Georgia forestry, Vol. 50, no. 4 (Winter/Spring 1998)

Georgia FORESTRY
USPS No. 217120 Winter/Spring, 1998 No. 4 Vol. 50
STAFF Lynn A. Walton, Editor William S . Edwards, Assoc. Editor Jackie N. Mitchell, Graphic Artist Julia Baker, Editorial Asst.
Zell Miller, Governor J. Frederick Allen, Director Bob Lazenby, Technical Advisor

From the Director of the Georgia Forestry Commission, J. Frederick Allen

Georgia Forestry Commission J. Frederick Allen

P. 0. Box 819, Macon, Georgia 31202-0819

Di r e c t o r

(912) 751 -3500, Fax (912) 751-3465

BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS Jim L. Gillis, Jr., Chairman, Soperton
C. M. Eunice, Jr., Blackshear J. G. Fendig, Savannah
Larry S. Walker, Oglethorpe P. W. Bryan, Jr., Thomasville
DISTRICT OFFICES
District One 3086 Martha Berry Hwy.fRome, GA 30165
706 295-6021
District 1\vo 3005 Atlanta Hwy./Gainesville, GA 30507
770-531 -6043
District Three 1055 E. Whitehall Rd ./Athens, GA 30605
706-542-6880
District Four 187 Corinth Rd ./ Newnan, GA 30263
770-254-7218
District Five 119 Hwy. 49 West/Milledgeville, GA 31061
912-445-5164
District Six 1465 Tignall Rd./Washington, GA 30673
706-678-2015
District Seven 243 U.S. Hwy. 19 N.f Americus, GA 31709
912-931 -2436
District Eight 2395 U.S . Hwy. 41 N./Tifton, GA 31794
912-386-3617

Dear Fellow Georgians: Georgia 's forest resource play a vital role in our daily lives providing u with a variety of
economical, environmenta l, and social benefits. As the new Director of the Georgia Fore try Commission, I look forward to working with you and serving you, along with all Commission employees, to su tain these benefit . We arc committed to providing you with quality service. Part of our service is to keep you informed of changes and opportunities in the forestry arena. One uch opportunity is the estab lishment of the Southern Annual Forest Inventory Sy tern .
Forest Inventory Analy is (F IA) surveys have been conducted in Georgia since 1936. The survey data, which measures changes and trends in standing timber re ource , i useful to forest industry, research, governmental agencies, and other in developing projections for future plans. Since the beginning of the Southeastern FIA surveys, cyclic time for completing a urvey was between 10 to 15 years. This time span, however, became increasingly difficult to work with in relation to the demand on the forest re ources brought about by c calating changes in population, demographics, and demand for forest product .
Forestry projections and decisions based on I0 to IS-year-old data were simply not adequate to meet requirement of a more rapidly changing society. It became obvious that fores t inventory data needed to be more current to make accurate projections for planning.
To accompl ish this objective, the Southern Annual Forest Inventory Sy tem (SAFIS) was established and cheduled to begin operation in April 199 . The new urvey ystem combine the expertise of the Georgia Forestry Commi sion and U. S. Forest Service in collecting and analyzi ng a forest inventory on an annual basis.
The basis of SAFIS is annual collection of a 20 percent sample of forest inventory plots statew ide. Georgia I0-year FIA inventory, completed in March 1998, provides a complete set of data for beginning SAFIS.
Without the support of the Governor, Georgia General Assembly, forest industry, and many others, SAF IS would not be in effect today. Their upport has placed Georgia in the forefront of forest inventory systems in the nation.
Our appreciation and thanks are extended to all who were involved in bringing thi program to fruition .
Sincerely,

District Nine

3561 Hwy. 112/Cam.illa, GA 3!730

9 12-336-5341

J. Frederick Allen

District Ten

Director

18899 U.S . Hwy. 301 N.fStatesboro, GA 30458

912-681 -0490

Jim L. Gillis. Jr.

C. M. Eunice. Jr.

J.G. Fcndig

Larry S. Walker

P. W. Bryan

District Eleven Route I, Box 67 /Helena, GA 31037

Chainnan, Soperton

Bl ac ks hear

Savannah

An Equal Opporlllnity Employer

Oglethorpe

Thomasville

912-868-5649

District Twelve 5003 Jacksonville Hwy.fWaycross, GA 31503
912-287-4915

ON THE COVER - This is an example of what can happen ifproper
procedures are not followed when burning debris. The 1988 Georgia Forest Fire Protection Act requires a permit for the burning of

Georgia Forestry is published quarterly by the Georgia Forestry Commission, 5645 Riggins Mill Road, Dry Branch, Georgia 31020-9699. Second Class Postage paid at Macon, GA . POSTMASTER :

woods, lands, marshes, or other flammable vegetation. This means that you must check your phone book and call your local Georgia Forestry Commission office to obtain a permit before you proceed with any outdoor burning. We can also give you "hands-on" assistance during your next burning. (Cover Photo by William Godfrey)

Send address change to Georgia Forestry

Commission, 5645 Riggins Mill Road, Dry Branch, Georgia 31020-9699.

Debris burning is the # 1 cause of forest fires in Georgia. Obtain a "Burning Permit"...IT'S A STATEWIDE GEORGIA LAW!

2I Georgia Forestry/WinterI Spring, 1998

Georgia
FORESTRY/Winter/ Spring, 1998

TABLE OF CONTENTS

4 Lignin Research May Be Vital to Future Forestry
6 Georgia Trail of Trees '98
7 Managing Forests for Profit
8 Jackson County FFA Places in Nationals

16 Benefits of a Timber Cruise 16 Jesup Mini-Park 17 Forest Inventory Analysis 17 SAFIS Foresters Begin Work 17 Shelton Donates Land to GFC

9 "Ranger Anderson Saved My Life" 18 Dean Emeritus Leon Hargreaves

Remembered By Forestry

10 Tree City USA '97

Community

10 Arbor Day Poster Contest Winners
10 Jesup School Makes History
11 GFC Helps with Landfill Fire

19 People in the News
20 Forest Stewardship
21 Fun Page - Did You Ever Stop to Think How Important Paper Is?

11 Flood of '98
12-1 3 Arbor Day '98
14 Georgia Tree Planting Highest in Eight Years
15 GFC Ceremony Plants Four-Billionth Seedling

22 Paper - Where Would We Be Without It?
23 The Book Corner
Back Tree I.D. Cover

Georgia Forestry/WinterI Spring, 1998I 3

LIGNIN RESEARCH MAY BE VITAL TO FUTURE FORESTRY
Specialized Trees for Specialized Needs

Research on lignin may hold vital keys to beneficial modifications of trees and other plants in the future. Simply defined, lignin is the glue that holds plant tissue together and gives trees structural support to reach towering heights.
Jeff Dean, assistant professor of forest biotechnology at the University of Georgia's Warnell School of Forest Resources, is currently conducting a research study on lignin that may eventually change forestry concepts by producing specialized trees; agriculture could also benefit from resulting plant modifications.
Basically, trees with reduced lignin would grow faster, while trees with increased lignin would be stronger. Considering variables, there could be numerous applications for such a perfected science. Dean gives an example that "trees with less lignin would break down more readily and require less time and energy to process at pulp and paper mills."
Dean's lignin research, funded through grants from the Department of Energy and the Georgia Consortium for Pulp and Paper, began about seven years ago when he joined Dr. Karl-Erik Eriksson's research group at UGA's Complex Carbohydrate Research Center. Research was focused on enzymes that spark lignification, the process of plants depositing woody lignin fibers in cell walls.

