Georgia forestry, Vol. 16, no. 2 (June 1963)

- Georgia
ORE STR

TAX CHANGE RAWS NATIONWIDE
OPPOSITION

SPRING FIRES TAKE TOLL IN LIVES ANO ACRES

DOMESTIC LUMBER PROTECTION
REQUESTED

DOMESTIC LUMBER PROTECTION REQUESTED

The steady influx of foreign lumber into t hi s country, and particularly Georgi a, has .prompted the State's lumbermen, forestry organizations and Forest ry Department to request congress to impose necessary restri cti ons on the importation of foreign lumber and wood products into the United States.
Testimony before the U. S. Senate Commerce Comm ittee at Atlanta in April showed that Georgia lumber is being 'pinched' by foreign government set prices and uncompetitive freight rate s.
Georgia Forestry Association Director Raymond Cook, Atlanta stated, "when the economy on our forestry home front becomes destitute, the Federal Government will place tree growers on subsidies, controls and charity. Free enterprise must not be stiffled by big government. The last free vestige of agricultural economy in our country is being doomed by the necessity of having to meet unfair foreign competition from producers subsidized by their governments."
The Asso c ia ti on urged the following steps be t aken t o protect our domestic lumber prod ucers in g e neral and our south er n lum ber prod ucers in part icuI ar.

1. Foreign imports of lumber be drastically restricted under a quota system.
2. Equitable tariff boundaries for
domestic lumber producers' protection.
3. All foreign lumber and wood products be marked as to country of origin and manufacture and be required to use standard grading procedures as required of domestic lumber producers by the American Lumber Standard Committee.
4. All tax supported agencies of the Federal Government be required to use domestic lumber for their requirements.
5. No change be made in the pre-
sent capital gains treatrrent of timber sales.
Georgia Forestry Commission Di rector Ray Shirley, Macon, pointed out that "The State's timberland owners cannot continue to grow trees profitably unless our government maintains quotas on lumber and forest prcducts coming in the U. S. at reduced prices and unmarked as to
origin. During the past 18-months, Iumber stumpage prices have dec Iined $5-$10 per thousand board feet, which is primarily due to the incr e as e in Canadian lumber imports

and West Coast wood, " Shirley added. The Commission d ir e ctor empha-
sized that in Canada the timber is owned by the government with prices set and geared by the government to sell at competitive or below lumber values in the U. S. In addition Canadian freight rates are at a level that permits lumber to be transported into Georgia and undersell southern pine in Georgia's own backyard .
On the market level, there are only 527-sawmi II s operating in Georgia. There has been a 76 percent reduction in Georgia sawmi II operations between 1955-62. This represents a 29 percent reduction of lumber cut.
Shirley cited that U. S. Forest Service survey statistics, Georgia's forests are growing 15-percent more timber than is being cut , as being com pi imentary with the back door invasion of foreign wood and reduction in sawmills.
Additional statements supporting the southern lumbermen's plight were issued by lumbermen 01 in Frazier, Hinesvi lie; Mose Gordon, Commerce; John Milner, Atlanta; William Pope, Washington; R. H. Rush, Hawkinsville; and Jack Smith, Athens.
Senator Strom Thurmond, South Carolina, sub-committee chairman, pr.e sided over the Iumber hearing.

BEETLE EPIDEMIC

REDUCED

The Southern Pine Beetle has been brought below epidemic proportions in all but Hal l and Rabun Counties reports Georgia Forestry Commi ssion Director Ray Shirley.
In itially there were 33 counties
througho ut Middle and North Georgia infested with the southern pine's most dreaded enemy. A fu II fledged attack against the Southern Pine Beetle was initiated by State, Federa I and industry leaders with a zone of infestation being declared first in Hall County followed closely by Elbert and Madiso n Counties in March, 1962.
Shirley em ph asized that the counties were be ing kept under observaticll for add itional outbreaks . He

made of all the tr e ated counties the last of Jun e, a step endorsed and authorized by the State Insect and Advisory committee. T he committee was organ izPd at the out set of the epidemic a nd was inst rumental in obta in ing State and Federa l fund s to check th e spr e ad of t he Sou th er n Pine Beetl e. Russ Smith , U. S. F orest Se rvice, Pest Control Division, Atlanta, stat es at this time t he insect wi II be moving and any ep idemic c an be easily spotted.
Since March, 1962, $947,000 have been alloca ted for the program on a matching fun d basis between State and Federal governments. Monies spent by industry and landowners run the cost of t he progr a m ove r the

Management Field Assistant John Hammond, beetle project coordinator, reports that approximately threequarters of a million trees have been cut and treated since mid-March 1962. This represents a loss of more than five million board feet of sawtimber and more than 14,000 cords of pulpwood. The timber, belonging to over 6,000 landowners, was located on over 18,500 spots.
The more recent counties brought below epidemi c proportions include Cobb, Harr is, Heard, Meriwether, Pike, Ta lbot, Troup and Upson.
Other counties are Barrow, Bibb, Elbert, Franklin, Habersham, Hart, Lamar, Madison and Monroe. Banks, Crawford, Forsyth, North Fulton, Greene, Hancock, Jackson, Jasper, Jone s, Morgan, Oglethorpe, Putnam, Taliaferro and Wilkes Counties round out the Iist of treated Southern

Att(Ll/IATEO PUBLIC WQI/K/ P/IQJftT

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The constructton of a training center and sewage disposal plant is underway at the Waycross State Forest.

New headquarters ore being constructed in Dougherty, Henry and Jefferson

Counties.

