Georgia forestry, Vol. 13, no. 1 (Mar. 1960)

Georgia
F OR

RV

CRUISING the News
Hunters And Forest Fires
(From the Ch att ooga Democrat)
Hunters can be a careless lot. Some of the more recent forest fires in Chattooga County have been _blamed on squirrel hunters. County Ranger J. B. White says the hunters set fire to trees when they smoke out their prey.
If a tree catches fire, he says, call the rangers. Don't go off and burn up the timberland that means a livelihood for so many persons.
There were three big game hunters in Africa who were resting by their campfire after a hard day in the jungle. One announced: "I'm restless. Think I'll go for a short hike before chow."
The other two didn't fret over his non -appearance for over an hour. Then one glanced at his watch and murmured, "Hmmm! Wonder what's eating ole Ernest?"
So let's don't "eat" up our pretty forests or trees by fire needlessly. It's an expensive habit.
Woods Burning Costly
(From tb e Baxley ews Banner)
Wood burning without notifying the forestry unit can be costly .as one citizen found out in City Court this month when he drew a $200 fine.
The fine was Appling County's first sentence for violation of the Notification of Intention to Burn Law. It was imposed after the citizen pled guilty to the charge . He had been previously requested by Forestry Ranger LeRoy Page not to set any fires unless he first notified the forestry unit.
The Notification of Intention to Burn Law is a county-option measure designed to provide better forest fire protection for Appling County. Notifying the forestry unit before setting any outdoor fires enables state personnel to give safe burning advice, to plow fire breaks for a small sum if the landowner so desires and to alert fire towers or air patrol that the smoke is coming from a fire which is being watched on the ground. Thus, when the smoke is sighted, the forestry unit doesn' t have to send a truck or plane to the smoke to see what's causing it. Operating expenses are reduced and equipment and personnel are freed for actual wild fires .
83 Million Seedlings
{From the Lanier County News)
The tree planting program of the pulp and paper industry and pulpwood suppliers in Georgia again exceeded the previous all-time high during the 1958-59' period, according to an eleven-state survey conducted by the South Pulpwood Conservation Association.
It was reported that nearly 83,000,000 seedlings were planted on industry land and distributed to Georgia landowners during the last year. More trees were planted in Georgia by the industry than in any other Southern state with the exception of Florida. Last season, the industry and pulp suppliers gave almost 17,000,000 trees to private landowners in Georgia.
It is said that effective control of undesirable woody plants without damage to the pine is the major management problem in growing pine in the South. There has been many solutions and treatments (or hardwood control and now it is hoped these many small seedlings will have a better chance to grow.
The personnel of the Georg ia Forestry Commission express th eir deepest sympathy to the family of Eugene Dobson. The Commission considered Gene to be an outstanding ranger and a young man of highest character and morals. The Cherokee County Ranger carried out assignments in a manner which re fleeted his high devotion to duty, and thereb y brought unto himself, his fami ly and the Commission the esteem of the citizens of Georgia who knew him . This los s will be greatly felt by all who knew him.

Georgia FORESTRY

Vol. 13

March, 1960

No.1

Frank Craven Editor

Published Quarterly by the
GEORGIA FORESTRY COMMISSION Box 11 83
Macon, Georgia Ray Shirley, Director

Members, Board of Commissioners:

C. M. Jordan, Jr., Chairm an

Andrew J. Aultman

Alamo

'
Oscar S. Garrison

Sylvester

John M. McElrath Alexander Sessoms

Homer Maco n Cogdell

DISTRICT OFFICES
GEORGIA FORESTRY COMMISSION
DISTRICT I- Route 2, Statesboro
DISTRICT 11- P . 0 . Box 26, Camilla
DISTRICT III- P . 0 . Box 169, Americus
DISTRICT.IV- P . 0 . Box 333, Newnan
DISTRICT V-P. 0 . Box 328, McRae
DISTRICT VI-P. 0. Box 505, Milledgeville
DISTRICT VII-Route 1, Rome
DISTRICT VIII-P. 0. Box 1160, Waycr.oss
DISTRICT IX- P. 0 . Box 416, Gainesville
DISTRICT X-Route 3, Washington
On the Cover
The management fores ter is a key figure in the progression from seedling to f inished pro duct. The figures depicted here
are busy turning forest green in to U. S. green . By proper land usage, timely and selective cult ing practices, and wis e market ing yo ur fo rests can provide a steady income for you.
Member of the
Georgia Press Association.
Georgia F or estry is entered as second class m a tter at the P ost Office under
the Act of August 24, 1912.

A.R.Shirley Named To Direct State Forestry Commission

Arthur Ray Shirley, new director of the Georgia Forestry Commission, said it is his aim "to continue a sound and progressive forestry program to serve th e timb erla nd owners of the state in the most effective and economical way possible."
Shirl ey, who in January s ucc eeded Guyton DeLoach as director of
Commission is not new at the res ponsibility of directing Georgia's forestry activities .
During the administration of Gov. M. E . T hompson in 1947 , he was appointed head of the agency which was then known as th e Georgia Department of Fores try . Following reappointment by Gov. Herman Talmadge, he continued to strive for a greatly expanded department which would work closely with landowners and wood using indus tries in every county in the state .
Shirley, who was graduated from the University of Georgia in 1936 and served as a captain in the U.S. Army Corps of E ngineers durin g World War II , resig ned the s tate post
in 1949 to become secretary and loan manager of the American Turpentin e Farm ers Association .
The naval s tores organization,

which maintains headqu ar ters in Valdosta for its op e ration in several south eastern sta tes, later na med Shirley general manager, a position which he held at the time he was named to the Commission directorship .
In assuming the Commis s ion post, Shirley said, "It will continue to be the primary function of the C ommission to work in every way possible toward gro wing, protecting, manag ing a nd harves ting trees that will be of the greates t value to the landowners and to maintain a continuous supply of raw materials for industry ."
The new Commission chief emphasized that "forestry is big business in Georgia and much of th e pre sent, as well as the future economic welfare of the state, is tied to its forestlands."
He pointed out that Georgia is recognized as one of the leading for es try s ta tes in the nation and that "we want to continue to work very closely with all educational and service organizations so all citizens will appreciate the great economic value of the forest, as well as its value for recreation a nd other uses."

