as the most select

WINNER HERTY PRIZE the Georgia Forestry Association at Sa-

group of men and women in the state. I consider it a distinct honor a nd the greatest privilege that I have ever had to be a graduate of the 1933 Vocational Forestry Camp at Clarkesville, Ga.
-Herman A. Braddy.

f





1 vannah.

Braddy High Man m Scholarship-

.
Carlan's Record

Ulysses Cat"l~n, . Comme~ce, sec- The activities of Ulysses Carlan, Com-

ond ~erty Prize, Second In Schol- merce, centered largely on the Arp Fores-

ars.hip-Aw~rds Announced at try Club, organized by him in the Arp

Third Vocational Forestry Camp. l s.chool~ ouse, the prea~ble of the constitu-

SOUTHERN PINE USED IN

Herman Braddy, Pavo, won the first bon bemg as follows: We, the members of prize of $50 offered by Dr. Charles H. the Arp Forestry Club, in order to create

TALLEST WOOD STRUCTURE Herty, Savannah, for cr eating greatest interest and promote the study. of forPstry,

community interest in forestry. The sec- secure the benefits of recreat10n and fos-

Wood has proven better than steel for ond prize of $25 went to Ulysses Carlan, ter a love of nature for ourselves, do esradio broadcasting towers. The German Commerce. Braddy also won the highest tablish this constitution for the Arp For-

government has erected a radio tower 450 feet high near Breslaw, the highest wooden structure in the world. It is 72 feet sq uare at the base and about seven feet

average grade in six weeks of the vocational forestry school with a grade of 94.55, while Ulysses Carlan was second with a grade of 94.30. A close third in the

estry Club." Ten boys constituted the charter mem-
bership to which were added 22 others. Strict rules governed the conduct of thP

at the top.

contest for Herty prizes and in sch olar- , club and earnest work was given to practi-

German engineers hunted the world ship was Eugene Adams, of Moultrie.

: cal .phases of ~ores~ry such ~s .fire pro-

over for the best wood to use and selected The high points in the record of Herman tect10n, marketmg timber, thmn1ng, pre-

southern pine as the best. The strength,

serving timber, timber estimating, some

rosin content that acts as a preservative,

phase of practical forestry being taken up

its comparative freedom from checking,

at each regular meeting on the first and

splitting and shrinkage, and its long di-

third Wednesdays of each month.

mensions were among the factors leading

Carlan made talks on forestry and co n-

to the acceptance of southern pine.

ducif>d demonstrations in planting, thin-

ning, tree identification, etc. A debate was

RAPID GROWTH OF WHITE PINE ON POOR UPLAND

co ndncted on t he subject: ResolYed that 50 per cent of the land not producing timber should be producing timber.

Donald Young in Forest Worker tells of thinning and pruning operations on a forest of white pine planted on Laurel Branch,

The club planted 1,000 loblolly pines on its project of 25 acr es. Some of the snb-' jects di scu ssed at the meeting created so

Macon county, North Carolina on the Nan-

much interest that the sessions were pro-

tahala National F'orest. The site is 3,000 feet above the sea level, the soil a poor

longed to two hours with ten minutes intermission. Tests were given and grades

sandy clay loam underlain by granite and

r ecorded. Dues of 10 cents each meeting

somewhat eroded. In 1932 the largest tree was 8 inches in
diameter and 45 feet high. The greatest

were collected to pay the expense of a trip to the mountains to study t he for~>sts of that reg ion.

h 3ight measurement between whorls was

Carian not only co nducted t he club ac-

4.2 feet

tivities, but made talk~ to oth er sc hools ;

The forest was thinned in 1932, the

wrote numerous articles on forestry for

~. tand being 680 trees per acre was reduced

the press; did much work on school fores-

to 523 per acre. The thinnings were sold

try projects for Commer ce High School ;

at the stump for house logs and rafters in 1

gathered tree seed; conducted a home for-

the town of Highlands, N. C., at an aver- ~ age of 50 cents per tree.
The remaining trees were pruned 6 to 20 feet up th e stems. In three years anoth-

