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THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
S3
GEORGIA State School Items
Published Twice-a-Month by the Department of Education.
Vol. ,
October 1,1924.
No. 1 .
^u^uy^- - &-ff' y JL^i^ce^C^fik
N. H. BALLARD,
State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 6, 1923 at the Post
Ci
tion
ATLANTA, GA.
AN ACT
To codify the school laws of the State of Georgia, in compliance with the provisions of the Act entitled an Act to empower the State Superintendent of Schools, the Attorney-General the ^airman of_ the
Senate and House Committees on Education, to codify the school laws, and for other purposes, approved July 20th, 1918; to revise the
school laws of the State; to provide for a State Superintendent of Schools, State Board of Education, a State Board for Vocational Education, County Superintendent of Schools, County Boards of Education, Supervisors of Schools and Institutes, an/^tor; * Se^" tary and Executive Agent of the State Board of Education and other officers; to provide the method of their selection, their duties,
powers, and compensation; and for other purposes.
The above is the title of the School Code which was passed unanimously by the Georgia House of Representatives and Senate and signed by the Governor on August 18, 1919. The laws for consolidation, the Illiteracy Commission and Bible Reading are also included in regular order, and the school laws passed in 1922 and 1923 are added as a supplement for the information of school officials and the general public.
Sept. 1, 1923.
Very truly,
N. H. BALLARD State Supt. Schools.
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CONSTITUTION
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ARTICLE VII.
Section 1.
cation 1 Paragraph 1. The powers of taxation over the whole Statesha\l be exercised by the General Assembly for the following
purposes only:
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For the support of the State government and the public institutions.
For educational purposes, in instructing children in the elementary
branches of an English education only.
Section 2.
Section 2. Paragraphs. No poll-tax shah belevied exceptfor educational purposes, and such tax shall not exceed one dollar annually
upon each poll.
Section 6.
Sections. Paragraph 2. The General Asembly shall notW to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any.Purpose, ex ceptf or educational purposes; to build and repair the public buddings and bridges, to maintain and support prisoners; to pay jurors^nd coro ners and for litigation, quarantine, roads and expenses of.courts to supporfpaupers and pay debts heretofore existing; to pay the county
police, and to provide for necessary sanitation.
ARTICLE VIII.
Section I.
Section 4 Paragraph 1. There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of the children, as nearly uniform as Tacticable the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation or o herwS Tne schools shall be free to all children of the State, but sprite schools shall be provided for the white and colored races.
Section II.
SPotion 5 Paragraph 1. There shall be a State School Commissioner elected by the people at the same time and manner as the Gov e norand State-house officers are elected, whose term.of ofhce shah L two vears and until his successor is elected and qualified. His office SaU 0beyeatrthenseat of the government, and he ^J^J^ not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum. The Genera! A;Sembly mav substitute for the State School Commissioner such officer, or officers "may be darned necessary to perfect the system of public education.
Section III.
Section 6. Paragraph 1. The poll tax, any ^^^ ^ belonging to the State (except the endowment of, and debt due to, the
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University of Georgia), a special tax on shows and exhibitions and on the sale of spirituous and malt liquors, which the General Assembly is hereby authorized to assess, and the proceeds of any commutation tax for military service, and all taxes that may be assessed on such domestic animals as from their nature and habits, are destructive to other property are hereby set apart and devoted for the support of common schools.
Section IV. (As It Was).
Section 7. Paragraph 1. Authority may be granted to counties, militia districts, school districts and to municipal corporations, upon the recommendation of the corporate authority, to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits by local taxtation; but no such laws take effect until the same shall have been submitted to a vote of the qualified voters in each county, militia district, school district, or municipal corporation and approved by two-thirds majority of persons voting at such election, and the Gerneral Assembly may prescribe who shall vote or such questions.
Section IV as Amended in 1920.
Authority is granted to the counties and municipal corporations upon the recommendation oj the corporate authority to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation. The proper county authorities whose duty it is to levy taxes jor county purposes in this Stale shall, on the recommendation of the Board of Education, assess and collect taxes jor the support oj public schools under its control not less than one nor more than five mills on the dollar oj all taxable properly oj the county outside oj independent local systems, which shall be distributed equitably according to the school population, tax values, the number oj teachers and their grade oj license among the public schools therein. An additional levy to that already allowed not to exceed five milts shall be permissible in independent local systems, municipalities or school districts on a two-thirds vote oj those voting. No additional election shall be required to maintain any local school tax now in existence in districts, counties, or municipalities, provided this bill shall not apply to counties having a local school system oj taxation adopted prior to the Constitution oj 1877.
Section V.
Section 8. Paragraph 1. Existing local school systems shall not be affected by this Constitution. Nothing contained in the first section of this Article shall be construed to deprive schools in this State, not common schools, from participation in the education fund of the State, as to all pupils therein taught in the elementary branches of an English education.
Section VI. University of Georgia, High Schools and Higher Education of Negroes Restricted--As Formerly.
University.
The trustees of the University of Georgia may accept bequests, donations and grants of land, or other property, for the use of said University In addition to the payment of the annual interest on the date by the
State to the University, the General Assembly may, from time to time make such donations thereto as the condition of the treasury will authorize. And the General Assembly may also, from time to time, make such appropriations of money as the condition of the treasury will authorize, to any college or university (not exceeding one in number) now established or hereafter to be established, in this State for the education of persons of color.
Section VI. As Amended in 1920. Authorizing appropriations to the University oj Georgia as Well as to High Schools and no Restriction . Negro Education.
Slate University. The trustees of the University oj Georgia may accept bequests, donations and
grants oj land, or other property, jor the use oj said University. In addition to the payment oj the annual interest on the debt due by the State to the University, the General Assembly shall jrom lime to time make such appropriations to the University, and High Schools, as the condition oj the Treasury authorize.
ARTICLE 1.
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION.
Members. Appointment. Qualifications.
Section 9. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Georgia, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of same, That there shall be a State Board of Education composed of six members, as follows: The Governor, the State Superintendent of Schools, and four other persons, who shall be appointed by the Governor of the State, two for two years and two for four years, their terms of office thereafter to be for four years each, or until their successors are appointed and qualified. At least three of said appointees shall be men of practical experience in teaching schools and of high standing in educational work, having at least three years practical experience as a teacher in the schools of Georgia, and being thoroughly conversant with the operation of rural schools. Should a vacancy occur at any time in said Board it shall be filled by the Governor; provided, That the nomination of the Governor for membership on the State Board of Education shall be subject to confirmation by the Senate; and provided further, That an appointment made when the Senate is not in session shall be effective until the Legislature convenes and acts on the appointment. No person who is now or has been connected with or employed by a school book publishing con cern shall be eligible to membership on said State Board of Educatio n and if any person shall become so connected or employed after beco m ing a member of said Board his place on said Board shall become vaca nt
Oath of Members and Meetings of Board. Compensation.
Section 10. The said Board of Education shall take oaths of office and enter upon the discharge of their duties immediately after their appointment. They shall meet in the office of the State Superintendent of Schools. The Governor shall preside over their body as Chairman of the Board when it is practicable for him to be present; but when he
cannot be present, they shall select their Chairman and proceed with their business whenever a majority of the Board is present. The Board shall meet at least quarterly in regular session and at any other time when an emergency arises, and they shall be called together by the Governor of the State or State School Superintendent. The four appointees shall receive as compensation for their services $250.00 per annum each, which shall be paid out of the State Treasury on the warrant of the Governor and be allowed their actual traveling expenses in going and returning to their homes, upon submitting a sworn itemized statement, accompanied by proper vouchers, and not otherwise. The total expenses for the four appointees shall not exceed $200.
Powers and Duties of Board.
Section 11. The State Board of Education shall provide rules and regulations for the supervision of all schools in the State. They shall provide the course of study for all common and high schools of the State receiving State aid. They shall select and make out a list of textbooks to be taught in said schools, which can be changed only every five years; unless the peculiar conditions of any county or community demand certain changes, in which case, the County Board, together with the County Superintendent, shall make application to the State Board suggesting such changes and give their reasons therefor, whereupon if the Board sees proper, their request shall be granted. Provided, This clause shall in no way affect the present State adoption of books. The Board of Education shall be the final court of appeal to hear and decide all matters which have been appealed from the State Superintendent of Schools. They shall determine the necessary office force of the State Superintendent of Schools, and shall fix the compensation of the same.
School Districts. Distribution of School Fund and Normal Instruction.
Sec. 12. Each county in the State shall constitute a school district and the public school funds shall be apportioned among the several districts by the State Board of Education as now provided by law. They shall also provide for normal instruction of teachers in each of the districts, either by institutes or otherwise. They shall have power to compel the attendance of teachers upon such normals and institutes, to provide penalties for non-attendance, to provide for the examination of the teachers of said State, and to grant licenses to those that are qualified who desire a State or special license.
An Advisory and Appellate Body.
Ses. 13. The State Board of Education shall constitute an advisory body, with whom the State School Superintendent shall have the right to consult when he is in doubt as to his official duty, and also a body in the nature of a court to which appeals shall be made from the decisions of the State School Superintendent upon any question touching the construction or administration of the school laws, and the decision of the State Board shall be final and conclusive. Appeals to the State Board must be made through the County Superintendent in
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writing, and must distinctly set forth the question at law, as well as the facts in the case upon which the appeal is taken. Upon any question involving the construction or administration of the school laws, the concurrence of a majority of the whole Board shall be necessary in order to give validity to the decision.
Charters of Higher Institutions of Learning.
Sec 14 No charter giving the right to confer degrees or issue diplomas shall be granted to any proposed institution of learning within the State of Georgia until the proper showing has been made to the State Board of Education that the proposed University, College, Normal or Professional School shall give evidence of its ability to meet the standard requirements set up by the State Board of Education.
Gifts from or Offer of Gifts by School Book Publishers or Their Agents.
Sec 15. No member of the State Board of Education or any appointees of said Board or any other person or persons that have the authority of selecting or in any way aiding in the selection of school books for the schools of Georgia shall not for themselves or any member of their respective families receive any gifts, compensation or remuneration of any kind from any school book publishing house, corporation, individuals, or the agents or representatives of either, nor shall any person, publishing house or corporation engaged in publishing or the sale of school books offer to any of said Board or their families or appointees any gift, compensation or remuneration, directly or indirectly Any person violating the provisions of this section shall be guilty and punishable for a misdemeanor. Should any of the aforementioned publishing houses, corporations or persons engaged in publishing or selling school books offer to any of the aforementioned officers, their fannies or appointees, any such compensation, remuneration or reward of any kind it shall be their duty to report the same to the grand juries of their respective counties, and on failure or refusal to do so, they or either of them so failing or refusing shall be guilty and punishable for a misdemeanor, and such officers on conviction thereof shall be removed
from office.
School-Book Commission Created.
Sec 16 The State Board of Education is the School-book Commission of the State of Georgia. The members of the said School-book Commission shall serve without compensation; the Governor shall be president and the State School Superintendent shall be the executive officer of said School-book Commission.
Oath of Officer. Sec 17 Before transacting any business relating to the duties of
this Commission, they shall each take an oath before some person authorized to administer same, to faithfully discharge all the duties imposed upon them as members of the said School-book Commission, and that they have no interest, direct or indirect, in any contract that may
be made under this article, and will receive no personal benefits therefrom.
ARTICLE II.
UNIFORM TEXT-BOOKS.
Uniform Text-Books Prescribed.
Sec. 18. A uniform series of text-books shall be used in all the common schools of this State, to be adopted in the manner and for the time hereinafter provided, which uniform series of books shall be in use in all the common schools of this State, and shall include the following elements of an English education only, to-wit: Orthography, reading, writing, arithmetic, geography, English language lessons, English grammar, history of Georgia, containing the Constitution of the State of Georgia, history of the United States, containing the Constitution of the United States, physiology and hygiene, the elementary principles of agriculture and civil government, the elementary rudiments oj vocal music, provided that teaching "the elementary rudiments oj vocal music" shall be optional with the county and city boards oj education and not required as in the case oj the other elements oj an English Education, and such other branches of study in addition to the above-mentioned as may be provided by statute, and not conflicting with the Constitution of this State, provided, that none of said text-books so adopted shall contain anything of a partisan or sectarian character; and provided that no county, city or town that levies a local tax for the purpose of maintaining a system of graded schools which local tax together with the State fund, is sufficient to maintain said system of graded schools, for as long a period as eight months in each year, shall be included In the provisions of this article; but if the duly constituted authorities in charge of any local system in this State should desire to use any of the books selected by said School-book Commission, the local system shall have the privilege of buying the books at the same price and on the same terms at which they are furnished to the common schools of the State.
Addition to the State Course of Study.
Sec. 19. Health and hygiene and special instruction as to the nature of alcoholic drinks and narcotics; the elements and principles of agriculture; the elements of civil government shall be taught in the common or public schools of Georgia as thoroughly and in the same manner as other like required branches and the board of education of each county and local system of this State shall adopt proper rules to carry the provisions of the law into effect.
BIBLE READING IN THE SCHOOLS.
The following amendment was passed in 1921: "Provided, however that the Bible, including the Old and the New Testament, shall be read to all the schools of this State receiving State funds, and that not less than one Chapter shall be read at some appropriate time during each
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school day. Upon the parent or guardian of any pupils filing with the teacher in charge of said pupil in the public schools of this State a written statement requesting that said pupil be excused from hearing the said Bible read as required under this Act, such teacher shall permit such pupil to withdraw while the reading of the Bible as required under this Act is in progress. Such a request in writing shall be sufficient to cover the entire school year in which said request is filed."
Further Duties of the Commission.
Sec. 20. The School-book Commission shall consider the merits of the books, taking into consideration the subject-matter, the printing, binding and material and mechanical qualities and their general suitability and desirability for the purpose intended and the price of the books; and they shall give due consideration and weight to the reports and recommendation of the sub-commission; provided, that no text-book the subject-matter of which is of inferior quality, shall be adopted by the School-book Commission. The School-book Commission shall select and adopt such books as will, in their best judgment, accomplish
the ends desired.
Bids, Advertisments, Terms.
Sec. 21. The School-book Commission shall meet in the office of the State Superintendent not later than September 1, 1903, and advertise in such manner and form as they may deem best, that, at a time to be fixed by the Commission to be named in the advertisement, and not later than November 1, 1903, the School-book Commission will receive at the office of the State School Superintendent, in the city of Atlanta, sealed bids or proposals from the publishers of school books for furnishing books to the public common schools of the State of Georgia through agencies established by said publishers in the several counties and places in counties in the State, as may be provided for in such regulations as the School-book Commission may adopt and prescribe. The bids or proposals shall be for furnishing the books specified for a period of five years, and no longer. The bids or proposals shall state specifically and clearly the retail price at which each book will be furnished, and also the exchange price for the introduction of such books. Each bid or proposal shall be accompanied by specimen copies of each bid and all books to be furnished in said bid; and it shall be required that each bidder shall deposit with the Treasurer of the State of Georgia a sum of money such as the School-book Commission may require, of not less than five hundred dollars, according to the number of books each bidder may propose to supply, and such deposit shall be forfeited absolutely to the State if the bidder shall fail or refuse to make and execute such contract or bond as is hereinafter required within such time as the School-book Commission may require, which time shall not be later than January 1, 1904, and shall also be stated in the advertisement. All bids shall be sealed and deposited with the State Superintendent of Schools, to be by him delivered to the School-book Commission when they are in executive session for the purpose of considering
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the same, when they shall be opened in the presence of the School-book Commission; provided, that the School-book Commission shall have authority, upon the acceptance of any bid and the execution of any contract to furnish school-books under the provisions of this article to allow such time, after January 1, 1904, as may be deemed by the Commission reasonable and necessary (not more than sixty days), to the contractor making such bid or contract, within which to furnish to all the schools of this State coming under the provisions of this article, with all the books contracted to be furnished.
Bids May Be Rejected.
Sec. 22. The School-book Commission shall have and reserve the right to reject any and all bids or proposals if the Commission be of the opinion that any or all bids should, for any reason, be rejected; and in case they fail from among the bids or proposals submitted to select any book or books upon any of the branches of study provided for in this article they may re-advertise for sealed bids or proposals under same terms and conditions as before, and proceed in their investigation in all respects as they did in the first instance and as required by the terms and provisions of this article.
Adoption.
Sec. 23. It shall be the duty of the School-book Commission to meet at the time and place noted in said advertisement and take out the specimen copies submitted and upon which bids are based. It shall be the duty of the School-book Commission to open and examine all sealed proposals submitted and received in pursuance of the notice provided for It shall then be the duty of the School-book Commission to examine and consider carefully all such bids or proposals, and determine, in the manner provided in this article what book or books upon the branches herein above mentioned, or that hereafter may be added by the Schoolbook Commission, or that may be hereafter provided for in this article shall be selected and adopted, taking into consideration the size quality as to subject-matter, material, printing, binding, and the mechanical execution and price and the general suitability for the purposes desired and intended.
Notice to Publisher, and the Contract.
Sec. 24. After such adoption shall have been made, the said Schoolbook Commission shall, by registered letter, notify the publishers or proposers to whom contracts have been awarded, and it shall then be the duty of the Attorney-General of the State to prepare the contract or contracts in accordance with the terms and provisions of this article and the contract shall be executed by the Governor and attested by the Secretary of State with the seal of the State attached upon the part of the State of Georgia, and shall be executed in triplicate, one copy to be kept by the contractor, one copy by the School-book Commission and copied m full upon the minute-book of the commission, and one copy to be filed in the office of the Secretary of State.
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Bond to be given by the Contractor.
Sec. 25. At the time of the execution of the contract the contractor shall enter into a bond in the full sum of not less than one thousand dollars nor more than twenty thousand dollars, payable to the State of Georgia, the amount of the bond within said limits to be fixed by said School-book Commission, conditioned upon the faithful, honest and exact performance of the contracts, and shall further provide for the payment of reasonable attorney's fees in case of recovery on any suit upon the same, with three or more good and solvent sureties, actual citizens and residents of the State of Georgia, or any guarantee company authorized to do business in the State of Georgia may become the surety on the bond; and it shall be the duty of the Attorney-General to prepare and approve the bond; provided, however, that the bond shall not be executed in a single recovery, but may be sued upon from time to time, until the full amount thereof shall be recovered; and the School-book Commission may, at any time, by giving thirty days' notice, require additional security or additional bond within the limits prescribed.
Deposits by Bidders, Forfeitures, and Recovery on Bonds.
Sec. 26. When any persons, firm or corporation shall have been awarded a contract and submitted therewith the bond as required hereunder, the School-book Commission through its secretary, shall so inform the Treasurer of the State, and it shall then be the duty of the Treasurer of the State to return to such contractor the cash deposit made by him; and the School-book Commission, through its secretary, shall inform the Treasurer of the State of the names of the unsuccessful bidders or proposers, and the Treasurer of the State shall, upon receipt of this notice, return to the unsuccessful bidders or proposers the amount deposited in cash by the unsuccessful bidders or proposers at the time of the submission of their bids. But should any person or persons, firm, company or corporation fail or refuse to execute the contract and submit therewith his bond as required within thirty days of the awarding of the contract to him and the mailing of the registered letter containing the notice (and it is hereby provided that the.mailing of the registered letter shall be sufficient evidence that the notice was given and received), the cash deposit shall be deemed and declared forfeited to the State of Georgia and it shall be the duty of the Treasurer to place the cash deposit in the treasury of the State to the credit of the school fund, and provided, further, that any recovery had on any bond given by any contractor shall inure to the benefit of the school fund of the State, and when collected shall be placed in the treasury to the credit of the school fund and be prorated among the several counties
of the State.
Suit on Bond, How Brought.
Sec. 27. And in'case any contractor shall fail to execute specifically the terms and provisions of his contract, the School-book Commission is authorized, and directed to bring suit upon the bond of such contractor
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for the recovery of any and all damages, the suit to be in the name of the State of Georgia and the recovery for the benefit of the public school fund.
Contract May Be Changed.
Sec. 28. But nothing in this article shall be construed so as to prevent the School-book Commission, and any other contractor agreeing thereto, from in any manner changing or altering any contract, provided four members of the State School-book Commission shall agree to the change and think it advisable and for the best interest of the public schools of the State. In all other matters a majority of said School-book Commission shall control.
State Not Liable to Contractor.
Sec. 29. It shall be always a part of the terms and conditions of any contract made in pursuance of this article that the State of Georgia shall not be liable to any contractor in any manner, for any sum whatever; but all such contractors shall receive their pay or consideration in compensation solely and exclusively derived from the proceeds of the sale of books, as provided for in this article.
Standard of Books.
Sec. 30. The books furnished under any contract shaU be equal in all respects to the specimen or sample copies furnished with the bids; and it shall be the duty of the State Superintendent of Schools to preserve in his office, as the standards of quality and excellence to be maintained in such books during the continuance of such contract, the specimen or sample copies of all books which have been the basis of any contract, together with the original bid or proposal.
Prices of Books.
Sec. 31. It shall be the duty of all contractors to print plainly on the back of eaeh book the contract price as well as the exchange price at which it is agreed to be furnished, but the books submitted as sample or specimen copies with the original bids shall not have the price printed on them before they are submitted to the commission. And the School-book Commission shall not in any case contract with any person, publisher or publishers for the use of any book or books which are to be or shall be sold to patrons for use in any public school in this State at a price above or in excess of the price at which such book or books are furnished by said persons, publisher or publishers under contract to any State, county or school district in the United States under like conditions prevailing in that State and in this article; and it shall be stipulated in each contract that the contractor is not now furnishing, under contract, any State, county or school district in the United States where like conditions prevail as are prevailing in this State and under this article, the same book or books as are embraced in said con-
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tract at a price lower or less than the prices stipulated in the said contract; and that in case said contractors shall hereafter during the term of the contract, contract to furnish, or furnish, to any State, county or school district such book or books at a lower price than that named in the contract, such lower price shall become the price of such book or books under the contract entered into with the said Schoolbook Commission. And the said School-book Commission is hereby authorized and directed at any time they find that any books are being sold at a lower price, under contract, to any State, county or school district aforesaid to sue upon the bond of the contractor and recover the difference between the contract price and the lower price at which they find the books are being sold.
Exchange of Books and Price.
Sec. 32. The said School-book Commission shall stipulate in the contract for the supplying of any book or books, as herein provided, that the contractor or contractors shall take up the school-books now in use in this State and receive the same in exchange for new books at a price not less than fifty per cent, of the contract price; but the exchange period shall not extend beyond the limit of one year from time of the expiration of contracts existing in counties in which such change shall be required under this article. And each person or publisher making any bid or the supplying of any books hereunder shall state in such bid or proposal the exchange price at which such book or books shall be furnished.
Proclamation Announcing Contracts.
Sec. 33. As soon as the Commission shall have entered into a contract or contracts for the furnishing or supplying of books for use in the public schools, it shall be the duty of the Governor to issue his proclamation announcing such facts to the people of the State.
Depository and Distribution of Books.
Sec. 34. The party or parties with whom the contract or contracts shall be made shall establish and maintain in some city in this State a depository where a stock of their books sufficient to supply all the immediate demands shall be kept. They shall also establish and maintain not less than one nor more than three agencies in every county in the State as the State School-book Commission shall deem advisable and demand, for the distribution of the books to the patrons; but the contractor shall also be permitted to make arrangements with merchants or others for the handling and distribution of the books. Any party not living conveniently near an agency or county depository may order any books desired from the central depository direct, and it shall be the duty of the contractor to deliver any books so ordered to the person so ordering to his postoffice address, freight, express, postage or other charges prepaid, at the retail contract price; provided, that the price of the book
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or books so ordered shall be paid in advance. All books shall be sold to the consumer at the retail contract price, and on the cover of each book shall be printed the foil owing: "The price printed hereon is fixed by a State contract, and any deviation therefrom shall be reported to your County School Superintendent or to the State School Superintendent at Atlanta;" and should any party contracting to furnish books as provided for in this article fail to furnish them, or otherwise breach his contract, in addition to the right of the State to use on the bond herein above required, the County Board of Education may sue in the name of the State of Georgia in any court having jurisdiction and recover on the bond of the contractor the full value of the books so failed to be furnished for the use and benefit of the school fund of the county; provided, that the right of action given to the County Board of Education shall be limited to breaches of the contract committed in that county.
Powers of Commission.
Sec. 35. The School-book Commission may from time to time make any necessary regulations not contrary to the provisions of this article, to secure the prompt distribution of the books herein provided for and the prompt and faithful execution of all contracts; and it is expressly now provided that said Commission shall maintain its organization during the five years of the continuance of the contract, and after the expiration of the same to renew such of them as they deem advisable, or readvertise for new bids or proposals as required by this article in the first instance, and enter into such other contracts as they may deem for the best interest of the patrons and the public schools of the State; provided, that any contract entered into or renewed shall be for the term of five years.
Superintendent to Issue Circular Letter.
Sec. 36. As soon as practicable after the adoption provided for in this article the State School Superintendent shall issue a letter to each county superintendent and city superintendent in the State, and to such others as he may desire to send it, which letter shall contain the list of books adopted, the prices, location of agencies, method of distribution and such other information as he may deem necessary.
Books to be Used.
Sec. 37. The books adopted under the provisions of this article shall be used to the exclusion of all others on the same subject in all the public common schools in the State; provided, that supplementary readers may be used in any of the common schools of the State, but even supplementary readers shall not be used until after the regular readers prescribed have been completed, and in no case shall supplementary readers be used to the exclusion of the regular readers adopted under this article.
Penalties for Violating Provisions of this Article.
Sec. 38. If any county school superintendent fails or refuses to enforce the provisions of this article, said county shall receive no part of
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the public school fund of the State until the provisions of this article have been complied with. Any teacher of a public common school violating the provisions of this article shall not receive any salary so long as he shall fail to carry out said provisions.
Adoptions--Terms of Contract.
Sec. 39. The adoptions made under the provisions of this article shall continue for five years from the first day of January, 1904, and any adoption of books made after this time shall terminate with all other adoptions on the first day of January, 1904, and all contracts for school books made by county boards of education now existing and extending beyond the first of January, 1904, shall not be affected by this article, but no new contracts shall be made by any county board of education, or by the board of education of any city or town in this State, except the boards of education in Georgia having under their control a system of graded schools in part supported by local taxation and maintained for at least eight months in each year.
ARTICLE III.
FURNISHING BOOKS AND SUPPLIES.-YEOMAN'S LAW.
Books, How Purchased, Sold, or Furnished Free.
Sec. 40. All boards of education of counties, cities, local school systems, separate school districts, and district agricultural schools, shall adopt all school books required by the course of study in their schools, other than the regular basal elementary school books provided for by the uniform textbook law, Sec. 1437 et seq., from an approved list issued by the State Board of Education; and shall purchase, and in their discretion may sell, rent or furnish free all school books to pupils attending their schools, and for that purpose may use such part of the school funds, or any other funds coming into their hands, as may be necessary for the purchase of such books.
Filing of Copies and List of Books With Prices.
Sec. 41. All publishers of school books, or persons desiring to offer school books, other than those basal elementary text-books provided for under the uniform text-book law, Sec. 1437 et seq., for the use of pupils in the public schools'of'Georgia, as hereinafter provided, shall file in the office of the State Superintendent'ofSchools a copy of each book proposed to be offered, together with"the list price as shown by the publisher's catalogue, and such books shall be approved and placed upon a list issued by the State Board of Education, provided the persons or publishers offering said books comply with the provisions of this section, and then they may be legally adopted and purchased by any public school authoilties. No revised or different edition of any such book shall be
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used in the public schools of Georgia unless a copy of such edition has been filed in the office of the State Superintendent of Schools, together with the publisher's list price thereof. The State Superintendent of Schools shall carefully preserve in his office the sample copies of all such books filed and approved by the State Board of Education, and the prices thereof.
Sworn Statement to Be Filed.
Sec. 42. Each publisher of any such book filed shall also file in the office of the State Superintendent of Schools a sworn statement giving the net wholesale price at which each book is sold anywhere in the United States; the said sworn statement shall also give the list price and the lowest exchange price given anywhere in the United States when old books on the same subject and of like kind and grade, but of a different series, are received in exchange.
Bond of Publisher, Amount and Condition.
Sec. 43. Each publisher shall file with the State Superintendent of
Schools a bond payable to the State of Georgia, with some surety com-
pany authorized to do business in the State of Georgia, as surety thereon,
in a sum to be determined by the State Superintendent of Schools, said
sum being not less than one thousand ($1,000) dollars nor more than five
thousand ($5,000) dollars, according to the number of books filed; the
bond to be conditioned as follows: First, that the publisher will furnish
any of the books listed in said statement, and in any other statement sub-
sequently filed by him within five years, to the board of education of
any county, city, local school system, separate school district, and dis-
trict agricultural school in the State of Georgia at the lowest net whole-
sale price contained in said statement, which price shall not exceed the
lowest price the publisher has made elsewhere in the United States, and
that he will maintain said price uniformly throughout the State of Geor-
gia on the books filed under the provisions of this section. Second, that
the publisher will reduce such price automatically to the State of Georgia
whenever reductions are made elsewhere in the United States, so that
at no time shall any book so filed and listed be sold to school authorities
in Georgia at a higher net price than is received for such book elsewhere
in the United States; and that upon failure or refusal of publisher to
make such reduction all contracts for such book or books shall become
null and void. Third, that all such books offered for sale, adoption, or
exchange in the State of Georgia shall be equal in quality to those filed
in the office of the State Superintendent of Schools, as regards paper,
binding, print, illustration, subject matter, and all other particulars
that may affect the value of such books. Fourth, that the publisher
shall not enter into any understanding, agreement, or combination to
control the prices or restrict competition of the sale of school books in
the State of Georgia.
*
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Approval of Bond and a New Bond After Five Years.
Sec. 44. Such bond shall be approved by the Attorney-General, and shall continue in force for a period of five years after its filing, at or before the expiration of which period a new bond shall be given, or the right to continue selling such text-books in the State of Georgia shall be forfeited.
State Superintendent to Send Out List of Books.
Sec. 45. The State Superintendent of Schools shall, within thirty days after the filing of such text-books and bond for same, send a list of such books to the superintendent of schools, and the chairman of the board of education of each county, city, local school system, separate school district, and district agricultural school in the State. And the State Superintendent of Schools shall, on or before January 1,1917, and on or by the first day of January of each following year, publish and send to the superintendent of schools and the chairman of the board of education of each county, city, local school system, separate school district and district agricultural school, a printed copy of all such lists then in force in his office.
Forfeiture by Publisher on Failure of Duty.
Sec. 46. If any publishers shall comply with the foregoing sections and then fail or refuse to furnish such books to the board of education of any county, city, local school system, separate school district, or district agricultural school, upon the terms herein provided, said school authority shall at once notify the State Superintendent of Schools of such failure or refusal, and he shall at once cause an investigation of such charge to be made. If the State Superintendent of Schools finds such charge to be true, he shall at once notify such publisher and the superintendent of schools and the chairman of the board of education of each county, city, local school system, separate school district, and district agricultural school in the State of Georgia that such books shall not thereafter be adopted or purchased by any of the public school authorities in the State. Said publishers shall forfeit and pay to the State of Georgia the sum of one hundred ($100) dollars for each failure or refusal to furnish said book or books, to be recovered in the name of the State of Georgia in an action to be brought by the Attorney-General in any proper court, the amount when collected to be paid into the Treasury to the credit of the common school fund of the State of Geor-
gia.
Local Boards Duty as to Selecting Books.
Sec. 47. The board of education of each county, local school system, separate school district, and district agricultural school in the State of Georgia, at a regular meeting to be held between the first Monday in January and the first Monday in August of each year, shall adopt textbooks for use in the schools under its control, until a complete list of
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text-books covering the entire course of study has been adopted. A majority vote of the membership of any board shall determine which of said books so filed shall be used in the schools under its control, and after such books have been selected and adopted by said board of education, no book shall be changed, nor any other book substituted therefor, for a period of five years after the date of its adoption, as shown by the official records of the board. Provided, that any such school textbooks as may be in use in the public schools of Georgia when this section goes into effect may be continued at the pleasure of the authorities in charge of such schools, but that when said books are changed, or other books substituted, the books adopted shall be used for a full period of five years. This section shall not affect any existing contracts for textbooks now in force in this State.
Purchases and Payment for Books Ordered. Free Books, and Rental.
Sec. 48. All text-books adopted as provided for in this section shall be bought by the various school authorities direct from the publishers at the price listed with the State Superintendent of Schools. That the board of education of each county, city, local school system, separate school district, and district agricultural school, shall, at a regular meeting, cause to be ascertained the number of each of such books adopted as the schools under its charge require. The secretary of each board of education shall order the books so agreed upon direct from the publishers, who, on receipt of such order, shall ship the books as directed without delay. It shall be the duty of the secretary, or other person named by the board for such purpose, to examine the books when received, and if found to be correct and in accordance with order, a warrant, payable out of the school fund or any fund the board may have on hand, for the proper amount, shall be issued and remitted to the publisher within thirty days. Each board of education shall pay all charges for transportation of the books. It shall be the duty of each board of education to make all necessary provisions and arrangements to place the books so purchased within easy reach and accessible to all the pupils in the schools under its control. For this purpose each board of education may make contracts, and take such security as it deems necessary, for the custody, care and sale of such books, and accounting for the proceeds. The proceeds from the sale or rental of said books shall be paid into the public school fund of the board. The board of education may also contract with local or retail dealers to sell the books to the pupils and patrons of the schools, at prices to be specified by the said board, each board being responsible to the publishers for all books purchased by it. All orders for books under this section shall be made by a duly authorized agent of the board of education and billed by the publisher to the board of education. That nothing in this section shall prevent the board of education of any county, city, local school system, separate school district, or district agricultural school, from furnishing free textbooks to the pupils in the schools under its control, or from buying books and renting them to the pupils in the schools under its control.
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Retail Prices of Books Limited.
Sec. 49. No retail dealer selling said school text-books as the agent of any school shall sell the same at a greater price than the price agreed upon between such dealers and said school authorities; provided, that in no case shall books be sold to the school children at a price to exceed fifteen per cent (15%) advance on the wholesale price of such books.
Second-hand Books; When Purchased.
Sec. 50. When pupils remove from any county, city, local school system, separate school district, or district agricultural school, and have text-hooks of the kind adopted in said school, and not of the kind used in the school to which they remove, and wish to dispose of them, the board of education of the school from which they remove, if requested, shall purchase such books at a fair value thereof, and resell to other pupils.
Payment for Vote or Influence Forbidden.
Sec. 51. No publisher of school text-books, nor agents of such publisher, shall offer or give any emolument, money, or other valuable thing, or any inducement, to any member of any board of education or school official connected with any of the public schools of Georgia, for his vote, or for the use of his influence for the adoption of any school textbook to be used in any of the public schools of this State, nor shall any member of any board of education or school official connected with any of the public schools of Georgia, accept any emolument, money, or other valuable thing, or any other inducement, from any publisher, or agent of any publisher, for his vote or promise to vote, or for the use of his influence for the adoption of any school text-books. Provided, that nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent any person, publisher, or publisher's agent from sending a reasonable number of sample copies of school text-books to any member of a board of education or school official for examination of such book or books before the adoption of books, as provided for in this section, and nothing shall be construed to prevent such member of a board of education or school official from receiving such sample copies.
Penalty for Violation.
Sec. 52. Any publisher of school text-books, or agent of such publisher, or any member of any board of education or public school official in the State of Georgia, who violates any of the provisions of this section, on conviction thereof, shall be punished as for a misdemeanor; and any member of a board of education or public school official shall, in addition, be removed from his official position. Any retail dealer of school text-books acting as agent for any board of education who violates any of the provisions of this section shall, upon conviction, be punished as for a misdemeanor.
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Non-Repeal of Certain Laws.
Sec. 53. This section shall not be construed to repeal directly or indirectly the present law as to adoption of basal elementary books by the State Board of Education for the public schools of Georgia.
ARTICLE IV.
STATE SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENT.
Powers and Duties.
Sec. 54. The State School Superintendent shall be elected by the people at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor and State-house officers are elected. A suitable office shall be furnished him at the seat of government. He shall be charged with the administration of the school laws, and general superintendence of the business relating to the common schools of the State. He shall prescribe suitable forms for the reports required of subordinate school officers and blanks for their guidance in transacting their official business, and shall from time to time prepare and transmit to them such instructions as he may deem necessary for the faithful and efficient execution of the school laws; and by what is thus communicated to them they shall be bound to govern themselves in the discharge of their official duty; provided, there shall always be an appeal from the State School Superintendent to the State Board of Education.
Qualifications of Superintendent.
Sec. 55. To render a person eligible to hold the office of State Superintendent of Schools he shall be a man of good moral character, of high educational standing, have had at least three years' practical experience as a teacher, or in lieu thereof shall have a diploma from a reputable college or normal school, or shall have had five years' experience in the actual supervision of schools, and be at least thirty years of age.
Bond and Oath of Superintendent.
Sec. 56. Upon entering upon the discharge of his official duties, the State Superintendent of Schools shall give bond in the penal sum of Ten Thousand ($10,000) Dollars to the State of Georgia, with some approved surety company which shall be acceptable to the Secretary of State, conditioned that he will truly account for and apply all money or other property which may come into his hands in his official capacity for the use and benefit of the purposes for which it is intended, and that he will faithfully perform the duties enjoined upon him by law. He shall take and subscribe an oath to diligently and faithfully discharge the duties of his office. The bond with certified endorsement thereon, shall be filed with the Secretary of State, the premium charged for said bond shall be paid out of the treasury of the State.
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Secretary and Agent of Board.
Sec. 57. The State Superintendent of Schools shall be the Secretary and Executive Agent of the State Board of Education, for which services he shall receive Two Thousand Five Hundred ($2,500) Dollars an-
nually.
He is also member of the State Board for Vocational Education, and is a member of the State Geological Board, State Board of Health and of the Budget and Investigating Committee by Acts of 1894, 1903, and 1917. He shall also be an ex-officlo member of the board of trustees of each eleemosynary, corrective or educational institution to which public funds are appropriated.
Duties.
Sec 58. The State Superintendent of Schools shall carry out and enforce all the rules and regulations of the State Board of Education and the laws governing the schools of the State receiving State aid; he shall from time to time make such recommendations to the State Board as may effect the welfare and efficiency of the public schools throughout the State; he shall have authority to suspend a county superintendent of schools for incompetency, willful neglect of duty, misconduct, immorality or the commission of crime involving moral turpitude; providing, of course, That all of his acts in this matter shall be subject to the approval of the State Board of Education and the party so suspended may appeal his case to the State Board, whose decision shall be final.
To Visit the Several Counties.
Sec. 59. It shall be the duty of the State School Superintendent to visit, as often as possible, the several counties of the State for the purpose of examining into the administration of the school law, counseling with school officers,delivering popular addresses.inspecting school operations, and of doing such other acts as he may deem to the interest of popular education.
Misapplication of School Funds.
Sec. 60. It shall be the duty of the State Superintendent of Schools, in addition to the powers already granted, that in the event of a misapplication of any of the funds apportioned to any of the institutions of learning or schools receiving State aid he shall at once proceed to recover the same by the institution of proper procedure In the courts of competent jurisdiction after demand is made upon the party misapplying the funds to settle same. Should it become necessary to procure additional legal services other than that of the Attorney-General, the Governor is authorized to procure special or local counsel and arrange to pay for the recovery of said funds, such fee out of the funds collected as is usual and customary in the locality where the suit is instituted.
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Annual Reports.
Sec. 61. The State School Superintendent shall make an annual report to the General Assembly, in which he shall present a statement of the condition and amount of all funds and property appropriated to the purpose of public education; a statement of the number of common and public schools of the various grades in the State; the number of scholars attending such schools, their sex, color, and the branches taught; a statement of the average cost per scholar of instruction under the common school system in each county; a statement of the plans for the management, extension and improvement of the common schools; a statement of the number of children of school age in the State, with as much accuracy as the same can be ascertained; also, a statement of the number of private schools and colleges of the different kinds in the State; the number of pupils in such schools or colleges; their sex, the branches taught, the average cost of tuition per scholar in said schools and colleges.
To Prepare Text on Civics.
Sec. 62. The State Superintendent of Schools is required to prepare with necessary assistance, a text-book on Civil Government and have it printed and sold to the schools at cost.
School Fund.
50% of all revenues received by the State from all sources of income or taxation shall be used and expended for the support and maintenance of the common schools of Georgia for the year in which said income or taxes are due and payable. This section to go into effect January 1, 1922. (Section 109.)
Disbursement of School Funds.
Sec. 63. It shall be the duty of the State School Superintendent to disburse the common school fund in the following manner: He shall, annually, apportion equitably, the State school revenue to the different counties, and independent local systems of the State, upon the basis of the aggregate of children between six and eighteen years of age inclusive in each county.
State School Supervisors.
Sec. 64. The State Superintendent of Schools shall have power, with the consent and approval of the State Board of Education to appoint three State School Supervisors, whose professional qualifications shall be the same as the State Superintendent of Schools to fill the place of the experts provided for in the Acts of 1891, which were amended in 1892 and 1893. The salaries paid these Supervisors shall be fixed by the State Board of Education and shall not exceed Three Thousand Dollars each per annum, together with necessary traveling expenses; pro-
24
vided, the same shall not exceed three thousand ($3,000) dollars. The Supervisors shall keep itemized statements of their expenses.which shall be sworn to monthly and approved by the State Superintendent of Schools and be paid out of the State Treasury. It shall be especially the duty of these Supervisors to act as instructors of institutes to give State normal instruction and training as the State Superintendent may direct in each county; to grade the papers of applicants for professional certificates or State licenses and to aid generally in supervising, systematizing and improving the schools of the State under the direction of the State Superintendent of Schools.
Auditor.
Sec. 65. The State Superintendent of Schools with the advice and approval of the State Board of Education, shall appoint one person who shall be a competent and experienced bookkeeper and accountant at a salary of not more than Three Thousand Dollars per annum, together with his actual travering expenses, whose duty it shall be to thoroughly audit and check the books and accounts of County Superintendents and the Treasurers of local school systems, of municipal systems, of the State University and all its branches, including the District Agricultural Schools, the State College of Agriculture, Technological Schools and all other schools receiving State aid and make regular and annual reports to the State School Superintendent showing the amount received, for what purpose received, and for what purposes expended. All such funds held by officials must be kept in banks separate from their individual bank accounts. He shall be allowed his traveling expenses from itemized statements sworn to, as the Supervisors are allowed theirs in the section 1565J, provided the total expenses shall not be more than $1,000 per annum.
Clerk, Assistants.
Sec. 66. The State School Superintendent shall be entitled to receive for his services the sum of two thousand dollars annually in quarterly installments. All his necessary traveling expenses incurred in the performance of his official duties and all postage and other expenses absolutely necessary arising in his office, shall be paid by the State. He shall also be entitled to employ one clerk and secretary and such other assistants as may be necessary in the judgment of the State Board of Education, to aid him in his official duties. His clerk shall receive an annual salary not exceeding Two Thousand Dollars, to be paid quarterly. The secretary shall receive an annual salary of Eighteen Hundred Dollars. The salaries and other expenses named in this section shall be paid out of the State School fund on executive warrant. It shall also be the duty of said Superintendent to keep an itemized account of all expenses connected with his department, which accounts shall be audited by the State Board of Education.
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School Year Coincident with Calendar Year.
Sec. 67. Beginning with January 1st, 1895, and continuing thereafter, the school year shall be coincident with the calendar year, to-wit from January 1st to December 31st thereafter, and the State School Superintendent shall, on or before the 1st Tuesday in December of each year beginning in 1894, or as soon thereafter as practicable, make an estimate of the entire common school fund for the State for the next succeeding school year, and shall at once communicate in writing to the County School Superintendent of each county the amount of money that will be payable to his county; and on the first Tuesday in January in each year, or as soon thereafter as practicable, each County Board of Education shall meet and make the necessary arrangements for placing the schools in operation for the next school year, and shall have full authority in their discretion either to fix salaries for the payment of teachers, or to pay them according to the enrollment or attendance; provided, that nothing in this article shall be construed to affect the right of the respective counties of the State to select the time of operating their schools, which shall be left entirely to the County Boards of Education, nor shall it affect or change the time of operating their schools under any special or local laws in any county in this State provided, further, that it shall not affect the monthly payment of teachers as by this article directed.
Where There Are Local School Laws.
Sec. 68. In those counties having local school laws where the schools are sustained by local taxation for a period of five months or more the State School Superintendent shall, on the first day of each month or as soon thereafter as practicable, notify the Governor of the amount of funds standing to the credit of each of such counties on the books of the Treasurer on said dates, arising from the monthly apportionment aforesaid, and thereupon the Governor shall issue his warrants for said sums and Treasurer, shall draw his checks for said sums without requiring the itemized statements as provided; and the State School Superintendent shall immediately transmit said checks to the officer under the local school system authorized to receive its funds, and the State School Superintendent shall in like manner pay over to the proper officer under the school board of any town or city having a school system sustained by local taxation for a period of five months or more and to which he is now authorized by law to make direct apportionments, such proportion of the entire county fund as shown on the books of the Treasurer as the school population of the town or city bears to the population of the county, as shown by the last school census- provided, that all children of school age resident in said county, and attending the public schools of such town or city, shall be counted in the school population of such town or city and be entitled to have their share of such county fund paid over to the proper officer of the school board of such town or city.
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Twenty School Days a Scholastic Month.
Sec. 69. Twenty school days shall constitute and be treated as a scholastic month in the public schools.
Unused School Fund.
Sec. 70. In all cases where any of the counties have heretofore or may hereafter leave unused in the State Treasury any part of the public school fund to which they are entitled under the law, such fund shall be kept separate and applied to the use and benefit of the respective counties entitled to it and may be used by the respective boards of education of the counties entitled to it for school purposes in their respective counties, and may be drawn on for such purpose as provided by law; provided, that in every instance where a new county has been or hereafter may be, created out of the territory of any one or more of the counties organized prior to December 1,1903, and such old counties shall, on August 18, 1906, have on hand, either in the Treasury of this State or elsewhere, any fund subject to the provisions of this section, then such funds shall be equitably apportioned between such new county and the old counties whose territory went to the formation of the new county, the basis of the apportionment between the new county and the old counties affected to be the school population of said counties as the same may appear from the records in the office of the State School Superintendent, or as may be agreed upon by the authorities of the counties
affected.
Enumeration of School Children.
Sec 71 It shall be the duty of the County and City Boards of Education to cause an enumeration of the children between six and eighteen years of age inclusive to be made under instructions from the State School Superintendent, in the year 1888, and every five years thereafter,
as hereinafter prescribed.
How enumeration to Be Taken.
Sec. 72. The different County or City Boards shall employ one or more competent, reliable persons to take the enumeration in their respective jurisdictions, and the persons so employed shall go from house to house, making a thorough canvass of the territory assigned them, taking the number of children between the ages of six and eighteen years inclusive and distinguishing between the sexes and races. The persons thus employed shall be known as enumerators of the school census, and shall take and report any additional statistics required by the State School Superintendent. They shall receive as compensation a per diem not to exceed four dollars, to be paid out of the school fund of the jurisdiction in which the work is done. They shall, moreover, be required to make oath that the work" done by them has been carefully and faithfully done according to the true intent and meaning of this article, the form of oath to be prescribed by the State School Superintendent. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to prevent the
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County Boards from employing the County School Superintendent to do the work contemplated in this article.
New Enumeration.
Sec. 73. The State Board of Education is hereby empowered to order at once a new enumeration when they are in doubt as to the accuracy of the return made from any county or city; but the enumerators first making their return shall receive no compensation in case it is found their enumeration was not correct. In case their enumeration is verified by the second enumeration, both shall be paid, but the amount paid them shall be deducted from the school fund appropriated to this special territory.
County Institutes.
Sec. 74. He shall organize and establish in each county in Georgia a Teachers' County Institute for the assembling and instruction of the common school teachers of each county in the State, said institute to hold an annual session of one week's duration in each county in Georgia in the period of June, July and August, or in such other month as the State School Superintendent may deem best and expedient; provided, however, that the State School Superintendent may, in his discretion, combine the annual session of such institutes, or any number of them, so that the same may be held in any county named by him to prepare a program of exercises, with a syllabus of each subject in said program, for each day's session of said institute; to require County School Superintendents to operate at their regular per diem, said institute sessions under such general rules and regulations as he may deem best to require all persons, teaching in Georgia, or having licenses entitling them to teach in the State, to attend all sessions of said institutes held m the county of their residence, and perform all duties required of them as members of said institutes, unless providentially prevented- to secure prompt attendance of the teachers upon said institutes by causing the County School Superintendents and County Boards of Education to collect such fines from absentees as may be deemed just and reasonable by said Superintendents and Boards; provided, that no teacher shall be fined till he has stated the cause of his absence in writing to said Superintendents and Boards, and they have duly considered the same; and all money thus collected shall be used in purchasing teacherslibraries for the counties in which said fines may be collected; to provide separate institutes for the white and colored; to cause all sessions of said institutes to be held at county seats, or such other places as may may be selected by the County School Superintendents, and allow all persons so desiring to attend the sessions of said institutes- provided that all visitors shall be subject to the rules and regulations of said institutes while attending the exercises of the same; and to prescribe from time to time such other rules and regulations as he and the County School Superintendents may deem best for successfully operating said institutes.
Reports from County Superintendents.
Sec. 75. He shall have the right to require the County School Superintendents to make such reports as he may prescribe and in default of complying, as far as may be practicable with this requirement, the County School Superintendents shall not be entitled to compensation for their official services. He shall also have the right to make the requirement mentioned in Section 1473 of the president of the Board of Education, or the chief executive officer of any public school organization in this State, operating under any special law, and, until the requirement is complied with, said organization shall not receive the pro rata of the State school fund to which it would be otherwise entitled.
ARTICLE V.
COUNTY BOARDS OF EDUCATION.
School Districts.
Sec. 76. Each and every county in the State shall compose one school district, and shall be confided to the control and management of a County Board of Education.
Membership in County Boards.
Sec. 77. The grand jury of-each county(except those counties which are under a local system) in this State shall, from time to time, select from the citizens of their respective counties five freeholders, who shall constitute the County Board of Education. Said members shall be elected for a term of four years, and shall hold their offices until their successors shall be elected and qualified; provided, however, that no publisher of school books, nor any agent for such publisher, nor any person who shall be pecuniarily interested in the sale of school books, shall be eligible for election as member of any Board of Education or as County School Superintendent. Provided, further, that whenever there is in a portion of any county a local school system having a Board of Education of its own, and receiving its pro rata of the public school fund directly from the State School Superintendent, and having no dealings whatever with the County Board of Education, then the members of the County Board of Education of such county shall be selected from that portion of the county not embraced within the territory covered by such local system.
Sec. 78. The County Board of Education shall consist of five (5) members as now provided by law and selected by the grand jury as now provided by law, except that the grand jury in selecting such members shall not select one of their own number then in session, nor shall they select any two of those selected from the same militia district or locality, nor shall they select any person who resides within the limits of a local school system operated independent of the County Board of Education, but shall apportion members of the Board as far as practicable
29
over the county; they shall select men of good moral character, who shall have at least a fair knowledge of the elementary branches of an English education and be favorable to the common school system. Whenever a member of the Board of Education moves his residence into a militia district where another member of the Board resides, or into a district or municipality that has an independent local school system, the member changing his residence shall immediately cease to be on Board and the vacancy shall be filled as required by law.
Compensation of Members.
Sec. 79. That the members of the Board of Education in each county shall be paid a per diem not to exceed two dollars for each day's actual service out of the school fund appropriated to the county; and their accounts for service shall be submitted for approval to the Ordinary or County School Superintendent; and they shall not receive any other compensation, such as exemption from road and jury duty.
Certificate of Election and Removal.
Sec. 80. Whenever members of a County Board are elected or appointed it shall be the duty of the clerk of the Superior Court to forward to the State School Superintendent a certified statement of the facts, under the seal of the court, as evidence upon which to issue commissions. This statement must give the names of the members of the board chosen and state whom they succeed, whether the officers were vacated by resignation, death or otherwise. The evidence of the election of a County Superintendent shall be the certified statement of the secretary of the meeting of the board at which the election was held. Any member of a County Board of Education shall be removable by the judge of the Superior Court of the county, on the address of two-thirds of the grand jury, for inefficiency, incapacity, general neglect of duty, or malfeasance or corruption in office after opportunity to answer charges; the judges of the Superior Courts in this State shall have the power to fill vacancies, by appointment, in the county boards of education for the counties composing their respective judicial circuits, until the next session of the grand juries in and for said counties, when said vacancies shall be filled by said grand juries.
Resignation.
Sec. 81. When a member of a board, or a county superintendent of schools resigns, his resignation should be tendered in writing to the State School Superintendent.
Officers of County Boards.
Sec. 82. The Board of Education shall elect one of their number president, who shall serve as such during the term for which he was chosen a member of the Board. The county School Superintendent shall be ex-officio secretary of the Board. A majority of the Board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. It shall be the duty
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f said secretary to be present at the meetings of the Board, and to record in a book, to be provided for the purpose, all their official proceedings, which shall be a public record open to the inspection of any person interested therein, and all such proceedings, when so recorded, shall be signed by the president and countersigned by the secretary.
Sessions.
Sec 83. It shall be the duty of the County Board of Education to hold regular sessions on the first Tuesday of the month succeeding the election, and each month thereafter, at the courthouse of the county, for the transaction of business pertaining to the public schools with power to adjourn from time to time; and in case of the absence of the president or secretary, they may appoint one of their own number
to serve temporarily.
School Term, School Property.
Sec 84 The County Boards of Education shall have the power to define and regulate the length of the public school terms of their respective counties, and power to purchase, lease or rent school sites; build repair or rent school houses, purchase maps, globes, and school furniture, and make all arrangements necessary to the efficient operation of the schools. The said boards are invested with the title, care and custody of all school houses or other property belonging to the subdistricts now or hereafter defined, with power to control the same insuch manner as they think will best subserve the interests of the com mon schools; and when, in the opinion of the board, any school house site has become unnecessary or inconvenient, they may sell the same in the name of the County Board of Education, such conveyance to be executed by the president or secretary of the Board, according to the order of the Board. They shall have the power to receive any gift, grant, donation, or devise made for the use of the common schools within their respective counties, and all conveyances of real estate which may be made to said Board shall vest the property in said Board of Education and their successors in office. It shall also be the duty of said Board of Education to make arrangements for the instruction of the children of the white and colored races in separate schools. They shall, as far as practicable, provide the same faculties for both races in respect to attainments and abilities of teachers and for a minimum six months length
of term-time; but the children of the white and colored races shall not be taught together in any common or public school of this State. In respect to the building of the school houses, the said Board of Education may provide for the same, either by labor on the part of the citizens of the sub-districts, or by a tax on their property. The construction of all public school buildings must be approved by the Superintendent and Board of Education and must be according to the plans furnished by the county school authorities and the State Department of Educa-
tion. 31
Powers of County Board as School Court.
Sec. 85. The County Board of Education shall constitute a tribunal for hearing and determining any matter of local controversy in reference to the construction of administration of the school law, with power to summon witnesses and take testimony if necessary; and when they have made a decision, said decision shall be binding upon the parties. Either of the parties shall have the right of appeal to the State School Superintendent, and said appeal shall be made through the County Superintendent in writing, and shall distinctly set forth the question in dispute, the decision of the County Board and the testimony as agreed upon by the parties to the controversy, or if they fail to agree, upon the testimony as reported by the Superintendent.
Five Year Adoption of Text Books.
Sec. 86. The Board of Education of each county and local system shall adopt text books between the first Monday in January and the first Monday in August of each year for a period of five years. School texts in use may be continued at the pleasure of the authorities, but when the books are changed, the texts adopted shall be used for five years. The Board may contract with a local dealer to act as agent, but must, where satisfactory arrangements cannot be made, arrange itself, through the Superintendent or otherwise, to buy, distribute, rent or furnish free the text books used.
Vaccination of Pupils of Public Schools.
Sec. 87. The County Boards of Education in the counties of this State, and the Boards of Public Education for the cities of this State are hereby authorized and empowered to make such regulations as in their judgment shall seem requisite to insure the vaccination of the pupils in their respective schools, and may require all scholars or pupils to be vaccinated as a prerequisite to admission to their respective schools.
Organization, Powers and Duties.
Sec. 88. The County Board of Education shall have and exercise all the powers that are now exercised by the County Board of Education, except as may be herein changed; provided, that the County School Superintendent and County Board of Education shall make rules to govern the county schools of their respective counties. Upon being called together by some one of their number, after their election, they shall organize by selecting a chairman. The County Superintendent shall act as secretary of the Board, and keep the minutes of their meetings and make a permanent record of the same and do any other clerical work that they may direct him to do. Said Board may suspend the County Superintendent same as State Superintendent, and may suspend teachers same as County Superintendents. In each case they may appeal to State Board.
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Reports by Teachers.
Sec. 89. It shall be the duty of the teachers to make and file with the County Superintendent at the expiration of each term of school, a full and complete report of the whole number of scholars admitted to the school during said term, distinguishing between males and females and colored and white with the names thereof; the entire and the average attendance, the branches taught, and such o'ther statistics as may be required to be reported by the County Superintendent, or by the State School Superintendent. Until such report shall have been filed by said teacher, it shall not be lawful for said County Superintendent to audit the account of said teacher for his or her services.
Consolidation.
Sec. 90. The Board of Education of any county shall have the right if, in their opinion, the welfare of the schools of the county and the best interests of the pupils require, to consolidate two or more schools located in the same or different districts into one school, to be located by said Board at a place convenient to the pupils attending the same, said school house to be located as near the center of the district or districts as practicable. Whenever two or more schools are consolidated as hereinafter provided, the County Superintendent shall call an election of trustees for said consolidated schools from the district or districts concerned; said election shall be held in accordance with the provisions of existing law, and the result determined and declared by the Board of Education.
Division of School Districts.
Sec. 91. The County Board of Education shall have the further power, when the best interests of schools demand, to separate or divide any school district into two or more school districts and to provide for the election of a Board of Trustees for each of said districts, and to do all other things for the government and control of said districts as is herein provided for the organization and control of school districts. Provided, that such County Boards of Education shall have authority to establish two schools in any school district in this State if they deem it
best to do so.
Rearrangement of Districts.
Sec. 92. Whenever in the opinion of the County Board of Education, the best interests of the School demand, the Board of Education, shall have the right to consolidate two or more districts or parts of districts or to add any part of one district to any other district or to change the line or lines of any district at any time, when in their judgment, the best interests of the schools require such change, into one school district with the purpose of the election of the Board of Trustees and of the location of the school at some central place as hereinbefore provided; but should as many as one-fourth of the patrons of the said school or
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schools object to the consolidation (provided that said one-fourth of said patrons shall consist of at least ten), it shall be the duty of the County Superintendent to call an election to be held in said district or districts affected, giving thirty (30) days' notice of same by publishing the same once a week for four weeks in the paper in which the county advertisements are published, and also by posting notices at least at three or more public places in the district, or districts to be affected thereby, at which election should a majority of the qualified voters vote for consolidation the schools shall be consolidated; otherwise, not. The result of such election shall be determined and declared by the Board of Education and the same shall be held as other elections are held.
1919 School Legislation to Promote Consolidation of Schools.
Sec. 92 (B). Beginning with the year 1923 the State Superintendent of Schools shall set aside Two Hundred Thousand Dollars ($200,000.00) or so much thereof as may be necessary, from the funds derived from the rental of the Western & Atlantic Railroad to aid in the establishment and maintenance of consolidated schools in every county of the State. Where the county authorities by combining smaller schools in whole or in part into a consolidated school with at least four teachers, and where evidence of this fact is furnished by the County Superintendent and Board of Education, the State Superintendent of Schools shall be authorized to transmit Five Hundred Dollars ($500) annually towards the support of this school. If, in addition, the local school authorities provide for a standard four year high school, One Thousand Dollars ($1,000) in addition shall be given from the funds before mentioned which shall be used to aid the local authorities in payment of the salaries of the principal and at least one assistant high school teacher. Such funds for the promotion and aid of consolidation and high school education shall not be sent to two schools in the same county until all the other counties in the State have had the opportunity for this aid. By an amending Act the following sentence was stricken from Sec. 92 B: "Nor shall it be extended in counties in which are located any oj the District Aflricultural Schools."
Note: It is the opinion of the Attorney-General that the $500 and the $1000 mentioned in this law may be used in two-separate schools or combined and paid to one school, if deemed for the best interest of the county as a whole.
The following amendment passed in 1921: It is especially intended and provided by this Act that the high school training of the rural boys and girls of any county may be consolidated at any school in the county where, in the judgment of the county authorities, the best facilities are provided and may be most accessible to the pupils attending; and provided further that county line school districts as well as others may cooperate to receive the benefits of either elementary or high school consolidation.
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The following amendment was passed in 1924: Beginning with the year 1924 the State Superintendent of Schools shall set aside Two Hundred Thousand Dollars ($200,000) or so much thereof as may be necessary, from poll tax collected and paid into the treasury to aid in the establishment and maintenance of consolidated schools in every county
of the State.
Transportation of Pupils.
Sec 93. Whenever the County Board of Education deems it for the best interest of the school, they shall have the right to provide means for the transportation of the pupils and teachers to and from said
school.
Statements by County Superintendents of Sums Due.
Sec 94. On the first Tuesday of each month the County School Superintendent of each county shall, under the approval of the County Board of Education, transmit to the State School Superintendent an itemized statement of the various sums due and unpaid by the County Board of Education on said several dates mentioned in the preceding section whether the same be for teachers' salaries, for pay of the CountySchool Superintendent or for any other item of expense properly chargeable under the law to the County Board of Education, and when said itemized statements have been approved by the State School Superintendent and presented to the Governor, the Governor shall issue his warrants upon the Treasurer for all the funds standing to the credit of each of the several counties upon the books of the Treasurer, or for such part thereof as may be needed to liquidate the indebtedness of the County Board of Education of such county, as shown by each itemized statement aforesaid. And the State Treasurer shall, upon the presentation of the warrants aforesaid, draw his checks for the amount of said warrants in favor of the County School Superintendent of the several
counties, and the State School Superintendent shall immediately transmit said checks to the several County School Superintendents, who shall promptly disburse the money so received in payment of the sums set out in the itemized statement aforesaid; and if the money is not sufficient to pay said sums in full, then it shall be prorated among the various items; provided, that the expenses of administration for each month shall first be paid in full, and the County Boards of Education are hereby authorized to make their contracts in such manner that the amounts payable to teachers for services rendered shall become due
and payable monthly.
Borrowing to Pay Teachers.
Sec 95 The County Boards of Education of the several counties of this State shall have the power and authority whenever they deem it necessary to borrow sufficient amount of money, and no more, to pay for the operation of the public schools of their counties; Provided, that no Board of Education shall have authority under this law to borrow a
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sum of money greater in the aggregate than the sum to which the county may be entitled from the public school fund.
Resolution Authorizing Loan.
Sec. 96. In order for any Board of Education to borrow money for the purpose hereinbefore stated there shall be passed by said Board a resolution authorizing said money to be borrowed, in which resolution it shall be stated the amount of money to be borrowed, the length of time the same is to be used, the rate of interest to be paid and for what purpose borrowed and from whom the same is to be borrowed, which resolution shall be by the County School Superintendent recorded on the minutes of the meetings of said Board of Education.
Term of Loan.
Sec. 97. No money shall be borrowed for any longer time than is necessary and the same shall be paid back out of any funds coming into the hands of the County School Superintendent that can be legally applied to the payment of the same.
Interest.
Sec. 98. Said Board of Education so borrowing money shall borrow the same at as low a rate of interest as possible and they are authorized to pay the interest on said money out of the public school fund for said county.
Reports to Grand Juries.
Sec. 99. At the spring term of the Superior court of each county in this State where money has been borrowed by the Board of Education under the provisions of this law, the County School Superintendent shall include in his report to the grand jury the amount of money so borrowed during the preceding year, from whom borrowed, the rate of interest paid, the date or dates the same was borrowed and when paid back.
Notes for Money.
Sec. 100. After the resolution aforesaid has been passed by any Board of Education the President of the Board of Education, together with the County School Superintendent, shall have the right to execute a note or notes in the name of the Board of Education of said county for any money that is authorized to be borrowed, under the resolution passed by said Board of Education.
Money, How Used.
Sec. 101. When any money shall be borrowed under the provisions of this law, the same shall be paid over to the County School Superintendent and become a part of the public school fund of said county and the same shall be by the County School Superintendent paid out to the
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teachers of said county and the County School Superintendent shall be responsible for any money borrowed under the authority of this law and paid into his hands in the same way and to the same extent that he is responsible for any other public school funds coming into his hands.
Excessive Appropriations.
Sec. 102. It shall be unlawful for any Board of Education to make any contract involving the expenditure of funds in excess of the total appropriation for the current fiscal year. Any indebtedness created, contract made, or order or draft issued in violation thereof shall be void.
Warrants in Anticipation of Revenue.
Sec. 103. For the purpose of anticipating collection of the taxes
of any year, the Governor is authorized to draw his warrant, at the end
of each and every month during any year, in the favor of the State
School Superintendent or of the several county school superintendents
and treasurers of local school systems, in the discretion of the State
Board of Education, for such amount or amounts as are then due the
teachers. Said warrants shall be drawn on the funds appropriated by
the Legislature for any year, and shall not exceed in the aggregate a-
mount the appropriation for the public schools so made for that year.
The honor of the State is pledged to the payment thereof.
Sale of Warrants at Discount.
Sec. 104. It shall be lawful to sell at a discount said warrants to any person, bank, or banking institution, the said sale to be made at the lowest possible rate of discount.
Manual Labor Schools.
Sec. 105. The County Board of Education shall have power to organize in each county one or more manual labor schools on such a plan as may be self-sustaining; provided, that the plan be first approved by the State Board of Education.
Evening Schools.
Sec. 106. The Board of Education of any county or municipaUty shall have power to establish, at such places as they may deem proper, a suitable number of evening or part time schools for the instruction of youths over fourteen years of age who are prevented by their daily vocations from attending the all day schools, subject to such regulations as may be provided by the State Board for Vocational Education.
High Schools.
Sec. 107. The Board of Education of any county or municipality shall have the right to establish one or more high schools or junior high schools as in their opinion may be necessary and may be possible t hrough local taxation funds.
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Department of Industrial Education.
Sec. 108. The Board of Education, or other constituted authorities having charge of the public schools in those counties or municipal corporations having a system of public schools supported by local taxation may open and annex to said public schools, in their discretion, a department of industrial education, in which the students may be taught Agriculture, Home Economics, or Trades and Industries under such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the State Board for Vocational Education. It shall be lawful to procure the necessary equipment and pay teachers and the said Board, or other constituted authority, shall determine the number of such schools, the place where located, and the terms or sessions of same-, together with the ages at which children may attend the same.
School Fund.
Sec. 109. That 50 per cent of all revenues received by the State from all sources of income or taxation shall be used and expended for the support and maintenance of the common schools of Georgia for the year in which said income or taxes are due and payable. This section to go into effect January 1, 1922.
Free Tuition, Etc.
Sec. 110. Admission to all common schools shall be gratuitous to all children between the ages of six and eighteen years inclusive, residing in the sub-districts in which the schools are located. Colored and white children shall not attend the same school; and no teacher receiving or teaching white and colored pupils in the same school shall be allowed any compensation at all out of the common school fund.
County Line Schools.
Sec. 111. In special cases to meet the demand of convenience, children residing in one sub-district may by express permission of the county Board, attend the common school of another sub-district, and when a common school is located near a county line, children from an adjoining county shall be permitted to attend the school; provided, such children reside nearer such school or said school is more accessible to the residences of such children than any public school in the county of their residence. In such cases the teachers shall report separately the pupils from each county, but make the reports to the superintendent of the county in which the school is located, and with which superintendent the teacher shall contract and from whom she shall receive her pay; but such superintendent shall report to the superintendent of the other county, and shall be reimbursed by him for the proportionate amounts paid for maintenance of said school in the ratio of the attendance from the other county to the whole attendance. Arrangement for attendance upon county line schools is under the authority and direction of the superintendents concerned representing their respective boards and provisions shall be made for such children Just as for others.
County Entitled to Part Fund.
Sec. 112. As soon as the County Board shall communicate satisfactory evidence to the State School Superintendent that arrangements have been made, by taxation or otherwise, for continuing the common schools, free to all, for at least six months in the year, throughout the entire county, said county shall be deemed and held entitled to draw her proportionate part of the State funds.
Failure to Arrange for Schools.
Sec. 113. Whenever a Board of Education shall fail in any year to make arrangements to put schools in operation, it shall forfeit all right to participation in the school funds of that year, unless the failure to arrange for such schools was from Providential cause, or other good and sufficient reason, to be judged of by the State Board of Education.
Liability for and Disbursement of Funds.
Sec. 114. When the funds drawn under apportionment, and any fund raised by local taxation, are placed in the hands of any County Superintendent, he shall be holder for all amounts received on his official bond as treasurer, and shall disburse the same only upon the order of the County Board of Education, and the said County Superintendent shall not be entitled to compensation for receiving any funds as herein pro-
vided.
School Fund to be Kept Separate.
Sec. 115. When said common school fund shall be received and receipted for, it shall be the duty of the officer authorized by law to receive such fund and keep the same separate and distinct from other funds, and said funds shall be used for educational purposes, and none other, and shall not be invested in bonds of this State, or in other stock, except when investment is necessary to carry out the conditions of an endowment, devise, gift, or bequest; and when taxes are paid into the Treasury of the State the Comptroller-General shall in no case receipt a tax-collector for the same until that part of the tax so paid in, which was raised for school purposes, is separated in amount from the gross amount paid in.
Property Exempt from Taxation.
Sec. 116. Each and every lot or parcel or land which has been, or may be hereafter, obtained by any County Board of Education for the use of common schools, together with any school buildings erected thereon and all school furniture, shall be exempt from all taxes, and from levy and sale under any execution or other writ or order in the nature of an execution; provided, the lot of land so exempted shall not exceed four acres and if there be any excess over that number of acres, then that portion not to exceed four acres, most convenient for school purposes, shall be exempt as aforesaid, the exempted portion to be set off by order
of the County Board.
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ARTICLE VI.
LOCAL TAX FOR PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
Since the passage of the Elders-Carswell measure amending these local tax laws, the Attorney-General has rendered the following opinion:
Attorney-General's Opinion.
August 12, 1921.
The Constitutional Amendment, ratified in November, 1920, requireing the tax levying authorities in each county to levy not less than one mill and not more than five mills--the rate to be fixed by the county board of education--has, of course, modified several of the sections relating to local tax. The following opinion from Attorney-General George M. Napier makes clear the requirements of this amendment and the present law as to county, district and municipal taxation.
"Under this new law, above stated, it is absolutely the duty of the county authorities to levy a tax for county purposes on the recommendation of the Board of Education of such county, and to assess and collect taxes for the support of the public schools in such county, of not less than one mill nor more than five mills on the dollar on all taxable property of the county outside of independent local systems. This is to be in accordance with the rate fixed or recommended by the Board of Education and this fund to be distributed equitably, or ratably according to the school population, tax values and the number of teachers in such public schools.
It seems that under this amendment to the Constitution, adopted by the people of Georgia by a larger majority than any other amendment was adopted, it is mandatory upon the County authorities who have control of the levying of taxes. In other words, when the Board of Education recommends the levy of a tax, anywhere between one mill and five mills, that makes it the duty of such county authorities to levy such taxes.
This does not require any election by the people whatsoever. However, the additional levy just referred to is permissible to independent local systems, municipalities, or school districts, when a two-thirds vote of the people in such district is favorable to such additional levy. What I am speaking of is the requirement of every county in Georgia to assist the cause of education by a levy of taxes for that purpose".
School Districts.
Sec. 117. As soon thereafter as practicable, it shall be the duty of the County Board of Education of each county in Georgia to lay off the county into school districts, the lines of which shall be clearly and positively defined by boundaries sucli as creeks, public roads, land lots, district lines or county lines. The school district thus marked out shall
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contain an area of not less than sixteen square miles: provided, that the Board of Education may have the right to establish districts with areas less than sixteen square miles where there are natural causes or local conditions that make it necessary to do so. The natural causes which will permit the creation of smaller districts are mountains, streams over which there are no bridges, and dangerous roads. Local conditions which will permit the creation of small districts must be determin-
ed by the Board of Education.
Local Tax Districts Across County Lines.
Sec 118 Bv concurrent consent and action, Boards of Education of two or more adjoining counties may lay off and define school districts without regard to county lines; provided, that the Board of Education of the county in which the school house is located shall have supervision of same and provided, that the ordinary of the county in which the school house is located shall order the election; and provided, that the tax-collector of each county from which territory has been cut, shall collect the school tax levies by the trustees of the school district thus formed in the territory cut from his county and shall pay the same when collected to the authorized officer of the board. And provided further, if either county votes county-wide local taxation for schools, thus automatically absorbing existing local tax districts into the county-wide system, that in such cases that part of any existing local tax district lying outside of the county so voting the county-wide local school tax shall be also automatically included for purposes of school support and administration in the county so voting the county-wide local school tax so as not to interfere with existing local school conditions.
Failure to Lay off Districts.
Sec 119 The failure on the part of any Board of Education to perform the duties required by this article shall be immediately inquired into by the first grand jury sitting after such neglect of duty, and if sa;d grand jury shall find any member or members of said board have failed to perform their duty it shall report the same to the judge of the superior Court, who shall cause a rule nisi to issue against such member or members, and they shall be heard by the judge in their own behalf; if the said member or members cannot give a good and sufficient reason why they have not performed their duties as required by this article, they shall be discharged, and the said judge shall fill the vacancies un-
til the next grand jury shall meet.
Election of Trustees.
Sec 120 Within ninety days after the Board of Education has laid off the county as required in Section 1531, said Board may or may not order the citizens of the several sehool dist icts to hold an election or the purpose of electing three trustees for each district in the county. The election shall be held at a time and place, and in a manner prescribed by the County Board of Education. The trustees shall be mtelli-
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gent citizens of good moral character who are known to be earnest supporters of public education, and they shall serve one for three years, one for two years and one for one year, as the County Board o Education may determine. In districts containing incorporated towns there may be five trustees, one of whom shall be elected for one year, two for two years, and two for three years. The notice of their election shall be filed by the election managers with the County School Superintendent, who shall submit the same to the County Board of Education for their approval. After the local board of trustees have been approved and properly commissioned by the County Board of Education it shall meet immediately and organize by electing one of its members president, and one secretary and treasurer. If the County Board of Education should consider any member or members unqualified for the work, they shall refuse to confirm the election of such member or members and require the citizens of a district at a time and place and in a manner prescribed by the County Board of Education to elect others. At the expiration of the term of office of the members thus elected the citizens of a district shall meet at a time and place, and in a manner prescribed by the County Board of Education, and elect their successors, who must be approved by the County Board of Education as hereinbefore provided, and the election shall be for a term of three years. If any member should refuse to act, or should be guilty of any conduct unbecoming the dignity of a school trustee, the County Board of Education shall have the right, upon a written complaint of a majority of the voters of the district, to remove said member and have his successor elected as hereinbefore provided. But no trustee shall be removed from office without sufficient proof, and he shall be served with a copy of such complaint at least ten days prior to the day set for the hearing, when such trustee shall be afforded an opportunity to be heard in his defense.
Duties of Trustees; Bond of Treasurer.
Sec. 121. When trustees are elected, they shall be commissioned by the County Superintendent and Board of Education through certificates furnished by the State Superintendent of Schools. This certificate shall be the warrant for the trustee to enter upon the performance of the duties of his office. These duties are as follows:
To visit the schools as often as practicable; to inspect the school work done; to make recommendations to the Board of Education for the advancement of the school interests; to aid, by recommendation of desirable applicants, the County Superintendent and Board of Education in securing teachers; in keeping the school house and grounds in good condition and equipped for good work; to aid the county educational authorities in keeping the school supplied with fuel, water, and proper sanitary necessities; to make a written report once a year and oftener, if necessary, to the County Board of Education, and in addition the Trustee appointed as Treasurer shall keep an accurate account of monies received and paid out in a substantially bound book and submit a report each year to the County Superintendent and the State School
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Auditor. Further, the treasurer shall make proper bond payable to the County Board of Education. In the event of failure to make this bond as required, all funds raised by local taxation, or otherwise, shall be paid over to the County Board of Education, to be disbursed by order of that
body.
Local Tax Election for County.
Sec 122. Whenever the citizens of any county wish to supplement the public school fund received from the State by levying a tax upon the property of the county, it shall be the duty of the Ordinary to order an election, not earlier than twenty days, nor later than sixty days after receiving a petition of one-fourth of the qualified voters of the county unless the number of qualified voters in a county shall exceed ^e thousand in which event the Ordinary shall order the election after receivng a Petition of one-tenth of said voters; and notice shall be published in at least three weekly issues of the county newspaper in which legal advertisements of the county are published. Said election shall be held as ordinary county elections are held. Those favoring the levying of the Sea ax shall vote "For local tax for public schools"; those opposed shall vote "Against local tax for public schools." The return of aid election shall be made to the Ordinary of the county, who shall declare the results, and two-thirds of those voting shall be necessary to cany said election for local taxation for public schools. An election for the same purpose shall not be held oftener than every twelve months. No Person shall be allowed to vote in said election except those regularly qualified to vote in the State and county elections. If the election is carried for local taxation, the Ordinary or Board of County Commission-
ers, whichever levies the county tax shaU levy a local tax as recommended by the County Board of Education, or such board of public education whether established by a general or local law, as has control of the public schools of the county, upon all the property of the county, not to exceed one-half of one per cent., and the same shall be collected by'the county tax-collector and paid by him to the County Board of Education or such board of public education, whether established by a general or local law, as has control of the public schools of the county. The county tax-collector shall keep the funds thus collected separate and distinct from all county and State funds and he shall receive a commission of two and one-half per cent, for collecting the same. He shall pay over to the Board of Education all monies collected for the schools once a month. Provided, that if there be an incorporated town m a county holding an election as provided in this Section now operating a public school system, it shall not be included in the election without the consent of the municipal authorities, but if the municipal authorities should so wish, they may abolish their system by a special Act of the Legislature and avail themselves of the provisions of this article This section shall not be construed as abridging or impairing any right of taxation for public schools now possessed by any educational board of any
county of this State under existing laws.
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Election Expenses.
Sec. 123. The expense of an election held in a county or district to determine whether there shall be local taxation for the support of common or public schools, as provided for under the legislation generally known as the McMichael Act, should be paid by the county and should not be taken from the common or public school fund.
Election for School Districts.
Sec. 124. Whenever the citizens of any school district wish to supplement the funds received from the State public school fund by levying a tax for educational purposes, they shall present a petition from onefourth of the qualified voters of the district to the Ordinary who shall order the election not earlier than twenty days nor later than sixty days after the petition is received; provided, that notice of same shall be posted m at least three conspicuous places in the district ten days prior to the election. The election shall be held at a time and place prescribed by the proper authorities, and under rules governing ordinary elections. Those favoring local taxation for public schools shall vote "For local taxation for public schools"; those opposed shall vote "Against local taxation for public schools." The returns of said election shall be made to the Ordinary of the county, who shall declare the results, and two-thirds of those voting shall be necessary to carry the election for local taxation for public schools. No person shall vote in said election except the regularly qualified voters residing in the district six months prior to the election. An election for the same purpose shall not be held oftener than every twelve months.
Local Tax Election for Municipalities.
Sec. 125. Any municipality authorized by law to establish and maintain a system of public schools by local taxation, in whole or in part and which is not now specifically authorized to hold an election on the question of local taxation for school purposes, shall have the right to submit the question of local tax for public schools to the qualified voters of the municipality. Upon petition of one-fourth of the qualified voters of such municipality, the municipal authorities shall order an election to be held not earlier than forty days after receiving such petition. Notice of such election shall be published in a newspaper in the municipality at least once a week for two weeks before the election, or, if there be no such newspaper, then notice of such election shall be posted in at least three conspicuous places within the municipality ten days prior to the election. Those favoring local taxation for public schools shall have written or printed on their ballots "For local taxation for public schools," and those opposed shall have written or printed on their ballots "Against local taxation for public schools." The returns of such election shall be made and the result declared, as prescribed for other elections in and for the municipality. Two-thirds of those voting shall be necessary to carry the election for local taxation. An election
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.for'the purpose Herein named shall not be held oftener than once every
twelve months.
Election to Repeal.
Sec. 126. An election for repealing the local tax law provided for in this article when the same has been established for over three years shall be called as in the first instance. And if abolished by vote under similar regulations as in first instance, no new election for recreating same shall be called within one year. If not abolished by vote, no election for the same purpose shall be called within one year. Provided, that in the event such election is favorable to the repealing of the local tax as aforesaid, the then existing board of trustees of such district or county shall be empowered, authorized and directed to continue to levy and collect tax in such district or county to meet all of the then existing legal obligations and the indebtedness of such district and county
and pay off the same.
Local School Systems.
Sec. 127. Authority is given by the Constitution to municipalities to establish and maintain public or common schools in their respective limits by local taxation. It is not in accordance with the laws of this State to incorporate a school district and mark off a town inside of it, the town to exercise all the municipal functions and the school district none. It shall not be legal to establish the form of a municipal corporation m a rural district with practically no other powers nor purpose than the local control and management of the schools of that teritory.
School Systems in Cities and Towns.
Sec. 128. Nothing in this chapter shall be so construed as to prevent any city with a population greater than two thousand inhabitants, or any county or town under the authority of the General Assembly of this State, from organizing a public school system independent of this system, or to prevent said organization from drawing its pro rata share of all educational funds raised by the State; provided, the chief executive officer of such independent organization shall make the same regular reports to the State School Superintendent as are required from County Superintendent by this article. Nothing contained in this article shall be construed to annul or repeal any local law now of force in any city or county in this State providing for the organization and maintenance of the common or public schools in such city or county.
Trustees and Secretary. Powers and Duties.
Sec. 129. In those districts which levy a local tax for educational purposes the board of trustees shall make all rules and regulations to govern the schools of the districts, and build and equip school houses under the approval of the County Board of Education. They shall have the right to fix the rate of tuition for non-resident pupils and to fix the salaries of the teachers. They shall receive from the County Board of
45
Education the share of public school funds apportioned to the district by the County Board of Education. They shall determine the amount necessary to be raised by local tax on all the property of the district. The Secretary of the Board of Trustees of said district, with the aid of the County School Superintendent of said county, shall ascertain from the tax returns made to the tax receiver and from the returns made to the Comptroller-General, the total value of all of the property in said district subject to taxation for county purposes, and a regular digest of all such property in said district, shall be made by said secretary in a book furnished by the Board of Trustees and kept for that purpose. At or before the time of fixing the rate of taxation for said county, the secretary of each local Board of Trustees, with the aid of the County School Superintendent, shall levy such rate on the property thus found as will raise the total amount to be collected; provided, that such rate shall not exceed one-half of one per cent. The County Superintendent of each county, at or before the time for fixing the rate of said county by the Ordinary thereof, or the County Board of Commissioners, as the case may be, shall certify to the said Ordinary, or said Board of Commissioners, as the case may be, and to the Comptroller-General of the State the rate of taxation fixed for each school district in the county, and said taxing authority of said county shall levy such special tax the same time and in the same manner as is now prescribed for levying taxes for county purposes.
A copy of the special tax digest of said local tax district shall be furnished by the secretary of the local Board of Trustees to the taxcollector of the county.
Tax Collector, Duties of.
Sec. 130. It shall be the duty of the tax-collector to compute and collect said taxes, keeping the same separate by school districts from the county and State funds, and monthly turn same over to the secretary of such local school districts, as well as tax received for said district from railroads and other corporatons that make their returns to the Comptroller-General taking the receipt for the same upon order from the County School Superintendent, and said tax-collector shall receive as compensation thereof two and one-half per cent, of the amount collected up to eighteen thousand dollars ($18,000.00), and one and onefourth per cent on any additional amount collected.
Tax Returns of Citizens.
Sec. 131. In any case in which it is impossible to determine from tax returns made to the tax receiver of the county the value of the property of any citizen situated in any school district and subject to taxation in said district, the secretary of the Board of Trustees shall issue a summons to said taxpayer requiring him to make returns within five days to said secretary of his property situated in said district and subject to taxation for school purposes. Should said return be unsatisfac-
46
tory to said secretary, he shall reject the same and submit said returns to arbitration as Is now provided by law for such cases when returns are
rejected by tax receivers.
Corporate Property Subject to Taxation.
Sec. 132. All property, both real and personal, including franchises belonging to railroads, telegraph and telephone companies, and to all other corporations which are now required to make their returns to the Comptroller-General of this State, which is in the taxable limit of any school district shall be, and the same is, hereby made subject to taxation by said school districts as fully and completely as is the property of the other corporations within such taxable limits.
Returns of Corporate Property and Distribution for Taxation.
Sec. 133. It is the duty of every such corporation in this State, in addition to the facts now required to be performed in their returns to the Comptroller-General to also show in said returns the value of such corporation's property in each of said school districts through which it runs. And for the purpose of enabling such corporation to show in said returns the value of its property in such school districts it is hereby made the duty of the County Superintendent of Schools of each county to furnish on or before January 1, 1907, to each such corporation information as to the boundaries of each school district in which such corporation may have property, such as will enable such corporation to determine the amount of its property in such district, and he shall also furnish similar information whenever the boundaries of any school district may be changed.
The rolling-stock, franchises and other personal property of said cor porations shall be distributed to said school districts on the same basis that rolling-stock, franchises and other personal property are distributed to counties and municipalities under the law; that is, as the value of the property located in the particular district is to the whole located property, real and personal of said corporation such shall be the amount of rolling-stock, franchises, and other personal property to be distributed for taxing purposes to each school district.
Other Provisions Made Applicable.
Sec. 134. All of the other provisions of Article 7, Sections 1036, 1037, 1038 1039 1040, 1041, Georgia Code, so far as they can be applied are applicable to the assessment and collection of taxes of all such companies and corporations which are now required by law to make their returns to the Comptroller-General, by and for school districts in this State upon the property and franchises of such companies located m such school districts and upon the rolling-stock, franchises and other personal property distributed under the provisions of this article. The Board of Education must exercise supervision over the local tax as well as the other districts under its jurisdiction and is authorized to distribute and
47
apportion the public or common school fund to the different school
districts of the county either on the salary basis of the teachers, or else
^cording to enrollment or attendance, as may be for the best interest of the district and county as a whole.
Secretary and Treasurer, Reports by, and Compensation of.
Sec. 135. The Board of Trustees may have the right to pay the secretary and treasurer a commission on the amount of local tax collected not to exceed two and one-half per cent., but there shall be no commission allowed on the amount received from the State. They shall furnish quarterly to the County Board of Education a statement showing all receipts, disbursements, and cash on hand. They shall also furnish statement showing the school population, enrollment, average attendance, course of study and other data the County Board of Education may require whenever called upon to do so.
Bond of Treasurer.
Sec. 136 It shall be the duty of the treasurer or the secretary and treasurer of any Board of Trustees of a public school receiving money raised by local taxation for public schools, to make a good and sufficient bond for the faithful performance of his duties, payable to the County Board of Education in a sum not less than double the amount of money likely to be received by him during his term of office, the amount and sufficiency of said bond to be judged by the County Board of Educa-
BRonaTrd'7of^ EduacmatiUonnt. may be increased ln the discretion of the County
Failure to Give Bond.
Sec 1.37. In the event the treasurer or secretary and treasurer as aforesaid shall fail to make the bond as required in section 1543 (a) Georgia Code, then and in that event, any money raised by local taxation for public schools or otherwise, which under the laws should have been paid over to the Treasurer or the Secretary and Treasurer, shall be paid over to the County Board of Education to be by them paid out on ; "I?*1* 0f the Board of trustees of such school district in the man" ner other moneys are paid out by them.
Method of Disbursement.
nnt tT 138; The treasurer or secretary and treasurer as aforesaid shall BBooVaid?ZofZTruaT steems, nseigynaeSdhbeW y tihneMpSrehsainddens't eoxrcecphtaiurPmann,thoef owrhdiecrhohf ethies
arreeaceiotrfo0r the nX f
.T^^^ eXptern6daeSdUorrerp-aidHeouSth>&wUhfiU chrtshhearllinbea1a1ttcaacshesedta, ktoe
the ordei for same, which when properly done, shall constitute a proper
voucher for the money thus paid out.
Audit of Books and Accounts of Treasurer.
shalflLn9L^ trefSUrer or the secretary and treasurer as aforesaid, shall keep an accurate account of all moneys received and paid out by
48
him in a substantially bound book, which together with all vouchers, shall be submitted once each year to the County Superintendent of Schools to be audited by the State Auditor when he shall audit the County Superintendent's books, but the County Board of Education may direct that any other competent person audit these books.
Application of This Law.
Sec 140. The provisions of this law shall apply to all school districts which have adopted or may adopt local taxation for public schools under the district plan as provided under this Code. This law shall not apply to any municipal system of schools in this State.
Elections, How Governed.
Sec 141 All elections held under the provisions of this article shall be governed as to registration and qualifications of voters as the general law governing special elections provides.
General School Laws to be Observed.
Sec 142 While it is the purpose and spirit of this article to encourage individual action and local self-help upon the part of the school districts, it is expressly understood that the general school laws of this State as administered by the County Board of Education shall be ob-
served.
ARTICLE VII.
BUILDING SCHOOL HOUSES IN LOCAL TAX DISTRICTS. AS AMENDED IN 1921.
Election for Bonds to Build and Equip School Houses.
Sec 143 When one-fourth of the registered qualified voters of a school district, consolidated district or county, in which a local tax is now or may hereafter be levied for school purposes, or of a district m a county now levying a local tax, shall be filed with the Board of Trustees or Board of Education of such a school district, consolidated district or county, a petition asking for an election for the purpose of determining whether or not bonds shall be issued for the purpose of building and equiping a school house or houses for said school district consolidated district or county, the required number of petitioners to be determined by said Board of Trustees, or Board of Education, it shall be the duty of said Board of Trustees, or Board of Education, to fix the amount, denomination, rate of interest, and dates when due, and call such election in terms of law now provided for a county issue of bonds, except as herein otherwise provided. The said Board of Trustees or Board of Education, in case the election is for a bond issue, shall follow the law as required of county authorities as embodied in Section 440 et seq., of the Code of 1914, Volume 1, in the issue thereof. Said Board of Trustees or Board of Education, may order such election to be held
49
OK the sehool site or other suitable place in the school district, consolidated district or county, of which they shall give notice by posting same at three public places in said school district, consolidated district or county, not less than ten days previous to said election. None but registered qualified voters shall be permitted to vote in said election. The Tax Collector shall furnish a certified list of registered voters in such school district, consolidated district or county, to the managers of the election ten days before such election is held. The ballots cast shall have written or printed thereon "For School House," or "Against School House." The ballots cast and the voting list shall be lodged with the Board of Trustees, or Board of Education, who shall declare the result Said Board of Trustees, or Board of Education, or a majority of them, shall be the election managers, and if for any reason they fail to act' any three freeholders of the school district, consolidated district or county, may qualify and act. Said Board of Education shall have nothing to do with the location of the school site in local Districts except on appeal.
Proceeds of Bonds, How Held and Used.
Sec. 144. Should bonds be issued and sold, the proceeds shall be turned over to the Board of Trustees, or Board of Education, in trust for the purpose of erecting a school building or buildings which said Board of Trustees, or Board of Education, may deem suitable Said Board of Trustees, or Board of Education, is authorized to remove, sell or otherwise dispose of old buildings, or buildings and grounds and select a new site and erect a new building thereon, and add to the proceeds from the sale of bonds any other proceeds which may come from disposition of building or buildings and site, or from donations or otherwise, all to be held in trust to be used for the purpose aforesaid, and no compensation shall be paid to said Board of Trustees, or Board of Education, nor any member thereof for service. Said Board of Education shall have nothing to do with the location of the school site in local districts except on appeal.
Sec. 145. In all counties of this State in which a local tax is now or may hereafter be levied for school purposes, throughout the entire county, or throughout the entire county except that part embraced within the incorporated limits of a municipality or municipalities, when one-fourth of the registered qualified voters of such territory shall file with the Board of Education of such county, a petition asking for an election for the purpose of determining whether or not bonds shall be issued for the purpose of building and equipping a school house or school houses for said county, or for the purpose of purchasing sites and buildings to be used for such purposes, or for the purpose of purchasing a site and erecting school houses thereon, either one or all, the required number of petitioners to be determined by said Board of Education it shall be the duty of said Board of Education to fix the amount, denomination, rate of interest, and dates when due, and call such election in terms of law now provided or which may hereafter be provided for a
50
county issue of bonds, except as herein otherwise provided. Said Board of Education shall order such election to be held at the various polling places throughout the county or throughout the territory to be affected, of which they shall give notice by publication thereof once a week for four weeks previous to said election in the newspaper in which the legal advertisements of said county are published. None but registered qualified voters residing within the territory to be affected shall be permitted to vote in said election. The Tax Collector shall furnish a certified list of registered voters in such county, or in the territory to be affected, to the managers of the election ten days previous to said election, and after the same has been purged by the Board of Registrars as now provided by law in cases of special elections. The ballots cast shall have written or printed thereon , "For School House Bonds" and "Against School House Bonds." The managers of the election, including such clerks as may be necessary, shall be appointed by the ordinary. The polls shall remain open during the hours as now fixed by law for general elections; the returns of the election, including all ballots cast, tally sheets, voters lists and other papers relating to the election shall be made to the ordinary, who shall on the day following said election consolidate the vote and declare the result. In the event that two-thirds of the votes cast at said election shall be in favor of "School House Bonds," and such two-thirds is also a majority of all of the voters qualified to vote in said election, then the bonds shall be issued and sold, under all of the regulations now provided by law for other county bonds; the proceeds shall be turned over to the Board of Education in trust for
the purpose or purposes aforesaid. Said Board shall be authorized to remove sell or otherwise dispose of old buildings or buildings and grounds and select new sites and erect new buildings thereon, or to contract for and purchase site or sites and buildings, and add the proceeds of the sale of any such property to the proceeds from the sale of the bonds, and all to be held in trust for the purposes aforesaid; and no compensation or commission shall be paid to said Board of Education nor any member thereof for services rendered in this respect.
The county authorities, in levying and assessing taxes for the pur pose of paying the interest and retiring and paying off of said bonds shall in the event that the entire county is not embraced within the area 'or territory in which said election is held, levy and assess such taxes only against the property located within the area or territory within which said election is held. For the purpose of taking care of and paying the principal and interest of these bonds for the district, consolidated district, or county, the Board of Trustees or Board of Education shall recommend and the Board of County Commissioners or Ordinary, as the case may be, shall levy upon the property subject to taxation m the school district, consolidated district, or county, as the case may be, such tax as may be necessary to provide a sinking fund for the retirement of said bonds, and for paying the principal thereof and the interest thereon; this to be in addition to the general tax for the maintenance
of the schools of said territory.
51
ARTICLE VIII. COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS Election. Term.
Sec. 146. The office of County Superintendent of Education shall be substituted for the office of County School Commissioner; provided that the persons now holding the office of County School Commissioner shall continue to serve as County Superintendent of Schools during the remainder of the term for which they were elected respectively.
Terms of County Superintendents.
Sec. 147 The term of office of County Superintendent of Schools
n each and every county of the State of Georgia shall begin with the
Ml 7 Ti HTary> 1913' and terminate TMth ^e first day of January, 917. and said County Superintendent of Schools shall be elected for a
HfZ
I yearS ^ nW provided by law at the same time and place
as State and county officers. Provided, if there is in the county one or
CCooTunnt/yv
SseuPp<emrdiT ntendTen0t0, 1
SySt6mS n0t
the voters of
Und6r
such
itnhdeepseunpdeervnitsiosynsteomf thoer
systems shall not vote in the election for County Superintendent The
term of office of all County Superintendents of Schools beginning during
the year 1912, shall continue until the first day of January, 1917 or
until their successors are elected and qualified as is now provided by
Vacancies, How Filled.
Sec 148. In the case of a vacancy caused by death, resignation or removal from office, or from any cause whatsoever, in the office of County Superintendent of Schools in any county in this State, the County Board
unexp^rrm ^ * ^^ Superintend-t of Schools for the
Qualifications of County Superintendents.
no*f
ne' I*9* Befre any Pel'SOn Sha11 be Qualified or eligible to the County Superintendent of Schools, he shall have had at least
office three
years practical experience in teaching, hold a first-grade high school
license, or in lieu thereof shall have a diploma from a literaryCollege or
normal school, or shall have had five years' experience in the actua
SSttaate^eBToarrdd afs :toChhris1Sq' uarlifSictaantidonasn, baePParpVeresdonlaomf ignoaotdiomnorbael cohreartacl-
ter, never convicted of any crime involving moral turpitude. The County
Superintendent shall perform all the clerical duties which are now r2 quired of the County School Commissioner.
Before being eligible to qualify for election, candidates for the nn sition must file at the State Department of Education a certificate as to"
SToMn.tCrreimfifiCnattU e nmdUerSt?bJe STlgneTM d b^'ft"he
fUr TMthdS P-scribed President of the Board of
bylaw Educa-
52
Bond.
Sec. 150. The County Superintendent of Schools must give bond with good security (surety company preferred) payable to the County Board of Education, the amount to be decided by the Board. This bond must be filed with the Ordinary and a copy recorded on the Ordinary's records.
Compensation.
Sec. 151. Each County School Superintendent within the State of Georgia shall receive a minimum salary of $450.00 per annum, and an annual allowance of $150.00 for the purpose of defraying the expenses of visiting the schools within his county at least every sixty (60) days, or a total of $600.00, which salary shall be paid out of the school funds of Georgia monthly; and in addition thereto, the County Board of Education shall allow such additional compensation for the services to be rendered as may be in their judgment proper and just.
Oath.
Sec. 152. Before entering upon the discharge of his official duties the said Superintendent shall take and subscribe to the same oath required of the other officers of this State.
Removal from Office Successor.
Sec. 153. The County School Superintendent may be removed from office before the expiration of his term by a majority vote of the Board of Education for inefficiency, incapacity, neglect of duty, or malfeasance or corruption in office; provided, that any Superintendent so removed shall have the right of appeal from the action of the County Board to the State School Superintendent, and from the State School Superintendent' to the State Board of Education.
Duties.
Sec. 154. The County School Superintendent shall constitute the medium of communication between the State School Superintendent and the subordinate school officers. He shall be the agent of the County Board in procuring such school furniture, apparatus, and educational requisites as they may order, and shall see that none but the prescribed text-books are used by the pupils: shall audit all accounts before an application is made to the County Board for an order for payment; he shall procure a book in which he shall keep a record of his official acts, which together with all the books, papers and property appertaining to his office, he shall turn over to his successor. It shall be his duty to enforce all regulations, rules, and instructions of the State Superintendent of Schools and of the County Board of Education according to the laws of the State and the rules and regulations made by the said State Board of Education that are not in conflict with the State laws; and he shall, together with the State Supervisors, superintend the county
53
normals and institutes for the teachers of his county, and shall visit every school, both white and colored, within his school district which receives State aid, at least once every sixty (60) days and familiarize himself with the studies taught in said schools, see what advancement is being made by the pupils, advise with the teachers and otherwise aid and assist in the advancement of education.
Examination and Suspension of Teachers.
Sec. 155. He shall superintend examinations of all teachers of his county as provided by law. He shall hereafter suspend any teacher under his supervision for a non-performance of duty, incompetency immorality or inefficiency, and for other good and sufficient cause, from which decision the teacher may appeal to the County Board of Education, and either being dissatisfied with their decision, they can appeal to the State Superintendent or from there to the State Board of Education, the decision of which shall be final.
Seal to be Placed Upon Teacher's License.
Sec. 156. County School Superintendents shall place upon all teachers' licenses issued by them the seal of the Board of Education of the county for which they are Superintendents.
Office of Superintendent in Court House.
Sec. 157. The county authorities of the different counties of this State shall furnish the County School Superintendents thereof an office in the court house; provided, there is sufficient room in said court house after furnishing the county officers with offices as now provided by law.
Who May Administer Oaths.
Sec. 158. The County School Superintendent and members of the County Boards of Education are authorized to administer oaths necessary m transacting business or in conducting investigations before the County Boards when sitting as judicial tribunals for determining controversies arising under school laws.
Report of County Superintendents.
Sec. 159. It shall be the duty of the County School Superintendent to make a report of the school operations of the preceding year to the grand jury, at the spring term of the court, and to place his books before them for examination; and in making up the general presentments it shall be the duty of the jury to take proper notice of the matters thus brought to their attention.
Examination and Licenses of Teachers.
Sec. 160. The County Superintendents shall examine all applicants for licenses to teach in their respective counties, giving previous public notice of the day upon which the examinations are to take place and said Superintendents shall be allowed to employ such persons as they
54
think proper to assist in these examinations. Said examinations shall be held throughout the State on days to be fixed by the State School Superintendent, and on questions prepared and sent out by him to the County School Superintendents. The State School Superintendent shall prepare and supply the County School Superintendent with printed instructions as to grading applicants by a uniform grade, and shall fix the lowest standard for each class of licenses.
No applicant for teachers' licenses shall be examined on any other day than the one above described except in cases where the County Board of Education shall order a special examination; no special examination shall be ordered by said Board except for good and sufficient reasons and to meet some special emergency. In such cases the questions shall be prepared by the County School Superintendent, or by some competent person under his authority, and their contents shall not be made known to the applicant or applicants until the examination actually commences; said examination shall be conducted under the same rules and regulations as are provided by law for other examinations, but the licenses granted shall be valid until the next examination ordered by the State School Superintendent. The County Board of Education shall have power, If they deem best, to employ teachers at a salary.
Schools Locally Established and Maintained.
Sec 161. It is not the intention of this law to repeal or interfere with the laws which have been enacted establishing local tax district schools, municipal schools, or other schools already established by law, except that no person shall be allowed to teach in any school in the State of Georgia receiving State aid without first standing an examination and procuring a license as provided by the State Board of Education and State Superintendent; provided they are hereby authorized and directed to prescribe and require a different examination of teachers who are engaged in teaching primary grades only from that required of teachers of higher grades; provided, nevertheless, that the State Board of Education may, when the authorities in charge of any local municipal schools are maintaining a sufficiently high standard of examinations for its teachers, delegate to the authorities of these systems the right to license teachers to teach in their respective systems, upon examinations to be provided by such local authorities, reserving, however to the State Board of Education the right to revoke this delegation of authority as to any local system whenever it appears that the authorities of that system have relaxed the standard or failed to give examina' tion Nothing herein contained shall be construed as affecting the right of the authorities of local municipal systems to prescribe the course of study therein, or select text-books, in those schools where they are now
allowed to do so by law.
Local County and Municipal Systems.
Sec 162 None of the provisions of this Article 161 shall apply to local county school systems which were in existence at the time of the
55
adoption of the Constitution of 1877. Nor shall any of the provisions of this article apply to the school system of any municipality having a population of one hundred thousand people or more.
Grading of Applicants.
Sec. 163. It shall be the duty of the County School Superintendent to grade the applicants according to the instructions furnished them by the State School Superintendent, submitting his report and recommendations thereon in writing to the County Board of Education, who shall grant to the applicants licenses of the first, second or third grade to be determined by the qualifications exhibited and the standard attained ; provided, they shall attain at least the lowest grade-mark fixed by the State School Superintendent for each grade; and provided, further, that each applicant submits with his or her examination paper satisfactory evidence in writing of good moral character. A license of the first grade shall continue in force for three years, a license of the second grade for two years, and a license for the third grade for one year, which said licenses shall entitle teachers holding them to be employed for and during the period of their licenses in any of the common schools of the county wherein issued. Licenses, to be good in another county other than the one in and for which they are issued, must be endorsed by the County School Superintendent of the county in which the applicant desires to teach.
Revocation of Licenses.
Sec. 164. The County Superintendent shall have power, and it shall be his duty, to revoke licenses granted by him, or his predecessors for incompetency, immorality, cruelty to pupils, or neglect of his duties and the revocation of the license of any teacher shall terminate the connection of said teacher with any school in which he may have been employed to teach; but any teacher so dismissed shall have the right to appeal to the County Board of Education whose decision shall be final.
Intent to Defraud.
Sec. 165. Whoever, with intent to defraud the State or any county town or city, or any person, shall falsely and fraudulently make, forge' alter or counterfeit, or cause or procure to be falsely and fraudulently made forged, altered or counterfeited, or willingly aid or assist in falsely and fraudently making, forging, altering or counterfeiting any certificate or license issued by any County School Superintendent of this State, or the executive officer of any local school board to a teacher shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and upon conviction therefor shall be punished as prescribed by section 231 of the Code of 1917, Volume 6.
Duties of Teachers.
ta t60' lt6\,^fter l6gal quallflcatlon through license or certificate, each teacher shall keep an accurate account of the number of pupils entering the school or room and the number of days of actual attendance.
56
For this purpose the teacher shall be provided with a register by the local school authorities. Each teacher shall make reports and returns to the County School Superintendent required by law, and it shall not be legal to make the final payment to any teacher until complete reports and returns have been made to the Superintendent of Schools.
Certificate for Vocational Teachers.
Sec. 167. In Vocational Agriculture, Trade and Industrial and Home Economics Education, the certification of teachers is authorized by the State Board of Vocational Education.
ARTICLE IX.
SPECIAL DAYS.
Observance of Special Days.
Sec. 168. The County and Local Boards of Education shall see that the following days are observed either by holidays or appropriate exercises and it shall be the duty of the State Superintendent of Schools to arrange programs for the proper observance of these occasions and of the Superintendent and teachers to direct the attention of the pupils to these dates and topics by practical exercises:
1. Thanksgiving Day, last Thursday in November. 2. Uncle Remus Day, December 9. 3. Lee's Birthday, January 19. 4. Georgia Day, February 12. 5. Washington's Birthday, February 22. 6. Arbor and Bird Day, first Friday in December. 7. Memorial Day, April 26.
ARTICLE X.
HEALTH.
Regulations by County Boards.
Sec. 169. The County and Municipal Boards of Health of the several counties shall have full power and authority to adopt, enact, establish and maintain all such rules and regulations, not inconsistent with the laws and Constitution of this State and of the United States, as they may deem necessary and proper for protecting the health of their respective counties and municipalities, and for preventing the introduction, generation, and spread of infectious and contagious diseases therein; provided, that such rules and regulations shall not apply to any incorporated city or town of this State.
Isolation and Quarantine in Infectious Diseases.
Sec 170 No parent or householder shall permit infected persons (or persons exposed to infection), clothing, bedding, furniture, school
57
books, library books, or other articles likely to convey infection to be removed from the house until properly disinfected, under the supervision of the local board of health or its proper officer, or where no board exists, by the attending physician, in the manner recommended by the State Board of Health.
The isolation of patients and duration of quarantine in infectious diseases shall be as follows:
Diphtheria or Membranous Croup: For the Patient: Isolation for twenty-one (21) days from persons and domestic animals, and disinfection of premises. For persons associated with or in the house with the patient: Adults: Quarantine until after death or recovery of patient and disinfection of premises. Children: Quarantine for seven (7) days after disinfection of premises. Domestic pets, particularly cats, are frequent carriers of this infection. That the use of antitoxin lessens the mortality, but does not attentuate the virus, so that the same length of quarantine should be enforced whether antitoxins are or are not used.
Scarlet Fever (Scarlatina, Scarlet Rash, Roseola): Isolation of patient and quarantine of children associated with, or in the house with the patient, for ten (10) days after complete desquamation or scaling of patient and disinfection of premises.
Smallpox: For the patient: Isolation until after all crusts or scales have fallen off, and the disinfection of patient's body and the premises For exposed persons: Quarantine for sixteen (16) days from date of last exposure.
Cholera: For the patient: Isolation until after complete recovery and disinfection of the premises. For exposed persons: Quarantine for five (5) days from date of last exposure.
Yellow Fever: Isolation in screened room (protected fire-place) until after complete recovery and disinfection of premises.
Typhus Fever: For the patient: Isolation until after complete recovery and disinfection of the premises. For exposed persons: Quarantine for twenty-one (21) days from date of last exposure
AN ACT OF 1920
To provide physical education and training for pupils in the common graded, and State Normal, and all other public schools of Georgia supported wholly or in part by the State, and to insure better co-operation between the educational authorities and the health authorities of this State, prescribing the methods of carrying the same into effect.
Sec. 170(a). Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Georgia, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, that the Georgia State Board of Education shall prescribe a course of study m physical education for all common schools of the State, and shall
58
flx the time said courses shall go into effect. This course shall occupy periods totaling not less than thirty minutes each school day which shall be devoted to instruction in health and safety, to physical exercises and to recess play under proper supervision. A manual setting out the details of said course of study shall be prepared by the State Superintendent of Schools in co-operation with the State Board of Health and State Board of Education of Georgia and such expert advisers as they may choose. Said manual when published shall be sent by said State Board of Education to the teachers of the common schools in the
State of Georgia. Sec 170(b). The curriculum of all State Normal Schools of Georgia
and of all other institutions in the state supported wholly or in part by public funds having special courses adopted for the preparation of teachers, shall contain one or more courses in physical education and after the first day of July, 1921, each person graduating from a teacher s course in any of these institutions shall have completed one or more courses in physical education.
Sec 170 (c). County Boards of Education of cities and of graded common school districts may employ supervisors and special teachers of physical education in the same manner as other teachers are employed, provided they possess such qualifications as the State Board of Education may prescribe. The Board of Education of two or more school districts, city, graded school or county may jointly employ a supervisor or special teacher of physical education. Boards of Education may allow the use of school buildings or school grounds after the regular school hours and during vacation as community centers for the promotion of play and other healthful forms of recreation, under such rules and regulations as to them seem proper.
Section 4. All laws in conflict with this Act are hereby repealed.
ARTICLE XI.
COMPULSORY SCHOOL ATTENDANCE.
Duty of Parent and Guardian. Enrollment and Attendance of Child.
Excuse of Absences.
Sec 171 Every parent, guardian or other person having charge and control of a child between the ages of eight and fourteen years who is not exempted or excused as hereinafter provided, shall cause said child to be enrolled in and to attend continuously for six months of each year a public school of the district or of city or town in which the child resides- which period of attendance shall commence at the beginning of the first term of said school in the year. Such attendance at a public school shall not be required where the child attends for the same period some other school giving instruction in the ordinary branches of English education, or has completed the seventh grade of school work as prescribed by the State Board of Education, or where, for good reas-
69
ous, the sufficiency of which shall be determined by the board of education of the county or of the city or town in which the child resides the said board excuses temporarily the child from such attendance such boards authorized to take into consideration the seasons for agricultural labor and the need for such labor, in exercising their discretion as to the time for which children in farming districts shall be excused Provided, that no guardian shall be compelled to send such child or children to school out of any other than the funds belonging to the ward or wards. Temporary absence of any child enrolled as a .pupil may be excused by the principal or teacher in charge of the school, because of bad weather, sickness, death in the child's family, or other reasonable
Penalty for Non-Compliance. Suspension of Punishment. Notice Board.
Sec. 172. -Any parent, guardian or other person who has charge and control of a child between the ages aforesaid, and who wilfully fails to comply with the foregoing requirements shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine not to exceed ten dollars for the first offense, and not to exceed twenty dollars for each subsequent offense, said fines to include all costs; but the court trying the case may, in its discretion, suspend enforcement of the punishment, if the child be immediately placed in attendance at a school as aforesaid, and may finally remit the same if such attendance has continued regularly for the number of months hereinbefore prescribed for attendance. School attendance may be proved by an attested certificate of the principal or teacher in charge of the school. No person shall
bbooaarrZ d offCeT ducdatT ion Voiff tahteincoufnttrhyeofrmreugn0iicnigparleit<y^ienmwehnicths tuhnelepsesrstohne accused of such violation resides shall have caused to be served upon the accused, at least ten days before prosecution, a written notice of the charge with the name of the child to which it refers. Any person so notified, not previously convicted of violation of this Act as to the child referred to in said notice, may prevent prosecution on the charge til THTM'^ glVing' at any time before such prosecution is instituted, a bond in the penal sum of fifty dollars payable to the Ordinary of he county, with security to be approved by the Ordinary, conditioned that the said person shall thenceforth faithfully comply with the requirements of this section as to the said child. Each day's willful failure of a parent guardian or other person in charge and control of a child as aforesaid, after the expiration of ten days from such notice, to cause the child to attend school, when such attendance is required by this section shall constitute a separate offence. In prosecutions under this section the exemptions and excuses herein provided for shall be matters of defense to be established by the accused, and ne d no be negatived in the indictment or accusation.
Duties of Boards of Education and Teachers.
Sec. 173 It shall be the duty of the County and Municipal Boards of Education to investigate as to the attendance and non-attendance of
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children required by this section to attend the schools under thensupervision, and it shall also be their duty to institute or cause to be instituted prosecutions against persons violating this section. It shall be the duty of the principal or teacher in charge of any public school, in which pupils between the ages of eight and fourteen years of age are instructed, to keep an accurate record of the attendance of such pupils, and at the end of each month to make a written report of the same to the Board of Education having supervision of the school, and to note therein excused absences and the reasons therefor.
Attendance Officer.
Sec 174 Each County and Municipal Board of Education shall employ an attendance officer whose duty it shall be to report to the Board of Education failure of attendance on the part of pupils between the ages of 8 and 14 years. For this service these officials shall be paid not less than one dollar nor more than three dollars per day during the time employed and said payment shall be paid, so far as possible, from the fees collected The balance due shall be paid from the school funds of the county or local system. Any Board or local school system failing to comply with this law for attendance officer shall not be entitled to receive funds from the State Treasury until it is shown that said attendance officer has been appointed and has entered upon his duties.
Note The State Board of Education has decided for the present, at least, in order to be sure of good officials and to save the boards as much expense as possible, that the Home Economics Agent, the County Demonstration Agent or even the County Superintendent of Schools may serve as Attendance Officer and further that a county and a municipal system in the county may elect the same person for these duties.
The Attendance Officer must be appointed, make regular reports to the board and enter upon his duties for the protection of the children of the municipality or county before funds from the State Treas-
ury can be sent.
Fines and Forfeiture a Part of School Fund.
Sec 175 All fines imposed hereunder and all sums required to be paid as penalties under bonds given under this section, shall, after payment of the costs of prosecution and of recovery thereof, be paid into the county treasury and become a part of the school fund of the county.
Law Effective, When.
Sec 176. The provisions of this Act shall become operative on the first day of January, in the year nineteen hundred and twenty.
Publication of Law.
Sec 177 It shall be the duty of the Board of Education of each county, at least four weeks before the first day of January following the adoption of this section, to cause this section to be published in a
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newspaper of the county, if there be one, and to cause copies of this section to be posted at the court house of the county and at the public schools thereof.
Acceptance.
ARTICLE XII. VOCATIONAL EDUCATION.
Sec. 178. The State of Georgia accepts and does hereby accept the provisions of an Act of the Congress of the United States approved February 23, 1917, the caption of which said Act is as follows:
An Act to provide for the promotion of vocational education- to provide for co-operation with the States in the promotion of such education m agriculture and the trades and industries; to provide for cooperation with the States in the preparation of teachers of vocational subjects; and to appropriate money and regulate its expenditure, and for other purposes, and the provisions of said Act as set forth in sections 1, 2, 3, and 4 of said Act and the provisions thereunder and appropriations therefor to be used according to and as provided in said Act.
Membership of State Board for Vocational Education.
Sec. 179. A State Board is hereby created to be known as the State Board of Vocational Education, consisting of seven members, made up as follows:
The Chancellor of the University. The State School Superintendent. Three members from the State at Large.
One of the members of said Board shall be representative of the manufacturing and commercial interests, one representative of the agricultural interests and one representative of labor;
Two members from the Trustees of the District Agricultural and Mechanical schools.
And the same is hereby created and said Board shall have all necessary power to co-operate as herein provided with the Federal Board for vocational education in the.administration of the provisions of this Act in said Act provided. The Chancellor of the State University and the State School Superintendent shall be ex-officio members of said Board and the Chancellor of the University shall be the Chairman of the same, and that the members of said Board shall be appointed by the Governor, and shall hold office until their successors are appointed and qualified. All vacancies in said Board caused by death or resignation or expiration of term of office shall be filled by appointment of the Governor to fill the unexpired term. Two of the members of said Board shall be appointed for two years, for a term of office beginning July 1st, 1917, and three members shall be appointed for four years to
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hold office from July 1st, 1917, and all subsequent appointments, except to fill unexpired terms, shall be for four years.
Meetings, Duties, and Compensation of Members.
Sec 180. The Board shall fix the time and place of their meeting and shall meet at the call of the chairman or upon the written call of a majority of said members after five days' notice in writing to all members and shall have as pay for their service four dollars per day and necessary expenses, said amounts to be paid out of the Treasury upon the warrant of the Governor.
The State Board of Vocational Education, in off-setting the Federal appropriation, is directed to take advantage of whatever appropriations the State of Georgia makes to local schools, municipal and county, district agricultural schools, normal schools and the teacher training department of the University of Georgia, in order to secure these funds under the regulations provided by the Federal Vocational Board and also take advantage, when permitted by the Federal Vocational Board, of any appropriations made by any municipality or county of the State to any school of a vocational character. To make up any deficiencies that may occur, said Board is empowered to use each year so far as may be necessary, an amount equal to one-half of the Federal appropriation from any funds not otherwise appropriated in the State Treasury. So far as possible also said Vocational Board shall encourage municipal and county educational boards to meet the conditions and secure the advantages of this Federal appropriation.
Secretary and His Duties.
Sec 181 The Board shall appoint one of its members as Secretary of said Board, and he shall keep written minutes of their proceedings and he'shall do and perform such other and further duties as may be required of him by the Board.
Custodian of Funds.
Sec 182 The State Treasurer is hereby made the custodian of any and all moneys received by the State from the national government under this Act, and it shall be his duty to collect said money and pay out the same upon the order of said Board, evidenced by its warrant signed by the Chairman thereof and countersigned by its Secretary.
Representing the State.
Sec 183 The State Board of Vocational Education shall have the full power to represent the State in any and all matters in reference to the expenditure, distribution and disbursements received from the United States Government in said State and to appropriate and use said moneys in whatever way in their dicsretion will best subserve the interests of the State, and carry out the spirit and intent of said Act of Congress in conformity to its provisions.
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Repealing Act.
Sec. 184. Be it further enacted that the provisions of this Act are substituted for the existing school laws of this State, and that all the existing school laws of this State and all laws or parts of laws in conflict herewith are hereby repealed.
REHABILITATION.
AN ACT
To provide for the acceptance of the benefits of an Act passed by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America m Congress assembled; to provide for the promotion of Vocational Rehabilitation of persons disabled in industry or otherwise- to provide for compliance with all the requirements of such act; to provide for the appointment of a custodian of all moneys received by the State from appropriations made by the Congress of the United States for the purpose stated, to empower and direct the State Board for Vocational Education to co-operate with the Federal Board for Vocational Education in carrying out the provisions of said Act; and to prescride its powers and duties; to provide for a plan of co-operation between such State Board and any State Workmen's Compensation Board authorized by the General Assembly; to make appropriations to provide for the vocational rehabilitation of persons disabled in industry or otherwiseand for other purposes.
Sec. 184 (a). Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Georgia and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, that the btate of Georgia does hereby accept the provisions of the Act of Congress, entitled "An Act to provide for the promotion of Vocational Rehabilitation of persons disabled in industry or otherwise and their return to civil employments", approved June 2, 1920 (Public 236 66th Congress), and will observe and comply>ith all the requirements of
Sec. 184. (b). Be it further enacted that the State Treasurer is hereby designated and appointed custodian of all moneys received by the State from appropriations made by the Congress of the United States for the vocational rehabilitation of persons disabled in industry or otherwise, and is authorized to receive and provide for the proper custody of the same and to make disbursement therefrom upon the requisition of the State Board for Vocational Education.
Sec. 184 (c). Be it further enacted that the Board heretofore designated or created as the State Board for Vocational Education to coJSTM6 F6df"^ Bard fr Vocatioilal Education in the administration of the provisions of the Vocational Education Act, approved February 23, 1917, is hereby designated as the State Board for the purpose of co-operating with the said Federal Board in carrying out the provisions and purposes of said Federal Act providing for the Vocation-
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al Rehabilitation of persons disabled in industry or otherwise and empowered and directed to co-operate with said Federal Board in the administration of said Act of Congress; to administer any legislation pursuant thereto enacted by the State of Georgia; to prescribe and provide such courses of vocational training as may be necessary for the vocational rehabilitation of persons disabled in industry or otherwise and their return to civil employment to provide for the supervision of such training, and to direct the disbursement and administer the use of all funds provided by the Federal Government or this State for the Vocational Rehabilitation of such persons and to do all things necessary to insure the vocational rehabilitation of persons within the State disabled in industry or otherwise.
Sec. 184 (d). Be it further enacted that the State Board for Vocational Education is hereby authorized and empowered to receive such gifts and donations from either public or private sources as may be offered unconditionally or under such conditions related to the vocational rehabilitation of persons disabled in industry or otherwise as in the judgment of the said State Board are proper and consistent with the provisions of this Act. All the moneys received as gifts or donations shall be deposited in the State Treasury and shall constitute a permanent fund to be called the Special Fund for the Vocational Rehabilitation of disabled persons, to be used by the said Board in carrying out the provisions of this Act, or for purposes related thereto. A full report of all gifts and donations pffered and accepted, together with the names of the donors and the respective amounts contributed by each, and all disbursements therefrom shall be submitted annually to the Governor of the State by said State Board.
Sec. 184 (e). Be it further enacted, That there shall be appropriated for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Act a sum of money available for each fiscal year not less than the maximum sum which may be allotted to the State under the provisions of the said Federal Act, and that there is hereby appropriated for such purposes out of any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated for the fiscal year ending July 1, 1921, the sum of $21,353.29, or so much of this sum as may
be used.
Sec. 184 (f). Be it further enacted, That all laws and parts of laws in conflict with this Act be and the same are hereby repealed.
ILLITERACY COMMISSION.
There is hereby created a commission to be known as "The Georgia Illiteracy Commission," which shall be composed of ten persons, both men and women, including the Governor, the State Superintendent of Schools, who shall be ex-offlcio members thereof. Said commissioners shall be appointed by the Governor of the Commonwealth and shall be selected for their fitness, ability and experience (in matters educational and their acquaintance with the conditions of adult illiteracy
65
in the State of Georgia and its various communities). Four of said commissioners shall hold office for two years and four for four years from the date of their first appointment by the Governor; after which all of said commissioners shall hold for a period of four years, but the term of two of them shall expire biennially. Any and all vacancies occurring in said commission shall be filled for the unexpired term by the Governor. Said commissioners, or any of them, may be removed at any time for cause.
The members of said commission and their successors in office shall be and are hereby constituted a body corporate with all the powers necessary to carry into effect all the purposes of this Act. Said commissioners, after their appointment and qualification, shall adopt a seal and organize by electing from their membership a president, secretary and treasurer to serve for the period of two years, or until their successors are elected and qualified, but the same person may be elected to serve both as secretary and treasurer of the commission, but said secretary and treasurer, whether or not the office be united in one person, shall execute a bond to the Commonwealth of Georgia for the faithful performance of the trusts of their offices, for the proper handling and accounting of all the properties, assets and monies which may come into their hands by virtue of their offices, and in such amount and in such form and with such sureties as the commission shall approve. Said secretary or treasurer may at any time be removed and a successor be appointed by said commission in its discretion.
Said commission may establish a permanent place for its meetings and shall in such place have an office which shall be kept open at such regular times as the commission may prescribe for the transaction of business, and a majority of said commission shall constitute a quorum.
Duties.
It shall be the duty of said commission, and it shall have the power to make researches, collect data and statistics, and procure surveys of any and all communities, districts or vicinities of the State looking to the obtaining of a more detailed, definite and particular knowledge as to the true conditions of the State with regard to its adult illiteracy, and report regularly the results of its labors to the General Assembly; and to interest persons and institutions in the dispensation of any and all funds and endowments of whatsoever kind, which will or may aid in the elimination of the adult illiteracy of the State, and to do or perform any other act which in their discretion will contribute to the elimination of the State's adult illiteracy by means of education, instruction and enlightment; and said commission shall be empowered to receive, accept, hold, own, distribute and expend to the end of educating, instructing! enlightening and assisting in the education, instruction and enlightment of illiterate persons in the State of Georgia, any and all funds or any other thing of value, with which it may be endowed or may otherwise receive, and in the expenditure and disbursement thereof, said commission shall be controlled by such expedient and discreet regula-
tions as it may from time to time adopt; provided, however, that any and all funds which may come to the hands of said commission shall be expended in keeping with the general purposes of this Act.
Said commission shall adopt such rules and regulations as may seem expedient to it for the carrying on of its business in the manner which shall seem to it most systematic and satisfactory.
The members of this commission shall receive no compensation for their services, but they shall be reimbursed out of any funds which shall come into the hands of the commission for the use of said commission, for their actual expenses incurred in the performance of their duties, same to be paid monthly, upon vouchers duly approved by the commission, signed by the secretary and countersigned by the president.
The remainder of the funds appropriated to the State Council of Defense and unexpended is hereby made a nucleus for the Illiteracy fund.
ACT OF 1920.
AN ACT
To authorize county authorities in their discretion to provide for the carrying on of schools for the instruction of adult illiterates in the elementary branches of an English education only, to authorize the payment of the expenses of carrying on said schools from the County Treasuries, to authorize the levying of a tax for the payment of the expenses of such schools and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Georgia, and it is hereby enacted by its authority That from and af ter the passage of this Act, the County Commissioners of this State or the ordinaries of such counties as have no Commissioners shall have, and they are hereby given authority in their discretion to provide for the carrying on in their respective counties of schools for instructing adult illiterates in the elementary branches of an English education only.
Section 2. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid that the expenses of maintaining said schools when they shall be established in accordance with this Act, shall be paid out of the County Treasury and to that end the said County Commissioners or Ordinaries are hereby authorized and empowered to levy such tax as may be necessary to pay said expenses over and above the sums for which they are now authorized to levy a tax.
Section 3. Be it further enacted that all laws in conflict with this Act are hereby repealed.
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ACTS OF 1922
Temperance Day
AN ACT
To provide for the observance of Temperance Day in the public schools of the State of Georgia, to fix said day, and for other purposes:
Section 1.
Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Georgia and by the authority of same it is hereby enacted, that from and after the passage of this Act, the fourth Friday in March of each year, being the nearest Friday to March 28th, the date upon which Prohibition went into effect shall be designated and known as Temperance Day in the Public Schools of this State.
Section 2.
On Temperance Day at least two hours shall be devoted, in the Public Schools of this State, to a program which shall be educational in nature, teaching the good of Temperance and Prohibition, and the evils of intemperance and disobedience to law.
Section 3. All laws and parts of laws in conflict with this Act are hereby repealed.
Approved July 26, 1922.
County and Home Demonstration Agents '
AN ACT
To confer upon the several counties of this State the authority to levy taxes for educational purposes, to provide for the employment and pay of County Agents and Home Demonstration Agents, to provide for the employment and payment of Agricultural Teachers and Home economics Teachers in the Vocational High Schools of the State, and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Georgia, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, that power is hereby delegated to, and conferred upon the several counties of this State to levy and collect taxes for educational purposes in such amounts as the county authorities shall determine, the same to be appropriated to the use of the County Board of Education, and the educational work directed by them.
Section 2. Be it further enacted, That the Boards of Education of the several counties of this State may employ and pay county agents and Home
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Demonstration Agents to carry on the extension work m Agriculture and Home Economics under the provisions of the Acts of Congress, approved May 8th, 1914, (Barnes Federal Code 8413-8414-8518) the State s acceptance of the same approved August 14th, 1914. Also, may employ and pay Agricultural Teachers and Home Economics Teachers when employed in the consolidated schools of the counties under provisions of the Vocational Educational Act of Congress of February 23rd, 1917, and Acts of Georgia approved August 21st, 1917.
Section 3.
Be it further enacted, That all laws and parts of laws in conflict with this Act be and the same are hereby repealed.
Approved August 19, 1922.
Local Tax Elections
AN ACT
To provide for the election prescribed by Paragraph 1, Section 4, Article 8, of the Constitution of the State of Georgia, to determine whether a levy for public school taxes shall be made additional to the levy of the maximum tax of five (5) mills on the dollar allowed by said Constitutional provision, to be made on recommendation of Boards of Education without an election; and to provide how said additional tax shall be levied when authorized by the necessary vote.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Georgia, and it is hereby enacted by authority of the same, that whenever the voters in a county, municipality, school district, or in an independent local system, desire to hold an election in pursuance of Paragraph 1 Section 4, Article 8, of the Constitution of the State of Georgia to determine whether a levy for public school taxes shall be made additional to the levy of the maximum tax of five (5) mills on the dollar allowed by said Constitutional provision, to be made on the recommendation of Boards of Education without an election, such election shall be called held and the results declared for counties in the manner prescribed in Section 1534 of the Code of the State of Georgia, of 1910, and the acts amendatory thereof, and for School Districts and Independent Local Systems, in the manner prescribed in Section 153D of said Code and for municipalities in the manner prescribed m the Act of the General Assembly of the State of Georgia, approved August 13, 1910 entitled "An Act to authorize a certain class of municipalities to hold an election to determine the question of local taxation for the support and maintenance of Public Schools, to prescribe the qualifications of electors for such elections, and for other purposes."
Section 2. Be it farther enacted that in the call for said election the additional tax proposed to be levied shall be specified; and successive elections may be held until the additional maximum tax of five (5)
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mills on the dollar shall be levied as permitted by said Constitutional provision.
Section 3. If the election is carried for the levy of such additional taxes for the county, such additional tax shall be levied in the manner specified in Section 1534 of the said Code and the acts amendatory thereof.
Section 4. Be it further enacted that an election for repealing the additional tax levied in pursuance of an election held as above may be had under the conditions prescribed by and in conformity with Section 1536 of said Code, and the acts amendatory thereof.
Section 5. Be it further enacted that all laws and parts of laws in conflict with this Act be and the same are hereby repealed.
Approved August 19, 1922.
ACTS OF 1923
County and Home Demonstration Agents
AN ACT
To confer upon the County Commissioners or Ordinaries of the counties of this State authority to promote extension work in Agriculture and Home Economics, and pay therefor, and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Georgia, and it is hereby enacted by authority of the same, That power is conferred hereby upon the County Tax Levying Authorities of the several counties of this State, as well as the County Boards of Education, to carry on educational work for the promotion of the extension work in Agriculture and Home Economics under the provisions of Act of Congress approved May 8, 1914 (Barnes Federal Code 8413-8414-8518) and Act of the General Assembly of Georgia, approved August 14, 1914, and Acts amendatory thereof, by employing County Agricultural Agents and Home Demonstration Agents and supervising their work, and paying therefor.
Section 2. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That all laws and parts of laws in conflict herewith be and the same are hereby repealed.
Approved, August 18, 1923.
Fire Protection AN ACT
To provide safety against fire hazards or stampedes from other causes for pupils in public schools in Georgia; to make it illegal to pay out public moneys for the maintenance of schools in buildings where the provisions of this Act are not complied with; and for other purposes.
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Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Georgia, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, That it shall be illegal for any county superintendent, school treasurer, or other disbursing officer, to pay out any money for the maintenance of any public school while operated in a schoolhouse of two or more stories not provided with ample means of escape from fires or stampedes from other causes, as hereinafter provided.
Section 2. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid: That no County Board of Education of this State shall pay out any funds for maintenance of the public schools in their respective counties until said Board shall have required and caused the County School Superintendent to make an inspection of the school buildings of said County and file his report of said inspections with the several County Boards of Education that the requirements of this Act as to fire escapes and safety as prescribed herein, have been fully complied with. Provided, however, that in incorporated towns and cities owning and maintaining school buildings, said inspection and report shall be made and filed by the President of the Board of Education or Chairman of the Board of Trustees or other school authorities in said towns or cities.
Section 3. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid. That minimum requirements for safety as required in this bill shall consist of easy means of exit from not less than two opposite sides of the school building, and further that all hall doors shall open outward, and where in cases of old buildings there is only one stairway, there must be provided before the school can be legally operated another stairway for exit on the opposite side of the building, or a safe ladder securely fastened to the building and extending from one or more windows on the side of the building opposite the stairway and reaching to within six feet of the ground.
Section 4. Be it further enacted that no public monies can be legally paid out for the operation of a public school in a house where the stove pipe runs through the side of the building, or through the window, or through the roof without being safely encased in a brick
flue.
Section 5. Be it further enacted that all laws and parts of laws in conflict with this Act be, and the same are hereby repealed.
Approved, August 18, 1923.
Teaching the Constitution
AN ACT
To require the teaching of the Constitution of the United States and of this State, including the study of and devotion to American institutions and ideals, in all the public schools and colleges, and for other purposes.
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Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Georgia and it is hereby enacted by authority of the same:
Section 1. That on and after September 1, 1923, all schools and colleges in this State that are sustained or in any manner supported by public funds shall give instruction in the essentials of the United States Constitution and the Constitution of Georgia including the study of and devotion to American institutions and ideals. And no student in said schools and colleges shall receive a certificate of graduation without previously passing a satisfactory examination upon the provisions and principles of the United States Constitution and the Constitution of the State of Georgia.
Section 2. Be it further enacted that all laws and parts of laws in conflict with the provisions of this Act are hereby repealed.
Approved, August 20, 1923.
Issuance of Bonds for School Buildings for Use of City and Rural Children
AN ACT
To authorize counties and municipalities located within such counties (having independent school systems supported in whole or in part by local taxation) to contract with each other for the joint building and maintenance of high school buildings, to be located within such municipalities, for the joint use of the children of such cities and counties, to issue bonds to erect such buildings, to build and maintain such high school buildings, and to levy taxes for the payment of such bonds and the maintenance of such buildings and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Georgia, and it is hereby enacted by authority of same, that from and after the passage of this Act counties and the municipalities located therein (having independent school systems supported in whole or in part by local taxation) may contract with each other for the joint building and maintenance of High School Buildings to be located within such municipalities for the joint use of the children living in such municipalities and those living in the county outside of the limit of such municipality'
Section 2. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that the contract provided for in the preceding section shall be entered into, in the first instance, by the City Board of Education and County Board of Education, or by other authorities, by whatever name called, having charge of the educational affairs of the city and county respectively, upon such terms and conditions as may be agreed on, and shall then be approved and confirmed by the mayor and council and board of County Commissioners, or other authorities, by whatever name called, having charge of the fiscal affairs of the city and county respectively.
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Section 3. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that when such contract has been made and approved, as provided in the preceding sections, then the authorities of the county and municipality having charge of these fiscal affairs, may issue bonds for their proportion of the cost of such buildings, as agreed on, in the manner provided by law for the issuance of bonds by a county or municipality; and the call for election shall provide that if the other contracting party shall fail to carry an election for bonds, for the same purpose, the election for bonds, provided for in the call, even if carried, shall not be effective and that all previous acts in connection with the issuance of said bonds shall, in such event, be void and of no effect.
Section 4. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that when an election for such bonds has been carried, as provided by law, then the county and municipal authorities may thereafter each levy a tax sufficient to pay the principal and interest of such bonds, issued by each party, and the cost of maintenance of such building, in addition to any other tax they are now authorized by law to levy.
Section 5. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that the provisions of this Act shall not be construed to be the exclusive means for the building of High Schocl Buildings, but the provisions of this Act shall be construed to be permissive and cumulative to any other means now or hereafter provided by law.
Section 6. Be it further enacted by the authority, that all laws and parts of laws in conflict with this Act be, and the same are hereby repealed.
Approved, August 7, 1923.
SCHOOL BOOKS
AN ACT
To pro vide a method by which school books may be furnished free, or rented, to the children of Georgia under a local option plan, by counties, cities, local school systems and separate school districts; to provide a time and method by which school books shall be adopted; to provide a method of distribution at definite prices; to repeal conflicting laws; to provide for exchange price of old books, and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Georgia, That within sixty days after the passage of this Act it shall be the duty of the State Board of Education, acting as the State Text-Book Commission, to adopt a series of school books for the schools of the State according to the laws now governing the adoption of school books; provided, that the said Text-Book Commission shall not be limited or restrained by, or restricted to the 50% exchange rate for old books as provided in the Act of 1903, known as the State Uniformity Act, but the said State Text-Book Commission is hereby authorized and directed to ob-
73
tain the best exchange rate for old books possible, provided that the exchange rate or allowance for the old books shall be as much as is allowed by the publisher of the new book as the rate aUowed in any other State under like conditions and terms of adoption, provided the change of books under this ActJshall not exceed 53% of the entire list for an adoption period.
Section 2. Be it further enacted, That aU the terms, conditions, and benefits obtainable and applicable, in the State Uniformity Act of 1933 and also of the Act of 1916, approved August 8th, known as the YeDmins Act, shall apply to and be available for all the schools of this State governed by the adoption made under this Act.
Section 3. Be it further enacted, That for the purpose of furnishing free school books, either by renting, lending or giving them to the children of the State, any county, city, separate districts or independent school districts may have the right to use a part of their school funds derived from State appropriation, local taxation, gifts or bequests according to the wish of the local school authorities. If a county as a whole wishes to rent, lend or give free books, the question may be determined by the Board of Education of the county. If a local or separate district wishes to so furnish books, the question may be determined by the Board of Trustees of such district, but must be approved by the County Board of Education.
If the books are rented to the children, the rental price shall in no event be greater than 50% of the price of the book.
For the purpose of carrying outtheprovisionsofthisSection.it shall
be the duty of the State School Board, through the State Superintendent
of Education, the same.
to
devise
plans,
methods,
rules
and
regulations
governing6
Section 4. Be it further enacted, That School Boards of any division handling school funds, are authorized to furnish free to children whose
parents or guardians, in the judgment of the School Board, are unable to provide their children with books.
Section 5. Be it further enacted, That County Boards of Education shall be required to have on hand a sufficient supply of books for the for the various schools under their charge and shall give public notice five days prior to the opening of such session that such books are
available and the County Boards of Education may designate some agent or agents to handle such books for the various schools under their jurisdiction.
Section 6. Be it further enacted, That all laws in conflict with this Act are hereby repealed. Approved Dec. 19, 1923.
74
INDEX
Acts of 1919, 1920, 1922, and 1923-
pagg
County and Home Demonstration Agents__
Fire Protection
Illiteracy Commission
Illiteracy Funds from Counties
-,--
issuance of Bonds for School Buildings for Use of City and
Rural Children
:
Local Tax Election
Teaching the Constitution
Temperance Day School Books
67 >69
64 g6
^
6g 70 g7
"7g 74
Building School Houses in Local Tax Districts-
Sections
Election for Bonds to Build and Equip School Houses... Proceeds of Bonds, How Held and Used
County Board of Education--
Borrowing to Pay Teachers Certificate of Election and Removal Compensation of Members County Entitled to Part of Fund
County Line Schools Consolidation Department of Industrial Education Division of School Districts Evening Schools Excessive Appropriations Failure to Arrange for Schools Five Year Adoption of Text Books Free Tuition, Etc High Schools Interest Liability for and Disbursement of Funds Manual Labor Schools Membership of County Boards Money, How Used Notes for Money Officers of County Boards
Organization, Powers and Duties Powers of County Board as School Court Property Exempt from Taxation Rearrangement of Districts Reports by Teachers
75
-143
95
?Q
^ 90-92B " --,,
^
g ilg
107 9g
114
^ 77-78
^
1Q0 gg gg
9g g9
Reports to Grand Juries
9g
Resignation...
81
Resolution Authorizing Loan
96
Sale of Warrants at Discount
104
School Districts
76
School Fund
109
School Fund to be Kept Separate
115
School Term, School Property
84
Sessions
gg
Statements by County Superintendents of Sums Due
94
Term of Loan
97
Transportation of Pupils
93
Vaccination of Pupils of Public Schools
87
Warrants in Anticipation of Revenue
103
1919 School Legislation to Promote Consolidation of Schools
92B
County Superintendent of Schools-
Bond.
Certificates for Vocational Teachers Compensation Duties of Teachers Duties Election, Term
Examination and Suspension of Teachers Examination and License of Teachers Grading of Applicants Intent to Defraud.
Local County and Municipal Systems. _. Oath Office of Superintendent in Court House Qualifications of County Superintendents Removal from Office--Successor Report of County Superintendents Revocation of Licenses School Locally Established and Maintained Seal to be Placed Upon Teacher's License Terms of County Superintendents Vacancies, How Filled Who May Administer Oaths
"""'_[ "]-!!--~.~]~~""
150 167
151
166
154
146
155 160
163
I65 162 152 157 149
153
159
164
161
156 147
148
158
Compulsory School Attendance-
Attendance Officer.
I74
Duties of Boards of Education and Teachers
173
Duty of Parent and Guardian. Enrollment and Attendance of Child.
Excuse of Absences.
171
Fines and Forfeitures a Part of School Fund
.
175
Law Effective, When
176
76
Penalty for Non-Compliance, Suspension of Punishment, Notice by^
Board Publication of Law
-
""
m
Furnishing Books and Supplies--Yeoman's Law--
Approval of Bond and New Bond After Five Years
44
Bond of Publisher, Amount and Condition
43
Books, How Purchased, Sold, or Furnished Free
40
Filing of Copies and List of Books with Prices
*i
Forfeiture by Publisher on Failure of Duty
*
Local Boards Duty as to Selecting Books
Non-Repeal of Certain Laws
Payment for Vote or Influence Forbidden
*
Penalty for Violation
","""~"I~"i" ^Q
Purchases and Payment for Books Ordered, Free Books, Rental.. 48
Retail Prices of Books Limited
Second-hand Books; When Purchased
TM
State Superintendent to Send Out List of Books
Sworn Statement to be Filed
Health-
Isolation and Quarantine in Infectious Diseases Physical Training Regulations by County Boards
"i^a-lTO^d
Local Tax for Public Schools-
Application of this Law
140
Audit of Books and Accounts of Treasurer
^
Bond of Treasurer
Corporate Property Subj ect to Taxation
"
Duties of Trustees; Bond of Treasurer
^
Election of Trustees
Election Expenses Election for School Districts
12g
""."" ---
Election to Repeal
Elections, How Governed
IIQ
Failure to Lay off Districts..
ig7
Failure to Give Bond
General School Laws to be Observed
*
Local Tax Election for Municipalities
---
Local School Systems Local Tax Election for County
Local Tax for Counties Local Tax Districts Across County Lines....
^
Method of Disbursement
^
Other Provisions Made Applicable
'""'.
1QQ
Returns of Corporate Property and Distribution for Taxation-.. 133
School Districts
77
School Systems in Cities and Towns
128
Secretary and Treasurer, Reports by, and Compensation of
135
Tax Collector, Duties of
130
Tax Returns of Citizens
131
Trustees and Secretary. Powers and Duties
129
Special Days-
Observance of Special Days
lg8
State Board of Education--
An Advisory and Appellate Body
13
Charters of Higher Institutions
14
Constitutional Laws
l_g
Gifts from or Offer of Gifts by School Book Publishers or Their
Agents
_
15
Members, Appointment, Qualifications
9
Oath of Members and Meetings of Board. Compensation
10
Oath of Officer
17
Powers and Duties of Board
H
School Book Commission
16-73-74
School Districts, Distribution of School Fund and Normal
Instruction^
12
State School Superintendent-
Annual Reports Auditor
Bond and Oath of Superintendent Clerk, Assistants County Institutes Disbursement of School Funds Duties Enumeration of School Children How Enumeration is to be Taken Local School Laws Misapplication of School Funds New Enumeration Powers and Duties Qualifications of Superintendent Reports from County Superintendents School Year Coincident with Calendar Year Secretary and Agent of Board State School Supervisors To Prepare Text on Civics To Visit the Several Counties Twenty School Days a Scholastic Month Unused School Fund
78
61
65
56
66
74
63 eg
71 72
68
60 73
54
55
75
[
67
57
64
62
59
69
70
Uniform Text-Books--
Addition to the State Course of Study.-
19
Adoption
.
23
Adoptions, Terms of Contract
.
39
Bible Reading
19
Bids, Advertisements, Terms
21
Bids May Be Rejected. __
22
Bond to be Given by the Contractor
25
Books to be Used
37
Contract May Be Changed..
28
Deposits by Bidders, Forfeitures, and Recovery on Bonds
26
Depository and Distribution of Books
34
Exchange of Books and Price
32
Further Duties of the Commission..
20
Notice to Publisher, and the Contract
24
Penalties for Violating Provisions of this Article
38
Powers of Commission
35
Prices of Books
31
Proclamation Announcing Contract
33
Standard of Books
30
State Not Liable to Contractor
29
Suit on Bond, How Brought
27
Superintendent's Circular Letter
36
Uniform Text-Books Prescribed
18
Vocational Education-
Acceptance Custodian of Funds Meetings, Duties, and Compensation of Members Membership of State Board for Vocational Education Representing the State Repealing Act Rehabilitation Secretary and His Duties
178 182 180 179 183 184 184-a--184-f 181
79
GEORGIA
State School Items
Published Monthly by the Department of Education
Vol. 2
NOVEMBER 1, 1924
No. 2
N. H. BALLARD State Superintendent of Schools
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the Post Office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923.
ATLANTA, GA.
Certification
Nothing succeeds like success. The certification of teachers by
the State has, by its successful operation, proven its worth. Without any compulsion whatever it has been accepted and approved by the
rwria teachers At first, it was misunderstood and, by some, ma-
UcTously was not
TM misfriersptreasepnptreedc.iateTdhebyfutlhle
advantage teachers.
.
of State certification They were told they
already had a better certificate than the one being issued by the state
and they were advised not to convert this but to hold fast to what
they had
teachers sought employment in other states and
upon presenting their old certificates found to their surprise-and
often chagrin-that these were not acceptable and many S. O S. calls from scores of teachers were received at the Department, asking
for assistance and as quickly as possible. The news of this spread
SrougK e state aAhese teachers wrote back to friends of their
medicament. There was a rush from all parts of the state and the Department of Certification was overwhelmed with applications
More than nine thousand certificates have. already been issued yet
scores of new applications are being received daily. When will it stop ? We did not hope to issue more than four thousand certificates
the Duringatne spring, when the new plan was being put into operation there developed considerable opposition. The Georgia Educational Association memorialized the State Board to delay the whole
Dlan for a year The State Board answered this request by appointing a committee to co-operate with a like committee from the Association to study the new plan and report their findings at the October meeting. Thiwas done. The Board ordered that this report be reviewed^by
a committee consisting of Dr. Rufus W Weaver, Mr. E A. Pound and Mr. Fort E. Land, and report at the January meeting of the
^Analyzing the commission's report we find that the main objection to the new plan centers around the terminology and that to certain schools professional certificates should be issued without any successful experience by the applicant. The report recommends tha
"temporary'' be substituted for "provisional" on the grounds that the word "temporary" was more familiar to the Georgia teachers Yet this term has only been used in this state for certain certificates issued by the county superintendents to such applicants as did not have opportunity to take the examination-the common term used for such certificates was second and third grade high school and elementary After all is not the term provisional better than temporary.' It is the term used by most of the other states and is well understood in reference to certificates. Provisional is the correct one to use tor it simply implies that something is required to be done before a cer-
tificate will be converted into a professional certificate. Another recommendation is that certificate apply only to college
and normal school graduates and that all others be called license The present form uses the word certificate for all issued by the state and license for all issued by counties. Is not the present form better? The State does not necessarily license but simply certifies to the
academic and professional training of the teacher Again, it is requested that graduates of certain normal schools
be (riven professional certificates without any actual experience m teaching Why this distinction? Should experience not be an essen-
tial part of every professional certificate? Can any other thing take its place ? It forms an essential part of nearly every successful plan of certification. Then, why make this exception?
A conference consisting of the Heads of the Department of Certification of the different states was held last month at Peabody College. After discussing the matter thoroughly this conference appointed a committee to make a thorough investigation into the different forms of state certification and report its findings, with recommendations, of the best way to make the different plans as uniform as possib.e. It will be unwise for Georgia--until this conference has made its report--to change or modify its present system of Certification.
New Plan of Certification
By Edwin Aldine Pound, Director of Certification The Certification Committee, consisting of more than twenty members, has been busily engaged since the first of July putting into effect the new plan of Certification.
Although the plan, at first, was not properly understood, after the receipt of certificates and a proper understanding of same, the teachers of the state are beginning to realize that some plan of this kind is the only proper way to stimulate the teachers of the state and to elevate the average of preparation.
The applications have been so numerous and the correspondence so voluminous that it was necessary to use every desk in the Senate Chamber for the work. Every application blank has been thoroughly reviewed and then checked two or three times before the issuance of the certificate. The work has been made more difficult on account of the tact that many of the application blanks were improperly filled out, many were unsigned by the applicants and many others not witnessed by any school authority. Hundreds failed to send in transcripts of their credits and many others sent transcripts without an application blank and one dollar. At last, the work is hearing completion and only a few hundred certificates remain to be issued
Nearly 9,000 certificates have been issued and nearly 40 per cent TMeS\Trl ^Jil1?TM,1 E1<?mentary Certificates. A total of about d,500 certificates of this class have been sent out. Thirty-five hundred applicants represented in this number should avail themselves of the opportunity of attending summer schools, normal schools, etc in order to secure eighteen semester hours required in the subject of Education. After these credits have been obtained, the applicant may secure a Professional Certificate, provided he has taught at least three
a*t
Cr-^. cSf.0-C."W^.,66wahseaadpepdobinyteRd- bHy-
Powe11 and
the Georgia
EEdHuc- aSticoontt,ARsseogciisattriaorn,
to confer with the State Board of Education in reference to certain
changes in the Plan of Certification. The Committee had a respectful
hearing before the State Board and after discussing the matter for
some tinie, the whole question was referred to Dr. Weaver of Mercpr
University, F. E. Land, State School Superintendent, elect, and E A
Found, Director of Certification. This committee was asked to report
at the next meeting of the State Board of Education in January
the Director of Certification was requested to confer with authorities
m other states m order, if possible, to unify the different and various
plans ot certification. In obedience to this request, the Director of
Certification attended the meeting of *e Southern Association for Teacher-Training Schools in Nashville on the 16th, 17th and 18th of October. In this meeting, the great question of improvement of the teachers of the South was discussed and the best plans of certificatior gone into at length. The. president of the Association, Dr. Bruce Payne, President of Peabody, is to appoint a committee representing the different State Departments of the South to report later in order that proper resolutions may be drawn up and presented to the different Departments of Education in the South so that the plans of certification may eventually be unified as far as possible A per feet unification of certification plans is impossible on account ot certain mandatory laws in some of the states which make a complete adjustment impracticable. However, all of the states are rapidly introducing certification upon different bases of preparation and as a result of the work of the Conference, there will eventually be a thoroughly satisfactory understanding in all the states of the South.
Although the work of the Georgia Certification Commission was
begun under many difficulties, yet the work of the Committee has resulted in great satisfaction to the majority of the thousands of applicants who have applied for the present form of certificate.