The director said the great im-

portance of proper forestry manage-

ment can be fully appreciated when

the present high value of timberland

is taken into consideration. He

also stressed the vital importance

of good forestry practices to wood

using industries and to the thous-

ands on industrial payrolls who depend on the forest for their livelihood.
Shirley, a native of Bowersville,

was formally elected to the state

post by the Commission's board of

directors with the advice and con-

sent of Gov. E rnest Vandiver and

was sworn into office February 2 during brief ceremonies in Atlanta.

Known widely throughout the

Southeast today for his interest and

activities in forestry, he worked one

year with the U.S. Forest Service and with the Tennessee Valley Authority during a summer vacation period while still a student at the

university .

. During his early career, he also

served as extension forester and

naval stores specialist for the

Georgia Agricultural Extension

Service.

Under his management, the Ameri-

can Turpentine Farmers Association

in January of this year completed

the liquidation of all rosin and tur-

pentine that had been pledged to

the Commodity Credit Corporation

program since 1948.

Association officials point out

that $64,000,000 was borrowed on

the products during those years and

when the last of the s tocks were

liquidated in January, records show-

ed there was no loss to the federal

g overnment. Shirley is married to the former

Miss Mary Virginia McKey of Valdosta. They have two sons, Ray

Jr., who is a sophomore at Georgia

Tech, and Rudy, a seventh grade

student. The director, a member of the

Baptist Church, Society of Ameri-

can Foresters and Rotary Club,

said he hopes to move his family

to Macon in the near future.

In taking over the reins of the

Commission, which now maintains

state headquarters in Macon, district headquarters in 10 strategic

ueas and unit offices in 148 coun-

ties, Shirley said: "To the personnel of the Georgia

Forestry Commission, as well as to

landowners throughout the state , I

pledge my wholehearted support... the Commission has_ v~ people and they are ~ ~

dous job."

(''(\ _

- LIBRARIES
\-~

State
Begins
Planting
Of
CRITICAL
A watershed improvement project of planting critical watershed areas has been initiated by the Soil Conservation Service. The Georgia Forestry Commission and the U. S. Forest Service are cooperating in the project.
The 832 acres, designated as critical by the SCS, are included in the Hightower Creek, Little Tennessee River, Barber Creek, Palmetto Creek, Tobesofkee Creek and Mill Creek watersheds. These watershed areas emcompass some 547,219 acres throughout Georgia. Of this area, 261,060 acres are in forest land. Other areas are expected to be designated later in 1960.
Critical area tree planting was started by the Commission in December, 1959 on the previously mentioned watershed areas. The counties affected include Carroll, 100 acres ; Haralson, 30 acres; Towns, 40 acres; Rabun, 60 acres; Oconee, 100 acres; Barrow, 150 acres; Harris, 100 acres; Bibb, Lamar and Monroe, 115 acres; and Whitfield and Walker, 133 acres.

The Commission, in cooperation with the USFS, is providing technical assistance in tree planting and woodland management on a costsharing basis. The cost of installing land treatment measure will be borne by the individual landowners with assistance provided through the County Agricultural Conservation Program. The SCS is providing technical assistance for the planning and application of these mea sures.
Individual landowners will provide labor and farm equipment to accomplish the necessary site preparation and provide and install necessary fencing for protection from grazing livestock.
Land treatment measures to be installed for watershed protection are based upon the use of each acre of agricultural land in accordance with its capabilities. In order to obtain this objectiv , soil and water conservation and plant management practices, essential to good land use, must be established and maintained.

The planting of these areas in pine is a combination of land treatment and flood prevention steps which will contribute directly to soil and water conservation, plant management and flood prevention. The terraces, waterways and trees to be constructed and planted will provide better control of drainage from cultivated uplands. This will cause more water to enter the soil, help decrease the loss of water and reduce land and gully erosion. The farm ponds will provide a reserve of water for the farms concerned, act as soil basins, help control channel erosion, provide recreation and wildlife facilities and provide better distribution for grazing of pasture lands . A re-
A reduction in soil production is essential to proper functioning and maintenance of planned channel improvements. Additional true k-tractor plow units will be IXOvided and operated to intensify fire prevention and control within the watersheds .
The principal problem relating to watershed management is the fre quency of flooding of low lands , together with large amounts of soil deposits in the watersheds . Damage to drainage ditches, caused by flood water and soil, has made attempts
to diain these areas unsuccessful. Land treatment steps for watershed
protection include tree planting, terracing, waterway development, cover cropping, pasture planting, pond construction, drainage and wildlife area improvement. Critical area tree planting, cooperative forest fire
control and roadside erosion control make up the land treatment steps for flood prevention.
All monies and authority for conducting this work is provided for in public law 566 dealing with watershed improvement.

By President In Middle Georgia

This is the llillsb oro He the Ja sper, J on e s and Putnam s ection of the Oconee National A similar headquarters at Green superv ises the portion of the big for which lies in Greene, Morgan, Oconee and Oglethorpe Counties .

