Forestry-geological review [July 1932]

DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY AND GEOLOGICAL DEVELOPMEN

Vol. 2

ATLANTA, GA., JULY, 1932

No. ~ 7

DISTRICT LEADERS IN

won forestry camp scholarships for two IMPROVED METHODS ROSIN

SCHOOL

FORESTRY WORK

succeeding years. A forestry fire consciousness has been so well developed that

MANUFACTURE DEVELOPED

very few fires have been allowed to break

Inspiring Achievements of Agricul- out in the area of several miles radius Department of Forestry and Geo-

tural Vocational Teachers in Schools around Carnesville.

logical Development Has Part in

and Communities Indicate Great Possibilities in the Interest of For-

Commerce High School
In the second forestry district of which

estry.

Everett B. Stone, Jr., is district forester

Undertaking-Higher Grade Products Indicated.

R. 0. Parker, teacher of Vocational Agriculture of Franklin County High School, Carnesville, has done outstanding forestry work in the Fourth Forestry District, consisting of 20 counties with more vocational schools than any district in the state. Second in rank in the district is Eastanollee High School in Stephens county, with W. L. Green teacher. The district forester of this district is C. N. Elliott, Augusta.
Mr. Parker and his students planted 12,000 pine seedlings in the spring of 1932. Aside from planting vacant spaces in the school forest, the services of students were offered for planting areas of land owners, provided they purchased the seedlings. This service was offered the community as

at Gainesville, a district covering counties of northeast Georgia, the teacher reported as doing the most outstanding work is C. L. Veatch of Commerce High School. Professor Veatch won the Georgia Forestry 'Association prize for the school years 192829 for the best forestry work for the state. He had 20 students doing forestry work, of which 14 have home projects.
This school has a forest seed bed 150 by 4 feet; 3 beds 6 by 12 feet in which both pines and hardwoods are grown. Each student has been required to identify 40 species of trees, mount the leaves and describe the trees. A case has been made in which the seed of 40 species are displayed for student study. The students under the direction of Prof. Veatch have constructed

The Department of Forestry and Geological Development has been instrumental in inaugurating experiments at Cogdell, Ga., in improved methods of rosin manufacture in which the Forest Products Laboratory of the United States Forest Service and the Bureau of Chemistry and Soils of the United States Department of Agriculture are cooperating.
Representatives of the federal cooperating agencies, with the cooperation of the Timber Products Company and Better Rosin Corporation, investigated the application on a commercial scale of a process for the removal of the water soluble components of turpentine gum and the production of rosins of higher grades.

an incentive to reforestation. The response was gratifying and 12,000 young pines are now growing on formerly idle and unprofitable land.

a number of hypsomet,ers and calipers for
(Continued on Page 2, Column 1)

Results of experiments indicate the practicability of the process. Important studies were made of the apparatus and methods; resulting in suggestions for perfecting the

Of the 46 students taking forestry work in this school, 37 had home projects in which they constructed firebreaks, planted 5eedlings, thinned and improved their forests.

process. Materials have been taken from Cogdell by federal wor"kers for further studies in their laboratories.
While the new process is still- in progress of development, the facilities placed at the

One of the enterprises of the school that showed interest and cooperation of a high degree was the erection of a log cabin as a clubhouse on the school forest. The logs and lumber were brought to the school by the students who did all the construction

disposal of the research workers by the Department of Forestry and Geological Development, have expedited the work very greatly and federal investigators report that a great deal of valuable progress has been made at Cogdell.

work and had plenty of fun in doing it. The main building is 20 by 25 feet. The

NAVAL STORES YEAR BOOK

opening of the clubhouse was celebrated

by a father and son. banquet attended by more than 200 people. ' Two forestry meeting& were held for adults during the school year, with an aver-

The Naval Stores Review, Savannah, Ga., announced during June the issuance of the "Year Book" for the fiscal year 1932-1933. It gives valuable data of in-

age attendance of 34. Several articles

ternational scope on naval stores produc-

about forestry activities were placed in

tion, consumption and trend of- prices. It

local newspapers. Talks were made to the

also presents surveys of conditions in the

women's clubs on planting trees and shrubs.

United States. No publication is more val-

Assistance was given in planting a town

uable to the naval stores industry than this,

park area to trees and shrubs. Some work

and anyone who desires to be well in-

has been done toward making a swimming pool on the school forest. This school has

Forestry Cabin and "Crows Nest,' ~ Georgia Industrial College, Barnesville

formed about this great industry should have this year book.

2

FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW

Forestry-Geological Review ing the primary facts about forestry intro- age attendance of 39, at which forestry duced into every school in the county. A subjects were discussed.

Published Monthly by the

forestry cabin has been constructed by the Of the 39 boys studying forestry, 31 had

DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY AND school at the dedication of which a forestry home projects in forestry. A seed bed has

GEOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

rally was held, prominent speakers heard, been maintained and several thousand seed-

State Capitol, Atlanta.

and a barbecue served. About 300 people lings have been planted by students and

C. A. WHITTLE, Editor.

attended, and after the addresses several farmers, supplied from the seed bed.

Bonnell Stone, Oxford, Development Agent thousand additional acres were signed up A father and son banquet was held at

Mrs. Nellie Nix Edwards, Treasurer, Atlanta for the Treutlen County Timber Protective which forestry was presented. A number

Forestry Division

Organization. Following the rally, a motor- of students have conducted pruning as well

B. M. Lufburrow, State Forester______ Atlanta cade was conducted to the Fowler and Gil- as thinning on their home forest projects.

E. B. Stone, Jr., District Forester,

lis plantations to observe the success of ex- A thousand acres were thinned and pruned

--------------------- -------- --------------- Gainesville tensive tree plantings; also to observe the under the direction of Mr. Bates. Pruning

H. M. Sebring, District Forester___ ___ __Macon firebreaks and protective measures of the of pines consists of removing lower branch-

C. B. Beale, District Forester____ __Waycross W. D. Young, District Forester______ ___ ___Rome

Treutlen County Timber Protective Organ-

es.

A ten-year program of forest manage-

Jack Thurmond, District Forester,

ization.

ment was made for a timber owner by Mr.

