Georgia forestry, Vol. 12, no. 3 (Sept. 1959)

GEORGIA FORESTRY

Vol. 12 September, 1959 No.3
Published Quarterly by the GEORGIA FORESTRY COMMISSION
Box 1183 Macon, Georgia Guyton DeLoach, Director

Members, Board of Commissioners:

C. M. Jordan, Jr., Chairman A lama

Andrew J. Aultman

Sylvester

Oscar S. Garrison

Homer

John M. McElrath

Macon

Alexander Sessoms

Cogdell

Georgia Forestry is entered as second class matter at the Post Office under the Act of August 24, 1912.
Member of the Georgia Press Association.

Frank Craven

Editor

DISTRICT OFFICES
GEORGIA FORESTRY COMMISSION
DISTRICT !-Route 2, Statesboro
DISTRICT II-P. 0. Box 26, Camilla
DISTRICT III-P. 0. Box 169, Americus
DISTRICT.IV-P. 0. Box 333, Newnan
DISTRICT V-P. 0. Box 328, McRae
DISTRICT VI-P. 0. Box 505, Milledgeville
D ISTRICT VII-Route 1, Rome
DISTRICT VIII-P . 0. Box llfiO, Waycross
DISTRICT IX-P. 0. Box 416, Gainesville
DISTRICT X-Route 3, Washington

tJ/lUMfHg the N ews
Trash Fire s Are Too Common
(From the Dalonhega Nugget)
Almost everyone in suburban and rural areas burn trash or leaves or derbi s these days. And these fo lk s a re the ones who least expect to start a field or forest fire. Consequently, backyard burners often don't take the needed precautions; safety measures they'd take if they were burning off a fie ld or forest floor. Thus, we have too many wild fires s tarting from trash burning.
The following precautions should be taken: First, don' t bum on a windy day. When you do burn, use a safe tr a sh burner , keeping the incinerator away from inflammable mat erial, such as brush, gras s or woodlands. Above all, stay around with the neccessary h an d fire fi ghting tool s, such as rakes and water, until the fire is dead out. Fires sneak aw ay from us when we leave the burning site for a minute to have lunch, ans wer the phone or get a glass of water.
Nature Re ceives A Needed Assist
(From the McDuffie Progress)
The stake McDuffie County citizens, and c1t1zens everywhere, have in our growing forests has finally been recogni zed and now a long-range effort is being made to protect and expand this natural resource .
Mother Nature, in all her genius and mys tery, c annot protect and expand our forests at the rate they are being destroyed by fire , poor management, and other faulty human practices which could be prevented.
The Forestry Plot, recently acquired by th e McDuffie County Board of Education through the sponsorship of the Trus t Company of Georg ia, will go a long way towards helping to overcome the prac tic e s which in the pa s t, have made our forests a vanishing part of the American sce ne.
The 9.9 acres of land near Thomson to be used in te a ching agricultural
boys at the local high school the fundamentals of approved forest man agement practices will help to insure future generation s a p lenti fu l supply of trees and their many products which go to provide a better way of life for us all.
'Plan Before Yo u Bu r n'
(From the Rome News-Tribu,Je)
Although it's been in effect two years now, Georgia's "Notifi catio n of Intent to Burn" law goes unheeded in many instances. This is the law th at requires anyone planning to clear land, destroy brush, trash, etc., by burning, to notify the County Forest Fire Protection Unit.
When they know of such planned fires, Forestry Com missio n p erso nn e l are able to assist in controlled burning, advise on precauti ons a nd reco rd fi res to avoid confusion and false alarms.
As a result of careless burning so far this year, there have been 91 fore st fires in Floyd County, burning over 1,365 acres. These fi res s till a re u nder
investigation. The notification law is not intended to inconvenience property owners but,
rather, to help them protect valuable forest resources. Its violation is a misdemeanor and persons found guilty of evading it can be fined up to $1,000 and jail sentences.
But, fines and jail sentences are not what the Forestry Commission wants. The rangers want to avoid damaging fires and property loss to individuals and they're willing to help as long as they have public cooperation.
Take their advice: "Plan before you burn and call the Forestry Commlss wn office."

raining School St

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Old plot location pen-pointed by survey crew