The 96,364 acres of Georgia land which comprise the recently desig nated Oconee ational Forest today is a far cry from the poOt"ly managed, erosion-ribbed terrain the federal government took over in the early
1930's. The once submarginal land, pur-
chased by the former Resettlement Administration for rehabilitation under the Bankhead Farm Tenant Act, is composed of two separate tracts. The portion consisting of 66,231 acres lies in Jasper, Putnam and Jones Counties and a 28,133acre area is in Greene, Morgan, Oconee and Oglethorpe Counties.
B. G. Malone J r. , of Monticello, project conservationist in charge of the larger area of the big forest which gained national forest status last fall by executive order of Presi-

dent Eisenhower, said the land had been "misused for a bout 100 years" back when the government purchased the area during the depression.
He said erosion had rendered 60 percent of the land useless for cultivation purposes, timberland had been recklessly destroyed, and 75 percent of the inhabitants of the area were living "on or below the poverty line. "
Today, the land -- which include the popular Piedmont Wildlife Management Area --is under a multiple use program.
Malone said he and his assistants

are operating various sections of the

vast tract for timber growth and har-

vest, water conservation, stock graz-

ing, wildlife and recreational pur-

poses . He said the U. S. Forest

Service is cooperating with th e '

Georgia Game and Fish Commission

in developing the wildlife aspects of

the big forest.

Development of the delapidated

land actually got underway in 1936.

Since that year, the area has been

planted with thousands of slash and

loblolly pines , yellow poplar , Arizona.

cypress, catalpa, red cedar and

black locust.

1alone described the topography

of the land as "broken and rolling"

with many small watersheds drain -

ing into the Ocmulgee, Little, Oconee

and Apalachee Rivers, as well as

into Murder and Cedar Creeks.

He said mo st of the area contain s

a fin e textured soil and erosion has

been checked by vege tation and tr ee

planting operations . T he project

chief said current work programs call

for timber stand improvements, con-

struction a nd ma intenanc e of more

road s a nd trails , and the ~ eve lop

ment of more recreational facilities

within th e fore st.

Malone said emphasis has been

placed on the recreation prospect s

for the area by an ever increas ing

demand by the hunting, fishing and

vacationing public. He pointed out

the growing popularity of the Oconee

ational Forest partially stems from

its central location in the s tate .

The conservationist said logging

enterprize is carried out under a bid

system , with priva te loggers cutting

by s trict regulations imposed by the

forest service.

1

T he 28, 133-acre portion of th e

Ocon ee forest has headquarters in

Greensboro, with B. D. Barr serving

as project conservationist. T he ad-

ministrative unit there and the one

at Hillsboro are equipped with radio

facilities with both the Georgia

Forestry Commission and th e U. S.

Forest Service frequencies.

The two offices also maintain

lookout towers and rolling s tock

which is used for road maintenance

and fire fighting purposes.

Malone said the establishment of

the Oconee ational Forest from the

land utilization projects will not

ma terially affect the administration ,

but will simplify procedures.

The establishment of the Oconee

gives Georgia two national forests.

The other is the Chattahoochee

ational Forest, a reservation of

more than 668,000 acres in the

mountainous regions of North Georgia.

Georgia's
Small
Woodland
Ow ners
Conference
The principal need of the small woodland owner in the South is education in good forestry practices. Technical assistance, easier loan money, coordination of forestry actiVltles and more timber stand improvement are other needs mentioned by the small woodland owners at conferences held throughout the South.
James K. Vessey, Southern Regional forester , U. S. Forest Service , stated that nine public meetings were held in the fall and winter of 1958-59 to find out the wants and needs of the small woodlot owner in the South . The sessions were part of a nationwide series of which there were 26. Some 5,000 people attended of which 3,QOO participated in the southern meetings.
Georgia's 'Town Meeting', held in November of 1958, drew some 300 timberland owners. In Georgia there are 12.5 million acres of woodlots under 500 acres. Two-thirds of Georgia's woodland owners are farmers whose woodlots average 63 acres each . These woodlots owners are not producing timber at their maximum potential. Some ten million acres of Georgia woodlands need timber stand improvement work at once. That is Georgia's situation.
At present, there is a need for educational programs directed to youth groups, women's organizations , business firms employing woodland owners and through banks. The forester must go to the woodland owner and sell him on the idea

that practicing good forestry is good business.
Technical assistance is needed in in any field if the business is to be successful. According to the conference report, there are not enough foresters in Georgia available to
work with woodland owners . Land- owners need help marketing, determining site qualities and conducting proper prescribed burning.
Financially, federal land bank and private banks do make timberland loans . However, interest rates are too high for the small woodlot owner
to reach. Special longterm, low interest credit facilities are needed.
For the woodlot owner to receive the maximum benefits from any sort of planned program there must be a coordination of forestry activities.
o one person or agency can solve the small woodland problem.
Georgia's need was, essentially, a need echoed by other southern states as each held its own small woodlot session. Vessey stated that a People's problem cannot be solved until they, the people, want it solved. Then, the key to getting the total job done is the development of strong state forestry departments . From these departments must come the leadership and coordination in guiding educational efforts through local forestry councils or

committees. Local and state leadership can
define responsibilities and divide the total work-load among the cooperating a gene ies of government and private enterprize, Vessey added. Economically speaking, the present dollar will buy more in the future with coordinated effort among all concerned.
Through the statewide meetings, business leaders have been awakened to the fact that wood products have an impact on the community in which they live.
Georgia, with 193,000 small woodland owners, has a tremendous job to do in improving forest practices. If the state is to meet its fair share of future requirements, early action is needed in all phases of forestry. A population increase to 275 million by the year 2,000 will double this nation's demand for wood products . The South is expected to furnish nearly half of this demand.
Vessey pointed out that the state forest program, sponsored by the Georgia Forestry Commission , the "Pilot Forest Program" of the Southern Pulpwood Association, the Rural Development Program, sponsored by the extension service; county development committees, which exist in some states; the work of the soil conservation dis triers are examples of more coordinated effort.
The summary reports and transcribed records of the small woodlot meetings are available to the public through the state foresters, the forest supervisor, or the Regional U. S. Forest Service Office in Atlanta.
Landowner voices forest needs

