Georgia forestry, Vol. 20, no. 1 (Mar. 1967)

Georgia ,
ORESTRV

Georgia FORESTRY
Mar., 1967 No. 1 Vol. 20
Published Quarterly by the GEORGIA FORESTRY COMMISSION
Box 1077 Macon, Georgia 31202
Georgia Forestry Mailing Address Route 1, Box 85
Dry Branch, Georgia 31020

OFFICIALS
A. Ray Shirley- Director James C. Turner, Jr. - Asst. Director

BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS

W. George Beasley, chairman
Andrew J. Aultman Hugh M. Dixon L. H. Morgan Alexander Sessoms

- Lavonia
-Sylvester -Vidalia - Eastman - Cogdell

STAFF
Frank E. Craven - Editor Thomas R. Fontaine, Jr. -Assoc. Ed. Thomas B. Hall - Artist

DISTRICT OFFICES GEORGIA FORESTRY COMMISSION
DISTRICT I - Route 2 Statesboro, 30458
DISTRICT II - P. 0. Box 26 Camilla, 31730
DISTRICT Ill- P. 0. Box 169 Americus, 31709
DISTRICT IV- P. 0. Box 333 Newnan, 30263
DISTRICT V- P. 0. Box 96 McRae, 31055
DISTRICT VI - P. 0. Box 881 Milledgeville, 31061
DISTRICT VII- P. 0. Box 2136 Rome, 30161
DISTRICT VIII- P. 0. Box 1160 Waycross, 31501
DISTRICT IX- P. 0. Box 416 Gainesville, 30501
DISTRICT X - Route 2 Washington, 30673
Member of the Georgia Press Association
Second class postage paid at Dry Branch, Georgia

CONTENTS

Forestry Generates Georgi a's Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Forest Economic Growth Cited For North Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Hardwood Improvement Project Undertaken. . . . . .

5

Promotion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5

Haralson Countians Face Grand Jury Action

6

Special Investigator Named . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6

Services' Publication Released. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Georgia Moves With Its Forests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Efficient And Economic Forest Management Through Prescribed Burning .. 8-9

Georgia Youths Win Forestry Honors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Where Is The Big Tree(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Ranger Of The Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Coweeta Lab Selected As Model

12

Commissioner Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Region Hardwood Group Formed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Logging The Foresters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Cruising the News

For ABetter Community, Try Beautification
There is widespread interest in community landscape projects and beautifica tion activities in Georgia. This is certainly true in Carrollton and Carroll County.
The increased interest, we believe, is due to the "Make Georgia Beautiful" program sponsored by the University of Georgia Cooperative Extension Service and The Georgia State Department of Industry and Trade.
The program began in 1965 with "Make Georgie Beautiful Week" and was expanded this year to "Make Georgia Beautiful Month." It will be continued in January, 1967, with another month-long observance,
A city or community must first recognize the need for improvements, then make necessary plans for development. Community action must be initiated for largescale projects; individual action is required for landscape improvements on private property. Any goals for the community should be well thought out to give maximum benefits to the greatest number of people,
The "Make Georgia Beautiful" program, with its emphasis on the organization of county beautification committees, provides the framework for getting this import ant job done.
No doubt about it, well-planned public grounds and individual home grounds can make o better community. A more attractive place in which to live and work increases our civic pride in our surroundings. In addition, beautification means better health and recreation, better tourist attractions, better business, and increased real estate values.
Carro/1 County Georg ian
Georgia Forestry Gains
Despite damaging woods fire, the Georgia forestry program has expanded this year -- and this is encouraging for a state that has an extensive pulp and paper industry.
The Georgi a Forestry Commission reported that the forest tree improvement pro gram was accelerated with 2,897,600 improved loblolly and slash pine seedlings grown this year. More than 4,400 Georgia landowners purchased 39,428,753 seedlings during the 1965-66 planting season. This is enough seedlings to establish 49,286 acres of new forests.
The number of woodland owners now getting forest management assistance is at an all-time high-- 13,930. This is a 29 percent increase over the previous year. The assistance includes timber stand improvement, development of management plans, and weed tree control.
In the field of fire prevention, gains were recorded, thanks to a sound information program and the invoking of the "no burn ban" during dry seasons.
During the 1965-66 year, 8,994 fires burned 58,863 acres of woodlands. This is one-fourth of one percent of the 23,871,100 forest acres under state protection.
The gains are encouraging and wi II have to be accelerated in the years ahead. The pulp and paper industry is entirely dependent an a steady and growing supply of trees. Fires, mismanagement, and cutbacks in production only serve to reduce our economy.
Savannah Evening Press

Forestry Generates Georgia's E~:onomv

This is a pamphlet recently released by Ray Shirley, director of the Georgia Forestry Commi ssion. It is pointed out in the eight page publication that no other single industry affects the lives of more Georgians than does the State's forest industries.
Statewide, during 1965, 65,984 employees earned $275,639)44. During this period, 9,285,000 cords of round pulpwood were consumed by more than 900 forest industries in Georgia. The value generated by timber processed in 1965 amounted to$L001,031,000.
The report shows that for every dollar Georgia's woodland owners received, for raw material grown and sold, it grew into $12.10. The value was increased through harvesting, transportation and manufacturing.
Shirley emphasizes that every Georgia county is inter-dependent upon one another. In nine counties, which are strongly oriented to forest industry, the harvested timber that is processed in a specific county varies from six percent in Chatham County to 70 percent in Wayne County. The average is 16 percent for the nine counties. Other counties in the report are Bibb, Camden, Early, Floyd, Glynn, Lowndes and Richmond.
Director Shirley states that 52 percent of the forest raw material used in the State was processed in these nine counties. They also accounted for more than 49 percent of the wage earnings. However, their combined forest acreage, 1,801,800 acres, is only seven percent of the State's 25J72,200 forest acres.
The forest products processed, number of employees and their earnings and timber values are based upon data from all wood-using industries. They include lumber, pulp and paper, naval stores, veneer, plywood, furniture and novelties. Wood consumption figures are treated on a round cord basis.
A 1965 breakdown by counties shows that only six percent of Chatham County's processed timber was produced by her. The volume of timber processed was 1A90,000 round cords. This provided work for 6,669 employees with a payroll amounting to $44,695,192. The value generated by timber processing was $160,920,000.
Bibb County produced only seven percent of the
timber used in its forest industries. A volume of
628,000 round cords were processed. Employment figures show that 3A04 employees earned $18,574A37. Timber processing was valued at $67,824,000.
In contrast with Bibb and Chatham Counties, Wayne County produced 70 percent of the timber utilized, There were 262,000 round cords processed.

