Georgia forestry, Vol. 17, no. 2 (June 1964)

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Georgia

7

'FOR ESTRV

Georgia FORESTRY

June, 1964

No. 2

Vol. 17

Fronk Craven Editor
Published Quarterly by the GEORGIA FORESTRY COMMISSION
Box 1077
Macon, Georgia GEORGIA FORESTRY MAILING ADDRESS
Route 1, Box 85
Dry Branch, Georgi a
RAY SHIRLEY DIRECTOR

Members, Board of Commissioners:

CHAIRMAN
C. M. Jordon, Jr.

-Vidal io

Andrew J. Aultman L. H. Morgan W. George Beasley
Alexander Sessoms

-Sy Ivester -Eastman -Lavonia -Cogdell

DISTRICT OFFICES
GEORGIA FORESTRY COMMISSION
DISTRICT IRoute 2 Statesboro
DISTRI C T 11--P . 0 . Box 26 Camillo
DISTRICT 111--P . 0 . Box 169 Americus
DIST~ICT IV--P . 0. Box 333 Newnan
DISTRICT V-P. 0. Box 96 McRae
DISTRICT VI--P. 0. Box 881 Milledgeville
DISTRICT VIIP . 0. Box 2 136 Rome
DIST~ICT VII--P . 0. Box 1160 Waycross
DIS T RICT IX--P. 0. Box 416 Ga inesv ille
DISTRICT XRoute 2 Washington

On the Cover
The Georgia Forestry Commis sion' s Management Division is primarily concerned with employing the best means to obtain the greatest income, maximum development and utilization of soil and water and recreation from the state's forests . This is obtained through assistance provided Ian downers and forest processors in better forestry and uti Iization practices.
Member of the Georgia Press Associat i on

Second-class postage pa id at Dry Branch, Ga.

CONTENTS
Fires And Acreage Dec/ine.... .. .............................. ..-.. .. ................. .3 Watershed Film Released. ....... .... .. ......... .... ....... .... ........... .. .... .. ... .. 3 Wood Preserving.............. .. ..... . ....... . ........ .. ... .. ........... .. ........ .. . . . .4-5 Forestry Field Day Attracts Solons...... .. ......................... .. ...... .. ....... 6 Ruark Receive-:1 Appointment... .... ...................... .. ........... .. . . ....... .. ...6 Perry Wins Field Day.................................. ....... .. .. .... ...................? Seed Committee Names Darby................. .. ...................... .... ... .. ... ....7 Newsprint Mill Will Be First For Georgia.. .. .................. .. .............. .. ..B Plant Expansion Begins.............................. .................... .. ............9 Personnel- Transfers And Promotions .......... .. ................................ TO Unit Merger................................................. .. ............................ 11 Rangers Of The Quarter ... ............ . ... . ... . ...................................... .11 GFA Convention.......................................................... .. ............ .12 Industry Cooperation Increases Efficiency..... .. ........... . ................... .73 Cold Storage Provides Longer Planting Period.. .. ............................. 13 Swamp Yields Glacial Age Tree .......... .. ........ .. .............................. 14 Logging The Foresters . ........................................... .. ................. 75

Cruising
the News

Everybody Make Like Smokey Bear

Fall and spring droughts, which we hove had with memorable frequency the

past few years, toke their heaviest toll in the forests where fla me can bur s t

through the trees li ke on explosion.

Anyone sti II careless with fire in the forests either can't read, can't hear o r

couldn't core because most of us have been raised with Smokey' s warnings in o ur

ears.

Most of Georgia is trees. Burning them up affects the state's economy about

like burning up chickens or setting fire to an auto assembly plant.

With drought and carelessness, with mindless cigarette disposal and othe r

stupidities we could burn up the state. Everybody should be a Smokey Bear the s e

d.ays.

(From the Gainesville Daily Time s )

Forest Rangers and House Fires

There seems to be a general misunderstanding of the job wl-. ich the Fore s t Rangers ore supposed to do in Spald ing and other counties.
From time to time there is severe criticism of them. Most often this follo ws the destruction by fire of a house in the country outside the city Iimits where no other fire protection is available.
Some of this criticism may be justified, but it seems to us that some of it would not be voiced if the job of the rangers was understood.
The ir job is to protect forests and other woodlands from fire. The local u n it is manned. trained and equipped to do that. It is not manned, trained, or equippe d to fight house fires.
The rangers do answer calls to house fires, simply because there is no other f ire-fighting apparatus available in the counties outside the city limits. Some times the rangers can prevent a fire from spreading. Other times they can ' t d o
anything except, as one ranger said, "throw a bucket of water on it." The State of Georgia pays two-thirds of the cost of operating the unit wh ic h
serves Spald ing, Pike and Lamar Count ies and whose headquoeters is on Eth e ridge Mill Rood near the corner of Spalding, Pike and Lamar. The three count ie s

each pay one-third of the remaining third. The current cost to them is $4,745.86

apiece per year.

The Griffin Daily News has long advocated county-wide fire protection w it h

adequat ely manned, trained, and equipped forces. We strongly reconfirm our be

lief in the great desirabil ity of such protection. We hope and believe that t h e

county-wide water system for which the voters hove just approved a bond iss ue

will make fire protection possible everywhere in Spald ing County.

In the meantime, your editor who lives in the country and who a long w it h

other res idents of Spalding outside the city limits locks fire protection, fee ls

that what ever shortcomings the rangers may have, they should not be blamed for

foiling to accomplish the impossible.