A survey of Georgia forest resources was started in August with a two week Forest Survey Training School at Camilla. Mackay B. Bryan of the Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, U. S. Forest Service, Asheville, North Carolina, who is in charge of the inventory, con...
ducted the school. Personnel were given instructions for establishing sample plots and collecting and recording field data. Definitions of terms and the specifications for various tree and plot classifications as well as becoming
familiar with field organization, equipment, and safety problems were covered in the two week session.
The cruising will be done by one or two man crews consisting of a chief and a measurer. The survey crews work in groups of two or more crews. The crew chief

of the group is 1n charge of the general planning of the work, directing crews from one temporary headquarters to another, assisting the field supervisor in follow-up training, obtaining ownership data and editing field records ..
The survey, conducted by U. S. Forest Service personnel, with additional backing of the Georgia Forestry Commission, Research Council and Forestry Association, is a two year project that will cost more than $300,000. The Forest Service will contribute $209,000 and the Forestry Commission. and Research Council $50,000. Industry is exoected to provide an additional $44,000. The supporting organizations have the choice of furnishing men or money.
The inventory, scheduled to be completed in 1961, will enable a measurement of trends in land use and timber by size, species, and types of timber on
ts Forest Survey
various sites to be compared with the last forest survey , held in 1951 -53. The inventory is divided into five geographical units: coastal plain, one and two; Southern piedmont, three; :>Jorthern piedmont, four; and mountains and foothills, five.
The southwestern section of the coastal plain has been designated as the starting point with the southeastern section of the coastal plain slated to be surveyed from December 1, to July 1, 1960. Rounding out the inventory schedule, is the Southern piedmont, July 1, 1960 to January 15, 1961; Northern piedmont, January 15 -May 1, 1961; and the mountains and foothills, May 1 August 1, 1961. The published report will be released four months after completion of the field work.
Witness tree marke d, me as ured f or future reference

Tree seed from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of ~1exico are being tested for quality and growth rate at the brand new Region 8 Tree Seed Testing Laboratory of the U. S. Forest Service at the Georgia Forestry Center.
T. F. Swofford is director of the $210,000 brick, glass, and steel building which was financed three-fourths by federal funds and one-fourth by the state. Dr. M. C. Carter of the USFS heads seed research at the new installation.
The state-federal co-operative operation is financed entirely from the seed testing charges, which are held to an absolute m1n1mum, Swofford said. The customers are billed at the end of each year according to the cost divided by the number of test made. In the past, this has averaged out to $12 per test.
The seed tests have increased from 100 in 1954 to 1,105 in 1957, Swofford said , estimating that 70 percent of the entire current tree seedling production in the United States was dr a wn from data furnished by the lab. The lab, which runs tests on all species of pine, in addition to twenty different conifer species, expects to run 1,100 seed tests in 1959-60. In comparison, 834 tests were

Seed
Research Laboratories
-. __ _....,

J
Tec hnicians s tudi es mean bett er fo res t s jor t he f uture
Seed grou ,th obs erve d in refrigeratio n unit f)eed are deu.' inge d, s e parat e d by ue ig ht

Laboratory Serves Eastern U. S.
S eed 'T es tin g Laboratories

made in 1958-59 The new lab has faci lities for testing 1,700 seed lots simul-
tanSewooufsfloyr.d added that the reduction in tests last year was due to the over-
production of seed in 1957. Phys1cally the lab has a service test-
ing and research lab; tWO cold storage rooms, one for breaking seed dormancy and one to store samples for future study ; five germination rooms; and a delicate instrument, storage, equipment and service testing finishing rooms. A cromo-
tography room, where the chemical makeup of any substance used, by sensitized pap. can be discoveted, will be teady in about three monthS. Offices and a reception room are included in the lab.
Under controlled conditions, tree seed are tested at the laboratory to determine the quantity and quality of seedlings they will produce when planted in the field. Tests reveal the density that
seed must be planted to get the number of seedlings desired per nursery bed; percentage of germination; purity percentage; number of seed per pound; moisture content; and full seed percent-
ageT.he basic research conduct ed a t th e lab gives the technician s the re asons for certain reactions but a re not for spec i fi c application. At prese nt , re search i s

Neu facilitie< enable t echnicians to test !700 seed lots simultaneous /; bein g cau ied out on testing and compntison of nutse<Y field techniques methods of bteaking seed dotmancy, conttol of insects in ,elation t o seed, seed and cone handling stotage, seed exttaction methods, and bit
a nSd wrodffeontdt reinpdeilcleant et dtrethatamt etnhte. lab would be testing a\l coni fe<OU s see lot the eastetn half of the U. S. within five yeatS- At pte sent, Atkansa Flot ida, Geotgia, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, >lichigan, >li osissipp South Catalina and Tennessee utilize the lab's facilities. >laine a New Hampshite have alteady indicated theit intetest in using the n
facilities as well as ne seed custometS which include ditect seede new seed dealetS, and state nutSeties in Tennessee, Illinois, a
Michigan.