Nursery To Up Quality,Lovver Costs

Ev en sowing of s ee d will produc e mor e uniform crops, more s uitable seedlings.
The Georgia Forestry Commis sion is initiating a new nursery program aimed at a high production of quality seedlings at a considerable savings to the Georgia taxpayer.
Commission Director A. R. Shirley stated that a modified soil management program is being started with the planting of the 1960 nursery crop according to seed size . Decreased seed bed densities , more effective irrigation control and root pruning, and an increased spraying program for fusiform rust round out the program.
Commission Reforestation Chief Sanford P. Darby said this program
will provide even seedling distribution in . nursery beds and uniform seedlings to Georgia landowners.
Heretofore, seed have been plant-

See d are s e parat e d according to size t o obtain uniform seedling s

ed with disregard to size . This method forced planting machines to be adjusted to the large seed which caused a variation in seed distribution. nder the new planting system, the seed are divided into thre e divisions ... large, medium and small. In plantin g, the machine opemngs are set so the small, then medium, followed by the larger seed are sown .
With seed planted in relation to size, all seed are given a n opportunity to grow at an uniform rate. Planted with larger seed , the smaller ones are usually overtopped dur-
ing the initial growing stage. Shaded, the smaller seedlings do not receive proper sunlight to grow into
healthy shippable seedlings. Oarby pointed out that cull reduc-
tion will mean fewer seeds have to be sown in order to insure a beccer quality product at a more economic production price. By using fewer seed, there will be a lesser drain on the seed supply which is normally kept at the three year level.
With uniform density in th e nursery beds , preventive treatment for damping-off and south ern fusiform rust disease can be easily applied by the nurserymen. In addition , sowing and mortality rates can be more accurately computed.
Darby added that the Commission will attempt to produce a high quality seedling having the following specifications: a top of 8 inches, a stem diameter of l / 4 inch with a fibrous root system at least 6 inches long.

All State Nurseries
To Be Used In ' 60
Seedling Production
A. R. Shirley , director of the Georgia Forestry Commission, announces that 250,000,000 seedlings will be grown in state nurseries in 1960-61. This figure , for the first time, will include a number of hardwood species. The director added that all of the Commiss ion' s six nurseries will be used in the production of the seedling crop.
Sanford P. Darby, Commission reforestation chief, pointed out that the seedling production should meet woodla nd owner needs. This is based on the production and consumption of seedlings in 1959-60, Darby said. During this period, there we re 236,389,000 seedlings lifted which included slash, loblolly, longleaf, and eastern white pine, yellow poplar and red cedar.
Slash pne will account for the largest percentage of the seedling crop followed by loblolly pine, yellow poplar, longleaf and white pine in quantity of production. Yellow poplar production is being doubled in 1960-61 because of increased landowner demand.
The hardwoods initiated in the growing program include northern red oak, sycamore, sweet gum, dogwood, swamp chestnut, bald cypress, and black walnut. A number of miscellaneous species will also be grown.

Forestry and tanks make strange "bedfellows," but at Fort Stewart, home of the Army's Armor and Artillery Firing Center, the two are proving that they can live profitably together.
The Fort Stewart military reservation, located in portions of Liberty, Bryan, Long, Evans and Tattnall Counties , comprise s some 280,000 acres. It is the largest Army installation east of the Mi ssissippi and was the first to employ a full-time professional forester.
Burley B. Luftburrow, son of Georgia's first forester, is the post forester. He is ably assisted by two young professional fore sters , Leo La mond and Jim Lusk. The three foresters head up a 20-man crew which supervises all forestry and fire control work on the hug e

post. Being a military installation,
training comes first and forestry second. With two contrasting operations being performed on the same area, problems are a dime a dozen. Trees embedded with shrapnel, pose a problem in timber utilization. The fire control unit has no holidays posted on its calendar year with the training of troops in the use of high explosiv e amunition in the form of shells, bombs , grenades and dynamite. Another log is thrown on the fire in the forms of hunters and fishermen. Some 15,000 hunts were held during the past hunting season.
Through the use of mine detectors , which proved so priceless on the battle field, the fight against lead filled trees is being won . Once the metal is located by the mine de tec -

tor, it can be easily removed from the sawlog or pulpwood bolt .
The fire control problem has been met with perhaps the largest fire equipment pool in the South, new developments in fire fighting equipment and four fire towers positioned in critical areas. The fire fighting equipment includes eight D-6 tractors and two D-4 models, two HD-11 and HD-6 tractors , and 11-fire plows. The new devi:dopments include a "V" shaped pusher or "yoke" for fire tractors , and another innovation enables a harrow to be easily transported over a concrete road and onto a heavy equipment mover. The four fire towers are located at Richmond Hill, Claxton, Pembroke and Hinesville.
Strengthening this ever-watchful system is a cooperative agreement

'
F l aming aerial targe t presents major f ire problem to Stewart fire fighters

Fire lines are reworked t o pro teet forest against flammab le underst ory.
with the Georgia Forestry Commission. Radio and telephone communications are maintained between the Commission' s tower in Bryan County and the Army' s Tower near Hinesville . T he agreement has worked