------- -------- -- ------- --- -----------------------Savannah In this school 20 students have taken the Bates, who also has aided farmers in nego-

C. N Elliott, District Forester________Augusta full work in forestry and 9 have home pro- tiating proper turpentine leases. The school

H. D. Story, Jr., District _Forester____Albany jects, one student planting nearly 3,000 grounds of four schools in the county have

W. G. Wallace, District Forester__ Columbus Mrs. R. S. Thompson, Stenographer, Atlanta

seedlings. On the school forest 5,000 seedling slash pines have been planted. A for-

been planted and beautified under the direction of Mr. Bates. In presenting the

Geological Division

est seed bed is maintained. Assistance has work of fores try to his students, he has de-

S. W. McCallie, State Geologist__ ____ Atlanta

R. W. Smith, Asst. State Geologist,

------ -------------------- -- --- -------------------Atlanta G. W. Crickmay, Asst. State Geologist,

--------- --- ------------- ------- ------------------Atlanta Miss Margaret Gann, Clerk_______ ___ __Atlanta

Research Division, Savannah Charles H. Herty__ ___ _________Research Chemist George C. McNaughton __________ Asst. Research Bruce Suttle___ _____ __________ ____ ____ Plant Engineer W. T. Allen ___ __ ___ __ _________________ _____ ___ _____ Chemist J. B. Osborne__ ____ ______ _______ _____ Plant Assistant

use in measuring the volume of standing

trees. Moving pictures on forestry have

been obtained and displayed to 450 people

by Prof. Veatch.

An outstanding work, revealing a high

degree of initiative is a community enterprise designated "Commerce Improvement and Protective Association." The plan which he has worked out is regarded as having possibilities of wide adaptation to

School Cabin and Visitors at Opening Day in School Forest at Soperton
been rendered in tree and shrub planting veloped a course calendar and job analysis on the grounds of three other schools in that has met with approval. the county; also, court house grounds and

areas of many f arms and scattered forest city cemetery. Boys of the school have

Moultrie High School

lands. In brief, the plan is a cooperative ' helped to fight fire at every opportunity In the eighth district of the Division of

effort of land owners to report fires and and fire protective sentiment, already Forestry with H. D. Story, Jr. in charge at

help each other to fight fires and to carry strong in the county, has been increased by Albany, the school to rank first in forestry

on reforestll-tion and forest management the school during the year. The teacher work is the Moultrie High School, with W.

according to good practices.

has conducted night classes for adults, T. Walters as agricultural vocational teach-

In two days 18,981 acres were listed in three of which meetings have been in the er. This school as many other central con-

this organization by 23 land owners. His interest of forestry and attended by 150 solidated schools, draws high school pupils

intention _is to have the organization oper- people.

from various parts of the county. Twenty-

ate over a 10-mile radius from Commerce.

The county commissioners recently felt four high school students took the forestry

This school has featured planting black that funds for vocational agriculture or for work. Of these twelve had home forestry

locust especially for growing fence posts. county policeman would have to be cut off. projects.

~

Yellow poplar and pines are also grown in The commissioners decided in favor of the One of the outstanding achievements of

the seed bed and planted on boys' home agricultural teacher.

the school this year has been the construc-

forestry projects, and aid has been given

tion of a Jog cabin on the school forest.

farmers in planting.

Nashville High School

The logs were brought to the school forest

Some harvesting has been done on the In the forestry district in charge of C. by students after being taken out as thin-

school forest and on forest land managed Bernard Beale, Waycross, the school re- nings from their home forestry projects.

by the school, some of the returns going ported as leading in forestry work is at The students did all the work except the

to the school.

Nashville. W. B. Bates, agricultural voca- . construction of the chimney. On June 2

tiona! teacher, has directed the work and the boys had open house. Speeches were

Soperton High School

for the school year 1929-30 won the Geor- made and refreshments were served. A

In the district covered by Jack Thur- gia Forestry Association prize for doing good deal of publicity was obtained and

mond, Savannah, the Soperton High School the best work in the state. Mr. Bates has the boys were made to t:eel proud of their

ranks first. R. D. Pulliam is the agricultu- stirred up not only a great deal of interest achievements and of their work in forestry.

ral vocational teacher directing the school among his students, but among the timber- This school has had splendid success with

forestry project. Not only has the school land owners whom he has assisted with ad- its seed bed. An excellent stand of seed-

forestry program been carried out, but vice about fire protection and thinning. He lings in a bed 4 by 40 feet promises to pro-

Prof. Pulliam has been instrumental in hav- held 10 meetings of adults with an aver- vide thousands of seedlings for students

FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW

3

to use on home projects and on their fa- and samples of veneer, cellophane and EROSION NATIONAL PROBLEM
thers' farms. Longleaf and slash pine are other products are displayed. Samples of

grown. The school has had excellent success with

injury by tree disease and insects are on display. Numerous signs made by the stu-

At the annual meetin2" of the National Forestry Association, Secretary of Agri-

its tree seedlings in planting open spaces in the school forests. Its sample plots for

dents are displayed cellently made.

on the forest,

all ex-

culture Hyde spoke on "The Cost and Cure of Erosion." Among his notable statements

studying the effect of burning are in a sep-

was the following:

arate tract from the main school forest.

Lanier High School

"Erosion strikes at the vitals of civiliza-

There the influence of annual fire has 11hown marked difference in only two years. The influence of forestry work in Colquit county is being felt widely and favorably. Local civic organizations are backing Prof. Walters in his forestry pro-

Lanier High School, located at Macon and drawing students from all parts of Bibb county, is reported as being first in the Fifth District of which H. M. Sebring is district forester with headquarters at Macon. W. H. Sorrells is teacher of voca-

tion. It is the problem of the farmer, the fisherman, the builder of waterways and reservoirs, the business man, the legislator -the problem, in short, of every thinking citizen of the nation. In part an individual problem for the farmer, it is also in large

gram.

tional agriculture. All rural students and part a problem for community, state and

Georgia Industrial College

some city students receive instruction in national action. In the permanent improveforestry. Five rural students have home ment of waterways and water supply, in

The school in the fourth district, with forestry projects, averaging 5 acres each. the conservation of soil resources, in our W. G. Wallac~, district forester at Colum- The school forest consists of 20 acres attempts to achieve a balanced agricultural bus, is Georgia Industrial College at involving a number of problems of forest production and to maintain an industrial

Barnesville. F. B. White is the agricultu- management, among them deep erosion on civilization, efforts must begin on the land.

ral vocational teacher. Prof. White has the fall line between the Piedmont Plateau "A wise land-use program lies at the been runner-up for the Georgia Forestry and the Coastal Plain. The school has base of many of our problems--social, poAssociation prize for two years. In spite planted 1500 slash and longleaf pines. litical and economic."

of the fact that most of his students are Firebreaks have been constructed as called

boarders and come from various parts of for by the forest management plans. Tree HARDWOOD FIRE WOUNDS

the state, 11 of the 16 students in forestry seed were collected and a seed bed planted. R. M. Nelson and I. H. Sims of the Ap-

have home projects which they have estab- On the sample quarter-acre plots trees palachian Forest Experiment Station meas-

lished and conducted during holidays at have been tagged and annual diameter ured the bark discoloration left by fire on

home. This school has a splendid forest of measurements are recorded to note the ef- hardwood trees at McFalls Creek, Virginia,

about 30 acres. Fuel and wood supplies for fect of fire on the rate of growth, one on different species of trees averaging 4

the college are supplied from the forest. tract being burned over each year and a to 28 inches in diameter, and then esti-

Last year 150 cords were cut by the stu- comparable plot alongside left unburned. mated the wounds left in the inner bark.

dents under the direction of Mr. White, Students of the school have collected fire Yellow poplar showed the smallest wounds

who has used excellent judgment in thin- statistics of their respective communities, and scarlet oak the greatest.

ning and improvement cutting to promote giving names of land owners, acres In the case of trees of 10 inches in dia-

yield.