The APW Program is designed to assist in the initiation and speed-up

County. Liberty, Taylor and Franklin Counties have relocation oftower

of State, local and Federal pub Iic

projects scheduled. Other counties

works projects. It is the purpose of scheduled for projects include

these projects to help provide use- Brantley, Burke, Hancock, Mcintosh

ful work for the unemployed in labor and Pulaski.

surplus areas. Counties scheduled for sub-head-

Georgia Forestry Commission Director Ray Shirley stated that the

quarters are Clay, Montgomery and projects are located in counties

Wheeler. Other additi ans include an where employment canditi ans makes

airplane hanger at the Fifth District headquart~rs, McRae, 1n Wheeler

them eligible according to specifications of the program.

The Baldwin-Hancock and JasperJones County forestry units hove new equipment sheds.

COMMISSION PLANTS 196364 SEEDLINGS

Catalpa seedlings and bi-color lespideza plants will be made available to Georgia landowners for the 1963-64 planting season, announced Georgia Forestry Commission Director Ray Shirley.
Slash and loblolly pine remain the big sellers w!th 86-percent of the 67,000,000 seedling crop planted to these pine species. In 1962-63, 3,949 Georgia landowners purchased 51,516,000 tree seedlings. Other species being grown inc Iude longleaf, shortleaf, Virginia and white pine, Arizona cypress, dogwood, poplar, and fraser fir.

Shirley said that approximately 200,000 catalpa seedlings are being made available at $15 per thousand. Some 300,000 lespideza plants will sell for $5 per thousand. Shirley added that the lespideza plants will be distributed for the first time by the Commission Heretofore the wildlife food plants have been handled by the Game and Fish Commission.
The 67-million custom grown, field-graded seed! ing s are being grown at the Commission's six nurseries. Species being grown and cost per thousand are slash, 'l oblolly, longleaf, shortleaf and Virginia pine,

$4; eastern white pine, $8; yellow poplar, Arizona cypre:;s, and fraser fir, $10 and dogwood, $20.
Commission Reforestation Chief Sanford Darby said that a transportation charge of 25-cents per thousand tre~s wi II be made on deliveries by State truck. However, any purchaser may pick up his seedlings at the designated nursery, Darby added.
Order blanks may be obtained from County Forest Rangers, County Agents, ASC and ACP personnel. Assistance in establishing your tree plantation may be obtained from your county forest ranger or district forester.

House Approves Forest Products Bill

A Bill, providing that no construction contract shall be let by the State of any political sub-division unless it contains a provision providing for the exclusive use of Georgia forest products, has been passed by the Georgia House of Representatives.

Wilson B. Wilkes of Adel, Ga. Wilkes stated that the provisions of the Bill do not apply when it conflicts with Federal regulati ans concerning construction.
Georgia Forestry Commission Director Ray Shirley stated that the Bill will be a great asset to the

products is estimated at $950,000,000. Shirley added that the Bill will in
no way impair State construction as physical properties of Southern pine, strength and durability, and allaround use are equal or superior to other tree species when quality and grade are compared.

Five Lives nd 16,000 Forest A res
Cloimed by Spring Fires

March winds fanned over 2,000 fires through Georgie's forests while Apri I showers rained some 600 blozes on the State's timber. During a seven week period, March 1-Apri I 20, approximately 2,590 wildfires destroyed some 16,310 forest acres.
Georgie Forestry Commission Director Roy Shirley praised the tireless efforts of Commission personnel in holding the fire size to 6.3 ocres per fire. He odded, "your training ond devotion to job ond the Commission's program spared Georgia from a potentially devastating fire situation." County unit personnel, porticularly in the Piedmont and Mountain oreas, were on o seven doy week for a pproximate ly two months.
The Morch fires, which burned over 12,000-ocres, c Iaimed the Iives of four Iondowner s. They were Homer Correll, Ellijay; John Williom Lynch, Pembroke; Sam Pierce, Villo Rico; ond George Vonzont, Dial. A fifth victim, Bud B. Bentley of Norcross, died in a Februory fire in Gw in nett County. Shirley stated thot the loss

of t imber hurts the economy, but the loss of life cannot be measured in dollors ond cents and is a high price to poy for carelessness. It is hoped thot the deoth of these men wi II serve as a reminder to all Georgians that the smallest trash or debris fire cannot be taken too lightly.
In on effort to cut down on the fire losses, emergency fire fighting equipment, including an aerial .tanker ond potrol croft, and personnel were sent into the North Georgia oreo. Approximately 20-drops of fire retardant were made on the fires. The potrol planes were used to spot fires ond direct ground crews ogoinst the flomes. Towermen were keeping daylight and evening vigils over Georgie's forests from their crowsnest perch through out the fire danger period. Commission i nvestigotors oppe oronce in North Georgia paid off in the apprehension of severol malicious burners. This immediately reduced fire occurrence. The emergency headquarters wos located at Cloud Iand State Park.

Stote s

Fore st Fires March - Ap r il 5, 1963

Acres Under Protection (M)

No. Fires

Acres Burned

No. 1 Couse

A lo bo ma

20,652

Arka n sa s

19,042

Florida

18,608

Georgie

23,568

Louis ian a

12,495

Mississippi

15,536

Nort Carolina 18,761

Oklahc-m a

4,951

C.outh Car ol ina 11,798

erne ',e

12,319

xas

10,582

als

168,312

3365 1735 1705 2590 3000 5014 1798 440 2000 2594 837
22, 578

124, 900 89 ,2 96 18,41 6 16,31 0 41,0 00 88,962 135,000 34,883 35,502 64,435 29,237
617,941

Debr is Burning Debris Burn ing In ce n di a r y Debris Burning A rson In ce ndi a ry Debri s B urning Incend iary Debris Burn i ng Debr is Burning Debris Burning