limited to trees, but occurs in a wide variety of plants, including herbaceous annual flowers such as zinnias, which he uses in the lab study of lignification. Use of such smaller plants, compatible to trees for research comparisons, eliminates many years that would be necessary to study trees through growing cycles .
By using such time-saving methods, certain conclusions have been reached. "By reducing the amount of laccase," Dean said, "we should, through genetic engineering, also be able to reduce the amount of lignin in plants."
The researchers have already had some success. Dean, Eriksson, and postdoctoral research associate Dr. Peter LaFayette were the first to isolate and clone a plant laccase

gene. Their work was first published in 1994 and 1995 in several major journals including Plant Physiology and The Plant Journal.
Merkle, with research technicians and graduate students, developed techniques for inserting foreign genes into such trees as yellow-poplar, sweetgum, and black locust. Merkle and Dean have worked together on numerous projects testing the usefulness of inserting foreign genes into trees.
Dean points out that Merkle's group makes this kind of research possible. "Without all the tools, we could only ask questions," Dean said. "We couldn't test our theories and move forward."
Less than ten years ago, researchers in several labs accomplished the first controlled introductions of

BREAKTHROUGH

While investigating some 40-yearold research literature, Dean found reference to an enzyme, laccase, which early scientists believed probably had something to do with lignin formation in trees. Dean, however, shows that laccase is not

Zinnias used in lignin research show result oflignin deficiency. Plant on left has normal lignin content. Deficient plant has collapsed due to lack of lignin. New research on this structural substance could revolutionize future forestry concepts.

4/ Georgia Forestry/Winter/ Spring, 1998

foreign genes into plants. Most plant transformation work has so far focused on agricultural crops. Now, however, Dean's research emphasizes increasing efforts to produce genetically engineered trees .
"BLAST AND PRAY"
Despite obvious progress in Dean's research, he is modest and conservative concerning evaluations. Due to the relative newness, he describes a lot of the work in this area as "blast and pray."
Dean says that, at this point, many speculations on results of altering lignin content in trees are primarily just guesses. "This is really still a basic science in determining factors that will later be evaluated as how to use best," he said. "Because we are affiliated with forestry and the production of trees, this tends to be a much more applied-science driven area of research. So I frequently talk about potentials to increase productivity and improve industry that is always out there on the horizon; but I am also very much aware of what I do and don't know." According to Dean's current observations, the lignin research has reached a sort of interface between biology and chemistry with "a long road" of basic information that needs to be accumulated before many factors can be determined with certainty.
POTENTIALS
There is little doubt that in the future there will be a need to grow trees faster and more efficiently. Based on environmental concerns, increasing population, and escalating demand for renewable-resource forestry products - the need could reach across the forestry spectrum from urban forestry to forest industry.
According to specified needs, trees of the future might be genetically engineered in various degrees of what might be labeled lignin-lite and lignin-heavy models. This

"We could get tough timber," Dean said, "but it might take 500 years to get it. So controlling the growth factor is another problem."
Then, of course, there 's always the concern such genetically-altered trees could spread foreign genes among populations of wild trees. Dean, however, said there's not much need for this worry, because these trees could not compete in the wild.

FUTURE SHOCK

In his research writ-

ings, Dean emphasizes

Dr. Jeff Dean, UGA associate professor of forestry, removes frozen material from cryo-preservation used for long-term storage of cell lines . Unit serves as cell repository in lignin research while wood is tested for various characteristics.

that forestry had never faced such challenges as it does now. Worldwide population growth creates increasing pressure to produce more fodder

and wood fuel, while

seems very appealing - tailor-made negative land use policies have re-

for individual needs. But there are sulted in extensive deforestation.

possible problems as well as In other areas, productivity has

benefits .

stagnated due to environmental

Current research indications are problems.

that the lignin-lite models would "In the past, answers to these com-

grow faster, but lack the strength plex issues usually centered on so-

of the originals; therefore, in vary- cial, political, or economic redress,

ing degrees, these trees might be and such is likely to remain the

more susceptible to wind damage, case for the near future ," Dean

ice damage, etc. Also, since lignin said, "however, plant biotechnology

establishes a barrier to boring in- has advanced to a point where we

sects and fungi, the threat of pest envisage biological solutions to

damage might be increased as well some of the more intractable for-

as further damage to the lignin by estry problems."

fungi. Degrees of these possible Dean pointed out that new prod-

negatives would vary with condi- ucts derived from wood also have

tions and further research means the potential for creating more de-

development to control them.

mands to increase forest productiv-

Similar research challenges exist ity. However, he believes the great-

in developing lignin-heavy trees , est pressure for increased tree pro-

which inspires the imagination ductivity will result from preserva-

with possibilities of super-trees pro- tion efforts to remove forests on

ducing incredibly hard timber. public lands from the role of

However, the main problem with harvestable inventory.

this sort of tree, under current con- "Regardless of corporate senti-

ditions, is that it grows very slowly. ment," Dean said, "current trends

The ultimate might also be highly in this area are unlikely to be

resistant to insects, disease, wind, reversed, and as a consequence,

and ice.

plantation forestry is likely to

Georgia Forestry/Winterj Spring, 1998j 5

become a major paradigm for the next century."
Considering such impending scenarios, the importance of Dean's research, and related investigations, becomes acute. Tree productivity will need to be increased significantly if projected demands are to be met; the situation is compounded by projections of diminished acreage allotted to production forestry.
Dean, who has a Ph.D. in biochemistry from Purdue University, has been with the UGA forestry school for seven years. For the first six years, he was an associate research scientist, which is a 100 percent research position. During the past year, he began teaching a graduate school course in research methods. This is his primary teaching responsibility, and through the questions raised by the course, he sees concerns about accelerated changes of the future. The world is changing, perspectives are changing, and forestry is no exception.
Although the science of genetic tree modification is in its infancy, it may hold vital keys to future environmental and economic needs even survival.
Dean likens the current genetic exploration to modern alchemy. As he puts it: "The forest products industry has traditionally viewed trees as merely a raw, and more or less an immutable natural resource. However, unlike such inanimate resources as metallic ores, trees have the potential to be modified genetically, essentially transmuting lead into gold.".

GEORGIA TRAIL OF TREES '98
Another Success
Tim Warnick, the spirited, running force behind the Trail of Trees program, visited schools and urban forestry leaders across Georgia in January. More than 2,000 students in Dalton, Cleveland, Gainesville, Dillard, Dublin, and Jesup were inspired by his infectious enthusiasm for trees.
He conduct~d Symposia, which entertained and educated middle and high school students on the importance of trees and forests to Georgia's environment and economy. Small "think tank" groups were selected to work with Tim on a challenge, opportunity, or program that students could take action on at their school or in their neighborhood. Arbor Day was a particular focus as the groups accompanied Tim to plant one of America's Famous and Historic Tree seedlings on their school grounds.
The Trail of Trees is an educational, environmental empowerment program which keeps Warnick running, biking, and tree planting across the country. In Tim's words, "Planting a tree is a life-affirming act, and I want to engage the minds and actions of American citizens and get them excited about their personal potential and trees!"
Sponsors and supporters of this year's program were the National Tree Trust, the Georgia Urban Forest Council and the Georgia Forestry Commission.