Herman A . Braddy, Pavo, winner firs t Herty prize and honor student in scholarship.

estry project and advised many land owners as to forestry practices.
Adams' Record
Eugene Adams, Moultrie, planted 1,050

er thinning is intended. Through removals Braddy in winning first prize of the Her- pine seedlings, built firebreaks on his

by thinning a gross income of $100 per ty award are as fo llows: He organized a home project; gathered pine seed and es-

acre is anticipated with 300 trees per acre boys forestry club which issued a special tablished a small tree nursery; fought for-

remaining for final crop and increased in- forestry edition of the Pavo News printed est fires; conducted demonstration t hin-

come.

on paper made by the state pulp and paper nings; wrote 85 column inches about for-

laboratory at Savannah from Georgia estry for newspapers; addressed local gath-

RECLAIMING GULLIED LANDS pines. The club broadcast a forestry pro- erings on forest fire protection; addressed
gram over the Thomasville radio station; the Georgia Forestry Association at Sa-

In Farmers Bulletin 1697, W. E. Mat- planted a large number of trees on farms vannah on "Why Forestry Appeals to the

toon of the United States Forest Service, represented by the club membership; es- Vocational Agricultural Student".

tells how trees, vines and grasses may be tablished firebreaks on farm lands; made Adams helped put up a forestry exhibit

used to bind the soil and check erosion. a forestry exhibit at local fairs; secured and talked to about 200 people about the

The greatest need for planting natural signatures of parents of school children to possibilities of making paper from Geor -

soil binders in t he south, he says, is on prevent fires and cooperate in helping each gia pines. He has conferred with many

eroded and abandoned farm lands.

other to fight fires. Between 4,000 and 5,- land owners about thinning, planting and

The author mentions the use of black 000 acres were involved.

firebreak construction. His average grade

locust, pines and cottonwood trees, honey- He won a prize from Holland magazine for two camp sessions was 94.00.

suckle and kudzu vines, and Bermuda and for the best article on forestry. He made Other students deserving favorable men-

lespedeza grasses for checking erosion The permanent signs directing to the school tion are: Delmas Galbreath, Vidalia; Os-

bulletin carries information that concerns forest, conducted a home forestry project; wald Smith, Waresboro; Eugene English,

a vast acreage of Georgia land.

helped to conduct adult night classes in Clarkesville; I. J. Medders, Vidalia.

6

FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW

ATHLETICS POPULAR

I the Vogel State Park. Due to their efforts

Gwinn-Nixon State Forest

AT FORESTRY CAMP I and the natural beauty of this site, this Work has begun on the Gwinn-Nixon

place will soon be one of the most beau- State Forest. This work is being done by

Ninety-Five Per Cent of Students at tiful state parks in the South. Mr. Baskin the CCC camp No. 57, located in Burke Vocational Forestry Camp Par- has many other projects s~ch as road and county. The program calls for permanent

ticipated in Some Form of Ath- trail construction, building of telephone fire breaks surrounding the property,

letics-Second Year Group Won lines and lookout towers, removal of fire drainage of the low areas in the forest,

Honors

hazards, etc., now well underway.

thinning and planting. An effort will be

Camp No. 73, Towns County

made to make the Gwinn-Nixon State For-

Ninety-five per cent of the students at- This camp site located in the heart of est an ideal forest area.

tending the Vocational Forestry School the mountains of North Georgia is said

CCC Camp 74 Pets

Camp, participated in some form of ath- "by authorities higher up" to be the most The pets of Superintendent Thompson's

letics. Much credit for arranging and car- beautiful and ideally located camp in the Camp 74, in Stephens county, include 4

rying out the schedule of athletics is due East. Work, under the supervision of Mr. hound dogs, 2 pigs, a pair of bantam chick-

C. 0. Parker, Carnesville, who was in C. J. Oliver, on the many projects is com- ens, a calf and 2 rattlesnakes We are

charge of athletic activities. He not only ing along nicely. Foot trails have been waiting to see what new addition to the

knows all forms of sports but has the built to the most advantageous lookout menagerie will be made.

happy faculty of enlisting boys and spur- points. These with the truck trail roads

Additional Acreage

ring their competitive spirit. He was a will soon make this area readily accessi- Since the beginning of the ECW pro-

favorite member of the staff.

ble to the fire fighters who will be ready gram, approximately 250,000 acres have

Among the sports at camp were base- at all times to go at the word, and when been added to the TPO areas of District

ball, swimming, basketball, cross coun- a bunch of these young, broad-shouldered 3. Land owners are awakening to the im-

try relay, tennis and horse shoe pitching. bronzed men of the 3 C camps once get to portance of forest fire protection.