With the up-swing of Georgia forest fire losses in 1959, Georgia courts, through public demand, have begun to clamp down on fire law violators, according to Bob Gore, Chief Investigator for the Georgia Forestry Com-
m!SS!On.
Gore added that this is the first year that fire violators have been prosecuted under the Notification of Intention to Burn County Option Law. The law was passed by the 1956 General Assembly.
Through July of 1959, district law enforcement officers made 42 cases; in which there were 25 convictions. In addition, there are 31 cases pending action. Of the total cases, ten were in violation of the 'no burn law.' Four of the convictions were connected with the 'county option law.' The maximum sentence given was eighteen months to a Gilmer County man for maliciously setting fires. Another man was fined $200 in Appling County for violation of the Notification to Burn Law.
Gore stated that with the fall fire season upon us, all means will be used to cut down a repeat of the fire losses suffered this spring through carelessness and malicious burning.
As of August 1, there were 148 counties under forest fire protection. Of these, 90 counties had passed the ' no burn law,' while initial passage by the grand jury effected six counties and is pending action by the second grand jury before becoming law. There are 52 other counties that are expected to receive the law for passage for the first time in the near future. The law is intended to prevent forest fires which might be started by uncontrolled burning for clearing lands.

Safety, Law Enforcement Programs Tip Scales

The Georgia Forestry Commission' s vehicle and accident and injury frequency rate is well below the National Safety Council average for the trucking industry and all industries respectively.
Forestry Commission Safety Officer, Curtis S. Barnes , said the 1958 Commission accident rate, number of accidents per 100,000 miles driven, was .64, as compared to 1. 50 for the National trucking average. Barnes stated that the Forestr y Commission vehicles were involved in 29 accidents, covering 4,552,868 miles driven.
The National injury frequenc y rate average, number of working days lost per 1,000,000 hours worked, was 740.0 as compared to 89.6 for the Commission. There were 72 injuries, 28 of which were disabling, in 1,769,004 working hours, for comparison, the lumbering industry had a

rate of 2826.0, and the communications industry, the low score of 70.0.
The tenth district led in the number of vehicle accidents with seven and the eighth district in the number of injuries with 15. The best accident record was made by the third district with one. The sixth, seventh, and ninth districts had the least number of injuries with four each.

Tree farm Prestige

Escapes to Florida

WANTED . . .279,430 acre s more t o be placed in the Georgia

Tree Farm Program by December 31, 1959.

R EWARD.

.A better Georgia Forestry Program. . . Beat

Florida out o/ first place. . . R egain our los t forestry pre stige .

Erle T. Newsome, Jr., Chairman of the Georgia Tree Farm

Committee, states that Georgia is now playing second fiddle to

Florida in their race to put 5,000,000 acres in Tree Farms by

December 31, 1959. Florida has 4,916,459 acres to Georgia's

4,720, 570 acres. During 1959, Florida has gained 65,000 acres

in the farm race. Newsome adds that there are countless Georgia farmers

who are not receiving proper recognition. It your crop is

tree~, and you are protecting your woodland s from fire ,

over-grazing , i:-~sects and dise a se; following practices in

harvesting trees that wi ll a ss ure continuing production o f

commercial forest crops; and planting trees on idle acres and lands not suited to other crops; you are a Tree Farmer, Newsome said.
The words 'Tree Farm ,' when applied to a piece of privately-owned forestland means the landowner has been publicly recognized for doing an outstanding job in managing his woodlands for the continuing growth of forest crops for commercial purposes.
For woodlands to be certified as Tree Farms, they must be inspected by a qualified forester and approved by the Georgia Tree Farm Committee. If the woodlands are~ not up to the qualification set up by the Committee, the qualified forester will advise the landowner on the proper steps to take to bring his farm up to the standards set.
The Tree Farm Program in Georgia is operated by the Georgia Forest Industries Committee and sponsored by the American Forest Products Industries, Inc. The Georgia Forestry Commission and other government agencies operating forestry programs within the state give their full cooperation.