Tim Womick inspires students with one ofhis entertaining presentations during a recent visit to West Laurens High School in Dublin.
6/Georgia Forestry/Winter/ Spring, 1998

MANAGING FORESTS FOR PROFIT
Seminar Held in Response to Landowner Interest

Over 175 landowners attended the "Managing Forests for Profit" seminar held in January in Pearson, Georgia. Various speakers talked about how to increase pine growth through fertilization and weed control.
The meeting was held in response to great landowner interest in this subject over the past year, as noted by Atkinson County Chief Ranger Sammy Sweat of the Georgia Forestry Commission.
Featured speaker, Dr. Eric Jokela (Professor of Silviculture and Forest Nutrition at the University of Florida), spoke of "Fertilization in Southern Pines" . Landowners learned that many soils in the southern coastal plain are phosphorous deficient in regard to pine growth. Dr. Jokela stressed that soil and needle testing are needed to help determine proper fertilization prescriptions. Fertilization and weed control can double or triple fiber production which can result in shortening the required time to grow a crop of trees by 3-10 years, thus giving landowners a quicker return on their investment.
GFC Forester John Crain narrated a field trip to timberland sites where landowners saw first hand the dramatic growth of young pines under intensive management. Highlighting the tour was a three-year-old loblolly plantation on Union Camp land where trees were 20 feet in height and 3 .5 inches in diameter at breast height.
The seminar was organized by the Georgia Forestry Commission, the Atkinson County Young Farmers Association, and the Atkinson County Extension Service (UGA) .

Landowners visit a three-year-old longleaf pine site on a field trip during the seminar.
GFC Forester John Crain in three-year loblolly pine plantation on Union Camp land.

Georgia Forestry/Winter/Spring, 1998/7

JACKSON COUNTY FFA PLACES IN NATIONALS
Team Member Scores Highest in Nation

The Jackson County FFA Forestry Team excelled at national competition held in Kansas City, Missouri, to win a Gold Emblem/Second Place award - with team member Carol Spruill making the highest individual score in the nation.
Jimmy Mock, Jackson County advisor, said members of his winning team include Carol Spruill, Tracey Jones, Brandon Pittman, and Brian Wood. The Georgia team was edged out of first place by the Arkansas team, but Spruill took the top individual honor for Georgia with a score of 478 points.
The National FFA Forestry Career Development Event was held in conjunction with the 70th National FFA Convention. The Missouri meet tests forestry skills and knowledge of state-winning teams nationwide. Contest events include: a general forest knowledge exam, tree and equipment identification, a forest business problem, timber cruising skills, timber stand improvement, map interpretation, compass practicum, tree and forest disorders, and chainsaw troubleshooting.

a general knowledge test on forestry. Mock said the winning state team of 11 members was reduced to a team of four experts to comply with national requirements.
The prestige of winning a national forestry award in this event is reflected by the large FFA membership. The organization has 449,814 members preparing for leadership in science, business, forestry, and agricultural technology. FFA has 7,241 local chapters throughout the United States, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands.
FFA's stated mission is to establish a positive difference in students developing career potentials through agricultural education. Local, state, and national activities with award programs - are con-

ducted for students to make practical applications of classroom knowledge.
FFA SUPERSTAR
Although Jackson County High School's second place national win was impressive by any standards, it was team member Carol Spruill's highest individual score in the U. S. that enhanced the team's prestige even more.
A senior who has already been accepted at the University of Georgia, she plans to major in biological science, then attend law school with the objective of practicing agricultural law.
Spruill has been active in FFA since the 9 th grade. She has already

NATIONAL DIFFERENCE

The forestry segment is one of numerous activities of the national meet in which FFA members practice skills taught in classes. Jackson County Advisor Jimmy Mock said that the difficulty and range of competition intensifies when a state winner competes nationally. "In the state meets, team members only have to prepare for one out of ten events ," Mock said. "But at the national level, they have to prepare for thirteen different events - four of which are required."
The four required events are tree identification, forest issue interview, equipment identification, and

. NATIONAL FFA FORESTRY . CAREER DEVELOPMENT EVENT
CHAMPION INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION ..... ~Cii.RADE CUTLERY
Jackson County FFA Forestry team displays awards after winning 2nd Place in the National FFA Forestry Career Development Event. From left: Foster Dickard (stewardship forester/ Championship International Corporation}, Tracey Jones, Carol Spruill, Brandon Pittman, Brian Wood, and Jimmy Mock (team advisor).

8I Georgia Forestry/WinterI Spring, 1998

received several scholarships and more are expected; winning nationally with the highest individual score brought a $900 scholarship. She said the event for which she was most prepared in the national contest was tree identification. In addition to training with advisor Jimmy Mock for this event, she prepared for the nationals with Bill Lott, director of the State Arboretum near Braselton. Mock pointed out that Lott has assisted every Georgia team going into national competition since 1990. Lott has developed the State Arboretum to include virtually every tree on the state and national list.
Spruill's winning national score reflects the increasing number of female students going into forestry. Mock said the Jackson team consisted of two males and two females , the same as Arkansas' first place winning team. Spruill, however, was not the first Georgia female to score the nation's highest in the annual competition; she was the second . The first was Jimmy

Mock's daughter, Holly, who placed number one nationally in 1988.
Carol Spruill, Jackson County FFA Forestry Team member, totaled highest individual score in nation. Spruill's other numerous honors include being elected state president of FFA. Spruill is also the second female ever elected to that position in Georgia. The first was another Jackson County resident,

Priscilla Weldon. Among her duties as FFA president, Spruill will speak at banquets across the state and obtain extensive training during the summer. In January, she and other FFA officers toured Germany to study various agricultural and forestry situations.
Also, during state competition, Spruill was the first female ever named as winner of the State Star in Agribusiness, the highest award a student can receive in that area. She is also president of the Jackson 4-H chapter, vice president of the county FFA chapter, and a member of the Beta Club. Next year, Spruill and all her teammates will have moved on, and Mock will have to start all over. With FFA forestry competition becoming more demanding every year, it will be even more demanding to strive for a Jackson County team to compete nationally for the second consecutive year. Carol Spruill, however, has confidence. "With an advisor like Mr. Jimmy Mock," she said, "the team will get there. " '1'

"RANGER ANDERSON SAVED MY LIFE"

While traveling to Florida on a business trip, a man from New York suffered a diabetic seizure in Georgia. Staggering and incoherent from his medical state, Robert Alling stopped at a few places to seek help, but he was presumed drunk, and was tumed away.
Then he came upon the Chatham County Forestry Unit where Ranger Hunter C. Anderson summoned the police for help - but they had to leave for a call elsewhere. Anderson then provided Alling with orange juice and other foods to raise the sugar level in the man's system. Anderson also called the man's wife in Syracuse, New York to tell her about her husband's condition . As a nurse, she was able to provide the ranger with additional first aid information. She remarked later that Anderson did everything correctly.
In a letter he wrote to the GFC di-

rector, Robert Alling said, "I believe Ranger Anderson saved my life." Director Fred Allen remarked that "Hunter has exhibited not only a commitment to the organization (GFC), but a caring concem for his fellow man."
Hunter Anderson