In baseball the first game was won by a fire "it won't be long then".

the first year boys 9 to 6, but the two Camp No. 51, Indian Springs, Ga.

subsequent games were won by second year Work at the Indian Springs State Park,

DISTRICT SIX

boys 18 to 1 and 18 to 8.

under the supervision of Mr. Blanton

In the swimming contest the first year Clements and his corps of foremen, is run-

men won by a score of 19 to 15. In bas- ning full strength. The work at this Park

Jack Thurmond, District Forester Savannah

ketball the second year team won 14 to 11 and 28 to 17.
The cross country relay race of 572 miles
was won by second year boys in 24 minutes.
In tennis matches Gillespie, second year man, won first place. The doubles were taken by Morris and Gillespie, second year boys.
The horse shoe pitching contest was won by Parks and Hudson, second year men.
The second year men were winners in total points by a large margin, the score being 25 to 5.
DISTRICT TWO
Everett B. Stone, Jr., Dist. Forester

is progressing very fast, and in the near future it is due to be one of the show places of the entire South.
Camp No. 69, Commerce, Ga.
Work on private lands building roads, trails, and in forest fire prevention, is progressing nicely. This camp will operate on forest lands owned by the Chicopee Mills, which is the most ideal mill village in the United States.
Camp No. 79, Cornelia, Ga.
The forest work at this camp includes 6,000 acres of fine forest land on the Hunt estate, owned by the University of Georgia, ~n addition to many thousands of acres of private land. This camp is situated just above Cornelia, Ga. It is readily accessible and is an ideal site with a fine view of the Blue Ridge mountains.

Work Progressing at P-53
Since the members of the Civilian Conservation Corps moved into camp at Hinesville, Liberty county, on June 1st, considerable work has been accomplished.
Of course, the first few weeks were spent in getting the camp straight and living quarters established, then work in the woods started. To date, the various crews have finished twenty miles of truck trail, swamped and stumped twenty-two miles of fire break, cleaned out right of way for thirty miles of telephone line, cut, pealed and distributed five hundred cypress telephone poles.
The surveying crews have mapped some thirty-nine thousand acres in detail and are now busy on another ten thousand acre block. They keep the mapping ahead of the fire break crews, as the truck trails

Gainesville
Camp Personnel Changes
Lieutenant R. T. Whitney, Jackson

DISTRICT THREE C. N. Elliott, District Forester
Augusta

and fire breaks are first plotted on the map and then worked out in the field.
It was quite a problem in finding gravel to use in building the foundations for the

County Camp, has been transferred to Eno-

towers, so a little prospecting was done

tah camp No. 55 as commanding officer

Alexander Stephens Slave

and a gravel deposit located. The tower

to take the place of Captain Rickermore Cyrus Stephens, who was once a slave of crew constructed a short road to the de-

who has gone to Raleigh to assume duties Alexander H. Stephens, still lives in Craw- p.osit, and are now hauling gravel to the

there. Dr. Serocci, who has charge of the fordville. Uncle Cyrus, who is 89 years old, three tower sites which have been located

Blairsville and Hiawassee camps, has been lives with his wife, Alcora, on a little hill and cleaned out. The only thing needed

reassigned to the federal camp at Tree, overlooking the "Big House", where his old now is tower steel, as all the preliminary

Georgia.

"Marster" once lived. The little cottage in work has been finished. Since a tractor and

Camp No. 55, Union County

which Uncle Cyrus is spending his last days plow have been received, still better prog

Blood Mountain trail which runs from is humble and vine clad, and he no longer ress can be made.