Undoubtedly, some mistakes have been made, but if so, they were made, in some instances, on account of incomplete information in reference to the one applying. However whenever such mistakes have been brought to the attention of the Committee, they have been
adjusted and it has afforded the Committee great satisfaction to do this The Committee is under many obligations to State Superintendent 'N H Ballard, the whole office force, and to every applicant who has assisted in any way in the completion of this important work The
work is to be continued at the present time with a smaller force. This force is yet necessary because applications continue to come in All who have not yet applied for the new form of certificate should do sHt once, as every teacher in the state should file an application
for a certificate under the new plan.
Life Professional Certificates
Below is given a list of the life professional certificates issued
t0 dThese are of three classes: Elementary, Normal and College The Elementary presents for minimum qualifications, the academic
trainine of a high school graduate. The Normal, graduation from normal school or standard Junior
College, or thirty college hours. The College, a degree from a standard college. All have been professionalized by a minimum of eighteen semes-
ter hours in Education and ten years' successful experience m teaching.
Life Professional College
Adams, Henry R
-
W RoS' Ga
Adams, Hubert Kenneth
De^S S Ga.
t&^Ss==pgr^A fat |;
Ba dndge G. Bruce Ballard, Virginia
Barlow Emmett Lee
Beardsley Emily Chichester Beck, Willie Rabun Bennett, Ulrice Joseph
60 W. Linden St., Atlanta, Ga. 67 Peachtree Place, Atlanta, Ga.
54 Rocky Ford Ave., Atlanta Ga.
50 Cooledge Ave., Atlanta, Ga. 204 Gilmore St., Waycross, Ga.
Fitzgerald Ga
BRe^ttsT,'rCflamreenSceRE^dewrtardA Bickers Bessie Mae. Blackwell, Reuben Lee
-
160 2L0i7nwCohoadppAevTes.,t.,AGtlraifnftian, GGaa!.
, 106 E. Spring St., Gainesville, Ga.
Calhoun Ga
RTVr^MTM^ A & Beck rCora Mwac?LeoId. "
Blakeley Warren Andrew
Bolton, Maude
Booker, Carrie
Bonner, Mary Ethel
Bowden, Haygood S.
_
Brewton, Robt. Benj
Bright, Clara Florence
403 TeifairSt-TAugusta', Ga! 6192621P"ea5cthhtrAeeve-St.C, oAlutmlabnutas GGaa..
Eldorondo Ga. Tismall Ga
412 Gordon St., Atlanta', Ga.' 918 M. St., N. W., Washington, D. C.
n Jones St., Savannah, Ga. Tignall Ga
57 Elizabeth St., Atlanta', Ga.
Irotn,^^
'1&' S""
STMr' n illiaT I316"1'--------- WT BtrSt^Atiante. Ga.
Bryan, Llleanor Claude, Mrs Bryan, Nellie Bryan Susie W
Bryant, Annie M. W
Greensboro, Ga. . 417 W Poplar st Griffin Q . 417 W Poplar st Griffin G
Court House, Athens Ga.
BRnuHlloTck',TLMouei-rsCeepPSrenTt;upp, Mrs Carlton Frances Burch
Carmichael, Mary Louise Carpenter Clyde M. Carraker, Mrs. H B Carraker, Home Beck
Carswell Lilla Jones rZT' rifS- Columbus
2540M uWrr-ayAvHei-ll,AAutglaunsttaa GGaa. College Park Ga. Statesboro Ga.
Nelson Ga
Dublin Ga
Dublin Ga 590 State St., Waycross', Ga!
Demorest Ga.
rClheney, 'wWhyfleSy-^Owen Christian M. May Christie, Anme Mae C aflin, Sue Esther Clark, Addison Bowman Co her, Fannie Mrs Co her Jos M
Colquitt, Maude Conger Mary Elizabeth
83 Avery DW rivaet,kAintslvainlltea, GGaa.. 42 Copenhill Ave., Atlanta Ga. 212 W. College St., Decatur, Ga. 330 W. Peachtree St., Atlanta, Ga.
August Road, Lavonia, Ga. 60 Rosedale Road, Atlanta, Ga. 60 Rosedale Road, Atlanta, Ga.
430 Temple Ave., College Park Ga. 834 Prince Ave., Athens Ga.
Cordle, Chas. Guy Crowder Mary
Culver, Marshall Lewis Cunningham, Adelaide Louise Co ins, Mrs. Alice Leverett Collins, Annie L
Davidson Beulah Harden, Virginia Estelle
503 Walker St., Atlanta, Ga. R. p. D. No. { Durand Qa
135 Gordon St., Atlanta, Ga.
157 Myrtle St., Atlanta, Ga Eatonton, Ga.
i40 E Broad St., Camilla Ga. 100 Cooledge Ave., Atlanta Ga.
...Sparta, Ga.
<3
Dempsey, Ernestine May Dendy, William Erskine Dennard, Dudley Sanford
Dent, W lbur Tillett nivnn Pattv nDou^glUas, iJtleinna" aR
^er^Katherine
93 Greenwich Ave Atlanta, Ga. - Oglethorpe University. Ga. 207 W. Princeton Ave., College Park, Ga.
81 Adair Ave Atlanta, Ga. Woodbury, Ga. N. orcro,,s,s,' Gr a.
Z^jSSSSft
TWr Alice
K^anvesterz::::::::.::
Adairsville, Ga.
^^^
Fln^eyTMS; Agnes-S::i:Z:Z:::::::Z::il65 Ashe Stv Macon, Ga.
Finf|Lucy Agnes
69 Academy St.^Gain^e, Ga.
Flan'igan Jas C Fletcher,'Nancy Jane
--
Lawrenceville, Ga.
^"^'^JLI'rl'
Freeman, Virginia Mary Gaines Ira Julian
- ----- - senola' a1118 E. Anderson St., Savannah, Ga.
SaHoway! William' Frances
508 E Duffy St Savannah, Ga.
Gr.a.njtJt,TMJnoS. teMllaayo
172 W. Alexander St., Atlanta, Ga. Locust Grove, Ga.
GaS^UVerneZZZZZ::....
93 Greenwich St., Atlanta Ga.
Garvin, Sarah Frances
ByS^e to
GiSd?H^^^
Golden, Ward Beecher P,,,, plnra Marv Grtv Marv Rathff
348 Peeples St., Atlanta, Ga. 79 DeSoto Ave., Atlanta, Ga. -614 N. Main St., College Park, Ga.
Greene F. M
Grayson', (
reP Emma ZZZZZZZZZZZm^^oJ^ Atlanta, Ga.
Griffith Jas Walter
309 W. 36th St., Savannah, Ga.
GriffiS'Allret PeSZZZ:
132 W. College: Ave Decatur, Ga.
Griffin, Jas. Henry, Jr Guerner, Hattie Curry
SSrsdw01* AJK' r" ...324 Myrtle St., Atlanta, Ga.
Gurr, Hattie Clark
108 E. Memtts Aye., Atlanta, Ga.
Hackney, Sarah
Hall, Robt. Green
-
Hamilton, Maude
Harden, Lillie
Harris, Kate Robson, Mrs
Hawkins, Geo. A
----
^CW TM uth^b"eTMrt''
Ga J?* na
.-
801 Ave. B rr~P?f
fjRTMomfe'
Ga. ra
Imperial Hotel, Atlanta, Ga.
Head Nancy mcks,EdwayrdCarlyle Hill, Mrs. Margaret H Hilsman, Pattie
626 Piedmont Ave., Atlanta^ Ga. ZTZT^r ^W^Sa 31 Selvidge St., Dalton, Ga.
-196 Henderson Aye Athens, Ga.
Hobbs Jno U
Rt. 1, Box 16, Little York, Ind.
Hodge, Bertha'Cunningham.
1117 E. Henry St Savannah, Ga.
Hogin Elsie Cumrine
126 E. 4th St., Atlanta, Ga
Holmes, Samuel H Holsonbeck, Wm. Morgan _ -
Decatur, Ga., Box 114 Winder, Ga.
7
Hunter, H. R.ld _
St MtTK. fe ?""<,G*,'
Sfn-cSSr/"* -^==^p^%fl<%l
S ^===^^1
Sff^=3?a s5=a it
Keiky, jas. A:::::::
RF7TA ^ltesburg> a-
SS^raS3 LaRChe:: ::::^0 St!'Charles'Ave:;^ &
Langston, Jno. cIZZ Lawrence, Jno. L.
MnT^-S^??S n??^el<'^nG*a'V
SiSfe^?ifSfiaSMn:m:::= =5= s == - 3'3 "R MM,1y,sSn AATMS-rMATSSt,:i ?g.:
Luke, Mrs. Edna HoweiY Lutes. Jacob M Magone, Sarah LwtaLTM
Q33W7 ~Andams
Swainsboro, St., Macon,
a" Ga.
19 GordnniTrilil?' 3'
MMaaarrktinneyA'R1G0^e QITT
"**TM*SStUfe ga3" Crawfordville, Ga.
SM2eloso,,n: iH,iP^ TM1; ta-
BK&TSfc
=IW H1g2TMS*M= T"tl^e :*|,:..,ZAA$ttllSaannttaa;: &GGaa..
JBSyfeg- -*====sra=*S?aS5 ft
lET^r* pTMi::::==^^ffi^ gt
SSffESE^^"** St
Nwaaccee, AAllhbperrTt &FraTMnkir"liin'
63 Ellzabeth St., Atlanta, Ga. 195 Ivy St> Atlanta> Ga
8
Nail, Christopher C
--..-- -Lothemille, Ga.
Newport, Mrs. Ellie Dunlap Oliver, Eleanor Mathews
408 Ormond St., Atlanta, Ga. ~ --.Elberton, Ga
Orr, Gustavus J
101 Waldburg St., E., Savannah Ga.
Page, Annie Mary.
Garnett St., Henderson, N. C.
Parker, Lurline Patterson, Weldon M
-- -
-
.Fairburn, Ga. ^--Doraville, Ga.
Paulin. Jennie S
107 Hawthorne Ave. College Park, Ga.
Peacock. Wesley
-
2 Peachtree Place, Atlanta, Ga.
Percell, Nina Odessa
Rt. No. 5, Atlanta, Ga.
Perrv Ethel
Ellijay, Ga.
Phillips. A. Jackson
Andrew College, Cuthbert, Ga.
Phinazee, Mrs. T. H
..
Forsyth, Ga.
Pitts, Mamie Louise
Ceci Hotel, Atlanta, Ga.
Pierce, Lillian M
170 Lucile Aye. Atlanta, Ga.
Platt, Jas. Newton
243 Jumper St, Atlanta. Ga.
Purks. John Edwin
. Cedartown, Ga.
Quieg, Byard Fowler
315 3rd Aye., Rome, Ga.
Rav, Annie Lelia
107 Hawthorne Ave., College Park, Ga.
Rav Bruce
Clarkesville, Ga.
Reeves, Willie' R
1205 Buffalo St., Johnson City, Tenn.
Reese. Mrs. H. S.. Jr Reid, William Dennis
211 Ware Ave , East Point, Ga. ^^J^0"TM-
Richardson, Margaret May
Woodyille, Miss.
Riddle, Mrs. Louise C
DaJlsir-' a-
Rogers, L. Oliver
- -.- -----Monltne, Ga.
Rosser, Paul
Marion Hotel, Atlanta, Ga.
Rushin Myrtle
Buena Vista, Ga.
Sandbe'rg. Lucy Goodman
71 Capitol Ave. Atlanta, Ga
Saxon, Lizzie Belle
Moultrie. Ga.
Schorb, Anna Cherry Simpson. Fay Willoughby.
TM-
Ft Lawn, b. C. ............Pickens, S.C.
Sinclair, Pattie Lucile
Woodcrest No 34 Atlanta, Ga.
Slappey, George Hiley Slaton. Martha Lee
336
"r'-^/ Court and St.,
AAat+i
f' ante,
r^ Ga.
Slauo-hter Thos. Adrian Smith, Alice Olga Smith J H
116 Hopkins St Atlanta, Ga.
--
HawkJT,]'e' rt"
23 Emory St.. Atlanta, Ga.
Smith! Lola Lou'.'.''.-.''.'.'.
314 Hawthorne Ave., College Park, Ga.
Smith, Herbert Orlando
85 Greenwood Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Solomon, Janie T
503 Spring St., At anta, Ga.
Solomon, Maggie A
503 Spring St Atlanta, Ga.
Souther, Shelton Spencer, Martha Walker
191
; Angler
Av:vJ e.,)uA4n,tel1Uanonta' , FGrlaa.'
Stakley, Mrs. Howard
138 E. Hawthorn Ave., Colleee Park, Ga.
Stakely, Sallie
127 Harvard Ave., College Park, Ga.
Stanton, Thos. Austin
Alamo, Ga.
Starr J Marvin
Newnan. Ga.
Strong. Ormond B Suddath, Robt. O'Neal
9
E. -~
38th--St.,
Savannah, Manetta,
Ga. Ga.
Summer. Carroll Alva
61 Forest Ave.. Atlanta, Ga.
Sutton, Samuel Gunn
~-'-JIoschto' ^&-
Swayne, Henry G
1101 E. Henry Stj. Savannah, Ga.
Samuel, Katie Jones
372 W. Peachtree St, Atlanta. Ga.
Stephen, Amos Mock
Toccoa, Ga.
Tate, Mrs. Carlotta Stewart
Camden, Ga.
Thompson, Ethel Thompson, Lillian
Trammel], Olin B Underwood, Mrs. John L
Vaughan, Clara Estelle
Vaughan, Mary Louise Vaughan, Temperance H
Waddill, Mrs. Grace N Ward, Chas. S Ware, Nannie F Weathers, J. S
Weaver. DeWitt T Wesley, Rusha
Wesley, Emma Wilson, Hanna B
Wilkinson, Alice Beckham Wilkinson, T. H
Windsor, D. W.
Winn, Annie Maria Wisdom, Lula Mrs
Wise, Mrs. Annie T Wise, J. T
Wood, Rose
Woodward, Paul S Woolf. Lucy Ethel Woodson, A. R Yaden, J. Linden
Young, Emma Kate
6416 College St., Calhoun, Ga.
Calhoun, Ga.
3103 Hamilton Ave., Columbus, Ga.
Morganton, Ga.
304 Park St., LaGrange, Ga.
304 Park St, LaGrange, Ga.
505 Spring St., Atlanta, Ga.
724 Highland Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
117 Langhorne St., Atlanta, Ga.
Lincolnton, Ga.
,
Cairo, Ga.
Station E , Box 24, Atlanta, Ga.
559 W. Peachtree St., Atlanta, Ga.
559 W. Peachtree St., Atlanta, Ga.
160 Linwood Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Pelham, Ga.
Pelham, Ga.
Hampton, Ga.
219 E. 27th St., Savannah, Ga.
Chipley, Ga.
348 Virginia Ave., At'anta, Ga.
R. P. D., No. 1, Baldwin, Ga.
132 N. Moreland Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
85 Cherry St., Atlanta, Ga.
1035 Peachtree St., Atlanta, Ga.
Stockbridge, Ga.
Moultrie, Ga.
Cedartown, Ga., 125 Cave Spring St.
Life Professional Normal
Adams, Fannie Becton
Murfreesboro, Tenn.
Adams, Mrs. J. W
Watkinsville, Ga.
Aderhold, Mrs. Kittie Huie 131 Washington St., College Park, Ga.
Albright, Mrs. T. D
695 Highland Ave., Atlanta Ga.
Allen, Mrs. Jno. T
1360 So. Lumpkin St., Athens, Ga.
Allen, Daisy
556 E. College St., Dawson, Ga.
Allison, Annie E
Cleveland, Ga.
Alley, Irene
603 West Ave., Cartersville, Ga.
Anderson, Frances Blackwell
Bostwick, Ga.
Ashford, Mrs. Sue Leak
31 E. 6th St. Atlanta, Ga.
Atchison, Mrs. Mary
3800 Central Ave , Nashville, Tenn.
Baggs, Calla Odum
45 Perry Ave., Augusta, Ga.
Bagwell, Effie Lou
Alpharetta, Ga.
Bagwell, Nettie Lou
189 Ponce de Leon Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Baker, Edna
606 Piedmont Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Ballard, Edna
940 Belleview Ave.. Dublin, Ga.
Ballard, Lizzie Cordelia
..Monticello, Ga.
Ballard, Mrs. W. E
Monticello, Ga.
Bankston, Mrs. Hortense Reid
Zebulon, Ga.
Barker, Mary Cornelia
123 Myrtle St., Atlanta, Ga.
Barnes, Blanche
Marietta, Ga
Barnes, Lottie L
261 Peeples St., Atlanta, Ga.
Barnwell, Annie F
129 Juniper St., Atlanta, Ga
Battle, Susie H
31 Seminole Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Baxter, Carfax
Suwanee, Ga.
10
Bean, Henry Charles
Bambridge, Ga.
Beard, Jessie Frances
1300 Peacock Ave., Columbus, Ga.
Beasley, Salle Bell, Mrs. Georgia R -
Statesboro, Ga. 323 Ellis St., Augusta, Ga.
Bennett Pearl Isabel
186 Ponce de Leon Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Berman) Joe
144 Penn Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Berry, Mary McChesney
Washington Apt., Rome, Ga.
Biddick, Sara 0
-
East Lake, Decatur, Ga.
Black, Mrs. Osborn 1
241 N. Candler St., Atlanta, Ga.
Blackburn, Mrs. Stella F
- Adrian, Ga.
Blackwell, J. William
Canon, Ga.
Blackwell, Mrs. W. J
Maysville. Ga.
Bornmeyer, Joanna
791 N. Main St., Greenville, S. C.
Bowles, Velma
Columbus, Ga.
Boyd, Alline
Cooksville, Tenn.
Boyd, Mrs. Lena Godby
635 Telfair St., Augusta, Ga.
Boyett, Mrs. Norma T
Morris Station, Ga.
Brahe, Marie L
456 Telfair St., Augusta, Ga.
Brenner, Gussie Matilda
2005 Peachtree Rd., Atlanta, Ga.
Brinkley, Inez
Warrenton, Ga.
Brinson, Fred Arthur
Millen, Lra
Brown, Mrs. Annie H. Moore
Church St., Ft. Valley, Ga.
Brown, Laura
Royston, Ga.
Brown, Louise
-
Tenmlle, Ga.
Brown, Myrtice
804 Brunell t., Waycross, Ga.
Bruce, Mrs. Amie Wesley
Lithonia, Ga.
Brumby, Annie
Cedartown, Ga.
Bryan, Charlotte
Ivy Rd., Rt. A, Atlanta, Ga.
Bryan, Mrs. Linda Lee
Box 103, Covington, Ga.
Bryan, Mrs. Mabel L
1515 4th Ave., Columbus, Ga.
Burch, Ruth R
ThomasviUe, Ga.
Burtchaell, Mattie A
251 Peeples St., Atlanta, Ga.
Burtz, Lollie Belle
Elhjay, Ga.
Bruce, Mercer
Norwood, Ga.
Blackwell, Jos. B
Cleveland, Ga.
Brittain, Lois May
Columbus, Ga., Rt. No. 1
Byrd, Mrs. Vina
724 Lumpkin St., Athens. Ga.
Cabaniss, Lilla M
220 Henry St., E. Savannah, Ga.
Cadwell, Mrs. W. W
515 Ridley Ave., LaGrange, Ga.
Callaway, Ida Lou
497 Oglethorpe Ave., Athens, Ga.
Callaway, Sarah E
56 Penn Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Camp, Vida Campbell Annie E
Villa Rica, Ga. 1532 Gwinnett St., Augusta, Ga.
Cantrell, Ethyl
320 3rd Ave., Rome, Ga.
Cargill, Mary Lou
422 N. Athens St., Winder, Ga.
Carlton, Zora
234 Reese St., Elberton, Ga.
Carpenter, Mrs. Ida M
Nelson, Ga.
Carswell, Willie Kate
193 Lee St., Atlanta, Ga.
Carter, Seleta
Dallas, Ga.
Candill, W. H
Tifton, Ga., Rt. 5
Chapel, Novella C
Mountain City, Ga.
Chapman, Annie
Lithonia, Ga.
Chapman, Leman..
Lithonia, Ga.
Charlton, Lueile
119 Waldburg St., W. Savannah, Ga.
Chestnut, Lois
Covington, Ga., Rt. No. 7
Clarke, Annie B
317 Euclid Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
11
Clarke, Rose J Cleckley, Mrs. E. J Clement, J. M Clement, Sabrelia J
Close, Mary Lou Close, N. B. Forrest Cobb, Sarah Maude Cochran, F. L
Colvin, Mrs. O. D Compton, Nannie Byrom
Cook, Mrs. Annie Houze Cornwell, Ada E
Cowen, Mayme Cowart, Elva Cox, Nina Pearl
Cox, Mrs. S. M Craig, Daisy Williams Crawford, Mrs. C. H Cubbedge, Elsie Alma Cummmg, Maude Camp, Blanche Clark, Ethel Collins, Mary B Dally, Clara Daiton, E. M Daniel, Robt. Ector.
Dargan, Jennie Davidson, Mrs. W. B Davis, Annie Josephine Davis, Mrs. Grace Deal, Mrs. Lillie Z
Deas, Carolyn Lee DeMedices, Margaret Ann Dickens, Mrs. Fay Gill Dickey, Jas. Frederick
Dodge, Mrs. Isabel Dimbreck Dorsett. Ella C Duffy, Nona
Dugas, Byrnma Eugenia Ector, Mrs. Neola McDavis Edmondson, Elizabeth Edwards, Chas. H Emory. Mrs. Walter English, Mrs. Mary Hunter Ennis, Ernest P Evans, Salhe Fanny
Falhgant, Louise Strong Fant, Bessie Faver, Kate R
Ferguson, Lamar Field, Mrs. Julia Pinkerton Field, Minnie A Fite, Mary Minerva Floerseh, Lena Fletcher, Roa Leigh
Fox, Susie MacDonald
317 Euclid Ave. Atlanta, Ga.
256 Green St.," Augusta, Ga.
Mineral Bluff, Ga,
Pelham Ga
221 W. 36th St.,Savannah, Ga!
221 W. 36th St., Savannah, Ga.
Villa Rica Ga
Blue Ridge, Ga.
667 E. North Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Monroe Ga.
RoswelT, Ga., Rt. 26
Monticello, Ga.
2024 Eastern Parkway, Louisville, Ky.
Bronwood, Ga.
Ashburn, Ga.
326 S. Roper Ave., Gainesville, Ga
Lawrenceville, Ga.
Madison, Ga., Rt. 2
1206 E. Duffy St., Savannah, Ga.
Griffin, Ga
Dallas, Ga.
Columbus, Ga., Box 54
Columbus, Ga.
_
Jersey, Ga.
Alto Ga Rt 2
'.'.Hogansviiie, Ga.
58 Ponce de Leon Ave , Atlanta, Ga.
Sale City, Ga.
Meigs Ga
ZZ^Garfield, Ga!
Statesboro Ga.
109 Forrest Ave., Marietta, Ga.
12 Drewry St., Atlanta, Ga.
Sparta, Ga.
Musella, Ga
Tallapoosa, Ga., Rt No. 2
Ridge Spring, S. C.
Commercial High School, Atlanta, Ga.
869 Peachtree St., Atlanta, Ga.
182 S. Ashby St., Atlanta, Ga.
Temple, Ga., Rt. No. 2
Cleveland, Ga.
414 Park Ave., LaGrange, Ga.
Pelham, Ga
20 Cleburne Ave., Atlanta, Ga., Apt. 12
1321 3rd Ave., Columbus, Ga.
.703 Whitaker St., Savannah, Ga
11 w. 12th St., Atlanta Ga.
Marietta, Ga., Rt. 4
_
221 W. Ave., Lavonia, Ga.
Daiton Ga
16 Baltimore Place, Atlanta, Ga'.
401 College St., Calhoun, Ga.
211 St. Charles Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Forsyth, Ga.
2715 10th Ave., Columbus, Ga.
12
Furse, Margaret Walton
Flynn, Lillian R
Foreman, Marion Forth, Mrs. Ruth Bartlett Fortney, Jesse L Foster, William Thomas Fraser, Adelaide W Fraser, Laura M Frizzelle, Walton Parker
Furrer, Marie M
Furse, Julia C Gaissert, Johnnie Galway, Mrs. E. H Gamble, Mrs. Oscar Garner, Maude
Garnett, Mrs. Ella Brady Gerdine, Mary Elizabeth
Gibbs, Elise Gilbert, Mrs. J. Weaver
Gillen, Mrs. F. A Ginn, Jane DeVol Gladden, Mary Telula
Golightly, Mrs. Lois G Gould, Ada Belle Graddy, Kate Claire
Graham, Lorena Grant, Violet B Gray, Chas. Milton
Graham, Mrs. Lorah H Gray, Mrs. Florence L
Greene, Mrs. Annie M Haddock, Lelia May
Hale, Mary Ham', Mrs. W. E Hancock, Bertha May
Harris, Bessie B
Harris, Lula Harris^ Mrs. Mary C Harris, S. K Hauser, Beulah
Hartsfield, Linnie K Hawkes, Mrs. W. D Hawkins, Nannie
Hawkins, Sallie Haygood, Martha T
Heard, Margaret Melissa Henderson, Sarah Perry Hendricks, Minnie Sue Herring, Mrs. P. H Hickman, Mrs. Anna Hicks, Cleophus Hill, Ethel Bee
Hill', May Hod'nett, Alice C Holder, Mary F
Holloway, Jno. R
106 38th St., E. Savannah, Ga.
Ponce de Leon Apt., Atlanta, Ga. Pavo. Ga.
Saint Clair, Ga. Vidette, Ga.
Rockmart, Ga. Hinesville, Ga. Flemmgton, Ga. 25 E. 40th St., Savannah, Ga. 22 E. Oglethorpe Ave., Savannah. Ga.
106 38th St., E. Savannah, Ga. Sparta, Ga., R. F. D.
20 Virginia Circle, Atlanta, Ga. 88 Briarcliff Place, Atlanta, Ga. 499 S. Moreland Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
217 Barnett St., Atlanta, Ga. 124 Hancock Ave., Athens, Ga.
9? E. 9th St., Atlanta, Ga. 158 Cameron St, Atlanta, Ga.
Watkinsville, Ga. 423 30th Ave., McKeesport, Pa.
Chatsworth, Ga. Union City, Ga. 106 N. Broad St., Gainesville, Ga. 307 E. 34th St., Savannah, Ga. 643 Washington St., Atlanta, Ga. 11 Holderness St., Atlanta, Ga. 545 E. Waldburg St., Savannah, Ga.
Ringgold, Ga. 545 E. Waldburg St., Savannah, Ga.
LaFayette, Ga. 1620 Prince Ave., Athens, Ga.
259 St. Chas. Ave., Atlanta, Ga. 57 Rose Circle, Atlanta, Ga. Elbert St., Athens, Ga.
Albany, Ga. .542 Broad St., Rome, Ga.
Cataula, Ga., R. F. D. Kingston, Ga.
523 Main St.., N., College Park, Ga.
Moultne. Ga. Palmetto, Ga. 98 W. Broad St., Gainesville, Ga 98 W. Broad St., Gainesville, Ga. 4 E. Boulevard, Kirkwood, Ga. (Atlanta)
333 Heard St., Elberton, Ga. 614 Peachtree St., Atlanta, Ga. -.-507 Beauregard St., Rockmart, Ga. 40 Ormwood Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
230 S. Broad St., Rome, Ga. 447 Washington St., Atlanta, Ga.
274 Moreland Ave., Atlanta, Ga. 54 Juniper St., Atlanta, Ga.
243 Ponce de Leon Ave., Atlanta, Ga. 393 Williams St., Atlanta, Ga.
Alpharetta, Ga.
13
Holmes, Altie Belle (Mrs.) Holt, Hazel Hartwell Hoover, Mrs. Sue Ellen Hope, Hazel Hope, Nan
Houk, Lura L Houseal, Lucy Young Howard, Jno. C
Hudson, trances Beach Huffaker, William S
Hughs, Eva Raymond
Hughes, Louise Kathenne Hughes, Mrs. L. W Humphries, Hallie M
Hunt, Georgia Marie Hunt, Ora
Hunter, Mrs. F. J
Huson, Waverly Jodelle Hutcheson, Mrs. Claude G Ivey, Laurie Walton Ivey, Bemta JacKson, Jesse William Janes, William Jenkins, Bessie Jermgan, Mrs. A. E Jermgan, Reba
Jeter, William Lamar Johns, Mrs. May Graham Johnson, Elliese Johnson, Minton H Johnston, Blanche Neva Johnston, Mrs. Isabel Jolly, Catherine Jones, Lula
Jones, Mary Elizabeth Jones, Mary Lavinia Jones, Mrs. Malcolm B Jones, Mrs. Mattie R Jones, Mrs. Ola Hicks Jarrett, A. Knox Johnson, Joan
Johnson, Anna Kate Kahrs, Bertha L
Kendnck, Margaret C Kerr, M. Catherine Kilgore, Aline Ki gore, Ida May
Kilpatrick, Mrs. Mary R
Kimberly, Lucas 01 Kimble Thomas P King, Olive King, Paul
King, Rosa May Kmnard, Ruth
Kitchens, Mrs. Julia Porter Knox, Raymond Irvine
box 114, Decatur, Ga. 213 Carling Ave., Macon, Ga. 2845 11th Ave., Columbus, Ga.
Jonesboro, Ga. Jonesboro, Ga. 12 Druid Circle, Atlanta, Ga. Cedartown, Ga.
Quartz, Ga. 132 Ponce de Leon Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Cohutta, Ga. 16 E. Taylor St., Savannah, Ga. 349 Savannah Ave., Statesboro, Ga.
Brooklet, Ga. Sylvania, Ga 109 Forest Ave., Marietta, Ga. Calhoun, Ga. 331 E. Pine St., Decatur, Ga. 1034 Piedmont Ave., Atlanta, Ga. Ill Cleveland Place, Marietta, Ga
Boston, Ga. 1017 Adrian St., Augusta, Ga.
Cartersville, Ga. Cedartown, Ga. Chipley, Ga.
Mayfield Ga., Rt. No. 2 College St., Decatur, Ga.
310 W. Peachtree St., Atlanta, Ga Washington, Ga.
717 Ponce de Leon Ave., Atlanta, Ga. Ringgold, Ga., Box No. 5 Lumpkin, Ga. Trenton' Ga
371 Capitol Ave.',' Atlanta', Ga! New Holland, Ga.
415 Sycamore St., Decatur, Ga. 318 St. Charles Ave., Atlanta, Ga
611 N. C. St., Quitman Ga. Elberton, Ga. Summit, Ga.
248 Prince St., Athens, Ga. 1516 3rd Ave., Columbus, Ga.
1528 15th St., Augusta, Ga. 16 4th St., Augusta, Ga.
116 Bonaventure Ave., Atlanta, Ga 301 N. Jefferson St., Albany, Ga. Winder, Ga. Winder, Ga. Forsyth Ga 4 Hammond St.!'Atlanta! Ga! Garrield, Ga. Hazlehurst, 3a. St. Mountain, Ga. 255 Ra^vson St., Atlanta, Ga. 24 Jefferson St., Newnan, Ga. Danville, Ga Jackson', Ga!
14
Kalmon Stella
502 Pine St.. Albany, Ga.
Lamkin,' Marion
26 Sutherland Drive Atlanta, Ga.
Landm.m, Willie Maude
722 Forsyth St., Macon, Ga.
Lanier Clyde
.2501 A Barnard St., Savannah, Ga.
Lawrence, Drew Pearson
_-..-
Montezuma, Ga.
Lazarus, Corrie B
67' Wabash Ave Atlanta, Ga.
Letford, Mary B
425 Williams St., Waycross, Ga.
Leverette, Fannie Lee
101 Madison St., Eatonton, Ga.
Lewis, Annie Mae
31 Cleburne Terrace, Atlanta, Ga.
T inch Mvrtle Lindsev Edna Erle
27 Arlington Place, Atlanta, Ga. 93 Mansfield Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Linkous', Lou Estelle Barber
364 Adams St., Decatur, Ga.
Linkous, Thomas Trigg
364 Adams St., Decatur, Ga.
Lively, Emily Mattie Tnn/sallie G
.- .-..-----.Statesboro, Ga. Imperial Hotel, Atlanta, Ga.
Lovltt, Ltoa MZ::::Z.Z::..ZLowe, Frances Kathleen
239 Gordon st. Atlanta, Ga. 1565 15th St., Augusta. Ga.
Lowe Jessie Hardeman
233 Juniper St., Atlanta, Ga.
T OWP W C
3 Park Lane, Atlanta, Ga.
Lander, Katherine DZZZZZ
324 39th St., Savannah Ga
Ledbetter, Frances
. Pelham Ga., Box 155
Lange, Johnnie W
1321 2nd Ave Columbus, Ga.
Lott, Virginia Dare
1444 Broad St Columbus, Ga.
Maddox, Rosa Eliza
258 Sprmgdale St Athens, Ga.
Majors/Mrs. Ada T
15 W. 31st St Savannah, Ga.
Martin Mrs. Annie Hall
--R.FD. Arnoldsvilie, Ga.
Martin Claude Alberta
R. P. 1D,^o. 1 Adairsville, Ga.
Mason. Emily Elizabeth
-220 Prince St, Athens, Ga.
M^selinp- Henrietta
179 Sells Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Mass?n^iefSlLt::Z:........
423 Peachtree St. Atlanta, Ga.
Massengale Maude
Norwood, Ga.
Masseyf Freddie
Commerce, Ga.
Mathes, Cora Clarke
^TniSfc r'
Melton, Nell Lawson Merritt. Lucy Hunt Meredith. Mrs. Lizzie Wade
Mey^rf'Sr^
Mever Elise A MfddTema Bessie.::.:": Middlemas Lillian Mills, Bennie Mitchell, Came Ora Mitchell, Essie Mitchell, Lizzie Rebecca MitcheM Lillian Mitchell, Mrs R:M"... Mobley, Rowena Daviddie Moomawh, Maude Evans
75 E. 6th St., Atlanta, Ga .- ----- - 0a'r' f; Punta Gorda, Fla^, Box 331
2802 Bellevue Ave., Augusta, Ga. 405 Gilmore St., Waycross, Ga. 405 Gilmore St., Waycross Ga.
- 325 14th Place, Washington, DC. - S^TM^^ Lak%STM cl' ..... Zebulon, Ua.
209 16th St., Columbus, Ga. 48 Waddell St., Atlanta, Ga 24 Northview Ave., Atlanta, Ga. Lakeview, R. F. D. No. 1 Decatur, Ga.
Moore', Lida HolK Moore Pearl Moseley, Mrs'.LMie Whatley
106 50th St. E. Savannah, Ga. 275 Atwood Ave., Atlanta, Ga. 1957 Oak Ave., Columbus, Ga.
15
Moses, Maybelle Murchison, Charles S
105 4th Ave., Rome, Ga. Vidalia Ga
Z MclCra^rtThy', AinSniea Loalrhet:ta McE heney, Mrs. C J
McElmurry, Mrs. Kate W
Br3o1o3khEa.vHenenHryeiSgth.,taS^a'Avatlnannatah! GGaa..' 30 Rosedale Rd., Atlanta, Ga
Alexander Ga!
MMMnceWWrhihtA'orfMtef r, t*SQ arrGaeT h May
^"^ms, Arvella McCord, Annie Lou McCreeny, Jas. W.
"
Acworth Ga.
Chipley, Ga., P. O. Box 62
Wind
Ga
Quitman, Ga.
Jackson, Ga.
T?t "\ c,,,,,, 1, r-
McDonald, Mrs. Mary BelieZIZZZ;^ Washin^tort St! AE"', Ga.
Na".Mrs.CTc
Nelms Bert yan
-zzzzTM:z:5ssSS S:
513 Crawford St- Thomasville,' Ga.
Nelson, Mrs.'^nia "^^^^ Nichols Mrs. Ellen H
Ga! 634 6th St., Augusta Ga
NOP M^nCR M^fi; T f
G7eyrSnn
Nunn/wUNe
38331G5reEe"nw22onodd
St- Anniston, Ave , Atlanta,
Ala. Ga.
366 Eudid Ave- TM*nt*. ^
Ogburn, MelissaZZZZ."
RPVS'r^
8ifi&V*i
nOlrrr, Dn oro't^hyl0..renCe
^=:=:i73109o50 rGHjwoelTM dnerkenteitsnsSst.S,st.St, :aA;vSatlnaunnatSha
S:
GGaa..
O Utww ell,nAZ nniierC^a,ll'away.
SPrkvsy' FM7rSC-^^ AddleFlfe
PPaattmTM an
Arnn;GUytn rCl
P Ir'a^tto;n, wWil1l^iam rCuhas
Perkins, Mrs. Bertie E
1001 E- W 12^04dbGurregenSSt.t, SaAviiaPn-nn<adhZ Grna
612'Walingrnft:,lUSaa,' &
Lithonia Ga., R. F. D. 4, Box 94
32
S77t 4CPharirnlec*e
AveAve.,
Atlanta, Athens
Ga Ga.
774 Prince AveT,,,AJ.t~h-e,,n;s rG-,,a.
I"
Binghamnton N Y
wife: SSz PPh^ifrB iTM^iw^,H88"
BaldWi"
y
- - - r -"5:9=N125D2E6e-cEa1t0;th hRStdt-rAAAttltanntt,taaa,:!-GGal:. c
PottVau^tlZZ
Youn?^^3'
P PouS rneM e, MaS rtha ^ Wilde =='6614615HAignhthlaonndy'iRTd..,^AfuagnustaJ GGaa!
PoTe^f R'aSrO16 ChTM*
UTM A^ "t'fi^ ^
Power,' Charies GeigeZZZ:
^wfn' C
Powers, Mrs Mary Belle
ZZZZZZ
OgSfi Ga'
PPrr!enc^isrsd,JuElliiazaCbeotrhinnPe
216 W. Jessamine" St.,"F?5S Ga' 604 Crawford Ave., Augusta Ga'
Pntchard, Emma V
37 st I ouis PI Atwt rt'
Price, Mrs. Willie M
' bt LUIS P1- A& r
PPrro-ct,oMr, Gareyrtrude:::z
z:z::z:zzzzz:::z:zw Wrif^fiye^1;:;'
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16
Bffl
Rabun, TLoue.t,te Ratchford, Oma Rawls, Mrs. Kate Culpepper
d5u0'4i W. 37th St.,' SaBvaanrtnoawh,, GGaa.. oo'v ro AVP Atlanta Ga.
--38 E. Ga. Aye., Atlanta, ^
Reese, Sadie
Roberts MaudeJarReeves, LilhanWalkei
Reddy Marie Elizabeth Reynolds Mrs. J. D
Rhodes Adeline ... Richardson Evelina. E
Ricketson, Annie
Ridley, G. Ben
Roberts, Calvin A.
TM
Robertson, Mrs Henry B
Rogers, Annie B Rogers, Eu.a Rooker, Dora
Rowell, Minnie W_ Rushing, L Dolphus
Russell, Lillian Baxter Renfroe Annie Mae
Bowman, Ga. 602'"Greenwood St., Barnesvide. Ga.
Savannah, Ga.
jog -..-08
pTM0wwadeer
Springs pg
St.,
Marietta, Atlanta,
Ga. Ga.
Lak
g,_ park g
Decatur, Ga. Atlantai Ga.
Zebulon, Ga.
Dallas, Ga.
- CarteTSville, Ga.
R'F'D"^^ Chambley, Ga.
64 Ponce de Leon Ave., Atlanta^ Ga. Murfreesboro, Tenn.
^ 2nd gt Rome; Ga.
Manassas, Ga. Hogansville, Ga.
1337 Broad St., Columbus, Ga. 2719 10th Ave, Columbus, Ga.
iSacar1letttt, M Me^ta'WHnolltt.
250 St. Charles Ave., APetllahnamta,, GGaa..
Scott, Mrs. Leda Slaton Scully, Gussie
29T La^ton" St., Atlanta, Ga.
TML
Reynolds, Ga.
Seay, Agnes .-.-.--
-
..Guyton, Ga.
Seckinger Mrs. F. D
147 Pearl St., Atlanta, Ga
InSEnrTc E:::::=:::::::::::::::"25- E. wesiey Ave., At^u. ga.
Shaw, Minnie A
Ponder', Ga.
ShulerBenj. Frank Shaw Opal Tay.or
""giT'Lee St.'; Atlanta, Ga.
Savannah, Ga.
Seig, Maria A r-:---r
^Silmerm' sM , M M;aVryV'MM 6
Simpson, A
Simpson, Belle
Simpson, Ludie
_
Simpson, Ruby Armede
Slade, Katie D
,.
Shockley Vena Vernell
Sharpe Mrs. Annie Lane
Smith, A Davison
Smith, Mjs A. W Smith, Bertie B
Smith, Jno. W Smith, Laura ---; Smith, Margaret M
M- Ne'-He J Smith, Nina L
...Dawsonville, Ga.
g4:.::Cave"SfprinAgvse, -jGA a t,laRntt.a>NoGa1.
3
charleg A
Atlanta> Ga.
'*
Norcross, Ga.
Americus, Ga.
jTWte St"'Carrolltoii, Ga.
J
Apalachee, Ga.
".".Rocky Ford, Ga.
g^--- -
Cofumbus> Ga. Alpharetta, Ga.
1104'Piedmont"Ive., Atlanta, Ga.
Ai *
Unadilla, Ga.
Flovilla, Ga.
locust Grove, Ga. 815 w'Peachtree St.. Atlanta, Ga.
:%Ts Zn.rA St., Savannah, Ga. Lavonia, Ga.
ISm m-im lhe;, EEllllaa W W. Snowden Merle
Spence, Emily Toy. Spring, Clara Belle L Stafford, C. L
'"-"---640" Piedmont
**>
E 3gth &
gAtve.S, aAvatlrarnnatrai,,
gt Alb
GGaa.. Ga
Savannah, Ga., Rt A
Opelika, Ala.
v
17
ISnffi Jfez:
Starr, Mrs Lois Love
\r t^Tr ' <- 1017 Edg
ck G
E "5 E" 3rd ?* Atlanta, Ga.
Stealey, Clara-Blanche".'.'.'.'.' Steel, Mrs Bernice E
Steinheimer, Addie
12iq P^r, Q. /" I' Sa"
12}?a s"i''vi.
flTj^ A^sta> A St"' At,lanta,
GaGa.
Stewart, Kate J Stilwell Laura M Stovall, Lena
lf0 S
RT'" <V<7 Atl\nta' M T V& ?mbus'
Ga' Ga"
S" McIntsh St., Elberton, Ga.
Stovall, Sarah
_Bogart, Ga.
Strong, Mrs. Katherine Hartridee"
Stychomb, Drewry D
8
Sutton, Jno. W.
1409>" nravtTM '"<'" "Q Lavonla- Ga-
%fiiV&^,?l? sVkl*
fe*Sa?tunahl St-> Athens,
Ga" Ga.
Tarver, A. B Z~ Taylor, Jno L
13^l
iFLlm lls ^St'--
^ ^ N^ 3 Augusta, Ga.
Taylor, May
in~5"-"'i."i T\ Talbtton, Ga.
Thomas, Mrs! MargaretC Thompson, Mrs. Flora C
69fi P?^ Alf' AtJanta> Ga" Peachtree St Atlanta, Ga.
Thompson, Mildred DuPontZ'.".' Thornton, Mrs. Eva Looney. Ticknor, Daisy E Towers, Mary NortonlZ Tuck, Sarah E Tucker, Elise Odum
iFFTMri~*i
"
r^{'
A Mtl?TM*l^>'
n*' a'
S'liiST '^e P?rk- Ga'
f2in8"0F1"<^ 7t0j\ B TMllahd
^'T^8' St Rome,
^ Ga.
6 E> SterllnS St., Atlanta, Ga.
Tuggle, Juliette...
---Conyers, Ga.
Turnbull, Mrs. Elizabeth" J Tyler, Nell Ellen Tyus, Mattie
"
LaGrange, Ga.
VT
Tccoa, Ga.
Norman Park, Ga.
Upshaw, Mrs. Ruth SummerouZZ Venable, Myrtle C
Ilnw/f6' r*' ^ - ---------Alpnaretta, Ga.
Von der'Lefth Irene". Vonderau, Mrs. Fannie Brown Wade, Lucy A
mJZt'J'?'' P\' BX 459
% 25i1
Hwl-1n1ASft.",
A"Psta> Atlanta.
GaGa.
Wallace, Clara Miriam::: Wallace, Frances Cecelia. Walker, Mrs C N
12^'TM=^^^' a> 1211 ^K' Augus}a' Ga-
lhs St" Augusta, Ga
Wallace, Marian Wall, Louise
Mt Vernon, Ga. Fors^,' Ga-> Box 207
Wall, Mrs. Swinney
Milledgeville, Ga.
Ware, Nicholas E ""
^ McRae, Ga.
Warnock, C. A
Inompson, Ga.
Warnock. Linnie
b"""V"
-Register, Ga.
Washington, Alice Mavnard"
---..Rockingarn, Ga., Rt. No 2
Watson8Ella J
>d
Watt, Elizabeth CopeMills
Watkins, Vera Esther
Wayne, Marian McDonald
Wayne, Mary Wright Webb, Josie
'-59oJ1nh??0" AJ!- Atlanta> Ga-
?qfl q
p.
,oJd4
P^, St' ^Sl^J*-
A}l^a< Gnffln-
GaGa-
%n&? St-.Th""ville, Ga.
i1'4i,T Tay!] or
c*e i^ AtlantaSt., E Savannah,
GaGa.
Weeks, Mary bsterman"; Mrs. Wertz, Marie Wheat. Mrs "zilpha'D
W Whheeealteler,y,SM araahrthPa CradwwfIoorrda
OI"XT""^
Ang'6r Ave- Atlanta> Ga-
i V
Harlem, Ga.
Crawford St., Thomasville, Ga.
4in0f6t'rCvoi'lilege"'Sitr., CAAomIuemri~bciuas., KGya..
Wicker, Isabel Wicks, Emma
Clayton, Ga., Box 17 Bainbridge, Ga. Covington, Ga.
18
w Wl1ike, Kaftoe (O, -. -"-;-; Williams, Mrs. Clara Hunter
Williams, Ira. Williams, Joel L .-
....41 Katherine St., Atlanta, Ga.
.
Ocilla, Ga.
_
ColumbuS) Ga.
lu
Milltown, Ga.
an "E" 5th St., Atlanta, Ga.
Williams, Samuel Oscar
^^Greensborc? Ga.
Willis, Clyde Willis, L. U... --
Cusseta, Ga., Rt. 2 Wrightsville, Ga.
wW!immbbeerrly^,SAAili[ecee^..
--- V-- ^Zm Washington St.,WBeasmt bProidingte,, GGaa..
Winston, Mrs. Eunice Horsely
Chipley Ga.
Wisdom, Tom. __ --
Millen, Ga.
Womack, William Thomas....
--^
Atlanta> Ga
Wood, Laura Glenn
--
Columbus, Ga.
Wood Marie Estes
^2 cieveUnd Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
W Wrigh't,^ClT ifforw d W ..-. Wright Mrs. Margaret Callaway Wurm, Lilhe Wyon, Evelyn Lucile
Young, Irene Young, Olivia
WaGrtlbeunwrgo,odT,eGnna..
jg^pESTlt, jSSS& Ga.
^
Tioadad
Rd Atlanta, ihompson,
Ga. Ga.
Goodwater, Ala.
Life Professional Elementary
A. d, ams, EVAdHithh RTjo^bhiinnssoonn Adams, Minnie A Adamson, Beulah JV1
818
Drayton St., Heard Aye
Savannah, Augusta>
GQaa..
Peachtree St., Atlanta, Ga.
"
Vinings, Ga.
Ailing, Annie S Anderson, him. Ansiey, Annie Black
56 Westminster Drive, Atlanta, Ga.
* E church st
Americus, Ga. Cataula. Ga.
AArrmmssttrroonngg,, MBtros.chM*-a-t;ti-e-.--M
Arnold, Eva L Ashmore, Berta Austin, Mrs. J. C. Bailey, Mrs G. W Bainter, Edith E
258 Juniper St., Atlanta, Ga.
** Jumpe
kevereux> Ga.
Carrollton, Ga.
Flat Rock, Ala.
Bow'don, Ga., Rt. No. 2
Daytona, Fla., Box 79
Ludville, Ga., R. F. D.
Ballew, W. J.
-
Baumstark, Josephine E
Beall, Mamie E..
rg
RKoseedaaa]iee
Drive, u
Atlanta, Dublin,
Ga. Ga.
...Colquitt, Ga.
BBeellll,inMgrrast.h FJ.ulCia....M-...a.-r-t.i.n
f61iT9qWw.
PFeeaacchnttrree e
St.,,
AQ^ tlan^ ta,
Ga.
gg
Bennett, Claude R
292'licile Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Bennett Mrs H. A. __,, Bennett Mis Minnie L Berg, Hilda U Best, J. Mary.. ,,-.
^'jessamine St., Fitzgerald, Ga.
g K Savannah, Ga.
602 2nd A
Roraej Ga.
.Decatur, Ga.
Bittick Harriet Ellen Black, Sarah N Blackshear, Mrs. Jas. A. Blackwell, J. William, Mrs Bland, Frances K.
gu'ETSt'jSSS" St., Savannah, Ga.
<"*
iso "
COo0ppeennm hill Ave., ^Caannttoonn >
Atlanta, Ga.
^Gaad,alBiao<x
16 Ga.
-
Ellijay, Ga.
SSS,KSuisZzi^^
19
Bogman, Mrs. F. S Booth, Mamie Shaw
Bragg, Lula Bramblett, Arthur
Brannon, Ethel Brazell, Anna
Burgamy, Alma Bunn, Jettie
Bullock, Fannie Florence Burroughs, Emily Burson, Sarah A...
Buzhardt, Gertrude Byers, Fitzhulee
Byrd, Elizabeth. Bryant, Lillian L. Byrd, Rheba Bales, Mary
Brooks, Vera
Callahan, Mrs. Norma
Camp, Ada F
'
Campbell, Mae Bessie.. Capers, Ruth Clark
Carder, Edna Bush
Carlton, Lucile Carmichael, Willie
Carroll, Mrs. Minnie Garner Carter, Inez
Carson, Jessie
Cates, Mrs. Arthur W Chance, Pinkie Mae Chandler, Lois
Chastain, Jonathan B Christian, Minnie
Christian, Nettie A Christian, Pearce.. Clay, George P.. Clarke, Ethel Clements, Mamie
Cloud, Mrs. Gertrude....." Cobb, Sarah P
Cofer, Lillie Moye Collinsworth, Maria Compton, Eva..
Conley, Mabel Emma "
Conley, Mrs. Chas. P
Conley, Annie D.
Cook, Carolyn....
"
Cook, J. S......
Cook, Mrs. T. W
~~
Cook, Rosa Belle.
Costello, Mary Louise".: Courtney, M. Irene
Cowart, James Allison Craig, Catherine....
Curry, Mrs. Ethel H Camp, Nellie
.,,, A , , ... , "'"' "** Uakhl11 Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
anZ w 'ui j"; Hahira, Ga 4 HlShland Ave , Albany, Ga
""A~*&~M M'"'SchAo"T', "PSowdRearbuSnpriGnagPs>,
GaGa.
Vidalia, Ga. Culverton, Ga.
McDonough, Ga ^-- - ---Rockmart, Ga. 2 Gor,don St' Atlanta, Ga. ioo ^ ulham St> Atlanta, Ga. lb2S Fenwick St., Augusta Ga
Hemp' Ga.
TV,- v ~
Atlanta, Ga.
i,,,oanta' R- F- D- 5, Box 197
1408 4th Ave., Columbus, Ga
McRae, Ga.
,T
Norcross, Ga.
Winder, Ga., Box 256
on RVr'"Vf"T""T-TallaP0Sai Gaim M-Y'^ ^,v,e ' Atlanta, Ga. 1016 Mllledge Rd., Augusta! Ga.
"ITQ"TT" ^"i
Atlanta, Ga.
iTM rA .y. St- Savannah, Ga.
HlU Sh Apt 2' Atlanta. Ga.
Atlanta, Ga., Rt. No. 4
Knn'"A""~
Pembroke, Ga
^pito1 Ave., Atlanta, Ga. ' HoPe St., Atlanta, Ga
;;=- Swamsboro, Ga., Rt. 2
' Fonders Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Mauck, Ga
pTsoSrsr---Alpharetta, Ga. d d8th St-. E. Savannah, Ga.
-.--
Alpharetta, Ga
--
Butts, Ga
bU4 feecnd Ave., Decatur, Ga
I4T46"B-5e'"difiordTTMPlace,
McRae, Atlanta,
Ga. Ga.
STT'S
Americus, Ga
r^14 Bass St., Atlanta, Ga.
m E- Pine St., Atlanta, Ga
TTnn'Wi^iTSr~~^ Jackson, Ga. 700QFi8tuh St- East Lake, Tenn. 0i Uilberson St., Atlanta, Ga ^f, Cascade Ave., Atlanta, Ga' Bul1 ^d 58th St, Savannah Ga'
^',,
--.-.Rochelle, Ga!
??,,Bfyan St.. Atlanta, Ga
T,oin^dgeVlle' Ga- Rt- No. 2 rdf Broad St., Augusta, Ga.
ast Gordn St., Savannah, Ga
jrr Milan, Ga., Rt. No. 1
So Druid Circle, Atlanta, Ga
5i""^""it
Shellman, Ga
^ Culberson St., Atlanta, Ga.
20
Collins, Martha Edith
-.121 Park Ave., W.^nnah, Ga.
SS&J^ Pearl cZZZZZZum Hlghland Ave = Ga.
DaVitte, Maude Gertrude
Lumber City, Ga.
Davis, Bessie VVmn
re Park Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Davis, Mrs. Diana D Davis, Emmie
Sis College St. Decatur, Ga. ^ 6 Franklin, Ga.
Denney, W. E. Dennis, Alice Lee
Edison, Ga Woodstock, Ga.
Doonan, Margaret Mary DuBose, Sarah
272 Myrtle ^, ^^^ Q& Newberry, S. C,
Dnu^nln ap', HH^att"tiMe cMGceUheen"eee"
Dunn, Bessie Claire Dunwoody Bessie Lee
'.'.'Z'ioSGiOlmrmoroendSt.S,t.W , Aaytlcarnotsas,, GGaa.. 8U Spring St., Atlanta, Ga. Edwards St, Elberton, Ga.
S LlddeT r, fl^faiuJraK . ifvityC ii.e. Ellington Katherme
=5S
Oglethorje *TMh
Ag,ve. AAugthuesntas,, McDonough,
GGaa.. Ga.
E lot*. Mrs. A C Elliott, Mary H Ellison, Dessa........ Eve, Mrs. Edith M
Exley Birdie Lee Field, Mrs. Horace A Fielder, Mrs. S. L
Fields, Mrs. T. A
Forsy'thApt., Savannah, Ga. Fairburn, Ga., Rt. No. 1
- "Ah fee Ave Augusta, Ga. e^l Heiry si!'Savannah Ga.
Ill Church St, Marietta, Ga. 614 ^nurc 'Grantville, Ga.
...Hampton, Ga.
..dimming, Ga.
Fisher, Louisa M.
Flanagan, Mrs. W. I
-
Fleming, Mrs. Julia Theodora
Fleming, Nora Ford, Laurie
Foster, Mrs. C. C Fostar, Mary Lou
Foster, Nell
Fuller, Annie Mary Fowler, Mrs. Sudie S Franklin Mrs Mary L Fin*er' Elizabeth
Gaillard, Lelia E
mto&vm St., Athens, Ga. "aK- TVinmlerboldt Ga.
76 Co liege SU Kan, Ga.
109 Forrest Ave., Marietta, Ga.
lujroi
R0Swell, Ga.
39o"Chase St., Athens, Ga.
-j* Gordon ^ Atlanta> Qa.
. E 17th gt Atlanta, Ga.
272 Lawton St. Atlanta Ga. &" ^am Adairsville, Ga.
Waleska, Ga., Rt. 1
-- --
E_ Savannah, Ga. Elberton, Ga., Rt. 6
GGaamlloews,ayB,laMncrhse. -V---a-l-h--e---A-
Gammon Lillie
-~..~
Gardner Nannie Elizabeth
Garner, Marmelle
5b0u8s
DTM uffyy"^St^ ., E.^S^ava^nn^ah^,
Ga.
Q&
Alpharetta, Ga.
327E "vth St., Dawson, Ga.
0"
Martin, Ga.
Garner, Mittie
Gatins, Nell
...
Gibson, Mrs Mattie D
Gibson, William A
Gilmer, Lottie Belle
Gladden, Nettie
igoPonce'de'Leo^'Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
lyu
r"i; 2432
C^rep-sw waall l
S st tS.h^ revP eptort^ , Laj.
Gillsville, Ga.
Chats-worth, Ga.
21
Glass, Mrs. Mary Ellen
Glenn, Minnie Lee Geeslin, Beulah
4no p nr
49
69o6WPDealad<bu*UtrrgeeStS-t.S, aAvtalnannatah,,
Ga. Ga.
Griggs, Corrie Lee... Gann, Rena
Goidsby, Carrie Virginia Good, Mrs. J. E....
Kno'"TM"VA
Lumpkin, Ga. West Point, Ga.
,2! W" 4irS\ St-' Savannah, Ga.
-926 Reynolds St., Augusta, Ga.
Goodrich, Eleanor Claudia' Goodwin, Pearl Estelle Grady, Mrs. Leona K Grant, Elizabeth
Graves, Mary A... Gray, Carrie M..
Greene, Mrs. J. O.
9fi4i R
g^ S>' Cedartown, Ga.
207 W M^T?^^ Augusta Ga.
?iVw J?"**.6* Sto' Cartersville Ga. 1U8 H^e"ham St., Savannah, Ga.
I'ITD V: 13th St" Atlanta, Ga.
i* Peachtree Place, Atlanta, Ga.
TM.My Drive, Savannah, Ga.
Greene, Lillian Andrew&_T.;
Gresham, Mrs. Josie Maddox
Griffith, Rita M
Gross, Clifford.
Gunby, Clara .7.".
Gwyn, Blance M
Hardwick, Eddie
Harrell, Lura W
Hansard, Mary.
'
Hardee, Mrs. W. P
Harden, Mrs. Lillian Jackson
Hargrove, Ruth..
105N l/sf ??" Augusta, Ga. St' Cartersville, Ga.
QncTw-^:"----Greensboro, Ga.
fiPV^ 36th St- Savannah Ga.
?i'nq TK neS, St- Savannah, Ga. U3 ,,2mas Ave., Columbus, Ga.
K,TM"011 St., Atlanta, Ga. 653 Glenn St., Atlanta Ga.
~r.
West Point, Ga.
oen"Tberton> Ga-> Rt- No. 2
WA~Z
, Atwood St., Atlanta, Ga.
524 Ponce de Leon Ave., Atlanta! Ga.
Harris, Mary Moore
Milledgeville, Ga.
Harrison, Mrs. V. C Harrison, Inda LillianZI Harrison, Mamie L
Cedartown Ga.
in05KCrnwero'".k' ee
,,-"V; "Kite' St., Marietta,
GaGa.
Harvard, Mrs. Margaret Hartley, Lillyian
Harris, Lucie V.....
Happoldt, Eva C
Hefiersman, Genevieve B
Hendon, Julia Wells
"
Heinz, Mamie W
Henderson, Louise C
Hendrix, Inez Tucker
Augusta, Ga.
Unadilia, Ga.
i7n'7w;"Tf'TV Tennille, Ga. 1,1 HlghJand Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
201T GTM ard tHt tsS>t.,CaSratevrasnvainllhe!
Ga. Ga!
KaTw"! fld Ale'' Atlanta, Ga.
i^"/each?"e*e St- Atlanta, Ga. orrest Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Herndon, Mrs. B. Z Hayward, Sarah Higgins, Annie
HHiilgl,giRns. , MMrs. Juanita Ccaarrppeenntteerr
iTTTL" ";
Bright, Ga.
VV?'w M 0lA!f'' Atlanta, Ga.
lYoJi*11? ?*" Cartersville, Ga.
5k1A6%Tebu eauAlSet'.', CWlauymcrbousss,, GGaa..
Hobby, Rowena E
Hodges, Mrs. Virginia F ""
Holmes, Mary Frances.
Hollmgsworth, Lois..
"
Howard, Catherine..
Hubbard, Mrs. FroniaB
Hudgms, Florence Albert Hudson, Winifred
Hunter, Myrtle LuciieJ. Hurtel, Ida Ingalls. Mrs. Carrie Crane
Jackson, Katherine Wyman
SSwTnt"^ Auburn, Ga. ^th St-> Augusta, Ga.
= s yP?V(Lr> Ga-> Rt- No. 2 Tr w ?].fa,r.St., Augusta, Ga. 1g.,W*LslVta Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Ave"> clumbus, Ga
Yn*"v;v----Palmetto, Ga. 106 4th Ave., Rome, Ga
naY; Y^'^ v Ellijay, Ga. MS-1 w8 ??Kalb Ave- Atlanta Ga.
527 Washington St., Atlanta, Ga.
1i(nJn2o*2?n"d!1A1; vSea.,vaRTM omaeh,,
Ga. Ga.
22
Jameson, Jessie....
;
Talbotton, Ga. Jackson, Ga.
Jinks, Nannie Belle
Chickamauga, Ga.
Johnson, Annie
--------
Johnson, Mrs. Lucy Bryan
4'17'w"' Poplar St., Griffin, Ga. 41 f w. r P Mar^hallvillei Ga.
Johnson, Blanche ~. Johnson, Mrs. Geo. K
""-jj 'Wade Ave., Atlanta, Ga. Chickamauga, Ga.
Johnson, Jemrie_. Johnson, Lula M Jones, Azile.-. - - Jones, Mrs. Bessie Adams
"i'52'"Crescent Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
-g()3 piedmont Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
1,og8
gauummvp_ter
St., Eatonton, Ga. .....Milan, Tenn
Jones, Bodie
Jones, Josephine
Jones, Mamie M
-
61 Lucile Ave., Atlanta, Ga. 50g E 3rd gt-> Rome, Ga. Atlanta, Ga.
Jones. Mrs. Margaret G
if Brookwood Drive, Atlanta, Ga.
Jones. Mrs. Richard P Jones, Ruby Augusta
*6> 'PTMonncceJduee
L~n
Court, Atlanta, ...Harrison,
Ga. Ga.
Jordan. Mrs. Bettie Jones, Willie E Kaufman, Blanche
209 16th St., Columbus, Ga. ''%\2 10th St., Columbus, Ga.
Zebulon, Ga.
Kendrick. Minnie
"_
Canton, Ga.
Kennett, Alma Ket^hum Julia Killorm. Mary S
i'i48''piedmont Ave., Atlanta, Ga. g E g7th gt ( savannah, Ga. Summerville, Ga.
King. Grace G
Millen, Ga.
King. Inez
456 Euclid Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
King, Kate Kirbv, Emery
..........
Laird. Kate Alsabrook, Lamnkin, Carrie... -
Mrs
--
LLaanndderursmh.inMe rsC. aDroolyronthAymanda
40 Thornton Ave., Dalton, Ga. nrmnpllv Ave . Atlanta, Ga.
^"s^CiS^eT^rkwood Ga.
26
butnerlana Savannah>
Ga,,
Rt.
"A"
RSt.~VA~. BBSoCx" S6TiiT,TIxvvyy Rd., AM tlailnletan,, GGaa..
Lanier. Mrs Walter V
pia'tRockiN. C., Rt. 1, Box 110
Laneau, Isabel. Lebey, Julia A Lebey, Mary A
gQg E p-enry St., Savannah, Ga.
g8Tf)Og
E" ^
Henry
nemy
St.,
Savannah, Portal,
Ga. Ga.
Lee. Jessie Lemuel Leiper, Louise F
347"Euclid Ave , Atlanta, Ga. Fayetteville, Ga.
Lewis, Lois Lewis, Mattie May
' Fayetteville, Ga. 702 E Lee s*-> Dalton, Ga.
Littleton. Mary.. Loonev. Mrs. u. O
soOPeachtree St.. Atlanta, Ga. Demorest, Ga.
Love. M. A Lovett. Rose Mary
aaubuo'Ea
Linden St., Atlanta, Ga. Roberta, Ga.
Lowe. Mrs Will Lumpkin, Mary N Lutrell, Mrs. f. n McClure, MiUie A McCaUum, Mary Lucy
WBouievard Terrace. Atlanta, Ga.
2?03 Beawm Ave., Columbus, Ga.
?,,9a1
vire-inia Virginia
Ave., Atlanta, 'Rochelle>
Ga. Ga.
20'w"''36th St., Savannah, Ga.
McCrohan. Anna Mane
McDaniel. Maude
-
McDonald. Emma Kernson
MMccEEllrroeya.thC, lNaraaomBeillEe.l.i.zabeth
Piedmont Hotel, Atlanta, Ga. ,,,, E p k Lane Atlanta, Ga. v^YVolceAe^ori Ave. Decatur, Ga. 408 E. P^^^Drive Atlanta, Ga. 21 butheriana u =Ca]houTli Ga
McEntire, McKibben,
J. T., Mrs
F1lSor.r..n.re...L..e-_e
McLendon, Elizabeth
?q'u Peabodv Ave., Columbus, Ga.
2911 ^aooov A w
AmericuS; G,,.
23
& IK*7
369 Lawto St., Atlanta, Ga.
Ks EJ'JS::::z::
Manaw, Mary W Martin,'Josephine RZZ Martin, Mrs. L U
^3o^itial"ftS;"^ ^ 212 RESf W#y> 0AugUSta' Ga. 421 wLldhnr '* |avanna^ ga. Waldburg St., Savannah, Ga.
Martin, Louis U
Carteeay, Ga.
Martin, Margaret ChandierZ." 408E" WaldburT"^"""^^6^' Ga'
Martin, Mary Pauline
Sp,,7 St Savannah, Ga.
Martin,' Mrs Minnie Lee Mash, Ellie Mason, Katie.:
Mathews, Irma J.I Matthews Mrs. Mamie
191
398
\F n
Pulh-a-m ---S-tW^A ootdilfanntdf>,
GaGa.
121 N' aTM St. Thomasville, Ga.
6 fl^f V6c' Athens' Ga'
6S St- E' Savannah, Ga.
Maxwell, Mrs. Julia E Meaders, Lula Kendall
'CZIM.
- -.-Cairo, Ga.
Oglethorpe University, Ga.
Mesrahee, Blanche
Gillsville, Ga.
McGee, Alice
Mindes, Joy Mindes Ziprah
Merk. Mrs LillieW Mevler, Catherine
Miller, Carolyn Edith" Miller! Lillian B
mk"q~~n n -----------Cairo, Ga. pinr, S\WleJUSt-' Decatw. Ga. fin Gw-mne" gt, W Savannah, Ga. 21 ^T" SHT" Sa7aTMah, Ga. 194w~102 Grmwod Ave.. Atlanta, Ga. VM ?S?t,nsrto*n St- E Savannah, Ga. 6 glethrP? Ave W. Savannah,' Ga.
Mobley, Minnie Maude Morrow. Rosa D
a' Savannah, Ga. social Circle, Ga.
Moore, Ethel EmmZZ Morgan, Agnes
Tn'fi'V ~Kn," imv'S 1 ' J0^
S c+t-W > S|savt aPnonianh,t',
GaGa.
Morgan, Mrs Em'ma"""Scott
Boulevard, Apt. A, Atlanta, Ga.
Morgan Genevieve Morris, Ethel
svTrvfi ------Dawson, Ga. 7 ^ ,fe St" Amencus. Ga.
Morrow, Mattie
Murrav, Stella
Neil, Mrs. Lucy's O'Brien, Ellen M...T Oeletree, Martha A
^.-.Talbotton Ga., Rt. No 3 W' fo6,3^1-66 St.. Atlanta, Ga.
o, } e-rne ,,St-. Atlanta, Ga. 20? W rL Hm%.St o AtIanta- Ga.
5 WroCh4rlt^n St., Savannah, Ga.
Oliver, A. S...
Oliver, Mattie Etta Orr, Cornelia AgensZ Osterhont. Mrs R D
of,K^1^ St.. Griffin, Ga. o,Jf JLli0 Sl- Savannah, Ga. ogf1! 4"*TSt- ,E Savannah, Ga.
bt. Charles Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Paden, Minnie Isabella: Palmer, Eunice M
R""T"l)'"'AA'
"R " Box
AiTo' 113,
A^anta' Atlanta,
Ga' Ga.
Palmet, Martha Lutrell Parker. Mrs. Kate. Parks, Ethel S...
Parks, Louise L Parks, Viola... Paschall, Mary
Patterson. Elizabeth J
imTS'ii 1S9A Athens, Ga. lM 3rll Ave., Columbus, Ga.
5 K 40th St., Savannah. Ga. i"ri~'"TM Ausrusta, Ga. ,,"ef Edwi" p ace, Atlanta, Ga. 6i bt' CTMJ]ZS Ave.. Atlanta, Ga.
5 0wens> Waycross, Ga.
Peacock. Flossie Adelaide Pease, Estelle... Peek. Hver Luciie
-Cordele, Ga. coni"^,^ Coleman. Ga. 630 E" 36th St> Savannah, Ga.
Pennine-ton, Daisv
Perry, Mrs. Mattie McD Perteet, Birdie Alley
B"m-~I -Covington, Ga. 265,,^I"t.er Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
219 First St., Albany, Ga. Wiley, Ga.
24
Peterson Mrs. A. L
Pettis, Mrs. W. M....1
Peitfer, Mrs. C. V
Philpot Irene
Pickard, Claire..'. .'.
Pickett, Missouri
Pierce, Mrs. Lula B
Pipkin, Mary E
Porter, Mrs. Corinne C
Pickard Belle
Proctor,' Mrs. Janie Mclntyre
Powell, Mrs. N. C
Pullen, Cathleen
Powell, Mrs. Adclie
Pritchard, Sarah C
Kahn, Kuby
Kankm, Mrs. John C
Keagan, Kate O
-
Keeves, Mrs. Annie F
Keith, Catherine Frances
Keney, Gertrude D
Khoo.es, Maude Aurelia
Kidgeway, Mrs. E. H
Kigdon, Mrs. M. L
Kuey, Komona H
Kives, Kosa Aline
Kobert, Mary P
Kobertson, Catherine M
Kobertson, Henrietta M
Koddy, Helen
'.
Kogers, Edna
Renf.roe, Bessie Lou
Kyan, Minnie E
Kamsey, Madeline
Sampler, W. W
Sanders, Margaret
Saunders, Maniles
Schaul, Mrs. Augusta A
Schrameck, Amy Claire
Sanborn, Mrs. J. M
Seitz, Henrietta
Sellers, Annie B
Sessions, Mrs. W. L
Shannon, Mary Lucile
Shamburger, Helen _
Shepherd, Estelle
Shewmake, Mary Harris
Shimp, Anna Jarrett :
Silvey, Elizabeth.
Simpson, Mary
Sims, Pearl Clara
Singletary, Mrs. M. E
Skinner, Annie Lois
Skinner, Jene
Smith, Annie Louise
Smith, Eunice Cooper
203 Atlanta St., Marietta, Ga. -Butler, Ga.
-- Sylvama, Ga. 262 Green St., Augusta, Ga. 1105 2nd Ave., Columbus, Ga.
...Kllijay, Ga. Lawndale, N. C, lit. JNo. 2
Mount Gave, N. C. Cuthbert, Ga.
Cedartown, Ga. College Bark, Ga.
Lincolnton, Ga. Shellman, Ga.
- -.-Colquitt, Ga. 601 Crawford Ave., Augusta, Ga. 220 Henry St., W. Savannah, Ga.
Kayle, Ga. 73 N. Mayson Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Alexander, Ga. 1004 Chatfee Ave., Augusta, Ga. 285 St. Charles Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
72 Park Ave.. Atlanta, Ga. Bethlehem, Ga., Kt. .No. 1
Barnesville, Ga. 404 E. Henry St., Savannah, Ga. 330 Woodland Ave., Winder, Ga.
368 Puliiam St., Atlanta, Ga. 971 Heard Ave.. Augusta, Ga. 403 Telfair St., Augusta, Ga. 790 Peachtree St., Atlanta, Ga. 347 Thomas St., Elberton, Ga. 1337 Broad St., Columbus, Ga. 109 Jackson St., Hawkinsviiie, Ga.
Coiumbus, Ga., K. F. D. Clsco> a.
Atlanta, Ga. Dawson, Ga. 1107 Habersham St., Savannah, Ga. 2419 Williams St., Augusca, ua. 1207 N. Madison St., Albany, Ga. 2215 Bull St., Savannah, Ga.
Ellijay, Ga. Soperton, Ga. East Point, Ga. Lower Peachtree, Ala. 262 Myrtle St., Atlanta, Ga. 403 Telfair St., Augusta, Ga. 41 Delaware Ave., Atlanta, Ga. 168 Forest Ave., Atlanta, Ga. Blackshear, Ga. Woodbury, Ga. Unadilla, Ga. Kt. No. 2, Augusta, Ga. R. F. D., No. 3, Augusta, Ga. Washington, Ga. Eastman, Ga.
25
Smith, Josephine
721 Grant St., Brunswick, Ga.
Smith, James L
_
Clayton, Ga.
Smith, Mrs. Lillian Avery
Adrian, Ga.
Smith, Lynette F
680 Ponce de Leon Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Smith, Mrs. Mattie N
Tennille, Ga.
Smith, Mrs. Vashti L
Ball Ground, Ga.
Spullock, Fannie
308 E. First St., Rome, Ga.
Spahr, Fanny.
527 Washington St., Atlanta, Ga.
Spears, Mrs. Cola Smith.
565 Washington St., Atlanta, Ga.
Spears, Mrs. Laura Edwards
Ball Ground, Ga.
Speir, Lillian
84 Josephine St., Atlanta, Ga.
Stansel, Edna Irene
623 Rivers St., Valdosta, Ga.
Sams, Louis Reeves, Mrs
548 Spring St., Atlanta, Ga.
Sterling, Obie Harrell
Eastman, Ga.
Starrett, Bessie Josephine
LaGrange, Ga.
Stevens, Mrs. M. L
Elberton, Ga.
Simmons, Iva May
Ellijay, Ga.
Smith, Lula
Reidsville, Ga.
Stoey, Sarah
608 Jackson St., Thompson, Ga.
Stokes, Ann Fannin
Madison, Ga.
Supplee, Mrs. Annie L
Covington. Ga.
Sutton, Mrs. Dan T
Rt. 4, Tiftonl Ga.
Tarpley, George W
Padena, Ga.
Taylor, Frankie
610 Highland Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Taylor, Vanda C
Hillsboro, Ga.
Teasley, Mrs. L. A
360 Church St., Elberton, Ga.
Terry, Jessie
57 Cascade Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Thomas, Harriett H
16 Culberson St., Atlanta, Ga.
Thomason, Sarah
630 22nd St., Columbus, Ga.
Thompson, Mrs. L. L
1030 48th St., Savannah, Ga.
Thompson, Margaret
9 Seminole Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Thompson, Mrs. Maude D
Ty Ty, Ga.
Thrasher, Birdie
Cheshire Bridge Road, Atlanta, Ga.
Thrasher, Fannie
Atlanta, Ga., Rt. 8
Todd, Beulah
1137 Monte Sano Ave., Augusta, Ga.
Tolbert, Nettie Ola
Maysville, Ga.
Towns, Mrs. Ruby Winter _
Winterville, Ga.
Truelove, Laura P
Rt. 2, Murrayville, Ga.
Trueluck, Mrs. William Terrill, Genie
Ill E. Third St., Atlanta, Ga. Lumpkin, Ga.
Terrill, Helen E
Lumpkin, Ga.
Tignor, Mary
1500 2nd Ave., Columbus, Ga.
Tucker, Blossom
19 Elmwood Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Tuggle, Ruth Ashley
_
828 Spring St., Atlanta, Ga.
Turner, Mrs. Daisy Lee
46 W. Pine St., Atlanta, Ga.
Tillman, Janette
42 N. Highland St., Atlanta, Ga.
Tutwiler, Ethel
587 Peachtree St., Atlanta, Ga.
Twitty, James D
Gainesville, Ga.
Underwood, Lucile K Vance Rosa May
117 Huntingdon St., W. Savannah, Ga. Cedartown, Ga.
Vea , Mary Josephine
604 Broad St., Rome, Ga.
Wade, Mrs. Andrew Lee
924 Church St., Decatur, Ga.
Wa den, Mrs. Ada R
Augusta, Ga., Box 592
Waldrop Bessie
Rt. No. 2, Flovilla, Ga.
Wa ker, Edith Isabel
_ 219 E. 38th St., Savannah, Ga.
Walker, May A
207 Grant St.. Atlanta, Ga.
26
Walsh, Joanna E
Walsh, Kate A
Warno'ck, Esther
Waters, Mrs. Eunice T
Wash, Cullie J
Watson, Mrs. Izora
Watts, Dollie McLain
Weaver, J. W
Webb, Mrs. Anna
-
Webster, Margie L
Weigle, Marian E
Wells, Lucile
West, Ada
White, Emily Pournelle
White, Flossie
Whitehead, Anne E
Whiting, Chas. G
Wilkes, Annie D
Wilkerson, William R
W'lliams, John Rutherford
Williams. Mae Rebecca
WiMis, Willie
WiFs, Ossie
Wills, Audrev
Wilson, James B
Wilson, Winnie Davis
Windsor, Martha Peel
Wily, Madeline John
Wvnn, Helen G
Wynn, Lula St. Clair
Youne-e. Elizabeth L
Young-blood. Mamie A
Zant, Beulah
Zetterour, Sallie I
Zittrower, Marion E
9 Lincolnton St., Savannah, Ga.
9 Lincolnton St., Savannah, Ga.
Statesboro, Ga.
Sylvania, Ga.
Hatcher Station, Quitman, Ga.
Rt. 2, Omega, Ga.
109 Piedmont St., Calhoun, Ga.
Ocilla, Ga.
Adrian, Ga.
278 Juniper St., Atlanta, Ga.
341 Green St., Augusta, Ga.
227 Juniper St., Atlanta, Ga.
55 N. Howard St., Atlanta, Ga.
1415 Anthony Rd., Augusta, Ga.
Barnesville, Ga.
Vienna, Ga.
R. F. D. No. 1, Seville, Ga.
-
Oak Park, Ga.
406 Gwinnett St., W. Savannah, Ga.
Colquitt, Ga.
421 McLendon Ave , Atlanta, Ga.
Railroad St., Elberton, Ga.
Winder, Ga.
Winder, Ga.
R. F. D. No. 2, Summit, Ga.
Madison, Ga.
231 E. 4th St., Atlanta, Ga.
109 E. 5th Ave., Rome, Ga.
1102 E. Duffy St., Savannah, Ga.
1102 E. Duffy St., Savannah, Ga.
Wilmington Island, Ga.
237 Telfair St., Augusta, Ga.
Cairo. Ga.
Statesboro. Ga., R. F. D.
904 E. Duffy St., Savannah, Ga.
Life Professional College (Negroes)
Glenn, Isabel Kelley Harris, Julia Jackson
Harris, Samuel F Hubbard. William M Hubert, John Wesley
Shivery, Mrs. L. D
245 Chestnut St., Atlanta, Ga. Athens, Ga.
1249 W. Broad St.. Athens, Ga. Forsyth, Ga.
2201 Oeeechee Ave.. Savannah, Ga.
117 Chestnut St., Atlanta, Ga.
Life Professional Normal (Negroes)
Allen, Mamie Wimbish
Anderson, LiHa Evans... Broughton. Mary S
Bryant. Alrie Cade, John Brother Clarke. Sarah 0 Craie. Peter Henry
Daniel, Martha M Davis, Marie Gertrude
219 Formwalt St., Atlanta, Ga.
..508 Whitehall St.. Washington, Ga. 46 Martin Ave., Atlanta, Ga. (So.)
184 McDonoucrh Rd., Atlanta, Ga. Paine College. Augusta, Ga.
537 E. Park Ave., Savannah, Ga. 1537 12th St., Augusta, Ga.
712 W. 45th St., Savannah, Ga. 2219 Hardin St., Savannah, Ga.
27
Deas, James Milton
Deveaux, Fannie Lawrence Dyer, Minnie E
Edwards, Willie Grant Evans, Ethel M Forest, Hattie 1
Fiemister. Henrv L Gadson, Delia May
Gadsden, Pobt. W.1.Z
Gadsden. Geneva Stiles...." Goosby, Janie L
Goosby, Ladv IahTa
Hamilton. Nila Belle
Hamilton. Eunice Johnson. Inez
EvelyY n
Tones. M. AmmZ
Kay. Rosamond
Keith, Bertha Estelle Kelsey. Andrew Z
Kinsr. Gertrude Loretta Kirkland. John H Lamar. M^ude Tren"e Lee. Ophelia Holley Lewis. CvnWa Evans
Landrum, E'la T Lawrence, Jiidson C Lawrence. Olivia A
MnAden, Leila Edwina McCann Robt. J..
Maxev. Tena Beatrice Maxwell. Anna Miller, Jackson E
Miller, Susie A
Miner, Addie Blake
Moiette, Sarah Willis... Norris. Annie Hester Paschal. Mildred Belle Perrv, Olive
Phillips, Lucy" Anne Pittman, Mrs C. B Prather. Joseph B Potter, Louise P
Rhan, Clifford ""
Raiford, Blanche A. Raiford, Andrew R
Reeves. Minnie Lee
Rayford. Alice ItEZZI Ray ford, Nannie Rutland. Hilliard E
Saxton, Minnie M Sawyer. SamanthaB
Schell, Carrie Overon
Shivery. Madeline R Smith, Lula
Smith Thomas H Smith,' BessTe E
5KUi"il"raw9yiL0r ^mv"VE-SSavannah, ,'
a-
Ga.
53n
Lv? ari
AAEveIhswE-StSSaAvatlnannatha,,
Ga. Ga.
6 Parsons St., Atlanta, Ga.
Valdosta, Ga.
o";"n -Madison, Ga.
ifg"0i88iW^i " TM6ftK lt] S*t.',
I*- Ronie' favanna*> Savannah,
GaGaGa.
jl\ M boulevard Atlanta, Ga.
ZM'EF'
rlifc
oleVm,d' Atlanta-
TM?I*STTMS/t.1.1
Thomasville, St., Atlanta,
Ga. Ga. Ga.
-i6TM1*' St., Atlanta, Ga.
on* ir ^J1 - ; Atlanta, Ga.
"'
oo ^\St- Cartersville, Ga.
22 MouShn St., Atlanta, Ga.
"""iSK5
TKT-L'Tl^n'jd"e"
A A ve-
.Griffin, Atlanta,
Ga. Ga.
--....Valdosta, Ga., Box 533
"KI"5xT- A>nZdprseoend
otSt Atl"nt*. t , Savannah,
fiaGa.
516 E^n^er,?on St" Savannah, Ga.
Auburn Ave.. Atlanta, Ga.
Milled<reville, Ga.
197*TM""VJS:M--i-llEedaeto-envtiollne,,
Ga. Ga.
29(4)dG'rRll%l PZiJe"ny
A*avrke'"
A"TM*. Atlanta,
GaGa.
Mercer St , Savannah, Ga.
Guyton, Ga.
-Guyton, Ga.
1S07 TAM ?r-
FiHh=s
Scit'"""BiTM^sw^ic^k,
KyGa.
44qn ^cennea St., Chicago, 111.
90A?^lmtt St" Atlanta, Ga.
8R4k"EF'""^*TJurr-1!*S2^?
S" Atlanta> Gainesville,
Ga. Ga.
29115^29Q8'G rT,T,*r,e"9?e?&?.11lC% C"I,lhfr?flyr^ ^odACVTTMSSS*t"t.t,*"ATM APAtetlTM lllabah"anatn*tmaay..,,,
Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga.
-HP w"?- SV Savannah, Ga.
8oit^CPJK 3*^ AB'TM^ns^ wicfk'.
2*" Ga.
Howell St., Atlanta, Ga.
67 n
Rockmart, Ga.
Gammon Ave Atlanta, Ga.
OKOTTS
Maysville, Ga.
Ma" fJ!
FE"
uSenAr<yJa*S
!*- Gary' IndSavannah, Ga.
*JerUeliVBa"pA xestnrfy^^Sittn,teS,avAatnhneanhs,,
Ga. Ga.
15 Jackson St., Atlanta, Ga.
28
Spencer, Lucile Baldwin
214 E. Park Ave., Savannah, Ga.
Strickland, Ethel J
^-^C^0n0Ugt *"
Strickland, William Clarence
R. P. D., McDonough, Ga.
Taylor Olive A
15 Johnson Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Tompk'ins, Sofronia M
1919 Burroughs St., Savannah. Ga.
Wallace. Elizabeth A
5050 Planters St., Albany, Ga.
Washington, J. M
Savannah, Ga., Rt. A" Box ii
White, Eliza Brown
45 Lee St., Atlanta, Ga.
Whitmire, Annie E
316 Duffy St., Savannah, Ga
Williams, Carrie F
Wadley, Ga. Rt. 1, Box 11
Willis, Delphene Stonev
316 W. 55th St., Savannah, Ga.
Wingfleld, Lewis Smith
307 King St., LaGrange, Ga.
Wise Minnie Reid
23 Gammon St., Atlanta, Ga.
Wright, Rosa Lee M
508 W. Hunter St., Atlanta, Ga.
White, Chlora L
11 Marcy St., So. Atlanta, Ga.
Wilder, Sallie Walker
38 Mason and Turner Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Wilkes Beuna V
533 W. Hunter St., Atlanta, Ga.
Williams, Nathan S
617 W 9th St., Waynesboro, Ga.
Williamson, Mattie P
242 E. Taylor St, Atlanta, Ga.
Wilson Cora L
306 Herring St., Decatur, Ga.
Wimbish. Maggie E
215 Port St.. Atlanta, Ga.
Wingfield, Mazie Lewis
307 King St.. LaGrange, Ga.
Wise Rubie B
57 Tatnall St., Atlanta, Ga.
Wynn, Elizabeth L
68 Tatnall St., Atlanta, Ga.
Wynn, Mamie E
- - Rome. Ga
Woodall, Mattie Sikes
68 Highland Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
Life Professional Elementary (Negroes)
Ashton Rosa L Averv, 'Sophia M Badger Annie D Bailey Nellie L Barker Mary C Barnett Eugenia H Bepsley' Varonica M Bell. Annie Ernestine Bell Mamie P Bell' Minnie Billups, Luvenia M Brannon. Henrietta S
Brown, Magsrie P Brown Minnie Lee Brown! Rachel O'Neal Brown, William H Bryant, Brunetta Bryant Ira S
Buchanan, Hanna E Burch Tla M Butler Sarah J
Butler'. Minnie H Camnbell Lena Jones Oandav A V W Carter Eva I
Carter', Joan Gilbert Chapman, Carrie Louise
528 Anderson St., E. Savannah, Ga. ...Greensferry Ave., Atlanta, Ga. 18 Clifford St., Atlanta, Ga. 177 Beckwith St., Atlanta, Ga. 280 Houston St., Atlanta, Ga. 194 E Harris St.. Atlanta, Ga.
638 E. Broad St., E. Savannah, Ga. 300 Auburn Ave., Atlanta, Ga. 300 Auburn Ave., Atlanta, Ga. 251 E. Cain St., Atlanta, Ga.
--.174 Howell St.. Atlanta, Ga. 275 W. Mitchell St., Atlanta, Ga.
=- Albany, Ga. 1612 N. Madison St.- Thomasville, Ga.
107 Bedford Place. Atlanta, Ga. 617 W. Park Ave., Savannah, Ga.
824 E. 38th St., Savannah, *G. 824 E. 38th St.. Savannah, Ga
56 Walnut St., At'anta, Ga. 219 W. Mitchell St.. Atlanta, Ga. 515 Henry St.. W. Savannah, Ga.
326 E. 2nd St. Macon, Ga. 15 Grove St , Atlanta, Ga. 139 N. Ashbv St., Atlanta, Ga. 514 W. Mitchell St.. Atlanta. Ga.
Box 293 Manchester, Ga. 2'4 Magnolia St., Atlanta, Ga.
29
Chinn, Mary Elizabeth Clements, Cynthia Coles, Evangeline Cogborn, Mamie R Davy, Annie Kennedy Deadwyler, Mary Wright Read Deas, Lilla G Dickerson, Rebecca E Durham, Mattie J Ellis, Alice M Ellis, Helen Morris
Ellynn, Mattie Jones Eichelberger, Pennie B. Spear Evans, Sara J Pmley, Cora B Fleming, Annie Louise Foster, Marie Gaither Foster, Mary Lou Fox, Rachel Rogers French, Hanna Soloman Gibson, Gertrude Gordon, Nettie A Grant, Annie Litha Grant, Jessie J Greene, Annie B
Greene, Laurie Naomi Griffin, Elizabeth Holmes Grimes, Mary M Hall, Mabel F
Hannon, Nellie A Hanson, Gussie E Harrington, Ida M Harris, Mary Ruth Harrison. Ethel L Harvey, Florence May Hawkins Jereleen C Haynes, Annie D Hembree, Mexico Shehee Hendrickson, Carrie B Hendrickson, Lizzie E Hieklin Pearl B Hicks Roberta
5?-}}' 4^"ann!ee VI Hill Maude Ehzabeth
Holland, Maude Sadie Horton, Norma C
Houstoun, Henrietta E HoustounSallie C Hudgens, F Janes Jackson, Blanche C Jackson, Ethe W. Jackson Eureka L Jardin, Lizzie Solomon Jenkins. Estelle
Jenkins, Ursula Maxwell
116 Wrightsboro Rd., Augusta, Ga.
Monticello, Ga., Rt. 5 60 Lyons Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
428 Planters St., Albany, Ga. 1005 Broad St., Rome, Ga.
527 Hancock Ave., Athens, Ga. Box 381 Adel, Ga.
157 Hilliard St., Atlanta, Ga. 703 Lawrence St., Marietta, Ga. 506 Anderson St, E. Savannah, Ga. 506 Anderson St., Savannah, Ga.
219 Vine St., Atlanta, Ga. 35 Chamberlain St., Atlanta, Ga.
26 Parsons St., Atlanta, Ga.
219 Formwalt St., Atlanta, Ga.
Covington, Ga.
137 Howell St., Atlanta, Ga. 390 Chase St., Athens, Ga.
309 V2 Duffy St., E. Savannah, Ga. 411 Planters St., Albany Ga. Rabun Gap! Ga.
505 Bowen St., Savannah, Ga.
202 Griffin St., Atlanta, Ga. 930 W. 38th St., Savannah, Ga.
119 Clark St., Atlanta, Ga.
539 E. Henry St., Savannah, Ga.
430 Flint St., Albany, Ga. 6 Chestnut St., Atlanta, Ga. 185 Beckwith St.. Atlanta, Ga.
237 W. Fair St., Savannah, Ga. 463 Jones St., Forsvth Ga.
1721 Wolf St., Brunswick. Ga.
237 W. Fair St., Atlanta, Ga.
no Hamilton St., LaGrange, Ga
173 N. Boulevard, Atlanta, Ga. 45 Irwin St, Atlanta, Ga.
80 Yonge St., Atlanta, Ga.
490 W. Mitchell St.. Atlanta, Ga 518 E. Park Ave., Savannah, Ga.
518 E. Park Ave.. Savannah, Ga. 705 Fletcher St., Thomasville, Ga.
236 Mills St Barnesville, Ga.
187 Litt,e
82 Terry
SStt.,>
AAttllaannttaa,,
GGaa..
187 Little St., Atlanta, Ga.
42 Brown Ave., So., Atlanta, Ga.
2245 Garden St.. Augusta, Ga.
510 E. Anderson St., Savannah, Ga. 510 E Anderson St.. Savannah, Ga.
174 W. Hunter St., Atlanta, Ga.
2 Thayer Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
515 Henry St., E. Savannah, Ga.
549 E. Park Ave.. Savannah, Ga.
409 Planters St., Albany, Ga 602 S. Jefferson St.. Dublin, Ga.
107 Page St., Marietta, Ga.
!!0
Johnson, Elizabeth E
Johnson, Gussie Beech
Jones, Jessie Mae
Kennedy, Emma L
Knight," Sarah H....'.
Landrum, Bessie
Lanier, Flora E
Lavinder, Napoleon B
Leathe, Uzzie Burnett
Lee, Gertrude
Lewis, Melissa Brown
Lindsay, Sara A
Lottin, Mattie Lueila Dynch, .samuel E Mcuanu, Hivangelme Mcunnton, Susie bears Mcriei,ry, Nellie E Mclntvre, Carrie Isabel iVlartin, Kosa Lee Minnineld, Lizzie Mae Mitchell, Josephine F Moore, Mary MelL Moore, Sarah P. Norns, Willie Hall JMorxis, L. H Pitt.-,, Clara Thomas fowell, Mary A Quinney, Fmma A KaKestraw, Ocie Dorothy Ray, Jessie Hazel KecJ, Julia White Roberts, Addie M Kouertson, Maggie Allen Ross, Marhoda Hill Scott, Cicely Blanche Snannon, Elizabeth Estelle Snaw, Lavada F Shy, Callie L Smith, Tommie Ethel Solomon, Zollicorrer C Spain, Hattie Mae Stephens, Maggie Stuart, Hanna Margaret Sullivan, Amelia W Taylor Rebecca Stiles Taylor) Sara A Timpers, Mamie Logan Torbert, Mattie Redonia
White, Chlora L Wilder, Sallie E. Walker Wilkes, Beuena Williams, Nathan F Williamson, Mattie F
503 Bowen St., Savannah, Ga.
Box 162 Summerville, Ga.
175 Connally St., Atlanta, Ga.
304 Magnolia St., Atlanta, Ga.
Rockmart. Ga.
423 Auburn Ave., Atlanta, Ga.
2410 Florence St., Savannah, Ga.
Box 34 Vienna, Ga.
R. F. D. No. 1, Box 24, Durand, Ga.
426 Flint St., Albany. Ga.
...725 Park Ave., W. Savannah, Ga.
802 W. 42nd St., Savannah, Ga.
206 Highland Ave., Albany, Ga. K- *' l>- J*- U Dallas, Ga.
1276 Druid .farm Ave., Augusta, Ga. 21 Fitzgerald St., Atlanta, lia. 319 Luckie tit., Atlanta, Ga. 808 G St., UrunswicK, Ga. 58 Leach St., Atlanta, Ga. 246 Magnolia St., Atlanta. Ga.
521 F. Ga. Ave., Fast I'oint, lia. 208 N. Boulevard, Atlanta, Ga.
520 F. Gwinnett St., Savannah, Ga. 34 Logan St., Atlanta, Ga. Ozone tit., Atlanta, Ga.
169 Markham St., Atlanta, Ga. Jesup, Ga.
505 Huntingdon St., Savannah, Ga. 206 Jonesboro Kd., Atlanta, Ga. 615 Calhoun Ave., Kome, Ga. 123 Madison Ave., Athens, Ga. Monticello, Ga.
1110 E. Broad St., Savannah, Ga. 28 Gammon Ave., Atlanta, Ga. Bolton, Ga. Forsyth, Ga. 396 Auburn Ave., Atlanta, Ga. 61 Gartrell St.. Atlanta, Ga. 190 McDaniel St., Atlanta, Ga. Reynolds, Ga. Box 107, Ben Hill, Ga.
1010 Burroughs St., Savannah, Ga. Senoia, Ga.
1233 Pine St., Augusta, Ga. 710 W. 36th St., Savannah, Ga. 19 Martin Ave., So. Atlanta, Ga.
337 W. Fair St., Atlanta, Ga. 65 Tatnall St., Atlanta, Ga.
11 Marcy St., So. Atlanta, Ga. 38 Mayson and Turner Ave., Atlanta, Ga
533 W. Hunter St.. Atlanta, Ga. 617 W. 9th St., Waynesboro, Ga.
242 E. Taylor St., Atlanta, Ga.
31
Ww 'mbunis'uhCoMTMaaggie iEV Wingfield, Mazie Lewis Wise, Ruby V Wynn, Elizabeth L Wynn, Mamie
Woodall, Mattie Sykes
8062H15erFrionrgt SStt..,, DAetlcaantutar,, GGaa.. 307 King St., LaGrange, Ga.
57 TatnaH St., Atlanta, Ga. 68 Tatnall St., Atlanta, Ga.
Rome Ga
68 Highland Ave., Atlanta, Ga.'
32
GEORGIA State School Items
Published Monthly by the Department of Education.
Vol. 2
DECEMBER 1, 1924
No. 3
N. H. BALLARD,
State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5. 1923, at the Post Office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923.
ATLANTA, GA.
GEORGIA
Educational Directory
1924-25
PUBLISHED BY THE
Department of Education
N. H. BALLARD
State Superintendent of Schools ATLANTA
United States Commissioner of Education.
JOHN J. TIGERT, Washington, D. C.
State and Territorial Superintendents.
Alabama
John W. Abererombie
Arizona
C. O. Case
Arkansas
A. B. Hill
California
W. C. Wood
Colorado
Mary C. C. Bradford
Connecticut
A. B. Meredith
Delaware
H. V. Holloway
District of Columbia --Frank Ballou
Florida
W. S. Cawthon
Georgia
N. II. Ballard
Idaho
Elizabeth Russum
Illinois
Francis G. Blair
Indiana
B. J. Burris
Iowa
May E. Francis
Kansas
J. W. Miley
Kentucky ,
McHenry Rhoads
Louisiana
T. II. Harris
Maine
A. 0. Thomas
Maryland
Albert S. Cook
Massachusetts
Payson Smith
Michigan
T. E. Johnson
Minnesota
____J. M. McConnell
Mississippi
W. F. Bond
Missouri
Chas. A. Lee
Montana
May Trumper
Nebraska
John M. Matzen
Nevada
, W. J. Hunting
New Hampshire
E. W. Butterfield
New Jersey
John Enright
New Mexico New York
Isabel L. Eckles Frank P. Graves --
North Carolina
A. T. Allen
North Dakota
Minnie Neilson
Ohio
Vernon M. Riegel
Oklahoma
M. A. Nash
Oregon
J. A. Churchill
Pennsylvania
J. Geo. Beeht
Rhode Island
Walter E. Ranger
South Carolina
J. H. Hope
Montgomery
Phoenix
Little Rock
Sacramento
Denver
Hartford
Dover
'-- Washington
Tallahassee
Atlanta
Boise
_"-- Springfield
Indianapolis
DesMoines
Topeka
Frankfort
Baton Rouge
Augusta
Annapolis
Boston
Lansing
St. Paul
Jackson
Jefferson City
Helena
Lincoln
Carson
Concord
Trenton
Santa Fe
Albany
Raleigh Bismark
Columbus
Oklahoma City
Salem
Harrisburg
_
Providence
Columbia
South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Hawaii Porto Bico Alaska Canal Zone Philippine Island
C. G. St. John P. L. Harned S. M. N. Marrs C. N. Jensen Clarence H. Dempsey Harris Hart Mrs. J. C. Preston Geo. M. Ford John C. Callahan Mrs. Katharine A. Morton W. E. Givens Juan B. Huyke Lester D. Henderson W. W. Andrews Luther B. Bewley
Pierre Nashville
Austin Salt Lake City
Montpelier Bichmond
Olympia Charleston
Madison Cheyenne Honolulu San Juan
Juneau Panama Manilla
State Board of Education Members Ex-Officio
CLIFFORD WALKER, GOVERNOR, President. X. H. BALLARD, STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS,
Secretary and Executive Agent
Members by Appointment
E. J. FORRESTER, Sparta, Term ending September 5, 1925. R. W. WEAVER, Macon, Term ending September 5, 1925. .]. II. SAXON, Decatur, Term ending September 5, 1927.
E. E. McCARTY, JR., Blakely, Term ending September 5, 1927.
State Department of Education N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools.
MISS ALMA NORRIS, Clerk. MISS MARLE PARKER, Secretary.
State Supervisors and Auditor J. 0. MARTIN, Covington. GEO. D. GODARD, Milner. I. S. SMITH, Reidsville.
TOM WISDOM, State School Auditor, Chipley. M. L. DUGGAN, Rural School Agent, Atlanta. E. A POUND, High School Supervisor, Atlanta.
MRS. W. T. MOORE, Secretary
State Board of Vocational Education N. H. BALLARD, Executive Officer, Atlanta.
F. E. LAND, Director, Atlanta.
Members Ex-Officio D. C. BARROW, Chairman, Athens. N. H. BALLARD, State Superintendent of Schools, Atlanta.
Members by Appointment W. C. VEREEN, Vice-President, Moultrie, Term ending July 1, 1925.
MAX. L. McRAE, McRae, Term ending July 1, 1925. R. W. TRIMBLE, Trimble, Term ending July 1, 1925.
SAM TATE, Tate, Term ending July 1, 1927. ROSS COPELAND, Augusta, Term ending July 1, 1927.
State Vocational Supervisors. PAUL W. CHAPMAN, Agriculture, Athens. J. P. CANNON, Trades and Industries, Atlanta. MISS EPSIE CAMPBELL, Home Economies, Athens.
Vocational Rehabilitation R. C. THOMPSON, Supervisor, Augusta.
MRS. L. G. REYNOLDS, Secretary.
Georgia Educational Association WILLIS A. SUTTON, President, Atlanta. KYLE T. ALFRIEND, Secretary, Forsyth.
County School Officials' Association N. H. BALLARD, Atlanta, President. M. L. DUGGAN, Atlanta, Secretary.
Colleges and Normal Schools
The graduates of these institutions who have completed the courses prescribed by the State Board receive the Provisional Certificates
AGNES SCOTT COLLEGE-- President, J. E. McCain Professor of Education, S. G. Stukes
Decatur Decatur
ANDREW FEMALE COLLEGE-- President, P. G. Branch Professor of Education, J. L. Strozier
BESSIE TIFT COLLEGE--
Cuthbert Cuthbert
President, Dr. Aquilla Chamlee Professor of Education, Kyle T. Alfriend BRENAU COLLEGE--
Forsyth Forsyth
President, H. J. Pearce
Gainesville
Professor of Education, Miss E. B. Mason _ _ _ .-Gainesville
EMORY UNIVERSITY--
President, Dr. H. W Cox Professor of Educatron, R. E. Wagfcr
GEORGIA SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY--
President, M. L. Brittain Professor of Education, W. J. Rountree -
E
University
Emory University
-Atlanta :_ " Atlanta
LaGRANGE FEMALE COLLEGE-- President, WE Thompson Professor of Education, Miss Stella Bradfield
MERCER UNIVERSITY--
LaGrange ___ LaGranee
President, Rufus W. Weaver Professor of Education, Peyton Jacobs ...
-Macon Macon
NORTH GEORGIA AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE--
President, M. D DuBose Professor of Education, P. D. Bush
Dahlonega _ Dahloneea
OGLETHORPE UNIVERSITY--
President, Dr Thornwell Jacobs
Oglethorpe University
Professor of Education, Dr. H. J. Gaertner --Oglethorpe University
PIEDMONT COLLEGE--
*
President, Frank E. Jenkins Professor of Education, Franklin C. Thompson _ _
Demorest Demorest
STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE-- President, Andrew M. Soule Professor of Education, J. T. Wheeler ____!
SHORTER COLLEGE--
Atl.P.w Athens Athens
President, D. J. Bloeker Professor of Education, W. D. Furry _ UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA--
E
i}nm,, -ome
President, David Crenshaw Barrow Dean of School of Education, T. J. Woofter WESLEYAN COLLEGE--
Athens Athens Atnens
President, Wm. F. Quillian
Professor of Education, Miss Lois Rogers GEORGIA STATE COLLEGE FOR WOMEN--
Macon \i',,,,,,
President, M. M. Parks STAPTrEofNesOsoRrMoAf LEdSuCcHatOioOnL, --0. A. Thaxton
__
Milledgeville
iMviiullieedaegeevviulliee
President, Jere M. Pound Professor of Education, H. B. Ritchie
Athens
-Athens
6
GEORGIA STATE WOMAN 'S COLLEGE-- President, K. H. Powell Professor of Education, J. F. Wood
Valdosta Valdosta
BOWDON STATE NORMAL AND INDUSTRIAL COLLEGE--
President, Geo. W. Camp
Bowdon
Professor of Education, Miss Louise Knudson
Bowdon
NEGRO
GEORGIA NORMAL AND AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE--
President, J. W. Ilolley
.
Professor of Education, A. F. Colcman
ATLANTA UNIVERSITY--
President, Myron W. Adams
_,
Professor of Education, George A. Towns
CLARK UNIVERSITY-- President, M. S. Davage Professor of Education, Mrs. Helen Greenwood
GEORGIA STATE INDUSTRIAL COLLEGE--
President, C. G. Wiley Professor of Education, F. R. Lampkin
MOREHOUSE COLLEGE-- President, John Hope Professor of Education, S. H. Archer
MORRIS BROWN COLLEGE-- President, John H. Lewis Professor of Education, Frederick D. White
PAINE COLLEGE-- President, R. S. Tomlin Professor of Education, Dorothea W. Jones
SPELMAN SEMINARY-- President, Lucy Hale Tapley Professor of Education, Edna E. Lamson
Albany Albany
Atlanta Atlanta
Atlanta Atlanta
Savannah Savannah
Atlanta Atlanta
Atlanta Atlanta
Augusta Augusta
Atlanta Atlanta
LAW SCHOOLS
Atlanta Law School
Emory Law School, S. C. Williams
Mercer University, W. H. Fish
University of Georgia, Sylvanus Morris
1
i Atlanta Atlanta Macon Athens
SPECIAL INSTITUTIONS
Georgia School for the Blind, G. F. Oliphant, Principal
Macon
Georgia School for the Deaf, J. C. Harris, Principal
Cave Spring
Georgia Training School for Mental Defectives, G. H. Preston,
Superintendent
Gracewood
MEDICAL COLLEGES
Atlanta Medical College (Branch of Emory University), W. S. Elkin
Georgia Medical College (Branch of State University), Wm. H.
Goodrich __
Augusta
DENTAL COLLEGES
Atlanta-Southern Dental College, S. W. Foster _. _ .. .
SCHOOLS OF PHARMACY
Atlanta College of Pharmacy, W. A. Medlock School of Pharmacy, University, R. C. Wilson Southern College of Pharmacy, R. O. Hood
Atlanta
Atlanta Athens Atlanta
GEORGIA COUNTY SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENTS
County
Name
Postoffice
Appling Atkinson Bacon Baker Baldwin Banks Barrow Bartow Ben Hill Berrien Bibb Bleckley
H. J. Parker Miss Ethel Turner J. T. Aultman C. W. Twitty P. N. Bivins J. T. Wise W. M. Holsenbeek G. C. Nelson J. H. Bullard S. J. Baker C. H. Bruce 1. A. Willis '_
Baxley Pearson
Alma Elmodel Milledgeville Baldwin Winder Cartersville Fitzgerald Nashville
Macon Cochran
Brantley Brooks Bryan Bulloch Burke Butts Calhoun
Everett Knox
W. J. Cooey
C. L. Purvis
B. R, Olliff
*
0. M. Gresham
Van Fletcher
II. T. Singleton
Nahunta Quitman Pembroke Statesboro Waynesboro Jackson
Edison
Camden Campbell Candler
Miss Edith Proctor M. D. Collins J. M. Creech, Jr.
gt Marys Pah-burn
Metter
Carroll
Catoosa
,
Charlton
Chatham
V. D. Whatley A. M. Bandy John Harris Carleton B. Gibson __
"Carrollton Riuggold Folkston Savannah
Chattahoochee
Chattooga Cherokee Clarke lay Clayton h"ch
~ Coffee
G. W. King, Jr.
W. L. Gamble Zack Collins Thos. H. Dozier E. R. King W. L. Gilbert J- - Kodgers
Bernard Autrey Melvin Tanner
Cusseta Summerville
Canton Athens
Fort Gaines
Jonesboro
Homerville Marietta _ Douglas
Colquitt Columbia Cook
Coweta
>rank G. Clark J. S. Hardin J. C. Thomas
J. Marvin Starr
Norman Park Harlem Adel
Newnan
Crawford Crisp Dade
Dawson Decatur J DeKalb Dodge Booly
Zada I). Walker J. W. Bivins S. J. Hale
Mrs. Inez 0. Hendrix Roland Bower W. M. Rainey W. C. Rozar Paul Ellison
Roberta
_'_
Cordele
Trenton
Dawsonville Bainbridge Deeat?lr Eastman Vienna
Dougherty Douglas .fcarly
S. R, deJamette G. T. McLarty Mrs. McArthur Jones
Albanv Douglasvilfe
Blakelv
S0lS, Effingham
Elbert
Emanuel
Evans
J- T- Cu]breth F. D. Seckinger Miss Mary Hansard R. E. Rountree Theodore Brewton
StateQnuvyiltloen Elberton
Swainsboro Claxton
Fannin Fayette Floyd
Forsyth Franklin __
Fulton
Gilmer Glaseock Glynn Gordon
Grady Greene Gwinnett Habersham Hall Hancock Haralson _ Harris Hart Heard Henry
Houston Irwin Jackson jaSper Jeff Davis Jefferson Jenkins Johnson Jones Lamar Lanier . . Laurens Lee Liberty Lincoln Long Lowndes Lumpkin Macon Madison _, Marion McDuffie Mclntosh Meriwether Miller Milton _. Mitchell Monroe Montgomery Morgan Murray Muscogee Newton Oconee Oglethorpe Paulding
B. J. Oantrell -
P. A. Sams
A. N. Swain
A. B. Tollison ,,
_ _E. Z. McDuffie
J- A. Wells
P. E. Pettit
J- P. Allen
B. D. Eadie
W. L. Swain
J- P- Swann
J- H. Sibley
K. E. Taylor
Martin E. Free
J- D. Underwood
C. W. Moran
W. A. Cown
W. B. Wisdom
W. B. Morris
H. I. Daniel
__Mrs. Kate Brown
W. H. Lord
Philip Newbern
T. T. Benton
Wm. D. Cornwell
George N. Yarbrough
Milton E. Little, Jr.
W". V. Lanier
Luther Lillard
TJ. S. Lancaster
T. J. Gardner
J. W. Cameron
E. L. Sumner
S. J. Powell
H. A. Bacon
T. L. Perryman
!
H. M. Hodges
F. H. Beck
J. J. Seabolt
J. P. Nelson
Boy C. David .
T. B. Eainey
B. F. Fuller
W. A. Branson
O. L. Callahan
N. L. Stapleton
I. II. Dodd
J. E. Sloan
T. D. Thurman
A. B. Ilutcheson
John Bostwick
Fred I. Davidson
J- L. Bond
E. L. Ficquett
E. M. Nicholson
Mrs. Annie Avera
C. A. Eoberts
- Blue Eidge Fayetteville Rome
__Cumming ..Ashland
Atlanta
--^M Mitchell
Brunswick Calhoun
Cairo Union Point
Dacula Clarkesville Gainesville ' Sparta
Tallapoosa Chipley
Hartwell Franklin McDonough
- Perry Ocilla
Jefferson Monticello
Hazelhurst Louisville Milieu
Wrightsvillc Gray
Barnesville Milltown Dudley Leesburg
Hinesville Lincolnton
Ludowiei *__Valdosta Dahlonega Oglethorpe Danielsville "Buena Vista
Dearing Darien
Woodbury Colquitt
Alpharetta Camilla Forsyth
Mt. Vernon Madison Eton
Columbus Covington Watkinsville Lexington
Dallas
Peach
Piekens
Pierce
Pike
Polk
Pulaski
.
Putnam
Quitman
Rabun
Randolph
Richmond
Rockdale
Scliley
Screven
Seminole
Spalding
Stephens
Stewart
Sumter _
Talbot
Tahaferro
Tattnall -
Taylor
Telfair
Terrell
Thomas--
Tift
Toombs
Towns
Treutlen
Troup
Turner
Twiggs _
Uniou -
Upson
,__.
Walker
Walton
Ware -- W&rren
Washington
Wayne
Webster
Wheeler
White
Whitfield
Wilcox
Wilkes
Wilkinson
Worth..
1 own Abbeville _ Acworth Adairsville Adel Adrian Alamo
Uapaha
Ralph Newton
G. P. Compton
___J. S. Pittman
P. L. Adams
Miss Annie L. Brumby
A. G. McKinney
W. C. Wright
II. M. Kaigler
E. C. Ramey
Walter McMichael
Lawton B. Evans
Miss Violet Tucker __._
,1. L. Duncan
II. J. Arnett
Otho Benton _.
J. p. Manley
W. J. Andrews
W. T. Halliday
E.T.Moore
.J. L. Taylor
J
W. R. Moore
J. O. Bacon .
W. T. Rustin
G. P. Planders ___*
J. C. Dukes
__C. PI. Rice
A. J. Ammons
J. B. Parten
R. T .Coleman
R. E. Ward
T. G. Polhill
Miss Nina Cox
7:. 8. Fitzpatrick
~J. W. Twiggs
John A. Thurston
R. D. Love
0. E. Grizzle ..
R. . Cavender . .. _
M. J. Bruce _.
__D. W. Harrison
B. D. Purcell ..
Cleveland Rees
R. A. Eakes
C. H. Edwards
Miss Phoebe Broadrick
W. A. Stone
__S. B. Savage
.. J. T. Dupree -.
W. R. Simmer
SUPERINTENDENTS
Name L. M. Wilson L. D. Singleton Carey G. Metis D. P. Bruton
A. B. Coggins T. A. Stanton W. A. Wheeler
Town
Albany __ Alma
Alpharetta Americus Arabi Arlington Ashburn
10
Fort Valley Jasper
Blackshear Zebulon
^Cedartown Hawkinsville
Eatonton Georgetown
Clayton Cuthbert -Augusta Conyers Ellaville Sylvania Ponalsonvilie
Griffin Toccoa pumpkin Andcrsonville Talbotton Sharon Reidsville Butler Scotland Dawson
Thomasville Tifton. Lyons
Young Harris Soporton LaGrange Ashburn
Fitzpatrick Choestoe
Thomaston LaEayette
Monroe
Millwood Norwood
Sandersville jesUp
Preston ___Alamo Cleveland
Dalton Pitts
Washington __ Melntyre
.-Sylvester
Name - R. E. Brooks J. C. Planigan
IT. C. Cook J. E. Ma this S. G. Compton
D. H. Wood Geo. S. Roach
Atoo Athens Atlanta Augusta Austell
Miss Lila Gilbert
G. G. Bond
--Willis A. Sutton
Lawton B. Evans
G. F. Pettit
Baconton Bainbridgo
B. E. Flowers E. G. Elcan
Ball Ground
W. F. Harvey
Barnesville
L. D. Watson
Bartow
C. E. Anthony
Barwiek
Juliair J. Sizemore
Baxley
.B. E. Townsend
Blacksliear E. D. Wlusonaut
Blakely
E. E. McCarty, Jr.
Blue Bidge
L. Clinton Cutts
Boston
A. C. Fraseur
Bowdon
,T. W. Cook
Bowman Miss Del Rey Adams
Bremen
S. M. Hearn
Brinson
M. P. Connelly
Brooklet
E. T. Denmark
Broxton
1. S. Flanagan
Brunswick
B. D. Eadie
Buchanan
J. G. Sims
Buckhead Ralph W. Murphy
Buena Vista, F. Ervine Hankinson
Buford
W. N. Nunn
Butler
M. V. Braddy
Byromville
G. ,T. Gearin
Cairo
S. C. Haddock
Calhoun
M. C. Allen
Camilla
Eugene Attawav
Canon
W. O. McConneli,
Canton
J. P. Cash
Carnesville
R. H. Moss
Carrollton
Knox Walker
Cartersville
W. E. Dendy
Cave Spring
O. A. Strange
Cedartown
J. E. Purks
Chatsworth
W. H. Padgett
Chicamauga M. M. Patterson
Chipley Charles E. Lawrence
Clarksville
J. M. Lanicr
Claxton
H. J. W. ICizer
Clayton
W. G. Coffee
Cleveland
A. T. Willson
Cochran
II. S. Burdette
Colbert
Hope P. Davis
College Park
T. A. Clowor
Collins
E. Bcnton
Colquitt
W. Homer Drake
Columbus
Roland B. Daniel
Comer
0. G. Lancaster
Commerce
W. H. Martin
Conyers
R. H. Foy
Coolidge
D. Foster
Cordele
D. H. Standard
Cornelia -
X. V. Dyer
Covington Alfred W. Baldwin
Crawford __ -Mrs. Phil W. Davis
Crawfordville - __. J. D. Nash
Gumming
C. II. King
Cuthbert
R. G. Hall
Dahlonega
C. Shultz
Dallas _'
W. C. Sams
Dalton
Jno. T. Duncan
Danielsville
II. J. Shoup
Davisboro
C. S. Adams
Dawson
W. E. Monts
Decatur
G. W. Glausier
Dawsonville -A. W. Vandiviere
Demorest
Gordon L. Oir
Doorun
__B. D. Finch
Donalsonville
__W. T. Burt
Douglas
J. T. Henry
Douglasville
John G. Holt
Dublin
H. B. Carreker
Duluth
Marvin A. Allison
East Lake -Miss Eva Richardson
Eastman
_. Guy II. Wells
East Point James T. McGee
Eatonton
.___.F. L. Graham
Edison
B. Rumble
Elborton
B. M. Grier
Kllavilfe
II. II. Hargrove
Ellijay
R. II. Panter
Empire
R. H. Bellinger
Fairburn
E. W. Martin
Fayetteville
C. W. rcacock
Fitzgerald
Ulric J. Bennett
Folkston
John Harris
Forsyth __.
J. H. Riser
Fort Gaines
W. J. Chisholm
Fort Valley
J. F. Lambert
Franklin
M. E. Howell
Gainesville
W. P. Martin
Georgetown .._ . -_ H. C. Swindell
Glennville
F. W. Elarbee
Gordon
H. R. Bowles
Grantville
Young Evans
Gray
Merritt B. Pound
Graymont
Ernest Anderson
Greensboro
- .- C. C. Wills
Greenville
J. A. Pendergrast
Griffin
L. M. Lester
Guyton
- J. W. Jones
llahira
H. L. Lawson
Hamilton
L. C. Wright
Hampton
D. W. Windsor
Harlem
W. F. Tribble
Hartwell
J. I. Allman
Hawkinsville
M. W. Harris
Hazlehurst
Geo. W. Hulme
Helena
C. W. Stout
11
Elepzibah
W. G. Bobertson
Hiawassee
_. II. E. Nelson
llinesville .__ A. G. Overman
Hiram
__Wilber Colvin
Hogansville
H. R. MeLarty
Homer
C. N. Ray
Homerville
C. M. Williams
Irwinton
C. A, Sheaty
Jackson
Raymond I. Knox
Jasper
W. W. Carter
Jefferson
W. T. Poster
Jcffersonvillc
C. E. Bryson
Jesup
' 0. G. Kibler
Jonesboro
W. M. Parker
Kennesaw
J. W. Gilbert
Kingston ._
R. P. Jolly
LaPayette - P. Talmadge Cooper
LaGrange
P. F. Rowe
Lavonia
Lamar Perguson
Lawrenceville
. C. O. Stubbs
Leesburg _
W. D. Reid
Lexington _
W. A. Haley
Lincolnton
Chas. V. Parham
Lindale, Miss Madeline J. S. Wyly
Lithonia ._. . D. V. Spencer
Locust Grove
W. A. H. Plynt
Lognnsville ____ - J. R. Garrett
Louisville
James H. Park
Ludowici
Gordon Crawford
Lumber City __.N. A. Nercer
Lumpkin .
J. W. Adams
Lyons
__ G. E. Usher
McCaysville . Mrs. C. S. Allen
McDonough ___
R. 0. Powell
McRae ___
.___C. W. Stout
Macon
.. C. H. Bruce
Madison
J. H. Purks
Manchester . Chas. R. Brown
Mansfield
E. N. Reynolds
Marietta _ ._.
C. A. Keith
Marshallville
E. A. Wight
Maysville
T. C. Llewellyn
Menlo
W. P. Aiken
Metter
T. M. Purcell
Midville
A. W. Strozier
Milan
.._ O. A. Grant
Milledgeville
E. T. Holmes
Millen
P. A. Brinson
Milltown
--J. A. Hancock
Monroe
C. W. Reid
Montezuma
V. E. Queener
Monticello
--E. H. Harris
Morgan ,,
M. W. Branch
Moultrie
J. L. Yaden
Nashville
Jas. C. Moore
Nelson
Clyde M. Carpenter
New Holland
Miss [Catherine Dozier
Newnan ____. ._ B. p. Piekett
Nieholls
E. M. Thompson
Norcross
W. II. Maxwell
Norman Park . . L..H. Browning
Ocilla
E.'V. Whelchel
Palmetto
. H. B. Highsmith
Parrott
J. W. Richardson
Pearson
Dr. Joe Corbitt
Pelham
T. H. Wilkinson
Pembroke
E. N. Smith
Perry
J. M. Gooden
Pinehurst
W. B. Cornelius
Plains
E. L. Bridges
Porterdale -.Mrs. Pearl B. Taylor
Poulan
Alvin C. Arrington
Preston, Miss Annie Lucy Vaughn
Quitman
II. D. Knowles
Ray City
Sankey Booth
Reidsville
Thos. B. Conner
Reynolds
E. N. Joiner
Richland
J. C. Dixon
Ringgold
G. C. Austin
Roberta
J. P. Dickey
Roehelle
A. H. Stephens
Rockmart
T. E. Ford
Rome
B. P. Quigg
Rossville
G. M. Putch
Roswell
C. G. Power
Royston
H. K. Adams
Rutledgc
W. C. Ivey
Saint Marys
D. A. Miller
Sale City
0. L. Johnson
Sandersviile
W. Fred Gunn
Savannah
C. B. Gibson
Senoia
E. C. Dillard
Smithville
W. S. Banks
Smyrna
G. P. Pettit
Social Circle
W. T. Knox
Soperton
Alex. Carswell
Sparta
W. R. Lanier
Springfield
J. C. Langston
Wtatesboro
R. M. Monts
Statham
Willis M. Avera
Stillmore
B. H. Johnson
Stone Mountain W. M. Pettis
Summerville
V. P. Folds
Summit Swainsboro
Ernest Anderson J. A. Lowry
Sycamore
C. D. Champion
Sylvania
W. B. Lovett
Sylvester
C. U. Leach
Talbotton
Thos. J. Barrett
Tallapoosa
A. L. Brewer
Tale
R. W. Ransom
Tennille
A. F. Ware
Thomaston
Mark A. Smith
Thomasville B. B. Broughton
Thomson
E. D. Gunby
12
Tifton Tignall Toceoa Trion' Unadilla Union City Union Point Valdosta Vidalia Vienna Villa Rica Wadloy . Warreuton
J. C. Sinuous S. B. Savage
A. M. Stephens Clias. E. Bell J. W. Smith
J. W. Blaekwoll C. L. Carter
A. G. Cleveland W. L. Downs J. H. Jenkins G. II. Coleman R. P. Ford M. II. Dillard
Washington .. M. 0. McCord
Watkinsville
('. C. Chalker
Waycross
A. G. Miller
Waynesboro .. T. Jack Lance
West Point __ Walter P. Thomas
Whigham __ Gaither A. Briggs
"Winder
-Walter W. Stancil
Winterville _
T. N. Gaines
Woodbury __
II. R. Adams
Wrens
- C. C. McCollum
Wrightsville
Elmer Anthony
Zcbulon ,,_ . . A. J. Hargrove
13
COUNTY BOARDS OF EDUCATION
Appling
W. J. Branch, Chmn. Baxley, B. 3
E. T. Kennedy J. A. Tuten 1). D. Deen
Baxley Bristol, B. 1 Baxley, B. 4
Atkinson
H. H. Fielding, Chmn. -Kirkland
W. B. Morris, Sr. J. A. Hodges A. F. Wilson
Kirkland Pearson Axson
Bacon
W. M. Carter, Chmn. Bockingliam
G. L. Miller A. M. Stewart T. F. Johnson S. W. Scott
Coffee Alma Alma Nieholls
Baker
A. N. McLeod, Chmn. Newton
J. M. Morgan
Elmodel
W. R. Morris
Milford
B. G. Sikes __ -Damascus, B.F.D.
S. W. Cross --Colquitt, B.F.D.
Baldwin
J. B. Norment, Chmn. Milledgeville, B. 2
J. L. Beeson . . Milledgeville
R. H. Harper
Meriwether
W. A. Cook -Milledgeville, B. 2
R. G. Hooten .-Milledgeville, E. 2
Banks
Fred Bucker, Chmn.
Homer
John Lord C. W. Meaders Gresham Duekett Robert L. Scales
-Commerce Gillsville Alto Belton
Barrow
R. W. Haynle, Chnin. Winder, R. F. D.
L. W. Leslie
Bethlehem
L. M. Arnold
Statham
Geo. M. Poole
Auburn
T. E. Deaton --Hoschton, B. F. D.
Bartow
1). II. Monroe, Chmn. Emerson
W. D. Trippe
Taylorsville
Willis M. Boyd W. B. Quillian J. W. Schweizer
Adairsville Cass Station
Fairmount
Ben Hill
Win. Williams, Chmn. -Fitzgerald
W. H. Eobitzseh
Fitzgerald
R. R. Dorminy
Forest Glen
S. S. Young, Sr. __ --Rochelle
Berrien
D. J. Gaskins, Chmn. -Bay City
A. L. Akins J. II. Swindle 0. B. Harris George P. Griffin
Nashville Ray City
Enigma Nashville
Bibb
A. L. Miller, Chmn. T. D. Tinsley W. T. Morgan Jos. N. Ncel W.,T. Anderson Jno. T. Moore J. E. Hall Lee M. Happ M. Felton Hatcher W. T. Johnson J. B. Riley A. R. Willingham C. M. Wiley Luther Williams Mnlcolm D. Jones
Macon Macon Macon Macon Macon Macon Macon Macon Macon Macon Macon Macon Macon Macon Macon
Bleckley
J. T. Holland, Chmn., Cochran, B. 3
J. J. Home J. W. Simons G. H. Wade, Sr. W. G. English
Cochran, E. 4 Cochran, E. 5 Cochran, E 1 Dudley, E. 2
Brantley
J. C. Strickland Geo. P. Warren
E. 1\ Jacobs W. T. Henderson
Hortense Iloboken
Hickox Hoboken
Brooks
E. A. Lawson, Chmn. Morven
J. D. Ward
Dixie
W. II. Patrick Quitman, E. 1
C. G. Denmark __. Quitman, E. 1
D L. B. Jones
Pavo
14
Bryan
T. T. Osteen, Chnin.
\V. E. Fendley P. I. Rimes H. D. Banks ('. C. Morgan
Pembroke
Pembroke Lanier Clyde
Pembroke
Bulloch
Clifford Miller, Climn. Portal
Fred W. Hodges M. J. McElveen C. E. Stapleton Jno. R. Godbee
Oliver Brooklet Groveland Register
Burke
W. M. Fulcher, Climn. Waynesboro
W. R. Lowe
Midvillo
.1. W. Cook
.. Keysville
\V. C. McCarvcr ..
.._Vidette
G.'W. Graham
Sardis
Butts
W. P. Huddeston, Climn. -Griffin
J. B. Cliilds
Jenkinsburg
W. H. Hammond
Jaekson
J. E. McMichael
Jackson
R. W. Watkins -.Indian Springs
Calhoun
J. E. Toole, Climn. Arlington
C. W. Cheney
Morgan
L. C. Manry
Edison
Charles Austin
Leary
G. C. Wimberly __Dawson, R.P.D.
Camden
A. K. Swift, Chmn. _ Woodbine
J. D. Odham D. G. Caldwell A. J. Liles H. B. Readdick
Waverly Kingsland White Oak Woodbine
Campbell
L. M. Westbrook, Chmn. Pairburn
R. D. Tatum G. A. Keith Walter Cowart E. W. Lewis
^--Palmetto Palmetto
Union City Red Oak
Candler
T. H. Kirkland, Chmn. __Metter
J. I. Dekle J. H. Glisson H. L. Carter I. E. Everett
Stillmore, R. 2 Cobbtown, R. 1
Metter, R. 1 Register, R. 1
Carroll
.1. W. Barrow, Chmn. Bowdon
T. W. Camp -_ .1. F. Brooks W. T. Morris \V. IT. Brick
Whitesburg Temple
Mount Ziou Roopville
Catoosa
E, C Trundle - Ringgold, R. 2
T. L. Brotherton Ringgold, R. 1 .1. B. Taylor ._ Ringgold, R. 4 .1. II. Dickson .__ Rossville, R. 2
Charlton
T. W. Wrench, Chmn. -Folkston
W. R. Keene
Folkston
John A. Prescott
Winokur
N. J. Norman
St. George
P.. B. Gowen
Folkston, R. 1
Chatham
Lee Roy Myers, Chairman
Savannah, 17 West Bay
M. A. O'Byrne Savannah, Amer. Bk. Tr. Bldg.
Dr. Herman W. Hesse Savannah, 112 East Jones
Patrick Branson Savannah, 112 West Bay
Dr. Walter S. Wilson Savannah, 221 East Jones
Charles Ellis Savannah, 124 East Bay
Frank G. Bell Savannah Morning News
W. G. Sutlive ' Savannah, Savannah Press
John Cabell Savannah, 120 East Bay
Mrs. T. P. Waring Savannah, 10 West Taylor
Elliott W. Parrish Savannah, care 11. Traubs Sons, 55 West Broad St.
Rev. John S. Wilder
t
Savannah, 211 West 32d
Chattahoochee
E. M. Lightner, Chmn. -Cusseta
C. K. Redd
Cusseta
W. P. Dillard
Cusseta
C. C. Grissom
Cusseta
J. D. McCardel __. Box Springs
15
Chattooga
J. L. Pollock, Chmn.
Lyerly
O. A. Hempliill _ J. B. Lewis G. D. Morton G. D. Espy
Teloga Trion Gore
Summerville
Cherokee
N. J. Coker, Chmn.
Canton
W. A. Bearden L. A. Dean J. W. Hasty T. W. West
Waleska Woodstock
Canton Ball Ground
Clarke
Rev. W. M. Coile, Chmn. Winterville
W. P. Brooks R. P. White __. L. P. Crawford T. W. Morton
- -Athens Whitehall
Athens Athens
Clay
W. C. Kelly, Chmn _Ft. Gaines
Jno. II. Ingram B. D. Crozier C. H. Sanders B. F. Grinsley
Coleman Coleman Coleman Ft. Gaines
Clayton
J. Walter Estes, Chmn.
Bex
W. L. Adams O. J. Coogler C. E. Fortson W. J. Nolan
Riverdale Jonesboro
Lovejoy Morrow
Clinch
S. C. Patterson, Chmn. Argyle
L. II. Lockliear J. J. Langdale If. II. Guess C. A. Hodges
Homerville Council
Homerville Cogdell
Cobb
J. A. Westbrooko, Chmn. Powder Springs
J. P. McClure C. M. Bishop .T. D. Com Dave Brown
Acworth Marietta,
Smyrna Blackwell
Coffee
II. M. Meeks, Chmn.
W. II. Viekers W. M. Harden
Nicholls
Douglas Douglas
Arthur Viekers Isaac Corbitt
Ambrose Ambrose
Colquitt
J. A. Williams, Chmn. Doerun, B.l
J. A. Summerlin W. P. Sloan J. T. Norman W. M. Turner
Hartsfield Funston
Norman Park Coolidge
Columbia
W. II. Howell, Chmn. _. Appling
J. E. Eubanks ___Appling, E.F.D.
Edward Smith --Appling, B.F.D.
\V. C. Clary
Harlem
D. F. Paysinger
Evans
Cook
E. M. Mathis, Chmn.
F. N. Bray Bryant Gaskins M. T. Griffin
Adel
Cecil Sparks Sparks
Coweta
T. C. McKay
Newnan, R. 1
T. B. Sanders J. A. Daniel -- P. T. Meaeham
,T. M. Johnson
Newnan, E. 3 Turin
Grantville
Moreland
Crawford
R. E. McGee
Knoxville
W A. White
Musella
R." T. Hancock --_Lizella R. F. D.
C. B. Causey
Lizella, E.F.D.
Milton Reed
__ .Gaillard
Crisp
J. B. Adkins .
Vienna, R. 5
W. II. Stephens __. Cordele, R. C.
J. F. Moreland --Cordele, R. D.
A. J. Noble
Cordele, R. B.
J. S. Cown
Cordele, R. C.
Dade
Walter L. Simpson, Chmn. Trenton
J. M. Wallen W. H. Dugan W. I. Price A. A. McMahan
Wildwood Wildwood
Trenton Rising Fawn
Dawson
G. R. Vaughters, Chmn. Dawsonville
G. O. Hughes I. P. Cox J. H. Robertson J. M. C. Voyles
Dougherty Dougherty Gainesville Ball Ground
Decatur
H. H. Smallwood, Chmn. Amsterdam
C. E. Glisson
Paeeville
A. Y. Jones
Brinson
C. M. Trulock
Climax
J. W. Donalson
Bainbridge, R.F.D.
DeKalb
A. N. Tilly, Chmn.
Conley
M. D. Powell W. D. Maddox B. T. Sheffield C. L. Allgood
Lithonia, E. 3 Stone Mountain
Chamblee Scottdale
Dodge
P. M. Burch, Chmn.
Chester
F. T. Parkerson W. D. McLarin J. J. Cadwell H. E. Hill
Eastman, B. 4 Milan, R. 2 Chauncey
Empire, R. 2
Dooly
W. "V. Harvard
A. B. Tippett J. A. Lilly J. A. Whitehead R. H. Pate
Vienna
Vienna, R.P.D. Lilly
Pinehurst Unadilla
Dougherty
H. T. Mclntosh, Chm.
P. J. Brown E. R. West W. M. Wilder W. P. Fleming
Albany
Albany Albany Albany Albany
Douglas
Pat. H. Winn, Chmn. Lithia Springs
Howard Gore J. P. Dodson P. A. Milam W. K. Burnett
Lithia Springs Douglasville Douglasville Winston
Early
H. C. Haddock, Chmn. -Damascus
W. T. Clearman G. L. Ivey O. B. Hudspeth
Jakin Blakely Blakely
Echols
W. H. Herrin, Chmn.
Howell
T. D. Herndon M. V. Clayton L. H. Stalvey John Rewis
Tarver Lakepark Statenville
Haylow
Effingham
B. K. Shearouse, Chmn. Rincon
C. C. Brinson E. B. Mingledorff R. B. Dasher F. A. Hineley
Egypt Springfield
Guyton Marlow
Elbert
F. B. Fortson, Chairman Elberton, R. 1
L. M. Brown Dewy Rose, R.P.D.
G. L. Seymour
Bowman
H. B. Payne
Elberton
S. G. Booth ___Dewy Rose, R.F.D.
Emanuel
S. G. Williams, Chmn. Swainsboro
Joe A. Durden
Graymont
W. L. Coleman -Stevens Crossing
J. R. Warren
Stillmore
A. B. Flanders Swainsboro, R. 3
Evans
C. S. Grice, Chmn.
Claxton
J. M. Roach C. B. Smith M. J. Anderson W. E. Callaway
Daisy Hagan, R. 1 Register, R.F.D. Manassas, R. 2
Fannin
E. C. Garland, Chmn.
Dial
John E. Cook J. C. Edwards W. I. McVey W. S. Payne
Hemp Morganton Blue Ridge, R. 1 Pierceville
Fayette
R. P. Minter, Chmn. Woolsey
B. D. Murphy W. T. Busbin A. C. Tarpley Chas. Thornton
Fayetteville Fayetteville Fayetteville
Kenwood
Floyd
L. A. Dean, Chmn.
Rome
Tom Salmon J. E. Smith Homer Davis J. S. Davis
Armuchee Silver Creek Rome, R. 2 Cave Spring
17
Forsyth
S. P. Pruitt, Chmn. Cumming, R. 8
J. M. Boling ___ Cumming, R. 3
A. C. Kennemore
Cumming
W. T. Smith __-Gainesville, R. 1 R. H. Thompson -Cumming R. 5
Franklin
B. T. Smith, Chmn. __ -Garnesville
C. A. Bryant J. N. Isbell
Royston Eastonollee
J. E. Thomas --Lavonia, R. F.D.
J. H. Parks
Ashland
Fulton
Joseph W. Humphries, Chmn.
Healey Bldg., Atlanta
Arthur Wrigley
Poplar St., Atlanta
E. Rivers
Palmer Building, Atlanta
Sam L. Adams
Bolton
W. E. Taliaferro
Jonesboro Road, Atlanta
Gilmer
N. L. Tankersley, Chmn. -Ellijay
W. H. Waddell
Protection
J. B. Dover
Ellijay, R. 2
R. L. Ayers
Ellijay, R. 4
B. H. Burnett -Talking Roek, R. 2
Glascock
Jag. N. Todd, Chmn. --Mitchell
E. E. Griffin S. N. Braddy
Gibson Gibson
H. T. Raley
Gibson
J. A. Sturgis --Warrenton, R. 2
Glynn
A. V. Wood, Chmn.
Brunswick, 1700 Gloucester St.
J. T. Colson
Brunswick, Albany St.
W. M. Oates
Brunswick, Prince St.
Mrs. G. V. Cate
Brunswick, Norwich St.
J. K. Cornelius
Brunswick
Alex Livingston D. Watson Winn
Brookman St. Simon
J. IT. E. Dimon Everett City
Gordon
J. G. B. Erwin
Calhoun
W. H. McEntire -Calhoun, R. 1
L. P. Henley
Plainville
E. T. Roberts
Calhoun, R. 3
A. T. Wofford
Ranger
Grady
J. B. Wight, Chmn.
Cairo
E. A. Maxwell T. M. Chastain W. R. Miller T. J. Mills
Calvary Cairo, R. F.D. Cairo, R.F.D.
Whigham
Greene
R. R. Treadwell, Chmn.
Greshamville
C. G. Moody
Woodville
S. P. Turner -White Plains, R. 3
L. M. Jernigan
White Pains
E. G. Penniugton Greensboro
Gwinnett
H. B. Harmon, Chmn. ___Lilburn
J. W. Ford J. T. Jones F. M. Moore E. C. Hays
Grayson Buford, R. 2
Luxomni Buford, R.F.D.
Habersham
J. J. Martin, Chairman _--Alto
J. P. Inglis J. A. Fry J. H. Kimsey W. C. Mize
Clarkesville, R. 2 Clarkesville, R. 2
Demorest Corm-li:!
Hall
U L. Bennett, Chmn. --Oakwood
Julius M. Hulsey, Gainesville, R.5
V. H. West Gainesville, R. 4
W. J. Grier
Clermont, R. 1
H. L. Ellis
Murrayville
Hancock
C. W. Coleman, Chmn.
W. B. Harrison B. A. Waller 'I. F. Reynolds I. M. Barksdale
Devereux
Linton Sparta Mayfield Mayfield
Haralson
M. Bullard, Chmn.
W. F. Hogue L. T. Long I.. P. Allen A. A. Walton
---Buchanan
Draketown Bremen
Tallapoosa Tallapoosa
Harris
.1. W. Thompson, Clmin. -Cataula
D. .7. Binns J. E. Ellison J. B. Munn H. (.'. Kimbrough
Fortson ._. Ellerslie
Hamilton Chipley
Hart
R. H. Martin, Chmn. -. Hartwcll
S. M. Richardson J. l. Johnson T. B. Whitworth __ Amos Floyd
Hartwell Hartwell ___Lavonia
Canon
Heard
J. S. Jackson, Chmn. Hogansville
O. A. Moore T.-E. Owensby R. A. Combs Niek Tompkins
Texas Franklin
Frolona Franklin, R. 2
Henry
W. D. Tarpley, Chmn. McDonough S. ('. McWilliams __.Stockbridge Lee Patterson McDonough, R.F.D. G. G. LeGuiim --Locust Grove
Houston
J. D. Fagan, Chmn. --Ft. Valley
Geo. T. Hunt W. H. Talton Paul Hodge J. H. Allen
Kathleen Bonaire Elko
Ft. Valley
Irwin
J. E. Jones, Chmn.
Mystic
W. Y. Harper A. Harper J. M. Graham J. B. Tucker
Wray, R.F.D. Wray Arp Ocilla
Jackson
W. H. Maloy, Chmn. L. W. Eberhardt R. N. Massey L. F. Sell A. J. Murphy
Jefferson
Maysville Nicholson Hoschton
Talmo
Jasper
E. T. Malone, Chmn. -Monticello
J. H. Young
Machen
W, C. Cornwell --Monticello, R. 3
\X. G. Kelly
Monticello, R. 2
Eugene Middlebrooks -..Hillsboro
Jeff Davis
I. L. Cook, Chairman Hazelhurst, R. 2
Dan Kirkland
Denton
Clarence Walker
Denton
Jno. F. Herrington
Hazlehurst, R. A
Gideon Yawn
Graham
Jefferson
Jno. R. Phillips, Chmn. Louisville
T. C. Jordan E. J. Smith James King Henry Farmer
Bartow Wadley
Wrens Stellaville
Jenkins
H. Q. Bell, Chmn.
Millcn
Ben Franklin Millen, R.F.D.
B. L. Gay D. M. Lewis S. P. Rhodes
Millen, R.F.D. Butts
Hillton.ia
Johnson
J. W. Brinson, Chmn. Wrightsvillc
N. F. Bray JWrightsviUe, R.F.D.
W. L. Mixon Wrightsvillc, R.F.D.
T. A. Powell Bartow, R.F.D.
G. E. Youmans
Adrian
Jones
W. H. Henderson, Chmn. Round Oak
11. P. Emerson M. J. Wood J. A. Middlebrooks D. V. Childs
Macon, R. 5 James
Haddock Gray
Lamar
John G. Bush, Chmn. Goggansville
T. Jf. Hunt -- -- - Milner
G. W. Moore
Barnesville
T. G. Dumas ^-Barnesville, R.F.D.
J. M. Sims
Griffin, R. B
Lanier
S. I. Watson, Chmn.
L. L. Patten J. L. Pafford A. H. Timmerman P. N. Monk
Milltown
Stockton Stockton Stockton
Naylor
Laurens
Jas. L. Keen, Chmn. Scott, R. 1
M. M. Hobbs
Dublin, R. 4
19
W. M. Herndon Dublin, E. 3
L. O. Beacham, Jr. Rockledge, E.l
J. W. Alligood
Rentz, R. 1
Lee
W. H. Lunsford, Chmn. Smithville
0. W. Statham J. R. Long J. W. Pye J. I. Kaylor
Leesburg Leesburg Leesburg, R.F.D. Desota, R.FJD.
Liberty
W. A. Jones, Chmn. Dorchester
J. G. Ryon
Hinesville
E. L. -Crowley
Fleming
H. F. Long Ludowici, R.F.D.
J. H. McGahee, Groveland, R.F.D.
Lincoln
T. M. Bentley, Chm.
Amity
E. E. Brown Lincolnton, R. 1 Benj. Fortson __. Lincolnton, R. 4 R. W. Bentley --Lincolnton, R. 6 J. S. Norman Lincolnton, R. 1
Long
J. E. Parker, Chairman Ludowici, R.F.D.
C. L. Middleton, Ludowici, R.F.D.
W. A. Smiley -- Glennville, R.F.D.
E. B. Rimes
Ludowici
C. A. Nobles --Ludowici, R.F.D.
Lowndes
W. W. Webb, Chmn.
Hahira
E. P. Quillian J. P. Prescott M. M. Blanton
Clyattville Lake Park
Naylor
Lumpkin
W. T. Dowdy, Chmn.
Dahlonega, R. 5
D. W. Caldwell -Dahlonega, R. 1
C. D. Pierce --_Murrayville, R. 1
R. J. Hutcheson
Burtsboro
H. F. Parks
Dahlonega, R. 3
Macon
C. L. Gardner, Chmn -Oglethorpe
S. C. Rumph J. E. Hays A. M. Parks
Marshallville Montezuma Ideal
Madison
J. N. Griffetli, Chmn., Danielsville
H. C. Paul II. II. Hart
Comer Colbert
S. W. Fitts A. S. Westbrook
Danielsville Ha
Marion
E. E. Edge, Chmn.
Buena Vista, R. 2
R. A. Crawford J. G. Lowe
Buena Vista Buena Vista
J. L. Morris
Tazewell
G. W. Posey
Juniper
McDuffie
S. C. Hawes, Chairman
Thomson, R. 2
E. H. Burnside C. E. Loky
Thomson Thomson
J. M. Harrison Artie W. McGahee
Thomson Dearing
Mclntosh
James K. Clarke, Jr., Chmn.
Darien
A. G. Shields T. C. Davis E. M. Atwood B. J. Sutton
Jones Townsend
Cresent Ridgeville
Meriwether
J. F. Hatchett, Chmn. -Greenville
Jas. S. Peters C. C. York, Jr. J. Cal Harmon
Manchester Luthersville
Stovall
Miller
James Cook, Chmn.
Colquitt
L. E. Calhoun B. B. Grimes T. M. Bowen G. P. Shingler
Colquitt Colquitt L Blakely Donaldsonville
Milton
C. N. Paris, Chairman
Alpharetta, R. 5
C. E. Maddox
Alpharetta
J. J. Rucker --.Alpharetta, R. 3
W. P. Adair
Alpharetta
W. T. Young
Alpharetta
Mitchell
T. J. Glausier, Chmn. -Baconton
J. P. McRee W. B. Lewis J. B. Akridge R. L. King
Camilla Camilla Sale City Pelham
Monroe
W. A. Rosser, Chmn. Bolingbroke
S. D. Driskell
Juliette
20
J. H. Clark W. F. Coleman T. G. Scott
Forsyth Forsyth, E.F.D. Forsyth, R.F.D.
__ Montgomery
T. A. Peterson R. L. O'Neal
S. J. Clark Joe Hilton J. M. Philips, Jr.
Ailey
..
Uvalda
Vidalia, R. 2
Vidalia, R. 1
Tarrytown
Morgan
L. C. Swords, Chmn. Swords
C. P. Crew
Madison, R.F.D.
W. M. Fambrough
Bostwiek
J. H. Troutt Madison, R.F.D.
M. L. Wallace
Rutledge
Murray
W. L. Henry, Chmn. Crandall
D. E. Humphreys --i--Ramhurst
J. J. Lefurgey
Eton
J. E. Bradford
Spring Place
C. P. Brindle Spring Place, R.F.D.
Muscogee
A. I. Jenkins, Chmn. --Midland
R. L.'Massey Columbus, R. 3
J. C. Moon
Midland
F. L. Jenkins
Columbus
C. L. Schomburg
Columbus
Newton
H. H. Stone, Chmn.
W. G. Benton M. C. Davis Chester C. King J. T. Pitts
Oxford
Starrsville Covington Covington
Newborn
Oconee
D. W. Elder, Chairman
Watkinsville, R. 2
B. R. McRee
Watkinsville
J. F. Hewell
Bogart
T. W. Williams __. Bishop, R.F.D.
E. H. Kenimer
Bishop
Oglethorpe
W. Z. Faust, ST., Chairman Lexington
A. J. Gillen
Maxeys
J. C. Mathews
Carlton
W. T. Burt
Point Peter
J. D. Power
Comer
Paulding
C. N. Anderson, Chmn. -- Dallas
B. J. Prewett S. P. Rose W. H. Turner W. A. Holland
Dallas, R. 2 Draketown, R. 1
Hiram Dallas, R. 7
Pickens
G. W. Hamrick, Chmn. --Ludville
Joe C. Simmons A. R. Lambert J. J. Seay W. G. Wheeler
Talking Rock Jasper, R. 2
Tate, R. 2 Jasper, R. 2
Pierce
A. C. Sweat J. O. Waters J. E. Strickland L. J. Walker R. L. Dixon
Alma Blackshear
Mershon Blackshear
Patterson
Pike
J. C. Beauchamp C. R. Gwyn H. G. Langford W. J. Reeves J. C. Wilkes
Williamson Zebulon
Meansville Zebulon Molena
Polk
J. T. Hunt, Chmn. --Cedartown
B. F. Weaver __. Cedartown, R. 3 W. K. Russell -.Cedartown, R. 6 J. C. Sproul -- Rockmart, R.F.D. A. H. McBride -- Aragon, R.F.D.
Pulaski
D. L. Ragan, Chmn. Hawkinsville
J. T. Woods
Finleyson
E. G. Fleming
Hawkinsville
F. L. Robertson --.Eastman, R. 1
G. A. Nelson
Finleyson
Putnam
W. M. Marshall, Chairman
Eatonton, R. 4
W. E. Rainey
Willard
D. L. Wooten __. Eatonton, R. 3
W. J. Beall -- -- Eatonton, R. 3
J. H. Rosser
Eatonton, R. 5
Quitman
W. G. Hogan, Chmn. -Georgetown
W. C. Wood
Georgetown
J. H. Wilson
Morris Station
W. C. Beauchamp .Morris Station
M. A. Perkins
Springvale
21
Rabun
J. C. Dover, Chmri .
Clayton
G W. Grist -__Eabun Gap, E. 1
J. H. Powell
-Clayton, E. 1
A Whitmire Mountain Best, S. C.
Jeff Ramey
Clayton, E. 1
Randolph
W . V T. Billion, Chm n. Benevolence
II () . Crittenden .
Shellman
E G Hammock
Coleman
B \\ . Eish
Coleman
F D. Patterson
Cuthbert
Richmond
M 8. Peter B. Wrj ght, Climn.
Augusta
T. E. Oertel
Augusta
Thomas H. Sherman Augusta
Mrs. Wilhs C. Holt Augusta
Mrs. B. E. Lester C. T Pund J. L. Etheridge
Augusta Augusta Augusta
William Martin M rs. J. F. Sturman
. Augusta Augusta
Grover C. Maxwell I. M Fleming Geo. M. Woodbury J. N. Eobinson
w . i; . Johnston a. E. McGowen
Augusta Augusta Augusta Augusta Augusta Augusta
J. G Belding
Augusta
Mrs. B. W. Barrow
Augusta
A. Dwight Deas
Augusta
Mrs. A. H. Brenner ___ Augusta
u. W 0 Kellog
D. Anderson T. L. Howard
Augusta Augusta -Augusta, E. 2
George Umecker -Augusta, E. 2
S. J. Eeville
Blythe
J. G. Phillips _ . Harlem, E. 2
D. J. Eeville
Harlem, E. 2
M J Norris
S. W. Plank Road
John A. Brewer
Augusta, 1317 Druid Park
J. 0. Hamilton
Augusta, E. 1
H. B. Chavous
McBean, E. 2
J. C. Broome -Hephzibah, E. 2
vv Jesse Johnson --Hephzibah, E. 2
P.
Gardner
Martinez
J. M. Martin _The Hill, Augusta
E. P. Mayo E. E. Farmer
Martinez Blythe, E.F.D.
s.Chas. R. Eheney P. Eabon
Hepzibah -Blythe
E. H. Fleming
Augusta, E. 1
J. N. Wallace
Gracewood
J. D. Fooshee
Augusta, R. 1
J. L. Meyer
Blythe
E. T. Moore
Blythe, R.F.D.