(From the Griffin Daily New s)

WATERSHED FILM RELEASED

A Georgia Forestry Commission and State Soil and Water Conservation Committee produced film, "Watersheds and You", has been released.
Completion of the film culminated eight months work initiated by Commission Director Ray Shirley and State Soil and Wo.ter Conservation Committee Chairman Jim L. Gillis, Jr. SCS and USFS supervisory personnel and field technicians provided technical assistance.
Shirley said the 18-minute color film places emphasis on the small watershed program as a local program, locally initiated and locally planned and operated. He pointed out that the film depicts watershed uses for those who live in the watershed as well as in nearby cities a nd urban areas. The film cites the watershed as contributing to the health and economic welfare of every community through municipal, industrial, agricultural and recreational

uses. Shirley added that the film, be-
lieved to be the first produced on small watersheds, gives on added view of the Commission's part in the watershed program. The forester's responsibility in the watershed is to develop a forestry work plan for each farm woodlot, conduct critical area planting on areas des ignated by the SCS, furni.sh technical assistance and provide fire control facilities.
In the 1962-63 fiscal year, the 21 watersheds given forestry assistance in Georgia led the nation. There were 1,130 acres of critical area planted on nine watersheds.
The film is being shown through-
out the nation. Hollis Williams, SCS Deputy Administrator for Watersheds,
Washington, D. C., said the film is
one of the finest in dealing with the watershed program. Multi-purpose and the importance of the small watershed program is effectively illustrat-

ed, he added. Williams has the film in Washing-
ton for review by the USDA staff and considerati.-m of its use at the National Watershed Congress in Little Rock, Ark. later this year. Williams was among 150 conservationists who were given a 'first' showing of the film at the recent meeting of the Georgia Chapter Soil Conservation Society of America at Rock Eagle 4-H Center near Eatonton, Ga.
There are 19 copies of the film available for public showina. For scheduled showings contact your local county forest ranger or SCS technician.
"Watersheds and You" is filmed by Ollie L. Knott, Commission Information and Education assistant, Macon, Ga. Film narrative is written by Thomas R. Fontaine, Jr., Commission I&E assistant, Macon; and Leon
J. Si sk, Pub! ic Information Officer,
SCS, Spartenburg, S. C.

Fires And Acreage Decline

The year 1964 promises to be one of the greenest years in the state's history. Georgia Forestry Commission first quarter fig.ures show 38 percent fewer fires and more than 50 percent reduction in acreage burned for the same period in 1963.
Through Apri I 30, 3,883 wild fires had burned 17,821 forest acres. Th ere ore 25,382,300 forest acres un der protection in Georgia with
23 ,676,500 acres under the protect K> n of the Georgia Forestry Commi ssion. Total forest acreage in the state is 25,772,200.
The best previous first quarter fir e record period occurred in 1958. During that four month period 3,287 wi ld fires destroyed 27,571 forest acres. At that time only 21,094,596 forest acres were under Commission protection.
The average size fire for 1964, 4.59 acres, is 1.28 acres Iess than 1963. In 1958, the average size fire wa s 8.39 for the four month period.
Although ideal weather condit io ns prevailed during the per"iod, Georgia Forestry Commission Director Ray Shirley lauded the state's citi zens for their outstanding cooperat ion in preventing fires. Shirley emphasized that it is only through la ndowner-forest ranger cooperoti on th at we are able to successfully

Georgia Forest Acreage Loss

{Jon. 1 - Apr. 30)

Total Area Year Fires Burned

Avg. Size

1964 1963 1962 1961 1960 1959 1958 1957 1956 1955 1954 1953 1952 1951 1950

3,883 6,181 4,654 5,002 4,047 4,375 3,287 3,486 4,815 6,954 7,782 9,048 6,460 9,116 9,160

17,821.22 36,251.90 31,211.09 42,245.14 39,564.82 41, 108.59 27,570.57 41,897.09 82, 112.53 149,807.94 1 02,731.64 188,059.70 103,925.27 208,756 . 78 282,392.24

4.59 5.87 6.71 8.45 9.78 9.40 8.39 12.02 17.05 21.54 13.20 20.72 16.12 22.90 30.83

Forest Area
23,676,500 23,567,000 23,567,000 21,872,913 21,494,602 21,094,596 21,094,596 21,094,596 20,937,462 20,251,862 19,519,662 19,208,938 17,263,087 14,773,272 13,925,716

The first quarter acreage loss is 17,821, the lowest on record.

hold down the number of wild fires. Commission Fire Cont rol Chief
James C. Turner, Jr. stated that the
figures point out the effectiveness of the training programs administered during the year. Comm i ssion personnel with combined aerial and ground detection, up-to-date equipment and a modern communications system, ore able to attack a wild fire minutes after it starts. This

enables quick suppression before the fire has had time to build up, Turner added.
Shirley pointed out that the excellent record serves as a challenge to put forth greater effort in keeping our forests in a healthy condition. This will enable our woodland owners to continue to provide the raw material for ah industry whose output is valued at $981 million annually

Plays Major

Role In Georgia's

Forest Economy

The art of preserving wood, thereby protecting it against the destructive action of insect and fungus attack constitutes a major segment of Georgia's forest products economy.
Although over 20 such treating plants are scattered throughout the State, very Iittle is understood about the operation as to how much this un iqu e and specialized industry contributes to the welfare of the State and community by the average c itizen.
In producing their end products, over 5-million dollars annually is returned to Georgia timberland owners in th e form of raw mater ial pu rch a s es. Direct payrolls exceed 1,000 employees, with annual wages in excess of 3.5 million dollars.
Products normal Iy processed through a wood preserving plant are po le s , crossties, lumber, pi Iing, fe nce posts, timbers, etc. Except for cro ssties, which are cut from oak or other hardwood species, native So uthern yellow pine is used almost exclusively.
Pressure treatment with proper preservatives can extend the service life five to six times, greatly increasing marketabi Iity to electri c and tel e phone companies as poles, ra ilroads as crossties, and to the fa rm er a s building poles for h i s barn or posts for his fenc.es. In many of these applications it is not unusual to realize 30 years of life while other s may be cons idered as perma nent depending on retention of preservati ves and how used.

Creosote oil is by far the mo s t atmospheric or ground moistur e .

widely used preservative today in Federal and U. S. Department of

the pressure treatment of forest Commerce commercial specifica-

products due largely to its high t ions are generally available t o

level of tox icity and permanence. assist the purchaser in making a

It is used largely for heavy duty wi se selection.

exterior applications, such as tele-

The cost of pressure treated

phone poles, crossarms, railro a d Iumber is much Ies s than general ly

crossties, and marine pi Iing. Oth er effective preservatives such as pentachlorophenol {Penta) and waterborne salt have specific applicati ons

expected. An average 6-room hou se can be permanently protected agai nst te rmite attack for approximate ly $125 additional by treating si lls

for which they are best suited. For outs ide ground contact creo-

and floor joists at the time of ere ct ion.

sote or pent a is normally recommended. Salt treatments, on the oth er hand, offer the advantage of being clean,

Forest products are shipped d irect from the woods to the treating plant locations. In order to fo rce

odorless, and paintable, but at the same time have a limited deg ree of permanence unless used inside a nd protected from leaching effect s of

a suffic ient quantity of preservat ive deeply into the wood, materi a l must first be properly dried. Aft er removal of excessive moisture, wh ic h

Pressure treated floor joists an d s ub flooring offer protection against dec ay . These are the critical areas of termite and decay damage.