Given
Seed !Computer

A Georgia-developed tree seed planting computer received international recognition this summer at the 12th International Seed Te~ting Convention in Oslo, Norway. The computer is used to figure the number of seed which must be planted in tree nurseries to get the number of young trees desired.
A United States delegate presented the Swofford Tree Seed Computer to the global meeting. The computer was developed at the U. S. Forest Service Region 8 Seed Testing Laboratory at Macon by Lab Director Thomas F. Swofford.
The computer, adjusted to the needs of the tree species commonly produced in the Southern United States, is already in use in the South. Swofford is now developing additional scales which can be applied to species which have varying numbers of seed per pound.
Nurserymen tell the seed lab the tree seedling density and survival they want in their nursery beds. The seed analyst, with the use of a seed counter, plants 100 seed of the species in question in a foot square, soil-filled plastic container.
The seed are chen watered and allowed to grow. The growth results provide information on seed germination, purity, size and survival. The information is then entered on the circular slide rule for final, large-scale computation.
The computer has fixed inner and outer scales and ro-

Inf ormatio n for comfJUter pruu ided b) see d {!.TOll th dat a

eating di a ls on which the germination , purity, survival

and s eed percentage information is entered.

Swo fford sai d that the new scales, being designed for

for the Northern and Western species, will be able to

measure seed the pound.

that range from The Southern

200 000 to 4 see'd range

0f0r~0m0011s,e0e0d0

to
to

25,000 seed per pound. The major change in the scales

will be in th e seed pe r pound dial where the seed wi II

al s o be measured w ounces. All other dia l s will remain

th e same .

Southeastern Forest Fire Compact Commission personnel from eight southern states conducted an emergency forest fire fighting exercise near Eatonton August 17 - 20 . The states included Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virgrnr a .
Commission personnel from the Macon headquarters, all ten district offices, numerous county forestry units, and federal personnel battled a simulated 10,0001 acre forest fire on private and Federal Land Utilization Project property in ] asper, Putnam, and Jones County.
Emergency field headquarters were set up on the LU Project approximately ten miles southwest of Eatonton. The men slept at the Rock Eag le 4-H Center near Eatonton and ate there or at a field kitchen set up at the 'fire' scene.
Simulated problems, such as spot fire, equipment failures, and personnel InJuries were thrown in to block the efforts of the fire fighters rn putting the 'blaze' dead-out. However, more than 180 men, 50 truck s, 14 fire suppression tractors and four aircraft were enough to overcome the hazards.
The r.1en were able to keep pace with the 'flames' that at times endangered farm homes and buildings, through the efforts of scouts and air lift operations. Scouts, furnished by the USFS Headquarters at Hillsboro, led the fire crews who were unfamiliar with local terrain, to vantage points on the 'fire line.' The fact th a t these crews were able to cope with the problems as they arose, was attributed to the air-life oper atwns which provided food, fuel, tractor parts , and specialized tools a s th ey we re needed. Helicopters were al so used in removing the injure d.

Southern States Atte11

\ttad j1/an disc ussed as fie ld personnel are eq uipt1 ed for battle

Efficient communication system dispatches prompt aerial aid to 'injured' firefighter

::Jold

Fire

Exercise

The 'fire' problem, which began as an average 'fire' flare-up and ended with blow-up conditions, s t arted near Wi ll ard about six miles west of Eatonton. When discovered, t he 'blaze' had developed into a 100 acre 'fire'. Unfavorable weather conditions and the head start of the 'fire' (investigation
proved that the 'fire' was started by illegal deer hunters who were hunting at night and out of season) prevented county unit personnel from bringing the 'hot' flames uncle r control. District equipment arrived on the scene with 300 acres destroyed and high winds making applied control methods ineffective. The need for all available state equipment was seen immediately as the 'blaze' developed into a 'blow-up' fire. The elements, breakouts of new fires, and equipment failures necessitated putting out a call for help from other southern states to bring the blow-up 'fire' under control.
After the last smoldering ember was put out, it was estimated that 10,000 acres of timber had been destroyed in addition to the loss of wddlife and destruction of the soil which is immeasurable in dollars
and cents. Commission equipment included three air patrol
planes, the TBM fire retardent chemical bomber, a helicopter, numerous two-way pack radios, 25 trucks, nine fire suppression tractors and their transport trucks, one field kitchen, a bus to carry observers and other maintenance equipment. Florida provided the mobile fire headquarters, a power wagon tanker, and a light tractor unit. South Carolina furnished three light tractor units. Alabama provided two light tractor units.
S. D. Beichler, USF\S, Atlanta, and co-ordinator of the entire SSFFCC program was chief umpire. Com-
mission Fire Control Chief]. C. Turner, Jr., Macon,
served as fire line boss on the exercise. Lester Lundy, Commission General Scrvi<.e~ Chief, .\lat.on, was service boss. Curtis Barnes, Commission A-::;sistant Fire Chief, ~lacon, was service umpire.