Fire fighting un its of the U. S. F orest Service and the areo's paper companies joined the Commission's forces in on effort to stem the rising tide of forest fires. In addition 41men from civi I defense units in Cedartown, Rockmart, Rome and Summerville were used as rake crews in the mountainous <neos.
Fire fighters termed the fires " more serious than any they have ever encountered". The fires jumped fire breaks, spotting fires across the fire lines as much as one quarter to a holf mi Ie.
From Jonuary 1-April 30 there were opproximotely 6,181 wildfires thot destroyed some 36,252 forest ocres. This is an overoge of 5.8-acres-perfire. For the corresponding period in 1962, 4,654 fires. burned 32,211-ocres for an average of 6. 7 acres per fire.
High winds, low humidity ~nd per-
iod s of drought oided the flomes once the fires started, stoted Commission
Fire Control Chief James C. Turner,
Jr. Turner emphasized that landowners were fooled by showers that were followed by high winds. Thinking the showers provided enough moisture to burn, landowners would conduct their burning only to discover thot the ground litter would reodily burn beyond their efforts of control.
Turner pointed out that it is this misconception ond carelessness thot couses the mojority of wildfires. All persons should contoct their local forest ranger before setting debris or field fires, Turner soid. The ronger wi II odvi se on whether weather and moisture conditions will permit sofe burning.
Shirley cited the effectiveness of communications, oeriol ond tower detection, personnel traini ng, ond public and news medio cooperation

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An emergency fire headquarters was set up at Clo ud/and Canyon State Park. From here firefighters planned their att ack ag a inst the North Georgia fires. The camp also provided eating and sleeping facilities.

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Communicat ions played a vital
fire suppression work. Tractor operators
were able to keep in contact with patrol craft
and other suppression units in plowing out
the fires.
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A forest fire board of rev iew study detection methods, suppression and cause of a recent fire, near Douglas , wh ich de stroyed over 400acres. Coffee-Atkinson Co. Forest Ranger R. L. Drury pinpoints the origin of the fire. Serving on the board, table 1-r, are GFC Fire Confro/ Chief J. C. Turner, Jr., Pierc e and Echols Co. Rangers W. Davis and F. L. Staten and 8th District Fore ster J. A. Henson.
A weary fire fighter backfires a blaze in hopes of stopping the inferno before additional forest acreage is destroyed.

Georgia CJtaiAittg tke tttutA
F ORESTRY

June, 1963

Vol. 16

No.2

Frank Cr aven

Editor

Publi shed Quarterly by the
GEORGIA FORESTRY COMMISSION
Route 1, Box 85
Dry Branch, Georgia
RAY SHIRLEY - DIRECT01<

Members, Board of Commissioners:

CHAIRMAN
C. M. Jordan, Jr.

-Vidalia

Andrew J. Aultman L. H. Morgan W. George Beasley AI exander Sessoms

-Sylvester -:::=:astman -Lavonia
-Cogd~ll

DISTRICT OFFICES
GEORGIA FORESTRY COMMISSION
DISTRICT 1--Route 2 Statesboro
DISTRICT 11--P. 0. Box 26
Camilla
DISTRICT 111--P. 0. Box 169
Americus
DIST~ICT IY-P. 0. Box 333
Newnan
DISTRICT V--P. 0. Box 96
McRae DISTRICT VI--P. 0. Box 881
Milledgeville
DISTRICT VII--P. 0. Box 2136
Rome
DIST~ ICT VII-P. 0. Box 1160
Waycross
DISTR ICT IX--P. 0. Box 416
Gainesville DISTRICT X--Route 2
Washington

On the Cover
Georgia Forestry Commission personnel held the recent rash of Spring
fires to an average of 6.3 acres per
fire. This was the lowest average of any South ern State. The rna j or cause of the wildfires was debris burning followed by inc8ndiary. See
"Five Lives and 16,000 For est
Acres Claimed by Spring Fires" for State by State statistics.

Me;,:Jer of the Georgia Press Associ ation
Sec 11d-class postage paid at Dry Branch, Ga.

IT WOULD BE COSTLY
A careless cigarette or mctch tossed from a speeding automobile m i g h t cost Burke County thousands of dollars.
Fields and forests are dry as tinder from nearly 60 days without a soaking rain .
When the weather makes a change it wi II break one of the longest droughts record ed in the history of Burke County, and until that time, hunters and others who f requent the fields and forests should be extra cautious about fire. Many thousands of acres of forests could be destroyed quickly because of the inflammab I e situation.
Millions of dollars are invested in young pine forests in Burke County, and they could easily go up in flames through carelessness.
Remember, it's a lot easier to prevent than to control a fire.
(From the Waynesboro True Citizen)
BURNING OF FORESTS IS LIKE BURNING MONEY
A huge amount of money is going up in flames in Georgia. Imagine 76 wild fires in wooded areas in a single day. Such was the box score
on Thursday. The day before was even worse. More than l 00 fires were reported
Wednesday. During the weekend conditions ore likely to worsen in many sections of the state
because of continued dry weather and the possibility of gusty winds. Even so, the horrible waste of woodlands could be avoided if people would be as
careful as they should. This is no time to be clearing off a patch of land by burn ing it. Oanger of fires getting out of hand is too great for that. Picnickers, fishermen and others on outings should be sure campfires and cigarets are extinguished. And never, never should anyone flick a cigaret from a car to the roadside.
Forest products comprise one of Georgia's most important industries. Why gut its source?
( (From the Atlanta Constitution)
SEN. KNOX PRAISED FOR LUMBER BILL
Georgia Senator Wyck Knox has been praised by a Columbia County lumber man for his efforts to pass a bill in the General Assembly setting a minimum standard for lumber used in the construction of Georgia homes.
Jack Eubanks, in a letter to The Columbia News, praised the Thomson senator for his "attempt to help the lumber industry in Georgia."
The lumber bill, Senate Bill 32, would have required contractors to use lumber meeting American standards of 19 percent moisture content and capable of meeting
rigid bending and compression tests. The bill passed in the Senate but was defeated in the house. "We, in Georgia, would benefit by the bill since 68% of our state is timber--good
timber--with which outside areas canrot compete in quality," Mr. Eubanks said in the letter.
"Again, thanks to Senator Knox for his efforts in behalf of the lumber industry. Even defeated, we appreciate his concern."
(From the McDuffie Progress)
FOREST FIRE SAFETY
IS UP TO THE PEOPLE
Eac h time there is a forest fire in this country, an average of 32 acres of timber
ore lost--enough to build 75 homes. The loss cannot be measured in economics or board feet alone. Recreation, wild-
1ife and watershed damage also enter the picture.
Tremendous as this wastage was, however, the 1961 figure was the lowest ever. There were nearly 5,000 fewer fires than in 1960, when 5.5 million acres burned.
A responsible public contributed to last year's good record. Only a continuingly responsible public can repeat it or better it this year.
(From the Athens Banner-Herald)