Pressure treated wooden blocks form floor in a railroad machine shop.

may require as long as 12 months in the case of an oak crosstie, the material is fabricated if required and loaded on tram cars prior to treatment.
Application of preservative t akes place in large horizontal cylinders, which are of various diameters and up to approximately 120 feet long. Tram cars of the pro-
ducts to be treated are sealed in the cylinder which is then pumped full of preservative. Pressure is applied for as long as is necessary to obtain adequate retention and penetration. This step might requ ire fr om 6 to 24 hours.
An average cylinder will handle at one time about 150 poles of average Iength, or 800 cro sst ies, or a pproximately 5,000 fence posts. Poles are usually given a 10-pound treatment; for fence posts, six or e ight pound; for crossties, eight pound. Lumber treated with salt preservative may average one-third pound of dry salt per cubic foot of wood.
The type of pressure treatment used by the wood preserving plants in Georgia will force the preservat ive deeply into the wood and assure long service I ife. Pressure treatment for long life and low annual cost are re commended.
The growth of the pressure treating industry in Georgia recently was further emphasized with forming of tfie Georgia Pressure Treaters Group. The purpose of the group is to foster and promote methods and measures to more effectively serve consumers
on every Ieve I.

A "charge" of posts, loaded on trams, entering a pressure treating cylinder.

Products normally processed through a wood preserving plant are poles, crossties, lumber, piling, fence po s t, timber, etc.

Forestry Field Day Attracts Solons

A Seaboard Airline sponsored forestry field day demonstration recently attracted more than 500 Georgia legislators, foresters, woodland owners, and forestry educational leaders from Florida to New York and west to Illinois.
The field day was held on the Dr. Harry E. T a Imadge and Ralston Purina properties near Athens, Ga.
The demonstration was organized
and conducted by Seaboard Airline
Rai Iroad General Forestry Agent
Robert N. Hoskins of Richmond, Yo.
He also emceed the program. Georgia Governor Carl E. Sanders,
in welcoming the group, commended the Seaboard Rai Iroad for its work with individual landowners in the promotion of a sound forestry program. This has resulted, with the combined leadership of other groups and individuals, in a stronger forestry economy, he added.
A leader for 15 consecutive years in pujpwood production in the South; producer of 59 percent of the nation's annual pulpwood harvest, pulpwood purchases totaling some hal f-bi II ion dollars and value of shipments from southern pulp and paper mills totaling $2 billion substantiate forestry's financial position in our economy.
Gov. Sanders pointed out that this demonstration illustrates the foresight and ingenuity of our forestry leaders. It also challenges us to maintain our present pace and combine our energies to meet the needs of our valuable and growing forest industries and population.
Russell F. Erickson, president, Rayonier, Inc., keynoted the event by forecasting additional investments, creation of more jobs which in turn will enable the state to make greater economic advances. Erickson called on the state's legislators to continue to exercise wisdom and foresight where their influence may be felt in the levies made on tree farms.
He emphasized that the continued growth of the pulp and paper industry in Georgia will depend upon the economics of growing, harvest in g, transporting and replanting.
As to the economics, our gravest concern lies in the area of taxation on tree farms, he added. Erickson emphasized that exc essive taxes .:n tree farms will defeat the purpose of a natural raw material ...to create jobs and better living for more Americans.
Other speakers appearing on the

1n1ng demonstration were, 1-r, Georgia Forestry Commission Director Ray Shirley, Governor Carl E. Sanders, Seaboard Airline Railroad President John W. Smith, SAL General Forestry Agent Robert N. Hoskins, Rayonier, Inc. President Russell F. Erickson and Union Bag-Camp Paper Corp. Vice-President J . R. Lientz.

program included J. G. Bryant, state supervisor of Agricultural Education, State Department of Education, Atlanta, Ga.; Boyd L. Rasmussen, Deputy Chief Forester, USFS, USDA, Washington, D.C. and Georgia Forestry Commission Director Roy Shirley.
Demon strat ion s depicting the state's superior tree program, recreation, fire control, tree planting, pulpwood, pole and crosstie produc-

tion, paper manufacturing, weed tree control, marketing, seasoning, sa wmilling and genetics were featured.
The activities were concluded with a demonstration of the Georgi a Forestry Commission aerial tan ker and USFS helicopter seeding.
Gov. Sanders was introduced by John W. Smith, President, SAL, R ich-
mond, Yo. Warren T. White, Ass ista nt
Vice-President, SAL, introduced Russell Erikson.

RUARK RECEIVES APPOINTMENT

H. E. Ruark

Georgia Forest Research Counci I Director H. E. Ruark has been appointed a member of a 14- man Cooperative Forest Research Advisory Committee. His appointment, two years, was made by the Secre tory of Agr iculture, Orville Freeman.
The utilization and develop me nt of the nation's forest resources a nd industries to their fullest is the major concern of the Committee. Th e areas of research include fo re st fire, insect and disease contro l, marketing, management, refore sta tion, watershed and recreation.
The Committee was establi sh ed under the Mcintire-Stennis Act.
Ruark is the only southerner on th e Committee. He has been di rec tor of the Research Council s in ce 1959.