Vogel State Park at Neels Gap through knows the splendor he knew in other days, Camp P-63 Manned by Veterans

Slaughter Gap to the top of Blood Moun- but he sits and smokes and awaits the hour The personnel of Camp 63 at McRae,

tain, has been rebuilt and widened and is when he shall see and serve the great Telfair county, Georgia, is composed of

now practically finished. To visitors at the Stephens again.

World War Veterans, who moved in dur

gap it offers a wonderful hike and a view Steps will be taken whereby Uncle Cyrus ing the latter part of July. They are buSY

in every direction that is awe inspiring. can be moved back to the "home place" as finishing camp construction and have sent

Mr. Baskin and his staff of foremen has an attraction to visitors who will visit the one or two crews to the woods for the

made excellent progress in their work on Alexander Stephens Memorial Park.

(Continued on Page 8, Col 2)

FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW

MINERALS OF GEORGIA
Brief Accounts of Occurences and Developments of the State's Leading Minerals
Reported by THE DIVISION OF GEOLOGY

MICA IN GEORGIA

trical industry as an insulating material.

by

Washers, disks, and other shapes are

Richard W. Smith, Assist. State Geologist stamped from the smaller sizes. The larger

sizes are cut into various patterns such as

Mica or isinglass is one of the best those on which the heating wires of elec-

known minerals in Georgia because of its tric flat irons are wound. Hollow tubes for

bright and shiny appearance and wide- insulating wires are built up from washers

spread occurrence. The common varieties or by rolling thin splittings using shellac

of mica in Georgia are biotite, or black as a bond. Some mica is still used for stove

mica, and muscovite, or white mica. The windows. The value of mica for these uses

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Map of north Georgia showing location of principal mica mines.

tites are largely made up of the same minerals that are found in granite-quartz, feldspar, and mica-but usually in very large, rather than small, crystals. They are probably the result of one of the final phases of a nearby intrusion of granite. The pegmatites, in addition to quartz; feldspar and mica, often contain comparatively rare minerals such as tourmaline, beryl, apatite, columbite, tantalite, rutile, and the radio-active minerals, some of which are also of commercial value.
Pegmatites vary in width from a few inches to several hundred feet, and in length from a few feet to several miles. Those of Georgia are ordinarily in the form of steeply inclined or nearly vertical vein-like bodies; but sometimes are irregular in form, appearing as lenses, chimneys, or irregular masses. Branching and sudden swelling and pinching are common. The size of the crystals and the distribution of the various minerals is very irregular. Feldspar is the most common mineral and often makes up 50 to 80 per cent of the rock mass. The feldspar near the surface has often been weathered to kaolin, a soft white clay. Quartz, the second most common mineral, is found in small pieces throughout much of the feldspar or its resulting kaolin, and in irregular masses, often in the middle or along the sides of the dike. The blocks of mica may be scattered throughout the pegmatite, but have a tendency to concentrate near the quartz masses and near the borders of the pegmatite.
Large blocks of mica do not necessarily mean large sheets of clear, flat commercial mica. The sheets are often streaked or spotted with a thin coating of magnetic iron oxide which cuts down their transparency and reduces their resistance to electric currents. Pressure and movement during and after crystallization often result in imperfect blocks. In some cases the sheets have been distorted so as to be wavy or twisted, in others they have been cut or "ruled" into narrow strips. Often the blocks are wedge-shaped and are made up of small overlapping sheets, a type known as "A-mica."

latter is the only one of commercial increases greatly with the size and clear- Mica mining is therefore unusually risky

value and is the one commonly referred to ness of the sheets.

because of the possibilities that the size of

when the word "mica" is used alone.