Industry provides increasing market for low grade, pulp-size hardwood; stimulates interest in harduood management

Hardwood Management

AMust For Full Forest

Production In Georgia
By W. H. McComb

Ainsworth, Belvin see brighter hardu'ood future through develof of hardwood neusprint at 1/erty Laboratories

Georgia's 'forest factory' is operating at half throttle

bec ause her hardwood resources have not been properly

developed. With 57.7 percent of the commercial forest

land in pine production, hardwoods have been left to pro-

duce without man's help.

Outside of the National Forests, selectively marking

hardwoods for harvesting and other good forest-ry prac-

tices have been almost non-exi s t an c. Years of remov-

ing the best qualicv trees and leaving low grade or cull

trees have reduced most of Georgia's high yieldi ng hard\\ ~d area co producing high yields of low value or worth-

Ie s

r 1 \\ood. ln some cases, it will be necessary to

completely H.g"neratc the stand.

The lack of a market for low quality and pulpwood-size

hardwood probably has been the greatest drawback to good hardwood management. A landowner is usually willing to improve his pine stand by removing certain low quality or over-crowded pine when it can be done profitably. However, he is not so willing to invest five to fifteen dollars per acre in removing undesirable hardwoods to improve hrs hardwood stand in order to realize a profit some years hence. This is not unusual as there was also not much pine management being practiced until the advent of the use of pine for pulp and paper. With seven percent of the pulpwood production in the state last year being hardwood and increased use in the future being almost a certainty, there should be <t boom in the management of hardwoods.

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Manufacture of ski bolts is one of many varied us es of high quality Georgia l}ardwood.

The key to growing hardwoods profitably is to grow high quality trees of a merchantable species. In any business, the higher quality products reap the higher prices. However, this is truer in hardwood than in pine. The best grade of hardwood is worth much more than the best grade of pine, but in most cases there is no market for low grade h ardwood.
Georgia has almost 250 species of trees of which all are hardwood except fifteen. The many species of hardwoods have such a variety of wood properties that they are most versatile in their usage. Different from pine is the fact that usually slow growing, close grain pine produces the best quality wood whereas the faster th e growth of hardwood the better the quality of wood.
Good quality, fast growing hardwoods are more exacting in their requirements of moisture and soil, although some species of hardwood will survive and exist under the poore st conditions.
Fortunately, there is no conflict of pine versus hard-

wood as each requires its particular conditions of site. In general, areas which will grow high yielding, good quality hardwoods such as moist, but well-drained bottomlands and coves should be managed for hardwood. All other areas should be managed for pine.
The best way to find out what should be grown for the greatest economic return is to get the aid of a private consultant or of a public forester.
Although there is some good research being done on how to grow and utilize hardwoods, there is a lot to be learned. The development of hardwood newsprint by the famed Herty Foundation at Savannah opens a new field for several heretofore valueless Southern hardwoods. The foundation also has under study for the conversion to pulp hackberry, elm, willow, and various gum species. However, if Georgia's forest owners wood use what is already known about growing hardwood, Georgia's largest producing plant, its forest ,could begin operating at full blasr.

Hardwood markets leave opening for future growth

'
.~lore bigh grade bardu o od nee d e d in Georgia f ore s t s

An 'open air' pine cone holding shed has been constructed by the Georgia Forestry Commission at the Forestry Center to improve cone curing operations, Commission Director, Guyton DeLoach announced.
The completion of the 35,000-bushel-capacity building centralizes all pine seed processing at the center and should result in higher quality seed for Commission tree nurseries, DeLoach said. The pine cone drying kiln and pine seed extractor plant are located next to the shed.

the seed to maintain high germination potential . The cone drying kiln can process all cones collected,
but not at the rate the cones are delivered. The cones are collected from Middle and West Georgia . The kiln dries at the rate of 30,000 bushels per month. The cones not being dried in the kiln will be placed in wooden , wire bottom racks in the shed. The racks, which have a capacity of six to eight bushels, will be stacked 12 high.