Sovthern Pvlpwood Conservation Association Assistant General Manager John C. Witherspoon presents plaqve to FFA field day winner, Perry. Team members and advisors are, front row, George Andel,lberson NeSmith, Eddie Arnold, Jackie Stewart, and Advisor E. H. Cheek. Second row, High Hill, Jimmy Oorestt, Clark Todd, Richard Andel/, Billy Schofield and Advisor H. A. Casey.
Perry Wins Field Day

The Perry High School Future Formers of America Chapter has won the fifth annual statewide FFA Field Day. The Greenville FFA Chapter placed second. Pike County was the 1963 winner.
The contest, held at the FF AFHA Camp near Covington, brought together 160 participants from 15 area el iminotion field day events throughout the state.
Represented at the field day were Appling Co., Chottoogo Co., Claxton, Dawson Co., Greenville, Jackson Co., Lanier Co . and Louis-

ville Academy. Others were Mari on Co., Mary Persons, Montgomery Co., Oconee Co., Patterson, Pelham, Perry and Rockdale Co.
First place winners in the various events are Gordon Mays and Lorry Rhodes, Louisville Academy, planting; Wendell Cooper, Pelham, .selective marking; Johnny Stewart, Perry, pulpwood timber esti motion; Jarvis King, Montgomery Co., sowtimber volume estimation; Jimmy Heath, Greenville, tree identification; and Benny Cowart, Claxton, ocular estimation.

Others include Lonnie Purvis, Louisville, land measurement; Michael Mann, Jackson Co., log scaling; Charlie Phillips and Ray Barber, Green vi II e, sawing; and Chari ie Lowery, Chattooga Co., scaling stacked lumber.
The Perry FFA Chapter, directed by E. H. Cheek and H. A. Casey, received an inscribed plaque and $100. The Greenville Chapter, under J. R. Cook, received a plaque and
$50. First place winners in the individual events were awarded $20 and second place winners $10.
Ed Kreis, forester, State Yo-Ag Department, stated that the field days give each member an opportunity to display the forestry skills he has acquired in Yo-Ag work.
Nine wood-using industries sponsored the state finals. They are Brunswick Pulp and Paper Co., Bowaters Southern Paper Corp. Continental Can Co., Inc., J. S. Gainer Pulpwood Co. Others are
Georgia Timberlands, Inc., Rayonier, Inc., Union Bag-Camp Paper Corp., Volley Wood, Inc. and West Georgia Pulpwood and Timber Co.
Southern Pulpwood Con servation Assistant General Manager
John C. Witherspoon presented the
awards. Industry and Georgia Forestry Commission personnel judged the events.

Seed Committee Names Darby

Georgia Forestry Commission Reforestation Chief Sanford P. Darby of Macon has been appointed to the Society of American Foresters' Tree Seed Committee.
The announcement was made by the Division of Silviculture Cha irman C . W. Barney, College of Forest and ~ ange Management, of Fort Coli ins,
Col. Barney stated that Darby' s term i s for three years.
Darby was chairman of the Georgia Chapter SAF Seed Certification Committee that drew up initial seed c ertification standards. Sim ilar standards have been adopted by the International Crop Improvement Association and the Georgia Crop Improvement Association. They also have served as a basis for national seed certification standards.
Barney pointed out that the Tree Seed Committee succeeds the former Seed Certification Subcommittee of

the Committee on Forest Tree Improvement. The present Tree Seed Committee is the sole Society group concerned specifically with tree seed matters, Barney added.
Tree Seed Committee Chairman
Paul 0. Rudolph, Lake States Forest
Experiment Station, of St. Paul, Minn. out! ined the committee's program as
follows: (l) deal with problems relating to the collection, testing and certification of forest tree seed; (2) keep close liaison with section seed committees and with seed organizations outside the Society; and (3) keep the Society informed on seed problems, seed legislation, and other developments of significance to the Society.
The 15 member committee represents tree seed users, seed research agencies, seed sellers and seed analysts. Darby is classified as a seed user.

S. P. Darby

NEWSPRINT MILL WILL BE FIRST

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' '"'--

FOR GEORGIA

A $30 million dollar newsprin! mill will be started near Augusto this summer and completed by early 1966, announced James M. Cox, Jr., chairman, Atlanta Newspapers, Inc.
This isthe first such mill in Georg ia and the sixth in the South. Representing the largest single industrial investment announced for Georgia in more than o year, the new facil ity will be capable of producing 120,000 tons of newsprint o year.
Approximately 150 persons will be
employed at the mill, which will support several hundred additional jobs through the purchase of 150,000 cords of pulpwood annually from independent suppliers in Georgia and the Carolinas.
For Augusto, the newsprint mill is the largest new industry in terms of capitol investment since Continental Con located its $45 mill ion paperboard plant there in 1958.
lith the new newsprint mill, capitol spendi.ng on new industry located in the Augusto area since 1958 will total close to $130 million. More than $ 110 million has been for forest related industry.
A high-speed newsprint machine, groundwood pulp mill and related facilities will be installed on o s ite being purchased from Continental Can
Co. about 10 miles southeast of Augusto.
The 50 acre tract is adjacent to Continental's bleached sulfate paperboard plant, from which the newsprint mill will purchase sulfate paper, water and related services.
Cox added, "We hope to break ground in June or July looking to ward actual production of newsp rint in early 1966."
The newsprint will s up ply Cox newspapers in Atlant a, Ga., Miami, Fla., Dayton and Sprin gf ield, Ohio.
Jack Tarver, president, Atlanta Newspapers, sa id the Constitution and Journal presentl y consume about

80,000 tons of newsprint a year at a cost of nearly $11 mi ll ion.
The new facil ity will be one of only three or four newspr int mil ls in the entire nation completely owned and operated by newspaper publishers. The New York Times and Chicago Tribune are the largest, and perhaps only others in t his fie ld.
Governor Carl E. Sanders stated, "There is no other s ingle factor in our state which touches the lives o r affects the pocketbooks of more Georgians than does the pulp and paper industry. Add to this the fact that forest products rank third as the topdollar producer for Georgia people.
It can be easily seen how further expansion in th is area is a matter of importance to a ll of us."
"Chief benefici ary" of the expansion, Sanders sa id, will be the state' s forest industry, wh ic h represents jobs and wages for more than 51,000 persons.
Not ing t ha t the locat ion of ne w paper mi II s in Georg ia " also does honor to the memory of Dr. Charles Herty,',' a Georgian who pioneered the manufacture of paper products from
pine trees, Governor Sanders added : " I look forward to the con st ruct ion of addit ional such foe iIiti es that wi II ass ist ou r forest industry, our news media, and thereby the economic and social welfare of ou r ent ire state."
Josef C. Patchen, cha irman of the Comm ittee of 100, the Augusta Area's Industria I Development Organization, said, " We are pleased that the committee's efforts and other Augustans have fina ll y culm inated in the con struction o f the f irst newsprint mi II in the state . We fully apprec iate an d realize the benefits to be der ived fro m this fine ind u stry in our area. We ' re certa in th is i s go ing toresult ina mutually profit ab le venture for the citizens of ou r area and th is industry. "
Dixie's first newsprint mill was
built in Lufkin, Texas, just before