V -shaped pusher aids tractors in fire fighting

smoothly for the mutual benefit of Army and private landowners in the vicinity of Fort Stewart.
However, modern equipment is not enough to prevent forest fires. The forest growth at Fort Stewart is high ly flammable and ignites readily. The worst year being 1955 when 22,000 forest acres were charred by fire. The largest single fire burned over. 8,250 forest acres. Yet the post's average acreage loss was lower than that of surrounding areas for that year. The post' s fire loss rate from 1956 to date is less than one-half of one percent of the area under protection.
The reservation' s timber harvesting program resembles that of any other military installation in the Third U. S. Army area. At any one time during the year there are from three to twenty-five lumber contractors on the reservation. Many contractors often sub-contract their work and so the number of con tractors varies from month to month.
Timber production in past years
has averaged from $300,000500,000 in revenue annually. The residual timber, mostly slash and longleaf

pine, is valued at some $25,000,000. During the past year, the forestry section supervised the cutting of sawtimber, pulpwood, poles and piling, fence posts, pine stumps, and fuel wood. Private contractors have even purchased pine cones, straw and deer tongue.
Timber management at Fort Stewart has a rosy future because the post has the necessary prerequisites to increase its timber production to many times its present value. The government has received over three million dollars from its timber sales since the land was purchased in 1940 for $4,707,359.
Reforestation is also actively pur sued with 250,000 seedlings being planted this past year. Natural re forestation is sufficient in most areas with seedlings being used in former training or artillery impact areas.
Yes, forestry and tanks are strange ''bedfellows ,'' but at Fort Stewart they are living profitably together.
Army's mine detector locates hidden damage to Stewart's tree economy. U. S. Army photos .

Fire Control Chief Will Be Nevv Assistant Director

signation of former Commission Director Guyton DeLoach .
Dr. Hargreaves came with the Commission in 1954 as assistant to the director. In 1956, he bec ame Assistant Director in charge of administration and personnel. In this position he has coordinated all activities in the Commission seed orchards , which are used to develop superior s train s of trees. In addition, he has served as chairman of the Southeastern Section of the Society of Americ an Foresters and as president of the Georgia Forestry School Alumni Association.
A native of Pearson, Dr. Hargreaves obtained his BS degree in for es try from the University of Georgia in 1946. T he University presen ted him wi th his MS degree in forestry in 1947. He also holds a Masters in Public Administration and a PHD in Philosophy which he obtained from the University of Michigan in 1953.

Shirle y, right, congratulat e s Turn er who succee ded Hargreaves .

James C. Turner, Jr., Georgia Forestry Commission fire control chief, has been named assistant direc tor of the Commission by Director A. R. Shirley . Turner's successor has not been named.
Shirley, in naming Turner to the assistant's position, stated that he was well qualified for the job having served as chief of management, information and education and fire control divisions of the Commission . "His extensive knowledge of the Commission's organization will be an asset to the s tate and the people of Georgia," Shirley added.
Turner expressed his gratitude for the faith the Commission has placed in him by his promotion to the highly honored position. Turner said, "I will continu e to perform my duties to the be s t of my ability and offer my full support to the program conducted
by C ommission Director A. R. Shirley."
The Commiss ion fire control chief came with th e s tate in 1947 as assistant tenth district forester in Washington. In 1951, he was promoted to chief of the forest management division and, in 1954, to assistant fire control chief in Macon, Georgia. In 1956 , he was named chief of th e inform ation and education division. Turner was appointed to his present position, chief of fire control , in 1957 .
T urner received h is BS degree in forestry from the University of Georgia in 1947. T urner has served

as vice -president and president of the University of Georgia's School of Forestry Alumni Association. He is a lso a member of the Society of Ame rican Foresters.
Turner is a captain in the active Army Reserve, serving with the 425th Transportation Group. During World War II, Turner served in the Pacific Theater as a First Lt.
A member of the Presby terian Church, Turner is married to the former Jane Chapman Brooks of Washington. They have two sons, James Candler, Ill and Frank Brooks.
Ha rg re a ves Accepts
St.Regis Position
Georgia Forestry Commission Director Ray Shirley recently accepted the resignation of his assistant director , Dr. Leon A. Hargreaves, Jr. Dr. Hargreaves announced that he will serve in the Land Management Department of the St. Regis Paper Company in Jacksonville, Florida.
In accepting the resignation, Shirley said, "the Georgia Forestry Commission has suffered a great loss in the resignation of Dr. Hargreaves". "Through his outstanding services as assistant director, he has contributed in a most effective way to the building of the Forestry Commission. The director added that Dr. Hargreaves departure is in no way connected with the re-

Deloach Ends 19 Years Of State Service
H. Gu yton DeLoach Veteran forester Guyton DeLoach, director of the Georgia Forestry Commission, resigned January 8, 1960. His resignation .:ulminated some 19 years of forestry service to the state of Georgia. DeLoach, director of the Commission since June 1949, came with the Commission in 1941 as ranger of Jenkins County. In 1942, he was promoted to assistant eighth district forester. During this period he became recognized as one of the most outstanding men in the South in the field of forest fire protection . He laid the ground work for the development of our present suppression plowing equipment and methods of transporting this type of machioery. The use of radio by the

Georgia Forestry Department in connection with fire control was first used in his district.
In 1948, DeLoach became assis tant director in charge of fire contwl and assisted in bringing additional forest acreage under state protection.
Under the leadership of DeLoach the Commissiongrew from 43 forestry units, under fire protection, to 132 units composed of 147 counties, This protee tion is nationally recognized as being among the best anywhere.
DeLoach obtained his BS degree from the University of Georgia in 1939.
Other District,County
Changes Are Announced
Jerry Lanier, former ranger trainee in Emanuel County and Henry Swindell, who has served as Reforestation Assistant at Herty Nursery,

have been promoted to assistant district foresters of the First District.
Paul Bledsoe, First District assistant district forester, has been transferred to the Second District, where he holds a similar post.
Horace C. Green, former Mitchell County assistant ranger, has been promoted to Grady County Ranger to replace James E. Forsyth. Forsyth has been granted' an educational leave of absence to attend the
'university of Georgia. W. P. Davis, former assistant Pierce County ranger, has been promoted to Pierce County ranger. He replaces R. C. James who has been granted a one year leave of absence.
Alton Bowen has been promoted from assistant Houston County ran ger to Glynn County ranger. John H. Radcliffe, Jr., patrolman of the Lee County unit, has been promoted to ranger of that county replacing J. H. Stanford.