Georgia Forestry/Winter/ Spring, 1998/9

TREE CITY USA '97
Program Has 80 Georgia Cities
There are 80 communities this year proudly flying their Tree City USA flag. The National Arbor Day Foundation has awarded the title of being a "Tree City" to these towns and cities for meeting all of the following four requirements:
Establish a tree board or department Have a community tree ordinance Implement a comprehensive community forestry program Hold an Arbor Day observance

Each city (ranging in population from 315 to 460,000) has demonstrated a belief and commitment to the importance of healthy trees in their communities. The Tree City program is gaining popularity across the country, and for a number of reasons, according to John Rosenow, Executive Director for NADF. "First of all, there is a growing appreciation of the importance of trees to the environmental quality and economic vitality of our cities; second, citizens and elected officials are realizing that a good tree care program is a wise investment in the future of their community; and finally, a town of any size can participate."
The following Georgia cities have received even higher honors (Tree City USA Growth Awards) from the National Arbor Day Foundation for pledging their efforts and funds to-

wards furthering their community forestry program: Covington, Gainesville, Macon, Metter, Moultrie, Robins Air Force Base, and Savannah. Although it is only required that communities be a Tree City for two previous years to be eligible for a Growth Award, these seven are exceptional in that each one has been in the program for at least six years , some as long as 13 years.
If you would like information on how to contribute to a better quality of life for all Georgians through the Tree City USA program, contact Debbie Sinex, Partnership Coordi-
"fl nator, at (404) 298-3935.
JESUP SCHOOL MAKES HISTORY

ARBOR DAY POSTER CONTEST WINNERS
Conner Wins State Title- Competes for National

Erin Conner, fifth-grader a t Northside Elementary in Newnan, Georgia, has won the first round of the 1998 Arbor Day National Poster Contest.
She received a $ 100 savings bond and a plaque for her poster depicting a park scene.
The theme of the contest is Trees are Terrific...in Cities and Towns! Her poster will go on to compete with other state winners for the national award.
Other winners included: Second Place -J. B. Tanner of Third Ward Elementary in Griffm, Georgia . Third place - Cherelle Andrews of Burghard Elementary in Macon, Georgia.
The 1998 Arbor Day National Poster Contest is sponsored by the Georgia Forestry Commission and

State winner Erin Conner gets help from Georgia Forestry Commission Chief Ranger Willie Boston (left) and GFC Forester Fuller Anderson (right) displaying her winner's plaque and certificates.
the National Arbor Day Foundation, a non-profit, membership organization dedicated to tree planting and environmental stewardship.

Martha Puckett Middle School made history on Arbor day by having the largest historic tree planting in the world .
Sixty-five Famous and Historic Trees were a dded to the five that were planted last year on campus.
The trees are associated with significant people or events in Am erican and world history. They were purchased from Famous & Historical Trees, a company in J acksonville, Florida.
Teachers, parents, garden clubs, civic organizations, and businesses were among those who purchased the trees. The idea was very popular as many had the trees planted in honor of or in memory of a loved one. Each homeroom class was assigned two trees to learn about before they performed the actual planting on Arbor Day. The Outdoor Classroom Project is a result of a Rural Development grant obtained in 1997 through the Georgia Forestry Commission along with the help of numerous businesses
"fl and community groups.

10/Georgia Forestry/Winter/ Spring, 1998

GFC HELPS WITH LANDFILL FIRE

....... to specially constructed nozzles which soaked the burning ru.bbage.

The Georgia Forestry Commission Tommy Hewell stated, "This was

was called in December 1, 1997 by a unique challenge for the Commis-

Oglethorpe County officials to help sion and I am proud to say that our

extinguish a fire at the county's forestry personnel rose to the occa-

construction and demolition land- sion and worked long hours under

fill located off U.S. Highway 78 be- extremely difficult conditions to ac-

'1' tween Crawford and Lexington , complish their objectives ."

Georgia.

r--------------------------------------------------------------

After efforts to cover the fire with

dirt failed , the Commission was

contacted because of its expertise

in using water from distant sources Georgia Forestry Commission Recovery efforts included use of fire

to extinguish fires .

rangers and foresters assisted local pumps to drain water-logged residen-

District Ranger Tommy Hewell, citizens during both response and tial areas, transportation of drink-

with the GFC 's Athens district, recovery in the flood of 1998. Re- ing water to areas with contami-

headed up the firefighting opera- sponse initiatives included trans- nated wells, emergency road re-

tion . Personnel from the Athens portation and placement of sand pairs, and transportation of hay for

District and members of the bags to protect residences, evacua- feeding misplaced livestock. All ef-

Commission 's Rural Fire Defense tion of residents , and operation of a forts were coordinated among many

Department used irrigation-type warehouse to store belongings of state and local agencies through a

pumps, nozzles, and hoses to pump those evacuated due to the rising request system operated by Georgia

thousands of gallons of water from flood waters.

Emergency Management Agency .. .

nearby ponds up to 1,000 feet away.

They mixed the water with Firetrol,

a biodegradable foam that helps

water seep into materials. Heavy

equipment from a private contrac-

tor was also used to dig down into

the smoldering debris to locate and

completely extinguish hot spots.

It took two weeks to completely ex-

tinguish the blaze. The smoldering

fire produced more smoke than

Forest rangers set up a

flames, which was a concern to

pump to drain flooding

highway traffic and a nearby high

waters away from a resi-

school. Although the source of the

dence .

fire was not known, visiting officials

from the state Environmental Pro-

tection Division monitored the site

regularly for potential dangers.

GFC workers prime the pump. Water was siphoned from this pond, mixed with Firetrol, and pumped through thousands offeet of hose............. ... .

Water must be pumped to a source of drainage as shown with District Forester Greg Findley inspecting output from the pump.
Georgia Forestry/Winter/Spring, 1998/11

I

ARBOR DAY '98

I

Tree planting ceremonies were held across the State of Georgia on February 20 in recognition of the vital benefits provided by
trees to the state's economy and environment.

"Other holidays repose on the past; Arbor Day proposes for the future."
--J. Sterling Morton, originator of the first official Arbor Day in 1872.

NEWNAN, GA City officials and GFC personnel plant a tree on Arbor Day to celebrate the recertification of Newnan as a Tree City.

ATLANTA, GA Smokey Bear joins kids in a ceremony held at Zoo Atlanta. Park Pride Atlanta, in cooperation with Arbor Day Partners, coordinated the event.

FARGO, GA Eric Harris and Caleb Singletary plant a longleaf pine during a Georgia Forestry Association (GFA) Arbor Day celebration in Southeast Georgia.

JESUP, GA Students from every homeroom class at Martha Puckett Elementary in Jesup planted Famous & Historic Trees making history as the largest historic tree planting in the world. (See story on page 10.)

12/Georgia Forestry/Winter/Spring, 1998

DECATUR, GA Agnes Scott College celebrates Arbor Day by planting a Nuttall oak on Decatur campus. Meg Nagel (right), a senior recipient of the student gardener award, is assisted with the planting by John and Virginia Claire Klettner, who made the award possible. Agnes Scott is well-known for its campus urban forest.
(Photo by Kathryn Kolb/ Agnes Scott College)

COVINGTON, GA GFC Newton/Rockdale Unit plants Japanese maple in memory of Bobby Crowe during annual Arbor Day ceremony. Bobby Crowe, a Ranger I with the unit, died on a firefighting call in 1995. He was scheduled for retirement that year with 34 years service. Left to right: Archie Ballard, Larry Mitchell, Susan Crowe Morgan (daughter), David Thompson, and Sylvia Crowe (wife).