Ne wsprint mi ll s ite.
World War II. Short ly after the wa r, the second one rose be si de the Coo s a River in Alabama.
Then in 1949, Bowater Paper Corp. started in Tennessee a mill now cap able of produc ing between 400, 000 a nd 500, 000 tons of newsprint a year, a nd sa id to be one of the largest new spr in t mi l ls on t h e No rth Amer ic a n continent.
T he oth er two new s pr int mil ls now in operat ion in the reg ion, both 140, 000-t on fac ilit ies, we re built by Internat ional Paper Co. , one at Mobile, Ala. , in 1956 and th e oth er at P ine Bluff, Ark . in 1958 .
Upon co mplet ion of the new Augusta plant, Dixie ' s s ix newspr int mills wi ll have o co mbined production capac ity of mo re t han o ne a nd
one-half milli on tons a year. The sta rt of const ruct ion thi s y ea r
had its genes is some 30 years ago in the forest products research wor k of Dr. Herty. Working in his Sa va nn ah Iaborat ory, it was Dr. Herty wh o demonstrated the feasibil ity of ma king newsprint from Southern p in e .

8

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Continental Can Co.
Georgia State Highway No . 56 Continental Can Co.

PLANT
EXPANSION
BEGINS
A $22 milli on expansion prog ram, over th e next two years, is und e rw ay at Continental Can Co. near Augu sto.
T he e xpansi on wil l swel l the pa pe rboa rd and pulp outpu t fro m o c urre nt 130,000 tons to on expected 225,000 tons per year. A se cond paper making machine, with o capacity of 60,000 tons annually, is the largest single addition to the plant. Th e high speed uni t, with cl ay coatin g e quipment , will s tretch 900 feet be tw e en in put a nd o ut put a nd rise th ree stories high.
The mill, which draws on timber within a 100 mile radiu s, obta in s 70-80 perc e nt of its sup p ly fro m Georg ia. Total wood con su mpti on amounts to some 1,200 cords of pine and 300 cords of hardwood per day.
The expanded facility will use approximately 15,000 rail cars a nd SO,OOO truck loads of wood o year. The capacity for wood handling, preparation, kraft pulping a nd bl ea ching will do ub le the e xp a nsi on .
An adjacent newsprint mill, which is expect ed to be comp Ieted in 1966, will purchase sulfate paper, water and related services. Continental is expected to utilize some 40 million gall on s of water onnuo lly when the expansion is completed.
New products evolving from the expansion include cord, cover, file folder and tabulating cord stock, heavy weight bleached bog paper and the sole of pulp. Present facilities include o pulp and paper mill, o power plant, chemical by-product, wood storage and bulk freight facilities, water treatment and effluent disposal system s.
In operation since the end of 1960, Continental Con employs some 450 persons at the Augusto plant. Combined with Woodlands Division personnel there is on annual payroll of more than $3,000,000.

Personnel
TRANSFER
Dr. John Barber Tree Improvement P rogram Pro ject Leader Dr. John C. Barber of Macon has been transferred to the Southern Inst itute of Forest Senet ics, Southern Fo rest Experi ment Station, U. S. Forest Service, Gulfport, Miss. W. M. Zillgitt, head of the Station, stated that Dr. Barber wi II be project leader in charge of a ten man staff w ith regional respon s ib ili ty for bas ic forest genet ics research . Dr. Barber succeeds D r. Berch W. Henry who has headed the institute since 1954. Dr. Barber came to Macon in 1952 to work on loblolly p ine silviculture and management at the Hitchiti Experimental Forest near Macon. With the establishment of the Georgia Forest Research Cou !'l cil, he joined the Tree Imp rovement Project under Ke ith W. Dorman. In this pro ject he assisted the Geo rg ia Forestry Comm i ssion w ith the estab li sh ment of their seed orchard program. In 1957, Dr. Ba rber assumed leadership of the project following graduate work in th i s f ield at t he Univers ity of Minnesota. Dr. Ba rber is a member of t he Tree Seed Committee of the Internat ional Crop Improvement Associa t ion, Soc iety of Ame ri can Foresters and the Xi Sigma P i. Dr . Barber served as cha irman of the Georg ia Chapter, SAF Committee on seed cert if icat ion, during the period when Certif ication Standards for Forest Tree Seed were developed with the GCIA. 10

TRANSFER

Karl W. McNasser, Chief, Oiv1s1on of Forest F i re Research, Southeastern Forest Exper iment Station, and Director, Southern Forest F ire Laboratory, Macon, Ga., s ince its opening in 1959, has been transferred to the Lake States Experiment Station in St. Paul Minn . In his new assignment, McNasser will serve as Chief of the Division of Stat ion Management for the Lake States Station .
A graduate of the <;tate Uni versity of New York, College of Forestry at Syracuse Univers ity, McNasser is a veteran of over 30 years' service with the U. S. Forest Service. He has served in various capacities on National Forests in .Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Virginia, and Kentucky, and on the staff of the Regional Foresters in Regions 7 and 8.
From 1942 to 1946 he served in the Armed Forces , holding the ran k of Major, Airborne Infantry.
Karl W. Mc:Nasser
PROMOTIONS
Hubert 0 . Kitchens of Macon and George C. Sanders of Davisboro have been promoted to new positions by Georgia Forestry Commission Director Ray Sh irl ey.
Kitch ens has been made Administrative Assistant and Sanders succeeds Kitchens as General Services Ass istant. Sanders was Superintendent of the Davisboro Nursery.
A nat ive of Macon and a graduate of Lan ier High School , 1944, Kitchens came with the Commission in June 1956 as Warehouseman. He was promoted to General Services Assistant in Nov., 1959.