GEORGIA AGAINST
Tax Change Draws Nationwide Opposition

A proposed revis ion of the 1944 Capital Gains Timber Taxation section, making capital gains apply only to the first $5,000 of gross income, has been met with vigorous opposition .
Landowners, industry, State -forestry departments, and legislative spokesmen have written letters and made appearances before the House Ways and Means Committee voicing their disapproval. Georgia Senators Richard Russell and Herman Talmadge expressed strong opposition as well as practically everycongressman from Georgia. Governor Carl E. Sanders wrote an emphatic letter of protest and transmitted a resolution passed by the Ge agio House and Senate urging that present treatment remain unchanged.
Georgia Forestry Commission Director Ray Shirley stated that the present cap ital gains law, effecting t imber, is essential for the continued growth of forestry not only in Georgia but throughout the South and the nat ion. He cited the millions of dollars being spent annually by industry and landowners on site preparation, reforestation, timber stand improvement and forest fire prevention, detection and suppression as necessary in maintaining a forestry program on a sound mana.gement basis.
-Shirley added that with 93 percent of Georgia's forest land in private ownership, the suggested tax change is of grave concern to all timberland a nd forest industry owners in the State .
The Commission Director pointed out that the Iong period of time necessary to grow merchantable timber, natural hazards (fire, insects, diseases, and storms) coupled with uncertain market conditions is justification for the continuance of the present capital gains treatment as applicable to timber sales.
Moine Forest Commissioner Austin H. Wilkins, chairman, Legislative Committee, Association of State Fore sters, stated that our Association v iews this situation as vitally affecting our responsibility and trust in administering cooperative conservat ion programs on 358,000,000 acre!' of private forests made up of so:4,510,700 private ownerships.

to experience on upheaval of the forest economy which could conceivably be caused by the proposed abolition of capitol gains tax treatment

of timber.
The following is a resolution presented by the Georgia Forestry Commission.

WHEREAS, timber growing is a unique enterprise requiring investments for many years during which there is much risk involved both from production hazards and available markets, and
WHEREAS, Georgia's forest land area comprises 25,772,200 acres, which is 69 percent of the total Iand area, and
WHEREAS, private ownership constitutes 93 per cent of the forest area, with approximately 197,000 owners,
and
WHEREAS, the greatest forest conservation advances hove been mode since the cop ita I gains tax treatment has been in effect, and
WHEREAS, the proposed repeal of capitol gains treatment of timber revenues exceeding $5,000 annually would materially reduce the incentive of private investors to manage forest lands for the continuous production of timber, and
WHEREAS, the repeal of the capitol gains tax treat~ ment y.'Ould hove a serious affect on a majority of the
timberland owners in our State, and WHEREAS, it is necessary that on incentive be given
to encourage forest land owners to meet the notion's needs for a I eng-term supply of timber and maintain the fcrestry advances made in recent years,
THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that the Georgia Forestry Commission endorses the principle of capitol gains tax treatment of income from the cutting or dispQsal of timber as being in the public interest and urges the Congress of the United States to maintain the present capital gains taxation that-applies to timberland owners.

CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS

BILL PASSED

Georgia Governor Carl E. Sanders has signed into low a bill on capitol improvements that enables the Georgia Forestry Commission to make necessary improvements for the successful operation of the Commission.
The Bill was introduced by Tom orr, Washington, Go.; H. Goodwin all, Leesburg, Go.; Dr. A. S. John-

t-<oe, Go. and many others. The B iII was passed without any increase in the Commission's budget.
Georgia Forestry Commission Director Roy Shirley stated that the increase and support of Georgi a's forest industry and the promotion of Georgi a wood by the State Legislature will continue to insure Georgia's

TAKES S TAN[

by Rip Fontaine, Jr.

[' uring the past decade forestry has played an important ro le in the growth of the economy of Bainbridge and Decatur County. At present an e stimated 641 employees have an annual payroll of more than $1.6 mil lion.
In addition, wood-using industries pay out some $1,300,000 annually for raw material and over $286,000 for freight. In the production of gum, lumber, crates, veneer, and chips in 1962 t hey utili zed over 25-million board fe et of sawtimber, 41,500 cords of pulpwood and worked over 78,000 face s.
The city of Bainbridge realizes the e ffe c t of wood on the community and th e ne e d for the use of quality and loca l lumber in the economic expans ion of city and county. The Bainbridge building code in April circulated a letter notifying contractors, bui lders and lumber supply deal e rs t hat ut i Iity grade fir is not recog nized for structural from ing nor is it liste d fo r a ny st r uctural use in lumber tables. T he letter quoted the Engineering Department of the Southern Standard Bu ildi ng Cod e as stating that the ab ove fir would not meet structural req uir e ments for 1,200 poun d f iber stre sses . Another lette r from the Un ited State s De partmen t of Agri c ul tur e, F orest Products Laborat ory, po inted o ut that the uti-