The Commission also announced the recent resignations of Johnny Loney, assistant tenth district forester, and T . G. McClendon, Henry County ranger. Replacements for the two posts have not yet been made.
Foy Barnes, Tenth District radio technician, has been transferred to the Sixth District office, and former patrolman James E . Kelly, has been elevated to Cherokee County Ranger. Andy B. Newbey has replaced Dan Hall as ranger of Dade County.
C. C. Dubberly, former Eighth District radio technician, is now wii:h the Tenth District office.
In other changes, former Assistant District Forester A. L. Kantziper has accepted a post with the Waycross State Forest; J. Reid Beasley is now Richmond County trainee, and Lanny Farr, formerly at Hightower Nursery, has replaced William M. Berry as Reforestation Assistant at Morgan Nursery.

Counties To Vie For Awards At GFA Meet

1957, 1958, 1959, 1960

The 53rd annual meeting of the Georgia Forestry Association is scheduled for Jekyll Island May 4,
5, and 6.
Highlights of the three-day session will include the crowning of "Miss Georgia Forestry" and recognizing the districts and counties for their outstanding work during the year. Harvey Brown, executive director of the Georgia Forestry Association stated that the queen's title

has been changed from "Miss Georgia Green" to "Miss Georgia Forestry" to conform with a similar title designation in a number of other state associations.
Carroll County will be vieing for an unprecedented fourth straight title in the beauty coptest. Pierce County will be defending its number one pos1t1on in the statewide general performance rating. Miss Barry Me Donald of Carrollton is the reigning

queen.
The Georgia Forestry Commission's ten district offices and 148 counties having forestry units will be after some 13 awards, 12 of which go to the counties. The outstanding county in each district, from which the best county in the state will come; best all-round district, and the county having the best fire record will receive recognition .
Plans are for the "Miss Georgia Forestry" queen to make a three-day all expense paid trip to New York City. A side trip to Washington, D. C. is also planned.
An alternate queen will be selected. She will participate in events when the reigning queen is unable to do so. The deadline for entering the beauty contest is April 28.
Any young lady, who has served in the capacity of queen for an association, industrial group, cooperative or other such organization on a state or regional level, will not be eligible to participate. However, a runner-up in such a contest or a queen on a county or forestry dis trict level may enter.
Brown added that the 'Keep Georgia Green" program is one of our greatest weapons for use in forest fire prevention and general public education. Sympathetic public opinion and support are necessary if we are to keep our forestry losses at a minimum.

Fire Report Shows Less Fires, More Acreage Burned In 1959

There were 583 less forest fires in Georgia in 1959 than during the previous year, according to figures released by the Fire Control Division of the Georgia Forestry Commission. The report showed, however, that there were 1,594 more acres burned than during 1958, despite the smaller number of occur-
ances. James C. Turner, Jr., Commission
fire control chief, explained that the average increase was justified as three new counties, were brought under protection by the Commission last year. These counties have a total of some 400,005 forest acres.
The new counties, which brings to 148 now under state protection,

include Houston, Randolph and the
lower section of Clinch. Of the more than 21 and one-half
million acres of state and privately owned forestland, now under ~>tate protection, 50,939, 70 acres were destroyed during 1959. Turner said that 6,442 fires occured during the year, and the percentage burned was .237. This compares favorably with the record low of .233 percent recorded in 1958.
The fire control chief pointed out that April was the only month in which any abnormal fire control difficulty was encountered. During
this month large fires broke out in the northwest Georgia mountains destroying 1,900 acres of woodlands

w four days. Turner said the Commission's emergency field headquarters facilities were dispatched to the scene, and men and equipment amassed from a wide area kept the forest fire losses from being larger.
The Commission's annual report showed that careless debris burning touched off 2,607 fires while incendiary burns accounted for 1,475 blazes. Smokers were responsible for an additional 1,034 fires. Those causes accounted for more than two thirds of the fires. Other wildfires stemmed from lightning, railroads, campers , lumbering operations and various miscellaneous causes.
The Commission's law enforc~ ment department investigated 1,286 fires during the year. The investigations, by investigators from the ten forestry districts and the Macon office, led to actio being taken on 284 cases of which there were 46 convictions. In addition, there are 34 cases pending action.

HARDWOOD NEWS
Education Program Initiated

The educational phase of an intensive drive to promote better hardwood management in Georgia has been launched by officials of state and federal forestry agencies and representatives of wood products industries.
The long range program opened March 16 with a two-day Hardwood Management School at Rock Eagle State Park. Foresters who attended the training session will in turn adv1se and counsel landowners and other interested persons on the techniques of sound hardwood management.
Principal instructors at the school were John A. Putnam, hardwood specialist of the Stoneville Research Center, Stoneville, Miss. ; Harold 0. Baxter, University of Georgia Extension Service, Athens ; and James F. Renshaw, U.S. Forest Service, Atlanta,
They lectured on the technical aspects of hardwood management; the importance of hardwoods in Georgia; and the expanding needs for this type wood in the state's plywood, pulp and lumber industries.
In a series of short talks by representatives of the various wood products industries in the state, the grades, species and other specifications for particular manufacturing needs were emphasized by the com-

pany spokesmen. At that time, Ruark announced
that the program was being initiated because of "an increased demand for all types of hardwood needed for pulp, veneer, lumber, furniture, cross ties and other products."
The school at Rock Eagle was concluded with a field project. Foresters and hardwood processors shown how to determine the best grades and uses of hardwoods and were instructed on selecting trees for cutting.
Dorsey Dyer, forester of the Extension Service, University of Georgia, served as chairman of the training school. Others on the planning committee for the technical short course were H. E. Ruark, director of the Georgia Forest Research Council; and Dean A. M. Herrick of the School of Forestry, University of Georgia.
The program, which is aimed at encouraging landowners to grow more and better hardwoods in soils suited to those type trees , was inidally set up last December at a meeting held at the Georgia Forestry Center in Macon.
The group appointed Harry Crown of Atlanta, regional manager of the American Forest Products Industries, to head a committee which is now planning publication of a hardwood management booklet.