Hubert 0. Kitchens
Kitchens was in the Navy fro m 1944-1946. He was a machinist mate.
Kitchens and his wife, the forme r Helen Harvey of Macon, have three children, Karen Leigh, 11 ; Gina Lu, 9; and a boy, Duane, 6.
They are members of Trinity Pre sbyterian Church. Kitchens is a Deacon and Sunday School teacher.
The family resides at 2340 Danbury Drive.
Sanders, a native of Lyons, came with the Forestry Commission in Jan . 1956 as ass istant ranger of Toomb s County. Since that t ime he has served as nurseryman at the Page Nursery, assistant nurseryman at the Morgan Nursery and superintendent of the Davisboro Nursery.
Sanders has a cert ificate from ABAC, Tifton. Prior to com ing with the Commission, 1947-55, he worked at the U.S. Forest Service Southeastern Forest Experiment Station in T ifton.
Sanders is a member of the Davi sboro Farm Bureau and Woodmen of the World.
Sanders and his wife, the form er Loretta Faulk of Cochran, have a daughter, Robin. 4. They are members of the Davisboro Baptist Church.
The family res ides at 2382 Danbury Dr ive.
George Sanders

Treutlen County has merged their forestry unit with Montgomery and Wheeler Counties, announced Georgia Forestry Commission Director Ray Shirley.
The Montgomery-Treutlen-Wheeler merger is only the second involving three counties. The other is the Lamar-Pike-Spalding County Unit. There are 30 combined units throughout the state. Of the 154 counties under organized forest fire protection, 61 counties are in combined units, Shirley said.
The Montgomery-T reutlen-Wheel er County Forest ~anger Edward Richardson said that a savings of approximately $3,100 was realized from the three county operation for March,

April, May and June. Richardson add-
ed that savings of $4,461 is antici pated for the 1964-65 fi seal year.
The state pays two-thirds of the total budget and the three counties one-third.
In addition to financial savings to the county and state government, there are other benefits. It means conserving heavy equipment, buildings and the many other costs of a forestry unit, while still insuring adequate protection.
Shirley pointed out that a combin ation unit means, economically speaking savings on the local and
state Ieve I; and program wise. to landowners and industry, a more efficient unit.

RANGERS OF THE QUARTER

Charlton County ranks fourth in pulpwood production

in Georgia since 1939. One of the major reasons for Charl-

ton County's prominence in the economy of the state,

stemmi-ng from timber, is fire protection.

The birth of the first Timber Protection Organization

in Charlton County, 1929-30, was a result of individual

initiative of landowners in fire prevention and suppres-

sion .

Forest Ranger L. Jasper

Stokes became Sec-T reas.

of the TPO in Feb., 1935.

With the purchase of equip-

ment came increased de-

mands for fire breaks and a

decrease in annual acreage

losses. Of the county's

511,400 acres, 476,000 are

in forests.

During the late 30's, in-

dustrial personnel and equipment began concentrat-

L. Jasper Stokes

ing in the county. They proved helpful to the TPO and

Georgia Forestry Commission in fire protection. Indus-

trial units have always cooperated with the forestry unit

in suppressing fire on any lands on which fire occurs,

Stokes says.

One of the most progressive steps in Forest Conser-

vation in the county was taken in 1946. The Charlton Co.

Board of Commissioners voted to operate the TPO on a

county-wide basis.

In 1944 fire towers were manned on a yearly basis.

In 1959 they were supplemented with air patrol.

Stokes added that giant strides have been made with-

in the last 25 years in fire protection. Yearly acreage

loss has decreased from some 50,000 acres per year in

1935 to the present average total of some 200 acres per

year. Stokes points out that causes of fire have changed

during this period. A majority of our fires 25 years ago

were classed as incendiary. Today, lightning and debris

burning are the major causes.

Unit personnel, including Ranger Stokes are Patrol-

men Frank H. Davis, Ray Holton and Amos McMillen;

Tractor Operators Mitchell Bennett, Jack Davis and

Towerwomen Mmes. Carrie J. Holton and Arrie Rowline.

An all-around fire suppression operation and an in-

tensified management program are paying dividends to

Washington-Johnson County woodland owners.

Under Forest Ranger

Calvin C. Rhodes, weed

tree control and control

burning plots have been

established. There are nine

weed tree control plots Iocated between Sanders-

ville and Davisboro on Ga.

24.

Different amounts and

types of chemical have been

Calvin C. Rhodes

sprayed at various intervals on each plot to determine

their effectiveness. This program has encouraged the

use of the Commiss ion program to the extent that the

number of weed tree control cases have increased more

than 50 percent since 1960.

In 1955 the Unit cooperated with the University of

Georgia School of Forestry in a weed tree control pro-

ject utilizing different hand methods. The project was

on ten one-tenth acre plots.

The control burn plots have aided in the reduction

of wildfires. It is estimated that wildfires have fallen off 75 percent due to assistance in burning straw fields.

Since 1954, the average size fire has been reduced

from 15 to three acres per fire. Johnson Countains are

reaping the benefits of a local forestry unit. Their aver-

age size fire has been red uced from some 100 to less than five acres per fire.

The forest area, Johnson, 113,500, and Washington,

306,900 represents 66.5 percent of their total areas,

631 ,700. New s media and personal contact are the extra hands

of the forestry unit. Through these facilities all c it izens

are kept abreast of up-to-date forestry practices.

Unit personnel include Assistant Ranger Charles W.

Robin son, Patrolmen Bobby K. Bridges, Robert 0. Craw-

ford, John T. Hammock and Eddie E. Outlar; Tractor

Operator Earnest G. Dixon and Dispatcher James A.

Boatright and James H. Bush. The Towerwoman is Miss

Lola P. Maye.

GFA Convention

Marinelle Shepherd Miss Dodge Co. Chauncey, Ga.
__ - ~... ,
Sarah Sla ughter Miss Toombs Co. Lyons, Ga.
Marianne A vera Miss Muscogee Co. Colt4mbus, Ga.
Meda Miller Miss Meriwether Co. Mancheste r, Ga.

Sonja Mathews Miss Glynn Co. St. Simons Island, Ga.

L inda I ane Brown
Miss Bibb Co. Maeon, Ga.