P. H. Bicker
Blythe
E. H. Burckhalter Hepzibah
J. D. W. Godin
Hepzibah
II. L. Murphey
Hepzibah
M. Clark
Blythe
J. T. Eubanks
Blythe
Oswell E. Eve
Augusta
Rockdale
P. L. Graham, Chmn. Conyers
M. W. Granade, Jr.
Conyers
A. W. Whitaker
Conyers
J. E. Ray
Stockbridge
Schley
A. A. Arrington, Chmn. -Ellaville
W. C. Kelley --Ellaville, R. 3
J. W. McCorkle ---Ellaville, R. 1
T. S. Tooke
Ellaville, R. 2
C. B. Barnes
Ellaville, R. 1
Screven
J. T. Avret, Chmn. __ Sylvania
J. II. Howard J. P. Eastmeade J. J. Miller D. B. Newton
Sylvania Millhaven Eocky Ford Halcyondale
Seminole
J. T. Goree, Chmn. -Donalsonville
G. W. J. Barber Donalsonville
T. A. Drake
Iron City
C. N. Nichols Brinson, E.F.D.
Gordon Spooner -Iron City, E.F.D.
Spalding
J. P. Nichols
Griffin, E. D
J. B. Bell
Griffin, E. B
G. B. Westley
Griffin, E. A
G. W. Patrick -Locust Grove, E. 1
Mrs. H. P. Stuckey --Experiment
Stephens J. S. Crawford, Chmn.
Toccoa, E. 2
Sloan Bruce W. L. Glenn Euss Addison J. M. Farmer
Avalon Toccoa, E. 2
Mize Ayersville
Stewart
J. S. Wimberly, Chairman Lumpkin, R. 4
N. C. Coffin
Eichland
222
W. C. 8app _ . Lumpkin, R. 3
II. T. Walton _. -. Lumpkin, K. 4
W. A. Fitzgerald
Omaha
Surater
E. R. Clark . Boykin Harrison
Tift
Ochloeknee Cooledge
J. E. D. Shipp, Climii.
W. C. Jordan G. C. Thomas R. M. Andrews J. T. Methvin ,
Americus
Americus "Cobb Plains
Americus
J. D. Cook, Chmn. i. _ Chula
E. J. Cottle M. S. Patten 11. Segraves ('. R. Patrick
Ty Ty Tifton, R. 4
Fender -Omega
Talbot
Toombs
J. W. Jordan, Chran. _Ta.lbotton E B. Lumpkin _ Talbotton
C. C. Anderson, Chmn. -Ohoopee
J. H. Woodall
Woodland
R. S. Wilson
Lyons
W. A. Blythe - Junction City
Mrs. J. C. Price -
Vidalia
J. B. Mathews --Howard. R.F.D.
A. H. C. Mann Walter L. Harden
Lyons _Blza
Taliaferro
Towns
A. J. Harper, Chmn. Crawfordville
W. B Jones
Crawfordville
J. Miles Berrong, Chmn.
v
W. E. Johnson ._. Crawfordville
W. P. Johnson -Crawfordville
L. R. Brown
- _ . Sharon
W. H. Dean J W. Foster * Jack Eller
Young Harris Hiawassee Titus
Tattnall
J. N. Brown -
Presley
B. J. Callaway
Collins
W. G. Rountree . .. Cobbtown
L H. Kennedy - -- Manassas
J. J. Durrence
Daisy
P. R. Kicklighter
Glennville
Taylor
P. R. Purvis, Chmn.
J A. Heath
J. J. Windham
H E. Neisler
-
Therman Whatley
Howard
Howard Butler Rupert
Reynolds
Telfair
S. P. Aiken, Chmn.
A W. Pullen
-
Milton Bowen
J. 11. Livingston _ _
D J. Williams
McRae
_ McRae Cobbville
Towns Milan
Terrell
C. M. Harris, Chmn. Dawson
J S. Jones
. Dawson, R.F.D.
W J. Cranford _,,Dawson, R.F.D.
C. P. Johnson
- - Sasser
G. F. Smith Bronwood, R.F.D.
Thomas
B. W. Stone, Chmn. - Thomasville
B. C. Reese - -
-Pavo
W. L Watkins
_ -Boston
Treutlen
M. L. O'Brien, Chmn. -Soperton
W. L. Sessions
C P. Phillips
_
R. L. Gillis -
John Gillis -
Soperton Covena Covena Adrian
Troup
II. II. Lane, Chmn. Mountville
J. Q. Burton
Abbottsford
J. T. Hairston - LaGrange, R.F.D.
L. L. Smith ___LaGrange, R.F.D.
J. D. Walker -.Hogansville, R.F.D.
Turner
W. J. Dickson, Chmn. -Rebecca
G. A. Owen R L. Betts .Perry Hamond Allen Owens -
Sycamore Ashburn Ambov Dakota
Twiggs
II. L. D. Hughes, Chmn. -Danville
E. F. Cranford J. H. Solomon
Griswoldville - Joffersonville
A. J Land
. Dry Branch
W. H. M"vrick
-Dry Branch
Union
B. J. Wilson, Chmn.
Ponder
T. N. Duncan
Blairsville
23
C. A. Dewall W. N. Clement J. W. Jarrard
Blairsville Young Cane
Sarah
XIpson
W. W. Childs, Chmn. --Yatesville
T. G. Bethel W. A. Denham T. G. Holloway T. J. Wheless
Thomaston Thomaston The Bock Thomaston
Walker
Walter B. Shaw, Chmn. LaFayette
0. P. Andrews __. Kensington, E.l
W. G. Hunter
Kensington
E. M. Goodson
Chicamauga
Alf Beed
Villanow
Walton
1. M. Thompson,
J. H. Walker M. B. Day L. T. Garrett G. N. Bobison
Chmn.
Good Hope
Walker Park Social Circle Monroe, B. 6 Monroe, B. 3
Ware
T. J. Darling, Chmn.
G. W. Cribb
'_
John Lee
A. E. Wheeler
N. L. Gillis
Waycross
Manor Waresboro
Waycross Fairfax
Warren
N. E. McGinty, Chmn. --Norwood
John F. Palmer H. F. Norris B. L. Skelly
Stapleton Warrenton
Mitchell
S. II. McCord
Norwood
Washington
T. J. Fulghum, Chmn.
T. B. Duggan B. L. Hilton B. B. Tanner G. B. Harrison
Sandersville Warthen
Deep Step
Sandersville Harrison
Wayne
I. S. Bennett, Chmn.
Jesup
L. W. Herrington Jos. H. Thomas M. W. Henderson C. C. Fields
Screven Jesup
Gardi, B. 1 Odum, B. A
Webster
J. F. Lunsford, Chmn. --Preston
E. L. Kimbrough B. A. Lowrey M. E. Smith J. W. Sherman
Weston Preston Preston Bichland
Wheeler
J. C. Martin, Chmn __ Alamo, B. A
C. W. Clark
Glenwood
C. M. Jordan
Glenwood, E. 3
Bay Braswell ___Alamo, E. 2
W. M. Pope
Alamo
White
J. D. Blackwell, Chmn.
E. W. Allison
Cleveland Cleveland, E. 3
J. W. Nix
Cleveland, E. 2
0. H. Kimse W. B. Bobinson
Bobertstown Leaf
Whitfield
W. C. Martin, Chmn.
Dalton
W. H. Prater
Dalton
Luther M. Babb --Dalton, B. 1
S. B. Hassler
Eocky Face
W. H. Westbrook Tunnel Hill
Wilcox
W. E. Googe, Chmn. Abbeville
W. A. Gibbs W. L. McKinley W. D. Mann J. D. A. Smith
Eochelle, E. 1 Seville, B. 1 Pineview
Abbeville, B. 4
Wilkes
J. A. Moss, Chmn.
Tignall
E. A. Callaway
Eayle, E. 2
L. E. Casteel
Metasville
W. H. Griffin --Washington, E. 2
W. L. Sutton
Danburg
Wilkinson
L. L. Smith, Chmn.
Milledgeville, E. 1
J. E. Dean
Gordon
J. E. Townsend
Toomsboro
W. F. Linder
Danville
E. L. Davis
Toomsboro
Worth
M. H. Westberry, Chmn. Sylvester
I. J. Hancock T. B. Jenkins John L. Story I. H. Moree
Doerun, E. 2 Sumner
Warwick Sylvester
24
CITY BOARDS OF EDUCATION
Abbeville
Lon Conner, Chairman W. R. Beall J. H. Dorsey J. Q. Wilson G. M. Bazemore
Acworth
Will Tanner, Cliairman Noah Terry E. W. Bay Ernest Collins Orlando Awtry
Adairsville
W. P. Martin, Chairman M. P. Gaines Chas. Jarrett Chas. Maxwell W. M. King
Adel
A. D. Wiseman, Chairman H. L. Parrish J. Mark Shaw I. N. Futch B. Powell
Alamo
J. C. Matin, Chairman B. A. Braswell C. M. Jordan W. M. Pope C. W. Clark
Albany
W. M. Legg, Chairman I. J. Hofmayer H. T. Mclntosh ,T. S. Billingslea P. J. Brown A. J. Lippett E. E. West W. II. Fleming Mrs. A. W. Van Cise W. M. Wilder Mrs. A. H. Hilsman
Americus
W W. Dykes, Chairman Jas. Sheffield E. B. Everett J. B. Ausley T. E. Bolton Ilollis Fort W. M. Humber S. B. Hays T. 0. Marshall
Arthur Bylander Jno. W. Shiver C. H. Burke J. E. Poole
Ashburn
G. C. McKenzie, Chairman Mrs. John Johnson Mrs. Mac Betts W. A. Murray J. R. Brown It. N. Baines
Athens
]>r. John D. Mell, Chairman D. C. Barrow M. G. Nicholson W. W. Beacham A. W. Dozier Dr. A. C. Holliday Abe Joel 0. H. Arnold, Jr. J. H. McKinnon
Atlanta
J. T. Hancock, Chairman Dr. E. Fred Morris W. 0.' Slate W. W. Gaines Dr. R. M. Eubanks II. J. Penn Mrs. J. O'Keofe Nelson W. L. Moore A. C. Meizell C. J. McLendon Mrs. Z. V. Peterson Mrs. Kate Green Hess
Augusta
(Same as Richmond County)
Bainbridge
Frank S. Jones, Chairman A. B. Conger M. E. O'Neal M. H. Nussbaum II. B. Spooner
Ball Ground
Dr. M. G. Hendrix, Chairman 0. W. Lyons C. W. Groover
Bartow
G. P. Whigham, Chairman J. R. Murphy W. C. Evans J. M. Hall J. B. Salter
25
Barwick
J. T. Thornhill, Chairman J. T. Banks Joe L. Moore Henry Crosby J. L. Barton
Baxley
C. H. Parker, Chairman W. C. Pirkle J. H. Jarman
Blackshear
B. D. Brantley, Chairman Dr. T. E. Oden J. W. Gray Mrs. N. W. Littlefield Mrs. G. T. Henfrey
Blakely
Byron B. Collins, Chairman W. J. Grist J. S. Sherman A. E. Alexander E. L. Fryer
Blue Eidge G. A. Curtis, Chairman M. K. McKiney Mrs. H. H. Holt J. W. Messer Mrs. Ellis
Boston
P. W. Leak, Sr., Chairman E. B. Whaley B. W. Adams W. E. Nichols P. L. Bradshaw
Bowdon W. B. Combs, Chairman A. E. Fleming J. W. Barrow J. G. Smith B. L. Copeland
Bremen J. F. Walker, Chairman John Cantrell L. A. Stephenson S. A. McGukin John T. Sholnutt
Broxton
A. B. Lewis, Chairman Clarence Traynham Homer Bicketson
Brunswick (Same as Glynn County)
Buena Vista
Jos. S. Burgin, Chairman Judge John C. Butt William C. Wooten Frank W. Lowe Chas. M. Clements
Buford
D. A. Irwin, Chairman J- Q. Allen V. M. Beard N. W. Brice L. B. Pattillo
Calhoun
J- G. B. Erwin, Chairman F. A. Cantrell W. 0. Lewis C. E. David .1. H. Boston
Camilla
(Same as Mitchell County)
Canton
A. V. Jones, Chairman H. L. Conn J. B. Boring J. L. Johnston J. W. Chamlee
Carrollton
Dr. C. W. Boberts, Chairman Dr. M. M. Hollumn Dr. C. C. Fitts W. J. Aldridge T. A. Herndon W. A. Cadle
Carnesville
Dr. B. T. Smith C. A. Bryant Hubert Parks Newt Jsabelle Joel Thomas
Cartersville
W. A. Dodd, Chairman P. F. Akin O. W. Haney T. W. Tinsley B. F. Perry
Cave Spring
J. Scott Davis, Chairman Julian Montgomery Lyle Montgomery J. F. Findley
26
Cedartown
W. W. Mundy, Chairman E. L. Henderson P. A. Merriam William Parker G. M. Norman B. F. Lowther E. D. Borders W. T. Edwards M. J. Williams
Chicamauga
D. A. Jewell, Jr., Chairman T. "W. Lee Otto Zimmerman J. G. Elder A. G. White
Chipley
L. E. Floyd, Chairman II. C. Kimbrough Roy Askew J. C. Caldwell Pearcc Laynold
Clarkesville
F. L. Asbury, Chairman W. R. Asbury II. E. Edwards I. N. Foster W. H. Garrison J. A. Robertson F. D. Singleton
Claxton
J. A. Thaggard, Chairman R. R. Tippins Col. P. M. Anderson W. L. Edwards W. T. Kicklighter
Clayton
Dr. J. A. Green, Chairman Ed. Holden F. B. Derrick Mrs. R. E. A. Hamby Mrs. W. F. Gard
Cochran
T. L. Bailey, Chairman W. II. Peacock Chas. Mullis Guy D. Jackson A. L. Smith
Colbert
D. C. L. Loden, Chairman Miles W. Collier Dr. H. H. Hampton L. A. Herring W. S. Lowe
College Park
E. D. Barrett, Chairman Benj. Neeley Dr. C. M. Curtis Dr. W. W. Bateman Samuel R. Young Edward Richardson
Collins
G. L. Jordan, Chairman W. H. Collins B. G. Lynn Lonnie Kennedy W. L. Morris
Comer
S. J. Carmichael, Chairman J. Knox Gholston W. A. Rowe Geo. W. Whitehead W. E. Henslie
Commerce
L. G. Hardman, Chairman C. E. Pittman Claude Montgomery A. P. Rice Col. Early Stark
Conyers C. K. Gailey, Chairman J. M. Towns W. O. Mann V. C. Almand R. D. Herolitt
Coolidge
E. L. Evans, Chairman 0. L. Jordan John Roland Frank Megahee J. L. Banister
Cornelia W. B. Ellard, Chairman J. V. Christian S. F. Wood C. R. Brown T. H. Little
Cordele O. T. Gower, Chairman J. W. Bivins G. W. Hatcher B. N. Williams Mrs. Max E. Land ,
Covington
Thomas Callaway, Chairman
R. R. Fowler N. S. Turner R. P. Lester J. L. Elliott
n
Crawford
W. W. Armstead, Chairman W. P. Lumpkin J. A. Eoland
Mell Blanchard W. Z. Faust Jim Power Tom Burt
Crawfordville
(Same as Taliaferro County)
Cumming
Dr. J. A. Otwell, Chairman Dr. W. W. Pirkle J. B. Wallace W. P. Barrett A. G. Hockenhull
Cuthbert
J. W. Harris, Chairman T. E. Shaffer
B. L. Moye G. H. Owen Dr. D. L. Smith
Dahlonega
A. W. Cain, Chairman W. H. Jones J. H. Moore J. P. Pruitt J. M. Brooksher
Dallas
(Same as Paulding County)
Dalton
Prank Manly, W. C. McGhee P. B. Pite
P. S. Pruden T. S. Shope
Chairman
Danielsville
J. A. Griffeth, Chairman C. E. Adam
N. C. Bulloch W. D. Meadow
Dawson
M. C. Edwards, Chairman J. C. Hollingsworth W. L. Battle L. Lamar
S. D. Hatcher
, Decatur
F. T. Hopkins, Chairman Andrew Sledd Scott Candler Chas. D. McKinney Mrs. J. C. Hoke
H. B. Adams
Dawsonville (Same as Dawson County)
Demorest
Mis. Amy Flor. Phillips, Chmn. Mrs. Mabel S. Percy G. S. Butler
Doerun R. L. Free, Chairman L. J. Myers J. B. Shepherd L. J. McPhaul Earnest Bacon
Douglas
Col. E. L. Grantham, Chairman W. T. Cottingham Mrs. R. A. Moore Mrs. M. D. Dickerson Dr. Jno. M. Hall
Douglas ville Dr. P. M. Stewart, Chairman J. T. Duncan P. D. Selman M. E. Geor T. M. Morris
Dublin F. H. Eowe, Chairman P. B. Rains E. L. Maddox J. W. Edmondson E. G. Simmons J. W. Geeslin Izzie Bashinski
Duluth
J. A. Payne, Chairman J. Heard Summerour W. C. Dawis
East Lake
Willis Davis, Chairman H. Clay Moore Mrs. Scott Hudson Mrs. Fred S. Gould Charles E. Shepard
Eastman
W. H. Wooten, Chairman J. H. Milner C. G. Horn J. C. Wall Lewis Edwards
East Point
Gordon Nabell, Chairman E. E. Boyd J. A. Smith S. W. Eamsoy
28
Eatonton
Dr. S. A. Clark, Chairman
Edison
A. L. Miller, Chairman L. C. Manry C. J. Jenkins H. E. Hammack L. M. Killingsworth
Elberton
W. O. Jones, Chairman
Z. B. Rogers P. H. Smith W. T. Arnold H. P. Hunter
Ellaville
A. A. Arrington, Chairman T. S. Tooke Brit Barnes C. C. McCorckle
Eliijay
(Same as Gilmer County)
Fairburn
J. H. McClure, Chairman J. W. Parker R. H. Greene Clyde Duncan Robt. Wooddall
Fitzgerald
Dr. W. D. Dorminy, Chairman
G. A. Jolley Lon Dickey G. C. Petty Mrs. Frank Ward
Forsyth
(Same as Monroe County)
Fort Gaines
Ben Turnipseed, Chairman
Fort Valley W. L. Houser, Chairman
, A. C. Riley L. Carter Glenmore Green A. J. Evans
Gainesville T. II. Robertson, Chairman O. L. Carter Col. Charters E. H. Dean Judge Wheeler A. M. Adams Sam Dunlap Mr. Rudolph Mr. Morrison R. W. Smith
Greenville
Col. C. L. Cowart, Chairman Dr. W. 0. Strickland W. A. Dubberly Mr. Meadows J. Garner
Grantville
W. A. Post, Chairman O. E. Smith Paul Bugg D. T. Latimor Edwin Banks
Gray (Same as Jones County)
Graymont
(Same as Summit, Ga.)
Greensboro
J. S. Callaway, Chairman C. C. Wills C. E. Robinson P. A. Perkins W. II. Childs J. P. Hunter Hampton McGibony
Griffin
S. H. Wilson, Chairman P. J. Slaton O. S. Tyus B. H. Moore E. D. Davis M. M. Emmerson Frank Maize Mrs. T. J. Brooks
Hahira
John Bostick, Chairman N. Scruggs T. J. Luke \Y. II. Overstreet
Hamilton
(Piime as Harris County)
Harlem
Dr. J. L. Weeks, Chairman J. B. Byniim l E. D. Clary C D. Bailey J. B. Wall
Hartwell
W. E. Meredith, Chairman Dr. Geo. S. Clark Dr. Claude M. Herndon McAlpin Thornton Chas. E. Matheson W. C. Page
29
Hawkins ville
D. E. Buggan, Chairman H. F. Lawson R. F. BeLamar, Jr. N. A. Jelks J. J. Harvard
Hazlehurst
J. A. Cromartie, Chairman J. J. Frazier W. L. Stone S. B. Dell J. J. O'Quinn
. Hiawassee Frank Corn, Chairman C. F. Colwell J. D. Rice V. M. Waldroup Mrs. J. M. Berrong
Hinesville
(Same as Liberty County)
Hogansville
H. B. Barden, Chairman Dr. M. C. Harvey J. F. McLaughlin . R. M. Ware John "Wilkinson
Homerville
(Same as Clinch County)
Irwinton
Geo. F. Carswell, Chairman Br. H. C. Wood J. S. Bavis R. L. Hartley H. M. Skelton
Jackson
0. A. Found, Chairman Hugh Mallet S. H. Thornton W. H. Turner A. T. Buttrill Jack Currie Smith Settle Br. L. B. Hopkins S. J. Foster
Jeffersonville
(Same as Twiggs County)
Janesboro
Hon. J. B. IJoyston. Chairman B. F. Melson Jesse Chapman Br. H. B. Kemper J. C. Hanes
Kennesaw
Dr. J. W. Ellis, Chairman G. R. Skelton M. B. Adams J. G. Lewis J. E. Gait
LaGrange Henry Reeves, Chairman E. T. Moon Mrs. C. V. Truitt Mrs. L. B. Mitchell W. L. Cleveland R. H. Park G. C. Hunter
Lavonia Rush Burton, Chairman Swift Gilmer B. F. Cheek W. N. Harrison
Lawrenceville Judge I. L. Oakes, Chairman L. R. Martin J. H. McGee C. R. Ware Br. B. C. Kclloy
Leesburg (Same as Lee County)
Lincolnton Dr. W. B. Crawford, Chairman C. J. Ferryman F. A. McWhortcr
Lithonia
C. II. MeBonald, Chairman Orbut Nuim Mercer Marbut Mrs. Bave Bond C. J. Tucker
Logansville T. P. Weaver, Chairman J. W. Gan-ett R. Turner Br. C. S. Floyd T. C. Cowsert
Louisville W. W. Abbott, Jr., Chairman Bob Bethea Mr. Rowland James Clark J. C. MeFarland
Ludowici
(Same as Long County)
10
Lumber City
D. P. McArthur, Chairman Dr. F. R. Mann Dr. LeRoy Napier D. C. McLean L. R. Nease D. R. Wileox
Lumpkin
B. P. Pearson, Chairman J. V. Castleberry D. T. Humbcr D. W. Pugh A. M. Deason
Lyons
G. W. Lankford, Chairman Robert Page G. H. McBride W. A. McNatt Pan Odom B. P. Brown W. P. C. Smith S. J. Brown
McCaysville
P. M. Gibson, Chairman .1. W. N. Dickey T. M. Plemmons J. W. Chastain Luther Taylor
McDonough
W. A. D. Nelson, Chairman R. O. Jackson .\l is. Hugh J. Turner
Macon
(Same as Bibb County)
Madison
Hon. P. M. Atkinson, Chairman Rev. A. W. Quillian Mrs. M. A. McDowell Miss Ella II. Burney lien S. Thompson P. V. Parker
Mansfield
W. C. Benton, Chairman E. W. Adams J. T. Willson A. J. Johnson J. S. McGarity
Marietta John II. Boston, Chairman M. L. McNeel N. A. Morris R, W. Northcutt W. II. Perkinson J. M. Fowler
Marsliallville
L. B. Rumph John Murph H. M. McKenzie D. F. Baldwin S. M. Goodwin
Maysville
M. C. Sanders, Chairman M. L. Payne J. P. Hale' J. M. Eberhart T. K. Boouo
Menlo
J. R. Wyatt, Chairman
Milan
T. I. Dowdy, Chairman C. M. Jones
Millen
(Same as Jenkins County)
Monroe
W. P. Bell, Chairman E. S. Tichenor J. R. Nunnally A. B. Mobley
Montezuma
John B. Guerry, Chairman L. C. Cheeves Cullin Richardson Jewell Levy Guy Mason
Moultrie
F. R. Pidcock, Chairman M. L. Lee J. L. Yaden Roy Barber J. T. Killen
Nashville
A. H. Giddens, Chairman W. A. Moore M. C. Chism K. M. Miller Dr. Carlton
Nelson
Alex Anderson, Chairman G. N. Atherton J. P. Turk Lee Baker E. W. Hightower
New Holland
1). W. Anderson, Chairman Marshall Stone W. C. Stallworth K, Dozier
31
Newnan
T. E. Atkinson, Chairman
Nicholls S. D. Anderson, Chairman F. L. Kirkland P. L. Streat D. H. Meeks Gray Meeks
Norman Park M. D. Norman, Chairman J. K. Norman J. T. Norman G. F. Clark K. W. Home
Ocilla G. W. Willis, Chairman Samuel Purvis G. G. Meeks Jesse Davis
Palmetto
H. J. Johnson, Chairman E. B. Cotton W. H. Johnston
Pearson
Dr. B. S. Malone, Chairman Dr. H. P. Smith Dr. Joe Corbett W. J. Tyler E. K. Skipper
Pelham B. TJ. Curry, Chairman W. S. Hill W. C. Twitty J. R. Clements J. R. O'Neal A. R. Baggs D. B. Turner
Pembroke
(Same as Bryan County)
Perry
J. W. Bloodworth, Chairman H. P. Houser J. P. Cooper R. E. Harper C G. Harris
Pinehurst
Dr. V. L. Harris, Chairman H. A. Wood G. W. Roberts Tom Swain Dan Thompson
Quitman
D. Groover, Chairman S. S. Bennett S. S. Gaulden D. G. Malloy H. R. Whitehead
Reynolds
F. A. Ricks, Chairman H K. Sealy Dr. S. H. Bryan
Richland
N. C: Coffin, Chairman J. W. Bell P. C. Brown M. P. Wall E. T. Beall
Rome
0. N. Richardson, Chairman W. F. Barron J. W. Russell James M. Maddox Mrs. H. T. Reynolds
Rossville
J. R. McFarland, Ray Crow
J. W. Carlock C. L. Suggs C. H. Stanley
Chairman
Roswell
II. P. Carpenter, Chairman J. H. Foster
C. C. Otwell J. W. Hood
W. E. Coker
Royston
Col. G. A. Adams, Chairman Sam Bowers C. C. Fain W. R. Collins
St. Marys
W. R. Smith, Chairman G. R. Thigpen I. F. Arnow
Sandersville
W. A. Bell, Chairman Jeff Irwin A. J. Evans Mrs. D. C. Harris T. J. Davis W. H. Smith
Savannah
(Same as Chatham County)
32
Senoia
A. P. Carmiehael, Chairman C. C. McKnight H. G. Hutchinson L. P. ,Branderburg Lee Hand
Smithville
(Same as Lee County)
Social Circle
J. H. Adams, Chairman C. N. Roberts L. A. Malcoln E. S. Herndon E. D. Almand
Soperton
(Same as Treutlen County) Statesboro
Fred T. Lanier, Chairman Mrs. Dan Blitch J. W. Franklin A. O. Bland R. J. Kennedy
Statham
C. B. Chambers, Chairman B. H. Grant T. L. Wall H. E. Perry Dr. Harrison
Stillmore
Dr. H. T. Games, Chairman E. H. Heath W. P. Dozier P. W. Harper R. M. Perkins
Stone Mountain
(Same as DeKalb County)
Summerville
C. L. Hale, Chairman Jim McGinnis B. W. Farror Oscar Espy
Summit-G-raymont
J. L. Rountree, Chairman, Summit Loy D. Cowart, Summit Dr. V. E. Franklin, Graymont Jno. F. Byrd, Summit
Swainsboro
Dr. R. C. Franklin, Chairman T. H. Brown John W. Giddens H. G. Johnson Otis G. Price
Sycamore
A. N. Lunsford, Chairman C. T. Maddox Charlie Fountain G. W. Warren J. W. Henderson
Sylvania
(Same as Screven County)
Sylvester
A. H. Pinson, Chairman R. L. Deariso Gordon W. Paul T. C. Lumpkin Dr. J. L. Tracey
Talbotton
(Same as Talbot County)
Tallapoosa
J. C. Tumlin, Chairman Chas. Crawford A. V. Howe W. W. Heaton M. C. Green
Tate
Sam Tate, Chairman Horace Long J. C. Jerrord
Tennille
W. C. Little, Chairman Dr. C. R. Smith Clem Brown D. R. Thomas L. J. Pritchard Dr. A. S. Brown
Thomaston
J. B. Girardeau, Chairman R. E. Hightower, Jr. Dr. J. M. McKenzie E. P. Sappington J. B. Hardy H. K. Thurston J. L. C. Barron W. E. Adams
Thomasville
E. R. Jerger, Chairman R. G. Fleetwood J. B. Jemison A. D. Little R. G. Mays W. A. Watt W. J. TJpchurch
Tifton
T. E. Phillips, Chairman Briggs Carson
33
Dr. N. Peterson Dr. J. L. Brooks Mrs. W. T. Smith
Tignall
F. S. Fortson, Chairman T. P. Wooten O. F. Jones C D. Bolton E. W. Adams
Toccoa
E. H. Graves, Chairman C. L. Ayers B. P. Davis Claude Bond H. W. Meaders Harry Matheson
Trion
C. B. Caperton, Chairman D. Maffett J. W. Parris C. P. Thompson Felix Cantrell
Unadilla
Jack Bridges, Chairman S. W. Bobbitt C. E. Joiner A. R. Ware J. A. King
Union Point
B. W. Bond, Chairman B. F. Kay W. G. Davout R. A. Rliodes R. B. Drake
Valdosta
C. L. Smith, Chairman A. J. Little Dr. E. P. Rose L. L. Daugherty J. R. Dosher J. G. Crawford O. D. Dalton Mrs. R. A. Peeples Mrs. H. Y. Tillman
Vidalia
W. T. Jenkins, Chairman Geo. S. Rountree II. L. Cromartie L. II. Darby F. L. Hine
Vienna
Col. T. Hoyt Davis, Chairman C. S. Gurr W. L. Snell
J. M. Busbee C T. Stovall
Villa Rica
T. W. Tolbert, Chairman W. M. Talley George Harper W. R. Willoughby J. G. W. Lasseter
Wadley
E. L. Davis, Chairman E. J. Smith, Sr. J. M. Robertson N. J. Rochells J. W. Calhoun
Washington
A. W. Simpson, Chairman C. H. Calhoun I". H. Fieklen K. Wilheit Mrs. J. E. Reynolds
Waycross
Jno. W. Bennett, Chairman H. C. Bunn Abram Cook Q. L. Garrett C. A. White
West Point
W. H. Huguley A. I). Ferguson Lewis Norman A. B. Booker Miss Mary D. Lamm
Whigham
M. G. Patterson, T. J. Mills J. W. Crew
J. H. Howard B. E. Dixon
Chairman
Winder
L. S. Radford, Chairman Claude Mayne J. M. Williams Jack Carrithers Mrs. \V. M. Holsenbeck Mrs. G. H. Fordson
Winterville
J. T. Pittard, Chairman J. B. Fleeman John Hardeman Geo. 0'Kelly
Woodbury (Same as Meriwether County)
34
Wrens
J. M. Adams, Chairman James King L. D. Eathell R". L. Patrick B. P. Avera
Wrights ville
E. 13. Sanders, Chairman C. S. Claxton
W. C. Brinson P. Flanders R. E. Martin
Zebulon
Dr. M. M. Head, Chairman Col. C. R. Gwyn P. M. Sullivan E. M. Pope 10. M. McLeroy
District Agricultural Schools
First District--Statesboro Second District--Tifton Third District--Americus _, Fourth District--Carrollton .__ Fifth District--Monroe Sixth District--Barnesville Seventh District--Powder Springs Eighth District--Madison Ninth District--Clarkesville Tenth District--Granite Hill Eleventh District--Douglas Twelfth District--Cochran
E. V. Hollis, Principal S. L. Lewis, Principal J. M. Prance, Principal 1. S. Ingram, Principal J. H. Walker, Principal T. 0. Galloway, Principal D. D. Scarborough, Principal
B. F. Gay, Principal W. A. Hatfield, Principal
L. F. Elrod, Principal J. M. Thrash, Principal F. M. Green, Principal
35
The State School Survey revealed, among other things, a woeful lack of equipment for the proper teaching of subjects--particularly Geogruphy. For this reason we are printing the following:
Equipment for Use in the Teaching of Geography in Elementary, Junior
and Senior High Schools
By J. O. Martin
Department of Geography, Peabody College, Dr. A. E. Parkins, Instructor.
1. Elementary School. Minimum Equipment A. Globes Six-inch Wire Stand, 80c. Six-inch Metal Base, $4.20; 12-inch, $7.80. A. J. Nystrom Co., Chicago. Clanton Webb Co., Atlanta, Ga. B. Maps Maps of the State, free. State Department of Agriculture. State Highway Commission. State E. B. Commission. Maps of the U. S., free. Congressman. U. S. Geological Survey, Washington, D. C. Products Maps of Armour and Co., Chicago. Political Map of U. S., 41-inches by 52-inehes, $2.20. A. J. Nystrom, Chicago. Map of the World-Hemispheres and Mercator Projector. A. J. Nystrom, Chicago, and Clanton-Webb, Atlanta. C. Books
For Children
Carpenter's--Geographical Eeaders for each Continent. American Book Co. Each, 60c.
Carpenter's--How the World Is Fed, Housed and Clothed. * American Book Co. Each, 60c.
McMurry and Parkins'--Elementary Geography. Macmillan. $1.20.
McMurry and Parkins'--Advanced Geograpliv. Macmillan. $1.60.
For Teachers
Brigham--Geographical Influences on American History. Ginn and Co. $1.50.
Colby--Source Book of Geography of North America. University of Chicago Press. $3.00.
Smith--Commerce and Industry. Henry Holt, N. Y. $1.50.
Branom--Teaching of Geography. Ginn and Co. $1.48.
World Almanac. New York World. 50c.
D. Periodicals
For Children
Youth's Companion. Curtis Publishing Co.
36
For Teachers
Journal of Geography.
A. J. Nystrom, Chicago. $1.50.
National Geographic Magazine, Washington, D. C. Geographical News Bulletin, free. National Geographic Society, Washington, D. C.
Suggested Additional Equipment
A. Maps
Political of America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. 41" by 52", $2.20. A. J. Nystrom, Chicago and Clanton-Webb, Atlanta.
1 Natural Eesource Map of U. 8. 1 Industrial Map of U. S. 1 Agricultural Map of TJ. S. 1 Political and Possessions Map of U. S. 1 Density of Population Map of the World. 1 Density of Population Map of U. S. 1 Political Map of the World. 1 Bainfall and Temperature Map of the World. 1 Vegetation Map of the World. 1 Occupational and Commercial Development Map of the
World. 1 Physical Map of the World.
Ten of the above maps mounted in a cabinet with removable features. $67.05.
Ten without removable features. $53.25. Ten maps mounted singly on spring rollers and dust proof
case. $57.60. Hart American Set of 25 History Maps. $45.00.
Denoyer-Geppert Co., Atlanta.
B. Books
For Children
Smith--Eskimo and Holland Stories. Band McNally, Chicago.
Brooks--Story of South America. Johnson Publishing Co., Bichmond, Va. 80c.
Crissey--Story of Eoods. Band McNally. $1.25.
Dodge--Hans Brinker. E. P. Dutton, New York. 60c.
Andrews--Each and All. Ginn and Co. 60c.
McMurry--La'rger Type Studies. Maemillan. $1.20.
McMurry--Excursions and Lessons in Homo Geography. Maemillan. 50c.
For Teachers
Dodge and Kirchway--Teaching of Geography. Band McNally. $1.00
McMurry--Special Methods in Geography. Maemillan. 70c.
McMurry--Teaching by Projects. Maemillan. $1.32.
37
C. Valuable Aids--Free, or at Little Cost
Industrial Collection
Armour Products and By-Products. Armour and Co., Chicago.
Story of Silk. Corticelli Silk Co., Florence, Mass.
Chocolate Exhibit. Baker and Company, Dorchester, Mass.
Kellogg's Breakfast Pood. Kellogg Co., Battle Creek, Mich.
Harvest Scenes of the World. International Harvesting Co., Chicago.
Hershey Chocolate Co., Hershey, Pa. Story of Rubber.
U. S. Rubber Co., New York. Joseph Dixon Crucible Pencil Co., Jersey City, N. J.
Pictures
Perry Picture Co., Maiden, Mass. Collections from magazines, railroad folders, daily and Sunday
newspapers.
2. For Junior High Schools
Minimum Equipment
A. Globe
Twelve-inch Movable Meridian, $12.35. A. J. Nystrom, Chicago, and Clanton-Webb, Atlanta.
B. Maps
Goode's Series of Political-Relief maps of N. A., S. A., Europe, Asia, and Africa.
In utility cases, 66 by 46 inches. Entire case $68.00. Rand McNally, Chicago.
C. Books
For Children Shillig--Pour Wonders, Cotton, Wool, Linen and Silk. Rand McNally. 50c. Chase and How--Stories of Industries. Ed. Pub. Co., N. Y. 60c.
World Almanac.
New York World. 50c. Allen--Industrial Studies.
Ginn and Co. 80c. Smith--Commercial and Industrial Geography.
Henry Holt, N. Y. $3.50. Peeps at Many Lands. All Countries.
Macmillan. Each, 55c.
For Teachers
McMurry--Project Teaching. Macmillan. $1.32.
Lyde--Man and His Markets. Macmillan. 90c.
Lyde--Man in Many Lands. Macmillan. 65c.
Huntington--Civilization and Climate. Yale Press. $2.50.
Salisbury--Physiography. Macmillan. $4.00.
Whitbeck and Pinch--Commercial Geography. McGraw-Hill Book Co., N. Y. $3.50.
Suggested Additional Equipment
A. Maps 1 Hart American Set of History Maps. $45.10. 1 Density Population Map of the World. 1 Temperature and Rainfall Map of the World. 1 Commercial Development Map of World. 1 Physical Map of the World. 1 Political Map of the World. 1 Commercial Development Map of each Continent. 1 Physical Map of each Continent. 1 Political Map of each Continent. These maps should be mounted in single cases so every map will be available to each class room. Each, $6.85. 1 Slated cloth lithographed outline map of United States and World. $9.00. 1 Set Ancient and Medieval History Maps. 9th grade. 28 maps. $49.90. Denoyer-Geppert Co., Atlanta.
B. Books
For Children
Blaich--Three Industrial Nations. American Book Co. 84c.
M. V. O'Shea--World Book. Set of ten volumes. $46.00. Quarrie and Co., Chicago.
McMurry--LaTger Types. Macmillan. $1.20.
Pictorial Geography. National Geographic Society, Washington, D. C.
For Teachers
Branom--Teaching Geography. Ginn and Co. $1.48.
Statesmen's Year Book. Macmillan. $7.50.
Agricultural Year Book. Dept. of Agr., Washington, D. C.
C. Suggested Aids
Lantern and Lantern Slides. Keystone View Co., Meadville, Pa. $65.00.
Junior Baloptican. Bausch and Lomb Optical Co., Rochester, N. Y. $45.00.
Stereoscopes and Stereographs. Keystone View Co. Underwood and Underwood, N. Y.
3. Senior High School
A. Globes
Twelve-inch Metal Base. $7.80. A. J. Nystrom, Chicago.
B. Maps
Physiographic Maps of U. S. $2.51. A. J. Nystrom.
Commercial Development Maps. Five Continents and the World. Denoyer-Geppert, Atlanta. Each, $6.85.
39
Vegetation Map of the World. Denoyer-Geppert. $6.85.
Goode's School Atlas. Band McNally. $4.00.
Atlas of Beference Maps. School Book Depository, Atlanta. 60e.
World's Agriculture. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C.
C. Books
For Children
Shaler--The Story of Our Continent. Ginn and Co. 75e.
Hotchkiss--Representative Cities of United Houghton Mifflin Co., Chicago. 65c.
Salisbury--Physiography. Henry Holt, New York. $3.50.
McFarlane's--Economic Geography. Macmillan. $3.50.
For Teachers
Southerland--Teaching of Geography. Scott Foresman, Atlanta. $1.25.
Milham 's--Meteorology. Macmillan. $4.50.
Tarr and Martin's Physiography. Macmillan. $3.50.
Branom--Teaching Geography. Ginn and Co. $1.48.
States.
D. Aids
Lantern and Lantern Slides. Keystone View Co., Meadville, Pa. $65.00.
Junior Baloptiean for Slides and Post Cards. Bauseh and Lomb Optical Co., Bochester, N. Y. $45.00.
40
GEORGIA State School Items
Published Monthly by the Department of Education.
Vol. 2
JANUAEY 1, 1925
No. 4
N. H. BALLARD,
State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the Post Office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923.
ATLANTA, GA.
APPORTIONMENT OF STATE SCHOOL FUND FOE YEAR 1925
The General Assembly appropriated to the public schools for the years 1924 and 1925, $4,250,000. In 1924, we received an appropriation of $250,000 from the excess fund. This additional appropriation, however, was made for one year only, 1924.
Below, you will find the apportionment to the different counties and cities for the year 1925.
APPORTIONMENT OF SCHOOL FUND, 1925.
County or City Apphng
_ Baxley Atkinson
Pearson Willaeooehee Bacon Alma _i. '___ Baker Baldwin Banks Barrow Russell Winder Bartow Adairsville Cartersville Ben Hill
Fitzgerald Bemen
Nashville Bibb Bleckley
Cochran Brantley Brooks Bryan Bulloch
Statesboro Burke Butts Calhoun Camden
St. Marys ' Campbell
Palmetto Candler Carroll Catoosa Charltori
Chatham Chattahooehee Chattooga
Menlo Cherokee Clarke
Athens Clay
Bluffton Clayton
~.__~___ll
AMOUNT
$ 15,295.80 i;687.20
10,678.20
1,'83.16
2 042 40
._. 8,5S5.Si
1,585.08
11,730.48
22,182 24
15,473.40
13,888.32
204 24
3,99e'.00
27,985.32
\ 034 50
6!o33!96
12,667.32
9,261.84
17,844.36
2,437.56
86,531.16
12,942.60
2,553.00
9,390.60
33,251.16
9,252.96
37,304.88
4 750.80
39J29J2
16,587.S4
14,438.88
g 333 32
L056J2
15,420.12
1,540.68
13,630.80
48,400.44
10,500.60
g 744.3(3
102,990.24
5 507.70
19,163!o4
, 1,354.20
28,775.64
'
11,619.48
22,510.80
9,506.04
1,758.24
14,820.72
Clinch
Cobb
Marietta
Roswell
Coffee
Broxton
Douglas
Nicholls
Colquitt
_*
Doerun
Moultrie
Columbia
Cook
Adel
Sparks
Coweta
Newnan
Senoia
Crawford
Crisp
Cordele
Dade
Dawson
Decatur
Bainbridge
DeKalb
Decatur
East Lake
Lithonia
Dodge
Eastman
Dooly
Dougherty
Douglas
Early
Blakely
Echols
Effingham
Elbert
Emanuel
Evans
_
Fannin
Fayette
Floyd
Rome
i
Forsyth
Franklin
Canon
Lavonia
Martin
Royston
Fulton
Atlanta
College Park
East Point
Gilmer
Glascook
Glynn
Gordon
Sugar Valley
Grady
Pine Park
Greene
Gwinnett
Buford
8,924.40
31,706.04
8,520.30
1,549.50
22,550.70
1,370.40
4,146.90
1,158.84
34,121.40
990.12
7,090.08
15,588.84
13,435.44
2,961.48
959.04
29,308.44
8,351.64
1,571.76
15,073.80
17,799.96
6,961.92
5,305.80
5,772.00
28,975.44
6,584.52
35,222.52
9,847.92
830.28
1,873.68
33,672.90
3,725.10
34,281.24
25,503.30
14,341.20
27,892.08
3,147.90
4,342.32
16,916.40
30,280.80
38,352.72
10,727.04
17,569.08
15,349.08
36,780.96
16,627.80
15,859.68
22,968.12
1,309.80
2,433.12
816.96
2,148.96
45,239.16
231,186.36
5,714.28
9,901.20
13,559.76
6,260.40
:
22,528.56
23,283.30
279.72
29,921.16
430.08
24,748.50
34,019.28
4,444.44
Lawrenceville Habersham
Cornelia
Hall
Gainesville
Hancock
Haralson
Harris
Hart
Hartwell Heard
Henry
Houston
Irwin
Ocilla
Jackson
Commerce Jasper
Jeff Davis
Hazelhurst
Jefferson
Jenkins
Johnson
Jonas
Lamar
Barnesville Lanier
Laurens
Cadwell
Dexter
Dublin
Rentz
Lee _
Liberty""!
1
Lincoln
Lincolnton
Long
Lowndes
Valdosta
Lumpkin
Macon
Madison
Marion
Meriwether
Miller
Milton
Mitchell
Monroe
Montgomery
Morgan
Madison
Murray
Muscogee
Columbus
McDuffie
Thomson
Mclntosh
Newton
Covington
Oconee
Oglethorpe
Paulding
Pickens
Nelson
Pierce
Blackshear
Pike
,
T
4
3,147.96 17,280.36
1,722.72 29,970.00
9,297.36 24,206.88 20,765.88 21,911.40 23,549.76 ,_ 3,467.64 15,970.68 25,641.00 33,060.24 17,125.08
2,717.28 28,842.24
3,924.96 19/726.92 10,145.40
1,900.32 31,710.48 18,856.68 19,647.00 17,768.88 11,925.84
3,600.84 7,121.76 41,855.88
310.80 559.44 9,625.92 426.24
15,255.84
12,782.76 10,922.40
3,023.64 5,954.04 23,580.84 12,614.04 7,343.76 23,483.16 24,810.72' 11,237.64 34,054.80 13,808.40 9,479.40 39,449.40
21,218.76 16,317.00 20,250.84 2,575.20
13,044.72 16,845.36 45,154.80 11,184.36
3,214.56 8,862.24
28.202.88 4,568.76 12,254.40
23,953.80 18,723.48 11,694.96 1,043.40 ..__ 14,652.00
1,962.48 18,941.04
Polk pRo-c~krm~arJt
Cedartown ruiasKl .
Hawkinsville Putnam Quitman Rabun
Randolph H*mond Rockdale
Conyers __ Schley
Screyen
Saminole
8pald,nG|.ri~ffin Stephens
Tocooa
Stewart Sumter ______
Amencus laibot Tahaferro
lattnall
LleTila..ir
_
Lumber City
Terrell
Dawson
Thomas
Boston
Inomasville
Tift
liiton Toombs Towns Troup
Hogansville LaGrange West Point Treutlen Turner Ashburn Twiggs Union
Upson Walker
Chickamauga
Walton
Ware
Fairfax
Waycross
Warren
Washington .
Wayne .
___.
Webster
Wheeler __.
White
Whitfield ...
Wilcox
Wilkes
W'lklnson Worth
19,(2,5,,6..218Q
7.809.96
.
12,130.08
3,290.04
20,130.90
g M5
27,283.80 83,756.16 9,miM g ,,-
g76
33,566.40 12,529.68
2101,,266185..6004 12,201.12
6 718?
18,448.20 29,228.52
10,078.80 14,918.40 -1>104 44 23,873.88
2158,,186310..4084 1 212 ,.,
25,803.00
42;0O 12
30,094.32
__
158952
9 328 44
138,,518372..5926' 20,983.44 5,772.00 22,012.92
3,183.48 23,252 28
3,110.88 11,566.20 15,384.60 2 77!) 44 16,188.24 9,554.88 27,834.30 31 226.52
2',006.88 _$,677.90 14,874.00
340.32 17,777.70 10,900.32 _ _ 37,913.10 17,085.12 7,818.84 14,809.50 10,012.20 28,880.64 22,599.00 27,020.28
19,163.04 3.,999.08
BUDGETING
"No schogl can be stronger than its finances" is the statement made by the State School Auditor, Mr. Tom Wisdom, at the Regional Conferences held under his direction throughout the State. There is much wisdom in this remark. It is true--every word of it. Mr. Wisdom tells his audience that his subject is "Boojets." However, whether his subject is "Boogets" or "Budgets" he puts a great deal of wisdom in his talk which should result in much good.
No business can be sure of success unless it is well planned in advance. Its expenditures should never exceed its income. That the pattern should be cut according to the cloth is an old saying in which there is much wisdom. Many of the county systems of Georgia have been materially hurt and their future welfare jeopardized on account of failure to observe this principle.
In analyzing the reason for the indebtedness of many county systems, it resolves itself into two separate heads:
(1) In failing to develop a budget in which the financial operations have been well planned and in which the expenditures are never in excess of the receipts. Without any financial planning the school affairs begin to drift and, nine times out of ten, toward debt. It is but a short while until they become involved more than a year's expenditures and then onward to the precipice. At this point, where many counties are today, it will take most heroic action by all the people and, at the best, the children of this year and next year must pay the penalty of somebody's mistakes.
(2) In deliberately spending more money than they have, with the sole idea of making a show, because this seemed popular and might jeopardize their political interests by reducing these expenditures.
The same end is reached as in the first case,--the one results from carelessness, the other from a deliberate act to make a good showing. In both instances the children suffer. However, in the latter, the wrong is almost criminal for it is a violation of the law and was deliberately done.
The budgeting and planning of the financial operations are of no greater importance to a school system, perhaps, than the planning of the entire system. Just as the expenditures should be made to fit the receipts, so the school system should be planned and organized to meet the demands made upon it.
Each new superintendent--as well as the old superintendents-- should make a careful study and survey of his county educationally; should know perfectly its physiography--its streams, swamps, mountains, roads, as well as its people.
One of the most important movements in the educational field
in many decades has been the 6-3-3 plan of the division of the school work. The value of this plan is shown by its almost universal acceptance in a short while after being promulgated. Almost everywhere it has supplanted the 7-4 and 8-4 plan. It admirably fits into all the conditions both of the larger cities, as well as the most remote country districts.
Laying this down as a basis of the future school organization, the superintendent, in his mind, should so plan his county that every child should be easily accessible to a school of six grades. The most important thing is the correct location of his Junior High School Centers. While no rule can be laid clown as to their number, certainly there should never be more than the finances of the county will warrant. They should be located so as to be permanent and must take into consideration the roads, impassable streams, swamps, mountains, etc., as well as the character of the population to be served. In most of the Georgia counties one good Senior High School would be better than several poor ones, yet the conditions are such in many counties that it will necessitate more than one or else the people of the entire county will not be served, but, just as the Junior High Schools should not be too many, so the Senior High Schools should be as few as possible to serve the needs of the people, and to give to each child in the county an opportunity of a high school education.
To these Junior Centers the children from the outlying elementary schools will be transported. For example, let four trucks bring the children from the different school districts to the Junior Center--to the seventh, eighth, and ninth grades. One of these trucks would then take the children of the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth grades to the Senior Center. In the afternoon it would be reversed. This truck would deliver its cargo to the Junior Center and the other trucks would then distribute the children to their different homes. So planned, there would be given to every child in your county an opportunity for a high school education.
THE COUNTRY SCHOOL MUST NOT BE DESTROYED
What I am going to say will not be ex cathedra, or with authority, yet it is something that seeks expression within me, due to close observation of the school system of Georgia--the country school must not be destroyed.
Much good has resulted from consolidation, as well as much harm. Especially has consolidation been harmful in many of the consolidations around villages and towns when the outlying country districts were annexed seemingly more with the idea of obtaining extra revenue for the support of the town school than contributing service to the children in the districts that were added.
Then, again, those country schools should be preserved as centers. A country school is better for the country child, better for the country community served; therefore, let the tendency be to preserve these schools in the country and make of them better country centers. The 6-3-3 plan given in the previous paragraph, in which it is suggested that county superintendents so plan their school systems as to develop these strong Junior Country Schools, will admirably serve this purpose.
CEKTIFICAT1NG By E. A. POITXD, Director
At a meeting of the State Board of Education held in January the plan of certification adopted last July was discussed and all of its essentials retained.
Nearly ten thousand certificates have been issued under the plan. The very great number of certificates already issued attests the popularity of the plan. The plan is perhaps the simplest one used in the South and the many letters of commendation in reference to it are most gratifying.
Elementary, normal, and college certificates are issued under the following conditions:
The elementary certificate is based upon graduation from a four-year standard high school or its equivalency.
After September, 192G, only graduates of accredited high schools who have had a teacher-training course with at least one unit credit in education will be given this certificate.
In order to'obtain a life-time elementary certificate one must be able to show graduation from a four-year high school or its equivalency, ten years experience, and at least 18 semester hours in education.
The normal certificate--provisional--is based upon graduation from a two-year standard normal school. The professional normal certificate requires three years' teaching experience in addition to graduation.
The provisional high school certificate is granted to graduates of junior and senior colleges not having 18 semester hours in education.
The provisional college certificate is granted to those who hold degrees from standard colleges and who have done some work in education. Three years' experience and 18 semester hours in education are necessary for the professional college certificate.
A life-time certificate of each class may be had provided one has the requisites in professional work--18 semester hours--and ten years of successful experience.
Graduates of standard junior colleges and senior colleges, if desired, may obtain a three-year junior college or senior college certificate good for three years.
EDUCATIONAL PHILANTHROPY By J. 0. MARTIN
State School Supervisor.
One of the outstanding features of the year 1924 was the number of gifts to educational institutions. Notable among these was the announcement that George Eastman had given the bulk of his holdings of the Eastman Kodak Company to institutions. The minimum value of the stock thus distributed is placed at $15,000,000. On this basis the University of Rochester receives $8,500,000, including $2,500,000 contributed by Mr. Eastman in a campaign recently conducted successfully to raise $10,000,000 for that institution.
Mr. Eastman also gave $4,500,000 to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and $1,000,000 each to the Hampton and Tuskegee institutions for the education of negroes.
The explanation of these gifts is significant: "I am now upwards of 70 years old," said the benefactor, "and feel that I would like to see results from this money within my remaining years."
Of the $10,000,000 fund previously raised by the University of Rochester, $1,000,000 was pledged by alumni, $1,000,000 by the General Education Board, $2,500,000 by Mr. Eastman, and $5,500,000 by citizens of Rochester.
About the same time, citizens of Syracuse completed a successful campaign for $1,000,000 to free Syracuse University from debt, and the General Education Board gave $100,000 to Skidmore College.
(*From Bulletin University of New Tork.)
Mr. J. B. Duke, of Durham, N. C, has recently given $40,000,000 toward educational and religious purposes in the States of North and South Carolina. Trinity college which shares the greatest in the gift has become Duke University in honor of the father of the donor. Mr. Duke is a son of the South, a native of North Carolina. We feel proud of him and rejoice with his people in their good fortune which will mean so much for the up building of those States--our neighbors on the East.
Mr. Lewis H. Beck, president of the Beck and Gregg Hardware Company, of Atlanta, has given $25,000.00 to be established as a
trust fund for nine Georgia Orphanges, the income to be divided among them equally. ' Mr. Beck was himself an orphan and says that "orphans are the most deserving recipients of human kindness."
During the past year Mr. Beck has given to Emory University (for a scholarship fund) $50,000.00; to Georgia Tech (for a scholarship fund) $25,000.00; to Wesleyan Female College $10,000.00 as a fund to educate Atlanta working girls in a commercial course; $10,000.00 for superannuated Methodist ministers and $1,000.00 to provide a medal for heroism for local Boy Scouts.
Mr. Beck states that he has "made his money in Georgia and intends to spend it here."
Judge George O. Warnach, of Waynesboro, Ga., who died December 19th, is said to have left the following benefaction: $10,000.00 to the Methodist Episcopal Church, South for the ministerial education of young Georgia men; $35,000.00 for the education of poor children in Burke County; and $1,000.00 to the Methodist Orphanage in Macon.
Mrs. Ella Washington Bellamy who died a few days ago at Macon bequeathed almost her entire estate to Wesleyan Female College and to William and Mary College. The value of the estate has not been determined.
The Columbia Theological Seminary which is owned by the Presbyterian Synod of Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, Florida and Mississippi is to be moved back to Georgia--to Decatur--after having been located at Columbia, South Carolina, for 98 years. It was established at Lexington, Georgia, about 1827 and later moved to Columbia.
Forty acres of valuable land have been donated by the estate of G. B. Scott, Ben Forkner, G. F. Willis, B. D. Watson, and Judge John S. Candler. The building program calls for an expenditure of a $1,000,000.00, and it is planned to have the institution open September 1st, 1927.
This old institution is rich in her tradition of long service and we welcome her back to the State of her birth where she will have a rebirth and be rededicated to a wider and more useful field of service.
After the destruction of the administration building by fire at the Georgia State College for Women a mass meeting was held im-
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mediately and plans were made to erect a new auditorium, a classroom building, and Y. W. C. A. building.
Dr. M. M. Parks, president of the college, Messrs. Miller S. Bell, E. E. Bell, and J. W. McMillan each subscribed $1,000. One hundred or more other citizens subscribed less amounts. The faculty and student body subscribed $20,000.00. An appeal has been made to the alumnae to pledge $21.00 each to be paid in three years. This is "a postage stamp a day," they claim. Its appeal is meeting with a great response. The amount will be raised and raised quickly. The alumnae of this college do things.
Our Georgia people are beginning to give to education. We are far behind in this respect. The majority of the universities of the North and East have been endowed with millions of dollars. Our State university is the oldest one in existence and Wesleyan is the oldest college for women in point of conferring degrees--to say nothing of the age of the other institutions for higher education in the State, and yet during all these years the bequests that have been made to them have been extremely small.
Georgia will never be a greater State until she becomes greater educationally and she will never be greater educationally until her people become willing to give more toward education, and that means making our institutions commensurate with their needs; for people are led from the top down and not from the bottom up.
How many persons in Georgia do you suppose are worth as much or more than $50,000.00? To know the vastness of this number would be astonishing.
Then, suppose that all persons of this group were to bequeath at least one per cent of their wealth to education in Georgia--to whatever cause or institution they choose--think what it would mean to the upbuilding of the State in every possible way!
Of course we would not confine the giving to persons of the above.ratings alone but to all persons who feel free to give. The first group are more able,--that is all.
There is no fight between light and darkness. Darkness exists only in the absence of light. TURN THE LIGHT ON AND DARKNESS DISAPPEARS. THEREFORE LET'S GIVE AND LET'S GIVE AND LET'S BUILD AND TURN THE LIGHT OP EDUCATION ON, THAT THE CHILDREN MAY SEE BETTER HOW TO WALK.
SCHOOL FIRE
Thirty-six persons--mostly children--lost their lives in a school house fire at Hobart, Okla., on Christmas Eve at a Christmas tree entertainment.
There was only one door to the house and it opened inward.
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Heavy wire screens were over the windows to keep out intruders. Therefore, you see what happened.
Here, in Georgia, the school law provides that all doors shall open outward and that the building in all particulars shall be safe from fire hazard.
The trustees and county school authorities would do well to inspect their buildings and provide any necessary changes or additions that would make for their safety against a fire hazard.
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA
A law passed in 1923 requires the teaching and study of the State Constitution in all schools and colleges receiving public funds. Other institutions probably voluntarily follow suit.
The only complete edition in print has been compiled and published by Miss E. M. Thornton, Asst. State Librarian and has been indorsed and recommended for use by the General Assembly of Georgia.
Price to schools 25 cents per copy with 25 per cent discount in lots of 100 and up.
Address: E. M. THORNTON
203 State Capitol
ATLANTA, GA.
SUMMER INSTITUTES FOR TEACHERS J. 0. MAETIN
State School Supervisor
At least 29 per cent of the white teachers of the State have had no scholastic training beyond the tenth grade and it is estimated that the majority of those persons who will enter the profession next term, to fill vacanices, will have no training beyond the eleventh grade. Therefore, it is evident that emergency training schools are needed for this class of teachers. Two years ago the Legislature made such provision, which enabled the State Department of Education to conduct thirteen regional institutes during July of last year, at which 1300 teachers, mainly of the above type, were instructed in the fundamentals of the elementary branches of study by instructors who were selected because of their having been successful in teaching those subjects.
The success of these institutes fully warrants their repetition this year. Hence, they are being offered again at the twelve district A. & M. Schools and at Ellijay.
Complying with a request from the A. & M. Principals, which has been approved by a majority of the county school superinten-
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dents, the institutes will open on June 15th and continue one month--through July 14th.
Board for the entire time will be $16.00, and an incidental fee of $4.00 will be charged, making a total of $20.00 expense to the teachers.
The course of study will include primary work through the third grade, elementary Arithmetic, Reading, English, History, Geography, Health, and Rural School Problems. The teachers, of course, will be expected to bring such texts in these studies as they may be able to obtain for use during this time.
The instructors will be selected on the basis of their having been successful in teaching the particular subjects assigned to them.
Three hours of credit toward the elementary license will be given for satisfactory study.
Those teachers, who have not studied beyond the tenth grade, and those high school graduates, who anticipate teaching during the next term, should be urged to attend one of these institutes. They will find the instruction most helpful.
The county school superintendents are requested to send the principal of their district school the names and home addresses and scholastic training of his teachers, so that application blanks and data concerning the school may be sent them. This will be a great help.
A school is no better than its teacher. It is useless to. talk about getting better teachers. There are none to get. Let us take those in service, who need to be better trained, and help them to become tetter teachers. The State has much already invested in these teachers--in experience mainly--why not spend more on them and get their full value ?
SCHOOL FINANCES AND RECORDS
By TOM WISDOM State School Auditor
During the month of January ten meetings were held in different sections of the State. The purpose of these meetings was to discuss finances, methods of book-keeping, and the importance of accurate office records.
Some of the outstanding subjects brought out in these meetings were:
(1) The Budget: It was clearly demonstrated that no county could properly finance itself without first making up its budget. In other words, a county--like an individual or a corporation--
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must know its resources in order that the expenditures may be so fixed as not to exceed its income. It is just at this point where so many counties have gone upon the rocks,--meeting from month to month and authorizing expenditures without reckoning with the income. The result of this practice has been extremely embarrassing to a number of counties in Georgia. Every Board of Education should know how much money they will have to spend during any given year and then the expenditures must be so planned as to keep within the income. Your county system is no stronger than your finances and, where counties are not properly budgeted and debts are permitted to' accrue, distrust is often the result.
(2) The monthly posting of boohs: Every item of receipts and disbursements should be posted each month and a clear explanation made. In posting receipts say from what source-- whether from State or county. If loans, from whom and when due. If miscellaneous items, specify from whom or what. The disbursements should be equally as clear. Dates are important and should never be left out.
(3) A reconciliation with the lank should be made each month. (4) It is very important that all items should be properly classified. The best'time to do this is when the account is first written up. Arrange the items according to classification, then when they are ready for the balance sheet they are complete and many errors are avoided in this way. Your records should show definitely for what the money is being spent--how much is being paid out for administration, for teaching, for repairs, for supplies, for transportation, for interest, etc. Avoid "miscellaneous." It is a catch-all and means nothing.
(5) Great care should be given to the recording of the minutes. It is a record of the County Board of Education and is a protection to the county school superintendent, who is the disbursing officer, and everything passed upon by the Board should be properly recorded in the Minute Book.
(G) All accounts to be paid should be approved by the Board of Education before they are paid. If this is adhered to strictly it is easy to arrange for only one pay day in the month--the day following the meeting of the Board, when all checks may be drawn and mailed out. This is being practiced by a number of counties in Georgia and is working most satisfactorily to all parties concerned.
(7) The importance of keeping accurate office records of all kinds cannot be too strongly emphasized. No one should be too busy to properly attend to the duties of his office--regardless of the pressure of outside duties--for largely upon the management of the office a man's reputation is determined.
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(8) Obey the law. By this, I mean particularly with reference to the expenditure of the school funds. The law is very clear and definite that we must not spend more than the income in any given year. Unfortunately this has not always been done in some counties, the result of which has been more or less chaotic.
I wish to express my sincere appreciation for the cooperative spirit manifested by the county school superintendents and members of Boards of Education who were in attendance at our several meetings and I wish to assure them that I stand ready at all times to serve in any way that I can in my capacity as auditor.
SEVENTH GBADE EXAMINATION QUESTIONS
Seventh grade examination questions heretofore sent out by the State Department will be discontinued. . This does not mean at all that the examinations will be discontinued but that they should be prepared and given under the direction of the county superintendent of schools, and on his certificate that a child has completed the State course of study the usual certificate will be issued from this department.
We have learned from experience that the examinations were never held at the same time and, due to the closing of the schools at different times, this became an impossibility. We further found that the questions were often in the hands of the teachers, and even the pupils, before the examination in certain schools and this made the whole system useless. We think that better results can be obtained by putting this in the hands of the county superintendents and we feel sure they will not abuse this privilege and will recommend no child who has not satisfactorily completed the work of the first seven grades.
BAEBETT-BOGERS FUND
Application blanks have already been sent to the county superintendents for both consolidated and high school aid under the Barrett-Bogers Act. These should be approved by the County Board of Education and should reach this office by April tenth. We especially urge the school authorities to be prompt in this matter as the apportionment will be made during the month of April. Failure to file these promptly may lose you the appropriation.
Heretofore in the division of the $200,000, forty per cent of the $200,000 has been given to elementary consolidations and sixty per cent to the high schools. It is doubtful if this conforms to the intention of the law, which set aside $100,000 for elementary consolidation and then later added an additional $100,000 for high schools. It will be our purpose to follow the law this year in the matter and give $100,000 to the elementary consolidations.
Again, purely rural consolidations will be favored rather than
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consolidations of rural districts with town districts, and, again, the high school appropriation will be given to those counties most in need of establishing strong high schools. This is the purpose of the law--the establishment of high schools in counties where at present no high school exists.
Again, the selection of the high school to which this aid should go is entirely in the hands of the County Board of Education. The State School Superintendent cannot assign it to a school other than the one recommended by the County Board. Therefore, we earnestly urge that this selection be made before the application is sent here. In other words, let only one application for high school aid come.
In regard to the elementary school, send applications for all of your consolidated schools that meet the conditions. Yet, we would suggest that you designate first, second, third choice, etc.
NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION The Department of Superintendence, National Education Association, will meet in Cincinnati, February 21-26, 1925. There will be a rate of one and one-half fare for the round trip on the certificate plan. Certificates can be secured from the State Superintendent of Schools. Arrangements have been made for a special car from Atlanta for the Georgia party. Write Mr. F. P. Alexander, 101 Marietta Street, Atlanta, for reservations. We would like to have a large attendance from Georgia.
The United States Bureau of Printing, Washington, D. C, will send to any teacher, upon request, fifty copies of the pamphlet, "Malaria, Its Causes and Prevention," by H. E. Carter. This is a valuable pamphlet.
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GEORGIA State School Items
Published Monthly by the Department of Education.
Vol.2
FEBRUARY 1, 1926.
No. 6
N. H. BALLARD,
State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the Post Office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923.
ATLANTA, GA.
A CRITICAL STUDY OF SOME EDUCATIONAL PROBLEMS OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA.
RALPH E. WAGER Professor of Education EMORY UNIVERSITY
This Study will be followed by one concerning the Professional Preparation of the Teachers of the State, and its Relation to the State Teacher Training Institutions. Both are indirectly the outgrowth of the State-wide School Survey made in 1923-24.
FOREWORD.
It is appropriate that there be set forth the motives which have prompted this study.
Early in the year 1924, a group of men interested in the educational advancement of the state, discussed various ways in which they might be of peculiar service to it. It was agreed that a most needed step would be the development of some organization which would give its efforts to research on the problems in connection with the state's educational program, and, likewise, to formulate possible solutions which might be derived from such studies. Its purpose must, therefore, be one designed to help, and in no wise, to dictate. The organization was made under the name of the State Council of Education. It has held to its purpose, and the study herewith presented is the first of a series already planned and under way. The others are:
The County Unit Plan of Administration.
The Certification of Teachers in the State.
The Professional Preparation of Teachers in the State.
The reader should understand that it is the purpose of these studies (1), to discover the facts, and (2), set up possible solutions to the problems inhering in them. It is believed that if the attention of the thoughtful people of the state can once be focused on the problems as they herein appear, public sentiment will speedily crystalize into such form as to make remedial measures imperative.
The author wishes to acknowledge his indebtedness to his colleague, Mr. Franklin C. Chillrud, who has been of constant aid in the laborious task of making the calculations organized in the Tables, and the computations in connection with them. Without his help the undertaking would have been greatly prolonged.
The Materials of this Study are organized around three large Problems, as follows:
Parti. The State's Concern: The Economic Basis of its Publie Schools.
Part II. Conditions which a Progressive Program will Remedy.
Part III. Basic Problems and Possible Solutions.
PARTI. THE STATE'S CONCERN: THE ECONOMIC BASIS OF ITS PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
SOURCES AND VALIDITY OF THE DATA.
The value of the facts as hereinafter presented is clearly a function of the validity of the materials utilized as their sources. In preparing this report, the writer has been fully conscious of its shortcomings in that accurate and carefully compiled data has not been available, as source material. This statement is not derogatory in any way of the officials or the departments from whose reports our tables have been derived. It is only a way of saying that up to this time at least, the machinery of the state has not been so developed as to make possible the obtaining of highly accurate data. However, even though one admits that much of the material may not be accurate, it is quite likely that errors occur in one direction to just about as great an extent as in the other, and that on the whole, they present with a fair degree of accuracy a typical picture for each county as well as for the state as a whole.
There is given below the sources of the materials which have been used in this study:
Population^of Counties. U. S. Census Report, 1920.
Assessed Valuation of Counties. Report of the State Tax Commissioner, 1923.
State Compendium of Georgia, Bu. of Census, 1924.
Pupil Population. Report State School Census, 1923.
Number of Teachers and Pupils. The report of the State Department as Presented in the "State School Items."
The Number of Black Teachers and Pupils. State Superintendent's Report of 1922.
School Expenditures. The Report of the State Superintendent as given in "State School Items, March 31, 1924."
Certain comments will be made with respect to each of these reports, in connection with problems arising out of them as discussed in the pages to follow. /
THE FUNCTION OF EDUCATION WITHIN A STATE.
Education is peculiarly a function of the state. Although this conception has not been universally accepted throughout the history of state and national development, nevertheless there has been for years past a certain increase in the universality of its acceptance. Nor has there been any uniformity with respect to the degree with which the principle has been accepted by the various states in our union. There is, however, a marked agreement at the present time. The very idea of universal education has been centuries in unfolding its expression. There have always been those who objected to it, either because they have seen in it certain political dangers, or supposedly economic wastes, or the certainty of burdensome taxation. Because of the expense involved, the right of the parent to educate or not to educate a child was for centuries held inviolate, and it is the old notion of the personal responsibility of parents for the education of their children, which is today, in the minds of many, a hindrance to their acceptance of the idea that the state is responsible for the education of its children.
The development of education on a universal scale has taken place along with many other social and economic reforms. No great social institution can live by and for itself. The development of the principles of democracy has manifested a profound influence upon education and particularly upon the doctrine that in a democracy, educational opportunities must exist for all. This idea, as suggested, has been slow in development and halting in its progress. The earliest incentives for universal education are found in the beliefs of the churches, following the Reformation, that all children should learn to read in order that they might read the Bible. For many years, the church not only developed, but supervised the schools, even though supported by the state. There came a time, however, when it was obvious that the best interests of both demanded a separation of church and state, and the latter fell heir to the school. But this new relationship too, has been slow in developing to a point at which either one or both has been most completely and fully benefited. There is need that the citizens of a state realize what are the obligations of the state, so that as a result the state shall in turn recognize its obligation to its people. It is a mutual and retro-active relationship which is most significant.
Fundamentally, then, authority for the maintenance and development of schools is derived from the state. Our Federal Constitution makes no mention of education, but in the Constitution of every state there is assumed the responsibility for it. Even so, local communities are not, as a result, to be deprived of the privilege of initiating and maintaining schools of types acceptable to them, provided only the
state be satisfied. There is need, however, that such communities rec ognize the fact that their rights and privileges in their development of educational institutions are derived directly from the state. They need to understand that the officers whom they have appointed to control and administer the affairs of their schools, are, when in executive session, officers of the state; because from the state is all of their authority derived. A public school in session is a state institution. By legal enactment its teachers and administrative officers are servants of the state. They are not employes of the local Board of Education only, nor are they, serving the local community alone. In a large and imperious sense they are representatives of the state and act as its servants in the services they render. It is because people see the public schools in too small and narrow a relationship, that they fail so frequently to realize their significance. Against this conception of the relations between the state and its schools is the ancient doctrine of individual rights showing itself in the contention that the parent may do with the child as he likes; that he and he alone is responsible for his education. It is accountable too, for the frequently expressed conviction that one is not accountable for the education of his neighbor's children. Such convictions are very old and at a certain period were generally accepted. But democracy demands otherwise. For its safety and perpetuation it recognizes the fact that every citizen must be concerned with the welfare of the whole group, and not of a part only; that every child as a junior citizen, is of great concern because his life shall either contribute to or subtract from the sum-total of happiness, efficiency and well-being of the whole. There can be no living unto one's self. Democracy thrives only when men learn self-control, self-direction, and a willingness to co-operate for the common good. Every child is of concern to the state. His education is of paramount importance.
Its educational system is a fair index of the economic and social development of a state. It is to be recognized that the two processes of economic and social development are intimately related and that the school is an outgrowth of both; that a school cannot exist without adequate support, and that such support will not be given unless society realizes the desirableness or necessity of maintaining it as a means of meeting obvious needs, and correcting evident defects. It is essentially a question as to how fully have been appreciated the relation which good schools bear to social and economic progress, and to what extent the resources and efforts available for the purpose have been turned toward their development. It is important that its citizens have come to a realization of the fact that if the state is indifferent to its duty of providing adequately for the education of its children, it is failing in one of its major obligations; that if its citizens be calous or indifferent to the rights of every child to share in the rich social, intellectual, and spiritual inheritance of his time, they are failing in their largest duty. It is admitted, furthermore, that the ability of a state to provide adequate and effective educa-
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tic-nal opportunities for its children is a function of its economic development Differences as between the states in the union are many. These differences, however, are differences in degree and not in kind Throughout the nation states are turning their attention, as never before, to the development of effective school systems. They are realizing that no greater asset may be developed, and no element of reputation be more significant than that for the possession of good schools A state s progress toward a complete realization of its obligations and toward the development of an effective public school system, is indicative of its development.
In a democracy, universal education is indispensable. There are those who contend that the idea of educating every child is impracticable and useless; that only a few need education; or that little will suffice. This view, however, is narrow and short-sighted. It fails to take into account the very conditions upon which the continuation of our form of social organization rests. In a democracy, universal education is not a matter of expediency, but rather of necessity. It is not a question primarily of how much it will cost to have it but rather what it shall cost not to have it.
It is necessary because it supplies to its people a common body of ideas and experiences. In an effective democratic form of social organization, men need to co-operate for the common good; they need to be enabled to formulate their problems in common terms and to interpret them against a common background of ideas, and so far as is possible, bring to their solution a common body of experiences. Herein is the greatest contribution of the public school. In it the oncoming waves of our young citizens obtain ideas of their common ancestry, and the struggles through which their state and nation have come; of the dangers encountered and passed; the failures made, and the successes achieved. The price of our rights and liberties are evaluated m it, and a common vocabulary of the great words in our language are learned: Justice, Righteousness, Truth, Beauty, Goodness. In it, children face the common tasks of learning self-control and cooperation. They maintain the life of the school. In it, are transmitted the experiences of other nations than our own. In it, are got the vicarious contacts with other lands and other peoples, of other times and other places, which give to life a larger vision and a nobler outlook. AU these are the very basis of effective living in a democracy.
It stimulates common ideals and attitudes. Those things which one regards as of great worth, serve as ideals. They are the objects of effort and desire, of striving and struggle. Some change with the shifting of experience while others abide. But they direct attention, hold it constant, and give purpose and meaning to what is done. Thev are the products of all of one's experiences, but are profoundly influIZt ^v,?.?11 development by example, instruction, and acquaintZllZZV great oharacters of "story. Ideals may thus become established as significant guides in the intellectual, social and spiritu-
7
al relations of life. Along with them is sure also to be engendered certain ways of viewing or regarding such problems and relations as one encounters, and of feeling and behaving with respect to them. These ways of thinking or feeling, are, like ideals, the result of all of one's experiences, but like them also, are profoundly influenced by example, instruction, and the ideas obtained through a knowledge of the experience of others. They are manifested as prejudices and attitudes, or ways of feeling, thinking, or judging, in the situations of life. Such qualities as open-mindedness, tolerance, kindliness, cooperativeness, or a sense of duty or obligation to understand and meet the social, political, or economic problems of one's time are manifestations of their operation. They are capable of modification and are, therefore, like ideals, legitimately regarded as products of the school. They are tremendous forces in life--the very well springs of behavior--ideas of acting which are lifted into a position of significance and surrounded with a warmth of feeling which gives them a distinct glow. Big, dominating ideals of life, and a readiness to attend to them, and the habit of facing one's self constantly toward them are forces of great significance. Ideals of self-control, of service, cooperation, of regard for the rights of others, and the attitudes of helpfulness, kindliness and self-control, are ultimate outcomes of a good school. They are also the basis of that form of social organization for which a democracy stands, and on the universality of these ideals and attitudes must it ultimately rest. The school as one of society's major institutions, may be held legitimately accountable for their development.
It develops standards of judgment. Every citizen must form judgments. He must review and evaluate proposed legislation; he must pass upon the platforms of political candidates; he must determine for himself the validity of local reforms and the wisdom of the manner of their execution. In his own home and in his own business and social relations, he is constantly confronted with alternative procedures so that choices must be made--judgments executed. The unlettered man beholds bis problems as through a glass, darkly; they are projected against a background of limited values since only his own individual and narrow experiences contribute to it. The lettered man, on the contrary, sees his as reflected from a wealth of racial experiences summed up in the great teachings of history, and in the large and creative general principle of science, philosophy, and the arts. These are the safest guides since they represent the accumulated experiences and the wisdom of centuries of living, and of numberless lives. The difference is striking. The one feels his helplessness in the absence of a reliable guide, and chooses at random, or under stress from another. The other pushes boldly forward in the assurance that his choice is determined by the most reliable standards man knows. A common body of standards, if valid, thus serves mightily to give to society a conspicuous solidarity, and at the same time provides a possibility for progressive change, and the means for
the correction of social and other evils, otherwise impossible. Then too, through its provision for vicarious contacts with other lands, and other peoples, with other forms of political and social organizations and other ways of evaluating life, greater significance is given to those which are peculiarly the possession of one's own land. These knowledges are organized into standards with peculiar values inhering in them. Comparisons, judgments and choices are, therefore, made with greater certainty and assurance. The school may be expected to furnish the means, and guide the young citizen in his world-quest for knowledge and experience, and in organizing them into effective standards of judgment.
It affords training in the control of natural forces. In the last few centries man has made conquest over Nature to an extent never before known. He has harnessed its energies and turned them to account. He has tamed the creatures of the wild, and made them contribute to this welfare. He has vanquished many of the living things, detrimental to his being. He has found sources of power undreamed. He has cut through mountains and joined sea to sea. He is rapidly remaking the face of the earth, and gaining control of energies as yet but dimly sensed. It is only because of this mastery, and the skills thereout grown, that civilization as now known, can at all exist. Effective living and effective participation in society's various activities, and the ability to maintain at a wholesome level one's relations to his home, and to his community, demands an acquaintance with these great principles, and the willingness to be controlled by them. It is essential that one know the sources of the energies consumed, and the means for its transformation; the values of natural resources, and their conservation; the principles of hygiene, both public and private; the vast and increasing number of agencies which are contributing to man's welfare. Likewise is of importance, the relation of scientific principles to the effective utilization of raw materials and their transformation into finished products. Manufacturing, transportation, commerce, in all their varying relations, depend upon the application of the principles of science as the basis of man's control over Nature. The school may rightfully be expected to reveal their significance and create those stimulations which shall lead to a mastery over them as instruments of human welfare.
It emphasizes relative values in life's relations. Primitive man expends his energies in providing himself with food, clothing and shelter; but even so, there are manifested in his life, the beginnings of other relations which seek their satisfaction on higher levels. Throughout the centuries of his development, man has gradually but surely added to the sources of these satisfactions through knowledge and understanding of relations other than the purely material. The experiences of the school serves to emphasize these relations. They show how men have lived; how they have striven for the sake of those things which they have regarded as true; how they have labored to give expression to those things which they have thought beautiful;
9
and how they have struggled in their efforts to organize life in conformity with their conceptions of the good. It is only as men come to realize the significance of these higher relations that they rise into a level of existence dominated by the highest motives. To the school then, we may look for the establishment of those understandings which give significance to these relations. Out of it should come a love for the true, and zeal for expression in the beautiful, and an incentive toward the pursuit of the good. In the school, through example, understanding and inspiration, should the pupil come to the realizing sense of the relative values of life's relations and acquire the ability to find in them the sources of his deepest satisfaction.
Because it serves to supply common ideas, stimulates ideals and attitudes, develops standards for judgments, supplies a training in the control of natural forces, and emphasizes relative values in life's relations, the work of the school serves mightily to stabilize society. The state, therefore, must be profoundly interested in the school. Its very existence depends upon the school. It is this mutual relation or interaction as between the school and society, and society and its schools, which finds an expression in the state's responsibility for the education of its youth. Ignorance and superstition go hand in hand. Both are the sources of profound danger. In the absence of adequate standards, sound judgments, and the abilty to discriminate sharply, clear thinking is wanting. The ignorant and superstitious are easily led by the unscrupulous demagogue or selfish reformer. The foundation of the state, therefore, rests upon the school and what it does. The school, consequently, recreates society in each generation. In the school society finds the means for meeting its own social needs and correcting its own defects, as well as handing on its accumulated experiences. The school, as a result, must and does, not only provide for the present needs of society, but also makes provision for progress. This, it accomplishes through the establishment of ideals and attitudes, knowledges and skills, and standards of judgment; the setting up of modes of behavior projected against the scale of values in such a way as to enable new relations to take on significance. In the school, therefore, the state finds its foundations and through it gives expression to its own ideals.
These outcomes cannot be measured in terms of material gain nor fully described in words. They are too large and affect the spirit too deeply. It is not a question as to whether or not adequate and effective educational opportunities pay, but it is fundamentally a question as to whether or not our form of political and social organization can long exist without them. We can only say that history teaches us clearly that, in their absence, certain consequences are altogether likely to follow. To the development of good schools must the state dedicate itself whole-heartedly, if it is to realize its largest opportunities in the development of socially significant human relations.
10
It follows from the above that the educational system within the state must, itself, conform to the demands of a socially democratic organization; it must be administered according to democratic ideals and in such a way as to stimulate democratic attitudes, and in thorough conformity with democratic principles. The state cannot, therefore, maintain toward a school within its border an attitude of autocratic control. It must, itself, exemplify the virtues which it hopes, through its own instruments, to develop.
One of the fundamental principles of democracy is equality of opportunity. Democracy is founded, not on social equality or even intellectual equality, but rather upon an equality of opportunity. Every child in every locality must have an equal opportunity with every other child. One of the most significant opportunities is that for an education. Every child has a right to those fundamental experiences, and the acquisition of the basal skills, and contacts with those signicant experiences of the race which may enable him to adjust himself to the demands of a highly complicated social order. Otherwise he is checkmated at the start. From the viewpoint, therefore, of the personal right of the child, and, likewise from the interest of the state, every child must be supplied with an opportunity for these basal experiences, and fundamentally developing and stimulating opportunities. The state, therefore, must be prepared to supply equal educational opportunities to its children.
11
IS EQUALIZATION A SIGNIFICANT STATE PROBLEM?
IS THE STATE'S EFFORT TO EQUALIZE EDUCATIONAL
OPPORTUNITIES NEEDFUL?
There are wide divergencies within the state with respect to,
(a) Length of school term.
(b) Quality of teachers. (c) The school plant.
(d) Equipment. These differences are so great as to presentJaTmost significant problem for the consideration of all public-spirited men and women interested in their own state. School terms vary from four to nine months; teachers, from the immature and entirely untrained, to those who are most highly prepared professionally; school pants from mere hovels to those with marble halls; the equipment from nothing, to the most elaborate.
Now, these conditions exist in a large measure because of differing abilities to support schools. There is a very wide range with respect to the amount of wealth back of each teacher, or back of each pupil, assessments on which must, for the most part, pay for the edu.cational opportunities provided. There are differences also with respect to the ideals which are set up for the schools. There are wide differences likewise as to what is expected from the schools. These differences are so profound and far-reaching as very greatly to modify the character of the school problem. It would seem the part of wisdom to set for each locality a minimum school standard and a minimum educational opportunity, which would represent the very least upon which society could adequately rest its demands; and if this be done, the state in a large measure must assume the responsibility for doing it.
Since the obligation for the education of its children rests upon the state, it must seek in a spirit of justice, and for its own sake, therefore, to provide relatively equal opportunities for all its children. Every child must be recognized as having equal right with every other child. If the state, however, is to preserve and encourage a form of social control which is essentially democratic, it must grant to every community the right to develop schools as far beyond a minimum as it may desire. It must recognize local initiative and desire to provide adequate educational opportunities. Not only so, but it must stimulate local communities in such a way as that they shall find expression of their convictions in the establishment of good schools, adequate equipment, well-trained teachers and a sufficient school term. Furthermore, it must recognize differences in ability to pay for these services. So wide is the range of assessed values as between the different communities within the state, that the capacity to develop and adequately finance effective educational institutions, is made impossible in the one case and easily accomplished in the other. It is essential that
12
the state make recognition of these differences. Then too, it is incumbent upon the state once it sets out upon a program of educational advancement and development, and once it has set up for itself certain significant objectives, to provide adequate machinery for making realizations of those plans possible. It is quite useless to legislate certain standards without, at the same time, providing means whereby they may be realized.
What, now, should the state set up as its goal? If an adequate educational program is to be projected and consideration given to the very least educational opportunity with which every child should be provided, the following would seem to be legitimate objectives:
1. A minimum school term of eight months.
2. A compulsory educational period including the years from six to fifteen.
3. Professionally trained teachers and administrators.
4. Adequate school plants. 5. Adequate equipment.
6. Locally adopted curricula and school program.
7. Secondary school opportunities for all.
8. Higher institutions adequately developed and financed, to meet the professional and cultural needs.
These standards or objectives may be, by some, regarded as too high or too difficult of attainment. To such an one the reply might be made that there are many states in our Union that have already attained these standards in an effective functional way, and further, that a great majority of the states have set up such objectives, and are framing their educational legislation in such a manner as constantly to look forward to their realization.
To set up objectives, such as have been described, does not imply that they are to be gained immediately. It is essential for any progressive legislation that there be placed ahead a significant goal, toward which all legislation should tend. It is altogether likely that the realization of a program, such as intimated above, would demand progressive legislation over a period of years. The educational area, which is covered by them or by their implication, is very vast and involves a wide range of educational organization and covers the whole gamut of educational development. To regard these objectives as too difficult or too high or unworthy, is to take a short-sighted view of the whole problem of education within the state. If the purposes of education are realized, the objectives which have been set forth must in large measure obtain. There must be adequate school terms; there must be well trained teachers, supervisors and administrators; there must be an adequate school plant with a modern curriculum and equipment adapted to its needs. It is not fundamentally a question of monetary cost, but rather it is a question of how great shall be the lack and the needs, should they not be realized. In the pages to follow, occasion will be found to discuss some of these objectives more in detail.
13
THE RELATION OF PROPERTY VALUES TO THE NEEDS
FOR LARGER STATE SUPPORT OF ITS SCHOOLS.
In Georgia, as in most states, the County is a political unit, within which there is elected by popular vote, a County Superintendent, and a County Board of Education is appointed by the Grand Jury. Upon these officers rest the responsibility for determining the policies, the expenditures of money, as well as the general conduct and organization of the schools within its borders, such as are not included in lesser units to which corporate authority has been granted for an independent maintenance of schools. By a referendum vote, the county may become the unit for school organization outside of its incorporated or independent districts. Upon the recommendation of the Board of Education, under such circumstances, taxes for the support of schools may be imposed for not less than one or more than five mills on the dollar,. and on all taxable property of the county outside of the independent local systems. An additional levy of five mills may, by a referendum vote, be imposed. Likewise, any local independent unit may, by a popular vote, impose upon itself a tax in order to carryout its own plans and policies for its own schools. Under any conditions, in addition to the sums of money so raised, the county, as well as its independent systems, receives also from the state a pro-rated sum for each of its children of school age (6 to 18 years.)
It is clear from the above that the amount of money received from the state is a somewhat constant sum determined by the population of the county. No matter, therefore, how great may be the ambitions of the county for the development of good schools, save in cases to be noted below, the amount of money received from the state remains essentially unchanged. It is apparent, therefore, that the ability of the county to carry out a program of progressive educational development, is at once, and almost completely, a function of its material resources, from which, through taxation, the necessary funds may be obtained. This means then, that under the present system of taxation, the measure of the ability of the county to support its schools may be found in its assessed valuation. This point will be developed in greater detail in the pages to follow. All of which is but another way of saying that the amount of material wealth within a county constitutes, at the present time, the only source from which by means of a direct tax, the county may increase to a point at which it becomes sufficient to carry on in an effective manner the activities of its schools, the funds received from the state.
As has been suggested before, there is a very wide range of assessed values among the counties of the state. Indeed, until one investigates the matter he may be quite oblivious to the extent of these differences. In order to make this point perfectly clear, the reader is referred to Table I, in which the counties of the state are ranked on the basis of their assessed valuation. It will be noted that the county
14
with the largest assessed value is placed at the head of the list, and the one with the least assessed value, at its foot; while the others are ranked in between according to their relative position. At the right in the table is given the ranking of each county when arranged in the manner above described. Thus Fulton County ranks first, Chatham second, Bibb third, etc., while Quitman ranks one hundred and sixtieth.
These differences in assessed valuation as they exist among the counties of the state are of significance in connection with the development and maintenance of schools. It is very apparent that the wealth of the state is highly localized in a few counties. The values as exhibited in the ten counties at the head of the list in Table 1, constitute 46% of the total assessed value of the state. This means that approximately one-half the wealth of the state is found in ten counties. Similarly, the total assessed values of the ten counties at the lower end of the table constitute less than one per cent of the total assessed value of the state. It is apparent, of course, that this concentration of wealth is due to the development of the larger cities of the state. In each of the counties heading the list there is found a city of considerable size and wealth. The counties with the low valuations are quite entirely rural, or at the most, possessed of small villages or hamlets. A further fact of significance in connection with this phase of the problem is that during the last few years there has been a rapid increase in the growth of the cities, accompanied by a decrease in the assessed values of properties in the open country, We shall have occasion to refer further to this fact in paragraphs to follow.
The ability of a community to develop and support its schools on an effective level is obviously dependent upon its wealth as a source of funds with which to do so. Even though, as has been pointed out, considerable money be got from the state, such sums as are now received are quite universally inadequate to meet modern educational demands. These differences in assessed values, therefore, become significant. Assume, for example, a uniform tax of five mills to be imposed for the purpose of supporting schools. Assume the per capita expenditure for each child of school age to be a measure of the community's ability to support its schools on such a basis. We find, by way of such illustration, that Fulton County could spend $19.50, while Coffee County would spend $1.96; Muscogee would spend $13.60, while Towns would have but $3.00; Chatham would spend $12.14; while Bentley County would have $3.60. Other equally wide differences are at once apparent. It is clear, then, that those points in the state at which wealth has been concentrated possess an overwhelming advantage over those other districts in which open-country conditions prevail with a consequent scattered wealth.
Another point needs to be made in connection with this discussion. Assessed values, per se, are not necessarily to be considered as criteria of the ability of the property assessed to contribute in the form of taxes to the support of public institutions. Such ability is
15
Table 1. The Counties of the State ranked in the order of their Assessed Valuations.
Fulton
$203 ,990,265 1) Walton
4 ,751 ,743
Chatham
56 ,203,995 2) Dooly
4 ,737 ,542
Bibb
46 ,978,355 3) Upson
4 ,592 ,498
Richmond
41 ,127,330 4) Coffee
4 ,565 ,765
Muscogee
38 ,233,520 5) Tift
4 ,554 ,671
DeKalb
23 .275,715 6) Grady
4 ,422 ,966
Clarke
18 ,966,220 6) Telfair
4 ,404 ,660
Floyd
18 ,293,360 8) Toombs
4 ,377 ,931
Dougherty
12 ,925,013 9) Terrell
4 ,350 ,820
Troup
12 ,456,571 10) Screven
4 ,361 ,787
Thomas Lowndes
11 ,938,586 11) Chattooga 11 ,916,828 12) Gordon
4 ,287 ,724 4 ,204 ,483
Laurens
10 ,978,335 13) Morgan
4 ,101 ,825
Cobb
10 ,001,875 14) Macon
4 ,064 ,253
Glynn
9 ,770,205 15) Wayne
_._ 4 ,048 ,287
Sumter
9 ,339,778 16) Ben Hill
4 ,043 ,387
Hall
9 ,058,887 17) Oglethorpe
4 ,014 ,622
Ware
8 ,778,623 18) Tattnall
3 ,989 ,180
Coweta
8 ,470,838 19) Berrien
3 ,963 ,657
Burke
8 ,318,674 20) Monroe
3 ,913 ,057
Colquitt
7 ,719,283 21) Greene
3 ,886 ,255
Bulloch
7 ,708,388 22) Baldwin
3 ,868 ,519
Carroll
7 ,702,570 23) Henry
3 ,847 ,706
Spalding
7 ,525,635 24) Appling
3 ,757 ,104
Decatur___ ... 7 ,391,494 25) Randolph
3 ,568 ,615
Polk
... 7 ,314,368 26) Franklin
3 ,476 ,072
Brooks
... 7 ,228,663 27) Wilcox
3 ,400 ,360
Bartow
... 7 ,226,286 28) Stewart
3 ,386 ,050
Walker
... 7 ,055,949 29) Pulaski
3 ,339 ,185
Whitfield.. ... 6 ,747,005 30) Campbell
3 ,247 ,808
Gwinnett. ... 6 ,734,711 3D Habersham
3 ,226 ,294
Mitchell... ... 6 ,400,324 32) Effihgham
3 ,178 ,619
Cherokee. ... 6 ,146,204 33) Haralson.
,073 ,385
Washington
6 ,100,462 34) Barrow...
,061 ,772
Houston
5 ,966,956 35) Hancock.
,055 ,393
Dodge
5 ,810,979 36) Pierce
,048 ,160
Wilkes
5 ,586,325 37) Madison..
,031 ,471
Jefferson
5 ,452,400 38) Lamar
,022 ,616
Merriwether
5 ,389,475 39) Turner...
,016 ,938
Emanuel
5 ,351,825 40) Cook
,974 ,689
Early
5 ,287,840 41) Hart
,917 ,191
Jackson
5 ,276,670 42) Irwin
,889 ,599
Crisp
5 ,207,578 43) Harris
,845 ,007
Elbert
5 ,024,871 44) Bleckley..
,838 ,909
Newton
5 ,008,383 45) Jenkins. .
,828 ,043
Worth
4 ,977,501 46) Johnson.
,650 ,875
16
Table l.The Counties of the State ranked in the order of their Assessed Valuations.
Camden McDuffie Stephens Wilkinson Murray Douglas Clinch Lee Calhoun Clayton Putnam_ Taylor Rockdale Seminole Jasper Paulding Pike___ Fannin^_ ..Warren Oeonee Butts Wheeler Liberty Talbot Miller
Catoosa Candler Jones Bacon Columbia Forsyth Jeff Davis Montgomery. Crawford Pickens Atkinson Marion
2, 566,557 ( 93) 2,,562,292 ( 94) 2 ,550,886 ( 95) 2 ,509,848 ( 96) 2 ,444,444 ( 97) 2 ,377,421 ( 98) 2 ,363,623 ( 99) 2 ,358,360 (100) 2 ,341,165 (101) 2 ,328,004 (102) 2 ,295,592 (103) 2 ,269,846 (104) 2 ,255,861 (105) 2 ,235,656 (106) 2 ,229,410 (107) 2 ,226,757 (108) 2 ,214,609 (109) 2 ,190,190 (110) 2 ,162,193 (111) 2 ,155,593 (112) 2 ,153,406 (113) 2 ,143,840 (114) 2 ,137,095 (115) 2 ,041,956 (116)
,032,252 (117)
,015,686 (118)
,966,251 (119) ,937,122 (120) ,918,423 (121) ,912,000 (122)
,899,421 (123) ,822,702 (124)
,800,000 (125) ,799,535 (126) ,787,879 (127)
,741,251 (128) ,708,370 (129)
Charlton Treutlen Fayette Banks Twiggs Evans Dade Bryan Clay Baker Brantley Lincoln Long Taliaferro Raburn Gilmer Schley Lanier White Heard Lumpkin Milton Webster Mclntosh Union Echols Towns Glascock Chattahoochee_ Dawson Quitman
Median Mean (average). Ql Q3
1,689,522 (130) 1,681,049 (131) 1,676,795 (132) 1,652,431 (133) 1,64,6821 (134) 1,644,700 (135) 1,634,031 (136) 1,622,321 (137) 1,591,127 (138) 1,587,087 (139) 1,572,702 (140) 1,564,913 (141) 1,555,417 (142) 1,533,315 (143) 1,525,509 (144) 1,523,632 (145) 1,499,203 (146) 1,479,500 (147) 1,459,511 (148) 1,434,241 (149) 1,374,986 (150) 1,365,275 (151) 1,329,653 (152) 1,289,876 (153)
947,733 (154) 866,619 (155) 779,744 (156) 765,960 (157) 714,693 (158) 645,917 (159) 627,058 (160)
83,051,776.00 6,404,035.00 1,927,772.50 5,319,823.50
dependent on the earning capacity and not upon assessed valuations. It is commonplace to say that changes in assessed values are made but slowly, whereas changes in earning capacities take place rapidly. The persistent imposition of high taxes on properties of low earning capacity is virtually a process of confiscation since eventually they will pass into the custody of the state. For some years past the earning capacity of agricultural lands has been very low. As a result, neither the rural district, nor the state, can hope by the placement of taxes
17
-303,9?6,a6S"
Si
it fi ft
it ti
J 10-
r.
3d
31Jo
as-
JU S 21 jo /I
/<
II II IC
r
6
V
.27
Diagram 1. Showing the Assessed valuation of the Counties of the State. It is to be read as f ollows: There are 7 counties with values less than $1,000,000.00; 8 between $1,000,000.00 and $1,500,000.00; 27 between $1,500,000.00 and $2,500,000.00, etc.
upon them, to obtain sufficient revenue adequately to support the needed schools in the rural areas. The concentration of wealth in the cities, on the other hand, with large industrial corporations, and with heavy deposits of savings in banks, bonds, stocks, and the like, make possible the realization of large sums through the operation of a relatively low tax rate. Even though agricultural values were to increase, still, on the whole, values in the urban centers are likely to exhibit a corresponding rise, since the larger earning power in the one is reflected in the stimulated industrial activities of the other. Furthermore, the average earning power of industrial organizations is considerably greater, on the capital invested, than is that of agricultural lands. In addition, in the cities are to be found those individuals and estates where incomes are largely from stocks, bonds, and certificates of indebetedness, some of which are tax-free, and others easily escape taxation. It is due to this fact that, at the present time, so much emphasis is being laid upon income from property as a basis of taxation, rather than upon its assessed valuation. But even assuming assessed values to be the bases of tax income, there is still another point which deserves consideration. Before property may rightfully be regarded as legitimately the object of taxation, it ought to contribute to its possessor a margin of income sufficient to repay the investment in the property and compensate him for his labor thereon expended, according to the standard of 'living commensurate with our social development. In short, there is a point below which taxation is destructive of our social standards and above which it becomes thoroughly legitimate. Again, on this basis, one is confronted with the contention so often now made, that incomes should be made the basis for taxation. It is not the purpose of this paper to discuss the problems or technique of public taxation. The facts cited, however, furnish abundant justification for giving attention to the ability of
each county to pay for the support of those institutions which are of
prime importance to the state as a whole.
Undoubtedly some one will criticize the validity of the valuations as expressed in the figures of the table. The State Tax Commissioner is responsible for the belief that the values as given are relatively uniform and correct. It is not contended that the figures represent actual values, but only a fraction thereof--probably somewhere between thirty-five and fifty per cent. This fact, however, does not change in any way the relative standing of the counties nor their relative ability to pay. Even though the assessed values were to be raised to a point at which they would represent one hundred per cent of the true value, still, the rank of a given county would remain the same. Such a procedure would affect obviously the income derived by the imposition of a given rate of taxation and would mean that certain counties clearly are far more able to pay than are certain others. That, however, is
the very point which we are trying to establish.
We may press this point even further. The process of concentrating wealth in the more populus centers has been taking place rapid-
19
ly within the last two decades. It is not confined to the State of Georgia alone. It is but an expression of a movement which apparently is destined very profoundly to modify our whole social, industrial and economic organization. Georgia is not known as a highly industralized state; nevertheless, between the years 1900 and 1920 the portion of its population dwelling in towns of 2500 or over, increased from fifteen to twenty-five per cent. This relationship is shown in Diagram 2. A similar tendency is exhibited through the fact that the number of towns with a population of 2,500 to 5,000 increased from twenty-two to thirty three during the decade 1910 to 1920. This is shown graphically in Diagram 3. At the same time there has been a most significant increase in the population of the larger cities of the state. The five largest cities Atlanta, Savannah, Augusta, Columbus and Macon-- during the decade from 1910 to 1920, increased their population between thirty and fifty per cent. The relative percentage increases are shown in Diagram 4. Since 1920 the process has been going on even more rapidly. It will be noted that there has been a more or less uniform increase in connection with four of these cities, while Columbus has experienced a growth more rapid than the others.
Now, the influx into the cities has been accompanied apparently by a corresponding decrease in the small-town population. According to the TJ. S. census report of 1920, the increase in total population of the state between 1910 and 1920, was eleven per cent. Of the 490 incorporated towns, in this decade, 244 show an increase in population, and 146 a decrease; of those with a population of 500 or less, twentyeight per cent show a decrease; of those with 500 to 1,000, thirty-six per cent suffered a decrease; of those between 1,000 and 2,000, twentyone per cent underwent a decrease, and of those with 3,000 or over, ten per cent exhibit a decrease. The evidence is conclusive that the large towns of the state have grown at the expense of the smaller places and undoubtedly also the open country.
These facts become most significant in connection with our problem. It is perfectly apparent that the drift is distinctly toward the more populous centers. The causes for this movement need no explanation. The rapid and almost complete falling off in the earning power of the land has compelled men to seek the city in order that a livelihood might be had. The superior social and recreational advantages of the city still manifest a powerful appeal to the dweller in the country. These, together with the larger opportunities for earning, have undoubtedly been the causes which not only in recent years, but formerly, have operated to swell the number of inhabitants in the urban centers. Nor is it likely that this tendency will be greatly modified in the future. It will be of little avail to us to bewail the constantly increasing number of urban dwellers, nor to attempt to stem the movement by exalting the life in the open country, so long as the latter shall fail to furnish a standard of living which can compete with that of the city.
20
1920
1910
1900
~5# 10# 15? 20# 25^ Diagram 2. Showing the increase in the Percentage of the Population of the State dwelling in towns of 2,500 or over between' the years 1900 and 1920
Number 302010-
2,500 tO 5,000 5,000 to 10,000
1900
1910
1920
Diagram 3. Showing the increase in the number of towns of 2,500 to 5,000 population between 1900 and 1920
21
Columbus
Ma con
Atlanta
Augusta
Savannah
10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Diagram 4. Showing the percentage increase in the Population of five Cities of the State in the decade 1910 to 1920
The movement is undoubtedly'significant in that it presages the ultimate development of a nation highly industrialized. It is useless, of course, for one to attempt to predict or prophesy on the basis of the present alone. One never knows what profound discovery may operate greatly to change man's social organization. Already the industrial revolution has transformed the civilized world, and the end apparently is not yet in sight. Until, however, the open country shall yield up a standard of living commensurate with the investment in time, effort, and expense in the cultivation of the soil, we may confidently expect a continuation of the process of urbanization. Even assuming the return of agricultural prosperity through a larger realization on its investments, it is apparent that the commercial and industrial establishments would be favorably affected thereby so that values of properties in urban centers would appreciate proportionately. There are still in other continents unlimited opportunities for the production of food at the hands of cheap and unskilled labor. The power resources of the state, and indeed of the world, are but partially and imperfectly utilized at present. The evidence clearly points, therefore, to a still greater centralization of wealth in those centers wherein large industrial developments have taken place.
These facts need to be contemplated in connection with the eduucational development of the state. The time doubtless will not soon come when the resources of those counties, largely rural, can ever be such as adequately to make provision for the education of their
22
children on a level at all comparable with that made possible by the
much greater wealth of the urbanized communities. The problem of
equalization, therefore, is not a temporary one.
Promem of
T^TTMTM* ne6fS t0 be made concemlng certain facts exhibited in
i< S nl'i TM TM
^ bSerVe at the end of the table that ^ median
ereSer XL I
^T" that th6re aTe aS many cases with values
fllTl *ha* tlus as th6re Me With less- " is the ^ddle Point on the
Se Lt. ^r re' iS tyPlCal f the va^tions of the counties of
iss$66 ,404,0i35? .00. S'I,W t is eoTbfv:ioSuhsUthldabt ethcoemsPinargeled ^cotuhnttyheofavFeuralgtoen, ,wwhiicthh
a very large assessed valuation, significantly effects the average which
therefore may present a rather exaggerated picture of the counties
of the state. The median on the other hand, is not so effected and
as a result is a more typical representative of what is the true value
of the typical county. The first quartile (Ql) is the point on the se-
ries of measures below which one-fourth are found and above which
three-fourths are found. Similarly, the third quartile (Q3) is the point
on the series of measures above which one-fourth are found and below
which three-fourths are found. These measures in the table under
discussion are respectively, $1,927,722.50 and $5,319,823.50 Interpre-
tation of these figures would mean that fifty per cent of the valuations
of the counties lie between the above figures, whereas one-fourth
is less than the first and one-fourth greater than the second
23
ARE THE COUNTIES OF THE STATE EQUALLY ABLE TO
SUPPORT AND DEVELOP SCHOOLS.
There are a number of ways in which an analysis of our problem may be made, and several will be employed.
The ability of a county or of a community to support its schools, and to develop them on a standard commensurate with modern educational demands, is clearly a function of its wealth. This ability may be measured in terms of the amount of wealth back of each teacher employed. This amount may be called the "per teacher valuation." In many respects this unit of measure is more easily applied than any other. The number of teachers is easily determined; the valuation is readily obtained, and as a consequence the per teacher valuation is an amount, not only readily calculated, but its significance is easily understood. Equally valid would be the amount of money for each child in average daily attendance. This sum likewise would represent the county's ability to carry on. The school records of the state do not yield reliable figures concerning the number of children in average daily attendance in each county. Hence this method cannot now be used. In this study, therefore, reliance will need to be placed upon the former measure.
The per teacher valuation has been computed in two ways. In the first one, the number of white teachers alone was used as a divisor and in the second, the total number of teachers (white and black). It is very apparent from an inspection of the number of teachers of each class, that in many counties the differences in the results obtained in each of these two procedures would be very wide, while in others, much less change would result. The number of white teachers in each county is without doubt accurately given in the reports of the surveys of each county. We have not felt so certain concerning the number of black teachers. However, the number here employed is that given in the report of the State Superintendent for 1922.
The results of these procedures are exhibited in Table 2. Little comment is needed with respect to it. Attention needs to be directed, however, to the fact that there is here, as in the valuation of the counties, a very wide range of values.
Turning attention first to the valuations based on the number of white teachers alone, we find that the range is between $19,341.00 for Union County and $597,399.00 in the case of Muscogee County. This means that in the case of Union County, there is but $19,341 in taxable values for the support of each white teacher, whereas in Muscogee County, there is approximately thirty times that amount, or $597,399. Making a similar calculation, using the total number of teachers, we find the range considerably reduced, but still very wide. It is represented by $18,954.00 in the case of Union County, and $296,383.00 for Muscogee. These figures illustrate also the significant effect upon
24
Table 2. The Per Teacher Valuation for each County based on both the number of White Teachers and the Total (Black and White) number of Teachers. Counties ranked on these measures.
Appling Atkinson Bacon Baker Baldwin Banks Barrow Bartow Ben Hill Berrien Bibb Bleckley Brantley Brooks Bryan Bulloch Burke Butts Calhoun Camden Campbell Candler Carroll Catoosa Charlton Chatham Chattahoochee Chattooga Cherokee Clarke Clay Clayton Clinch Cobb Coffee Colquitt Columbia Cook
si
<D *J EH h ,= <p es
AH >
$73,670 37,853 46,791 66,161 66,700 29,008 41,357 60,052 63,177 43,083
187,110 52,572 33,340 75,300 47,715 51,040
126,040 43,950 63,274
106,940 61,280 39,325 38,515 49,187 51,198
209,305 64,972 51,043 45,090
177,254 72,324 55,428 60,606 57,814 41,133 45,407 49,141 38,130
14
oaM
..H a> .
a HslS-e-B *
A,
M AH * TM
33 $56,076.17 135 39,512.73 103 41,704.84 44 33,784.83 43 39,474.68 152 23,948.27 120 32,922.28 65 48,498.56 51 47,016.13 115 33,030.47
4 133,168.86 85 39,429.28 144 26,655.96 32 47,246.16 99 30,042.98 89 37,059.56 10 43,879*76 112 21,308.78 50 34,428.90 15 49,356.86 61 44,490.52 129 28,915.46 131 32,500.04 69 44,793.02 87 46,931.17 3 151,352.14 46 34,033.00 88 44,203.34 110 43,283.12 5 125,604.11 36 38,807.98 79 35,272.79 62 44,596.66 73 47,627.98 121 31,488.03 107 36,934.36 93 25,166.16 133 30,662.77
25
o
08
c
n"" Ao2 3
o a> O <D
o
A3 53 H
19 51 16 67
59 46 13 59
48 41
5 46
97 24 23 47
60 58 40 98
151 57 12 69
103 74 19 93
29 121 28 149
33 64 22 86
100 92 28 120
3 247 99 346
61 54 18 72
141 49 10 59
32 96 57 153
120 34 20 54
75 151 57 208
46 66 128. 194
158 49 20 69
92 37 31 68
27 24 28 52
42 53 20 73
129 50 18 68
105 200 37 237
40 41
4 45
34 33
3 36
2 269 103 372
94 11 10 21
43 84 13 97
44 137
5 142
5 102 49 151
63 22 19 41
82 42 24 66
39 39 14 53
31 173 37 210
110 111 34 145
76 170 39 209
148 39 37 76
117 78 19 97 '
Coweta Crawford.. Crisp Dade Dawson Decatur DeKalb Dodge Dooley Dougherty. Douglas Early Echols Effingham. Elbert Emanuel.-Evans.., Fannln Fayette Floyd Forsyth Franklin, __ Fulton Gilmer Glascock..Glynn Gordon Grady Green Gwinnett.. Habersham Hall Hancock,. _ Haralson__ Harris Hart Heard Henry
uo A
a
CO !- CD HP
H 3-a
fc > O
87,,330 62 ,050 62 ,750 56 ,345 23 ,920 78 ,590 122 ,390 48 ,860 63 ,170 235 ,000 42 ,970 72 ,420 36 ,940 46 ,750 55 ,220 40 ,855 38 ,250 23 ,300 33 ,535 98 ,405 25 ,668 37 ,785 157 ,965 24 ,180 30 ,640 171 ,410 40 ,430 44 ,230 63 ,710 38 ,050 27 ,425 57 ,700 55 ,553 39 ,400 60 ,530 30 ,390 25 ,611 42 ,282
U
MH .
H t5a 3- *o
G> ""3 *s --
>
19 56,851.26 57 34,606.44 53 45,679.98 77 52,710.67 158 23,922.85 27 52,052.77 11 102,536.99 102 33,016.91 52 36,725.13 2 123,095.36 116 34,455.38 35 49,419.07 140 27,706.84 104 34,550.20 80 30,827.43 123 28,928.78 132 29,369.64 159 23,054.64 143 26,199.92 17 78,512.27 155 25,667.88 136 30,491.86
7 130,679.20 157 23,806.75 147 25,532.00
6 113,607.03 126 38,222.57 111 33,007.21 49 35,011.31 134 33,340.15 154 27,111.71 74 51,180.15 78 27,038.87 128 34,148.73 63 29,635.49 148 24,309.92 156 19,381.63 117 29,149.29
26
o
a 1 2 CO CD
eg
CD
E->
a
"3
c3
O 9 O 0>
is H BZ5 H
o
EH
16 97 88 29 38 83 22 29 152 27 23 94 9 191 101 124 78 75 6 55 91 53 26 73 136 24 90 68 114 91 128 131 125 43 157 94 142 50 10 196 145 74 118 92
4 1292 154 63 146 25
7 57 68 104 102 100 84 61 99 177 137 144 25 157 138 55 93 78 124 47 149 96 159 56 126 91
52 149 23 52 31 114 2 31 0 27 48 142 36 227 52 176 54 129 50 105 16 69 34 107 8 32 24 92 72 163 54 185 13 56
1 95 14 64 37 233 0 74 22 114 269 1561 1 64 5 30 29 86 6 110 34 134 50 111 25 202 5 119 20 177 58 113 12 90 49 96 24 120 18 74 41 132
Houston Irwin Jackson Jasper Jeff Davis._ Jefferson... Jenkins Johnson Jones Lamar Larder Laurens Lee Liberty Lincoln Long Lowndes Lumpkin Macon Madison Marion McDuffie Mclhtosh... Meriwether. Miller Milton Mitchell Monroe Montgomery Morgan Murray Muscogee Newton Oconee Oglethorpe.. Paulding Pickens Pierce
oa ^
si
(k >
g
a PL, !e>S P. cMa
o
c3
a>
a
3TM -o3
H
3
OQ Oo
o
93,234 18 43,238.81 45 64 74 138
48,976 95 35,239.01 83 59 23 82
41,878 118 33,824.81 96 126 30 156
58,669 72 25,923.72 144 38 48 86
37,654 137 31,910.20 107 50
9 59
62,671 55 38,128.67 69 87 56 143
61,480 59 38,740.31 64 46 27 73
40,783 124 28,504.03 130 65 28 93
49,670 91 23,060.98 156 39 45 84
64,311 48 45,797.21 36 47 19 66
59,180 70 42,271.43 47 25 10 35
64,580 47 40,066.99 54 170 104 274
117,920 12 44,497.36 41 20 33 53
71,240 37 29,681.88 123 30 42 72
43,525 114 26,115.22 143 36 24 60
77,770 30 45,747.56 37 20 14 34
114,585 13 73,560.98 11 104 58 162
41,666 119 37,161.78 74 33
4 37
81,285 25 41,471.97 49 50 48 98
30,015 150 23,869.85 153 101 26 127
48,811 97 31,061.27 112 35 20 55
82,655 23 40,035.81 56 31 33 64
99,220 16 37,937.53 70 13 21 34
59,883 66 39,628.49 58 90 46 136
54,161 109 30,791.70 115 45 21 66
34,132 142 31,750.88 109 40
3 43
55,175 81 38,325.29 67 116 51 167
59,289 68 34,628.82 87 66 47 113
36,011 141 23,084.19 155 50 28 78
69,522 40 40,612.13 52 59 42 101
37,610 138 35,426.72 81 65
4 69
597,399
1 296,383.88
1 64 65 129
50,590 90 32,540.57 104 99 46 145
48,990 94 30,360.46 119 44 27 71
65,813 45 37,172.42 73 61 47 108
31,363 146 25,304.06 147 71 11 88
30,300 149 27,935.61 134 59
5 65
46,895 101 38,584.30 65 65 14 79
27
Pike
Polk
Pulaski Putnam, __
Quitman .. .-
Rabun
Randolph
Richmond. .
Rockdale
Schley
Screven
.-
Spalding
...
Stephens
Stewart
Sumter.. ._
Talbot
Taliaferro
...
Tatnall.
Taylor. __
Telfair
Terrell
Thomas _.
Tift
Toombs
Towns
Treutlen
Troup
Turner
Twiggs
-
Union
Upson
---
Walker
Walton
Ware
Warren
Washington..
Wayne
8iU T 13 5s
PH > C-
46,140 70,330 139,133 58,861 62,706 30,510 69,973 133,530 52,462 68,145 46,402 62,102 84,560 32,705 84,651 112,527 81,680 61,332 41,126 43,650 47,877 80,570 78,030 48,975 57,605 38,987 37,356 86,505 47,140 54,895
19,341 77,839 57,365 45,255 73,155 67,569 59,800 53,267
u "O
s*
M ^ ts - *
a Pi
-
106 30,758.46 38 53,002.67 8 58,582.19 71 31,021.51 54 24,117.61 157 29,911.94 39 38,372.20 9 107,382.06 86 31,772.69 41 37,480.07 105 28,323.29 56 39,922.43 22 63,240.63 145 28,987.34 21 40,795.78 14 60,647.91 24 40,038.35 60 31,292.14 122 33,522.52 113 28,022.79 98 37,327.63 26 36,256.83 28 54,020.75 96 40,306.82 75 46,083.48 130 38,987 20 139 26,683.32 20 59,887.36 100 36,791.93 82 27,912.07 160 18,954.66 29 48,856.36 76 51,503.27 108 33,941.02 34 56,636.28 42 34,874.08 67 34,661.72 84 40,891.79
"3 *
Maa
o O CD
PS
116 21 15 113 150 121 66 8 108 71 131 57 12 127 51 13 55 111 98 133 72 79 20 53 35 62 140 14 77 135 160 28 24 95 18 86 89 50
48 24
109 34
24 33
39 35
10 16
50
1
51 42
308 75
43 28
22 18
94 60
36 20
89 30
78 10
40 43
83 71
28 26
25 24
97 22
.52 29
92 26
54 66
153 68
93 20
76 19
20
45 18
144 64
64 18
30 29
49
1
59 35
123 14
105 35
120 35
32 30
102 74
76 1 23
MU 9
Ao8
CO
"3
43 O
H
72 138
57 74 26 51 93 383 71 40 154 56 119 88 83 154 51 49 119 81 118 120 221 113 95 20 63 208 82 59
50 94 137 140 155 62 176 99
28
Webster . Wheeler White. Whitfield Wilcox. Wilkes Wilkinson Worth
Median Mean Ql Q3
Per Teacher Valuation (White.) Per Teacher Valuation (White and Black.
Ma
03
Pi
60,439 64 39,701 127 28,618 153 61,899 58 53,974 83 76,525 31 40,481 125 49,282 92
$53,970 66,180 41,300 69,670
34,990.87 29,775.56 27,027.98 56,697.52 36,174.04 48,157.97 28,200.54 32,321.44
$36,400 42,653 30,300 45,000
03
Ue
>
+J 03
Ao
03
2 U
O
a
03
03
3
<0
EH
--t 03
O <D O
4o2
H
85 22 122 54 139 51 17 109 80 63 30 73 132 62 106 101
16 38 18 72 3 54 10 119 31 94 43 116 27 89 53 154
60.4 26.25 90.67 83.29 32.35 113.53 42.2 15.63 61.77 96.7 43.57 135.00
the valuation of the greater percentage of black teachers in Musco-
gee, as compared with Union County. In the former, the per teacher
valuation is reduced by over 50%, and the latter but little. The reader
will need only to consult the table to discover other similar instances.
The results as set forth in the Table are shown graphically in Diagrams
5 and 6. The former is based upon the first column in the Table rep-
resenting the per teacher valuation for the white teachers alone, and
the second (Diagram 6), is based upon the total number of teachers
It is noteworthy that a large majority of the counties fall within the
range of $23,000 to $50,000 in both tables. One needs to note, however
that there are a considerable number of counties with valuations very
far above this. These counties are the same ones to which attention
TM anHd
t^hrueVs1ad^dliyngbfhenaviClyaUteod
aS
the
tPotsaslefsosirntghe"tcioeusntwyi.th
high
valuations,
Striking differences with respect to the abilities of the counties at the extreme ends of the list to support their educational establishments, may well be illustrated as follows: assume the sum of $1200 00 as one typical of the expenditure per teacher. The average of the state is considerably below this amount. However, to raise this sum Union County would be compelled to impose a tax of 63 mills on the dollar, whereas Muscogee County could accomplish the same results through a tax of 4 mills. It is perfectly apparent, therefore, that for the poorer counties to raise by local taxation, a sum adequate for the
29
support of their schools, would mean an imposition of a tax so high as to amount virtually to confiscation. As a result of these conditions the poorer counties are compelled to depend largely upon the funds received from the state, in order to carry on their schools. Such
sums are quite inadequate.
Thons and3 of
Dollars
13
23
33
43
53
63
73
83
83
103
113
123
133
143
153
163
173
183
193
203
213
223
243 583
593
10 15
20
25
35
Number of Counties
Diagram 5. Showing the Distribution of the Per Teacher Valuations, based on the number of White Teachers. It Is to be read as follows: There are between 15 and 20 Counties with such Valuations lying between $23,000 and $33,000, between 35 and 40 between $33,000 and $43,000, etc.
30
Thousands of
Dollars
13 23
an
43 53 63 73 P 83 93 103 113 123 133 143 153 163 173
293 303
10 20 30 40 50 60 Number of Counties
Diagram 6. Showing the Distribution of the Per Teacher Valuations (Based on the Total Nuraber of Teachers). It is to be read as follows: There are between 50 and 60 Counties with Per Teacher Valuations between 23,000 and 33,000, and an almost equal Number between $33,000 and 43,000, etc.
It is apparent that the large number of black teachers found in some of the counties places them under a serious handicap. The whole problem of the education of the black race is one which it is not the purpose of this paper to discuss. The fact remains, however, that the children of the race need an education. If they are to be provided such, teachers must be employed, and the necessary expense of school administration must be incurred. The frequently encountered obj ection that the black race contributes little in the form of taxes, but requires much in the form of expenditures, is but partially true. The amount of money spent on schools for the black race is relatively small compared with that expended on the white. The long view of the situation would demand that attention be given to the children of these people in order that they become wealth producers and thus eventually help to carry their own weight in the civil and economic burden of the state. No argument is thus encountered for full equality in educational opportunities. There is need, however, that attention
31
be given to the preparation of these people for economic independence, and a discharge of their proportionate share of the obligations which each member of the state bears to the interests of the whole.
The reader, at this point is referred to the measures at the end of Table 2. A consideration of these figures will give an interesting picture of the financial resources of these counties of the state. It will be observed, for example, that the median per teacher valuation (based on total number of teachers) is $36,400.00, whereas the mean is $42,653.00. (The mean has the same meaning as the term average). Again, one needs to consider the significance of the terms and their representation in these amounts. It is apparent that the valuations at the upper end of the table greatly effect the mean (or average), whereas the median is not so effected, and, therefore, is a more typical representative of the per teacher valuation of the counties of the state. Note should be made also of the first and third quartiles; that fifty percent of the per teacher valuations of the state he between $30,300.00 and $45,000.00. These amounts are extremely significant in connection with the question as to the ability of typical counties to draw upon their wealth for the support of schools. Similar valuations based upon the white teachers alone are given and are easily understood.
There is little need of doing more than call attention to these same measures in connection with the number of teachers in the counties. Again, it will be noted that the median is a significant measure, and that the mean is influenced by a few counties with a large number of teachers.
32
DO THE COUNTIES OF THE STATE EXERT THEMSELVES
IN EQUAL MEASURE IN THE SUPPORT OF THEIR
SCHOOLS?
The discussion thus far has concerned itself chiefly with the abilities of the counties of the state to develop and maintain schools, so far as such is measured by their assessed valuation, or their per teacher valuation. We may turn next to an inquiry as to the extent to which they have utilized their resources. If, for example, one county with a high per teacher valuation utilizes its resources in wealth in a penurious or niggardly way, and expends but little out of its bounty, it is fair to conclude that its standard for school support is low. If, on the other hand, a county with a relatively low per teacher valuation expends a relatively large amount for the support and the development of its schools, it is equally fair to assume that its standard is high. In short, a measure of the community's interest and effort to carry on an effective educational program may be measured in terms of its actual expenditure as compared with its actual ability to pay.
Comparisons with respect to these relationships may be made by use of the data contained in Table 3. The three meaures therein contained are as follows: the "per pupil expenditure," the "per teacher expenditure," and the "expenditure per $1,000 of valuation." The per pupil expenditure is determined upon the basis of the total number of pupils of school age in each county. Undoubtedly a better measure would be the expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance. However, it has been impossible to obtain reliable data with respect to this factor. As a consequence, it has been necessary to rely upon the total number of pupils as a basis of calculation.
It is very clear that maintenance of schools, on an effective level, demands an expenditure of money which is commensurate with furnishing for each pupil a well trained teacher, with adequate equipment, and an adequate term of school operation. How great this amount ought to be is, of course, influenced by a number of contributing factors, among which are:
(1) The general standard of living in the community as represented in the cost of securing board, room, and other accommodations.
(2) The level of real estate values according to which the expense of renting, or building and repairing of buildings may be guaged.
(3) The general social standards of the community which influence largely the desirableness of teaching positions within it.
(4) The presence or absence of a local, well trained teacher who is willing to sell her services for less than she might obtain elsewhere.
33
Table 3. The Total Expenditures for Schools by Counties, The Per Pupil Expenditure, the Per Teacher Expenditure, and the Expenditure Per $1,000.00 Valuation.
Total Expendi- Total
tures Pupils
Per Pupil Expenditure
Per Teacher Expenditure
Per $1000.00 Valua-
tion
Rank
Appling Atkinson Bacon Baker Baldwin Banks Barrow Bartow Ben Hill Berrien Bibb Bleckley Brantley Brooks Bryan Bulloch Burke Butts Calhoun Camden Campbell Candler Carroll Catoosa Charlton Chatham Chattahoochee Chattooga Cherokee Clarke Clay Clayton Clinch Cobb Coffee Colquitt Columbia Cook
$ 44,765.83 51,358.08 32,627.56 36,104.13 71,895.35 34,621.54 49,586.51 94,353.92 64,670.04 50,406.35
504,634.62 38,488.53 21,451.98 119,627.82 30,288.21 100,226.51 161,285.38 53,853.19 47,352.60 30,087.13 45,773.07 54,142.67 131,511.44 36,747.00 26,924.00 843,117.80 9,710.00 63,574.74 70,435.34 170,738.42 31,489.57 30,844.16 35,658.85 160,337.62 108,604.22 144,535.82 60,573.60 72,143.57
3,825 3,154 2,293 2,692 4,996 3,485 4,074 7,895 4,939 4,568 19,489 3,490 2,115 7,489 2,084 9,472 8,948 3,736 3,252 2,116 3,820 3,070 10,901
2,365
1,519 23,196
1,254 4,621 6,481 7,687 2,537 3,338 2,010 9,409 6,584 9,505 3,511 3,909
34
$11.70 16.28 14.23 13,67 14.39 9.93 12.17 11.95 13.09 11.03 25.89 11.03 10.14 15.97 14.53 10.58 18.03 14.41 14.56 14.22 11.98 17.63 12.06 15.54 17.72 35.34 7.74 13.76 10.87 22.21 12.41 9.24 17.74 17.04 16.50 15.20 17.55 18.46
668.14 870.48 709.29 768.17 733.63 501.76 533.19 633.25 751.98 420.05 1,458.48 534.56 363.59 781.88 560.89 481.86 831.37 780.48 696.36 578.60 627.03 796.22 554.90 816.60 247.89 2,266.45 462.38 655.41 496.02 1,130.72 768.04 467.34 672.81 763.51 748.99 691.56 7.97.02 743.55
11.916 148 23.75 34 17.00 90 22.80 39 18.6 76 21.00 47 16.195 103 13.1 140 15.994 108 12.7 143 11.00 154 13.558 134 13.640 132 16.54 99 18.7 74 13.002 141 19.4 67 25.00 24 20.2 54 11.7 149 14.094 130 27.5 18 17.1 883..5 18.2 80 15.936 109 15.0 122 13.586 133 14.8 124 11.460 151 9.0 155 19.8 62 13.2 139 15.1 121 16.030 100 23.8 33 18.7 73 31.7 12 24.3 28
Total Expendi- Total
tures Pupils
Per Pupil Expenditure
Per Teacher Expen-
diture
Per $1000.00 Valua-
tion
Rank
Coweta - .-- 121,667.91
Crawford
54,195.83
Crisp
65,482,51
Dade... .. . ... 27,198.08
Dawson
8,597.54
Decatur
268,977.88
DeKalb
389,604.35
Dodge
191,986.95
Dooley
83,387.24
Dougherty
102,172.53
Douglas
57,076.50
Early
105,793.55
Echols
19,570.49
Effingham
51,230.52
Elbert.
61,420.80
Emanuel
113,743.93
Evans..
53,836.49
Fannin
43,294.58
Eayette
38,664.77
Floyd.
157,052.47
Forsyth . .
32,027.36
Franklin..
68,325,00
Fulton
5 ,478,941.69
Gilmer
45,388.37
Glascock
17,526.00
Glynn
207,178.21
Gordon
70,401.59
Grady
111,995.31
Green
59,345.19
Gwinnett
185,418.00
Habersham
55,080.53
Hall
121,806.89
Hancock
49,465.52
Haralson
62,486.00
Harris
68,827.00
Hart
69,401.58
Heard
24,705.00
Henry
76,368.35
Houston
140,709.75
Irwin
82,298.34
8,836 3,395 5,577 1,192 1,300 8,009 10,760 8,423 7,721 5,744 3,230 6,991
978 3,810 6,820 8,683 2,416 3,957 3,457 12,029 3,572 6,684 65,775 3,054 1,410 4,945 5,307 6,836 5;574 9,372 4,282 8,844 5,452 4,677 4,935 6,085 3,597 5,775 7,446 4,469
35
12.77 15.96 11.74 22.82 6.61 33.58 36.21 22.79 10.80 17.79 17.67 15.13 20.01 13.45
9.01 13.17 22.28 10.94 11.18 13.05 8.97 10.22 83.30 14.86 12.43 41.90 13.27 16.38 10.65 19.78 12.86 13.77
9.07 13.36 13.95 11.41 6.87 13.23 18.90 18.42
816.56 1,042.22
574.41 877.36 318.43 1,894.21 1,716.32 1,090.83 646.41 937.07 827.20 988.72 611.58 556.85 376.81 614.83 961.36 455.73 604.14 674.04 432.80 599.34 3,509.89 709.19 584.20 2,409.05 640.01 835.79 534.64 917.91 462.86 688.17 437.75 694.29 716.95 578.35 333.85 578.55 1,019.64 1,003.64
14.4 127
30.1 14
12.6 144
16.6 98
13.311 137
36.4
4
16.739 97
3300
9
17.6 84
7.9 159
24.00 31
20.00 58
22.1 41
16.1 105
12.2 145
21.2 44
32.7 10
19.8 60
23.1 36
8.6 156
16.80 94
19.7 65
26.9 21
29.8 16
22.9 38
21.2 45
16.7 95
25.3 23
15.270 118
27.5 19
17.1 88.5
13.4 136
16.189 104
20.3 53
24.2 30
23.8 32
17.2 87
19.9 59
23.6 35
28.5 17
Jackson. _ Jasper Jeff Davis Jefferson..... Jenkins Johnson Jones Lamar Lanier Laurens Lee Liberty Lincoln Long Lowndes Lumpkin Macon Madison Marion McDuffie Mclntosh Meriwether.. Miller Milton Mitchel Monroe MontgomeryMorgan
Murray Muscogee Newton Oconee Oglethorpe.. Paulding Pickens Pierce Pike Polk Pulaski Putnam Quitman
Total Total Expendi- Pupils
tures
Per Pupil Expenditure
Per Teacher Expen-
diture
Per $1000.00 Valua-
tion
Rank
85,474.66 7,380 54,092.73 4,443 64,348.30 2,713 103,194.60 7,142 76,411.14 4,247 53,583.93 4,425 38,267.38 4,002 47,512.85 3,497 30,954.00 1,604 179,976.67 11,887 90,895.73 3,436 24,438.35 2,879 29,649.84 3,141 12,863.30 1,341 160,511.75 8,152 23,784.00 1,654 85,699.51 5,289 51,286.89 5,588 54,430.50 2,531 56,100.52 3,243 47,691.83 1,996 90,961.34 7,670 31,129.74 3,110 24,302.25 2,135 99,123.46 8,885 120,028.00 4,779
35,659.98 3,675 47,147.79 5,141 50,684.57 2,938 317,196.10 13,964 16,620.40 7,381 30,344.00 2,760 44,529.07 5,395 40,494.83 4,217 64,313.10 2,634 59,988.68 3,742 44,459.03 4,266 87,315.11 6,669 55,027.06 3,473 36,812.08 4,534 11,417.84 1,258
11.58 547.91 12.17 628.99 23.72 1,090.65 14.45 721.64 17.99 1,046.73 12.11 576.17
9.56 455.56 13.59 719.89 19.30 884.40 15.14 656.85 26.45 1,715.01
8.49 339.42 9.44 495.16 9.59 378.33 19.69 990.81 14.38 642.81 16.20 874.48 10.25 451.08 21.51 989.64 17.30 876.57 23.89 1,402.70 11.86 668.83 10.01 471.66 11.38 565.17 11.16 593.55 25,12 1,062.19 9.20 457.18 9,18 466.81 17.25 734.56 22.72 2,458.88 9.03 859.45 10.99 427.38 8.25 412.31 9.60 460.17 24.42 1,004.89 16.03 759.35 10.42 617.49 12.53 632.73 15.84 956.39
8,12 497.46 9.08 439.15
16.199 102
24.3 29
34.2
8
18.9 71
27.0 20
20.2 56
19.8 66
15.719 111
20.9 49
16.394 101
38.5
2
11.4 152
18.9 79
8.27 158
13.5 135
17.3 85
21.1 51
18.9 72
31.9 11
21.9 42
37.00 3
16.9 91
15.318 117
17.8 82
15.487 114
30.7 13
19.8 61
11.494 150
20.7 52
8.296 157
13.301 138
14.077 131
11.1 133
18.2 81
36.00 5
19.7 64
20.1 57
11.937 147
16.479 100
16.036 106
18.2 75
36
Total Expendi- Total
tures Pupils
Per Pupil Expenditure
Per Teacher Expen-
diture
Per $1000.00 Valua-
tion
Rank
Rabun__ Randolph._ Richmond. Rockdale__ Schley Screven Seminole___ Spalding Stephens... Stewart Sumter Talbot Taliaferro.. Tattnall Taylor Telfair Terrell Thomas Tift Toombs Towns Treutlen Troup Turner Twiggs Union TJpson Walker Walton Ware Warren WashingtonWayne Webster Wheeler White Whitfield Wilcox Wilkes Wilkinson Worth
Median Mean Ql Q3
... 25,730.58 1,991 68,625.10 6,145
610,943.76 18,864 38,218.54 2,714 25,105.51 1,974 79,874.08 7.560 92,250.45 2,822 115,369.88 7,181 48,725.05 4,036 71,090.64 4,155 142,584.46 8,853 29,628.19 3,360 22,293.36 2,501 78,772.04 5,377 51,856.60 4,241 101,719.12 5,940 67,631.14 6,773 184,292.59 9,237 112,392.11 4,892 89,294.43 4,726 5,998.82 1,300 50,166.90 2,605 220,382.83 11,799 45,728.49 4,091 30,428.38 3,646 33,658.99 2,152 64,883.14 6,269 172,465.43 7,485 100,512.75 6,459 188,482.77 7,432 33,913.09 3,828 116,265.83 8,539 100,373.47 3,848 27,777.54 1,761 30,712.44 3,349 18,957.91 2,255 171,945.74 6,505 121,436.16 5,090 88,959.24 6,087 43,324.25 4,316 59,673.71 7,207
12.92 504.52 11.17 737.90 32.39 1,595.15 14.08 538.29 12.72 627.64 10.65 518.66 32.69 1,647.33 16.07 969.99 12.07| 553.69 17.11 856.51 16.11 925.87 8.82 580.94 8.91 454.97 14.65 661.95 12.23 640.20 17.12 862.03 9.99 563.59 19.95 833.90 22.97 994.62 18.89 937.73 4.61 299.94 19.26 796.30 18.76 1,059.53 11.18 557.66 8.35 515.74 15.64 673.18 10.35 690.25 23.04 1,258.87 15.56 717.95 25.36 1,216.02 8.86 546.99 13.62 660.60 26.08 1013.87 15.77 730.99 9,17 426.56 8.41 351.07 26.45 1,444.99 23.86 1,291.87 14.61 766.89 10.04 486.79 8.28 387.49
16.8 93
19.2 68
14.9 123
16.85 92
16.74 96
18.3 78
41.3
1
15.330 116
18.1 69
21.00 48
15.266 119
14.509 126
14.539 125
19.7 63
22.8 40
23.1 37
15.544 113
15.437 115
24.7 26
20.1 55
7.7 160
29.8 15
17.7 83
15.157 120
18.5 77
35.5
7
14.128 129
24.4 27
21.1 46
21.5 43
15.685 112
19.1 70
24.8 25
20.9 50
14.3 128
12.989 142
25.5 22
35.7
6
15.924 110
17.2
12.00 461
_$13.85 $721 .62 $18.00
_ 15.62 771 .25 18.75
. 10.86 526 .42 15.13
- 17.75 883 ,78 22.29
37
At any rate, it is clear that the expenditures required for school maintenance on modern levels are somewhat variable. On the other hand, it is obvious that schools cannot be maintained in a manner to meet modern needs without an expenditure which is considerablyabove that exhibited by many of the counties of the state. One finds, for example, that the range of per pupil expenditure is between $4.61 (Towns County,) and $83.30 (Fulton). This is a difference so great as to be striking in its significance. Note needs to be made of the fact, however, that the expenditure in the case of Fulton has been raised to an extraordinary level through the fact that an extensive building program has been in process of unfolding, and thereby has added greatly to the total of expenditures for schools. This, however, in no wise changes the significance of the wide difference exhibited. It simply means that in one case children are supplied with modern buildings, well ventilated, well lighted, with good teachers, whereas in the other the buildings are poor, with little equipment, with inadequately trained teachers, and the general level of educational opportunities far below that of the other.
The very wide difference in per pupil expenditures is significant. In Diagram 7 it will be noted that the majority of the counties spent in 1923, between eight and twenty dollars per pupil, and that in a few counties the expenditures were considerably in excess of these amounts. It is a noteworthy fact, also, that the counties making those expenditures are not in all cases those with the largest abilities so to doThat is to say, they are not the counties with the highest valuations. We may make a comparison by choosing the 12 counties with the highest per pupil expenditures, and ranking them in the order of such ex. penditures, and comparing with the similar ranking based on total assessed valuation. We have the series as follows:
THE RANKING OF TWELVE COUNTIES WITH THE HIGHEST PER PUPIL EXPENDITURE.
Fulton Glynn DeKalb Chatham Decatur Richmond Whitfield Lee Wayne Bibb Ware Monroe
$83.30
41.90
36.21
35.34
33.58
32.39
26.45
26.45
26.08
25.89
25.38
25.12
38
Expenditure per
Pupil (in dollars)
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 is)
Number of Counties
Diagram 7. The Expenditures Per Pupil
39
TWELVE COUNTIES RANKED ON BASIS OF ASSESSED VALUATION.
Fulton
Chatham
/
Bibb
Richmond
Muscogee
DeKalb
Clark
Floyd
Dougherty
Troup
Thomas
I.
Lowndes
$203,990,265 56,302,995 46,978,355 41,127,330 38,233,520 23,275,715 18,966,220 18,293,360 12,925,013
". 12,456,571 11,938,586 11,916,828
It will be noted that Wayne, Whitfield, Monroe, Ware and Lee Counties are not among the 12 constituting the highest rankings on the basis of assessed valuation. This relationship, as between ability and performance, will be discussed more fully in subsequent pages. The outstanding fact is that a very wide difference exist as to the amount of money expended on the pupils of the state depending upon geographical distribution. Certain it is that such wide differences are not an indication of the operation of a fundamental principle which we have set up, namely, a genuine equality in opportunity to secure an education, even though it be but in the foundations thereof.
We may consider next the per teacher expenditure as a measure of the effort of a community to support its schools. We have already pointed out that the per teacher valuation is in itself an effective unit for determining the capacity of a community to do so. In the same way the per teacher expenditure becomes a valid unit for determining the measures to which a community has raised the support of its schools. That this is an effective measure becomes obvious by contemplation of the fact that the salary of a teacher or a group of teachers in a school or school system, constitutes approximately 70% of the total cost thereof. ' This is to be expected since the human element in the problem is obviously a significant factor. A community buys the services of a teacher just as it would buy any other form of service. If it values and appreciates expert service, it will need to pay on a level considerably above that which would be required to avail itself of less effective service. This is equally true with respect to any form of values. If a community expends but little for its teachers, it is reasonable evidence that it is buying a form of service which is on a low level. Well trained teachers with ambition, and a desire to accomplish significant results, inevitably seek those centers wherein such services are evaluated on their true worth, and paid for accordingly. Those teachers, on the other hand, whose training has been deficient and whose conception of their service is merely that of a means of making
40
a livelihood, drift about from place to place seeking now one and now another school, in which they may for a time practice their defective art and depart leaving behind a group of children imperfectly taught, and habituated to a host of wrong attitudes, low ideals, and a satisfaction with deficient results.
Dollars 300 500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500 2700 2900 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 4300 4500 4700 4900 5100
Number of Counties
ia 15
20
25
30 35
40
Diagram 8. The Per Teacher Expenditures (White Teachers only.) 41
As in all these measures thus far exhibited, the one under discussion exhibits a very wide range. We find, by way of example, that the lowest is $299.44 (Towns County), and the highest is $3,509.89 (Fulton County).
It is appropriate again to call attention to the fact that the figure for Fulton County is significant, owing to the fact that the City of Atlanta has been engaged in an extensive program of expansion. This, however, in no wise lessens the significance of the existing high values as exhibited by certain other counties.
Table 2 contains data based upon the total number of teachers (white and black), as well as on the white teachers alone. Diagram 8 shows the distribution as exhibited in the part of the Table based on the white teachers, and Diagram 9 on the total teachers. It is to be
Dollars 100
300
500
700
900
1100
1300
1500
1700
1900
3100
2300
2500
2700
2900
3100
3300
3500
3700
10
20
30
40
number of Counties
50
60
Diagram 9. The Per Teacher 'Expenditure (Total Teachers). 42
observed that the values are, as would be expected, considerably higher in the former, but in either case the range is very wide.
One may well pause at this point and consider again the significance of these great differences. The question may well be asked as to whether or not there Is any element of fairness or justice to those boys and girls who, through no choice of their own, are born and reared in those counties wherein schools are poorly supported, poorly taught, and but little appreciated. Faced as they are with life unfolding before them under these restricted opportunities, wherein but little vision is supplied, and little by way of a knowledge of what the world has' to offer is given, they suffer a handicap ofttimes Insurmountable. Eventually they find their way into the more populous centers where they are checkmated through the fact that these significant preparations for effective living have been denied them, and that through no fault of their own. The welfare of the whole state is involved In these children. They shall move from place to place; they shall help to make public sentiment; they shall be instrumental in electing to office those who in turn formulate laws and determine the policies of the state. How they think, what are their attitudes, and what are their preparations for effective living, is and ought to be, the concern of every intelligent citizen.
In like manner we may find in the expenditure per $1,000.00 valuation, another significant measure of the extent to which a community has utilized its resources in the support and development of its schools. As in the other units of measure employed, here too one finds a wide range, as between $7.07 (Towns;, and $41.03 (Seminole). These significant differences may be readily understood by an examination of Diagram 10. It will be noted that the majority of the counties expend between $13.00 and $21.00 per thousand of valuation. In terms of the actual millage tax, this is high. For a community to tax itself between thirteen and twenty mills on the dollar for the support of its schools, is indeed a significant evidence of a desire to utilize available resources to their utmost. It is very noteworthy that a number of counties are exceeding these figures in a significant manner. Whether this be done through actual annual levies of tax or through an imposition of a bonded indebtedness is quite immaterial; in either event a community is bound to pay for what it gets. The noteworthy fact to be brought to attention at this point is again, as in the other measures, the existence of a very wide range of effort as exhibited in the expenditure per one thousand of valuation. Certain additional comments need to be added. Whether or not the levy of a tax of seven to twenty mills on the dollar, is an onerous burden, is apparently to be interpreted in terms of the ratio of the assessed valuation to the real valuation. If the assessed valuation is identical with the real valuation, such a tax is undoubtedly a burden; but if on the other hand, the assessed values are significantly below the real values, then such levies are not of a necessity burdensome. Here again one encounters the fact that the capacity to contribute to the support of public in-
43
stitutions begins only after a certain level of productivity is reached. Since this point has been developed on the pages preceding, It need not be dwelt upon here.
Dollars 7
8
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
41
43
10
15 20 25
kumber of Counties
30
35
Daigram 10. The expenditures per -Til,000.00 or assessed Valuation
The general evidence furnished by the data above discussed is conclusive with respect to the fact that, within the counties of the state there is a very wide range of effort to support schools as measured by the units utilized.
Reference will again be made to this phase of the problem, when we attempt to make clear the relationships between the various measures employed. This will be undertaken in the discussion immediately following:
44
Attention should be given to the measures of dispersion as given at the end of the Table 3. These have been determined only for the three units of measure discussed In connection with the Table. It Is significant, for example, that the middle fifty per cent of the cases indicate a per pupil expenditure ranging between $10.86 and $17.75. This is not a sum large enough to guarantee any but the most meager opportunities; and hardly that. It is evidence conclusive that there are thousands of children whose chances of gaining an education adapted to present social demands, are small indeed; that their lives are to be constricted, and their outlook narrowed beyond measure. It is doubtful if anything approaching effective educational experience can be guaranteed each child in the state with an expenditure of less than $30 to $40 per child.
Again, the per teacher expenditures furnish further evidence in the same direction. The middle fifty per cent of cases show a range between $526.42 and $883.78. It is understood, to be sure, that these figures are significantly modified through the fact that there are many black teachers selling their services for salaries ranging from $250.00 to $300.00 per school year. The fact remains, however, that taking the state as a whole, an expenditure within the range of these figures indicates the employment of teachers inadequately prepared, and lacking in professional and academic fitness for their task.
The expenditure per thousand of assessed valuation is, likewise, to be given attention. The range here as between the average, median, and the quartile deviations is not great. The interquartile range of approximately $7.00 is not as wide as one might anticipate would exist. On the other hand, one needs to bear in mind that the amount of taxation possible is limited by law, and that, as a result, the range is, therefore, legally limited. Futhermore, excessive impositions of taxes are immediately known and resented. They cannot be made save by referendum votes, and are, therefore, not likely to evidence as wide range as would otherwise be the case. Not only so, but small differences in millage taxes are sufficient to greatly change the incomes therefrom, especially in those cases where large assessed valuations are found. One needs also to recall that the figures under discussion are to be interpreted only in connection with the ratio between the real values and the assessed values. If they are closely alike, then the expenditures above indicated are significantly high; if they are widely at variance, then they may not be. If the real values are double, or more, the assessed values, then a tax of 7 to 9 mills, which is their real values, is not excessive. Since revenues are entirely from real values, there is left out of account entirely the earnings from intangible wealth, which in the populous centers is conspicuously large. Changes are essential and will be made.
45
PART II.
THE CONDITIONS WHICH A PROGRESSIVE PROGRAM
WOULD REMEDY.
The educational goals toward which the state might legitimately strive have been set forth on a preceding page. These are not unattainable. That they are not immediately obtainable is admitted. This does not mean, however, that because a state cannot at once expand its program to a point at which these goals are realizable, no effort should be made at all. Every significant change is made under a stimulus of some great need. In the preceding part we have dealt particularly with the abilities of the counties of the state to pay for, and support their educational establishments. We shall attempt now to set forth certain conditions which are obviously indicative of outstanding and conspicuous needs. On a basis, then, of an understanding of what these needs are, it becomes possible to set forth a program which makes recognition of, and points toward, the ultimate goals, in the direction of which efforts should be expended.
Before, then, any significant program can be set out it is essential that two things be known: first, what the existing conditions are, and, second, what the ultimate development is to be. It is essential also, that consideration be given to two other related aspects of the problem: first, what are the most pressing needs, and, second, how far and how soon can changes be made. The problems thus stated are in reality the basis for the remainder of this study. The part of it, then, with which we are now chiefly concerned (Part II), essays to set forth what are some of the obvious defects, or needs, which are remediable at the present time, and the succeeding Part III concerns itself with the possible avenue along which immediate and continuing progress may and should be made. The problems are dealt with only in the large, and attempts are made to interpret advancements in terms of the possible immediate changes, and also of those which are more remote.
It is to be understood, futhermore, that any progressive program must take into consideration a period of time sufficiently great to make possible the organization of the machinery necessary for the progressive steps, and likewise to provide means of making them realizable. That is to say, such a program must first of all be practicable, and, second, it must be possible, as measured in terms of financial resources.
Such a program must be inclusive. It is quite useless to agitate for legislative enactments concerning educational changes in the absence of a program which is sufficiently wide at its base to cover the
46
whole scheme of educational institutions within the state. There must be uniform advancement; a uniform rise throughout. It will not do to elevate one portion and permit the rest to remain on a level so low as to make its functioning quite impossible. It is clear, therefore, that consideration needs to be given, not only to elementary schools, but likewise to high schools, normal schools, vocational schools, as well as to the college and university.
This is true because, as we have attempted to point out, education in a Democracy is quite different in function from that in any other form of social organization. So 1 ong as these institutions are supported at the expense of the tax payer, so long must they furnish an undoubted opportunity for his children to advance as far as their own abilities and resources make possible. Then too, the state is significantly interested in supplying an opportunity according to which the intelligent and ambitious minds of its youth may be equipped effectively to serve it. There can be no serious breaks nor any outstanding differentiations at any point. A progressive program, therefore, will involve all of the educational machinery in the state; it will take into consideration conditions as they now exist; it will lay out a series of steps for advancement which are both practical and possible; it will give thought to social needs and financial resources; it will study conditions and experiences as they have been developed in other states. Then, having convinced itself of what needs to be done, it will give attention to the means by which accomplishment may be made. It must not be a sporadic or thoughtless undertaking. It must be a well-planned, well-proportioned, and a well-defined program.
In previous pages we have taken into consideration the point that no state can afford to suffer its public school system to fall behind in this period of rapid social changes and economic development. There are those who maintain that already our public schools are too expensive; that too large a percentage of our taxes are expended in their support; that what we need is a return to the three It's such as characterized education in the "good old days."
There is little which one can say to convert such obstructionists. Ordinarily they are convinced of the safety of their position and no amount of evidence or reason can dislodge them. Experience, however, has in the main convinced our country that the best educational f acuities and opportunities which we can possibly develope are meager enough; that we can well afford even additional expenses for the kind of schools which shall do the things which are so urgently needed to be done. This is only another way of saying that the responsibility is dual: first, upon the schools, to demonstrate their effectiveness; and, second, upon society, adequately to support them in the carrying out of their functions. Furthermore, experience has demonstrated indubitably that, given a reasonably good equipment in the way of buildings, and grounds, together with well-trained teachers, generous social support, a modern school can, and does, effectively
47
achieve significant outcomes in the development of its youth. There is no doubt, on the other hand that, in the absence of these conditions, a school is certain to fail, and not only fall short of the realization of those ends which ought, and do, characterize a good school, but also that it may become a genuine liability, because in it, and through it, wrong attitudes, misunderstandings, bad habits, and a host of other evils, are incubated and brought to maturity. There is need, therefore, that one understand clearly that we are referring in this discussion to good schools, when we reaffirm that it is a question not so much of what schools cost as it is of what it costs not to have them.