Iity fir cannot be compared with stressed grade lumber.
With this stand taken by the cit) of Bainbridge, there is no questior of the position wood has attained ir this community.
In the adjacent counties of Grady, Miller, Mitchell and Seminole the manufacture va Iue of pulpwood, saw-timber and naval stores was estimat ed at $2,183,295, according to 0 1 1961 Extension Service report. Thf employment and income figures fo the four county area is estimated a 478 and $1,750,000, respectively
In Bainbridge, the Elberta Cratl. and Box Company pours more thor $800,000 in salaries into the loco economy through 275 employees. Th1 Company, founded in Marshallville Ga. in 1905 moved to Bainbridge i1 1915. In addition to salaries th r the company has an annual outlay c approximately $600,000 in raw ma terial and $120,000 in freight e)( penses. In the product ion of fruit an vegetable boxes and paper overlayec veneer some 10,000,000 board fee of wood is utilized. An investmer that now exceeds $1,000,000, th ~ company's initial investment in 190i l was $10,000. There were 45 person; on the payroll.
Some 160 emp loyees of the Willi; Lumber Company have an annual pa) roll of more than $425,000. The con
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WOOD USE

pony also spends about $300,000 onnuolly on row materiel ond onother $125,000 on freight. In the production of pine lumber ond chips the company utilizes opproximotely 10-12,000,000 boord feet of wood. Their chip production runs oround 7,000 cords annually. Since the company's beginning in 1945 the building ond lumbering facilities have been united. The addition of a dry kiln, deborker, ond chipper hove modernized the sowmill.
The lnternotionol Paper Compony' s 30-woodlands employees in Decotur County earn approximately $140,000 annually. In 1962 well over $300,000 was spent for pulpwood purchases at 1-P's Bainbridge woodyard. Additional money is spent locally for office supplies ond other moterial s. Wood purchases plus wages contribute nearly o holf million dollars annually to the loco! economy. The woodyard, one of four in the Flint District, is on important Iink in the chain of operations thot suppl ies wood to the company's Ponamo City, Fla. mill. Near Bainbridge is 1-P's Southland Experiment Forest. It is o forest research center where forest !scientists and technician s ore taking basic research ond applying it to the needs of the practicing forester.
Looking to the future, the recent Forest Survey shows o net volume of

2,155,000-cords and 435.1 milli on board feet of sawtimber in Decotur County. Decotur County's 233,700
forest ocres represents 62-percent of the county's land area.
In the four county trade oreo there ore 453,500 for est acres or more thon seven percent less thon in 1953. The net volume of growing timber is 758.1 mi II ion boord feet of sawtimber and 2,974,000 cords of pulpwood. However, there are 557,000 cords of growing cull timber.
With this vost amount of growing timber fire protection and suppression, monogement ond reforestation progroms ore essential for the continued growth of the economy of of this 'cornerstone' area of Southeast Georgie.
Providing these serv ices is the Decotur County Forestry Unit. The unit's fire detection ond suppress ion equipment consists of three tractor units, one pickup, fou r towers and oir potrol. There ore three full time personnel he aded by Ronger Palmer Rich. During extre me fi re donger the number of employees is increosed to ten. When the unit wos orga n ized in 1948, personnel hod to fight the wildfires with only two water wogons. The unit's budget is $21,780 of which $15,000 goes for salaries. -Another $4,000 is spe nt for repoirs ond utilities.

Pike County LETT RS

Tops Field

The Pike County High School Future Farmers of America Chapter has won the fourth annual statewide FFA Field Day. The contest, held at the FFA-FHA Camp near Covington, brought together 150 participants from 15 area eliminati~" i l field day events throughout the State.
The Lanier County FFA Chapter placed second for the second straight year. Henry County was the 1962 winner.
Represented at the field day were Claxton, Dawson County, Forsyth County, Greenville, Lanier County, Louisville Academy and Milton. Others are Montgomery County, Oconee County, Patterson, Pelham, Perry, Pike County and Rockmart.
First place winners in the various events were Gordon Mays and Larry Rhodes, Louisville .Academy, Planting; Steve Fell , Milton, and Ed Beckham, Pike, Selective Marking; Jerry Daldes, Rockmart, Pulpwood Volume Estimation; Howell Millwood, Forsyth, Sawtimber Volume Estimation; Ronald Adams, Pike, Tree Identification; and John Browning, Lanier, Ocular Estimation.
Others include Benny Cowart ,

Claxton, Carl Ross, Perry, and Tom

my Thompson, Oconee, Land Meas-

urement; Mike Ratliff, Perry, Log

Sealing; Tom Dickson, Patterson,

Sawing; and Wendell Turner, Pike,

and Phil Worley, Milton, Pulpwood

Scaling.

The Pike County F FA Chapter,

directed by R. A. Oglesby, received

an inscribed plaque and $100 in cash.

The Lanier County FFA Chapter re-

ceived a plaque and $50 in cash .

First place winners in the individual

events were awarded $25 with sec-

ond place winners receiving, $15.

Ed Kreis, forester, Vocational

Agr icu ltura I Department, stated that

the FFA Field Days give each mem-

ber an opportunity to display the

forestry sk ill s he has acquired in

Vocationa I Agriculture.

Wood-using industries in the State

provided prize money in the area

e'vents. The Georg ia Forestry Asso-

ciation and the American Turpentine

Farmers Associat ion sponsored the

State finals.

.

Jim L. Gillis, Jr.i !president, GFA

and ATFA, presented the awards.

Georgia Forestry Commiss ion and

industry personnel judged the events.