The 57th annual meeting of the Georgia Forestry Association will be held at the Aquarama on Jekyll Island June 21-22. President Harley Langdale, Jr. of Valdosta, Ga. will preside over the meeting.
Highlights of the meeting will include an address by Executive Vice-President Mortimer Doyle of the National Lumber Manufacturers Association, Washington, D.C. Lt. Governor Peter Zack Geer will crown the Miss Georgia Forestry Queen and the nine runner-ups. "Wood and You" is the theme of the meeting, announced Harvey R. Brown, executive director of the GFA, Atlanta, Ga. More than 500 foresters and landowners are expected to attend.
The speakers and .their subjects are Southlands Experiment Forest Research Director Dr. Charles Driver, Bainbridge, Ga., "Attacking the Attackers"; Union Lumber Co. Vice-President AI Hernandez, East Point, Ga., "Expanding Uses for Treated Wood"; Atlanta Hardwood Co. President James Howard, Atlanta, Ga. , "The Price of Staying in Bus iness"; The Mead Corporation Public Relations Director Ford T. Shepherd, "Forest Industry's Relationsh ip with People"; and Kirby Lumber Corp . Vice-President George W. Stanley, Houston, Texas, " Loss of Private Forest Land to Public Projects."
More than 49 count ies will present Queens for the title of "Miss Georg ia Forestry". In addition to those pictured, they are Ben Hill, Bleckley, Charlton, Chattoo-
ga, Coastal TPO, Cook, Elbert, Emanuel, Floyd, Forsyth, and Grady. Others are Harris, Henry, Houston, Irwin, Long, Lumpk in, Macon, Miller, Murray and Oglethorpe. Rockdale, Talbot, Taylor, Telfair, Thomas, Tift, Treutlen, Troup, Turner, Walker, Ware, and Worth compI ete the Iist.
The reign ing queen i s Miss Bebe Durden of Swainsboro, Ga.

Linda Yawn
Miss I eff Davis Co.
Hazl ehurst, Ga.
Barbara Thigpen Miss Montgomery Co. Uvalda, Ga.
~
Sandra Love Miss Wilkinson Co. Irwinton, Ga.
Marilyn Leverett Miss Lincoln Co. Lincolnton, Ga.
I

Phyllis Spires Miss Columbia Co. Martinez, Ga.
1?

Teresa Carter Miss Richmond Co. Augusta, Ga.

Susy Tutt Mis s Wilkes Co. Washington, Ga.

Helen Lester Miss Dooty Co. Byromville, Ga.

Gayle Wood Miss Wilcox Co. Pitts, Ga.

INDUSTRY

COOPERATION

INCREASES

EFFICIENCY

The Chattooga County Forestry Unit of the Georgi a Forestry Commission has an additional fire suppression arm in the Riegel Textile Corporation's Trion Division.
A $4,500 one-half ton pickup unit is on call 24 hours a day, seven days a week for suppression work in a three mile radius of Trion, Ga. Plant Engineer Harold H. Dunn, chief of the Trion Fire Oepartment, heads an 18 man force that operates this vehicle along with the other TFJ) equipment.
Chief Dunn states that the unit is equipped to handle grass and small house fires. However, wild forest fires, in the early stages, can be handled by the unit.
Prior to the acquisition of the unit, the corporation depended entirely on the local forestry unit for

The Riege/ T exti/e Corporation's fire suppression unit hits a grass fire in the early stages preventing its spread to the wooded area.

protection of its 1,700-acre plantation. Some 600-acres were planted during the Soil Bank program. The plant now is able to relieve some of the pressure on the local unit, and in some instances assist in suppression work on other property.
A 100-gallon water tank, two-way radio system, 100 feet of one and one-half inch dacron hose, 300 feet of five-eighths inch garden hose, four back pack pumps, flaps and axes

comprise the bulk of the equipment. The unit is capable of pumping approximately IS-gallons of water per minute at 90-pounds of pressure.
Chattooga County Forest Ranger
J. B. White pointed out that the unit
is an invaluable asset to the community as well as th( Riegel Corp. Ranger White added that the unit is just one example of the cooperation being extended by industry in an effort to preserve Georgia's growing timber.

COLD STORAGE PROVIDES LONGER PLANTING PERIOD

Reforestation Assistant Chief James Wynens shows cold storage of slash and loblolly pine for late planting.

The Georgia Forestry Commission placed in cold storage more than two and one-half million slash and loblolly pine seed Iing s for Iate pi anting this past Spring.
The move was necessitated by the inclement weather conditions that prevented a normal planting season, accordingto Commission Director Ray Shirley. Shirley pointed out that as long as there was sufficient soil moisture, the seedlings could be planted through the middle of April. Normally the planting season ends around the middle of March.
The Commission director emphasized that the trees were kept in cold storage so as to extend their dormancy period.
Reforestation Chief Sanford P. Darby stated that tests, made in 1962, with loblolly pine seedlings show an 89-percent survival. The seed Iing s were lifted and placed in cold storage in Feb., 1962. The seed Iings were taken out of cold storage and hand planted periodically from March 19-
April 22, 1962. The experiment was carried out
on a 16-acre plot on the Hitchiti Ex-
perimental Forest with one-year-old
loblolly pine. The Forest is located
North of Macon, Ga. on Ga. 129.

LETTERS

Mr. Ernest Rahn, Ranger E Hingham County Forestry Unit Springfield, Georgia
Deor Mr. Rahn:
This refers to a fire incident occurr ing on / or obout 12 February, 1964 involvi ng some 39 acres. The fire started as a result of small tenant children burning trash un authorized in a field adjacent to the barn which spread rapidl y to and through a small stand of young pine . As a direct result of prompt, effie ient action on the part of the Effing ham County Forestry Unit, Ernest Rahn, Ranger, the fire was brought under c ontrol with minimum damage to the young p ine and fence posts loc ated in the affected area, I wish to commend, particularly, H. Tommy Kersey, Patrolman, who through spontaneous initiative and know-how prevented the fire from spreading to the heavy undergrowth wooded lands by cutting a substantia I fire lane which separated the two mentioned areas . It is indeed a comfort to know that th e forestry program of this State is in such capable hands and please extend to those involved my sincere gratitude for a job well done.
Sincerely yours,
W. H. Young, Jr . Attorney
Mr. Sanfor d P. Darby Georgia Forestry Commiss ion Macon, Georgia
Dear Mr. Darby :
Our sincere thanks from all the Chero kees for the pine plants. They were g iv en to each delegate to a recent Garden Club of America (Southern Zone) meet ing here last week.
Everyone was so pleased to have one, and they will be planted everywhere from Texas to Kentucky.
We appreciate your kindness to us.
Sincerely,
Mrs. Remington McConnell Pres ident Cherokee Ga rden Club

Georgia Senator Richard B. Russell shows National 4-H Club Congress delegates the spring growth on a superior loblolly Georgia pine he planted on the Capitol grounds last fall. The 4-H delegates are, 1-r, David
Roper, Evans, Ga.; Sandra Strohbehn, Atlanta, Ga.; Denise Randall, Glenn
ville, Ga.; and Wayne Obenauf, Lizella, Ga.