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The p1ne con e s hed will eliminate the use of tobacco warehouses in Baxley, Vidalia and Statesboro and two older cone sheds at the Center. One shed will be given to the Georgia Forest Research Council and the other will be used to store cone collection field equipment. More tha n 5,000 racks, costing $ 15 , 000, will be used in the $27,000 shed. Commissi on Reforestation Chief Sanford P . Darby estimated that the new cone facility will save the s t at e approxi mat ely $ 10,000 annually in rent and personnel.
A fork lift opera tor, two laborers for loading cones into the cone racks and ten men, to operate the cone drying kiln and s eed extractor plant are needed to man the 22, 000 sq. ft. shed. Previously , the operation has required si x to eigh t e mploy ee s just to turn the cones to keep them from mo ulding, in addition to the above mentioned employees.
The open air storage shed enables cones to dry out more qui ckly than in the warehouses where cones hold their moisture over long periods of time. Thi s causes a germin a t ion loss up to 16 percent in four months. Less handling and faster kiln drying operations will enable

Darby s aid approximately 50,000 bushels of cones, 40,000 sla sh and 10,000 loblolly, will be collected by contractors chosen on a bid basis by the Reforestation Department.
At present, the Co mmis s ion h a s 116 ,282 pounds of seed, three year supply, prov.ided that 250,000,000 seed are pl an t ed per year. Darby stated that it is necessary to keep a large supply on hand since pines do not produce a cone crop every year.
The co ntractors are J. W. Cullens, Vidalia; Ernest Hinson , Baldwi n; and Tom Reimer, Albany. The cone collection area is divided into seven zones. Zone one includes Emanuel, Jenkins, Candler, and Bullock Counties . Zone two is Toombs, Montgomery, Treutlen, and Wheeler. Zone three includes Dodge and Laurens Counties. Zone four consists of Coffee, Wilcox, Ben Hill, Irwin, Telfair, and Jeff Davis Counties. Zone five is Troup, Meriweather, Pike Heard, Coweta, Carroll, and Fulton Counties while zone six includes Putnam, Hancock, Jones , Baldwin, Washington, Bibb, Twiggs, and Wilkinson. Taylor, Marian, Sumter, and Schley Counties comprise the seventh zone.

Aultman Selection Heads Roster Changes

Aultman, Sessoms, DeLoach watch IBM in action
Andrew J. Aultman, prominent Worth County landowner and farmer, was recently named to the Georgia Forestry Commission by Governor Ernest Vandiver,
A native of Sy Ivester and a life-long resident of Georgia, Aultman graduated from Mercer University and also obtained an LLB degree from the Macon school. A member of the Georgia Bar Association, he has devoted his life to managing his family's property in Worth and Turner Counties.
Rufus H. Page, wood technologist for the U. S. Forest Service and the Georgia Forestry Commission, has been promoted to Assistant Chief of the Division of Forest

Utilization Research, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Asheville, N. C.
Paul Bois, technologist with the Southeastern Station, succeeds Page. Bois, a graduate in wood utilization from Michigan State, worked at the Forest Products Lab in Madison, Wisconsin for over five years in gluing, laminating and wood particle board research.
At the Forestry Center, William Kellam, former Commission I & E Assistant, is now Assistant Public Relations Officer of Bow aters Southern Paper Corporation, Calhoun, Tennessee. Former Reforestation Assistant Roy S. Cole became the Clarke-Oconee County Ranger. Former Washington district radio technician Albert Young is now with the Georgia Game and Fish CommiSSion. Past Coffee-Atkinson County Ranger trainee Walter R. Batchelor is Assistant District Forester Management at Waycross; while Lowndes County Ranger II trainee Bennie B. Brant is now Assistant District Forester Fire Control at Milledgeville.
New county rangers include Rowe T. Wall, Randolph; Coke E. Rogers, Houston; Morgan Gary Rogers, Glynn; Terrell Brooks, Fulton; Robert Paulk, Ware; Archie R. McEuen, Liberty. All six are University of Georgia graduates. Eugene Dockery is a Ranger II trainee in Consolidated TPO. He attended Western Carolina College in North Carolina.
Two former rangers, Robert B. Hellams, Jr. and Leo W. Lorenzo have rejoined the Commission at the Waycross District Office and Lowndes County respectively.

Improved Ag-Lumber
Practices Are Goal
Of Fall Conferences
Conferences aimed at keeping Georgia in the forefront of the agriculture and l11mbering .in dustry are being held throughout the state. The more recent ones dealt with soil and water conservation with additional meetings in the fall scheduled on new developments in the lumbering industry.
The Georgia Forestry Commission has pledged their support to the Georgia Association of Soil and Water Conservation in bringing about a more effective Soil and Water Conservation Program, announced Commission Director, Guyton DeLoach.
T. G. Scott, Jr., president of the Association, stated they had no funds in which to aid farmers in applying good conservation practices to their farms. It is only through the cooperation of other agricultural agencies that the application of proper soil and water conservation principles can be applied to the farms of our state, Scott said.
Representatives of eight agricultural agencies were members of a panel that appeared recently in the five Soil Conservation Districts to discuss the co-ordination of all agricultural agencies toward an effective