_

burned over and causes of fires. Boys who meter at 4% feet from the ground, 5

A seed bed has been established and a have received instruction in forestry are square feet of discoloration on the surface

supply of water for the seed bed is being spreading the gospel of fire protection, aid- leaves a wound 1% square feet on yellow

provided by the installation of a pump, ing in fire fighting and leading the way in poplar, 3 square feet on chestnut, 4 square

pipe line and reservoir, all this work being reforestation and forest management in feet on white oak and 7 1h square feet on

done by the students.

their respective communities.

llcarlet oak.

A very attractive log cabin has been

built, constructed by the boys except the stone chimney. The building has a front and back porch supported and bannistered with river birch; it has a kitchen, and inside are rustic seats and furniture made by the boys. A picnic ground has been laid out with tables and. seats. White stones mark paths and driveways. A road has been built to the cabin and through the forest. At this cabin the forestry club meets. Mr. White was the first to organize a forestry club with degrees given for each step. in required forestry work. The forest and cabin are in great demand by the community which finds them an ideal place for outings.
An interesting and attractive feature is

DawnviUe High School
In the district of which W. D. Young, of Rome, is district forester, Dawnville High School, near Dalton, is first and the Fourth District A & M School at Carrollton, second. Ivan E. Carson is teacher at Dawnville and has had only two years of forestry in this school. Thirty students took forestry work, and of this number, twelve had home projects.
The school forest management plans are carried out. Sample plots, burned and unburned, have been established, trees numbered and growth records kept. Firebreaks have been constructed, tree seed collected and a forest fire survey of the school com-

T. P. 0. Acreage Budgeted for Fire
Protection Fiscal Year 1932-33
Budgets have been prepared on approximately 800,000 acres ofT. P. 0. lands in the seventh district for next fiecal year. The budgets indicated that many landowners are increasing their expenditures for next year. There was a general trend to intensify their pre-suppression work, particularly in increasing the mileage of fire breaks. More pre-suppression work than ever before is scheduled which, with normal weather conditions next year, should show a vast improvement in the fire record for next season on the T. P. 0. acreage.

a "crow's nest" or lookout tower constructed in the top of a tall pine with a ladder constructed up the tree.
All the forestry management plans are

munity has been made. Community interest in forestry has been
quickened by the activity of the school and students.

line in a cooperative project of the Division of Forest Service and the Georgia Experiment Station at the Mountain Station in Union county.

carried out as outlined by the Division of

A recent announcement comes from Cal-

Forestry.

GENETICS OF FOREST TREES ifornia to the effect that the Institute of

In the vocational building Prof. White

Forest Genetics has been established by

has a splendid forestry exhibit and ma- Comparatively little has been done to funds provided by James G. Eddy of Seat:

terials for teaching forestry. Each stu- breed superior trees. A vast amount of tie, Washington. The work has been inau-

dent is required to mount leaves of 40 work has been on field and horticultural gurated at Placerville, California. By se-

species and describe the same. Wood crops with phenomenal results. Some lections and crosses it is hoped that trees

samples, tree seeds, photographs, charts studies are being inaugurated along this may be made to grow more rapidly.

4

FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW

Georgia Forestry Association's

of this country, he said, consume half a million tons of kaolin annually and 375,000

Very Constructive Program at Rome

barrels of rosin, and 350 to 400 th.ousand tons of lime all of which raw matenals are

found in abundance in Georgia. Besides,

Discoveries of Great Importance to Georgia's Development of Forestry

Georgia has abundant water, fuel, ~rans portation and labor to meet paper mill re-

Resources Announced - Governor Favors Severance Tax - Association Favors Timber and Water Survey and More Parks- Exhibits of Trees

quirements. Speaking of the Geological Survey, Mr.
Mallory told of mineral and commercial

Showing Very Rapid Growth and New Methods of Utilizing Forest water surveys and of the close tie-in of

Products and Forestry Activities.

Geology with paper making in kaolins; of how Georgia is rich in mineral resources,

of the 45 bulletins and reports of the Geo-

The tenth annual meeting of the Geor- saved vast sums of wealth each year with logical Survey, adding that there is much

gia Forestry Association, held at Rome, little outlay.

to be done, which for lack of funds, has

June 22 and 23, is regarded as the most He referred to the forestry work in ag- not been done. He referred to valuable

important in many respects ever held. ricultural vocational schools as providing work in ceramics carried on by the Geor-

Among the most sigRificant statements at leaven that will work out for great develop- gia School of Technology. Plans for plac-

the association meeting was the announce- ment of forest wealth of the state, and ing mineralogical exhibits in schools, he re-

ment of Dr. Chas. H. Herty that second vast returns from little expenditure. Prizes ported, was being considered by the Depart-

growth loblolly and longleaf pines are as offered teachers, schools and pupils by the ment of Forestry and Geological DevelOJ?-

well adapted to white paper manufacture Georgia Forestry Association and Dr. ment.

'

as slash pine about which he had already Herty are gilt edge investments in promot- The establishment of forest nurseries,

made announcement.

ing the development of forest wealth. For to grow millions of seedlings for sale to

Governor Russell declared in favor of every dollar the state has invested in the Georgians at cost, he referred to as a new

deferred or severance tax, collectable as paper research plant, two do!lar~ have .al- activity of the department.

forestry products are harvested, as an im- ready come into the state, which IS nothmg Increasing the number of state parks, he

portant incentive to forestry development to compare with the great returns expected said, is contemplated and studies of im-

in the state.

from the knowledge of ways of convert- proved methods of turpentine production

The association urged steps to cooperate ing our forests into wealth.

at Cogdell are in progress.

with federal agencies in having a complete Parks, as a tonic to health, inspiration The gratitude of every citizen of Geor-

timber survey made of Georgia, a complete and bodily fitness to produce more wealth, gia, he said, is due Francis P. Garvin, The

survey of streams, and asked for more he said, was an investment of great value. Chemical Foundation, Mrs. E. T. Comer of

state parks.