Employment figures show earning of $10,061,604 for 2)12 employees in Wayne County. There were $28)96,000 generated by timber processing.
Camden County produced 42 percent of the timber used in its industries. The processed timber amounted to 377,000 round cords. Employment totaled 2,173 employees with earnings of $8,687J50. Timber processing generated $40J16,000.
Only ten percent of the timber produced in Early County was used in its forest industries. They processed 334,000 round cords. Employment figures show 643 employees earning $3,936,910. The value generated by timber processing was $36,072,000.
Floyd County also produced ten percent of the timber utilized. The timber volume used was 588,000 round cords. There were 1J57 earning $11J39,395. There were $63,504,000 generated by timber processing.
Glynn County harvested 24 percent of the timber its industries utilized. The volume of timber used amounted to 483,000 round cords. There were 2,399 employees earning $15,582,240. The total value generated by timber processing was $52,164,000.
Of the 467,000 round cords utilized in Lowndes County, some 14 percent was produced in the county. There were $10,200,246 earned by the 1J94 employees. The value generated by timber processing was $50,436,000.
Richmond County produced only nine percent of the 216,000 round cords utilized. The 2,054 employees realized an income of $11J26A42. There was $23,328,000 generated through timber processing.
The metropolitan com pi ex of Clayton, Cobb, DeKalb, Fulton and Gwinnett Counties greatly benefits from the timber industry. The forest industry related job opportunities in these counties are primarily in secondary forest product manufacturing. In the five county area, 10,265 employees earn $53,900,915 which represents 19 percent of the wages paid to the State's forestry industry workers.
The facts brought out in the study show that all areas of the State depend upon each other for raw material, jobs and income.
"Since Georgia's timberlands are capable of growing twice the present raw material it is producing, landowners must continually be encouraged to develop their timber resources through the proper use of reforestation, protection, management, uti Iization and marketing practices," Shirley said.
"This will allow Georgia's forest industry to not only maintain but to expand this vital phase of Georgia's economy/' Shirley concluded.
3

Forest Economic Growth

f i nger-jo i ntin.g process converts low-

Cited For North Georgia

grade, knotty lumber into clear mater i als that con be end and edge-

glued for use in furniture core stock,

A $19 million investment in Industry Outlook" report shows millwork, siding, molding and toys.

plants could raise forest product that sawm i lls and planing mills ore

No white pine wood flour is

values from the present $7 million

the principal forest product indus-

produced in the Southeast. Markets

to $33 mill i on a year. Jobs in forest tries in the six county area. A re- in the South ore I ight, but the Geor-

industry could double the present cent survey indi coted 68 of them gia Tech Eng ineering Experiment

600 employees. Payrolls could be operating in 1964, along with two Station est imates current use in the

increased from $2 million to $9 wood-preserving plants, two pallet Georg i a area at 7, 000 tons annually.

mi II ion annually.

plants, a flooring mill and a furni- Wood flour i s used i n plastics and

These find ings have been r-eleas- ture plant.

molded wood products.

ed jointly by the Georgia Forestry

The four most promising new

Excelsior cement board is used

Commission and the Tennessee industries selected from the report for roof decking on commerc i al and

Volley Authority in a report on the data included white pine cut stock, pub I ic bu i ldings where costs have

expansion and development of forest white pine wood flour, excelsior ce- been held to a minimum.

industries in a six county area in ment board and particle board.

The principal uses for particle

the Georgia Appalachia Program. The counties ore Cherokee, Dawson,

The best area opportunity appears to be finger-jointed white

board ore underloyment in houses and furniture core stock. Consumption

..

Fannin, Forsyth, Gilmer and Pickens. pine cut stock to be used in place was over 60 million square feet in

The "North Georg ia Forest of imported western pines. The Georgia, Alabama, Florida and

South Carol ina in 1965.

Other I i stings in the report that

show promiSing possibilities in

another ten years include irradiated 1

wood-plastic, prefabricated items

and bark-sawdust mulch. Irradiated

wood-plast i c may become on im-

portorit foetor in flooring, athletic

goods, furniture and other such

industries. Prefabricated wood items, such

as laminated beams and roof deck-

ing hove mode wood more competi-



tive with masonry and steel. Pre-

fabricated components ore being

.

shipped into Georgi a for the boom-

ing mobile home industry.

This low grade lumber was produced from timber that could supply the needs of a particle board industry in the six county survey area.

FOREST INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT GOA LS

Plant investment (million dollars) Product value (million dollars) Cost of wood purchased (million dollars) Employees
Timber manufacturing Timber harvesting Trades and services (induced) Salaries and wages (million dollars) Timber manufacturing Timber harvesting Trades and services

1964 1975
3.2 11 . 5 7.32 17. 2
4 . 0 5.6 1 '4 50 1 '9 40
600 850 51 0 440 340 650 3.6 8.0 1 . 9 4.5 0.9 1 . 6 0.8 1 . 9

2000
22 . 0 33.3
8.6 3,220 1 '24 0
370 1 '61 0
18.0 9.3 2. 2 6.5

Not e : T rade s and S e rv ices data fr om Bure a u of t he Ce n s us, U. S. De part me nt of Comme rce .