WHAT ARE SOME OF THE CONDITIONS IN THE
STATE WHICH NEED TO BE REMEDIED?
In previous pages emphasis has been made particularly upon the abilities of various counties of the state to support an effective educational program. We may very well introduce at this point a reconsideration of some of the implications of the conditions described.
It was pointed out that the ten wealthiest counties of the state possessed nearly one-half of the total wealth of the state; that further, the ten lowest in valuation possessed less than one per cent of the total wealth of the state. We may press this comparison even more because it serves significantly to emphasize a condition which is obviously demanding attention.
If in place of the ten wealthiest counties we choose the thirteen standing at the head of the list in point of assessed valuation, and place them over against the remainder of the state, we find a most significant relation. In these thirteen counties are about 24% of the total teachers of the state, 24% of the pupils of school age, with an average per pupil valuation of $2,001.50, and an average per teacher valuation of $113,558.18. This means, of course, that in the other 147 counties are 76% of the teachers, and 76% of the pupils, with an average per pupil valuation of $758.64 and an average per teacher valuation of $35,279.12. These facts are significant.
It is useful also to call attention to another fact which will be dwelt upon somewhat in the succeeding pages. It is that the average tax rate in mills of these wealthier counties is less, on the average, than that of the remainder of the state. That is to say, the higher the valuation the less burdensome the taxes become in proportion to the ability to pay. That is, of course, what one expects; and is based upon the fact previously set forth, that the ability to pay is reached after a certain earning power is attained. The greater inequalities, therefore, which are so conspicuously evidenced, are still more significant when we reflect upon the obvious fact that schools cost money; that good schools cost more money than poor schools, and than any effort to
48
deal effectively with the progress of education in the state must take these facts into consideration.
The comparisons which we have above made are given in tabular form below:
County
No. of No. of Pupils Teachers 6-18
Per Pupil Valuation
Per
Tax
Teacher Rate in
Valuation Mills
Fulton
Chatham^
Bibb
Richmond
Muscogee
DeKalb
Clark
Floyd
Dougherty
Troup
Thomas
Lowndes _ ...
Laurens
..
1,929 269 247 308 64 191 107 196 55 144 153 104 170
65,775 $ 3,101.03 $ 130,679.20
23,191 2,427.27 151,352.11
19,489 2,364.22 133,168.66
18,864 2,180.20 107,382.06
13,964 2,738.01 296,383.88
10,760 2,163.17 102,536.99
7,687 2,467.31 125,604.11
12,029 1,520.77
78,512.27
5,744 2,250.18 123,095.36
11,749 1,060.22
59,887.36
9,237 1,292.47
54,020.75
8,152 1,461.84
73,560.98
11,887
923.56
40,066.99
11
121
17 6.4 9 15 8 10 11 16 10 12i 15
Total
3,300 218,528 $26,150.35 $1,476,269.35 153.40
About 34% of total in state.
24% of pupils in the state.
Avg. $2,011.50
Avg.
Avg.
$113,559.18 11.8
The remainder of the 147 counties of the state have:
76% of the teachers. 76% of the pupils.
An average per pupil valuation of $758.64. An average per teacher valuation of $55,422.60. An average County millage tax of 14.05.
The striking inequalities involved are evidenced when one contemplates the fact that the per pupil valuation of the upper group is nearly three times that of the lower. The same ratio exists with respect to the per teacher valuation. The significance of these differences is at once apparent were one to assume the imposition of a
49
ten mill tax on each per teacher valuation and consider the resulting income as the one means of supporting a school. The wide differences resulting are sufficient to mark off clearly a good school from a poor one. In the one case a well trained teacher, adequate equipment and sufficient resources for the maintenance of an effective level of instruction is possible, whereas in the other such a result is quite out of reach.
If the state were to assume responsibility for the establishment of genuinely significant educational opportunities for all its children, it is at once apparent that some means must be devised whereby the inequalities in resources for the maintenance of schools may somehow be brought to an approximate level. This, obviously is one of the most significant and pressing needs in the educational development of the commonwealth.
DO ALL CHILDREN OF THE STATE HAVE AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY? It will be claimed by some that it is quite immaterial as to whether or not all children do have an equal chance of securing at least the foundation of an education. They will say that it is more necessary that the economic foundation of the state be made more secure through the utilization of its youth in the production of wealth, and that for the production of wealth in certain ways, little by way of educational training is required. It will be claimed that in order that farms may be kept in successful operation and industries be enabled to compete with labor conditions elsewhere, it is essential to utilize the time and strength of youth on the farm and in the factory during the period of life when learning is most easily made, and when changes are most readily taken on.
This position, on analysis, becomes untenable. It cannot be denied that the trained mind is more effective even in the field of production than is one untrained. It cannot be denied that the economic development of the state depends, in large measure, upon the development of intelligent citizens. It cannot be denied that the progress of the state, into a more democratic and socially fruitful form of organization, is dependent upon an educated populace.
Development is at the best a relatively slow process. Growth is dependent upon the right environment and upon right kind of stimulations. A school, to be significant, must provide both of these factors. In addition, a sufficient length of time for their full operation and effect must be had.
The school time element varies greatly within the state. To some children there is an open avenue to schools operating continuously throughout nine months of the year. By common consent, and as a result of years of experience, this has come to be accepted as a reasonable period of time, through which a school should annually function. There is no reason, however, as to why it should be so limited. On the other hand, there are many children in the state who can attend
50
no more than four months even if they desired to do so. There are still some to whom a six months term is the maximum of their opportunities. There are still more who have but seven months in which to take on such modifications as are made possible through the experience in school.
These vast differences in the time element are most significant. In the first place, it is impossible that effective teaching be accomplished in so limited a space of time. By common consent, and experience, the educational standards acceptable quite universally, demand that the year of school experiences be attended by certain more or less, standardized evidences of growth in power and learning. These standards have been developed on a bisis of a uniform period of time in which they may be accomplished.
It becomes at once apparent, therefore, that whenever the school offers an educational experience of but four, five, or six months duration, it is quite impossible to expect that there shall be accomplished within that time the educational results which a normal school year demands. The result is at once obvious. Children are handicapped from the outset by such an abbreviated school term. To pass from grade to grade in such a school means but little, for the standards which are set up are far below those which characterize common school organization. As a result, confusion in grading is unavoidable. Children passing from a school with educational opportunities of the abbreviated sort, to another with a typical time period, suffer discouraging loss in grade demotions with consequent social and educational discouragement.
It is also noteworthy that for schools operating on such short term plans, it is quite impossible to secure the services of a well trained teacher. Invariably the teacher who has invested in an adequate training must of necessity secure a compensation through a sufficiently long period of employment to yield a reasonable return on her investment. As a result, only those teachers who have failed to provide theselves with a generous educational and professional training can afford to sell their services to such a school. It is quite evident, therefore, that from the viewpoint of both the time and instructional factors, the children in such schools suffer beyond measure.
By way of making apparent these marked discrepancies in the educational opportunities of the children in the various parts of the state, Table IV has been prepared. To it the interested reader is referred, should he desire to acquaint himself with the geographical distribution of place-limited school opportunities.
It is a noteworthy fact that the independent school systems are almost without exception offering a school of at least nine months. Such is made possible through the imposition of a local tax which is a sufficient supplement to funds obtained from the state to make possible the larger school opportunities. The concentrated wealth in
51
TABLE IV.
Table showing the Number of Children in Each County and the length of their School Term. Independent System marked* White children only. MONTHS.
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
Appling ...
274
1651
Atkinson.
! 415*
Bacon ._ _ | 277*
1277
130
458
493
Baker
.
103
564
Baldwin
1453
Banks
636
1581
Barrow_ _
/ 655*
\ 375
170
1124
22
Bartow_ __ / 982*
\ 174
709
200 2433
Ben Hill
1 1202*
100
671
267
Berrien
| 480*
144
635 1521
Bibb
8616
Bleckley. . . / 435*
\ 181
1117
Brantley..
1622
Brooks
1118
680 1085
Bryan
344
135
106
325
Bulloch
1490
348 3096
51
Burke ... ... / 422*
\ 1065
Butts
/ 325*
\ 189
143
577
Calhoun
552
379
Oamden
344
275
76
Campbell
/ 180*
\ 592
185
192
529
Candler
827
118
631
CarrolL
/ 881*
\ 1486
198
766 3701
100
21
Catoosa
354
373
904
Charlton . .
267
217
543
78
Chatham
8507*
Chattooga... / 207*
1 971
124
375
762
Chattahoo-
chee.
79
24
225
Cherokee
/ 503*
3821
1 727
3821
Clark
/ 625*
\ 2193
Clay
Clayton
638
444
396
19
Clinch
227
790
Cobb
/ 1598*
2650
\ 1893
2650
52
]
9
8
7
6
6
4
3
Coffee
f 1586"
Colquitt
| 1605"
153
316 1600
Columbia Cook
Coweta
1038
581 1861
300
545
357
1843
/ 1202"
1 1676
Crawford..
406
Crisp
/ 911*
486
28
Dade...
Dawson Decatur
\ 94
1202
305
98
610
145
46
630
/ 750*
\ 385 1445
293
Dekalb
/ 2203*
\ 3664
Dodge Dooly
.. / 529*
52
1 535 361
402 1799
129
451 1565
Dougherty... / 1455* 1 139
DJuglas
547
1053
Early
/ 469*
\ 659
665
Echols
Effingham...
778
533
Elbert
1212
226
EmanueL.
1621
374
Evans
.
461
344
Fannin
| 426* 611
667
162
462
658
36 1720
479 2012
489
Fayette
| 388*
2144
41
Floyd
458
103
417
341
/ 2339*
Forsyth Franklin
\ 1896
409
361
/ 796*
974 254 2197
Fulton
\ 372 / 31424*
302 1972
Gilmer
\ 5412 / 294*
1 79
1654
Glasoock
224
628
Glynn___ . .
1682
Gordon ... / 510*
Grady Green
\ 217
405
607 2192
718
403 1935
48
/ 379*
1 568
359
522
Gwinnett
/ 1087*
\ 1552
3891
Habersham___ / 427*
I 691
498
1609
53
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
Hall
\ 109 1594 1721
322
Hancock
/ 273*
\ 192
762 .
Haralson
1430
1310
Harris
951
Hart..
f 722*
542 2029
Heard Henry Houston
143
326
1204
270
/ 740*
69 1410
275
627
\ 397
980
116
751
941
70
Jackson
/ 634*
\ 1099
113
213 2677
Jasper.
885
33
Jeff Davis
384
1205
Jefferson
1884
361
177
Jenkins
f 435*
1086
Johnson
320
431
1154
Jones
474
45
416
Lamar
f 440*
540
355
85
Laurens
/ 1156* \ 178 1567 1599
Lee Liberty Lincoln
482
245
105
477
379
46
164
772
199
346
Lowndes
/ 341*
\ 316
120 2619
Lumpkin ...
212
795
Macon Madison
862
412
1444 1003
625
711
Marion
f 216*
93
641
} 44l* \ 244
128
206
Mclntosh
175
131
Merriwether__ 1610
214
793
37
315
1106
Mitchell Milton
/ 960"
\ 450
113 1392
23
275
35 1244
/ 147*
\ 1169
Montgomery
1231
Morgan
/ 335"
\ 912
326
Murray
482
188
206
95 1293
Muscogee
6464
/ 470"f
\ 1592
749
1
54
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
Oconee
594
198
Oglethorpe...
671
360
Paulding
425
222
Pickens
467
151
Pierce
__ f 443*
Pike Polfl
Pulaski Putman
Quitman Rabun Randolph Richmond Rockdale Schley Screven Seminole Spalding
Stephens
Stewart Rumter.
Talbot Taliaferro Tatnall Taylor Telfair.
Terrell
Thomas
Tift
Toombs Towns. Treutlen Troup
Twiggs Turner
Union
914
128
/ 1114*
\ 1015
/ 256*
\ 742
204
447
843
353
7455*
539
282
123
712
370
804
245
| 1729*
1211
/ 691*
\ 211
99
853
/ 1264*
\ 1051
497
300
58
1217
448
635
147
/ 145*
\ 984
f 403*
1032
/ 836*
\ 1479
153
| 884*
895
653
251
512
f 3352*
905
492
/ 454*
\ 336
| 75*
Upson Walker..
Walton Ware
1461
2124
1428 1002
/ 1940*
\ 426
69
509
98
621
473 1690
1419
403
409 1155
301
885 602
857
46
174
618
224
953
588
75
1319
258
263
200 1605
521
220
1416
117
923
56
91
1241
1746
1039
129
630
199
131
132 1103
1491
434
39
2567
973
201 1597
55
9
8
7
6
6
i
3
417
{ Washington.. 667* 178
746
Wayne
462
25
356
229
271
221
White
424
Whitfield
1570
107
Wilcox
1634
Wilkes
{ 452* 650
842
Wilkinson
654 1109
Worth
503
416
442
196 1021 480 1754
1053
126
979
197
1959
202
492
128
1525
the village, town, or city, alone makes such a procedure possible, particularly at the present time, when the earning capacity of land in the open country is seriously curtailed due to the decrease on the returns of agricultural operations. This fact, however, is not of itself sufficient to justify on the part of the state the perpetuation of such a condition. Those children who by chance, or through the exigencies of economic, or social forces, are compelled to live outside the incorporated or independent area, are as deserving of worth-while educational experiences as are those within. It will be contended by some that such children may be provided with a more significant school experience by attending the schools of the town or city, and paying the necessary tuition fees. Again, the reply may be made that so to do implies an economic independence which is not found in many cases at the present time.
A complilation of the data in the Table IV has been made and is presented in summary form below. It is a most significant fact that the number of children within the confines of the state who are offered the maximum annual educational opportunity of five months or less, is measured in the thousands, whereas, should the level be raised to six months, the number is over 100,000. That these figures are based upon the white children alone is still more significant. Were there available data as to the opportunities of the black children of the state, and were such figures tabulated as for the white children, these numbers would be very greatly increased. That this condition is requiring remedy is at once apparent. When or contemplates the resources of the state as a whole, he is convinced that it connot wisely long contenance the existence of such marked inequalities and expect its youth to grow up into manhood and womanhood and be possessed of those understandings and ideals which alone can provide for the stability of our democratic form of social organization.
56
SUMMARY OP TABLE IV.
Number of children with a maximum school opportunity represented by: (White children only.)
1 month 2 months 3 months 4months 5 months 6 months 7 months 8 months
9 months:
Independent Systems All others 10 months
Private Schools Special Clay Co
Line Schools Undistributed
21 22 62 2,332 21,583 90,763 43,656 36,480
97,186 112,254
759 5,788
33 368
446 275
(9 mo. Records incomplete.)
Total
412,038
This data may be organized in still another form. In order that the facts may be more clearly apprehended, we may compute, for example, the percentage of the pupils in each county with a given length of school opportunity. This procedure Is significant by way of making comparisons and serves also to emphasize the points which have been made above. Not only so, but it becomes apparent from an examination of the results of such a procedure that there are many counties within the state which are supplying to a majority of their children an inadequate school term. They suffer irreparably as a result. On the other hand, it is likewise obvious that some counties are fulfilling their educational obligations in a thoroughly effective manner in so far as time limits are concerned Again, one needs to give thought to the consequences of such marked inequa ities. Children have no choice as to where they shall be born and reared. The fact is, however, that the geographic distribution in the place of birth and rearing, plays a most significant part in determining what shall be one's educational opportunities. Table V shows the result of the computation to which reference is made above. It is not necessary that specific counties be singled out by way of example.
It will be useful, in support of our argument, that comparison be made as to the length of term of the counties which are the most wealthy as compared with those which are least so. We may take, for
57
TABLE V.
Table showing the percentage of children in each county with school opportunities of a given number of months.
Independent systems marked (*), White Children only.
10 AtJonson.... .1
Baker
100%
BfiTi TTill
j
Bibb Bleckley f
Brooks
Bryan
Bulloch
Burke
f
Butts
{
Calhoun Camden Campbell f
Candler
Carroll
f
Catoosa Charlton Chatham Chatooga f
Chattahoo-
chee
{
Clarke
{
Clay* Clayton
Clinch
Cobb
!
9
8
7
6
5
14.23 24.52*
20.4*
15.44
35.77
9.57*
75.47
36.3 33.73 84.56
28.69
71.31
27.92*
15.98 7.25
47.91
21.83*
3.87 15.76 4.45 54.09
52.72* 4.39
29.43 13.46
15.7*
9.06
4.71 20.77 49.75
100%
25.10*
10.44
64.45
100.
38.78
23.59 37.63
37.80 14.84
11.65 35.71
29.89 6.98 62.11 1.02
28.38*
71.62
26.34*
15.32 11.59 46.76
59.29 40.71
48.76 40.15 11.09
10.73*
35.28 11.03 11.44 31.53
52.47 7.49
..40.04
12.27*
20.40 2.76 10.67 51.53 1.39
21.70 22.87
55.43
24.16 19.64
49.14 7.06
100.*
8.49*
39.81 5.08 15.38 31.24
24.09 9.96* 14.39 22.18* 77.82
7.32 68.60 75.65
42.62 29.66 26.45 22.32 25.62* 30.51
1.27 77.68
43.87
4 32 . .94
.29 .70
*Clay-Incomplete. 58
10
9
8
7
6
5
4 32
Coffee
/1
Colquitt
/1
Columbia,.
Cook
Coweta
!
Crawford
Crisp
(
Dade
Dawson
Decatur
1t
Dekalb
/1
Dodge.
(
\
Dooley
Dougherty... f
Douglas
Early
f
Echols
Effingham Elbert
Emanuel... Evans
Fannin
/i
Floyd
/
\
Forsyth
Franklin
/\
Fayette
/1
Fulton.
/
\
Gilmer
j
l
Glascock
Glynn
Gordon
(
Grady
Green
\(
Gwinnett /1
Habersham.. /1
43.39"
4.19 8.65 43.78
31.56*
20.41
11.42 36.60
35.50 64.50
16.23
83.77
41.8*
58.2
44.13
52.83 3.04
41.28*
4.26
54.46
30.11 9.67
60.22
17.5
5.6 76.7
26.35*
13.53 50.77
10.30
37.55*
62.45
14.61* 1.44*
14.77 9.97 3.56 12.45 43.21
18.43 81.57
91.28*
8.72
34.19
65.81
19.07*
26.79 27.03 27.11
25.96 74.04
39.51 27.07
23.42
37.95 7.08 1.13 53.85
36.1 8.34 10.68 44.85
35.62 26.58
37.79
12.92* 18.54*
64.75
1.24 1.88 67
41.63*
33.75 7.28 17.34
12.84
9.03 78.13
22.52*
10.89
8.84 57.75
22.73*
26.83 6.03 24.43 19.98
85.31*
14.69 14.36*
3.86
80.76
26.29
73.71
100
12.97*
5.52 10.30 15.44 55.76
25.46 9.91 33.07
1.56
20.73*
31.07 19.64 28.56
16.65*
23.77
59.59
13.24*
21.43 15.44
49.89
59
10
9
8
7
6
5
4 32
Hall
f 13.30* 21.94*
1.88 27.56 29.75 5.57
Haralson
i
22.25* 15.65 62.10 52.19
47.81
100*
Hart
/
21.93*
16.46 61.62
Heard
7.34 16.74 3.54 72.38
Henry
50.67 11.36 11.57 26.39
Houston
/
34.96*
18.75 46.29
Irwin
6.18 39.99 50.1 3.73
13.39*
23.21 2.39 4.50 56.52
Jasper
96.41 3.59
Jeff Davis
24.17
75.83
Jefferson
77.79 14.91 7.31
Jenkins
/
28.6*
71.40
Johnson
16.8 22.62
60.58
Jones
50.70 4.81 44.49
Lamar
/
44.9
55.1
Lanier
80.68
19.92
Laurens
/
23.28* 4.72* 2.54*
3.67 32.3 32.96
Lee
100
Liberty
29.63
12.70 57.68
Lincoln
27.85 3.38 12.05 56.72
Long _ . _
36.51
63.49
Lowndes /
10.04*
9.31 3.53 77.12
Lumpkin
21.05
78.95
Mac on
67.66 32.34
Madison
38.17 26.51 16.52 18.79
Marion
22.74*
9.78 67.47
McDuffie f
43.28*
23.95
12.56 20.22
Mclntosh
57.19 42.81
Meriwether
60.66 8.06 29.88 1.39
Miller
22.17
77.83
Mitchell. f
32.68*
15.32 3.85 47.38
.78
Milton
17.7
2.25 80.05
Monroe
/
11.17
88.83
Montgomery. _.
100
Morgan
f
21.30*
57.98 20.72
Murray
21.29 8.30 9.10 4.20 57.11
Muscogee
100
Newton
(
16.72*
56.63
26.65
Oconee
45.66 15.22
39.12
60
10
8
8
7
6
6
4 32
Oglethorpe
Paul ding
Plckens-..
Pierce
(
Pike
Polk
r
Pulaski
Putman
(
Quitman... ,,
Rabun
Randolph
Richmond
Rockdale
Schley
Screven___
Seminole
Spaldlng
/I
Stephens /
I
Stewart
Sumter
(
Talbot
Tahaferro
Tatnall
Taylor
Telfalr
/
i
Terrell
/
\
Thomas
f
\
Tift
r1
Toombs
Towns
Treutlen
Troup
f
Twlggs
Turner
/
Union
/i
\
Upson
Walker
Walton
Ware
f
Warren
38.34 20.57 5.60
15.52 8.11 17.27
22.93 7.41
18.45'
16.68
68.06 9.53 22.41
36.96*
33.68
100
25.65*
74.35
100
33.61
61.53 25.77 12.70
100*
46.59
53.41
44.83 19.55 35.61
27.14 14.11 36.33
71.53 21.80 6.67
58.81*
41.19
29.78*
9.09 4.27
100
54.60*
45.40
65.83
34.17
48.31 9.34 42.35
35.07 12.91 41.69 9.65 34.21
5.45*
36.96
28.05
71.92
24.25*
42.91 4.44 26.78
28.42*
28.77 2.93
27.22
16.49 33.64 8.48
78.74*
21.26
59.85
24.21
22.41*
16.59
6.52
4.79*
75.54
45.28
42.0 29.4 45.83*
10.06 1.63 48.54
22.44
28.6
4.75 51.46
35.49 59.11 69.66 17.03 47.93
29.36
62.93 3.46
22.42
56.85
5.76 46.25 14.45 53.19 4.40
1.62 39.89 72.78 100 41.39
15.94 54.47
95.21 2.02 54.72
37.73
61
10
8
8
7
6
5
4 32
Washington., f
White Whitfield
Wilcox
Wilkes
f
Wilkinson Worth
23.75*
6.34 26.57 6.98
16.98 .92 17.64
60.85 39.15
17.54 14.30
27.73
8.24
40.96 2.79 5.14
70.19
8.68
23.25*
33.44 43.31
37.1 62.9
19.56 16.17 4.98
36.36 64.46
68.16 64.03
51.11 21.13
59.29
example, the ten counties which stand at the top of the list with respect to their valuation (see Table I), and compare them with the ten which are at the foot of the list. The tabulation below sets forth the facts involved. The computations derived from the two sets of figures indicate clearly that wide differences exist. The average school term of the ten highest counties is 8.96 months, whereas that of the lowest ten is 6.43 months. That is to say, that one exceeds the other by about 40%. This means that should a child happen to have been born and reared in one of the wealthy counties, his opportunities are onethird greater with respect to educational progress, than they would be had he been born in or of the other counties involved in the comparison. Could the facts be known and evaluated, it is quite likely that the difference would be greater than these figures indicate.
The larger salaries paid in the more wealthy counties bring into the school teachers with far superior training and with better equipment. The factor thus introduced is one which cannot be evaluated in terms of numeral differences. It is beyond the field of expert calculations. However, they are exceedingly great, and that the differences exist as shown by the figures we have presented is but further evidence of the inequalities within the state.
62
THE TEN COUNTIES WITH HIGHEST ASSESSED VALUATION.
Months of School. Number of Pupils with Each Term. Indicated in the Columns.
9
8
7
Fulton Chatham.. Bibb Richmond Muscogee.. DeKalb Clark Floyd Dougherty Troup .
Total
36,836
8,507
8,616
7,455
6,464
5,867
2,818
4,235
409
974
1,594
3,352
905
85,744
1,314
974
THE TEN COUNTIES WITH LOWEST ASSESSED VALUATION.
Months of School. Number of Pupils with Each Term Indicated in the Columns.
9
8
7
6
5
4
Quitman
204
Chattahoochee.
79
Glascoek
224
Towns
Echols
Union
75 (Inc.)
Dawson
145
Mclntosh Webster Milton
175
131
356
229
275
24
225
628
1,039
162
462
1,491
46
630
35 1,244
Total
1,533
360
221 3,644 2,121
63
A summary of Table V may be made in order to show clearly the conditions which prevail. Such is presented in Table VI. It is a significant fact, for example, that there is one county in which over 90% of its pupils have a school opportunity of but five months; that there are three counties with over 90% of its pupils with a maximum of school opportunely of but six months. A cursory examination of the table will indicate that there are a large number of counties in which a significant percentage of pupils are possessed of only a five or six months school term.
TABLE VI.
Number of Counties offering maximum terms of school opportunities to varying percentage of pupils.
Percentage of Pupils.
4 mo. 5mo.
6 mo. 7 mo.
90% and over. 80% up to 90%. 70% up to 80%. 60% up to 70%. 50% up to 60%. 40% up to 50%. 30% up to 40%. 20% up to 30% 10% up to 20%. 0 up to 10%.
11 12 15
10
10
10
16
11
27
This phase of our discussion may well be brought to a close by calling again to the attention of the reader an affirmation which has been repeatedly stated herein before, that no state can permit such conditions long to exist.
Another unfortunate condition which needs remedying is the fact that so large a percentage of the teachers of the state are both uneducated and untrained professionally. On the basis of a survey of 93 counties of the state, the white teachers exhibit an educational train-
ing as follows:
64
n
3*% are 7th grade graduates. 6 % are 8th grade graduates. 8 % are 9th grade graduates. 111% are loth grade graduates. 27 % are 11 th grade graduates. 13|% are Normal graduates. 5i% are 1 year Normal. 11J% are College graduates. 31% are Jr. college graduates. 9 % are Undergraduates (1 to 3 years.)
.* ^ Tf that there are in the scnools of the state 450 teachers who have had only an education, measured In academic terms, of a 7th grade level; that there are 850 of an 8th grade level; and that there
are only approximately 1,700 who have had the equivalent of what is
regarded as the minimum training for effective school room service a nigh school and normal school education.
This condition is not peculiar to Georgia. There are and have
been other states in which similar conditions have existed, and do now
Set
however, does not justify permitting them longer to
It is quite unthinkable that a teacher with a limited educational experience can with any effectiveness direct the activities of a modern school room. There are those who will contend that such a teacher knows enough more than the children to be able to teach them; that the only requisite is that the teacher shall assign a lesson and hear it recited. Such a position is untenable. Modern methods are not concerned so largely with the giving or getting of information such as is implied m lesson-assigning and lesson-hearing. Rather are they concerned with the creation of those situations in which a child shall through the formation of right habits, and attitudes, and stimulation of interests, educate himself. They are concerned not so much with facts, as with power and personality, as outcomes. Facts to be learned and lessons to be got are merely instrumental. The untrained teacher does not apprehend the significance of such objectives. She sees her task only as that which involves reproduction of the way of teaching such as she herself experienced. In earlier years the lesson-hearing procedure commonly prevailed. Then society was much more simply organized; the demands upon life by way of effective adaptations were far less severe. The home functioned more completely as an educational institution; the parent, older brothers and sisters, participated in the instruction of the young. Today, all this is changed and as a consequence the function of the school has likewise changed
1. Georgia State School Items, June 1, 1924.
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It is because the relation of school and society is so greatly different now as compared with earlier times that special training for participation in its activities is now demanded. The simple life of the frontier is gone; the varied and generous experiences of the large household with its manifold activities in the production and utilization of raw materials, is replaced by the city flat, with limited areas for activities on the part of the child, of a favorably stimulating sort. Conditions in the open areas are also vastly different. The automobile has carried the country to the city, while the radio and the telephone annihilate distances. An education for the children in the country is as much needed as is one for those of the city. Both are a part of the complicated and highly interrelated system of social groups. One depends largely on the other, although each fails frequently to apprehend this intimate relationship. In each, children deserve the best kind of education which society knows how to give.
It is a mistake to maintain that the children of the open country need less of an education than do those of the city. In a large measure it is likewise a mistake to maintain that they need a different kind of education. In both cases are the children already young citizens. They are taking on understandings with reference to our social, political, economic, and spiritual relationships. They are forming opinions with respect to problems which press upon us. They are developing attitudes which shall make of them open-minded, thoughtful, tolerant, yet progressive young men and women; or narrow, impulsive, and biggoted people. The children from the rural area will in may cases migrate to the city. There will be movements in both directions. At the present time the problem of retardation in the graded schools in the cities of the state is due largely to the influx of children from the rural areas, who, because of inferior opportunities and guidance, are belated
in their educational progress.
The children of the open area need, therefore, the best education which we know how to give. No one questions the existence of boundless resources and opportunities for the development of agriculture in the state, with the climate and soil such as it possesses. The first requisite, however, for a realization on these natural resources, is a rural population, intelligent, aggressive and adaptive. A system of schools in which children might be stimulated to effective service and motivated by an allegiance to high ideals of home, civic, and social relations, is the first great need. Nothing but an effective system of schools can bring about such a result; and none save teachers with especial training for the task, and a zeal and special fitness for it, can effec-
tively function.
Among the negro teachers of the state the conditions are still more deplorable. It is hardly too much to say that many of them are quite incapable of effective instruction even on a very low level. This is not to imply that there are no cases in which good teaching is being done. It is too much, however, to expect that in the absence of stimulating
educational experiences on their own part they can rise to a level of vigorous, effective and productive teaching. As herein before intimated, it would doubtless be an expression of a wise policy were the state to supply and adequately maintain some institution in which the teachers for black children of the state could be given effective preparation for their task. This, too, means an expenditure of money, but that it would yield adequate and abundant returns is hardly to be questioned. These people have been, and doubtless will long remain, the principal means by which the cultivation of the soil and other menial tasks, will largely be done. At any rate, they will undoubtedly remain the chief source of manual labor on the lower levels. The more adequately.theref ore, they may be brought to perform these tasks, the more abundant shall be the return on society's investment in them. That they may come financially to carry an adequate share of the burdens of the state, would demand that they become in some way equipped more fully to share in the production of its wealth.
The state will do well, therefore, to give consideration to means whereby those who seek to guide its youth in their quest for an education, shall be fitted for the task. We shall have occasion to consider this somewhat at length in the succeeding part of this discussion.
Comment needs to be made also with respect to another factor most significant in education. Reference is here made to the necessity of supplying an adequate school plant, well equipped with those needful adjuncts to effective teaching.
The first of these is a good building. It should be sanitary, attractive, and a pleasant place in which to live. Pupils should like it because it is so. In it, ideals of right living should be constantly demonstrated ; standards of behavior, and a wholesome outlook on the physical side of life, should be developed. Slovenly, ill-kept and poorly lighted buildings are suggestive of low standards of living. They are symbolic of an outlook on life; they reflect an attitude which is entirely indicative of the kind of character which falls below in the scale of human values. School houses, therefore, should be made clean, attractive and models of sanitation. They serve as a standard against which a child projects his personal experiences and evaluates them. Such standards are of great significance in life.
Low standards express themselves all too frequently in 'a slovenly, unproductive way of living. The elevation, therefore, of standards of life is distinctly a function of the school. Satisfaction with inferior conditions must be replaced bjy a desire for something better. Such a desire adds to a striving for realization, and a larger purposefulness in life. Thi^ is but another aspect of the relation of the school to its community.
Again, within the school there needs to be a bountiful supply of means by which the child may carry on his own education. Such are: books, maps and the like. Books are invaluable. By means of them
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the child may travel the earth over, and live with men in their various activities. Through them he experiences the hard experiences of other races in their struggles and efforts to right the wrongs which they have felt. By means of them he comes to see life in a larger and more significant way. No teacher can hope adequately to stimulate her pupils in a growth-producing manner in the absence of good books.
They become means to this larger end.
Given an adequate school term, with well-trained teachers, in good school buildings, and adequate equipment, one still faces the fact that the desired outcomes may yet be wanting through failure on the part of the pupils regularly to attend. There is need, therefore, to devolope a wholesome sentiment in favor of constant attendance at school. Irregularity destroys, in large measure, the cumulative effect of classroom activities and perverts the morale of the whole school. True it is that these better conditions referred to above do much to gain and retain a high average of attendance. However, there is too great a laxness with respect to the enforcement of the compulsory law. It is only a truism to say that no law is effective in the ab^ sence of a public sentiment which supports it. It is no less true in the case of one requiring a child to attend school. Only as public sentiment comes to value school experiences highly, will a community undertake to put and keep its children in school. Here again a most significant factor is the school itself. Once a community has tasted a good school-well taught, well administered, and well organized -it comes more highly to regard it, and what it can give. It is a reciprocal relationship. A good school stimulates interest in education and interest in education stimulates a good school. Responsibility of the state is clearly apparent in that it needs to interfere m those cases in which poor schools exist and replace them by good ones. As the good effects of such an institution are felt, it will come to pass that the community itself will slowly but surely develop a sentiment
and attitude in support of it.
It needs hardly be remarked that a longer period of compulsory attendance is likewise essential. Growth is always time-consuming. The period of growth and development in man is long. Quite apparently, this is not accidental. Its meaning is obvious. When one contemplates how multitudinous are the experiences which need to be had, the ideals needed to be got, the information which needs to be accumulated in order that effective adjustments may be had, he is convinced that much time is required. A compulsory period including the years of 8 to 14 is quite too short in order that significant outcomes
may result.
Should the state, however, lengthen the period, it creates by so doing, an obligation on its part to make these school experiences significant in the life of the child. There is no justification for elongation of the period in the absence of more significant opportunities. In many cases, but little is gained by attendance on a school with a
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short term, poorly trained teachers, and little or no auxiliary agencies to assist in the processes.of stimulating developmental reactions.
Of significance equal to that of any of the other factors which we have mentioned, and in some respects transcending them, is the administration and supervision furnished the schools. Since in the rural areas this function falls upon the county superintendent, the position which he fills may be regarded as central and significant. In the main, insufficient importance has been attached to it. Too frequently men are elected to it, who, because of unfortunate experiences, make a demand upon the pity of the public and through it win an election. Or with equal frequency the public may place in this office someone who, being quite incapable otherwise to earn a livelihood is saved from further charities. Few, indeed, are they who, thus far have held such a position and been especially trained to the taskand yet it is apparent that the complete success of the schools of the' county depend directly and fully upon its incumbent.
The significance of a well-trained administrative and supervisory officer is fully apparent when one come to understand what he may be expected to do, and what he ought to be.
In the first place, such a person should be an example of the highest type of manhood or womanhood. He should be mentally keen physically alert, and morally sound. His example goes far toward educating, not only the children with whom he comes in contact, but also in stimulating and directing his teachers.
Little by way of training is required in order to keep the simple records and prepare the checks for the payment of teachers. The causual visitations by the ordinary superintendent are purely perfunctory and of relatively little value. The untrained administrator can make few, if any, suggestions of distinct worth to his teachers His relationship is largely that of an employer to his employees. He keeps a record of the period of their engagements, sees that they are paid, and that certain standards of preparation are adhered to His compensation, even on a low level whereon it is often made, is doubtless more than he is worth.
For the development of an effective school system within a county, adequate leadership is an absolute necessity. Such leadership can be provided only by one who has made himself fit for the task through a period of study and preparation represented by at least four years of college experience and a year of graduate work of a purely professional nature. He should be able to organize and stimulate groups of teachers in the study of their tasks; he should be able to guide them in their thinking and provide useful suggestions with respect to their methods. Not only so, but he should be able to demonstrate effectively the theories and practices which he advocateshe should know the best in the professional developments in the field of education; he should be acquainted with the best books and best
in-literature concerning the problems of education; he should b, able to stimulate the people of his county to higher ideals and standards of educational thinking; he should be fearless in the face of cntism when he is sure he is correct; and yet he ^st be tact ul and know how to deal patiently with his patrons. He should be able to lay ou a program, the realization of which may demand a period of years He should strive constantly to lead and stimulate others to work with him.
Such leadership cannot be had so long as the position under question is open only to those who seek it through an appeal to the pubhe franchise. The best men do not seek office in that way; and yet that is the only way, at present, in which the office can be filled Here, then, is another situation which needs remedying An office olI so great importance and significance should be occupied by the best person obtainable for the money available. Adequate standards of training and excellence should be set up and only those ^o ome mttoi a reasonable range of these standards should be admitted to the position. Here again one encounters the fact that such a type of administrative and supervisory officer would require an expenditure far beyond that now paid; but he is worth it.
This part of the discussion will be brought to a close by asking the reader to build up in his imagination, a vision of the rural areas of the state dotted with well-built, well-equipped, well-lighted, wellteachered, well-supervised and well-administered schools to which children troup, because they like them and not because they must in them, to find experiences stimulating and ennobling, resulting in a large and generous outlook on life. One can then imagine how flu> reaching would be the influence of such schools on the development of our natural resources, our social institutions, our economic relations, and our spiritual life. To provide such schools costs much money. Let there be repeated again what has been said before: that it is more costly not to have them.
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PART III.
In this part of the discussion, attention is turned particularly toward the consideration of the problems previously presented, in their relation to the state's ability to deal effectively with them. The specific questions are asked: What can be done about it? Is there a way out of these difficulties?
Search for answer to these questions immediately reveals the existence of certain other problems which need to be understood and dealt with. The interrelation between the various forces which go to make up modern society, and determine the direction of development of its institutions, is so complex that it is quite impossible to isolate the public schools from other social institutions. It is our object, therefore, to set up some of the specific problems and consider them in the light of their relationships, and then to suggest possible ways by which progress may be made toward their solution. It is appropriate again to make the statement that the purpose of this investigation is primarily to set out what the conditions demanding attention are, and then to stimulate thoughtful reactions concerning them. There is no disposition to dispute, but rather to raise these problems into consciousness in order that thoughtful consideration may follow.
It is at once apparent that should an attempt be made to increase the length of the school term, to provide for better trained teachers, to erect better school houses, with better equipment, and to provide adequate and effective supervision, there would be required an additional expenditure of money. There is no escaping the fact that educational service costs money; there is no escaping the fact that effective and significant service costs more than ineffective and inferior. Fundamentally, then, we are concerned with the problem as to how the state may more generously deal with the development of its schools.
At the outset, it is recognized that there will be those who contend that already the state is spending far too large a sum of money upon its schools; they will say that already the taxes are too high! that effort should be made to reduce rather than to increase them 5 that the state is not able financially to bear any additional burdens m the form of further outlays for education.
To these arguments one can reply only by saying that such are always made in opposition to any forward-looking program of social development. Those who maintain the position fail too frequently to realize that such expenditures as we have under contemplation, yield the largest dividends of any which can be made. Furthermore, they fail to take into consideration the wealth and potential resources possessed by the state. It is not so much a question of ability to meet the issue as it is of finding ways in which to do it. This has been the
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experience of other states which have successfully projected a farreaching program and embarked upon its realization. They have found it essential to reorganize their system of taxation; they have been compelled to seek new sources of revenue, and such existThrough a campaign of education thay have developed in the minds of the citizens of the state a consciousness of the need for more effective service and a willingness to provide for it. It is not so largely a question of ability, as it is of realizing to its fullest extent, the paramount importance of the development of a good school system to the growth and unfoldment of the social and economic potentialities of
the state.
One is convinced, as he contemplates the possibilities within our state, that it not only needs to be done, but it can be done. When one finds, as he may, that other states with no greater resources are carrying on a significant, progressive program, he is convinced that Georgia can do it. It may mean, and doubtless does mean, that significant reforms shall need to be made, and that new adjustments be established. All progressive, forward-looking movements are based on such readjustments. This does nor imply that a sudden and abrupt change must be instituted. We are contending for a thoroughgoing consideration of the problems as they now exist, and the development of a thoughtful, earnest desire to meet them. It is the part of wisdom first to be convinced of the necessity for making a change before blindly embarking upon it. To lay out a program which shall extend over a period of years and which shall eventuate in the correction of many defects now existing, is obviously the procedure to follow. We shall undertake, therefore, (1) briefly to restate some of these problems, (2) to suggest what might be done by way of correcting them, (3) to estimate what such procedures would cost, (4) consider in detail some significant relationships in the consideration of the financial factors involved.
A UNIFORM SCHOOL TERM
As we have indicated, an outstanding need is that for a minimum school opportunity of eight months for every child in the state. Whether this should be a continuous and unbroken period is questionable. It is conceivable that in certain localities it would be more desirable that the school be in session during the two periods of the year when the demand for the services of the children is least insistent. We have attempted to indicate the necessity for this minimum period of instruction and school life, and it need not be dwelt upon further. However, at this point, we may insert the question as to what it would cost the state to provide it where lacking.
A relatively accurate estimate of the added cost of providing for a uniform period of instruction may be obtained through a consideration of the facts presented in Table VII. It has been arrived at by choosing a significant number of cases in order to determine what is
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the average salary of the teachers now employed in the four, five, six and seven months schools. It will be observed that the range of salaries is also given, indicating that there are in many cases teachers paid far less than the average sum. That is to say, the range of salaries is very wide. It seems, for example, almost incredible that a teacher should be paid as little as $20.00 per month, and yet such is obviously the case. The data on which the table is based is presented in the survey reports as published in the State School Items.
Table VII. Showing the Salary Range, Average and Average Per Month for Typical Short Term Schools.
(Whites teachers only.)
Term No. of Counties No. of Cases Range
4 months 12 Counties
13
$130.OO-$330.0O
5 months 12 Counties
150
100.00- 500.00
6 months 13 Counties
200
180.00- 510.00
7 months 10 Counties
100
210.00- 600.00
Average
Average
Per
Month
$225.00 295.80 348.61 452.07
$56.28 59.10 58.10 64.60
It is possible, then, noting the average salary for the teachers of these various levels, to compute what additional expenditures would
be required were their period of service to be raised to eight months. At this point reference needs to be made to Table VIII which indicates the number of teachers employed for each period of time less than eight months.
Table VIII. Showing the Number of Teachers Employed for a Short Term. (White Teachers only.)
No. Teachers
1 mo. 2 mo. 3 mo. 4 mo. 5 mo. 6 mo. 7 mo.
Term in Months.
1 1 3 78 633 2528 1502
It is to be understood that these tabulations refer only to the white teachers. An effort was made to determine similar facts concerning the black teachers of the state, but the records were quite inadequate, and the attempt, therefore, was without significant results.
Assuming then] that it were possible to employ teachers at the same relative rate for the full eight months, we have the following results :
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ADDITIONAL SUMS
For the 4 months schools For the 6 months schools "For the 8 months schools For the 7 months schools
$ 17,555.00 37,980.00 149,152.00 97,630.00
202,412.00
A conservative estimate of the amount required to raise the negro schools to a corresponding level, would be $50,000.00. On this basis, then, to provide uniform eight-months schools for the state would require an additional expenditure of not less than $250,000.00.
Another factor, however, needs to be considered. As we have previously pointed out, only the inadequately trained teacher is likely to sell her services for the short period of time. Consequently, were the longer term to be instituted, it is quite likely that it would ne necessary to pay higher salaries since the better trained teachers would be unlikely to be available. This, as we shall note, wouldinreahty.be a significant betterment. However, in order to make our estimate relatively secure, we may safely add an additional $50, 000.00 to provide for the increased cost due to the necessity of employing better trained teachers. We are led, therefore, to the conclusion that the longer and uniform school term would mean an additional expenditure of
hot less than $300,000.00.
It is needless at this point to argue for the necessity of this step. The question may, however, be asked: From what source may the money be had? We shall not attempt at this time to answer that question. The whole matter of the discussion concerning the sources from which additional revenue may be legitimately derived, is reserved for later consideration. We are attempting now only to determine the need and what it would cost to meet it.
BETTER SCHOOL BUILDINGS AND EQUIPMENT
An adequate school plant is essential to effective public education. Since pupils spend from four to five hours each day within the confines of the school room, it is in place to emphasize the necessity of providing an environment which shall be, (1) sanitary and wholesome, and, (2) adapted to the functions of the school.
We have already commented somewhat at length upon the significance of a well-lighted and ventilated school building with proper environmental features characteristic of a high standard of living. By the term "high standard," is meant one which takes account of the significant values in life and attempts to exemplify them. Such would necessitate a building well loacted, in wholesome surroundings, with adequate provisions for sanitary living, adequate provision for recreation, and adequate provision for contributing to the develop-
74
ment of the social life of the community. The interior should be attractive and typify an attractive way of living within itself. A solven ly, unkept, and unwholesome school room exerts an ill effect upon everypupil in it. A clean, wholesome, well-lighted, and appropriately decorated one is effective in the setting of standards of judgement concerning a way in which life may be more effectively lived.
That the state has interested itself somewhat in promoting the development of better school building, is evidenced through the pasage of an Act, (School Code, No. 92) which provides for an annual payment of $1,000.00 to one consolidated High School within a county which shall meet certain standards in construction, curricula, etc., and $500.00 to an elementary school. This is a step in the right direction. The scope of the Act, however, needs to be enlarged so that a similar reward shall be given to any school which shall measure up to a reasonable standard of excellence in its planning and construction. Rather, however, than provide for a payment of a sum annuaUy, it doubtless would be wiser were the state to specify that to any school meeting a resonable standard would be given a sum equal to one-half its cost, provided the same were not to exceed one thousand dollars. Or, if as m the case of the consolidated school, several districts were to be represented in its construction, to multiply this amount by the number of districts so represented.
Such a procedure on the part of the state would serve as a stimulus for the erection of school buildings which would measure up to a justifiable standard of excellence. At the same time it would recognize and stimulate local initiative in planning for such a school and carrying such plans through to completion. What such a procedure would cost is quite impossible to estimate. This is true because there is no way of ascertaining the number of communities which would undertake the development of schools according to the plan. It is a conservative estimate, however, that an annual expenditure of not less than one hundred thousand dollars would be required.
Not only is the school building itself a significant factor, but the working appliances with which it is provided is equally so. There should be an adequate provision for desks, maps, books, and other apparatus. It is apparent that the poorer the community, the great er the need for these kinds of equipment. As in the case of the plan" nmg and construction of the building itself, so also with respect to" their equipment, might the state undertake to supplement funds locally raised. This might be done, for example, through a provision which would stipulate that for every dollar raised locally for the equipment of the schools, the state would give an equal amount. Certain restrictions, of course, would need to be recognized. It would be essential that certain standards with respect to the type of equipment be set up; that provision be made for its proper installation and usethat its books are to be purchased and selected from a list which is known to include only those kinds of books which are most important.
75
How much this would cost is likewise a matter of conjecture. That the state would so be spending its money wisely no one can deny.
It is appropriate at this point, however, to insert a paragraph which shall direct attention to the fact that the appropriations for these provisions should be based upon the ability of the community to pay. It would be manifestly unfair on the part of the state to appropriate money to the wealthier communities which are abundantly able to provide for their own needs, when at the same time a poor community, out of its meager resources might raise a sum, which for it, would represent a far larger degree of effort. There would need be, therefore, a provision which would recognize the ability of each community to supply its own buildings and its own equipment, as measured by its assessed valuation or any other measure of its financial resources out of which funds for the support of its schools must be reahzed. Many problems are presented here. We shall have occasion in pages following to discuss them somewhat in detail.
Another way in which the state might effectively function in stimulating development of adequate school plants in each community, would be in the establishment of a fund from which local communities might borrow at a low rate of interest and repay according to the same plan as they would were they to issue bonds. Such a fund would have advantage over the bond issuing so commonly prevalent, in that the community would suffer no loss from the necessity of selling its bonds below par, or of being compelled to pay a high rate of interest. The state might well charge a reasonable rate of interest on its money, the income therefrom to be returned to the fund. Let us assume, for example, that a fund of one hundred thousand dollars were to be established for this purpose. Having met certain conditions, a community could borrow from it, paying to the state annually a certain percentage of the principal sum with interest. This fund, theref oe becomes significant in that it is constantly in use and constantly growing through the accumulation of interest collected from those who borrow. As the need increases, futher appropriations might be made to it In this manner the state might the more easily obtain adherence to adequate building standards. It could loan its money only when
such obtained.
The value of these two ways of promoting the development of the schools is apparent. In the first place, it would serve to stimulate the erection of modern buildings in the rural areas. In the second place it would be somewhat of an equalizing plan since the limitation of the amount of money to be expended on one school would make possible, in the erection of the large city schools, that a small fraction only of its cost might be obtained from the state. It is futher possible and no doubt advisable, that the standard amount of money received from the state be supplemented by additional grants proportioned
to the ability of any particular community to pay. A plan might easily be devised by which such a procedure could be carried out.
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PROVIDING ADEQUATELY TRAINED TEACHERS.
A good teacher is the first requisite for a good school. As has already been indicated, a good teacher is not one who assigns lessons and hears them recited. He is more than that. Effective teaching consists in the creation of a situation to which pupils respond in such manner as to promote intellectual, social, and moral development The narrow conception that the school is a place in which facts alone are learned is inadequate. The school m.ust be more than that. It serves not only as a means for developing ideas, but also, and more significantly, for the setting up of standards of judgement, ideals, motives, and purposes; for effectively directing the experiences of the child to the end that he may acquire the basic skills, power in thinking and the elements of an effective personality. For this kind of teaching there is required more than the bare experience furnished by graduation from the 7th ot 8th grades, and certainly not less than that from a high school. Better, the additional experience which one gets by special preparation for the work. The country over there is a growing conviction that three years beyond the high school must ultimately constitute the minimum training for the teachers in the public schools. That such is a standard toward which the state should strive to raise its teachers, is clearly beyond agrument.
What are the conditions now prevailing? It has already been pointed out thet a large percentage of the teachers of the state are graduates of the 7th to 8th grade schools. Many more have a part or all of high school training, and a still smaller percentage, a professional normal school preparation.
According to the data supplied by the reports in the state survey published in the State School Items, there are in the state, 13,033 white teachers. On a basis of a report previously referred to, 3-|% of teachers are 7th grade graduates only, 6-l-5%are 8th grade graduates, 8-1-5% are 9th grade graduates, and ll-J% have completed the 10th grade- 27% have completed the 11th grade.
On this basis, we are presented with the startling fact that over a half of the white teachers of the state have had no educational experience beyond the high school. The probabilities are that a very few of this number have had more than a mere smattering of a professional preparation such as might have been had in attendance on some short summer school courses. It is clearly signigicant and appalling that a third of the teachers have had no training beyond the 10th grade.
It is quite impossible to estimate the cost to the state resulting from the empoyment of so large an army of untrained workers It needs little argument to establish the fact that the most expensive service is that of the untrained, inexperienced, inadequately prepared teacher. This is true because of the fact that her lack of understanding of what is to be done and how it is to be done, results in a loss of
77
time, in the useless expenditure of energy, and an establishment of misunderstandings, bad habits, and wrong attitudes toward the school and toward life. Such results are not measurable in terms of money, but rather in terms of character, personality, purposes, and ideals, the ultimate outcomes of life's experiences. It is impossible to estimate what the state thus loses through the failure on the part of its youth to grow into these higher attitudes and understandings through
inadequate guidance.
What can be done about it? Certainly there is a way out. In the first place, there must be a determination to better conditions. The whole question thus opened up involves the certification of teachers
by the state.
It is not our purpose at this point to discuss the certification plan now in operation. Rather is it appropriate to make clear the magnitude of the problem and to estimate what it would cost to remedy itThis may be done by assuming what is probaly true, that the average salary of these poorly trained people is in the neighborhood of $60.00 per month. This estimate is based upon the computation previously made concerning the average salary of the short-term teachers. It is quite likely that a well trained teacher could not be had for less than $80 00 per month. Even on such a basis only the less expert could be got. due to the fact that through high salaries and more attractive environments the best teachers are being culled out of the remainder of the
state by the large cities. Into them naturally drift the more ambitious and successful teachers. Until, therefore, the rural areas can pay a salary large enough to compete with that of the city they cannot hope to attract and hold teachers of the highest ability. Be that as it may, the fact remains that to employ teachers of a higher level of training would involve an additional expenditure of not less than $30.00 per month. Assuming that eight months as the minimum term and basing the estimate on the total number of untrained teachers now in the state there wold be involved an additional expenditure of not less than'$l 500,000.00 in order to provide for a higher level of service. It is possible that this estimate is too low. It is doubtful as to whether well trained teachers could be obtained for the salary level indicated. In view of the fact that living expenses are comparatively low m the rural areas and small towns, it is possible that it could be done.
For the betterment of the conditions which we are describing, it is not necessary that the state attempt immediate and complete correction. It would be impossible so to do. In the first place, the faculties for the traning of teachers are already inadequate. Were the level of the preparation to be raised, there would be presented at once the problem as to the sources from which trained teachers might be had A wiser procedure, and the only workable one, would be that the state expand its teacher-training facilities and at the same time gradually raise the level of salaries along with the imposition of higher standards of certification. A plan could easily be developed, as a result of which, at the expiration of five to ten years, it might reason-
78
ably be expected that the academic training and professional preparation would be raised to a satisfactory level. By that time, of course, still higher requirements will have been generated. But it is impor" tant that a vigorous beginning be made in bettering the preparation of the teachers in the schools of the state.
We need to press this point futher. If the State is to supply itself with professionally prepared teachers and administrators, it is imperative that a larger and more generous support be given to its institutions out of which these teachers must for the most part come. There are three possible ways in which contributions to the solution of the problem may be made.
(1) By the further establishment of teacher-training classes in high schools.
(2) The enlargement of facilities for the training of teachers in the Normal Schools, (Teachers' Colleges).
(3) The expansion of the opportunity for professional traiinng in the State University.
It is universally admitted that the establishment of teacher train. ing classes in connection with high schools is but an expedient and not a solution. The State is already involved in this procedure. It needs little by way of discussion to indicate the impotence of the plan as a permanent method of supplying trained teachers. This is true because :
(1) The amount of professional work supplied is so little as to be comparatively worthless.
(2) The classes are frequently if not usually taught by those who are themselves untrained and
(3) It is done in an atmosphere which is not productive of the development of a professional attitude.
It is too much to expect that the introduction of two or three courses in the Senior year of the High School curriculum will suffice to furnish experience on which effective training can be established. Then, too. opportunities are rarely provided for practice teaching or observation. The whole plan amounts to little more than learning something about teaching, such as may be got from reading of a book. It may be argued that it is better to have teachers with little than no training. That of course is admitted, but it is not the point at issue. If the State is to set its standard on such a level as modern educational progress demands, it can be satisfied with nothing less than professionally trained teachers in every school; and such training cannot be got in a teacher-training class in a high school. An expedient is never a solution.
The present teacher-training institutions of the State need more generous support in order that their teaching staffs may be enlarged and adequate provision made for the enrollment of a greater number of students. An examination of the programs of these institutions is
79
sufficient evidence of the fact that they are seriously handicapped thru a limited number of instructors, and a paucity of adequate facilities for carrying out their functions. Not only should the teaching staff be enlarged, but better trained teachers should be had. Each of these institutions should devote itself whole heartedly to the task of training young men and women to apprehend the significance of the task of teaching and to fit them for it. We have already endeavored to point out that this is a time-consuming undertaking. It cannot be done quickly. Even at the best, the results are all too unsatisfactory.
A highly selected group of instructors should be brought together in these institutions. Such cost money. It ought to demand no argument to establish the principal that the very best, and none but such, should serve as the teachers of those who are themselves to function similarly with respect to the youth of the State. All this means that the State needs clearly to convince itself that a much wider and deeper program needs to be initiated than now exists.
The above remarks are not intended in any way as unfavorable criticism of the institutions under discussion. They are doubtless doing the best they can with the means and facilities available. It is intended, however, most emphatically to affirm that the present arrangement is entirely unsatisfactory because it is inadequate. No more important problem confronts the State than this.
Given an adequate provision for the training of teachers in the institutions now dedicated to that purpose, there still remains a significant addition without which no program can long continue to be effective. There should be provided, preferably in the State University, a School of Education so thoroughly staffed, and generously supported, that it may be able to maintain a program designed particularly to train administrators and supervisors for the special tasks befalling them. Since the great majority of such officers are graduate students, it is proper that such a school be largely on a graduate level. Not only must it concern itself with the training of administrators and supervisors, but of equal importance is the part it should play in the whole scheme of educational development with respect to carrying on research in the field. This function is most important.
The progressive movements in the field of education are necessarily slow in finding their application in the schools at large. Such movements originate somewhere, and gradually work themselves down thru successive levels until the technique involved becomes more or less common property. Such a process may take ten to twenty years; and in some cases longer. The reason is at once apparent. It is largely because untrained teachers, administrators, and supervisors become more or less fixed in their attitudes and unchanging in their methods. A school system becomes adjusted to certain procedures and any new thing must overcome such inertia, oftimes almost insurmountable. A higher training school such as we have mentioned serves chiefly to turn out into the State men and women with a large and generous outlook on
80
the problems of education and who at the same time are equipped with ideas which enable them to judge of the worth of new movements, and, when advisable, to put them into operation.
Not only so, but such an institution ought, as stated, itself to be experimenting in many directions, in order to determine better ways of selecting and organizing worthwhile material, more effective methods of school organization, and more productive ways of teaching. Such experiments cannot well be carried on in the public schools. In the first place, to depart widely from customary procedure is likely to place a school "out of joint" with other schools in the State so that students passing from it to others do not "fit in." Such a condition, however, is no evidence of the fact that changes are not advisable and that better methods do not exist. It would be the function of this higher training school to experiment in order that its findings may be passed on to the schools of the State, and indeed, to the world at large. Such experimentation is costly. In the first place, highly trained men and women alone are capable of directing it. In the second place, the classes involved are small and as a consequence their instruction is costly. In the third place, the equipment is expensive. It is only, however, thru the application of scientifically accurate experimental procedure that educational progress is certain and can hope to succeed. That the State would derive benefits from such an institution is at once apparent. Its prestige would be greatly enhanced, and its schools significantly bettered.
One may legitimately inquire as to what such an expanded program would cost. Any reply, as. has already been pointed out, must take a number of factors into consideration. It would be safe to say that the Normal Schools of the State ought to have no less than double the support they enjoy with a likelihood of a constant increase as the demands upon them grow. The development of an effective department in the State University would cost not less than $50,000.00 per year. Therefore, it is apparent that an expanded program would involve an additional expenditure of not less than $250,000.00 per year. This added sum is not too much to expend in the preparation of the teachers of the State. In fact it is far too little.
PROVIDING ADEQUATE ADMINISTRATION AND SUPERVISION
Reference has already been made to the importance of effective administration and supervision. It would be an evidence of weakness that the State embark upon a program aimed to provide better teachers without at the same time providing for better administration and supervision.
Mention has been made above of the significance of an adequately organized and staffed School of Education in connection with the State University. To it might be delegated the function of providing trained men and women for these executive positions. Undoubtedly a considerable number could be developed in the Teachers' Colleges.
81
There is, however, a new aspect of the question which needs to be discussed. Reference is made to the inadequacy of the present standards for selecting and employing the County Superintendent. A reform is needed here, but the question at once presents itself as to the way according to which such an officer could be paid a salary which his training and experience should demand. According to the present State law, the County Superintendent is elected by popular vote and is paid a minimum of $450.00 per annum, with an additional allowance of $150.00 for the purpose of defraying expenses of visiting schools within his county. The Board of Education may supplement this sum from county funds to an amount which they themselves have the right to determine.
There are many weaknesses in the present plan. We have already discussed that manifest in the election of this administrative officer by popular vote. Another resides in the low salary which accompanies the position. This scale of compensation is a remnant of a more ancient organization than modern education demands. It reflects the attitude widely prevalent that the prine ipal function of this officer consists in the making of adequate records of teachers employed, certificates granted, and monies expended. This is a purely clerical function and is by far the least of those which such an officer should discharge. To employ a highly trained man or woman who is able to meet the demands of the office requires a distinctly higher level of qualification and compensation than now exists. Three factors, therefore, at once appear as demanding consideration.
(1) Appointment to the office.
(2) A higher level of qualification.
(3) A higher level of compensation.
To the latter of these three points alone will the discussion at this point be directed.
Undoubtedly a salary level of not less than $2500.00 per annum, with an additional $1,000.00 for office and other expenses, is a minimum on which to expect adequate service from such an officer. Immediately one is confronted with at least two significant problems:
1st. The source of such funds.
2nd. The unit of supervision.
The wide differences in the abilities of the counties to provide for adequate financial backing of their educational machinery would suggest the principle that these officers be paid by the State. This would be one step in the direction of equalizing the educational opportunities for its children.
This arrangement would possess an additional value in that a closer articulation would be established between the State Department and its representative in the person of this administrative officer. That this intimate relationship should exist is in need of no argument. It
82
is not the purpose of this discussion to attempt to defend the establishment of a highly centralized organization of schools within the State. Such, undoubtedly, should not exist; but the relationship between the State Department and the schools within the borders of the State should be one of helpful co-operation and stimulation. It should not attempt to dictate save insofar as it sets up standards and requires adherence thereto. There are, however, certain functions which the State Department needs to discharge. Such are:
(1) The promotion of State-wide interest in schools.
(2) The setting up of certain standards of school buildings, teacher training, administration and supervisions, etc.
(3) The collecting and interpretation of data concerning the schools of the State.
(4) The securing of adequate legislation in the interest of the schools of the State.
(5) The disbursement of State funds in such a manner as adequately to carry out the above functions.
In order to do these things, it is essential that the county administrator be intelligent, aggressive and progressive; that he be in sympathetic touch with the plans and purposes of the State Department and that he bear to the County the same relation as does the State Department to the State. It is significant, therefore, that the county Officer be a man who is capable of discharging such obligations to the State Department. If, therefore, he be compensated by the State, it, injturn, can establish standards in order to secure men who are willing to co-operate with the plans and purposes of the State Department. It is clearly understood, however, tha.t only insofar as its own standardslare concerned should the State attempt to dictate to this County Officer. He should be possessed of a wide margin of freedom to develop within the County a system of schools which are adequate to meet its needs. Again we are confronted with the outstanding question as to just what such a programe would cost. The large number of counties in the State is a factor which is of no little significance in connection with this problem. Placing the cost for each officer at $3500.00 would mean a total annual expenditure of $560,000. This would represent an expenditure over that of the present plan of between $300,000 and $400,000.
But there is another factor concerned which is of significance. Reference has been made to the fact that a number of the counties of the State are small and possessed of but a few teachers. To employ a high salaried administrator to supervise a small number of teachers is clearly inadvisable. The percentage of total school expenditures devoted to administration and supervision under such conditions becomes exorbitantly high and is not defensible.
For the purpose of making this point clear, Table 13 has been prepared. In preparation of this table the five counties in the State having more then 250 teachers each have been left out.
83
TABLE XIII
Showing number of Teachers, (White and Black) in the Counties of the State.
Number of Teachers
White and Black
20-- 29 30-- 39 40-- 49 50-- 59 60-- 69 70-- 79 80-- 89 90-- 99 100--109 110--119 120--129 130--139 140--149 150--159 160--169 170--179 180--189 190--199 200--209 210--219 220--229 230--239 240--249
Number of Counties
5 9 7 17 17 14 11 15 4 13 6 6 8 7 3 3 1 1 4
2 2
From this table it is apparent that 13.1% of the counties of the State have less than 50 teachers; 42.1% have less than 80 teachers; and 59.4% have less than 100 teachers. These figures include both white and black teachers.
e For the purpose of making the problem still more apparent, Tabl 14 has been compiled to show, by counties, the distribution of white teachers.
84
TABLE XIV
Showing the Distribution of the White Teachers in the Counties of the State.
No. of Teachers
10-- 19 20-- 29 30-- 39 40-- 49 50-- 59 60-- 69 70-- 79 80-- 89 . 90-- 99 100--109 110--119 120--129 130--139 140--149 150--159 160--169 170--179 180--189 190--199 Over 200
No. of Counties.
3 16 15 18 25 15 12 5 15 10 2 6 2 1 3
5 Range, 10 (Quitman)-1292 (Fulton)
It is interesting to note that there are three counties with less
than 20 white teachers, 16 with less than 30; 15 with less than 40, etc This opens up an entirely new problem.
It will be worth while to consider a solution of this problem in the light of the following facts:
(1) It is apparent that to employ a highly trained and highly paid administrator for a very small number of teachers would be indefensible.
(2) The supervision of the black teachers might probably best be done by one of that color and race.
(3) A sufficient number of teachers need to be assigned to each officer in order that the cost of administration and supervision may not be exorbitantly high.
Further light is thrown on this problem thru a consideration of
the number of white pupils that are now enrolled in the schools of the counties of the State.
Table 15 has been compiled to present these facts, again omitting the five most populous counties.
85
TABLE XV
Showing the Distribution of the White Pupils Enrolled in the Schools of the Counties of the State.
No. of Pupils
No. Counties
200-- 299 300-- 399 400-- 499 500-- 599 600-- 699 700-- 799 800-- 899 900-- 999 1000--1099 1100--1199 1200--1299 1300--1399 1400--1499 1500--1599 1600--1699
1 2 1 2 6 2 7 8 7 2 2 4 2 3 33 RRaanngge, 204 (Quitman)-1692 (Atkinson)
It is evident that there are a number of counties with a school enrollment so low as to make it inadvisable, if not impossible, to assign to such a full time, highly trained, administrative officer. The table has been based, as has been said, upon the number of pupils enrolledWere the compulsory age to be widened, and pupils who thus would be obligated put into school, these numbers would be significantly changed-
Several possibilities suggest themselves:
(1) The grouping of counties with a small number of teachers to form a district over which a highly trained administrative officer might preside. With him and under his direction might be associated a well trained negro supervisor who would bear to the negro schools the same relation as does he to the white. That such a grouping of counties would be possible is apparent. The objections to the plan of course are numerous and, in some cases, might be serious; but it is not a new idea in school administration. Since the executive officers are to be paid by the State, the question as to the source of the funds from which the compensation is to be derived is not one to be considered. The expenditure of the money raised locally in each county would still be largely in the hands of the County Board of Education, directed, of course, by this officer. That there are objections to the plan is admitted, but they are not insurmountable.
(2) In small counties it would be possible to employ as a principal of one of the larger schools of the county, a well trained man or woman who might serve at the same time as the administrative and supervisory officer of the county. Since there would be but a small number of outlying schools, such an arrangement would not demand a great
86
amount of his time. He should qualify, however, according to the best standards of his office, and his salary from the local unit be supplemented by funds from the State to an amount sufficient to make it possible to obtain a person of the desired type and training. This plan is not a new one. It prevails in several states.
(3) It would be possible also to continue the plan as now in opera-
tion according to which the County Superintendent is strictly a County
Officer and responsible only within the confines of the county. Were
the State to assume responsibility for his salary, any additional drains
upon the finances of the County unit would be avoided. It becomes
fundamentally a question as to the advisability of expending so large
a percentage of school funds on administration and supervision. Clearly
if the State is to exemplify in its own practice what is regarded as effi-
cient school organizations, it cannot sanction this plan. On the other
hand, it must apparently give its m a much higher type of County
support to some Administration.
pprroggrraam m
eevveennttuuaattmingg
The data which has been assembled and thus far presented points conclusively to the necessity of providing for ways in which the defects so obvious may be remedied. It is admitted that some of the data is imperfect because of the fact that that concerning the schools is also imperfect. This is particularly true with respect to the negro schools However, as we have previously indicated, it is likely that it is sufficiently reliable to yield conclusions which may be accepted as typical of conditions existing.
87
A STUDY OF THE CORRELATIONS BETWEEN SIGNIFICANT
FACTORS INVOLVED IN FINANCING THE SCHOOLS OF
THE STATE
It is the purpose of this section to deal with the relations existing between a large number of factors involved in financing the schools of the State. These relations are made objects of study primarily because only as one comes clearly to understand the relationships existing, is it possible to set out any adequate method of remedying those
which demand change.
In previous paragraphs comment has been made with respect to certain measures of financial ability to support public schools such as- the per teacher valuation, the per pupil expenditure, the expenditure per $1,000.00 of assessed valuation, etc. We need now to determine how these various measures are related to one another. If, for example, it might be shown that a high per teacher valuation is always accompanied by a high per pupil expenditure, we might be certain that a wealthy community always gives generous support to its schools. Again, if it were demonstrable that a high assessed valuation were always accompanied by a low tax rate in mills, the conclusion might legitimately be reached that wealthy communities pay less proportionately to these public institutions than do the poorer communities. In the paragraphs following, such relationships are discussed. It will be necessary to explain briefly the meanings of the terms used and something
of the method employed.
We may best begin by using an illustration:
There bas been presented in Table 2 the per teacher valuation for each county. likewise, in Table 3 the per teacher expenditure in each county. It is clear that we have given two measures of significance The first is an expression of the ability of a county to support its schools; and the second, an expression of the performance on the part of the county in doing so. If the counties were to be ranked in such manner as that the one with the highest per teacher valuation were at one end of the list, and the one with the lowest valuation at the other and then, if a similar procedure were followed with respect to the per teacher expenditure, we might ask (and answer) the following
questions: Does the county, with the highest per teacher valuation, expend the largest amount of money per teacher?
Or: does the county with the lowest per teacher valuation expend the least amount of money per teacher?
A similar question might be stated with respect to the counties in between the extremes. Now, if it were true that the county with the highest per teacher valuation were to expend the largest amount per teacher, and if each county following were to do the same, in a corresponding order, we would have a condition described as a complete.
hhiigJhweis-t
peT r teach1e0rn'valu"a'tionn
the
were
ttoheerxpheanndd'ththeelecaosut np^er
wteitahchtehre
and the county with the lowest per teacher valuation were to expend
the most per teacher with intermediate measures similarly related we
should then have a reverse ranking or a complete "negative correla-
The above illustration is introduced for the purpose of making c ear the use of the term "coefficient of correlation." It finds its application in connection with an effort to describe the degree or extent to which two series of varying measures correspond when ranked in the manner above suggested. If the two series, when ranked, correspond exactly, one with the other, that is, the highest in one is also the highest in the other, and the lowest in one is the lowest in the other, and the intermediate measures similarly rank, the relationship is expressed by saying that the correlation is +1.00. If the item highest in one series is accompanied by the lowest measure in the other, and so on the relation is expressed by saying that the correlation is -1.00 In this manner, by extending the concept, the degree of correspondence between two series of measures may be expressed in terms of a decimal, varying ' from +1 00 to -1.00. Thus, the correlation between per teacher valua tion (white teachers only) and the per teacher expenditures, (white" teachers only) as expressed in the series of measures in the tables referred to is +719. This may be interpreted by saying that the tendency for a high per teacher valuation to be accompanied by a high per teacher expenditure is significant because it is a high percentage of 1.00 which would mean a complete correspondence.
Another factor needs to be noted because it is significant with regard to an understanding of what has been stated. Since but a limited number of cases are used in studies such as ours, it is apparent that they do not represent a universality or what would be true could an unlimited number of such measures be made. There immediately arises the question, therefore, as to how reliable is the measure in handIn short one wishes to know whether or not the measure of correlation which he has foundis one on which he can rely upon as representing a real relation. Or, again, within what limits it may be regarded as itrue. Such a measure of reliability is found in the "probable error '
no ^l0rr!latin WMch haS been above Presented the probable error s .02 The description of the meaning of the term may be made by saying that the probabilities are one to one that the correlation is true withm the limits of .719 + .02 (.721) and .719 - .02 (.717). In the illustration under discussion the correlation is high and many times its probable error. If the correlation were low or the probable error high it would be of little significance.*
For the purpose of illustrating the use of the term still further we may introduce another correlation which is at the same time sig!
*. The reader is referred to any one of a number of books dealing with statistical methods for further discussion of these concepts.
nificant from the standpoint of our study. Between the per teacher valuation (total number) and the percentage of the total expenditures derived from the State, there is found to be a correlation of --.402. This is to be understood as meaning that the counties with a high per teacher valuation tend to take from the State a smaller percentage of the total expended on the schools than do those with a low valuation. The reverse of this statement would be that counties with smaU per teacher valuations derive from the State a relatively large percentage of the total expenditure for schools. The probable error is found to be .013, so that the correlation is significant since it is many times its probable error. Were the correlation --1, we could then say that the county with the highest per teacher valuation derives the smallest percentage of its expenditures from the State and the county with the lowest per teacher valuation derives the highest percentage of its total expenditures from the State. Since the coefficient of correlation is only --.404, ( + .013) we may interpret it as meaning that there is a significant tendency for the relationship involved to manifest itself.1.
i. It is appropriate that comment be made with reference to the manner in which the correlations have been derived. The reader will find in the tables previously presented the data on which the majority
of them are based.
The grouping of measures is indicated in the graphs accompanying the tables. The paired measures were entered on cross section paper to form a "scatter diagram" and the correlation computed accord-
ing to the following equation:
6^2
di Z^
This is but a modification of the usual Pearsonian formula:
^*y
NcrxGry
We may proceed to the examination of other correlations which are significant in the understanding of the problems we are investigating. The more important, including the ones already presented, are tabulated below, and will be discussed in the paragraphs following:
90
. 1. Per teacher valuation (White)
Correlation
Per teacher expenditures 2. Per teacher valuation (Total)
+.719
Percentage of total expenditures
derived from the State
--.404
3. Per teacher expenditure (White)
Expenditure per $1,000.00 valuation
+ 39
4. Per teacher valuation (White)
Expenditure per $1,000.00 valuation
_ 214
5. Per teacher valuation (White and
Black). Per pupil expenditure... 6. Per teacher expenditure
+.53
Percentage Satisfactory certifi-
cate (White). _
+.447
7. Per teacher Valuation (White)
Percentage of Satisfactory Certi-
ficate (White)
+.442
8. Expenditure per $1,000.00 Valuation
Percentage Satisfactory certifi-
cate (White) 9. Per Pupil Expenditure.
+-05
Number of White Teachers in County
+318
10. Per Teacher Expenditure (White and
Black, Tax rate in Mills
--.09
11. Assessed Valuation
Tax rate in Mills
_ 20
12. No. of Pupils in County.
Percentage of Total Expenditures
received from the State 13. Expenditures Per Pupil.
--. 235
Percentage of Total Expenditures from the State 14. Per Pupil Expenditure.
--.962
Number of Negro Teachers. 15. Per Capita Wealth.
+.19
Per Pupil Expenditure, (144 Counties)
16. No. of White Teachers.
+ 59
No. of Negro Teachers Partial Correlation
1. Number White Teachers.
2. Number Negro Teachers.
3. Per Pupil Expenditures.
+.484
*13.2 r23.1 r21.3
= .264 = .043 = .32 91
Probable Error + .02 .045 .045 + .051 .038 .043 .043 .053
.048 + .053 .051 .050 .004
.051
.035
.041
Comment has already been made with respect to the correlation (+.719) existing between per teacher valuation and per teacher expenditures. It is appropriate to call attention to the fact that the measure of ability to support schools as evidenced by the high per teacher valuation is attended in general, by a high performance as measured in per teacher expenditures. In short, the evidence indicates that those counties in which a considerable amount of wealth is concentrated actually spend a relative large amount on schools.
Closely related to the above is the negative correlation (-.404) exhibited in the case of the per teacher valuation and the percentage of total expenditure derived from the State. This is in reality what one would naturally expect. In the case of the county with a low per teacher valuation, one would expect little to be paid out of local rev enues and that, as a consequence, reliance would be had largely on funds derived from the State as a means of supporting schools. It needs to be noted in connection with this correlation that it is not of a typical straight line type. The coefficient of correlation by the Pearsoman method is -.404. The correlation ratio (eta) is -.495, which corrected by the Kelly Formula gives -.42. The application of the Blakeman criterion on linearity (see Rugg's Statistical Methods applied to Education, page 283) indicates that the relationship under discussion is not a straight line one. Consequently we are led to the acceptance of a correlation ratio, (-.495 or -.42), as a measure of the relationship.
Between the per teacher expenditure (White) and the expenditure per $1,000.00 valuation is a positive correlation (+.39) significant, al though not high. We again have a condition which we would anticipate- namely, that in a general way, the per teacher expenditure is positively related to the assessed valuation of the county, but since the correlation is not complete, there is also evidence that some counties with a low per $1,000.00 valuation are really expending in propor
tion large amounts on their schools.
The negative correlation of -.214 between the per teacher valuation (White) and the expenditure per $1,000.00 valuation is suggestive only. It indicates a tendency. It is to be explained on the basis of the fact that a high per teacher valuation is evidence of the existence of a large taxable value, so that, as a result, relatively large sums are realizable thereon, without, at the same time, producing a high expenditure per $1,000.00 of valuation. It is to be noted, however, that the correlation is not high, suggesting that there are cases in which a low per teacher valuation is accompanied by relatively high expenditures
per $1,000.00 valuation.
Evidence similar to the above is carried in the correlation (+.53) between the per teacher valuation (White and Black) and pupil ex. penditure. Although not high, it is significant, and points clearly to the fact that a high per teacher valuation tends to be accompanied by a large per pupil expenditure. This again is what one would expect; but on the other hand, since the correlation is not perfect, it is obvious
92
SK"TM We many CaSeS in which the relation does not hold com-
r. ompu*atlons were made ^th respect to the percentage of teachers n each county possessed of satisfactory certificates. The table
mmeeTanm5TM ng cofStthVe"?ter*m**?"S^ ati^ sfa^ ctor*y CtM er*tifSitcUadtey"' pisrimdaifrfUicyulbtetcoaudseefitnhee.
It has however, some significance in that a standard set up by the
fthhaftt
tth?ePdH erfiTMn?itionhaoSf
tbh6eentemrmet-is
The reaSOn
difficult to
Why we
make is
take the
because
Pthseicern-
tificate m and of itself is not evidence of a high level of ability to teach.
Be that as it may, the fact remains that a satisfactory certificate in-
dicates a certain level of academic accomplishment, together with a
certain amount of professional training. Between the per teacher
expenditure and.the percentage of satisfactory certificates (white)
is a positive correlation +.447) high enough to be significant, and
points unmistakably to the fact that the amount of money expended
for schools is distinctly related to the placing therein of teachers with
acceptable academic and professional preparation.
In the same manner, a positive correlation (+.442) between the
per teacher valuation (white) and the percentage of satisfactory cer
tificates points likewise to an intimate relationship existing between-
the financial resources of the county and its ability to secure ade-
quately trained teachers.
ovure aae
The correlation (+.05) between expenditures per $1,000.00 of valuaas'oTe n?glign;Teentage " SafefaCt0ry Certificates ^ite) is so small
Between the per pupil expenditure and the number of white teach-
s71r^tCTvfy"1S a P0sitive correlation (+.318) which is somewhat significant. This would point, however, to the fact that a large num-
ber of white teachers is not necessarily accompanied by a high per
pupil expenditure, nor is the reverse true. A probable explanation
of the low correlation lies in the fact that in those counties in which
there is a large number of white teachers, there tends to be also a large
number of cities and towns of considerable size in which there is con-
l^Ttt ? ' W6alth: the ther hand there
which there is a relatively large number of
is a number teachers, for
othf ecomuonsttiepsairnt
m rural schools The evidence, such as it is, points toward the fact that
thereis some little relationship between the number'of white teachers and the per pupil expenditures.
Between the per teacher expenditure (white and black) and the tax rate m mills is a low negative correlation (-.09). It is so low in fact as to be negligible. The interpretation is that the amount of money spent on teachers has little influence on the tax rate in mills.
Between the assessed valuation and the tax rate in mills is also a low (-.20) correlation. It is significant, however, that it is negative since it points clearly to the fact that high assessed valuations are not
accompanied by high tax rates as is commonly assumed. In short, it is evidence that a slight tendency in the opposite direction exists.
Between the number of pupils in the county and the Percentage of total school expenditures received from the State is a l0J J-f ?JS tive correlation. This is explicable on the basis of the fact that a high pupil population is found chiefly in those counties wherein cities or
owns 3'considerable size are found. As has already been pom ed out the larger amount of wealth in such counties makes possible the realization of larger sums from taxation as a result f "toon * ****TM small amount is obtained from the State. Alth^V V^nf a rela^ not high, it is significant because it points in the direction of a rela ttonsnfp which needs to be borne in mind in contemplating the educa-
tional needs of the State.
One of the most striking relations is that existing between the expenditure per pupil and the percentage of the total school expenditure received from the State, (-.962). This is clearly a very high cor relation and of great significance. It is a typical curvilinear relation ship. Reference to Diagram 11 will give to the reader some conception of the relations of the measures in question. It is clearly a-non-linear distribution. The correlation ratio (eta) is -.962, and is evidence of an
almost complete negative relationship.
It is to be interpreted somewhat as follows: Counties with a high school expenditure are quite necessarily those with a high assessed valuation. As a consequence they spend large sums per pupil and the percentage thereof received from the State is low, and the larger the sums so spent, the smaller is the percentage. The reverse othest*to ment would be that counties with low valuations really spend but small sums per pupil. Of the sums so spent, a large percentage is received L the State. It is to be noted, furthermore, that thereat majority of the measures fall between a per pupil expenditure of ten to twenty dollars and a percentage between 17.5 and 60. The range, therefore,
with respect to both of them is very wide.
Note needs to be made of the fact that one pair of measures (for Fulton County) with values .037-83 are not represented in the diagramWere these to be plotted, the curve would approach very close to the abcissa It will be noted further, that in the case of one county, over 97i%of its school .expenditures was received from the State. The sig nificance of these facts is at once apparent. The amount of money which the State contributes to the support of schools is m no case sufficient to make it possible for them to be developed on an adequate level. One is driven back, therefore, to the fundamental facts so frequentlyheretofore expressed, that vast inequalities exist, quite entirely as a result of equally great differences in the abilities of school units ade
quately to develop them.
We may comment now on three correlations which have been calculated with the specific purpose in mind of determining the relations they bear to one another. Between the per pupil expenditure and the
94
number of negro teachers is a positive correlation, but relatively low (+.19). Between per capita wealth and per pupil expenditures is a positive (+.59) correlation relatively high. This, indeed, is as one would expect. Between the number of white teachers and the number of negro teachers is a positive (+.484) correlation of significance. Here again the outcome is such as one would anticipate since in those counties with a large population-, there is in most cases a correspondingly large number of negro inhabitants. The tendency, therefore, for a large number of negro people to be found in these counties with a large number of white inhabitants is evidenced in the correlation.
Exj*naHur pr PQJJU . In Doll*r
;- 6 1 'j 7 r
/O - fl 'J ." /i /* t? rf /? 30 31 33 35 Jy 36 3i i 5f -?? 30 3/ 3133 3*35 34- 37 37 3<i
SU
A5
Ml
lit
/t.i
/It
11.
Jli
K
'
1
M 111
1 Kt
in ill.
? Hi
i. i:
^.^^
^<T . *
. -^s*. 1 ' * ><x : -
^-
u T '! /
-.
*'
-- -- -" """
---4--
i 1.
J-l
1 -'' I m 1
i (li
i M
u 1,1 *
1 Ui 7>\
/
" /' /" .
1 1
1
'..
4- i)
\-
>i
1
Aalitt.sa.lci'd.,?afr *(- rt_~id^ts_
'Ekte:i'aiiiLO.ttizSki_^
...
-L 'V 'i
- ~ ::
"
Diagram 11. Showing the distribution of the paired measures
of Per Pupil Expenditure and the Percentage of Total School Expenditures derived from the State.
The partial correlation given in the Table are so few as to be without great value. As a consequence no discussion is introduced concerning them.
95
WHAT CONCLUSIONS ARE JUSTIFIED BY THE EVIDENCE THUS FAR FURNISHED
We may legitimately at this point raise the above question since _an answer to ft is essential to the step we desire next to take. The following conclusion seems to be justified:
1. The wealth of the State is largely concentrated in a few counties.
2. Educational opportunities exist in a widely varying degree in the counties of the State.
3 The differences with respect to the length of school term, the quality of teaching done, and the general educational forces provided by the counties of the State are so great as to demand immediate remedy The responsibility is obviously upon the State to take the initiative m so doing.
4 Counties with high assessed valuations are in general possessed of good schools and a general educational equipment far above that of the counties with a low assessed valuation.
5 The State is faced with the obligation of equalizing the opportunities for each child in the State insofar as the length of the school term, adequate housing, effective instruction, and a significant type of administration and supervision are concerned.
96
WHAT ARE THE OBLIGATIONS OF THE STATE WITH RESPECT TO THE CONDITIONS DESCRIBED?
In pages preceding, not a little has been said concerning the obligation on the part of the State to provide for its children an effective educational experience, and for each child an equal opportunity to secure it. The State goes to great length, and, in case of necessity, expends large sums of money to protect the lives of its citizens even in remote regions. This obligation is rarely brought into question. Of equal importance is the necessity of providing for an educated, loyal, and high-minded type of citizenry to protect against ignorance, superstition, and the evils thereout growing. This can be accomplished only through the aid of public schools. It is their chiefest function. There is need, consequently, that the State at Large dedicate itself to this task. It is true that good schools cannot be legislated on the people. They are, for the most part, the result of local demand and the expression of a local sentiment. Nevertheless, there are certain minimum standards which the State ought to set as the least with which it can be satisfied; and such ought to be significant. The State cannot escape this obligation.
Another important principle needs to be noted. In a democracy, the State must not be autocratic in its relations to its people. It must regard its function as that of stimulating, co-ordinating, and encouraging local initiative in the direction of achieving those standards of life and service, which an unfolding form of democratic society demand. Even though, therefore, the State asserts its authority in establishing minimum standards of school organization and control, it must still leave to local communities the right and privilege of raising their own schools as far above such as they may desire. Indeed, the State should use every effort in encouraging them so to do.
In the discussion following, the above principles are kept clearly in mind. The suggestions made with respect to possible procedures are such as to conform with them. It is fully recognized that there are many ways in which similar problems are being met elsewhere. It is important, however, that some beginning be made in attempting to outline them and of suggesting remedial measures.
WHAT SHOULD BE THE MINIMAL STANDARDS? AND: HOW MAY THE STATE EQUALIZE OPPORTUNITIES? These have in part been set forth in pages preceding. They include :
1. A minimal term of eight months. 2. Better trained teachers. 3. Better buildings and equipment. 4. Better administration and supervision. 5.
The problem of providing secondary school opportunities is not discussed because of the lack of data.
97
It will be observed that in only one of the above has a definite standard been set. It would be appropriate to ask: How much better trained should the teachers be in order to meet a reasonable minimal requirement? Again: How much better buildings, and now much better the equipment? Or, how much better administration and supervision.' It would be unwise to imply that a fixed minimal standard should ever be set here. It is possible, however, that immediately attainable ones be stated and that, as these are gradually approached, they move constantly upward to keep pace with a constantly expending need as society becomes more and more complex. One may inquire, therefore, as to what immediately attainable standards might legitimately be set with respect to the training of teachers, school houses, and administration
and supervision.
In view of the fact that there are so many teachers with a low standard of training, steps should at once be taken which shall lead to a gradual rise throughout the State. It is certainly possible, now that the number of high schools is rapidly increasing, that the academic training acceptable to the State should be not less than graduation from a four-year high school. As has been stated, this, of itself, is not sufficient, but to set the standard mentioned would be a step toward a higher one. To demand such an increase in preparation would necessitate a larger expenditure for salaries. Another step, therefore, needs
to be taken. A minimum wage scale is obviously, then, an immediate necessity.
Evidence has been presented with respect to the wide range of salaries paid Under present conditions, one who anticipates entering teaching as a'vocation is confronted by the great uncertainties with respect to what he may expect by way of compensation. Confronted by such conditions, his preparation for the work is uncertain, unpurposed, and largely accidental. To set a minimum standard would be a desirable step Under present conditions $500.00 for an eight-month's term would seem to be the least which can be recommended, and then a gradual increase as rapidly as facilities for teacher-training are brought to an adequate level. Such a procedure would be an evidence that the State regards teaching as a significant form of service; that it is not accidental nor incidental, but fundamental to the perpetuity of its institutions. A minimum wage law, therefore, is an immediate necessity. Such would serve greatly to bring into the schools better prepared
young men and women.
Comment has also been made with respect to the necessity of providing for better school buildings. It has been suggested that the State share in defraying the cost of buildings in those cases in which adequate standards of construction are met. No plan, however has thus far been set out with respect to the particular manner in which this might best be done. Two factors need to be considered:
1. The ability of the Local Unit to pay. 2. The extent to which it utilizes its resources.
98
Assume the Local Unit to have levied a special five mill tax for the purpose of erecting a school building. On the basis of the per teacher valuations as presented in Table 2, in but few cases would a sufficient sum be realized to construct a modern building. Little difference exists with respect to the cost per teacher of a one, two, or three room building, since such will average in the neighborhood of a thousand dollars per room. It is obvious that the lower the per teacher valuation, the less ability has the Local Unit to pay for an adequate school plant. We may assume that the mean per teacher valuation represents the average ability to pay. The greater, therefore, the distance of a unit below such average, the less is its relative ability to pay, and conversely, the greater the distance above the mean, the greater its relative ability to pay. It would seem just, therefore, that in case of those units with per teacher valuations below the mean, the State should contribute more largely than the case of those above, and in proportion to the distance by which departure from the mean exists.
The mean per teacher valuation is $66,000.00. Assume a per teacher valuation of $40,000.00 for a given unit. A five mill tax would yield $200 00 Assume a building to cost $1,000.00. There would then exist a remainder of $800.00. The ratio between the local per teacher valuation and the mean per teacher valuation would be 40. In order that these dif-
66 ferences in ability to pay may be utilized as a factor, assume the remainder of $800.00 to be shared in payment by the State in inverse ratio to the ability of the unit to pay. This may be done with reasonable justice by dividing the remainder into two parts and ascribing to the State the obligation of paying on one-half of it according to the above principle. To continue the example: We should then have $400.00 x
40, or approximately $600.00 as the share which the State would con66
tribute. The remainder of the unpaid portion might well be loaned by the State at a low rate of interest, so that the local unit could provide
in subsequent years for the elimination of the obligation. For further illustration, let us assume a per teacher valuation of $100,000.00 a five
mill tax would yield $500.00. Again, assuming a building to cost $l',000 00
we have a remainder of $500.00. The ratio of the local unit per teacher
valuation to the mean is 100. Applying the principle described above,
66
J^
we would have as the State's obligation $250.00 x 100, or approxim-
66 ately $150.00. The above procedure may be summarized In a formula such as follows:
E, --
S
-- x V,
2--
Vm
99
in which'S equals the State's obligation, R is the remainder after the imposition of a local five mill tax, and V, is the local per teacher valuation, and Vm is the mean valuation for the State. By the term "local
is here meant the County.
It will be observed that in two or three counties with very low per teacher valuations, the State would contribute all of the cost of the school. This, doubtless, is fair and just. On the other hand, in the case of counties with a very high per teacher valuation, the State would contribute but little. It is to be recognized, also, that the application of the formula above will in a few cases yield a sum due the county greater that the cost of the school. In no case would the State be ob-
ligated beyond the actual cost.
A similar plan might very justly be exercised with respect to the consolidated schools. Certain it is that the State ought to do much to stimulate local communities to provide themselves with an adequate plant and richly to participate in defraying its cost. It is true that, at the present time, the State is encouraging consolidation to a hmited extent but that the process should go much further and more rapidly is apparent. The plan above described would serve as a powerful stimulus and provide the State in a relatively short time with a significant system of rural schools. Their effect would be far reaching.
Comment has previously been made with respect to the cost to the State of the operation of such a plan as is under discussion. It is impossible to do more than guess at what it would be. It is contended, however that no better investment could be made. It needs to be noted that the illustrations we have used are based upon the valuations for white teachers only. A similar plan might well be employed with respect to the building of schools for black children, using, however the per teacher valuations for the total number of teachers in the county. It is apparent that in such cases the State would be contributing more largely that in those for white children. This, too, is evidently a fair procedure. Further comment needs to be made to the effect that the initiation of such a plan as we have described could be made slowly so that the State may participate in it only as rapidly as it can make adequate provisions therefor.
The State needs also to encourage the employment of teachers with an adequate level of professional preparation. Granting that high school graduation represents the least acceptable academic level, it is obvious that some reward should be set for the employment of teachers with one above it. This may well be done through granting to each unit an additional sum in proportion to the training and preparation of the teachers employed. Recognition needs also to be given to the ability of each unit to pay and also of the extent to which it is utilizing its recources. We may again employ the mean per teacher valuation of the State as a reasonable measure of the State's ability to support its schools. The extent, therefore, to which a given unit varies above or
100
below the mean may be regarded as a measure of its ability to pay, and the tax rate locally imposed as a measure of its utilization of such resources. This principle has been discussed above.
As a means, then, of stimulating the local unit to employ superior
teachers, the State might well offer an additional sum to each on the following basis:
1. For one year (or its equivalent) of training beyond the High
School
$100.00
2. For two years (or its equivalent) of training beyond the High
School
$200.00
We may again apply the principle previously set forth and develop a formula to express it. It is to be born in mind that those counties with a high per teacher valuation are already employing teachers with relatively superior training. Indeed, to them naturally gravitate the bulk of the trained teachers of the State. Accordingly, the State's obligation is largely with respect to those counties least able to expend the larger salaries demanded in connection with the employment of the better trained teachers.
Again using the factors of per teacher valuation, and local tax rate
as the two significant elements involved, we may express the means of
determining the State's share in these special funds by the following formula:
E Vm S=
V,
in which S equals the State's obligation, E the extra sum, Vm and V the mean and local per teacher valuations respectively, and T, and TnJ the local and mean (for the State) tax rate respectively. An illustration will suffice to make the application clear: Assume a per teacher valuation of $46,000.00 and a local tax rate of fifteen mills (Screven Co.) and we find the State's share of a $200.00 fund to be $160.00. It will be noticed that the formula places a penalty on a low tax rate and, at the same time, recognizes the relative ability of the local unit to pay. Another illustration may serve to make the significance of the formula more obvious. Assume a per teacher valuation of $133,000.00, and a local tax rate of 6.4 mills. (Richmond County). Substituting in the formula these values, we find that for each $200.00 special fund, the State would pay $40.00 as its share. It is obvious that only in the case of the counties with a low per teacher valuation would the state be paying all or a major amount of these special funds. This is the objective sought. In no case would the State pay more than the amount stipulated as the special fund for each teacher. It would be advisable eventually to extend the principle to apply to teachers with more than a training of two years beyond the high school so that it would reach up finally into the junior and senior high school levels.
101
It is desired, before closing this phase of the discussion to call attention to the fact that the most direct and easily operated means of equalizing the burden of supporting a system of public schools is through a State-wide tax, the income from which provides for the total school expenditures of the State. In this manner, each locality pays m proportion to its ability; provided, of course, the valuations are reasonably uniform throughout. If the present level of school expenditures were to obtain, and the present valuations be regarded as acceptable there would be required a state-wide tax of approximately 16 mills in order to provide the necessary funds. It is to be observed that the imposition of so high a tax on counties with a low valuation would yield insufficient funds for the operation of an effective school. If the State were to assume responsibility for financial resources necessary for the support of its schools, it could establish acceptable standards operative everywhere. In this manner, there would be returned to communities with low valuations more in school funds than the amount locally realized through taxation. Herein lies the equalizing process. Were this done, however, it is at once apparent that there would be entailed
an expenditure on a level greater than that now existing, and that, as a consequence, the rate would necessarily be increased.
The disadvantage of such a plan lies in the fact that there is loged in the hands of the State Department of Education an enormous responsibility. It would be accountable for the setting of school standards and the distribution of all school funds. Local initiative and local effort in the direction of establishing high standards of educational accomplishment would thus be eliminated as a significant principle m connection with school organization. The plan possesses however, many arguments in its favor. On the other hand, it tends toward too great a centralisation of power and consequently is for that reason less desirable than would be one giving due recognition to a more open method so developed as to stimulate local initiative, arouse local senti.
ment, and co-operate with local forces.
THE COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT.
We have already dealt somewhat at length with the necessity of providing adequately trained administrative and supervisory officers, particularly in the person of the County Superintendent. It has been suggested that the state assume the obligation of providing for the payment of their salaries, and that such be sufficiently large to secure thHervices of the type of men and women desired. This Paragraph is inserted for the purpose of calling attention to the fact that a principle similar to that already described might be used in connection with their compensation. It is apparent that the counties with high assessed valuations are abundantly able to employ well-tramed officers even without State aid. It is equally obvious that those counties with low valuations are unable so to do. The formula which has been suggested in connection with the determination of the extent to which the State participate in the special funds for stimulating the employ-
102
ment of better trained teachers, might with equal validity be employed for the County Superintendent. A complicating factor arises in connection with the employment of a District Officer such as has been suggested. Even here, however, it would be possible to apportion to each county an obligation based upon its pupil population and its relation to the pupil population of the whole district. Each element would then pay in proportion to the service received. There can be no question concerning the necessity of making provision for the type of administrative officer which modern education demands, and it may be necessary to use a larger unit of supervision than that offered in some of the counties.
A STATE TEACHERS' PENSION.
It is appropriate to insert also a statement concerning another vital necessity in the development of an effective State System. Reference is made to a State Teachers' Pension Fund. Progressive state organization recognizes the value and necessity of providing a fund which shall guarantee to a teacher a livelihood when the period of usefulness is past, and a living in case of disablement through accident or disease. At its best, teaching is not a highly remunerative profession Those who ingage in it are constantly confronted with the temptation to leave it and enlarge their store of wealth through some other more lucrative occupation. This temptation is constantly renewed through the fear that declining years and lessened vigor may find one without resourses sufficient to provide even the necessities of life. As a consequence, teaching is entered upon all too frequently as incidental or sometimes accidentally, and not as a purposed undertaking in the sense that it is regarded as a life objective through planning and preparation. The teacher who has given to the Public Schools of the State a life-time of service and has contributed richly to its social, civic, and economic life through contact with developing youth should not be permitted to suffer after having given to the State the energies and ideals which effective teaching demands, cast aside as a useless machine relegated into the discard. The State, therefore, in co-operation with its teachers, should establish a fund, administered on sound statistical principles, which shall make it possible for the teachers of the State to enter its schools, looking forward to a lifetime of service therein and an eventual expression on the part of the State of its appreciation therefor. Here, again, the State may well begin, in a small way, and permit and encourage the growth of the project until an effective level of functioning is reached.
THE STATE DISTRIBUTIVE FUND
It is in place to call attention to another condition which demands a remedy. Under the present scheme, the State Department of Education distributes to the counties a significant sum of money annually. Theoretically, this fund represents one-half of the total income of the State; actuaUy, it is much less. It is the manner of its distribution
103
to which we desire to call attention. We shall speak of this money as the State Distributive Fund. According to the laws of the state, an enumeration of the children between six and eighteen years of age inclusive is made every five years, and at any time other when the State Board of Education may be in doubt as to the accuracy of the returns with respect to any city or county. On the basis of such an enumeration, the state distributive fund is pro-rated among the counties of the state. A moment's thought will convince one that there are at least two fundamental defects in the plan. In the first place, it places no premium upon getting and keeping children in school. It is obvious that such should be done. In the second place, the enumeration transcends the limit of the compulsory school age. This fund, clearly, should be distributed on the basis of the number of children in average daily attendance and not upon the gross enumeration. Furthermore, it should take into account the percentage of children within the limits of the compulsory period who are actually in school. The present plan is manifestly unwise, and unfair, since it does not tend in the direction of the realization of those objectives for which the schools of the state obviously stand. In its present form, the plan serves only as a means whereby the counties get back from the state a part, all, or more than the amount of the taxes which they pay to it The State needs to see to it that the purposes of the schools are met before its bounty is expended in their maintenance. A modifica-
tion of the present plan is imperative.
CAN THE STATE DO THESE THINGS?
It is expected that it will be contented by some that the recommendations and suggestions made are not only impracticable but impossible. It will be said that already the resources of the State are taxed to the uttermost, and that no further expansion of the State's obligation can be made. Such a position, however, is not founded on
good evidence.
A significant beginning could be made through checking unnecessary wastage now occurring. Due to the fact that the fiscal year of the State and of the schools do not correspond, and that taxes are not collected until after the school functions demanding their usage are already in operation, the State is compelled to realize on its prospective income through the sale of warrants thereon. There is thus involved an annual interest cost of not less than $125,000.00. The evil of the system does not end here. Each county for the same reason likewise must borrow both in anticipation of its taxes and of its income from the State. As a result, there is an annual interest charge against the schools of the State of not less than $500,000.00. This is not all. Many counties are hopelessly in debt and spending a considerable percentage of their annual income for school purposes in meeting interest charges on borrowings made in years past. This is not all. The psycological fact is likewise to be reckoned with. To struggle against apparently hopeless conditions in discouraging; and
104
such exist in the case of many counties. The enthusiasm which accompanies the successful manipulation of a significant enterprise is cumulative and leads on from one success to another. Confronted with the constant necessity of borrowing and paying interest in order to carry on the schools of a community is a deterrent to enthusiastic support of a public enterprise whose contribution to the life of the community may, and ought to be uplifting, inspiring, and satisfying. Furthermore, the State ought itself to provide an example of effective business-like methods in its own financial relationships. It may then, with clean hands, expect like efficiency on the part of the counties whose relations with it are so intimate.
One may legitimately inquire as to a remedy for the conditions above described. It is easy, of course, to speculate with respect to what might be done. It is obvious, however, that the State ought to Place its school finances on sound basis. The following possibility suggests itself. Although the principle of utilizing the income from the sale of bonds for the maintenance of schools is not ordinarily advisable, nevertheless, the present condition so urgently demands a remedy that it may be justifiable in the present case. If the State were to issue bonds to the extent of $5,000,000.00, which is approximately the amount of the State Distributive Fund, it could then provide itself with a cash reserve which would make it unnecessary to sell its warrants in anticipation of future taxes. These bonds might well be retired at the rate of $1,000,000.00 per year, at the same time reducmg the annual sum for the support of the schools of the State by the amount of the value of the bonds retired. In this manner a sufficient fund could be built up and utilized as a means of meeting the state s educational obligations in place of the present method
ttoo S stabSilizeWat^heamcSred!hiteroeffnre- edAy Pcaorutntifest.MsItfuwnidll ^ be tcon^ tente^d uthseadt this is an expensive method. It can be demonstrated that it is no more costly than the present method insofar as the State itself is concerned Its chief advantage would he in the fact that the State could furnish to the counties sums sufficient to meet their own requirements m the early period of the year before taxes are collected locally and turned over to the school authorities. In this manner, a significant saving
TM, mf K '1^ CUntieS- Furthermre, as has been stated> th*
example set by the State in an ultimately workable sound financial organization would be far reaching. It will be noted that the plan involves short term bonds merely for the purpose of providing a sufficient sum to meet the state's educational obligations without the necessity o waiting upon the tax returns therefor, it is in order, also, to call
"10hn t0 the fact that suoh moTMes ^ are not expended could and SiTMS mtereSt- We need t0 emphasize again that the cost to the State would be no greater than under the present conditions and
wwoouuldldbSeTMmadH e
t^o t.hT e c^ ountUi6eSs
ln the faCt
wherein the
that a
largest
inctoenrseisdtedrarbailne
oscacvuirnsg
This is only a partial remedy since the counties, too, are constantly
selling warrants in anticipation of tax income locally collected.
105
THE SUPPORT OF THE STATES' HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS.
Comment has been made concerning the necessity of providing In larger measures for the Higher Educational Institutions of the State Under the present conditions, the sums appropriated for their support are so small as seriously to handicap their functioning on a level which conditions demand. In order to meet their financial necessities, they are compelled to exact tuitions of no little magnitude, and resort to other stratagems in order to keep their educational heads above water. These institutions should be supplied with an income sufficient to make possible the meeting of constantly drawing demands upon them Such an income should be assured without political machinations and without the uncertainties attendant upon political wire-pulling. They should be able to make their plans on the basis of a known income. The uncertainties and limitations attending dependence upon legislative appropriations are serious hindrances to effective administration. If the administrative officers of a school know definitely that there i* to be provided an adequate sum for maintenance and operation, it is then possible to lay out plans for the future which are coherent and contribute to the development of a long-time policy. Growth is then unified and stable in character. In order to provide for a larger support of the State's Higher Institutions, a one-mill tax might be leaglized for the purpose. This would demand a constitutional amendment. On the basis of the present valuations, there would be realized annually approximately $500,000.00. It should be apportioned to the State s High-
er Educational Institutions in proportion to their needs, and constitute for each a fixed income. It is to be observed that the amount of money realized by such a tax is not sufficient to guarantee to the institutions in question sums sufficient to make possible their development according to modern demands. Capital outlays should be on the basis of special legislative appropriation. The growing demands for effectively trained social and civic leaders as well as the need for a professionalized teaching group compels attention to the expansion of
these institutions.
SUMMARY.
We may press finally the question as to the ability of the State to embark upon a larger educational program. It is admitted at the outset that the obstacles in the way are large and numerous. However, it is believed that the State can do it-if it will. The point will be made by some that a further expenditure of from two to two and one-half millions annually, which would certainly be the cost were the suggestions made to be carried out, is impossible at the present time. It is admitted without argument that the present economic conditions give weight to the contention. It is admitted, furthermore, that so long as the present taxing system exists, little can be hoped for by way of an adjustment to these larger demands. We are of the belief that a most
106
pressing and immediate need is a thorough-going reorganization according to which the property values of the State, both tangible and intangible, shaU contribute each its just proportion to the support of local and state public institutions. It is not the purpose of this study to deal specifically with the taxation problems involved. It is appropriate, however, that attention be directed to this outstanding need, because only as it is met can hope be entertained for any conspicuous increase in the support which the State may give to its schools. Nor is it out of place in this connection to sight the fact that according to the laws of the State, one-half of its total income is to be devoted to the support of its schools. Not only is this law disregarded, but there is apparent also a tendency wherever possible to curtail educational appropriations, partly, no doubt, because such a procedure is commonly indulged in the nation over, and partly, no doubt, because of insistent demands on the part of other agencies for a sizable share of its income. It is not the purpose here to charge willful violation of the law, but rather to call attention to the fact that the generous attitude which prompted the passage of the law in question has been modified because of factors which have manifested themselves with constantly growing power since its passage. It is desired only to emphasize the fact that if the State is to develop a coherent plan of educational expansion, it must turn itself wholeheartedly to an energetic scrutiny of conditions as they are and of needs as they now present themselves. There must be cultivated a willingness to face facts and to deal with them courageously.
In this study, then, we have attempted to present a body of significant facts concerning the Public Schools of the State. In the light of these facts, certain suggestions have been made concerning desirable procedures involved in bettering them. Although the principal ones are concerned with the equalization of educational opportunities, it has seemed appropriate to comment on others, because so intimately related are the educational institutions of the State that one cannot be changed without, at the same time, affecting them all. It is believed that the resources of the State, both material and human, justify a generous program of educational expansion; that with its forests, fields, mines, and manufactories, lying under the warm sun of the Southland promising abundant material support, its idealistic people cannot plan otherwise.
The writer desires to acknowledge his awareness of the deficiencies in this study. He knows full weU, for example, that his suggestion to equalize educational opportunities on the basis of assessed valuations is open to criticism. He is not unaware of the difficulties which stand in the way of the adoption of certain other recommendations. This consciousness, however, serves only to incite the hope that discussion and further investigation may lead eventually to an adoption on the part of the state, because its people so will it, of a program which shall eventually make of its schools the equal in genuine efficiency of any within the nation, to the support, perpetuation, stabilization (and shall we not say glorification?) of which must they in the final analysis consciously contribute.
107
GEORGIA
State School Items
Published Monthly by the Department of Education.
Vol. 2
March 1, 1925
No. 6
N. H. BALLARD,
State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5. 1923, at the Post Office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act ot October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923.
ATLANTA, GA.
DAVID CRENSHAW BARROW
David Crenshaw Barrow was born in Oglethorpe County, Georgia, October 18, 1852. His father was David Crenshaw Barrow and his mother was Sarah Eliza Pope.
Before the Declaration of Independence a number of immigrants from Westmoreland County, Virginia, headed by Nathaniel Pope, and consisting of his kinspeople and neighbors, settled in the Galphin purchase at the place where now stands the town of Washington. They erected a fort, as a protection against the Indians, and called it Fort Washington. Washington, therefore, was the first place in America named for George Washington and the name was given to this place before he was chosen General of the Revolutionary forces.
Washington's grandmother was a Miss Pope and his grandfather was Nathaniel Pope. Undoubtedly there is close relation between many of these settlers and the family of Washington.
Henry Augustin Pope, the son of Nathaniel, married Mary Davis. I have often wished to know whether there was any relation between Mary Davis and Jefferson Davis. The father and grandfather of Jefferson Davis were neighbors of the Popes and the grandfather is buried near the town cf Washington.
Henry Augustin Pope's son, Middleton, married Lucy Lumpkin, daughter of Wilson Lumpkin, governor and senator from Georgia. Their daughter, Sara Eliza, was the wife of David Crenshaw Barrow and the mother of David Crenshaw Barrow, Jr., the present Chancellor of the University.
David Crenshaw Barrow married Fannie Ingle Childs, of Athens, Georgia, February 5, 1879, They had four children. Benjamin H. Barrow, of Athens, who is a Civil Engineer; Mrs. Susie Crowe, wife of Dr. Sam J. Crowe, specialist in John' Hopkins Hospital; Eleanor, wife of Rev. H. L. Jewett Williams, an Episcopalian minister and a world war hero who made the' supreme sacrifice on Flanders Field; David F. Barrow, Professor of Mathematics, University of Georgia.
David Crenshaw Barrow graduated from the University of
Georgia with the degree of B. S., and C. and M. Engineering in 1874.
The degree of LL. D. was conferred by Emory College in 1909.
From 1874 to 1876 he was with the Georgia Geological Survey;
1876-1878 he practiced law; 1878 to 1883 adjunct Professor of
Mathematics at the University of Georgia; Professor of Engineer-
ing from 1883 to 1889; Professor of Mathematics 1889*1906;
Chancellor from 1906 to 1925; Chancellor Emeritus from 1925
to
^lay the sweet influence of this gentle chancellor be
felt at the University for many years to come and not until then
let the above blank be filled.
Forty years ago an indifferent school boy entered the University of Georgia and came in contact with many teachers who had more than statewide reputation, .some of whom may be classed as brilliant professors. But, somehow, none of them touched this indifferent boy as did the gentle, sweet influence of the present Chancellor of the University of Georgia, who was then the Professor of Engineering.
I have often wondered just what quality in this gentle man most influenced this indifferent boy. I am sure it could not be classed as brilliance,--I can find no ether words that will describe it than that he was a gentle man,, .sweet tempered, and not only interested in the academic advancement made by his pupils, but he reached clown into their very souls and produced within them aspirations for nobler and higher things in life.
Many years ago the brilliant Raymond Daniel gave me the following words that I have continued to treasure, hoping that I would have the occasion to give them to one to whom they were really befitting. This opportunity has arrived. I wish I could quote them as Raymond gave them, for they were most beautiful words, but I must now depend only on memory:
"When the iron hand of Edward was crushing the lilies of France, the old blind king of Bohemia, unwilling to share in the defeat of his comrade, was mounted upon a fiery charger and with him on either side two faithful courtiers, likewise mounted, plunged into the thickest of the fray. That night as the pale moon looked down upon that fateful battlefield, incarnadined with the blood of the bravest of France, there stood three horses, motionless as statues, and at their feet there lay three dead riders. Upon the brow of the old king clung a tri-plumed crest... white, but besplotched with blood. Across this crest was written these words: "I serve".
Greater than all the traditions that cluster around the victories of Agincourt and Water-loo, high above the glories that cluster around broken spears, shattered shields, and blood-stained flag, England holds aloft this tri-plumed crest as a proud insignia of princes yet unborn and kings yet uncrowned."
"I serve". What words could more fittingly describe the character of this gentle man. His whole life has been devoted to others. He has given his all in unremitting and unstinting service to his fellow-man. Selfishness fomis no part in the make-up of David Crenshaw Barrow. These words, "I serve'', now written across that white crest will in the coming Morn be translated in those written by the finger of the Master: "Well done, thou good and faithful servant, thou hast been faithful over a few things, I will make thee ruler over many things".
It may be inferred from the emphasis upon the great gentleness of this man that he lacked physical courage, yet I remember well traditions handed down from his school boy days at Athens, that he not only possessed a high degree of physical courage but, in addition, a temper, and it may be said to his credit that he has mastered these and brought them under perfect control and thus builded up a perfect, well-rounded life.
The indifferent school boy joins with thousands of others, whose lives this gentle man has deeply touched, in these words: "God bless Uncle Dave.'*
OPINION OF ATTORNEY GENERAL
As to Power of County Board of Education to pledge its funds for paying past indebtedness. March 13, 1925.
HON. N. H. BALLARD, State Supt. of Schools, State Capitol.
Dear Sir:
I have for consideration your letter as follows:
"The question arises as to whether a County Board of Education is authorized to pledge its cm rent funds. . .that is, both State appropriation and county and local tax for any other purpose than that of the operation of the schools for the current year.
The case in question is a county that has given a note to a bank to pay past indebtedness of the Board and pledging its county funds for the payment of this note, thereby depriving the schools of being operated during the current year.
Furthermore, is it legal for a County Board of Education to borrow money, pledging its current revenue, and direct that the proceeds of this loan be applied to a past indebtedness and that it be not paid into the hands of the county superintendent and by him disbursed to pay to the teachers of said county their current salaries ?
I would appreciate an opinion from you on this question."
After very considerable investigation, I beg to submit the following:
When it comes to the revenues raised by the State of Georgia for educational purposes, it is evident that the money so raised must be used for the purpose of operating the schools for the current year. For instance, Section 109 of the Georgia School Code provides:
"That 50 percent of all revenues received by the State from all sources shall be used and expended for the support and maintenance of the common schools of Georgia for the year in which said income or taxes are due and payable. This section to go into effect January 1, 1922." And Section 112 of the same Code provides that:
"As soon as the County Board shall communicate satisfactory evidence to the State School Superintendent that arrangements have been made by taxation or otherwise, for
continuing the common schools, free to all. for at least six months in the year, throughout the entire county, said county shall be deemed and held entitled to draw her proportionate part of the State funds".
Note that the payment of the funds by the State is made conditional upon the county arranging, by taxation or otherwise, "for continuing the common schools, free to all, for at least six months in the year throughout the entire county."
In other words, through whatever sources a given county may obtain its money for school purposes, it must, in order to be entitled to draw its pro rata of State funds, arrange to operate its schools each and every year for at least six months in the year throughout the entire county, and with the schools free to all.
The succeeding Section 113, provides,
"Whenever a board of Education shall fail in any year to make arrangements to put schools in operation, it shall forfeit all right to participation in the school funds of that year, unless the failure to arrange for such schools was from Providential cause, or other good and sufficient reason, to be judged by the State Board of Education."
Thus, if a given county fails to arrange to put its schools in operation, it thus forfeits all right to participation in the school funds for that year, etc.
Section 114 provides for the disbursement of funds drawn under apportionment, and any fund raised by local taxation placed in the hands of any county superintendent makes him holder of all amounts received, on his official bond as treasurer.
These sections will be sufficient to show the jealousy with which the law regards the rights of the children to have continuous instruction. It was formerly not so, but from time to time of late years progress has been made in the outlook of the schools of the state until now, under the law, it is compulsory for the counties to arrange to operate their schools each and eveiy year for a period of at least six months.
You state in your letter, as quoted above, that an arrangement in the county referred to will thereby deprive the schools of being operated during the current year. If so, the county will, under the law, forfeit its proportion of the State funds available the present year.
Replying to your question--
"Is it legal for a county board of education to borrow money, pledging its current revenue, and direct that the proceeds of this loan be applied to a past indebtedness and that it be not paid into the hands of the county superintendent and by him disbursed to pay to the teachers of said county their current salaries ?"
This question appears to be fully answered in the following text of the law, provision being made in Section 95, et seq., for the borrowing of money by the board of education, which is distinctly to give the county boards of education of the several counties--
"The power and authority whenever they deem it necessary to borrow a sufficient amount of money, and no more, to pay for the operation of the public schools of their counties, and no more".
In my opinion, this means the operation of the schools of a given county for the current year, and not to repay a loan made for operating schools for the past year.
This language is mandatory, as may be observed, and if states that when any money shall be borrowed, under the provisions of this loan,--that is to say, under all the sections referring to borrowing money beginning with Section 95, et. seq.--"The same shall be paid over to the county school superintendent to become a part of the public school fund of said county and the same shall be by the county school superintendent paid out to the teachers of said count}-", etc.
Thus it is shown that it is mandatory and obligatory that the money shall be paid over to the county school superintendent and shall by him be paid to the teachers of the county.
It cannot legally be paid out for any other purposes, because money cannot be bonowed for the current year to pay debts. It must be borrowed for the purpose of operating the schools, as already pointed out.
And Section 102 of the Georgia School Code provides: "It shall be unlawful for any Board of Education to
make any contract involving the expenditure of funds in excess of the total appropriation for the current year. Any indebtedness created, contracted, made, or order or draft issued in violation thereof, shall be void".
In fine, the law seems to be jealous of the interest of the children of its schools. They are considered the hope of the State, and in one of the old Supreme Court decisions, of which I have
forgotten the exact volume and page, one of the older Supreme Court Justices of Georgia leferred to schooling furnished the children of the state as, "the door of opportunity", and held that under no circumstances should that door be shut in the face of any child.
Therefore, to close the schools for a given year and thus prevent the schooling of the children of a given county, would be unlawful, contrary to public policy, and directly in the face of the legislation looking to the making of provision to opeiate the schools of the State of Georgia.
Respectfully submitted, George M. Napier, ATTORNEY-GENERAL.
VOTING ON CONSOLIDATION. The question has arisen many times, when the Board of Education consolidates two or more districts and objection is raised in any one of the districts by one fourth of the patrons petitioning the Board for an election, as to which districts shall vote.. .the entire district consolidated or the district petitioning for an election.
"The law says the districts affected arc to participate in the election. In the absence of any qualifying statement in the law, it would seem that the electors in all the various districts ordered to be consolidated shall be permitted to vote. All are certainly affected. If the Legislature had intended to restrict the voting in such election to only those districts which contain objectors, the Act should have contained a statement to that effect".
The above quotation from an opinion by AttorneyGeneral Geo. M. Napier.
While this is the law, yet I cannct help but protest against it. Consolidations have meant a great deal for our schools, when wisely made and with the full consent of all of the people of all the districts entering into the larger consolidated district. Enforced consolidations, as a rule have been a failure for Georgians are naturally against being forced to do anything. You may lead them but you can not force them.
It seems that the Legislature put into the hands of each district the right of deciding whether they would join with another district and did not intend that one of the small districts should be united to one of the larger districts against its will and if both districts vote, thus, on account of the smaller number of voters in the protesting district they would be over-whelmed by the larger consolidation.
WHAT CONSOLIDATION HAS DONE FOR SUMTER COUNTY SCHOOLS
BY J. E. D. SHIPP,
Chairman of the Board of Education.
Five years ago Sumter County had forty white rural schools-. None of the schools were taught longer than five to seven nor did months, they have any standards of requirements for teachers except a State license. They were very poorly attended and mumps, measles, or whooping cough could so deplete the ranks of pupils as to break up most of the schools of the County.
Be it said to her great credit, the City of Ameiicus had always maintained a fine public school, carrying however, only eleven grades of teaching, and whenever a farmer was prospeious in Sumter Ccunty, he generally moved to the City where a fine school could be patronized. In this way the City was building up entirely at the expense of the country, the citizens of Americus being mostly well to do farmers, who had left the Rural districts because of poor school facilities. The country people seemed never to have grasped the idea of maintaining accredited schools of much consequence, but there were some men in Sumter County a few years since, who began to have visions and to dream happy dreams of childhood and who had enough grit in their make-up to make these dreams come true. In less than two years after the consolidation subject began to be diffused the forty schools were were reduced to ten splendid consolidated schools with none less than four teachers and all of them either Junior High schools or accredited high schools.
The first of these schools was Thalean Junior High school formed by consolidating three districts into one. The district bonded itself and built a modern school house, and three schools with an average of thirteen pupils which were formed into one district and instead of having just thirty-nine children in school, Thalean since its consolidation, has never had less than 139 pupils in actual attendance. Three Ford trucks carry the children to this school. It was named Thalean because Thales was the first to carry learning into Greece, and it was thought that the name would be appropriate here.
Very soon Union High school at Leslie was formed. Six districts were put into one, and out in the country between DeSoto and Leslie a magnificent school building costing $75,000.00 was erected. It is said that this is the finest rural school built in the South outside of an incorporated City. It is of a Spanish mission type with 18 large rooms and only one story.
Lysian school district erected then a magnificient building with a most imposing appearance, twelve miles Southwest of Americus, and away from City and railroads.
Plains High School erected a most magnificient building costing $40,000.00 with ample play grounds.
Andersonville High school was the last to build a beautiful building, which is a model of all of its kind, and cost $10,000.00 only. This school building, with its beautiful auditorium, four rooms, and ample play grounds has been recorded as one of the cheapest and best built buildings ever erected in the State. The trustees from a gieat many other counties have come to view this school, which is strictly modern in all its facilities, which with just $10,000.00 at their command three business men who were trustees of this school erected a building that is the pride of Suntei County.
All other districts in the county have provided themselves with ample school buildings and of the most modern type and approved by the State Board of Education.
Whenever we consider for a moment that 70% of the business men come from the country and 80% of the Statesmen come from the rural districts, and while statistics show that 90% of all the preachers of the United States were reared in the rural districts,-- if these statistics are true--the ovei whelming conclusion is that the country boy has the better chance of success in life than the boy who is reared in the city. It may be profitable to theorize on this momentous question. Henry Ward Beecher, in one of his lectures states. "That the country boy succeeds best because he has more time for reflection." Whatever may be the reason for it, certain it is that the serious minded people of this land ought to draw the inevitable conclusion therefrom, that the country boy and girl ought to be given at least a fail chance in this life,--and receive what ought to be the birth-right of every American boy and girl,--to get near home a good public school education.
When the Board of Education of Sumter County commenced to consolidate the many schools of the county and placing from four to six schools in one consolidated school district, there were many difficult problems to solve, and now since this has been accomplished it has been difficult to maintain them at a high standard,--never accomplishing our high ideals. In the first place we realized the great difficulty of securing a sufficiency of trained teachers and placing at the head of all these consolidated schools men of educational vision. It was not enough simply to pass a rule that no one should teach in our schools except college grad-
10
uates. We found that no one could do the great work required unless they had been trained at the expense of children Boys and girls just out cf high school could not do the work of properly teaching and governing children. The had habits acquired by children under their misdirections and indifference are known only to those who have given the subject intelligent consideration. A school is a help or a hindrance, depending entirely upon the kind of teacher it has. It is perhaps better never to fce taught at all than that wrong habits and instructions establish wrong habits of thinking. The school, to properly function must have teachers of expert knowledge and confident use of the fundamental principals of educational theory and must have a genius for administration. The prime duty of trustees of every school is to keep their weather eye out always for the brightest and best teachers that their money can employ. Especially must this be true of the head masters of the consolidated schools.
Frederick the Great said, "It were better to have an army of stags lead by a lion than an army of lions lead by a stag."
Our one-teacher schools suffered very much by the frequent changes of teachers and by the employment of boys and girls to do the work of trained teachers. These one-teacher schools are not without their lessons. From their experience we learn that what a teacher knows through proficiency, he teaches through proficiency. The scanty information from timid teachers make vague and difficult instructions and leave unwise impressions, ('arc in the selection of teachers has done more than any one thing to place the schools of Su'mter County in those high "ideals of efficiency.
The Third District Agricultural College has put on two years of Normal College Training in addition to the 11 grades heretofore used. This school, therefore, now offers an opportunity to all of our high school graduates to acquire two years of normal college training without leaving home.
There is another feature of the consolidated schools of Sumter County that is worth mentioning and that is their efforts to secure the most exact teachers in the primary grades. The theory of the Board of Education is that pupils must acquire correct habits and instructions in the primary giades or else the chances are that they will hesitate and blunder throughout the rest of the course. The teachers, therefore, in the primaiy grades are generally paid slightly more than the other grammar grades because of the fact that the determining habits of pupils are formed in the primary grades, at this most important period of a childs life.
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Iii order to maintain a thoroughness and proper correlation of pupils and to promote uniformity and proper grading among all of the schools of the county, our superintendent gives four examinations each year. These examinations show the efficiency of pupils and teachers and upon them the pupils are graded and it is one of the conditions of promotion or demotion in the course of study. This educational guidance is found to be a necessity. These examinations help to discover and correlate and capitalize the knowledge and resources of the school. This is the best and ablest way that we have found to evaluate and measure adequately the results of instruction and training. It seems that there is no better way to maintain the high standards of our schools, the high ideals of teachers and pupils, than in these quarterly examinations given by the Superintendent and commended by the Board. Pupils who fall below a certain standard are demoted while those who reach a ceitam standard in the four examinations aie promoted to a higher grade of scholarship. These examinations given by the county board are ancillary and supplemental to the monthly examinations given by the teacher.
Eternal vigilance is the price of success. The superintendent of the schools must not only give his expert attention but sympathetic supervision to the rural schools of the county. The teachers deserve it and the children demand it.
Since Sumter schools have become consolidated, crime has decreased, and land has greatly increased in value. The churches are better attended, and the schools in every district is the center of the community interest and in the auditorium of these schools Parent-Teacher Associations meet, community clubs and debating societies are held, and frequent lectures and speeches are made in the community. The County Farm Demonstration agent meets the farmers there and the farmers hold all their club sessions and picnics at these places. The County Fair offers every year in Sumter County $150.00 prize for the school making the best display. For three successive years Thalean school has made the most creditable display. It is said that the display made by this school, that won the prize at the last fair was one of the best arranged and that 80 different kinds of food products, that were raised in Thalean school district were shown. The display was arranged by a committee of which Mr. A. H. Jennings, one of the trustees of the school that won the prize, was chairman.
Consolidated Rural schools in Sumter County are implanting higher ideals in the minds of the people. More boys and girls are going off to college from Sumter County than ever before, and the
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results from these schools will bring Education which will produce Diversification, and Diversification always breeds Glorification.
SCHOLARSHIP COLORADO SCHOOL OF MINES.
A very valuable scholarship to this greatest of all mining schools. . .at Golden, Colorado. . .is offered to some graduate of an accredited high school in Georgia. Application should be made to the State Superintendent of Schools.
For several years the American Railway Association has conducted campaigns for the prevention of highway crossing accidents. We have been asked to co-operate in this work, and I feel sure you will be glad to do what you can to aid. Your local railroad office can supply you with literature on this subject.
ti
GEORGIA
State School Items
Published Monthly by the Department of Education.
Vol. 2
April 1, 1925
No. 7
N. H. BALLARD,
State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October S, 1923. at the Post Office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103 Act ot October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923.
ATLANTA, GA.
RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY THE CONVENTION AS A LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM.
We urge and recommend the following bills:
1. A Bill to permit any county and city desiring it to adopt a county unit plan as set faith in a general law.
2. A bill to revise the tax system of the state in such a way as to bring out the invisible property and other untaxed property of the state.
3. A Bill submitting an amendment to the Constitution authorizing a bond issue for the erection of public school buildings and for the University system.
4. A Bill providing for a flat appropriation of five million dollars for the public schools, for the repeal of the 50-50 law, and requiring each county board of education to submit to the state board of education a budget showing that the county board has levied a local tax sufficient to run the county schools for 50 days if it can be done with 5 mills tax before a county can receive its share of state fund.
5. A Bill providing for increasing the borrowing power of the state.
6. A Bill providing for an adequate number of supervisors for the state department of education including a physical education supervisor
7. A Bill increasing the Barrett-Rogers fund to $300,000 extending this equalization fund to the youths of rural schools.
(The convention also went on record as favoring an equalization fund of one million dollars in all counties that levied 5 mills local tax and whose schools did not run 7 months.)
8. A Bill providing for the continuation of the appropriation of $20,000 to be used for the training of teachers in service.
9. A Bill to permit counties to establish libraries and kindergartens from local funds.
10. A Bill to appropriate $15,000 for eradication of adult illiteracy.
11. Legislation giving the University of Georgia and its Branches maintenance funds commensuate with the demands of the youth of the State, and the needs of the great state for higher education.
The above are resolutions adopted by the Georgia Teachers' Association at the recent meeting held in Macon.
When Dean Swift received a jar of brandied peaches fiom a lady friend, he replied that the peaches were good but the "spirit" in which they were sent was better. The resolutions bieathe forth a spirit of loyalty and constructive aid to the school system of Georgia. However, in many instances, they are not sufficiently specific and leave in doubt just what was intended.
For instance, what does resolution No. 1 mean ? Will not a County Unit System be effected in any County in Georgia by merely abolishing any independent systems in that county? Or, is it meant to have a local option act permitting counties that wish to elect a county superintendent by the Board of Education and from any where they may get the best man ? In that case, would it not come at once in conflict with the Constitution, that requires that all county officials be uniform?
It is, indeed, a wise resolution recommending a repeal of the Fifty-Fifty clause in the Appropriations Bill, and a five million dollar.state appropriation for the schools. But, by failing to couple resolution No. 7 with lesolution No. 4 would not the effect be practically to do away with any possible equalizing fund ? From the economic condition of the state at present it appears that it would not be possible to give more than $5,000000 gross appropriation to the common schocls. The one million dollar additional equalizing fund asked for in the resolution would be impossible--and the greatest need of Georgia today is not MORE MONEY but a more equitable distribution of its state funds. It is indeed a sad commentary upon the state when half of her children are denied almost the right of an education and the other half are offered splendid opportunities. This should not be
so for the only means of equalizing opportunity is in the hands of the State, and certainly the state should not discriminate against her children and give to one--because he lives in a favored place-- an opportunity for the best education, and deny the other this right because per chance his home is in another section or county.
COUNTY SCHOOL OFFICIALS CONVENTION.
It was a splendid committee on resolutions that made the report to the School Officials Convention at Macon. The committee was as follows:
Supt. Ralph Newton, Chairman; Judge J. E. D. Shipp; Supt, John A. Thurston; Hon. H. H. Stone; Supt. Walter McMichael; Miss Annie Brumby; Supt. Roland Daniel; Hon. J. B. Wight; Prof. J. Henry Walker; Dr. J. C. Dover; Supt. C. B. Gibson; Supt. John Bostwick; Supt, C. H. Edwards; Supt. Bernard Awtrey; Supt, N. L. Stapleton; Hon. John T. Hancock.
Two of their repoits were adopted unanimously. The others were leferred to the commission to be appointed by the State Board of Education, who would study these problems and submit them to the Legislature. The resolutions adopted weie as follows:
1. "We believe in the establishment of a state system of schools. Our present so-called system is a patch work, grown up through the exigencies of the years and, however good in paits or in spots, it lacks coordination, unifoimity, and authority. We recommend a commission to study the situation and the systems in other states and to present for the consideration of the General Assembly a body law, which, if enacted, would eventuate in a real State system of public schools."
2. "WHEREAS, the Honorable N. H. Ballard is, after useful service to the schools of the state, retiring from the office of State Superintendent,
Be It Resolved by the Georgia State School Officials that we express our appreciation of his untiring efforts in behalf of Georgia schools and Georgia children, and that we assure him of our recognition of his patriotism and fidelity in the administration of the high office which has worthily held".
The following are the resolutions referred to the Commission which will be appointed by the State Board of Education at its June meeting, and it is hoped that this commission will begin to function at once. Much of the success of the school legislation for the coming year will depend upon what they do and the efforts they put forth.
Geoigia State and County School officials in convention assembled offer the following as a declaration of principles and needs for Georgia Schools.
1. Adequate support.' Cheap education is the costliest variety. Our people must realize that their children are worth educating, and that the process of education cannot be accomplished with results comparable to those obtained in other parts of America unless we have highly trained teachers, adequate buildings, and necessary equipment--all of which cost but which other sections are finding worth the cost. In this connection we suggest:
(a) That a definite state millage should be levied for school purposes.
(b) That the present constitutional limitation of 5 mills for local tax in the counties is absurd. Florida requires her counties to begin where Georgia requires hers to stop.
(c) That the County Board should be elected by the people and given the right to taxation just as County Commissioners are and have.
(d) That the State Department of Education should have funds at its disposal for investigation, for emergencies, for equalization, and for experimentation.
(e) That the present state institutions should by adequate financial provision be raised out of indigency and mendicancy and that no more should be established until those already in existence have been adequately provided for. These institutions are vital and basic for out of them the state is to receive its trained leadership.
2. Supervision. No great business can afford to go unsupervised, and no great business does. Georgia needs
(a) Moie state supervisors clothed with definite authority from the State Board.
(b) The County Superintendent should be an educator, trained in supervision, selected by the County Boards and these Boards should be iree to obtain the best superintendent that they are able to get without any lestrictions.
3. Trained Teachers. Equip the normal schools so that they may more nearly meet the demand for trained teachers. Teachers without education beyond what they are expected to teach and without professional training haven't the power or resourcefulness that teachers must have to meet the demands of modern education. Money spent in the employment of such teachers is largely wasted and our people should not deceive themselves into thinking that the result obtained is education in any real sense.
4. Equalization. Educational opportunity should be made as nearly equal as possible for all children in all parts of Georgia. Not better schools for town children nor better schools for country children, but better schools for all children.
5. Educational Campaign. A great educational campaign throughout the ^tate by leaders in education and friends of education to arouse the people of Georgia to our needs, to
convert them to the support of the schools, to convince them of the changes necessary to improve our situation, to lay before them a great state-wide program, and to secure the election of a Governor of this state and a General Assembly commissioned by the people to carry into effect such a program as will redee m us educationally.
CERTIFICATION OF TEACHERS.
EDUCATIONAL ADDRESS DELIVERED BEFORE THE GEORGIA EDUCATION ASSOCIATION, Macon, Ga., April, 1925.
By Rufus W. Weaver, Pres. Mercer University.
Education is the inescapable debt which the mature owe to the coming generation. Our faithfulness in meeting this debt will contribute more to the progress of our state than any other single factor.
The teacher is our chosen agent, and his commission is to so guide the minds of youth as to fit them to solve the problems, to overcome the difficulties that lie before them, giving to the state a better service than we have been able to perform, and giving to human society finer ideals, based on higher spiritual values.
The selection of the teacher is the most important choice that we make. An incompetent teacher makes a small contribution in the payment of our debt, and much of the money paid to him is wasted. Therefore, we must have a standard for the teacher. We must set up requirements that a teacher will be compelled to meet. We must recognize every teacher who attains the standard, and who meets the requirements by commissioning him to act as a servant of the state in the education of our youth. This proceduie we call certification.
Marked progress has been made in public education. The chief embarassment fiom 1877 to 1920 was that section in the Constitution limiting the field of public education. "There shall be", said the Constitution, "a thorough system of common schools for the education of children in the elementary branches of an English education only, as nearly unifoim as practicable,
the expenses of which shall be provided for by taxation and otherwise. The schools shall be free to all the children in the state, but separate schools shall be provided for the white and coloied races".
The State by this article of the Constitution was not permitted to enter the field of secondary education and it was not until 1920 that the embarrassing phrase "in the elementary branches of an English education only", was stricken out.
With such a constitution, it was inevitable that communities and municipalities would seek to improve the educational opportunities available for their children by sceuring local legislation and by the establishing of independent systems. Educationally in Georgia we live under a local option system, not a state system.
Georgia needs a state system of public education, with the emphasis placed upon the word "state". The laws upon which these independent systems are now established should be rescinded and all the schools of the state should be placed under the control of the State Board of Education. A uniform course of study from the piimary grades through the high schools should be established, thus making possible a uniform system of text books.
It follows that a state system of certification should be made to apply to every school within the state, and the salaries paid in each county should be based upon the grade of certificate which the teacher holds. A minimum salary should be set for each grade of certificate, and the teachers of Georgia should be given a period of time in which to secure the professional training they need.
A notable step in this direction was taken a little over a year ago when your State Board of Education established the first state system of certification. In the early days certification was wholly by examination. Permanent or life certificates were granted in 1890 to those who made on examination a grade of 95. This lasted until 1915, when the plan of permanent certificates on examination was discontinued. The Legislature granted to Gordon Institute and to the Noimal Schools the light to give their graduates certificates to teach in the public schools without
examination, but the graduates of our standard colleges during this period were compelled to stand examinations under CountySuperintendents in order to be licensed to teach. Beginning with 1916 graduates of these colleges were given a life certificate after five years of successful experience in teaching. In 1923 this requirement was increased to ten years, but those holding an M. A. degree were given a life certificate after three years of successful teaching experience. The former system of preparing the examination papers in the office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction, sending them to the County Superintendent who held the examination and graded the papers, did not tend to the extablishment of a state system of certification, but to 160 separate county systems of certification. Under these conditions, it was practically impossible to maintain a well defined standard.
However the announcement of our plan a year ago, did not awaken any marked enthusiasm among the teachers of Georgia and the members of the State Board of Education were not given any banquets or tendered any boquets because of their action. Throughout the state there was confusion among the teachers as to the plan and criticism was wide-spread. The storm broke during the meeting of the Georgia Education Association held in Savannah one year ago This body appointed a special Committee to represent the wishes of the teachers before the State Board of Education. A Commission made up of members of the State Board and representative educators was created by the State Board of Education to look into this matter. Following the meeting of the Commission, held at Mercer University on June 13th, 1924, the members of the State Board belonging to the Commission sent out the following explanation and interpretation:
"The State Board of Education adopted on March 15, 1924 the new state system for the certification of teachers. This system had been worked out by two leading educators who were thoroughly conversant with the conditions in all of our schools and who appreciated the need of modification in the existing system. This report had been brought to the attention of the Board through Superintendent N. H. Ballard. Each member of the State Board was given a copy of the proposed plan and careful study was devoted to it. At the next meeting of the
9
State Board the system of certification was adopted with the changes which had been suggested by the members of the Board.
"Three principles guided the Board in the adoption of the new system: First, the highest elementary license or certificate should be issued by the State Board on the basis of examinations taken under supervision of the county superintendent and forwarded to the State Depaitment of Education to be graded. Second, the professional certificate was placed upon a higher level by requiring that the recipient should not only complete the required amount of work in the subject of education given by an approved school or college, but that, in addition to this, the teacher should have three years of successful teaching experience before his professional certificate should be issued. To the graduate completing the required professional work, there was given a certificate to teach called the provisional certificate, the provision being the completion of three years of successful teaching. Third, the State Board of Education set up a state system of certification which enabled the holder of the certificate to be recognized and accepted in any other state. In order to make this effective, it was thought necessary that a full leport of the work done be made to the State Department by the registrar of the school attended by the applicant so that the ceitificate should be issued upon the basis of this data, being placed in the hands of the State Superintendent.
"When this system was announced, considerable confusion arose. Many teachers now holding licenses or certificates which are renewable on the basis of these teachers meeting certain specified requitements were unduly alarmed. Such a certificate is in fact a contract with the state. There has been no intention on the part of the State Board of Education to modify in the slightest degree such a contract. Every teacher may have his certificate renewed, if he meets the conditions given in the license or certificate which he now holds.
"Many teachers whose licenses or certificates expire this year found themselves embrassed by the requirement that they should take an examination this summer for renewal. The registrars of the schools and colleges declared that they were not able to furnish the data with regard to their former graduates who desired to secure certificates on the basis of the work they had done.
10
These two statements came to the attention of the State Board of Education and on the basis of the facts given the State Board authorized that any teacher who did not wish to apply for certification under the new system at once should apply for an extension of the license or certificate which the teacher now holds and that if this application were endorsed by the county superintendent the State Supei intendent would extend the license or certificate for another year.
"A committee appointed by the Georgia Educational Association came before the State Board at its June meeting, and as a result of the appeal of this committee the State Board appointed a Commission on the Certification of Teachers to consider any modification which might be desirable. The following are members of this Commission: Rufus W. Weaver, chairman, E. E. McCarty, J. H. Saxon, Ralph Newton, B. H. Scott, Willis E. Sutton, Miss Katherine Dozier, D. C. Barrow, Roland Bower and R. E. Wager.
"This Commission held a meeting in Macon on June 13, 1924. Immediately preceding this meeting, a conference was held participated in by the representatives of the schools and departments of education from all the colleges and universities of the state. The group of educators approved the plan whereby the examination papers for the first grade elementary licenses should be graded by the State Department of Education. Other recommendations having direct bearing upon the professional training of teachers were made to the Commission on Certification. It was a fruitful discussion and gave the point of view of the men and women who are most keenly interested in elevating the work of the teacher to that of a profession.
"The Commission on Certification felt that the matters brought to its attention were so important that it could not reach a final decision at this meeting. Believing that each member of the Commission should carefully study the present system of certification and the changes which might improve it and strengthen it, it was agreed that another meeting be held before a final report was made.
"The new system of certification goes into effect on July 1 1924. We will have four systems of certification in operation within the state. First, the county system with the county
11
superintendent granting second and third grade licenses to elementary teachers. Second, the system which has been in operation in the past and on the basis of which teachers who now hold certificates or licenses may have the same renewed, provided they meet the conditions as they are set forth. Third, certification by extension available only for those whose certificates have expired and for graduates of schools and colleges who desire to receive the same kind of certification which has been given in the past. Fourth, the new system of certification in which the State Department will issue the certificate, based either upon examinations made by the State Department or upon the record of the work completed in an approved institution and reported to the State Department.
"There might be listed a fifth system which would include those independent school systems within the state which by legislation are excluded from the direct supervision of the State Department.
"It may seem unwise to have so many different systems. However, those who are acquainted with the conditions which now exist and with the history of certification in Georgia during the past fifty years, will interpret this as a temporary arrangement looking toward the establishment of a system of certification for the whole state, under the control of the State Board of Education. This system will meet the obligation imposed by the State which definitely prescribes that the State Board of Education shall set up a state system of certification.
"We cannot supply the need of all our Georgia public schools with teachers fully equipped. There is one county in Georgia where, outside of the county seat, there is not a single teacher who has had any high school training. Therefore, it follows that the system of giving second and third grade licenses and certificates by the county superintendent must be continued. The extension granted by the State Board to teachers whose licenses or certificates expire this year was simply an act of justice to these teachers. The renewal of certificates in accordance with contracts made by the State with the teachers holding them is just and legal. The establishing of the state system of certification with the official proofs on which this certification is based, being placed in the Department of Education at Atlanta,
12
is a step forward and the inauguration of it on July 1 has been endorsed formally by the State Board of Education.
"There are modifications which, doubtless, ought to be made. The Commission on Certification will welcome advice from every source. We are undertaking to deal with a difficult problem in the best practical way. We cannot hope to satisfy every interest. We desire to raise the standard of instruction in Georgia. In time we hope to have only one system, which will honor the teaching profession and which will provide a sufficient number of professionally trained teachers, not only to fill the teaching positions in our secondary schools, but all the schools---from the primary to the high school
RUFUS W. WEAVER J. H. SAXON E. E. McCARTY
Members of the State Education Board, serving on the Commission on Certification."
A little over nine months have passed since this system of certification went into effect. It is probable that over 3,000 Georgia teachers are compelled to take their examinations under county superintendents since their training and education will not enable them to pass successfully the examination given by the State Department of Education and reviewed by expeit examineis in Atlanta. There are probably 15,000 teachers in Georgia who either have applied or should apply for state certification. The present number of certificates issued under the new system of state certification, according to Prof. E. A. Pound exceeds twelve thousand, while applications are still coming in a the rate of 100 per week. A considerable number of our teachers hold certificates which will not expire this year. These figures indicate that not only have the teachers of Georgia given their approval to the system, but that nearly 90% of them have actually secured certificates.
13
The adoption of this plan enables any teapher in Georgia going to another state to secure recognition and employment based upon the certificate issued by the common-wealth of Georgia. It is highly probable that a larger number of teachers will spend this next summer in securing moje professional training than the colleges and universities of Georgia have ever enrolled before. No college graduate will be allowed to teach longer than three years who does not have and who does not secure within the period the professional training which we recognize as essential to the successful teacher. Graduates of accredited high schools will not be given certificates after September, 1926, unless a unit of education is given during the high school course, or unless a summer school in which at least six semester hours of professional training are given is attended by the applicant.
We need in this state approximately 4,000 new teachers every year,, and there are thousands of young women and hundreds of young men now teaching who have no intention of making teaching a profession. Our present plan of certification will reduce the number of "trousseau teachers"--young women who are teaching temporarily until they enter upon the profession of matrimony. A college graduate is, under the new system, permitted to teach for a period of only three years, and at the end of this time if he has not secured during the summer the required amount of professional training, his certificate is not renewable, and he must enter upon another career.
It would be a wise course for Georgia to follow in the footsteps of North Carolina, and require all the teachers within a definite period of time to secure the minimum amount of professional training. All of our colleges should not only develop departments of education, but should make special appeal to students to enter the profession of teaching. Young men and young women who desire to serve their God and their country may well devote their lives to the promotion of a higher order of intelligence in this state.
Increased funds must be made available in order to provide buildings, equipment, and an adequate teaching force. Good roads tend to promote consolidated schools The one-teacher school is usually an educational failure Many counties have
14
too small an amount of taxable property to provide sufficient funds necessary in giving the children of the rural sections instruction through the firsts even grades. Over one-fourth of all our white children now enrolled in the first seven grades are in the first grade, while two-fifths of the number are in the first two grades. At least one-half of all the children living in the rural sections of Georgia are in the first two grades. By educational standards Georgia is placed among the five states nearest the bottom, and one great educational foundation now puts Georgia in the lowest place. One of every twenty white adults in Georgia is listed by the United States as illiterate. The commonwealth of Georgia is under no special obligation to furnish higher education to the fortunate few, but having driven out all educational competition, the commonwealth is under a binjing obligation to furnish an adequate elementary education to all the children of the state, whether they live in the country or in the town.
The Southern states have 30% of the nation's population. The elementary scholastic population, however, for the Southern states is 37% of the nation's elementary scholastic population There are more children, in proportion to population, in the South than to be found in any other section of the Union Although the South has only 37% of the elementary scholastic population, 46% of the children in the United States enrolled in the first four grades are in the public schools of the South. This report indicates the city as well as the rural schools. If the figures were available so that we could compare the situation in the rural schools of the South with the rural schools elsewhere in the United States, the contrast would be even more startling. Every child outside of the South is given three times as much by the state for his education before he reaches the high school, as each child is given by the state anywhere in the South.
Today 74% of our Georgia population is rural. We are an agricultural people, suffering from the ravages of pests and poorly organized markets. In 1920 Georgia had a population of 1,672 928 whites, and of these, less than 60,000 were not Southern by birth while less than 200,000 were born outside of Georgia. We are a Georgia people, with all the advantages and disadvantages growing out of a limited contact with the world at large. The record of public education in Georgia is the story of forward-
IB
looking men, thwarted in the carrying out of a progressive program, by the narrowness and the prejudices of those whose interests were selfish, and whose eyes were blinded to the rights of Georgia children. Every one who studies the successive Constitutions adopted by the State of Georgia, will be impressed with the fact that the founders of these successive Constitutions were not committed to a generous educational policy for the youth of this state. It is to the credit of the citizens of this generation that amendments have been adopted which enlarge the educational ministry of the state, and have contributed much to educational progress.
The most grafifying results in recent years have grown out of the Barrett-Rogers Act, an act which set aside $100,000.00 to be used in helping consolidated schools and county high schools. This amount was increased to $200,000.00 per annum. The story of the progress of secondary education in Georgia during the last twenty years reads like a romance. We have discovered that communities and counties are more than willing to impose upon themselves additional taxes for education if, by so doing, they can get from the state funds not otherwise available. Therefore, I favor an equalizing fund, from which grants shall be made to aid the backward counties, on condition that by local taxation they raise an amount sufficient to provide seven months of instruction in all their schools. With this equalizing fund, we will be able to transform the conditions now existing in our rural schools, and we will open the door of educational opportunities to every country boy and girl. The children in the mountains, the children in the wire-grass, and the children in the coastal plains will be given a chance, and the path which opens to achievement will, by way of the school house, lead to every home in Georgia.
The state certification of teachers, and the state aiding rural schools by special subsidies, should be attended by two other legislative measures, one the election of all county boards by the people, and the selection of a county superintendent by the county board The other measure is the establishing of a county unit by which there shall be merged the city and the country school under one administration
The progress of North Carolina is due primarily to an educational program inaugurated thirty years ago, the purpose of
16
which was to grant educational opportunities to the children living in rural communities A Governor, Charles B. Aycock, was elected upon an educational program. He was warmly supported by a legislature in sympathy with his ideals. A generation has come and gone, and now North Carolina leads al! the Southern states, and stands among the other states of the Union in the amounts paid to the national income tax. Splendid brick buildings are found at points distant from any central population, and there is prosperity everywhere.
The hour is most propitious for public education in Georgia. Last Tuesday Governor Clifford Walker requested the State Board of Education to recommend to him the legislation which should be enacted during the coming session of our next Legislature. He has dedicated himself to the cause of Public Education, and we look to him to lead us in securing at an early date every educational reform, every progressive measure, now needed.
It is my earnest hope that this body, which represents the official and organized agencies for promoting public education, may reach hearty and enthusiastic agreement regarding an equalizing fund, the purpose of which shall be to provide better rural schools everywhere, regarding the system of certification and the improvement of the methods in securing better teacher training; regarding the establishment of a state public system of education in which the counties shall be the unit and in which the cities shall share a proportion of the expense in providing educational opportunities for the boys and girls living in the country; regarding an appropriation to be made to the illiteracy Commission so that in every county this work may be carried on as it has been in Bibb County, where more than 7,000 illiterates have been taught to read and write; regarding legislation which will give better and more intelligent supervision to the public schools; and last but not least, regarding instruction to be given in all the schools leading to a finer devotion to our commonwealth, a greater reverence for law, and a greater reverence for God.
17
DISTRIBUTION OF BARRETT-ROGERS FUND.
The assignment of the Barrett-Rogers aid up to last year was an easy matter, in that the applications did not absorb the amount appropriated. This year more than $300,000 in applications have been received and we have only $200,000 to give.
In the consolidated elementary aid we have followed strictly the law, in that it requires that two schools be assigned to no county until every other county has had opportunity to apply for this fund.