Mr. Stone plead for the encouragement Savannah, and the Savannah Electric and

A slash pine tree planted in a plantation of growing forest crops by the use of de- Power Company for their generosity in

of James A. Fowler, six years ago, now 8 ferred or severance tax collectible as for- providing equipment and a building for

inches in diameter and 24 feet high, was ests are harvested. By this means the land the paper research plant at Savannah, and

transported from Soperton and set up as owner may be able to hold and profit by to concessions of equipment manufacturers,

an exhibit. This with other exhibits com- growing trees, which otherwise would be in all of which we was not unmindful of

prised the most successful exhibits ever lost through the present system of land the important link of the able and genial

made at an association meeting.

taxation.

Director of Research.

T. G. Woolford, Atlanta leader, was con- In the course of his address Mr. Stone

Forestry and Power

tinued as president; Bonne! Stone, Oxford, "Father of Forestry in Georgia" as sec-

sketched in an interesting manner the development of forestry in Georgia and of

W. H. Barnwell, Atlanta, connected with the Georgia Power Company, gave an in-

retary; C. B. Harman, pioneer in forestry how well the organizations set to this task teresting and instructive discussion of the

work, as chairman of the Executive Com- are accounting for their stewardship.

part forests play in conserving water

mittee. Other officials are given in the course of this account.
The next meeting place is at Savannah during the celebration of the 200th anniversary of the founding of Georgia at that city.
OPENING SESSION
Invocation was offered by Rev. W. L. Collins of Rome. In the absence of Wilson M. Hardy, President of the Rome Chamber of Commerce, who was scheduled to make the welcome address, J. B. Sullivan, Mayor of Rome, extended a hearty and cordial welcome, to which President T. G. Woolford responded with appreciation, and with expressions of love for Rome.
Bonnell Stone speaks
Introduced as a young man who dreamed forestry and made his dreams come true, Bonnell Stone, Oxford, Georgia, presented a paper on "Forestry Pays Its Way". Mr. Stone made it clear that Georgia is getting great returns from its investment. Instead of forests being exhausted, as predicted a few years ago, he pointed out that forest p:roducts are on the increase in recent years. The Herty cupping method of turpentining now to be followed, as he believed, by a Herty method of paper making from southern pines, have added to and promise to add to the value of Georgia forests.
He told of the necessity of insuring the woods against fire as fundamental to making forests pay. How the Division of Forest Service has developed the Timber Protective Organization system in Georgia, and of great results showing that fire anywhere and under any condition can be controlled, he pointed to as a solution of the fire problem. Fire protection, he said,

Address of Mr. Mallory
Speaking on the subject, "Department of Forestry and Geological Development", J. M. Mallory, Savannah, member of the Commission of that department, and Industrial Agent for the Central of Georgia Railway Company, said:
"The Department of Forestry and Geological Development was created by the last General Assembly of Georgia in response to the demand for economy in State Government. Of the proposals suggested, the combination of forestry and geology was a logical and happy outcome. There was added the Division of Paper and Pulp Research, which deals with both forest and mineral products.
"Supplementing these divisions, we have at the General office the development agent, Mr. Bonnell Stone, whose duties are to coordinate the work of the divisions, promote markets for forest and mineral products, cooperate in the preparation of industrial surveys and give general supervision to park activities. Then we have our educational manager, Mr. C. A. Whittle, who plans and supervises the forestry cooperative work with vocational schools and edits the monthly publication of the department, "THE FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW".
"All of these activities are under the supervision of a commission of which Governor Russell is chairman, and is composed of five citizens from different sections of the state."
Mr. Mallory told of the "come back" of the lumber and naval stores industries with second growth pines, and of the hope for pulp and paper mills to come as a result of research work of Dr. Herty. Paper mills

power, thereby contributing to the maintenance and development of this great natural resource of Georgia.
The potential water power of Georgia, he said, is 744,000 horse power, less than half of which has been developed, but perhaps 50 per cent of the undeveloped water power may never be developed for various reasons. Maintenance of forests and preservation of water power, he said, was conserving assets of lumber and water power amounting to an annual value to Georgia of $90,000,000. The reason forests are essential to water power, he said, is that the forest floor makes a sponge for holding water to soak into the soil, which finds its way to springs and issues forth as clean water throughout the year.
He said about 12 inches of rainfall are evaporated by the trees themselves and 6 to 12 inches of rainfall are evaporated from the soil surface, leaving the remainder to percolate into the soil if forests have remained unburned and their floor litter is there to absorb it. Instances are reported of springs decreasing their flow and going dry with the clearing off of forests.
He compared a tin roof to a roof with a sponge on it as an illustration. From the tin roof the water runs off rapidly; on the roof with a sponge the water is stored and drips out slowly.
The effect of deforestation of the Chattahoochee River basin area and the increase of silt and debris which resulted in completely filling up the waterhead of the dam
so that the only available water power is the regular flow of the stream, was cited. He called attention to the deforested area around Copper Hill, of the ghastly erosion and rush of silt and gravel into streams as

FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW

5

a striking illustration of what vegetation
does in protecting soil.
Luncheon Program
At the luncheon on June 21, the toastmaster was Judge Ogden Persons of Forsyth, who wittily and pertinently commented as he introduced Mr. George Butler, President of the Savannah Chamber of Commerce, who spoke of the plans of Savannah to celebrate the 200th anniversary of the founding of Georgia next year. He was followed by Warner Hall, Decatur, President of the Georgia division of the Appalachian Trail Association, and enthused the audience over the pleasures of hiking over the wilderness crests of the Ap-

pay, and asked what provisions are being made to leave the children an asset rather
than a liability. His suggestion was that forests be left
as an inheritance, an inheritance growing as the trees grow. This inheritance he would protect by leaving the forest as a trust with a trust company or trust officer, so as to keep the inheritor from recklessly dissipating it. He would collect only a severance tax when tree products are har-
vested. The trees he would grow as an inheri-
-tance might be walnuts, black locusts, persimmons or pines or whatever other species might be adapted to any given region.

ever present during the fire season and the odor of burning woods was a signal of alarm, of an impending danger. She spoke of a six-mile threat of the enemy fire against her beloved woods, of the feeling of helplessness, of a need of aid from the forestry association and the state forest
service. She knew of no better way to curb fires
at their source than to educate the people to the meaning of fires. She wanted school talks, talks on store steps, close contact with everyone by foresters, that the people might have fire consciousness.
Introduced with a toast of pure water by President T. G. Woolford, the chief executive of the state, Governor Russell,

palachians.

/

Dr. Herty Address

Chairman of the Commission of Forestry

Secretary J. W. Foster of the Rome Dr.Charles H. Herty of Savannah and and Geological Development, was given an

Chamber of Commerce, was called upon. New Yprk, and research chemist in charge ovation.