Georgia Forestry/Winter/Spring, 1997-98/13

GEORGIA TREE PLANTING HIGHEST IN EIGHT YEARS

The Commission's Annual 19961997 Georgia Tree Planting Accomplishments Report determined more acres were planted during the last four-month planting season than in any year since 1989, according to Commission Director Fred Allen.
Allen cited the primary reason for the current eight-year high in statewide tree planting as "investment potential." He pointed out that cost-share programs, such as the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) were at an all-time low and had limited influence on increased planting that totaled 393,889 acres statewide.
"The increasing investment potential of planting trees is being recognized by more and more landowners," Allen said. "This potential is being emphasized every day by possible tree-planting sites being swallowed up by urban sprawl."
Allen, who served on a 1993 committee appointed by the Governor to study Georgia wood fiber supplies, also emphasized that sawtimber is the only agricultural commodity that has consistently outpaced inflation in relation to its increase in value.
"All factors considered, planting trees is an excellent long-term investment," Allen said. "Many landowners are planting trees for their children and grandchildren, as well as themselves."

The annual GFC tree planting report detailed the following totals for trees planted. Non-industrial private: consultants from industry - 2 ,864,000; industry- 8 ,173,225; private nurseries - 92 ,868,400; GFC seedlings- 39,923,660. Total - 143,829,285 trees for 221,276 acres.
Forest industry: company nurseries - 58,286,548; private and other nurseries- 42,801 ,300; GFC seedlings - 8,580,325. Total 109,668,173 trees for 168,720 acres.

Government: U. S. Forest Service (military bases, etc.) - 782 ,190; GFC seedlings - 1,748,000. Total-
1' 2,530 ,190 trees for 3,893 acres.
"All factors considered, planting trees is an excellent longterm investment."

Pine stands like this multiplied in Georgia as tree planting reached eightyear high for the state. Increasing investment potential for tree planting is a basic reason for the new record.

It's official, Georgia!
GUINNESS BOOK OF WORLD RECORDS

Event:

"The Most Trees Planted at a Single Time and Place"

D at e :

Arbor Day, Feb. 21,1997

Georgia's forest community planted 14,000 native pine seedlings in less than four hours. Georgia's record surpassed efforts made by New Zealand in 1996 with 5,500 trees.

14j Georgia Forestry/Winterj Spring, 1998

GFC CEREMONY PLANTS FOUR-BILLIONTH SEEDLING

More than 100 spectators from locations statewide attended the Georgia Forestry Commission's historic tree planting ceremony held recently at the GFC Flint River Nursery near Montezuma to commemorate the four-billionth seedling provided by the state for Georgia landowners.
Those attending with the general public included various dignitaries, representatives of state and federal agencies, and media personnel. Media included television, radio, newspaper, and magazine personnel whose combined efforts provided statewide coverage of the historic event.
Commission Director J. Fred Allen gave the invocation and welcomed the group. Bob Lazenby, Commission deputy director, spoke on the vital importance of forestry to Georgia, and introduced special guests.
Larry Walker, Commission board member, also addressed the group. Russ Pohl, the Commission's forest geneticist, provided an in-depth description of the nursery operation.
Johnny Branan, Commission chief of reforestation, said the Flint River Nursery was chosen for the commemorative planting site because Commission officials consider it to be "the best nursery in the Southeast - and possibly in the world." He said this opinion is shared by national and international experts who have visited the facility since it was established in 1987 and by Commission Board Chairman, Representative Jim L. Gillis, Jr.
Fred Moore of Vienna, a retired logger and landowner, planted the historic seedling. Moore was selected for the honor because of his vital assistance in acquiring the

highly desirable 832-acre nursery and seed orchard site. The nursery is now a vital component of forestry in Georgia. Forestry is Georgia's leading industry, impacting the state's economy at $19.5 billion annually.
The Commission grows approximately 20 percent of the seedlings planted in Georgia. The basic concept of the GFC nursery operation is to benefit Georgia's economy and

stimulate global competitiveness of Georgia's forest products.
The Flint River Nursery Seed Orchard includes 35 acres of coastal loblolly, 65 acres of improved slash, 35 acres of hardwood, and 25 acres of progeny tests. The Commission operates two nursery complexes and is part of a tradition of state nurseries that have produced seedlings for Georgia's landowners for more than 80 years.

Commemorative tree is planted at GFC's Flint River Nursery to celebrate the four-billionth seedling provided by the Commission for Georgia landowners. More than 100 spectators attended with statewide media to witness the historic event. From left: Miss Georgia Forestry, Deidre Hadden; Fred Moore of Vienna; Representative Jim L. Gillis, Jr., GFC Board Chairman; Amber Dawn Peavy, Miss Macon County; J. Fred Allen, GFC Director; and Bob Lazenby, GFC Deputy Director.

Georgia Forestry/Winter/ Spring, 1998/ 15

BENEFITS OF A TIMBER CRUISE

Landowners are often undecided on whether or not they need a timber cruise and uncertain about specific information provided by a cruise .
The fact is all timberland owners need and can benefit from a timber cruise - the sooner after acquired ownership the better, or even before ownership. A cruise serves as an ongoing management tool to determine forest improvements and value. Combined with a management plan, the cruise can identify non-productive areas , sensitive areas, and wildlife habitat improvement opportunities.
SPECIFICS
A timber cruise is an inventory to locate and determine the quantity of timber on a designated area in

relation to species, size, quality, value, and potential products. Rea-
sons for having a timber cruise in-
clude:
To determine value before a
timber sale.
To determine volumes and
values of timber stands within
a forest property.
To determine volume and value
changes over time.
To schedule timber harvests . To provide information to pro-
spective buyers.
To plan general forest manage-
ment.
To determine value before pur-
chase of timberland.
To establish timber basis at the
time of purchase.
To plan an estate .
To determine amount of casu-
alty loss in case of fire storms

or trespass.
To identify and anticipate in-
come tax implications prior to a timber sale. To update timber tax accounts (moving young growth accounts into merchantable accounts) . For wildlife habitat management. To increase knowledge and enjoyment of your forestland. Although the Commission does not cruise timber for landowners, the GFC maintains a list of private, registered consulting foresters in Georgia. Any landowner needing the service of a registered forester can contact the nearest Commission office or call1 -800-GA TREES .

JESUP MINI-PARK
An Example of What Community Unity Can Do

The Wayne County Unit of the

Georgia Forestry Commission orga-

nized an effort that created a place

for local residents to go for picnics, nature study, and quiet reflection.

A mini-park is now located beside

the forestry unit's current facilities

on land previously occupied by an old

forestry house. In 1994, the Commission donated the old building to the city of Jesup, which eventually

turned it over to the Substance

Abuse Club. Unit Chief Ranger

Brantley McManus decided the prop-

erty would make a nice county-city organizations, and individ-qals, the

park.

structure was purchased and con-

What happened next is what can structed by Commission employees

be accomplished when people, orga- from nearby counties. nizations, businesses and govern- Next, more than a dozen other or-

ments join together in a spirit of cooperation for a positive vision.
With the money raised from a BBQ chicken dinner, donations from city and county commissioners, civic

ganizations, individuals, and a host of businesses made contributions of materials, services, and money to help this mini-park become a reality.