The list below gives a maximum of two to each county that has applied. This amounts to $111,000.00. In this case one of two things may be done--either, when it is paid, pay it to schools on a pro rata basis, when they are equally worthy, or else have the Legislature make an appropriation this summer to cover this excess.
Another list attached contains many worthy schools. Indeed, some of them are far more so than those which have been assigned the $500 in the first list, yet they are schools in counties where already two consolidations had been assigned the aid. It would be well to recommend to the Legislature that they make an appropriation for these schools. The amount would be $16,000.00.
In the high school aid, there have been approved 144 schools, which, under the act, are seemingly entitled to this fund, as they are offering their high school to all the boys and girls in the county on the same terms that they receive their own. I see nothing to do but for the Legislature to make an additional appropriation to meet these or else a pro rata division be made when the amount is paid.
All of these assignments are tentatively made. That is, the schools--both elementary and high--must meet the conditions during the next fall sessions that have been promised in the applications. Otherwise, they should be stricken from the list.
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ELEMENTARY AID 1925.
County Atkinson Atkinson Bacon Bacon Baker Baker Baldwin Baldwin Banks Barrow Barrow Bartow Ben Hill Ben Hill Berrien Bleckley Brantley Brantley Brooks Bryan Bryan Bulloch Bulloch Burke Burke Butts Butts Calhoun Calhoun Camden Camden Campbell Candler Candler Carroll Charlton Charlton Chattahoochee.
At
Place
Axson
Pearson
Coffee
Junior High
Bethany
Elmodel
Union Point
Cooperville
Baldwin
Statham
Cooks
Kingston
Lynwood
Ashton
Union
Salem
Nahunta
Hoboken
Morven
Ellabelle
Pembroke
Nevils
Denmark
Midville
Vidette
Jenkinsburg
Towaliga
Morgan
Arlington
Whiteoak
Waverly
Rico
Union
Rosemary
Temple
Folkston
St. George
Cussetta
19
Chattooga
Cherokee
Cherokee
Clarke
Clay
Clay
Clinch
Colquitt
Colquitt
Columbia
Coweta
,
Crawford
Dade
Dawson
Decatur
Decatur
DeKalb
DeKalb
Dodge
Dodge ,
Dooly
Douglas
Douglas
Early
Early
Echols
Effingham
Eff ingham
Elbert
Elbert
Emanuel
Evans
Fannin
Fayette
Fayette
Floyd
Floyd
Forsyth
Forsyth... .: Gilmer
Glascock
At Gore " Free Home " Macedonia Model & Training Fort Gaines Oakland Dupont Funston Berlin Leah Farmers Institute Roberta Trenton Dawsonville Faceville Attapulgus Ingleside Emory Rhine Dodge High Byromville Bill Arp Lithia Springs Rowena Colomokee Statenville Pyramid Clyo First Consolidated Centerville Summertown Belleville Mineral Bluff Fayetteville Brooks Armuchee Model Sharon Friendship Ellijay Fellowship
20
Glascock Gordon Gordon Grady Grady Greene Gwinnett Habersham Habersham Hall Hall Hancock Haialson Harris Harris Hart Hart Heard Heard Henry Houston Houston Irwin Irwin Jackson Jasper Jefferson Jefferson Jenkins
Jenkins Johnson Johnson Jones Jones Lamar Lanier Lanier Laurens. Laurens Lee
Liberty
At Mitchell " Plainville " Sonoraville " Reno " Spence " Liberty " Norcross " Hollywood " Alto " Sardis " Jefferson " Devereaux " Felton " Sunnyside " Waverly Hall " Reed Creek " Mount Olivet " Franklin
'.... " Unity " Hampton " Bonaire " Hattie " Mystic " Waterloo " Dry Pond " Shady Dale " Louisville " Stapleton " Lanier " Norwood " Kite " Scott " Haddock " Griswoldville " Milner " Crisp " Milltown " Smith " Mt. Carmel " Smithville
" Hinesville
21
Liberty Lincoln Long Lowndes Lowndes Lumpkin Macon Madison Madison McDuffie Mclntosh Meriwether Meriwether Miller Milton Mitchell Mitchell Monroe Montgomery Morgan Morgan Murray Muscogee Muscogee Newton Newton Oglethorpe Paulding Paulding Peach Pickens Pierce Pierce. .., Pike Pulaski Pulaski Putnam. Quitman Rabun Rabun Randolph
At Willie Lincolnton Ludowici. Lake Park Clyattsville Dahlonega Montezuma Carlton Ila D earing Darien Woodbury Oakland Harmony Alpharetta Cotton Hopeful Forsyth Kibbee Rutledge Buckhead Spring Place Bull Creek Rosemont Heard-Mixon Livingston Crawford Burnt Hickory Hiram Byron Marble City Patterson Blackshear Zebulon Pulaski Consolidated
Rockville Georgetown Dillard Clayton Shellman
22
Richmond. Richmond. Schley.. .. Screven... Screven... Stephens.. Stewait... Stewart... Sumter. . . Sumter.. . Seminole.. Seminole.. Talbot... . Talbot... . Tal iafer.ro. Tattnall. . Tattnall. . Taylor... . Taylor... . Telfair... . Telfair... . Terrell... . Terrell... . Thomas... Thomas... Tift Tift Toombs... Toombs... Towns. . . . Treutlen. . Treutlen.. Troup.... Troup.... Twiggs. . . Twiggs. . . Union.... Upson.... Upson.... Walker. . . Walker. ..
At 119th District Hoods Chapel Ellaville Bay Branch Rocky Ford Fairview Richmond Lumpkin Thomson Lysian Iron City Donalsonville Woodland Junction City Crawfordville Cedar Haw Midway Reynolds Rupert Wormore Towns Bronwood Graves Pavo Ochlocknee TyTy Chula New Branch Johnson Corner Hiawassee Orlando Gillis Springs Mountville Center Jeffersonville Danville Blairsville Crest Yatesville Cedar Grove West Armuchee
23
Walton Walton Ware Warren Washington. Washington. Wayne Wayne Webster Wheeler Wheeler Whit field. . . Wilcox Wilcox Wilkes Wilkes Wilkinson.. . Wilkinson.. . Worth Worth
At Jersey New Hope Waresboro Norwood Harrison Riddleville Screven Empire Preston Linwood Shiloh Cohutta Owensboro Pitts Tignall Danburg Toomsboro Mt. Carmel Red Rock Poulan
ELEMENTARY CONSOLIDATIONS TO BE RECOMMENDED TO THE LEGISLATURE
FOR AN ADDITIONAL APPRORIATION.
Baker Barrow Camden Decatur Dodge Dodge Effingham Elbert Gordon Hall Hall Hall Hart Hart
At Newton " Auburn " Kingsland " Pine Hill " Cross Roads " Rhoddy " Springfield " Bowman " Liberty " Candler " Brookton " Oakwood
" Bowersville " Sardis
24
Hart Heard Irwin Jones Morgan... Newton... Screven... Tattnall. . Tattnall. . Tattnall. . Terrell... . Terrell... . Tift Walker. . . Wilcox.... Wilkinson. Worth Worth
.... At Nuberg
U Ephesus a Lax u Gray Bostwick u Mansfield u Hiltonia a Collins a Reidsville u Hillview u Parrott
it Passer a Omega u Rossville Pineview
it Irwinton a Warwick u Sumner
HIGH SCHOOL AID 1925.
County Atkinson Atkinson Appling Bacon Baker Baldwin Banks Barrow Bartow Berrien Bleckley Brantley Brooks Bryan Bulloch Burke Butts Calhoun
Place At Pearson ($500) " Willacoochee ($500)
Baxley " Alma
Newton " Milledgeville
Homer " Winder " Cartersville " Nashville
Cochran " Nahunta " Barwick
Pembroke Statesboro " Waynesboro Jackson Edison
25
Camden. . Campbell. Candler... Carroll. . . Catoosa... Charlton.. Chattooga. Cherokee. . Clarke.. . . Clay Clayton... Clinch. .. . Cobb Coffee.... Colquitt. . Columbia. Cook Coweta. . . Crawford. . Dade Dawson.... Decatur. . . DeKalb... . Dodge Dooly Dougherty. Douglas. . . Early Echols Effingham. Elbert Emanuel.. . Evans Fannin Fayette.. . . Floyd Forsyth... . Franklin. . . Gilmer Glascock.. . Glynn
At Kingsland Fairburn Metter Carrollton Ringgold Folkston Gore Canton Winterville Fort Gaines Jonesboro Homerville Acworth Nicholls Moultrie Harlem Adel Senoia Roberta Trenton Dawsonville Brinson Chamblee Eastman Vienna Albany Douglasville Blakely Statenville Springfield Centerville Graymont-Summitt Claxton Morganton Fayetteville Cave Springs dimming Carnesville Ellijay Gibron Brunswick
26
Gordon Grady Greene Gwinnett Habeisham Hall Hancock Haralson Harris Hart' Heard Henry Houston Irwin Jackson Jasper Jeff Davis Jefferson Jenkins Johnson Jones Lanier Laurens Lee Liberty Lincoln Long Lumpkin Macon Madison Marion McDuffie Mclntosh Meriwether Miller Milton Mitchell Monroe Morgan Murray Newton
,. . ,.. . .
At Fairmont Cairo
" Greensboro " Snellville " Baldwin
Gainesville " Sparta " Buchanan " Chipley
Hartwell " Franklin " McDonough " Perry " Ocilla " Martin Institute " Monticello
Hazlehurst " Bartow " Millen " Wrightsville " Gray " Milltown " Dudley " Leesburg " Hinesville " Lincolnton " Ludowici " Dahlonega (conditional)
Montezuma Danielsville " Buena Vista Thomson Darien " Woodbury Colquitt Alphretta Sale City " Forsyth " Madison " Spring Place " Covington
27
Oconee Oglethorpe., Paulding.. . . Peach Pickens Pierce Pike Putnam. Quitman. . . Rabun Randolph.. Rockdale. . . Schley Screven. .. . Seminole... . Stephens.... Stewart Sumter Sumter Talbot Taliaferro. . Tattnall Taylor Thomas... . Tift Toombs Treutlen.. . Turner Twiggs Upson Walker.... Walton Ware Warren Washington. Wayne Webster. . . Wheeler. . . White Whitfield. . Wilcox
At Watkinsville Lexington Dallas Fort Valley Jasper Blackshear Zebulon Eatonton Georgetown Clayton Cuthbert Conyers Ellaville Sylvania Donaldsonville Eastanollee Richland Leslie ($500) Plains ($500) Talbotton Crawfordville Glennville Butler Pavo Tifton Johnson Corner Soperton Ashburn Jeffersonville Thomaston LaFayette Monroe Wacona Wairenton Sandersville Jesup Preston Alamo Cleveland Cohutta Abbeville
28
Wilkes... . Wilkinson. Worth. ...
At Tignall a Irwinton a Sylvester
OPINIONS OF ATTORNEY GENERAL.
A request has come from Sumter County, asking a decision in reference to two important matters:
One was, if a taxing district is combined with a non-taxing district by the order of the Board and no objection is raised within thirty days to the consolidation, or if objection is raised and a vote is taken and a majority vote for the consolidation, would the taxing power be extended over the entire district ?
The other was, with reference to a county line district should other than the local tax itself be assigned to this district or should the entire pro rata county and state tax from the county whose territory had been cut off and yet exercised no control over the school. From the Attorney-General's answer it would appear that a judicial decision should be had in this matter to finally determine it, or else legislation to correct it.
May 21, 1925.
HON. N. H. BALLARD, State School Superintendent, State Capitol. Dear Sir:
Replying to yours of May 16th and to the questions raised in the letter of Judge Shipp and of Mr. Moore, County School Superintendent, of Sumter County, which you attach to your said letter, I beg to say:
(1) As to the legal effect of adding a non-taxing district. to a taxing district by order of consolidation by the Board of Education: so far, I have not found that the Supreme Court has had this question before it; but it is my opinion that the fixing of a lien of taxes on the property of the non-paying district could
23
not be accomplished simply by an order of consolidation, whether submitted to by the people or resisted and consolidation effected after an election held on that question.
It would seem that, in order to effectuate taxation over territory in this state, there should be an express vote on that subject.
(2) As to the construction of Section 118 of the School code of the State of Georgia, you will note that the forward pait of this section provided:
"That the tax collected of each county from which territory has been cut shall collect the school tax levied by the trustees of the school district thus formed in the territory cut from his county, and shall pay the same when collected to the authorized officer of the Board". It is--
"Provided, further, that if there are county wide local taxes for schools thus automatically observing existing local tax districts in the county-wide system, that in such cases that part of any existing local tax district lying outside of the county so voting the county-wide school tax shall be also automatically included for purposes of school support, and administration in the county so voting the county-wide local school tax, so as to not interfere with existing local school conditions".
A fair construction of this provision would seem to mean that the operation of the school under the collection of the countywide school tax shall proceed without interference and just as if the local tax district lying outside of the county voting the county-wide local school tax was a part of that county, instead of being in another county. In other words, that the existing local school conditions are not to be disturbed.
This is an interesting and intricate question, and so far, I am not familiar with any decision of the Supreme Court thereon. It would be interesting to see it judicially determined.
Very truly youis,
GEORGE M. NAPIER, Attorney-General.
30
We wish to call special attention to Bulletin No. 43, Geological Survey of Georgia, by W. S. McCallie State Geologist. This bulletin deals with the physical Geography of Georgia and is a wonderful contribution on this subject. While it is not intended as a text book, yet as a working reference for those who are teaching Georgia's physical geography it will be a wonderful help. I do not know just how many copies are available for distribution yet I would suggest that those who are interested write Dr. McCallie, State Geologist, Atlanta, Ga.
31
GEORGIA
State School Items
Published Monthly by the Department of Education.
Vol. 2
May 1, 1925
No. 8
N. H. BALLARD,
State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-cla. rt., *&r Octoher S, 1923, of Atlanta, Geor^'^ under the Act of At .>..' 24, for mailing at special rate of postage pros Act of October 3, 1917, aut!-orized October J, 1 ^,,.
the Post Office Acceptance xtion 1103,
ATLAN'i \, GA.
The Qualification of the White Teachers of Georgia and their Eelation to the Children whom they teach.
J. 0. MARTIN, State School Supervisor.
INTRODUCTION.
The tabulations included in this article have been compiled from the State School Survey which was made by the State Department of Education of Georgia during 1923-1924 under the direction of the State School Superintendent. The record of every teacher in the public and private schools is given.
In compiling these statistics, I have had the aid of Miss Fannie Sue Stone of the Extension Division of the Georgia State College for Women, and Miss Lurline Parker, both of whom have rendered valuable assistance.
The report is given in three divisions: First--that of the State as a whole; second--the State as a whole excepting the counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee, and Richmond; third--the counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee, and Richmond. Inasmuch as these five counties are more urban than rural and pre-suppose the approach to the standard, we are showing these tabulations separately.
A conscious efifert has been made to arrange the material in a manner which .'^et's outstanding conditions with reference to the qualification of teachers and their relation to the children whom they tea i.
CONTENTS.
PART I.
(A) Number of Teachers and their educational qualifications. (B) Kind of school in which various types of teachers teach and
the degrees of their professional qualification.
PART II. Experience of Teachers in length of service.
PART III. Tenure of service in present school.
PART IV. Tenure of service in county.
PARTS V AND VI.
(A) Number of Teachers of varying degrees of qualification teaching the different grades.
(B) Number of children taught in the different grades by teachers of varying qualifications.
(C) Total enrollment by evades for the entifei State.
PART Vlt^ Retardation of children.
Conclusions.
PART VIII.
PART I.
"A"--Number of Teachers and their Educational Qualifications.
As recorded in the survey there are 12,322 white teachers employed in the public, private and denominational schools in Georgia, whose grades range from the first through the eleventh. These teachers vary in degrees of scholastic training as follows:
6th grade 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th
completion,
2 or .02 percent of total
281 " 2.28 583 " 4.73 767 " 6.22 1,216 " 9.87 "
2,952 " 23.93
1 year Junior Collegei 2 year Junior College1 1-2 year Normal 1 year Normal 2 year Normal School1 1 year College 2 year College 3 year College 4 year College
173 " 1.04 -
260 " 2.11 "
64 " .52 ''
534 " 4.33 '
2,590 " 21.02 "
396 " 3.21 "
424 "
3.44
"
11
194 " 1.57
1,886 " 15.31 "
See Table No. 1, Part I.
"B"--The Kinds of Schools in Which Various Types of Teachers are Found.
From a study of Table No. 1, Part I for all counties, it is seen that there is a total of 1,757 one-teacher schools; 1,674 twoteacher schools; ?~A .aree-teacher schools; 221 four-teacher schools; and the remainder are five or more teacher schools. By reference, to Graph. No. 1, it is seen that of the 281 teachers of seventh grade completion 48.41% are in the oneteacher schools; 38.44% are in the two-teacher schools; 10.32% are in the three-teacher schools; 1.42% are in the four-teacher schools and 1.42% are in the five or more teacher schools.
The percentages decrease from the one-teacher schools toward the five or more teacher schools, and as the degree of scholarship increases, the percentages increase toward the five or more teacher schools until the college group of 1886 teachers is reached. Of this number 1.07% are in the one-teacher schools and 91.15% are in the five or more teacher schools. In addition to this, 80.44% of the Normal school graduates are teaching in the five or more teacher schools. This totals 3,807 college and Normal School graduates which is .85% of the total number of 4,476 college and Normal school graduates. The remaining 7,846 teachers or 64.17% of the total number of 12,322 are teaching in the smaller schools of the State.
Those of the least degree of training, as shown in Tables Nos. 1, 2 and 3 and Graphs Nos. 1, 2 and 3, are teaching in the one and two-teacher schools and are the assistant teachers in the two and three-teacher schools. This is a natural result. Those teachers who have made the greatest investment in preparation are employed in the larger schools where longer terms, larger salaries, fewer classes and longer recitation periods are to be found. Those who have expended tne least in time, effort and money are willing to accept the least in return.
For the total number of counties, excepting Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond, the same trend of percentages and conditions--the rate of increase and decrease as shown in Tables Nos. 4, 5 and 6 and graphs Nos. 4, 5, and 6 hold true with reference to the degree of training and the size of school in which the teachers are employed.
From Tables Nos. 7, 8, and 9 and grsphs Nos. 7, 8 and 9, we note that conditions in Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond are similar except that in them there are only 18 one-teacher schools; 32 two-teacher schools; 36 three-teacher schools and 36 four-teacher schools, the remaining number being five or more teacher schools.
There are only 9 teachers in these five counties who have less than complete high school training.
I
PART II.
Experience in Length of Service.
Referring to Tables Nos. 1, 2 and 3, Part II and GraphsNos. 2, 3, 4, it is shown that there are 6,366 or 17.58% of the total number of all teachers in the State teaching their first year.
Beginning with the type of teachers who have completed seventh grade only, we find that 30.97% of the total number of 281 are teaching their first year; 17.09% their second year; 13.53% their third year; 10.32% their fourth year;and 28.12% have taught five or more years. This is in contrast with the college graduates numbering 1,886. Of this number, 10.84% are teaching their first year; 11.32% their second year; 8.15% their third year; 7.78% their fourth yearjand 61.68% have had five or more years' experience.
Hence it will be noted that the number of years in experience increases with the degree of increase in scholarship, the mortality from year to year being the greatest among the teachers of the untrained type. The higher the type of training, the longer is the period of service of the teacher to the State.
Thus far, for the money which the State expends in the training of teachers, it receives a two fold return: first in the
quality of service given and second in an extended length of service.
The same conditions hold true in the counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond. (Consult Tables No. 4 to 9 with accompanying Graphs).
PART III.
Tenure in Present School.
In Tables No. 1 and 2, Part III, it is shown for all counties in Georgia that 6,366 or 51.76% of the total number of teachers are teaching their first year in the present school. The greatest percentage of new teachers in the present school is found in the group with seventh grade training. 68.71% of this group are serving their first year in the present school. The percentage
5
decreases from the seventh-grade type to the four-year college type. The report further shows that of those teachers with one or more year's experience that 4,206 or 42% of all teachers in the State are teaching their first year in the present school.
Referring again to the seventh grade group we find that 88.67% of the total number of that group change places annually andareteaching their first year in the present school; 18.87% are teaching their second year in the present school; 5.34% their third year; 2.49% their fourth year, and 4.63% are teaching their fifth or more years in the present school.
It is further shown in this and the report for Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond, that the more deficient the training the shorter is the length of service at one place, showing that inadequate preparation reacts in mal-adjustment on the part of the teacher to over-whelming tasks. The converse is true in that the higher the degree of training, the longer is the tenure of service in the same school.
Therefore the State receives a third return for investment in the training of teachers--that of longer service of the teachers in the present school.
PART IV.
Tenure of Service in the County.
It is significant, as shown by Tables Nos. 1, 2 and 3, Part IV, for all counties, that 4,365 or 35.49% of the total number of teachers are teaching their first year in the present county. Of this number 2,236 or 22% of the total had taught elsewhere. As will be seen, the greatest percentage of changes occur in the ranks of the poorest prepared teachers. For example, 34.04% of the seventh grade group who have taught two or more years elsewhere are teaching the first year in the county of their present service; 16.38% their second year; 14.24% their third year; 9.36% their fourth year;and 17.80% have taught five years or more in the present county.
A study of Tables Nos. 4 to 9 with accompanying graphs show similar conditions.
The number decreases relatively with each degree of increased training. Therefore, it is seen that the lack of training results in a change of teacher both school and county each year. Hence, the State receives a fourth benefit from her investment in the training of teachers--that of longer tenure of service of the teacher in the County.
PARTS V AND VI.
Number Children Taught by High School Under Graduates.
We wish to call attention to some additional facts among which are the following:
Table No. 10 shows that 2,849 teachers (or 23.12% of the total number of 12,322 teachers) whose scholarships- range from the sevenththrough the tenth grade teach 93,823 or 23.92% of the 391,888 school children ol the State.
Teacheis of these degrees of scholarship compare with children of ages ranging from twelve to fifteen of normal age--grade in school. Practically one-fourth of the children are under the instruction of these teachers.
The percentage for the state excepting the counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee, and Richmond is much larger (Table No. 11) 2,840 or 27.30% of 10,370 teachers are high school undergraduates teaching 93,641 or 28.38% of their total 329,881 children, while in the counties of Bibb, Chatman, Fulton, Muscogee, and Richmond, ordj 9 or .18% of their 1952 teachers are high school undergraduates and teach 182 or .28% of their 62,007 children. (See Table No. 12, Graph No. 9.)
The Number of Primary Children Taught by High School Undergraduates.
By reference to Table No. 14, we find that 54,839 or 30.7% of the 178,568 children in the Primary Grades (1-3) in the entire State are taught by these high school undergraduates.
Table No. 15 shows for all the counties except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee, and Richmond that 54,699 or 35.29% of their 155,410 Primary children aie being taught by high school undergraduates.
For the Counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond, Table No. 16 shows that 140 or .6 of their 23,158 Primary children are taught by high school undergraduates.
Number of Children Taught by High School Undergraduates and High School Graduates.
By combining the number of high school undergraduates with the high school graduates we have, according to Table No. 10, 5,801 or 47.05% of the total number of teachers with scholarship ranging from seventh through eleventh grades teaching 190,684 or 48.62% of the children of the entire State, of which number 105,015 are Primary children (Table No. 14). This represents 58.80% of the total number of Primary children in the State.
For the total counties except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee, and Richmond, according to Table No. 11, there are 5,564 teachers of this preparation, or 53.48% of the 10,370 teachers. Of the 183,274 children taught by these teachers, 101,513 are Primary children. This number represents 65.49% of the total number of Primary children in these Counties (Table 15).
In Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond, according to Table No. 12, the teachers of this preparation represent 11.88% of the 1,952 teachers.
They teach 7,410 children, of which number 3,502 are in the Primary grades. This is 15.09% of the total number of Primary children in these counties.
It is somewhat startling to see that these most favored counties are unable to secure a greater percentage of professionally equipped teachers.
Number of Children Taught by High School Undergraduates, High School Graduates and College Undergraduates.
Classifying all teacheis with training ranging from one-half year Normal school to three years of college work inclusive, as college undergraduates, and adding these totals to the totals of high school undergraduates and high school graduates, we have, in Table No. 10, 7,846 or 64.17% of all teachers teaching 252,761 or 64.44% of the total number of 391,888 children of Georgia. Of the 178,568 children in the Primary grades, 131,236
or 73.47% are taught by teachers with scholarship ranging frcm seventh grade to three years of college work. (Table 14).
We find in Table No. 11 that 7,362 or 70.73% of the 10,370 teachers in all counties except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee, and Richmond, teach 237,626 children, or 72.04% cf their total number of children. Of their 155,410 Piimary children, 124,528 or 80.33% are taught by teachers of this preparation. (Table No. 15).
Table No. 12 shows for the counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond that 484 or 24.55% of their 1,952 teachers represent these degrees of training. They teach 15,135 or 23.95% of their 62,007 children. Of the 23,158 Primary children, 6,708 or 28.90% are under their instiuction (Table No. 16.)
Number of Children taught by Normal School and College Graduates.
Table No. 10 shows that 4,476 or 36.33% of the 12,332 teachers in the State are normal school and college graduates. They teach 139,127 or 35.48% of the total number of 391,888 children. Of this number 47,332 in the Piimary grades are under their instruction. This is 26.5% of the total number of 178,568 Primary children in the state. (Table No. 14).
For all counties excepting Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond, 3,008 or 28.91% of the teachers with this qualification teach 92,255 or 27.96% of their 329,881 children. Of their 155,410 Primary children ,30,882 or 19.91% are taught by them. (Table No. 15).
For the counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee.and Richmond, Table No. 12 shows that 1,468 college graduates represent 75.30% of their teacheis. The children taught by them number 46,872 which is 75.41% of their 62,007 children. They teach 16,450 or 70.90% of their total number of 23,158 Primary children.
Conclusions Concerning Instruction in Primary Grades.
Hence we see that the vast majority of the children of the Primary grades (1-3) are being taught by teachers who have had the least degree of training, except in the five large counties.
It is useless to say that this is not as it should be. The first grades represent the big democracy, because most of the children are there. Hence the best teachers are needed to teach these grades. It is imperative that specialists in early childhood education have contact with these little children in order that they may secure proper controls in habit formation and oilier things of less evidence but of more importance than facts.
In the counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond, the children are more fortunate, for here 75.3% of all their teachers are either normal school or college giaduates and 70.9% of the Primary children are taught by these professionally trained teachers.
Number r f Children in the Elementary Grades Taught by Teachers of Varying Degrees of Professional Qualification.
Of the number of strictly Elementary school children, grades (4-7), 69,157 or 50.17% of the total number 137,830, according to Table No. 18 are taught by high school undergraduates and high school graduates. 23,934 or 17.36% are taught by college undergraduates; 44,739 or 32.46% are taught by Normal school and college graduates.
For the State, (Table 19), excepting the counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee, and Richmond 65,359 or 55.88% of their total 117,492 Elementary children are taught by high school undergraduates and high school graduates. 20,137 or 17.19% are taught by college undergraduates (1-2 year Normal to 3 years college) while 31,996 or 27.36% are taught by Normal school and college graduates (Table No. 19.)
For the counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond (Table No. 20), 3,798 or 18.73% of the total 20,338 Elementary children are taught by high school undergraduates and high school graduates. 3,797 or 18.59% are taught by college undergraduates. 12,743 or 62.83% are taught by Normal school and college graduates.
Here it is seen that the majority of the children in the Elementary grades of these five counties are taught by trained teacherB.
10
Number of Children Taught by Teachers of Varying Degrees of Professional Qualification who Teach both Elementary and High School Grades.
In those schools of the entire State in which teachers teach both Elementary and High School Grades, 14,647 or 54.06% of the total number of these children are taught by high school undergraduates and high school graduates. 4,992 or 18.54% are taught by college undergraduates and 7,268 or 39.61% are taught by Normal school and college graduates. (Table No. 22.)
For the State, excepting the counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond, 7,868 or 34.54% of the 22,793 children of these types are taught by high school undergraduates and high school graduates 4,369 or 19.18% are taught by college undergraduates, and 3,887 or 17.06% are taught by Normal school and College graduates.
The majority of the teachers who teach both Elementary and High School Grades are found in the one and two-teacher schools and, in some instances the high school subjects taught are beyond the range of the scholarship of the teachers. (See Table No. 1, Part V.)
For the counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee, and Richmond, Table No. 24 shows that only 110 or 2.68% of their 4,114 children taught by teachers who teach both Elementary and High School Grades, are taught by high school undergraduates and high school graduates. 6,23 or 15.14% are taught by college undergraduates and 3,381 or 82.05% are taught by normal school and college graduates.
Number of High School Children Taught by Teachers of Varying Degrees of Professional Qualification.
Table No. 26 shows, with reference to high school children only in the entire State, that 1,865 or 3.83% of the 48.583 high school children are taught by high school undergraduates and high school graduates; 6,930 or 14.25% are taught by college undergraduates and 39,788 or 81.9% are taught by normal chool and colleges graduates.
11
Table No. 27 shows for all counties except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond that 1,865 or 5.44% of their 34,186 high school children are taught by high school undergraduates and high school graduates; 6,831 or 19.95% are taught by college undergraduates; 25,490 or 74.43% are taught by normal school and college graduates.
Table No. 28 shows for counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond, that no high school children only are taught by high school graduates and undergraduates and that only 99 or .14% of the 14,397 high school children are taught by college undergraduates; 14,298 or 99.23% are taught by normal school and college graduates.
Conclusion of Parts V and VI.
In summing up the situation, it is shown that the majority of the children of the Primary Grades are taught by teachers of the least scholastic and professional training; that the majority of the children of the Elementary grades are taught by the partially trained; and that the vast majority of the high school children are being taught by the Normal School and College graduates.
13
$mcmm&
THE
JUG'
13
ENROLLMENT.
Table No. 1, Part VI and Diagram A, show that 21% of the total number of 391,888 children are in the first grade; that 12.1% are in second grade; that 12.4% are in the third grade; 13%are in the fourth grade; 10.09% are in the fifth grade, from which percent steadily decreases to 1.8% in the eleventh grade. The mortality of 42.4% of the children in the first grade as compared with the enrollment of the second grade is in part a reflection of the lack of training, inexperience and short term service on the part of the teachers as expressed in the foregoing pages.
The fourth grade shows the. second largest enrollment and second largest percentage of arrested growth. It is shown here that one-half the number who begin in the first grade never go beyond the fourth, and here is the second pivotal grade in which especially well equipped teachers are needed.
From the seventh to the eleventh grades, there is a mortality of 77% of this enrollment; and only 1.8% of the total enrollment are in the eleventh grade. Hence it is seen that the grades of next importance with reference to enrollment are the seventhand eighth, and for these grades specially equipped teachers are needed. So far as we have been able to learn, no particular effort has been made towards a study of these conditions.
If it be true that civilization moves forward on the feet of little children, the state must raise the thinking level of her children by carrying them out of the valley of the shadows. A wider vision and a broader horizon can not be secured as long as the majority of the children receive no training beyond the Primary Grades.
PART VII.
Retardation of Children.
The survey shows for the whole state that the following 14
DIAGRAM A Showing enrollment by grades of Georgia school
children 1922-1924.
The higher the children go in the grades the broader their vision grows and the wider their horizon becomes.
number of children are retarded one or more years according
to their normal age--grade:
First grade
Second grade
Third grade
Fourth grade
Fifth grade
Sixth grade
Seventh grade
Eighth grade
Ninth grade
Tenth grade
Eleventh grade
25'^
20,854 ^>81* -^
24^ TMfS
AA
10'5^ 6>^
3,754. ^'uo<
Total
180>239
When this number is multiplied by $15.62, the average annual cost per child, it amounts to an annual cost of $2,713,333.18 for teaching retarded children.
It may be further shown that when the number of years lost by each child in the State is found and totaled and multiplied by $15.62, and appalling loss is seen.
While we realize that short terms, irregular attendance and inadequate physical surroundings serve as a large factor in retardation, yet the fact can not be denied that the quality and the training of the teachers are the greatest controlling factor.
For a further study of the subject of retardation, we are giving a summary from previous issues of the State School Items as made up from the survey as they were published but not givenm alphabetical order. This shows the length of term with their attendant percentages of children. See table No. 26.
It is seen that those counties which have the shortest terms (and by reference to page 34, State School Items, February 21 1925 the smallest amounts in teachers! salaties) show the greatest percentage of retardation. The individual record sheets of the survey from which the facts in this report were
16
compiled show that these counties employ teachers with greatest lack of training.
CONCLUSIONS.
From the foregoing facts, at least the following deductions can he made:
1. That to many of the teachers of the entire state are lacking in scholarship.
2. That those teachers who are lacikmg in scholarship are teaching the majority of children.
3. That the untrained teachers are teaching a majority of the Primary children.
4. That the untrained teachers are teaching the one and two-teacher schools and are teaching the Primary grades in the three and four-teacher schools.
5 That the untrained teachers remain in the service the shortest length of time.
6 That the untrained teacher remains in one position the shortest length of time.
7 That the untrained teacher remains in the county the shortest length of time.
8 That 822 additional teachers are needed in the State. (This is based on an average of 35 pupils per room.)
9. That the largest grade enrollment for all the stne is found in the first grade.
10. That the greatest mortality is found between first and second grades.
11. That one-half the children do not go beyond fourth grade.
12. That only 1.8% the the total enrolement are in the eleventh grade.
13. That the first, fourth, seventh and eighth grades are the piVotal points for retardation and mortality, and that in these grades more attention should be paid to the training of teachers who are employed to teach them.
17
14. That the greatest amount of retardation is found in those counties whose terms are shortest, salaries of teachers lowest and teachers lacking in scholarship and professional training.
15. That in the counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond, which have, on the whole, superior advantages, lead in positive conditions.
RECOMMENDATIONS.
On the basis of this investigation, we make at least the following recommendations:
1. That the State build, equip and maintain a sufficient Normal school and University capacity to train an adequate number of teachers.
2. That the State make a more definite and extensive effort to train the teachers who are now in service (for detailed suggestions on these two items consult Georgia School Report 1923-1924, page 10.)
3. That a fund be created with which to equalize the length of term and amount of salaries of the teachers of the entire state.
4. That the Barrett-Rogers fund for rural consolidations be increased in order to encourage more consolidations of small schools and to aid more rural children in attending county high schools.
These things should be done in order to equalize educational opportunity for all children of'all the people of all the communities of all the counties in Georgia.
18
TABLE NO. 1.
PAET I. TEACHERS TEACHING IN: One teacher schools Two-teacher schools.. Three-teacher schools Four-teacher schools . Five or more teacher schools. Totals..
PART II. NUMBER TEACHERS WITH:
One years experience Two years experienceThree years experience Four years experience Five or more years experience
PART III. NUMBER TEACHERS TEACHING.
One year in present school.... One year in present school with 2 or more
years experience elsewhere. Two years in present school. Three years in present school. Four years in present school Five or more years in present school
O
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8*"
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136 256 262 327 497 108 223 308 418 801 29 50 95 182
23 46 136 290 31 56 153 978
15
29 27 24 165
281 583 767 1.216 2,952 173 260
58
112 149 59 125 49 143 256 2,084
35 50 50 32
229
28 42 36
39 279
nn
25 45
16 42
17 51
139 1.723
61 534 2.590
424 194 1.8
116 164 208 623 21 130
101 112 198 490 25 71 110 155 342 15 66 84 148 263 11 229 297 507 1.234 101
24 32 21 53
54 405 64 332 55 282 45 239 316 1,332
52 50 37 48
209
56 35 36 231
29 205 20 214
23 154 18 147
104 1,166
193 349 472 723 1.711
128
263 1.141 197 193
801
106 233 308 515
53 129 156 277 526
15 40 69 98 261
7 27 38 57 140
13
32 61 314
209 736 145 127 114 497 76 97 51 271 38 42 84 177 28 21 72 504 59 71
596 357 198 157 373
TOTALS ACROSS
1,757 2.344 1.122
884 6,215 12,322
2,162 1.735 1.354 1.157 5.914
6.366 4.206 2.403 1.151
724 1.678
TABLE NO. 1.--Continued.
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TOTALS ACROSS
PART IV. NUMBER TEACHERS TEACHING: One year in county One year in countywith two or more years experience elsewhere Two years in county Three years in county Four years in county Five or more years in county
119 194 255 446 1.092 56 97 32 78 91 238 469 35 46 109 169 231 570 35 40 70 105 153 358 16 26 57 62 104 226 11 50 153 176 282 706 55
163 954 125 164
109 549 73
103 474
77
46 272
48
57 173 33 23
165 717 113 112
618
4.365
413
2,236
342
2,312
217
1,420
155
965
554
3,260
PART V. NUMBER TEACHERS TEACHING: Primarygrades 1-3 only Primary and elementary grades Primary, Elementary and high I All the
\ grades Elementary grades only 4-7 Elementary and high thru 8th grade Elementary and high thru 9th grade Elementary and high thru 10th grade-- Elementary and high thru 11th grade ... Teaching high 8th only. High school thru 9th grade High school thru 10th grade High school thru 11th grade
167 270 425 1.081
140 273 260 362 511
5
20 38 68
41 106 165 277 7 24 34 65 161 2 5 16 22 75
14 32 2
193 914 132 118
71 127 35 27
9 11
4
2
185 1.164 136 144
29 68 23 25
13 55 12 14
1
9
7
4
4
1
16
45
177
50
189 21 12
257 122 42
9 8
21 58 1.147
3.772 1.881
184
3,649 591 273 89 22
256 1.517
PART VI. "rimaryCH1-3ILgDraRdEesN TAUGHT IN: Elementary 4-7 grades Elementary and high together. _. High school only
107
5,902 11,009 15,967 21.854 50,176 2,345 3,078 735 7,987 40,111 5,573 4,597 1,906 7,221 3,038 7,547 8,479 12,883 37.210 1,908 3,092 1,003 6,473 35,290 4,277 4.980 2,201 9,449
1.256 1.089 1.424 2.906 7.972 293 623 127 1.295 3,498 848 1,132 674 3,770
31 18 55 258 1.50 605 1.404 30 655 5.265 1.023 2,038 1,175 34.523
178.568 137.830 26,907 48,583
Totals..
107 10.227 19,663 25.925 37,901 96,861 5,151 8.197
16,410 84,164 11.721 12.747 5,956 5.496 391,888
On basis of 35 children per teacher numoer of additional teachers needed-Primary, 444; Elementary, 232; high school, 50; general, 96. Total-822-
TABLE NO. 2
Showing percentages of figures recorded in Table No. 1, reading from top to bottom. PER CENT OF TEACHERS WITH FOLLOWING SCHOLASTIC PREPARATION TEACH NO (Total Georgia Counties.)
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S? u o
So
*du
!3 -^
~ <D +-> rf be
.2 P.
>3 +
.2 p. o> 2
H
TOTALS
PART I. IN:
One teacher schools Three teacher schools Four teacher schools Five or more teacher schools
'bo'.oc
50. OC
48.41 38.44 10.32 1.42 1.42
43.90 38.24 8.57 3.94 5.31
34.06 40.04 12.35 5.98 7.28
26.81 16.85 34.28 27.15 14.92 13.09 11.15 9.83 12.55 33.15
9.25 21.39 10.98 14.25 43.93
5.78 3.12 10.85 3.44 8.86 11.17 15.60 20.94 5.75 12.65 10.40 7.80 11.03 4.83 12.65 9.24 7.80 9.16 5.52 8.10 63.53 65.52 47 87 80.44 57.94
6.61 9.91 8.50 9.20 65.84
5.67 1.07 5.67 2 38 8.24 2.22 8.76 2.70 71.59 91.15
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
t2
PART II.
WITH:
Four years experience
-
Five or more years experience
100 -
30.97 19.95 21.32 17.06 21.12 12.14 50.05 3.12 10.10 15.63 13.16 15.58 14.94 10.84 17.09 17.37 14.56 16.241 16.61 14.45 9.24 1.56 11.97 12.82 12.65 13.22 10.30 11.32 13.53 12.21 14.30 12.71 11.59 8.67 12.32 4.68 10.29 10.89 9.36 8.26 11.85 8.15 10.32! 11.25 10.92 12.14 8.92 6.36 8.09 3.12 8.42 9.23 12.14 8.50 9.37 7.78 28.12! 39.39 38.61 41.57 41.93 58.38 20.41 87.36 59.09 51.42 52.88 54.52 53.56 61.68
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
PART III.
Firstyear in present school
50.00 68.71 60.03 61.36 59.29 58.00 52.60 49.29 21.84 49.18 44.16 49.84 45.55 45.84 42.37
First year in present school with two or
more years experience elsewhere
50.00 88.67 49.87 51.07 50.10 41.99 46.05
19.35 41.45 33.67 42.15 35.47 36.30 35.45
Second year in present school
-
Third year in present school
Fourth year in present school
Five or more years in present school
18.87 22.19 20.38 22.71 17.83 19.07 17.71 15.60 21.32 19.18 19.23 22.89 16.48 18.86 5.34 6.88 8.97 8.04 8.85 8.09 10.01 14.04 9.54 10.46 9.61 9.91 9.27 10.47 2.49! 4.64 4.94 4.67 4.75 2.89 5.01 1.57 6.36 6.83 6.58 4.91 10.82 8.3 4.63 6.54 4.16 5.00 10.64 17.34 18.10 46.80 13.46 19.45 14.93 16.76 17.51 19.73
100% 100% 100% 10% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
14.28 19.06 9.12 7.19 50.53 100%
17.58 14.11 11.01 9.41 48.08 100%
51.76 (47.00) 19.54
9.36 5.89 13.64 100%
TABLE NO. 2.--Continued. (Total Georgia Counties.)
PART IV. First year in county First year in county with two or more
years experience elsewhere
Second year in county Third year in county Fourth year incounty Five or more years in county
PAET V.
Primary grades 1-3
---
"Driirmmaarryy
and elementary elementary and
1-7 high
Elementary grades 4-7
Elementary and high 4 .. Elementary and high 4-9
Elementary and high 4-10
Elementary and high 4-11
Eighth only Eighth and ninth
Eighth, ninth and tenth-- -----
Eighth, ninth, tenth and eleventh-
PART VI. PER CENT OF CHILDREN IN:
Primary grades 1-3 Elementary grades 4-7 ... Elementray and high 4-11 High school 8-11
TABLENO^.-3howin8 percentages of figures as recorded in Table No. 1, reading from left to right. An Counties of Georgia.
oa ao
aSa. ,
as
sE&
8= 5a
A 8 A2 Si u
3c
'3 -2 >a-> *t>cSt
S Ood
uS &
S.2 a.
So
8
'3 "5 3-
So
"S3do -*a
3 * ft
fi-ss
5V 3O
oo
pJ. a1 .
10 o a
'1
O08Ofi
h&S \is ^--2^ u o
o (-.5 ft
0o 3 >
PART I.
PEI CENT OP TEACHERS TEACHING IN
One teacher school .. Two reacher schools Three teacher schools Four teacher schools Five or more teacher schools
Totals..
.0-1
7.7 14.5 14.9 18. 28.3
4.6 9.5 13.41 17.83 34.17
2.4 .11
19.85 27.41 2.6 i 5.2
37.2 15.38
71.38 32.8
.06 .5 .9 2.46 15.74
0.9 1.58 3.29
2.83 1.22
0.8 1.23 2.58 2.71 2.65
0.1 .56 .68
3.3 5.06 4.78 6.35 9.97 13.26 5.54 16.17 4.12 33.53
2.00 2.13 4.45 3 3.68
1.4 .46 1.92 1.42 3.74 1.92 5.76 2.23 27.72
.02 2.28 4.73 6.22 9.87 23.93 1.4 2.11 .52 4.33 21.02 3.21 3.44 1.57 15.31
I
PART II.
PERCENT OF TEACHERS WITH:
One year experienceTwo years experience Three years experienceFour years experience Five or more years experience
.15
4.02 2.76 2.80 2.51 1.33
5.35 7.57 9.60 28.76 5.82; 6.45 11.41 28.24 5.24 8.12 11.44 25.25 5.74 7.26 12.79 22.73 3.87 5.02 8.57 20.87
.97 1.44 1.10 .95 1.71
6.00 1.38 2.36 1.81
.09 .08 .22 .17 .95
2.49 18.70 3.69 19.13 4.06 21.27 3.90 20.66 5.34 22.52
2.40 2.88 2.73 4.15 3.53
3.04 3.22 2.58 3.11 3.90
1.34 9.46 1.15 12.33 1.70 11.37 1.55 12.70 1.76 19.72
PART III.
PERCENT OF TEACHERS TEACHING:
First year in present school . First ear in present school with two or
more years experience elsewhere Second year in present school Third year in present school.. Fourth year in present school Five or more yea s in present school
.02 3.03 5.48 7.42 11.36 26.88 1.43 2.01 .22 4.13 17.92 3.09 3.03 1.4 12.58
.02
2.52 2.20 1.30 .9 .77
5.54 7.32 12.24 25.86 5.37 6.49 11.52 21.88 3.47 6.00 8.51 22.67 3.73 5.24 7.87 19.33 2.26, 1.90 3.64 18.71
1.66 1.37 1.22 .69 1.79
1.91 2.25 1.79 2.80
.28 .42 .78 .14 1.79
4.97 17.49 4.74 20.68 4.43 14.85 4.70 24.44 4.29 30.04
3.45 3.16 3.30 3.59 3.51
3.02 4.03 3.65 2.90 4.231
1.42 14.17
1.33 14.85 1.56 17.20
2.90 21.68 2.02 22.23
TOTAL PERCENT
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
TABLE NO. S--Continued.
&i
S,E
aa Sa &E
-Iu&aP.
Ao
bog
45
a
3
3
o
oS5
c
"go
j, O o
.uo-
M.2e
s0 o g-ft
aa..*23 fcft
so
ia
6.2 ov gS
*i O
r a a> o3t
taofol 3o 3
S&E
e
E >oc
>.2
3 *>
U5 ft
a >os .".2
o3h
&
PAET IV. PERCENT OF TEACHERS TEACHING: One year in county One year in county with two or mor years
experience elsewhere Two years in county Three years in county Four yearsin county.Five or more years in county
PART V. PERCENT OF TEACHERS TEACHING:
iS Primary grades, 1-3
I rimary and elementary grades, 1-7
Primary, Elementary and high school-
Elementary grades only, 4-7
Elementary and high school ,4-8
Elementary and highschool,4-9
Elementray and high school, 4-10
Elementary and high school, 4-11
Eighth grade only
-,
Eighth and Ninth grades only..-. ...
Eighth. Ninth Tenth grades
High school, 8-11
PART VI. PERCENT OF CHILDREN TAUGHT IN
Primary grades, 1-3 Elementary grades,4-7 Elementary and high school ,4-11 High school only. 8-11
Totals..
.02 2.73 4.44
10.22 25.02 1.28 2.22 .16 3.73 21.86 2.86 3.76 1.70 14.16
1.43 1.99 2.82 2 1.53
3.49 4.38 10.64 20.97 4.71 7.30 10.00 24.65 4.93 7.39 10.77 25.20 5.90 6.41 0.76 23.39 4.69 5.40 8.65 21.65
1.56 1.51 1.12 1.14 1.69
1.47 1.83 2.07 2.54
.22 .26 .35 .21 1.35
4.87 24.55 4.45 20.63 3.24 19.15 5.90 17.90 5.06 21.99
3.26
3.72 2.74 3.44 3.46
4.33 3.33 3.38 2.38 3.43
2.01 18.47 1.25 14.79 1.76 15.28 1.66 16.04 1.52 16.99
.05
2.28 4.42 7.16 11.27 28.66
7.44 14.51 13.82 19.24 27.16
2.72 4.35 10.87 20.65 36.96
1.12 2.90 4.52 7.59 25.54
1.18 4.06 5.75 10.99 27.24
.73
1.83 5.86 8.05 27.47 15.73 35.95
1.46 1.06 1.09 1.45 1.35 1.47 3.37
1.96 1.06
.54 2.52 1.52 2.93 4.49
4.54
T.14 7.95 21.59 4.54 1.14 2.34 17.97 6.64 5 1.65 .46 2.50
5.12 24.23 3.50 3.74 6.75 1 4 5.98 2.17 5.07 31.89 3.72 4.91 11.50 3 4.76 20.14 4.39 1.12 10.11 8.98 18.18 18.18
"32.i9218
18J8 17.58
7.95 6.64
.06 1.12 11.67 1.45
1.14 3.12 .69 1.12
2.17 6.52 1.78 7.04 1. 20.64 1.46 15.38 2.24 10.11 9.09 36.36 ~2;28 2ZM 5.85 22.85 2.71 75.61
.06 3.30 6.16 8.94 12.24 28.10 1.31 2.20 5.47 6.15 9.35 27.00 1.38 4.30 4.04 5.29 10.80 29.63 1.09 .06 .04 .11 .53 3.09 1.24
.03 2.61 5.01 6.61 9.66 24.70 1.31 2.09
4.47 22.46 3.12 2.57 1.07 4.40
4.70 25.60 4.81 13.00 1.35 10.84
3.10 3.61 3.15 4.21 2.10 4.19
1.60 6.86 2.50 14.01 2.42 71.06
.48 4.18 21.46 2.99 3.25 1.52 41.02
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
ioo%"
100% 100%
100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
GRAPH NO. 6 Showing percentages of teachers with varying degrees of scholarships who teach in the four types of schools.
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95
( I in 1 teacher schools
College Graduates
"
."
2 3
I"4
3 Years College
in 1 teacher schools
"2
in 3
in 4
"
lin 5 or more teacher schools If in 5 or more teacher schools
in 1 teacher schools in 2 "3
I in 5 or more teacher schools
8
in 1 teacher schools
in.
2 teachers 3
schools
4
[ in 5 or more teacher schools
Normal School Graduate
I*
in 1 teacher schools "2
u3
I in 5 or more teacher schools
in 1 teacher schools "2 "3 *
M in 5 or more teacher schools
in 1 teacher schools "2 " 34
! in 5 or more teacher schools
Show 1B8 kir.ds of schools m*hich teachers of ,M?f ",? Slfi3&l unification teach. (Total Number Counties., 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 in 1 teacher schools
in 5 or more teacher schools
in 5 or more teacher schools
in 1 teacher schools
.
.
23
"
in 5 or more teacher schools
8th Qrado
7th Grade
5 or more teacher schools
in 1 teacher schools
"2
84
"
5 or more teacher schools
in 1 teacher schools "2
5 or more teacher schools
in 1 teacher schools
"2
3
4
" 5 or more teacher schools
GRAPH NO. 2.
u*> Sn015lngpercentage of each type of teachers with reference to their length of being used as the base in each case. (Total Number Counties.) Table No. 2. Fart 2.
service,
the
total
number
o0If
tteeaacchneerrss
nf oi
eoch tm each type
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
= 7th Grade completion = 8th = 9th = 10+h
= 11th Grade completion = 1 yr. Junior college = Junior college graduate (2 yrs.) = i yr. normal
: 1 vr. normal
Normal graduates (2 yrs.)
= 1 yr. college
= 2 yrs.
_ 3 yrs.
-- college graduates (4 yrs.)
= 7th Grade
= 8th
= 9th = 10th
11th Grade
= 1 yr. Junior college
= Junior college graduate
= } yr. normal
-- 1 vr. "
HW
_ = Normal graduate (2 yrs.)
= 1 yr. college
= 2 yrs.
= 3 yrs.
= College graduates (4 yrs.)
= 7th Grade
= 8th
= 9th
= lOtb
11th
= 1 yr. Junior college
= Junior college graduate.
ft,
-a
= i vr. norrral -- \ -r. normal
= Normal graduate (2 yrs.)
= 1 sr. college
= 2 yrs.
-- 3 yrs.
= College graduates (4 yrs.)
GRAPH NO. 2.--Continued.
Showing percentages of each type ?f teachers with reference to their length of service, the total number of teachers of each type being used as the bass in each case. (Total Number Counties.)
10 15 20 25 30
35
40
45
= 7th Grade = 8th = 9th = ioni " = 1 _v Zr.JJjun=ioHrthcollege = Junior college graduate (2 yrs.) = 1 yr. normal = l v:rN. noromrmalagl raduates = 1 yr. college = 2 yrs. = 3 yrs. = College graduates
= 7th Grade = 8th = 9th =10th= Uth = 1 yr. Junior college = junior college graduates (2 yrs.) = \ yr. normal = 1 yr. normal
_ = Normal graduate (2 yrs.) = 1 yr. college = 2 yrs. = 3 =yrs.College graduate (4 yrs.)
GRAPH NO. 3.
used as the base tJ^^TM<^J5^^f^1*%^TM refeTM<* to experience, the total number in each case being
College Graduate
10 ^ 15 20 25 30 -- 1 yr. experience
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
1= 2 yrs.
=3 "
=4 "
85 90 95 100
3 Years College
1 yr. experience = 2 yrs. =3 "
I-- 5 yrs. experience
= 5 yrs. experience
2 Years College
1 yr. experience -- 2 yrs. =3 " =4
1-- 5 yrs. experience
1 Year College
Normal Graduates
2 Years
1 Year Normal
JYeaf Normal
1 yr. experience = 2 yrs. =3 ' =4
.-- 1 yr. experience
f= 2 yrs.
"
= a
4
1 yr. experience
-- 2 yrs.
"
5 yrs. experience -5 yrs. experience 1--5 yrs, experience
= 6 yrs. experience
GRAPH NO. 3.--Continued.
base forStnlojawtitnygppe.erc(eTnottaagl- ensuomi. buemr aCnouuin. t.i ,e^3~.)-On,, oa~H4"nu,,oe* rdl --t0 eXDerienCe' ^ t0tal nUmbM m 6aCh CaSebeingUSedaS "
5
10
15
B0
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
TO
75
80
85
90
85
100
" = 1 yr, experience
Years Junior College
=4 = 5 yrs. experience
1 Year Junior College
= 1 yr. experience 1= 2 yrs. .
>3 " =4
M= 5 yrs. experience
11th Qrade Completion
10th Grade Comple-
tion i a
9th Grade vComple-
^ tion |
7th Grade Completion
5 yrs. experience
1 yr. experience
= 2 yrs.
=3 "
=A
|= 5 yrs. experience
= 1 yr. experience = 2 yrs.
' " experience
1 yr. experience
'=
If
32
yrs.
".
=5 '
t= 1 yr. experience = 2 yrs. = 3 yrs. experience = 4 yrs. experience, =5 '
.,,,,. """TMIi1IS ueitoumges 01 eacntype 01 teachers
OEAPH NO. 4.
each unit of experience is used as base In that type. (Total Number Counties.)
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75
= 7th Grade = 8th = 9th
=H10HthH = 11th -- l yr. Junior college
-- Junior college graduate -- i yr. normal -- 1 yr. normal
No. II (Exp. in school)
I -- Normal graduate (2 yrs.) -- 1 yr. college -- 2 yrs. = 3 ."
-- College graduate (4 yrs.)
= 7th Grade = 8th = 9th
10th
--JBOT = Uth
-- 1 yr. Junior college
= i yr. normal
1
y/^normal -- Normal
graduate
(2
yrs.)
-- 1 yr. college
-- 2 yrs. college
: College graduate (4 yrs.) "= 7th Grade = 8th = 9th = 10th mmmi = nth -- 1 yr. Junior college -- Junior college graduate -- i yr. normal
1 yrjjiormal __M -- Normal graduate (2 yrs.) -- 1 yr. college = 2 yrs. =_3 "
-- College graduate (4 yrs.)
0-H.APH No. 4--00111111164
in
eacSh u5hno it1o0w f ex1i5pnerg 2ie0npce2e5isru3cs0eed 3an5s b^a4s0oe Ifn4^ 5th^a50tb.yep55er. ^6(0T^o.6a5l
Number 70 75
Counties.)
= 7th Grade
= 8th
= 9th
_=10th= n"th
= 1 yr. Junior college
= Junior college graduate
= i yr. normal
= 1 yr. normal
= Normal graduate (2 yrs.)
a
= 1 yr. college
a.fci
= 2 yrs. " = 3; College graduate (4 yrs.)
= 7th Grade
as
= 8th = 9th
S
= 10th
--- ;
= nth 1 yr. Junior
college
&o
= Junior college graduate
= i yr. normal
[>,M
p=gH1ByBr. n= ormNaolrmal graduate (2 yrs.)
A
= 1 yr. college
I
o
= 2 yrs. = 3 = College graduate
= 7th Grade
= 8th
= 9th
=
10th " = 11th
= 1 yr. Junior college
= Junior college graduate (2 yrs.)
= i yr. normal
S3
Lyr-aSal Normal graduate (2 yrs.) = 1 yr. college
.sfi
=__. 23 yrs". ""
= College graduate (4 yrs.)
. , The total number of teachers
7th Grade
8th Grade
9th Grade
&
10th Grade
11th Grade
1 Tear Junior College
2 Tears Junior College
,,. ,
GPAPH NO. 5.
75 80 85 90 95 100
_ : 2 yrs. in present school = 3 yrs. " = 4 yrs. "
- 5 or more vrs. In present scnool
-- 1 jr. in present school with 2 or more ITS. experience elsewhere.
1= 1 yr. present school
i present school * yr'in present scho1 with 2 or more * experience elsewhere
= 3 yrs.' "
= 4 yrs.
"
"
5 or more yrs. In present school
= 1 yr. In present school
= * yrs. in present school
W"
= 3 yrs. *
*
= 4 yrs. *
==6 or more vm. In nre^ent school
PreS6nt Sh01 wlth 2 or more yrs' ><* elsewhere
= 1 yr. In present school
^r cc-yr!- s. *in^p;r^esTM en1?t sDcTMhsoeolt school with 2 or more years experience elsewhere
= "
3 4
yrs. yrs.
= 5 yrs.
^H = 1 yr. in present school
:
2
yrs.
in
present
-- 1 yr. school
in present
school
with 2
or
more
years
experience
elsewhere
-- 3 yrs. = 4 yrs.
*
-- 5 or more vrs. In nresen* school
T=^ 1 yr. in present school t^11 yr. In present school with 2 or more years experience elsewhere t = 2 yrs. in present school = 3 yrs. "
= 4 yrs. *
- s nr more rrs. In nresent school
1= 1 vr. present school
-- 2 yrs. In present school with two or more years experience elsewhere = 3 yrs. "
= 4 yrs. "
1 = 5 yrs. *
1 Year Normal 1
2 Years College 3 Years College 4 Years College
20
GRAPH NO. 6-- Continued.
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65
70 75
80 85
90 95
100
,= l1 S SSrSlntlchooiwlth 2 or more years experience elsewhere
-- 2 yrs. in present school
=
3 i
yrs. vrs.
",',,, ^^ 6 or more yrs
m present school
_^rr^reSinntPs?h?olSwrth1 or more years experience elsewhere 2 yrs. in present school : 3yrs. *
5 or more yrs. in present school
^lyr.in^senytrschoPorieSwTthS2tr00more years experience elsewhere
:
2 3
yrs. yrs.
in ;
present
school
i 5 ormore yrs. in present school r^.Tn P?eseStPsrcTono\ wihth2or more years experience elsewhere
^:: i5^3 ryvysrrsss^... np*"" resent
school ,
.,
J^TSTre^en^cSo'oTwrt8!?fo^more years experience elsewhere
p^gyrs^n present school
= 3 yrs. "
=:
4 5
yrs. yrs.
,
-^rarpr1eILfsc5nfo?wiStChh200ormoreyearsexperienceelsewhere
! yrs. in present school
i yrs- I ".
5 or more yrs. in present school
. JfTin preinentrXolwi0th2 or more years experience elsewhere
^j^rs^npresent school
: 3 yrs. I ".
".
'- 5 or more yrs. in present school
"-^^
= 7th Grade
45
M
55
60
65
>.
= <H ".
No. II County Exp.
9>
-^1M 0th
" = 11th
-- 1 ST. Junior college
-- Junior college graduate ^ * yr. normal
1 yr. normal
--_l1 y--r. cNoollremgael graduate i2 yrs.) = 2 yrs. "
j)_yrs. "
-- College graduate (4 yrs.)
7th Grade 8th 9th 10th * t -- 11th 1 yr. Junior college
} yr. normal 112 yyyrrr..sn--.coorlNml"eoagrlemal graduate (2 yrs.) yrs. -- College graduate (4 yrs.)
7th Grade
8th
9th
10th
=
" 11th
1 yr. Junior college
Junior college graduates
i yr. normal
1 yr. -
1 y--r. Ncoolrlmegael graduate (2 yrs.
2 yrs. "
3 yrs. "
College graduate (4 yrs.)
count, the total numher
GRAPH NO. 6-- Continued.
10 15 20 25 30 35
40
45
50
55
60 65
= 7th Grade
a 3o o
= 8th = 9th __1^0th = "Uth
e
s
= 1 yr. Junior college
= Junior college graduate (2 yrs.)
= i yr. normal
=
1 =
yr. Normal
graduate
(2 yrs.)
= 1 yr. college
= 2 yrs.
S3
= 3 yrs. "
H
"= College graduate (4 yrs.)
7th Grade
8th
a
9th
ao o jg
10th " _ = 11th 1 yr. Junior college = Junior college graduate
s
= i yr. normal = 1 yr. normal
( L 3o
= Normal graduate (2 yrs.) = 1 yr. college
2 yrs. " 3 yrs. "
College graduate (4 yrs.)
7th Grade 8th 9th 10th '
= 11th 1 yr. Junior college Junior college graduate i yr. normal 1 yr. normal ' = Normal graduate (2 yrs.) i yr. college 2 yr. 3 yrs. " College graduate (4 yrs.)
GRAPH NO. 7
^SS^^S^^\!^^t^^m^X^^S^l^^otr^m^mM^ the 0Unty f P^sent service. The TABLE NO. PAST 4.
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70
Seventh Orade
. = 1 yr. In county -- 1 yr. in county with 2 or more years experience elsewhere '-- 2 yrs. In county =13 " =4 " " = 5 or more In county
Eighth Orade
^H -- 1 yr. in county -- 1 yr. in county with 2 or more years experience elsewhere = 2 yrs. in county
25
Ninth Orade
Tenth Orade
Eleventh Grade
One Tear Junior College
5 yrs. in county
1 -- 1 yr. in county
1 yr. in county with 2 or more years experience elsewhere
_ -- 2 yrs. in county
-- 3 yrs. in county
=
4 yrs. in county -- 5 or more years
in
county
^M
1 yr. in county
I -- 1 yr. in county with 2 or more years experience elsewhere 2 yrs. in county
=3
=4
= 5 yrs. in county
^1 ~ 1 yr. in county -- 1 yr. in county with 2 or more years experience elsewhere = 2 yrs. " " =3 " " =4 * * = 5 yrs. in county
-- 1 yr. in county = 2 yr; in^county with 2 or more years experience elsewhere =3
=4 = 5 yrs. in county
Ohe-half Year
Normal One Year
Normal Two Years
Normal One Year
College Two Years
College
GRAPH NO. 7--Continued.
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 = 1 yr. in county
= 2 yrs. in county =3 " " = 4 * " -- 5 yeasr
1 yr! IS coZty with 2 or more years experience
= 2 yrs. in county
= *. : :
.. a^^^B = 5 years
fkln & wSPJ or more years experience elsewhere
= 2 yrs. in cou*nty
a
= 5 years
^Rr"in^ountry withTofmore years experience elsewhere
= 2 yrs. in county
=-S : : : = 5 years
HWR11SIS wSl or more years experience elsewhere = 2 yrs. in county
=S : : : = 5 yrs. in county
^^ffn^untyrwi?hC2Uormore years experience elsewhere
= 2 yrs. in county
r=r yr> . .
= 5 yrs. in county
GRAPH NO. 7--Continued.
45 50 55 60 65 70
= 1 yr. in county = 2 y?s-TnCcountvWith * r m0re years eTMeTMTM<> elsewhere = = 43 ~"r " -- 5 yrs. in county
= 1 yr. in county in county C0Unty With 2 or more years experience elsewhere
5 yrs. in county
schooSlhwoiwthintgwnouomr bmeorrseaynedarpserceexnpteargieenscoef..te(4a)ichFeirrsstoiy^ eai ^ In c^ oun: ty. ^ w x ^ msv ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
compared with total number of teachers, lable No. 1 Parts 1. ..*
,,m
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 u > ""
s
3agS55-a
= >.(L.O S^a
^howingdatarecorded in Tabl, No. 1 for a!l Georgia Countil^epTBibb. Chatham, Fulton tMuacogee and Richmond
o
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as %s
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o
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a 9
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t- ft Is 5
TOTALS ACROSS
PART 1. TEACHERS TEACHING IN:
One teacher schools
.
Two teacher schools-. -
Three teacher schools..
Four teacher schools
Five or more teacher schools.
Totals..
PART II. NUMBER TEACHERS WITH:
136 108 29
256 223 50
262 308 95
326 415 180
489 789 375
4
46 136 278
4
56 150 793
15 29 26 24 155
281 583 767 1.207 2,724 152 249
58 81 35 28 11 24
112 135 50 42 11 44
59 114 48 35 15 39
48 131
32
37
15
45
218 1.295 177 221 109 1.100
495 1.756 342 363 161 1.252
1.739 2.312 1.086
848 4,385 10.370
One year's experience Two years' experience Three years' experience Four years experience Five or more years experience.
Totals..
PART III. NUMBER TEACHER" TEACHING:
116 164 208 614 101 112 196 474 71 110 155 332 66 84 148 251 229 297 500 1.053
130 24 32 21 42
54 308 49 62
62 242 44 55
52 215 34 34
43 183 47 32
284
168 180
161
2.001
162
1.563
112
1.224
105
1,036
712
4.546
10.370
One year in present school One year in present school with two or
rnore years experience elsewhere. . Two years in present school Three years in present school. Four years in present school Five or more years in present school...
193 349 472 722 1.657
106 233
514 1,043
53 129 156 273 505
15 40 69
237
7 27 38
123
13 38
202
127 10 255
175
201 580 137 113 112 362 64 92 45 174 31 34 29 104 20 17 54 228 41 45
603
442
3,808
260
2,116
121
921
93
548
175
979
On ba.i of 35 pupita to the teacher, number of additional teacher, needed-Primary, 433; Elementary, 218; High SchSoVlsTG eneral, 93--Total 789.
TABLE NO . 4--Continued.
4 P. a
0
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3
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do*> oo
I * 6
laS
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3
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aa
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08
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aa SaS 0 5) taa
X
PART IV. NUMBER TEACHER TEACHING: One year in county with two or more
Five or more years in county
1 119 194 255 445 1.018 56 97
6 159 765 119 153 65 454
1 1
32 78 91 237 434 46 109 169 229 556 40 70 105 153 342 26 57 62 104 212 50 153 176 2 6 566
35 31 13 10 42
34 25 20 73
4 105 457 6 101 345 5 43 184 2 52 101 17 140 361
70 77 35 29 82
91 74 39 21 76
40 293 25 239 21 147 13 94 3/ 318
3,936
1,968 2,042 1,222
803 2,367
PART V. Primary, elementary and high, all grades Elementary and high tnru 9th grade
High thru 11th grade
2 86 167 270 419 984 140 273 260 362 503 5 8 20 37 68 41 106 165 275 814 7 24 34 65 160 2 5 16 22 71 14 32
41 19 2 47 8 4 3
69 19 1 87 9 8 4
16 175 508 107 92
1 71 118 35 26
9 11
4
2
11 164 816 112 119
5 29 42 19 18
1 13 28 11 13
1
9
8
7
36 112 12 20 4 12 48 122 4 28 4 24 29
1
2
44
128
1
7 19 4 1 6 46 17 13
25 7 38
2 16 7 8 2 21 1 10 45 17 28 15 58 1 17 159 22 49 32 838
3.084 1.859
183 2,927
452 222 89 22
88 256 1.188
PART VI. CHILDREN TAUGHT IN:
High school only, 8-11 Totals.
107 5,902 11,009 15.967 21,714 46.814 1,803 2,864 3.038 7.547 8.479 12.847 33.448 1,689 2,926 1,256 1.908 1.424 2.907 7,868 293 623 31 18 55 258 1,503 605 1.404
107 10.227 19.663 25,925 37.719 89,633 4.390 7.817
501 7.400 26,64 35,063 3,750 1,634 4.239 298 5.768 25.674 3.735 4.000 1,721 6,322 127 1.295 2.337 773 809 449 1,550 30 655 4.743 944 2,038 1.155 20,747 956 5,118 59,397 10,515 10,597 4.959 32,858
155,410 117,492 22,793 34,186 329,881
On basis of 35 pupils per teacher the foilowim num berol add! ;lonal teacllers are needed: Primary 433 Elementary 218 High School 45.
TABLE NO. 5. Showing percentages on figures as recorded in Table No. 4, reading downward.
PERCENT OF TEACHERS WITH FOLLOWING SCHOLASTIC PREPARATION TEACHING.
uu
d
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a *->
is
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PART I. IN:
_ Five or more teacher schools
SO 50
48.42 38.45 10.32 1.42 1.42
43.90 38.24 8.57 3.94 5.31
34.16 40.15 12.39 6.98 7.30
26.93 34.28 14.87 11.23 12.39
18.00 29.04 13.80 10.23 29.18
10.53 23.03 10.53 15.79 40.14
6.03 11.66 10.45 9.65 62.31
5.56 27.80 11.12 13.90 41.70
11.72 22.62 11.92 9.70 44.04
4.60 7.67 6.48 7.44 73.56
10.22 14.60 14.02 9.34 51.68
7.78 11.68 9.73 10.29 61.44
6.83 6.83 9.32 9.32 67.49
1.92 3.52 3.12 3.60 88.00
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
PART II. WITH:
Five or more years expert nee
100
30.97 17.09 13.53 10.32 -28.12
19.95 17.37 12.21 11.35 39.39
21.32 14.56 14.30 10.92 38.61
17.18 16.19 12.80 12.82 4.30
22.60 17.44 12.22 9.24 38.75
13.82 15.13 9.21 6.58 55.27
52.26 9.65 12.86 8.44 16.88
5.56 2.78 8.34 5.56 77.84
10.91 12.52 10.54 8.69 57.37
17.49 13.75 12.21 10.39 45.61
14.31 12.85 9.93 13.72 49.06
17.05 15.13 9.35 8.80 49.50
15.53 11.80 12.42 9.32 50.92
12.88 12.96 8.96 8.40 56.96
PART III. First year in present school First year in present school with two or
more years experience elsewhere Second year in present school Third year in present school Fourth year in present schol Five or more years in present school
50 68.71 60.03 61.36 59.64 60.98 58.56 51.09 27.80 10.91 50.44 54.31 48.13 49.06 48.24
50 50 "
54.63 18.87 5.31 2.49 4.63
49.09 22.19 4.64 6.54
51.08 20.28 4.94 4.16
46.77 22.55 8.09 4.63 4.79
49.43 18.58 8.72 4.53 7.43
51.90 19.08 6.58 2.60 13.09
18.09 9.65 5.23 16.08
23.53 25.02 22.24 2.78 22.24
50.11 12.52 10.50 8.69 57.37
40.04 20.56 9.88 5.91 13.03
46.75 18.69 9.05 5.84 11.97
37.20 25.30 9.35 4.68 12.38
30.70 40.51 16.77 20.80 8.69 9.68 9.95 7.44 15.53 14.00
TOTAL
16.73 22.24 10.45 8.16 42.18 100%
19.25 15.04 11.77 9.97 43.73 55.85 45.ro 20.36 8.86 5.27 9.42
TABLE NO. 5--Continued.
O
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3 3
Hj bC
Ss >>u
I-uJ M
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PART IV.
First year in county
50
First year in county with two or more
years experience elsewhere
Second year in county
Third year in county
Fourth year in county
Five or more years in county
PART V.
Primary grades, 1-3
100
Primary and elementary, 1-7
Primary, elementray and high, 1-11..
Elementary grades, 4-7
Elementary and high, 4-8
Elementary and high, 4-9
Elementray and high, 4-10
Elementray and high, 4-11
Eighth grade only
Eighth and ninth
Eighth, ninth and tenth
Eighth, ninth, tenth and eleventh.
PART VI. PERCENT OF CHILDREN IN:
Primary grades ,1-3
100
Elementary grades, 4-7
Elementary and high, 4-11-
Hlgh school, 8-11
42.36 33.37 33.15 36.76 38.53 36.85 38.99 16.68 32.12 43.45 34.75 42.08 40.37 36.32
16.49 16.70 15.10 20.65 20. 26.72
11.76 23.80 31.56 23.88 30.23 29.41 26.85
16.38 18.70 21.97 18.92 20.46 20.40 13.67 16.68 20.40 91.60 22.48 20.35 15.53 19.12
14.24 12.04 13.65 12.64 12.59 8.55 10.05 13.90 8.69 10.45 10.22 10.73 13.04 11.76
9.26 9.02 8.06 8.59 7. 6.58 8.04 5.56 10.50 5.74 8.74 5.78 8.07 7.52
17.80 26.32 22.88 22.80 20.83 27.64 29.35 47.26 28.28 20.50 23.94 20.90 22.98 25.44
30.62 28.72 35.10 34.61 36.21 26.98 27.74 44.48 35.35 28.85 31.24 25.30 22.36 8.96
49.84 46.96 33.80 29.90 18.51 12.50 7.64 2.78 14.34 6.70 10.22 7.15 7.45 1.60
1.78 1. 2.60 3.06 2.50 1.32 .40
1.82 .66 1.17 .55 2.48 .96
14.60 18.23 21.45 22.72 29.96 30.92 34.97 30!58 33.13 46.35 32.70 32.73 29.81 9.76
2.49 4.13 4.42 5.37 5. 5.26 3.62 13.90 5
2.39 5.55 4.95 2.48 2.24
.71
2.00 1.1 2.61 2.63 3.22 2.78 2.63 1.59 3.21 3.58 2.48 1.92
1.16 1.18 1.97 1.61
.20 .51 2.34 1.93 1.24 .72
.07
.81 .23
.28 1.24 .64
.70 2.63 .40
.40 .91 2.04 2.20 1.24 1.
1.69 11.19 5.23 2.78 2.02 2.56 4.96 7.70 9.32 4.64
.92 4.61 15.29 2.78 3.43 9.03 6.42 13.48 19.87 67.04
57.84 55.93 61.53 57.54 52.43 41.11 36.66 52.61 48.99 44.76 4S.20 35.36 33.0! 12.89 29.77 38.34 32.71 34.07 37.46 38.51 37.45 31.29 38.18 43.13 35.56 37.72 34.76 19.22 12.31 5.53 5 50 7.69 8.81 6.68 7.97 13.34 8.57 3.93 7.36 7.63 9.07 4.71 30.00 .09 .21 .68 1.68 13.79 17.97 3.15 4.34 7.97 8.99 19.22 23.33 63.07
37.86 23,52 19.64 11.76 7.72 22.77
29.67 17.88 1.76 28.16 4.35 2.14
.86 .21 .85 2.46 11.43
46.79 35.30 6.91 10.36
,,..
.,.
TABLE NO. 6.
Showing: percentages of figures as recorded in Table No. 4. reading from left to right.
FART I. PERCENT OF TEACHERS
TEACHINO: One teacher schools Two teacher schools Three teacher schools Four teacher schools
&,u Five or more teacher schools
Totals PART II.
PERCENT OF TEACHERS WITH: One year experience... Two years' experience. Three years' experience Five or more years' experience
PART III. PERCENT OF TEACHERS
TEACHING:
First year in present school with two or more years experience elsewhere.
Second year in present school Third year in present school. Fourth year In present school Five or more years in present school
ao
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oraO
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TOTAL PERCENTS
.04 .09
7.82 14.72 15.06 18.74 28.11
4.68 2.66
9.66 13.33 17.97 34.16 4.59 8.71 16.51 34.39
.12 .02
2.71 .71
5.43 16.05 32.80 1.28 3.42 18.08
.92 1.52 1.47 2.83 1.39
.87 1.26 2.38 2.83 3.53
.02 2.70 5.61 7.37 11.60 26.18 1.46 2.39
.12 3.34 4.64 2.01 1.61 .63 1.38 .43 4.85 5.85 2.17 1.82 .48 1.91 .37 5.41 10.45 4.40 3.21 1.38 3.58 .59 5.66 15.46 3.78 4.37 1.77 5.31 .34 4.97 29.53 4.04 5.04 2.49 25.08 .35 4.76 16.88 3.29 3.45 1.55 12.03
100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
100%
.16
4.35 3.08 3.12
5.80 6.47 5.82
8.20 10.40 30.70 7.18 12.56 30.38 9.02 12.71 27.22
1.05 1.47 1.15
6.50 1.54 2.62
2.78 6.35 8.08 14.24 24.15 .96 2.02
1.74 5.04 6.53 11.00 23.17 1.85 .92
.10 2.70 15.40 2.45 3.10 1.25 8.05 .06 3.97 15.51 2.82 3.53 1.22 10.38 .25 4.26 17.63 2.79 2.79 1.64 9.18 .19 4.13 17.60 4.52 3.08 1.44 10.10 .62 6.25 17.78 3.70 3.96 1.80 15.66
100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
.17 3.32 6.00 8.12 12.42 28.50 1.53 2.18
.03
2.78 2.50
6.10 6.09
8.07 13.42 27.33 7.36 12.89 23.84
1.78 1.37
"i'.ii
1.64 4.36 7.52 10.68 25.83 1.09 2.62
1.27 4.91 6.92 10.19 23.39 .73 2.37
1.33 3.88 3.26 5.92 20.60 2.04 4.08
.17 4.39 15.26 3.20 3.01 1.36 10.37 .21 5.27 15.20 3.59 2.96 1.41 11.58 .43 5.29 17.09 3.02 4 34 1.27 12.27 .87 4.91 18.97 3.38 3.71 1.53 13.19 .18 5.28 18.93 3.64 3.09 2.91 16.93 .82 6.32 23.26 4.18 4.59 2.55 17.85
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
bg 8 s
0p
<aeJSft
a
TABLE NO. 6--Continued.
<a ft 2*aa
St a A o
SB 5 $
o a> S5p,
s=2a.|=- sa
0,0 o goCs "a
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f a a.2
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oO of.i2a.
22 TOTAL PERCENTS
SB a*2 ho 9 bo
j 2 *>
S. ft
o
PART IV. PERCENT OF TEACHERS
TEACHING:
One year in county
-
--
One year in county with two or more years
experience elsewhere
Two years in county
Three years in county..
Four years in county
Five or more years in county
PART V. PERCENT OF TEACHERS TEACHING:
Primary grades, 1-3
--
Primary and elementary, 1-7
Primary, elementary and high school Elementary grades, 4-7
--
Elementary and high school, 4-8-
Elementary and high school, 4-9-- ...
Elementary and high school, 4-10
Elementary and high school, 4-11
Eighth grade only Eighth and ninth
Eighth, ninth and tenth
--
Eighth,ninth,tenth and eleventh..-
PART VI. PERCENT OF CHILDREN TAUGHT IN: Primary grades, 1-3 Elementary grades, 4-7 Elementary and high school ,4-11High school, 8-11
Totals
.03 3.02 4.93 6.48 11.30 26.62 1.42 2.46
1.63 2.25 3.28 3.25
3.96 5.34 5.74 7.13
4 12.04 22.05 8.28 11.22 27.24 8.61 12.55 28.04 7.75 13.00 26.50
1.78 1.52 1.67 1.07 2.05 1.25 2.50
2.11
7.43 11.63 23.89 1.77 3
4.04 19.43 3.02 3.89 1.65 11.53
5.33 28.21 4.95 16.91 3.53 15.' 6.50 12.63
3.56 3.77 2.87 3.63
5.91 15.23 3.46
4.62 3.63 3.20 2.63 3.21
2.03 14.88 1.23 11.71 1.72 12.05 1.63 11.75 1.56 13.42
.07
2.80 5.43 8.78 13.62 31.98
7.53 14.69 13.99 19.48 27.06
2.73 4.37 10.92 20.20 37.13
1.40 3.61 5.62 9.38 27.76
1.55 5.30 7.51 14.37 35.36
.90 2.25 7.20 9.90 31.95
15.68 35.84
4.54
9.08
1.33 2.24 1.02 1.02 1.09 .55 1.60 2.97 1.77 1.99 1.80 3.60 3.36 4.48
.52 5.69 16.51 .05 3.82 6.35
4.91 6.10 "38 5.59 27.83 1.11 6.41 8.28 .45 5.85 12.60
1.12 10.08 18.16 18.16
3.48 1. 2.18 3.82 4.20 4.95 8.96
2.99 1.40 1.09 4.06 3.98 5.85 7.84 4.54
1.17 3.64 .65 1.1 2.18 6.55 1.64 4.16 .88 6.19 1.80 10.80 2.24 10.08 9.08 36.32
"\.iz 7.91 2M7 4.53 1.13 2.35 17.99 6.65 5.08 2.10 .59 3.19
~2!26 isios .39 3.91 17.60
1.43 13.36
7.91 "9164 6.65 10.95 1.85 4.02
^26 23^73 5.87 22.68 2.69 70.39
3.81 2.60 5.51
7.10 10.30 14.01 30.20 6.45 7.25 10.98 28.60 4.78 6.25 12.73 34.54
.16 .75 4.39
1.16 1.44 1.29 1.77
1.85 2.50 2.73 4.10
.03 3.10 5.96 7.86 11.43 27.19 1.33 2.37
4.77 17.18 4.93 21.9i 5.69 10.26 1.91 13.85
3.27 3.19 3.39 2.76
2.42 3.42 3.55 5.95
1.05 2.73 1.47 5.41 1.97 6.80 3.37 60.58
.29 4.58 18.00 3.19 3.21 1.50 9.96
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 'io6%~ 100% 100%
100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
^^^^^^^^^O^^^^^X^ Mu.coge, and Richmond.
ma oJS
(0
96
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r
9 1a
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80s
2 0
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ri to
"3
5 to*
PART I. TEACHERS TEACHING IN: One teacher schools-
Totals.
PART II. NUMBER TEACHERS WITH: years' experience
~~.
PART m.
NUMBER TEACHERS TEACHING:
One year In present school.
more years'experience elsewhere.
1(
3 12 2 11
21
3 185
2 3 1 15
I 10
1 27
8
14
11 1 12 38 789
2 52
1 2 58
1
1
1
3
2
6
30 623
9 228
834 54 61 33 634
9
2 16
2
10
1
97
3
4
4 44
2 90 3 67
6 3
1 1
1 52 3 42
7 181
17
11
28
2 56 32 524
1 41
4 51
3 42 22 454
1 54
2
1 45
2
4 21
4
24
4
1 17
1
3 112 10
1
4
8 253 11 18 10 198
1 1 2
4 1 1
8 156
8 14
2 135 12
5
6 97
7
8
7
22
H5 73 276
6 18
4 27
6 154 5 97 4 77
64 9 198
TOTALS ACROSS
18 32 36 26 1.830 1.952
161 172 130 121 1.368
560 399 287 230 176 699
TABLE NO. 7.--Continued.
a
8.2
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a Sosi z
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TOTAL ACROSS
PART IV. NUMBER TEACHERS TEACHING: One year In county One year In county with two or more. years' experience elsewhere Two years in county Three years in county Four years in county Five or more years in county
44
189
35
14
129
16
14
72
140
10 27
356
164
429
120
03
270
70
198
61
162
236
893
PART V.
NUMBER TEACHERS TEACHING:
Primary grades (1-3), only
..
Primary and elementary grades
Primary, elementary and high school--all
the grades
Elementary grades, only. 4-7
Elementary and high thru 8th grade...
Elementary and high thru 9th grade.. .
Elementary and high thru 10th ade--
Elementary and high thru 11th grade..
Teaching high 8th only
High thru 9th grade
High thru 10th grade...
High thru 11th grade
97
18 406 25
22
1
118
21 348
135
722
1
26
94
139
4
27
18
51
18
309
329
PART VI. CHILDREN TAUGHT IN: Primary. 1-3 grades Elementary. 4-7 grades Elementary and high together-- High School only, 8-11
140 3.362 542 214 234 587 13.468 510 847 272 2,982
36 3.762 219 166 705 705 9,616 542 980 480 3.127
104
1,161 75 323 225 2,220
522 79
20 13,776
23.158 20,338 4,114 14,397
Totals..
1821 7.228 761
1.292 24,767 1,206 2.150 997 22.105
62,007
On basis of 35 children per teacher, additional number teachers needed--Primary, 11; Elementary, 1*; High School, 5; General, 3--Total 33.
TABLE NO. 8.
Showing percentages of figures recorded in Table No. 7. reading from top downward.
ss a
.2
do
'
.fl V *a*
IB
CO
1
a ..2
-I
60S X3I uo
fl
is S-sg lfl a2s
3$ o a S2
s=a . P. 5.2
o 0 .23
.f2l a5 .f2l
S5ft
U
o
o
u0u o0f.2l.
oS
COS
.2
OS M
S3 a S E
oS ho as ttf a>
SS
M
u
TOTAL PERCENT.
PART I. PERCENT OF TEACHERS
TEACHING IN:
Two teacher schools Four teacher schools
Totals
-.
5.6 44.4
44.4
5.6
9.36 37.44 6.24
43.68
3.12
5.56 30.58 8.34 2.78 2.78
30.58 5.56 2.78 2.78 8.34
33.36 2.78
2.08 33.36
5.56 5.56 16.68
.16 10.10 .82 .55 1.47 S.07 43.08 2.84 3.17 1.64 34.02
.46 11.70 1.08 .56 1.44 2.00 42.78 2.77 3.13 1.69 32.52
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
PART II. PERCENT OF TEACHERS WITH:
5.59 1.16 7.30 1.16
7.69 .77 9.91 .83 .51 13.21 1.24
60.24 1.86 2.48 2.48 27.32 1.16 52.29 3.49 .58 .58 30.21 2.31 51.52 2.31 .77 2.31 32.30 1.65 46.26 .83 3.30 2.48 34.69 .80 2.04 2.34 38.25 2.99 3.22 1.61 33.14
100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
PART III. PERCENT TEACHERS TEACHING: One year in present school with two or
.18 9.67 .36 .18 .72 1.43 45.29 1.97 3.22 1.79 35.44
.25 11.25 .50 .25 1.00 2.00 39.00 2.00 3.50 1.50 38.50
1.39 7.31 1.39 .35 .35 .70 46.98 4.18 1.74 1.74 33.76
10.48 1.74 .87 .43 2.60 42.10 3.04 3.47 1.74 33.42
.57 9.66 .57
2.84 41.46 3.41 2.27 2.84
.43 16.02 1.43 1.00 3.15 2.57 39.47 2.57 3.72 1.29
100% 100% 100% 100%
TABLE NO 8--Continued.
ao a0
0
O.S
58
to
O'S
S& ei P,
!
00
*@M<>
a
.2
bog
a
0
tHbofat
AO
2 a2 s
3
fi ,3- 3 5
5a
.c2
g
a
a
.2
O-; S0i^- *>
b,
O--' O ft
Soft
s u 0 S2-,"2a
--O 091
3
O u
00
uoSos (- .*2>
bo
<3 bo
*- ft
-? I*X ft
N
o3 <d in
a0C
.2
(- *j
0 2
lCb-0"f^t
0
TOTAL PERCENT
PART nr.
PERCENT TEACHERS TEACHING:
One year in county with two or moreyears
Two years in county Three years in county-- Four years in county
PART V. g PERCENT TEACHERS TEACHING:
.23 10.25
.23 .93 44.04 1.40 2.56 2.10 38.21
.37 .74
"""67
13.06 5.18 8.08 8.64 15.68
1.48
1.52 .51
.62 1.46
"Y.a
.37 "3^02
1.49 34.32 .74 47.73
1.52 44.44 3.09 44.42 2.80 39.87
1.12 3.33 2.02 2.47 3.47
2.61 1.11 4.55 1.23
4.03
1.87 44.76
1.48 38.11 2.02 35.35 1.85 37.64 1.46 26.43
100%
100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
.87 14.07 36.32
2.03 4.54
.73 4.54
1.02
2.61 58.87 40.86
3.63
3.77 4.54
1.02 11.17 4.54 4.54
.28 16.28 .72
7.84
.83
.69 2.90 2.90 48.02 3.31 3.45 2.35 18.63
18.69 2.88 5.03 5.03 67.59
52.92 1.96 1.96
35.28
100% 100%
100% 100% 100%
PART VI. PERCENT CHILDREN TAUGHT IN:
.60 14.49 2.34 .18 18.55 1.08 .15 2.53
.28 11.64 1.22
.92 1.01 2.53 58. Of 2.1! 3.65 1.17 12.85
.82 3.41 3.41 47.4 2.6r 4.83 2.37 15.42
28.1( 1.85 7.85 5.4' 53.95
3.6! .5!
.o- 95.61
.6C 1.5ll 2.09 39.86 1.9' 3.46 1.61135.55I
100% 101% 00% 100%
100%
TABLE NO. 9. Showing percentages of figures recorded in Table No. 7, reading from left to right.
PERCENT OF TEACHERS WITH FOLLOWING SCHOLASTIC PREPARATION TEACHING:
a
SSOo
PART I. IN:
One teacher schools Two teacher schools Three teacher schools Four teacher schools c; Five or more teacher schools
PART II. WITH:
One year's experience Two year's experience Three year's experience Four year's experience Five or more year's experience
PART III. First year in present school First year in present school with two or
more year's experience elsewhere Third year in present school Fourth year in present school- -Five or more years in present school
da
fee Us
SO
a
So
si
AS
So
AS
So
1 *u I "Si
>0 o MO
2 9 8 ko.-<.-r0j 3.1 !BiI
"3
aot.
S*5*
--o2.s 9oa
M C3 f
, 0 -Ooi 'C0o o-oi
Is ft
.5
b ft
oC
.S
lit III lM o
i 5M ON
.-. o 4> m t:
(>>* 0
>>- o
>.- o
HO
<o O
TOTALS PERCENT
11.1 33.3 22.2C 33.3
3.51 5.27 4.83 5.27 81.22
9.52 14.28 9.09 4.76 71.40 "iKhilO
3.57 86^39
2.56 97.28
.96 1.68 1.32 "SUO 1.44 94.68 96.30
"3i03 3.28 fi.06 95.12 90.90
.16 .16 .47 .95 98.43
.92 1.64 1.85 1.85 93.88
3.95 22.20 7.01 9.52
4.39 4.76 6.27 4.76 77.70 79.46 80.92 100 100
11.64 5.55 6.56 12.12 6.95
5.20 10.80 11.10 7.68 8.04 5.55 5.20 6.72 1.85
1.64 1.64 6.56
3.03 9.09 9.09
8.22 6.64 6.64
81.92 62.88 75.85 83.64 66.66 71.73
11.10 23.71 .952 9.09 14.28 20.48 30.36 20.35 29.52 30.30 31.28
1
1 ""
11.11 20.52 44,40 9.22
10.54 11.10 7.46 33.30
9.52 19.04 19,04 4.76 47.60
9.09 9.09 18.18
14.28 3.57 3.57
20.51 5.12 15.36 12.80 46.08
21.03 16.20 11.64 8.76 33.12
15.67 22.20 12.95 11.10 33.30
24.56 8.20 13.12 6.56 42.64
20.69 15.15 12.12 15.15 27.27
26.10 15.33 12.17 10.11 31.28
8.26 8.82 6.67 6.21 70.18
28.73 22.28 14.72 11.80 9.03 35.86
TBLE NO. 9.--Continued.
PART IV
First year in county First year in county with two or more
years experience elsewhereSecond year in county Third year in county Fourth year in county Five ormore years in county
PART V
Primary grades, 1-3 Primary and elementary, 1-7. ------Primary, elementary and high, l-llElementary grades,4-7 Elementary and high, 4-8 Elementary and high, 4-9 Elementary and high, 4-10 Elementary and high ,4-11-- Eighth grade only Eighth and ninth Eighth, ninth and tenth --- -- - - -Eighth, ninth, tenth and eleventh
PART VI. ,, __ PERCENT OF CHILDREN IN
Primary grades, 1-3.
Elementary Elementary
garnaadehsi,g4h-7, -4---i*--,~-
High School, 8-11
TABLE NO 10
quaIllSfflo?TMlS^deBTf oSSfta.0''^ ChUdren taUgM by teaCherS f TM^n "degrees of professional
Number children
Percent of total No. teachers. Percent of total
Qualification
10,227 19,663 25,925 37,901
2.61 5.01 6.61 9.66
taught by
2 or
.02 with 6th Grade completion.
281
2.28
7th
583
4.73
8th
767
6.22
9th
1,216
9.87
10th
Total
93,823
23.92
2,849
23.12 high school under-graduates (6-10)
96,861
24.70
2,952
23.93 with 11th Grade completion.
Total 190,684
48.62
5,801
47.05 high school graduates and undergraduates.
5,151 8,197 .1,895 16,410 11,721 12,747 5,956
1.31 2.09
.48 4.18 2.99 3.25 1.52
173
1.04 with 1 yr. Junior College completion.
260
2.65 " Junior College completion.
64
52 " \ yr. Normal School completion.
534
4-33 " 1 yr Normal School completion.
396
3-21
" 1 yr. College completion.
424
3.44 " 2 yrs. College completion.
194
1-57 " 3 yrs. College completion.
Total
62,077
15.82
2,045
17.12 College under graduates.
Total 252,761
64.44
7,846
64.17 (High School graduates and undergrad\ uates and College under graduates.
84,164 54,963
21.46 14.02
2,590 1,886
21.02 with Normal School completion. 15.31 " College
Total
Grand Total
139,127 391,888
35.48 100.00
4,476 12,322
36.33 Normal School and College graduates. 100.00
TABLE NO. 11
fessional
Showing number and percentage of all ,*ildren taught byXS^nd RiSni ^
qualification for all
No. children 107
10,227 19,663 25,925 37,719
countiePs315.e711o..r..90084fc6363eGnteatouorgfg"htiaot.teaxlbcy"epNt oB. it.b2527e8806ba13277cChheoa""""rrtsham15271P......67306eF10720rcuteletnoatncoh, feMrtso^twa^ligt~h
6th
7th 8th 9th 10th
Q QuuaaU liffication Grade completion.
Total
93,641
28.38
2,840 " 27.30 high school undre graduates (6-10)
89,633
27.19
2,724
26.18 teachers with 11th Grade completion.
Total 183,274 " 55.57
5,564
53.48 high school under graduates and high school graduates.
Total Total
4,390 7,817
956 15,118 10,515 10,597 4,959
54,352
237,626
" 1-33
" 2.37
"
.29
" 4.58
" 3.19
" 3.21
" 1.50
16.47
72.04
a
152
a
249
a
36
a
495
a
342
u
363
l(
lfil
1.46 teachers with 1 yr. Junior college completion
039
" Junior college completion^ yrs.)
'35
o
" i yr. normal school completion.
4'76
o
i yr. normal school completion.
3'29
"
3'45
"
"l yr. college completion. " 2 yrs. college completion.
1'55
"
" 3 yrs. college completion.
1,798
17.25 college undergraduates.
n Qfi2 70 73 high school under graduates, high school
''
graduates and college under graduates.
Grand Total
59,397 32,858
92,255
329,881
18.00 9.96
27.96
100.00
1,756 1,252
3,008 103,70
16 88 teachers with normal school completion (2 yrs.)
12.o3
"
" college completion (4 yrs.)
28.91 normal school and college graduates. 10J.0J
TABLE NO. 12.
nq1u1QanliffiiSc^at^ ionn?fonrutJh?ebecroaunndtiepserocfeBntibabg,e Cohfatahllamch, iFldurletonn,taMugushctogbeye taenadchReircshmofonvdarying daeeggrreeess oorf pprrooffeessssiioonnaall
Total
No. children Percent of total
182 or 7,228 "
.28 11.64
taught "
7,410
11.92
Total Total
761 380 939 1,292 1,206 2,150 997
7,725
15,135
1.22 .60
1.51 2.09 1.94 3.46 1.61
12.43
23.95
24,767 22,105
Total
46,872
Grand Total 62,007
39.86 35.55
75.41
100.00
No. teachers Percent of total
Qualification
or
.18 with 10th Grade completion
228
11.70
" 11th grade completion
237
11.88 high school under graduates and high
school graduates.
21 11
1.08 with 1 yr. Junior college completion.
.56
" Junior college completion.
28
1.44
" \ yr. normal school completion.
39
2.00
" 1 yr. normal school completion.
54
2.77
" 1 yr. college completion.
61
3.13
" 2 yrs. college completion.
33
1.69
" 3 yrs. college completion.
247
12.67 college undergraduates.
484
24.55 high school undergraduates, high school
graduates and college undergraduates
834
42.78 with normal school completion (2 yrs.)
634
32.52 with college completion (4 yrs.)
1468
75.30 normal school and college graduates
1,952
100.00
TABLE NO. 13.
Showing comparison of total numbers and percentages of children taught by teachers of varying degrees of professional qualification in all counties of Georgia ; in all counties except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee ana
Richmond; and in Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee, and Richmond only.
No. children 93,823 or 93,641
182
Percent 23.92
children
28.38
.28
taught "
"
No. teachers. Percent
Qualification
by 2,849 or 23.12 high school undergraduates in all counties
of Georgia.
" 2 840 " 27.30 high school undergraduates in all counties
except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee
and Richmond.
"
9"
.18 High school undergraduates in Bibb, Chat-
ham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond.
96,861 89,633
7,228
24.70 27.19
11.64
2,952 2,724
228
23.93 high school graduates in all counties 26.18 high school graduates in all counties except
Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond. 11.70 high school graduates in Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond.
190,684 183,274
7,410
48.62 55.57
11.92
5,801 " 47.05 high school graduates and under graduates in all counties.
5,564 " 53.48 high school graduates and undergraduates in all counties except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond.
237 " 11.88 high school graduates and undergraduates in Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and
Richmond.
62,077 54,352
7,725
15.82 " 16.47
12.43
2,045 1,798
247
17,12 17.25
12.67
college undergraduates in all counties. college undergraduates in all counties ex-
cept Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond. college undergraduates in Bibb, Chatham,
Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond.
TABLE 13--Continued.
Showing comparison of total numbers and percentages of children taught by teachers of varying degrees of professional qualm cation in all counties of Georgia; in all counties except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond; and in Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee, and Richmond only
No. children Percent
No. teachers Percent
Qualification
252,761
64.44 children taught by 7,846
64.17 H. S. undergraduates, H. S. graduates, col-
237,626
" 72.04
7,362
lege graduates in all counties. 70.73 H. S. undergraduates, H. S. graduates, col-
lege undergraduates in all counties ex-
cept Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee
15,135
23.95
and Richmond.
484
24.55 H. S. undergraduates, H. S. graduates in
Bibb, Chatham, Fulton , Muscogee and
Richmond
139,127 92,255
46,872
35.48 27.96
75.41
4,476 " 3,008
1,468
36.33 28.91
75.30
Normal school and college graduates in all counties.
Normal school and college graduates in all counties except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond.
Normal school and college graduates in Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond.
immiiuin
PR.APH NO 9
=]Cn,h,._iie,l,d3Jr;e<ni,-- tauagiivhe,*titib,y.,Bihiiii^ugvhu, ..sv^cuhhnaono.uil TMnunn.rd,.te-- errge*ra--du. ates
-- iinn DDiivviissiioonn
"11 "
[ill me =High school undergraduates who teach them
lllllltlllll[IIIIIIIIIIIII[]IIIIIIHIIII[ = "g
",
"
",,
m^^^^^m^amm < 'hi ldren taught by high school graduates in Division "1"
BISKS
school graduates who teach them
^^BHBBMHMHB ~';:l:;i |||; Division
iiiiiiiiiiiuciiiiii ta n ii u
M^HS
"3"
"""'"
""
^Children taught by high school graduates and undergraduates f or "1"
iiiiiu inm IIIHIIIII niiiiiiwiiiriiiiiiiiiiiin imm =High school undergraduates who teach them
=Same for Division "2"
iiiiiiiiiiiiKiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiMiiiiiuminiiiiiin mini iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinii
"3"
JJ IIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIII! 00
=Children taught by college undergraduates in Division 1
illlllimmuimilliiiiil iil[=Oollege undergraduates' who teach them.
^^gOHi
Same, for Division "2"
IIIIIOIimilllilHIIIIIIIIIIIIE
llJILmga--i^HHMa^^nBHMB^V-Children taught by high school undergraduates, graduates and college under-
,,,, Z Z u ., n u -
=High ^gSa^^^u^^c^WundMrodu,tMwlu,t,ihtlMm.
^^^_^nB-^^H^HM^HMHH^HHI^Hii^31116 ^0r Division
"3"
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiint
=Children taught by normal school and college graduates in Division "1"
SHEniSmiM tiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiHiHit -Normal school and college graduates who teach them. ^H^BflHmBHHi --'Same for Division "2"
iniii imiminnrutiiniiiinunmimimin=
55nrS
=Same for Division "3"
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75
TABLE NO. 14. Showing number and percentage of all children in Primary Grades (1-3) taught by teachers of varying degrees of professional qualification for all counties of Georgia.
No. children
107 5,902 11,009 15,967 21,854
Percent of Total
or "
.06 3.03
taugs ht
" 6.16
"
" 8.84
"
" 12.24
"
Qualification
by teachers with 6th Grade completion.
'
*
" 7th "
"
"
"
" 8th "
"
"
"
" 9th "
"
"
" 10th "
"
Total
54,839 " 30.07
"
" high school under graduates (6th to 10th grades.)
50,176 " 28.10
"
" teachers with 11th grade completion.
Total
105,015 " 58.80
" high school under graduates and high school graduates.
Total
2,345 3,078
735 7,987 5,573 4,597 1,906
26,221
1.81 " 1.72
.41 4.47 " 3.12 " 2.57 " 1.07
" 14.67
" teacheis with 1 yr. Junior college completion.
"
"
" Junior college completion.
" A yr normal school completion.
"
"
"
" 1 yr. normal school completion.
"
"
"
" 1 yr. college completion.
"
"
"
" 2 yrs. college completion.
"
3 yrs. college completion.
"
" college undergraduates.
Total
131,236 " 73.47
"
high school undergraduates, high school graduates and col-
lege undergraduates.
40,111 7,221
" 22.46 4.04
" teachers with normal school completion (2 yrs.)
"
"
"
" college completion (4 yrs.)
Total
47,332 " 26.50
"
" normal school and college giaduates.
Giand Total 178,568 " 100.00
TABLE NO. 16.
_^
._ .
Showing number and percentage of all children in Primary Grades (1-3) taught by teachers or
varying de^refs o? professonal qualfication for all counties of Georgia except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Musconee,
and Richmond.
No. children 107
5,902 11,009 15,967 21,714
Percent of total
.07 3.81 7.10 10.30 14.01
Primary children taught by teachers with 6th Grade completion.
u
3 ..
7th "
"
8th "
"
u
a gth "
"
" loth "
"
Total
54,699
35.29
" high school undergraduates.
46,814
30.20
"
"
" teachers of 11th grade completion.
Total
101,513
65.49
" high school undergraduates and high school graduates.
Total Total
1,803 2,864
501 7,400 5,063 3,750 1,634
23,015
124,528
1.16 1.85
.32 4.77 3.27 2.42 1.05
14.84
80.33
" teachers with 1 yr. Junior college completion.
"
"
" Junior college completion.
"
"
" J yr. normal School completion.
"
"
"1 yr. normal school completion.
"
"
"1 yr. college completion.
"
"2 yrs. college completion.
"
"
" 3 yrs. college completion.
" college under graduates.
" high school under graduates, high school graduates and college under graduates.
26,643 4.239
Total
30,882
Grand Total 155,410
17.18 2.73
19.91 100.00
" teachers with normal school completion (2 yrs.)
"
"
" college completion (4 yrs.)
" Normal school and College graduates.
TABLE NO. 16. Showing number and percentage of all children in Primary Grades (1-3) taught by teachers of varying degrees of professional qualification for the counties of Bibb, Chatham, Muscogee and Richmond.
Number of children Percent of Total
140 or
.60 Primary children taught by teachers with 10th Grade completion.
3,362 " 14.49
"
"
""
"
" 11th "
"
Total
3,502
42 214 234 87 510 847 272
15.09
" 2.34
a
.92
u
1.01
a
2.53
a
2.19
a
3.65
a
1.17
high school under graduates and high school graduates.
teachers with 1 yr Junior college completion.
"
" Junior college completion.
"
" i yr. normal school completion.
"
' 1 yr. normal school completion.
"
" 1 yr. college completion.
"
" 2 yrs. college completion.
"
" 3 yrs. college completion.
Total _
3,206
]3.81
college under graduates.
Total
6,708
28.90
high school undergraduates, high school graduates and college graduates.
13,468 2,982
58.05 12.85
with normal school completion, with college completion.
Total
16,450
70.90
normal school and college graduates.
Grand Total 23,158
100.00
Showing comparison of ^^^5 ^^^l Musc^]
varying degrees of qualification.
No. children
54,839 54,699
140
50,176 46,814 33,62
105,015 101,513
3,052
Percent
"SOT*Primary children.taught by high school under graduates in Division "1"
35.29 .60
I !'<
" " "3"
28.10 30.20 14.49
high school graduates
in Division ,".21,," " "3"
58.80 65.49 15.09
high school under graduatesand graduates in Divisional"
,<
ii
" "3"
26,221 23,015 3,206
14.67 14.84 13.81
131,236
a 73.47
124,528
a 80.33
ii
6,708
u 28.90
8
47,332 30,882 16.450
26.50 u 19.91
70.90
11 11
"
college undergraduates in Division "1"
,i
u
"
"
'3"
high shcool under graduates , graduates and college under-
graduates in DMsion '1"
,,,,.,,
high school under graduates, graduates and college under-
graduates in Division "2"
,,,,,,,
high school under graduates, graduates and college under-
graduates in Division "3"
normal school and college graduates in Division "V
U
It
"
"
d
u
ii
ii
"
"
"
"3"
GRAPH NO. 10.
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80
.ivisS^^
-Primary children taught by high school undergraduates in 'T "2" "V
I--BPrim'ary
children taught by high school .....
graduates
in
"1" ,,2,,
="
"
....
.
..3,,
-Those taught by high school graduates and undergraduates in "1"
.- .
.
.
.
...3,,
Primary children taught by college undergraduates in "l"
--Primary children taught by high school undergraduates, graduates and college under graduates in "1"
i=Primary children taught by high school under graduates graduates and college under graduates in "2"
=Primary children taught by high school under graduates, graduates and college under graduates in "3"
^^=Primary children taught by normal school and college graduates in "1"
'
2"
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80
TABLE NO. 18 Showing number and percentage of all children in Elementary Grades (4-7) taught by teachers of varying degrees of professional qualification for all counties of Georgia.
No. children
3 038 7',547 8 479 12',883
Percent of Total
or 2.20 taught by teachers with 7th Grade completion.
5.47
""
"
" 8th "
6 15
"
" 9th "
9.35 " "
"
" 10th
Total
.; 31,947 " 23.17
" " high school under graduates (7th-10th).
^
37,210 " 27.00
" " teachers with 11th Grade completion.
Total
.... 69,157 " 50.17
" " high school under graduates and graduates.
1 908 " 1 38
3'092 " 2 24
l'oo3 "
.73
6473 " 4^70
4 277 " 3.10
4'ggo " 3!61
2'20i " 1.60
" by teachers with 1 yr. Junior college completion.
"
Junior college completion (2 yrs.)
"
" i yr. normal school completion.
""
"
" 1 yr. normal school completion.
""
"
"1 yr. college completion.
""
"
" 2 yrs college completion.
"*
*
" 3 yrs college completion.
Total Total
23,934 93,091
" 17.36 " 67.53
" " college under graduates.
" " high school under graduates, high school graduates and college under graduates.
35 290 9,'449
" 25.6 " 6.86
" " teachers with normal school completion (2 yrs.)
" college completion (4 yrs.)
Total
44,739 * 32.46
" " normal school and college graduates.
Grand Total.... 137,830 " 100.00
Showing number Rdeicghremeos nodf. professional
aqnudalpifeirccaetniotnagfeorofalclhcilid^rTeniTeA^inBoTfEFlS <eN-mr"e~u)eu ing1itQaTMeexrxc,eaS prtf,,Bmiabtl),,m}CPh*haVthfa,m*^ ,
. ^Fuli?toacnh, eMrSuscfogveaeryainngd
No. children
Percent of Total
"S
8,479 12,847 "
el"
7.25 10.98
Elem?ntary Children taught by teachers with 7th Grade completion.
,
. 8th
"
.
9th
Total Total
31,911
27.28
a
33,448 " 28.60
It
65,359 " 55.88
a
It
a high school under graduates.
"
U
a teachers with 11th Grade completion.
It
it
a
hIghradh01 under Sraduates and high school
Total Total
1,689
1.44
2,926
2.50
298 "
.24
5,768
4.93
a
3,735
3.19
U
4,000 " 3.42
it
1,721
1.47
it
20,137
17.19
"
85,496
73.07
a
25,674 6,322
21.95
u
5.41
Total
31,996 " 27.36
"
Grand Total 117,492 ' 100.00
u
u
u
teachers with 1 yr. Junior College completion
a
u
Junior college completion.
u
u
u
2 yr. normal school completion
a
1 yr. normal school completion
u
It
1 yr. college completion.
a
u
2 yrs. college completinn.
a yrs. college completion.
u
It
u college under graduates.
u
it
il high school under graduates, high school grad-
uates and college under graduates
u
a
It
teachers with normal school completion (2 yrs )
college completion (4 yrs ) '
"
a
a normal school and college graduates
TABLE NO. 20.
Showing number and percentage of all children in Elementary Grades (4-7) taught by teachers of varying degrees of professional qualification for the counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond.
No. children
36 3,762
Percent
of Total
or
.18 Elementary children taught by teachers with 10th Grade completion.
" 18.55
"
"
""
"
" 11th Grade completion.
Total Total.
3,798 " 18.73
219 166 705 705 542 980 480
3,797
,595
" 1.08
"
.82
" 3.41
" 3.41
" 2.67
" 4.83
" 2.37
18.59
37.32
" high school under graduates and high school graduates.
" teachers with 1 yr. Junior college completion.
"
"
" Junior college completion.
"
"
" i yr. normal school completion.
"
"
" i yr. normal school completion.
"
"
" 1 yr. college completion
"
"
" 2 yrs. college completion.
"
"
" 3 yrs. college completion.
" college undergraduates.
" high school undergraduates, high school graduates and college undergraduates.
9,616 8,127
47.41 15.42
Total
12,743
62.83
Grand Total 20,338 or 100.00
taught by teachers of normal school completion.
""
"
" college completion.
normal school and college graduates.
TABLE NO 21.
Showing comparison of numbers and percentagesiOfjElementary Children only of the three foregoing tables
as compiled from the three divisions : 1--All counties; 2-all counties except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton Muscogee
amndg Rdeicghremesonodf;qaunadli3fi--caCtioounn.ties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond as taught by teachers=> uofi v"a"r*v
No. children
Per cent of
Tctal
(7-10)
31,947 or 23.17 Elementary children taught by high school undergraduates in Division "1"
31,911 36
27.28 .18
" high school undergraduates in Division "2" " high school undergraduates in Division "3"
11th
37,210
27.00
33,448
28.60
3,762
18.65
69,157
50.17
65,359
55.88
3,798
18.73
23,934 20,137 3,797 93,091
85,496
7.595
17.36 17.19 18.59 67.53
73.07
32.32
44,739 31,996 12,743
32.46 27.36 62.83
high school graduates in Diviosin "1" high school graduates in Division "2" high school graduates in Division "3"
high school undergraduates and graduates in Division "1"
high school undergraduates and graduates in Division "2"
high school undergraduates and graduates in Division "3"
college undergraduates in Division "1" college undergraduates in Division "2" college undergraduates in Division "3"
high school undergraduates, graduates and college undergraduates in Division "1"
high school undergraduates and graduates, college undergraduates in Division "2"
high school undergraduates, graduates and college undergraduates in Division "3"
normal school and college graduates in Division "1"
normal school and college graduates in Division "2"
normal school and college graduates in Division "3"
Showing comparison of percentages of Elementary children as tought by teachers of varying degrees of professional aua lification in the three divisions: (1--all counties; 2--all except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond; and 3--counties ol BIDD, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond.)
=Elementary children taught by high school undergraduates In Division "1"
"3"
^Elementary children taught by high school graduates In "1"
M==
< HgM
=Elementary children taught by high school and undergraduates In "1"
___._ .
u
*
* "2"
Elementary bhildren taught by high school graduates and college undergraduates In "1"
U
2'*
l=Elementary chUdren taught by high school undergraduates, graduates, and college undergraduates "1"
MMB=Elementar- child en taught by high school undergraduates, graduates and college undergraduares "2"
Elementary children taught by high school undergraduates, graduates and college undergraduates "3"
=Elementary children taught by normal school and college graduates in "1"
=Elementary children taught by normal school and college graduates in "3" 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 0 45 50 55 60 65 70 75
TABLE NO. 22. Showing number and percentage of children taught by teachers of varying degrees of professional qualification who are teaching both Elementary Grades and High School in all counties of Georgia.
No. Children
1,256 or 1,089 " 1,424 " 2,906 "
per cent of total
4.30 4.04 5.29 10.80
taught " " "
by teachers
"
"
"
"
"
"
with 7 th Grade completion " 8th " 9th " 10th
Total ... 6,675 " 24.43
"
" high school unnddergraduates (7-10)
7,973 " 29.63
"
" teachers with 1li1tth Grade completion.
Total
14,647
54.06
"
" High School undergraduates and high school graduates.
293 " 1.09
623 " 2.31
127 "
.47
1,295 " 4.81
848
3.15
1,132 " 4.21
674 " 2.50
"
" teachers with 1 yr. Junior college completion.
"
"
"
"
Junior college completion
"
"
"
" i yr. normal school completion.
"
"
"
" 1 yr. normal school completion.
"
"
"
" 1 yr. college completion.
"
"
"
" 2 yrs. college completion.
"
"
"
" 3 yrs. college completion.
Total Total
4,992 19,639
3,498 3,770
Total
7,268
Grand Total 26,907
" 18.54 " 72.60
" 13.00 " 14.01 " 39.61 " 100.00
"
" college undergraduates.
"
" high school undergraduates and high school graduates and
college undergraduates.
"
with normal school completion (2 yrs.)
"
with college completion (4 yrs.)
" by normal school and college graduates.)
TABLE NO 23
-t
Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond.
No. children 1,256 1,089 1,424 2,900
percent
or ^T1 Elementary andH.S. children taught by teachers with 7th Grade completion
4.78
;: J5
ii
;;
.
..
. 9th
.
. ..
" " " ioth -
Total
6,669
29.27
' " high school undergraduates.
7,868
34.54
" teachers with 11th Grade completion.
Total
14,537
63.81
" high school undergraduates and high school graduates.
293
1.29
623
2.73
127
.56
1,295
5.69
773
3.39
809
3.55
449
1.97
" teachers with 1 yr. Junior college
completion.
a
Junior college com-
pletion.
u " . i yr. normal school
completion.
o
" l yr normal school
completion.
i
l yr college comple-
tion.
u
" 2 yrs college comple-
tion.
"
" 3 yrs. college comple-
tion.
TABLE NO. 23.--Continued. Showing number and percentage of children taught by teachers of varying degrees of nrnfa^imini m,_n
No. children
Total Total _____
4,369 18,906
2,337 1,550
Total
3,887
Grand Total 22,793
percent of total
19.18 Elementary and H. S. children taught by college under graduates.
" 82.99
<
" high school undergraduates, high
school graduates and college ungraduates.
10.26 6.80
17.06
"
" teachers with normal school com-
..
. Pletion (2 yrs )
coUege completion (4
yrs"')
"
" normal school and college gravel
" 100.00
TABLE NO 24
i
Fulton, Muscogee avd. Richmond.
No. children
6 104
Total.
110
percent
f ^iT1 Elementary and H.S. children taught by teachers of 10th grade completion.
2'. 53
"
""
"
"
llth
-
" high school undergraduates and high school graduates.
Total. Total.
75 a 1.82
323 a 7.85
225
it
5.47
623
15.14
733
17.82
1,161 2,220
28.10 53.95
Total
3,381
Grand Total 4,114
" 82.05 " 100%
taught by teacherswith 1 yr. college completion.
" 2 yrs. college comple-
tion.
"3 yrs. college comple-
tion.
" college undergraduates.
" high school undergraduate, high school graduates and college undergraduates.
" teachers of normal school comple-
tion (2 yrs.)
""
" college completion (4
yrs.)
" normal school and college graduates.
TABLE NO. 25.
Showing comparison of numbers and percentages of children of the three foregoing"?tables as com-
piled from the three divisions:--(1--All counties; 2--All counties except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and
Richmond; and 3--Counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and RichmoncDas taught by teachers of varying
degrees of qualification who teach both Elementary Grades and High School Grades.
No. children
Percent
of Total
6,675 " 24.43 Elementary and high school children taught by h gh school under graduates
in Division "1"
6,669 " 29.27
"
"""
"
" high school undergraduates
in Division "2"
ft
-15
"
"""
" high school undergraduates
in Division "3"
7,972 " 29.63
7,888
34.54
3
104
2.53
high school graduates in Division "V
high school graduates in Division "2"
high school graduates .n Division "3"
14,647 14,537
110
54.06 63.81 " 2.68
high school undergraduates and graduates in Division "1"
high school undergraduates and graduates in Division "2"
high school undergraduates and graduates in Division "3"
4,992 4,369
623
" 18.54 " 19.18 " 15.14
college undergraduates In Division "1"
college undergraduate Division "2"
college undergraduates in Division "3"
TABLE NO. 25 Continued. Table No. 25 showing^comparisonof^numbers ^^^^^^^^^^n^^ ^cogee
vyingS?ees rt quaUfication who teach both Elementary Grades and H,gh School Grades.
No. children 19,639
Percent of Total
72.60 Elementary and high school children taught by W^^ol^r^ad^.
dergraduates in Division
18,906
"1"
82.99
,,
, it
high school undergraduates, graduates and college un-
dergraduates in Division
"2"
733
17 ,J
a
"
" high school undergraduates,
graduates and college un-
*-
dergraduates in Division "3"
7,268
U 39.61
"
"
3,887
tt 17.06
u
tt
3,381
It 82.05
a
it
normal school and college graduates in Division "1"
normal school and college graduates in Division "2"
normal school and college graduates in Division "3"
GRAPH NO. 12. Showing comparison of percentages of children as taught by teachers of varying degrees of qualification who teach both Elementary grades and High School grades in the three divisions: (1--All counties; 2--all except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond: and 3--counties excepted in "2.,')
1 2 3 16 19 20 25 30 35 40
54
64 73
82
^^^^Elementary and high school children taught by high school undergraduates in "1"
M
u
m
It
II
U
II
u 140"
luates
" "
T
"2'
" "3'
I--Elementary and high school children taught by high school graduates and undergraduates in "l"
I--Elementary and high school children taught by high school graduates and undergraduates In "2"
=Elementary and high school childred taught by high school graduates and undergraduates in "3"
=Elementary and high school children taught by collegs undergraduates in "1"
it
n
it
*
a "2"
a
u .u
u
u
it
tt
it
a 4in>>
|=Elementciry and high school children taught by high school undergraduates. graduates and college undergraduates in "1"
^^^^^=Elementary and high school children taught by high school undergraduates, graduates and college undergraduates in "2"
=Elementary and high school children taught by high school undergraduates, graduates and college undergraduates in "3"
=Elementary and high school children taught by normal school and college graduates In "1" " "2"
^Elementary and high school children taught by normal school and college graduates in "3"
TABLE NO. 26 Showing number and percentage of High School Children taught by teachers of varying degrees of profes-
sional qualification for all counties of Georgia.
No. children
Percent
31 or f T06 ^ high school children taught by teachers with 7th Grade completion.
18 "
04 "
"
"
"
"
8tn
T^al"
258 "^"gg
!53 ^
~
""
'
" lth "
" high school undergraduates (7-10)
j^O^ 3^,9
" " teachers with 11th Grade completion.
Total"
~Ts65 " 3^83 "
"TM I 7~Z I
i MA " 5 so "
w
nfi "
rfz
u
,'
, n?Q ? in "
? MR " lip "
1175 " 242 "
~"
u~
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
" " high school undergraduates and high school
grO(Q.\13.X6S.
"
" l yr. Junior college completion,
""
"
" Junior college completion (2 yrs.)
""
"
" | yr. normal school completion.
"
"
" 1 yr. normal school completion.
' "
"
" ! yr- college completion.
""
"
" 2 yrs. college completion.
"
"
" 3 yrs. college completion.
Total TMotal
Total
6,930 " 14^25 ~
" college undergraduates.
~8~795 " iR 08 " .
~ " high school undergraduates, high school graduates and college undergraduates.
TTR^
in Q4
"
34523 " 71.06 "
"
"
" " teachers with normal school completion^ yrs.)
"
"
" college completion (4 yrs.)
39 Yg^ gT.90 "
"
"
" " normal school and college graduates.
Grand Total 48,583 " 100
TABLE NO. 27
Showin'g number and percentage of High School children taught by teachers with varying degrees of pro-
fessional qualification for all counties of Georgia, except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond.
No. children 31
Percent
of Total
or
.09 high school children taught by teachers with 7th Grade completion.
18 "
.05 "
"
"
""
"
" 8th
55 "
.16 "
"
"
""
"
" 9th "
"
258 "
.75 "
"
"
""
"
" 10th "
"
Total _
362
1.05
high school undergraduates.
1,503
4.39
teachers with 11th Grade completion.
Total.
1,865
5.44
high school undergraduates and high school graduates.
605 " 1.77
1,404 " 4.10
30 u
.09
655 " 1.91
944 " 2.76
2,038
If
5.95
1,155
U
3.37
teachers with 1 yr. Junior college completion.
"
" Junior college completion.
"
" \ yr. normal school completion.
"
"1 yr. normal school completion.
"
" 1 yr. college completion.
"
"2 yrs. college completion.
"
" 3 yrs. college completion.
Total Total
6,831 8,696
19.95 25.39
college undergraduates.
high school undergraduates, high school graduates and college undergraduates.
Total
4,743 20,747
25,490
13.85 60.58
74.43
" teachers with normal school completion (2 yrs.)
"
"
" college completion (4 yrs.)
normal school and college graduates.
Grand Total 34,186
100
TABLE NO. 28
amfSi!cS^^^^^
No. children 79 20
Percent
of T'o't'fll
.55 high school children taught by teachers wift ^ ----^^
Total.
99 522 13,776
.62
3.62 95.61
college undergraduates.
teachers with normal school completion.
"
college completion.
Total
14,298
99.23
normal school and college graduates.
Grand Total 14,397
100
TABLE NO. 29
Showing comparison of numbers and percentages of High School children only of the three foregoing tables
as compiled from the three divisions :--(1--All counties ; 2--All counties except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond; and 3--Counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond), as taught by teachers of
varying degrees of qualification.
No. children 362 362
Percent
of Total
or
.74 high school children taught by high school undergraduates in Divison "1"
" 1.05 "
"
"
" " high school undergraduates in Division "2"
1,503
3.09
1,503
4.39
high school graduates in Division "1" high school graduates in Division "2"
1,865 1,865
6,930 6,831
8,795 8,696
99
39,788 25,490 14,298
3.83 5.44
14.25 19.95
.62 18.08 25.39
.23
81.90 74.43 99.23
high school undergraduates and graduates ' in Division "1"
high school undergraduates and graduates in Division "2"
college undergraduates in Division "1" college undergraduates in Sivision "2" college undergraduates in Division "3"
high school undergraduates, graduates and college undergraduates in Division "1"
high school undergraduates, graduates and college undergraduates in Division "2"
high school undergraduates, graduates and college undergraduates in Division "3"
normal school and college graduates in Division "iv
normal school and college graduates in Division "1"
normal school and college graduates in Division "3"
GRAPH NO. 13 Showing comparison of percentages of high school children as taught by teachers of varying degrees of Dro^^^ in the three divisions: (1-A11 counties; 2-all except Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond; and 3-countles exceptea m i .>
5 10 15 20 25 30 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100
| =High school children taught by high school undergraduates in division "1".
-__ _ .
.
.
.
" "2"
mm =
mmm _
,
.
* high school graduates in division "1"
....
"2"
=High school children taught by high school undergraduates and graduates in ""
_
.
"2"
_.
.
"3"
=High school children taught by college undergraduates in "1"
=
"
" "2"
_
a
-
"3"
=High school children taught by normal school and college graduates in "1'
_.
,,
a
...
..
. ..j"
B^MB=High School children taught by normal school and college graduates in "3"
TABLE NO. 26. showing percentage of age-grade retardation and length of term for all counties of Georgia. It is shown that those counties which have the shortest length of term, poorest trained and poorest paid teachers show the greatest yercentage of retardation. (Bead across.) Figures taken from State School Items as they were printed. For this reason the counties are not given in alphabetical order.
Percentage of Retardation in each grade
Length of Term with
percent of children attending each
Length of term
GRADES 8@= 1 2 3 I 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 9 S 7 6 i 4 mo. mo. mo. mo. mo. mo.
County
Early Elbert-Paulding--
Jeff Davis- -
Chattooga
Miller--
---
Taliaferro. Meriwether Cherokee Oglethorpe
Hart
29 31 47 5-1 58 61 58 60 62 57
15
85
37 x
58 12
67 11
73 55
67 49
85 50
68 55
65 48
45 55
32 36
47" 15
46
27
6 27
40
50
4
30 46 54 55 68 12 74 65 46 40 27 38 7 1 54
2-1 33 31 44 33 55 41 S3 24 25 44 36 64
--- 34 52 57 63 68 70 69 62 63 12
16 8 17 59
37 54 57 59 72 68 75 15 53 37 29" 29 10 15 56
2-1 32 40 59 50 49 68 16 16 18
43 30 26 1
S" 20 37 34 38 3-1 37 36 15 31 34
20 19 40 30 40 29 37 42 24 27
100 42 11 47
25 26 31 30 46 35 48 50 42 35 16 57 43
30 39 51 52 19 44 49 43 58 43 40 36 64
32 50 58 51 61 57 68 13 58 12 50 33 3 10 51 2 1
~T 27 39 43 50 60 52 55 47 46 54 22 36 26
38
29 24
51 41
53 10
59 52
66 57
72 55
71 60
S3 59
56 47
48 25
43 25
7 67
17
13
72 20
36 14 49 56 67 64 62 62 56 31 .'5 26
74
27 11 -18 53 56 60 75 16 65 30 48 52
48
32 46 45 45 48 53 63 49 45 27 13 34
66
3103
40 61
45 46 5-1 62 62 72 68 75
54 77
16 60 64 50 18 64 47
38 "62" 29
71
40 57 62 61 66 63 65 54 37 13 30' 26 16 4 54
31 53 51 59 65 61 64 50 49 43 29 38 26 17 19
43 55 60 63 62 56 62 36 45 30 40 37 2 4 57
34 45 50 58 72 85 83 39 42
24
76
"i 23 34 37 46 63 58 70 16 17 60 10 49
48 58 61 59 62 62 64 12 42 44 11 48
51 16 31
22 33 39 15 52 51 47 52 53 53 14 79 21
38 54 S3 61 67 78 62 53 57 37 6 22
78
20 29 12 41 40 38 38 23 22 20 11 100
3o 50 49 56 60 59 54 71 55 54 12 70
9 21
14 65 66 73 68 76 84 19 81 39 37 23 "~7~
70
32 48 54 60 63 55 62 10 32 41 34 45 7
48
15 22 38 31 16 19 64 12 30 20 15 48 9 43"
11 5-1 68 67 80 79 87 66 70 25
19
81
24 32 36 35 42 12 43 36 29 27 30' 61 8 30 1
20 3-1 26 39 46 47 53 45 62 10 34 51 11 12 26
32 44 56 1,7 70 70 7-1 17 13 74 32 24
76
29 48 48 51 58 55 6-1 55 55 23 8 38 21 6 35
19 37 30 87 10 47 53 15 52 18 29 28 3 12 57
28 42 52 12 59 58 63 13 55 13 36 52 8
40
35 54 60 64 72 73 69 71 34 31 60 25
75
21 32 33 36 40 39 43 19 53 24 7 18 82
29 30 40 36 37 32 50 37 17 28 10 51 5 44
33 43 58 51 48 43 60 34 50 42 42 71 22 7 49 58 17 62 77 50 70 38 31 33 22 57 43
40 35 37 55 56 69 70 59 25
24
7 69
34 57 61 70 77 76 95 89 100
26 74
9 19 21 31 30 26 28 37 29 35 41 100
24 51 41 62 51 57 63 59 49 11 27 28 72
32 31
41 46
56 56
64 10
61 63
71 62
78 74
76 57
57 80
28 80
84
80
?0
100
20 26 38 41 51 47 50 35 28 29 20 100
29 43 47 53 53 53 6,8 61 IS 21 27 47
53
31 33 44 38 49 36 -15 50 10 35 20 68 "32"
--- 36 61 60 64 67 63 59 63 60 47 53 22
16 62
28 38 56 61 55 59 67 64 39 30 20 16 23"
61
21 27 37 -11 -42 15 39 42 41 37 30 100
18 31 33 36 46 39 49 34 25 25 27 54 46
25 42 52 59 69 62 70 60 40 44 33 23 27 6 24 20
35 59 66 66 76 80 79 49 61 33 44 25
5 20 50
81
TA BL 3 NO. 26. -Continued.
Percentage of Retardation in each grade
Length of Term with percent of children
attending each
Length of term
GRADES gg^
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 9 8 7 6 5 4 mo. mo. mo. mo. mo. mo.
County
Brantley Ware Tattnall Twiggs Union Pierce.. Long Tiit Treutlin Toombs Appling Emanuel..
Screven Stephens Burke Decatur Grady Fannin Bryan Ooweta Colquitt Towns Jefferson Crisp Lee Schley Sumter Ben Hill Rabun Thomas Coffee Pike Monroe. Wheeler Bacon Mitchell Telfair Polk Dodge Floyd Camden CrawfordGlynn Stewart Lamar Marion Talbot Taylor Upson Washington Webster Bibb Charlton Clinch Cook Effingham Jasper Liberty Newton Wilkinson Bulloch Terrell Franklin Greene Spalding Campbell Dade
34 63 66 67 80 82 82 91
100
.... 33 36 39 50 50 44 51 46 28 39 15 56 2 5 37
31 46 52 60 56 62 61 38 50 35 32 35 13
6 46
28 39 50 52 56 60 49 63 23 20 14 60
"24" 16
.... .... 11 68 67 67 71 66 84 88 79 73 88 5
42 61 64 67 74 71 77 69 16 7 23 18
95 17 17 48
39 57 54 50 44 60 66 60 50 43 20 37
63
31 17 61 58 60 59 70 56 52 57 48 28 29 35 52 70 64 64 66 67 45 48 38 55 16 34 34 50 54 60 65 60 61 51 44 24 12 27
3 40 9 41
73
34 58 52 58 64 73 74 56 6 41
14
86
80 47 53 57 53 53 59 51 41 21 28" 36 8 11 45
32 49 62 48 67 64 67 61 62 30 22 17 1 18 64
33 19 40 13 53 50 57 48 43 39 44 27 14 36 23
... ... 43 60 56 69 67 68 68 66 65 55 51 40 4
56
.
18 32 27 38 28 38 39 46 23 29 21 100
. 26 35 32 40 46 51 53 63 42 37 36 40
10
34 43 51 55 50 63 56 47 46 U 14 25 "io" 63
46 69 68 71 73 78 87 66 85 95 80 13 18 39 46 60 53 67 61 38 12 28 30 79 38 15
65 11
....
4 36
24 32 37 41 45 40 40 55 44 31 8 100
35 53 62 68 63 60 64 59 46 42 26 52
11 37
41 68 68 80 81 80 69
100
21 33 33 41 50 45 52 50 42 30 36 78 15 7
15 35 42 46 43 54 38 38 37 22 17 45 55
18 17 24 46 21 36 43 41 29 18 0 100
13 27 22 41 44 43 35 55 31 42 18 45 20 35
10 14 73 25 12 36 41 22 35 26 17 100
32 43 47 51 59 53 56 40 39 41 13 53 4 29 14
39 59 63 74 71 79 65 44 54 30 66 34
63 3
20 32 43 47 44 47 53 51 35 31 23 67 4 27 2
43 63 65 67 69 68 71 50 28 30 12 43
4 9 44
24 21 31 32 40 38 45 16 14 9 8 68 10 22
19 21 24 32 45 36 35 23 20 23 10 100
_ . 35 48 52 62 65 63 78 76 69 19 17
.... 37 65 58 74 61 73 80 54 38 39 50
18 20
14
"io"
68 36
34
"T 27 37 46 42 42 43 46 49 34 32 17 58
47 1
37 60 68 69 69 73 69 75 76 25
42
53 5
.... 36 44 44 56 51 46 54 43 42 30 36" 71
29
34 56 59 68 68 68 74 11 40 38 38 29 11 4 13 43
31 48 52 51 62 64 79 57 41 36 36 75 7 18
39 18 57 51 49 53 54 50 45 29 38
49 40 11
18 38 46 54 61 45 52 31 57 25 34 ~44~
53 3
17 25 29 39 39 39 47 41 11 16 15 100
12 14 13 19 25 22 29 30 25 29 15 100
.
24 40 31 38 99 40 22 19 36 51 46 45 55
30 35 45 45 63 63 64 66 35 52
23
10 67
19 10 33 28 30 40 49 36 29 43 39" 66
34
24 39 50 50 58 51 56 56 51 28 18 42 "io" 34 14
33 49 45 55 53 44 44 54 20 32 50 76
22 2
23 31 36 42 46 45 51 52 31 30 23 30 "27" 7 36
. 15 30 34 39 58 45 41 50 31 37 34 61 39
.... .... 17 30 32 33 39 37 35 38 33 23 18 100
36 58 61 68 70 26 68 60 67 40
24 20
49 7
36 53 56 59 72 65 53 53 23 32 26" 22
78
.... 27 49 55 55 68 52 58 60 51 33 35 16
84
22 24 35 50 52 51 52 54 16 42 40 40 27
23
. 15 26 23 38 43 50 41 55 36 37 66 96 4
27 55 55 55 70 62 58 55 39 33 56 29
13 58
20 46 47 47 50 43 40 44 38 32 2 73
27
18 33 35 38 58 50 49 45 45 42 21 37 "63"
31 46 48 47 50 53 61 44 44 30 23 30 7 62 1
14 28 12 36 31 39 32 33 33 26 21 28 72
37 56 59 59 67 BO 77 65 61 54 33 33
9 58
. 23 30 29 41 19 40 55 39 34 30 10 52 "26" 28
27 13 14 51 48 46 43 35 41 10 17 59 41
25 27 35 41 38 55 57 57 49 14 20 45 11 12 32
37 73 67 66 65 76 67 59 75 46 80 30 10
60
82
TABLE NO. 26.--Continued.
Percentage of Retardation in each grade
County
Habersham Cobb Catoosa Baldwin MurrayQuitman Dawson Milton Turner Lumpkin Whltfield Walker White Randolph Worth Oconee Montgomery-.. Hall DeKalb Forsyth Gwinnett Walton Troup Laurens Brooks Calhoun Clay-- Lowndes Clarke Muscogee Harris
20 38 42 27 20 25 2S 31 33 23 36 37 38 33 27 25 10 28 30 30 20 ,, 15 123
56 45 71 40 77 44 02 83 61 72 58 66 79 44 55 63 52 65 40 80 65 58 45 60 69 32 40 52 44 30 32 26 41
61 54 46 47
53 50
44
77
40
55
17
50
71
30
45
41
59
Length of Term with percent of children
attending each Length of term
7
54
mo. mo. mo.
57 100
77 51
28 30 7S
77
83
GEORGIA
State School Items
Published Monthly by the Department of Education.
Vol.2
June 1. 1925
No. 9
N. H. BALLARD,
State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5. 1923. at the Post Office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24 1912 Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act ot October 3. 1917, authorized October S, 1923.
ATLANTA. GA.
GEORGIA
State School Items
Published Monthly by the Department of Education.
Vol.2
June 1, 1925
No. 9
N. H. BALLARD,
State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the Post Office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act ot October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923.
ATLANTA, GA.
PLAN OF CERTIFICATION.
Certificates to teach hereafter will be issued by the State Superintendent of Schools under the authority of the State Board of Education. There will be only one exception to this rule. The County School Superintendent may issue Special Temporary or County Licenses, good until the next examination. These can be of no higher rating than the third grade.
Teachers' certificates may be secured in two ways:
By examination.
By certification of proficiency from approved schools and colleges.
Examination questions will be sent out from the office of the State Superintendent of Schools during the coming summer.
All certificates, whether by examination or certification from approved schools will be of three classes:
1. Provisional or non-professional.
2. Professional.
3. Life Professional.
A provisional ' A" class certificate is one issued either on examination or certification from an approved school or college that applicant has had less than three years successful experience of at least eight months a year and has not had in that time received as much as nine hours or eighteen Semester hours' credit for professional work at an approved school.
A professional certificate is issued upon the applicant's presenting a provisional certificate with evidence of having taught three years of at least eight months each year and has in addition received at least nine hours' credit in professional subjects from some approved school. It may also be issued to any high school graduate showing evidence of having taught three years and presenting nine hours' credit for professional work.
CERTIFICATE BY EXAMINATION OR CERTIFICATION
General Elementary.
High School--Provisional
Special High School
General Elementary Certificates.
A CLASS
This certificate may be secured either by examination or by certification. The applicant should present evidence of having completed a four-year standard high school or its equivacency or stand examination before the county supei intendent on questions sent out from the State Department. The applicant making at least 85% on this examination may send his papers to the State Department accompanied by an application and if the State Department approves the marks given, he will be granted an elementary A class certificate on payment of fee of one dollar. This certificate is good for three years.
After September 1926, applicants for the provisional A class elementary certificate must be able to show in addition to graduation from a four-year high school, or its equivalency, a credit of at least one unit in education.
Grade B Elementary Certificates.
This certificate may be obtained by graduation from a fouryear unaccredited high school. After September 1, 1926, in addition to graduation from a four-year unaccredited high school, the applicant must show that he has attended at least two summer schools. The B class certificate may also be secured by making at least 75% on examination. Good for two years.
Professional Elementary Certificates Good for Seven Years.
Professional elementary certificates will be issued to those who present evidence of having taught three years, who are graduates of a standard high school and who can show that they have had at least eighteen semester hours in education. This certificate is good for seven years.
3
NORMAL CERTIFICATES- -PROVISIONAL AND PROFESSIONAL.
Provisional Normal Certificates will be issued to those who are graduates of a standard normal school. This certificate is good for three years. Professional Normal Certificates will be issued to graduates of a standard normal school who have at least three years teaching experience.
Provisional High School Certificate.
This certificate will be issued to those who are graduates of a junior college or to those who have had at least two years work in a standard college. They should present credit for at least thirty hours of standard college work. This certificate is good for three years. A provisional high school certificate may be converted into a professional normal certificate when the applicant can show three years experience as a teacher and present credits for eighteen semester hours in education.
College Certificate- -Three Year College, Provisional and Professional.
A college certificate, good for three years will be issued to applicants who can show graduation from a four-year standard college.
A provisional college certificate will be issued to those who, in addition to a college graduation, can show that they have at least three hours credit in education.
A professional college certificate will be issued to those who can present evidence of graduation from a four-year standard college and in addition thereto, credits for at least eighteen semester hours in education and three years experience.
LIFE CERTIFICATES.
Life Certificates of whatever kind, elementary, normal, or college, are based upon ten years' teaching experience plus semester hours in education.
The fee for the issuance of certificates or for their conversion is one dollar. This fee should accompany the application and both should be sent to the State Department of Education.
Credits in Education.
In order to secure a professional certificate, the applicant must show that he has had at least eighteen semester hours in some of the following:
Educational Psychology. Principles of Education. Methods in Special Subjects. Supervised Observation and Teaching in Special Subjects. General Psychology. High School or Junior High School Subjects. City or Rural Education Problems.
Credits in these professional subjects may be obtained at any accredited high school giving a teacher training course, at standard summer schools, normals and colleges.
SPECIAL CERTIFICATES.
Based upon graduation from a four-year high school, training in the specialty and in the science and art of teaching.
The following are classed as special subjects: Domestic Science, Art, Vocal or Instrumental Music,
Manual Training, Physical Education, Drawing, Kindergarten, and Commercial Branches. These certificates will be awarded where the applicant can present an excellent record of accomplishment in the special subject.
Definition and Explanations.
An hour represents the work done during one recitation a week for thirty-six weeks.
An accredited high school is one that has been approved by the Accrediting Commission of this State.
A standard high school is one having at least two teachers both of whom are certificated to teach in the high school and whose equipment is such as to warrant the approval of the state for state aid.
A semester hour is one hour (not less than fifty minutes) of work
per week during a school term of at least eighteen weeks.
Thirty semester hours, or fifteen hours are a year's work artd 120
semester hours, or sixty hours of work qualify for graduation.
A term hour is one hour (not less than forty-five minutes) of work
during a school term of not less than twelve weeks. Generally
speaking, one term hour is equal to about two-thirds of a semester
hour when the term is twelve weeks.
>
Under the plan of certification, credit is given for both academic and professional work. Academic work is viewed as general and professional. When a study is pursued not only for its content, but also with a view of teaching it, including observation and methods, it may be credited as professional academic prepaiation. One having more than 18 semester hours of professional work, this being the number of hours of such work required to professionalize a certificate may have the number of hours above 18 semester hours credited, if desired, on their academic preparation.
Credit for 18 semester hours of professional work will not be granted unless the applicant has spent at least sixteen weeks or one-half of a minimum college year in a standard normal school or college recognized by the State Board of Education-
Exchange and Conversion of Outstanding Certificates.
All teachers holding the old form of county licenses which are about to expire should make application to the State Department of Education for a state certificate. If the applicant has the preparation of a four-year high school and will present credits for same, a state certificate will be granted upon the payment of one dollar.
If the applicant cannot present credits from a four-year high school or from some reputable educational authority attesting that the applicant has the equivalency of such preparation, he should take the examination to be given during the coming summer.
Licenses, or certificates issued by other states will be evaluated in terms of the standards and requirements of the Georgia plan of certification. It will be necessary foi those holding such licenses or certificates to make application upon the regular Georgia application blanks and to send the fee of one dollar to the State Department.
REPORT of the DIRECTOR of CERTIFICATION. E. A. Pound.
Late in'June, 1924, I was appointed Director of Certification. The Legislature, being then in session and no room being available in the State Department of Education, through the courtesy of the Atlanta school authorities, rooms were secured in the Commercial High School and with a committee of twenty persons, the work began. It has continued unremittingly until this date.
As soon as the Legislature adjourned, the committee was assigned the Senate Chamber and for several months, every desk in this chamber was filled wth application and credit blanks, so momentous was the task assigned. After October 1st, Miss Rebecca Hearn was made assistant director and the work since that time has continued with Miss Hearn and one other in charge.
The adoption of a plan of certification was an absolute necessity for the following reasons:
a. Old and well prepared teachers found it trying and irksome to respond to the law which required that they stand , examinations at certain intervals, thereby necessitating a loss of time to them, although they had proven themselves well qualified in every way
7
b. Teachers going to other states found that with the adoption of plans of certification by other states that the old county licenses issued by this state were not acceptable to those states and they immediately began to ask that they be granted a state certificate.
c. To both of the above classes of teachers, the plan has proven acceptable and to the younger teachers, it has been stimulating, as all such teachers realize that, with such a plan, they have a reai objective and that objective, the desire to perfect themselves in all that appertains to teaching in such a way as will be recognized by this and other states.
Under the old plan, there was very little inspiration to the average teacher. Under the new plan, hundreds who were issued provisional certificates are preparing to attend summer and normal schools in order the better prepare themselves for the work which they are to do.
Of all the plans of certification that obtain in the South, to-day, Georgia has one of the simplest. Its certificates are br.sed upon high school, normal, junior college, and college graduation, and yet as simple as is the plan, many teachers were at first very much confused as to its interpretation. However, the storms of criticism that once swirled about it have passed away and countless letters of congratulation have poured into the State Department in reference to this great forward step. Undoubtedly, as time advances and conditions warrant, the State Board of Education will make such changes as will gradually increase the standards for teaching in this state.
The Director desires to return thanks to the splendid committee which has served with him so faithfully during the inauguration of the new plan. Each and every member of the committee has rendered a most valuable service to the state
The following number of certificates have been issued since July, 1924.
CERTIFICATE
Number
Honorary Life Certificates
White 100
Provisional Elementary C Class. 88
Provisional Elementary B Class. 226
Provisional Elementary A Class. 3,864
Provisional Normal
i 189
College Teacher's
8
Provisional High School
709
Provisional College
451
Professional Elementary
282
Professional Normal
880
Professional College
311
Life Professional Elementary . . 541
Life Professional Normal
645
Life Professional College
321
Special Subject
Ttals
,
Number on Hand not Issued
163
9|778
Number Total Negro
11 17 488 180 ...., 14 15 78 100 5 169 105 9 15 1,206
99 243 4,352 1,369
8 723 466 360 980 316 710 750 330 178 11,884 1,295
12,179 N. B. Any provisional certificate may be converted into a pro-
fessional certificate by the applicant's showing credit for
nine hours in education and three years' experience in teaching.
The name of each and every person to whom a certificate has been issued is given below.
HONORARY
Adams, George Claude
Covington
Ga.
Alfriend, Kyle Terry Sr.
Forsyth
Ga.
Allen, M. C.
Calhoun
Ga.
Arnett, H. J.
Sylvania
Ga.
Ashmore, Otis
Savannah
Ga.
Barrow, David Crenshaw
Athens
Ga.
Barton, Robert
Armuchee
Ga.
Bass, Addie
Demorest
Ga.
Bass, Maggie
Cordele
Ga.
Bedingfield, Charlie Eliza
Richland
Ga.
Belcher, Ethel
Porterdale
Ga.
9
Berry, Martha McChesney Bond, G. G. Branch, Frank Garland Brittain, Marion Luther Brooks, Roland Edgar Brown, Peter F. Bruce, Chas. H. Bryan, William Edwaid Butler, George P. Callahan, Oscar L. Cate, Mrs. Margaret D. Cleveland, Thomas Jefferson Daniel, Roland B. Derry, Joseph Tyrone Dozier, Katherine Dozier, T. H. Duggan, M. L. Dumas, William Thomas Earnest, David Lewis Eason, Mrs. Cornelia Bird Evans, Lawton Bryan
Ferguson, Frank Fitzpatrick, Benjamin Smith Gaertner, Herman Gailliard, Benjamin Palmer Garrett, T. H. Gibson, Caileton B. Glenn, G. R. Godard, Geo. D. Grant, Mrs. Sadie Lassiter Gray, Claude Greene, Asbury B. Harris, Agnes Eleanor Hanis, James Coffee Holmes, E. T. Lambdin, Mrs. Augusta M. Land, Foit E. Langston, John Calloway Looney, George Cleveland Martin, J. 0. Mathis, James Edward
Mount Berry Athens Cuthbert Atlanta Albany Athens Macon Ringgold Augusta Woodbury Brunswick Elberton Columbus Jacksonville Gainesville Athens Clayton Athens Athens Baxley Augusta
Savannah Fitzpatrick Oglethorpe Univ Dahlonega Augusta Savannah Dahlonega Milner Covington Locust Grove Blue Ridge Auburn Cave Spiing Milledgeville Barnesville Macon Springfield Atlanta Atlanta Americus
10
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Miller, A. G. Mitchell, John T. Muse, Jessie McDonald, Mada McGee, James T. McLaughlin, Annie Laurie Napier, Alice Osborne Neel, Charles Mallory Newton, Ralph Parker, M. L. Parks, M. M. Pickett, B. F. Polhill, Thomas G. Pound, E. A. Pound, Jere M. Powell, R. H. Oliphant, Frank Roan, Ella Rogers, Loula Kendall Rowe, Frederick Finger Sanford, S. V. Scott, Edwin H. Sellers, J. F. Smith, Euler Beaufort Smith, Clifford Smith, I. S Smith, Jesse D. Smith, Leon Perdue Sharp, Joseph Astor Snelling, Charles Mercer Stewart, Joseph Spencer Stone, H. H. Sutton, Willis A. Taylor, Mrs. Pearl B. Thomas, Walter P. Thompson, William E. Vickery, Elias Benton Wager, Ralph E. Walker, J. Henry Ware, Alexander F. Wise, Annie T.
Waycross Atlanta . . . Atlanta Brunswick East Point Americus LaFayette Cornelia Fort Valley College Park Milledgeville Newnan LaGrange Atlanta Athens Valdosta Macon Fairburn Tennille LaGrange Athens Milledgeville Oglethorpe Univ Gainesville LaGrange Reidsville College Park Macon Young Harris Athens Athens..... . Oxford Atlanta Macon West Point LaGrange Dahlonega Decatur Walker Park Tennille Atlanta
11
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Woofter, Thomas Jackson
Athens
Ga.
Wright, Homer
Atlanta
Ga.
Wright, W. C.
Eatonton
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-C CLASS
Application Number
6256 Adams, Mildred 7126 Anderson, Elsie 6591 Atwood, Lucille
8223 8227 8228
150 1819 6316 3096 5018
Barnes, Mae Wright Evelyn Dahlia Bolton Bragg, Mattie West Bazemore, John Alfred Babcock, Perry E. Bennett, Minnie Bowen, Lee Bums, Georgia
9113 Crossett, Jerome Hugh (Mrs.) 7776 Chalker, Luther 6381 Caison, Pearle 6593 Calder, Gussie
1304 Childs, G. F. (Mrs.) 7130 Cato, J. Clarence 6582 Cole, Myrtle Lee Evert
6594 6111 6112 6595
DeLoach, Nona Driskell, Carrie Grace Driskell, Mrs. Nona Dorsey, Carrie
370 Elrod, Marvin R. 6596 Evans, Mildred
4334 Farmer, Addie 411 Friar, Homer
12
Chatsworth... . ...Ga.
Chipley
...Ga.
Register
Ga.
Atlanta
...Ga.
Atlanta
...Ga.
Albany
...Ga.
...Ga.
Savannah.... ...Ga.
Waynesville. . ...Ga.
Brookfield.. . . ...Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Atlanta Kennesaw. . . . Glennville. . . . Hagan
...Ga. . . Ga. ...Ga.
Ga.
Pelham Avera Buford
. .. Ga. ...Ga.
Ga.
Statesboro.... . ...Ga. Cumming.... .. ..Ga. Cumming.... .. ..Ga. Sunnyside. . . . Ga.
Lyerly Oliver
. ...Ga. Ga.
Dalton Adel
. ...Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-C CLASS
Application Number
2483 6049 6324 7138 7135
Geiger, Mrs. Ebb Gleaton, Annie L. Griffin, Zoie Grimes, Mrs. Ralph Goode, Lillian
McRae
Ga.
Cordele
Ga.
Hoboken
Ga.