Bark and sawdust mulch, mode from West Coast species and fortified with chemical fertilizer, competes successfully with peat moss. If perfected for eastern species, a North Georgia plant would have access to substantial quantities of residue and Iorge markets in the Atlanta area.
Roy Shirley, director, Georgia Forestry Commission, said local leaders will be encouraged to use the report to promote industrial growth and obtain maximum benefits from their forest resources.
Copies of the report ore available from Shirley at Macon, Go. 31fci2, and Kenneth J. Seigworth , director, TVA Division of Forestry Development, Norris, Tenn. 37828.

4

Hardwood Improvement PROMOTION Project Undertaken

Th rough the Project, it i s hoped that use s and products w ill be developed from lo w grade t imber.

The Georgia Forestry Commission and the U. S. Forest Serv ice ha ve entered into a cooperative Hardwood Improvemen t Project, accord ing to Ray Shirley , Comm iss ion directo r.
Shirley said the program is d irected to inc reas ing the product ion of hardwood t imber and protecting and enhanc ing other woodland values. The process ing of the timber into saleable products is an essential element in establishing a market w ith a continu ing demand for qual ity
The development of uses fo r wood res idues is one of the Pro ject aims.

mat eria I, Sh irley e mphas iz ed. The program ob ject ive i s to develop these markets and products.
W. H. McComb , Comm is s ion Forest Managemen t ch ief, Macon , sa id the HIP Program w i ll affect a 21 county area in North Georg ia. The area is bounded on the south by Bartow, Cherokee, Dawson, Floyd , Habersham , Lumpk in, Stephens and Wh ite Count ies.
The Forestry Commission will prov ide log grading , saw ing for grade and marketing assistance. Input-output, economic, and time stud ies as well as cost/ return analys i s w ill be furn i shed by the Commiss ion. Data on product ion , value of products and estimat ing quality increases through improved practices w ill be furn i shed.
The U. S. Fo rest Servi ce w i ll prov ide f inancial aid , prov ide research informat ion and feed back production problems to the laboratory for investigat ion . They will hold hardwood management and ut iIization workshops to updat e publ ic and private foresters on the best methods and techn iques for g row ing increased h igh qual ity raw mater ial for industry.

Flo yd Hubbard
Floyd Hubbard , managemen t fo rester, Rome, has been promoted to Ut i l izat ion and Market ing Spec ial ist , announced Ray Shirley, director, Georg ia Forestry Comm iss ion.
Sh irley said Hubbard has been assigned to the Hardwood Improvement Pro ject in North Geo rg ia. Hubbard , who wi ll be work ing in all phases of the project, recently attended a four-week Sawmill Spec ialist Workshop a t Poplar Bluff, Mo. to famil ia n ze himsel f w ith the methods , techniques and Ia test research findings for processing hardwood sawlogs.
Hubba rd came w ith the Comm i ss ion as a farm forester at Rome in 1953. In 1965 he was promot ed to conduct a survey dete rmin ing expanding and developing forest industr ies in the Georg ia Appalach ia Program .
Hubbard d id preparatory work at Utah State lead ing to h is BS Degree in Forestry at Michigan State Uni versity in 1950. Since then, Hubbard has taken graduate work at the Un ive r s ity of Georg ia , Athens, and
North Carol ina State , Ra le igh , N. C.
5

Haralson Countians Face Grand Jury Action

Special Investigator Named

Three Horol son Coun ty men hove been bound over to the Carroll County Grand Ju ry on a cha rge of wi lfully , mal ic iously or w ithout cause, setting fire on the lands of another.
Everett Burgess, Malcolm Burgess and Roger Reeves, all of Tal lapoosa, rece ived a prelim inary hear ing in Carroll County City Court in December before Judge R. J . Brown. Judge Brown set their bond at $2,500 each with the stipulat ion that no res ident of Haralson County could sign the bond . The men were released on bond w ith the presentation scheduled for the Apr il session of the Carroll County Grand Jury.
The three Haralson Coun ti ons were arrested by the Georg ia State Patrol in Tallapoosa. The Stat e Patrol officers were instrumental in locating the suspects and serving the warrants. The warrants for their arrest were mode by Georg ia Forestry Comm iss ion Investigator Fred Boker, Rome. Boker pointed
Services'
Publication
Released
A publication , Tree Planting Services for Georgia , is available to Georg ia landowners , announces Roy Sh irley , d irector , Georg ia Forestry Comm ission .
Sh irley pointed out that the t ree planter service gu ide provides landowners with a listing of tree planting contractors by county.
6

out that other suspects , involv ing suspected woods' orson in Horol son County, ore under investigation. Ass ist ing Boker ore Comm i ssion investigators W. E. Lee, New11on, and Milton Rose, Macon.
The men ore be ing accused of sett ing a series of forest fires Wednesday afternoon , Nov. 30, in the northwest section of Carroll County about six miles south of Tallapoosa.
In addit ion to the Forestry Commission and State Patrol , ossi stance in the apprehens ion of the suspects was prov ided by the Bowdon and Tallapoosa Police Departments, Carroll and Haralson County Sheriff's Departments , GBI agents and the State F ire Marshal's Office.
Carroll County Forest Ranger Loyd Mann states that from Jan . Nov., 1966, there were 214 wildfires , of which 92 were of incendiary origin, in Carroll and Douglas Counties.
Thei r addresses, radius of operat ion and fees ore listed.
Shirley emphas ized that the listing is not on endorsement of the work of any company or individual by the Georgia Forestry Commi ss ion. It is merely on aid for those wishing to employ a custom tree planter.
Sanford Darby , Commiss ion Reforestation ch ief, said that a mop , showing what spec ies to plant by area, is another feature of the pub1icotion. Darby emphosi zed that planting species out of the ir locale con result in poor survival and growth.
The publ icat ion i s available through your local county forestry un it and the Georgia Forestry Commission headquarters near Macon. For ossi stance in determining your planting needs, contact your local county forest ranger.