The waste from trimming the sheet mica the vein, the mica content, or the size and

Crystals of muscovite mica vary in size and the blocks of mica that will not split quality of the individual mica crystals

from tiny flakes to plates or blocks over into flat sheets is ground into sizes vary- may diminish to unprofitable proportions
a foot across. These plates, if no thin- ing from "bran" mica to a powder so fine with little or no warning.

ner than cardboard, are colored varying that it will pass a screen having 200 wires Sheet mica is found in the Piedmont

shades of green, amber, or reddish-brown. per inch. This ground mica is used in Plateau and mountain sections of north

Tliey may be split and re-split, however, great quantities in a variety of uses, such Georgia. It was first mined by the Indians

into transparent and colorless sheets which as in the manufacture of artificial roofing or the Mound Builders who used it for

are less than a thousan.dth of an inch in to prevent the surfaces from sticking, to ornaments and looking glasses. The early

thickness, yet so strong and flexible that impart lustre to certain wall papers and white settlers knew of the mica deposits

they may be bent nearly double. These paints, as a filler in the manufacture of and perhaps occasionally dug out sheets

properties of mica, that is, its ability to soft rubber goods, to dust automobile tires for glazing the few windows in the more

split into thin flexible transparent sheets, to prevent them from sticking to the molds primitive cabins, but it was many years be-

together with its resistance to heat and in which they are finished, and as the fa- fore they were commercially mined. Sever-

_to the passage of an electric current, make miliar Christmas tree "snow."

al mines were opened in the mountains of

the larger sheets of commercial value.

Sheet mica of commercial size is found north Georgia between 1880 and 1885 and

Sheet mica is used mainly by the elec- I only in pegmotite veins or dikes. Pegma- furnished large sheets of mica for glazing

8

FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAl. REVIEW

stove windows. The industry declined with [ be built at the railroad to utilize the waste The Baxley Camp, No. 62, has named

the jmportation of mica from India, in and scrap mica.

itself "Camp Alabax", a combination of

spite of a growing demand for mica as an

Alabama and Baxley, since the boys hail

insulator in the electrical industry. Under

(Continued from Page 5)

from 'Barna and Baxley.

a protective tariff considerable mica was past two weeks. The work here consists

mined in Georgia from 1900 to 1907, but chiefly of firebreak construction in Tel- Superintendent Sanders, Camp No. 65,

following the panic of 1907 practically fair and Dodge counties.

Jesup, evidently is a strong believer in

none was mined until 1914.

East Bulloch Acreage Increased "Early-to-bed and early-to-rise". His vet-

The wartime demand for domestic mica Both acreage and membership in the erans start to work at 5 A. M. and are

resulted in prospecting all over middle and East Bulloch T. P. 0. has increased since back at 2 P. M.

north Georgia. The height of the mining the camp was established there. The or-

took place in 1918, when 208,200 pounds ganization at the beginning of this year Superintendent Meyers, Camp No. 59,

of sheet mica and 40 tons of scrap mica contained only 12,000 acres, but now we Fargo, is making Suwanoochee Creek look

with a total value of $80,050 were report- have 68,000 acres signed in one solid body. ragged by the number of fire breaks he is

ed. Since that time the demand for and We have applied for one wooden tower cutting across it.

price of domestic mica has greatly declin- for this T. P. 0. and if approved, it will

ed, and with it the mining of mica in Geor- adequately cover the protected area, as it These Okefenokee boys, Camp No. 72,

gia.

is in a compact body.

I Waycross, under Superintendent Martin,

Much of the mica mining in Georgia

are headed right straight for the swamp

was done by men with no capital or knowledge of the proper mining methods. These

DISTRICT SEVEN

itself on some of their breaks, but guess they'll slow down some when they strike

men "ground-hogged" their way down,

C. B. Beale, District Forester

Wheeler's Fortune on the edge of the Oke-

skimming out the cream of the sheet mica

Waycross

fenokee! Hamp Mizell says they'll run into

and wasting the smaller sizes and scrap mica. As soon as the sides of the untimbered pit started to cave in or they struck

Notes

on Emergency Conservation Work-District 7

a "jamb" there. The boys down at St. George, Camp No.