Colquitt
Ga.
Rydall
Ga.
7893 Hallford, Ernest
Demorest
Ga.
9211 Hutchison, Mrs. Ruth Lavom Buchanan
Ga.
6609 Hicks, L. Grover
Godfrey
Ga.
6598 Hodges, Lois
Claxton
Ga.
5759 Holbrook, Martha
Chats worth
Ga.
7139 Harrell, Annie
Flint
Ga.
4143 Hemphill, Annie M.
Atlanta
Ga.
2506 Hunter, Mrs. Josie
Clayton
Ga.
9214 Johnson, Mrs. Kate Howard
Commerce
Ga.
6327 Jones, Eula
Blakely
Ga.
2734 Knight, Annie
Danville
Ga.
8123 Lofton, Homer B. 6411 Loney, Mrs. J. L.
Rome
Ga.
Soperton
Ga.
7145 9615 9659 2545
McMillan, Mrs. C. T. McClellan, Irene McAfee, Chas. M. McClure, Maime
Gainesville
Ga.
Danielsville
Ga.
Tilton
Ga.
Blue Ridge
Ga.
4580 7475 6123 6066 8127
Maddox, Nellie Matthews, Louise Velaria Mauldin, Esther N. Mobley, Ora Moore, Elizabeth
9132 Newsome, Ola Hawlins 7490 Norris, Trudie
13
Meeks
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Buford
Ga.
Mt. Vernon
Ga.
Alto
Ga.
Sandersville
Ga.
Harrison
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-C CLASS
Application Number
7493 Ogburn, Edna F. Mrs.
Dublin
Ga.
7065 3896 6588 893 875
Page, Evelyn Patterson, Archibald, Mrs. Pearson, Lewis, Rev. Prince, Ottis Flura Pope, Gertiude
Millen Atlanta Dallas Cairo Adrian
Ga. ,. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga.
944 945 6606 3924 10369
Rustin, Fannie Rustin, Berta Rushing, Edith Reynolds, Elizabeth Rawls, Mrs. E. L.
Sparks
Ga.
Sparks
Ga.
Register
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Ochlocnee
Ga.
8336 3150 9101 8801 6607 6076 2575 6080 6079
950 6205
Simmons, Mary Josephine Strange, Mrs. Artie Mae Smith, Kate Strickland, Cora Lee Scott, Lucy Janie Shurley, Clara Smith, Omie Stanford, Ruth Summers, Clara Mae, Miss Spann, Effie Summerour, Annie
Cleveland
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Vienna
Ga.
Morganton
Ga.
Smithville
Ga.
Cordele
Ga.
Wrights ville
Ga.
Dawsonville
Ga.
6302 Thornton, T. F. 7105 Thurman, Demaris 6346 Tuten, Madge Eloise
14
Chatsworth
Ga.
Jefferson
Ga.
Bristol
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-C CLASS
Application Number
2585 Thompson, Dallas 2586 Thompson, Frankie Mae
Fairmount
Ga.
Fairmount
Ga.
9376 7207 6092 8276
Waller, Jannie Iowne Willis, Allegra Thurman Price Willis, Grace Williams, Mrs. Thomas B.
Tarry town
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
Cusseta
Ga.
Rossville
Ga.
R. F. D. No. 2.
B CLASS
Atwood, Lucile
Register
Ga.
6590 Akins, Myrtie Belle
Graymont
Ga.
3353 Alexander, Mrs. Hattie David Haralson
Ga.
5394 Andrews, Blanche M.
Atlanta
Ga.
3090 Ashley, Charley J., Mrs.
Blakely
Ga.
9194 Adams, Beatrice
Lumber City
Ga.
5712 152
6573 6259 6376 6574 6579 6036 6317 7179 6104 6580 6592 3365 6038 8102
Banister, Jarrett P. Beason, Eugenia, Robertson Bentley, Vassie Irene Black, Callie Boatright, Bertie Boddiford, W. J., Mrs. Boddiford, W. J. Bonner, Bessie Mary Bowen, Vera Bohler, Susie Vashti Bramlett, Win. B. Briscoe, Olivia Mae Burke, Donah C. Burnett, Seldon C. Bush, Nina S., Mrs. Brindle, Chester Paul
15
Cumming
Ga.
Expel iment
Ga.
Monroe
Ga.
Mineral Bluff Ga.
Swainsboro
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Warm Spi ings .... Ga.
Bristol
Ga.
Appling
Ga.
Auburn
Ga.
Monroe
Ga.
Butts
Ga.
Vincentown N. J.
Cordele
Ga.
Tifton
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-B CLASS
Application Number
7994 Brooks, Osier F. 8291 Brown, Willie B. 8496 Bramblett, Luther Martin 8224 Barton, Dorma M. 9197 Bailey, Mary Lois 7949 Barton, Ether I. J. 9174 Bleckley, Addie E., Mrs. 5718 Brown, Clyde Ross 9520 Brown, Bela Morris 9677 Boykin, Robert Victor 9868 Brogdon, Carrie Osborne 10449 Beckham, Ollie F. 6242 Brewer, Jessie, Mis.
Vienna
Ga.
Guyton
Ga.
Mt. Airy
Ga.
Curryville
Ga.
Kingston
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Mt. Airy
Ga.
Sasser
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Buford
Ga.
Prior
Ga.
Dublin
Ga.
8724 8919 9112 6380 5024 3249 6383 6460 7131 6108 6461 6583
304 6464 6465 7563 5558 12004
Cook, John Homer Carr, Lula Dolly Carter, Henry Monroe Cail, Florrie Caldwell, Helen Eleanor Clarke, Maggie M. Cobb, Inez Collins, Laura S., Mrs. Collins, Willie H. Compton, Mamie Lee Cook, Laisa Cooke, Pauline Cooper, Emma Ruth Coulter, Carl Leo Coulter, Zelia Mae H., Mrs. Culver, Elizabeth V. Colquitt, N. T., Mrs. Crowell, Mary Ola
Hill City........ ,Ga.
Conyers
Ga.
Jesup
Ga.
Dover
Ga.
Bairdstown
Ga.
Rhine
Ga.
Glennville
Ga.
Cairo
Ga.
Cordele. .
Ga.
Logansville
Ga.
Milltown
Ga.
Rochelle
Ga.
Alamo
Ga.
Poulan
Ga.
Poulan
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Comer
Ga.
Appling
Ga.
8385 Dyer, Florence 9004 Dekle, I. H., Mrs.
342 Dillinger, Willene 7625 DeLoach, Adelle lone 1331 Demeese, Ollie Arlington
16
Blairsville. Canoochee Demorest Pitts Murphy
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. N. C.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-B CLASS
341 7628 2712 6468 4332
356
Dillinger, Annie Douglas, Octava, Mrs. Dickey, Ella Mae Dixon, Eoline, Miss Duren, Leta Sue Durrence, J. W., Mrs.
8776 Edwards, Dolphus W. 10547 Edwards, Maude Patton, Mrs.
10156 9948 6390 10767 6184
401
Fitzpatrick, Julia Ward, Mrs. French, Ruth Elmore Forehand, Alabelle Fonts, Paul, Mrs. Foster, Sam M. Floyd, Manila E.
8300 Gammon, Mary Alyce 8438 Goodlet, Lula C. 9007 Grier, Florrie N. 10273 Gireadeau, Grace 10579 Garrett, Minnie Lee 10580 Garrett, Sallie Mae 10160 Gillam, John A. 7890 Gaines, Mary 7635 Gates, Frances 3399 Grant, Jas. L. 7137 Griffith, Claud A. 6395 Greene, Onie Mae 6473 Griffin, Macy 7792 Goss, Kathleen 6597 Grovenstein, Leonard
8243 Harden, Minnie 8439 Hall, Ruby 9737 Hendley, Maggie 8920 Holcomb, Colquitt 8963 Hammock, Avis 9121 Hemphill, Dewey, Mrs. 9562 Hutcheson, Cathryn 9878 Hearn, Vesta, Mrs.
17
Demorest Meeks Fairmount Cairo Thomasville Waynesville
Toccoa Flovilla
Bostwick Fort Screven Hilltonia Gainesville Clarkesville Empire
Cedartown Ringgold Alto Groveland Davisboro Davisboro Rome Elberton Atlanta Darien Blue Ridge Meeks Milford Cartersville Oliver
Elza Crandall Garfield Eton Adrian Greenville Palmetto Palmetto
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-B CLASS
6149 2490 6585 6273 6053 6055 7141 6476 6568
560 6028 6059 10775 7898
Hamlin, Annie, Mrs. Hancock, Ardelle Heath, Ardella Maude Henry, Pauline L. Hill, Nettie B. Hitchcock, Berchea Horn, Roland L., Mrs. Hobby, Nellie Hollifield, Mary Howel1, Eva Mae Huff, Ruth C. Hurst, Helen Hay, Eunice Heath, Veronie
Knoxville
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
Chamblee
Ga.
Morgan ton
Ga.
Butler
Ga.
Cordele
Ga.
Brinson
Ga.
Ashburn
Ga.
Tiger
Ga.
Adel
Ga.
Buena Vista
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Blakely
Ga.
Dudley
Ga.
6537 6586 6402 6117 6278 6153 9532 10787
Jarrard, Ida Jaynes, Grace Jones, Annie Mae Jones, Lonah Annice Jones, Thos. Ambrose Jones, William Luther Jones, Cora B. Jackson, Elizabeth
Clarkesville
Ga.
Monroe
Ga.
Register
Ga.
Lawrenceville Ga.
Loving
Ga.
Thunder
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Edison
Ga.
8738 2926 6403 6280 6406 6405
Knight, Mary Keener, W. H. Kicklighter, Birdie Kimmons, Horner Kirkland, Kate Kirkland, Kathleen
Glennville
Ga.
Quartz
Ga.
Glennville
Ga.
Roy
Ga.
Ludowici
Ga.
Ludowici
Ga.
9094 Lynch, Ulysses 8604 Langston, Lilly 8605 Lathem, Quay
Cornelia
Ga.
Edison. ..
Ga.
Orange
Ga.
18
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-B CLASS
8788 Langston, Eunice 9092 Lonon, Mary E. 9093 Lowe, Katrenna 10557 Lawhorn, Alma, Mrs. 6600 Lane, Emma Cor ley, Mrs. 6408 Lanier, Clara 6481 Laniei, Irene 7142 Lee, Carrie E. 6601 Lee, Emmie 7143 Lee, Helen Chandler, Mrs. 6410 Lee, Mamie Ella, Mrs. 5477 Lennard, Willye 6062 Lewis, Essie Mae 5215 Lott, Aurel 9398 Lancaster, George
Edison Eton Oliver Leesburg Summit Pembroke Milford Ludowici Soperton Blakely Dover Pelham Cordele Douglas Mauk
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
3296 Mansfield, Lorena D. 6284 Mauldin, Ida Obelia 6484 Maxwell, Annie Lee 2652 McCamy, Nora Woods 5677 McCubbins, Ethel 7288 McDaniel, Gussie 6003 Merriman, Fannie 3305 Middleton, Alice 6490 Mims, lone 6602 Merriman, Daisy 8557 Minton, Miss Nettie 9704 Mathis, Dorothy
Rossville Copper Hill Whigham Cisco Jacksonville Rydal Vidalia Camilla Poulan Vidalia Kite McBean
Ga. Tenn.
Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. . .Ga.
6421 Norman, Byrdie
9133 O'Gilvie, Mary B, Mrs. 4766 Odom, Nannie B. 6422 Overstreet, Bessie
19
Dover
Ga.
Greencove Springs Fla.
Girard
Ga.
Oliver
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-B CLASS
9409 Power, Estelle Latimer, Mrs. 5685 Padgett, Annie Ola 6495 Paschal, Louise 7147 Perry, Charles Lee
880 Postell, Lena Voe 6340 Quinn, Ada 8058 Palmer, Lula F. 8398 Pendergrass, Leila 8449 Phillips, B. H. 8931 Parks, Jas. E., Mrs. 9135 Parks, James H.
Preston, Annie Opal
Marietta
Ga.
Glennville
Ga.
Cairo
Ga.
Donaldsonville. . . .Ga.
Sparks
Ga.
Baxley
Ga.
Marietta
Ga.
Commerce
Ga.
Calhoun
Ga.
Ashland
Ga.
Commerce
Ga.
Flovilla
Ga.
6200 Ramey, R. C, Mrs.
Wiley
Ga.
6131 Reese, Mattie Lou
Suwanee
Ga.
4784 Roberts, Margaret Elizabeth
Doraville
Ga.
6605 Rowe, Thelma
Dover
Ua.
7975 Rosser, Vernna
Greenville
Ga.
7980 8753 9540 10114 6589 7335 6298 5318 2573 6132 4800 6435 6345
Smith, Nina Lois Scruggs, Florine Shoemaker, Grady Smith, Helen Louise Sorrells, Laura Sellers, Louise Simmons, Walter F. Smith, Lorine Smith, Maggie Stonecypher, Lucile, Mrs. Spikes, Lena Stacy, Lucile Stephens, Margie
20
Cordele Morven Dawsonville Palmetto Monroe Emerson Jasper Pelham Morganton Duluth Griffin Taylors Creek Mystic
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-B CLASS
3486 6504
620 1015 6612 4239
Strickland, Lonnie 0. Stubbs, Forrest Stowers, Ollie Shell, Bessie Sherling, Nannie Kate Shocklin, Solinia
2581 6440 9300 10890
Taylor, Marie Turner, Dora Belle Thompson, Darthulia Odessa Turner, Myrtie
5536 White, Ora 6349 Wheeler, Willie May 6306 Whit field, Irene Smith, Mrs. 7154 Whitley, Ben 5639 Whitmire, J. W., Mrs. 6608 Whitworth, Roy 6448 Wilds, Mattie Lee 6510 Willis, Vorgio 6307 Withrow, Etta 6451 Womble, F. M., Mrs. 6088 Ware, Lutie Wyl 7367 Watkins, Lucile Cheney, Mrs. 7112 Watts, Aver, Miss 6089 Welch, Ouida Belle 6305 Wells, Edyth 9378 Webb, Alta P. 9418 Wells, Susie 2762 Whitlow, Lizzie 8141 Wilcher, Chas. H. 10129 Williamson, Lena 9379 Wingo, E. W., Mrs. 9629 Wingo, Edna
9630 Wingo, Ethel
9631 Wingo, Lula 9191 Withro, J. O., Mrs. 9107 Womble, Cora 8273 Waddell, J. A.
21
Jesup Parrott Dougherty Cartersville Sale City Atlanta
Blythe Millen Taff Lavonia
Greenbush Baxley Canton Camilla Bowman Mystic Glennville Cairo Ellijay Wrightsville Lumpkin Toccoa Tiger Buena Vista Chatsworth Brazelton Lincolnton Columbus Mitchell Donalsonville Palmetto Palmetto Palmetto Palmetto Dallas Rhine Brazelton
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY--A CLASS:
Application Number
6371 Aron, Josie 4826 Abercrombie, James William 2041 Abney, Irene 1792 Abrams, Eva Turner 6455 Absher, Blanche 3351 Adair, Ida Thelma 5945 Adams, Beatrice 4300 Adams, Cora 5709 Adams, Ernest C.
102 Adams, Julia Carlton 1249 Adams, Juanita
Garfield Douglasville Cochran Savannah Moultrie Rydal Soperton Sandersville Clermont Eatonton Reynolds
6170 Adams, Letha 7378 Adkins, Lena Grace 6372 Akins, Lottie 3233 Adkins, Mattie Ryan 6171 Adams, Ola 6032 Akins, Mae 2248 Albert, Sara 6373 Alderman, Mittie 5497 Alderman, Sylvester D. 1975 Aldred, George Nello 2150 Aldiidge, Nellie Elizabeth 5390 Alexander, Mrs. Fannie A Jones
106 Alfriend, Rosalie 107 Allen, Clauda 108 Allen, Crete 4415 Allen, Ferrye 6350 Allen, Lizzie Belle 7157 Allen, Sara Julia 2687 Alley, Freeman 6172 Alley, Tilden Graeme 3354 Allison, Mrs. Lester C. 7159 Almand, Hale, Mrs. 2443 Alsabrooks, Mary Fletcher 4981 Amason, Ruth 6137 Anderson, Agnes Graves 3355 Aman, Lula M. 7160 Ammons, John T. 4942 Anderson, Bernice
22
Lula Cordele Statesboro Vienna Canon Leesburg Ashburn Statesboro Arcola Graymont. . Tallapoosa Blakely Tifton Hiawassee Hiawassee Lenox Monroe Blackshear Clarkesville Clarkesville. Gainesville Good Hope Culverton Carlton Barnesville New Orleans Blue Ridge Duluth
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. La. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY--A CLASS.
Application Number
2613 Anderson, Julian Thens 6456 Ammons, Mennette 2239 Anderson, LaFreasa Marie 5393 Anderson, Meta Lucile 6576 Anderson, Myrtle 4943 Anderson, Pauline 5710 Anderson, Sadie 6374 Anderson, Venna Mae 2442 Andrews, Nannie Ruth 1256 Andrews, Thelma
113 Angel, Retta 4302 Anthony, Alice Inez
114 Archer, Matibel 6511 Arnett, Harvey H. 6577 Arnold, Lauia M. 4485 Arnold, Mary Selemma 3160 Arnold, Tommie Jutson 3161 Avia, Florine 3027 Arrington, Maiy Jim
120 Ashley, Ruby J. 7127 Ashmore, Florence 4417 Acworth, Clara Anna 1250 Atkins, Mae 4303 Attaway, Dorris 3235 Attaway, Roger S.
123 Auchmutey, Emily Ruth 125 Austin, Lucile 1260 Austin, Tommie Norine 127 Avera, Clarice Mae 4304 Avera, Marie Frances Smith 4986 Avery, Andrew 6099 Avery, Fiances Ghelene 6314 Avery, Theo. 5951 Aycock, Sara Elizabeth 126 Austin, Sara Francis 2878 Aiken, Josie Nina 4985 Arnow, Susie
Statesboro Lumpkin Matthews Good Hope Register Duluth Griffin Statesboro Greensboro Mussella Clayton Geneva Bartow Carrollton Madras Benevolence Benevolence Georgetown Columbus Coleman Hinesville Calhoun Leesburg Hazlehurst Avera Cartersville Alpharetta Selma Adel Athens Camilla
Covington Douglas Atlanta Alpharetta Statesboro St. Marys
23
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ca. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
122 Askew, Lillie Blanche 121 Ashmore, Berta 4648 Anthony, Glenn William 4647 Adams, Frances Myrtis 7790 Adams, Cleo Stewart, Mrs. 9547 Adderholt, Atiice 9726 Adderholt, Mabel 9274 Allen, Thelma Lena 8566 Adams, Charles N. 9326 Adams, George Willard 10725 Armstrong, Lina C. 10231 Andrews, Clara Smith 10311 Adams, Bessie 10137 Adams, Mrs. Nina B. 10011 Averett, W. L., Mrs. 8765 Adams, Geo. S., Mrs. 7948 Allaben, M. E., Mrs. 8352 Adams, G. W., Mrs. 8411 Alexander, Callie 8280 Averett, Lois 8355 Aycock, Emory Leslie 8938 Avery, Grace Dobbs, Mrs. 9193 Adams. Ferol 9196 Andrews, Josie Lee 9109 Armstrong, Constance E. 9155 Acree, Martha 9248 Allen, Jesse W. 8937 Arnold, N. Avery, Mrs. 1930 Adams, Bula
105 Alexander, Annette 9549 Andrews, Archie S. 9590 Allgood, Mary Elizabeth 9071 Allen, Emmie McDowell, Mrs. 10388 Anneberg, Annie Marie 10724 Allen, Montine 10445 Aimand, Nannie Lucile 10444 Adams, Carrie B.
24
Langdale
..Ala.
Carrol lton
. .. Ga.
. .. Ga.
Coolidge
. . .Ga.
Cedartown.... . . Ga.
. ..Ga.
. .. Ga.
. . .Ga.
Gray
. . Ga.
Washington. . . ...Ga.
Atlanta
...Ga.
Atlanta
. . .Ga.
Milledgeville... . .. Ga.
Buckhead
...Ga.
Atlanta
...Ga.
Ila
. ..Ga.
. ..Ga.
Jeffersonville. . . .. Ga.
...Ga.
Wrens
...Ga.
Blue Ridge . . . . ..Ga.
. ..Ga.
. ..Ga.
Toccoa
. . . Ga.
Clarkston.... . ..Ga.
. .. Ga.
Tallapoosa. . . . . .. Ga.
Maysville.... . . .. Ga.
Ga.
....Ga.
Cedargrove. . . . . . .Ga.
Covington.. . . . . . Ga.
. . .. Ga.
. . . . Ga.
Knoxville . . . . . . Tenn.
. ...Ga.
Preston
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
11169 10136 5835 10957 4416 7680 5839 8172
124 10945
Adams, Zeda Elizabeth Adams, Maude Adams, Edna Carey Allen, Willie Beall Allen, Merle Arnold, Jane K., Mrs. Ash, H. M. Atkinson, Virginia Aultman, Edna Ayers, Earl Pelham
4486 61Q1 7168 7380 2690
133 135 5643 5644 5397 6257 4489 2444 4651 7170 4990 3028 3032 7606 4991 7128 4306 3031 6375
Bacon, Ruby Baggett, Lillian Bagley, Aileen Bailey, Cicero C. Bailey, Ethel Paulk Bailey, Leona Barrett Baird, Aura Elizabeth Baird, Fred Hilliard Baird, F. H., Mrs. Baird, Lucile Balding, Lillian Bales, Jesse Ballard, Raymond Ballenger, Iliene Banister, Amy, Mrs. Banks, Aligene Banks, Cleo Myrtis Banks, Florence S. Banks, Ouida Pinson, IV Bankston, Miss Hazel Barker, Cora Barnes, Frances Barnes, Mary Barnard, Laura Belle
25
Thomasville Reynolds Calhoun Forest Glenn Lenox Atlanta Cleveland Greensboio Tifton Hartwell
Pembroke Campton Chatsworth Jefferson Blakely Rome Columbus Braselton Braselton Texas Waleska Alpharetta Medaryville Omega Cumming Glennville Meigs Pine Log Albany Jackson Pineview Jackson Americus Glennville
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. tGa. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ind. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
4418 Barnett, Cornelia Alma, Mrs. 143 Barnwell, Willie Edgar
4920 Barrett, Dorothy 4490 Barnette, Joe Max 4652 Barrett, Lucile 4992 Barron, Beulah 6173 Barron, Winnie 6139 Barrow, Eugenia 4493 Barrow, Lillie Mae 5647 Bartlett, Mary Lizzie 1268 Barton, Lou Reeta
148 Barwick, Kathleen 4494 Barwick, Stella Mae 7383 Bass, Julian Lamar 4994 Bass, Nellie Gordon 6213 Bass, Sinclair, Miss
183 Baswell, Allton 6102 Batchelor, Ella May 7384 Bates, Lois Leone 3029 Bates, Julia Lucile 3357 Bates, Ruby 4995 Baxter, Alma
155 Beamguard, Nelle 151 Beasley, Grace 5000 Beat, Eula Mae 1269 Beauchamp, Eloise 7387 Beaver, Bessie C, Mrs. 4496 Beckham, Annie 2882 Belcher, Ruth 4945 Belle, Annie Laurie 1270 Bell, Eros K. 157 Bell, Glenn William 6033 Bell, Marie Ethel 160 Bell, Martha Gertrude 5398 Bell, Will;am Paul 1996 Bellamy, Omar Wilson 4308 Bennett, Bertha Mae
26
Nicholson
. .Ga.
Gainesville
..Ga.
..Ga.
..Ga.
Cedartown
..Ga.
..Ga.
Clarkesville
..Ga.
Griffin
.. Ga.
.. Ga.
..Ga.
Pine Log
..Ga.
Soperton
..Ga.
..Ga.
Ashburn
..Ga.
. .Ga.
. Ga.
Ashville....... ..Ala.
. ..Ga.
Griffin
. ..Ga.
Cuthbert
. ..Ga.
Concord
. ..Ga.
. ..Ga.
Adel
. ..Ga.
Blakely
.. Ga.
Hazlehurst.... ...Ga.
Jackson
...Ga.
Morganton.... . ..Ga.
...Ga.
Brooklet
...Ga.
Swainsboro. .. . ...Ga.
... Ga.
Rooperville. . . . ...Ga.
...Ga.
...Ga.
...Ga.
...Ga.
Locust Grove. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
6034 164
5399 165
4657 5840 3545 7388
169 5001 2692 4658 6260 3164 7177 5958 3358 2259 1276 4496 1976 3551 5377 6579 4921 5715 2258 1277 5650
178
4498 5404 7449 3095
Bennett, Cleo Dean Bennett, Florence Bennett, Gordon L., Mrs. Bennett, Lester Bentley, Helen Carolyn Bentley, Thomas Wardel Berman, Rosa Berry, William W. C, Mrs. Betts, George T., Mrs. Biddy, Margaret Bird, Myrtle Black, Elizabeth Black, Hattie Black, Ray Blackstock, Delia Bland, Pearlie Ellen Blansit, Beatrice Blake Bledsoe, Eunice Irene Blevins, Opal, Mrs. Blissit, Charles Hay den Boatright, Lerita Bobbitt, Julia Hardwick, Mrs. Boddiford, Dewey E. Boddiford, W. J. Bogle, Grace Christine Bolding, Alda Lucile Boles, Thema Bollinger, Robert H. Bond, Silvey Bone, Joseph Alford Boswell, Marie E., Mrs. Booth, Arvis Olene Booth, Beulah Azalee Booth, G. K., Mrs. Booth, W. P., Mrs.
Cordele
Ga.
Adel
Ga.
Jesup
Ga.
Kirkland.
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Loganville
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Crawfordville Ga.
Ashburn
Ga.
Adairsville
Ga.
Metta
Ga.
Dublin
Ga.
Mineral Bluff Ga.
Clarkesville
Ga.
Kingston
Ga.
Thomaston
Ga.
Chattanooga.... Tenn.
Roopville
Ga.
Rising Fawn
Ga.
Palmetto
Ga.
Graymont
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Calhoun
Ga.
Ashburn
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Waleska
Ga.
Shellman
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Dewey Rose
Ga.
Bowman
Ga.
Sale City
Ga.
Butler
Ga.
27
VISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
tion Number
5547 Booth, Mamie Grace 3359 Boothe, Mary Hilda 7181 Bourne, James R. 6457. Boroughs, Ella 6351 Bowers, Agnes Ellen
185 Bowen, Elizabeth 186 Bo wen, Grace Izora 4419 Bowen, Rosa Ollie 5959 Bowers, Reba M. 4659 Bowles, H. R., Mrs. 4660 Bowman, Sarah Louise 5005 Boyd, Glenn 5919 Boyd, Fayne Futrelle 189 Boyd, Gladys Irene 4420 Boyd, Mary Florence 10959 Bennett, Lucile 10958 Beall, Frances 10735 Brooks, Grace Annette 11126 Bradley, Dovie 11123 Bowen, George Thomas 11127 Burges, Annie L. 10541 Blackburn, Frances 10393 Beard, Emma Gena 10319 Brown, Carrie Lucile 10734 Broach, Lucy Anna 10733 Brinkley, Mary Lee 10390 Barrow, Jewel 10313 Bates, Lucile 10568 Brown, Annie May 10727 Bacon, P. R. 10451 Benton, H. L., Mrs. 10731 Bellows, Lucy 10599 Bagwell, Virginia Johnston, 6130 Bankston, Sara Lillian 11195 Brooks, Harold Braselton
Conyers
..Ga.
McRae
..Ga.
Waresboro
..Ga.
Sycamore
..Ga.
Alpharetta.... ..Ga.
Tifton
..Ga.
LaFayette
..Ga.
Cotton
..Ga.
Canon
..Ga.
Gordon
..Ga.
Ringgold
..Ga.
Covington
..Ga.
Douglasville. .. ..Ga.
East Point.... ..Ga.
Cohutta
. .. Ga.
Abbeville
. ..Ga.
Forest Glenn. . ..Ga.
Lawrenceville. . . . . Ga.
Cochran
. ..Ga.
Cochran
. . . Ga.
Cochran
. ..Ga.
Adrian
. ..Ga.
Blekely
. .. Ga.
Macon
.. . Ga.
Rome
. ..Ga.
Faceville
. ..Ga.
Fort Valley.. . . ...Ga.
Millen
...Ga.
Smyrna
...Ga.
Hagan
...Ga.
Commerce
. .. Ga.
Danburg...... . . . Ga.
Lawrenceville. . ...Ga.
McDonough. . . ...Ga.
Pendergrass
Ga.
28
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
9487 Burson, Mildred P., Mrs.
Thomaston
Ga.
9521 Brown, Edgar J.
Seneca
S. C.
9518 Babb, Ruth Frazier, Mrs.
Dalton
Ga.
9454 Bragg, Lillian Chaplin
Savannah........ Ga.
9678 Bridges, Irene
Sumner
Ga.
9757 Blackwell, Elmina J. Rowan, Mrs. Cleveland
Ga.
9728 Bridges, Earline
Sumner
Ga.
9799 Barron, Aithur, Mrs.
Mountain City.... Ga.
9758 Brown, Eva Mae
LaGrange
Ga.
9932 Broach, Ruth T., Mrs.
Tallapoosa,
Ga.
9983 Brisendine, Thelma Carolyn
Griffin
Ga.
9929 Biggers, Lillian Livingston
Covington
Ga.
9981 Bernhardt, Sarah
Savannah
Ga.
9927 Bernhardt, Josephine E.
Savannah
Ga.
9844 Barton, Artemus J.
Armuchee
Ga.
9901 Barron, Ruth Elizabeth
Toccoa
Ga.
191 Boyd, Thomas Jefferson
Cecil
Ga.
190 Boyd, Kizzie Valerie
Flint
Ga.
2695 Boynton, Martha Catherine
Flint
Ga.
6516 Bridges Louise
Sharpsburg
Ga.
5012 Bridges, Maymie Ruth
Coosa
Ga.
4500 Bridges, Vannie Elizabeth
Brinson
Ga.
4941 Bright, Adams Stetson
Coolidge
Ga.
3033 Brightwell, Christine
Meigs
Ga.
6103 Bradbury, Bertie Desma
Winder
Ga.
4661 Bradford, LaNelle Moon, Mrs. Pine Log
Ga.
6352 Bradley, Rosa Mae
Campton
Ga.
7609 Brady, William Bascom
Mauk
Ga.
6214 Brake, Annie Lee
Culverton
Ga.
4663 Brake, Ora.
Culverton
Ga.
2696 Brand, Josephine
Grovetown
Ga.
7610 Brandon, Ethel V.
Stone Mountain.. . Ga.
6216 Brantley, James Winfield
Sparta
Ga.
5007 Brannan, Lena
McDonough
Ga.
5008 Brannan, Nellie Clarice
McDonough
Ga.
29
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
7394 Brannon, Roy Robert 5009 Bransford, Amanda Nadine 6215 Brantley, Gladys
196 Branyan, Lola 197 Braswell, Annie Laurie 6515 Braswell, H. C. 4313 Braswell, Martha Grace 5010 Bray, Clyde 4314 Brazier, Jamy Florence 6353 Breedlove, Pansie Anelle 198 Brewer. Dora Lena 3030 Brewer, Lulu Laura 5011 Brewer, Mary Belle 5843 Brewer, Ouida 2454 Brewton, Eva, Mrs. 4316 Brice, Hugh D. 4315 Biice, Mary Annie 3237 Bridges, Delia Miss 4499 Bridges, Foy 5962 Bright, Sarah Jane 7395 Brim, Frankie 6000 Biinson, Anna Mattie 7396 Brinson, Beulah 4317 Biinson, Margaret 5006 Bradd, Charlotte Marion 202 Broach, Mrs. Mamie Hill 203 Broadwater, Gertrude, Mrs. 4662 Bragg, Ruby Inez
207 Brooks, Linnie 4501 Brookshire, William L. 5013 Brown, Allean, Mrs. 1979 Brown, Alpha Lee 5963 Brown, Anna Louise 3034 Brown, Annie Laurie
209 Brown, Azalee 2044 Brown, Carolyn 6174 Brown, Boyd
30
Ashburn
Ga.
Williamson
Ga.
Harrison
Ga.
Danielsville
Ga.
Waynesboro
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Ochlocknee
Ga.
Crawford
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Campton
Ga.
Canon
Ga.
Ludowici
Ga.
Tunnel Hill
Ga.
Butler
Ga.
McRae
Ga.
Flowery Branch.. .Ga.
Flowery Branch.. .Ga.
Sugar Valley Ga.
Summerville
Ga.
Alamo
Ga.
Doerun
Ga.
Woodcliff.
Ga.
Millen
Ga.
Millen
Ga.
Dothan
Ala.
Rome
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Norcross
Ga.
Hoschton
Ga.
Fayetteville
Ga.
Garfield
Ga.
Kensington
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Bowman
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
8851 8852 8904 8854 8584 8636 8942 8945 9001 8768 9048 9073 9275 9110 9304 9306 9346 8999 9453 9422 8638 8684 5415 1296 7178 3362 7993 8288 8499 8810 8811 8812 5845 8292 8358 8519
Barrett, Maggie Nancy Beason, Renie Harris, Mrs. Blasingame, Jewell Brawner, Fiances White Brown, Effie Gene Bryant, Louise Y. Brooks, Conie Alberta Brumbelow, Gaynell Brantly, Grace Marian Bond, Tandie E, Miss . Bishop, Myrtle Wade, Mis. Bleckley, Carrie Elizabeth Bailey, Bertie Bower, Marie Brown, Annie Inez Brown, Elizabeth Bryans, Fannie Beck Boyd, Sadie Elizabeth Boatright, Opal Fayne Bond, Mary, Mrs. Bush, Esther Lou Butts, Maiy Butler, Anile Burge, Nancy Susan Byrd, Eula Elizabeth Bruce, Bessie L. Bridges, Ina Kate Brannon, Janie Lou Brown, Willie C. Bishop, Olive Brown, Inez Baggett, Mrs. Burke, Florrie Brooks, Daisy Cordell Bryan, Ola Russell Baldwin, Rhoda Opal Barnett, Florrie, Mrs.
31
Calhoun Rome Hawkinsville West Point Louisville Lyerly Nacoochee Decatur Dublin Eastman Hialeah Clayton Lawrenceville Dixie Cleimont Americus Dublin Comwell Villa Rica Moultrie Barnesville Eatonton Lily, Atlanta Logansville Pineview Sugar Valley Statesboro Bowersville Dublin Douglasville Quitman Luxomni McDonough Smyrna Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
1977 Brown, Dan M. 5964 Brown, Denner B. 1970 Brown, Evelyn Belle 6378 Brown, Joyce 2455 Brown, I line 5549 Brown, Lou Ellen 7398 Brown, Mildred C. 2701 Brown, Mildred C. 1978 Brown, Myra
217 Brown, Rubye Mae 2043 Brown, Sara Kittrell 1995 Brown, Susie Elizabeth 1980 Brown, Susie Love
218 Brown, Verna 5719 Brown, Viola Mae 5014 Brown, Willie Irene 4319 Brown, W. P., Mrs. 5015 Bruce, Edna 3363 Bruce, Hoyt Payne
220 Bruton, Sarah P., Mrs. 222 Bryan, Emma Tompkins, Mrs. 223 Bryan, Evelyn Moreland 225 Bryan, Janie Elizabeth 7558 Bryan, Penelope E. 5412 Bryant, Lucille Irene 5411 Bryan, May 5413 Bryant, Milton F. 227 Bryan, Tommie Ola 5016 Bryant, Lydie 6517 Bryant, Lizzie 228 Bryant, Milton, Mrs. 1294 Buice, David Roy 4505 Buice, Geo. W. 4669 Buice, R. Lee, Mrs. 4506 Buice, R. Lee 6141 Buford, Martha Sophronia 2045 Bullard, Miriam 231 Bullard, Nana Luck, Mrs.
32
Summit Dewey Rose Fitzgerald Summit Rochelle Washington Howard Milner Summit Swainsboro Cochran Garfield Canoochee Helena Hiawassee Union Point Franklin Ocilla Danielsville Adel Wrightsville Greenwood Adel Sandersville Tifton Harrison Blakely Adel Lexington Ellijay Blakely Suwanee Suwanee Suwanee Suwanee Barnesville Cochran Wrightsville
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
3167 Bullard, Wilma Robin 2142 Bullington, Mattie Lucille 2703 Bullock, Altha Marie 2704 Bullock, Hattie 1295 Bullock, Tankie Belle 1931 Buntin, Lorine 4536 Burch, Emmie Floy 6243 Burch, Faustine 3037 Burgess, Ruth 6261 Burke, Kathleen. 2780 Burman, Alice Louise 6142 Burnett, Annie Grace
233 Burney, Julia 3240 Burns, Allice Williamson 6140 Burns, Madge
235 Burns, Zelma Olene. 236 Burton, Claude 6175 Burton, Georgia M. 6379 Burroughs, Lera 5019 Busbin, Fay Belle 5020 Bussey, Elizabeth 3038 Bush, Janie Lynn 3574 Bush, Maude Claridy, Mrs. 4423 Butler, Annie Laura 3036 Butler, Annie Laurie 6039 Butler, Bessie 5550 Butler, Gertrude Elizabeth 3168 Butler, J. Clarence 6458 Butler, J. H., Mrs. 2620 Butler, Marjorie 238 Butler, Mary Ann 5021 Butler, Rubye J., Mrs. 5022 Butt, Henrietta Elizabeth 239 Byers, Olga Bailes, Mrs 2151 Byrd, Lema E. 3356 Barrow, Beulah Janette 7754 Barry, Mitchell
33
Camilla
Ga.
Gray
Ga.
Dallas
Ga.
Dallas
Ga.
Manchester
Ga.
Pavo
Ga.
Cadwell
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Lithonia
Ga.
Ogeechee
Ga.
Pinehurst
Ga.
Barnesville...."... Ga.
Monticello
Ga.
Hazlehurst
Ga.
Barnesville
Ga.
Tarrytown
Ga.
Ludvi'ile
Ga.
Culverton
Ga.
Cobbtown
Ga.
Lyerly
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Goggansville
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga..
Cartersville
Ga.
Goggansville
Ga.
Cuthbert
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Dewey Rose
Ga.
Chula
Ga.
Lincolnton
Ga.
Calhoun
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Buena Vista
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Tallapoosa
Ga.
Reynolds
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
6513 Bazemore, Theressa
7758 Blaylock, Susie Adams
159 Bell, Lula
7759 Bledsoe, Albert J.
"''
7760 Bledsoe, William E.
7761 Boggus, Fannie, Miss
7685 Bohanan, Bura
7686 Bowers, Grace Adaline, Mrs.
7393 Brawner, Addie Fern
7763 Brown, Vernie Lou
7764 Burch, Essie
7765 Butler, Martha
5400 Bentley, B. T., Mrs.
153 Beauchamp, Annie Lou
199 Bridges, Jeanie
7992 Barker, Lois Link, Mrs.
145 Barrett, Nolla Belle,
7369 Bolton, Louise
7870 Bolton, Mabel Elizabeth
8036 Brown, Gladys Geitrude
7399 Burch, Jewel
8103 Burch, Celestia
8096 Bagley, Mattie
1262 Baie, Ida M.
8583 Barker, Sadie
8631 Barksdale, Fleta
4827 Bell, William, Mrs.
2447 Bleckley, Kate
8719 Blackshear, Pauline D.
163 Bennett, Eleanor
8767 Bobo, Florine
7871 Boroughs, Jewell
3360 Bradford, Grace
7186 Briscoe, Loma
3361 Brooks, Goldie E., Mrs.
5410 Brooks, Luke
8770 Brown, Mary Loyal
34
Weogufka
Ala.
Summerville
Ga.
Oakwood Hall.... Ga.
Frolona
Ga.
Frolona
Ga.
Oxford
Ga.
Lithonia
Ga.
Blairsville
Ga.
Demorest
Ga.
Hiawassee
Ga.
Cadwell
Ga.
Barnesville
Ga.
Valdosta
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
Sparks-
Ga.
Lyerly
Ga.
Marietta
Ga.
Winterville
Ga.
Rutledge
Ga.
Woodbury
Ga.
Cadwell
Ga.
Dublin
Ga.
Chatsworth
Ga.
State Center la..
Eatonton
Ga.
Blakely
Ga.
Abbeville
Ga.
Clayton
Ga.
Dublin
Ga.
Tifton
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
Sycamore
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Logansville
Ga.
Logansville
Ga.
. Logansville
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
4829 Brown, Louis Leonard 8498 Brown, Mathilde 8520 Brown, Velma 8637 Burgess, Mamie Gertrude
234 Burns, Evelyn 10026 Burke, Louise 9424 Burghard, Margaret Meadors 10631 Brown, Cora Beatrice 10637 Ballard, Maiy Lena 9519 Bell, George A. 10025 Burgess, Julia E. 10144 Burns, Mary Sue
9900 Bagby, Lola Irene 10014 Banks, Emily 10017 Benson, Bessie Marion 10024 Buchholz, Bernice Young 10239 Bartles, Grace 10241 Bell, Lois Pearl 10234 Baker, Maude Thornton, Mrs.
9982 Betts, Zoe Clare 10012 Bailey, Blanche E. 10145 Bush, Mary Ellen 10140 Black, Fred G. 8200 Bagwell, Inez L., Mrs.
6315 Bagwell, Lillie Mae 11196 Bailey, Ruby 8201 Baldwin, Chester O. 8144 Baldwin, Dora Agnes
8173 Bass, Jessie Orr 12256 Bohler, Catherine Mary 11515 Boyd, Ella Mae 2278 Biooks, Henry S. 4504 Brown, Pearle M. 8203 Bruce, Emily 10322 Buchanan, Byrdie E.
Rochelle
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Douglasville
Ga.
Hayesville
N. C.
Hartwell
Ga.
Scott
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Pavo
Ga.
Zebulon
Ga.
Rhine
Ga.
Frolona
Ga.
Holly Springs . .. Miss.
Pulaski
Ga.
Barwick
Ga.
Chipley
Ga.
Clayton
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Doerun
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Ocilla
Ga.
Griffin
Fa.
Forsyth
Ga.
Cleveland
Ga.
Carnesville
Ga.
Broxton
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
Dallas
Ga.
Smyrna
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Carteisville
Ga.
Valdosta
Ga.
Ideal
Ga.
High Springs Fla.
Toccoa
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
35
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
6001 Cail, Corrie
Dover
Ga.
5025 Caldwell, Ophelia Jackson
Bairdstown
Ga.
242 Calhoun, Harvey Linton
Tarrytown
Ga.
6382 Calhoun, Odie Bell, Mrs.
Tarrytown
Ga.
1780 Camille, Stiles
Savannah
Ga.
5026 Camp, Anna Belle
Rome
Ga.
2971 Camp, Bertie
Toceoa
Ga.
5027 Camp, Josephine
Rome
Ga.
2260 Camp, Maidee Ellen
Whitesburg
Ga.
245 Camp, Mary Lou Kell
Cedar Grove
Ga.
3365 Camp, Nellie Fae
Lawrenceville Ga.
2125 Campbell, Emma Leonora
Monticello
Ga.
3368 Campbell, Emma Ruth
Bowdon
Ga.
6575 Campbell, Homer L.
Villa Rica
Ga.
5553 Canington, Clyde
Lumpkin
Ga.
5971 Cannon, Louise
Sylvester
Ga.
3241 Cannon, Ollie Montese
Ball
Ga.
5972 Cannon, William Clyde
Statesboro
Ga.
6262 Cantrell, Benjamin Jefferson
Newport
Ga.
249 Cantrell, Glenn P.
Rocky Face
Ga.
7613 Cantrell, Lano
LaGrange
Ga.
6578 Capps, Belle, Miss
McDonough
Ga.
5028 Carlisle, Marion Frances
Maysville
Ga.
2888 Carmichael, Ethel, Mrs.
East Point
Ga.
252 Carmichael, Macie Boyce
Moreland
Ga.
2249 Carmichael, Mildred Geraldine Ashburn
Ga.
5848 Carbine, Rachel Victoria
Atlanta
Ga.
7402 Carlyon, Mabel
Atlanta
Ga.
5554 Carner, Pearl Estelle
Rome
Ga.
6218 Carr, W. P., Mrs.
Jewell
Ga.
3040 Carr, George Paul
Harrison
Ga.
4508 Carreker, Ruby
Williamson
Ga.
3369 Carroll, Bessie
Norcross
Ga.
3244 Carroll, E. G., Mrs.
Rossville
Ga.
2460 Carswell, Laura Lorena
Decatur
Ga.
36
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
7129 Carter, Estelle Gertrude 1998 Carter, Gladys 1949 Carter, Martha Christine 2889 Carter, Mary A. 2023 Carter, Rena Mae 3370 Casey, Louise E. 3039 Cason, Ernestine 6177 Castleberry, G. D., Mrs. 4947 Castellow, Bettie 5725 Causey, Vivia LaVerne 2083 Cauthen, Geraldine 6219 Chafin, Vernon 2974 Chambers, Geo. Mayes 3247 Chambers, Margaret, 3245 Chambers, Sallie Mae 6263 Chambers, Vada Alma
260 Chamlee, Drusilla 3102 Chambliss, Caroline
261 Chance, Lois Mae 3041 Chance, Marion
263 Chandler, Mabel 4510 Chandler, Mary Lee 2975 Chandler, Roy D., Mrs.
264 Chandler, Rubye Gertrude 7206 Chapman, Sara Louise 4426 Chappie, Celestia 4512 Chapman, Eva Lillian 5030 Chapman, Marion 5031 Chapman, Sara 7207 Chastain, Mattie Belle 5033 Chastain, W. C, Mrs. 1301 Chastain, Walter R.
268 Chatfield, Mae Dickey 269 Chavous, Hope 270 Chavous, Lionel 1600 Cherry, Hammie C. 6002 Cherry, Lucy Floyd
37
Lake Park Apalachee Hart well Quitman Carrollton Marietta Pineville Dawsonville Americus Knoxville Zebulon Norwood Homer Homer Abbeville Fair Mount Woodstock
Broxton Gough Wrens Clermont Blakely Hull Rockmart Starr Sparta Barwick Ludowici Rome Morganton Ellijay Tiger Culloden
Dublin Dublin Savannah Buena Vista
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
4677 Cherry, Martha Lucile
Lumpkin
Ga.
4678 Cherry, Willie Kate
Lumpkin
Ga.
6027 Chesnut, Judith Dowd, Mrs.
TyTy
Ga.
3248 Childs, Millard G.
Ideal
Ga.
283 Clark, Leonora, Mrs.
Hoschton
Ga.
7405 Clark, Rosa LaDelle
Montezuma
Ga.
5039 Clark, Tommie Ruth
Cairo
Ga.
3623 Clack, Troy
Montezuma
Ga.
6581 Clark, Vennie Matilda
Mountain View. .. Ga.
7614 Clarke, E. Bernice
Blakely
Ga.
2845 Clary, Simon P.
Young Harris Ga.
6459 Clements, Lillian Estelle
Tifton
Ga.
3250 Clenney, Inez
Edison
Ga.
5421 Cleveland, Mattie Lois
Fowlstown
Ga.
6106 Chestnut, Alma Leona
Covington
Ga.
6318 Cliett, Etha
Broxton
Ga.
3373 Clifford, Laura Ben
Griffin
Ga.
4517 Clifton, Kelly Mann, Mrs.
Ohoopee
Ga.
5555 Childs, James Gidson
Jenkinsburg
Ga.
5556 Childs, Mae
Jenkinsburg
Ga.
1307 Clonts, Flora L.
Apison
Tenn.
6107 Clotfelter, Mae Edwin
Monroe
Ga.
5973 Clyatt, Carolyn
Nashville
Ga.
5041 Cobb, Mabel Louise
Blakely
Ga.
1308 Cochran, Essie
Blue Ridge
Ga.
2891 Cochran, Evalyn Pauline
Camilla
Ga.
6178 Cochran, Mary
Homer
Ga.
I
3251 Cochran, Minnie Blanche
Camilla
Ga.
1309 Cochran, Nell
Blue Ridge
Ga.
7406 Cockman, Maude
Alma
Ga.
291 Cofield, Mary L.
Blanton
Ala.
3042 Coggin, Thelma Louise
Covington
Ga.
5042 Coile, Florence
Winterville
Ga.
5043 Coker, Venice
Iron City
Ga.
4323 Cole, Oscar Earl
Hiram
Ga.
2261 Cole, Pearl
Bowdon
Ga.
38
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
5975 Coleman, Arthur H. 2240 Coleman, Carrie Mae
294 Coleman, Mamye 4682 Coleman, Nena 4950 Coley, Cleone 4951 Coley, Lula Belle .
295 Collier, T. P., Jr., Mrs. 296 Collins, Bessie 1962 Collins, Cartherine Kirbo 297 Collins, Essie Leone 6003 Collins, Nellie 5044 Collins, Sue Ellen 2977 Colvin, George Pierce Curry 5045 Colquitt, Sara Antoinette 7619 Colson, J. Byron, Mrs. 2708 Cone, Margaret N. 1316 Coney, Gippie Louise 1318 Conn, Ruth 300 Conn, Mattie Octavia 5654 Connell, Gwendolyn 3043 Connell, Vivian 7210 Conner, Evelyn N. 5976 Conner, Irene 4323 Conner, Ruby 2624 Connor, Ruth 7561 Connor, Thelma 7621 Cone, Anna Myrtice 7411 Corbitt, LaBlanche 2465 Cowart, Velma Sikes, Mrs. 2788 Cox, Foy 2709 Cowart, Allene 4685 Cooey, Hattie 5560 Cook, Albert Allen 6519 Cook, Amma 2464 Cook, Arkie 6520 Cook, Clarice 5854 Cook, James Monroe, Jr., Mrs. 6521 Cook, Mamie
39
Eastman Mitchell Mt. Vernon Doerun Moultrie Moultrie Junction City Toccoa Camilla Toccoa Register Toccoa Thomson Thomaston Richland Hubert Lawrenceville Mt. Vernon Rome Concord Wrens Jackson Abbeville Abbeville Halcyondale Pitts Cedartown Lyons Collins Fayetteville Garfield Quitman Milltown Madras Hemp
Texas Wrightsville Franklin
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
6109 5977 6462 4687 5035 4688 3252 5046 1319 1932 4689 7410 1950
306 4428
308 2978 6176 6463 5050
310 1321 3253 7132 5048 6143 4690 5049 6522 5051 1899 312 3044 3378 5979 5562 6466
Cook, Mamie Tuck, Mrs. Cook, Vena Redwine Cook, Vera Cooke, Allie Benton Cooke, Bessie V. Cooke, Mary Cooper, Daniel H. Cooper, Emma Ruth Coopei, Ethel T., Mrs. Cooper, Eula Cooper, Kate Cooper, Marjorie Cordell, Joel Cornelison, Thomas M. Cornwall, Linda Cornwell, Emma Geo. Cosby, Sarah Martha Ellen Cothran, William Jolly Cotton, Mabel Courtney, Nellie, Mrs. Cowart, Homer Charley Cowart, Kathleen Cox, Annie Betty Cox, Bernice Inez Cox, Carrie Frances Cox, Mary Rebecca Cox, Nellie Mae Cox, Susie Craft John Frank Craft, Leona Craft, Rubye Alma Craft, Ruth Crapps, Lola Marion Crawford, Annie Ruth Crawford, Nan Davitte, Mrs. Crawford, Velma Croy, Mrs. Esther Newton
40
Social Circle Palmetto Chula Whigham Rome Whigham Hoschton Alamo Atlanta Pavo Dallas Lincolnton Hartwell Estillfork TyTy Monticello Cedartown Martin Moultrie Charlton Alpharetta Garfield Calhoun Wadley Spring Place Forsyth Woodstock Attapulgus Elberton Maysville Thomasville Hartwell Hatcher Mize Rome Elberton Moultrie
Ga. Ga. Ga. GaGa. Ga. GaGa. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. GaAla. Ga. Ga. GaGa. Ga. GaGaGa. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
6144 Credille, Nettie Jewell
McDonough
1324 Crenshaw, A ice
Monroe
3171 Crew, Sara Bessie
Dallas
5856 Cromartie, Louise
Soperton
5980 Cross, Julia, Miss
Statesboro
4521 Crowder, Lillian
Griffin
6854 Crump, J. H., Mrs.
Carnesville
6179 Crump, Joseph Herschel
Carnesville
5981 Cullens, Jean
Alamo
6524 Cunard, Lena Mae
Starrsville
317 Curry, Jeffrie Gene
Shellman
4952 Curtis, Beulah
Calhuon
7881 Cullars, T. W., Mrs.
Lincolnton
5970 Campbell, Mary (Teasley), Mrs. Elberton
5651 Carpenter, Ethel N.
Atlanta
7689 Carswell, Alice Miller
Hephzibah
7774 Carter, Annie, Mrs.
Atlanta
7691 Coffey, Opal
Eton
7780 Collins, Miss Ethele
Rentz
5559 Combs, Lucille Mardelle
Washington
5655 Cook, Ethel, Mrs.
Bowdon
7692 Costephens, Mary F.
Resaca
7956 Corley, Lilla Goergiana
Colquitt
7995 Cannon, Rosamond
Abbeville
8106 Cleveland, Amy Lee
Fowlstown
8107 Cobb, Ella, Mrs.
Wastman
8231 Campbell, Ben, Mrs.
Rockmart
8293 Cawthorn, Virginia E.
Macon
8149 Chamblin, Mary E.
Grovetown
8233 Christy, Martha Louise
Danielsville
8296 Crawford, Zadie I., Mrs.
Appling
8856 Chapman, Annie
Holton
8858 China, Winnie Lee
Ludowici
41
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application
Number
8910 Conner, Ola 8911 Curd, Nena Joe 8952 Colquitt, Susie
Pavo
Ga.
Crandell
Ga.
Comer
Ga.
9051 Caveny, Nell Inez
East Point,
Ga.
9077 Connor, W. L., Mrs.
Cedartown
Ga.
9053 Cosby, Annie, Mrs.
Hogansville
Ga.
8432 Carmichael, Mittie
McDonough
Ga.
9277 drivers, Mattie Lou
Soperton
Ga.
9201 Christian, Mary
Quitman
Ga.
9114 Crowder, Tom
Kensington
Ga.
10031 Courson, Lora Minor, Mrs.
Devereux
Ga.
9595 Cooper, Mae Josie
Brunswick
Ga.
10030 Combs, Annie Bell
Washington
Ga.
10029 Colvin, Winnie Estelle
Atlanta
Ga.
10639 Clegg, C. B.
Griffin
Ga.
10146 Clark, Mary Etta
Lexington,
Ga.
9594 Cook, Lula Jane
Madreos
Ga.
10350 Canady, Bertha
Summertown Ga.
10621 Cagle, Buford S.
Lula
Ga.
10252 Cato, Odis Lee
Gainesville
Ga.
10254 Clark, Fay Watterson, Mrs.
Jonesboro
Ga.
5852 Cheek, Benjamin Franklin, Jr. Lavonia
Ga.
10326 Cooper, Lalla Wood
Tignall
Ga.
10664 Cheney, Emelyn
Carrollton
Ga.
11164 Cash, Rubye Irene
Hoschton
Ga.
11128 Connally, Lawrence
Cochran
Ga.
10946 Cason, Leila Maude
Hartwell
Ga.
10947 Cleland, Ida Pauline 11165 Crow, Adelyne
Hartwell
Ga.
Bogart
Ga.
I
10746 Coleman, John Andrew
Plainfield
Ga.
10471 Cox, Annie Ruth Adams, Mrs. Dougherty
Ga.
9328 Coleman, A. B., Mrs.
Carrollton
Ga.
9329 Conner, Cleo
Abbeville
Ga.
9384 Cain, Cora Hudgins, Mrs.
Dacula
Ga.
9456 Corliss, Julia
LaGrange
Ga.
9525 Corbitt, Duron Clough, Mrs.
Lyons
Ga.
9596 Cunard, Leila Ophelia
Monticello
Ga.
9640 Crawford, Madelyn
Blue Ridge
Ga.
43
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application . Number
9641 9052 9682 9760 9762 9552 9728 9804 9470 9937 4520 3170 8590
309 2910 5729 8591 8592 8546 4691 7880 7408 8038 7953 8640 8814 8813 2458 2973 4285 8685
273 4513 7877
278 4514
Crews, Alvin B. Chappie, Mayme Cason, Florence Clark, Mary Lee Cox, Anna Chesnut, Eunice Connor, Emelyn Spence, Mrs. Cox, Iva Elizabeth. Carswell, Connie Cain, O. D Copeland, Mary Cox, Louise Williams Cox, Merle Cowart, Bessie Cowart, Ruth Craven, Mary Crawford, J. W. Crawford, May Frances Crawford, Harriett E. Crowley, Edith Compton, Blanche Cook, Lynolee Clarke, Elizabeth Epting Chapman, Effie Combs, Cecil Collins, Clara Walker, Mrs. Carruth, Robbie Cagle, Lola Carter, Sarah Carithers, Kate Candler, Ruby Childs, Allie C. Cheatham, Edna Chapman, Bertie Christmas, Aline Clary, Mattie P., Mrs.
43
Bowdon Culverton Macon White Oak Gainesville Moreland Cave Spring Rockmait Decatur Dacula Whiteplains Alexander West Point Summit Savannah Cleveland Blairsville Dahlonega Summerville Thomson Gamaliel Dublin Savannah Griffin Frolonia Bartow Jefferson Epworth Meigs Elberton Danielsville Thomaston Danielsville Lithonia Leslie Pearson
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ky. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
8772 Colbert, Lula Moore, Mrs.
Penfield
Ga.
8643 Coleman, Floy Maxine
Damascus
Ga.
8586 Coleman, Rosalene
Doerun
Ga.
7879 Collins, Susie
Cobbtown
Ga.
8587 Colquitt, Ida Nabors, Mrs.
Winterville
Ga.
10323 Callaway, Jessie
Rayle
Ga.
2705 Camp, Eva
Toccoa
Ga.
10397 Carruth, Neva Lucile
Blue Ridge
Ga.
10961 Cheek, Ethel
Abbeville
Ga.
10982 Canady, Denta
Stillmore
Ga.
12259 Cheely, Louise
James
Ga.
10690 Cheney, Maud M.
Forsyth
Ga.
4949 Christian Raz
Richland
Ga.
11198 Clark, Laura Jean
Milner
Ga.
11197 Cochran, Ethel Dane
Griffin
Ga.
8234 Connor, Lois M.
Jackson
Ga.
10602 Crane, Emily
Dixie
Ga.
5731 Dake, Edith Dozier 6180 Dalton, Branson L. 6525 Danie , Addie Lee 2025 Danie , Annie Clyde 3626 Danie , E. H., Mrs. 1325 Danie , Frances Jeannette 7133 Danie , J. Bruce 6042 Danie , Jessie Clyde 3628 Danie , Neely Smith, Mrs. 6526 Danie , Viola 2024 Danie , Ruby Lynette 2026 Danie , Velma Lucile 2791 Danie s, Lora Mae 2790 Danie s, Lucile 5057 Darden, Frances
44
Douglasville
Ga.
Alto
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Keysville
Ga.
Ludowici
Ga.
Dawson
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Scott
Ga.
Scott
Ga.
Forsyth
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
321 Daughtery, Florrie P., Mrs. 4953 Davenport, Adeline Elaine 3104 Davis, Agnes 0. 4430 Davis, Bessie Evelyn 6587 Davis, Beulah May 6384 Davis, Carrie Belle 6385 Davis, Carrilee 4431 Davis, Eola Vivian 5059 Davis, Birdie 5429 Davis, Eva Jeannette
325 Davis, Gilbert H. 1327 Davis, J. S., Mrs. 6181 Davis, Lawton E. 4922 Davis, Sarah 6182 Davis, Thelma Eunice 5566 Davis, Trellie Irene 6527 Davis, Virginia 5061 Davis, Zadie Aurelia 6319 Day, Eunice Elaine 5859 Dean, Willie 6110 Deaton, Ernest H.
336 Debane, Erah 4695 DeFoor, Christie 1971 Deinel, Clara May 1330 Dekle, Marilee
335 DeLoach, R. A., Mrs. 4835 Dell, Blanche 6467 Dell, Willie Glenn 1624 DeLoach, Ruby, Mrs. 6564 DeLaoch, Lucile 6044 Dennard, Mildred 6043 Dennard, Ruth 7415 Denning, William V. 6045 Dennison, Essie Mae 3635 Denny, Donald W., Mrs. 1627 Dewberry, Wiley Otis 7626 Dewitt, Rosa, Mrs.
45
Adel Fitzgerald Armuchee Baconton Lawrenceville Summertown Statesboro Armuchee Sasser Cedartown LaFayette Jackson Baldwin. Dalton Martin Pavo Newnan Thomasville Broxton Danielsville Winder
Adel Sugar Valley Fitzgerald Statesboro Glennville Sumner Sumner Savannah Statesboro Weston Weston. Adolphus Cordele Atlanta Pooles Greenbush
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ky. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
337 2461 2896 2849 6528
339 2898 7417 7217 5064 2713 2468 4526 5987 5069 5066 4696 6320 2899 2626 1834 6223 3175 6469 4432 6167 6264 3644 1339 2152 2793 6005 2628 348 349 5067 5068
Dial Gladys Jean Dickey, A. Chandler Dicks, Thelma Leah Dickson, Ruth Dickinson, W. C, Mrs. Dill, Marion DHlard, Sarah Dixcn, Annie Mae Dixon, Martha Speer Dixon, Vivian Dobbs, Clovis, Miss Dodd, Lillian Donald, Nettie Mae Dorroh, Bertie E. Bradford Dreyer, Dena Baum Dozier, E. Z., Mrs. Dooly, Gladys Wylene Dorrity, Willie Belle Doss, Grace Estelle Doss, Samuel W. Dotson, Eva Louise Dougherty, Margaret Dougherty, Mary Louise Douglas, Data Mae Dougherty, Mary Georgia Douthit, Ethel Dover, Flora Dover, S. Irene Dowis, Susie Latham, F. F. Downey, Eunice Doyal, Eva Ethel Doyle, Lillian Estelle Dozier, Lamar B. Drake, Bertie Drake, Nola Drake, Ruth Callaway, Mrs. Drew, Mae
46
Tifton Beachton Hephzibah Crawfordville Union Point Cordele Moultrte Fayetteville Thomasville Fayetteville Wray.
Clarkesville Rydal Pine Log Dublin Damascus Moultrie Mystic Buford Thomasville Savannah Culvevton Statesboro Ashburn Culverton Cisco Ellijay Kirkwood Suwanee Tallapoosa Zeigler Zeigler Stillmore Adrian Adrian Union Point Richland
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
5989 Driggers, Stephen Alonzo 5071 DuBose, Louise M. 6386 Dubberly, Emily 4527 DuBose, Gladys Mary 5432 DuBose, Lois 6072 Duggan, Gladys 5659 Dugger, Annie Louise 5734 Duke, Sadie 1963 Dunnaway, Dorothy Oglethorpe 1340 Dunaway, Fannie Kate 1341 Dunaway, Frank 1342 Dunaway, Leona 4528 Duncan, E. S., Mrs. 4331 Duncan, Gibson 5073 Duncan, J. L. 5074 Duncan, Mary 3045 Duncan, Marietta 4529 Duncan, Rose Marie 6265 Dunford, Cora Lewis 4530 Dunn, Annielu 3259 Dunn, Cyllene, Mrs. 3386 Dupree, Oron 1982 Durden, Jim Willie 3046 Durden, Mary Elizabeth 3176 Durham, Walker H., Mrs. 6387 Durrence, Allie Lee 6006 Dutton, Eugenia Rebecca
2046 Dykes, Marie 2047 Dykes, Pearl 7693 Dalton, Docia, Mrs. 7783 Davis, Louise 7784 DeWitt, Mary Lou 7696 Dunn, Mattie Ruth 7785 Dunn, Nellie Vera 7627 Dooley, Roxie Reba 5986 Dixon, J. J., Mrs. 4831 Denton, Bernice Faircloth
Stilson
Ga.
Ludowici
Ga.
Glennville
Ga.
Ludowici
Ga.
Blakely
Ga.
Chester
Ga.
Nashville..' Tenn.
Wrens
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Lumpkin
Ga.
Lumpkin
Ga.
Lumpkin
Ga.
College Park
Ga.
Auburn
Ga.
Ellaville
Ga.
Arnoldville
Ga.
Auburn
Ga.
Chattanooga... .Tenn.
Canoochee
Ga.
Milledgeville
Ga.
Blakely
Ga.
Heardmont
Ga.
Graymont
Ga.
Graymont
Ga.
Woodville
Ga.
Daisy
Ga.
Egypt
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Tifton
Ga.
Sale City
Ga.
Sumner
Ga.
Sumner
Ga.
Jefferson
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Seville
Ga.
47
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
6494 3256 10605 9426 9457 5984 9473 9494 9645 9643 9492 9773 9946 9906 9943 9308 10477 10151 10261 10623 10622 10152 10574 7882 8726 8647 8775 8860 8861 8865 8567 8954 9159 9279 9251 9253 9309
Davis, Hughey Houston Dantzler, F. J., Mrs. Dominy, Fleta Davis, Ethel Eugenia Dixon, Seabie Davis, Floyd Finley Davis, Sammie Mace Dixon, Rossie Cecil Duckett Blanche Dorsey, Nell Allen Day, Clyde Moye, Mrs. DeLay, Mary Dunn, Leis Mildred, Mrs. Dorsey, Elsie Lucile Dent, Edwards R., Mrs. Duffey, Elanor Davis, W. A., Mrs. Dismuke, Pearl Williford, Mrs. Dellinger, Willie Amanda Denton, Isabelle Denton, Grady Dunn, Permelia, Mrs. Dunagan, Mary Lee Daniel, Henry Davis, Velma Drake, Lela M. Dugger, Pearl Davis, Clara Elizabeth Davis, Irene M. Dickson, Pearl Drake, Kate Davis, James Parker Duren, G. F., Mrs. Dockery, Grovie Dale, Angelle, Mrs. Diamond, Minnie, Mrs. Duke, Mary
48
Carrollton
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Dublin
Ga.
Vidette
Ga.
Ft. Meade
Fla.
Blairsville
Ga.
Clayton
Ala.
Whigham
Ga.
Lindale
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Donalsonville Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Wookey
Ga.
Pitts
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Conyers
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Caryville
Tenn.
Hiawassee
Ga.
Robbinsville. ... N. C.
Cuthbert
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Franklin
Ga.
Eastanollee
Ga.
Adrian
Ga.
Whigham
Ga.
Commerce
Ga.
Doerun . .
Ga.
Wrens
Ga.
Herndon
Ga.
Kenwood
Ga.
Redan
Ga.
Broxton
Ga.
Sparks
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
Wrens
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTABY-A CLASS
Application Number
9349 Dunn, Gladys Harvie 11166 Dalton, James Broughton 11130 Dean, Jarvis 11131 Dean, Julia Kate 11193 Dixon, Myrtice Inez 10978 Daniel, Mary Frances 10475 Daniel, Mattie Elizabeth
9944 Drake, Myrtle Ruby 7629 Dowis, Mamie Oliver 10969 Dewberry, Elsie 10974 Daughtry, Dorothy 10981 Dozier, W. P., Jr.
Ringgold Winder Cochran Cochran Avera Stillmore Newnan Adrian Duluth Stillmore Stillmore Stillmore
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
4698 Earnest, John C. 4434 Earnest, Theodore 4435 Eason, Lillie 2715 Easterling, Bonnie L.
358 Easterling, Luna Belle 5076 Eavenson, Lucile 4699 Eberhart, Lucy Margaret 6113 Edmonds, Willie Nelle 4532 Edmondson, Mattie V.
359 Edmonson, Pauline 360 Edmonson, Ruby Mae 5079 Edwards, Easterly Childresa 4700 Edwards, Margaret 6183 Edwards, Marion 362 Edison, Belle 2795 Elder, Lois Hilt 2251 Ellington, Myrtice 5434 Elliott, Ethel Clarice 364 Elliott, Karrie
49
Dallas Ranger Ty Ty Claxton Glennville Bowman Pendleton Dacula Meda Cochran Cochran Royston Atlanta Mt. Airy Camilla Albermarle Ashburn McDonough Clayton
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. N. C. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELKMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
3389 Elliott, Mary Louise 4701 Ellis, Geraldine 2900 Ellis, John R. 6388 Enecks, Dorothy Marguerite 2901 Engrfsn, Gertrude 2048 English, I. C. 4533 English, Rhoda Edna 6321 Enyedy, Mary 3110 Erwin, Nelle 1952 Estes, ETee Jewel
374 Ethridge, Alba 1347 Ethridge, Bertha 3048 Ethridge, BeuJah 375 Ethridge, Ruth E. 2903 Etheridge, Wm. Dewey 3264 Eubanks, Gra^e, Mrs. 1526 Enloe, NelJ Howard 4703 Evans, Jewell Crawford, Mrs. 380 Evans, Virginia 3111 Everett, Ruby V. 5084 Everett, Ruth Harriette 5569 Everton, Aloe 381. Everton, Sus'e Lydia 4436 Evitt, Willie Lou 11009 Edwards, Itice 7632 Eve Sarah Garland 7786 Eberhart, Clifford Gibson 7698 Edmoncfeon, Tommie Lee 8077 Eller, Millard 8594 Echols, Leon F. 8777 Evans, Mattie Sue 8436 Eldridge Nell, Mrs. 8817 Ethridge, Cecil 8299 Everett Mary Frances 8866 Elder, Lydia *D., Mrs.
McDonough
Ga.
Alpharetta
Ga.
Chattanooga... . Tenn.
Oliver
Ga.
Demorest
Ga.
Dudley..,
Ga.
Arnoldsville
Ga.
Saint George Ga.
Shellman
Ga.
Hartwell
Ga.
Grayson
Ga.
Dacula
Ga.
Vidalia
Ga.
Grayson
Ga.
Auburn
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Wedowee
Ala.
Jakin
Ga.
McRae
Ga.
Curryville
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Palatka
Fla.
Palatka
Fla.
Rocky Face
Ga.
Crawford
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Maysville
Ga.
Fayetteville
Ga.
Hiawassee
Ga.
Cornelia
Ga.
Wrightsville
Ga.
Tunnel Hill
Ga.
Milner
Ga.
Brunswick
Ga.
Ben Hill
Ca.
50
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
App'icat'on
Number
8864 Eskew, Hubert Dewit 8531 Echols, Elizabeth 9280 Ellington, Sara 9474 Evans, Isabel 10040 Edenfield, A. B., Mrs. 10332 Elton, Abfce 10153 Eason, Annie Belle 11132 Edwards, Willard T. 9254 Eason, Janie 9599 Edmondson Miriam 9601 Entrekin, Ezma Estelle 9600 Elder, Ruth 9907 Edwards, Hariette 9853 Earnest, Esther 7421 Earnest, Dameris 3108 Earp, Mamie Eva 3260 Echols Mae 5077 Eckler, Dorr is Launa 5078 Edwards, Dorris 10761 Eidson, Murtis Leora 5080 E'lerbee, Gladys 8179 English, Sarah Sue 4956 Ethridge, Mary Alice
Toccoa Jefferson Thomson Comer Ogeechee Alamo Manassas Eastman Manassas Morven Tallapoosa Macon Taylorsville Bowdon Jet Bowdon Brinson Ellaville Jefferson Doerun Albany Gertrude Veasey
Grayson
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga.
382 5741 6389 2252 5742 5085
Fain, Carolyn Elethia Faircloth, Bessie Mae Faircloth, Claudya Faircloth, Ella Mae Faircloth, Estelle Faircloth, Inez
Sparks
Ga.
Pitts
Ga.
Oliver
Ga.
Ashburn
Ga.
Pitts
Ga.
Marianna
Fla.
51
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
2981 Fallis, Eunice 6554 Farise, Taylor 3049 Farmer, Floreed 6224 Farr, Ila Belle 2253 Fairer, Mary Clyde 2153 Faver, Mary 4534 Ferguson, Myrtis Elizabeth 6529 Few, Sue Mamie Atkinson 4842 Fillingame, Lila Grace 5088 Fisher, Annie Cannon 7228 Fisher, Ben C, Mrs. 392 Fisher, Loys 395 Fite, Sarah Joyce 5089 Fitzpatrick, Hettie 4706 Fireash, Ruth 5091 Floyd, Florence Lucile 396 Flanagan, Flossie 1352 Fleming, B. S., Mrs. 6046 Fletcher, Audrey 5090 Fletcher, Mary 2478 Flowers, Jessie Pauline 1953 Floyd, Berry, Jr. 3266 Folks, Louise 5861 Ford, Bertha Angela 7702 Fordham, Walter 5092 Forehand, Smyrna 1997 Forester, James Max 6047 Forrest, Renia 6267 Forrester, Lemma 6266 Forrester, Tama Estelle 1353 Forrester, Nona 1643 Forshaw, Hester Cockrae 6148 Fortner, Flossie, 6391 Fortner, Madeline 5093 Fortney, Ruth P., Mrs. 5094 Foster, Earl C. 7231 Foster, Grace
52
Atco Lindale Lithonia Thomson Ashburn Tallapoosa Hawkinsville Madison Morris. . .. : Darien Hophzibah Lavonia Cartersville 11a
Donalsonville Georgetown McRae Augusta Bronwood Jenkinsburg Morganton Canon Waycross. Atlanta Rentz Cochran Head River Leslie Dial Dial Lawrenceville Savannah Meansville Kite Vidette Bogart Cartersville
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. '. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ca. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application
Number
4958 Foster, Lillian, Mrs.
Kingston
1964 Foster, Thelma Odessa
Dawson
7232 Fountain, Allie McCall
Hawkinsville
405 Fowler, Myrtie
Woodstock
5997 Francis, Annie Cooper, Mrs.
Alpharetta
5095 Franklin, Leafy Louise
Screven
1356 Franklin, Lila Gladys
Claikesville
4336 Frayar, Lettie
Rochelle
6007 Fi.azier, Alice
Adrian
2480 Freeman, Flore McCord
Flovilla
5097 Freeman, Lucile
Forsyth
2905 Freeman, Nellie McLishia
Jefferson
410 Freeman, Mary Josie
Waynesboro
1357 Freeman, Mildred W.
Talbotton
2481 Freeman, Rozzie Nell
Dublin
5098 Freeman, Ruby
Danielsville
9428 Fincher, Jeffie Anne
Canton
10333 Fariss, J. D., Mrs.
Atlanta
10159 Freeman, Zenith
Dalton
10045 Fowler, Flossie
Soperton
9430 Fountain, Hattie Humphrey,Mrs Adrian
3671 Foster, Alice
Atlanta
10042 Foss, Susie Mae
Statesboro
10271 Fitts, Mary Nell
Americus
10158 Freeman, Ruth
Rocky Face
10270 Fisher, Eula Lee
Cumming
10157 Fox, Grethel
Calhoun
10409 Fulghum, Celeste
Griffin
11123 Floyd, Mary Lou
Cochran
10334 Flynn, Lucy
Grovetown
10577 Fulmor, Annie
Vidalia
1841 Friedman, Anna Lou
Savannah
7234 Fulcher, Kathleen Estelle
Augusta
7235 Fulghum, Ella Wree
Warrenton
6354 Fuller, Tynethel
Atlanta
1965 Furlow, Lucy Douglas
Ameiicus
414 Fultz, Cleates L.
Salem
53
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga. Ga. Ind.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
415 Futch, Georgia Liggett, Mrs. 4837 Faircloth, Ava Aurelia 4839 Faircloth, Ellen 4838 Faircloth, Grace Margaret 4437 Faircloth, Marie
388 Felts, Ellie Mae 4840 Fenn, Robbie Kate 3265 Fiveash, Bettie Lee 7788 Floyd, R. C., Mrs. 1354 Fountain, Elease Myrtle 413 Fuller, Lena Earline 2906 Freeman, Venecia Odessa 7958 Fitzpatrick, Bonnie 111517 Farrell, Fannie Velma 6470 Ferrell, Annie 397 Flanagan, Thelma E. 10485 Forehand, Janie 11559 Fowler, Ethel Ruth 5744 Free, Edith 8778 Ferrell, Claude, Mrs. 7886 Flanders, George P. 8548 Floyd, Audry Clarice 8595 Forehand, Mary Ellen, Mrs. 8549 Futch, Carrie Lee 8820 Freeman, Fannie S., Mrs. 8502 Foreman, Myrtle 407 Free, Pearl Elizabeth 9116 Fraker, Blaine 9351 Forth, Marguerite 5862 Forrester, Nelle V. 9648 Finney, Mell Louise 7888 Free, Martin E. 9603 Flanders, Maie Boyer, Mrs. 9806 Finch, Katherine Elizabeth 7789 Folsom, F. B., Mrs.
Hahira
Ga.
Seville
Ga.
Pineview
Ga.
Seville
Ga.
Cordele
Ga.
Adel
Ga.
Rochelle
Ga.
Hahira
Ga.
Black Rock
Ark.
Mount Vernon. . .. Ga.
Rockmart
Ga.
Lawrenceville Ga.
Ha
Ga.
TyTy
Ga.
Cairo
Ga.
McRae
Ga.
Lilly
Ga.
Lawrenceville Ga.
Clarkesville
Ga.
Palatka
Fla.
Scotland
Ga.
Danielsville
Ga.
Lilly
Ga.
Nashville
Ga.
Conyers
Ga.
Norman Park Ga.
Clarkesville
Ga.
Chats worth
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Lawrenceville Ga.
Tennille
Ga.
Clarkesville
Ga.
Cobbtown
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Waycross
Ga.
4
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
3681 Gable, R. W., Mrs. 1954 Gaines, Anna Clara 5440 Gaines, Meta Claire 1901 Gandy, Myrtle Lucile 3050 Gardner, Cleone 5102 Gardner, Joyce Willie
420 Gardner, Willie Janet 2718 Garland, Hairy L. 6146 Garlington, Grace
422 Garner, Harry Beltz 6355 Garner, Hattie Ophelia 418 Garrard, R. C, Mrs. 2143 Garrett, Bessie Mae 5105 Garrett, Ethel 4338 Garrison, Cleo 7568 Gaughf, Jazee Estine 4708 Gaulding, Ivee 2241 Gay, Gladys Cornelia 6145 Gay, Lillie Opal 6392 Gay, Rubie Inez 6565 Gay, Susie
426 Geiger, Sara Elise 7636 Gentry, Jewell 2484 George, Ida Jewell 6471 George, Lizzie Henier 7241 Gibson, Louise 3397 Gibson, Felta
432 Gibson, Georgia Lou 2908 Gibson, Stella Odelle 6147 Giles, Evie Lorena 4539 Gilbert, Wm. J., Mrs. 4339 Gilbert, Zemmie Ruth
433 Gill, William 7639 Ginn, Nelle 7638 Ginn, Mary Sue 2796 Girardeau, Rubye 435 Gissendaner, Eva Maxine
55
Atlanta Canon Calhoun Thomasville Warwick Townsend Alpharetta Toccoa Milner Luxomni Luxomni Dublin Round Oak Luthersville Brookton Moultrie Concord Matthews Sunny Side Garfield Garfield Meldrim Newnan Lee Pope Blakely Butler
Hiawassee Jackson Athens Auburn Atlanta Oconee Buena Vista Carnesville Carnesville Willie Sylvester
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. -. -Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
437 Gladney, Benjamin Felix, Mrs. 2144 Glawson, Eula Inez 438 Glawson, William Reid 3051 Gleaton, Martha Eva 5112 Glenn, Mary Magdalene 5113 Glenn, Willie, Mrs. 440 Goddard, Leila 6323 Goodwin, Beady Beatrice 6472 Godwin, Essie Verna 2486 Goodwin, Trudie A. 5116 Goo sby, Bernice Beatrice 1846 Gordon, Dorothy 7246 Goidon, Gladys Martha 444 Gordon, Nan Logan, Mrs. 447 Gould, Jewel A. 425 Gaulding, Luther Willard 449 Graddy, Minnie Carolyn 5117 Graham, Emmie Loaine 5118 Graham, W. B., Mrs. 6356 Grant, Edna Aimontine 453 Grant, Maudrie Ree 3271 Gray, Agnes 1955 Gray, Eunice Julia 6531 Gray, Macy Bishop 5119 Green, Elo, Mrs. 2049 Greene, Lamar Quency 6271 Green, Mary Lena 6394 Green, Margaret Irene 3400 Greene, Mattie Lou 5120 Green, Nannie 5121 Greene, Thelma 2910 Greene, Thompsie Lea 4926 Gregory, Ruth 457 Gresham, Florence 3053 Griffen, Eula 2027 Griffin, Lawrence Owen
56
Atlanta Bradley Fort Valley Huntington Athens Athens Griffin Douglas Rebecca Springvale Milford Savannah Columbus Rome New Holland Tifton Adel Hamilton Ft. Gaines Chamblee Clarkesville Camilla Hartwell Americus Allentown Cochran Ball Ground Sylvania Iron City Danville Blakely Portal Dalton Griffin Gibson Carrollton
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
460 Griffin, Sarah E. 6474 Griffin, Tallulah Ophelia 462 Griffith, Walter A., Mrs. 461 Gi iffith, Walter A. 3178 Griggs, Nannie J. 5443 Grimes, Nell 3179 Grimsley, Mary Alice 3403 Grimsley, Francis S. 1371 Griver, Fannie 1665 Groff, Mabel 6244 Grogan, Lula Parks, Mrs. 6245 Grogan, Raymond G. 2154 Grover, Jewell Jeanette 2228 Groover, Macy Orita 5122 Gross, Henry Lea 1372 Grusin, Irene
464 Guerry, Mary Augusta 465 Guest, George Nicholson 466 Guest, Laura Maxine
6393 Guann, Ola Marie 2911 Gunter, C. S., Mrs. 8051 Gunn, Nellie Mae 7571 Gunnin, Elizabeth 3402 Gurley, Eileen 1956 Gurley, Hoyt Linton 7250 Guthrie, Bertha, Mrs. 7891 Garner, J. S. 7960 Garrett, Josie P., Mrs. 4844 Gilliam, Dallas H. 8648 Goodwin, Addie Lou
8781 8240 8870 9118 9083 9178
Groover, Hugh Gunby, Louise Gainey, Mattie Grimes, Chloe Graham, Willa V. Golightly, H. T., Mrs.
57
Rome
Ga.
Leary
Ga.
Armuchee
Ga.
Armuchee
Ga.
Powder Springs .. Ga.
Elberton
Ga.
Blakely
Ga.
Blakely
Ga.
Reynolds
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Empire
Ga.
Empire
Ga.
Tallapoosa
Ga.
Metter
Ga.
Adams
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Montezuma
Ga.
Tifton
Ga.
Tifton
Ga.
Stillwell
Ga.
Buford
Ga.
Vienna
Ga.
Union Road N. C.
Newnan
Ga.
Cannon
Ga.
Morganton
Ga.
Rockmart
Ga.
Doerun
Ga.
Register
Ga.
Marietta
Ga.
Marietta
Ga.
Lincolnton
Ga.
Cairo
Ga.
Colquitt
Ga.
Milner
Ga.
Fairburn
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
9282 Gordon, Alice
Ludowici
Ga.
9257 Groover, Mildred
Clyo
Ga.
9433 Grant, Oscar A.
Milan
Ga.
448 Gaulding, Mary Elizabeth
Tifton
Ga.
1105 Glenn, Patsy
Chattanooga.... Tenn.
9604 Geiger, Lois Horton, Mrs.
Cuyton
Ga.
5442 Gilland, O. O.
Austell
Ga.
8302 Griffin, Edna I.
Cedartown
Ga.
9336 Gilbert, Katie VanHouton, Mrs. Macon
Ga.
5110 Giles, Maggie Young
Donalsonville Ga.
9055 Gardner, Thos. J.
Goggansville...... Ga.
9691 Greene, Tom Eddie
LaFayette
Ga.
9690 George, Miriam
Rome
Ga.
9734 Grimwood, Florence M. Nichols Statham
Ga.
9909 Griffith,,Sallie Echols, Mrs.
Philomoth.
Ga.
10048 Gilmore, Lillian
Rebecca
Ga.
10046 Garmany, Jennie May
LaFayette
Ga.
10047 Gibbs, Julia Osborne, Mrs.
Alley
Ga.
7791 Gilligan, Ethel Roberta
Atlanta
Ga.
10977 Griffin, Wrynita
Stillmore
Ga.
10489 Green, William Dan
Soperton
Ga.
4707 Gainey, Eugene Malone, Mrs. Cairo
Ga.
5099 Gaines, Etta Mae
Bowman
Ga.
5100 Gaither, Pauline Billups
Covington
Ga.
5101 Gamble, Carrie E.
Summerville
Ga.
5106 Garrett, Georgia V.
Loganville
Ga.
5107 Garrett, Iris
Loganville
Ga.
7703 Garrett, Jessie
Carrollton
Ga.
5108 Garrett, Lucile
Loganville
Ga.
5109 Gee, Josie Claude
Camilla
Ga.
456 Greene, Maude A.
West Point
Ga.
5125 Gurley, Maude
Ha
Ga.
6114 Gardner, Carrie Bell
Covington
Ga.
6185 Gastley, Margaret Oma
Clarkesville
Ga.
4709 Gibbs, Ethlene
Social Circle
Ga.
4710 Gibson, Wilibel
Norwood
Ga.
3177 Ginn, Rebie Moss
Royston
Ga.
8
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
4845 Gober, E. A., Mrs.
Valdosta
6270 Goble, Jos. H. 4544 Griffin, Birdie Mae
Talona Cedartown
5444 Grovenstein, Fannie Mason, Mrs Oliver
8002 Griffin, Bobbie M., Mrs.
Georgetown
8044 Garrison, Myrtle
Homer
8080 Garner, Andrew
Rockmart
8081 Grinstead, Nora
Rentz
11170 Gordon, Hilda Ociedle
Valdosta
11171 Griffin, Irene Louise
Thomasville
10703 Glenn, Eunice Toole
Richland
11190 Glover, Rosa M.
Stapleton
5998 Gaines, Emma
Apalachicola
12261 Gignilliant, Lila
Pineora
111518 Goodwin, Edna M.
Rebecca
111519 Gray, Anne Lee
Ty Ty
8153 Green, Carrie
LaFayette
8181 Griffieth, Frances G.
Bogart
10412 Griffin, Frances E.
Hampton
6396 Groover, Thelma
Statesboro
Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
471 Hackney, Irene 1374 Haddock, Dorothy 2912 Hagin, Bertha 6397 Hagin, Louise 472 Hagin, Ellen 3274 Hair, Emma Ruth 5126 Hale, Evelyn 3275 Hale, Allie B. 5747 Hale, Mildred Zerinne
475 Hall, Beatrice
59
Blue Ridge Shellman Statesboro Statesboro Rome Dalton Winterville Flat Rock Fitzgerald Adel
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga.
Application Number
476 7640 6398 6399 6566 885 2487 477 4546 6056 7004 7252 7006 3054 4341 5128 4960 3405 5447 3113 4548 5130 5129 7573 5448 7253 5131 484 1402 2913 5132 6325 6567 1670 488 2254 6532
Hall, Bernice, Mrs. Hall, Dora Hall, Gretel, Hall, Inez Lucile Hall, Isabel Hall, Mamie Louise Hall, Octavia Hall, Pearl Agnes Hall, Sarah Brannen Halley, Lynda Lee Hallford, James F. Hallford, Ralph C. Hamlin, Martha Beatrice Hamm, Claudia Larette Hammett, Grace Hahn Hammett, Nelle Hammond, Fannie Jenkins, Mrs Hammock, Thelma Hancock, Hettie Hancock, Lola Hand, Elizabeth Hand, Lillian Mary Hand, Radye Haney, Veda Hankey, Kathryn E. Hannah, Mattie Sue Happoldt, Bessie Harbig, G. L., Mrs. Harbin, Frankie, Hardee, Leona Rebecca Hardeman, Nina, Harden, Gladys Hardin, Rubye Hardy, Emily Bell Hardy, Eula Mae Hardy, John Mallory Hargett, Elizabeth S.
Cornelia Elberton Norristown Norristown Statesboro Cochran Clayton Swainsboro Statesboro Tazewell Demorest Demorest Macon Moultrie Leslie Metter Sylvester Ocilla Doerun Doerun Rome Climax Climax Calhoun Helena Luxomni Lewiston New Holland Waycross Atlanta Athens Ocilla White Savannah Monticella Sycamore Hamilton
60
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. . .Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTALY-A CLASS
Application Number
490 Hargreaves, Ruth 492 Hargrett, Leila 4549 Hargrove, Mary Lucy 5134 Harlow, Nannie_ 493 Harmon, 0. T. 5162 Harpe, Fanny 7574 Harper, Gilbert, Mrs. 5449 Harper, Julia 6272 Harper, Lester 5583 Harrell, Blanche Willis 3277 Harrell, Nettie Burch 7254 Harrell, Ruth . 5751 Harrington, Jos. B. 5135 Harris, Alice Pope 498 Harris, Anna Lois 4961 Han is, Annis Laura
6475 Han is, Clyde 499 Harris, Basil 6357 Harris, Bonnie Odessa 4344 Harris, Eulia Florence 4550 Harris, John White 7575 Harris, Lucy K. 4962 Harris, Mary Ruth 5136 Harris, Mauline 1378 Harris, Pearl 5137 Harris, Ruby Estelle 5754 Harriss, Willie M., Mrs. 504 Harrison, Earnest Justus 2263 Harrison, Guthrie Mae 506 Harrison, Mary Louise 2264 Harrod, Edith Edelle 5139 Hartley, Ruby Estelle 7010 Hartley, Wynema 4552 Harvey, Cora Lee 5140 Harvey, Gladys 509 Harvey, Mary 5141 Harvey, Rhobena
el
Waresboro Tifton Milledgeville Iron City Commerce Leslie Wray Wray Cartecay Chauncey Eastman Doerun Morven Elberton Toccoa Pavo
Blakely Tifton Oxford Roberta Eton Woodland Buena Vista Bowman Grayson Fort Valley Harlem Eastnollee Burwell Scott Bowdon Camilla Alamo Glennville Jakin
Norman Park Pembroke
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
7642 Harvey, Ruth 886 Harville, Bessie 510 Harville, Ennie Irene 7011 Harville, Lucia 7256 Hasty, Lucile 5453 Hatcher, Leland Elwood 2127 Hatfield, Elvy Dolres 6326 Hattaway, Elizabeth 5142 Hattaway, Emily Adams, Mxs. 512 Hattaway, Leila 5755 Hawkins, Christine 2085 Hawkins, Florrie Lee 2409 Hayes, Atria Adella 6400 Hayes, Elvira 1380 Hayes, Kathleen Napier 6533 Haymore, Pauline 5143 Haynie, Frances Wilma 2491 Harris, Nellie Simmons, Mrs. 2503 Howard, Nan 572 Hunt, Georgia Sarah 2155 Head, Sara Louise 5668 Hearn, Cora 6052 Heath, Jessie 4723 Heirs, Grace 1383 Heisler, D. F., Mrs. 2492 Helmey, Annie Lucile 6008 Hendricks, Cleo Belle 528 Hendry, Pauline 3182 Hemphill, Beatrice 2799 Hemphill, Bessie 5757 Henderson, Ethel 3411 Henderson, Ethel Mayo, Mrs. 525 Henderson, Louise 2156 Hendon, Harold Elton 6534 Hendon, Lynn C. 3114 Hendricks, A. G. Jr. 5144 Hendry, Lois
62
Pembroke Cochran Cochran Cochian Doerun Screven. Monticello Glenwood Davisboro Summit Macon Zebulon College Park Covena Camilla Rutledge Lexington Buena Vista Columbus Tunnel Hill Tallapoosa Franklin Howard Barney Cairo Marlow Metter Adel Ramhurst Ramhurst Adairsville Apopka Flovilla Roopville Wehadkee Union City Ludowici
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ..Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga: Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENT ARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
4722 Henson, William A. 4721 Henson, Zealure, Mrs.
530 Heritage, Fannie B., Mrs. 3115 Herndon, Minnie Lee 3412 Herndon, Ruth 5145 Herring, Maude 2915 Herrington, Lula 7257 Heyward, Mary Law 6186 Hicks, Grover L., Mrs. 6187 Hicks, Robert Hawkins
534 Hicks, Lillian Florence 1384 Higdon, Benjamin Grayson 6358 Higginbotham, Lucile
5147 Higgins, Bernice 2052 Higgins, Delzie Elizabeth 4554 Hildreth, John H., Mrs.
2494 Hill, Annie
5150 Hill, Elsie 535 Hill, Elizabeth Florence
7437 Hill, Ellie Mae 3279 Hill, Evalyn 6188 Hill, Kathyrn Grace
1387 Hill, Lois 5148 Hilburn, Lucille Inman
2145 5151 3055 6246
Hill, Mildred Hill, Rebecca Hill, Wilma Hilton, Wm. Beauregard,
6054 Hines, Annie Kate 2987 Hinton, Claire Bostwick
538 Hinton, Lucile 7258 Hise, Laura,
7016 Hisc, Mae 5152 Hobbs, Bernice Ruhamer
6274 Hobson, William D. 7259 Hodges, Corinne Cotton, Mrs.
2498 Hodges, Ellen Inez
63
Young Harris Young Harris
Jesup Mayfield Canon Douglasville Lawrenceville Warwick Godfrey Clarkesville Wrightsville Copperhill Danielsville Jackson Gresston Howard Clayton Sylvania Acree Byronville Dawson Clarkesville Vienna
Dublin Crumps Park Athens Cobb Vidalia Americus High Shoals Ft. Valley Kensington Kensington Harlem Jasper Decatur Claxton
Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Tenn. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
7018 Hodges, Lois, 2719 Hodges, Mrs. Raymond G. 5669 Holcomb, Annie Mae 3116 Hodges, Willie Mary 5456 Holcomb, Joseph 5154 Holden, Lillian 5457 Holden Naomi Clara 5156 Holland, Belle 2918 Holland, Benj. Hill
542 Holland, Lillian Virginia 543 Holliday, Kate 6058 Holliday, Ida 2053 Holliday, Marie 3280 Hollis, Clarice 3281 Hollis, Lilybel 5156 Hollis, Marcia Fay 5157 Hollis, Tommie Louise 7019 Hollomon, Lillie Susie 6477 Hollomon, Shelton, Mrs. 5670 Holmes, Arthur B., Mrs. 5158 Holmes, Lollie 2636 Holt, Euman Miles 3185 Holton, Annie Maude 7445 Home, Kate Ward 5972 Home, Lillian Gertrude 3120 Hood, Louise 548 Hood, Ruth Mae 1396 Hooks, Blanche 1984 Hooks, Mildred Rebecca 1985 Hooks, Nadine 5159 Hopkins, Bessie 5160 Hopkins, Connie 549 Hopkins, Florence 3418 Hopper, Mrs. Carrie Lucile 550 Hopper, Katie 6226 Hopper, Leola
Oconee Groveland Menlo Hogan Eton White Plains Eatonton Hamilton Statesboro McRae Athens Cordele Rochelle Madison Madison Rutledge Rutledge Richland Dawson Carrollton Rayle Fairmount Davisboro Meansville Cochran Concord Sparta Woodbury Summit Summit Crawford Crawford Savannah Cedartown Blue Ridge .Washington
64
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONALEL; EMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
3419 Hopper, Nellie 6247 Home, Bessie Lois 2054 Home, E. M., Jr. 5460 Home, Gladys 2805 Home, Jewel 5461 Home, Mildred Claire 6248 Home, Sara Frances 7263 Home, Vera Jeanette 5163 Horton, Madge 3420 Houston, Florrie Mae
557 Houston, Naida 4351 Howard, Martha 4728 Howell, A. S., Mrs. 6057 Howell, Eva Grace 6535 Howell, Mary 10170 Huber, Allie Belle 3056 Huber, Alma Jeter 1400 Huckeba, Gladys 2921 Hudgins, Bessie P., Mrs. 7264 Hudgins, Eunice Ethel Baird 7446 Hudgins, Pearl 5166 Huff, Nellie Florine
473 Haisten, Juanita LaVerte 9807 Haynes, Lorena 9255 Holley, Martha Eliza 9856 Holton, Wynelle 9697 Hudson, Annie 9958 Huson, Winifred 9991 Hornsby, Evie B. 9913 Hodges, Agnes Lucile Mackey 9989 Hart, Vera Ethel 9953 Hanson, Irene 9952 Hallyburton, E. H., Mrs. 10932 Harville, Pauline 10931 Hartley, Anna Mara 10058 Hooper, Artie Lucile 9696 Horn, R. L., Mrs. 10059 Home, Lois
65
Cedartown
Ga.
Cochran . . .
Ga.
Empire
Ga.
Lumpkin
Ga.
Lumpkin
Ga.
Vienna
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Blakely
Ga.
Damascus
Ga.
Manchester
Ga.
Ingleside
Ga.
Pineview
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Dallas
Ga.
Flowery Branch.. . Ga.
Bolton
Ga.
Flowery Branch... Ga.
Hutchings
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Clermont
Ga.
Fort Gaines
Ga.
Mt. Airy
Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Iron City
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
Pavo
Ga.
LaFayette
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Alamo
Ga.
Alamo
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Brinson
Ga.
Norman Park Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
10172 10056 9911 10278 5462 10413 8827 8828 8388 8442 ,8416 8463 8242 8306 8246 8247 8309 8312 8365 8526 8918 8649 8964 8965 9008 7802 3278 4720 4849 7577 4348 3183 6009
533 4850 4724 7709
Huson, Frances Brownie Henson, Flossie Helton, Cora Estelle Hogsed, Delsie L. Huber, Alice Belle Headden, Marie Humber, Herbert, Mrs. Humber, R. I., Jr., Mrs. Harmon, Daisy Belle Hoereth, Frank Peeples, Mrs. Huff, Queenie Elizabeth Hendrix, Lilla E. Harden, Lilian Henry, Mary Louise, Mrs. Hopper, John W. Joward, Vera D., Mrs. Holt, Jewell Hunter, Sara, Mrs. Haynie, Bessie Sue Hendren, William Mayhew Hainey, Robert White Hill, Lora Belle Hammontree, Floy Holcomb, Lee Hammond, Donald, Mrs. Hattaway, Ruby E. Hawkins, Richard A. Henderson, Lucile Hendricks, Annie Lee Hensley, Hattie Mae Herring, Lee F., Mrs. Heyward, Helen Hazel Herrington, Ola Hicks, Annie Mae Hightower, Alice Hightower, Maude W., Mrs. Hill, Carrie
66
Covington
Ga.
Winder
Ga.
Toomsboro
Ga.
Dacusville
S. C.
Moultrie
Ga.
Cassville
Ga.
Lumpkin
Ga.
Richland
Ga.
Waleska
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
LaGrange
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Elza
Ga.
Morganton
Ga.
Blue Ridge
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Sandersville
Ga.
Woodville
Ga.
Stone Mountain.. .Ga.
Elkin
N. C.
Watkinsville
Ga.
Montezuma
Ga.
Chats worth
Ga.
Eton
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Blackshear
Ga.
Talmo
Ga.
Irwinton
Ga.
Rochelle
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Grayson
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Sardis
Ga.
Montezuma
Ga.
Goggansville
Ga.
Dahlonega
Ga.
Graymont
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
1390 Hinton, Pattie F., Mrs. 3415 Hiscock, Grace 3416 Hiscock, Joan 3184 Hodges, Annie Bettie 4555 Hodges, Sadie, Mrs. 2500 Holden, Clyde W. Mrs. 7442 Holt, Bertha 4727 Holt, Mildred H. 4350 Hopkins, Ethel Juanita 4559 Hughes, Aubie 4352 Hughes, Leila Grace 4731 Hunt, Mary Kane, 5173 Hutcheson, Mattie 8046 Hitchcock, Eunice, 8047 Holloway, Leila Bell 8008 Hudgins, Daisy L., 8045 Hendry, Aileen 8007 Hice, Clara 8116 Haynes, Anna Mae 9161 Hairston, W. T., Mrs. 9011 Hicks, H. Lee 9205 Hackney, Lula Burton 9206 Hambrick, Crittenton T. 9120 Harrison, Green Gaynor 9283 Hasty, Lena 9124 Hunter, Eva Lucile 9122 Hillis, Lillian 9013 Hines, Ethel 9259 Hunter, John G. 9355 Hogan, Rosella K. 9435 Hudson, Ruby 9436 Huey, Mary L., Mrs. 9476 Haynes, Hulda
527 Hendricks, Louise 9434 Haygood, Nannie Belle
67
Greenville
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Claxton
Ga.
Sandersville
Ga.
Clayton.
Ga.
Milledgeville
Ga.
College Park
Ga.
Powder Springs. . . Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Ludowici
Ga.
Calhoun
Ga.
Kite
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Bethlehem
Ga.
Clermont
Ga.
Ludowici
Ga.
Rock Spring
Ga.
Clermont
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Cedar Grove
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Helena
Ga.
Chickamauga Ga.
Kensington
Ga.
Girard
Ga.
Moreland
Ga.
Chickamauga Ga.
Lincolnton
Ga.
Bolton
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Clermont
Ga.
Tifton
Ga.
Forsyth
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
9528 Hall, Mary Lee 9561 Hudson, Johnie Lee 9651 Harper, Velma Octavia 9650 Hargrove, Frences B. 8441 Herndon, Elzie R. 9694 Hightower, Margelene 9692 Harvard, Clyde 2028 Huffman, Emma Elizabeth 2510 Hughes, Beatrice 4931 Hughes, C. F., Mrs. 1401 Hughes, Gladys 5168 Hughes, Leona 5167 Hughes, Lessie Ann 5169 Hughes, Velma 2504 Hughs, Wawena 3186 Hullander, Eliz. Carpenter, Mn 6359 Humphreys, Bennie Leila 5170 Humphreys, Eloise 6275 Humphrey, Ida Rose 7020 Humphries, Homer H. 5671 Hundley, Fletcher C. 5463 Hunt, Anita Louise 6150 Hunt, Eleanor 5171 Hunt, Mack, Mrs.
573 Hunt, Mildred 2989 Hunter, Roberta Lee 3122 Hurley, Margaret Elizabeth
575 Hurst, Byron H., Mrs. 5172 Hurst, Carrie Grist, Mrs. 5871 Hurst, Opal 2508 Hutcheson, Linton 3187 Hutcheson, Lou 7023 Hutcheson, Velma
Bartow
Ga.
Raleigh
Ga.
Washington
Ga.
Crawford
Ga.
Fitzgerald
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
Sumner
Ga.
Whitesburg
Ga.
Mt. Vernon
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Mt. Vernon
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Marlow
Ga.
Pembroke
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Ringgold
Ga.
Stone Mountain... Ga.
Adrian
Ga.
Tate
Ga.
Oakwood
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
Barnesville
Ga.
McDonough
Ga.
Hagan
Ga.
Ocilla
Ga.
Broxton
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Toccoa
Ga.
Lawrenceville Ga.
Adrian
Ga.
Burtsboro
Ga.
Adrian
Ga.
68
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
579 Hutchinson, Flossie
Kite
Ga.
7022 Hutchinson, Glennie
Tifton
Ga.
6478 Hutchinson, Nancy Ellen
Tifton
Ga.
2509 Hutchinson, Ruth
Adel
Ga.
6151 Hutson, Pearl
Griffin
Ga.
4561 Hyde, Miriam Louise
Chamblee
Ga.
5581 Hardy, Penelope Starling, Mrs. Thomaston
Ga.
3283 Hall, Frank, Mrs.
Dalton
Ga.
5446 Hall, Johnnie Marie
Dalton
Ga.
4342 Hammond, Josie Blackstock, Mrs. Statham
Ga.
3406 Hancock, Lizzie Jones, Mrs.
Roberta
Ga.
6115 Haralson, Edna Dean
Social Circle
Ga.
2858 Hainey, Iris Adele
Norman Park Ga.
7800 Harrington, Evelyn Francis
Rome
Ga.
7801 Harris, Bettie Warthen
Buena Vista
Ga.
4847 Harris, Elizabeth Louise
Pelham
Ga.
505 Harrison, Leona Elizabeth Nolan Decatur
Ga.
3407 Hart, Mary Edgar
Ellaville
Ga.
7140 Harvey, Harris G.
Jakin
Ga.
7896 Harvard, W. V.
Vienna
Ga.
7899 Higginbotham, Clio V.
Danielsville
Ga.
7900 Holliman, Mary Alva
Harlem
Ga.
7901 Hunt, Essie N., Mrs.
Demorest
Ga.
8596 Hager, Zelma
Toccoa Falls
Ga.
8783 Hamilton, Melrose Pierce
Augusta
Ga.
8729 Harris, Bertha P.
Jefferson
Ga.
8784 Hay, Bernice
Blakely
Ga.
8550 Haynes, M. Ruth
Calhoun
Ga.
8570 Henry, W. C, Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
8731 Hill, Clytie Morris
Bowdon
Ga.
8732 Hinton, Sarah Crawford
Tate
Ga.
8651 Holcomb, Ella
Eton
Ga.
8786 Holmes, Grace Truman
Sandersville
Ga.
69
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
8733 8652 9009 9010 8962 10277 10624 10165 10168 10279 10167 10164 1O340 10962 11067 11135 11136 11138 11137 10778 8480 7433 7007 8207 7989 10779 11199 10343 11562
Hoover, Mary Houser, Hazel Harris Harrell, Joyce Orr, Mrs. Hatfield, Annie B. Hall, Kate Hodges, Julien Van, Mrs. Henson, Willard Hays, Pansy Jewell Houston, Dola Mae Howell, Elva Spencer, Mrs. Hood, Marion Gertrude Hays, Mary Virginia Hamrick, Frankie Lewis Hamilton, Olan Hill, William W. Hardy, Mary Elizabeth Hinson, Edna R. Hobbs, AlmaE. Hinson, Mamie R. Highsmith, Agnes Eason, Mrs. Hackney, Ruth Hall, L. Lemma, Mrs. Haney, Barbara Harber, R. L. McEntire, Mrs. Harrell, Vernice Hines, Nona Hegwood, Lois Hood, Vella Estelle Hill, Bessie Juanita
Irwinton Ft. Valley Manor Macon Tignall Atlanta Hiawassee Mansfield Colquitt Atlanta Columbus Douglasville Talking Rock Abbeville Bowdon Cochran Dry Branch Chester Dry Branch Baxley Blue Ridge Moultrie Calhoun Carnesville Climax McRae LaFayette Greeley Dacula
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Colo. Ga.
70
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
2728 7266 5464 4732 4562
582 583 2922 587 2242 9213 9501 3123 10582
Her, Eloise Ingram, Adie DeWitt Ingram, Fannie Warren Ingran, John, Mrs. Ingram, Ruth Moye, Mrs Irick, Margaret Laird Irick, Nancy Elizabeth Isom, Ida Mae Ivey, Ruth Ivy, Laura Susan Ingram, Ernest Ingram, Royston Ingersoll, Ella M., Mrs. Irvin, Mary Catherine
Statesboro High Point Jakin Morven Arlington Cartersville Cartersville Moultrie Forsyth Avera Cartersville Cumming Warren Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ohio. Ga.
4932 588 589 7450 1403 3284 7451 6479 3057 5766 2807 6536 2772 7644 5467 6277
Jack, Frances Jackson, Annie Lee Jackson, Dorothy Lucile Jackson, Elizabeth Bryant Jackson, Frances Jackson, Grace Leo Jackson, Kate Irene Jackson, Mary Hautense Jackson, Mary Sallie Jackson, Sara Elma Jacobs, Amy James, Carsey Willbanks, Mrs. James, Myrtle S. Jandon, Mildred Louise Jarrard, Jeanette B. Jarrard, Elizabeth
Dalton Cartersville Alpharetta Summerville Stellaville Harrison Cleveland Glenn Harrison Macon West Point Clarkesville Scaly Springfield Dahlonega Natal
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. N. C. Ga. Ga. Ga.
71
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
7269 Jarrard, Juan M. 5175 Jarrell, Mary Allene 2808 Jeanes, Delia 2809 Jeanes, Mamie 7270 Jefferson, Aaron Fred 7518 Jefferson, Adrienne Siville 595 Jelks, Needham P. 6401 Jenkins, Berry Jr. 597 Jenkins, Dollie Atha 1966 Jenkins, Eva Lois 4564 Jenkins, Ila Mae 5176 Jernigan, Addie Lou 2086 Jimerson, Erma Lee 1404 Johns, Elizabeth 601 Johns, Otis Jackson 1986 Johnson, Alene 2862 Johnson, Annie Belle 6276 Johnson, Audrey Matilda 7026 Johnson, Blanche Estelle 1981 Johnson, Bothwell 3285 Johnson, Eddie Victoria 3426 Johnson, Helen Corine 602 Johnson, Inez Lafayette 2925 Johnson, Lena 3058 Johnson, Mary Elizabeth 6010 Johnson, Ollie, Mrs. 606 Johnson, Theresa 607 Johnson, Tyna 4565 Johnson, Vannie Lou 2513 Johnston, Leah Levore 7456 Johnston, Virginia Victoria 4736 Jolley, Margaret Francine 2512 Jolly, Carrie 5182 Jones, Hilda Mattox 10789 Johnston, Mary Laura 609 Joiner, Annie Hill 5180 Joiner, Florine
72
Natal Round Oak Nashville Nashville Mineral Bluff Augusta Hawkinsville Sardis Stuckey TyTy Lithonia Mayfield Molena Toccoa Juliette Graymont Crawfordville Ellijay Milltown Summit Eastanollee Athens Lumpkin Cumming Canton Garfield Darien Grayson Sandersville: Hayesville Sylvester Homer Kingston Folkston Faceville. Tennille Carnegie
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga. : Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application
Number
610 Joiner, Lona Eugee 4734 Joiner, Eva 3764 Jones, Ada Respass, Mrs. 7647 Jones, Allie Christine 3286 Jones, Edna Page, Mrs. 4354 Jones, Lorene 6360 Jones, Ethel Mozelle 3288 Jones, Eva Marie 4967 Jones, Louise E., Mrs. 3769 Jones, Mabel Nina 4356 Jones, Mary Elizabeth 7275 Jones, Mather 5183 Jones, Pearle 2731 Jones, Rubye 1407 Jopling, Zilpah Elizabeth
622 Jordan, Blanche P. 5587 Jordan, Dillard R.
623 Jordan, Glayds Jane 4737 Jordan, Inman W. 3188 Jordon, Gladys 6152 Jordon, Mary 6361 Jordon, Susie Kate 2640 Juhan, Juanita B. 6189 Justus, Martha Elizabeth 8050 Jones, Margaret Ammons 7903 Jolly, Joe Thomas 8655 Jackson, Mrs. S. L. 8654 Jackson, S. L. 8602 Jekins, Ada Lee 8571 Jervey, Arthur Postell 8446 Jones, Lilla 8464 Jenkins, M. E., Mrs. 8505 Jones, Ethel Florence 8506 Johnston, Ruby Joel 8694 James, Jesse H. 8966 Jenkins, Doris May 8967 Jones, Elizabeth J.
73
Cochran
Ga.
Richland
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Thomasville
Ga.
West Green
Ga.
Cleveland
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Alpharetta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Cleveland
Ga.
Whigham
Ga.
Hull
Ga.
Richland
Ga.
Tiger
Ga.
Toccoa
Ga.
Toccoa
Ga.
Monticello
Ga.
Toccoa
Ga.
Barney
Ga.
Barnesville
Ga.
Hoschton
Ga.
Stone Mountain... Ga.
Clayton
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
Carnesville
Ga.
Chats worth
Ga.
Chats worth
Ga.
Midville
Ga.
Charleston
S. C.
Woodbury
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Madison
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Ellijay
Ga.
Harrison
Ga.
Sale City
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY--A CLASS.
Application Number
9060 Jenkins, Joyce Louise 9182 Jernigan, Verna 8922 Jones, Gertrude W. 9285 Jordan, Adell 9313 Jones, Ruby 9312 Jones, Elma 9356 Jinks, Ruby 9357 Johnson, Eva Holmes, Mrs. 9502 Johnson, Susan 9700 Joyner, Mary Eloise 9699 Jones, Clarice 9531 Johnson, Lila 9961 Johnson, Kathryn 9917 Johnson, Agnes 10063 Jernigan, Troy 10062 Jenkins, Walter Broughton 10625 Jackson, Ernest 10346 Jernigan, Paul E., Mrs. 10669 Jeter, Annie Ruth 10175 Johnson, Tiny Mae 10173 Jernigan, Erie 11142 Jones, Emory 11140 Jimerson, Orie 11141 Jones, Albert Hugh 11068 Jones, Wilburta 11139 Jessup, Nell 11520 Jones, Millie Lucile 8184 Jay, Callie, Mrs. 8392 Jones, Hattie E.
Harrison
...Ga.
Barwick
. .. Ga.
Washington. . . ...Ga.
Bowman
. ..Ga.
Hartwell
. .. Ga.
Rockmart
. ..Ga.
Mauk
. .. Ga.
Moultrie
...Ga.
Gainesville.... ...Ga.
Normantown. . ...Ga.
Coolidge
...Ga.
Arlington
.. Ga.
Butts
. Ga.
Gainesville.... . ..Ga.
Donalsonville. . . .. Ga.
Greenbush.... . ..Ga.
Clarkesville... . . ..Ga.
White Plains... . ..Ga.
Carrollton
... Ga.
Sparta
. .. Ga.
Donalsonville. . . .. Ga.
Jacksonville. . . . ..Ga.
Empire
. ..Ga.
Cochran
..Ga.
Cordova
.. Ala.
Chester
. ..Ga.
Tifton
..Ga.
Kennesaw
..Ga.
Guyton
..Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
1957 Kay, Mack Leon 2266 Kaylor, Susan Inez 1408 Keener, Beatrice 2517 Keener, Mary Adeline 6362 Keeler, Mary E.
628 Keith, Minnie 3189 Kell, Juan A. 3430 Kclley, Eunice 2514 Kelley, Kate
629 Kelley, Mary Leola 5471 Kelley, Mattie Ruth 5187 Kelley, Raphael E. 2126 Kelly, Ethel Emma
632 Kemp, Agnes Leona 3431 Kemp, Helen Wahl 2087 Kendrick, Edna 5188 Kennedy, Blanche 5588 Kennedy, Mary 7029 Kennedy, Rubye lone 7030 Kennedy, Sallie Lou 2229 Kennedy, Terah
635 Kenner, Alice McEven 2516 Keener, Jas. E.
636 Kent, Lucile 1409 Kent, Mary Alice 2732 Kenyon, Myrtle Eva 5472 Keown, Mary Addie 5194 Kerr, Trannie 5589 Kesler, Dora Jane 2993 Kesler, Ora Belle
639 Keyes, Emma Duane 5771 Kicklighter, Annie Veleria
640 Kicklighter, Mamie Joe 5195 Kidd, Annie Mae 6404 Kieffer, Edith Lee 6060 Kilgore, Johnnie Clyde 3432 Kilgore, S. C, Mrs.
75
Hartwell Graham Rabun Rabun Gap Decatur Clermont Copperhill Carrollton Lula Hiwassee Chauncey Avera Monticello Spring Place Halcyondale Zebulon Manassas Camilla Tifton Tifton Metter Crescent Rabun Tifton
Lumpkin Lindale Dalton Adairsville Ashland Toccoa Calhoun Alma Glennville Colbert Springfield Springvale Duluth
Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Tenn. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .... Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
7278 Killingbeck, Charles W. 6190 Kimsey, L. C, Mrs.
643 Kimsey, Ruth 6061 Kinard, Lucille 2733 King, Charlie Lillian 3060 King, Ethel 3059 King, Eva Mae 5197 King, Frederick Wm., Mrs. 3190 King, Jno. A., Mrs. 2088 King, Lottie Mae 5198 King, Sara Rebecca 5200 Kinney, Lily 5192. Kennington, Gladys 2928 Kirby, Blanche
647 Kirby, Thelma Zera 2230 Kirkland, Phonnie 6407 Kirkland, Rosa, Mrs.
648 Kirkland, Virginia 7032 Kitchens, Edna 5590 Kitchens, Gertie
649 Kitchens, Lillian Monk, Mrs. 5184 Kitchens, Mattie L. 3433 Knight, Callie P., Mrs. 7279 Knight, Maurice, Mrs. 5474 Knight, Pearl Alice 7905 Kilpatrick, A. 6191 King, Ruth Elizabeth 8317 King, Hattie 10794 Kimsey, Oscar Hershal, Mrs. 6616 King. Mildred 9062 King, Herman 9163 Keith, Nina 7904 Kelley, Tryphenia 9331 Ketner, Frances 9216 Keith, Ruby
Morganton
Ga.
Cornelia
Ga.
Clarkesville
Ga.
Leslie
Ga.
Cochran.
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Riceboro
Ga.
Preston
Ga.
Molena. . .
Ga.
McDonough
Ga.
Good Hope
Ga.
Jeffersonville Ga.
Hill City
Ga.
Hill City
Ga.
Metter
Ga.
Blun
Ga.
Pearson.
Ga.
Macon
.Ga.
Ohoopee
Ga.
Sylvester
Ga.
Metter
Ga.
Calhoun
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Alto.
Ga.
Tallulah Falls... . Ga.
"Wrens
Ga.
Robertston
Ga.
Hazlehurst
Ga.
Blythe
Ga.
Clermont
Ga.
Greenville
S. C.
Wainesville N. C.
Alvaton
Ga.
76
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
9565 Keown, Bessie Sue 9656 Kemp, Annie Rae 9810 King. Carmen 9881 Kea, Eviedel 10064 Keely, Eddie Lou 10347 Kitchens, Earline Currie 10643 Kendrick, Nina Mae 10797 Kothe Louise 10285 King, Taylor John 3785 Knight, Rowena Altman
650 Knight, W. Raleigh, Mrs. 6329 Knox, Agnes Kathleen
651 Knox, Theraltine 652 Knox, William 4740 Koonce, Chailes Nathaniel 7810 Kantzer, Emily Louise 7713 Kemp, Elsie Sydna 7715 King, Nina Mae 7716 Kirkland, Chas., Mrs. 3125 Kitchens, Louise 7811 Knight, Flossy Leole 8120 King, Elma Cathleen 10963 Keene, Lucile 10416 Kicklighter, Lester Parker 7964 Kemp, Bessie Louise 8187 King, T. J., Mrs. 8659 Kitchens, Lucille
Rome Atlanta Murphy Adrian Baxley Byromville Zebulon Atlanta Clermont Atlanta Ray City Lulaton Thomaston Jackson Horton Atlanta Marietta Blythe Waycross Ailey Nashville Curryville Abbeville Waycross Kennesaw Clermont
Swainsboro
Ga. Ga. N. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. . . Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Wyo. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
3788 Laird, M. E., Mrs. 4357 Lamb, Ruby Mae
77
Atlanta
Ga.
Swainsboro
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Numb er
3290 Lancaster, J. W.
Geneva
Ga.
3435 Lance, Eula May
Young Harris Ga.
3434 Lance, Naomi
Young Harris Ga.
654 Land, Mary
Arlington
Ga.
3436 Lane, Dorothy Elizabeth
Monticello
Ga.
2267 Lane, Frances Hazel
Franklin
Ga.
5219 Lane, Nancy
Colquitt
Ga.
5201 Lane, Ruby Lou
Jackson
Ga.
659 Lane, Sallie V.
Monticello
Ga.
5929 Laney, Mattie Joe
Griffin
Ga.
5875 Lanford, Henry Ward
Grayson
Ga.
1902 Lange, Margorie Florence
Thomasville
Ga.
657 Langford, Alma
Jefferson
Ga.
5203 Langston, Lucille
Dalton
Ga.
658 Langford, Esther
Jefferson
Ga.
5876 Langston, Ora
Edison
Ga.
660 Lanier, Bertie
Butts
Ga.
5204 Lanier, Blanche
Pembroke
Ga.
661 Lanier, Hinton Williams, Mrs Colquitt
Ga.
4742 Lanier, Janie Lee
Register
Ga.
5205 Lanier, J. M., Mrs.
Clarksville
Ga.
11
662 Lanier, Mollie 5206 Lanier, Yulee
Butts
Ga.
Pembroke
Ga.
1
6409 Lariscy, Julia Artie
Brooklet
Ga.
7282 Lassiter, Ethel Inez
Hapeville
Ga.
1
3062 Lassiter, Neva Maude
Covington
Ga.
11
6539 Latimer, Mary Louise
Comer
Ga.
1
5476 Lawson, Alton B.
1]
4968 Lawson, Delmar T.
Kite. . .
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
665 Lawson, James Madison
Gainesville
Ga.
3191 Lay, Mary
Commerce
Ga.
1416 Leach, Joseph W.
Felton
Ga.
5209 Lee, Aileen
t1
7284 Lee, Alva
11
3193 Lee, Frances
Edison. . .
Ga.
Metter
Ga.
Leefield
Ga.
1417 Lee, Irene
Dallas
Ga.
78
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application
Number
7285 LeMaster, Edna Jane
Maysville
5210 Lennard, Myrtle
Pelham
669 Lennon, Elizabeth
Tifton
4450 Leslie, Annie Laura
Rockmart
671 Leslie, Maiy Cornelia
LaGrange
5773 Lesser, Esther Marjorie
Rome
2128 Leverett, Audrey Lee
Monticello
5211 Leverett, Gladys Louise
Gay
672 Lewallen, May, Mrs.
Commerce
6330 Lewis, Annie Coreene
Broxton
6249 Lewis, Clifford Louise
Hawkinsville
5774 Lewis, Devorah
Autreyville
2929 Lewis, Emma Re
Scottdale
5212 Lewis, Gladys Evelyn
Moultrie
5478 Lewis, Martha Fish
Moultrie
1419 Lewis, Olga A.
Hammett
4574 Lewis, Pauline
Osief ield
5213 Lewis, Wynema
Moultrie
9658 Langford, Allene
Maysville
9701 Layfield, Mildred
Richland
9776 Littlejohn, Albert Duke
Mount Berry
9741 Lawrence, Lottie, Mrs.
Lamesa
9774 Lee, Helen C, Mrs.
Blakely
9775 Lewallen, Arthur, Mrs.
Commerce
9834 Lewis, Lucile
Damascus
677 Little, Ruby Theresa
Carnesville
9742 Logan, Annie Mae
Calhoun
9812 Loggins, Duncan
Lula
9966 Limback, George B.
Rossville
9965 Lancaster, Cora Belle
Gainesville
10067 Lacey, Mattie V., Mrs.
Waycross
8530 Lisle, Sarah Edith Elizabeth
Hapeville
10417 Latham, Loie Elizabeth
Atlanta.
10068 Lane, Ethel
Donalsonville
10188 Lokey, Allene
Thomson
10687 Lemon, Sidney Woodward
McDonough.
10688 Lewis, Ethel Marion
McDonough
10181 Lang, Mrs. J. W. (Bettie Monk) Omega
79
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Tex.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
8739 Lassiter, Narvel Leman 8741 Locke, Mamie Maude 8742 Lowe, Sarah Elizabeth 8553 Kathleen, Lyle 8418 Lesher, Madge 8740 Lewis, M. Tal 8251 Lane, Annie Laura 8321 Lord, Bessie 8529 Lansdell, Gladys Essie 8874 Locke, Aurelius E. 8969 Lane, Eva Elizabeth 8970 Lykins, Susie, Mrs. 8122 Lancaster, Luther R. 9223 Lewis, Geneva 9315 Lynch, Lavonia 9400 Lemoine, Ottie Clark 9441 Locke, Finis T., Mrs. 1413 Land, Robt. Dudley 4857 Lovett, Minnie Lee 11189 LaFavor, Irene 10558 Luck, Ettie Lee, Mrs. 11144 Lassiter, Lucy Belle 11145 Linder, M. Cody 11447 Lee, Frank 8188 Langston, Iva 3061 Lang, Nancy Louise 11143 Langford, Gladys Adelle 2739 Liggin, W. H., Mrs. 6063 Liles, Elsie 2812 Linder, Octavia Pace, Mrs. 2268 Lipham, Carrie Delle 4575 Lipscomb, Hill 2525 Little, James Aubrey
80
Marietta Atlanta Statham Sumner Waycross Toccoa Rockmart Ila Hephzibah Butler Monticello Elberton Mauk Barwick Atlanta Atlanta Finleyson Arlington Rochelle Avera Wrightsville Cochran Dublin Metter Edison Ludowici Cochran Decatur Americus Hartwell Frolona Maysville Carnesville
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga" Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEM:ENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
4576 Little, Mary Neal 680 Logan, Imma 6192 Logan, Leona 4577 Long, Annie Louise 5214 Long, Delia Mae 3063 Long, Isabelle Anne 4935 Longley, Evelyn P. 5216 Lott, Ethel Enola 5217 Lott, Mary Elizabeth 7463 Loughridge, Louise 1422 Loveless, Alma Bagwell 1972 Lovett, Viola Miller 3807 Lovette, Virginia M. 6011 Lovett, Willie Madeline 7581 Lowe, Laura Virginia 7286 Lowe, Palmer Clarke 683 Lowery, Johnnie Clyde 684 Lowery, Theadys 3194 Lowry, Bonnie Lynn 5675 Lowther, Thelma 2000 Loy, Carlan 7039 Lucas, Margaret Jane 7010 Lucas, Moreen 2645 Luckey, Lillie Mae 6412 Lumley, Myrtice Mae 4578 Lunsford, Coy D. 5776 Lunsford, Naomi 6228 Lyon, Jordan E. 5218 Lyon, Willie 8053 Lee, Ruth 7813 Leggett, Ruth 7814 Leonard, Mary Omagene 7719 Low, Sara Evelyn 8011 Lewis, Kathleen
Carnesville
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Santee
Ga.
Jesup.. . . ;
Ga.
Screven
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Orlando
Fla.
Orlando
Fla.
Eton
Ga.
Dacula
Ga.
Fitzgerald
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Hiltonia
Ga.
McCormick S. C.
Roberta
Ga.
Rentz
Ga.
Rentz
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
Waycross
Ga.
Homer
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Quitman......... Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Swainsboro
Ga.
Dewey Rose
Ga.
Shellman
Ga.
Davisboro
Ga.
Yatesville
Ga.
Leef ield
Ga.
Broxton
Ga.
Chats worth
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Kingstree
S. C.
81
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
9886 McMillan, Pearl, Mrs. 10354 McCleskey, Marye Power, Mrs. 9885 McDonald, Bernice 10645 McLeroy, Lola Hazle 4459 McAfee, Broadus B.
778 McAfee, Mary lone 3064 McArthur, Katie Mae 5220 McAuley, Ruth 5676 McBride, Rebecca 5221 McCall, Celia Corrine 5222 McCall, Julia Dean 5777 McCall, Ida Corene 2029 McCalmon, Emma Louise 4363 McClain, Charner Louise 4451 McClain, Susie Maude 2540 McClain, Gladys 7582 McConnell, Eugene Clark 5224 McConnell, Miriam 6194 McConnell, Myrtle 779 McConnell, Nora Kimsey 1988 McCord, Myrl 7043 McCormick, Rebecca Hanter 780 McCormick, Ethel 5479 McCoy, Eleanor Virginia 5225 McCracken, Mattie 7287 McCroan, Mary Kathleen 781 McCranie, Mittie Ruth 7042 McCormick, Nell Wade 6119 McCullough, Olive Mozelle 783 McDaniel, C. E. 784 McDaniel, Henrietta E. 6336 McDaniel, J. H. 3065 McDaniel, Lucile 1424 McDaniel, OUie 7651 McDaniel, Virginia 2541 McDaris, Evelyn 6493 McDonald, Vera
82
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Sylvester
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Aragon
Ga.
Wrightsville
Ga.
El^a,
Ga.
Valdosta
Ga.
Vidalia
Ga.
Rochelle
Ga.
Rochelle
Ga.
Rochelle
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Pelham
Ga.
Rutledge
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Ashland
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Toccoa
Ga.
Toccoa
Ga.
Graymont
Ga.
Stilesboro
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Talbotton
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Adel
Ga.
Stilesboro
Ga.
Good Hope
Ga.
Mount Vernon. . .. Ga.
Collins
Ga.
Glenwood
Ga
Norcross
Ga.
Bartow
Ga.
Rydal
Ga.
Morganton
Ga.
Damascus
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
7144 McDuffie, Julian 1636 McEllis, Alice 6121 McGee, Lorraine 2030 McGouirk, Florine 10711 McCormick, Clara Sue 10192 McDaniel, Allene Elliott, Mrs. 10352 McAllister, Ola 10934 McLennan, Gxace 10933 McDaniel, Martha Elizabeth 8743 McBride, Hester Lee 8607 McClelland, Lena Mildred 8661 McClung, Ruth Katherine 8608 McLean, Florence 7912 McBride, Freddie, Mrs. 7913 McConnell, Sara Key 8394 McDonald, Mary Lucile 8252 McArthur, Iva Brown 8324 McPhaul, Sara 8323 McCord, George Mathews 8877 McGough, Louise West, Mrs. 8878 McLendon, Mary English, Mrs. 9287 McEntire, Erma Gay 9334 McDonald, Lena 9459 McElroy, Rosa Anne 9365 McAllister, Lillye 9478 McLucas, Lubye Ruth 9568 McConnell, Belle R, Mrs.
9614 McCarthy, Leo E. 9366 McBride, Zelle 4590 McClendon, Oscar Hiram
782 McElveen, Flossie 3867 McFail, Nell G.
788 McEntire, J. T., Jr. 6542 McGarity, Inez 4589 McGarity, Nina
791 McGarity, Ruby 2231 McGauley, Wm. David
Rochelle
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Duluth
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Cartersville
Ga.
Mt. Vernon
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Alamo
Ga.
Glen wood
Ga.
Woolsey
Ga.
Dexter
Ga.
Felton
Ga.
Woolsey
Ga.
Millhaven
Ga.
Calhoun
Ga.
Commerce........ Ga.
Blakely
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Graymont
Ga.
Lilly
Ga.
Dawson
Ga.
Calhoun
Ga.
Cordele
Ga.
Foisyth
Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Eichland
Ga.
Mt. Vernon
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Arcola
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Calhoun
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Danielsville
Ga.
Danielsville
Ga.
Metter
Ga.
83
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
1426 6156 6155 6154 7044
792 4452 5780 6096
793 794 5483 5595 5596 2933 3870 6543 4748 797 4747 1428 3446 3447 6419 3196 1429 3448 3449 6494 5228 800 6065 6064 6158 5229 6029 5678
McGee, Celorah Wehunt McGee, Edith McGee, Emmie Mae McGee, Maggie McGee, Mary Mrs. McGehee, Margaret P. McGlaun, Lula Clyde McGlaun, Leire Elizabeth McGouirk, Sallie Kate McGowan, Marguerite McGowan, Sarah Madge McGuffin, Bessie Inez McHan, Alice Inez Mclntyre, Lena Mae Mclntyre, Nannie Pettitt Mclntyre, Odelle McKinley, Lena Ive McKinney, Sophie Louise McKenzie, Bessie McKenzie, C. B., Jr. McKenzie, Dora, Mrs. McKenzie, Leila Van McKenzie, Lillian McKenzie, Reta McKimmon, Ludelle Register McKinney, Effie McKinney, Inez McKinney, Martha Janie McKinnon, Eva McKinnon, Virgie McLean, Lola Mary McLendon, Louise McLendon, Ruby McLendon, Sarah McLeroy, Louise McMillan, A. C, Mrs. McMillan, Matra
Cleveland Knoxville. ., Knoxville Knoxville Cummings Talbotton Cusseta Cusseta Carrollton Cass Station Stilesboro Butler Cuthbert Ailey Ailey Columbus Carrollton Blue Ridge Thomaston Fairmount Augusta Oakfield Cordele Louisville Waycross Hiawassee Blakely Blakely Bluffton Carnegie Douglas Americus Americus Jackson Maysville Enigma Rentz
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
84
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application
Number
6157 McMullan, Frances 1989 McMillan, Rosalie 5231 McMillan, Vivian 2059 McNair, Jack
802 McNeal, Terrell Estelle 1430 McNeal, Lillian Louise 804 McPherson, Julia 5782 McWhite, Bessie 6281 McWhorter, Julia Eddye 6168 McWilliams, Arline
805 McWilliams, Inez 11167 McNeal, James O. 11146 McCranie, Welman Hort 11192 McNair, Gussie
8158 McConnell, Rea 8210 McDonald, Bessie Allen 7969 McGee, Naomi 7970 McKie, Lillian 8878 McLendon, Mary English 8189 McMillan, Georgia Daisy 8014 McWilliams, Lady Zue
2527 Mackin Lena Page, Mrs. 5332 Macklin, Ethel Coakley 1958 Madden, Bertha Mae
687 Maddox, Clyde F. 688 Maddox, Margaret 3452 Maddox, P. M., Mrs. 7293 Mahone, Fannie W 4359 Mahone, Gladys 692 Malaier, Louise 5233 Malcoln, Lois 5235 Malcolm , Maggie Lee 5234 Malone, Lucy 4751 Malone, Martha Clare
Forsyth Campobello Morgan Cochran Pearson Statenville Carrollton Moultrie Woodstock LaFayette Clayton Braselton Milan Wrens Ashland Sumter Culloden Eatonton Dawson Rentz
Stockbridge
Ga. S. C.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga.
Lawrenceville Atlanta Hartwell Buford Jackson Jackson Talbotton Eatonton Americus Fitzgerald Apalachee Monticello Dexter
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
85
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
7294 5599 1959 6413 3453 3295 3128 4752 4581
695 2999 2055 2814 7472 2528 6540 3297 5784 4582 3129 2741 4361 5236 6332 5238 5930 5239
701 702 3195 2815 4453 704 1904 3300 3825 5786
Maloy, Minnie Emma Maloy, Vauneda Mann, Austelle, Kathryn Mann, Lois Mann, Malinda Bridges Mann, Robert Lee Mansfield, Ruby E. Manson, Marie S. Maples, Edythe Rebecca Marbut, Effie Lee Hart, Mrs. Marchman, Myra Markert, Betty Ruth Markey, Sara Christine Marlow, Emma Lindsey, Mrs. Marlowe, Mozelle Marrett, Maurine Marshall, Danie Key Marshall, Dora Marshall, Elnora Marshall, Rachel Meacham Martin, Adelaide Martin, Emma Mitchell Martin, Ethel Martin, Eunice Martin, F. 0., Mrs. Martin, James R. Martin, Jewel Martin, Lois Martin, Lucille Martin, Mary Elizabeth Martin, Nita Martin, Pearl L. Martin, Roselle Crittenden Martin, Susie Lucile Mask, Verna Mae Massa, Nell Coyne Mason, Tommie Lil
Griffin
Ga.
Helena
Ga.
Hartwell
Ga.
'Glennville
Ga.
Blakely
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Fort Oglethorpe.. . Ga.
Darien
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Lithonia
Ga.
Silvan
Ga.
Finleyson
Ga.
Waycross
. .Ga.
Center
Ga.
Hoschton
Ga.
Esom Hill
Ga.
Pelham
Ga.
Cuthbert
Ga.
Pelham
Ga.
Talbotton
Ga.
Mt. Vernon
Ga.
Barnesville
Ga.
Chester,
S. C.
Broxton
Ga.
Nahunta
Ga.
Rising Fawn
Ga.
Shellman
Ga.
LaFayette
Ga.
Lincolnton
Ga.
Milner
Ga.
Iron City
Ga.
Hahira
Ga.
Shellman
Ga.
Thomasville
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Lyons
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
5240 Massey, Anne Elizabeth 2146 Massengale, Ethel Mae 3131 Mathias, Ouida 7474 Mathis, Linda Lane 2056 Meadows, Benjamin Franklin 6363 Meadows, Elizabeth 2531 Meadows, Evelyn Clyo 2057 Meadows, Lucy Mae 6544 Mealer, William Norman 6195 Meeks, Ruth Parks, Mrs. 2532 Megahee, John Howard 5601 Melton, Carrie Helen 6124 Mercier, John Roy
733 Mer.iwether, Mattie Mae 734 Men-ell, Georgia 7478 Methvin, Annie Florence 1439 Mewborn, Jewell Alline 4860 Meyerhart, Elizabeth 4484 Miazza, Ida Christie, Mrs. 6488 Middleton, Pearl 736 Mikell, Zella 4455 Milam, Louise Elizabeth 4456 Milam, Romie Eugenia 737 Miller, Beadie Nixon, Mrs. 2647 Miller, Frances Edna 738 Miller, Marie Muriel 4755 Miller, Viola 3457 Millican, Inez 4457 Mills, Azmon Cicero 6489 Mills, Mamie ' 3458 Mills, Nellie 3066 Milner, Lucie Mae 6012 Mincey, Mary Elizabeth 7481 Minchey, Lucile 6414 Minchey, Nina 3308 Minglederff, Madge Leeta 2130 Laura Compton
87
Columbus
Ga.
Bradley
Ga.
Vidalia
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Vidalia
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Danielsville
Ga.
Alto
Ga.
Coolidge
Ga.
Dawson
Ga.
Dacula
Ga.
East Point
Ga.
Bremen
Ga.
Georgetown
Ga.
Duluth
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Dawson
Ga.
Blakely
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Cartersville
Ga.
Cartersville
Ga.
Rochelle
Ga.
Statesboro....... Ga.
Boston
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Curryville
Ga.
Cairo
Ga.
Corbin
Ky.
Barnesville
Ga.
Brooklet
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Springfield
Ga.
Monticello
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
739 2817 5244 7751 5486 5245 2936 2937
743 744 2938 3132 4758 7146 6415 5246 3004 691 5252 6333 1442 4584 7052 6491 4757 2536 4759 748 6160 749 5790 2651 6334 6335 5248 7303 755
Mitchell, Allene Mitchell, Dell Mitchell, Iva, Mrs. Mitchell, Nannie Emma Mitchem, Magnolia Mitchiner, Max W., Mrs. Mixon, Alda Mixon, Estelle Mixon, Lamar Wesley Mixon, Martha Malinda Mixon, Myrtice Mixon, Pansy Lou Moats, Mattie Lou Mobley, Charles R., Mrs. Mobley, Inell Mobley, Jennie May Mobley, Mary Marvine Mohan, Hubert Morris, Gladys Marie Montgomery, Carroll Montgomery, Daisy B., Mrs. Montgomery, Mamie Moody, Beatrice Odie Moody, Lula Mae Moon, Comie Jenkins, Mrs. Moon, Flora Mooney, Sara Alice Elizabeth Moore, Annie Vera Moore, Christie Moore, Doris Louise Moore, Edith Moore, Edith Moore, Gladys Moore, Grace Moore, Helen Narvaline Moore, James Homer Moore, Louise
Tifton
Ga.
Kenwood
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Thomaston
Ga.
Monroe
Ga.
Benevolence
Ga.
Ocilla
Ga.
Ocilla
Ga.
Tarrytown
Ga.
Tarrytown
Ga.
Ocilla
Ga.
Wrightsville
Ga.
Poulan
Ga.
Canon
Ga.
Glennville
Ga.
Shady Dale
Ga.
Powder Springs . . . Ga.
Rydal
Ga.
Uvalda
Ga.
Jacksonville
Ga.
Mauk
Ga.
Thomson
Ga.
Damascus
Ga.
Blakely
Ga.
Hartwell
Ga.
Conyers
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Nunez
Ga.
Barnesville
Ga.
Clermont
Ga.
Chickamauga Ga.
Roosville
Ga.
Nahunta
Ga.
Nahunta
Ga.
Ha
Ga.
Tifton
Ga.
Wrightsville
Ga.
PROVISOINAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
2002 Moore, Mabel 5249 Moore, Maggie Edith 6418 Moore, Magnolia 6492 Moore, Mamie 5250 Moore, Mattie Jane 7053 Moore, S. A., Mrs.
757 Moore, Thelma 2649 Moreland, Mary Ruth 6416 Morgan Blanche, 4369 Morgan, D. Clyde 4370 Morgan, Freddie Bell 3310 Morgan, Goldie 5247 Morgan, Hazel 4864 Morgan, Lillian Godwin, Mrs. 3133 Morgan, Lilly 5488 Morgan, Nona 6417 Morgan, Oliver Marion 6365 Morris, Frantie Mae 7484 Morris, Gladys Virginia 6285 Morris, Madge Mabel 6286 Morris, Maude Tea 7305 Morris, Walter J., Mrs. 4458 Morrison, Azzaman
762 Morton, Grace Elenda 767 Moseley, Sarah Elizabeth
3134 Moss, T. W. 5254 Moss, Win. A. 6287 Mosteller, J. B., Mrs. 6229 Moxley, Lavanah Mrs. 5241 Moye, Mary Elsie
770 Mozely, Henry 771 Mulkey, Beatrice 722 Mulkey, J. D., Mrs. 2539 Mull, Lucile 2147 Mullikin, Marion Frances 1444 Mullinax, Cordia Ruth
89
Demorest Unadilla Sylvania Tifton Hamilton Culberson
Adel Woodbury Pembroke Arlington Woodbury Cairo Pembroke
Lilly Chickamauga Augusta Clyo Cornelia Thomson Eton Murray Moultrie Armuchee Summerville LaFayette Cumming Royston Woodstock Sandersville Barnesville Clayton Toccoa Girard Epworth Haddock Maysville
Ga. Ga Ga. Ga. Ga. N. C.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
5255 2058 5256
773 5257 1445 7470 8555 8254 8698 8533 8791 8748 8819 8417 8419 8420 8466 8482 8467 8468 8255 8327 8531 8532 8535 8927 8976 8977 9019 9164 9165 9184 9129 9264
Mullis, Georgia Lee Mullis, Maggie Mullis, Mary Lizzie Mullis, Rosa Lee Murray, Eula Mae Murray, Paul Mann, Ruth Hazel Mahone, Edna M. Maxwell, Alma Miller, C. D., Mrs. Minton, Lucile Moore, Rubye Morgan, Lucile Massey, Harriett Floy Martin, Sarah Frances Massey, Horace Earl Mosley, Willie B., Mrs. Maney, Ora, Mrs. Mason, Williams Chas., Mrs. Melson, Wenona Mincey, Myrtle Irene Murphree, Mary Leslie Milhollin, Hazel Maloy, Willie May Maning, Delia, Mrs. Mooie, Robt., Mrs. Mahaffey, J. P., Mrs. Moore, Myrtle Morrison, Alma Mewbourn, Sara Morrison, Kate Morrison, Nettie Miller, Jennie Mobley, Idelle McMillan, Alma H., Mrs.
Eastman
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Eastman
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Hull
Ga.
Unadilla
Ga.
Lyons
Ga.
Talbotton
Ga.
Elberton
Ga.
Calhoun
Ga.
Kite
Ga.
Cork
Ga.
Cave Spring
Ga.
Hartwell
Ga.
Shady Dale
Ga.
Canon
Ga.
Jakin
Ga.
Hiawassee
Ga.
Forrest Park .... Ga.
Jonesboro
Ga.
Brooklet
Ga.
Midville
Ga.
Broxton
Ga.
Rhine
Ga.
Lovett
Ga.
Locust Grove Ga.
Vidalia
Ga.
Leo
Ga.
Mt. Vernon
Ga.
Bowman
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Lithonia
Ga.
Hazlehurst
Ga.
Blackshear
Ga.
90
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
9265 Mallard, S. M. 9289 Minter, Vesta 9363 Mabry, Bessie, Mrs. 9404 Milligan, Theo Elizabeth 3299 Mask, Eva Adel
714 Mathis, Ethel 9479 Moore, Irene Hammock, Mrs. 1905 Merchant, Ora Belle 9505 Murphy, Helen Eliza 9506 Murphy, Mildred Rutherford 9545 Moore, Sallie Lucile 9546 Mallard, Sallie M., Mrs. 8055 Miller, P. A., Mrs. 9533 Massey, J. W., Mrs. 6193 Martin, Clara 6619 Morgan, Velma Irene 9570 Mizelle, Florence Lorena 9706 Mitchell, Hollis Dewey 9890 Moye, Florrie 10077 Marshall, Daisy 10190 Mann, Maud 10358 Meadors, Lizzie 10193 Miller, Jessie 10079 Maxwell, Pennie 10087 Murchison, Chas. F., Mrs. 8978 Mosley, Mary Mozelle 10086 Moore, Wilma 10082 Milburn, Eula, Mrs. 10613 Mills, Alyna Marie 10088 Murrell, Ora Howard 10361 Moss, Gwynne 10964 Mixon, Elizabeth 10972 Mercer, Don 11069 Morrison, John Theron 11148 Mullis, Ethel Gladys 10952 Morris, Lizzie Kate
ai
Pelham Jakin Buford Moultrie Covington Cecil Adrian Thomasville Hephzibah Hephzibah Statesboro Atlanta Savannah Barwick Alto Carrollton Woodbine Resaca Dublin Bartow
Gay Leo Fayetteville Calvary Glenwood Jakin Dixie Porter dale Ely Atlanta Cornelia Abbeville Aline Sparks Cochran Hartwell
Ga Ga Ga Ga Ga Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Minn. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
10951 Mailford, Anna Mae 11147 Manley, Nina 11168 Murphy, Mary Estelle 7724 Mallicoat, Alzada Gwendolyn 7816 Mathews, Ethel J.
713 Mathis, Alma Lee 4859 Matthews, W. F., Mrs. 3346 Messimer, Annie Mae 4970 Miller, Cordfe Castleberry 7818 Miller, Marie 1447 Monroe, Elaine Francis
747 Moody, Melle Angeline 5602 Moore, Fred R. 7821 Myers, Leona
716 Mathis, Reba Irene 717 Matt, Evelyn Marie 3303 Matthews, Edna 712 Mathews, Ethel 7047 Matthews, Mattie 720 Matthews, Thomas LaFayette 2089 Manghan, Willie Mae 721 Mauldin, Alice 2530 Mauldin, Florida 6541 Mauldin, Katie Mae 6288 Maye, Mildred Louise 6487 Maynard, Margaret 5788 Mayo, Annie L. Langford, Mrs. 3828 Mayo, Lora Orissa, Mrs. 729 Mayo, Mary Ethel 6485 Maxwell, Martha Jane 4761 Murdock, Jesse 4763 Murphy, Mildred 5258 Murry, Mary 6545 Myers, Florence 7057 Myers, Frank, Mrs. 1446 Myers, Lewis W., Mrs. 11030 Mann, Achsah
Hartwell Eastman Pendergrass Summerville Epworth Cecil Tifton Tunnel Hill Cusseta Rocky Ford Savannah Damascus Cleveland Girard Dublin Barnesville Bartow Lovett Dallas Lilburn Zebulon Clarkesville HosGhton Hartwell Savannah Sylvester Crawford Atlanta Wrightsville Amsterdam Dallas Arlington Hull Hartwell Americus Lincolnton Manchester
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga, Ga, Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
11450 Mercer, Wallace 11201 Middlebrooks, Millie Delitho 6159 Moore, Nettie Mae 4863 Moore, Jas. A., Mrs.
2538 Mooris, Howard 8162 Murphy, Annie Marie 8125 Mahone, Isla Reed 7583 Mann, Gwendolyn 5237 Martin, F. 0. 9705 Matthews, Madelyn 7911 Maxwell, Sara A.
Metter Cartersville Barnesville Hagan Salem Augusta Newnan Buford Nahunta Griffin Adairsville
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ind. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
8749 Neill, Nellie D., Mrs. 7917 Nichols, Eli Cochran 8699 Nutt, Mattie Glynn 7916 Nichols, B., Mrs. 7918 Nichols, Moody 8256 Norman, Sallie Lou, Mrs. 8475 Nicholson, Ruth 8483 Newton, Julia 9131 Newman, Mary 9407 Nessler, Hazel Neal 9408 Newton, D. E., Mrs. 9507 Noland, Emma Bertha 9778 Nixon, J. N., Mrs. 9617 Norman, Ira Harris 9998 Nelson, Eva Sallie 10362 Nabell, Louise Emily 10089 Newton, Pauline 10675 Nix, Sadie Erline 10363 Norman, Iva Seawright, Mrs.
10953 Nelms, Pauline Gladys 11150 Nutt, Marcia 11149 Nicholson, Mabel Stella
Dover
Minn.
Culberson
N. C.
Luella
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Culberson
N. C.
West Point
Ga.
Maxeys
Ga.
Social Circle
Ga.
Newnan
Ga.
Dover
Minn.
Forsyth
Ga.
Adairsville
Ga.
Morganton
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Cartersville.......Ga.
East Point
Ga.
Norman Park . . .Ga.
CarroUton
Ga.
Hartwell
Ga.
Bowman
Ga.
Empire
Ga.
Chester
Ga.
93
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS. Application
Number
3006 5604
807 1990 811
Nail, Frank Nail, Raymond C. Nance, Edythe Neal, Ruth Lucile Neighbors, Vera
Collins
Ga.
Collins
Ga.
Sylvester
Ga.
Graymont
Ga.
Tifton
Ga.
6196 Nelms, Gladys Lee 4764 Nelson, Sara Emily 4765 Ne Smith, Jennie
Commerce
Ga.
Yatesville
Ga.
Norman Park Ga.
3197 Nettles, Thelma Lenora 2940 Nevil, Roxie 1991 New, Bonnie 6125 New, Ellen 6337 Newbern, Ineva
Rockmart
Ga.
Register
Ga.
Canoochee
Ga.
Duluth
Ga.
Ocilla
Ga.
2060 Newnan, Evelyn
Cochran
Ga.
6230 Newsome, Sara Reba
Tennille
Ga.
3463 Newton, Alice E. 6420 Newton, Clara 815 Newton, Mattie
Moultrie
Ga.
Butts
Ga.
Brooklet
Ga.
816 Newton, Mattie C, Mrs.
Alpharetta
Ga.
817 Nichols, Nell Smith, Mrs.
Hartwell
Ga.
6067 Nicholson, Ehtel Leona
Americus
Ga.
6197 Nicholson, Frank
Hiawassee
Ga.
2941 Nimmons, Bessie Lee
Brooklet
Ga.
6569 Nix, Carl Augustus
Bowdon Jet
Ga.
3068 Noble, Ruth
Vienna
Ga.
2061 Noegel, Charles
Cochran
Ga.
3464 Nolen, Ealon
Fairburn
Ga.
5491 Norman, Marie
Lincolnton
Ga.
3884 Normandy, Geo. M., Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
818 Norris, Ethel
Enigma
Ga.
4866 Norris, Ethel, Mrs. 2547 Norton, Eula
Rochelle
Ga.
Tallapoosa
Ga.
4372 Nally, Howard Eugene
Rydal
Ga.
2744 Norman, Pearl, Mrs.
Lincolnton
Ga.
4971 Nelson, Eoline
Yatesville
Ga.
8129 Nichols, Charley D.
Blairsville
Ga.
10510 Nation, Ora Winnie 11038 Norris, Bernice
Chickamauga Ga.
Raleigh
Ga.