He asked every delegate to make his or her of wood pulp and paper manufacture of Governor Russell said he would not, if

wishes known. A delightful musical pro- the Department of Forestry and Geologi- he could, undertake to eulogize the woods

gram was given at the luncheon.

cal Development of Georgia, concluded after hearing Mrs. Harris, nor would he,

National Forests in Georgia

the first day's program with an address if he could, undertake to discourse on

Clinton G. Smith, supervisor of National Forests in Southern Appalachians with headquarters at Athens, Tenn., spoke on the National Forests in Georgia, the Cherokee and Nantahala forests. At present he said, only about 50 per cent of 340,000 acres originally planned for Georgia, has been purchased. The average price paid for mountain lands has been $5.40 per acre. No land has ever been condemned in acquiring the forests.
In the Georgia part of the National Forest are a great variety of trees, growing on rich soil under maximum rain fall, resulting in splendid and varied forest development.
Mr. Smith said roads and trails have been opened up for 262 miles on the Cherokee and about an equal amount on the Nantahala forests, thus opening up remote isolated regions for those dwelling in the mountains and for the access of the public into these picturesque mountain areas.
The national forest has a game refuge operated in cooperation with the state and is increasing the wild life in the mountains but, he said, there should be five or six such refuges to thoroughly replenish the mountains with deer, wild turkeys, etc.
Vacationists, he said, are welcomed to the national forest areas with their lakes, trout streams and for the hikers is the Georgia section of the Appalachian trail, extending largely through the national for-
ests. The national forests contribute to the water sheds, this being one of the original purposes of the national forest in Georgia.
Mr. Smith invited Georgians to visit and enjoy the recreational advantages of the national forests.
Trees as an Inheritance

that held his audience with intense interest. He made the momentous announcement that he was ready to say from his research work that loblolly and longleaf pines are as well suited to the manufacture of white news print as slash pine about which he had already made announcement.
Instead of the manufacture of white news print being a South Georgia possibility it has become a state wide possibility, and he felt confident that short leaf and Virginia pines would be found adapted to paper pulp as well as those tried out.
Samples of beautiful white pulp made in exactly the same way from slash, longleaf and loblolly, at the Savannah research plant were displayed by Dr. Herty. On a screen were shown photographs of fiber magnified by microscope showing little differences between the three leading tree species. The length of the fiber of the three species was shown to be practically the same.
Paper, Dr. Herty said, had not yet been
made and would not be made until the series of experiments with wood pulp have been concluded. He spoke of a few of the problems to be solved.
Lantern slides of photographs made ()f
the research plant at Savannah, were displayed and explained by Dr. Herty. Dr. Herty said that he had intended to make an announcement of his recent discoveries about the adaptability of loblolly and longleaf pines to paper pulp manufacture, first at the meeting of the Georgia Forestry Association, only to find that a news agency had disregarded the release date and published it before the meeting, much to his regret.
Dr. Herty's address was heard with intense interest and ended with an ovation

technical forestry before a body of forestry experts. He would, however, venture to say that this country had been very profligate with its forestry resources, that it failed to profit by the experiences of older countries and now must face about and reclaim lost ground.
Under the necessity of retrenchment in state operating expenses, the General Assembly, he said, had found it necessary to cut down the cost of state departments, but with an appreciation of the need for forestry work, the legislature had singled out the forestry department for a slight increase.
The Governor said that in recent years agriculture in the south had been forced back into a live-at-home program. More intensive methods are now making more on fewer acres. This, with the exodus of farm labor with the incoming of the boll weevil, had left the state with much unused farm lands, now useful only for growing trees, and reforesting these idle lands will prove a genuine !;>Iessing.
He spoke of the work of Dr. Herty as holding out great promise for timber growing in Georgia, introducing an important new demand for forest crops.
Speaking of forest fires, he said he had observed their devastation particularly in South Georgia; he had seen the soil of swamps burned during the recent drouth, and he knew that the fire is the chief problem of forestry in Georgia. He said that the Department of Forestry and Geological Development with a force of a state forester and eight district foresters could not, of course, undertake to fight everybody's forest fires, or to visit every :;;;chool, or sit on the store steps with groups of men and talk about forest fires. More of

Joseph A. McCord, Atlanta, delighted the of applause in his favor.

that kind of service it is hoped can be ren-

audience with his witty sayings, sound advice, and with his suggestion for using

Governor

Russell

and

Mrs.

Harris

Heard

dered some day. He was certain, however, that the few foresters in the state have

trees as an inheritance for one's children. The banquet program at night was been of great help and that the fire de-

He said the industrial age had over-reached featured by addresses by Mrs. Corra Harris vastation would have been vastly greater

itself and that the trend is now away from and Governor Richard Russell, also by a had they not been in the field encouraging

industrial centers back to the farm where musical program. The toastmaster who and organizing landowners to fight their

subsistence is easier to obtain. This he reveled in wit, humor and poetry, was own fires.

said, would bring back agriculture to its President T. G. Woolford of the Associa- The work now being done by the De-

rightful place. The farm region which tion.

partment of Forestry and Geological De-

fails to grow its own food crops will lose Mrs. Corra Harris, noted writer, living velopment, through the vocational agri-

its population, he said. In his trips over the in the country in an adjoining county, in cultural schools is having far-reaching in-

state he had found agriculture shifting to a her quiet but very impressive manner, fluence in building up forestry sentiment

live-at-home basis.

swayed her audience with brilliant sorties in the state.

On fewer acres, with better methods, of wit and with her expressions of love for Governor Russell came out in a strong

as much can now be grown on 5 acres as trees. She told of her daily association declaration in favor of deferred or sever-

was formerly grown on 25 acres. Lands with trees, of their intimate and beautiful ance tax on forest land, collectable when

now eroded and not needed for agricultu- relation with the horizon of her country products are taken from the forest land,

ral crops should be set to growing trees. life. She cherished trees; they are so much rather than a land tax as at present. Such

Eroding hillsides planted to trees will re- a. part of her life that she cannot consent legislation requires a two-thirds vote of

deem the lost bottom lands.

tp cut them down. She ministers to them the General Assembly. Hitherto it has

Mr. McCord said the present generation when ill and would conserve and perpetu- failed of enactment. He believed no step

is leaving an inheritance of $450 for each ate them.

would encourage forest development more

man, woman and child in this country to The fear of fire among her trees was than this change of tax policy.

6

FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW

I In conclusion, Governor Russell said he For each state, information as to per- celebrate the 200th anniversary of the

could assure every one that forestry is not centage of forest land under virgin growth, founding of Georgia.

a stepchild of the governor of the state. second-growth, and cut-over and not re- Mr. J. M. Mallory, Chairman of the Nom-

Vocational Forestry in Georgia

stocking; the area and percentage of agri- inating Committee, named T. G. Woolford,

Professor L. M. Sheffer, state super- cultural land under cultivation and aban- Atlanta, president; Judge G. Ogden Per-

visor of agricultural teaching, spoke of doned; area and percentage of forest types; sons, Forsyth, first vice president; Jack

the forestry project in the vocational agri- stand of merchantable timber in board feet Williams, Waycross, second vice president;

cultural schools of the state. This project, by species and log grades; where appropri- J. Phil Campbell, Athens, third vice presi-

he stated, originated in the Georgia For- a~~ the number and grades of poles and dent; Joseph A. McCord, Atlanta, treasur-

est Service which presented a plan of co- pdmg; the number of cords of pulpwood er; Bonnell Stone, Oxford, secretary.

operation to the vocational agricultural and of retort wood. .