Milton Rose

Milton M. Rose, a native of
Plymouth, N. C. , has jo ined the

staff of the Georgia Forestry Com-

mission as spec ial investigator and

safety officer.

"

Roy Sh irl ey , Comm iss ion d irector ,

sa id that Rose wi II head the Com-
miss ion's Forest F ire Investigat ion

Program and all invest igat ion of a

spec ial natu re. He wi ll work pri-
marily in the Commission's Sixth

District with his headquarters at

Macon. His duties w ill also include

the adm inistration of the Commis-

s ion's Safety Program, Shirley added.

Prior to com ing w ith the Com-

mission, Rose served as a patrolman

for fi ve years with the Macon Po-

lice Deportment. He was with the

A & P Teo Co. fo r s ix years , the

lost two as on assistant manager.

A resident of Macon for the post

20 years, Rose is a graduate of the

Northwestern Traffic Institute,

Evanston , Ill. He is a member of

the Georg ia Peace Officers Assoc i-

ation and the Fraternal Order of

Police, Sparky O'Coin Lodge num-

ber three.

Rose is the committee chairman

for Cub Scout Pock 24. He is as-

s i sting in the organization of a Boy

. Scout Troop in West Macon. Rose
also holds membership in the Macon

Moose Club and the Middle Georgia

Coin Club.

Rose and his wife, Judy, a native

of Wrightsv ille, hove three children.

They ore Rick, 11 ; Dione, 10; and

Amy, seven. The family is a member

of the Log Cobin Bopti st Church.

Georgia Moves With Its Forests

Increased management assistance, tree improvement program accelerated and invoking the 'No Burn Ban ' were highlights of the Georgia Forestry Commission 1966 Annual Report.
The report shows that Georgia exper ienced one of the worst statewide forest fire weather periods in the Spring of 1966. Extremely low hum id ity and high, sustained winds resulted in blowup fire conditions which made fires d ifficult to ext inguish.
The excellent cooperation rece ived from all Georgia landowners in observing the statewide 'No Burn Ban' enabled Comm iss ion personnel to successfully carry out suppresSIOn activities , Commission Director Ray Shirley said. He added that 8,994 wildfires burned 58,863 forest acres dur ing the 1965-66 fi seal year. This is one-fourth of one percent of the 23,871 , 100 forest acres under State protection. Forest industry, organizations, other agencies of State and federal government and all news media were cited

There were 73,930 woodland owners provided management services by the Georgia Forestry Commission dur ing the 7965-66 fiscal year.

for their assistance. Forest management assistance
is cited for the largest number of woodland owners ever serviced, 13,930. This is a 29 percent increase over the previous fiscal year. The assistance included timber stand improvement, development of management plans, weed tree control and others.
The forest tree improvement program was accelerated with 2,897,600 improved loblolly and slash pine seedlings grown in 1966. More than 4,400 Georgia landowners purchased 39A28)53 seedlings during the 1965-66 planting season. This is enough seedlings to establish 49,286 acres of new forests.
Commission expenditures were $5,525,078.65 for the 1965-66 fiscal

year. Shirley emphasized that the Commission's funds included State, 57 percent; County, 21 percent; and Federal Cooperative, 15 percent. Seven percent was derived from the sale of tree seedlings, forest products from the Waycross State Forest, plowing firebreaks, weed tree control and timber marking.
The annual report points to the Forestry Commission's program as a cooperative endeavor involving County, State and Federal governments as well as the State's citizens and forest industries. This cooperation is essential in the continued development of Georgia's 23,942,300 privately-owned commercial forest acres, the largest in the United States. There are 25)72,200 forest acres in Georgia.

County unit personnel suppr.essed 8, 994 wildfires during the fiscal year. The fires burned some 58,863 forest acres.

Today's seed ore tomorrow's trees. There were2,897,600 improved loblolly and slash pine seedlings grown in 7966.
7

EFFICIENT AND ECONOMIC FOREST MANAGEMENT THROUGH PRESCRIBED BURNING

When the early settlers landed in America they found a wi Idernes s confronting them. Th is consisted of forests and game.
The forests that were present did not just happen. It was theresult of thousands of years of change. The most im portant factor, in the development of the major forest types, was fire.
In Georgia , the settlers found hardwood and scattered pine in the mountains. In the piedmont, hardwood and scattered loblolly and shortleaf p ine were dominant. Pure stands of pine occurred only on old burns or fields abandoned by the Indians. In the coastal plain area , longleaf pine on the sandy soils and slash and loblolly pine in the lowlying areas, around the streams and swamps, were in abundance.
The primary reason for the existence of these forests , and the condition in which they were found, was the direct result of repeated fires.
A firebreak is constructed around the area to be prescribed burned.
8

AI Jacobs, /eft, assistant Fifth District Management forester, Dublin, explains to landowner W. H. McCranie, Eastman, second from right, that rough reduction will help eliminate his fire hazard. Others, 1-r, ore Jerry Howard, assistant ranger, Pulaski County and J. D. Beauchamp , ranger, Dodge County.

At first, the forests were of little economic value. Land and timber were plentiful. In fact the trees were actually in the way. Fields had to be cleared. Logs, that today would be very valuable, were cut and burned. As the agriculture land increased, the timberland decreased, and people began to real ize that the forests were exhaustible.
Around the turn of the century, the conservation movement began. Conservation became very popular. Practically anything could be justified in the name of conservation.
Woods burning, or what amounted to wi Idfi res, were common, and then as now, everyone knows that wildfires destroy our timber. With this misuse, the use of fire as a management tool was forgotten.
Fire exclusion became the byword of the day.
Now, the Georgia Forestry Commission is trying to bring fire back into the woods as a tool. Fire can

be used effectively as a tool in pine forest management. But, like planting, spraying and cutting, it must be utilized properly.
Like any si !vi cultural treatment, once started, the program must be continued to realize the maximum benefit. At least a three year cycle is recommended to keep the woods in good condition.
How can we make the most of fire?
First, we must remember that prescribed burning is a prescription for the planned objectives that we are trying to accomplish. We must know what to burn ... when to burn... and, how to burn.
Second, correlate your burning 'f techniques. That is, set your objective, wait for the right time of year and proper weather conditions, then conduct your prescribed burn.
Third, use your best conditions for your most exacting prescriptions. There are very few perfect days, so