16f Georgia Forestry/Winterf Spring, 1998

Special commendation goes to the six local GFC employees who labored long and hard on the project, and whose initials were incorporated into the name of the park. They are: Carroll Richardson , Aaron Westberry, Etwendel Fennel, David Williams, Jeff Fenn, and Brantley McManus .

FOREST INVENTORY
ANALYSIS
Completion of a regional two-year Fore st Inve ntory Analy s is (FIA) shows timberland in Southeast Georgia increased from 7.19 million to 7 .24 million acres since the previous survey of the 35-county area.
The FIA substantiated progress in forestry trends was emphasized in a special Commission-sponsored meeting titled Forestry Trends in Southeast Georgia/ Forest Inventory Analysis held in Baxley. Commission SAFIS (Southern Annual Forest Inventory System) Coordinator Larry Thompson said the meet focused on data collection statistics, analysis issues, and the future direction of FIA/SAFIS activities.
Commission Director Fred Allen pointed out that the FIA study of the South Georgia region, completed by the USDA Forest Service, is the seventh such survey conducted and the first since 1988. The current study shows 355,000 acres were added to Southeast Georgia timberland , while 305,000 acres were removed, for a net gain of 50,000 acres . Forestlands compose 72 percent of the region.
Non-industrial private forest (NIPF) regional ownership in 1996 increased by eight percent to 4.35 million acres from 4.05 million acres in 1988. Public ownership (local, state, and federal governments) increased by 13 percent to 432,378 acres. Regional industry-controlled timberland decreased by 12 percent to 2 ,485,647 acres.
Pine and oak-pine forest types occupy 4.72 million acres (65 percent) of the region's timberland, an increase of two percent from the 1988 survey. Hardwood forest types occupy 2.33 million acres (32 percent) of the timberland for an increase of four percent since 1988. Some 58 percent of harvests of all forest types occurred on NIPF lands, 40 percent on forest industry-owned or leased lands, and two percent on public lands.
A more complete and detailed report for Southeast Georgia is available through the Georgia Forestry Commission.

SAFIS FORESTERS BEGIN WORK
Georgia's Southern Annual Forest Inventory System (SAFIS) was initiated last fall, a state redirection program to replace the USFS 's 10-year cyclic forest inventory.
The SAFIS team, most of whom are new foresters . From left: Larry Thompson, State SAFIS Coordinator-Macon, Scott Thackston-Waycross, Babe McGowan-Albany, Keith Moss-Gainesville, Mark McClellan-Albany, Jeremy Banks-Dublin, Chad Sutton-Gainesville, Charles Bailey and David Dickinson-Carrollton, and Tim Smarr-Waycross.
SHELTON DONATES LAND TO GFC Educational Pro&rams Are Planned for Valdosta Site
As a way of saying thanks for years of cooperation, members of a family-owned business in Lowndes County donated 16 acres of land to the Georgia Forestry Commission (GFC).
Shelton Land Company's Chief Board Member Richard Shelton and Forester Claire (Shelton) Lee presented the deed to GFC Director Fred Allen during a ceremony in November. The area is composed of upland natural pine/oak and a cypress pond.
Allen says the gift will be used to help the GFC meet its mission of increasing the public's awareness of the importance of forestry in our daily lives and to the State of Georgia. A boardwalk and an outdoor classroom area teaching the benefits of growing, harvesting, and replanting of trees is scheduled for construction.
The land is located behind the GFC Lowndes County unit in Valdosta on US Highway 84. Former Chief Ranger David Westberry was originally approached about the offer and instrumental in bringing the project together.
The Shelton family has been a strong supporter of the local unit and its personnel since the birth of the agency. Two brothers, Tom Shelton (Richard's father) and George Shelton (Claire's father), started the Shelton Land Company, (which grows and manages pine sawtimber) early in the century.
Shelton praised the Commission for its services over the years saying, "For the money that the taxpayers put into the Georgia Forestry Commission, it's probably one of the most cost-effective departments in the State of Georgia".
Georgia Forestry/Winter/ Spring, 1998/ 17

DEAN EMERITUS LEON HARGREAVES REMEMBERED BY FORESTRY COMMUNITY

Dr. LeonA. (Buddy) Hargreaves Jr. , dean of University of Georgia School of Forest Resources for 11 years and a forestry educator for more than 40 years, died November 25 at the age of 76 in Athens.
Dr. Hargreaves, who served 35 years on the UGA forest resources school faculty, left the university in 1954 to serve as assistant director of the Georgia Forestry Commission. He retumed to the UGA faculty in 1962 and retired as dean in 1991 .
"Dean Hargreaves was a pioneer in the development of forestry in the State of Georgia, and led Georgia to become the most important forestry state in the nation," said Dr. Amett C. Mace , Jr., current dean of the UGA Warnell School of Forest Resources.
During Hargreaves' tenure as dean, the forestry school added a 42 ,000 square-foot , $7 million annex, while the school's budget increased by more than $4 million.
As a faculty member, Hargreaves was instrumental in starting the forest resource school's graduate program. He assisted in writing legislation that established the Georgia Forest Research Council and served as director of the organization. He also was a key influence in developing a relationship between the forest resources school and the U.S. Forest Service that led to establishment of the UGA Forest Sciences Laboratory, the first Forest Service facility of its kind at a state university.
A native of Pearson , Dr. Hargreaves earned a bachelor's degree in forestry and a master's in silviculture from UGA. He also received a master's degree in public administration and a doctorate in forest management from the University of Michigan.
Hargreaves was a forester with UGA's extension service from 1947

until joining the faculty in 1949. A A U.S. Army infantryman in World

member of the Georgia Foresters War II, Hargreaves was nearly killed

Hall of Fame, he was a past presi- when a grenade exploded in his fox-

dent of the Georgia Forestry Asso- hole during a battle in Italy. He was

ciation and received

entitled to battle med-

the group's Distin-

als, but following his

guished Service

discharge, the Army

Award and the Wise

lost the paperwork.

Owl Award. Har-

The mistake was

greaves was also

remedied in 1982 ,

past chairman of the

when a special cer-

Society of American

emony was held at

Foresters and recipi-

UGA and Hargreaves

ent of the group's

was presented the

Award of Excellence.

Bronze Star, Purple

He served on the

Heart, Presidential

State Board of Regis-

Unit Citation, and

tration for Foresters

several other medals.

and was a Fellow in

Survivors include a

the Society of Ameri-

son, Leon Hargreaves

can Foresters.

III of Athens; two

An authority on timberland valuation

Hargreaves

daughters, Dee Forester of Athens, and

and forest taxation,

Carol Ryan of Rancho

Hargreaves was a business consult- Palos Verdes , Califomia; and four

ant. He served on the Society of grandchildren.

American Foresters National Policy The family requested any memo-

Study Group on Taxation, and was rial contributions be made to the

chairman of the Georgia Forestry University of Georgia Foundation

Association's Tax Implementation. Forestry Fund for the Eugenia

He also served on the management Hargreaves Memorial Garden in

and administration-working group care of the UGA School of Forest

for the Society of American Forest- Resources.

ers.