91
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
3465 O'connor, Vera 2001 O'dell, Fannie May 1906 Ofister, Helda Mae' 3136 Ogilvie, Annie Mae Leavell 3069 O'Kelley, Annie 3070 O'Kelley, Evelyn Lois
820 Oliver, Cloie 5793 Oliver, Dessie Lee 1737 Oliver, Iola 3886 Oliver, Minnie, Mrs. 2819 Olliff, Fronita Pearl
822 Ollifi, Myrtice M. 821 Ollifi, Saphronia Pearl 2243 Olyphant, Annie Lee 5605 O'Neal, Effie Gean 1933 O'Neal, Mamie Sue 6338 Orr, Alice Beatrice 825 Ouzts, Carrie Lee 5262 Overstreet, Mary Joe 3071 Overstreet, Ruth 4972 Owen, King, Mrs. 7062 Owen, Louise 6069 Owen, Wilson Rainey 4461 Owens, Johnnie Mae 828 Owens, Maude 5684 Owens, Van Dewey 8084 Odom, Grace 7492 Odum, Susie Agnes 6088 Oliver, Sara 8212 O'Quinn, Harriett Louise 5796 Osborne, Julia Bacon, Mrs. 8130 Outen, Mamie Mae 8558 Oliver, A. G., Mrs. 8367 Odom, Mary 9662 Oglesby, Hortense 9779 Orr, Fred W. 9780 Osborne, Alma Celestia
95
Rome
Ga.
Ware Shoals S. C.
Thomasville
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Swainsboro
Ga.
Wrightsville
Ga.
Pooler
Ga.
' Atlanta
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Register
Ga.
Register
Ga.
Wrens
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
Pavo
Ga.
Douglas
Ga.
Helena
Ga.
Wadley
Ga.
Surrency
Ga.
Wedowee
Ala.
Cataula
Ga.
Ellaville
Ga.
Ranger
Ga.
Shellman
Ga.
Calhoun
Ga.
Berlin
Ga.
Glennville
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Hazlehurst
Ga.
Albany
Ga.
Manassas
Ga.
Glennville
Ga.
Trough
S. C.
Havtwell
Ga.
Flowery Branch... Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
10091 Osborne, Frank N. 9709 Ousley, Nona Elithia 10371 Olliff, Agnes
Clermont
Ga.
Miami
pia,
Quitman
Ga.
5263 Pace, Marie 5264 Padgett, Alma Vashti
830 Page, James Gaynor, Mrs. 6289 Page, Mattie Pauline 6013 Page, Ollie Mae 3889 Paine, Dorothy Averill 5492 Palmer, Bertie 832 Palmer, T. E., Mrs. 5934 Paramoure, J. G., Mrs. 4767 Paris, Charley Lelan 840 Parker, Ellalee, Mrs. 5607 Parker, Mary Lillian 6290 Parks, N. F. 4594 Parks, Oma Lucille, Mrs. 5265 Parnelle, Alma 5266 Parr, Minnie Lee 1992 Parrish, Alma Elois 6423 Parrish, Bertha 1934 Parrish, Evelyn 841 Parrish, Florrye Gilbert 1936 Parrish, Hattie Mae 842 Parrish, Mary Gilbert 1935 Parrish, Vera Edna 6424 Parrish, Wilmer 5267 Parrott, Clairse Fagala 7497 Parsons, Ethleen Frix 2656 Partee, Leila 1746 Paschall, Ruth 6127 Patat, Ruth 7312 Patrick, Marie
96
Bostwick Trenton Avera Canton Covena Atlanta Vidalia Camilla Stockton Alpharetta Chipley Trion EHijay Hartley Millen Milford Graymont Register Pavo Adel Pavo Adel Pavo Register Cohutta Hill City Oxford Savannah Auburn Camilla
Ga. S. C.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
4595 Patrick, Maurine 6071 Patterson, E. D., Mrs. 7313 Patterson, James J. 6070 Patterson, Sybil
846 Patton, Margia 847 Paul, Pansy 4772 Paulk, Elbert Theodore 1937 Peacock, Lois Elizabeth 2269 Pearce, Zelma 4377 Pearson, Clarence, Mrs. 5272 Peavy, H. M. 4598 Peddy, Corinne 5688 Peebles, Margaret J. 4465 Peek, Annysue 4466 Peeples, Wilma H. 6366 Pendergrass, Mary Edith 852 Penland, Quentin 2244 Pennington, Abram 853 Perdue, Garland Day 5270 Perdue, Jewel 3314 Perkins, Cora Juanita 3315 Perkins, Hattie Sibyl 5271 Perkins, Irene 2090 Perkins, Ollie 5494 Perkins, Susie Belle 3316 Perry, Florence 5273 Perry, Lora Virginia 2821 Perry, Nellie Marie 7067 Perry, Virginia
857 Peters, Myrtis 4378 Peterson, Dublee 4380 Pettigrew, Paul Peter
859 Petty, Jewell A. 6250 Pettey, Myrtle Marie 4974 Phillips, Angeline Ruth 6596 Phillips, Geo. Dewey
864 Phillips, Myrtle
97
Omega
Ga.
White Springs. . . .Fla.
Blairsville
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Stonewall
Ga.
Cuthbert
Ga.
Ocilla
Ga.
Pavo
Ga.
Bowdon
Ga.
Hiram
Ga.
Benevolence
Ga.
Harrison
Ga.
Pitts
Ga.
Locust Grove Ga.
Chatsworth
Ga.
Rabun Gap
Ga.
Hayesville
N. C.
Dearing
Ga.
Hoschton
Ga.
Wrens
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Butler
Ga.
Milner
Ga.
Stathan
Ga.
Oglethorpe
Ga.
Fayetteville
Ga.
Cuthbert
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Monroe
Ga.
Vidalia
Ga.
LaFayette
Ga.
Grayson
Ga.
Cochran Notasulga
; Ga. Ala.
Clem
Ga.
Stillmore
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
863 4773 6014 6367 6231 4383 2028 6130 3317
868 5615 2245 6140 6368 2091 6496 6570 2167 6547 7320 884 885 1960 7589 5277 887 5278 7075 7321 882 3005 6339 890 891 888 889 5279
Phillips, Nettie Phillips, Nolia Phillips, Rubye Lee Phillips, Sara Mae Pinkerton, Lucy Inez Pirkle, Annie Marye Pirkle, Belden Garnett Pittard, Laura Evelyn Pittman, Ollie Evelyn Pitts, Myrtis Pate * Plunkett, Fairy Mae Pool, Thelma Pollard, Maggie Pool, Katrina Van Pope, Katherine Porcher, Maye Poindexter, Susie Kennedy Posey, Bessie Lou Poss, Edna Pearl Poston, William Powell, Annie Delle Powell, Annie Marie Powell, Carlisle Powell, Chlo Emily Powell, Gladys Powell, Lucille Powell, Mary Alice Powell, Mattie Estelle Powell, Minnie Eunice Powell, Pearl Powell, Robert Lee Powell, W. T., Mrs. Power, Beatrice Powers, Florrie Powers, Lois Naomi Powers, Mary Elizabeth Preston, Edna Irene
Nunez Vidalia Covena Monroe Eatonton Hoschton Buford Duluth Boston Arabi Porterdale Matthews Brooks Atlanta Zebulon Tallahassee Baxley Maitland Union Point Benton Wrightsville Eastanollee Hartwell Arlington Sylvania Wrightsville Brunswick Lumber Crty Meigs Sylvania LaFayette Fitzgerald Tallulah Falls Cordele Monticello Springfield Flovilla
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga. Fla. Ga. Tenn. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application
Number
2945 Preston, Harrison Benton 1907 Price, Mattie Lee 5798 Price, Willie 2868 Prickett, Coiinne Janet 2270 Prickett, Nannie Bettie 5495 Prince, Emmie Julia 2558 Prince, Jessie, Mrs. 2746 Prine, Sallie Mae 3914 Pritchett, Lizzie Lyon, Mrs.
894 Pritchett, Willie Mae 896 Proctor, Bernice Sheppard 5890 Pruett, Amanda Crumley, Mrs. 2747 Puckett, Clarence O. 897 Pullen, Molley 7078 Pulliam, Henly Morris 7323 Purcell, Reba 5284 Purvis, Christine 4468 Putnam, Lula Elmyra 4469 Putnam, Robt. Lee 4470 Putnam, William D. 2869 Pybus, Augusta D. 2550 Pate, Lide 7823 Patterson, Emma Annetta 7734 Patrick, Jennings Bryan 5493 Patrick, Cleo 7824 Payne, Elinor Imogene 7812 Peavey, Florence 849 Peebles, Mattie Carter 5610 Peebles, Annye 850 Peek, Eva Kendrick 6604 Pennington, Grace 7735 Porter, Sallie Mae 2553 Perry, Harriet M. 6129 Phillips, Sara Belle 6199 Pruitt, Maye 1879 Puder, Eleanor V. 8085 Pettit, Ruth Ora
99
Statesboro Thomasville Vidalia Commerce Burwell Dublin Morganton Savannah Atlanta Spring Place Statesboro Anderson Gillsville Alamo Eastanollee Lavonia Ocilla Etowah Gordon Ranger
Sanger Unadilla Sandersville Jackson Omega Oglethorpe Unadilla Swainsboro Hampton Zebulon Concord Buckhead Lavonia Monroe Homer Savannah
Smyrna
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Cal. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
8191 8397 8164 7826 4871 9295 8165 5891 9064 10514
848 11152 11153 8368 8369 7973 7073 8979 9022 9023 9064 9137 9229 9136 9338 8561 9443 5808 9481 9535 9572 8559 7919 7920 7922 8668 8669
Parker, Junella Peatrass, Bessie Lee Pentecost, Clara Lucile Pickens, Cynthia Eleanor Pittman, Lula Maude Poe, Linton J. Prevatt, Alma Faye Pruitt, Robert Adolphus Purdy, James B. Parker, H. J., Mrs. Paul, Annie Louise Poole, Nellie Jane Puckett, Willard M. Parker, Will Ella Perkins, Jno. Cecil Powell, John Rogers Porter, Rosa Lee Phillips, Margaret K. Parker, Mahala K. Patterson, Lottie Virginia Purdy, James B. Phillips, Arthur, Mrs. Pounds, James Carlus Phillips, Annie Patterson, Etna Shaw, Mrs. Peebles, Wilma Nell Pelham, Robert Lee Peters, Virginia Parker, Blanche Park, Virginia Pinkerton, Varina E. Pace, Maude Lou Packer, Janie Grace Partin, Kate L., Mrs. Pearson, Elizabeth Peavy, Essie Carrie Peeples, Nat, Mrs.
100
Greensboro
Ga.
Hanover
Va.
Roopville
Ga.
Stone Mountain... Ga.
Rebecca
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Albany
Ga.
Homer
Ga.
Alto
Ga.
Baxley
Ga.
Sylvester
Ga.
Finleyson
Ga.
Montrose
Ga.
Toccoa
Ga.
Windham
N. C.
Bowersville
Ga.
Rocky Ford
Ga.
Reynolds
Ga.
LaFayette
Ga.
Blairsville
Ga.
Alto
Ga.
Colquitt
Ga.
Lilburn
Ga.
Davisboro
Ga.
Whigham
Ga.
Hampton
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Forsyth
Ga.
Millen
Ga.
LaGrange
Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
Cumming
Ga.
Gore
Ga.
Young Harris Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
Vienna
Ga.
Nashville
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Applica' ion Number
8020 Porter, Annie Lampkin 8701 Prince, Robbie Hill 8021 Pullen, Davis 8835 Patillo, Virla Aurelha 8836 Proctor, Kate Missouri 8469 Pettis, Sarah Joyce 8512 Patterson, Era Gladys 8257 Parker, Herman 8328 Padgett, Laura Murphy 8331 Phillips, Annie Irene 8330 Park, Dewy Coyle 9369 Pinson, Robert A. 9710 Pitner, J. Hinton 9663 Peterson, Lillie 9782 Pearce, Edgar Dixon, Mrs. 9783 Pearson, Margie Bernice 9785 Powe'l, Robert Lewis 10001 Porch, Fannie Mae 9316 Philips, Mamie 10100 Patterson, Alice 10092 Parker, Ruth 10676 Parker, Lois Florine 10201 Patterson, Eunice L.
10591 Papot, Edna 10965 Parsons, Martha 11284 Pearson, O. P., Mrs. 10842 Perkins, Jeffie
4775 900 6100 901
Queen, Horace Frenando Queen, Samuel Quillian, Boyd Baggett Quillian, Mamie McNeely
Atlanta Morganton Rome McDonough Rentz Aragon LaGrange Ludowici. Edgefield Morven Apalachee Ellijay Acsvorth Wadley Sumner Reidsville Sylvania Barnesville Quitman Wrens
Covington Carrollton Boston Atlanta Abbeville Baconton Floience
Culberson Clayton Bethlehem Cass Station
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga,
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
N. C. Ga. Ga. Ga.
101
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
903 Quinn, Henry Grady 3467 Quick, Miss Myrtle 1462 Quintrell, Irene
7324 Rackley, Ruby 905 Ragan, Ruth 908 Raiford, Alice Irene 4776 Raines, Fred 4777 Raines, Jno. Dan 7326 Rainey, Sarah Gladys 2661 Raley, Maud Stokes, Mrs. 1463 Ramsey, Fannie Lee 6161 Ramsey, James Douglas 7590 Ratliff, Dulcie 6292 Ray, Verna 3469 Ray, Wilna 5286 Read, Susie 6425 Reddick, Talmadge, Mrs. 1938 Redfern, Evelyn 914 Redfern, Mary Ellen 6341 Register, Annie Lee 7507 Renfroe, Ethel M. 6293 Reece, Minnie 5502 Reeves, Annie 918 Reeves, Callie 4603 Reeves, Ruby 7663 Reid, Annie J. 2948 Reid, Lizzie Maye 2257 Reinhardt, Mabel 7508 Renfroe, Olive Austell 2663 Reynolds, Claud Henry 2062 Reynolds, Floyd Lee 3073 Rheberg, Elsie 5287 Rhyne, Marion Alexa 3142 Rice, Lillian
Jackson Doerun Epworth
Mt. Vernon Hawkinsville Pavo Warwick Warwick Porterdale Wrightsville Clarkesville Barnesville Summerville Ellijay Cordele Athens Sylvania Pavo Pavo Broxton Rentz Ellijay Munnerlyn Cochran Munnerlyn Augusta McRae Ashburn Rentz Norman Park Finleyson Covington Smyrna Elberton
Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.' Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
102
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
3471 Rice, Vivian Carmel 7079 Richards, Leach, Mrs.
3472 Richter, Mabel 3009 Rife, Kate McHan 2148 Rigdon, Annie Kate
925 Riley, Louise 6427 Rimes, Agnes Leona 6498 Riner, Rufus D. 6497 Rish, Hazel 7509 Ritch, Paul Brown 2561 Ritchie, Carrie 6294 Ritchie, Dora 6428 Roach, Nellie, Mrs. 2946 Roach, Wilbur 5503 Roberts, Annie Lee 7591 Roberts, Charlie Herline
2033 4605
927 4785 5694
Roberts, Ida Roberts, Laura Roberts, Lula Inez Roberts, Marie Roberts, Mary Catherine
926 Roberts, Ola Belle 3322 Robertson, Margaret Elizabeth
3011 4606 6016
3203 5504
Robbins, O. O. Robinson, Ethel, Mrs. Robinson, Monica
Rockett, Ethel Robertson, Eva Helen
3929 Robson, Roberta 3144 Roddenberry, Thelma
1961 Roe, Melzie Mae 5289 Roebuck, Clara Ann 2064 Rogers, Annie Florrie
6500 932 2949 1469
Rogers, Dorothy Rogers, Gertrude Rogers, Nellie Jane Rogers, Martha Louise
103
Royston
Ga.
Carters
Ga.
Cairo
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Adgateville
Ga.
Thomaston
Ga.
Oliver
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Edison
Ga.
Powder Springs . . . Ga.
Rabun Gap
Ga.
Oasis
Ga.
Pembroke
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Pearson
Ga.
Spring Place
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Ocilla
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Doraville
Ga.
Ashburn
Ga.
Jefferson
Ga.
Mansfield
Ga.
Dallas
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Normantown Ga.
Mansfield
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Broxton
Ga.
Bowersville
Ga.
Newnan
Ga.
Montrose
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Winder
Ga.
Cohutta
Ga.
Sparta
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
2232 Rogers, Nita 3012 Rogers, Sara Francis
931 Rogers, Wm. Marion, Jr. 5895 Rohrer, Helen Athleen 3145 Rollins, Hazel 4607 Rose, Adelaide 5292 Ross, Eleanor Roberts 6162 Ross, Emma Lois 3074 Rouse, Clotilde 939 Rowland, Inez 7511 Rowland, Vela 893 Rozar, Annie Mae 7081 Ruarks, Lizzie Maude 7082 Rucker, Frances Susan 5293 Rucker, Ina 5803 Rush, Polly 6431 Rushing, Elena 6432 Rushing, Ollie 3203 Rushing, Zoda 5896 Russell, Henry Luther 5897 Russell, Ida Bernice 943 Russell, Jas. Stacy 6433 Rustin, Barbara Leona 5294 Rustin, Bob Troy 3146 Rustin, Fred 2065 Rutherford, Leona Delia 7083 Ryals, Sallie 6198 Ramsey, Eula Kate 4780 Reese, Lillamae 5691 Reynolds, Charles M., Mrs. 4937 Rhodes, Fannie Wood 5892 Rhyne, Lovie Giddins 4385 Richardson, Maggie 7829 Ritch, Hugh Carlton 7831 Robbins, Eula Mae 6015 Robbins, Kate 4783 Roberts, Cleo Estelle
1C4
Pulaski
Ga.
Jefferson
Ga.
Brunswick
Ga.
Greer
S. C.
Powder Springs . . Ga.
Madison
Ga.
Ameiicus
Ga.
Barnesville
Ga.
Warwick
Ga.
Wrightsville
Ga.
Wrightsville
Ga.
Empire
Ga.
Bostwick
Ga.
Hartwell
Ga.
Tignall
Ga.
Ware Shoals S. C.
Statesboro
Ga.
Register
Ga.
Register
Ga.
Woodbury
Ga.
Lawrenceville Ga.
Turin
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Mauk
Ga.
Mauk
Ga.
Finleyson . . , Ga.
Alamo
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Pavo
Ga.
Finleyson
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Rossville
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Powder Springs . . . Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Grayson
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application
Number
1557 Roberts, Emily 7736 Roberts, Herman Griffin 7737 Robertson, Emmett Aubrey 4787 Robinson, Rilla A., Mrs. 5291 Rogers, Flora Azalia 2664 Rogers, Mamie Louise 7834 Rowland, Alma 7835 Rowland, Annie Laurie 7738 Rudeseal, Vinnie, Mrs. 7925 Redd, Bryan LaFayettp
922 Richardson, Louise 8061 Rehberg, Sadie, Mrs. 6610 Ross, Annie 5800 Reece, Richard H. 7926 Rogers, W. M. 2662 Rawlins, Grace 11155 Reeves, Alice E. 10855 Reynolds, Tempie 11566 Roberts, Jewell 10616 Roberts, Sarah Jow 11191 Rodgers, Commie 10101 Rogers, Lena Evitt, Mre. 10099 Reddick, Alron Reuban, Mrs. 10617 Rudolph, Edwin L.
8450 Rawte, H. C, Mrs. 8562 Reed, Victoria Melvina
8563 Rice, L. Ruth 8792 Risher, Chester D. 8793 Roane, Mabel 8514 Ross, James 8370 Rountree, Emma 8213 Rosser, S. M., Mrs. 8332 Rogers, Lucile 8470 Rhodes, Sara Clarke
8261 Reece, Ora 8214 Rosser, Samuel McKibben
3320 Rish, Emma D.
105
Mobile
Ala.
Hoschton
Ga.
Mt. Zion
Ga.
Ft. Payne
Ala.
Perry
Ga.
Reidsville
Ga.
Wrightsville
Ga.
Wrightsville
Ga.
Baldwin
Ga.
Cumming
Ga.
Cordele
Ga.
Ochlochi\ee
Ga.
Eton
Ga.
Canton
Ga.
Cohutta
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Blakely.
Ga.
Lawrenceville Ga.
Winder
Ga.
Wrens
Ga.
Chattanooga... Tenn.
Parrott
Ga.
Ripon
Wis.
Pulaski
Ga.
Smyrna
Ga.
Elberton
Ga.
Newton
Miss.
Monroe
Ga.
Eton
Ga.
Cobbtown
Ga.
Hampton
Ga.
Springplace
Ga.
Rockmart
Ga.
Ellijay
Ga.
Hampton
Ga.
Edison
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
8880 Rowland, Eula H., Mrs. 9099 Ragan, A. S.
9100 Rowland, Julien Arnold 9141 Rountree, Clyde, Mrs. 9142 Rymer, Maggie 9232 Rice, Grace Lucile 9268 Rogers, Willie Berta 9317 Russell, Pearl 8794 Rogers, Myrtle 9167 Ryals, W. L., Mrs. 9410 Roberts, Doris 9795 Rushin, Elizabeth 9576 Rachels, Arlie Zola 9665 Rheney, Kate 9860 Reddick, Hines, Mrs. 6424 Riggs, Edna 9973 Register, Jewell Lenore 9972 Randall, Annie Merle 10592 Roberson, Melvin T., Mrs. 9140 Rhodes, Roy D., Mrs. 10102 Roller, Mary
Carrollton Pinetta Vidette Vidalia Crandall Dacula Reidsville Dublin Comer Toccoa Sparks Davisboro Blythe Wadley Sylvania Statesboro Dexter Rockmart Atlanta Aragon Union City
Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
7331 998 5619 3475 6343 3934 1967 6501 1001 5295 5297 1002 7084
Saine, Bessie Watson, Mrs. Sale, Owen C, Mrs. Salter, Jim Josey Salter, Winnifred Sammons, Stella Mar Sams, Leila Sanborn, Katherine Sanders, Alma Sanders, Floy Sanders, Grace Estelle Sanders, Joy Sanders, Lois Sanders, Mary Jewel
106
Atlanta Shellman Bartow Thomaston Douglas Jackson Americus Cairo Cuthbert Maysville Comer Camilla Ft. Gaines
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
5296 Sanders, Mozelle 6549 Sanders, Parrie. 3324 Sanders, Roy 5298 Sanders, William Holliday 6017 Sandifer, Lessie Mae 2564 Sapp, Myra L. 3014 Sapp, Mrs. W. P. 6018 Sasser, Audice 2565 Sasser, Clara Lee 2665 Satterfield, Chanie Caroline 5299 Sawyer, Ellene 3937 Saxon, L. A., Mrs. 3147 Saxon, Lizzie Mae 3204 Scurry, Dorothy Dix 1006 Scarbrough, Allie Mae 5300 Scarbrough, Eyleen 3940 Sciple, Meta Nicholls
6019 Scott, Kate Geneva 2748 Scott, Sarah Frances 2439 Scott, Thelma 2871 Scroggs, Annie Grace 5939 Scruggs, Marie Alma 5508 Seaborn, Audrey Nadine 3076 Sealy, Docia Amanda 1011 Sealy, Mildred 6295 Searcy, Estelle 3476 Seaton, Amanda June 1012 Segars, Annette 2066 Segars, Lollie Mae
5621 Self, Alma Irene 7149 Sellers, Augustus L. 3077 Sellars, Ella 4388 Selman, Sara Carolyn 7664 Sessions, Jessie Carolyn 1472 Severence, Gloria R.
107
Rochelle
Ga.
Texas
Ga.
Bowersville
Ga.
Colbert
Ga.
Adrian
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Empire
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Ways Station Ga.
Apison
Tenn.
Blakely
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Omega
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Thomson
Ga.
LaGrange
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Bartow
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Cuthbert
Ga.
Cuthbert
Ga.
Cherry Log
Ga.
Cohutta
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Molena
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Donalsonville Ga.
Douglasville
Ga.
Tennille
Ga.
Ware
Mass.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
2666 Seymour, Eula David 7595 Seymour, Malvine 3078 Shackleford, Maude 3477 Sharp, Florence May 6297 Sharp, Verna Maude 1020 Shaw, Mary Matilda 1019 Shaw, Mattie Lou 2825 Shealy, Clayra 2826 Shealy, Ethel 5305 Shepard, Belle 3949 Shearer, Jos. M., Mrs. 3326 Shearouse, Ruth 4613 Shedd, J. P., Jr. 5304 Shelton, Margaret Elizabeth 4472 Shelor, Sudie 7596 Shepherd, Audrey Mae 7515 Shields, Sara 5622 Shingler, J. S., Jr., Mrs. 6074 Shingler, Ruth Evelyn 7088 Shirley, Annie Lucile 1024 Shirley, Frank Ray 7516 Shive, Rebecca 6502 Shivers, Louna Walters, Mrs 1993 Short, Fay 2003 Short, George Pierce 5306 Shropshire, Susie Mildred 5307 Shuler, Bert 5308 Shuler, Mert 4789 Shultz, Arlie 4790 Shuman, Perry Arthur 7089 Shurley, Louise 6075 Shurley, Viola 1026 Sikes, Florie 6232 Silas, Agnes 4390 Silks, Felton Jackson, Mrs. 5805 Sims, Mary Dwayne 2568 Simmons, Essie Forrest
108
Lavonia Dewey Rose Griffin Eastman Screven Adel Adel Butler Butler East Ellijay Atlanta Rincon Jesup Douglas Dublin Chauncey Thomson Ashburn Cordele Lavonia Clayton Decatur Ashburn Graymont Commerce Summerville Ponder Ponder Mystic Hickox Macon Vienna Chester Thomson Calhoun Jackson Buena Vista
Ga. Ga. Ga, Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Applicat ion
Number
7339 Sims, Nelle 5806 Simmons , Jno. Benjamin 6434 Simmons , Myrtle M. 2930 Simonton, Naomi Dunagan 4791 Simpson Cladith A. 6201 Simpson Elma 4614 Simpson Gretchen 5311 Simpson Martha Ruth 2931 Simpson , Rubye 3329 Simpson , Wm. B., Mrs. 1028 Sineath, Mary Alice 7090 Sinclair, Effie 1030 Singleton, Arthur 3047 Singleton, Bertha
1472 Skeen, Eva Henry, Mrs. 4792 Skelton Irene 4793 Slade, Charles Kenneth 7519 Slade, Mae, Mrs. 7346 Smith, '.Nina Peyton 1051 Smith, Sadie Modena 4473 Sisk, Annie Alline 5624 Smith, Annie 6344 Smith, Beatrice Gertrude 1036 Smith, Carol C, Mrs. 1037 Smith, Carrie 3330 Smith, Charles L. 2570 Smith, Clarice 5315 Smith, Dewey Francis 4618 Smith, Edith
6550 Smith, Elizabeth 1038 Smith, Ethel 1039 Smith, Ethel 7343 Smith, Elizabeth Hayes 1042 Smith Fannie Mae 4795 Smith Frank 4474 Smith Gertrude 531 Smith Goldie M.
109
Eatonton Cleveland Statesboro Lawrenceville Gainesville Talmo Gainesville Norcross Auburn Lumpkin Adel Alamo Clayton Dulbin Chickamauga
Toomsboro Cordele Meansville Dublin Screven Rocky Face Pelham West Green Buford Greensboro Middleton Clayton Royston Pinehurst
Sharpsburg Monticello Marshallville Atlanta Camilla Statesboro Blakely Hull
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
6551 Smith, Grace 5514 Smith, Grace Williard 4796 Smith, Hattie 5309 Smith, Hattie C., Mrs. 5317 Smith, Ida 5625 Smith', Ida Mae 4976 Smith, John Andrews, Mrs 1046 Smith, Julia Pope 1047 Smith, Katie 6030 Smith, Leslie L., Mrs. 7345 Smith, L. H., Mrs. 5319 Smith, Mamie Sue 4620 Smith, Ouida 5320 Smith, O. S., Mrs. 3965 Smith, Rubie Hill 1052 Smith, Sara Mary 1053 Smith, Stella 7347 Smith, Thomas Bayard 5322 Smith, Vera Clare 5516 Smith, Vestina Elizabeth 1056 Smith, Viola, Mrs. 2132 Smith, Winnie Davis 954 Speer, Sarah Louise 7598 Sorrells, Idola 948 Sorrelo, Samuel Jackson 6369 Sorrells, Nelle 5324 Sorrow, Mary Willie 7665 Sosebee, Arthur M. 5811 Souther, Fannie Lee 5812 Souther, Viola Pauline 7150 Spell, Golie Mae 4799 Spence, Mary Sibyl 6503 Spinks, Jewel Ford, Mrs. 4393 Sproull, Fannie Rebecca 3035 Spurlock, Mildred Christine 6436 Stacy, Mary Alma
110
Burwell St. Mary's Wrens Georgetown Pinehurst Cork Atlanta Rome Screven Sale City College Park Athens Edison Athens Atlanta Jackson Gainesville Dixie Thomson Norma Adel Monticello Senoia Rockmart Fairmount Monroe Bairdstown Orange Choestoe Choestoe Naylor Alpharetta Tifton Rome Carrollton Taylor's Creek
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Tenn. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
7666 Stalnaker, Olive E. 6204 Stamey, Henry Carlton
5325 Stanford, Stephen Mack
2576 Stanford, Susie
5326 Stephens, Daisy 6370 Stephens, Ila Mae 4623 Stephens, Leona White, Mrs.
5628 Stephens, Louisa 3484 Stevens, Carolyn Rose
5327 Stevens, Essie L.
3331 Stevens, Thelma 3332 Stevens, William Oris 4624 Stevens, Myrtle Jolly, Mrs.
6552 Stevenson, Lillian Belle
5328 Stewart, Mary M.
2827 974 5522 975
Stiles, Floy Stiles, Penelope Eliza Stockwell, Lizzie, Mrs. Stokes, Ruby Estelle, Mrs.
7097 Stonecypher, Bonnie A.
995 St. John, Ulysses M.
5906 Stone, Dorothy
6234 Stone, Inez
980 Storey, Lucy 4394 Story, lone 7098 Stowe, Lula Victoria
6437 Strange, Louis E. 5329 Strickland, E. H., Mrs.
6163 Strickland, Kathleen
5629 Strickland, Mamie
4396 Strother, Fleta
7667 Stubbs, Lorraine 6251 Studstill, Annie Mae
991 Sutton, Juanita 1968 Swain, Catherine Louise
3206 Swain, Etta Mae 3334 Swain, Winfred Inez
ill
Broxton
Ga.
Demorest
Ga.
Flowery Branch... Ga.
Smithville
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Monroe
Ga.
Pelham.
Ga.
Cornelia
Ga.
Newnan
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Sale City
Ga.
Sale City
Ga.
Bremen
Ga.
Toccoa
Ga.
Blue Ridge
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Axson
Ga.
Girard
Ga.
Clayton
Ga.
Jasper
Ala.
Abbeville
Ga.
Sparta
Ga.
Roopville
Ga.
Concord
Ga.
Eastanollee
Ga.
Swainsboro
Ga.
Harrison
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
Glennville
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Claxton
Ga.
Milan
Ga.
Pearson
Ga.
Americus
. Ga.
Hazlehurst
Ga.
Hazlehurst
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
6020 6083 4877 5523 3491 6252 7102 7600 2579 7838 7929 7839 1007 7840 7739 7740 7741
961 7744 7349 3490 8065 8066 7342 8215 7978 12266 8195 8196 11202 11157 10374 3015 11522 8025 9581
Swarm, Lois Swearingen, Robt. Lee Swearingen, Rubye Swicord, Louise Swindle, Henry Charles Swinson, Eloise Swint, Marion W. Swofford, Eula Vaughn Sykes, Gladys Saville, Robbie Segars, W. H. Scarborough, Eber Liela Scarborough, Ernestine Seckinger, Kathleen Sheppard, Sara Evelyn Smith, Ada, Mrs. Smith, Laura Stallworth, Mary Gladys Stevens, Lucy Stoughton, Emma Sweat, Minnie May Shadix, J. W. Smith, Fannie Clyde Smith, Edrie L. Z. Sellers, Maude Sewell, J. A., Mrs. Shore, Mary Elizabeth Shores, Alice Shores, Eva Shackelford, Mary E. Sikes, Bessie Evelyn Sims, Fannie Sims, Frances Slappy, Gladys Smith, Lillian Ruth Smith, Mary Jo
112
Matthews
Ga.
Charing
Ga.
Vienna
Ga.
Climax
Ga.
Demorest
Ga.
Sharpes
Fla.
Milner
Ga.
Clayton
Ga.
Cobbtown
Ga.
Maysville
Ga.
Commerce
Ga.
Danielsville
Ga.
Finleyson
Ga.
Clyo
Ga.
Tennille
Ga.
Blundale
Ga.
Demorest
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Austell
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Marietta
Ga.
Pine View
Ga.
Emerson
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Bainbridge
Ga.
Cairo
Ga.
Cairo
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Chester
Ga.
Cleveland
Ga.
Maysville
Ga.
Sylvester
Ga.
Bartow
Ga.
McDonough
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
12268 Strand, Lyda Annette 11451 Suddath, Sarah Elizabeth 10868 Spearman, F. G. 11203 Smith, Mattie Rose 12207 Swann, Serena 10212 Sanders, May 4792 Skelton, Irene
9836 Saxon, Eva Christine 9791 Stelling, Richard Nunnally 9751 Stovall, Cleo 9821 Stripling, Roro 9862 Smith, Jesse Guy 9976 Sibley, Elizabeth Catharine 10935 Sears, Ena 10936 Smith, Evelyn 10647 Smith, Minnie Lee 10873 Stewart, Zadie Beatrice 10115 Stanford, Jessa Margaret 10105 Sanders, Effie Carolyn 10213 Silvey, Pauline Faye 10628 Short, Dock 10682 Stipe, Harvie Jordan 10219 Sylan, Linda 10967 Smith, Susie 10966 Smith, Mattie 8704 Shafe, Annie 7977 Scott, Mamie Heiskell 3204 Scurry, Dorothy Dix 8799 Smith, Bessie M., Mrs. 7520 Smith, Hattie Vine 8619 Smith, Lola Jewell 8705 Snow, Mary Geneva 8676 Stanford, Mary Frances 8576 Stephenson, W. D., Mrs. 7599 Stevens, Myrtice Lucile
Rome
Ga.
Metter
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Cork
Ga.
Hampton
Ga.
Bowersville
Ga.
Toomsboro
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Logansville
Ga.
Altamaha
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Alamo
Ga.
Glenwood
Ga.
Milner
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Highland Park.. Tenn.
Griffin
Ga.
Wasington
Ga.
Maysville
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Abbeville
Ga.
Abbeville
Ga.
Smyrna
Ga.
Leefield
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Ashland
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Lyerly
Ga.
Forsyth
Ga.
Mt. Vernon
Ga.
Bowersville
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
113
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
8800 Stilwell, Annie N., Mrs. 8842 Stephens, Sweden 8843 Stokes, Essie Cornelia 8404 Sims, John L.
8406 Stephenson, Bonnie 8454 Sutton, Herschel K. 8135 Smith, Ella B. 6613 Sanders, Eunice Amanda 9234 Sims, Alton B. 9318 Sims, Allice 9340 Smith, Ruby 9374 Stinson, Mary Alice 9412 Sirmans, Kathleen 9469 Stribling, Cecile Irene 9446 Smith, Caroline Ophelia 9447 Southwell, Velma, Mrs. 9467 Stephenson, A. L. O. 9466 Stephens, Estelle 2036 Strickland, Pauline 3323 Sams, Frank 2932 Smith, Ruby 7927 Salter, Annelle, Mrs. 9541 Simmons, Florence Graham 9581 Smith, Mary Jo 9413 Smith, Mattie Mark 9668 Sikes, B. G., Mrs. 8337 Sims, Mary Lou 8339 Smith, Rubye Irene 8264 Smith, Corrie 8268 Stapleton, Marietta 8333 Sewell, Gladys Evelyn 8932 Sanders, Bert Watson, Mrs. 8881 Selvidge, Lucile 8934 Smith, Tessie 8887 Stophlet, Anna Gertrude 8890 Summerlin, Mary Neville, Mrs. 8982 Sanders, Kermit
114
College Park Ga.
Toccoa
Ga.
Samson
Ala.
Lincolnton
Ga.
Summerville
Ga.
Hiawassee
Ga.
Bowling Green.... Ky.
Mineral Bluff Ga.
Lawrenceville Ga.
Woodbury
Ga.
Woodbury
Ga.
Gordon
Ga.
Sparks
Ga.
Woodbury
Ga.
Cumming
Ga.
Sylvester
Ga.
Coolidge
Ga.
Wrightsville
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Bartow
Ga.
Dublin
Ga.
McDonough
Ga.
Royston
Ga.
Damascus
Ga.
Maysville
Ga.
Buchanan
Ga.
Toccoa...
Ga.
Wrens
Ga.
Lavonia
Ga.
Danielsville
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Toccoa
Ga.
Hartwell
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
8983 8755 8063 9147 5623 9144
Strain, Mary Lou Smith, Mrs. Linda McKibben Sconyers, Alma Swicord, Rosa Lee Slater, Pauline Augusta Sellers, I. L., Mrs.
5331 Tanner, Cassie 2830 Tanner, Essie Victoria 2673 Tanner, Oneita 5818 Tanner, Tressa Julia 7355 Tatum, Byron Clayton 3335 Tatum, Helen Lucille 2831 Tavel, Pauline 5332 Taylor, Belle 2580 Taylor, Bessie Mae 6164 Taylor, Ethel 6553 Taylor, Ethel 7103 Taylor, J. S., Mrs. 6505 Taylor, Lillie Ruth 1068 Taylor, Lovie Lee 6021 Taylor, Marie 1067 Taylor, Martha 1069 Taylor, Mary Lizzie 1070 Taylor, Nellie Pearl 1071 Taylor, Ollie Ruth 6441 Taylor, Omer 6506 Taylor, Pearl 4397 Taylor, Ruby Mae 6084 Taylor, Susie 2272 Taylor, Veila Ruth 6022 Taylor, Velma 7356 Temples, Mary Lee 7357 Tennant, Gladys K.
3152 Terrell, P. M., Mrs.
Sugar Valley Covington Annapolis Climax Savannah Quitman
Ga. Ga. Md. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Dacula
Ga.
Flowery Branch.. .Ga.
Carl
Ga.
Sandersville
Ga.
Valley Head
Ala.
Autreyville
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Pendergrass
Ga.
Eastman
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Powder Springs.. .Ga.
Cordele
Ga.
Cairo
Ga.
Vienna
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Vienna
Ga.
Culloden
Ga.
Blythe
Ga.
Culloden
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Cairo
Ga.
Carnesville
Ga.
Americus
.Ga.
Clem
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Roanoke
Ala.
Marietta
Ga.
115
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
5525 Terry, Jennie Lucile 2950 Thacker, E. L. 2470 Tharpe, Julia Drane 6085 Thayer, Louise Estelle 5822 Thigpen, Mattie Inez 1075 Thomas, Carl H. 5333 Thomas, Cora Jane 3984 Thomas, Elizabeth 3081 Thomas, Ina Ruth 1076 Thomas Leamon 2583 Thomas, Martha Virginia 6086 Thomas, Mary Helen 5334 Thomas, Orpha Sue 2584 Thomas, Ozzie M. 1077 Thomas, Vera 4399 Thomas, W. H., Mrs. 6438 Thompson, Elizabeth 5336 Thompson, Ida Mae 6133 Thompson, Lucy Kate 5633 Thompson, Marjorie 3082 Thompson, Vera 6301 Thompson, William M. 3495 Thornhill, Allene 3496 Thornhill, Pascal 3083 Thornton, Mary Frances 5337 Thurmond, Willie Mae 1489 Tidwell, Elizabeth 3210 Tillman, Mary Elizabeth 5634 Timmons, Christena 1490 Tinley, Mamie Rebecca 5338 Tinsley, Sara 5908 Tippett, Gladys 6555 Todd, Belle 5339 Todd, Inez 7107 Toles, Faye 3084 Tomberlin, Alma 3085 Toole, Sara Parker
116
Chats worth
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
Ashburn
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Soperton
Ga.
Higdon's Store.... Ga.
Morganton
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Haralson
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
Wilner
Ga.
Smithville
Ga.
Toccoa Falls
Ga.
Phil Campbell. ...Ala.
Canton
Ga.
Flowery Branch... Ga.
Swainsboro
Ga.
Brinson
Ga.
Monroe
Ga.
Swainsboro
Ga.
Byromville
Ga.
Waleska
Ga.
Barwick
Ga.
Barwick
Ga.
Carlton
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Monroe
Ga.
Waleksa
Ga.
Millen
Ga.
Morgan
Ga.
Vienna
Ga.
Shaprsburg.
Ga.
Alvaton
Ga.
Lyerly
Ga.
Waycross
Ga.
Lorane
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
3497 Torbett, Jane 3338 Touchstone, Mary 1088 Towns, Ernest 4631 Tracy, Pauline 1091 Trammell, Louise 2828 Trapp, Edna Idell 2235 Trapnell, Leo Burnett 2587 Treadaway, Ruth Frances 1493 Trice, Mary Otis 3340 Trotman, Clifford, Mrs. 2832 Truluck, D. M. 5528 Tucker, Charles Hilliard 1099 Tucker, Violet 6557 Tuggle, Margaret Vincent 5342 Turner, Corinne 4632 Turner, Edgar 2037 Turner, Emily L. 2756 Turner, Frances Gilder 1495 Turner, Hoyt 6303 Turner, J. Howard 5909 Turner, Mack Thomson 6442 Turner, Marguerite 6558 Turner, Mattie Will 6235 Twilley, Lois 7535 Twitty, J. D., Mrs. 4633 Tyler, Bertha Kellogg, Mrs. 1109 Tyner, Lonnie D. 1110 Tyson, Grace 2875 Tyus, Eunice Inez 6206 Taylor, Eva M., Mrs. 4626 Taylor, Kathryn 3493 Templeton, Emma Rowland 4476 Terry, Annie Verdell 7847 Thompson, Mattie Buckner 7603 Thompson, Alice 7747 Toomey, Mildred
117
Cork Flippen Glenwood Cedartown Carrollton Reynolds Metter Quitman Cochran Rossville Vienna Griffin Conyers Union Point Rayle Trenton Carrollton Atlanta Eastanollee Loving Butler Statesboro White Plains Jewell Gainesville Dalton Elberton Adel Cairo Atlanta Franklin Hephzibah Curryville Darien Swainsboro Washington
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
1093 Trippe, Mrs. E. Milner 5529 Turley, Alice Eudora 6439 Turner, Annie Laurie 6304 Turner, Mary Catherine 4881 Turner, Stansell Welwood 4443 Turner, Rosa Melson 2131 Tyler, Sarah Lee
7936 Thompson, Jennie Mae, Mrs. 8067 Taylor, Annie Q.
5907 Thomason, Lessie 8622 Tanner, Bernice
8564 Teasley, Jouriel
8757 Thomason, G. M., Mrs. 8706 Thompson, Flaudie Julia 8624 Turner, Chas. McNiel 8198 Tyner, Bessie Eugenia 8270 Thompson, Eva
1086 Tompkins, Levi R.
2233 Tatum, Bowie Mable 8758 Timmerman, Alice Ruth 8985 Tatum, Ollie Mae
8986 Taylor, Foster
8988 Tomlinson, Jimmie Lee 9035 Tucker, Mamie Odessa 9189 Thompson, Leo Cline, Mrs. 9190 Tuggle, Martha Brantley 9299 Taliaferro, Louise N. 9169 Thompson, S. C, Mrs. 9238 Teasley, Fannie Willie 9375 Turner, Mae Russell, Mrs. 9449 Turner, Howard C, Mrs. 8708 Trexler, Jessie R., Mrs. 9483 Thompson, Mazelle, Mrs. 9624 Thomas, Onie
9793 Taylor, Nellie Vilma 9978 Turner, Ellie
Cartersville
Ga.
Flintstone
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Tate
Ga.
Fitzgerald
Ga.
Armuchee
Ga.
Monticello
Ga.
Swainsboro
Ga.
Locust Grove Ga.
Ayersville
Ga.
Rabun Gap
Ga.
Hartwell
Ga.
Toccoa
Ga.
Vidette
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Wayside
Ga.
Conyers
Ga.
McDonough
Ga.
Metter
Ga.
Plains
Ga.
Cohutta
Ga.
Rentz
Ga.
Douglas
Ga.
Ocilla
Ga.
Waleska
Ga.
Stone Mountain... Ga.
Lyerly
Ga.
Lithonia
Ga.
Alpharetta
Ga.
McDonough
Ga.
Hapeville
Ga.
Anniston
Ala.
Comer
Ga.
Lee
Ga.
Elberton
Ga.
Rayle
Ga.
118
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
9625 Trammell, Ruth Elizabeth., Mrs. Columbus
Ga.
9924 Tedder, Ruby Elizabeth
Dawson
Ga-
5632 Taylor, Grace
Tallulah
Ga.
10220 Terrell, Rena Mae
Cedartown
Ga.
10124 Twiggs, Robie Lee
Hiawassee
Ga.
10122 Thrasher, Jennie
Quitman
Ga.
10119 Thomas, Allene Sharpe
Dalton
Ga.
10531 Twitty, Mary
Norcross
Ga.
8167 Tarpley, Kinsey G.
Blairsville
Ga.
8168 Tarpley, Nell B., Mrs.
Blairsville
Ga.
1455 Tatum, Audie
Varnells Station . .Ga.
4878 Taylor, Jessie
Abbeville
Ga.
5821 Tebeau, Char It on Watson
Guyton
Ga.
12269 Tinsley, Marcella Seaton
Macon
Ga.
8137 Todd, Wm. G.
Butts
Ga.
7982 Turner, Ethel
Kirkland
Ga.
8169 Turner, Floy W., Mrs.
Cedartown
Ga.
5345 Tyner, Bessie
Danielsville
Ga.
2234 Tatum, Mary Lou
Metter
Ga.
11307 Tillman, Sara E.
Thomasville
Ga.
11452 Turner, Duchess
Metter
Ga.
1111 Underwood, Bertha
Blun
Ga.
6559 Underwood, Irene
Mystic
Ga.
1112 Underwood, Mae
Blun
Ga.
2670 Usher, Mildred Juanita
Lumpkin
Ga.
6236 Underwood, Mattie Ivey, Mrs. Sparta
Ga.
9322 Underwood, Fannie, Mrs.
Gainesville
Ga.
10595 Urquhait, D. W.
Avera
Ga.
1794 Varnedoe, Janie A., Mrs. 5346 Vaughan, Flavia
119
Savannah
Ga.
Jeffersonville Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
5347 4635 2591 1118 1120 2672 2671 1121 1115 4882 6237 6134 6238 6347 6087 7941 8579 8490 8989 10955
11205
Vaughn, Madera Blanche Vaughter, Miriam Venable, Dovena Vest, Geneva Vickers, Virginia Vinson, Hazel Inez Vinson, Gladys Neola Vinson, R. G., Mrs. Vanlandingham, Ola Varn, Willie Tallulah Vaughn, Hattie Belle Vaughn, Raymond Veal, Lila Belle Vickers, Susie Vines, Claud Edward Vandiver, Lillian Morene Verner, John Early Vaughn, Herschel Reed Vandiver, Jewel S. Vasser, Evelyn
Veasey, Mary Fannie
7944 6207 7109 5348 1123 3087 2952 6135 6165 2759 2674 5350 5351
Whitfield, Buena Waters, Ruth Waddell, Guy Waddell, Mamie Wade, Mrs. Maude Wadley, Sue Wages, Bernice Wages, Emory Speer Wainwright, Sara Waits, Maymee Walden, Pauline Waldrep, Bessie Waldrep, Miss Kathleen
Carnesville Elberton Jefferson Rome Tifton Douglas Douglas Eatonton Wrightsville Ludowici Leesburg Washington Sandersville Ambrose Putney Martin Atlanta Macon Canoochee Hartwell Crawford
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ducktown Gillsville Appalachee Rochelle Cochran Bolingbroke Lawrenceville Dacula Knoxville Atlanta Sylvester Forsyth Eatonton
Tenn. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
120
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
1125 Waldron, Maggie 1128 Walker, Dozier K. 2038 Walker, Inez 4940 Walker, Josephine 1127 Walker, Mamie Moddell 2039 Wa'ker, Mamie Tom 1129 Walker, Roosevelt, Mrs. 2770 Wall, Grace Gertrude 2769 Wall, Icie Savannah 4477 Wallace, Inez Eugenia 4636 Waller, EldieE. 4637 Waller, Mattie 6560 Walls, Bartlett Elmer 1136 Walraven, Gladys 5353 Walters, Carruth 1135 Walters, Ernestine 1951 Walters, Estes Dolly 5701 Walton, Arthur Roland 4405 Walters, Helen Weisiger, Mrs. 6443 Wammock, Ella Mae 1141 Ware, Pearle, Mrs. 7110 Wans'ey, Susie 6255 Ward, Minnie 1138 Ware, Edith 6445 Warnock, Janie 2237 Warren Nobie 2953 Warwick, Jewel Gladys 6023 Waters, Clara Belle 6446 Waters, Elma George 6447 Waters, Eunice Estelle 5826 Waterman, Shirley M. 1148 Waters, Annie Belle 1499 Waters, Delia 6024 Waters, Essie Ree 1149 Waters, Eunice 4814 Watkins, Mattie McBride, Mrs.
Lizella
Ga.
Roberta
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Dahlonega
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Clayton
Ga.
Clayton
Ga.
Norman Park Ga.
Swainsboro
Ga.
Soperton
Ga.
Roopville
Ga.
Curryville
Ga.
Martin
Ga.
Ellaville
Ga.
Hartwell
Ga.
Way cross
Ga.
Harlem
Ga.
Adrain
Ga.
Springvale
Ga.
Elberton
Ga.
Dexter
Ga.
Thomson
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Stillmore
Ga.
Dacula
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Thomasville
Ga.
Epworth
Ga.
Epworth
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Stevens Pottery... Ga.
121
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS. Application
Number
Son 5700
1154 1153 6561 99^8 2238
5534 1802
158 6507 1160
^a*fin\TWarren CWatley, Nancye Janie
Watson, Eleanor Watson, Herman A. Watson, J. F. w + xtr i Watson, Wallace
Watson, Nancy Way, Margaret Elizabeth
Weatherly, RuSsie Weaver, Came Weaver, Eloise
5 5356
163
5913
1162 7114 4815
wth'ri;06. Webb, Christine Webb, Gurtrel.
Webb, Louie Virgil
Webb, Mildred Margaret Webb, Susie Mable Webber, J. R.
m J wekS' 5Bm,S? 1165 Weese, Dora Mae
6090 witaTUb' HSther 2SS It\ ;!%,
Cedar Grove Ga.
Howard
Ga
Thomson..'.'.'.'.'" Ga'
GP,aTMd^sd,ena
Ala' ^ia-
Powder Springs...Ga.
Metter.
Ga
Unadilla.... " 'Ga' Nashville "Tenn'
Hoschton.....'.'.'.. Ga!
Ray City
Ga
Reynolds
' Ga'
Lawrenceville.:::'.S:
Sumter
Ga
(^\\\\\\\
Alpharetta
Ga
Forsyth Roh,Tta[
0hoopee
""P!"
*
Pierceville. ..'.'.'.'.'.' Ga.'
Epworth
Ga
^ynesboro.':::.Gaa:
Buena Vista
Ga.
5829 Wells, Lemma
1167 Wells, Minnie Inez 5638 Wells, Naomi Hortense 7152 Wells, Stella Grace 1168 West, Addie Augusta 2598 West, Ezzie Myrtle 7855 West, Gladys Clair 1502 West, J. A. 171 West, Stella 1501 West, W. T., Mrs. 1503 West, William T.
7542 Whaley, Margaret C. 5361 Wheeler, Azzie Estelle 2599 Wheeler, Carrie 7117 Wheeler, Eddie Joe
122 -
Jesup
G&
Mt. Vernon " Ga
Mt Vernon LudoTM
LaFayette
PQ" Ga ' Ga'
Kite
r
Camak
Ga'
Wray.....'
Ga
Clarkesville ..'. " Ga'
Bartow. .
Ga'
Bartow.
Mayfield " Ga"
Jefferson " "Ga'
Titus
r
Dallas.'.'.'.'.'.' Ga'
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
6031 Wheless, G. O., Mrs. 2149 Wheeler, Julia Elizabeth 2600 Wheeler, Leonora 7369 Wheeler, Maudie McAlum, Mrs. 5360 Wheeler,, Vergie Mae 6508 Whiddon, Ethel 5703 Whitaker, Sara Arthur 1177 White, Alvin Kirby 5366 White,Bessie Mae 5535 White, Eunice 5362 White, Kathleen 5363 White, Lois Eugenia 4884 White, Mary 5537 White, Una 2761 White, William Keller 1182 Whitehurst, Margaret Aline 7370 Whitfield, Evie W. 9515 Wilbanks, Gladys 9543 Williamson, Hymae 9586 Willingham, Ira, Mrs. 5364 Whitlow, Ellie Amolee 5365 Whitlow, Moody Talmage 1999 Whitlow, William Hoyt 1184 Whitmire, Homer Glenn 6208 Whitmire, Lola 5368 Whittle, Claire 5367 Whitmire, Mary 3023 Wier, Mary Lou 5369 Wiggins, Bertha Margaret 7674 Wilbanks, Carnie May 2675 Wilbanks, Rubye Josephine 2246 Wilcher, Mary Eleanor 7153 Willcox, Daisy 1188 Wilbanks, Estelle 1505 Wilder, Irene 6509 Wilder, Leland C, Mrs.
Alapaha Bradley Titus Lambert Jefferson Chula Conyers Dalton Winterville Greenbush Dublin Bainbridge Gore Amity Ashburn Sparks Milledgeville Maysville Covena Cedartown Carnesville Canon Demorest Gainesville Talma Thomaston Bowman Athens Cornelia Summerville Maysville Gibson Hinesville Chatsworth Musella Pelham
123
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
1973 Wilkerson, Carrie 1192 Wilkes, Julia 3155 Wilkes, Lizzie B. 1191 Wilks, Jewel E. 6209 Willbanks, Blanche 6210 Willbanks, Winnie Belle 2604 Williams, Annie Ruth 1744 Williams, B. C, Mrs. 6449 Williams, Carrie Lee 1196 Williams, Clara 3505 Williams, Edna Mae 1898 Williams, Ernestine M. 5370 Williams, Ethel Turner 1974 Williams, Fannye Irene 4640 Williams, Foy L. 6450 Williams, Hazel 1200 Williams, Irene 1939 Williams, Irma Eleita 5372 Williams, Jamye Carolyn 5373 Williams, Mrs. Laura B. 6093 Williams, Mary Eleanor 7371 Williams, Martha Blanche 6094 Wulliams, Olin, Mrs. 1201 Williams, R. 0. 2004 Williams, Robert Walter 4820 Williams, Ruth 1507 Williams, Susie Byrd 5374 Williams, Will H. 3156 Williamson, Mrs. Annie Kelley 1206 Williamson, Clyde Mable 4410 Williamson, Elizabeth 4023 Williamson, Helen Janetta 6562 Williamson, John Elbert 5376 Williamson, Josie 4411 Williamson, Ruby Louise 4821 Williford, W. E., Mrs. 7675 Willingham, Minnie E.
124
Fitzgerald Adel Moultrie Adel Clarkesville Clarkesville Ringgold Georgiana Oliver Lutheisville Attapulgus Savannah Covington Fitzgerald Rock Springs Sylvania Senoia Pavo Richland Winterville Americus Tifton Americus Carrollton Demorest Howard Lawrenceville Gutyon Jefferson Jackson Sylvester Atlanta Roopville Cordele Atlanta Eatonton Augusta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. '. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
6523 Willis, Christina 5706 Willis, Julia Frances 6254 Willis, Pauline 4641 Wills, Beulah Edna 4642 Wilson, Alberta Araminta 1208 Wilson, Alma Jesamine 1209 Wilson, Hantie Videlle 2958 Wilson, J. L., Mrs. 2765 Wilson, Lucy Maddox, Mrs. 2133 Wilson, Margie Louise 1213 Wilson, Ruth Jane 5377 Wilson, Ruth Pratt 5378 Wilson, Thelma Anamable 5707 Wilson, Thomas W., Mrs. 1969 Wilson, Verlie 5379 Wimberly, Carrie Lou 6067 Wimberly, Lottie Taylor 4412 Wincey, Susan 4643 Windham, Annie Jewel 3347 Windham, Bernice 6563 Wingo, Mildred 3021 Wingo, Ozelma 6239 Winslette, Margaret Elizabeth 2609 Wise, Alice Mae 4822 Wise, Effie Florine 4414 Wise, Mary Ellen 5380 Witherington, Corinne 5381 Witherington, Myra 6308 Withrow, J. J. 6309 Withrow, Theron Clifford 2960 Witherow, Pearl, Mrs. 3088 Wolfe, Ruth Evelyn 6026 Wommack, Georgia Ree 6240 Wommack, Lucy 4644 Wood, Annie Sue 3086 Wood, Louise 1810 Wood, Maude Evelyn
125
Cochran Chauncey Cochran Moultrie Moultrie Morganton Jefferson Valdosta Jackson Monticello Traer Eastanollee Crandall Culloden Screven Jeffersonville Cochran Moultrie Reynolds Rincom LaGrange Palmetto Eatonton Jackson Hampton Plains Dexter Dexter Ellijay Odum Ellijay Dublin Adrian Tennille Camilla Loganville Pulaski
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. la. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
1219 Wood, Paralee 2766 Wood, W. G., Mrs. 7676 Woods, Evelina Knox, Mrs. 6166 Woods, Josie
1220 Woodall. Geo. N., Mrs. 3024 Woodall, Mattie Pye 7124 Woodard, Theodore 6136 Woodruff, Mae Forrester, Mrs 3232 Woods, Ruth 7553 Woodward, Celestia 3025 Woodward, Ethel V. 1222 Woodward, Josie Belle 1227 Wooten, Carl 1226 Wooten, Valda 2612 Wray, Willie Neese 5833 Wren. Annie Mae 2247 Wren, Sara Pilcher 1229 Wright, Bertha 7605 Wright, Geo. 0. 6311 Wright, Henry Flemming 6312 Wright, H. F., Mrs. 1232 Wright, Ua 5382 Wright, Marguerite 1230 Wright, Ruby 5641 Wright, R. P., Mrs. 3016 Wrinkle, Jennie Mae 5383 Wyche, Lois Alma 5384 Wynn, Bernice Inez 5385 Wynn, Jessie Louise 2877 Wynne, Claude 2961 Wyatt, Leila 5916 Wynn, J. Garland, Mrs. 5386 Wynn, Marie 3343 Wallace, Lena Gladys 2426 Ware, Adele 7537 Warren, Abbie Elizabeth 2593 Waters, Laura E.
126
Hiawassee Dallas Tennille Jackson Dallas Woodland Eastman
Walnut grove Cuthbert Hephzibah Bainbridge Lawrenceville Tifton McRae Cedartown Vidette Wrens Decatur Toccoa Alpharetta Alpharetta Adel. ... Cochran Adel Carlton Dalton
Luthersville Statesboro Statesboro Sandersville Brooklet Decatur Statesboro Dalton Atlanta Chamblee Epworth
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY--A CLASS.
Application Number
7854 Watts, Mary Lyon, Mrs. 7540 Wells, Bessie Lee, Mrs. 7856 Wheeler, Nellie Mae 7860 Wilson, Charles N., Mrs. 7134 Winburn, Edna Ruth 1223 Woodward, Mattie Kate 7861 Woolbridge, Alice Kate 7862 Wren, Mary Alice 8070 Ware, Carl Claudius 8071 White, Viola Arnold, Mrs. 8072 Wilkie, A. E. 6611 Ward, Thelma 8093 Willingham, E. S., Mrs. 8094 Wood, Sara Montine 3020 Whitaker, Louise 10908 Witcher, Sara Elizabeth 10381 Wilkerson, Annie Moore, Mrs. 4812 Ward, B. D., Mrs. 9039 Watkins, Vinnie Lee 9046 Williams, Thomas Belton 8993 Wilson, William Elias 9045 Williams, Nell 9111 Wade, William H. 7111 Ward, J. E. 9150 Walker, Tony 9152 White, Maude 9153 Whitlow, Duard Boyd 8580 Wilkerson, Mary Horton 9239 Wilbanks, Essie 9247 AVomack, Herbert P. 9451 Watson, Grace 9419 Williams, Emily Frances 9450 Wade, Carrie Mae 1142 Warnoc, Alma B.
Waycross Waycross Maysville Waycross Monticello Lawrenceville Buena Vsita Wrens Royston Lavonia Marietta Ocilla Cedartown Hiawassee Waycorss Union Point Armuchee Rome Maysville Rossville Macon Woodbury Lake Park Jenkinsburg Clermont Hiawassee Canon Rome Maysville Statesboro Dahlonega LaGrange Columbus Tarrytown
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
127
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS. Application Number
8759 Warren, Drucilla A. 8680 Watson, Edith 8626 Watson, Mattie E., Mrs. 8760 Watson, Sarah Martha 8711 Webb, Mrs. Fannie May 8712 Wells, Lizzie J. 8681 Williams, Frances 8581 Willis, Loyce 8714 Willis, Susie 8844 Walls, Mattie Lee 1221 Woods, Lena Mae, Mrs. 6614 Ward, Audry 8274 Weeks, Lee C. 8277 Willingham, James Fred. 8375 Wilder, Janie Ruth 7549 Williams, Carolyn 8423 Wight, Robt. P., Mrs. 8410 Wood, Willie Janes 8425 Woodward, Mae 8846 Wilson, Vera Daniel 8898 Woodward, Douglas O'Delle 9720 Waters, Alma Elizabeth 10126 Walker, Annie Laurie 10383 Williams, Mary Cornelia 8709 Waldrop, Homer 10532 Walters, Myrtis W., Mrs. 10968 Wilson, Willie Belle 10983 Warren, Kermit 10975 Wright, Evangeline 10971 Warren, Jesse 10984 Warren, Ennis 10980 Walden, Mamie 8138 Waits, Dovie 7983 Walden, Eugenia Lee 1126 Walker, Mary Etta 7984 Walton, Celeste W. 8031 Warren, Ellene 7853 Watson, Kate
128
Hartwell Bonair Fitzgerald Fitzgerald Smyrna Lincolnton Locust Grove Damascus Damascus Spring Place Adrian Mystic Pierceville Grantville Lavonia Swainsboro Cairo Cedartown Hephzibah Bolton Rentz Millen Way cross Richmond Decatur Milledgeville Abbeville Stillmore Stillmore Stillmore Stillmore Stillmore Rockmart Reynolds Sparks Augusta Thomaston Odessadale
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Va. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
8140 9979 12270 8171 7541 2955 10380 11568 5371 2607 11158 8142 11206 11159 11162 11161 11163 9585 9513 9106 9752 9725 9627 9797 9584 9485
Wear, Millard M. Webb, Annie Mae West, Christine West, Daisy Mae . Whaley, Jessie Lee White, Austin, Mrs. White, Elizabeth Williams, Cynthia Williams, Grace Williams, Quinton R. Willingham, Louise Willingham, Mamie Wilson, Annie Maude Wimberly, Hal S. Woodson, Gladys Woodson, Grace Louise Wynne, Hoke Smith Wheeler, Ada Katherine Walker, Elise Burney Willingham, E. B., Mrs. Walker, Margaret Onedia Wood, Loy Walker, Lillian Lucille Wilkerson, May Isabel Warnell, Minnie L., Mrs. Whatley, Eugenia P., Mrs.
3091 Yopp, H. H., Mrs. 5642 Young, Martha Calista 3026 Yeomans, Elma Louise 1239 Yonce, Daisy Marion 1240 Yonce, Eugene Martin 5387 Yeomans, Annie 1241 Youmans, Ruth 3512 Youngblood, Willie E.
129
Cohutta
Ga.
Adrian
Ga.
Crawfordville Go.
Clarkesville
Ga.
Mayfield
Ga.
Buford
Ga.
Chattahoochee.... Fla.
Lawrenceville Ga.
Winterville
Ga.
Cumming
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
Barnesville
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Empire
Ga.
Empire
Ga.
Eastman
Ga.
Fort Valley
Ga.
Blackshear
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
Winder
Ga.
Buford
Ga.
Richland
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Hinesville
Ga.
Toccoa
Ga.
Alamo Rome Canoe Johnston Johnston Hazlehurst Tifton Leesburg
Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS.
Application Number
7557 3513 8034 7377 6211 1246 10538 8847 8351 8517 3560 4646
Youngblood, Vera Mae Yow, Fae Hill, Mrs. Young, Romie L. Young, Dannie Ruth Young, Wilma Youngblood, Lois Yarbrough, Lillian Lucile Young, W. S., Mrs. Youmans, Eunice Belle York, Mae Young, Ethel Young, Carrie Louise
1909 6452 6453 6572 8221
Zeigler, Mary Lillian Zeigler, Mamie Ree Zeigler, Mary Zetterower, Arleen Zeigler, Alvarine
Swainsboro Atlanta Hephzibah Atlanta Clarksville Douglas Fairfax Decatur Swainsboro Kennesaw Augusta Thompson
Metcalfe Ogeechee Ogeechee Statesboro Ogeechee
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
130
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
11595 Adams, Martha 11596 Adams, Ouida Marie 11597 Alderman, Margaret M. 11598 Allen, Emily Catherine 11599 Anderson, Mary Lee 11600 Archer, Annie Lou 11601 Arnold, Nellie 11602 Avant, Mary 11603 Aycock, Mattie Ellen
5388 Adams, Fanibel 8412 Arnall, Virginia Louise 8476 Avera, Euralee 9156 Adams, Mary 9842 Atkinson, Flora Fears, Mrs. 10446 Allen, Annie Lee 10693 Austin, Julia Katherine 11362 Akridge, Lois Hazel 10910 Allston, Jenette Christine
101 Abercrombie, Ethel 7752 Adams, Eva Ruth 7155 Adams, Mattie Louise 3520 Alexander, Joyce 7158 Almand, Edith Louise 3212 Arline, Myrtice 4040 Arnall, Carrie Belle 3531 Atkinson, Emily Elizabeth 7166 Atkins, Portia Lovina 7167 Austin, Annie Grace
12255 11604 11605 11606 11607
Baldwin, Emma Mae Banks, Mary Beatrice Barnett, Mary Beth Barnett, Nelle Barnette, Sara Eliza
Wrens Bowman Statesboro Fitzgerald West Point College Park Richland Buena Vista Shellman Atlanta Senoia Ft. Valley Wrens Madison Kirkland Orlando Brunswick Atlanta Culloden Tignall Oconee Decatur Monticello Cairo Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Covington
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Dawson
Ga.
Senoia
Ga.
Cave Spring
Ga.
Sharon
Ga.
Greenville
Ga.
131
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
11608 11609 11610 11611 11614 11615 11616 11617 11618 11619 11620 11495 11621 12257 11622 11623 11624 11625 11626 11627 11628 11629 11630 11631 11506 11612 11632 11613 9591 7875 9933 10600 10318 10240 10457 10694 10695
Barrow, Mary Barry, Beatrice Bartley, Mary Kate Barwick, Mildred Bayne, Ruth Virginia Bell, Dorothy Jane Berrong, Susie Elizabeth Bigham, Sarah Frances Black, Susie Louise Bland, Gibsey Dorothy Blanks, Katherine Blitchington, Margaret Bohannon, Caroline Bragg, Lucy Mae Branan, Margaret Wilder Brand, Ethel S. Brantley, Nola Brim, Bertha Brittain, Gertie Maude Broan, Zoie Virginia Burghard, Frances Marian Burns, Mabel Paralee Burns, Marguerite Burt, Annie Gertrude Burton, Carrie Cynthia Bass, Benita Bussey, Virginia Louise Battle, Louise Burt, Ida Mott Byrd, Maggie Ruth Bruce, Helen Jeannette Baker, Dahlia Rebecca Brooks, Mary May Bell, Lewis Charles Brown, Jessie Louise Benns, Margaret Brooks Bridges, Katie Harrison
132
Wrens
Ga.
Menlo
Ga.
West Point
Ga.
Soperton
Ga.
Milledgeville Ga.
Swainsboro
Ga.
Hiawassee
Ga.
Ivey
Ga.
Midville
Ga.
Brooklet
Ga.
Milledgeville Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Eastman
Ga.
Marshallville Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Loganville
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Dawson
Ga.
Douglasville
Ga.
Sparta
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Hiawassee
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
LaCrosse
Ga.
Hartwell
Ga.
Milledgeville Ga.
Thomson
Ga.
Wadley
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Blackshear
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Woodhill
111.
Warthen
Ga.
Butler
Ga.
Dawson
Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
11366 Belin, Mary Florence 11097 Byars, Blanche Eugenia 11070 Bailey, Janie Louise 11077 Brodnax, Rounelle 11073 Burrell, Lois 11076 Bradshaw, Sarah Ann 11075 Bradford, Greta 11073 Bivins, Annie 11071 Binford, Katie Kennon 11072 Bird, Evelyn Fitzgerald 11364 Barco, Eunice Erma 11074 Boss, Eva Florence 11365 Bates, Florence Mildred 11367 Boyd, Eva Elizabeth 11368 Bracey, Eula Nellie 11369 Bradley, Mary Louise 11370 Bray, Clare 11371 Brewton, Bernice 11373 Bruce, Hester Margaret 11375 Brunson, Eloise
5649 Bell, Ethel J. 8202 Brewton, Ida 5847 Bryan, Lelia 8147 Bull, Clifford 8284 Blasingame, Louvenie 8287 Bracy, May Perry 8286 Bowen, Julia A. 8356 Bailey, Annie B. 8477 Burnett, Mamie Emma 8635 Boiling, Naomi 8683 Burns, Carol 9001 Brinson, Carolyn 8997 Benton, Frances 9111 Brandenburg, Annie C. 8855 Bryson, Emma Otlee 9199 Billue, Fannie Louise
Pelham Egan Atlanta Hapeville Palmetto Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Valdosta Atlanta Way cross Waycross Savannah Leslie Valdosta Reidsville Blackshear Blakely Athens Claxton Wrightsville Elwood Musella Savannah Waynesboro Athens Augusta Summerville Sandersville Millen Atlanta Augusta Young Harris Irwinton
133
Ga. Ga. Ga.. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ind. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
9276 Brown, Lucile Smith 5716 Bowling, Jestus Hampton 9380 Bird, Alva Elizabeth 9591 Burt, Ada Mott 9637 Bridges, Lorena 9679 Burroughs, Lucille 9823 Ballantine, Bessie B. 9931 Brinkman, Hilda 7381 Baisden, Emma Louise 7169 Baker, Julia 4650 Balkcom, Ruth 3213 Barnum, Sulee 5646 Barnette, LaBasare 7382 Barnwell, Edna Lilly 4284 Barr, Elizabeth 147 Bartlett, J. Pelham 5954 Beall, Alice Johnson 5955 Beaty, Martha 7607 Bellah, Eunice 167 Benton, Sara 4999 Bennett, Susie Harriett 3162 Bennett, Ruth 3546 Berry, Margaret Mae 172 Bishop, Weston M. 5546 Blanks, Sara 7684 Bloodworth, Lillie 7608 Bogolowsky, Esther 7178 Bohler, Dorothy Myrtle 3554 Bond, Floree 1583 Bonney, Dorothy 4312 Bostick, Mary Georgia 7180 Boston, Clyde 3560 Boston, Louise 2965 Boyett, Estelle 193 Brackett, Pauline 7182 Branan, Eula Kate
134
Hapeville
Ga.
Lebanon
Ky.
Commerce
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Dawson
Ga.
Ha
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Milledgeville
Ga.
Danielsville
Ga.
Georgetown
Ga.
Richland
Ga.
Colbert
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Milledgeville
Ga.
Bowdon
Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
Gabbettsville Ga.
Stockbridge
Ga.
Mansfield
Ga.
Perry
Ga.
Molena
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Mt. Zion
Ga.
Milledgeville Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Appling
Ga.
Lithonia
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Calhoun
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Morrow Station... Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
5717 Braselton, Thelma Josephine 5408 Braswell, LaRhye 2698 Breedlove, Louise 2699 Brenner, Helen 2841 Bridges, Birdie Leora 2842 Bridges, Bruna Essie 7184 Bridges, Mary Josephine 4987 Bailey, Mary Ethel 8995 Bateman, Addine V. 7876 Byrd, Marie W.
205 Brook, Ila 7189 Brownlee, Nannie Rachael 5966 Bruce, Rubye Evelyn 4667 Brunson, Dorothy 7194 Burke, Margaret Estelle 3570 Burney, Florence Sidney 5414 Burnett, Emma Ophelia 1591 Burroughs, Cecil Berrien 7195 Busbee, Genie 7196 Butler, Eloise 7401 Butts, Jaycie Ruth 8098 Bargeron, Josie 8104 Burch, Wm. E., Mrs.
9491 8384 8461 3586 9307 1613 10462 10545 10148 10257 10749
Cubbedge, Victoria Cox, Sara McTyeire Cooper, Sara E. Casey, Clemmie Cloud, Emily Dozier Crane, Florence Chatham, Frances Lucile Carroll, Louise Combs, Gladys Gray Corley, Mary Catherine Cook, Fannie Mae
Pendergrass
Ga.
Luthersville
Ga."
Douglas
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Jeffersonville Ga.
Jeffersonville Ga.
Ainericus
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Acree
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Bowdon
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
Cartersville
Ga.
Perry
Ga.
Plymouth
N. C.
Rome
Ga.
Winston
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Douglasville
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Warm Springs.... Ga.
Waynesboro
Ga.
Cadwell
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Way cross
Ga.
Reynolds
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Lexington
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Locust Grove Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
135
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
11079 Callaway, Margaret Kendall 11377 Campbell, Rena Mae 11080 Carswell, Lucile 11379 Chambless, Clarice Mae 11381 Church, Alma Mae 11382 Church, Athena Lois 11384 Clarke, Marie Bransford 11383 Clarke, Alice Remshart 11081 Cobb, Catherine Augusta 11082 Cohen, Rebecca 11083 Coleman, Willie Mae 11385 Cook, Rebecca Permelia 11386 Cromartie, Ina Mae 11084 Cuba, Jennie 11387 Culbreth, Madeline Conaly 11639 Collins, Edith Agnes
8177 Cowan, A'ma F. 11633 Carmichael, Willie Mae 12258 Carson, Eileen Ludell 11634 Christian, Bess 11636 Churchill, Martha 11635 Chrystal, Rachael 11637 Clark, Mabel Turner 11638 Clark, Mary Matilda 11640 Collins, Lucile Mary 11641 Conoly, Flora 11642 Cook, Sara Louise 12260 Cooley, Mary Elizabeth 11643 Cooper, Frances 11644 Cordell, Alice Lucile 11645 Cowan, Ida Sue 11647 Cromartie, Mildred 11646 Croxton, Martha 11648 Cummings, Annie Laurie
8204 Camps, Johnnie Frank 1828 Cargill, Frances L.
136
College Park
Ga.
Valdosta
Ga.
Lizella
Ga.
Parrott
Ga.
Albany
Ga.
Albany
Ga.
Waycross
Ga.
Waycross
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Boston
Ga.
Boston
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Tarver
Ga.
Cartersville
Ga.
Conyers
Ga.
Smyrna
Ga.
Watkinsville
Ga.
Duluth
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Jefferson
Ga.
Hawkinsville
Ga.
Tifton
Ga.
Cartersville
Ga.
Waycross
Ga.
Social Circle
Ga.
Jefferson
Ga.
Perry
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Conyers
Ga.
Hazlehurst
Ga.
Buena Vista
Ga.
Rockmart
Ga.
Gurley
Ala.
Savannah
Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
3584 3588
265 2890 3612 4519 9388 9490 3615 9489 2892 2787 1612 2847 7560 4670 5723 4672 5029 7201 7203 7690 7403 5727 7777 5853 3598 3602 7616 3377 6041 3618 7212 7623 3214 3215 7782
Carnes, Frances L. Catron, Elizabeth Chapman, Willie M. Chastain, Lila A. Colvin, Katherine Colvin, Louise Combs, Meta Rae Copeland, Edith Bell Cook, Dorothy V. Cook, Lois Fredrick Cook, Reidie Cooper, Ruth E. Cory, Gladys M. Coulter, Majorie K. Caldwell, Barbara Marguerite Campbell, Sara Carley, Claudia Mae Carmichael, Mary Frances Carmichael, Sara Louise Carroll, Grace Olivia Carter, Minnie Maude Cartledge, Sara Elizabeth Cason, Claire Chapman, Mary Lela Chappell, Mary Havelyn Cheney, Beth Claxton, Marie L. Smith Clyburn, Jean Thelma Cochran, Mary Colvin, Elizabeth Sara Comer, Ruth Cotton, Nell Cowart, Gladys Cox, Lonnie Craig, Beulah Eloise Cross, Effie Hanlon Curry, Vivienne Odyne
Acworth
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Rocky Ford
Ga.
Thomasville
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Lincolnton
Ga.
Bowdon
Ga.
Metcalf
Ga.
College Park
Ga.
Cooksville
Ga.
Fairburn
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Zebulon
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
LaGrange
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Swainsboro
Ga.
Tennille
Ga.
Commerce
Ga.
Lincolnton
Ga.
Sandersville
Ga.
Crawfordville Ga.
Westminster S. C.
Shellman
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Douglas
Ga.
Locust Grove.... Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Fairmount
Ga.
Hartwell
Ga.
Lakeland
Fla.
Ocilla
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
137
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
1616 7997 8297 8298 8688 8816 9003 8953 9078 9079 9685 9872 10035 10546 10696 10756 10599 10697 10698 11085 11088 11649 11508 11650 11651 11653 11652 11509 11496 11654 11655 11656 11657 11497
Cubbedge, Regina Clark, Emily Ruth Dortch, Josephine Olivia Dumas, Ruth Davis, Annice J. Dunson, Jennie Elizabeth Davis, Bessie Mae David, Lucile DeShong, Gordon Lee DeShong, Mary Irene Dunaway, Velma Loraine Davis, Helen Smith Deariso, Mary Hazel DeLay, Gertrude Daniel, Linda Donehoo, Lois Evelyn Dixon, Mary Elizabeth Daniels, Elsie Dell, Helen Pryor Deale, Florence Keeler Dorrian, Sallie Davis, Helen Elizabeth Davis, Horace H. Davis, Mildred White Dean, Sarah Elizabeth Dekle, Lola Cobb DeJarnette, Sarah Louise Dent, Captolia Theresa Dicks, Georgia Louise Dickson, Ruby Alberta Dumas, Esther Duncan, Martha Lucile Dunn, Henrietta Virginia Dunn, Margaret Virginia
138
Savannah
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Reynolds
Ga.
Jesup
Ga.
LaGrange
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Stone Mountain .. Ga.
Stone Mountain .. Ga.
Dallas
Ga.
Locust Grove Ga.
Sylvester
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Parrot t
Ga.
East Point
Ga.
Millhaven
Ga.
Dexter
Ga.
Lester
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Taylorsville
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Martin
Ga.
Cordele
Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
Dublin
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
McDonough
Ga.
Barnesville
Ga.
Douglasville
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
11658 DuPree, Lillie Beatrice 11659 Dykes, Willie Mae 8205 Daniel, Mary 8953 David, Lucile 8206 Davis, Nora A.
7412 Daniel, Dorothy 7413 Daniel, Eura Delle 3627 Daniel, Lula Clifford 3630 Daughtrey, Marguerite 2711 Davidson, Virginia Eloise 3631 Davis, Annie Louise 5060 Davis, Lillie M. 2848 Davis, Vera Mae
333 DeBeaugrine, Xara 7216 Denham, Kate Harwell 5985 Digby, Mary Claire 2467 Dillard, Mildred 7565 Dittman, Sadie Elizabeth 2680 Dobbs, Leola Emily 3216 Doles, Louise Abbigail 4525 Dolvin, Margaret 3385 Donnelly, Elizabeth Teresa 3174 Dorr, Jessie Margaret 5988 Dorrah, Carrie Neal 3217 Doster, Lila 7219 Drew, Loretta 7220 Duggan, Georgia 2627 Duncan, Bess Emily 1632 Dulton, Mary O. 5990 Duke, Martha 3653 Dysard, Nell Gertrude
Georgetown Cochran Franklin Columbus Columbus Augusta Dawson Atlanta Atlanta Augusta Atlanta Athens Ellijay Warrenton Eatonton Zebulon Arnoldsville Waycross Atlanta Marshallville Washington Augusta Augusta Pine Log Rocky Ford Gay Hawkinsville Arnoldsville Savannah Lake Park Atlanta
S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
. .Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
8237 Everett, Sara Frances 8361 Egbert, Dorothy 9686 Ethridge, Adele
Vienna
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Leslie
Ga.
139
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
9917 10043 10700 10701 11089
1633 7422 7699 5991
365 5433 2008 5081 5082 1837 11660 11661 11662 11663 8076
Everett, Thos. Rossell Ethridge, Clara Enecks, Elizabeth Evans, Lydia Elizabeth Eubanks, Elizabeth Edwards, Annie Katherine Edwards, Lillian Frances Elam Frances Elliott, Susan Eleanor Elliott, Thelma Eileene Ellison, Myrtice Frances Emanuel, Camilla Adelle Emberson, Lola Irene Emberson, Sarah Maude Emerson, Alice St. Claire Elkins, Charlie Will English, Eloise Essie English,Lucile Elizabeth Estes, Ruth Elder, Lois
11664 11665 11666 11668 11667 11669 11670 11499 5923 5086
383 384
Faulk, Wilhelmina Fellows, Jewell Fokes, Annie Claude Fowler, Ruby Fowler, Mary Eleanor Foy, Virginia Franklin, Ola Allen Fulcher, Mary Willie Fain, Etta Faircloth, Maud Fanning, Annie Sue Farmer, Lois
Brunswick
Ga.
Leslie
Ga.
Oliver
Ga.
Wadley
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Claxton
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Lincolnton
Ga.
McDonough
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Madison
Fla.
Atlanta
Ga.
Ringgold
Ga.
Ringgold
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Oconee
Ga.
Sandersville
Ga.
Sandersville
Ga.
Lincolnton
Ga.
Farmington
Ga.
Jeffersonville Ga.
Carnegie
Ga.
Montezuma
Ga.
Milledgeville Ga.
Clayton
Ga.
Butler
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Thomaston
Ga.
Oliver
Ga.
Thomson
Ga.
Lavonia
Ga.
140
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
5570 3393 3663 3664
398 3668 7426 7567 7233
409 3677 8437 9602 11090 11390
Farmer, Sarah Ferguson, Laura Lee Fitchett, Meta Gladys Flanigan, Grace Fleetwood, Mildred Flint, Julia Rebecca Hill Folds, Jennie Camille Fountain, Exie Lucile Franklin, Mary George Freeman, Crawford C. Freeman, Sarah Franklin, Lessie Lee Farnham, William Foote Fleming, Ruth Folsom, Sarah Frances
11672 11673 11674 11675 11676 11677 11678 11679 11680 12262 11681 11682 11683 11684 11685 11686 11687 11688
Gammage, Gladys Garfield, Katherine J. Gaston, Nora Gilmore, Kathryn Gilstrap, Blanche Gladin, Alma Claire Gladin, Attie Thomas Glass, Sara Gladys Godwin, Willie Kate Green, Mary Mildred Greene, Eddie Gertrude Gregory, Caroline Inez Griffin, Annie Griffin, Georgia Griffin, Mary V. Griffin, Sara Frances Griffith, Annie Sue Gunter, Byrdie Lynn
Wrens Dahlonega Atlanta Lincolnton Cartersville Atlanta Eatonton Gordon Meansville Hilton Atlanta Statesboro Atlanta Atlanta Waycross
Moultrie Macon Americus Macon Milledgeville Mclntyre Gordon McDonough Edison Dublin Gray Eatonton Carrollton Carrollton Rome Washington Rome Byron
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
141
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
11689 7237 7637 417 7634 5999 423 2907 1363 5573 2719 5574 431 3689 3698 3700 7794 7002 3703 2856 5665 4543 4545 5445 3269 4715 470 8916 8961 9204 9160 9733 10411 10608 10268 10609 10163
Gurley, Sara Troyce Garrett, Sara J. Gilliland, Florence Gammage, Lora Will Garner, Elsie Garrett, Eleanor Lynn Garrett, Mary Ellen Gartrell, Bennie Mae Gay, Louise Geiger, Ouida George, Elizabeth Gibbs, Elizabeth Gibson, Florence Alice Gilmer, Harriette Swift Green, Annie Kate Green, Helen Elizabeth Greene, Mary Rosalyn Greemvay, Nannie Lucile Greer, Mildred Josephine Gresham, Thehna Lillian Grier, Janet Marie Grimsley, Mary Elizabeth Griner, Florence Louise Groves, Leila Guann, Rebecca Guest, Ruby Ethel Gwyn, Carolyn Gregors, Alma Ruth Gresham, Jessie Green, Marie Lawson Garner, Mrs. Horace B. Greenan, Mary Agnes Green, Ruth Manning Gardner, Sally Gilbert, Mary Ernestine Gorham, Don I. Gregory, Mary Louise
143
Hartwell
.. .. Ga.
Logansville.. . .. .. Ga.
Chipley
. . .. Ga.
Pelham
. . .. Ga.
Waycross.... .. .. Ga.
Tallapoosa.... . ... Ga
Bowdon
. ...Ga.
Blue Ridge... . . . . Ga.
Biloxi
Miss.
Rockmart
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
TyTy
Ga.
LaGrange
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Gray
Ga.
Hampton
S. C.
Atlanta
Ga.
Dames Ferry Ga.
Blakely
Ga.
Fort Gaines
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Lincolnton
Ga.
Guyton
Ga.
Preston
Ga.
Zebulon
Ga.
Baconton
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Buford
Ga.
Springfield Mass.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
10704 Grier, Emelyn Frances 10336 Garrard, Fannie Lou 10702 Glaze, Marita 11393 Gibson, Georgia Carolina 11392 Gibson, Carrie Mae 11086 Golden, Sulvia 11087 Golstein, Bessie 11091 Gresham, Annie Ward 11395 Groover, Martha Anne 11396 Gruber, Minnie Lee
4711 Godwin, Ila Pauline 7247 Goss, Corinne 3270 Graham, Cynthia Ellen 7793 Graham, Edith Mae 7237 Garrett, Sara Jewel
Lumpkin
Ga.
Washington
Ga.
Leslie
Ga.
Donaldsonville. . .. Ga.
Donalsonville Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Redan
Ga.
Dixie
Ga.
Alma
Ga.
Warm Springs.... Ga.
Elberton
Ga.
Mulberry
Tenn.
Greensboro
Ga.
Loganville
Ga.
11690 Hadden, Mary Virginia 11498 Hall, Josie Large 11693 Hall, Leila Linwood 11695 Hammock, Martha Bernice 11697 Harrell, Mary Augusta 11691 Hailey, Mytle Josephine 11692 Haisfield, Addie 11694 Hammett, Veto 11696 Haney, Katherine 11699 Harris, Temperence Rebecca 11698 Harris, Eugenia 11700 Harrison, Ross 11701 Hart, Frances Mae 11702 Haulbrook, Marion 11703 Hay, Martha Miriam 11704 Heath, Carolyn 11705 Henderson, Thelma Gwineverie 11706 Hendon, Lois Gizelle 11707 Henslee, Lucy Katherine
Stapleton Gracewood Greensboro Scott Eastman Hartwell Griffin LaGrange Woodstock Monroe Sandersville Columbus Macon Ocilla Dallas Montezuma Eton Carrollton Villa Rica
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
143
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Applies ition Numbe r
11708 11709 11710 11712 11711 11713 11714 11715 11716 11717 11718 11720 11719 11721 11722 11723
8313 8362 8415 8389 8917 8599 8826 9058 9210 9477 9652 9653 9830 9964 10052 10053 8003 7708 8006 10054 10494
Hermann, Leila Rachel Hicks, Sara Louise Hilliard, Emma Kate Hodges, Rosalie Hodges, Gladys Hogg, Gladys Holbrook, Emily Hollman, Dollie Will Holloway, Pauline Holman, Margaret Josephine Holmes, Mary Elizabeth Horn, Marianna Hopkins, Sara Ellen Houston, Elizabeth Hubbard, Evelyn Hudson, Catherine Baker Hutchins, Cleo M. Hancock, Ethel Catherine Harvey, Mrs. P. W. Hind, Minnie Rebecca Hay, Olivia Louise Hill, Tommie G. Hughes, Roxane Hutchnance, Edna Mary Hood, Mrs. Annie May Howard, Mary Alice Hopson, Bessie L. Hutchinson, Martha Humphreys, William Robert Hill, Martha Ellene Harris, Mabel Ina Harris, Rubie Hardeman, Ida Mae Harty, Genevieve Hooten, Eleanor Hatcher, Marie Hogan, Alice Eloise
144
Sandersville. . . ..Ga.
Lizelle
..Ga.
Camilla
..Ga.
Oconee
..Ga.
Bluffton
..Ga.
Buena Vista... ..Ga.
Royston
..Ga.
Richland
..Ga.
Atlanta
..Ga.
Griffin
..Ga.
Culloden
..Ga.
Eastman
..Ga.
Chipley
.. Ga.
West Point
..Ga.
Fort Gaines. . . ..Ga.
Newnan
..Ga.
Athens
..Ga.
Athens..'.
..Ga.
Americus
..Ga.
Jacksonville. . . . ..Fla.
Leesburg
..Ga.
Warm Springs. ..Ga.
Glenville
..Ga.
Macon
..Ga.
Dacula
..Ga.
Kathleen
..Ga.
Athens
..Ga.
Haralson
..Ga.
Moultrie
..Ga.
Forsyth
..Ga.
Quitman
. .Ga.
Quitman
.. Ga.
Augusta
. .Ga.
Savannah
..Ga.
Woodbury
.. Ga.
Kite
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
10492 Hall, Janie 10341 Harbin, Thelma Maxine
10275 Hale, Lucy Grace 10705 Harlow, Myrtle 10706 Humber, Mary Louise
11092 Hall, Nannie 11094 Hewin, Betty Ruth
11399 Hill, Rebie Felton 11095 Hodges, Elizabeth Treete
11096 Hogan, Sara Lee
7643 Hemrick, EraG. 3404 Hagood, Margaret
7251 Hale, Ruth 2721 Hairston, Flossie Almeda
3709 Hamilton, Helen 24g9 Hamrick, May Belle 3711 Hansard, Lois McDaniel
5749 Hardaway, Daisy 5750 Hardeman, Mildred Frances
7894 Hargrave, Ruth Burch
4717 Hartley, Florence 3714 Harper, Jeanette Lucile
5667 Harris, E. R. Mrs.
3715 3720 5753 1853
Harris, Ina Louise Harris, Mary Sue Harris, Mildred Clay Harrison, Emily Verelle
3218 Harrison, Helen Elizabeth
7255 Harris, Benzie
5752 Harriss, Jessie 7961 Harvey, Georgia Irene
511 Hatcher, Mary Milner
3409 Hays, Helen 11724 Hudson, Margorie 11725 Hull, Hester Allene
11726 Hunter, Musette
11727 Hurst, Grace
145
Atlanta College Park Atlanta Iron City Lumpkin Atlanta Atlanta Byromville Decatur Hogansville Arnoldsville Lawrenceville
Athens Atlanta Vienna Talking Rock
Atlanta Luthersville Winterville Thomasville Irwinton Atlanta Winder Atlanta Monroe Sandersville Savannah Bluffton Madison Madison
Kite Waynesboro Smithville Dallas Covington Woodville Odessadale
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
11728 1538 523 3089 2634 2723 5758 5868 7012 3219 7436 3732 3413 536 7014 1677 2496 2801 7711 4726 1261 7262 4553 3741 566 7807 1686 574
Hyman, Mary Mildred Heidecker, Donald Wm. Hembree, Ollie Ozella Henderson, Mary Jordon Hendricks, Nancy Mae Henry, Mary Gibson Herrin, Mabel Evelyn Herring, Louise Herring, Martha Hickman, Elizabeth Alice Hicks, Annie Martin Hicks, Evelyn Virginia Hill, Bernice Elizabeth Hill, LaTrelle Hilliard, Mary Frances Hillis, Alice George Hipp, Bertha Hirsch, Josephine Roos Hood, Doris Hogan, Florence Holly, Lola B. Hooten, Annie Cathleen Howes, Ava Dare Hudson, William Pate Huff, Mayme Malone Huff, Sarah Mae Huggins, Agnes Hunter, Lucy Lowe
Sandersville St. Paul Roswell Monticello Reidsville Augusta Winder Arlington Macon Atlanta Reynolds Atlanta Homer Hoschton Statesboro Savannah Ellijay Savannah East Point Lincolnton Fort Valley McDonough Lincolnton Sparta Bowdon Woodville Savannah Stephens
Ga. Minn.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
11729 11730 11731 7267 7449 9438
Irvine, Elizabeth Ivey, Mattie Lou Ivey, Rosa Clare Isler, Freddie Pearl Ivey, Bernice Maud Ivie, Willie Mae Deaton
146
Macon
Ga.
Milledgeville
Ga.
Mayfield
Ga.
Fitzgerald
Ga.
Conyers
Ga.
Buford
Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
11732 Jackson, Matilda Eula 11523 Jamerson, Anna Mary 11733 Jenkins, Estelle 11734 Jennings, Elizabeth 11735 Johnson, Eloise Wheeler 11737 Johnson, Julia 11738 Johnson, Mary Elizabeth 11736 Johnston, Elevlyn 11739 Johnston, Mary Merrjtt 11740 Johnston, Pauline 12263 Jones, Alma Mildred 11741 Jones, Grace Wynette 11742 Jones, Martha Frances 11743 Jordan, Sarah Daniel 8185 Jennings, Alice 4933 Jarvis, Vivian Irene 10788 Jay, Lemuel Eugene 7966 Jackson, Edith 3756 Jenkins, Ruth Parr 7453 Johnson, Bernice 7454 Johnson, Elsa Ann 7455 Johnson, Lois Mae 3428 Johnston, Susie 3220 Johnstone, Jeanette Collins 7808 Joiner, Frances Margaret 7646 Jolley, Minnie Sharp 5181 Jones, Annie Laurie
615 Jones, Clara Lorena 7648 Jordan, Louise 4854 Joseph, Mamie Fox 8051 Jones, Nannie Maude 8315 Jones, Lucy V. 8787 Jones, Mary W. 9106 Jenkins, Ruby 9358 Johnston, Robbie Ruth 10281 Jackson, Myrtle Pauline 10553 Jenkins, Annie Almeda
147
Luthersville
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Sardis
Ga.
Cordele
Ga.
Jefferson
Ga.
Garfield
Ga.
Canton
Ga.
Byromville
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Marshallville Ga.
Hogansville
Ga.
Dawson
Ga.
Stone Mountain... Ga.
Tampa
Fla.
Dalton
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Gordon
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Winterville
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Richland
Ga.
Waynesboro
Ga.
Dudley
Ga.
Homer
Ga.
Barnesville
Ga.
Madison
Ga.
Washington
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Monroe
Ga.
Dublin
Ga.
Waycross
Ga.
Danielsville
Ga.
Byromville
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Wrightsville
Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
10286 10284 10282 10707 11400 11098 2923 11099 11401 11402
Johnson, Marvine Lanier Jordan, Elizabeth Jackson, Sara Frances Jones, Sara Priscilla Jackson, Lucie Jones Jamerson, Katherine Cole Jay, Lemuel Eugene Johnson, Kate Ruth Jones, Mary Remer Jordan, Eva
11744 Kelley, Alice Orian 11745 Kennon, Nettie 11746 Kidd, Susan 11747 Kiker, Mary Bosiclaire 11748 Kimsey, Jessie 11749 Kleckley, Bertha Frances 7031 Kicklighter, Lothare 3781 King, Mae 5874 King, Gladys 3221 King, Carolyn Norman 5772 Kitchens, Christine 3289 King, Syvie
646 Kirby, Madie Adeline 1696 Krieger, Marie A. 1697 Kuck, Ruby
7649 Keiser, Martha Elizabeth 2293 Kellogg, Sarah Frances
630 Kelly, Mildred Smith, Mrs. 5190 Kennedy, Lila Claire 7714 Kerlin, Myra Lee 8250 Kent, Mary Celeste 8481 Keese, Catherine 9396 Kelly, Mamie Lyly 9566 Kerlin, Ruby Clare 9963 Keener, Tallulah Maude
148
Rome Monticello Hogansville Sale City Atlanta Atlanta Statesboro Atlanta Valdosta Reidsville
Mitchell Quitman Newnan Cordele.' Robertstown Oglethorpe Glennville Atlanta Cordele Cuthbert Dawson Weston Bowdon Savannah Savannah Macon Atlanta Valdosta Arnoldsville Winterville Glenwood Benevolence Vidette Fayetteville Rabun Gap
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
10498 Keys, Mary Ellen
Atlanta
Ga.
10178 Kemp, Emily Elizabeth
Marietta
Ga.
10177 Kelly, Clifford
Augusta
Ga.
10709 King, Elizabeth Grantland
Cuthbert
Ga.
11403 Kingery, Irene Elizabeth
Statesboro
Ga.
11750 Lane, Margaret Virginia 10182 Lanneau, Graeie Windsor 11751 Lawrence, Edith Sidney 12264 Lawrence, Margaret 11752 Leggitt, Willie Henry 11753 Lehmann, Marguerite Grace 11754 Lindsey, Maude Elma 11755 Lindsey, Minnielu 11756 Lingo, Lorene 11025 Little, Bert Virginia 11757 Little, Lona Janette 11758 Longshore, Ruby Ethlyne 11759 Lowrey, Alice
8606 Leath, Mary Alice 9090 Lattimer, Estelle 9091 Leonard, Emily 9127 Lee, Estelle 9362 Langley, Clara Rinda 10071 Long, Sallie Mae 10708 Lanier, Johnie Bell 10288 Long, Marie 10348 Laney, Mary Belle 10502 Long, Martha 10710 Lockett, Mary Louise 11343 Lanier, Lois 11404 Larsen, Dorothy Mary
149
Monticello
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Milledgeville
Ga.
College Park
Ga.
Unadilla
Ga.
LaGrange
Ga.
Tennille
Ga.
Tennille
Ga.
Milledgeville
Ga.
Carnesville
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Leesburg
Ga.
Conway
S. C.
Washington
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Mclntyre
Ga.
LaFayette
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Cuthbert
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
College Grove... Tenn.
Dawson
Ga.
Harrison
Ga.
Valdosta
Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
11100 Lester, Harriett Isabell
Atlanta
Ga.
11405 Liggin, Annie Lloyd
Decatur
Ga.
10806 Lipham, Fronie Belle
Tallapoosa
Ga.
11406 Luke, Alma Louise
Moultrie
Ga.
7281 Lagerstron, Beryl
Fitzgerald
Ga.
7459 Leggitt, Virginia
Unadilla
Ga.
3222 Lester, Florence Frederick
Marshallville Ga.
3797 Lewis, Edna
Duluth
Ga.
2997 Littlejohn, Annie
Chickamauga Ga.
3223 Lloyd, Bessie
Macon
Ga.
2526 Long, Vera
Jasper
Ga.
7464 Lovett, Pauline M. Hatcher,Mrs. Wrightsville
Ga.
685 Lovvorn, Maude Louise
Bowdon
Ga.
2813 Lowe, Sara Kathryn
Buena Vista
Ga.
4745 Lucas, Martha Anne
Quitman
Ga.
8010 Lester, Annie Wade
Louisville
Ga.
11760 11761 11762 11763 11764 11765 11500 11766 11767 11768 11769 11770 11771 11772 8971 9660
McCall, Abbie McCallay, Winifred Mabel McCowen, Ethna Louise McElmurray, Alice Gray McElroy, Sarah McEwen, Radie McGahee, Milbra Mae Mclntosh, Elise McLain, Mary McMahen, Jennilu McMichael, Lillian McRae, Hazel Lloyd McWhite, Clyde McWhorter, Frances McGarity, Effie McElvaney, Ruth
150
Rochelle
Ga.
West Point
Ga.
Fort Valley
Ga.
Waynesboro
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Danielsville
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Boston
Ga.
Canton
Ga.
Oglethorpe
Ga.
Buena Vista
Ga.
Watkinsville
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Summerville
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Conyers
Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
10353 McCallum, Mary Katherine 10712 MacGregor, Martha Virginia 11407 McArthur, Evelyn 10812 McDonald, Lola Lee 11104 McDonald, Catherine Louise 11103 McDonald, Bess 11408 McKinnon, Edna Ruth
8211 McDaniel, Azilie 8159 McGouirk, Herman 3224 McCormick, Reba Jane 7914 McDaniel, Dixie Merrell 3860 McDaniel, Mary 5480 McDonald, Sarah 5779 McGehee, Mary Ophelia 5482 McGoogan, Leslie Diana 7467 McElmurray, Mary Herder
790 McFarlan, Eva E. 7289 McGahee, Frances Earldine 3871 McKee, Nannie Elizabeth 7722 McKinney, Minnie Austin 7291 McRee, Mavis 3872 McWhorter, Blois Stamps 7723 Mc William, Gladys Louise 8013 McMichael, Lucy Evelyn 11773 Maples, Willie Mae 11774 Marbach, Maxie Louise 11775 Maree, Ethel Emeritte 11776 Marshall, Amelia Rebecca 11777 Marshall, Miriam Frances 11778 Martin, Rubye Clifton 11501 Matthews, Elizabeth Speth 11780 Matthews, Martha 11779 Mathis, Lucile 11781 Meadows, Olive 11785 Minor, Marguerite 11783 Miller, Mildred Anne
151
Decatur
Ga.
Damascus
Ga.
Cordele
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Bolton
Ga.
Conyers
Ga.
Pidcock
Ga.
Eastman
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Cartersville
Ga.
Norcross
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Pendergrass
Ga.
Greenville
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Stapleton
Ga.
Ellen wood
Ga.
Madison
Ga.
Watkinsville
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
East Point
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Millen
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
Bronwood
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Warm Springs.... Ga.
Milledgeville
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
West Point
Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
11782 Miller, Dorothy 11784 Miller, Sadie 11786 Mitchell, Ora Faith 11788 Montgomery, Douglass 11789 Montgomery, Sarah Cornelia 11790 Moore, Alice Marie 11791 Moore, Clara Ethel 11793 Moore, Evelyn 12265 Moore, Eulalia 11794 Moore, Martha 11792 Moore, Dorothy Louise 11796 Morgan, Audrey Matilda 11797 Morgan, Dorothy Helen 11798 Moss, Mary Eunice 3227 Moye, Eloise McDonald 3846 Muldrew, Jessie 7820 Mullins, Jewell Clare 7307 Mulholland, Genie Dean 3847 Mundy, Mattie 1440 Miller, Harriett Ruth 7819 Miller, Mary Elizabeth 3225 Miller, Sarah Lucile 7051 Milton, Lillian
4365 Mitchell, Velma Stewart 7302 Mixon, Helen Elizabeth 3226 Moncrief, Lucile Rebecca 750 Moore, Elizabeth 754 Moore, Gertrude 8448 Myers, Sal lie Mae 8536 Mixon,"Alice Thelma 8746 Methvin, Virginia Nolan, Mrs. 8664 Mobley, Cathryn 9021 Mullenix, Maybelle 9096 Maddox, Gervaise 6128 Maddox, Clara B. 9266 Matthews, Lois Allene
152
Canton Wallston Lavonia Griffin
Commerce Bainbridge Gray Sharon Macon Buena Vista Augusta Clyo Columbus Columbus Cuthbert Atlanta Augusta Leslie Jonesboro Augusta Tate Iron City Savannah Montezuma Tennille Meigs
Rayle Blackshear Franklin McCollum Jeffersonville Jefferson Macon
Toomsboro Rebecca Hawkinsville
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. N. C. Ga! Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
9185 Milner, Alice Parker, Mrs. 9707 Moore, Ruth 9745 Massey, Marguerite Milam 9746 Mitcham, Blanche 9969 Myers, Kara Campbell 9996 Mitchell, Ruth Claire 10292 Mitchell, Julia Emeline 10356 Mann, Mary Elizabeth 10425 Murphy, Susie O'Donovan 10507 Morse, Mary Elizabeth 10506 Milner, Evabel 10359 Means, Nellie L. 10817 Maddox, Mary Virginia 10819 Marchman, Edith Myrtle 10827 Moffett, Anna Margaret 7585 Montgomery, Annie Clyde 3840 Morgan Lynda Lee 3845 Moss, Edith 11101 Mackie, Emily Margaret 10409 Maddox, Nettie Reid 11441 Malone, Eugenia B. 11410 Mandeville, Sara Elise 11411 Mardre, Sara Everett 11413 Mathis, Neva Ella 10824 May, Selina Agnes 11414 Mills, Verdie Lucy 11415 Minter, Lydia Elino 11102 Mitchell, Lois 10828 Moore, Lucile B., Mrs. 11416 Moore, Emma 10829 Moran, Romie 11418 Myrick, Martha Frances
7295 Manning, Josephine 9534 Moore, Ruth 8190 Moore, Zora 7049 Meadowcraft, Ruth Claire 1437 Meadows, Nell
153
Irwinton Dalton Commerce Durand LaFayette Walden Atlanta Atlanta Newnan Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Milledgeville College Park Atlanta Lithonia Jackson Covington Jesup
Thomasville Valdosta Sandersville Waycross Donalsonville Atlanta Compton Savannah Sparta Thomasville Fitzgerald Gray Bowman Augusta Carrollton
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
731 Means, Mary Gibson
Amsterdam
Ga.
2934 Mercer, Sara
Bradley
Ga.
7300 Middleton, Jessie Allene
Atkinson
Ga.
7656 Middleton, Margaret Earl
Hazlehurst
Ga.
1431 Maddox, Ermine
Lawrenceville Ga.
3819 Manning, Mary Isabelle
Marietta
Ga.
7471 Markwalter, Ruth Franklin
Augusta
Ga.
3298 Martin, Agnes Lou
Mt. Zion
Ga.
7295 Manning, Josephine Percivale Fitzgerald
Ga.
715 Mathis, Lora
Buena Vista
Ga.
3455 Mathis, Ora Ethel
Rome
Ga.
5880 Maxey, Bertie Tanner
Grayson
Ga.
727 May, Bertha Lee
Hinesville
Ga.
7048 May, Edna
Carlton
Ga.
1721 Mayer, Veneta De Vee
Savannah
Ga.
728 Mayne, Harriet Emily
Athens
Ga.
3829 Mays, Emma Thornton
Atlanta
Ga.
10508 11105 11106 11799 11800 11037 11801 11802
808 7486 1450 7489 3879 2942 7491 819
Nace, Helen Mirian Nabors, Dorothy New, Grace Nash, Elva Netherton, Elizabeth Nicholson, Mrs. Clyde Britt Nix, Martha Evelyn Norsworthy, Naomi Napier, Robt. E., Mrs. Neal, Rebecca Newberry, Doris Newsom, Nannie Lillian Nixon, Nina McKoy Norman, Ruby Northcutt, Evelyn Allen Nussbaum, Lillian Belle
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Montezuma
Ga.
Lawrenceville Ga.
Commerce
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
WaverlyHall Ga.
Lizella
Ga.
Lizella
Ga.
Union City
Ga.
Tignall
Ga.
College Park Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
154
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
11803 11805 9134 2943 7310 4592 1736 4373 7494 7063
O'Barr, Frances Owen, Mary Elizabeth Orr, Agnes Emily Oakes, Gladys Rainey O'Neal, Lanette O'Quinn, Lois Estelle Oliver, Frederica H. Orr, Evelyn Overby, Mary Louise Oxford, Grace Delama
11502 Franklin, Arbel Virginia 11804 Paradice, Ruth 11806 Parham, Eloise 11807 Parker, Anne Lee 11808 Pearce, Marion 11809 Perkins, Alice Louise 11810 Perry, Capie Davis 11811 Phillips, Imogene 11812 Philmon, Beulah 11503 Plunkett, Effie May 11813 Powell, Mattie Will 11814 Powell, Mildred Ellen 11815 Powell, Sara Amanda 11816 Powell, Sara Louise 7066 Pennington, Gussie 7825 Pickard, Martha Nell 5613 Pickett, Vealet Kate 3905 Pierce, Sarah E. 3228 Pinkston, Charlie 5274 Pinkston, Martha Josephine 4774 Pittman, Agnes Marion
871 Polhill, Lois 7500 Polhill, Ruth 7660 Poole, Sarah Nettie
Atlanta Zebulon Tennille Lawrenceville Dry Branch Odum Savannah Moreland Newnan Monticello
Augusta Sandersville Greenville Millen Folkston Wadley Machen Springvale Macon Augusta Ellaville Leesburg Elberton Douglasville Matthews Columbus Tifton Atlanta Parrott Greenville Macon Louisville Hawkinsville Gumming
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
155
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS Application Number
7317 Porter, Grace 7318 Porter, Melissa L. 3008 Powell, Mati Belle 4601 Prater, Clara Mae 7971 Prescott, Thelma Louise 3891 Parham, Mary Annie 2655 Parker, Annie Russell 5686 Parker, Lottie 1745 Parker, Norma 2867 Park, Bessie
4768 Paschal, Merle Belding 3007 Patche, Eleanor Elizabeth 2657 Patterson, Mae 2551 Patterson, Mary 4867 Paulk, Thelma Leta 1748 Peade, Harriet 8059 Parker, Lena Elizabeth 8016 Pate, Lila Duncan 8329 Paradise, Nelle 8258 Perry, J. T., Mrs.
8750 Paraham, Louise B., Mrs. 9296 Pretorius, Edna Erie 9337 Parker, Era Louise 9370 Purks, Sallie Mae 9445 Pilcher, Edith Winter 10095 Proctor, Margaret Virginia 10847 Phillips, Estelle Lydia 10726 Pate, Louise
10203 Pridgen, Vera Amanda 10365 Pazol, Sarah
10515 Pearce, Willene 10714 Pike, Pauline Jones 10713 Perry, Berna McGarrah 10715 Powell, Nellie Louise 11419 Patterson, Hilda 11108 Pelot, Mary Lucille 11107 Pomeroy, Dorothy Trammell
156
Jonesboro Danville Camilla Buford Augusta College Park Pinebluff Adrian Savannah Atlanta Augusta Augusta Homer Wrens ciHa Savannah Adel Buford Lincolnton Sa'e City Columbus Brooklet Gordon
White Plains Warrenton College Park Hogansville Cordele Cedartown Atlanta Atlanta Miami
Ellaville Brinson Cordele Atlanta Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. N. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga." Ga. Ga. Ga. pja Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
8132 Paulk, Agnes Idella 5276 Porter, Haskell, Mrs. 11043 Perry, Evy Irene
Willacoochee Gainesville Girard
11817 Ragland, Elsie 11818 Reid, Colene 11819 Reeves, Mamie Willis 11820 Reid, Ruth 11821 Ricketts, Virginia McA. 11524 Roberts, Laura Bell 11822 Ross, Lucile Howell 11823 Royston, Anna Sue
7662 Rabun, Maude 7503 Ranch, Frances 3318 Rankin, Elizabeth 5690 Redman, Harry
904 Ragan, Pearle 3468 Ray, Samille 3319 Reynolds, Eula Agnes 7510 Richardson, Helen F. 7506 Richardson, Rebecca 7329 Roberts, Annie 4786 Robinson, Lucy Frances 5801 Robinson, Willie Maude 4608 Rogers, Elizabeth Caraker
934 Rooks, Buvena 3933 Russel, Patience E. 1761 Ryals, Emily Christine . 11046 Riley, Lucy 8672 Riggs, Sallie 8838 Rish, Elese 10209 Ross, Camille Geer, Mrs. 10562 Rees, Grace Brunetta 10297 Robinson, Louis F., Mrs. 10717 Riley, Miriam
157
Newnan Smyrna Elberton Milledgeville Milledgeville Jefferson Atlanta Royston Iron City Dawson Lithonia Royston Hawkinsville Washington Thomson Augusta Fortson Jefferson Covington LaGrange Sandersville Bowdon Winder Savannah Atlanta Register Ft. Gaines Egypt Preston Greensboro Butler
Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
10718 11423 11421 11109 11110 11422 11111
Russell, Lila Ellen Rountree, Martha Rogers, Olive Rankin, Grace Reinhold, Ruth Royal, Ruth Laverne Rodgers, Grace Estelle
Brinson
Ga.
Swainsboro
Ga.
Reidsville
Ga.
Stone Mountain .. Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Crossland
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
11048 Sanders, Earl Irvin 10719 Sanders, Mary Elizabeth 10720 Sasser, Patricia Carleen 11824 Seale, Lucinda Lavonia 11826 Sessions, Bessie Evelyn 11827 Shell, Mary Warthen 11828 Sigler, Erma Jane 11829 Slade, Irene 11830 Slater, Pauline Agustas 11831 Smith, Eleanor Myrtice 11832 Smith, Josephine Polhill 12267 Stallings, Mary Gibson 11834 Stebbins, Laura Emily 11835 Steele, Anne Elizabeth 11836 Stephens, Edna Ruth 11837 Stevens, Emma 11839 Stokes, Ruth 11840 Stradley, Mary Eugenia 11841 Stripling, Sara Frances 11842 Summerour, Sarah 11843 Sumner, Margaret Irene 11844 Swann, Eva Pauline 8539 Shadburn, Whilma 8023 Shell, Flossie Mae 8675 Smith, Marie 8219 Stewart, Kathryn M. 5620 Salter, G. G., Mrs. 7085 Sanford, Lois
158
Knoxville Milltown Cuthbert Atlanta Sumner Turin Savannah Cordele Brooklet Blakely Vienna Newnan Darien Jackson Fayetteville Buena Vista Buena Vista Covington Chipley Duluth Savannah Ellijay Buford Palmetto Waycross Brunswick Bartow Ft. Valley
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga!
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
4938 4939 7086 5696 3229 3943 3944 1018 2749 8064 11050 8338 8267 8403 8796 8674 9145 9623 9718 9839 9789 9818 10439 10375 10721 11425 11112 11429 11113 11427 11114 11115 11430 11116
Sapp, Ethel Marsin Sapp, Eugenia Lovelace Saunders, Mary Emma Seay, Bessie Mae Sealy, Martha Sessions, Bessie Mae Settle, Lucile Shaw, Edith Dorothy Sheron, Margaret Davis Sewell, Annie Lee Slappey, Jesse Thelma Smith, Jessie Stallings, Sarah K. Scott, Nellie Pauline Sharp, M. S. B., Mrs. Simonton, Martha Stallworth, Blannie Sims, Clifford Springer, lone Stanley, E. L., Mrs. Smith, Stella Bryant, Mrs. Saye, Edna Louise Stipe, Sara Jo Summerlin, Frances Snyder, Selma Louise Shields, Margaret Smaw, LaTrelle Smith, Mary Grace Smith, Florence' Smith, Frances South, Louise Stinson, Helen Stokes, Mirian Adele Suddath, Sara Belle
159
Dalton
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Clayton
Ga.
Cuthbert
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
College Park
Ga.
Mt. Zion
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Hawkinsville
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Rydal
Ga.
Newnan
.. . .Ga.
Colquitt
Ga.
Monticello
Ga.
Greenville
Ga.
Dublin
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Rutledge
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Ellaville
Ga.
Valdosta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Elza
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Valdosta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Waverly Hall Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
1022 Sherrer, Edith Dalma 1474 Shifleet, Nellie 7336 Shivers, Susie Turner 1475 Simmons, Mary E. 7092 Smith, Alice Vernon 4876 Smith, Edmond Ray 1040 Smith, Evelyn Mae 7931 Smith, Helen 3962 Smith, Josephine 7521 Smith, Josie Elizabeth 7841 Smith, Kate Ware 4874 Smith, Mattie Ree 5809 Smith, Lena Mae 7742 Smith, Marion Annie 2574 Smith, Nettie Elizabeth 7597 Smith, William C. 5627 Sorrells, Laura Mae 7526 Sparrow, Helen 5814 Spinks, Will E., Mrs. 7095 Spivey, Clara Edna 5517 Spratling, Susimae 6082 Stevens, Alice Louise 6081 Stevens, Rosa Mae 976 Stone, Cleo Belle 3230 Stringei, Mary Kathleen 7348 Storey, Lucia
Rayle Lyerly Sparta Talmo Tennille Berlin Cochran White Plains Atlanta Cartersville Dallas. .' Edison Crawford Augusta Perry Harrison Rockmart Hawkinsville Dallas Hardwick St. Charles Americus Americus Bowdon Metcalf Waverly Hall
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
160
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
7350 990
7099 4805 1786 7351 7353 7354
Strother, Agnes Lucile Styles, Roy Thelma Sullivan, Ruth Summerour, Charlotte Sumner, Cora Mae Sumerau, Marie Celeste Surrency, Laura Virginia Sutton, Florence Wiania
Washington
Ga.
Bowdon
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Duluth
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Jesup
Ga.
Washington
Ga.
8409 8565 8625 9033 9626 9583 9840 10303 10221 10529 10530 10377 11117 11118 11431 11432 8028 8197 1066 4627
Tyler, Van Lee, Mrs.
West Point
Ga.
Thompson, Louise
Woodcliff
Ga.
Turner, Minnie Estelle
Hawkinsville
Ga.
Taylor, Angie Lena
Columbus
Ga.
Turner, Dorothy
Dawson
Ga.
Turnipseed, R. F., Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
Tubb, Frances Marshall
Bowling Green.... Ky.
Turner, Blanche, Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
Thomas, Mary Leila Ponder, Mrs. Rutledge
Ga.
Tillman, Lillian Florine
Atlanta
Ga.
Topham, Jeanette Olivia
Atlanta
Ga.
Thornton, Margaret
Atlanta
Ga.
Thomason, Johnny
Atlanta
Ga.
Thompson, Mary Elizabeth
Decatur
Ga.
Torbet, Annie Maude
Albany
Ga.
Turner, Annette Augusta
Sylvania
Ga.
Torrance, Mamie
Kite
Ga.
Tuck, Lilla
Athens
Ga.
Taylor, Eva
Culloden
Ga.
Taylor, Lucile
Jackson
Ga.
161
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
5820 Taylor, Lucille 7104 Tayloi,Lula 1072 Taylor, Ruby 3494 Templeton, Ruby Louise 11845 Taylor, Bessie 11846 Teasley, Thelma 11847 Teaver, Lorine 11848 Terry, Elsie 11849 Thomas, Clyde Virginia 11850 Thomas, Mary Moody 11851 Thompson, Julia Louise 11852 Thrash, Ethel 11853 Tingle, Thelma Elizabeth 11854 Tison, Cecile Louise 11855 Toney, Amelia G. 11856 Trammell, Maurine Ellen 11857 Turner, Emma Line 11858 Turner, Louise Morris 10889 Turner, Marguerite 11859 Twiggs, Ruth 3983 Terry, Margaret Caroline 4628 Thomas, Eula 4629 Thomas, Jessie Mae 7358 Thomas, J. O. 3208 Thomas, Jewell Inez 4806 Thomas, Marion, Mrs. 3207 Thomas, Rubye 5823 Thompson, Virginia 3337 Tillman, Eva 7938 Tomberlin, Eva 7534 Torbert, Ruth 1090 Trammell, Hilda Cawlyn 4402 Tribble, Ogla 7939 Turner, Buna Lorraine 1106 Tweedell, Minnie
Cordele Taylorsville Culloden Hephzibah Blythe Bowman Gabbettville Atlanta Louisville Lavonia Swainsboro Mountville Monticello Cedartown Carrollton Morrow Hawkinsville Logansville McDonough Hiawassee Decatur Lavonia Lavonia Lavonia Lavonia Jackson Lavonia Lawrenceville Fargo Waycross Fort Gaines Bowdon Lavonia Waycross Bowdon
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
162
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
10722 11860 11861 11862 11863 9067 7108 2589 7669 2758
Van Landingham, Emily Vaughan, Annabel Vaughan, Mary Vickery, Bernice Ellendar Vinson, Naomi Vasburg, Charlee Annie Varner, Gladys Virginia Vaughar, Pearl Vining, Fannie Vining, Mary A.
Donalsonville Ga.
Thomasville
Ga.
Meansville
Ga.
Folkston
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Ringgold
Ga.
Rutledge
Ga.
Washington
Ga.
Ft. Valley
Ga.
Thomaston
Ga.
8936 Waddey, Mary Huntington 8803 Wallace, Anne 8455 White, Rebecca 8516 Wells, Edna Frances 8713 White, Ella Maye 8896 Williams, Sara Lee 8764 Wire, Margaret Ethel 9244 William?, Florine Isabella 9245 Williams, Laura Elizabeth 9867 Wright, Travie Lee, Mrs. 10307 Williamson, Elizabeth 10441 Walker, Leonora Gorman 10906 Williamson, Nell 10723 Wade, Gladys 11433 Watkins, Frances Ruth 11119 Weaver, Kathryn 11435 Westbrook, Alice 11120 Wilson, Lucille Emma 11122 Womac, Mary Lee 11121 Woodall, Mildred 11886 Wyatt, Bertha Mae 11887 Wyatt, Irene 4811 Walker, Margie Clyde 3342 Walker, Rachel
163
Atlanta Perry Chipley Dublin Chipley Woodbuiy Fitzgerald TyTy TyTy Jonesboro Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Dixie Boston Atlanta Americus Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Franklin Franklin Conyers Camilla
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga. Ga. Ga* Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
4404 Wallace, Florrie B. 3344 Walters, Willie Inez 7851 Ward, Ada Mae 7942 Ward, Iva Jenkins, Mrs. 1157 Weatherly, J. S., Mrs. 7748 Wells, Grace 5827 Wehunt, Lois 4015 West, A. C, Mrs. 1170 West, Marion Elizabeth 7670 West, Ruth Elizabeth 3154 Whitaker, Marian Inez 4020 White, Lucy Eleanor 1183 Whitmire, Hassie Mae 1189 Wilcox, Martha 1193 Wilks, Alma Smith 1506 Wilkins, Helen Mae 7548 Wilkins, Mildred 4819 Williams, Mary O. 3231 Williams, Virginia 4479 Williamson, Annelle 5539 Wills, Lillian Alice 5540 Wills, Mary Ruth 7550 Willis, Mabel Elizabeth 1212 Wilson, Dessa 7373 Wimberly, Mamie Lucile 7372 Willoughby, Iva 3349 Wiseman, Helen Lucile 7123 Wolf, Gladys 3232 Woods, Ruth 5640 Woodward, Mary Faye 7376 Wooten, Myrtie Gertrude 2677 Wright, Addie Ruth 1235 Wyche, Lillian Agnes 8069 Wallace, Mary 8095 Wright, Evelyn Mae 11864 Walker, Florence Elsie 11865 Waller, Elmira
164
Griffin
Ga.
Toccoa
Ga.
Powder Springs . . . Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Hoschton
Ga.
Watkinsville
Ga.
Winterville
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Armuchee
Ga.
Blythe
Ga.
Jonesboro
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
McRae
Ga.
Adel
Ga.
Savannah
Ga
Hull
Ga.
Cataula
Ga.
Buena Vista
Ga.
Jefferson
Ga.
Jefferson
Ga.
Jefferson
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Lyons
Ga.
Villa Rica
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Cuthbert
Ga.
TyTy
Ga.
Albany
Ga.
Chamblee
Ga.
Luthersville
Ga.
WaverlyHall Ga.
Gray
Ga.
LaGrange
Ga.
Soperton
Ga.
PROVISIONAL NORMAL-A CLASS
Application Number
11866 Wallis, Jennie Bernice 11867 Walthall, Lucile 11868 Walton, Maytrice 11869 Wansley, Azelean 11870 Watson, Elizabeth 11871 Watson, Harriet E. 11872 Westfield, Blanche 11873 Whigham, Ethel 11874 White, Martha Louise 11875 White, Willis 11876 Wilbanks, Janie 11877 Williams, Aubrey 11878 Williams, Lucile Elizabeth
11879 Williams, Mary Lou 11880 Wilson, Gladys Hazel 11881 Wilson, Nell 11883 Wingate, Lucile 11882 Wilson, Virginia Emile 11884 Wise, Mary Frances 11504 Woodbury, Alice Frances
Waycross
Ga.
Moreland
Ga.
Washington
Ga.
Lincolnton
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Calhoun
Ga.
Bartow
Ga.
Dublin
Ga.
Cartersville
Ga.
Lavonia
Ga.
Abbeville
Ga.
Stone Mountain .. Ga.
Sumner
Ga.
Morris Station. . . .Ga.
Vidalia
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Hogansville
Ga.
Sandeisville
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
7556 York, Grace
Clarksville
Ga.
11888 Zachary, Bettie Sue 7125 Zeagler, Iree
Milledgeville
Ga.
Zeigler
Ga.
165
COLLEGE TEACHERJS.
Application Number
11453 11464 11212 11211 11472 11214 11490 11217
Arnold, Lillian Carolyn
Fayetteville
Ga.
Carter, Pauline
Fort Valley
Ga.
Cobb, Lewis Connell
Temple
Ga.
Dowling, Walter Cecil
Jesup
Ga.
Godwin, Mary
Americus
Ga.
McCarty, Robert B.
Macon
Ga.
Strozier, Mary Viole
Savannah
Ga.
Young, Ronald Crowden Stewart Edinburgh, Scotland.
166
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
2438 1251 2833 2839 5838 1573 1253 2689 119 1259 4305 8630 8493 8378 9548 9633
Adams, Hattilu.. Alexander, David Hall Allen, Fletcher D. Allen, S. S. Allison, Marvin Augustus Altick, Angela Anderson, Essie Mae Anthony, Lennie E. Arlington, Alvin C. Austin, G. C. Avara, Wills M. Allen, Sarah Elizabeth Anderson, Helen Josephine Allen, Robert T. Amsler, Otto LeRoy Allgood, Jesse LeRoy
Savannah Toccoa Cleveland. Cleveland Cleveland Savannah Adrian Rydal Keysville Ringgold Statham. Dewey Rose... Bellevue Riverdale... _ Gainesville. Griffin
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ..Ga. Ga. Tenn. Ga. ..Ga. Ga.
10013 10233 10389 10728 10235 10237 10730 11374 5401 10454 10736
1513 5711 2313 5953 1517 1518 2881 3093 2776
Bailey, Gladys Bailey, Iona Baker, Eugene Middleton Bangs, Frances Banks, William S. Barnum, Mabel Elliott Bell, Fannie L. Watkins, Mrs. Breen, Florence Berry, Stella Lida Boyer, F. S., Mrs. (Ida Lee) Brown, Alice, Mrs. Bader, John A. Baker, Comer C. Baker, Ruth Gilbert Barker, Jennie Meta Barnette, O. M., Mrs. Barr, William J. Barrett, Thomas J. Baynard, Jennings Ernest Beck, J. Bedford, Mrs.
167
Griffin Atlanta. Augusta Biltmore. Smithville Americus Whigham Jesup Blairsville Millen.. Atlanta Quincy Austell Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta. Columbiana Talbotton Macon Summit
Ga. Ga. Ga. N. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. ...Ga. ....111. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ohio. .....Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
5713 Beck, Jesse Frank 158 Bell, Laura
5956 Bennett, Laura 4997 Bennett, Miriam Albert 1272 Benson, James Willie Lee 1274 Bigham. Joseph Lowry 4309 Bishop, Elmer Ellsworth 5002 Bittick, Virginia 4310 Black, Raymond M. 2693 Blakely, Charles B. 2317 Blodgett, Mary Allison
181 Booth, Sankey 5842 Boyd, Wier Lovelace 4060 Bowlin, Zetta Lee 1278 Boswell, William Johnson 1280 Boyd, John F. 9423 Brown, Lula, Mrs. 9486 Baldwin, Irene, Mrs. 9551 Bruce, Janie Vivian 9522 Bruner, Vernon Lee 9635 Bennett, Amelia B. 9845 Bell, Howell Philip 9928 Berry, J. R., Mrs. 194 Bradley, Elizabeth Winburn 1282 Brannon, Helen 2886 Braswell, Reuben A. 5961 Bright, Clara M. 5844 Britt, Mary Lou 7611 Brock, Laura Wilkes, Mrs. 7762 Brodie, U. N., Mrs. 1288 Brooks, Jane Lewis 4665 Brown, Brooks, Samuel 1289 Brown, J. C. 1290 Brown, Janise Stewart 2702 Brown, Thomas J. 5720 Brown, Walter E. 229 Bryson, Lilie Gurley, Mrs.
168
Garfield Jasper Camilla Jefferson Atlanta Atlanta Thomas ville Forsyth Prosperity Ora Atlanta Hahira Atlanta Atlanta Greensboro.. Atlanta Columbus Cuthbert Ward Atlanta Bay Minette Millen Griffin Carters ville Pavo Dacula Alamo Tifton Niota Waycross Albany
Blythewood Atlanta. Greensboro Dewey Rose Locust Grove.. Ocilla
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Tenn. Ga. Ga.
S. C. Ga.
N. C. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
7612 Bryson, Marion Turner 6037 Buchanan, Katherine R. 3364 Bunkley, William H., Mrs. 2521 Burt, Mary Matthews 2456 Burt, Rachel 7400 Burt, William Thompson
237 Bush, Marianne 8281 Bailey, Ida Blocker, Mrs. 8413 Broadnax, Charles E.
204 Broadwell, N. H., Jr., Mrs. 4311 Boone, Delia K., Mrs. 4497 Boatright, Paul Chapman, Mrs. 8903 Blackwell, May, Mrs. 8633 Berry, Forest Carter 8226 Benns, Iva Lee Whitaker, Mrs. 8718 Balcomb, Edna Cline 5846 Bryan, Hallie 9074 Bryant, Henry 9050 Burdett, H. S., Mrs. 9049 Burdett, Hiram S. 6618 Ballard, Pauline Foster, Mrs. 9002 Burch, Nathan Harlowe 9345 Blasingame, Josiah, Jr., Mrs. 5968 Bush, Avner 10991 Benton, J. H., Mrs.
Augusta
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Brunswick
Ga.
Crawford
Ga.
Crawford.--
Ga.
Donalsonville Ga.
Goggansville
Ga.
Bluffton
-Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
Alpharetta
Ga.
Baxley
Ga.
Kite
.....Ga.
Due West
S. C.
Young Harris.... Ga.
West Point
Ga.
Waycross
Ga.
Wrights ville
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Cochran
....Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Madison
Ga.
Cadwell
Ga.
Jersey
Ga.
Vienna
..Ga.
Fitzgerald
Ga.
8909 8641 8771 8716 9683 9472 11380 10750 11388
Cloud, Esther Eugenia Cheatham, Jessie Bailey Colbert, J. Groves Cook, Hugh Y. Christopher, Hazel Courson, Vera Chauncey, Emily Elizabeth Crawford, Lollie Corinne Cubbedge, Carolina Catherine
169
Rock Hill Jefferson Penfield Atlanta Montezuma Covena Valdosta Cass ville Guyton
S. C. Ga.
.-Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
10466 Comer, Reuben Henry
Americus
Ga.
10398 Copeland, C. Morgan
Fairmont
Ga.
10572 Converse, Mildred B.
Atlanta
.Ga.
10028 Collier, Maude H., Mrs.
Damascus
Ga.
2333 Crusselle, Ruth
Atlanta
Ga.
7389 Cleckler, John S.
Palmetto
...Ga.
4679 Clegg, James L.
Monroe
Ga.
3599 Clements, Willie
Eastman
Ga.
1306 Clift, Thos.
Atlanta
Ga.
2463 Clyatt, Ruby
Hogansville ....Ga.
4518 Cobb, Lucy Florence
Carrollton
Ga.
8075 Cole, Mary F.
Gay
Ga.
3374 Coleman, James O., Mrs.
Culloden.
...Ga.
2786 Coleman, Lois
Young Harris.. Ga.
3608 Collier, Annie Laurie
Atlanta...
Ga.
4683 Collier, Bryan Wells
College Park..... Ga.
7620 Colvin, Mary Richards
Atlanta
.....Ga.
7562 Cox, Howell Boarwright
Atlanta
Ga.
5978 Corry, Ailene
Barnesville
...Ga.
7781 Coulter, Nathan B.
Ringgold
....Ga.
3606 Coffee, Cora, Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
7618 Colson, James Byron
Bristol.....
Ga.
1524 Cook, Perler Hoskin
Camp Hill..
Ala.
4686 Cook, Thelma
Cordele....
Ga.
3103 Cooper, Blanche
Cedartown
Ga.
7211 Cooper, J. P.
Hoschton
.....Ga.
5855 Cooper, Lamar Jackson
Commerce
Ga.
1323 Creel, Leone
Auburn
Ala.
2789 Cripps, Raymond Fields
Albany
Ga.
5052 Crittenden, Ida Virginia
Shellman
Ga.
311 Croft, Loulie Morrow
West Point
Ga.
5857 Cross, Martha Underwood, Mrs. Bainbridge.
Ga.
2970 Calbeck, Pallas
Calhoun
Ga.
1299 Callaway, William Turner
Rayle
Ga.
5418 Camp, J. L., Mrs.
Blakely
Ga.
5551 Camp, James Casper
Alvaton
Ga.
5420 Camp, Jay William
Douglas ville
Ga.
170
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
5849 2622 5724 3243 255 2843 2706 7204 1523 2844 6040 5419 258 3246 4511 266 1302 2462 272 274 3596 1305 282 281 4515
Carlisle, James Mallory Carlton, Frances Carpenter, Robert Carroll, Edward G. Carson, Allie G. Carswell, Clara B. Carter, Riley B. Cash, Ethel Smith, Mrs. Casteel, Barney Parks Casteel, Robert Griffin Castellow, Meta, Mrs. Castleberry, Jerome, Mrs. Cates, Thelma Chambers, James Newton Chandler, O'Neal W. Chapman, Jno. Webb Cheney, Howard Walton Cherry, William John Jr. Cheves, Carolyn Elizabeth Childs, Frank Childs, James Ji Clanton, M. J., Mrs. Clark, Ethel Bean, Mrs. Clark, May Belle Clearman, William T.
Decatur Hartwell Rockmart Rossville LaFayette Decatur Elberton Cornelia Atlanta... Metasville Americus Gainesville. Tifton Homer Bishop Doraville Atlanta Rock Hill Cuthbert Middleton Atlanta Groulland Atlanta Cordele Blakely
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ....Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
2336 2188 5055 5054 1619 5058 1328 5565 4328
David, O. K. Davidson, Kathleen Daniel, Helen Ware Daniels, Bertha Mae Daniels, Daisy Iona Davis, Alfred Lee Davis, Kate Lois Davis, F. R., Mrs. Davis, Pearl Rice, Mrs.
171
Atlanta Eatonton Newnan Dexter Savannah Rome Dahlonega LaGrange Dadeville
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ala.
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
3105 DeFoor, James B. 2339 DeFoor, Robert T. 3383 Dellinger, Otis C. 2137 Dempsey, Thos. Jackson, Jr. 3384 Dickson, Mamie Conner, Mrs. 343 Dilts, Preston Vine 2792 Dobbins, Artie Hunt, Mrs. 1336 Domini ck, Raymond H. 5065 Donaldson, Desse 1337 Doss, Grace Corine 2343 Douglas, Robert Raymond 3258 Dowd, Owen Nicholas 2344 Doyal, Roy Lance 4697 Doyal, Thelma Elizabeth 6222 Driskell, Lula Houser 7998 Duggan, Katherine 352 Duggan, Maud, Mrs. 8862 DeLay, Louise 8774 Dodd, Sallie Daniel, Mrs. 9005 Dickey, Fannie Alice Moore 8725 David, Minnie Merle 9827 Dornblott, Amelia 9805 Duggan, Ruby McLain, Mrs. 3643 Douglas, Osborne, Mrs. 10036 Dempsey, Lucile Patton 10328 Davis, Arthur W. 9642 Daniel, Evans Stella 10262 Dickey, Mildred 9392 Donehoo, Ralph M. 9495 Dudley, Bessie May
Morrow..
Ga.
Atlanta..
Ga.
Calhoun
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
Mt. Vernon
Ga.
Michigan City. ... ...Ind.
Ringgold
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Summit-
.......Ga.
Dallas
Ga.
East Lake
Ga.
Ty Ty
Ga.
Atlanta...
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Sparta
......Ga.
Warthen
Ga.
Sanders ville.
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Musella
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Athens....
Ga.
Dawson
Ga.
Atlanta...
Ga.
Coosa
Ga.
Hamilton
...Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Madison..
.S. C.
Roswell
.....Ga.
Cloumbus
Ga.
3387 2794
7700 3262
Eckford, William Hill Edwards, W. W.
Eldridge, Mable Kathleen Ellis, Thomas W.
172
Greenville Forrest Park Lenoir City Gray
Ga. Ga. .Tenn. Ga.
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
369 Elrod, Garnett C. 59'92 Elrod, Julius Mitchell 5739 Eppinger, Jamie Carreker 3391 Erven, Thomas Duncan 2902 Ethridge, Annie Belle
376 Eubanks, John Evans 376 Eubanks, John Evans 3109 Engram, Mabel Dell 3263 Ellison, J. R. 8958 Epting, Robert E. 9115 Etheridge, Anne Stewart 9647 Eve, Mary Lois 10763 Ellis Carl A., Mrs.,
Lavonia Athens Griffin Culleoka Shellman Augusta Augusta... Fort Gaines Maysville, Ga Swainsboro Atlanta Augusta Hazlehurst
Ga. Ga. Ga. Tenn. Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
4705 Findley, Lee Barret 4439 Fletcher, Van, Mrs. 9281 Frank, Helen Elizabeth 8960 Franklin, Flora 10408 Flynt, Wm. Albert Hervey 10483 Fitts, Ralph Lamar 9987 Folsom, Albert Vernon 8042 Fennell, Claire W., Mrs. 8043 Ficklen, Emmi Bounds 7227 Fields, Louise Arnold 1349 Fincher, W. E. 5571 Finley, Annie 4925 Flemister, Grace Leigh 3267 Ford, Dixie Vestal, Mrs. 7230 Fortney, William Frank
403 Foster, H. M., Mrs. 3268 Foster, Jno. C, Mrs. 5572 Frank, Virginia Caroline 5439 Fraser, Mary B. 4337 Fryar, Frances Elizabeth
173
Duluth J ackson... Tampa Atlanta Locust Grove Atlanta Waycross-- Augusta Washington Brooklyn Atlanta... Fairmount Dalton Helena Spring Place Cartersville Bluffton... Anderson. Hinesville
Rochelle...-
Ga. Ga. -Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. N. Y. - Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga.
Ga.
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
1360 Gaertner, Marion A.
5104 427 428
3396 1530 5111 7569 3052 4712 2190 1368 1373 454 2983 2632 1369 7795 3401 468 8544 9082 419 9527 9559 9203 9354 9875 10161 10049 11397
Garner, Wm. Berry Geiger, Washington, T. P. George, Kathryn Gibbs, Jep A. Gilbert, Claud C. Glasure,' Ruth Mabel Gnann, H. C. Gooeh, Susan Goodson, Jessie Lee Gordon, Abba Joe Goulden, Robert S. Graham, Geo. Gray, Eula Maderia Gray, Madison Marion Green, Judson Jesse Griffin, Annie Mark Griffin, Luther Alfred Gross, Ida Lance, Mrs. Gunby, Hammond R. Gilbert, Esther Gaines, Bessie C. Taylor, Mrs. Gardner, H. A., Mrs. Guest, Annie S., Mrs. Gilbert, Forest Julian Gardner, Ethel Johnson Guthrie, Oscar R. Goddard, Annie Gordon, Ethel Denton, Mrs. Granade, T. E., Mrs. Gunn, Elsie Arrington
Oglethorpe
University Ga.
Warthen
Ga.
Rockmart---
Ga.
Cuthbert
Ga.
Apalachee
..Ga.
Fairburn
Ga.
Commerce
-Ga.
Stillwell
Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
Chickamauga Ga.
McGregor
Ga.
Kirkwood
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Ailey
- Ga.
Gray
Ga.
Junction City Ga.
Sugar Valley -Ga.
Gibson
Ga.
Young Harris-- Ga.
Adel
Ga.
Jonesboro
Ga.
Elberton
Ga.
Alpharetta
Ga.
Rome.....
--Ga.
Kite--
Ga.
Adairsville
Ga.
Morganton.
..Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Stapleton
Ga.
Washington
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
8569 Harris, Roy Carter 8443 Howard, Annie Randolph
174
Wrens Turnerville
Ga. ..Ga.
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application
Number
8311 Hughes, Edward T. 8244 Harmon, Thos. Leonard 8822 Harris, Caroline Haygood
8955 Hodgson, Ray D. 8824 Hogan, Graves, Mrs.
9179 Hardin, David H. 9208 Harper, Levada
9087 House, Clara Hill, Mrs.
4725 Hill, Lucile Moye
10051 9990 10345 10057 2916 1391
Harris, Leila, Mrs. Hembry, Carolyn Larraine Hughes, Charles Fletcher Holsenbeck, W. M., Mrs. Hinton, Una Hobson, James
4349 Hodges, Elias
5153 Hogan, John Walker
5760 Holmes, Mary Cade
5458 Holland, Frank Mauldin 5459 Hollingsworth, Clayton 3119 Hollingsworth, C. J., Jr.
7578 Holt, Margaret
7712 Hood, Mary Sue
2803 Hood, Pauline
4558 Hooper, Irma Ezzelle
5761 Hope, Jos. Elsy 1399 Hopkins, E. E., Jr.
5763 Hopkins, Henry B.
5164 Horton, Olyra
2806 Howell, Bessie Olivia 564 Hudson, Charles A.
2860 Hulsey, Ernest C.
8009 Hunter, Eva Fuller, Mrs.
576 Hurst, Lucy C. Butler, Mrs.
2637 Hutchinson, G. W., Mrs.
5748 Haley, C. W., Mrs.
2633 Hamer, Win. W.
5578 Hammond, Harriet C.
175
Camilla
Macon
El Paso
-
Atlanta
Leathers ville
Dalton
Ocilla..
Hainesville
Sasser
Wrightsville
Savannah.
Dalton
Winder
Dacula
Jasper
Claxton
Lincolnton
Cedartown
Byron
Dover
Atlanta
Sanders ville
East Point
Young Harris
Marietta
Homer
Luthers ville
Chipley
Rome
Young Harris..
Raleigh
Gainesville
Cummings
Pelham
Wrightsville
Elberton
Chipley.
Kosciusko
Ga. Ga. Tex. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Miss.
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
481 8115 1536 7021
489 5451 4292 3717 2356
513 520 3410 1675 1676 1385 3734 2192 4851
Hamrick, Ostin Homer Hancock, Buren Wesley Hanson, James Butler Hunt, Mary Lois Hardy, Sara Brame Harris, Elizabeth Hartsfield, Marjorie Dozier Harwell, Frances Grace Haynes, Frances Field Hawkes, Warren Dozier Heaton, Virginia Bonner, Mrs. Heide, Agnes Hester, Hazel Estelle Higdon, Sarah Hilburn, Johnnie Hill, Rebie Harwell Hill, Zula Belle Hinesley, William Fred
Haddock Atlanta Atlanta Tunnel Hill Rome Rome..... Jonesville Atlanta Darien. Palmetto Tallapoosa.... Macon... Savannah Calvary Mt. Vernon Atlanta... Portland Rome
Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Tenn. ....Ga.
7268 Ivey, Martha Tomlinson 9181 Ivey, Watler Cheney
Jesup Rutledge
...Ga. Ga.
8393 8603 9655 9698 10497 9962 7902 2924 7025 3758 5674
Jones, Inez Jbrdan, B. L., Mrs. jphns, Mary Louise Jenkins, Inez Lever, Mrs. Jbrdan,Ada Johnson, Reba Juanita Jenkins, Audrey Hazel J'eter, Marvin L. Johnson, Allie Jl, Mrs. Johnson, F. A., Mrs. Johnson, Ida
176
Mayfield Ellaville Winder Blythewood Atlanta Forsyth Hartwell Emory Grantville Atlanta Bowman
Ga. Ga. .....Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. .....Ga. .....Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
2196 5768 2639
621 3429 5585
620 7028
Johnson, Ouida Jones, Henry Alton Jbnes, Mamie Jones, Mitta Byrd Jones, Myrtle Olena Jones, Mollie Miller, Mrs. J)ones, William Roy Jbhnston, Sybil
Surrency Sale City Dahlonega Elberton.. Eatonton Savannah Colquitt Stillmore
Ga. - Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ---Ga - --Ga.
2518 8118 2197 5191 4570 2642 5475 4483 8492 8658
Keeter, Minnie Inez Keith, Thelma Nichols Kelley, Ruth Kennedy, Mary Elizabeth Kenyon, Josephine Kimbrough, Ennis Odelle Knott, Nina May Knox, William Ryndall Kemp, Julian Mays Kilgore, Elizabeth Elliott
Talking Rock Ga.
Blue Ridge ......Ga.
Reidsville
Ga.
Dublin
-Ga.
Weston
Ga.
Vienna -- Ga.
Apalachee
Ga.
Social Circle
Ga.
Marietta
Ga.
Clarkston
-Ga.
8873 9126 9399 9814 9787 10503 10501 11027 2996 4571 3438 2523
667
Layfield, James Magruder Lanier, Rita Aurelia Lance, Elizabeth Wiseman Lovett, Evelyn Lawrence, Roberta Lowe, James Thomas Langston, Henry L. Lovette, Marion Autrey Land, C. W., Mrs. Latimer, Lena Virginia Ledbetter, W. Boyce Ledford, Silas F. Lee, Jbhn Richard
177
Macon Harlem Gainesville Marshall ville... Milledgeville._ Austell Atlanta Nashville Atlanta Comer... Lavonia..... Dillard Camilla
...Ga. -Ga. ..Ga.
Ga. Ga. -- Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .....Ga.
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
3291 Lindsey, Samuel Jefferson 8054 Littlejohn, Boyd Bashan 3440 Long, Bessie Trotter, Mrs. 3442 Lott, Beulah 686 Lumpkin, Roselyn
Atlanta Pacolet Leesburg Brunswick Cartersville
Ga. S. C.
Ga. Ga. Ga.
705 Moser, Oscar Seborn
Lewisville ....N. C.
4366 Mobley, LaNelle
Jefferson
Ga.
4572 Mobley, Lee, Mrs.
West Point
Ga.
746 Mooar, Lydia Louise
Marietta
Ga.
5682 Moore, Juanita
Moultrie....
Ga.
2818 Moore, Leita
Pinehurst
Ga.
5487 Morgan, Leila Helen
Vienna
Ga.
4587 Morgan, Sarah
LaGrange
Ga.
.
4588 Morris, Eunice
Locust Grove.. Ga.
5882 Morris, John Tollivar
Atlanta
Ga.
761 Morrow, Troy G.
Atlanta
Ga.
763 Morton, Jas. W., Mrs.
Athens
Ga.
5253 Mosley, Mayes
Jakin
Ga.
7056 Mount, Julia
Pavo
Ga.
4293 Mundy, Ella
Barboursville... Ga.
2203 Munro, Maurine
Ellaville
Ga.
7485 Murray, Jno. L.
Chappel Hill ...N. C.
4762 Murphy, Elizabeth
Kensington
Ga.
5603 Murray, Thos. William
Empire
Ga.
3311 Myrick, Julia
Thomas ville.... Ga.
7292 Mabry, Ossie May
Westminster -..S. C.
696 Markeit, Anton Paul
Augusta
.....Ga.
7473 Mathews, A. W., Mrs.
Carlton
. .Ga.
4362 Maxwell, Ophelia Quillian
Elverton...
Ga.
7298 Maxwell, Rosa Caldwell
Talbotton
Ga.
7725 Maynard, Bessie
Waycross
Ga.
2379 Mays. Elizabeth
Atlanta
Ga.
7477 Meador, Helen Pearl
Covington.....
Ga.
2935 Metts, Jesse Hudson
Stilesboro.. .
Ga.
178
i
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
5484 Miller, James F. 3002 Miller, Marie 5680 Miller, William Dews 3309 Mingledorf, Ernest Bascom 8371 Moody, Egbert Smith 8610 Miller, Bessie 8611 Miller, William A. 7907 Morris, Walter Lee 8973 Mayes, Kennie Ward, Mrs. 9504 Maxwell, C. A. 9616 Matthews, Irma Foster, Mrs. 9708 Moye, Mary Sallie, Mrs. 9891 Murphy, Vienna Mae 9994 Martin, George I. 10078 Mason, J. D., Mrs. 9296 Miller, Henry Prentice 10080 Mayfield, Allene 10614 Mottley, Rosa Vaughn 10357 Mattox, Martha Josephine 8663 Miller, Geo. P., Mrs. 8209 Martin, Hubert Jfl, Mrs.
Leo
-Ga.
Stapleton
- Ga.
Waycross
Ga.
Springfield
Ga.
Oxford
Ga.
Auraria --
Ga.
Mt. Airy
Ga.
Atlanta
- Ga.
Marietta..
Ga.
Ferrum
.....Va.
Dallas.
-Ga.
Wrights ville
Ga.
Louisville
Ga.
Sylvester
....Ga.
Atlanta
- Ga.
Barnes ville
Ga.
LaGrange....
Ga.
Amelia
- Ga.
Newnan
Ga.
Demorest -- Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
5594 McAfee, Bertha 786 McDonald, Joseph George 5481 McFather, J. 0., Mrs. 3869 McGuire, Annie Mae 798 McKenzie, Geraldine 5227 McKinnon, Lila 5781 McLarty, Dorris Inea 2864 McLendon, Grady 4749 McNeely, Jenna Sue 8926 McMillan, Harriett 9967 McDougald, Mary Gilmore
10072 McArthur, Willie G. Mrs. 10590 McFadden, Lawrence Walker
179
Wrights ville
Augusta -
Cuthbert
Atlanta
Rome
-
Bluffton
Douglasville
Coleman
Toccoa
Bartow
Statesville
Cordele...
Mount Berry
Ga. Ga. -Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
3874 810 2743 7058 9186 9816 10364
Nabors, Evelyn Elizabeth Neal, Ellene Nelms, F. Glenn Northcutt, Mamie Norman, C. P., Mrs. Naylor, Thelma Nowell, Mary Lucy
Atlanta McDonough Danielsville Verbena Alpharetta Raleigh Monroe
Ga. Ga. ..Ga. Ala. Ga. N. C. Ga.
11040 3137 2654 2548 2204 7059 5794 5795 3312 7060 5606 3311 4460
Orr, Hubert Conrad Oliver, Grover C. Oliver, Kate Brewer Oliver, Robert Lee Oliver, Ruth Orahood, Emory Guy Orr, Gordon L. Orr, Lola Hart Osborne, Robert L. Otis, Algernon Francis Owens, Cleo Scruggs Owens, Gladys Owens, Millie Peeples, Mrs.
Flowery Branch Ga.
Penfield
Ga.
Eastman
Ga.
Pooler
Ga.
Cairo
Ga.
Sanders ville
Ga.
Demorest....
Ga.
Demorest
Ga.