Foresters Complete
First Aid Refresher
Georgia Forestry Commission personnel, representing the ten forestry districts, recently completed a threeday instructors refresher course in first aid at the Forestry Center near Macon. Harry A. Kenning, field representative for the American Red Cross in Georgia, conducted the school for the 17 foresters.
Curtis Barnes, assistant chief of fire control and state safety officer for the Commission, stated that the first aid training was initiated some three years ago, with refresher courses given three or four years. The Commission safety officer said that the instructors annually conduct first aid courses for their field per sonnel.
Kenning, who has been a first aid instructor for the ARC for 31 years, said he was "well pleased with the enthusiasm of the foresters" who participated in the training sessions. He pointed out that the refresher
courses give the 17 key i~structors
the ability to continually give upto-date instructions to forestry units , civil defense personnel, schools and other groups in their home communities. The courses are also tied in with Commission safety and fire organization planning.
Barnes added that all of the foresters are instructors in their local Red Cross Chapters.

SPCA MEETS IN ATLANTA
Forestry leaders, from Georgia to ew York, pointed out a greater ne ed for a closer relationship between industry and landowner at the recent annual meeting of the Southern Pulpwood Conservation Association in Atlanta. "To keep the public aware of forestry developments , all the facts must be presented to the grower and manufacturer of wood products ... Res earch and experience must master s uch forestry practices as planting, weed control, water-table regulations and genetics of hardwoods ...Recreation i s a field in which the tim her industry has an opportunity to demonstrate its responsibility as a 'keeper' of the forest.. .For the South to continue its economic surge, the pulp and paper industry must do a
FORESTRY SPEAKERS:

Swenning, McCaffrey
better job of pointing out that trees serve the people of the South and nation.''
These opinions were voiced to

some 500 representatives of the pulp and paper industry by a panel of outstanding speakers. They included W. A. Binns, Union BagCamp Paper Corp., Savannah; Philip A. Briegleb, Southern Forest Experiment Station, ew Orleans, La. ; Karl Bendetsen, Champion Paper Co., Hamilton, Ohio; B. L. Orell, Weye rh aeuser Co., Tacoma, Wash.; and C. B. Stauffacher, Continental Can Co., Inc., New York, N. Y.
Karl A. Swenning, director woodlands department, Scott Paper Co., Chester, Pa., was named to serve a second term as president of the SPCA. J. E . McCaffrey, vicepresident, International Paper Co., Mobile, Ala., is the incoming vicepresident.

'

VALDOSTA HOSTS SAF
Congresswoman Iris Blitch echoed the sentiments of the SPCA session in an address at the annual meeting of the Southeastern Section Society of American Foresters.
The Eighth District Congresswoman announced that the construc tion of a continuous perimeter road around the Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge was underway. She added that firebreaks , dikes, sills and other conservation work, which will protect s urrounding areas from fire and drought, will be completed in April of this year.
Some 400 professional foresters from Alabama , Georgia, and Florida also heard Mrs. Blitch express an urgent need for additional for1stry research , and greater protection of woodlands from fire , insects and diseases.
A technical session, pointing out research a ctivities and needs, was moderated by H. E . Ruark, Georgia F orest Research Council. Speaking at the session were E . V. Brender, U. S. Forest Service, Macon; Louis J . Metz, USFS, Union, S. C.; Lloyd Thorpe, Journal of Forestry, Seattle, Wash . and Herbert C. Carruth, Sowaters Paper Company, Calhoun

Metz, Ruark, Thorpe, Brender Te nn.
Donald Stevenson, Buckeye Cellu lose Corp., Foley, Ala ., was named SAF section chairman. He s ucceeded

Mrs . Blitch
Dr. Leon A. Hargreaves, Jr., assist-
director of the Georgia Forestry Commission. Other officers in elude James W. Owens, Jr., Gulf States Paper Corp., Tuscaloosa, Ala., chairman-elect; and Bob Swinford, professor at the Univers~ty ot Florida School of Fores try, Gai~>~es ville, secre tary-treas urer.

Strange Things Happen \t\

tters

"I am homesick for the smell of Georgia pine," a former resident of the Peach State wrote from a California hospital.
''I broke my hip and I am now laid up. .. would you please send me a bough of pine to remind me of my home back in my native Georgia," the lady pleaded in her letter.
A little school girl in West Virginia asked for "some live bugs that attack the trees in your state" to be used in a class project.
A man in Cincinnati, Ohio, told of buying a farm in Towns County and requested information on forestry practices in that section of Georgia before moving down south to his new home.
A college in New Jersey wanted booklets on Georgia's state tree, state flower and state bird.
Such are the request which come
into the Georgia Forestry Commission's offices here from all states in the union.
Frank Craven, chief of the Commission's Information and Education Department which strives to fulfill all the requests, said the bed-ridden lady on the west coast received a fragrant branch from a Georgia pine. He said the gentleman from Ohio had all his questions answered and pamphlets were maild to the Jersey college.
But the lass in the West Virginia mountains received a letter expressing regret that live bugs could not be sent through the mails and was asked to accept a booklet on forest insects as a substitute.
Craven said the bulk of requests concern landowners, teachers and students wanting sample bark, sprigs and leaves of Georgia trees or litera-
ture dealing with a wide range of forestry subjects.
"But in almost every mail bag