water or hard rock, off they went to an- The nine C. C. C. camps in this district 71, are constructing a break straight down

other outcrop, too often neglecting to pay are getting down to business now on the Trail ridge, but some of them are still

the owner his promised royalty. Such methods leave the surface so disturbed that future mining is much more expensive than it should be. The proper methods, while requiring some outlay at the beginning of the mining, would have resulted in the recovery of all the available mica at a minimum cost.
Mica mining is at best a considerable gamble and should be undertaken only by an experienced miner. The miner can seldom afford to buy the property outright, but must lease the mineral rights on a roy-

million and a half acres of land scheduled to be covered by work in thirteen counties. Grubbing out a strip of land 25 feet wide across hill land, cypress and pine flats, hardwood hammocks, and creek swamps means plenty of work if you ask a C. C. C. man about it. No one ever realizes what a tremendously greater portion of these old burned over pine stumps lies underneath the ground until one witnesses pile after pile of these stumps along mile after mile of fire break. Some one hundred miles of breaks have been grubbed

wondering where the "ridge" is.
Some of the boys at Homerville, Camp No. 52, may not be able to tell you how far it is to Thelma, but they can estimate the distance by the number of swamps they cut through.
Camp No. 68, Douglas, has a grandstand and ball park right at their door. Wonder what those camps in the mountains are doing for a ball ground?

alty basis. The common royalty paid by a and cleared so far.

mica miner to the propE?rty owner is one- A new method of logging has been in- ' . The 58th annual ~e.eting .of the Amer-

sixth, one-eighth, or one-tenth of the sales troduced in this section. No longer are [Ican Fo~estry Assoclatw~ Will be lteld at

price of the mica; the amount depending trees felled with an axe or saw by cutting Francoma, New Hampshire, on September
on the size of the deposit and the distance I off near the base according to orthodox ~ 6: 7' an~ ~ Seven other fo~estry. or~a~-

transported The accompanying map shows the loca-

pract'Ice. Inst ead, a crew set s t o work dI' gging around a veteran pine until one thinks

I. z m

atwn the

s w1thm that rally. Secretar

sa y

me of

Agre~gI.iCOunltuwriell

JO!ll
Wal-

tion of the most important mica mines in they have about dug themselves through lace and .Robert Fechner, director of the

Georgia, most of which are not now in op- to China, and theE ;deep in the earth conservation work, are both on the pro-

eration and some of which have not oper- (maybe 6 feet deep) 'two men get down I gram

ated for years. Mines and undeveloped prospects are numerous in certain counties, such as Upson, Monroe, Pickens, Cherokee, Jackson, Hall, Lumpkin, Union, and Rabun. Certain other counties, often with

in

the

hole

with

a

cross-cut

saw

and

saw

1 1

off tap roots and the tree falls, stump, tap

Leading Tree Planters

root and all. My, wouldn't Paul Bunyon The greatest individual plantings of tree

get a kick out of this!

seedlings are those of a New Yorker and

a Georgian. Beginning in 1915, Thomas F.

similar bedrock, have either no pegmatites One fellow over at Camp 52, Homerville, Luther, Mechanicsville, Saratoga county,

or ores containing little or no commercial thinks a T. P. 0. is a totem pole.

New York, has planted 5,473,600 trees.

mica. Mica mining is by no means a thing of
the past, although but few mines would

A foreman down in Camden, Camp No. 60, asked for a tough assignment and he got it all right. About a 10 foot growth of

In Georgia, James Fowler, Soperton, in Treutlen county, beginning in 1926, has planted 1,500,000 slash pines.

pay at the low prices prevailing at this gallberry and palmetto all the way from time. The electrical industry is consum- Colesburg to Forest View. Woudn't be sur- 1

State Forester's Meeti~g Place

ing increasing quantities of sheet mica and prised if he doesn't run on to a dinosaur The annual meeting of the Association

new uses are constantly being found for in that jungle.

of State Foresters will be held this year in

ground scrap mica. A general rise in prices

Indiana, with R. F. Wilcox, State F'ores-

would result in the opening of new and old Superintendent Rogers' Camp No. 70, at ter, as host.

mica mines in Georgia. The chances of suc- Nahunta, looks like a South Sea island vil- The meeting date has not been set, but

cess will be greatest in the areas contain- !age by the way his office and the army it is usually held in October. A three-day

ing a number of mines close to railroad headquarters are covered with palmetto itinerary of forest areas of Indiana is

transportation so that a grinding mill can thatch.

1 planned.