Soil and Water Conservation Program. The agencies ir1cluded the :\gricultural Extension
Service, Georgia Forestry Commission, Agriculture Stabilization and Conservation, Vocational Agriculture, Farmer's Home Administration, Georgia Game & Fish Commission and Georgia Experiment Stations.
Sawmill conferences to acquaint sawmillers with new developments in machinery and seasoning of lumber will be held at five Georgia Lumber companies in October, announced Rufus H. Page, Forest Products Technologist, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Asheville, N. C.
The meetings are tentatively scheduled for October 13 Thompson Lumber Companr, Ailey: 14, Mathis Lumber Company, Twin City: 15, Del-Cook Lumber Company, Adel: 20, J. S. Gainer Lumber Company, Covington: and 21, Addison-Burt Lumber Company, Washington.
Forced air drying's place in an intergrated operation, economic implications and limitations of chip saws and what they are, air-drying practices that reduce degrade losses, and sawmill care and maintenance will be discussed.
The subjects will be presented by Page; Paul J. Bois, technologist for the Georgia Forestry Commission and the U. S. Forest Service; J. T. Griffin, \X'ellsGriffin Lumber Company; Bill Bridges and Lawton Holland, Simonds Saw and Steel Company; Parks Brewer, Buckeye Cellulose Corporation; and Joseph R. Saucier, technologist, Georgia Forestry Commission and U. S. Forest Service.
A tour of the host mill will conclude each conference.

Forestry Ac:lministrator...'Chute Rigger

Bishop repacks us ed 'chut es
"Say, rigging th ose par achut e shrouds looks mighty c omplicated. You must be an aircraft mech anic."
" o, I just do this to help the Fire Control Division. I'm in business admini s trati on. "
The above exchange is true . Geo rge Bishop, Chi e f of

the Administration Division of the Georgia F orestty Commission, is the unoffici al chief of cargo parachute shroud rigging at the Georgia Forestry Center.
Forestry Commission cargo parachutes rigged by exparatrooper Bishop have dropped food and supplies on actual fires and Forestry Commission training exercises.
Bishop parachutes were used this month on the big South-wide emergency forest fire problem in Putnam County . Food, water and supplies were dropped to fore s try personnel on the simulated ' fire' line.
The u s e of cargo drops from light fixed wing aircraft or helic opters speeds the delivery of necessities to points which cannot be reached easily by vehicle or on foot.
Bishop learned his parachute rigging during World War II as a member of the 82nd Airborne Division. He served in North Africa as a chief warrant officer, after receiving his basic training at Fort Benning.
Fire Control Chief, ] . C. Turner , Jr., asked Bishop to take over the 'chute' rigging, which he has done, thus saving the state the considerable sum th at commercial riggi ng would cost.

Divining Rod Takes
To Water Like Duck
Satellites and geiger counters have made the Twentieth Century th e Technologic al Age, but a ll man's mechanic al achievements haven ' t repl aced, or explained, the diving rod.
Greene-Taliaferro Count y Forest Ranger, H. E. Moore of Greensboro, is an exponent and practitioner of this ancient method of locating underground water. He has located water at his home and forestry unit, at the Oglethorpe Forestry Unit, and at other points in Greene C ounty.
Moore, who learned the art fr om the l a te Herbert Graham of Greene Coun ty, is going to find wa ter for two other Tenth District Units - Columbia and Lincoln.
R ange rs Lonnie Mo rris and Bill Partridge have asked Moo re 's aid a fter witnessing a n impromptu demonstration of his talents recently at the Richmond County Forestry Uni t.
Moore cut a forked stick from a wi ld cherry tree, sharpened the end to make a point and grasped an end of each prong in each hand. He held the branches tightly with his palms up. His thumbs pulled agai nst the ends of the fork to push the prongs open.
Then Moore walked about the grounds of the forestry unit, holdin g the branch straight o ut. Suddenly the poi_nt moved down wa rd. It kept droppin g until it had desc ribed an arc of 90 degrees and pointed straight at the ground. "Do it again," a skeptic insi sted.
The doubter placed hi s hand un der the point a nd felt the stick pushing down. Moore ' s h a nds we re not moving .
After th e point had moved dow n again, Moore opened his hands. They were red from the pressure he exerted

Morris, Partridge w atch Moore and divining rod at work
on the prongs, yet white streaks showed on his fingers a nd both palms from the friction of the turning prongs .
Moore said that three dry wells over 100 feet deep had been drilled at the Oglethorpe Forestry Unit before he went over and 'divined' water on the first try.
Oglethorpe Ranger ] ohn Buckman of Lexington was alre ady a believer in 'divining' because his father used the method successfully long ago . Moore said that Mr. Graham found countless wells in Greene County.
Moo re can't explain why he has the 'power' and others don't . Mr. Grah am told him it was a ma tter of 'believing.' There are plenty of scoffers around, but none of them can explain the stick's movement or the subsequent discoveries of water.
CA YOU?