make the most of them. Fourth, it is important to know
the capab ili t i es of your fire and 1t s side effects. For example, don't sacr ifice a good stand of young p i ne 1n order to k il l a few weed trees.
Fifth, set up a burn ing program for all your holdings, us i ng the expert adv ice of a forester. Let him help you make a decis i on on where f ire con be used effectively as a tool.
Throughout Georgia, there ore p ine timber stands and potent i al pine producing areas that ore in need of prescri bed f ire t reatment for
proper wood Iand management, accord-
ing to W. H. McComb, Commission Management chief.
McComb outlines three bas ic objectives of prescribed burn ing.
They ore ( l) the reduct i on of heavy
rough for wildfire control and woods' work , (2) seedbed prep arot ion which
w i II allow for regeneration and (3)
the control of undesirable species and disease.
The rough reduction caused by the fire is checked, below. Surveying the management work ore, 1-r, Beauchamp, McCranie, Howard and Jacobs. McCranie plans to prescribed burn some 225-ocres of pine plantation. This site is located on U. S. 341 at the DodgePulaski County line.

The slow burn, upper, along with a steady slight wind, causes very little scorching, below. In upper photo the fire is constantly watched in case the fire should iump the firebreaks. The amount of scorching is studied by, 1-r, McCranie, Beauchamp, Howard and Jacobs.
He pointed out that the best results, from prescribed burning, ore obtained from December through February. The burn should be conducted in the early morning or late
afternoon with a constant 8-10
mile per hour wind and the temperature below 60 degrees. There should hove been a rain, one to three days, before the burn. General weather conditions need to be favorable at least one day following the burn. The prescribed burning program is increasingly being used throughout Georgi a under the expert odv ice of Forestry Commission foresters, McComb added. Everyone concerned with growing timber is talking about more efficient and economical means to manage their forests. Prescribed burning is one method that con and is being used.
9

Georgia Youths Win Forestry Honors

PRESCRIBED BURN POLICY OUTLINED

Two South Georg ia youths hove received fo restry honors. Arthur Chance, Swainsboro, and James Gr iner , Nash vi lle , ha v e been recogn i zed on t he Regiona l and State level , respect ively .
A Block Turpent ine Beetle Control Pro ject brought Southeastern Sect ion honors to Chance , a 17-yeorold 4-H Club member. He was selected fo r th is honor at the Not ional 4-H Congress held in Ch icago, Ill.
Chance's demonstrat ion dealt wi th beetle c ontrol through the use of BHC. Pract ical exper ience had been deri ved from controll ing isolated beetle outbreaks on h is family's and other t imberland owners' forms in Emanuel County. Related work included the spray ing of four acres to prevent the insect' s spread.
Earl Varner, Emanuel County agent , provided the guiding hand in steering Chance to the Southeastern Award. Leon Ray, Emanuel County forest ranger, provided valued advise in Chance ' s project.
Chance plans to enter ABAC at Tifton this Fall where he will major in Forestry. He plans to take Journalism in conjunction with Forestry. Chance is the son of Mr. and Mrs. A. W. Chance, Jr.
An 18-yeor-ol d F FA youth,
Arthur Chance 10

James Gr iner. Photo -B errie " Co. Pres
Gr iner took the adv ice of h i s Ag teacher, Melvin Johnson, and Conservation Forester Bob T ift , Un ion Camp Corp. The result was first place in a forestry awards program sponsored jo intly by Rayon ier , Inc. and the Seaboard Airl ine Railroad 1n cooperation with the Georgia Associat ion , FFA.
Rayon ier awarded Gr iner a $500 scholarship to a college of his choice. Seaboard provided $275 to the National FFA Convention at Kansas City , Ken .
Project accomplishments, leading to Griner's select ion , included planting 14,000 slosh pine seedlings, weed tree control on 36 acres, thinning 12 acres and clear cutting 24 acres. The harvest yielded 72 cords of pulpwood and 400 fence posts. In addition, he prescribed burned 26 acres and constructed one and one-half miles of firebreaks.
All technical work, such as marking and selection of prescribed burn areas, were under the supervision of Tift. Berrien County Forest Ranger Billy Rowe ass isted with the prescribed burning.
Griner is a student at ABAC, and is planning to pursue a career in Ag Educat ion. He i s the son of Mr . and Mrs . Olin T. Gr iner.

Two P rescr ibed Burn ing Sc hoo l s were recently held for Forest Management and Protect ion foresters and dist rict ranger personnel of the Georg ia Fores try Comm i ss ion . The two-day schools were held at the Ful t on County Forest ry Un it , near Un ion Po int, a nd the E igh t h Di stri ct Off ic e , at Braganza .
W. H. McComb , ch ie f, Forest Management, Macon , sa id the school had a two-fold purpose. One was to equ ip pe rsonnel w ith techn ical informat ion in t he use of fire as a management tool. Second was to emphasize the advantages and limita ti ons of presc ri bed burning.
Ray Sh irley , Commiss ion d ir ector , Macon , outl ined an eight-point policy program as regards Comm ission personnel part ic i pat ion in prescribed burn ing . They ore ( 1) execute agreement and Ian downers provide crews , (2 ) write prescription for burning , (3) prov ide superv1 s1on and (4 ) plow inter ior and boundary breaks. Others ore (5 ) landowners pay for plow ing , (6 ) do not set or string fire , (7 ) loan hand tools , and (8 ) prov ide weather informat ion .
Fire can be fr iend or foe in the forest, McComb pointed out. Used in the right way, at the right time, in the right place, prescribed burning can be a valuable management tool. McComb added that if we ore to realize the potential benef its of th i s force , we must learn how and when to use it, what its effects and limitat ions might be and how it can be coordinated w ith a particula r scheme of forest management.
Instructors for the two-day school were McComb, James C. Turner, Jr. , chief, Forest Protection , Turner Barber, Curt is Barnes and Lester Lundy , reg ional foresters ; John Hammond and T. B. Hankinson , Management foreste r s , all from Macon; and Zock Seymour, superv i sor, Waycross State Fo rest, Braganza .