Research Board

Adds Mathis

J. F. Mathis, Jr., Twin City, was
recently appointed to the Board of Commissioners of the Georgia Forest Research Council by Governor Carl E. Sanders.
He succeeds Henry G. Garrard, Washington, Ga.
Mathis elected for a three year term is one of sev.en commissioners who supervise the Council's program in Georgi a. Other members of the Board are Wallace Adams, Glenwood; Herbert I. Conner, Vidalia; B. M. Jones, Dallas; Downing Musgrove, Homerville; Ray Shirley, Macon and W. Kirk Sutlive, Savannah.
Mathis is owner and o perator of Mathis Lumber Company . He is a member of the Georgia Forest Products Industry Committee and a Director of the Emanuel County Cham-
be. f Commoco

f Mgthjs . Jr.

Mr. Ray Shirley Georg ia Forest ry Comm issi on Macon, Georg ia
Dear Mr . Sh irley:
In Oc t ober, 1962, a wildfire overcame all loco I efforts. The Lamar-P i keSpa ld ing Forestry Unit was summoned. They re sponded and sta rted to work, but due to cond iti ons (30 -m ile wind, very low hu midity) other units were summoned. The fire was conta ined, no house was lost, and five houses were in the fire path.
Due to the effie ient effort s of the opera tors, a disaster was t urned into minor 1.;"ss of on ly open land. The people of Molena community express their thanks to Ranger John Osbolt and Charles S ims. Without regard for their own safety, they saved five homes, some barns and put out the flames that raced for other homes . A l l othe r operators d id their work well , including the plane operator, who appea r ed overhead to direct the work of a II units.
Our community, like many others depend s upon the Forestry Unit for all major f ire fighting jobs. Please convey our thanks to all concerned.
Sincerely,
G. 0. Leverett
D irect or Georgia Forestry Commission Macon, Georgia
Dear Si r:
On Easter Sunday my parents, Mr. & Mr s. R. M. Gambrel l of Jacksonville, F la. were returning home from a week-end visit when they were involved in a collision nea r Tignall, Ga .
Your Tignall tower operator SIZing up the situation, called the highway patrol , and ambulances were dis patched to t he scene.
Due to his alertness all those injured in the acc ident received prompt relief. On behalf of my parents, I would like t o thank Mr. Ellis Rousey for his most c o m mendable ac ti on, and the Forestry C o m mission for their high standards in se lecting their key employees.
With kindest regards, I am
Yours very trul y,
John C. Gambre ll

Logging the Foresters
AWARD ... " The Burning Issue", a Southern Region f i lm, has won a b lue ribbon in the 1963 Amer ican Association of Agricultural College Editors competition . Florida Forest Service Information and Education Chief Ed Moore was film committee c hairman. On the committee were Frank Craven and John Haislet, Georgia Forestry Comm ission and Texas' Forest Service I & E chiefs, respectively. U. S. Forest Service re presentatives assisted with the planning sessions.

Dr. Harry R. Powers is the new chief of the Division of Forest Disease Re search at the Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Asheville, N . C. He has served as assistant division chief for the past two years. Powers s uc ceeded Dr. George H. Hepting who was promoted to Forest Service Pri ncipal Research Scientist .
Robert G. Hitt, forest geneticist with the Wisconsin Conservation Department, has been named to head the Forest Regeneration Branch for the U. 'S. Forest Service State and Private activities in the South. Hitt is statio ned in Macon, Ga. where he wi ll also superv ise operations of the Ea stern Tree Seed Laboratory.

Spring is fashion time around the world. Georgia Forestry Commission secretaries get that spring feeling with the latest dress and sport wear made out of paper. Th is will be something to look too in the future . The models, 1-r, are Mesdames Larry Cobb, Bill Sheffield, Don Bostick, Bob Lerch and Ken Tyndal .

COMBINATION .. . Effective July
Hare Ison County wi II be combined
with the Polk County Forestry Unit. This br in gs the number of combined units in the State to 26.
SCHOLARSHIPS... The Continental Woodlands Division of Continental Can Co., lnc., Savannah, has announced its 1963 scholarship program which provides two forestry scholarsh ips totaling $4,000 each . In addition, the company, for the first time will award two $1,000 graduate fell o.vships to outstanding graduate foresters, and two $500 seni or scholarships. The $500 scholarships will go to a senior at the University of Georgia and North Carolina State College.
OFFICERS...Jim Spiers, conservation forester, Southern Pulpwood Ca1servation Association, Statesboro, has been elected president of the Un iv ersity of Georgia School of Forestry Alumni Society. He succeeds W. N. 'Hank' Haynes, Union Bag-Camp Paper Corp., Savannah. Other officers include Vice-President Walter Stone, .Continental Can Co ., Statesboro and Sec.-Trees. Reid Parker, professor, School of Forestry, University of Georgia, Athens.

Is this the largest Holly Tree in Georgia? This Holly measures 9 feet 10~ inches at 4~ feet above the ground. The tree was measured by Douglas V. West of Fayetteville. The tree is located approximately seven
miles south of Newnan on U. S. 29
behind a drive-in restaurant. The
American Forestry Association recognizes an American Holly ' at Har-
din, Texas as the largest in the country. It measures 13 ~ feet at 4~ feet above the ground.

Miss Mer iwethe r County Marie Renfroe
....
Mis s Montgome ry C ounty Kath leen O'Brien
Mi ss Wil ki ns on County Judy Taylor
Mis s T oomb s C ount y Laura Evel le Gibb s

Miss Macon Coun t y Mary Rigby
The annual meeting af the Georgio Forestry Association will be held ot Jekyll Island June 18-19. Jim L. Gillis, Jr., president af the Association, will preside,. Governor Carl E. Sonders wi II be the banquet speaker, June 19.
Some 43-counties will present Queens for the title of " /tli ss Georgia Forestry". In addition to those pictured, they are Charlton, Chattoaga, Clinch, Coffee, Columbia, Crisp, Floyd, Forsyth, Franklin, Grady and Harris. Others are Heard, Jackson, Jeff Davis, Lanier, Lowndes, Mcintosh, Miller, Mitchell, Muscogee, Oglethorpe and Polk. Taylor, Terrell, Thomas, Tift, Troup, Turner, Washington, Wilkes ond V.'arth round aut the Iist of counties.
Featured speokers include Donald Boldwin, dir., Legislative ~elations, National Lumber Manufacturers As so.,
Washington, D. C.; AI Davenport,
chm., Georgia Tree Farm Committee, Un ian Bog-Comp Paper Corp., Sovonnah; Dorsey Dyer, Extension Service, Athens; Harley Langdole, Jr., pres., The Langdale Co., Valdosta; H. E. Ruark, dir., Georgia Forest Research C ouncil, Mocan; N. P. Secrest, Secrest Pulpwood and Timber Co., Thamosville; and A. Roy Shirley, dir., Georgia Forestry Commission, Macon.