The
\&.E
Mailbag
' ' '
there is usually one unusual request," Craven said.
He told of a church in Lowell, Massachusetts, which asked for a wood sample of Georgia's state tree to be included in a cross being constructed from woods from every state. Craven promptly mailed the r.hurch pastor a block of live oak.
A Georgian stationed at an Army post in Arkansas who was pining for his native state received pine seedlings to set out on the reservation.
When the homesick soldier received the small shipment of seedlings from the Commission , he was joined by his commanding officers and other officials of the camp in a ceremony in which the Georgia trees were planted in the Arkansas soil.
Cra ven said he also recalls that a school boy in Georgia recently requested a "Prevent Forestry " poster and another wanted to know "What effect rain has on pine trees?"
A considerable volume of the incoming mail deals with requests from children interested in receiving Smokey Bear badges, conservation pledge cards and other material designed for forestry-conscious youngsters. Letters from many young men seek information on the requirements necessary to become a forest ranger.
Craven said he recently found an amusing complaint in the morning mail. A resident in a neighboring state asked why Georgia Forestry, a quarterly magazine published by the Information and Education Department, "Doesn't have any sex in it."
Although the magazine at times contains stories on pollination and articles dealing with research in forestry genetics, Craven said he is "quite sure our disgruntled reader had something else in mind."

Dear Mr. Lane :
A few hours ago we passed the ashes of Fellowship Church. We were again reminded of those who left their homes and firesides on Christmas Eve to fight that fire. But for the Stewart County's efforts, the whole neighborhood might have mrned. Just knowing you were there !Yas a comfort to us that night.
Please accept our personal and humble gratitude. I believe this is the attitude, of the entire community. Thank you.
Sinc e rely,
The Billie Moore's Moore's Nursery
Dear Mr. Mann:
This is an account of the service your Douglas County unit gave me recently.
I c a lled the county unit at Douglasville and asked Mr. Mann for the use of his tractor. I wanted to use it to plow a fire break on my woodlands near the Chatta hoochee River off route 92. When asked when I would be there, I told him I was leaving horne at once.
Some two minutes after my arrival at the woodlot, the machine arrived. The tractor-operator followed me through the woods and back with the tractor. The fire break was plowed in about 25 minutes. In addition, I was given sage adv ice on how to handle the situation.
This sort of service is amazing to me. If the entire Forestry Department operates the way chose Douglas County men did, even the immortal Stonewall Jackson would welcome you without question. That's the sort of service one dreams about.
R espectfully,
Lonnie B. McTyre
De ar Mr. Jon e s:
I have started setting our my pines. I see it not only as a profitable but also a s a most interesting hobby.
At the time you went over my woodlot, we noticed there were some areas that c ould be thinned. I do not want to cut anything without your assistance. However, I would like to cur some .pulp wood, then sell it to a pulp wood dealer by the cord. I noticed on my last trip that there are a few open spaces that I plan to set out this year.
It is gratifying to ride through Georgia a nd see it becoming more beautiful throug h organized forestry. Indeed B!eckley County is most fortunate to have you. The results of your work is very obvious. I hear many fine reports of your accomplishments . With best regards, I am
Sincere ly,
Mrs. M. L. M. Nun e z

L o g g 1 n g the foresters ...

Twiggs Ranger Har old Watkins stands beside a miniature fire t ower on the front lawn of the unit's ] effe rs onville headquar ters. The unique display, fas hioned from st ee l rein fo rc ement and welding rods, was built by Assistant Ranger Dan Ha sty.
CONSERVATION AWARD ... George M. Kyle , U. S. F orest Service, Atlanta, is one of ten professional conservationists to receive the national conservation award for 1959. The award is given by the American Motors Corp. for outstanding work in resource conservation. Kyle was nominated for the a ward because of his efforts in calling attention to the dangers , of insecticides used in several southern states in control of the imported fire ant, to humans and wildlife. The award presentation was made March 4 at the ational Wildlife Federation Convention in Dallas.
IN MEMORIAM... The Georgi a For estry Commission extends its deepest sympathy to Carl I. Peterson in th e death of his wife. Peterson is State Forester of Tennessee.

Macon Mayor Wilson tries out musical ~ree planter as Councilwoman Abney, Municipal Airport Manager Wilson and S. P. Darb y examine sam ples of red c edar planted on airport property. An air-horn, signalled the

interval for dropping the seedlings . NEW FOREST SCHOOL ...Tht: Toombs

County Forestry Unit is aiding the FFA chapter of Toombs Central High School in forestry projects on a newly-created school forest. Planting, thinning, hardwood control and timber cruising will be conducted on the ten acre plot. Union Bag-camp
Paper Corp. and the Georgia Vo-Ag Department established the forest.

Hank Langley, Tenth Dis trict pilot, is as handy with a paint brush as he is with a Piper Cub. Langley, here shown work ing on plywood Smokies for use in special displays, also handles much of the Commission sign painting.

SCHOLARSHIP AWARDS ... The Con tinental Can Company will award two
forestry scholarships to two outs tanding high s chool graduates from Northeas t Florida, Georgia or Western South Caroli:na . These. scholar ships will be $4,000 each for fow years s tudy in forestry. This is the seven th consecutive year the Com pany has offered scholarships in states where the Company operates or owns timberlands. The s cholarships were previously awarded in the name of Gair Woodlands Corp. which recently merged with Con tinental Can Company.

Two hundred and fifty science students of Macon's McEvoy High recently toured the Georgia Forestry Center. The gir ls, who were transported to the Center in five school buses, represented th e larg est single group ever to visit the facilit y.

Georgia

Entered as second class matter at the Post Of fice, Macon, Georgia

Eliminate Your Wood Problems! Like our early airmen, you too can fly high on a sound wood (s) platform . If your finances are grounded by low-ceiling income, low-income forests may be your problem. Proper planting, protection, and harvesting can get your pocketbook off it's back and off the ground.