Where Is
The
Big Tree(s)
Georgia, with its millions of forest acres, is missing from the Soc ial Reg ister of Big Trees. The Reg ister is publ ished by the American Forestry Association, Washington, D. C.
Ray Shirley, d irector, Georg ia Forestry Comm issi on, urges anyone knowing of an unusually large tree or trees to notify the local county forestry un it. A forester will be

sent to e xam ine and measure the tree.
Kenneth B. Pomeroy , ch ief forester, AFA, sa id the data des ired on each tree submitted incl udes (1) correct species o r variety name 1n accordance with the "Check L ist of Native and Naturalized Trees of the United States" , (2) circumference 1n feet and inc hes at four and one-half feet above the ground , (3) total vert ical he ight to nearest foo t and (4 ) average d iameter spread of crown to nearest foot.
Others are (5) data measured and by whom, if other than nominator , (6 ) exact location, (7 ) name and address of owner, (8 ) photo and date taken, (9 ) description of phys ical condition and state of preserv ation, and ( 10) name and mailing address of the nominator.
Sh irl ey added that a pos1t1 ve effort wi II be made to have trees of outstanding size subm itted for entry in the Social Register for B ig Trees .

RANGER OF THE QUARTER

A selling job is being done in Crisp and Dooly Count ies. The commodity is forestry. The selling is being done by the Cri sp-Dooly County Forestry Unit, of the Georgia Forestry Commission, headed by Forest Ranger Lawrence Tondee.
Tondee greets his morning Iisteners Monday-Friday at 8:05 a.m. with a forestry oriented program. It may be a plea to use caution in outdoor burning, an urge to plant those idle acres or citing the need for using proper management practices.
Ton dee has been conducting the daily programs for some five years. Through these broadcasts and per iodic newspaper articles and civic cooperation there has been an over 50 percent reducti on in average acreage loss since 1961. In 1961, the combined counties were losing 475 forest acres annually to wildfires. There are 176,300 forest acres in Crisp and Dooly Counties.
With the addition of Ben Brandon, assistant Third District Management forester, requests for management assistance have intensified. Other

Lawrence Tondee
than advice cases, he has prepared
12 detailed management plans, which
involves a written prescription for the area, and three marking cases since September. Plans ore being made to establish a two acre weed tree control plot. The demonstration plot wi II show controls by spraying, girdling and pellets. Brandon works Crisp, Dooly, Macon and Peach Counties.

Tondee also promotes the Com-

miss ion's forestry programs through

an annual county Miss Georgia

Forestry contest, present ing for-

estry programs throughout the school

year in the high schools, assisting

with School Forest activities and

speaking before civ ic groups. He

uti Iizes Arbor Day to promote forest

conservation and assists 1n local

beautification schools.

programs at the

Tondee came with the Commission 1n 1951 as a towerman 1n

Schley County . He was promoted to ranger in 1953. In his f irst year

as ranger, the Unit won the Keep

Georgia Green award in Fire Pro-

tection presented by the Georgia

Forestry Association. The Unit

placed second, fourth and third in

succeeding years. Tondee was trans-

ferred to the Crisp-Dooly Un it in 1961.

Other Unit personnel are Patrol-

men Robert Moore, Cec il Sanders and

Henry Smith , Crisp Towerwoman

Miss Sue McDaniel and Dooly Tower-

woman Mrs. Linda Thomas.

11

The Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, near Dillard, is one of five experimental watersheds in the United States serving as models and providing data for the "Internat ional Hydrologic Decade". The lab was named at the 1966 International meeting in Paris, France.
The long history of streamflow investigations and the current watershed management research program makes Coweeta a valuable part of the Representati ve and Experimental Watershed Program of the International Hydrolog ic Decade. James E. Douglass, project leader, states that Coweeta will furnish data on ( 1)

evaporation from land, {2) monthly and yearly streamflow and extreme flows, {3) rainfall and (4 ) amount of water in the so i I above the water table.
The 5,600-acre Iaboratory, a research unit of the Southeastern Forest Experiment Stat ion, Forest Serv ic e , USDA, was established in 1934 to investigate streamflow relations of steep Appalachian watersheds. Research involve s studying the mechanics of water behav ior in soil, plants , atmosphere and streams in order to develop sound principles and prediction methods for effective management of water-

sheds for improved water yield and other purposes.
Douglass points out that Coweeta's experiments have become world famous over the past 30 years. Records, from 30 watersheds, constitute the longest, most accurate data on rainfall and streamflow from small forested watersheds 1n existence. These records are from watersheds that range from four to 1,800 acres.
Watershed treatments have included demonstrations of harmful effects of prevailing land management pract ices such as mountain farming , unrestricted logging and woodland grazing, of various types of forest cutting on water yield and on streamflow of converting hardwood forests to pine or grass. Douglass emphasized that approximately half of the world's published informati on , on how cutting forest vegetation affects streamflow, was obtained from experiments conducted in the Coweeta basin.
Under the United Nations Education , Scientific and Cultural Organ ization, some 100 nations plan meetin gs to be held on specialized branches of hydrology in Japan, V ienna, Israel, Leningrad, Colorado , and Switzerland during the International Hydrologic Decade.

The rate of flow off a section of the Coweeta Bas in is taken from recorded measurements by James E. Douglass , Lab pro ject leader.
12

Commissioner Profile

This is the second in a five part ser ies on the Board of Comm issioners o f the Georgia Forestry Commission. Th is quarter Alexander Sessoms of Cogdell is featured. Other board members are W. George Beasley, chairman,
Lavonia; Andrew J. Aultman, Sylvester, Hugh M. Dixon, Vidalia; and L. H.
Morgan, Eastman.