Miss Elbert County C indy Suttle Miss Richmond County Li nda McE lrea

In the coastal section of Georgia exist thousands of forest acres emerged in heavy accumulations of surface water which will not drain naturally. These non-productive timber lands are being converted into commercially profitable forests through a massive ditching program initiated through the joint efforts of state and industry foresters and soil conservationists in Mcintosh and Glynn Count ies.
In this area, a high water table causes excess water to accumulate a nd over saturate large land areas. T hese areas usually support an inferior timber type which grows very sl owly. Over saturation also reduces the growth rate of pine t imber located on land adjacent to flooded areas . To correct this situation , the land must be ditched to drain off excess ive surface water.
Vast areas of wet lands have been drained and rapidly reseeded to pines under the guidance of Dan C. Chapman, work conservationist, Soil Conservation Service, Darien. During the last five years he has concentrated

his efforts in Mcintosh and Glynn Counties.
The first timber land ditch ing project orig inated in Glynn County in 1948. Over four miles of drainage ditches were constructed through cypress ponds and swamps. Today, this area is growing 14-year old slash and loblolly pines.
The scientific approach to timber land drainage was established when the Gall ilee Church Canal was cut as the main drainage outlet for Glynn County. This section was intensively studied eight years before and after drainage .
During the period before drainage, trees in the area grew an average of 1.1 inches in d iameter. Following drainage, tree growth was increased to 2.9 inches in diameter.
The below area was a cypress pond on the A/tomah Plantat ion in Glynn Co. Forest Ranger Alton Bowen, Brunsw ick, and Work Unit Conservationist Dan C. Chapman, SCS, Darien, inspect pines planted, after dramage, on the area in 7948.

The 1,300-acres Alfred Jones' Altamah Plantation, Glynn County, was drained in 1955. Currently, 625acres have been conve rt ed from cypress pond to pine.
A main canal in Mcintosh County, with six lateral branches, was constructed by the Rayon ier Pulp and Paper Co. in 1961 on 9,624 forest acres. During this operation, over 22-miles of canals were cut removing 232,402 cubic ya rds of earth . The drainage canals var ied in width from 3-24 feet.
Chapman states, "a good forest land drainage system will improve timber types, in crease gr o.vth rate and make the a re a more accessible to equipment."
Drainage ditches are usually constructed parallel to swamps to minimize construct ion cost. In many cases an adequate drainage system has been dug for as little as $6 per acre, Chapman added.
The forest land drainage program in Southeast Georgia is promoted by the Coastal and the Satilla Soil and Water Conservation Districts.
Landowners with potential forest land drainage problems should first consult a techn ically trained forester to determine proper forest management. If Iand dra inage is recommended, the local so il conservation ist should be contacted for technical assistance.

Georrto Wood Councils Formed

John M. McElrath, left, Macon, is chairman of the Sixth District Georgia Wood

Council. Harvey R . Brown, center and Ray Sh ir ley assisted in the council's

form ation.

A Georgia Wood Council is being were 1, 128-million cubic feet of tim-

organized in each of the ten congres- ber growing in Georgia with only

sional districts with the aim of pro- 959.9 million cubic feet utilized.

moting the utilization of Georgia This represents a growth rate that is

wood, according to Harvey R. Brown, 15-percent greater than drain. Of the

executive secretary, Georgia F ores- 15-percent, six percent is in sawt im-

try Association, Atlanta. The GFA ber and nine percent in pulpwood

is sponsoring the Georgia Wood s izes.

Councils.

The utilization problem is further

Georgia Forestry Commission Di- expanded by the 1962 U. S. Forest

rector Ray Shirley, Counc il technical Serv ice Survey which shows the

advisor, emphasized that the influx State gaining 1.5 mill ion forest acres

of wood into Georgia is greater today dur ing the past decade. The State's

than at any other time. In 1962 there forest acreage totals 25,772,200.

The growth over drainage rate also shows up in the stumpage prices, Sh irle y adds . During the past tw"o years stumpage prices have dropped ~5-$10 per thousand in pine sawt imber. Present growth trends over uti Iization could result in a sim ilar dro p in the next two years, Sh irl ey said , unless greater utilization is made of Georgia forest products.
In organ izing the Wood Counci ls Brown is advising the tree growers and industry owners, that make up the Counci Is, that Georgia and the South cannot cont in ue to compet e with Canadian and West Coast wood
\
under the present price condition s. He stated that the Counc i Is c a n serve both wood grower, seller and processor by promoting the use of Georgia wood which has proven to have stronger strength qualities and be more durable than West Coast or Canadian timber.
Shirley emphasizes that the selli ng program must start at home. He points out that the Iumbermen of the State must ban together ar.d elimi nate t he influx of so-called superior lumber.