I 785

18/Georgia Forestry/Winter/Spring, 1998

/PEOPLEI IN THE NEWS

NEW GFA DIRECTOR

Chris Bameycastle, executive director ofthe Georgia Forestry Association
Chris Barneycastle, a senior forester with the Commission from 1978 to 1984, has been named the new executive director of the Georgia Forestry Association.
Barneycastle has served as executive director of the Arkansas Forestry Association since 1990. From 1984 to 1990, he was director of Forest Resources and Membership Services for the Southeastern Lumber Manufacturer's Association.
A 1976 graduate of the University of Georgia's Warnell School of Forest Resources, Barneycastle was a member of Xi Sigma Pi Forestry Honor Fraternity while attending UGA.
Barneycastle is currently a member of the Society of American Foresters and served as chairman of Atlanta's Chattahoochee Chapter in 1986. He was also president of the Arkansas Society of Association Executives in 1995-96.

JOHN MIXON of Forsyth has been

elected to the Georgia Forester's

Hall of Fame.

Election to the

Hall is the high-

est honor that can

be bestowed by

the Georgia Divi-

sion of the Soci-

ety of American

Foresters . A

Mixon .

graduate from the L------....1

University of Georgia with a Bachelor of Science degree in the field of forestry, he was the director of the Georgia Forestry Commission from 1983 to 1995. Mixon's accomplishments include establishing one of the largest tree seedling nursery and seed orchard complexes in the world.

PETER RANALET with Interna-

tional Forest Company has been

promoted to sales manager. In his

new position,

Ranalet will be

in charge of

seedling sales

from

the

company's four

nurseries . In

1995, he was

promoted to

Ranalet

technical for-

ester for sales based in Macon,

Georgia, which continues to be his

base of operations. Prior to join-

ing the IFC in 1998, he spent a

decade in Virginia and Georgia

working as a forest supervisor for

Continental Forest Investments.

SHARON DOLLIVER has been pro-

moted from Associate Chief to Chief

ofthe Forest Information and Urban

& Community

Forestry Depart-

ment with the

Georgia Forestry

Commission.

She replaces

Bob Lazenby,

who was pro-

moted to deputy

director. She

Dolliver

has been with

the Commission for 18 years. Her

primary responsibilities with the

Commission have been to coordi-

nate the State's Urban and Commu-

nity Forestry Program, and the

Georgia Project Learning Tree Pro-

gram. Sharon is a registered for-

ester in Georgia, serves on the

State Board of Registration for For-

esters, and is a member of many

professional organizations. A na-

tive of Georgia, she is a graduate of

the University of Georgia with a

degree from the School of Forest

Resources. Sharon and her hus-

band Sam reside in Gordon, Geor-

gia.

-
GFC PERSONNEL ANNOUNCEMENTS

PROMOTIONS: Ken Hanson, Chief Ranger (Houston County) Mark Munns, Chief Ranger (Walker County) Rick Hood, Chief Ranger (Towns/Union Counties) Steve Miller, Chief Ranger (Crawford/ Peach Counties) Shane Hart, Chief Ranger (Washington County) Ellen Barbee , Procurement Officer (Administration-Macon Office) Lee Brown, Budget Officer (Accounting-Macon Office)
NEW HIRES: Emily Hamilton, Receptionist (Macon Office)
OBITUARY: David Westberry, Chief Ranger (Lowndes County)
RETIREES: Marvin W. Usry, 31 years of service Jeanette C. Moss, 28 years of service Ronald H. Goodlin, 23 years of service

Georgia Forestry/Winter/Spring, 1998/19

Forest Stewardship ... management plans for Georgia landowners
JJmber, W ifdhje, c'SoJf & W afer Conseru alion, :J?ecrealion, and :7/eslhelics
Georgia's Forest Stewardship Program began in 1990 as part of a larger national effort to better educate non-industrial private forest landowners in multiple use, or stewardship management of their land and resources . The program utilizes the unprecedented cooperation of resource professionals from both the public and private sector with backgrounds in forestry, wildlife biology, soil science, and recreation management. Working together, they produce detailed and comprehensive management plans, called Forest Stewardship Plans, for landowners enrolled in the program. Landowners with an interest in multiple use management begin by completing an official application, which details their interests and objectives. The resource professionals responsible for constru cting the plan then evaluate the property and develop a management program to help the landowner reach their objectives while improving the management of all resources. Once completed, all plans are subject to a review and signature process, which assures consistency and high standards throughout the program. The program also seeks to recognize those landowners who adopt their plans and do an outstanding job of managing their forest resources. A set of guidelines was developed against which the landowner's accomplishments are measured to d etermine which ones will be designated Outstanding Forest Stewards. These landowners are recognized locally for their accomplishments and given a property sign signifying their achievements. (For more information on the Forest Stewardship Program, see contact numbers below.). .

ENHANCING EARLY SEASON WILDLIFE OPENINGS
by Tim Wilson Forest Stewardship Biologist

With the hunting season over, now is the time to begin thinking about enhancing those wildlife openings for the upcoming year. Preparing now can extend the enjoyment of hunting and viewing wildlife past the typical fall and early winter period. Managing wildlife openings may be as simple as periodic mowing, disking, and prescribed burning or management may involve planting various wildlife foods. A combination of these techniques may also be implemented to improve habitat for wildlife. The key is to establish a diversity of vegetation types and food sources within the opening, creating what is known as "edge. " Edges are where two distinct habitat types meet (i.e., a forest next to a field) and typically contain food sources such as blackberry, honeysuckle, and grapes that are often unavailable in the interiors of forests or fields. Maximizing the amount of edge is important for species such as deer, turkey, quail, dove, rabbits, and songbirds.
Mowing is an excellent technique for setting vegetation back to an earlier successional state. If mowing is implemented, try to establish

a mowing rotation over a period of a (January - March) stimulates the

few years. In other words, mow growth of heavy-seeded grasses,

strips or portions of the opening, such as ragweed, partridge pea, and

then leave the remainder fallow. butterfly pea. These plants are uti-

Mow this fallow portion the follow- lized by quail as food sources as well

ing year. Mowing in this fashion as escape and nesting cover.

creates several different heights of Prescribed burning is an inexpen-

vegetation in close proximity to one sive and widely used technique in

another. This created edge will be wildlife habitat improvement.

utilized by quail, rabbit, turkey, Enhancing wildlife openings does

deer, and various songbirds. Ifpos- not have to be a highly scientific and

sible, avoid mowing during late technical effort. Ideally, try to maxi-

spring and early summer to reduce mize the amount of edge available

the possibility of disturbing ground and the diversity of foods available

nesting birds, such as turkey and to wildlife. Spending a few hours or

quail. If mowing must be done dur- days maintaining the openings in

ing this time, raise the mower ten the spring will pay off later in the

to twelve inches off the ground to fall."fl

reduce the potential of destroying

nests on the ground.