Alexander Sessoms was appo inted to the Board in April, 1959. Through 0 forestry oriented background he has been an invaluable member.
Sessoms has followed in the footsteps of his late father, Alex K.
Sessoms. The elder Sessoms was a close associate of the late Dr. Charles Herty. He supplied Herty with a number of carloads of pulpwood that were used by the Forest Products Laboratory, Modi son, Wise. in proving experiments on production basis. Other shipments of row material were sent to Savannah and Madison for Herty experiments.
Sessoms manages his family holdings and is president of the Union Timber Corp. and the Sessoms Co. The family's forestry influence is felt throughout Clinch County. Their interest in fire protection led to the establishment of the first Timber Protection Organization 1n the State in 1926. The T.P .O. covered some 400,000 acres in Atkinson , Clinch, Echo Is and Ware Counties. The late Alex Sessoms, at that

time, a member of the State Forestry Board, was appointed SecretaryManager. With this movement, the first fire tower was erected on the old home place site at Cogdell , and forest protection became an important factor in timber management.
Sessoms is managing some 52,000 forest acres. He says that he has gone from natural stand to plantat ion management over the past 11 years. Prior to 1956, all production came from natural stands and the ir reproduction came from natu ral stands and their reproduction. These stands are in their final harvest phase. The rotation has consisted of noncommercial thinn ing, pulpwood, naval stores and sawtimber production.
In 1956 Sessoms planted his first seedlings. This was on severely burned sites and areas where there was poor reproduction. He emphasizes that the economics of forest management requires evenaged stands on a plant, grow and harvest eye Ie.

Additional acres can be put into production through drainage. Sessoms overlooks an area that has been dra ined through the establishment of a creek channel. The area will soon be growing in slash pine.

The sawmill bus iness receives a great deal of attention from the Sessoms' fam ily. Left to right, center, are Alexander Sessoms and sons, Alex Kelly If and Robert Frank .
As to forestry changes, Sessoms brought out reclaiming of land in contrast to buying. He pointed out that it is more feasible to drain and improve landthan it is to buy. He states that excellent product ion is obtained on drained land.
Sessoms started his sawmill business with two portable mills m Clinch County utilizing t imber from his hold ings. The business has grown to its present capacity of 250,000 board feet per week. Through his pulpwood dealership, some 1,000 cords of p.Jipwood are handled weekly.
A member of the Cogdell Baptist Church, Sessoms holds membership in the Georgia Forestry and Forest Farmer Associations. For more than 20 years he has been a member of the Clinch County T.P.O. Board. He is a director of the Empire Banking Co., Homerville, past member of the Clinch County Industr ial Board and past chairman of the Clinch County Board of Education.
Sessoms received h is high school education in Waycross. He completed two years of a mechanical engineering course at Georgia Tf-h in 1936.
A family man, Sessoms is married to the former Annie Adams, of Geneva, Ala. They have two sons and a daughter, Alex Kelly, II, Robert Frank and Jo Anne. The sons are active in the management of the sawmill. Kelly is an industrial management graduate from Georgia Tech. Robert graduated from the South Georgia Trade and Vocat ional School at Americus.
13

Region Hardwood
Group Formed
An organization has been formed for the purpose of exchanging ideas on the management and uti Iization of hardwood timber. "The Southeastern Hardwood Forestry Group" was recently organized with representatives from f iv e southern states present.
Elected officials are Chairman James F. Renshaw, State and Private Forestry, U. S. Forest Service, Atlanta; Vice-Chairman Frank Vande Linde, Brunswick Pulp and Paper Company, Brunswick; and SecretaryTreasurer Benton E. Carpenter, Jr. , State and Private Forestry, Athens.
Renshaw said membership is open to men interested in management and use of hardwood timber. Interested persons should contact Carpenter, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Athens, Go. 30601.
The organizational meeting, held
near Charleston, S. C., was spon-
sored by the Southeastern Area , State and Private Forestry, USFS. Some 85 foresters, representing industry, federal and State agencies, attended.
letters
FOREST FIRE SUPPRESSION
In December, 1965 there was a serious woods fire in Dade County. Hoving hod a house on the bluff overlooking Johnson 's Croo k for the post 35 years, my property hod never been seriously threatened by fire until the December fire. 1 was not in residence at the time, but my property was saved by the quick and inte ll ig ent action of the Dade County Forestry Unit under the direct ion of Mr. Andy Newby, Jr.
commend Newby for his action s beyond the call of duty , in the numerous fires that hove threatened this vulnerable and d ifficult terrain. Mr . Newby knows his job and is serious and dependable in the performance of his dut ies.
Sincerely yours,
Fronk Baisden Rising Fawn, Georg ia
14

While hunting on a farm we own in Ta lbot Cou nty, my son and I d iscovered a woods fire .
Befo re my son could get a c all through to t he local forestry unit, Mr . Ha rvey Buckner ond o f ir e suppression unit arr ived on th e scene . Sw ift act ion o n their part contained th e blaze in on one acre area . Their rapid work saved many acres of dry woodland.
Bu ckner's ab il ity to coordinate th e efforts of h is forestry un it is t o be commended. Thank you.
Very truly yours ,
Jessee T. Coll ins
ANNUAL REPORT
certainly d id en joy see ing your annual report, and I wonted to congratulate you on its format and content. You should be very proud of the excell ent progr e ss being mode, the work being accompl ished and the plans for the future.
Sincerely yours,
B. E . A llen, D ir ector Woodlands Division Union Camp Corporat io n
TOUR
A belated thank you for the nursery tour you provid ed the ch il dren from the Hephzibah Home. They certainly d id enjoy it.
We sincerely appreciate Mr. Mock Neal's helpfulness.
Yours truly,
Mrs. E. R. Worster Ju nior Women's Club
of Macon
SMOKEY THE BEAR
On behalf of the Suburban P laz a Merchants As s oc i at ion , Inc . goes my opp re c iotion for the appearance of Mr . George Lyon , forest ranger , DeKolb County , ot our recent second ' Bottle of the Bond s'.
H is ass istance os 'Smokey the Bear', in presenting the awards to the bonds and continually interm ingling with the crowd created much e xci tement. We ore grateful to him for add ing to the s uccess and festivity of the occasion.
Sincerely,
James H. Alverson , Jr. Vice -President Suburban Plaza Merchants
As s' n., Inc.