ACHIEVEM ENT AWARD . . . The Reigel Textile Corporation has been awarded a certificate of outstanding achievement in reforestation and fire control by the Chatooga Co. Forestry Unit of the Georgia Forestry Commis~ion. The award, was presented to Reigel's Faem lvianager L. C. 'Sadd' Dalton by Ranger J. B. White. Since the planting of 90,000 acres, in the 195455 season, the reforestation program has grown to 1,175 acres growing some 1,200,000 trees.
GEORGIA TOPS IN PULPWOOD .... Georgia led the South in pulpwood production in 1958, producing 3,861,000 cords of roundwood and 232,000 cords of residue. Alabama was a distant second, producing 2,500,000 cords. Georgia's Camden, Ware and Wayne Counties were three of the seven counties and parishes in the South producing more than 100,000 cords each in 1958. Pulp officials hailed the increasing use of wood residue as pulp material, pointing out that 10 percent of the wood used in 1958 came from waste material which was formerly burned or discarded.
RESEARCH CONSOLIDATION...The Cordele Research Center and the Athens-!-.lacon Research Center have been consolidated, announced Joseph F. Pechanec, Director of the Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Asheville, North Carolina. W. A. Campbell is leader of the combined installation now called the ''Macon Research Center." Frank Bennett and Ralph Peter are program leaders in charge of the "Cordele Branch" and "Athens Branch" respectively.
JOINT MEETING. . .Ben Meadows, owner of the Ben Meadows Company, Atlanta, was elected president of the University of Georgia Forestry School Alumni Association at a joint meeting with the Georgia Chapter of the Society of American Foresters in Savannah. Other officers are J. D. Strange, U. S. Forest Service, Atlanta, vice-president, Sam Thacker, Georgia Forestry Commission, Macon, secretary-treasurer.
'NO BURN' MATCHES...The lethal match, enemy of our forests, will be put to good use in 1960. The Richmond County Bank, Augusta, will provide its customers with match folders bearing a forest fire prevention me ssage, announced Bank President Barney Jordan. Richmond County Ran ger T. M. Strickland said he hoped that Richmond Countians would strike a blow against forest fires in addition to lighting up their favorite brand.
PROMOTIONS. . .Norman R. Hawley , Research Center Leader, Southeastern Forest Experiment St ation, Cordele, has been named Program Supervisor of the Naval Stores Conservation Program in the southern states. Hawley succeeds John W. Cooper who has been named Forest Supervisor of the Texas National Forests, Lufkin , Texas. Regional Forester J. K. Vessey, U.S. Forest Service, made the announcements.

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Georgia Forestry Com mission secretaries recently received schooling on operation of 113M equipment at the Forestry Cente r. The girls witnessed th e rea ms of information being compiled all on one sheet of paper.
Commission planes and helicopters recently took to the air to figbt a different kind of fire - rubber/ire made by motorist s burning up Georgia's highuays . f~ ight planes and tll!O helicopters helped the 1/iglntay /J epartment spot speeders during a ueekend "Safetython" sponsored by the Georgia Assoc iation of Broadcasters.
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Baron Alain de Jamblinne de .\leux of Belgium, right, uatches the conclusion of germination tests at th e s~ed 'l'esting l.ab oratory. '/'om F. Sitofford, bead of thr~ laboratory, sees results of tbe tests itith the B e lgium gene ticist.

the P~st Office, Macon , Georgia

Pocahontas,Pines Save Smith
Shortly after Pocahontas saved ] ohn Smith's neck, pine trees saved his financial shirt. When backers of the Jamestown Colony threatened to call off the whole venture unless it showed a profit, Smith promptly sent them profits in the form of pine lumber. Protect your forests, manage them properly and they can be '1 profitable venture for you.

GEORGIA STATE LIBRARY 301 JUG IC IA L BUilDING AT LA N'TA GEOTl Gil~