Disking can also be implemented

in a similar fashion to benefit wild-

life. Disk several strips, leave several strips fallow, and repeat this

District Stewanlabip I'O!Mten with the
GeoiJia 1'.-.t~yCmnmleefon

sequence over the width of the opening. Strip disking is a valuable habitat management technique in quail management. Strip disking provides quail with bare ground for easy maneuverability next to a fallow strip which acts as escape and/ or nesting cover. Disking during the late winter, early spring

I. Rome - GBJY McGinnis - (706) 295-6021 2. Gainesville - Scott Griffin - (770) 531-6043 3. Athens - Gregg Jameson - (706) 542-6880 4. Newnan- Lee Milby -(770) 412-4753 5. Milledgeville- Steve Chapman- (912) 445-5164 6. Washington - Mark Raines- (706) 554-2310 7. Americus- Mark McClure- (912) 931-2436 8. Tifton - Tony Page - (912) 386-3617 9. Camilla - Raymond C. Norvell- (912) 430-5123
ao. Statesboro - Dan GBJY- (912) 681-0490
I. McRae -Brian Snow- (912) 526-8680 2. Waycross- John Crain - (912) 287-4915

20I Georgia Forestry/WinterI Spring, 1998

!27@~~!~~~y~D~~~~~o~-~~D--;:

-rf!:.'l JUST TAKE A LOOK AROUND YOUR HOME AND CLASSROOM. 'JI HOW MANY THINGS CAN YOU FIND THAT ARE MADE OUT OF PAPER) -lf(j
)I' I~ CAN YOU FIND THESE OBJECTS HIDDEN IN THE FOREST PICTURE BELOW?

~ ~ >::

GUESS WHAT! THEY ARE ALL MADE OUT OF PAPER:

f ! ~~

KITE

PARTY FAVOR

POSTAGE STAMP BOOK

?. ~. -:; ~

PLAYING CARD

TEA BAG

GIFT BOW

_._\

1",.

PAPER TOWELS

MASKING TAPE

NEWSPAPER

LAMP SHADE

PAPER BAG

WORLD GLOBE

MILK CARTON

I
I~
1l:<t:1:)
I
I~
I <:I)
IE-=,

Copyright 1997, TAPPI, the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry. Reprinted by permission.

PAPER

Where would we be without it? Did you know that there are more than 12,000 products made from paper and papermaking by-products?

In the U.S., most paper is made from trees, and because wood is a renewable resource, which is wisely managed by U.S. timber companies, government agencies, and private landowners, we will always have plenty of trees -- and paper -- for future generations to enjoy.

Here are just a few of the many important products made from paper:

Schools and Offices bank checks banners books and book marks business cards calendars cash register receipts construction and tracing paper crayon wrappers election ballots envelopes index cards library cards mailing tubes maps and world globes pap1.er-mallche
masking tape menus notebooks and notebook paper paper bags paper money photocopy and computer paper postage stamps poster board report cards

shipping containers stationery tags and labels telephone directories
Health bandages Braille paper gauze medical charts prescription paper pollen and dust masks surgical gowns, masks, hats, and shoe covers
Household baking cups bibs cereal and other dried-food boxes coasters coffee filters coupons disposable diapers doilies drinking straws

.... .

"' ""'"\~ ...., ,

,,,.

~

~

22I Georgia Forestry/WinterI Spring, 1998

egg cartons facial and toilet tissue labels for canned goods lamp shades magazines, catalogs, and newspapers microwave-food containers milk and ice cream cartons napkins paper plates and cups paper towels pizza containers place mats popcorn bags ribbons sandpaper shoe boxes tablecloths tea bags vacuum cleaner bags wallpaper waxed paper window shades
Recreation and Miscellaneous accordions animal bedding board games bumper stickers CD inserts coloring books confetti doll houses greeting cards gum and candy wrappers jigsaw puzzles kites molded carry-out food trays paper airplanes paper dolls paper flowers party hats and favors photographs playing cards seedling planting pots stickers streamers tickets trading cards wrapping paper
TAPPI-Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry P. 0 . Box 105113 Atlanta, GA 30348-5113 1-800-291-3 145 Fax:770-446-6947
Paper. It's a Piece of Our Lives.
Copyright a TAPPI, 1997.

_... T .- _.....
Btt711t-...&,
cn.~ftfl..

TREES

A NATURAL HISTORY OF TREES OF EASTERN AND CENTRAL NORTH AMERICA by Donald Culross Peattie, 606 pages: illustrations and index. Houghton Miffiin Company. Paperback $19.95.

This book, which has a companion volume on Western trees, is good enough for several reviews from varied perspectives. There's something for everybody here - from arborist and forester to environmentalist and historian.
The volume covers all native trees of the region. Following a brief description of each species - including leaves, bark, flowers, fruit, and geographic range - the author concentrates, in an essay from one hundred to several thousand words, on the relation of tree species to people during American history. During these eloquent essays, it becomes clear why Peattie has been described as "perhaps the most widely read of all contemporary American nature writers."

It is in Peattie's rapport with and treatment of major tree species that his writing talent goes into high gear. The essays are an elegantly woven tapestry of folklore, history, ecology, humor, bizarre anecdotes, and some myth debunking thrown in for good measure. Some of his most striking essays are on the white pine, sugar maple, American beech, and black walnut.
As Peattie says in referring to the North American continent, "Nowhere else in the world...have trees so profoundly influenced the migrations, the destinies, and the lives of human beings." And probably nowhere else - outside the pages of this book - will there be found a more colorful or informative description of this situation.

The author's memorable descriptions of trees, however, do not sentimentalize the various species, but rather catalyze human responses to them that may have been dulled by a technical society.
The first copyright of this book is listed as 1948, so at an environmental distance of 40 years, Peattie could be criticized by certain environmentalists for his belief in American technology and the "greatest scientifically managed forests in the world." Now, however, all things considered, such management may be emerging as one of the most valuable of forestsaving concepts.

Georgia's Top Four Crops
60

50

40

30

20

10

0

Peanuts 15/o

Vegetables 12o/o

Cotton 21/o

Georgia Forestry/WinterI Spring, 1998I 23

NATIVE TREES 0 F GEORGIA
LIVE OAK (Quercus virginiana Mill.)
DESCRIPTION: Leaves evergreen (falling in the spring of their second season), two to five inches long, 1/2 to 2 1/2 inches wide, oblong and rounded; margins slightly rolled, occasionally toothed near the end; thick leathery, dark green, smooth and shiny on the upper surface, pale, and hairy below. Fruit an oblong acorn about 3/4 inch long, dark, blackish brown in the exposed part, pale yellowish in the cup; cup covering 1/3 to 1/2 the acorn; kernel not bitter. Bark dark brown tinged with red, slightly furrowed. A long lived tree 40 to 50 feet high with a trunk three to four feet in diameter above its swollen base, usually dividing a few feet from the ground into three to four horizontal wide spreading limbs, forming a low, dense, round-topped head.
KEY CHARACTERISTICS: Leaves evergreen, thick, leathery, and hairy below, margins slightly rolled; acorn enclosed in a cup for 1/3 to 1/2 its length. Tree has a distinct spreading appearance, although an upright form occurs in some areas.
WOOD: A red oak. Very heavy, hard, strong, tough, close-grained, light brown or yellow. Hardest and heaviest of Georgia's oaks.
USES: Ornamental shade tree; Georgia's official State Tree; formerly used in ship-building because of its large size and great strength.
DISTRIBUTION: Most abundant and reaches its best growth on rich hummocks, occurring near the coast and westward In the lower coastal plain.

GEORGIA

FORESTRY

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~

0

0

1?/WI S C!l'

J. Frederick Allen Director

Periodicals Postage Paid at Dry Branch, Georgia and additional mailing offices.
Approximate cost of press time and paper only. COST: $4240 qty: IO.Sm