The executive committee, C. B. Harman,

department which was v~ry glad to C?- In the naval ~tores belt th~ numbe~ of Atlanta, chairman; Mrs. M. E. Judd, Dal-

operate in carrying on this plan. Georgia crops of turpentme cups now m operatwn, ton; Dr. W. M. Folks, Waycross; Gordon

is the first state to undertake this forestry kind of cups being used, percentage of E. Reynolds, Albany; H. L. Kayton, Savan-

project in vocational schools. All of the crops of various stages of working, supply nah; Alex K. Sessoms, Cogdell; Jno. M.

white Smith-Hughes consolidated rural of available turpentine timber on hand, Graham, Rome; J. A. Davis, Albany; B. C.

high schools in the state have school for- and a forecast of available timber for each Milner, East Point; Col. R. E. Benedict,

ests of ten or more acres on which the of two following decades.

Brunswick; Thos. Hamilton, Augusta; W.

practice of forestry is carried on under A study is to be made for all forest types H. Key, Monticello; W. T. Anderson,

management plans made by .the G~or~ia of the regrowth conditions on CJit-over Macon; Miss Emily Woodard, Vienna; E.

Forest Service and with the aid of district or burned-over land; the rate of growth A. McCorl!lick, Gainesville.

foresters who visit each school two or more on both old and young stands; rate of de-

Resolutions Adopted

times a year. In addition boys have home projects on
their fathers: forests where they plant trees thin and construct firebreaks, each of these being a neighborhood demonstration. _
The rudiments of forestry, practical
things that can be applied on any farm, are taught by the job method. These jobs are collecting seed, operating seed beds, tree planting, thinning, estimating the value of .standing timber, use of woods and names of trees.
Pr'ofessor Sheffer spoke his gratitude to the Georgia Forestry Association and to Dr. Charles H. Herty for prizes offered teachers and pupils doing the best work on forestry. These, he said, were proving
valuable incentives. The forest camp, provided by the state
forest service he said, was also proving a great incentive as well as a school of training in practical forestry.
Professor Sheffer gave reports from
rural schools showing the kind and extent
of work in forestry and of community in-

pletion by cutting, turpentining and by

losses due to fires, insects, rot and storms;

probable yields of various forest products

by decades in the future; actual stands of

timber by diameter classes of all species.

In addition, the survey will ascertain

national, foreign and local requirements

for all forest products.

The 11urvey is being made by cruising

lines and use of sample plots. Accurate informatio~ wi~l be made avail-

able to the trade territories of chambers

of commerce, trade associations, banks,

railroads, timberland owners, lumber in-

terests, naval stores interests, pulp and

paper interests, the wood preserving in-

dustry, state departments, agricultural

agencies, state revenue and budget bodies

and state legislature.

Captain Eldredge said the work had

started of that

in Mississippi because state was offered first

bcuoto~pheartattihoen

survey was ready to take up work m other

states as soon as cooperative arrangements

were perfected.

Visitors Heard

In view of the prospect of increased timber values growing out of research in paper manufacture and the prospect of increased demand for timber along other lines, timber owners were admonished to make ready for the future by protecting the forest and potential forest land from fire.
Resolutions were passed favoring reviving the Southern Forestry Conference; favoring more state parks; recommending that the legislature appropriate funds for completing stream surveys and water analysis of the state; in favor of further support of paper research and development of the paper industry in this state.
Resolutions were passed thanking J. W. Foster, Secretary of the Chamber of Commerce, the Rome Chamber of Commerce, the business people of Rome, the General Forrest Hotel and the press for entertaining and helping the convention.
Jas. A. Fowler, Soperton, was thanked for his contribution of a phenomenal slash pine exhibited at the convention. A resolution of regret and sympathy in the death

terest aroused.

William Wilson, Jacksonville, Florida, of of Mrs. R. C. Orr of Athens, a charter

State Forester Holmes of North Carolina the Florida State Chamber of Commerce, member of the association was authorized.

State Forester J. s. Holmes of North who had just come from Washington, D. C., The association strongly recommended

Carolina addressed the meeting concern- where he had been in close touch with that steps be taken to have a forest sur-

ing the aims of the Southern Forestry Con- legislative matters, advocated forestry as vey made in Georgia. The association

ference, the organization that was instru- one of the avenues of public relief. He called upon delegates to the National Dem-

mental in forming the Georgia Forestry told of the harm now being done to the ocratic Convention to advocate that the

Association.

clay industry by England's change from democratic platform contain provisions for

Mr. Holmes gave a history and objectives gold to silver standard, of how the lumber adjusting trade differentials caused by

of the conference, told of its accomplish- industry of this country is suffering from change of currencies to protect American

ments and advanced many reasons for be- depreciated currencies of other countries, producers.

lieving that this south-wide organization and favored congressional regulation that The association favored expenditures

should continue to function. He thought will restore a fair opportunity for Ameri- on private, state and national forests as a

that at the present time of business de- can producers.

part of the congressional relief measures.

pression it would be difficult to revive Ex-Governor Hugh McRae of North

EXHIBITS

the conference but believed that a good time and place to reorganize would be at one of the state forestry association meetings.
Mr. Holmes said there were many southwide problems in forestry such as taxation, state and_ national, of south-wide movements of forest surveys represented by the work of Captain 1. F. Eldredge, and promotion of south-wide practices of lumbering and naval stores policies that a south-wide organization could carry out

Carolina, originator and head of the Southeastern Economic Council, was recognized and spoke of the Council's interest in promoting forestry.
Georgia's forestry educational program and fire protection methods he thought were worthy of his organization's encouragement for use throughout the south. He spoke of Dr. Herty's work on paper research as beyond anything that had ever been accomplished along the line, and promised great thfngSi for the south.

Thi display of exhibits made at the meeting under the direction of J. M. Mallory, chairman of the Exhibit Committee, was considered the best ever made at a similar convention. One-half of the Forrest Hotel lobby was filled with the exhibit material, the most extraordinary of which was a slash pine planted as a seedling in 1926, that has reached 8 inches in diameter one foot from the ground and is 24 feet high. This tree was cut from a plantation of set trees on the lands of James A. Fow-

better than by any other way.