John R. Tiller, a career forester with more than 26 years service with the South Carolina Commission of Forestry, has been appointed State Forester. Tiller replaces C. H. Flory who retired after 20 years service as State Forester.

Swamp Yields Glacial Age
Tree
The unusual is the rule rather than the exception around the Okefenokee Swamp. Clinch Countian J.M. Chauncey recently came upon one of the swamp's hidden rarities, a sect ion of petrified bald cypress.
Its age has been placed from 1020 million years by the U.S. Forest Service's Forest Products Labore tory at Mad i son, Wise. The lab report stated that the wood evidently was not grown here, but was carried down from Canada during the several glacial periods.
Chauncey's find took place two miles from Council, Ga., south of Fargo, Ga., where a county road maintenance crew was taking clay from a pit. In cleaning roots and debris from

the clay with a pitch fork, Chauncey hit what he thought to be stone or metal which turned out to be the petrified wood.
B. Francis Kukachka, in charge of wood identification research, Div ision of Wood Quality, USFS LabMadison, said, "The specimen of wood is identified as a species of bald cypress. This tree is a common species of the southern bottomlands. In the geological past it had a very extensive distribution.
Petrified wood of bald cypress has been found in Japan, Spitzber gen, the Mackenzie River District of Canada, and central Europe, where
it furnished the material of which the Miocene Brown Coal is formed.
It is rather difficult to assess th e age of the speci"man, but generall y these are attributed to the Tertiary Age,"
Joe Morton of Waycross, manager, Okefenokee U~S. Wildlife Refuge, drew the conclusion that ten million years ago this area was part of th e ocean. He said information on han d shows that only one million years agothe Atlantic Ocean coastline wa s in the vicinity of Homerville and 30 miles west of Fargo. The Gulf of Mexico extended up to about the pre-
sent Georgia-Florida Iine. The peni nsula of Florida consisted of probabl y four islands, one of them the present location of Lake City. The ocean cu r rents and breakers, with silt, bui lt up the islands forming a 100 mi le sand bar now known as the Tra il Ridge.
Other information is that the Gu lf of Mexico extended to the present northern plains millions of years ago.
The bald cypress sample can be seen at the Homerville High Schoo l.

Logging the foresters ...

The Lowndes County Forestry Unit has become the first unit in Georgia to be qualified by the American Red Cross as an emergency highway first aid station. Ranger Leo Lorenzo, right, instructs first aid courses given by the Valdosta Red Cross Chapter. The local cha fier supplies the first aid equipment and materials for the station . Dispatcher Mrs. Juan ita Paulk, left, is one of four personnel at the unit trained in first aid.

The role of the tree in So il Stewardship is exp lained to Bill McArthur by his father, Telfair County Forest Ranger Franklin McArthur. "Trees are a very necessary part of Soil Stewardship s ince they keep soil from wash in g away," explains the ranger to his son.

T he second generation Morgans follow in the footsteps of their late father, G. Phillip Morgan. Like their father, they have a keen interest in forest cons ervation . Recently, Mmes. Richard H. Horsey, Kirk M. McAlpin and Arthur
L. Montgomery , members of the Cherokee Garden Club of Atlanta assisted
in the distribution of Georgia Forestry Commission grown lobloi'ly pine to de legates at the Garden Club of America annual meeting in Atlanta. Fulton County Unit Forester Louie Deaton presented the seedlings.

John Harold Payne, Franklin-Hart Co unty Forest Ranger, has died. Payne, 45, a native of Carnesville, Ga., was with the Georgia Forestry
Co mmission for 77 years. Director
Ray Shirley stated that Payne's job efficiency and devotion to his work wa s a tribute to him as a man and to the state as an employee.

INSECT FILM.. A Georgia Forestry Commission film, The Southern P ine Beetle, will be featured at a symposium on internationally dangerous forest insects at Oxford, England. The symposium is scheduled for July 20-30, 1964. It is being held by the Food and Agriculture Organization in cooperation with the International Union of Forest Research Organizations.
SCHOLARSHIPS.. Continental Can Co. is again providing five forestry scholarships totaling $4,000. This i s the llth consecut iv e year that the company has offered scholarships to high school gradu ate s in states where the company owns land, announced L. F. Kalma r, general manager, Woodlands Divi s ion.

l&E secretary Mrs. Catherine Kelly fi II s in her successor Mrs. Nancy Bel k on the operation of the vari typer. Mrs. Kelly had been secretary for some two years. Mrs. Belk assumed her new duties on Apr. l.
Miss Gum Turpentine of 1964 is Anne Allen of Herndon, Ga. The 18 year old Jenkins High School senior was crowned by American Turpentine Farmer's Association Board Chair-
man Jim L. Gillis, Jr. of Soperton,
Ga. Miss Allen is the daughter of Mrs. Miriam Allen.

The year 1964 promises to be one of the greenest years in -the state's history. Georgia Forestry Commission first quarter figures show 38 percent fewer fires and more than 50 percent reduction in acreage burned for the same period in 1963. Through April 30, 3,883 wild fires had burned 17,821 forest acres. There are 25,382,300 forest acres under protection in Georgia with 23,676,500 acres un-der the protection of the Georgia Forestry Commission. Total forest area in the state is 25,772,200.

SECOND-CLASS POSi AGE
----- PAID AT DRY BRANCH, GA.