Log gin
Three Macon ite s have been elected offic ials in the Society of American Foresters. They are, 1-r, Harvey Mills, Geo rgia Kraft Company, cha irman elect, Georgia Chapter; Ed Knapp, forest consultant and equipment dealer, cha irman elect, Southeastern Section; and Frank Craven, Georgia Forestry Comm ission, secretary-treasurer, Georgia Chapter. Mills and Knapp will take office in January, 7968. Craven assumed his dut ies in January, 1967.
A thorough study of factors responsible for the South's current timber position, how the outstanding progress of the past severo/ decades has been achieved and how th is trend can be continued was announced iointly by the Forest Farmers and Southern P ine Associations, following a recent meeting of the groups in New Orleans, La. Steer ing comm ittee officers are, 1-r, J . Walter Myers, Jr., secretary, Atlanta; George W. Stanley, covi ce chairman, Houston, Texas; John W. Squires, chairman, Jackson,
Miss.; L. F. Kalmar , co-vice chair-
man , Savannah ; and Virg i l W. Cothren, treasurer, New Orle ans.

the Foresters ...

The Georgia Forestry Commission Library is kept up-to-date through the Library Committee . Committee members are , 1-r, Mrs. Barnell Barrent ine and Frank Robertson, Georgia Forest Research Council; Gene B ishop, Bob Cooper and John Kraus , U. S. Forest Service; and Frank Craven, center, and Mrs. Harbyn Sheffield, librarian , represent the Forestry Commiss ion.

SERVICE ... James A. Henson , Georgia Forestry Commission Eighth District forester, Waycross, received a 20 year Faithful Service Certificate recently from Ray Shirley, Commi ssion director. Recognition for 15 years of faithful service to the State of Georgia was given to Forest Rangers Lloyd H. Bazemore, Screven County; J . D. Beauchamp , Dodge County; W. A. DeMore, HabershamStephens-White Counties; and Lawrence S. Tondee, Cri sp-Dooly Counties. Others are Investigator C. D. Tillman, Fifth District, McRae; Patrolman W. H. Redd ick, Burke County and Towerman C. W. Sullivan, Gilmer County. A ten year certificate was presented to Trades Foreman H. P . Varnadore. Shirley praised the group for their devotion to their jobs in serv ing the people of Georgia.

PROMOTION . . . Douglass A. Craig has been promoted to the position of director for the Southeastern Area for Cooperative State and Private Forestry Programs. He succeeds E. M. Bacon who moved to the position of deputy chief of the U. S. Forest Service in charge of National, State and Private Forestry Programs. The announcement was made by Edward P . Cliff, chief, Forest Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture.
WORKSHOP ... Two Natural Resource Use Workshops have been scheduled for 1967 according to Jim Morrison, chairman, Georgia Natural Resource Education Council. The workshops are scheduled for Shorter College, Rome, June 12-30; and Valdosta State College, Valdosta, July 24Aug. 11.

For Purchase ... For Sale

Persons wanting to buy or sell forest land, forestry equipment or forest products are invited to send the information to the Georgia Forestry Commission, Box 1077, Macon, 31202. Information as to amount, description and condition should be included. A listing of these items will be prepared by the Georg ia Forestry Commission and will be available to anyone upon request. Persons interested in purchasing these items will be asked to contact the seller.

This balloon version of Smokey the Bear reminded millions of TV viewers to prevent forest fires when he appeared in the Mocy's Thanksgiving Day parade. Stand in g 58 feet h igh and carrying a shovel 40 feet long, the 'gosbog' Smokey was mode at
the Goodyear T ire and Rubber Co.
plant at Rockmart. Photo by Goodyear.
AWARD ... Dr. James H. Jenkins, professor, Wildlife Management, University of Georgia School of Forestry, Athens , was recently presented the Technical Contr ibut ion Award for 1966. J. Reid Parker, professor, Un iv ersity of Georgia School of Forestry, made the presentat ion on behalf of the Southeastern Section, Society of American Foresters at the organization's annual meet ing in Orlando , Fla.
Roy Shirley, director, Georgia Forestry Commiss ion, Macon, left, recognizes Dr. Ph ill i p Greear, Rome, center; and Dr. Clyde Connell, Valdosta, for their contributions in the success of the first teacher workshops held in the State. Dr . Greear, chairman, Deportment of Biology, Shorter College ; and Dr. Connell, Biology Deportment head, Valdosta State College; d irected the first Natural Resource Use Workshops in North and South Georgia, respectively in 1966.
15

Georgia FORESTRY
MARCH, 1967
EXE(JUTIVE DEPARTMENT

SECOND-CLASS POST AGE PAID AT DRY BRANCH, GA.

ARBOR DAY

BY THE GOVERNOR: WHEREAS:
WHEREAS:
WHEREAS: THEREFORE:

Georgia's forests are one of her greatest natural resources, cover two-thirds of the land area of the State, and constitute the greatest agricultural crop of the State; and
The State's woodlands provide the raw material for manufacturing operations which return to landowners and industry more than $1,000,000,000 each year; and
Conservation and wise utilization of forest products becomes increasingly important to our State and community; now
I, Lester Maddox, Governor of Georgia, do hereby proclaim February 17, 1967, as ARBOR DAY in the State of Georgia and do hereby call upon and urge every citizen of the State to give attention to this observance and at all times support, aid and take part in the protection, development and perpetuation of the great forest resources.