RETIREMENT
Organized forest fire protection came to Crawford County in 1946. Given the reins was a middle-aged farmer and carpenter. Today, the Crawford-Peach County Unit is more than a means of getting a fire suppressed; it stands for the prominent posit ion forestry has taken in the State.
Crawford-Peach County Forest Ranger Jessie H. Rigdon, who retires June 31, 1963, guided the unit from its beginning. Rigdon initially worked as the unit's only employee, working from his home .
He had no telephone, however, landowners were good about coming by and telling him of a fire. His home being situated on top of a hill made it easy for him to spot fires also.
Construction of the Crawford Tower and the unit's first headquarters in 1950, brought the first detection system to the county. That same year a permanent patrol man was hired.
When the unit came under protection, Crawford County was averaging

Rigdon and 'Smokey' part company after 17-years.

40,000 acres burned . In 1962 there were only 32-fires that destroyed 66 acres.
The unit's first equipment came in the form of a jeep in 1949. It wasn't until 1954 that they received their first tractor unit. Radios had been installed in 1951.
Rigdon, with his excellent record, was given Peach County when it came under protection in 1961. There were an estimated 1,200 acres being burned annually in Peach County before protection. In 1962, 161 acres

Rigdon states that the Notification to Burn Law, passed in Crawford County in 1957; plowing of fire lan es and the increase in wood-using industry played a large role in bui lding up the fore stry program in Cra wford County.
Georgia Forestry Commission Director Ray Shirley stated that we are where we are today because of the pioneers in our forestry progra m. Crawford County can be proud of the job Rigdon and his staff have done in the development of forestry in
r wf rd

Timber Production

Keyed To Soil Type

An effort to increase the production of wood on the Waycross State Forest is being made through the use of a soil and land capability map.
Georgia Forestry Commission Director Ray Shirley said the Commis sian, as a cooperating member of the Satilla River Soil and Water Conservation District, obtained the map

through the services of the District. The Soi I Conservation Service provided the field work and prepared the map.
Shirley pointed out that the map gives soil types and an indication of what a particular area is capable of producing in the way of timber. The map also provides knowledge

determining the rotation age in relation to the capabilit ies of the various sites. This will be benefic ial in planning future planting and thinn ing operations, Shirley added.
Waycross State Forest Project Manager Zack Seymour stated that the map gives us the option of cutting so many acres. He added that the drainage problem can also be met successfully through information provided by the soil map.
The map information is available to the public.

Rangers of the Quarter

From 1950-1960 Jenkins County showed the largest

increase in forest acreage, 20-percent, more than any

other county in the State. Forest Ranger Elza Clifton states that the increase

in forest acreage, 101,700 to 146,700-acres, was primar-

ily due to the increase in equipment. This gave the land-

owner confidence that his timber would be better pro

tected from fire, he added. Initiative and fores ight on the part of Ranger Clifton
has also paid off in more forest acreage. Clifton has com

bined reforestation with fire control.

In the plowing of firebreaks, the tractor operator makes notes on areas where reforestation is needed , giv-

ing the acreage, where it is located and other information

that will aid the landowner in putting all his acres to

wqrk. When the landowner is contacted, Clifton can ad-

vise him on how many trees he needs and where they

should be planted.

This program was started in an effort to keep up the

forestry program following

the Soil Bank years in which

there was heavy planting. Landowners have shown

their confidence in Clifton

by following his recommenda-

tions. As a result, forestry

now holds a prominent posi-

tion in the economy of Jen kins County.

Aerial maps are put into

use in plowing the fire

Elza Clifton

breaks. The landowner's

boundarylines are marked off and then fire lanes plowed

using sue h natural features as road-s, streams and fields.

In fire suppression the aerial maps aid in placing of equipment.

Clifton, a native of Jenkins County, has been with the Georgia Forestry Commission since 1947. He has been ranger of Jenkins County for 14 years. From October, 1956-May 1958 he served as First District ranger in Management at Statesboro. Other employees of the unit

include Morris Dickey and Johnny C. Wilson, tractor operators and John E. Bragg, towerman.

When Clifton came with the unit, a water truck was

the only piece of equipment he had to fight fire. In 1949-

50, a tractor unit and jeep were added. This was the be-

ginning of a stepped-up forestry program in Jenkins Coun-

ty, Clifton said. Present equipment includes one pickup

tr and two tractor units.

Through service and assistance, the Georgia Forestry

Commission provides landowners the 'tools' through

which they can realize the greatest income from their

forest resources.

Talbot C wnty Forest Ranger Harvey Buckner has

placed special emphasis on

management, particularly in

the fields of weed tree con-

trol and prescribe burning.

In pushing the weed tree

control program, Buckner

states that approximately

1,000-acres have -been spray-

ed. However, he adds that an

additional 3,000-acres need

treating. There are 219,200

forest acres in Talbot County.

Harvey Buckner

Results in the county show above average kill. In

these areas, the pines released added up to 20-inches

in new growth in a year's time.

The program, in its fourth year, began as a result of

demonstrations for laodowners and school children con-

ducted by Buckner. Most of the spraying has been done

to release pine.

A tool in forest management when used properly pre-

scribe burning has found a place in Talbot County. Inter-

est in using fire in management was initiated three years

ago. Landowners Gaston Cook, Brooks Cull pepper and

Glynn Buchnan and Ranger Buckner viewed prescribe

burning techniques on the Santee Experimental Forest

near Charleston, S. C. The group was accompanied by

Third District Forester Olin Witherington who arranged

the trip.

Buckner reports excellent results with more landown-

ers using fire to manage... not to destroy.

An outstanding fire prevention and suppression re-

cord has been maintained by Buckner since he became

ranger in 1956. In 1962 there were 33-fires that burned

110-acres. This is some 3.3-acres per fire or about two-

acres less than the State average. The largest fire since

1956 destroyed only 40-acres. The unit's mobile fire

fighting equipment includes two pickups, two tractor units

and a tractor. Buckner's efforts and the realization of the need of

well-rounded management programs by Talbot County

landowners are upgrading their forests for the future.

Other personnel include R. C. Cooper, assistant patrolman; R. C. Hill. pgtrolmgn god A I Mallorv tawerman

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