Report& of Officers

ler, Soperton, Georgia. It was cut and

What Forest Survey Means to Georgia

President Woolford reported briefly that hauled by truck to Rome and set up in

Capt. I. F. Eldredge, formerly of Fargo, the association had promoted the combina- front of the exhibit space. No exhibit at-

Georgia, now with the federal forest sur- tion of forestry and geology in the reor- tracted so much attention and elicited so

vey with headquarters at New Orleans, ganization plans of state government; got much surprised comment.

gave an interesting account of plans for $50,000 for forestry the association had Another exhibit that attracted much at-

making a forest survey in the south.

advocated, and asked for research in paper tention was that of the Hercules Powder

"The Forest Survey of the South", he production from southern woods, which Company of Brunswick, Georgia and Wil-

said, "is aiming at an accurate picture of was obtained from the legislature.

mington, Delaware, showing more than 50

the forest situation in the southern states The treasurer reported a balance of products derived from old pine stumps.

without reference to hitherto published $62.67. The committee on next place of Turpentine and rosin derivatives, with

figures, forecasts, or theories, private or meeting roported 5 invitations and ac- wall board and rayon silk made from resi-

public."

cepted the invitation of Savannah to help due of fiber, were on display.

FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW

7

The Rome,

Tubiz Chattelon making rayon silk

Corporation of from wood and

SCHOOL AWARDS TO BE

Timber Protective Organization

cotton linters, made-a very interesting and

ANNOUNCED AT CAMP

Formed in Bulloch

attractive exhibit of raw materials to finished products. Each step in manufacture

The East Bulloch Timber Protective

was illustrated. The finished products, Georgia Forestry Association and Organization was formed on June 2, and

woven from the rayon, were numerous and
attractive. The American Aluminum Company had
an attractive exhibit featuring wood preservation with aluminum paint, and alum-

Herty Prizes

for Vocational

Teach-

contains 33 members with a total of 12,277 acres. Mr. T. R. Bryan, Jr., of Brooklet,

ers, Schools and Stu~ents.

is president and Mr. D. T. Proctor, of Ar-

cola, is secretary-treasurer.

inum turpentine cups. A part of the ex- Four prizes for excellence in school for- The new T. P. 0. lands extend from

hibit was revolving under electric power. Modern turpentining still models were
displayed by the Bureau of Chemistry and Plant Foods of the United States Depart-

estry work will be announced at the close of the Vocational Forest Camp at Young Harris College August 14.

Brooklet, Ga. southeast along the Savannah highway to Stilson and includes Arcola. Each landowner is to build his own

ment of Agriculture. The miniature build- The annual prize of the Georgia Forestry firebreaks and $130.00 worth of fire pumps

ings and stills and photographs of working plans for construction constituted the exhibit.

Association of $100. goes to the agricultural vocational teacher doing outstanding

will be purchased and which to fight fires.

distributed

with

The Division of Forest Service had the work in forestry. A prize of $100. offered The organization plans to build 195 miles

most extensive exhibit. Panels showed in by Dr. Chas. H. Herty goes to the school of fire-break, employ a patrolman for the

photographs various lines of activities in as a whole that does the best work. Dr. three months of January, February and

forestry, including tree nursery work, plantings, timber protection, work with voc;ational agricultural schools, vocational

Herty also awards $50. to the student doing the best work and $25. to the student

March, put up fire signs, fight fires and do everything possible to obtain efficient fire

forestry camp, publications, news service, doing the second best work.

protection.

samples of wood growth for burned and Keen interest has been taken by teachers

unburned trees thinned forests.

and

of

thinned

and

un-

and students in an effort to secure these prizes, and the winners will have records

Woods-Burner Gets Shot of Lead

SCHOOL CHILDREN FORESTRY

of which. they may well feel proud.

A party in the Consolidated area, tip-

MEETING

ped off beforehand, waited under cover

A meeting for young people was held in the city library auditorium with boy

Cypress Knee for 1932

for a man expected to set fire on a certain dark night. On a scheduled time, the

scouts of Rome, 4-H club representatives and vocational school students comprising
the audience. J. W. Foster, Rome, presided. C. A. Whittle, Educational Manager

The lOth annual issue of "The Cypress Knee" put out by the School of Forestry

burner arrived at the designated poi~t and began striking matches and firing the woods. A flashlight was played on him and

of the Department of Forestry and Geolo- of the Georgia State College of Agriculture he was ordered to halt. The culprit "lit

gical Development, announced the program.
Mrs. M. E: Judd, Dalton, introduced Dr. Chas. H. Herty of New York, who made a short talk about protecting forests from

has appeared from the press and is a very informative and interesting publication. Considerable attention is given to naval

out" refusing to comply and a load of birdshot was fired after him effectively. It is a noticeable fact that no more woods-

fire thus protecting young people's heri- stores production in this issue. The pitie firing has been done in that particular vi-

tage. Young trees, he said, are the future forests and fire unchecked will kill the

tree received major consideration. Those who desire copies of the publica-

cinity.

young trees. His address was heard with intense interest. .

tion should write G. D. Marckworth, Pro-

Then followed two moving picture reels fessor of Forestry, Athens, Georgia.

Increase Protected Area

by W. D. Young, district forester at Rome.

An additional 5,000 acres has come un-

Scout masters led the scouts in a program
of songs and yells that added to the enthusiasm of the meeting.

Naval Stores Practice

der organized protection in District 1 this year. The Berry Schools have purchased

FOREST DEMONSTRATION TRIP
Under the leadership of State Forester B. M. Lufburrow and District Forester W.

Technical Bulletin 298 of the United States Department of Agriculture entitled, "Experiments in Naval Stores Practice,"

an additional acreage of 5,000 acres, which will bring the total area in the Martha Berry T. P. 0. up to 25,000 acres.

D. Young, an inspection trip was made in prepared by Lenthal Wyman of the United Plans are being perfected for a new T.

the afternoon to the Berry School's forest whe~e firebreak construction, seedbed operatiOn, reforestation and forest thinning were observed.

States Southern Forest Experiment Station, is now available. Mr. Wyman has conducted research in naval stores with head-

P. 0. to begin operations during the next fire season. The area to be put under protection will be 12,000 acres.

T~e party was entertained at points by quarters at Starke, Florida, for several

m!lsic rendered by the Berry School. The trip proved both interesting and instruc-

years and has contributed much to improve

Appling T. P. 0. Fights Hard

tive.

naval stores practice in the south. The Bulletin contains much practical in-

Headed by L. C. Walker, able Appling Secretary and County Agent, the Appling

Delayed Germination

formation founded on years of study. It T. P. 0. crowd has certainly fought hard

The Berry Schools believe that they have the record for the length of time that it took for pine seed to germinate after plant-

should be in the hands of every person interested in the forestry side of naval stores production.

against fires this past season. Fires have been fought several miles away from T. P. 0. lands by T. P. 0. fire-fighters. It is a

ing. Loblolly pine seed were planted in the

Gulf State Foresters

county spirit such as this that gets results in keeping down fire losses.

school nursery the 15th of April. No seed

came up during the germination period, At a June meeting of the Gulf State Osierfield Man Burned Badly But

which is about 14 days after planting. Section of the Society of American ForAfter waiting a few days longer, Mr. Bible, esters, held at New Orleans, the following

Plowing New Breaks

the nurseryman, decided that he would were elected as officers:

Albert Harper, timber grower of Osier-

plant the beds to something else, but for President, Fred B. Merrill, State For- field, is going ahead laying out and plow-

some reason did not do so, and during the ester of Mississippi, Jackson, Miss.; Vice ing breaks right straight through his burned

first week in June the seed came up to a President, G. H. Lentz, and Secretary, A. areas just as if there hadn't been any fire.

good stand. The total time from planting R. Spillers, the two latter being connected Mr. Harper refuses to be halt~d by his

of seed to germination was one and one- with the Southern Forestry Experiment losses, believing that persistent effort is

half months.

Station at New Orleans.

necessary to grow timber.

8

FORESTRY-GEOLOGICAL REVIEW

gold is found in both the quartz and the de-

MINERALS OF GEORGIA

cayed rock. Immense cuts have been made in the hills near Dahlonega in work-

Brief Accounts of Occurrences and Developments of the State's

ing this type of deposit. They have also been worked by the placer method.

Leading Minerals

Georgia gold as a rule has a high degree

Reported by THE DIVISION OF GEOLOGY'

of fineness. Distribution-Gold in Georgia is found

in both the mountain and the Piedmont

GOLD IN GEORGIA

IGeorgia and North Carolina had become of plateau. The greater portion of the de-

Article 5

. sufficient magnitude to warrant the estab- posits are located in well defined narrow

Georgia has more deposits of gold than lishment by the United States Government belts. These belts parallel in a general way

any state east of the Rocky Mountains. In of a branch mint at Dahlonega, which the Blue Ridge Mountains and are known

recent years interest in Georgia gold has operated until 1861 and during the period as the Dahlonega Belt, Hall County Belt,

revived and new explorations are in prog- of its operation coined $6,115,569. Statis- McDuffie County Belt, _carroll County

ress.

tics from the qirector of the mint estimate Belt, Oglethorpe County Belt, Madison

Previous to gold discoveries in the far the entire production of Georgia gold up County Belt, Gumlog Belt in Towns

west, in the forties, Dahlonega, Georgia, to 1909 at $17,500,000."

County, Coosa Creek Belt in Union County,

was a center of gold production and in The year of greatest gold production in Hightower Belt in Towns County.

1838 a United States mint was established Georgia was 1843, when the Dahlonega Isolated areas, away from the above

there. Gold production in the west, fol- mint coined $501,295.

mentioned belts are found in Fannin, Gil-

lowed by the civil war, left Georgia with Types of deposita-Three types of gold mer, Lincoln, Hall, Cherokee, Meriwether,

abandoned gold mines.

deposits are recognized in Georgia: ( 1) Forsyth, Wilkes, Murray, Hart', Walton,

In Bulletin 19 of the Geological Survey Vein deposits, ( 2) placer deposits, ( 3) de- Coweta, Campbell, Newton, H.enry and

d Georgia, S. P. Jones, Assistant Geologist, posits in decomposed rock. The size of Clarke counties.

says: "Mining engineers familiar with veins vary from a few inches to 20 feet in Present activities-At the present time

there are only two stamp mills operating

in the Dahlonega district-one at the old

Josephine mine on the Etowah River about

three miles southwest of Aurora, and the

other on Cavender's Creek property about

five miles northeast of Dahlonega. The

latter plant is operated by some graduate

student from the Michigan School of Mines,

Houghton, Michigan, and the former by a

mining company from Maryland. In ad-

dition to these activities in the Dahlonega

district, there is considerable prospecting

going on at different points and some plac-

er mmmg. The last named is confined

mainly to the stream in the vicinity of the

Barlow mine. Some development work is

being carried on at the Sixes Mine near

Holly Spring, Cherokee county, and W. H.

Floker is operating a 10-stamp mill in Mc-

Duffie county at the Columbia mine, lo-

Samples Gold-BearinG Stone of Georgia

cated about twelve miles northwest of

Thomson.

G1wrgia fields concur in the opinion that thickness. The smaller veins are often The State Geologist's office received al-

if the deposits of a similar character ex- richer than the large veins. Veins large most daily inquiry about the gold deposits

isted in any of the more important gold enough to justify the erection of a mining of the state from mining men throughout

producing states of the west, they would plant average $6.00 to $15.00 a ton of the country, which fact points, he says, to

have been much more extensively exploited. gold, according to Jones.. The veins pinch a widespread feeling that the gold mining

This is doubtless true; and a detailed sur- and swell horizontally and vertically. At industry of the state has a future.

vey of the territory confirms the belief some mines the pinches and swell occur

that the Georgia deposits, especially in re- with fair regularity.



July 4th Rally in Liberty County

cent years, have not received the attention Placer deposits usually occur in regions A county-wide rally and barbecue spon-

and tests they merit as judged by opera- where there are the most vein deposits, sored by the Liberty County Timber Pro-

tions in many other gold mining regions." along streams and in valleys containing tective Organization and the County Cham-

Hiatory-Quoting Jones : "It is thought eroded deposits. Many of the richer placer ber of Commerce will be held at the Ar-

by some that gold was mined to a limited deposits have been found along small mory in Hinesville, the county se'at, on July

extent in Georgia by Spanish explorers streams, gulches and dry hollows. Beds c.f 4th. Dinner will be served at 1 P.M. and

when DeSoto's expedition passed through some streams, such as the Chestatee River, preparations are under way to have at least

the state.

have been found to justify dredging. Beds 1500 people present to hear the speaking.

"In 1829 gold was discovered nearly of streams have been worked with dredge The principal address will be given by Dr.

simultaneously in the Nacoochee Valley boats in a number of places. Some of the Charles H. Herty. ,

region of White county and near Dahlon- black sands of the Dahlonega region found The object in having this meeting is to

ega in .J;,umpkin county. Many of the along streams have also been worked for get all the people in the county together

placer deposits of these two regions oc- their gold content.

to let them hear and see how much .vealth

curring along small branches and creeks, Deposits in decomposed rock are unique could be brought to their county if they

were exceedingly rich and easily worked, in the Appalachian Mountains. Rocks are would all join a T. P. 0. and receive 100

and active mining followed the discovery. deeply decayed in many localities. In the per cent forest fire protection so that they

"By 1838 the production of gold in decomposed rocks are quartz veins. The could produce a new crop of timber.