Marietta
Ga.
Augusta
.....Ga.
Hahira ,
Ga.
Aiken
S. C.
Fitzgerald
.....Ga.
7064 Padgett, Edna 4375 Padrick, Elizabeth Idella 7733 Pafford, William Edison
829 Page, James Gaynor 3890 Parham, Lolah
836 Park, W. S. 2944 Parrish, Barrie Jjohnston, Mrs. 5886 Pate, Claudie L., Mrs. 4770 Pate, Zeph E., Mrs. 8017 Patterson, Harold Telford 4771 Patterson, Ruby D., Mrs. 2552 Peavy, Melvin Eugene 855 Perry, Mary Knight 6291 Pettit, Frank B. 867 Pinkerton, Thelma L.
180
Hayesville
N. C.
Tifton
Ga.
Milltown
Ga.
Avera
Ga.
Emory University Ga.
College Park
Ga.
Brooklet
Ga.
Cordele
Ga.
Unadilla
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Waycorss
Ga.
Vienna
Ga.
Madison
Ga.
Ellijay
Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
1466 Pirkle, John Robert 872 Pool, Howard 8086 Poole, Robt. J., Mrs. 876 Porch, Faith Walton 1459 Posey, Valeria Ida 2205 Powell, Annie Mae 3910 Powell Hazelle 5281 Prince, Ethel Margaret 8131 Palmer, Frances C, Mrs. 9027 Price, Sara Kee 9292 Peterson, David C. 9098 Price, Shade Lester 9230 Proctor, Ella 7923 Person, Elizabeth Pryor, Mrs. 9618 Padgett, Louie Love 9574 Powell, Rex Aurelius
2396 Quattelbaum, Harold H. 902 Quillian, Maud Smith
9894 Radford, Mary Elizabeth 8514 Rhyne, Katherine Elizabeth 7148 Rogers, Kate 9297 Rudisill, Martha Helena 4348 Rentz, Marjorie 9817 Redding, Irene Holmes 9712 Reams, Agnes 10104 Rushton, Eva 10097 Ruff, Edith Roy 4778 Roy, Carl Newton 1756 Register, Melva Kenner 4781 Reynolds, Robert Lee 5288 Rice, Oreita 5692 Riley, Pickens, Mrs. 3928 Rivers, Mary Estelle 2562 Roberts, Laura Jean 5937 Roddenberry, J. D., Mrs. 2563 Rogers, Mary Ruby 3474 Rosser, Alma Adams
181
Buford Dacula Abbeville Barnesville Central Valdosta Atlanta..... Morganton Camilla Lincolnton Greenbush. Stapleton Forsyth... Fitzgerald Oakman Columbus
Atlanta Athens
Chickamauga LaFayette Cusseta... Anniston Wadley Zebulon... Pulaski Johnston Atlanta Commerce Savannah Atlanta Scott Butler Atlanta Washington Folkston... Watkinsville.. Eatonton
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ..Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. -Ga. Ga. Tenn. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
1 PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
2207 935 3010 5507 4386 1558 11298
Rosser, Mary Winnefred Rountree, Hattie Rogers, Mrs. Rountree, I. J., Mrs. Rouse, J. H., Mrs. Rutherford, Clara Bell Rutherford, William Fred Reid, Noah Hendricks
10116 11424 11426 10113 10523 10871 10107 11303 8340 8882 7843 8885 8802 8621 9168 9031 9236 9510 9580 2668 9669 9790 7928 1000 2208
999 1002 1004 2566
Stephens, H. F., Mrs. Sapp, Mary Eunice Simmons, Alma Ruth Smith, Emily Dickinson Seckinger, C. E., Mrs. Stapleton, Charles Jabez Shoudy, Harold jWes Smith, Ralph Nelville Stafford, Hazel Sirmons, Bernice Smith, Minnie McKie, Mrs. Spearman, Sarah Pauline Sutton, Katherine B. Swords, Mary Ellen Scott, Ben I. Smith, Leonora B., Mrs. Smith, Mark A. Stone, Rufus Bernard Shingler, Margaret B. Smith, Willie Frank Stevens, Frank B. Stafford, Ethel Blanche Salter, Emory C. Sammon, Margaret Sammons, Lucia Elizabeth Sammons, Milner Tufts Sanders, Eugene H. Satterwhite, Madelle Sawyer, Eva Child, Mrs.
LaFayette
Ga.
Adrian
Ga.
Oak Park
Ga.
Warwick
Ga.
Roberta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
East Point .......Ga.
Brunswick
Ga.
Valdosta
Ga.
LaGrange
Ga.
Clyo
Ga.
Colquitt
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Opelika
Ala.
Jakin
Ga.
Meriwether .....S. C.
Newberry ....S. C.
Forsyth
.Ga.
Swords
Ga.
Hollywood
Ga.
Carrollton . Ga.
Thomaston
Ga.
Newberry ....S. C.
Ashburn
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Baldwin
Ga.
Greensboro ...N. C.
Bartow
Ga.
Lawrenceville... Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Gray
..Ga.
Hahira
Ga.
Chipley.
.Ga.
Saluda
N C.
182
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES
Application Number
2404 7338 2406 1010 7078 2567 4389 1016 5804 1473 7514 1023 8024
Savage, Harry Clifton Scoggins, James A. Scott, N. C. Scruggs, Chester A. Sears, Edgar Lewis Segars, Robert F. Settle, Edward C, Jr. Sharoe, Ada Shell, Stephen Parks Shepherd, Judson O'Donald Sherwood, Thos. Edward Shingler, Jjohn Monroe, Jr. Shuler, Alexander A.
2408 Sims, Martha Anne 1031 Singleton, Irene 1032 Skelton, Annie Grace 1924 Sinquefield, Oladelle 1033 Skinner, James Lister 5313 Slade, Louise 1562 Slaughter, Mary Lee 1034 Sloan, Wincie M. 3016 Smith, Alfred Goodrich 1477 Smith, Margaret Kathryn 5321 Smith, Otis Sanford 2414 Smith, Samuel Denny 5813 Spann, Carl McKinley 6077 Speer, Carrie
956 Spencer, David Van Buren 958 Spinks, Mary 3017 Sprayberry, W. Paul 2210 Stanley, Ann Elizabeth 965 Stapleton, Jno. Lawson 7096 Stapleton, Julius Boyd 7935 Stephens, Nancy 969 Stephenson, Bettie Allene 5815 Stewart, Frederick R.
183
Atlanta
...Ga.
Thomasville... ...Ga.
Atlanta
-- ...Ga.
Augusta
...Ga.
Hoboken
...Ga.
Commerce
...Ga.
Atlanta
...Ga.
Oggechee.
...Ga.
Palmetto
...Ga.
Atlanta
...Ga.
McDonough ...Ga.
Holly Hill
.S. C.
Oglethorpe
University ...Ga.
Spartanburg .8. C.
College Park ...Ga.
Hartwell
...Ga.
Meigs
....Ga.
Augusta
...Ga.
Cordele
...Ga.
Atlanta,..
...Ga.
Resaca...
...Ga.
White
...Ga.
Thomson
...Ga.
Athens
....Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
LaGrange
Ga.
Acworth
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Colquitt
Ga.
Stapleton
.....Ga.
Dublin
Ga.
Roanoke
....Ala.
Athens
.....Ga.
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
5698 2417
977 986 989 5330 3488 7979 8217 8451 7093 10298
Stith, Estelle Stipe, John Wesley Stone, Eugenia Wootten Strozier, Albert W. Sullivan, Franklin Clyde Sutton, Sudie Sutlive, Vinson Hutchins Shelley, Pauline Sligh, Eulala Segars, Corinne Smith, Samuel G. Shead, Mary Elizabeth
Vidalia Decatur Newnan._ Midville Carnesville Rochelle Blakely..... Albany Walhalla Carnesville Valdosta Winder
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. ..Ga. Ga.
3151 Tabor, J. F.
Lavonia
..Ga.
1486 Tarrant, Robert H.
Greenwood
S. C.
2420 Tatum, Luther S.
Atlanta
Ga.
5819 Taylor, Frank Wayne
Dudley
Ga.
4879 Terrell, Joel Hood
Greenville
Ga.
2582 Thaxton, Cullen D., Mrs.
Jacksonville
Fla.
7981 Thompson, Frances Mae
Chipley
Ga.
4400 Thompson, Gertrude Ethelyn Chipley
Ga.
5527 Thornton, Olney
Buford
.....Ga.
1488 Thrasher, Jno. B., Mrs.
Douglas
...Ga.
2423 Tillery, Jesse Grady
Reagian Falls .Tex.
1083 Tippins, Grace
Reidsville
.....Ga.
:
8068 Todd, C. A., Jr., Mrs.
Rome
Ga.
1084 Todd, Robert Lee, Jr.
Warrenton
.Ga.
1491 Tolbert, Claude Thomas
Atlanta
Ga.
1492 Townes, May Fortenberg
Crystal Springs....Miss.
7360 Twiggs, Helen, Mrs.
Choestoe
Ga.
5344 Tye, Rosima
Edison
Ga.
8347 Tribble, Ethel L.
Lithonia.--
Ga.
8026 Taylor, Maude Chapman, Mrs. Dudley
Ga.
8623 Townsend, Richard Emerson Bennettsville S. C.
9414 Trammell, Walter B.
Griffin
Ga.
10888 Turner, J. C, Jr.
Hillsboro
Ga.
10528 Thompson, Rebecca
Thomas ville ..Ga.
184
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
11391 Touchton, May Lillie 10886 Tucker, Clarence Lewis
9170 Vandiviere, L. A. 9905 Van Dolsem, Martha 1114 Van Landingham, Jl W., Mrs. 2835 Van Winkle, Martin L. 4634 Vaughn, Annie Lucy 1119 Veazey, Mamie
8491 4638 9041 9104 9044 3345 10443 10308 10005 10387 9925
5349 7365 5636 3501 7539 5359 1173 4408 3022 1187 7986 1199 1197 7121 5375 3157 5832 2763
Whitworth, Richard A. Waters, Ha Mae Segard Watters, Annie Vance Wade, Virginia Willard, J. E., Mrs. Webb, Annie Varina Womble, Corinne Woodward, Esther Hampton Wilson, Mary Wootten, May Belle Woodruff, Frank, Mrs.
Wade, Katy Ware, J. H., Mrs. Watkins, Norman F. Watterson, Frances Wellborn, Irene Lillian Westbrooke, Agnes Ophelia Watson, Florence Shelton Whiddon, Marjorie Whitehead, Jewell Daniell, Mrs. Wight, Edward Allen Williams, Herchel Venus, Mrs. Williams, Robert Evans Williams, Wiley J. Williams, Susan Inez Williamson, Bonnie Willis, Irwin A. Wilson, A. T. Wilson, James Luther
185
Lake Park
Ga.
Commerce
Ga.
Daw6on
Ga.
Moultrie....
Ga.
Wrights ville
Ga.
Greshamville
Ga.
Conyers
Ga.
LaFayette
Ala.
Cottontown Tenn.
Commerce
Ga.
Hermitage
Ga.
Cornelia
Ga.
Gallion
Ala.
Amerieus--
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Leslie....
Ga.
Norcross
.....Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Reynolds
Ga.
Pineview..
Ga.
Whitesburg
..Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
Blairesville
Ga.
Arlington
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Fort Games
Ga.
Leary
Ga.
Marshall ville... Ga.
Fort Valley
Ga.
Collins
Ga.
Statham
Ga.
Statesboro.
Ga.
Cordele
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Ball Ground ..Ga.
Valdosta
Ga.
PROVISIONAL HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
6310 2610 1234 2767 4824 4037 7677
Withrow, S. C, Mrs. Wood, Cora Wright, Leonora Wright, Maud, Mrs. Wright, Helen V. Wyan, Mary Estelle Wyly, Rachel Lumpkin, Mrs
Odum Lumpkin Eatonton Roberta Columbia Atlanta LaFayette
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga.
3510 Young, John Calvin, Jr.
LaFayette
.Ga.
8900 Zellmer, Florrie Lena 9517 Zacharias, Hortense
Forsyth.
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
186
PROVISIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
7679 2093 2183 2688 1257 2177 11322 9822 11363 11916
Allen, Imogene Stephanie Allen, Jo Mack Anderson, Jjeanette Anderson, Mary Asbury, Ellen Harrell Askew, J. Thos. Abercrombie, Lavane Abernathy, Mildred Collen Alexander, Nana Anthony, Corisue
136 Baker, Vera Marjorie 1265 Barnhardt, Luther Wesley 7755 Beauchamp, Sarah Frances 2094 Bell, Hattie Lee 1271 Bell, Martha 2095 Bell, Mary Lena 2184 Bennett, Margaret C.
170 Binns, Missouri 4424 Bivings, Minnie Rebecca 2185 Bollinger, Alma Honorine 2096 Bonner, Thelma Vera 5405 Boozer, Allen Hayne 11323 Baldwin, Johnnie 11324 Barton, Anne 11175 Beard, Margia Artelia 11325 Bennett, Maymie Louise 10244 Blitch, Lila Marie 11326 Bogle, Louise 11327 Bonner, Krema 10316 Branch, Sarah W. 11372 Brown, Evelyn Kendrick 10455 Brenner, Claire Helene 11376 Buie, Grace 11328 Burdette, Kitty E. 11454 Bargeron, Marie Nella 11455 Barrow, Neva
Decatur Fort Valley Marietta..-- Chipley Clarksville Atlanta Ashburn... Blakely Nashville Danielville--
Macon Concord Jackson.... Canton Dawson Canton Atlanta... Columbus Atlanta Macon Carrollton Newberry Miami Atlanta LaGrange Tampa..._ Statesboro Forsyth Carrollton Atlanta Valdosta Columbus Nashville Tennille.Savannah Reynolds
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. -Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. N. C.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Fla. Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. -Ga. Ga. Ga.
187
PROVISIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
11456 Baskerville, Nancy Elizabeth 11457 Belcher, Robertine 11458 Bell, Margaret Leonora 11459 Berry, Lucille 11460 Brown, Lulawill 11525 Babb, Beatrice 11917 Brannen, Elizabeth 11918 Braswell, Martha Avarylla 11526 Brown, Mary Annie 11920 Burns, Mary
1281 Bradley, Virginia 2885 Brand, Mena Louise 1283 Brantley, Raymond B. 5960 Brannon, Lena Belle 1285 Brim, Zella Mae 2097 Brooks, Verne Irene 1940 Brown, Sarah
219 Bruce, Lucile Elizabeth 5017 Burdett, Martha 5969 Bush, Rose 2214 Byers, Frances Nell 8283 Bargeron, Grace Ola 8357 Bailey, Flora Frances 8906 Butler, Julia Johnson 8850 Bargeron, Thelma Myrtle 8717 Bacon, Elizabeth C, Mrs. 8994 Backus, Mary Alice
2187 315 8148 11921 11527 11922 11923 11924 8859
Crum, Sarah Elliott Culpepper, Louise Carr, Katherine Capel, Julia Castleberry, Lucile Collins, Mary Taliaferro Crider, Marion Elizabeth Curl, Lottie Moring Clements, Thelma
Macon
Ga.
Starrsville
Ha.
Macon
Ga.
East Point
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Laurens
...S. C.
Milledgeville
Ga.
Uhion City ......Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Sanders ville
Ga.
Swainsboro
Ga.
Lawrenceville.... Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Pelham....
Ga.
Forsyth.
Ga.
Warrenton
Ga.
Brunswick . Ga.
Tennille
Ga.
Athens...
Ga.
Springfield
Ala.
Springfield
Ga.
Athens
.Ga.
Junction City... Ga.
Sardis
......Ga.
Irwinton
......Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Cordele ..... Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Milledgeville
Ga.
Bronwood....
Ga.
Gainesville _ ......Ga.
Eatonton.....
Ga.
Carrollton .-..Ga.
Swainsboro
Ga.
Buena Vista
Ga.
188
PROVISIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
9385 Corley, Lucy Belle 9471 Corbin, Marian Thirza 9985 Combs, Janice Lyttleton 11329 Campbell, Mattie Lou 11208 Cantrell, Floyd Sanford 11210 Carswell, Winburn R. 11378 Carrin, Ruth 11209 Carswell Wm. Jones 11330 Cobb, Nells 11332 Coker, Betty 11459 Corbitt, Duvon Clough 11176 Craft, Sue Elrod 11331 Crawford, Ruby 11461 Callahan, Frances 11463 Carswell, Lucile Clay 11465 Cawthorn, Florence 11466 Copelan, Sarah Celeste 11476 Culpepper, Sarah 4322 Carreker, Homer Gerald 1596 Carson, Alberta Reppard 2186 Caudill, Alma 2098 Chandler, Louise 2099 Chapman, Mary Leigh 1942 Clark, Nancy Lillian 3855 Clement, Louise McCown 2785 Coleman, Jbs. Hunter, Jr. 4326 Cooper, Lillian Elizabeth 1943 Cotton, Ruth 7213 Cox, Jiames F. 2100 Crawford, Helen 1615 Crewe, Dorothy Muriel 2895 Crisler, Gladys Fields 2178 Crockett, Bernard H. 2101 Crosswell, Helen
5732 Davidson, Beulah 326 Davis, Mable
Blakely Savannah Dawsonville Atlanta. Pike Augusta.-- Tifton... Waycross..._ Statesboro Canton Pearson.. Toccoa Lavonia Woodbury Macon Greensboro Greensboro Greenville Atlanta. Savannah Portland Hamilton Ludowici LaGrange Atlanta Mitchell Vienna... Hamilton Canton Toccoa..... Dover Norcross Carrollton Manchester
Fort Valley Columbus
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ..Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Tenn. .....Ga. Ga. ..Ga. Ga. ..Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ....Ga. N. H. ..Ga. ...Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga.
189
PROVISIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
334 1833 3636 3218 2283 2215 2897
340 7218 5736 9425 11468 11389 11333 11177 9526 11334 11925
Deckle, Audrey Edge Demmond, Eleanor Denney, Letty De Ryder, Rachel Pearl Devine, Lois Lillian Dickerson, Ruth Dillard, Barnard Edward Lee Dillard, Jjames Madison Dixon, Sara Lona Durden, Rowie Vinson Daniel, Sallie Fannie Dozier, Dorothy Dekle, Frances Josephine Dekle, Lexie Alice Dunn, Mary Jewell Dozier, Elizabeth Duggan, Martha C. Dunn, Susan Pauline
Cordele Savannah Chattanooga Zephyrhills Atlanta Homerville Dillard....... Liberty..... Richland... Graymont Danielsville Dawson..... Valdosta Cordele Tunnel Hill Deland Granite Hill Fitzgerald
Ga. Ga. Tenn. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga.
11469 11178 11470 4333 2102
378 2103
Early, Addie Beall Elliott, Monita Evans, Harriett Goodman Eakes, Martha Nancy Estes, Kathleen Evans, Josephine Evans, Mary Louise
Macon.....
Ga.
Alto
Ga.
Tifton
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Gay
Ga.
Ashburn
Ga.
Sanders ville
Ga.
8568 11471 11335 10576
2347 10269 11927 2216 2189 1348 4841
Flournoy, Evelyn Farr, Laree Fordham, Dorothy Faulkner, Hallie Mae Fincher, Mary Doyle Fincher, Genie A. Finley, Maria Ann Farrell, Frances Miriam Fay, Nancy Elizabeth Fields, Dozier Nelson Field, Mason Dillard
1E0
Prattville Milledgeville Dublin Fort Myers Atlanta Atlanta. Cartersville. New Orleans Sylvester Brooklyn.. Atlanta..
Ala. .....Ga. ....Ga.
Fla. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. La. Ga. N. Y. Ga.
PROVISIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
4335 412 2104 10606
Floyd, William Fred Frost, Lily Belle Furse, Carolyn Faust, John Thomas, Mrs.
2217 5545 7239
451 4540 1113 11394 11179 11336 3697 11928 4347
Gaines, Kathleen Gertrude Garner, J'ames Thomas, Jr. Gibbs, Helen Grahl, Eloise Green, Frank Marion Gannon, Arthur F., Mrs. Groover, Ida Gable, Mary Allene Gunn, Betty Gray, Sara Lois Godard, Mary Elizabeth Greene, Mary Hemphill
541 2725 2193 3738 1397
554 4729 2505 2194 2195 1541 1944 7572 2191 2797 1375
497 1860 507 1381
Holland, Addie Emeline Holliman, Owen J. Holmes, Katherine Holt, Thelma Eulalie Hooks, Laura Beecher Horton, Helen Howie, Victoria Humphries, Annie Jones Hunt, Ellen Hurst, Bernice Louise Hutson, Roy DeWitt Hale, Grace Irene Haley, Walton Adair Hall, Lessie Mae Hamner, Pearl Lowe Hanahan, Sarah Rhett Harrell, Sara Margaret Harrigan, Mary Bettis Hart, Lena J. Head, Lutie Pope
191
Donalsonville Tybee Island Monticello _ Lexington
Ga. Ga. Ga. .....Ga.
Gainesville Sparta Social Circle Macon Augusta Athens Dixie Antreville Millen Covington Milner..... Abbeville
Ga. ..Ga. -Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. -S. C. ....Ga. ..Ga. Ga. S. C.
Holland Milledgeville Vidalia College Park Forsyth Rome Abbeville Hapeville Barnesville Macon Atlanta Rome Elberton Boston Buena Vista Atlanta Lumpkin Savannah Warrenton Zebulon
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
2105 Henslee, Grace 2106 Herr, Irma 4963 Hewell, Guy C, Mrs. 1856 Hickey, Justin J. 2724 Hill, Jessie 1388 Hill, Susie Pearl 1389 Hinton, Ellen 8366 Humber, Marion 8825 Holbrook, Orr Dewey 9695 Hipp, Kenneth O. 11475 Hutchinson, Carol 11474 Hill, Ella Mae 11093 Havis, Josephine 11473 Harman, Katherine Elizabeth 10782 Howard, Estelle Holland, Mrs 11339 Harris, Inez 11398 Herrin, Katie 10776 Harrison, Callie Maze 10552 Hanna, Claire 11338 Harper, Emily 11337 Hagin, Buena 11182 Hilsman, Lucille 11181 Haley, Mary Cornelia 11180 Hale, Bonnie 11528 Hamm, Theodore 11929 Hammontrees, Gertrude 11529 Haralson, Juanite Pat 11930 Harvey, Julia Maris 11931 Harvey, Lois 11932 Hearn, Rosa Carlton 11530 Herndon, Naomi 11016 Hearn, Samuel Moses
10280 Iddings, Nanie Ray
9395 j]ones, Louise Evans, Mrs. 9439 Jbnes, Joseph W. 9361 Jordan, Esalee
192
Villla Rica
-Ga.
New Orleans
La.
Dewey Rose
Ga.
Rochester .....N. Y.
Cleveland
Ohio...
Gainesville
Ga.
Greenville
Ga.
Dennis
Ga.
Lavonia
Ga.
Ellijay
Ga.
Mt. Vernon .....Ga.
Forsyth
.Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Unadilla
Ga.
Forsyth
Ga.
The Rock
Ga.
Howell
Ga.
Arlington
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Forsyth.....
Ga.
Douglas ville.... Ga.
White Plains
Ga.
Elberton
Ba.
Rome
....Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Tata-.
....Ga.
Blairs ville... ...Ga.
Avera
Ga.
Avera
Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
Hartwell
Ga.
Abbeville
S. C.
Asheville
N. C.
Macon
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Royston
Ga.
PROVISIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
11476 11183 10495 10792 11213 11184 10652 11933 4955 1552
599 600 5178 2107 3759 2108 2638 613 7274 2109 2110
Johnson, Stella Bostwick Johnson, Annie Joe Jackson, Joe Thorn Jones, William Clyde Jordan, DeWitt Hooten Jones, Willard Oliva Johnson, Inez Beatrice Jenkins, Edna Berrin J ackson, Annie Hill Jarrard, Berma Lucille Jervia, Ernestine Jimmerfield, Verda Celesta Johnson, Columbus Angus Johnson, Florine Johnson, Irene Johnson, Mary Frances Jolley, Mary Floride Jones, Birdie R. Jones, Elizabeth Jones, Una Lois Jordan, Mildred
Sylvester Abbeville Columbus Oxford Molena... West Point.... New York. Ashburn Winder... Tate....... Rome.... Rome Douglas Bartow Gainesville Huntingdon Tifton... Royston Thomaston Arlington Barney.....
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .....Ga. Ga. N. Y. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. ..Ga. Ga. Ga. .....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
7650 8400 9218 11477 11478 11479 11340 11341 11342 5873
638 5196 2198 4448
King, Martha Elizabeth Kimbrough, Mattie J. Kelley, Paul B., Mrs. Kelly, Hattie Ruth King, Lydie Rudocil Kroner, Louisa Henri Kent, Margaret Key, Ethel Mae Kimbrough, Eduth Keith, Garnett L. Key, William Patillo Killingsworth, Lucile Kilpatrick, Helen Kinman, Sarah Olive
Atlanta.... Greensboro Lawrenceville Baxley Atlanta Winterville Wrightsville Cairo Greensboro Atlanta.. Durand Fort Gaines Byron... Bartow
.....Ga. Ga.
...Ga. .Ga. .Ga. ..Ga. ..Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
....Ga.
193
PROVISIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
11480 Lewis, Leila Autrey 11185 Lee, Marion Wesley 11345 Layson, Estelle Lynette 11347 Lee, Lavonia 11346 Ledford, Curtis 11344 Lasster, Lillian 11531 Lay, Bernice
1941 Lane, Mary Ethel 7283 Laurent, J. C, Mrs.
668 Leggitt, Wynel 4856 Livingston, Olphin L. 3441 Long, Samuel Asa 2111 Lowe, Christine 3811 Lyle, Douglas
Dawson LaGrange Sparta Cedartown Cairo Rochelle Gainesville Rockmart Clayton Unadilla Nesses Crandall Carrs Station College Park
8322 McCallie, Edith 9569 McCune, William Warner 10560 McGehee, John Howard, 3t. 11481 McElrath, Emma 11482 McGehee, Virginia 11483 McNatt, Mary Helen 8012 McCammon, Elizabeth Louise 11935 McElmurray, Emily Leslie 2546 McCollum, W. Bruce 2227 McConnell, Hilda 2112 McCool, Bernice Elizabeth 3001 McFall, Mildred Lawrence
796 McKay, Mary 2202 Montgomery, Ruby Ernestine 2114 Moore, Vera Mae 7915 Moore, Mairana 7304 Morgan, Irma Christina 1874 Morgan, Julia M. 2179 Mozeley, Daisy Coralee 8326 Mears, Annylu 11412 Mathews, Willie Mae 10421 Meeks, Frank T. 11417 Moore, Kathleen 10084 Miller, Ralph Gordon
184
Atlanta Savannah Talbotton Macon Talbotton Lyons Atlanta Waynesboro Wrens Royston Hoboken Rome Rome Knoxville Logan ville Milledgeville Clyo Savannah Clayton Augusta McClenny Anderson Blackshear Clermont
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Miss. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. .....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Tenn. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga. Fla. S. C. Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
10085 10291 10293 10196 2199 2200 2219 5785 1945 2529
725 2113 4969 2873 5679 2201 4861
Mobberly, Mary Mann, Mary Lynder Motes, Mabel Murphy, Myrtle Maddox, Mary Elizabeth Malone, Elizabeth Margaret Martin, Carolyn Martin, Freida Mae Martin, Tommie Carolyn Mattox, Alice Maxwell, Calire Taylor May, Sarah Mercer Metts, Forrest Eugene Metzger, George Snooks Miller, Josephine Alice Miller, Mary Miller, Simon Peter
Shuqualak
Miss.
Newnan__
Ga.
Leah
Ga.
Louisville--
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Jonesboro..._
Ark.
Ozark
Ala.
Carlton
Ga.
LaGrange
Ga.
Elberton
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Sandersville
Ga.
Little Mountain S. C.
Clyo
Ga.
Marietta
Ohio.
Brunswick...
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
2115 Nix, Elizabeth 8573 Nachman, Edith
Fairmount _ ..Ga.
Augusta..._
....Ga.
7061 Owen, Helen Willis 827 Owens, Joseph Heyward 10295 Orman, Thomas Elwood 10000 Outler, Frances Isabelle
Waverly Hall Aiken Danville. Decatur._.
....Ga. S. C.
Ky. Ga.
8671 9444 10517 11348 11349 11186 11484 11485 11936 11532 11937 835
Potter, Helene Idessa Pentecost, Mary Margaret Pugh, Goldie Marie Perkins, Maude Leila Ponder, S. Ernestine Phillips, Lillian Pharr, VoHammie Pierce, Zula Parker, Margaret Elizabeth Parkinson, lone Powell, Annie Solomon Parham, Charles Verne
Atlanta Lawrenceville Weston ThomastoD..... Rutledge Chipley Washington Atlanta Fairburn Mosinee Swainsboro Nashville...-
Ga. Ga. Ohio... Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Wis. Ga. Ga.
195
PROVISIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
1453 5611 1946 2116
873 5616
886 2206
Parker, Elizabeth Pickett, Louise Pinkerton, Mildred Poole, Mary Elma Pope, Edna Lucile Pound, Merritt Bloodworth Powell. Polly Agnes Prentiss, Quintette
7325 Rae, Ruth 909 Ramey, Elizabeth 2117 Rhodes, Anna Louise 4604 Richardson, Cora Leonora 3201 Ridgeway, Goerge Horace 1467 Ritchey, Grace Marie 1468 Robinson, Ruby D. 2118 Robuck, Mildred 5936 Robbins, Jesse Manly 7833 Roll, Roy H. 7828 Rich, Flora Eugenia 11351 Reynolds, Wylene 11352 Roberts, Mary Frances 11353 Robinson, Ruth 11350 Reynolds, Isabel 2399 Reynolds, Pauline 11354 Rushin, Lucy 9579 Rumble, Urban 11486 Ray, Mary Rebecca 11487 Riley, Annie Lawrence 11420 Roberson, Eppie
5940 2121 1480
966 7080 5697 2577
Spitler, Boyd Alexander Stakemiller, Ellen Margaret Stearns, Catherine Steed, Etta Stephenson, Patrick Henry Stevens, Elizabeth Story, Anita
196
College Park.-- Ty Ty... Eatonton Americus Columbia Gray Sebree Fitzgerald..
Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Miss. -Ga. Ky. Ga.
Augusta..... Rome Forsyth. Hawkins ville.. Royston Shelby Lebanon Cordele Asheboro... Richland Waycross..._ Maysfield Douglas.Union Point Forsyth Albany Macon Forsyth.... Royston..._ Macon Nahunta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ohio. Ind. ...Ga. N. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Spring Creek Miami. Evergreen Senoia Royston. Carlton Waynesboro
Va. Fla. Ala. Ga. Ga. .....Ga. Ga.
PROVISIONAL CLLLEGE CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
1483 Stovall, Grace Catherine 2180 Snoots, Irene Hooper 7101 Swain, Lucile 8341 Sumerford, Juanita 8886 Stepens, Loui Dean 8984 Strickland, Annie Mae 9372 Smith, Maude 9511 Stubbs, Laurie B. 2403 Sanders, Leslie Calvin 1885 Schein, Elsie ' 2209 Sharp, Colleen 2119 Sikes, Naomi Ruth 3328 Simpson, Christine 2120 Sims, Ruth Elaine 5808 Smith, Gladys 5904 Smith, Harry Vaughn 11491 Stubbs, Mary Louise 11488 Shiver, Cornelia 11489 Stanford, Edith Janet 11188 Simmons, Matilda Mary 11356 Smiley, Sara Martha 9863 Strayhorn, Elizabeth Cherry 10106 Saheffer, Glenn N. 11355 Self, Lula Belle 11187 Spruell, Miriam Lee 11357 Smith, Bernice 10440 Stuart, Ethel 11938 Stembridge, Thelma 11939 Stubbs, Frances 11049 Scarborough, Ruth
Gainesville.... Painesville Reeves Vienna.Woodstock. Stilson Valdosta Lawrenceville Kelton Beaufort.. Waleska Salemburg Smith ville... Lincolnton Gainesville Fairburn Macon Americus Savannah Waleska Claxton Nashville Balaton... Tifton Decatur Greenville Fairmuont Milledgeville Savannah Finleyson
..Ga. Ohio. ..Ga.
Ga. Ga. ...Ga. ..Ga. ...Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. N. C. Ga. Ga. ....Ga. Ga. Ga. ....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Tenn. Minn. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .....Ga. Ga.
11216 11492 1149(3 8220 11941 1057
Thomas, J. Harry Tanner, Ruby Turner, Bertha Florine Tucker, Henry Quigg Tyler, Lavinia Branch Tabor, Ella
Flovilla Wrens McDonough Rome..... Augusta , Macon.....
Ga. ...Ga.
Ga. .Ga. Ga. Ga.
197
PROVISIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
1062 1065 4398 1564 1080 2211 3209 1888 2755 1103 2757 5530
Tarpley, Hubert M. Tate, Elizabeth A. Taylor, Ruth Thomas, Mary Thompson, Mabel Armstrong Thwaite, Elizabeth Godwin Tignor, Helen Marion Tillman, Eliza E. Tucker, Genevieve Turner, Elizabeth Turner, Jime Chandler Turner, Margaret
9796 Vance, Eulalee Cheek 2212 Van Valkenburg, Mary
8627 9420 10131 11434 11360 11361 11358 11359 11942 11943 11944 2122 2123 5702 2124 4816 7115 8032 4019 2602 1181 1504
White, Susie Wood, Myrle Wood, Frances A., Mrs. Weatherbee, Mary Clarice Willia, Mary Alethia Wright, Mary Evelyn Weston, Dorothy White, Etta Mae Walden, Alia Hardwick Williams, Mamie Ruth Willson, Gertrude Walraven, Annie Mae Walraven, Flora Irene Waters, Lucy Jane Webster, Willene Weems, Sarah Parks Wells, Harvey A. Whitaker, Rosemary Stevens White, Frances White, Laura Evelyn Whitehead, Martha Anne Whitfield, Frances Willingham
198
Hampton Atlanta Fort Valley.Atlanta Rome Macon Greenville Quitman Williamston Columbus.... Elberton Pelham
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. ...Ga.
Buford Lizella
..Ga. Ga.
Hartwell.
Ga.
Haralson
Ga.
Brunswick .....Ga.
Statesboro
..Ga.
Molena
Ga.
Macon
...Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Pearson...
Ga.
Albany
.....Ga.
Sylvester.....'..
Ga.
Lyons
Ga.
LaFayette
Ga.
LaFayette.
Ga.
Rome...
Ga.
Woodlawn
Ga.
Athens.
..Ga.
Richland...
Ga.
Elberton
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Buford
...Ga.
Carlton
Ga.
Hawkins ville._ Ga.
PROVISIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
4818 2220 2181 2956 7120 2182 5915 2213 11060 7536
Whipple, Alice Wilkinson, Catherine Wilson, Ruth Wilkerson, Mary Elizabeth Williams, Evelyn Williams Woodham, Carrie Frances Woodward, Grace Wynell Wootten, Frances Weir, Martha Elizabeth Walters Vivian A.
11945 11946 1245 4825
Youmans, Mina Janette Youmans, Sarah Jewell Young, Henrietta Eve Yow, C. R., Mrs.
Cordele. Dawson Washington. Rome Monticello.. Hartford.-- Vienna.-- Gray Glenn ville.... Blakely
Ga. Ga. D. C. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. Ga. ..Ga.
Stillmore
Ga.
Lexsy.
Ga.
Cedartown.
Ga.
College Park..._ Ga.
193
PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY CERTIFICATES
Application Number
2441 Andrews, Minnie Alice 4983 Armstrong, Irene 7164 Ashley, Gould Esther
Knoxville
Ga.
Cataula
Ga.
New Holland Ga.
1587 Bridges, Reba
Savannah
Ga.
212 Brown,Gussie Brooks Mullis,Mrs. Colquitt
Ga.
215 Brown, Martha Elizabeth
Tennille
Ga.
3567 Brown, Ruth Kimsey
Jonesboro
Ga.
230 Bullard, E. B., Mrs.
Machen
Ga.
3571 Burney, Mina
Rome
Ga.
2621 Burnside, Katrina
Thomson
Ga.
4993 Bass, Beulah McArthur, Mrs. Albany
Ga.
3539 Beers, Clarence H., Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
8428 Bragg, Maude Estelle
Donalsonville Ga.
8382 Blount, Nannie R., Mrs.
Albany
Ga.
2697 Breedlove, Evelin S.
Fort McPhereon .. Ga.
10019 Bowden, Nina Belle
Ellenwood
Ga.
10249 Burton, Dor.a, Mrs.
Graymont
Ga.
10391 Barton, Nettie Clare
Macon
Ga.
10021 Brown, Pauline
Dewey Rose
Ga.
3236 Biles, Lois
Jackson
Ga.
1275 Blackstock, Freddie Ruth
Jefferson
Ga.
Hendricks
1584 Bourne, Julia
Savannah
Ga.
195 Bradley, Lillie Belle
Cochran
Ga.
3561 Brake, Chas., Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
3562 Branch, Leila Mary
Atlanta
Ga.
4946 Bowoin, Pauline Collins
Statham
Ga.
5552 1595 4425 6220 1601 5040 293 2846 5426
Camp, Susie Mary Carr, Lucile Chandler, Emily Chappie, Georgia Cheves, Mattie Nelson Cobb, Lollie Colbert, J. F. Coleman, Pansie, Mrs. Cruce, Hazel, E.
Rome Savannah Comer Culverton Savannah Statesboro .. Richland Adams Dalton
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. . . Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
200
PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY CERTIFICATES
Application Number
1312 3609 3617 5730 4327 2466 10467 8588
Coleman, Sarah Agnes Collins, Julia Corley, Pauline Crawford, Ben G., Mrs. Crawley, L. Mahone, Mrs. Cripps, Alice K, Mrs. Cone, Rachel Louise Cook, D. E., Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Elberton
Ga.
Brookhaven
Ga.
Albany
Ga.
Barwick
Ga.
Donalsonville Ga.
1622 Davis, Ida Barn well
Savannah
Ga.
5063 Dimon, Lucile
Newborn
Ga.
2980 Dillard, Martha Bridges, Mrs. Cusseta
Ga.
5070 DuBose, Catherine E.
Ludowici
Ga.
7221 Duncan, Mae Willie
College Park
Ga.
8108 Dawson, J. W., Mrs.
Cuthbert
Ga.
10039 Dye, Irene
Augusta
Ga.
10150 Dale, Leona H. H., Mrs.
McDonough
Ga.
9598 Ernest, Vera H., Mrs. 4923 Edwards, Lois Rhudy 1634 Edwards, Reba
367 Ellis, Mary Louise
Atlanta
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Experiment
Ga.
1842 4438 5087 7787 4957 1840 3669 3112
Funk, Arthur Joseph Fincher, Thelma Farris, Mittye Fields, Carrie Sue Floyd, Mattie Henderson Flynn, Sarah, A. I., Mrs. Foote, Inez Hambrick, Mrs. Frost, Leola Wallace, Mrs.
Savannah
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
McDonough
Ga.
McDonough. . . . Ga.
East Point
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Kirkwood
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
7248 5124 8387 7704
430 7705
Grice, Loyce DeWitt Gurley, Grace Garrison, Ruby Stevens Gay, Mary Edna, Mrs. Gibbs, Leila Bacon, Mrs. Godard, Lizzie Alice, Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
Ila
Ga.
Roswell
Ga.
Fort Gaines
Ga.
Davisboro
Ga.
Milner
Ga.
201
PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY CERTIFICATES
Application Number
7245 Gordon, Claudia .Pearl 4713 Graham, Mary E. King, Mrs.
561 3422 5149 8245
553 9258 9311 8440 7796 1855 5580
485 4343 5133 496 3716 5138 1671 5584 1854 3728 2986 5869 7017 2499 3118 7805 1678 1858
551 9767
Howell, Jewel Adeline Hunt, Miriam Hilhouse, Chas. H., Mrs. Henderson, I. L., Mrs. Hornsby, Elthia Hennen, Sadie, Mrs. Holt, Mary Lewis Hayes, Jewel Hall, J. M,, Mrs. Hancock, Hazel Mae Hand, J. S., Mrs. Harden, Pearl Elmore, Mrs. Hargrove, Annie Lenore Hargrove, Elizabeth Harper, Nelle Frances Harrison, Katherine Carlton Hart, Beulah Harty, Marcella Hasty, Nola Hayes, Mary Merrell Heptinstall, Lillian May Hicks, Ruth Hill, Winnie Vano Hodges, H. M. Hogan, Evelyn Lee, Mrs. Hogan, Leila Mae Holley, Annie Schmidt, Mrs. Holloway, Elizabeth T. Holt, Sallie Garrett Home, Leonora Elizabeth Hawthorne, Lucile Justine
3747 Ivey, Custis, Mrs. 585 Ivey, Eva Irene
202
Round Oak
Ga.
Sardis
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Adairsville
Ga.
LaFayette
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Donalsonville Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Eastanollee
Ga.
Warwick
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Warwick
Ga.
Oglethorpe
Ga.
Chauncey
Ga.
Crawford
Ga.
Washington
Ga.
Hartford
Conn.
Vidalia
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Chickamauga Ga.
Kershaw
S. C.
Atlanta
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
Clayton
Ga.
Ludowici
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Augusta
Ga..
Augusta
Ga.
Thunderbolt
Ga.
McLeansville. . . N. C.
Cochran
Ga.
Gordon
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Cuthbert
Ga.
PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY CERTIFICATES
Application Number
603 Johnson, Lill
Hartwell
Ga.
3751 Jackson, Essie
Maysville
Ga.
3750 Jacobi, Lottie D.
Atlanta
Ga.
3752 Jameson, Thelma Cornelia
Columbus
Ga.
611 Joiner, Mallie, Mrs.
Sparks
Ga.
4163 Jones, Irene E. Johnson
Atlanta
Ga.
9440 Jones, Leona
Moultrie
Ga.
10551 Jones, Mary Georgia
Augusta
Ga.
1864 1695 2995 5199 5185 7280 3787 5786 8872
Kelly, Ethel Black King, Mary Elizabeth Kingsley, Lena Kinnard, Almeda Knight, Thurman Julius, Mrs. Koger, Mamie B. Kuss, Mattie I. Kyser, H. Malcom, Mrs. King, Johnie Louise
Savannah Jacksonville Albany Newnan Social Circle Grovetown Atlanta Hamlet Round Oak
Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. N. C. Ga.
3808 7910 9402
653 6482 1646 3192 5593 4743
Lovette, Winefrede Mary Lumpkin, Emmie Virginia Lindsey, Alma Lucile Land, Emma Frances Lawhorne, Laura Irene Lawson, Fraser Rae Lee, Lola B. Lewis, Martha Virginia Lewis, Mary Henry
Atlanta
Ga.
Montezuma.... Ga.
Gordon
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Warwick
Ga.
Sparta
Ga.
Millen
Ga.
3859 McDaniel, Faith
Atlanta
Ga.
1427 McGouirk, Sallie Kate
Carrollton
Ga.
2740 McKenzie, Dora
Augusta
Ga.
3848 Munford, Emogene
Cartersville
Ga.
8161 Mealing, Julia L.
Augusta
Ga.
8534 Moore, Mary A.
Atlanta
Ga.
10081 Menger, Lillian Van de Veer
Augusta
Ga.
1726 Middlebrook, Adelle
Covington
Ga.
5243 Milner, Beatrice
Cartersville
Ga.
203
PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY CERTIFICATES
Application Number
1729 Minor, Marie Elizabeth 5485 Minter, Ruth 3459 Mitchell, Edna 4756 Mitchell, Ester S., Mrs. 3460 Mixon, Susie 5791 Moore, E. T.
756 Moore, Mary 3842 Morris, Avaleen 3843 Morris, Mary Lucile 4760 Mott, Ida 6486 Majors M. D., Mrs.
483 Mallory, G. W., Mrs. 1714 Malone, Mary 7476 Mattison, Ida M., Mrs.
Milledgeville Monette Fayetteville Macon Bartow Andersonville East Lake Atlanta Atlanta East Point Sylvester Tifton Bartow Augusta
Ga. S. C.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Tenn. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
812 Nelson, Annie Virginia 5259 Nesmith, Irma 7974 Norvell, Mary Hatton
Lenox
Ga.
Pelham
Ga.
Grovetown
Ga.
823 O'Neal, Maggie Gray 4374 Owen, C. B., Mrs. 8163 Oliver, Atticus, Mrs.
Woodland
Ga.
Forsyth
Ga.
Commerce
Ga.
2395 4379 1751
866 7072 1458 5275
883 7076 7496
Peete, Anne, Cola Peterson, Mary B. Pindar, Frances C, Mrs. Pinkston, Gladys Poole, Louise Sara Pope, Wynne Porter, Lane Powell, Missouri Price, Elizabeth Parks, Willie Miller
Atlanta
Ga.
Vidalia
Ga.
Beaufort
S. C.
Parrott
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Wildwood
Ga.
Pendergrass...... Ga.
Wrights ville
Ga.
Jesup
Ca.
Augusta
Ga.
5498 Ragan, Eudora 7836 Rutherford, Bessie Lee 7837 Rutherford, Mary Alma 1762 Ryle, Kathleen Gilfeather, Mrs. 4923 Russell, Lois R. Edwards
Pitts Gillisonville Gillisonville Savannah Dalton
Ga. S. C. S. C.
Ga. Ga.
204
PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY CERTIFICATES
Application Number
10208 5499 2947 1755 3923 6429 7830 6499 5802
Robertson, Gwen Ragan, Grace Ray, Murt Register, Clarisse Kenner Retsch, Annie A. Roach, J. R., Mrs. Roark, Eula Roberts, Thelma Artha Rogers, Anna Blanche
Atlanta
Ga.
Pitts
Ga.
East Point
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Donalsonville Ga.
Maysville
Ga.
9670 4802 970 5903 1043 1044 3963 1049 3966 3971 5303 7930 3149
Stevens, Leda Scott Stell, Mamie Lou Stephenson, Minnie, Mrs. Slade, Kate Elizabeth Smith, Gladys Marie Smith, Janie Smith, Lucia Win field Smith, Otis F. Snow, White Marene, Mrs. Standard, Elizabeth Shaw, Elsie Elizabeth Shelor, Ellen Simmons, Agatha
Baldwin
Ga.
Fayetteville
Ga.
Monticello
Ga.
Sandersville
Ga.
Bartow
Ga.
Screven
Ga.
Screven
Ga.
Cornelia -.... .Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Washington
Ga.
Villa Rica
Ga.
Dublin
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
5340 5341 5343 1105 1058 1063 1074 1789 1078 5635 8346 9482 10121 9795
Tucker, Lilly Tucker, Lucy Turner, Gladys Klein Turner, Lucye Wingfield Talton, Laura Tarpley, Kathleen Thiele, Pearl Austin, Mrs. Thistlewood, Mary Edith Thompson, Sallie Frank Timmons, Cordelia Todd, Berta Mae Taylor, Stewart Thornton, Blanche G. Turner, Bessie
205
Gainesville
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Coolidge
Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
Kathleen. ...:... .Ga.
Fairburn
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Hawkinsville
Ga.
Waleska
Ga.
Nostasulga
Ala.
Pelham
Ga.
Forsyth
Ga.
Dawson
Ga.
PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY CERTIFICATES
Application Number
1151 8804 9149 1796 1890 10224 10596 4032 1812 1231 2962 4017 1806 1568 4030
Watkins, Jessie Webb, Mrs. Warner, Joan Virginia Wade, Jessie Wakefield, Helen Lyon Wall, Frances Geiger Wells, Lillian Wayne, Gertrude Mae Wootten, Frances Clementine Wren, Lillian Swindell Wright, Wilma Wynn, Ruby Belle Wheeler, Alice Wilburn, Arbel Williams, Florence Woodburn, Chrystine
Adrian Columbus Dixie Savannah Savannah Buena Vista Gainesville Atlanta Savannah Leesburg Statesboro Atlanta Savannah Hot Springs Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Aik. Ga.
7863 Yates, Gwendoline Martha
Augusta
Ga.
10067 Young, Zadie
Phoenix
Ala.
10227 Young, Blanche Lucretia
Moultrie
Ga.
206
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
3515 103
3517 2775
104
Acree, Pearl Adams, Paulette Adamson, Emma M., Mrs. Akin, Eunice Akin, Lila Mai
3519 Alford, Katheryne E. Ill Allgood, Lillie Belle
5392 Almand, Josie Frances 3234 Almand, Ruth Anderson, Mrs. 3521 Almon, Arnie Lois 2840 Alverson, Jno. T. 3525 Anderson, Lucile Mary 3526 Andrews, Mary Blount
116 Arnold, Alice Greene, Mrs. 3527 Arnold, Lucile 4984 Arnold, Ruth 5395 Arnow, Madena 3530 Aston, Martha Sherwood 5950 Atkinson, Ruby G., Mrs. 1575 Avery, Tera
129 Ayers, Undine 8073 Agnew, Lucille 8679 Allen, Jessie Van 10985 Allen, Sarah Terrell 10442 Anderson, Mary Whitley 8279 Arnold, Willeta 8354 Andrishock, Mildred Rose 8518 Athon, Annie C, Mrs. 8379 Arnold, Mary Alice 8545 Arnold, Esther Perry 10895 Archer, Bessie Lou (Mrs. J. C.)
Atlanta
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Hazlehurst
Ga.
Thompson
Station
Tenn.
Gloster
.....Ga.
Oxford.
Ga.
Comer..
Ga.
Monroe
....Ga.
Gay
Ga.
Chattanooga Tenn.
Atlanta
Ga.
Clinton
Ga.
Atlanta
....Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Wadley
Ga.
St. Marys
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Madison....
..Ga.
Savannah...
Ga.
Carnesville..
Ga.
Gastonia
N. C.
Milledgeville.-- Ga.
Flovilla
..Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Columbus....
Ga.
Thomas ville
Ga.
Machen
..Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
LaGrange
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
2700 Brewton, Bertha Lee
Americus
Ga.
4664 Brisendine, Ethel Still, Mrs.
Conyers...
Ga.
1287 Brock, Annis Lorraine
Tallapoosa
.Ga.
3100 Brown, Christine Davidson
Sharon
Ga.
207
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
1521 214 3165 3569 4507 1522 3239 5722 1297 2457 1593 3576 3366 7867 7950 8100 1819 9847 10015 10248 10238 10450 10540 10242 10313 10141 10315 10395 10569 10586 10710 10737 8359 8225 8414 8494 8634
Brown, Jimmie Allie Brown, Kathryn Elizabeth Brown, Ruth Lovelace Bryan, Julia G. Bulloch, Pearl Burgess, Amy Potts, Mrs. Burgess, Jennie Burnett, Rubie Mae Burns, A. D., Mrs. Burton, Vivian E. Bynum, Bera Byrd, Frances Ellen Byrd, Myrtle Elizabeth Beasley, Elise Thorpe Baggs Beck, Janie Louise Berry, John Fairey, Mrs. Babcock, Perry E. Bussey, Elizabeth Barber, Grace Adams, Mrs. Brown, Jessie Lee Barr, Milton, Mrs. Bell, Janet Bell, Lillian Bell, Pauline Bellah, Lone Star Bostwick, Lena Mobley Bostwick, Thelma K Brooks, Marion Brown, Ava Epps, Mrs. Butler, Gussie Burroughs, Gladys Brown, Lillie K. Belk, Pauline Bennett, Annie D. Brooks, John Mell, Mrs. Barrett, Paul Theodore Biles, Inez, Cooley, Mrs.
2C8
Nashville Claxton Sharon Smithville.... Nashville Atlanta.... Manning Bremen Glenn ville Hillsboro Blakely Atlanta Milltown Tampa Atlanta Smooks Savannah Ridge Springs Bolton Commerce Cornelia Millen Griffin. Shreveport Stockbridge Jacksonville Wadley College Park Atlanta... Camilla Ila Union City Buena Vista Atlanta Tighall Cornelia Sycamore
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. .Ga. S. C. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. La. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
8853 8715 9383 9727 9798 3547 2777 3163
176 177 3557 7391 3552 3558 5841 179 3555 1824 192 1586 3563 3565 2452 130 4649 4488 2312 5645 4989 7681 3533 5952 1577 2616 7171 7172
Bragg, Hattie Rodman
Fitzgerald
Burson, Florence P., Mrs.
Camilla
Brown, Thos. Elmore
Tallapoosa
Banner, Therese
Columbus
Baughan, Zelma Mae
Moultrie
Berryman, Mary Becknell, Mrs. Atlanta
Best, Ruby Gresham
Augusta.
Bingham, Fannie Lou Jackson,
Mrs.
Hartwell
Blalock, Nellie Lorene
Remerton
Bloodworth, Irene
Covington
Blount, Betty
Atlanta
Blumke, W. H., Mrs.
Augusta
Boggus, Ernestine
Atlanta
Boggus, jWell Virginia
Atlanta
Bohanan, Mildred
Lithonia
Boney, Ollie
Fitzgerald
Boswell, Alma Curtis, Mrs.
Atlanta. _
Boyd, Gretchen
Cookeville
Bozeman, Bonnie
Woodstock
Brake, Chas., Mrs.
Atlanta
Braselton, Manrie Louise
Pendergrass
Breeden, Louise Hardeman, Mrs. Atlanta
Brewer, Grace Hamby, Mrs.
Clayton
Bacheller, R. E., Mrs.
Atlanta
Baird, Irene Lulie
Grovania
Baisden, Mary Rivers, Mrs.
Atlanta
Baker, Elizabeth
Atlanta
Ballard, Ethel A.
Atlanta
Bancroft, Matilda E.
Athens
Bannester, Lucile Inez
Augusta
Barker, Frank J., Mrs.
Atlanta
Barfield, Jjanet
Vienna
Barnes, Alice Kenley
Savannah
Barnes, Genie Claire
Milledgeville
Barnett, Cheslet Thomas
Farmington
Barnett, Esther
Atlanta
209
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Tenn. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
7173 Bamwell, Martha 449*2 Barron, Gladys Speir, Mrs.
146 Barron, Una French 3535 Bartholomew, Laura 3092 Baugh, Ellie Mary 1575 Beale, Ellanore 3537 Beckham, R. Y., Mrs. 3538 Becknell, Anna Francena 3540 Belin, Ruby 2691 Bell, Jessie Merle 4656 Bennett, Alma 3541 Bennett, Donnie Mullinaux
166 Benson, Esther Lillie 2446 Benson, Gladys Katherine
1826 Cabaniss, Mary H. 1827 Cain, May Wood, Mrs. 241 Caldwell, Bessie Myrtle 244 Cameron, Carey M., Mrs. 247 Camp, Pauline 3242 Carithers, Willie Leona 7772 Carmichael, Margaret
254 Carpenter, Ruth Maxwell 2135 Carreker, Glenn B., Mrs. 1829 Carswell, Carmen C. 7205 Cason, Effie 5653 Chambers, J> Edmond, Mrs. 3589 Chambless, Olice N. 3592 Chapman, Julia Erwin
267 Chapman, Vera Rachael 5032 Chason, Ola 4287 Chatfield, Julia 3593 Chatham, Eleanor Kathleen 1830 Chauret, Ed. JA 3594 Cheely, Georgia 3595 Cheely, Mary 5036 Cheney, Martha Louise 7208 Chick, C. D.
210
Gainesville Bradley Thomaston Michigan City Eatonton Savannah Atlanta Atlanta Pelham Shellman. Buckhead Atlanta Buena Vista Bowman
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ind. Ga. -Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Savannah Savannah College Park Lithonia Villa Rica Comer Moreland Newnan Jackson Savannah Atlanta Abbeville Luthersville Atlanta Lithonia Ochlochnee Culloden. Atlanta Savannah Atlanta Atlanta Lumber City.. Lewisburg
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. -Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ky.
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
3371 4288 7209
313 314 5053 5425 1603 3624 5922 7768 7769 7773 7775 ^295 8433 8585 8640 8644 8947 8950 9075 9278 9387 9593 9681 9684 9825 10999 8037 9939 9871 9851 10251 10460 10325 10463
Chitty, Cornelia Sanders Christian, Mary Clein, Sarah Belle Crook, Catherine Dennis Cross, Florence Crouch, Marjorie Crowder, Clara Clark, Mrs. Cubbedge, Grace Clare Cunningham, Agnes Curtis, Maud, Mrs. Caldwell, Esther Boatwright Campbell, Lula Carswell, Fannie Mae Cauthen, J. C, Mrs. Cochran, Ruth Chiles, Louise Carroll, Ruth Thomas Chalmers, Thelma Mullin Coley, Thelma Brock Callaway, Annie Edna Carroll, Julia Sewell, Mrs. Clark, Merle Crawford, Mary Aurelia Cole, Argie Cantrell, Susie Anderson, Mrs. Callaway, Mary Elizabeth Clary, May Gladys Carter, Maude Cattle, Lucille E. Clapo, Helen Chatfield, Mattie Comfort, Katherine Cronic, Mayrell Elizabeth Calhoun, Nina Mary Carson, Lillie Chapman, Annie Louise Cochran, Ruth Maidee
211
Ehrhardt Elberton.. Atlanta Senoia Albany..... Ocilla Newnan Savannah Atlanta Calhoun Augusta Augusta Augusta..... Milner Dublin Strasburg Atlanta Columbus Atlanta Farmington Decatur LaGrange Oxford. Parrot Cedartown Rocky Face Harlem Hartwell Ty Ty Atlanta... Yatesville Marietta Gainesville Cordele Commerce Lithonia Flint
S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
- Ga. ..Ga. Ga. Ga. _Va. Ga. ..Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. ....Ga.
, Ga. Ga Ga. Ga. Ga.
..Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
10468 Cook, Maggie Lou 10149 Cook, Frank, Mrs. 10743 Carter, Lucile 8039 Clay, Alamo
287 Cleveland, Mary 3601 Cloud, Louisa
289 Coates, Beulah Harrison, Mrs. 4680 Cobb, Martha Lamar Bivens 3603 Cockrell, Ethel 3604 Cockrell, Marie Belle 3605 Cockrell, Ruth 4681 Coffee, Irene Payne, Mrs.
292 Colbert, J. F., Mrs. 7778 Cole, Ola Belle
298 Collins, Helen Marion 3611 Collum, Edna Elizabeth 3616 Cook, Grace Louise
303 Cooper, Fleeta Grace 3620 Cowart, Lerah 3621 Coyne, Martha B.
Boston Parrott Hartwell Marietta Culloden Austell Atlanta Americus Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Carnesville..Hamilton Parrott Cochran Dalton Atlanta Logan ville Summit..... Atlanta...
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. ...Ga. ...Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
8235 8478 8522 8727 9290 9330 9764 9763 9852 10032 10327 10402 10034 10259 10400 10263
Dickson, Annie Mae Dye, Julia Dockins, Irene Durden, Minnie Moore, Mrs. Dean, Maude G., Mrs. Davis, Willie Lee Dukes, Willie Duke, Ruby Dickinson, Bernice Dampier, Marion Thelma Davenport, Lenora Irene David, Roy C, Mrs. Davis, Sarah L. Daniel, R. Lamar, Mrs. Daniles, Gladys Dickson, William Loy
West Point Lincolnton Rabun Gap Atlanta Blackshear... Irwinton Pavo _ Bowman Monroe Valdosta.. Atlanta Danielsville Flint Miami Baconton... Morrow.....
....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga.
212
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
10759 Downs, Charles Emory, Mrs. 10264 Dillard, Ann L. 10266 Dunaway, Elberta Iverson, Mrs. 10760 Dukes, Lucille
3625 Dallas, Mary Earle 5056 Daniels, Ruth 7564 Darden, Forde 5427 Davenport, Vera 5428 Davies, Claramae 3380 Davis, Allie Belle Johnson 4693 Davis, Anna
327 Davis, Marie 328 Davis, Melrose 5062 Deariso, Elizabeth Jane 1628 DeWitt, Ada Roberts 3645 Dickey, Lucy Lynn 1629 Dixon, Wellington Gordon 3640 Dobbs, Irma L. 5733 Downing, Jillie Brantley 3646 Downing, Lillian 5568 Dozier, Mary Mandeville 3647 Drew, J. O., Mrs. 5735 Dunbar, Sara Ellen 915 DuPree, Virginia Reid, Mrs.
Monroe Winder Athens Bartow Thomaston Baconton Hogansville Norcross Vienna.. Lavonia Macon Rome Stilson Sylvester Savannah Piedmont Savannah Marietta Savannah Atlanta LaGrange Atlanta Byron Madison
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .....Ga. -Gz. Ala. ..Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
3654 Eaton, Fannie Louise
MattheM-s
Ga.
3655 Edwards, Thelma Laura
Forest Park... Ga.
7223 Ellington, Eugenia Elizabeth
Augusta
Ga.
363 Ellington, Sara Best
Rome
.Ga.
3388 Elliott, Mary Elizabeth
McDonough
Ga.
366 Ellis, Lurlyne
Hazlehurst
Ga.
3656 Ellis, Maria Lila
Atlanta
Ga.
7630 English, Pierce, Mrs.
Warrenton
Ga.
5083 Entrekin, Ida Belle
Bremen
Ga.
9828 Ellis, Myrtice Mathews, Mrs. Calhoun
Ga.
10155 Ellis, Mary Hall
Atlanta
Ga.
10575 Edwards, Clara Belle
Griffin
Ga.
213
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
7885 7889 8523 8547 9350 9497 9558 2009
386 387 1839 3658 389 3659 3661 3662 399 400 5996 4537 3670 404 3673 3675 3676 408 5863 3680
Flanders, Erna Fuller, Lou Ella Faust, Virginia Frances Few, Louise Henrietta Forrester, Jpsephine Fort, Mae Darby, Mrs. Fuller, Dessa Fagan, Annie Ethel Farrar, Virginia Louise Faulkner, Bennie Doyce, Mrs. Fawcett, Mary Salter Feagan, Myrtle Dodd Felts, Lula Belle Fields, Allene Gill Fields, Lucy Fisher, Raymond, Mrs. Fleming, Maude Flemister, Lucile Dillon Floyd, Mary Loftis Foreman, J. Jl, Mrs. Forseman, Maryon Elizabeth Foster, J. G., Mrs. Foster, Margaret Waddell Fountain, Mae Freeman, Anne Freeman, Berta Anderson, Mrs. Frost, Leola Wallace, Mrs. Fuller, Frances Martin, Mrs.
Waycross
Ga.
Grantville a. Ga.
Ozark
.....Ala.
Madison .. -Ga.
Leesburg i. Ga.
Sanford
......Fla.
Fitzgerald
Ga.
Atlanta ..
Ga.
Dawson
......Ga.
Athens,
...Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta....
Ga.
Musella...
Ga.
Marietta
Ga.
Marietta
Ga.
Atlanta
. Ga.
Goggansville .... ...Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Chipley
Ga.
Pavo
Ga.
Electric Mills......Miss.
Atlanta
Ga.
Roswell
Ga.
Atlanta.
. ..Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Daniels ville
Ga.
Atlanta
...Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
8238 8303 8869 9085 9988 9950 10267 10410 10335
George, Emily Frances Griffin, Helen Evans Gaines, Sarah Elizabeth Gunnels, Annie Mae Grier, Beulah Griffith, Iris Gaston, Doris Graham, Addie Mae Groover, Nettie L.
214
Madison Waycross Bainbridge Elberton Clermont Buchanan Greenville Winder Alpharetta
. Ga. Ga. Ha. Ga. Ga.
...Ga. Ga. -Ga. Ga.
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
11671 Gable, Viola J.
Brooks
Ga.
3701 Greer, Marie
Atlanta
Ga.
2983 Gresham, Mary
Bostwick - Ga.
3704 Grice, Mabel Hunter
Atlanta.
Ga.
463 Groover, Marion Irvine
Dixie
Ga.
4846 Gunby, Myrtis
Stonewall...- ..N. C.
5123 Gurr, Leo
Dawson
Ga.
3705 Guy, Laura Inez
Atlanta
Ga.
7892 Griffith, Lillian Winter, Mrs.
Atlanta
..Ga.
2984 Gresham, Sara F.
Bostwick
Ga.
4290 Gaines, George, Mrs.
Elberton
Ga.
4291 Gaines, Ina
Dewey Rose
Ga.
2630 Gale, Mary Sue
Louisville _
Ga.
3683 Garner, Lina Alene
Norcross
Ga.
5662 Garner, Ola Margie
Lawrenceville Ga.
424 Garrett, Pauline
Tallapoosa
-Ga.
6322 Gaskin, Alyce ,Mrs.
Douglas
Ga.
5864 Geffen, Lottie
Atlanta
Ga.
3687 Gelessin, Wilhelmina Lowe, Mrs. Atlanta
Ga.
3691 Glover, Lois Randle
Atlanta
Ga.
7244 Goodrich, Emma Coyle
Atlanta
Ga.
441 Goff, Alberta Grace
Thomasville
Ga.
3693 Goodwin, Elizabeth
Monroe.
Ga.
3398 Goss, Lilla E.
Locust Grove Ga.
450 Grady, Helen Clark, Mrs.
Stroud
Ala.
2909 Graham, Rubye
Sardis
Ga.
3699 Green, Fannie Lou
Atlanta
Ga.
3702 Greene, Mary Louise
Milledgeville
Ga.
3692 Glover, Lora Haddock, Mrs.
Atlanta
...Ga.
11258 Hall, Willie Mae
Toomsboro
Ga.
8308 Hodges, L. B., Mrs.
Cyrene._
Ga.
8823 Hestwig, Maria Palmer, Mrs. Macon
Ga.
8919 Hobgood, Jimmie Lou
Fairburn
Ga.
8785 Hobgood, Mary Angie
Fairburn
Ga.
8734 Horn, Ruby Zeigler, Mrs.
Ogeechee
Ga.
9014 Holt, Frances
Macon.
Ga.
215
i
*
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
9162 9212 9693 9738 9739 9831 9877 9910 9879 9956 9915 10060 9957 10169 5161 4444 3282 4154
565 4852 1687 7447 2726
570 4445 4560 1540 2507
580 8114 8183 479 5579 3710
494 4136 2914
Hearn, Lottie Gertrude
Chickamauga.... Ga.
Hutchins, Rose Dillard, Mrs. Statham
Ga.
Hasty, Frank, Mrs.
Cochran
Ga.
Howard, Lula
Americus
Ga.
Hull, Huie
Conyers,
Ga.
Hunt, Mary Pauline
Cedartown ......Ga.
Harris, Gladys
Winder
Ga.
Hatfield, Ruby V.
Monticello
Ga.
Herring, Idell O'Barr, Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
Holmes, Thelma Ethel
Rayle
Ga.
House, Louise
Winder
Ga.
House, Josephine
Winder
Ga.
Hughes, Loyd H.
Louisville
...Miss.
Howard, E. W., Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
Home, Maude Moore, Mrs.
Moultrie
Ga.
Hubbard, Beva S.
Thompson
Pa.
Hudgins, Essie Carroll
Clermont
Ga.
Hudson, E. L.
Atlanta
Ga.
Hudson, Martha Christine
Largo
Fl.a
Huff, Ettie Bell Harrison, Mrs. Danielsville
Ga.
Huggins, Nell
Savannah
.. Ga.
Hughes, Lenora Allene Clark, Mr s.Acworth....
Ga.
Huguley, Cordie
West Point ......Ga.
Huling, Annie Laurie
Waverly Hall.... Ga.
Hunt, Salome
Commerce
Ga.
Hurst, Margaret Colson
Augusta...
Ga.
Hutchins, Ethel Hope, Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
Hutcheson, Leila
East Point
Ga.
Hutchinson, Thelma Wilkes, Mrs . Adel
Ga.
Hall, Tommie D., Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
Hubbard, Cosby S.
Baldwin
Ga.
Hammond, Mary Hadley
Griffin
Ga.
Hand, Joseph Spurgeon
Warwick
Ga.
Hanks, Pearl
Atlanta
Ga.
Harper, Carrilee
Jenkinsburg.... Ga.
Harper, Odessa Francis
Atlanta
.Ga.
Harper, O. T., Mrs.
Statesboro
Ga.
316
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application
Numbe
1377 Harrell, Corinne Nash, Mrs.
Atlanta....
1809 Harrell, Ruth Winifred
Savannah
500 Harris, Elizabeth Fletcher, Mrs. Jenkinsburg
1379 Hart, Helen Trenholm
Augusta...-
515 Hawkins, Laura Sue
Ashburn
10774 Hall, Hazel J.
Albany
519 Hearn, Frances Rebecca
Eatonton
1382 Hedges, Emma Holden
Marietta
521 Heidler, Florence Hodgson
Athens...
3730 Herrly, Martha
Atlanta
3724 Henderson, Fereby
Ocilla
7804 Hill, Olive, Mrs.
Texas
3735 Hobgood, Gladys Palmer
Fairburn
7439 Hockersmith, Lissa Davitte, Mrs Rockmart
539 Hodges, Alma Kate
Oliver
4556 Holliman, Nina Way, Mrs.
Milledgeville
544 Holliman, Olive
Athens
7443 Holt, Florella
Milledgeville
2804 Hook, Ella Florence
Flemington.
5762 Hope, Mary
Jonesboro
5161 Home, Harry B., Mrs.
Moultrie
11264 Hill, Fannie Wright
Augusta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ..Ga.
8314 8829 9284 7265 5174 3745 3744
584
Ivey, Mary Elizabeth Isbell, Arie Ingram, Martha Munro, Mrs. Ingram, Elma Kathleen Ingram, Fannie Kate Ingram, Leona Ingram, Lee Su Isbell, Marie
Browns Crossing....Ga.
Toccoa.....
Ha.
Carrollton.
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Barnes ville
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
East Point
Ga.
Toccoa...
Ga.
4583 619 624 625 8656 8551
Jones, Ruth Miller Jones, Sara Bass Jordan, Helen Jordan, N. M., Jr., Mrs. Jackson, Susie M., Mrs. Johnson, Kate L.
217
Augusta... Hogansville Tunnel Hill Tennille Cordele Fairburn
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga.
CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
9061 9808 9916 9880 10174 3749
590 3754 3755 3757 3760 5179 7272 4735 5470 5767 4566 3771
Jenkins, Susie Ethlynd Johnson, Dorothy Jackson, Elsie Henriette Jackson, Mable Johns, Ruth Jack, Marion A. Jackson, Ella Medora Jarrell, Ira Jenkins, Laura Johnson, Annie Laurie Johnson, Jerome Bearse, Mrs. Johnson, Nellie Eulalia Johnston, Enid Graham Jolley, Dorothy Jones, Annette Alexander, Mrs. Jones, Clotilde Jones, Marie Louise Jones, Nelle
Chipley
Ga.
Thomaston
Ga.
Lawrenceville... Ga.
Winder
Ga.
Social Circle..... ...Ga.
Atlanta
...Ga.
Ashburn...
...Ga.
Atlanta..
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Decatur...
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Mt. Vernon...... ..Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Taylors ville
Ga.
Blakely.....
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Madison...
Ga.
Norcross
Ga.
8318 8737 9397 9657 9833 9882 3779 10555 3774 1692 3776 3778 5189 637 4738 7277 645 2368 2861
Knight, Lucille Jones Kelley, Jessie Kelt, Jack, Mrs. Kenan, Helen Spalding Kimball, Elizabeth Mclntosh Kelley, Martha Cordelia Kimbrough, Susan Elizabeth Kerlin, Eloise Kehrer, Ruth Eloise Kelley, James A. Mrs. Kenan, Meta H. Kendrick, Martha E. Kennedy, Elsie Keown, Sue Lee Kidd, Zipporah Davis Kilgore, Edna Wood King, Mary Mozelle King, Myrtle E. Kittrell, Sarah Cole
18
Eatonton
Ga.
McDonough... Ga.
Atlanta.
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Winder
. ..Ga.
Monticello
Ga.
Talbotton
. ..-Ga.
Wintervifle ....-Ga.
Norcross
......Ga.
Savannah
...Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta...
Ga.
Plains...
. .-Ga.
McCormick ...S. C.
Newnan
Ga.
Clarkston
.. ..Ga.
Cusseta
.....Ga.
E. Orange
...N. J.
Davisboro
Ga.
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CE
Application. Number
2735 Knox, Elizabeth Osbrone, Mrs. 3786 Kohke, Stephen, Mrs. 1865 Kops, J. deBrugn, Mrs. 8121 King, T. C, Mrs. 9883 King, Edna Howland
682 3805 2998 3812 9815 8789 8924 9260 9884
9918 10070 10805 2737 3437 5202
664 5592 3792 3794 2643
673 3799 3292 7462 3801 3802 4184 8124
Lovelace, Jane Lovett, Alice Loyd, Elizabeth Gregg, Mrs. Lynch, Lois Lyeth. Lucy K., Mrs. Lowe, Eva Elizabeth Lemon, Lucy Lee, Frances B. Laramore, Martha E.
Lay Annie Lester, W. E., Mrs. Linch, Evelyn Lane, Mary Beulah Langford, Mary Eulila Langston, Lessie Latimer, Emily Reeves Latimer, Rubye Lawton, Genevieve Lee, Beatrice E., Mrs. Lee, Dorothy C. Lewis, John D., Mrs. Linch, Eugenia Lipes, Fannie M. Schell, Mrs. LittleJohn, Rosa Jjuanita Lively, T. T., Mrs. Livingston, Leila Lou Lovejoy, Anetta Louise Lyon, Alda Roberts, Mrs.
10360 Meeks, Rubye V. 10825 Meadow, Stella Vivian 7045 Malone, Mattie Saye, Mrs.
219
Jackson..... Atlanta Savannah Jefferson ville Pelham
West Point Atlanta... Atlanta. Macon. Augusta Columbus Jackson Albany Macon Gainesville Morven Flovilla Claxton Commerce Elko Washington Meridian. Atlanta Atlanta Covington. Garfield Atlanta East Point Augusta Atlanta Atlanta AtlantaRoswell
Nicholls Atlanta Newborn.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. -Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Miss. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. -Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL, CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
10818 5792
776 3849 8697 8572 8325 8975 9020 9018 9227 9063 9364 9442 9858 9993 9920 3833 1728 3834 3837 3067 753 4585 1443 5933 1733 4586 3841 1875 769 3820 3450 7815 3816 693
Manning, W. H., Mrs.
Williston
.. S.C.
Mullins, Nettie
Penfield
.... Ga.
Murphy, Ralph W. E.
Andersonville.... Ga.
Murrah, Carrie Lee
Atlanta
Ga.
Means, Caroline E. G., Mrs.
Sycamore
Ga.
Morgan, Troy Lee, Mrs.
Tupelo
..Miss.
Matthews, Lucile P.
Atlanta
Ga.
Milner, Ella Mae
Quitman
Ga.
Minter, E. Grace
Monticello
Ga.
May, Bessie Merrill
Atlanta
Ga.
Milner, Mamie Matilda
Quitman
Ga.
Malone, Kate Callaway, Mrs. Macon.
Ga.
Mathis, Nobie Walters, Mrs.
Ashburn
.....Ga.
Mitchellson, Mildred Lyons, Mrs . Brunswick
Ga.
Morris, Willie Frank
Douglas ville
Ga.
Malcolm, Frances Green
Bostwick
Ga.
Maxey, Susie Kate
Auburn..
...Ga.
Milner, Vera A.
Atlanta...
Ga.
Milton, Miriam
Savannah
-..Ga.
Minter, Bessie Augusta
Monticello.... .. Ga.
Montgomery, Carolyn
Atlanta...
Ga.
Moore, Adrianna Harp, Mrs.
Montezuma
Ga.
Moore, Frances Elizabeth
Jefferson
Ga.
Moore, Jessie
Chamblee
.....Ga.
Moore, Lillian Cornelia
Rayle
Ga.
Morris, Edna
Barnesville
Ga.
Morris, Irvina May
Savannah
Ga.
Morgan, Kate Gregory
Columbus
.....Ga.
Morgan, Myrtis Evelyn
Decatur
Ga.
Mullenax, Henrietta
Savannah
.....Ga.
Moye, T. A., Mrs.
East Point
Ga.
Marcham, Sara
Atlanta
Ga.
Maddox, Franklin, Mrs.
Jackson
Ga.
Malone, Elizabeth Speer, Mrs. Dunwoody
Ga.
Malone, Marion
Atlanta
Ga.
Malone, Mary Katherine
Monticello
Ga.
220
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
3818 Mann, Winnie Azubah
Gay
Ga.
694 Manson, Marjorie Anita
Covena
Ga.
3821 Marks, Beulah Leota
Ingleside
Ga.
698 Martin, Emmie Irene
Camilla.
Ga.
703 Martin, Marie Forrester, Mrs. Leesburg
Ha.
765 Martin, Nancy Lowe
Athens
Ga.
710 Mason, Regina Beverly
Athens
..Ga.
7046 Mathis, Alice Kelley
Americus
Ga.
726 Maxwell, Pauline
Milledgeville
Ga.
7726 Mayo, A. S., Mrs.
Whigham
Ga.
730 Meaders, James Anthony, Mrs. Gillsville
Ga.
7299 Mealing, W. E., Mrs.
Augusta.
Ga.
7972 Mears, Lamar Bass, Mrs.
Monroe..
Ga.
3832 Mell, Lida Ralston
Atlanta .
Ga.
3853 McClure, A. J., Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
2543 McCorvey, Nena
Hawkinsville
Ga.
3856 McCullough, Mattie Lou
Atlanta
Ga.
3857 McCurdy, Celia Alatha
Atlanta
.Ga.
3858 McCurdy, Grace
Stone Mountain Ga.
3862 McDaniel, Ruby
Atlanta..
Ga.
785 McDowell, Belle Melton, Mrs. Monticello
Ga.
7721 McGovern, Marguerite
Augusta
Ga.
3736 MacGuigan, Geraldine H., Mrs. Warrenton
Ga.
5226 McKenzie, Myrtis Nell
Augusta
Ga.
5230 McManns, Esther
Chattanooga. Tenn.
1868 McTyre, Annie May
Savannah
Ga.
4591 McWhorter, Margaret Elizabeth LaFayette
Ga.
8160 McWhorter, Edith
Waycross
Ga.
8832 McCurdy, Berta
Comer
Ga.
8891 McSwain, C. M., Mrs.
Vidalia
Ga.
9263 McDonald, j\ D., Mrs.
Augusta
Ga.
9744 McGarity, Oscar
Cave Spring
Ga.
9995 McConnell, Vivian
Athens
Ga.
10074 McMichael, Bernice
Jackson
Ga.
11033 McCrary, Mary Esther
Royston
Ga.
3873 Nabors, Kathleen S.
809 Nash, Margaret Ruth
221
Atlanta
Ga.
Washington
Ga.
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
1551 7308
813 3876 7309 5883 8128 9971
Neal, Cornelia M., Mrs. Nelson, Edith Neslon, Irene Nelson, Lyndell Newman, Anne Willis Nicholson, Helen Elsie Neary, Louise Joiner, Mrs. Nichols, Lucy Evelyn
College Park... Ga.
Thomaston.
Ga.
McDonough
Ga.
Milledgeville
Ga.
Dahlonega
Ga.
Stephens
Ga.
Waycross
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
3885 1741 5261 824 9892
Oakes, Masie Agnes Otto, Lillian Khron, Mrs. Ousley, Odille Orgain, Jessamine Orr, Edith Hearn
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Fort Valley
Ga.
Tallapoosa
Ga.
LaGrange
Ga.
8307 Padgett, Walter Herman' 9748 Prigden, Irene 9999 Perry, Edna 10093 Patrick, Irene 11094 Phillips, Mamye Louise 10846 Philips, Beulah Edna 10367 Perry, Jessie Evelyn 10199 Parker, Mary Lee 8751 Parker, Helen M. 3906 Pirkle, Louise Kellogg
870 Plumb, Ruth Evelyn 2392 Plunkett, Hayden 2556 Porter, Mary Gertrude, Mrs 3907 Potts, Edna Mae 3908 Potts, Frances Marion 2139 Powell, Willie Mae 1555 Preston, Mary Florence
892 Price, Johnny 3911 Price, Lucile 3912 Price, Margaret Sterling 8087 Pruett, Bettie Blair 3915 Pruitt, Otis E., Mrs. 3916 Pugh, Elma Tribble, Mrs.
222
Chatsworth Cedartown Menlo Quitman Acworth Atlanta ...-. Camilla Bainbridge Decatur.... Atlanta Lincolnton Atlanta Athens.... Athens Gabbettville Leesburg Atlanta Swainsboro Atlanta Atlanta Millen Atlanta Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ....Ga. .Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
5283 Purnell, Beulah
Flemingsburg Ky.
7822 Pace, Carrie Gertrude
Cohutta
Ga.
11742 Papot, Annette Milton, Mrs.
Savannah
Ga.
3894 Parr, Mildred
Atlanta
....Ga.
3895 Paschal, Ava Elizabeth
Atlanta
..Ga.
7311 Paschal, S. R., Mrs.
Buckhead
Ga.
844 Patten, Effie
Milltown..-
Ga.
843 Patten, Estelle
Milltown
Ga.
3897 Paulk, Edna
Willacoochee
Ga.
4596 Paulk, Gladys
Cairo
Ga.
4597 Paulk, Lillian
Cairo
Ga.
5608 Paulk, Thelma Bland, Mrs.
Walnut Grove ..Tenn.
3199 Payne, Bertha Faircloth, Mrs. Savannah
Ga.
3898 Peacock, Sara Eula
Vidalia
Ga.
7588 Pearce, Myra Watson
Augusta
Ga.
3901 Pennington, Lartrelle Meadors,
Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
854 Perkins, Emie Clyde
Howard.....
Ga.
3138 Perkinson, Annie Laurie Vaughn,
Mrs.
Woodstock
Ga.
3200 Perry, Martha Viola
Madison
Ga.
856 Persons, Finney B.
Monticello
Ga.
8060 Peters, Ruby Henry
Atlanta
....Ga.
5887 Phagan, John M.
Pulaski
Ga.
2837 Pharr, R. N., Mrs.
Cedartown
Ga.
1750 Phillips, Marion Cubbedge, Mrs. Guyton
Ga.
5612 Pickett, Nevie
Ty Ty
...Ga.
937 3075 3932 8194 8259 8421 8613 8673 8752 9577
Rouse, Almeda Davis, Mrs.
Rozier, Zell Russell, Agnes Russell, Susie E. Ragan, Marian Elizabeth Raford, L. C, Mrs. Rainey, Edna Roberts, Ivilyn Elizabeth Rodgers, Lois Roberts, Myrtle B.
223
Americus Sparta Atlanta. Round Oak Hawkins ville Monroe Norcross Milledgeville.. Oglethorpe Chickamauga
.....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
.....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
....Ga. .Ga.
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
9749 Rahn, Mary Helen Mrs. 10096 Ramsey, Annie Louise 10103 Rosser, Mary Irons 10716 Reynolds, Gladys 10434 Rushing, Nan 10852 Randall, Ida Margaret
2660 Rackley, Alma Inez 3917 Ragsdale, Irene Elizabeth 3918 Ragsdale, Jean 1882 Rahn, Sara Helen 7827 Rambo, Mary 3919 Ramey, Mary Ellen 5935 Redman, Gladys 3921 Reed, Viola Anita, Mrs.
919 Reeves, Lorenna 3470 Reid, Annie Grace 5617 Rhodes, Ruby 5618 Rice, Sarah Cassin 3339 Rice, Stella Forest Trammell
923 Richardson, Jessie Cane 1465 Ringsmith, Paul Andrew 5938 Roberts, Mamie Eloise 1759 Robinson, Mable Addie
Flemington Augusta Atlanta Fowlstown Statesboro Atlanta Statesboro Lithonia Lithonia... Flemington Americus Atlanta Jackson Atlanta.. Barnes ville Thomaston Coleman Athens Shiloh Ivey Wakefield Sumner Savannah
3973 967 7934 3974 1778 5837 2418 2753 3977 2419 3485 979 3978 4395
Steedman, Maud Steele, Ruby Irene Burt Stembridge, Annie Howard Stephens, Frances Sterly, Norma Stewart, Maude Allen Stokes, Elise M. Stokes, Ethel Wood, Mrs. Stone, Emmalise P. Stopfer, Charlotte Elizabeth Story, Annie Lucile Story, Eugene M., Mrs. Streeter, Rienzi O., Mrs. Strickland, Blanche Waiter, Mrs
Atlanta Canton Ella Gap Atlanta Savannah Hoschton Atlanta Gordon Oxford Atlanta Appling Burwell Atlanta Atlanta
24
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. ..Mich. Ga. .Ga.
.Ga. Ga. ...Ga. .Ga. Ga. .....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
984 4803 2754
988 3487 3979 3980
992 7601
994 1787 3958 4617 4794 5314 5513 3481 1041 7334 3961 3482 4797 1048 5323 953 955 962 4801 7743 1479 1005 7513 4610 4611 3945 5900 1013
Strickland, Jewell Evelyn Strozier, Sara Norment Sturdivant, Alma Sullivan, Bernice Winifred Summerour, Nellie Sutton, Alice M. Sutton, Sara Frances Swain, Maggie Parrish, Mrs. Swartz, Louise Jean Swindle, Mary Dorothy Symons, Sallie Rickard Slocumb, Josie Smith, Annie Mae Smith, D. Baker, Mrs. Smith, Dessie Merle Smith, Evelyne H. Smith, Fay Smith, Florris Carter Smith, Gertrude McLean Smith, Henrietta Smith, Herman W., Mrs. Smith, Hovey W., Mrs. Smith, Mamie Frances Snead, Francis Adnette Spell, Lyda Spence, Mary Elizabeth Stamper, Eva Clyde Stanfill, Avie Stansell, Frances Wardlaw Starr, Lennes Jones Saunders, Madge Merton Schmidt, Mariella Seals, Annie Lois Sell, Eunice Setze, Adelaide Reynolds Shackelford, Jimmie Shadburn, Daisy Ethel
225
Buchanan Cordele Girard Carnesville Duluth Washington Washington Rome Chicago Camilla Savannah Bainbridge Commerce Red Springs Gainesville Talbotton Louisville Crawford...Wray. Decatur..... Gainesville Sandersville Dudley Atlanta.... Quitman Thomasville Jakin.. Hahira Augusta. Fayetteville._ Birmingham Augusta.... Waycross Hoschton Atlanta Hogansville Buford.
...Ga. .....Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .....111. .....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga N. C Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
1014 Shanklin, Helen 4612 Sharp, Lily C, Mrs. 1765 Sharpe, Chesly Bostick 3148 Shearer, Allen E. 3951 Shepherd, Rosalind 3952 Shermer, Omer Inez 6073 Sherrer, Mary 3954 Shirley, Katherine 3478 Shivers, Eloise 7337 Siler, I. 0. 5310 Simmons, Iris A. 7517 Sims, Katherine Cordelia 2667 Sims, Sallie 1768 Sipple, Erldyne F. 5511 Skinner, Mary Virginia 8335 Simmons, Katie Frances 8407 Stearne, Dorothea 8452 Shadbum, Irene Bowden, Mrs. 8487 Smith, Inez, Mrs. 8488 Sullivan, Elizabeth K. 8703 Scott, L. R., Mrs. 8883 Smith, Mary Erwin 8935 Stapleton, Margaret E. 9146 Stanford, Mary 9538 Shackleford, Mabel Nunn 9819 Scott, Rosalie T. 9838 Senn, J. D., Mrs. 10111 Sims, Sarah Boyd 10118 Strickland, Mary Florie 10438 Stanford, Lodusky 11825 Seckinger, Josie Elizabeth 11833 Smith, Mary Lou
3981 Talley, Lucile 1059 Tanner, Ada 5631 Tanner, Ruth 1061 Tanner, Odessa 1073 Thaggard, Mamie
226
Baconton
Ga.
Baconton
Ga.
Vidalia
Ga.
LaFayette
Ga.
Maysville
Ga.
Atlanta.
Ga.
Cuthbert
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Dawsonville. ..Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Newnan
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Norcross
Ga.
Columbus..
Ga.
Albany
Ga.
Bufford
Ga.
Oxford
Ga.
Augusta
Gz.
Atlanta...
Ga.
Jefferson
..Ga.
Stapleton
Ga.
Lower Peachtree...Ala.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
....Ga.
Dawson
Ga.
Rayle
Ga.
Tallapoosa.
Ga.
Hamilton..... ..Ga.
Clyo
Ga.
Collins
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Dacula
Ga.
Sandersville
Ga.
Dacula
Ga.
Claxton
Ga.
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL. CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
3986 Thomas, Lillie V. Martin, Mrs. 4254 Thomas, Sallie Mae 3993 Thompson, Adrian Turnell, Mrs. 5824 Thurman, Maude Irene 3992 Thrasher, Lillian Bell 7746 Thurmond, Winnie 1082 Tidwell, Mary Ethel 4880 Tigner, Lilly Jackson, Mrs. 7533 Tinley, Ethel Clifford 4258 Tinsley, Selena B. 7106 Todd, Elizabeth Ledbetter 3996 Tompkins, Nina Claire 2424 Townsend, Claire R. 3997 Trippe, Elsie Mary 4808 Truett, Edna Earl 1096 Trussell, Mattie Malvina 8271 Tondes, Una 8894 Thomas, Lina Zeigler Mrs. 8678 Thomson, Reba 8987 Thomas, Berta Copeland Mrs. 9036 Turpin, Anne Page 9270 Thompson, Mary Alma 9437 Thetford, Florrie I. 9415 Thrash, Vivian 9977 Thomas, Annie Maude 10302 Thompson, Mary Alice 10378 Tucker, Mary Bagwell 8029 Turner, Hallie Elizabeth 4002 Turner, Martha Emma 5531 Tyner, Ethel
Atlanta
-
Atlanta
-
Atlanta
LaFayette
Atlanta
McCormick
Douglasville
Chipley
Augusta
Atlanta
Rome
Newnan
Stoughton..
Atlanta
Sereven.
Junction City
Ellaville.-..-
Thomasboro
Danielsville.-
Donalsonville
Macon
Ridgeland.--
Columbus
LaGrange
Arnolds ville _
Atlanta
Columbus
White Plains.
Carrollton
Wayside..--
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ..Ga. Ga. Wis. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. .Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
2588 Underwood, Louise Powers
Carrs Station Ga.
2590 Vaughan, Ruth
Washington
Ga.
4004 Vincent, Gladys Ogene
College Park..._ Ga.
1795 Vogel, Frances Louise
Savannah
Ga.
8914 Vangorder, Marion
Fitzgerald
Ga.
9323 Vaughn, Sara Kimbrough, Mrs. Madison
Ga.
227
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES-A CLASS
Application Number
8349 Webb, Winnie L. 8377 Wood, Rubye 8424 Wood, Mildred Imogene 4823 Wooten, Frances Aurealia 8895 Whitehead, Ruth S. 8991 Wansley, Ruby Cason 9043 White, Mary Virginia 9105 Wells, Mattie Avery, Mrs. 9273 West, Claude Riley, Mrs. 9421 Wynn, Mary H., Mrs. 9587 Willis, Mary Jane 9724 Wilson, Miriam, Cox, Mrs. 9754 Williams, Jewell Virginia 3499 Walden, Lizzie Lee 5352 Walker, Jennie Wilson 1798 Walker, Juanita 7362 Wall, Elise 1799 Ward, Viola Leurine 1137 Ward, Charles Sims, Mrs. 1144 Warren, Mary Virginia 1146 Wasserman, Jimmie Louise 4008 Waters, Irene E. 1150 Watkins, Bessie Estelle 2592 Watkins, Lorrinne Banks, Mrs. 2141 Watkins, Sallie 2595 Watson, Mamie, Mrs. 4011 Weber, Bertha Weibel, Mrs. 3503 Weems, W. A., Mrs. 5357 Wehunt, Clyde 5358 Wehunt, Minnie 3019 Weigle, Emily Hill 5828 Welch, Alice Drake 1166 Weldon, Inez 1803 Wells, Charley Kate 1174 Whaley, Edith Clare 1176 Whatley, Ella Ruth 1175 Whatley, Hannah
228
Americus..... Dacula Rome... Unadilla Commerce Rayle Macon Griswoldville Piedmont Macon Menlo Madison Sycamore Soperton Quitman Savannah Norcross Savannah Atlanta Stillmore Tallapoosa Atlanta Talbotton Milledgeville Jackson Milledgeville.Atlanta Eatonton.__ Winterville Winterville Augusta..._ Colquitt-._ West Point... Mountville Sparta Thomaston Columbus
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ....Ga. Ga. Ga. ....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
4645 Wood, Jewell 7554 Woodward, Lucile 1225 Wooten, A. L., Mrs. 3508 Wooten, Caroline 4033 Wright, Kathleen Featherstone
3509 Wright, Lucile 6571 Wright, Naomi 1238 Wynne, Maud Hodges, Mrs. 4016 Whatley, Naomi 4817 Whatley, Rachel 4018 Wheeler, Fainie 7118 White, James Walter 1180 Whitehead, James A., Mrs. 1895 Whitehurst, Louise 1804 Whiteside, Mary Sammes 3506 Williams, Ethel Ingram, Mrs. 1508 Williams, Gertrude C. 1198 Williams, Lillian Gertrude 4025 Williamson, Mittie Hamby 1205 Williamson, Ruth 1210 Wilson, Doris 1211 Wilson, Polly 7374 Witherspoon, F. J., Mrs. 1214 Wimberly, Allie Elma 3158 Wimberly Byrd 1216 Wingate, Clyde Martin, Mrs. 8033 Wright, Lewis H., Mrs. 4027 Wisdom, Mary Whitfield 4028 Womack, Minnie Thompson 10004 Williams, Clifton 10134 Wright, Edith O. 10894 Waitt, Laura Haynes 10223 Walton, Myrtle 10534 Whitworth, Mary Jim 10566 Williams, Goldie Nicely 11315 Watkins, Mary Emma
Menlo
Ga.
Hepzibah
Ga.
Jonesboro
Ga.
Covington
..Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Morven
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Kirkwood
Ga.
Box Spring...
Ga.
Pinehurst
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Savannah
..Ga.
Attapulgus
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Watkinsville
Ga.
Smyrna.....
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Montezuma
Ga.
Locust Grove... Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Buena Vista
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Cbipley
...Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Washington ...Ga.
Logans ville --Ga.
Abbottsford
Ga.
Talbotton
Ga.
229
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
8350 9926 10006 10135 12459 7988 4058 12459
Yeatman, W. E., Mrs. Young, Hazel Wilson Young, Sarah Victoria Young, Eunice Pearl Yeomans, Mildred York, Dekle, Mrs. Young, Elon lone Yeomans, Mildred
Brunswick. Montezuma Montezuma Leslie Dawson Waycross Moreland Dawson
......Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
. .Ga. _ Ga.
Ga.
6454 Zeigler, Temple
Qgeechee
.....Ga.
230
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES
Application Number
2773 7156
112 5949
118
1817 1818 1500 8682 1252
Abney, Louise Aiken, Mary Pansy Anderson, Jennie Eleanor Armstrong, Emma Kate Arnold, Helen Ligon
Axley, Lowry Axley, Nina Shaw, Mrs. Ayers, Arthur Watson Axon, James Allen Alexander, Thomas L.
173 Bixler, Harold Hench 5402 Blackmon, Bessie 2884 Blanks, Eunice 5931 Boatright, Eleanor M. 1821 Boggs, Myra Cochran, Mrs. 1519 Bowen, Alva Manly 2320 Bowen, James Young 2321 Bowen, Robert Lee 1279 Bowers, Ethel 7872 Brewer, Henry Clay 7951 Blood worth, Louise L. 7952 Brown, Clara Mae 7192 Buckner, Gladys 2314 Barksdale, William A.
144 Barr, William John 1267 Barron, Jas. Pressley 1579 Beard, Hazel H. 3098 Briggs, Gaither Arcemas
201 Britt, Ruth Patterson 206 Brooks, Lily Wingo 3568 Brown, Thelma 4666 Brown, William Daniel 2323 Burgess, Hugh O. 9824 Beasley, Maxey Foy 9930 Bonner, Emily Curls 10020 Braddy, Ann 10022 Brown, R. B., Mrs.
231
Athens
Ga.
Jefferson..
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Clyde
Kans.
Stephens
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Lone Star
S. C.
N. Orangeburg... S. C.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
West Point
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
N. Augusta S. C.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Emory University. Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Worcester
Mass.
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Mountain City Ga.
Tifton
Ga.
Due West
S. C.
Atlanta
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Auburn
Ala.
Reidsville
Ga.
Berlin
Ga.
Dublin
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES
Application
,
Number
10732 10314 8632 8720 7687 8380 8905
132 3238
Bowen, Valera Edna Branham, Cecelia Billings Bassett, Lucy Cornelia Blount, Hilda David Bowie, John Clifton Bierschwale, Margaret Buckner, James Morgan Bailey, J. R., Mrs. Brown, Kate Bradfield, Mrs.
Clermont
. ..Ga.
Covington
. ..Ga.
Fort Valley . ..Ga.
Montgomery.. . ..Ala.
Atlanta
. ..Ga.
Mason
. . Tex.
. ..Ga.
. ..Ga.
Locust Grove.. Ga.
2325 250
4948 5038 2328 4427
288 5422 2707 1314 2330
299 5047 1322 2894 2331 2332 5982 8150 11462 8723 8232 9250 9389 9849 9869 10745
Caldwell, Jessie Orr Cantey, Fannie Conyers Champion, Charlie Durrell Christian, Lucy Freeman Christie, Irene Clearman, Clyde McKay Clower, Catherine Foxworth Cobb, Emma Hazel Collins, Annie L. Collins, Thos. J. Cone, Clara Lee Cone, Josie May Cox, Arthur Hodgson Cox, Linton Law Crawford, Gordon B. Creighton, Alma Crowder, Walter Richard Cutts, Harvey Clark Chambless, William Franklin Canon, Lurline Mae Carson, Julius LaFayette Carter, Rubin Samuel Clark, Lucy K. Cox, Sadie Elizabeth Comey, Gertrude J. Chunn, Thelma Clifton, Laila
Brookings
.S. D.
. ..Ga.
. ..Ga.
..Ga.
..Mo.
Blakely
. ..Ga.
Biloxi
.Miss.
Douglasville.. . . ..Ga.
..Ga.
.. . Ga.
..Ga.
..Ga.
..Ga.
..Ga.
Marlow
..Ga.
N. Augusta.. .. . ..Ga.
Griffin
..Ga.
Ashburn
. .. Ga.
Kite
..Ga.
Glennville
. ..Ga.
Spartanburg... .S.'C.
Copper Hill -- Tenn.
. ..Ga.
Macon
. ..Ga.
Augusta
. .. Ga.
Americus
. .. Ga.
Ga.
232
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES
Application Number
2338 7215 1338
330 7695 5431
346 1835 351 3652 10476 7694 8178 10310 9493
Davis, Milton Herbert Davis, Roy Wilson Davis, Sara Deal, Myrtice Dixon, J. C. Donnan, Jewel Douglas, Lillian Dubberly, Mary Kate Duggan, Ivy William Durham, Inez DeGracia Duralson, Lucie S. Dixon, Blanche, Mr>. Davenport, Ivjs Smith David, Roy C. Dennis, Adelle
4702 Elrod, Robert Adger 3261 Ellis, Sallie Barren 7631 Epps, Preston Herschel
5436 2367 5995 5437 3666 2349 3672
406 7236 4442 2477 8818 9689
Fagan, Elizabeth Pruden Faulkner, Kenneth Fields, Lucy Wilson Flanigan, J. C, Mrs. Fletcher, Mary Tennyson Floyd, Edward Lee Foster, Florence Franklin, Lida Elizabeth Fullbright, Iris Fuller, Henry Grady, Mrs. Fiske, Thomas P. Fleming, James Lanford Franklin, Lillian Muriel
10274 455 1134
2485 1849
Green, Annie Lois Green, Sue Gaines, Winningham Walter
Gibson, M. D., Mrs. Grady, Leona Ker
233
Atlanta
Ga.
Kenwood
Ga.
LaGrange
Ga.
Blakely
Ga.
Richland
Ga.
Sumner
Ga.
Camilla
Ga.
Glennville
Ga.
Clayton
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Blakely
Ga.
Richland
Ga.
Bowdon
Ga.
Danielsville
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Anderson Gray Atlanta
S. C. Ga. Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Waynetown
Ind.
Hampton
Ga.
Lawrenceville Ga.
McColl
S. C.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Zebulon
Ga.
Brunswick
Ga.
Reynolds
Ga.
Adel
la.
Lanford Station.. S. C.
Statesboro
Ga.
Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Laurens Savannah
Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga.
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES
Application Number
1532 Graham, Minnie Lynette 7001 Green, Katherine L. 2352 Green, Maude 458 Grier, Boyce McLauglin 459 Griffin, Lila Edith 3273 Grist, Fred M., Mrs. 5577 Guice, Lydia Wood
Atlanta Washington Washington Elberton HartWell Dillard Atlanta
7707 7798
480 483 491 1537 495 2355 3181 517 5454 5756 529 5146 1392 2635 7440 7444 2919 2920 1859 2502 7806 2360 4964 563 571 2361 8155
Haddock, Ruby Hamilton, Mary Evelyn Hammond, Rosa Underwood Hanes, Marivil Hargrove, Adiel James Hargrove, Kathleen Harper, Gertrude Hall, Mrs. Hastings, Stanley Miller Hatfield, Albert Hayes, Sarah Daisy Heisler, H. H., Mrs. Henderson, Elizabeth Leake Hensler, Claudia Louis Hicks, T. M. Hogan, Patrick Hogg, Sara Hollis, Janie Selma Holt, Jno. Gordon Hood, Grace Hood, Ruth Hoppe, Marguerite E. Howard, Mary Davis, Mrs. Howard, Mary Wells Howell, Charmian, Mrs. Howell, Moses Elijah Huckabee, Ralph, Jr. Hulme, Geo. Hulsey, Hal Hook, Marshall
Douglas Lexington Rome Jonesboro Marshall ville Mt. Vernon Coleman Atlanta Clarksville Eastanollee Colquitt Cartersville Clarkston Dublin Atlanta Cedartown Forsyth Douglasville Dacula Dacula Savannah Dearing Atlanta Atlanta Canton Ashburn Cartersville Atlanta Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Va. Ga. GV. Ga. Mo. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
234
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES
Application Number
9207 Hamilton, Marian 9607 Harris, Gladys
110 Icenogle, Inez Allen, Mrs. 581 Icenogle, Karl L.
9360 2362 2364 2366 3767 5769 2363 5586
Jones, Marcy C, Mrs. Jarrell, John Franklin Johnson, Clifton O. Johnston, David White Jones, Celeste Ervin, Mrs. Jones, Lila Jones, Mamie Emily Jones, Nellie Bernice
9221 11934
3775 642
7033 1412
King, Sara Keen, Marion Brown, Mrs. Kelley, Jane Davis Kimbrough, Mary Carter, Mrs. Kizer, Herbert James Wright Kopf, Frank A.
5591 2370 2371
676 2349 1423 11023 8508 10585
Lacour, Albert A. Larendon, Caroline Morgan Lide, Davis Reynolds, Jr. Little, Laura Nance, Mrs. Lockwood, Joe Edward Lythgo, Lois Ledford, Ina Lewis, Laura Kate Lancaster, Ardis
9403 7968 3852 7041 4936 5597
801
McConnell, William Ross, Mrs. McCamy, Marian McCaskill, Agnes, Mrs. McClung, Ira Boaz McGee, Alice B. McKinney, Rubye Lee McMichael, Nannie Lou
Augusta
Ga.
Reidsville
Ga.
Durham Atlanta
N. C. Ga.
Dublin Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Parrott Decatur Hapeville
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. : . .. .Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Fitzgerald Mt. Airy Tennille Talbotton Holly Hill Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S:C. Ga.
Peoria Atlanta Columbia Tenni,le Newton Atlanta Cairo Waleska Shady Dale
111. Ga. S. C. Ga. N. J, Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Dahlonega
Ga.
Sparks
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
235
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATE
Application Number
3451 1548 3822 1549 1432 1871
708 2377
723 1438 5881 1638 7479 7301 752 2384 10423 8747 5787
Maddox, Martin A. Maddox, Warren Calvin Marsh, Julia Martin, Austin Geedes Martin, Burbon A. Marvin, Ada Mason, Frederick R. Matthews, Sue Mildred Maxey, Herbert A. Mendenhall, William T. Meriwether, Nita Kendrick, Mrs Miller, Ewart Carolyn Milford, Rossie Miller, Verdie Frances Moore, Fayne Mullinax, Perry Franklin Mosher, Nelson Hunter Moore, Lucia Mobley, Mrs. Maynard, Berner Wilder
Decatur...... Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Dublin
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
White Hall.. . . ..S. C.
Decatur
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Auburn
Ga.
Chamblee.... Ga.
Clarkston.... Ga.
Tybee
Ga.
Anderson
..S. C.
Chester
Ga.
Ga.
Emory University. Ga.
Mich.
Ga.
Forsyth
Ga.
9835 Null, Ama Lee 7657 Naugher, Lois 3883 Nolen, Emmalee
Chattanooga.. . Tenn. Ga. Ga.
10197 Outler, Kathreen, Coram, Mrs.
Ga.
1452 Odom, Alfred Dargan
Ga.
7732 O'steen, Myrtie Eloise
Ga.
7495 831 3198 2388 4462 2389 1553 3899 7499 7071
Padrick, Mabel Louise Paine, Mary Battle Palmer, Elgie Marion Parker, Catherine Parker, Grace Helen Parmenter, Mary Fisher Pearson, Walter M. Penick, Mary Estelle Penland, John E., Mrs. Pinckard, Mary
Fla.
Ga.
Ga.
Ga.
Millen
Ga.
Orange Park.. Fla.
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Way cross
Ga.
Forsyth
Ga.
236
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATE
Application Number
4973 8511 8560 9784 10561 1457 7074 4600 5280 5496
Pinson, Agnes Elizabeth Parham, Willie B., Mrs. Parker, Naomi Perkins, Alberta Wright, Mrs. Paine, Elizabeth Frances Poole, J. Elgin Powell, Lutie Nimmons Powers, Emmie Preston, William Gordon Prudan, Margaret Berry
2398 2400 1884 7330 7832 5893 1470
940 9463 5695 9664 10098 10430 10519
Ray, Anne L. Richardson, Maribel Riley, Stella Collier Roberts, Lucien E. Robinson, Isabel Swain Rodgers, Annie Bell Rogers, Walter MbjDowell Rumble, Bert Rustin, Eunice Roper, Julia Elizabeth Ramsey, Elizabeth Read, Henry Osgood Ragsdale, Lois Rivers, Bernice Marie
8472 Scarborough, Donald 9509 Smith, Herman W. 9923 Stillman, Adra Lois 10522 Searcy, Julia F. 10865 Smith, Annie Lois 2409 Slappey, George Hiley
972 Stevens, Edwin Holt 985 Stripling, Marion Fry 7529 Sturkey, Mary Frances 7845 Summerall, Leila 8136 Smith, Gladys Wilder, Mrs. 2413 Smith, Mary Nick
237
Sylvester
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Millen
Ga.
Toccoa
Ga.
Oxford
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Newnan
Ga.
Newnan
Ga.
Flovilla
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Newberry Richland Savannah Dallas Atlanta Hampton Baxley Atlanta Ameucus Comer East Point Cordele Tignall Valdosta
S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Powder Springs. . . Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Forsyth
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Marfehallville Ga.
LaPlata
Md.
Camilla
Ga.
Douglasville
Ga.
Waycross
Ga.
Swainsboro
Ga.
Greenville
Ga.
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES
Application Number
5626 7522
947 952 3970 7512 7593 2402 4875 2407 3957 7341 1471
Smith, Vesta Josephine Smith, Zuma Zeda Snelling, Paula Spearman, Rosa Spink, Fay Elizabeth Sams, William Christopher Sanders, Henry Sammons, Vernon Shepherd, Ruth Simmons, Laura Kate Simpson, Katherine Baker Singleton, Lee Davis Scott, Wilbur Joel
Demorest
Ga.
Kansas City. . . . Kans.
Pinehurst
Ga.
Dallas
Tex.
Atlanta
Ga.
Dallas
Ga.
Petersburg Tenn.
Decatur
Ga.
Unadilla
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Acworth
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
349 1060 2422 3989 1889 7359 11940 8272 8408 8577 10120
Tanner, Annie Tanner, Melvin, Mrs. Teague, India Thrasher, Ariene Trogdon, Linda W. Tucker, Maneal Trussell, Malvina Turk, Lula Spencer Tones, Arthur R., Mrs. Tedder, Jessie Pearl Thompson, Elizabeth Hardin,
Mrs.
7848 Varnedoe, Clara W., Mrs. 1565 Veal, Julia
Lawrenceville Douglas Madison College Park Greensboro Royston Junction City Cornelia Augusta Dawson Conyers
Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. N. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Claxton
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
5532 Wade, Cora
Reynolds
Ga.
1497 Waggoner, Thos. Reuben
Atlanta
Ga.
1566 Waller, Lorena
College Park
Ga.
7852 Ward, Alma Viola
Sugar Valley
Ga.
2897 Waters, Audley Alevander
Woodcliff
Ga.
1172 Westmoreland, Bessie Sutton Cleveland
Ga.
1567 Wellington, Elizabeth
Atlanta
Ga.
2429 Wells, Sarah Keith
Clifton
Ga.
238
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATES.
Application Number
7943 Whatley, Ruth Flanagan 7858 Wilkerson, Dora Lee 4409 Williams, Elizabeth 5705 Williams, Frances 2957 Wilson, Annie Eulola 4026 Wilson, Mary Ruth 2432 Winkler, Harry 2435 Woods, Margaret Roberta 5543 Woodward, Mabel Frances 2436 Wooten, Annie Saffold 1897 Wrye, William Winford 8170 Wesley, Sarah Lewis 9723 Williamson, Katherine Virginia 9722 Williams, H. T., Mrs. 4021 Whitehurst, Nan Averette 10225 White, Mabel 10536 Williams, R. E., Mrs. 8278 Woodall, James Fletcher 9042 West, Mary Clark 7946 Wilson, Gertrude
Kirkwood Rome Waycross Vienna Dacula Newberry Atlanta Chicago Vienna Washington Savannah Sanford Leesville Lake City Dublin Glenn Collins Woodland Richland College Park
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. 111. Ga. Ga. Ga. N. C. S. C. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
239
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
9899 Agee, J. L., Mrs. 9755 Abercrombie, Ernest Y. 1570 Adams, Edith Robinson 7753 Adams, Minnie A. 3516 Adamson, Beulah M. 7991 Ailing, Annie S. 3524 Anderson, Frances 5948 Ansley, Annie Black 4982 Armstrong, Blanche 3528 Armstrong, Mattie M., Mrs.
117 Arnold, Eva L. 6512 Ashmore, Berta 4944 Austin, J. C, Mrs. 8901 Allen, Julia 8848 Averitt, Nellie Gertrude
Augusta Murrayville Savannah Augusta Atlanta Vinnings Atlanta Americus Cataula Atlanta Devereux Carrollton Flat Rock Covington Statesboro
131 Bailey, G. W., Mrs. 4988 Bainter, Edith E. 6258 Ballew, W. J. 3536 Baumstark, Josephine E. Mrs. 6241 Beall, Mamie E. 4655 Bell, F. C., Mrs. 3823 Bellingrath, Julia Martin 3542 Bennett, H. A., Mrs. 4998 Bennett, Minnie C., Mrs. 1581 Berg, Hilda U. 7175 Best, J. Mary 3549 Bittick, Harriet Ellen 1820 Black, Sarah N. 7868 Blackshear, Jas. A., Mrs. 5648 Blackwell, William J. 5003 Bland, Frances K. 7683 Blanton, Fredonia 3550 Blodgett, Ruth Louise 3553 Bogman, F. S., Mrs.
180 Booth, Mamie Shaw 2694 Bragg, Lula 2450 Bramblett, Arthur
240
Bowdon Daytona Ludville Atlanta Dublin Colquitt Atlanta Atlanta Fitzgerald Savannah Rome Decatur Savannah Atlanta Canton Vidalia Ellijay Atlanta Atlanta Hahira Albany Rabun Gap
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga, GaAla. Ga. Ga-
Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. GaGa. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
3097 Brannon, Ethel 3564 Brasell, Anna 6217 Burgamy, Alma 3573 Bunn, Jettie 4421 Bullock, Fannie Florence 7559 Burroughs, Emily 3572 Burson, Sarah A. 7197 Buzhardt, Gertrude 6518 Byers, Fitzhulee 3575 Byrd, Elizabeth 8230 Bryant, Lillian L. 8808 Bacon, Troy A. 9636 Bradbury, Ellie 10143 Brookshire, Texie, Mrs. 10142 Boylston, Elise Reid 10394 Branson, J. M. 8282 Bales, Mary E.
208 Brooks, Vera 8769 Brock, Ophelia Campbell, Mrs. 9072 Blackshear, Ethel 8809 Barnes, Horace Benton
134 Baile3r, Pauline Lovell 3577 Byrd Rheba 9175 Bleckley, Sam G. 9801 Bodeker, Josie A.
5034 3587 8521 8857 9157
248 9941 11000 3580
243 3579 3582
Chatham Annie Gates, Arthur W. Chastain, Jos. Fletcher Chick, Hattife Rogers, Mrs. Campbell, Anne Belle Campbell, J. R., Mrs. Corbin, Mattie Peck Cameron, Pearl Camp, Margaret Callahan, Norma, Mrs. Camp, Ada F. Campbell, Mae Bessie
241
Powder Springs. . . Ga.
Vidalia
Ga.
Culverton
Ga.
McDonough
Ga.
Rockmart
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Hemp
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Mendes
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Bowman
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
McRae
Ga.
Norcross
Ga.
Middleton
Ga.
Edison
Ga.
McRae
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Mt. Airy
Ga.
Augusta
.Ga.
Commerce
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Box Springs
Ga.
Monroe
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
East Point
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Jacksonville
Fla.
Tallapoosa
Ga.
Winder
Ga.
Tallapoosa
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
7771 Capers, Ruth Clark 3583 Carter, Edna Bush 1594 Carlton, Lucile 10461 Carter, Helen 7200 Carmichael, Willie 4509 Carroll, Minnie Garner, Mrs. 1598 Carter, Inez 3585 Carson, Jessie
262 Chance, Pinkie Mae 3590 Chandler, Lois 4830 Chastain, Jonathan B.
275 Christian, Minnie 1602 Christian, Nettie A. 276 Christian, Peare 5728 Clay, George P. 3597 Clarke, Ethel 284 Clements, Mamie 3600 Cloud, Gertrude, Mrs. 5921 Cobb, Sarah P. 3607 Cofer, Lillie Moye 3610 Collinsworth, Marie 2136 Compton, Eva 1317 Conley, Mabel Emma 3614 Connally, Chas. P., Mrs. 3613 Connally, Annie D. 1610 Cook, Carolyn 5657 Cook, J. S. 2978 Cook, P. W., Mrs. 7409 Cook, Rosa Belle 10399 Corigan, Gertrude 7622 Costello, Mary Louise 1831 Courtney, M. Irene 1320 Co wart, James Allison 3622 Craig, Catherine 5858 Curry, Ethel H., Mrs. 3581 Camp, Nellie 1609 Collins, Martha Edith
242
Augusta Atlanta Savannah Hiram Atlanta Atlanta Pembroke Atlanta Swainsboro Atlanta Mauck Aplharetta Savannah Alpharetta Butts Decatur McRae Atlanta Americus Atlanta Atlanta. .. Jackson East Lake Atlanta Atlanta Savannah Rdchelle Atlanta Milledgeville Atlanta Augusta Savannah Milan Atlanta Shellman West Point Savannah
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Tenn. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
9391 Curry, Cora C, Mrs. 7996 Chastain, Elias J.
31-9 Dame, Lydia B., Mrs. 3173 Darden, Lena 3634 Davidson, Pearl C. Mrs. 7883 DaVitte, Maude Gertrude
324 Davis, Bessie Winn 3632 Davis, Diana D., Mrs. 7414 Davis, Emmie 5658 Denney, W. E. 3257 Dennis, Alice Lee 3638 Dial, Dollie Gresham 3637 Dibble, Camelia Irene 1334 Dickens, Mona C. 3641 Dodd, Babbie C. 3642 Doonan, Margaret Mary 3107 DuBose, Sarah 3649 Dunbar, Adele 3650 Dunlap, Hattie McGehee 1344 Dunn, Bessie Cliare 3651 Dun woody, Bessie Lee 8500 Dixon, Eula L. 8863 Denton, James E. 8815 Dorminy, Mary Lillian 8912 Dillard, Eulah 8501 Dunagan, Jessie Bell 4692 Daniel, Beulah Naomi 10037 DuBose, Louise Moore
8867 9080 4289 5738 8078 2473 1836
368
English, Sara Joseph Edge, Mary Warren Eavenson, Maude Elder, Laura Myrtle Ellington, Katherine Elliott, A. C, Mrs. Elliott, Mary H. Ellison, Dessa
243
Quitman Mauk
Atlanta Carrollton Atlanta Rockmart Lumber City Atlanta Defcatur Franklin Edison Woodstock Atlanta Eastman Atlanta Atlanta Moultrie Newberry Atlanta Waycross Atlanta Quitman Cleveland Fitzgerald Demorest Gainesville Atlanta Moultrie
Dawson Watkinsville Elberton Athens Augusta McDonough Savannah Fairburn
Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
2852 Eve, Edith M., Mrs.
Augusta
Ga.
1640 Exley, Birdie Lee
Savannah
Ga.
9765 Florence, Alberta H., Mrs.
Enigma
Ga.
5994 Field, Horace A., Mrs.
Marietta
Ga.
6530 Fielder, F. L., Mrs.
Grantville
Ga.
7424 Fields, T. A., Mrs.
Hampton
Ga.
1350 Fisher, Louisa M.
Cumming
Ga.
8152 Fielder, Cecile Durban
Augusta
Ga.
1642 Fleming, Julia Theodore, Mrs. Thunderboldt Ga.
3665 Fleming, Nora
Newnan
Ga.
4440 Ford, Laurie
Marietta
Ga.
8000 Foster, C. C, Mrs.
Roswell
Ga.
3674 Foster, Nell
Atlanta
Ga.
3679 Fuller, Annie Mary
Atlanta
Ga.
1355 Fowler, Sudie S., Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
5096 Franklin, Mary L., Mrs.
Adairsville
Ga.
8913 Franks, Mary E.
Rome
Ga.
9202 Fulghum, Nettie Davis, Mrs. Sandersville
Ga.
1653 5745 1654 1361
421 3684 5103 1528 7240 6269 1365
436 1657 4340 1658 7243 5575 5865
Gaillard, Lelia E. Gaines, Blanche Galloway, Vallie A., Mrs. Gammon, Lillie Gardner, Nannie Elizabeth Garner, Marinelle Garner, Mittie Gatins, Nell Gibson, Mattie D., Mrs. Gibson, William A. Gilmer, Lottie Belle Gladden, Nettie Glass, Mary Ellen, Mrs. Glenn, Minnie Lee Gnann, Rhena Goldsby, Carrie Virginia Good, J. E., Mrs. Goodrich, Eleanor Claudia
Savannah
Ga.
Elberton
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Alpharetta
Ga.
Dawson
Ga.
Martin
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Shreveport
La.
Ellijay
Ga.
Gillsville
Ga.
Chatsworth
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
244
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
443 Goodwin, Pearl Estelle
Cartersville
Ga.
1848 Grady, Leona K, Mrs.
Savannah
Ga.
3695 Grant, Elizabeth
Atlanta
Ga.
6048 Geeslin, Beulah
Lumpkin
Ga.
8304 Griggs, Carrie
West Point
Ga.
1660 Goode, Emma Corinne
Savannah
Ga.
2855 Gilder, Jamie
Albany
Ga.
9255 Gardner, Ossie Belle
Oglethorpe
Ga.
9431 Gilberth, Agnes Leland
Cartersville
Ga.
9353 Graham, James M., Mrs.
Rome
Ga.
9949 Grant, Jessie S., Mrs.
Milford
Ga.
10338 Gumm, Cora Eula
Milledgeville
Ga.
3696 Graves, Mary A.
Atlanta
Ga.
1662 Gray, Carrie M.
Savannah
Ga.
5866 Greene, J. O., Mrs.
Augusta
Ga.
4542 Greene, Lillian Andrews
Cartersville
Ga.
5746 Gresham, Josie Maddox, Mrs. Greensboro
Ga.
2857 Griffith, Rita M.
Savannah
Ga.
1666 Gross, Clifford
Savannah
Ga.
467 Gunby, Clara
Columbus
Ga.
3706 Gwyn, Blanche M.
Atlanta
Ga.
8363 5666 8182 3719 8310 9180
474 8735 8650 9768 10581 3180
Happoldt, Eva C.
Cartersville
Harrell, Lois
Doerun
Hartley, Lilyian
Tennille
Hairis, Lucie V.
Atlanta
Harrell, Lura Wallace
West Point
Holland, Mary Hammond
Forsyth
Hall, Bai
Calhoun
Hutchinson, Kate Fountain, Mrs. Adrian
Hinesman, Locie A. Robinson Waycross
Harville, Naomi
Statesboro
Hulsey, Mary
Clermont
Hansard, Mary
Elberton
Harden, Lillian Jackson, Mrs. Atlanta
245
..Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL. ELEMENTARY
Application Number
5582 Hargrove, Ruth 503 Harris, Mary Moore 4482 Harrison, D. C, Mrs. 3721 Harrison, Inda Lillian 7009 Harrison, Mamie L.
708 Harvard, Margaret, Mrs. 3718 Hardwick, Eddie 1672 Heffersman, Genevieve B. 3727 Hendon, Julia Wells 3723 Hein,z, Mamie W. 3725 Henderson, Louise C. 2859 Hendrix, Inez Tucker 3729 Herndon, B. Z., Mrs. 7434 Hayward, Sarah 8154 Higgins, Annie 8004 Higgins, Juanita Carpenter,Mrs. 2495 Hill, R. M. 3421 Huey, Mary 7710 Hobby, Rowena E. 3117 Hodges, Virginia F., Mrs. 8005 Hohner, Mary Frances 3737 Hollinsworth, Lois 2501 Howard, Catherine
562 Hubbard, Fronia B., Mrs. 5927 Hudgins, Florence Albert 5764 Hudson, Winffred 3742 Hunter, Myrtle Lucile 3743 Hurtel, Ida
Milledgevi'lle Cedartown Kite Marietta Augusta Unadilla Atlanta Savannah Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Bright Atlanta Cartersville Columbus Waycross Auburn Riverdale Augusta Dover Augusta Atlanta Columbus Palmetto Rome Ellijay Atlanta Atlanta
1863 Ingalls, Carrie Crane, Mrs.
Savannah
8830 3752
592 593 2138 3425
Jago, T. E., Mrs. James, Sallie Jackson, Katherine Wyman Jameson, Jessie Jinks, Nannie Belle Johnson, Annie
Athens Atlanta. Rome Talbotton Jackson Chickamauga
246
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga, Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga, Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
4353 7645 9610 3427 604 3761 3766 7273
614 3768
617 618 3772 3773 6227 8052 10283 10176
Johnson, Blanche Johnson, Geo. R., Mrs. Joiner, Eula Brown Johnson, Jennie Johnson, Lucy Bryan, Mrs. Johnson, Lula M. Jones, Azile Jones, Bessie Adams, Mrs. Jones, Bodie Jones, Josephine Jones, Mamie M. Jones, Margaret G., Mrs. Jones, Richard P., Mrs. Jones, Ruby Augusta Jordan, Bettie, Mis. Jones, Willie E. Johnson, Antoinette Jones, Connie Elizabeth
8381 634
4569 1410 1694 644 2927 3780 4934
Kaufman, Blanche Kendrick, Minnie Kennett, Alma Ketchum, Julia Killorin, Mary S. King, Grace G. King, Inez King, Kate Kirby, Emery
10069 7580 3789 2810 1698
655 663 1700 1704
Lane, Zulieme Laird, Kate Alsabrook, Mrs. Lampkin, Carrie Lasseter, Mattie Landershine, Carolyn Amanda Landrum, Dorothy, Mrs. Lanier, Walter V., Mrs. Laneau, Isabel Lebey, Julia A.
247
Marshallville Atlanta Vienna Chickamauga Griffin Atlanta Atlanta Eatonton Milan Atlanta Rome Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Harrison Columbus Atlanta Macon
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Tenn. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Zebulon
Ga.
Canton
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Summerville
Ga.
Millen
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Summit Atlanta Kirkwood Vienna Savannah Atlanta Millen Flat Rock Savannah
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. N. C. Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
1705 7036 3795 2811 7460 3126 9743 3804 3443 1547 4744 3810 7967
Lebey, Mary A. Lee, Jesse Lemuel Leiper, Louise F. Lewis, Lois Lewis, Mattie May Littleton, Mary Lucas, Ludie Looney, G. C, Mrs. Love, M. A. Lovett, Rose Mary Lowe, Will, Mrs. Lumpkin, Mary N. Luttrell, P. H., Mrs.
5223 McCallum, Mary Lucy 3445 McClure, Millie A. 10809 McClure, Ida Williams, Mrs. 3127 McCrohan, Anna Marie 3861 McDaniel, Maude 3864 McDonald, Emma Kerrison 3865 McElroy, Clara Belle 3866 McElreath, Naomi Elizabeth
789 McEntire, J. T., Sr. 7652 McKibben, Florrie Lee, Mrs. 4364 McLendon, Elizabeth 9095 McGarity, Carolyn B. 9224 McCall, Maggie 3813 Mackey, Alice May 3814 Madden, Alverne 3815 Marie, Mahoney, Mrs. 5598 Mahoney, Mary Clare 1718 Manaw, Mary W. 1715 Martin, Josephine B. 6283 Martin, L. U., Mrs. 6282 Martin, Louis U. 1870 Martin, Margaret Chand.er 3824 Martin, Mary Pauline
Savannah Portal Atlanta Fayetteville Fayetteville Dalton Waverly Hall Atlanta Demorest Atlanta Roberta Atlanta Columbus
Rochelle Atlanta Cornelia Savannah Atlanta Atlanta Decatur Atlanta Calhoun Columbus Americus Columbus Manassas Atlanta Concord Atlanta Augusta Savannah Savannah Cartecay Cartecay Savannah Atlanta
248
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
4753
706 709 10355 1716 719 1435
Martin, Minnie Lee, Mrs.
Mash, Ellie Mason, Katie Mandeville, Effie, Mrs. Mathews, Irma J. Matthews, Mamie, Mrs. Maxwell, Julia E., Mrs.
1436 Meaders, Lula Kendall 732 Megahee, Blanche
3831 MeGee, Alice 1723 Mendes, Joy 1724 Mendes, Ziprah 2816 Merk, Lillie W., Mrs. 1725 Meyler, Catherine 1872 Miller, Carolyn Edith 1873 Miller, Lillian B. 9335 Morton, Frank E., Mrs. 3836 Mobley, Minnie Maude 5462 Morrow, Rosa D. 1730 Moore, Ethel Emma 1550 Morgan, Agnes 3461 Morgan, Emma Scott, Mrs. 4371 Morgan, Genevieve
5251 Morris, Ethel 3844 Morrow, Mattie 3850 Murray, Stfella 9291 Moore, Arthur, Mrs.
3875 Neil, Lucy S., Mrs. 10832 Noland, Sadie Louise
1876 7730 1735 1738 3887
O'Brien, Ellen M. Ogletree, Martha A. Oliver, Amy S. Oliver, Mattie Etta Orr, Cornelia Agnes
249
Woodland Thomasville Athens Jesup Savannah Cairo Oglethorpe Uni-
versity Gillsville Cairo Decatur Savannah Savannah Atlanta Savannah Savannah Savannah Griffin Social Circle West Point Savannah Atlanta Dawson Americus Talbotton Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
5885 Osterhout, R. D., Mrs. 8833 O'Neal, Susie Jewett
7659 834 833 1743
4868 3892 3893 4769 4869 7921 1749 5609 3900 838 2554 858 4381 862 3139 7315 7077 865 851 10202 8537 8019 7924 877 5799 898 5797 8399 8513 9097 9368
Paden, Minnie Isabella Palmer, Eunice M. Palmet, Martha Lutrell Parker, Kate, Mrs. Parks, Ethel S. Parks, Louise L. Parks, Viola Paschall, Mary Patterson, Elizabeth J. Peacock, Flossie Adelaide Pease, Estelle Peek, Hyer Lucile Pennington, Daisy Perry, Mattie McD., Mrs. Perteet, Birdie Alley Peterson, A. L., Mrs. Pettis, W. M., Mrs. Peiffer, C. V., Mrs. Philpot, Irene Pickard, Claire Pickard, Sarah C. Pickett, Missouri Pierce, Lula B., Mrs. Philips, Jannie Perry Patterson, Tempie V. Pickard, Belle Pipkin, Mary E. Porter, Corinne C, Mrs. Proctor, Janie Mclntyre Pullen, Kathleen Powell, N. C, Mrs. Powell, Addie, Mrs. Poindexter, Nona, Mrs. Penland, Zeb V., Mrs. Pettit, Dora
250
Atlanta
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Waycross
Ga.
Cordele
Ga.
Coleman
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Albany
Ga.
Wiley
Ga.
Marietta
Ga.
Butler
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Ellijay
Ga.
Lawndale
N. C.
Covington
Ga.
Roberta.
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
Mount Olive. ... N. C.
Cuthbert
Ga.
College Park Ga.
Shellman
Ga.
Lincolnton
Ga.
Colquitt
Ga.
Ellijay
Ga.
Crawfordville.... Ga.
Ellijay
Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number 11290 Quillian, Nonie Alice
1881 Rahn, Ruby 910 Rankin, John T., Mrs. 3920 Reagan, Kate 0. 3141 Reeves, Annie F., Mrs. 7505 Reith, Katherine Frances 3922 Reiley, Gertrude D. 8263 Renfroe, Bessie Lou 3926 Rhodes, Maude Aurelia 2559 Ridgeway, E. H., Mrs. 6169 Rigdon, M. L , Mrs 1760 R ley, Romona H. 5693 Rives, Rosa Aline 4782 Robert Mary Phoebe 5505 Robertson, Catherine M. 2823 Robertson, Henrietta M. 3930 Roddy, Helen 8260 Ramsey, Madeline 9713 Reddock, Pearl, Mrs. 946 Ryan, Minnie Lee 8540 Rowland, Wyley E. 4294 Rogers, Edna
4609 3936 4788 1763 5899 8422 1764 6296 4481 3947 3946 ',950 2829 3953 3955
Samp'er, W. W. Sanders, Margaret Saunders, Maniles Schaul, Augusta A., Mrs. Schrameck, Amy Claire Sanborn, J. M., Mrs. Seitz, Henrietta Sellers, Annie B. Sessions, W. L., Mrs. Shannon, Mary Lucile Shamburger, Helen Shepherd, Estelle Shewmake, Mary Harris Shimp, Anna Jarrett Silvey, Eliz&beth
251
Savannah
Savannah Rayle Atlanta Alexander Augusta Atlanta Columbus Atlanta Bethlehem Barnesvi le Savannah "Winder Atlanta Augusta Augusta Atlanta Columbus Montgomery Hawkinsville Calhoun Elberton
Cisco Atlanta Dawson Savannah Augusta Albany Savannah Ellijay Soperton East Point Peachtree Atlanta Augusta Atlanta Atlanta
Ga
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
5312 Simpson, Mary 5510 Sims, Pearl Clara 1029 Singletary, M. R., Mrs. 5901 Skinner, Annie Lois 5902 Skinner, Jane 5807 Smith, Annie Louise 1478 Smith, Eunice Cooper 1045 Smith, Josephine 2571 Smith, James L. 4619 Smith, Lillian Avery, Mrs. 3964 Smith, Lanette F. 6233 Smith, Mattie N., Mrs. 6299 Smith, Vashti L., Mrs.
959 Spullock, Fannie 3967 Spahr, Fanny 3968 Spears, Cola Smith, Mrs.
951 Spears, Laura Edwards, Mrs. 7844 Spier, Lillian 3483 Stansel, Edna Irene 1482 Sterling, Obie Harrell 971 Sterrett, Bessie Josephine 4295 Stevens, M. L., Mrs. 8216 Simmons, Iva May 978 Stoey, Sarah 3976 Stokes, Ann Fannin 5816 Supplee, Annie L., Mrs. 1484 Sutton, Dan T., Mrs. 9448 Stelling, Emma R. 8618 Skeen, Newton 0., Mrs. 8405 Smith, Lula 8373 Smith, Rufus L., Mrs. 8841 Snead, Emmie Terry 9895 Smith, Icie B. 9820 Sego, Annie E. 9837 Schieffelin, Corneille S.
Blackshear Woodbury Unadilla Augusta Augusta Washington Eastman Brunswick Clayton Adrian Atlanta Tennille Ball Ground Rome Atlanta Atlanta Ball Ground Atlanta Valdosta Eastman LaGrange Elberton Ellijay Thompson Madison Covington Tifton Augusta Palmetto Reidsville Jackson Newnan Winder Heph'zibah Augusta
252
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
10215
10370 10373 10525 5898
Smith, Kate Milikin, Mrs.
Sears, Morine Simpson, Eula Lee Sims, Viva Sams, Louis Reeves, Mrs.
6300 Tarpley, George W. 2421 Taylor, Frankie 2669 Taylor, Vanda C. 4297 Teasley, L. A., Mrs. 3982 Terry, Jessie 3985 Thomas, Harriett H. 8027 Thomson, Sarah 1791 Thompson, Mrs. E. L. 3988 Thompson, Margaret 3336 Thompson, Maude D., Mrs. 3390 Thrasher, Birdie 3991 Thrasher, Fannie 7937 Todd, Beulah 4807 Tolbert, Nettie Ola 1089 Towns, Ruby Winter, Mrs. 1095 Truelove, Laura P. 3998 Trueluck, Williams, Mrs. 8342 Terrill, Genie 8343 Terrill, Helen E. 8345 Tignor, Mary 4000 Tucker, Blossom 4001 Tuggle, Ruth Ashley 3341 Turener, Daisy Lee, Mrs. 3995 Tillman, Janette 4003 Tutwiler, Ethel 1107 Twitty, James D. 9034 Tennille, Estelle 9321 Tipton, Alice Delaine
7940 Underwood, Lucile K.
4809 Vance, Rosa May 1116 Veal, Mary Josephine
253
Jesup Atlanta. Milledgeville Ousley Atlanta
Padena Atlanta Hillsboro Elberton Atlanta Atlanta Columbus Savannah Atlanta Ty Ty Atlanta Atlanta Augusta Maysville Winterville Murrayville Atlanta Lumpkin Lumpkin Columbus Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Gainesville Macon Sylvester
Savannah
Cedartown Rome
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga.
Ga. Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
4006 Wade, Andrew Lee, Mrs. 3498 Walden, Ada R., Mrs. 2140 Waldrop, Bessie 1797 Walker, Edith Isabel 4007 Walker, May A. 1891 Walsh, Joanna E. 1892 Walsh, Kate A. 6444 Warnock, Esther 8092 Waters, Daisy B., Mrs. 3500 Waters, Eunice T., Mrs. 1145 Wash, Cullie J. 5637 Watson, Izora, Mrs. 7113 Watts, Dollie McLain 3502 Weaver, J. W. 1164 Webb, Anna, Mrs. 9898 Weems, Carrie, Mrs. 1159 Weatherly, Pearl 8761 Welch, James Fulsom, Mrs. 4012 Webster, Margie L. 7'671 Weigle, Marion E. 4013 Wells, Lucile 4014 West, Ada 10903 West, Ola B. 1179 White, Flossie 4883 White, Emily Pournelle 2876 Whitehead, Anne E. 1185 Whiting, Chas. G. 6025 Wilkes, Annie D. 1896 Wilkerson, William R.
1202 Williams, John Rutherford 4024 Williamson, Mae Rebecca 4298 Willis, Willie 2608 Wills, Audrey 1195 Wills, Osie 1994 Wilson, James B. 2834 Wilson, Winnie Davis
254
Decatur
Ga.
Augus'ta
Ga.
Flovilla
, .Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Millen
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Omega
Ga.
Calhoun
Ga.
Ocilla
Ga.
Adrian
Ga.
Athene
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta........ Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Cornelia
Ga.
Barnesville
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Vienna
Ga.
Seville
Ga.
Oak Park
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Colquitt
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Elberton
Ga.
Winder
Ga.
Winder
Ga.
Summit
Ga.
Madison
Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
4413 1236 1813 1814 6617 9272 8805 9417 9866
Windsor, Martha Peel Wyly, Madeline John Wynn, Helen G. Wynn, Lula St. Clair Williams, Ellen Patterson Waters, Ruth Wasdin, Jessie Cone, Mrs. Watson, Annie Latimer Williams, Ephie Augusta
1815 Yonge, Elizabeth L.
7865 Youngblood, Mamie A.
1247 Zant, Beulah 1248 Zetterour, Sallie I. 1816 Zittrower, Marion E.
Atlanta Rome Savannah Savannah Baxley Gillsville Macon Columbus Atlanta
Wilmington Island
Augusta
Cairo Statesboro Savannah
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga.
25")
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL.
Application Number
4979 3352 5946 3522 2440 4301 3523 4480 1254 7163 3529 8766 9632 10598 10230
Adams, Fannie Becton Adams, J. W., Mrs. Aderhold, Kittie Huie, Mrs. Albright, T. D., Mrs. Allen, Jno. T., Mrs. Allen, Daisy Alley, Irene Allison, Annie E. Anderson, Frances Blackwell Ashford, Sue Leak, Mrs. Atchison, Mary, Mrs. Adams, Jennie Holt, Mrs. Aldred, William Roberts Anderson, Eylau Joyce Albright, Minnie Butler, Mrs.
Murfreesboro. .. Tenn.
Watkinsville
Ga.
College Park. Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Athens
Ga;
Dawson
Ga.
Carters ville.
Ga.
Cleveland
-Ga.
Boatwick.
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Nashville
Tenn.
Macon
Ga.
Graymont
Ga.
Summit..
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
2619 Brahe, Marie L.
Augusta
Ga.
3566 Brenner, Gussie Mathilde
Atlanta
Ga.
7185 Brinkley, Inez
Warrenton...
Ga.
1286 Brinson, Fred Arthur
Millon
Ga.
4318 Brown, Annie Hope Moore, Mrs.Ft. Valley
Ga.
2966 Brown, Laura
Royston.....
Ga.
1293 Bruce. Amy Wesley, Mrs.
Lithonia
Ga.
5721 Brumby, Annie
Cedartown
Ga.
221 Bryan, Charlotte
Atlanta....
Ga.
8074 Bryan, Linda Lee, Mrs.
Covington
Ga.
7873 Bryan, Mabel L., Mrs.
Columbus
Ga.
232 Burch, Ruth R.
Thomasville
Ga.
2324 Burtchaell, Mattie A.
Atlanta
Ga.
5967 Burtz, Lollie Belle
Ellijay
Ga.
8229 Bruce, Mercer
Norwood
Ga.
8175 Blackwell, Jas. D.
Cleveland
Ga.
4502 Brown, Louise
Tennille
Ga.
5023 Byrd, Vina, Mrs.
Athens
Ga.
8145 Beard, Jjessie Frances
Columbus
Ga.
141 Barnes, Blanche
Marietta
Ga.
1516 Barnes, Lottie L.
Atlanta
Ga.
1266 Barnwell, Annie S.
Atlanta
Ga.
256
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL.
Application Number .
2315 Battle, Susie H. 149 Baxter, Carfax
4307 Bean, Henry Charles 2883 Beasley, Sallie 4054 Bedingfield, Flora A. 7174 Bell, Georgia Rheney, Mrs. 3543 Bennett, Pearl Isadore 3544 Berman, Jo
168 Berry, Mary McChesney 5957 Billups, Ella Foster 3556 Bittick, Sara Omera 3548 Black, Osborne I., Mrs. 5918 Blackburn, Louisa Mason
174 Blackburn, Stella F., Mrs. 1757 Blackwell, W. J., Mrs. 3559 Bornmeyer, Johanna
188 Bowles, Velma 1823 Boyd, Allene 7392 Boyd, Lena Godby, Mrs. 4828 Boyett, Norma Teel, Mrs.
8582 Bacon, Joe 8175 Blackwell, Jas. E. 8289 Brittian, Lois May 8290 Brown, Myrtice 8176 Buchan, Lizzie D.
Atlanta..
Ga.
Suwanee
Ga.
Bainbridge
Ga.
Statesboro
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Atlanta - Ga.
Atlanta...
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Atlanta....
Ga.
Bessemer--
Ala.
Adrian
-Ga.
Maysville
-Ga.
Greenville.
S. C.
Columbus
Ga.
Cookville
Tenn.
Augusta
Ga.
Morris Station ...Ga.
Reidsville
...Ga.
Cleveland
....Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Waycross.--
Ga.
Hawkinsville
Ga.
8849 Bannister, L. A., Mrs. 162 Bennett, Claude R,
8174 Bennett, Annie Newton
Meigs
Ga.
Sylvania
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
8940 Bird, Sarah Hinton 8941 Blackwell, Dempsey J. 8939 Bird, Lena Maye
Athens
Ga.
Clermont
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
8902 Bartch, Mabel Abernathy, Mrs.
Jas. B.
Augusta
Ga.
9550 Brinson, Alice Harwood, Mrs. Dublin
Ga.
10246 Branch, Elizabeth Virginia
Atlanta..
Ga.
257
LIFE .PROFESSIONAL NORMAL.
Application Number
10567 10453 10350 10738
4873 7379 2532 1514
137 138 139 4491 3534
Benton, Elizabeth Caldwell, Mrs. Atlanta
Blood worth, Jennie Akers
Atlanta
Byram, Louise
Atlanta
Bullard, J. H.
Fitzgerald
Baggs, Calla Odum
Augusta
Bagwell, Effie Lou
Alpharetta
Bagwell, Nettie Lou
Atlanta
Baker, Edna
Atlanta
Ballard, Edna
Dublin
Ballard, Lizzie Cordelia
Monticello
Ballard, W. E., Mrs.
Monticello
Bankston, Hortense Reid, Mrs. Zebulon
Barker, Mary Cornelia
Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. -Ga.
1825 7767 7688 3578
246 7770
251 4286 5851
256 257 3101 2459 3591 5726 7954 5037 2783 2784 7615 3372 285 8431
Cabaniss, Lila M. Cadwell, W. W., Mrs. Callaway, Ida Lou Callaway, Sarah E. Camp, Vida Campbell, Annie E. Cargill, Mary Lou Carlton, Zora Carpenter, Ida M., Mrs. Carswell, Willie Kate Carter, Seleta Caudill, W. H. Capel, Louella Cox Chapman, Annie Chapman, Lehman Charlton, Lucile Chestnut, Lois Clark, Annie B. Clarke, Rose J. Cleckley, E. J., Mrs. Clement, J. M. Clement, Sabrella J. Camp, Blanche
258
Savannah
Ga.
LaGrange
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Villa Rica
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Winder
Ga.
Elberton
Ga.
Nelson
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Dallas
Ga.
Tifton
Ga.
Mountain City. Ga.
Lithonia
Ga.
Lithonia
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Augusta
....Ga.
Mineral Bluff ...Ga.
Pelham
Ga.
Dallas
Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL.
Application Number
8459 Collins, Mary B. 8294 Clarke, Ethel 8948 Carr, Eleanor, Mrs. 8907 Callaway, Lila Ragan . 8908 Clement, Leona D., Mrs. 9347 Cantrell, Thomas V. 9327 Clark, Ruth 9390 Cox, Winona Smith 9524 Coleman, Robert T. 9553 Cheves, Oreola 10147 Collins, M. D. 10473 Cox, Will Ella L., Mrs. 10742 Campbell, Myrtle Jewell 10747 Colvin, Winnie Woods, Mrs. 4671 Cantrell, Ethyl 1606 Close, Mary Lou 1607 Close, N. B. Forrest 7878 Cobb, Sarah Maude 8040 Cochran, F. L. 1315 Colvin, O. D., Mrs. 7955 Compton, Nannie Byrom 4325 Cook, Annie Houze, Mrs.
307 Comwell, Ada E. 3619 Cowen. Mayme 5561 Cowart, Elva 5424 Cox, Nina Pearl 5830 Cox, S. M., Mrs. 2893 Craig, Daisy Williams 3254 Crawford, C. H., Mrs. 1832 Cubbedge, Elsie Alma 5563 Cumming, Maude
3379 318 2625 3629 7624 323
Dally, Clara Dalton, E. M. Daniel, Robt. Ector Dargan, Jennie Davidson, W. B., Mrs. Davis, Annie Josephine
259
Columbus Columbus Macon Rayle Willanow-.. Cleveland Macon. Moultrie Young Harris Columbus Fairburn Waycross Lawrenceville Atlanta Rome Savannah... Savannah Villa Rica Blue Ridge Atlanta Monroe Roswell..-- Monticello Louisville Bronwood Ashburn Gainesville Lawrenceville Madison Savannah Griffin
Jersey Alto Hogansville.. Atlanta.... Sale City. Meigs
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. -Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ..Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ky. Ga. Ga. Ga. -Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
NORMAL.
Application Number
1326 Davis, Grace, Mrs. 329 Deal, Lillie Z., Mrs. 332 Deas, Carolyn Lee 3830 DeMedices, Margaret Ann 338 Dickens, Fay Gill, Mrs. 7134 Dickey, Jas- Frederick 1335 Dodge, Isabel Dimbreck, Mrs. 2345 Duffee, Nona 3648 Dugas, Byrnina Eugenia 4330 Dorset, Ella C. 8593 Downs, Katie 2472 Duncan, Marguerite T. 9177 Day, Lonnie
10038 Durrence, Ida 9252 Davis, Clara Izetta 11241 Dudley, J. B., Mrs. 9597 Donahue, May
Garfield
Ga.
Statesboro...
Ga.
Marietta... ...Ga.
Atlanta....
Ga.
Sparta....
......Ga.
Musella
Ga.
Tallapoosa .....Ga.
Atlanta
......Ga.
Atlanta
......Ga.
Ridge Spring... ....S. C.
Watkinsville..... Ga.
Ft. Valley
Ga.
Gainesville ......Ga.
Manassas.-
Ga.
Irwinton... ......Ga.
Marietta.
..Ga.
Macon.
Ga.
9646 3863 6095 7222 2474
372 1346 7884 8957 8868
Eadie, R. D., Mrs. Ector, Neola McDavid, Mrs. Edmondson, Elizabeth Edwards, Chas. H. Emory, Walter, Mrs. English, Mary Hunter, Mrs. Ennis, Ernest P. Evans, Sallie Fanny Ellis, Lila H., Mrs. Ewing, Corrie Heath, Mrs.
Brunswick... Atlanta Temple Cleveland La Grange Pelham. Atlanta Columbus Atlanta Atlanta
. ..Ga. Ga.
.......Ga. Ga.
.......Ga. .......Ga.
Ga. Ha. Ga. Ga.
1838 Falligant, Louise Strong 5860 Fant, Bessie 3657 Faver, Kate R.
390 Ferguson, Lamar 4924 Field, Julia Pinkerton, Mrs. 3660 Field, Minnie A.
394 Fite, Mary Minerva 3667 Floersch, Lena
Savannah Atlanta Marietta.... Lavonia. Dalton. Atlanta Calhoun Atlanta
Ga. ..Ga.
Ga. - Ga.
Ga. .Ga. .....Ga.
Ga.
60
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL.
Application Number
2348 1650 3678 7229 402 2904 4538 1645 5924 8524 8821 8959 4843 9732 9557
Fletcher, Rosa Leigh Furse, Margaret Walton Flynn, Lillian R. Foreman, Marion Forth, Ruth Bartlett, Mrs. Fortney, Jesse L. Foster, William Thomas Fraser, Adelaide W. Fraser, Laura M. Fox, Susie McDonald, Mrs. Fuller, Lola Tune Foster, Sarah Bull, Mrs. Flanagan, W. I., Mrs. Freeman, Lena Franklin, Mrs. Farr, Lucille Burdick
10548 10407
1648 1843 1649 2346 4704
Fields, Myrtis Flynt, Annie Rebecca Frizzelle, Walton Parker Furrer, Marie M. Furse, Julia C. Fallon, Harold j) Fincher, Elizabeth
7959 3682 3685 3686
429 1529 5441 2720 3690 2631 442 446 1847 3694 1533 1851
Gaissert, Jbhnie Galway, E. H., Mrs. Garner, Maude Garnett, Ella Brady, Mrs. Gerdine, Mary Elizabeth Gibbs, Elsie Gilbert, J, Weaver, Mrs. Gillen, F. A., Mrs. Ginn, Jane DeVol Gladden, Mary Telula Golightly, Lois G, Mrs. Gould, Ada Belle Grady, Kate Claire Graham, Lorena Grant, Violet B. Gray, Chas. Milton
261
Forsyth Savannah Atlanta PavoSaint Clair.
Ga. Ga. Ga. .....Ga. Ga.
Vidette Rockmart.. Hinesville Flemington Columbus Columbus Atlanta Athens Blakely Brunswick-- Montezuma LaGrange Savannah. Savannah... Savannah Oshkosh Waleska
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. -Ga. Ga. -Ga. -.Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Wis. Ga.
Sparta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Athens Atlanta Atlanta Watkinsville McKeesport Chatsworth
:..Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga. .Ga.
--Ga. Ga. Pa. Ga.
Union City.-- Fainesville Savannah Atlanta Atlanta.. Savannah
Ala. Ga. ..Ga. -Ga. Ga. Ga.
----t^^^^m
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL.
Application Number
8301 9119 8239 9854 1850 3272 1367 11174 4542
Graham, Lora Harris, Mrs Gewirmer, Hazel Greene, Annie Claire Green, Willomette Gray, Florence L., Mrs. Greene, Annie M., Mrs. Glenn, Ruby Bertha Gurr, Helen Giles, Mrs. Greene, Lillian Andrews
Ringgold Macon Milledgeville Washington Savannah LaFayette Columbus Dawson Carters ville
GaGa. .....Ga. .....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
8597 Hardaway, Lillie May
Dublin
Ga.
8598 Hewett, Hiram P.
Talbotton
Ga.
8601 Holt, Terrell Hall
Macon
Ga.
8600 Holt, Mamie Louise
Macon
Ga.
8653 Howard, Rosa Lee
Dublin
.... Ga.
532 Hickman, Anna, Mrs.
Rome
Ga.
8730 Hiers, Annie Bailey, Mrs.
Barney...
Ga.
*
9086 Haynes, Rosaline Amelia
Macon
Ga.
9057 Henry, Katherine
Summerville
Ga.
1862 Hughes, Eva Raymond
Savannah
Ga.
9499 Hargrave, Mary Russell
Thomas ville.... Ga.
3712 Hardee, W. T., Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
9735 Hall, Ethel
Irwinton
Ga.
9736 Harris, Alma Louise
Brunswick.
Ga.
4547 Hancock, John Alton
Morrison
Ga.
10777 Hawkins, Ruth Bacon, Mrs.
Atlanta....
Ga.
9876 Hains, Dorothy
Augusta
Ga.
8208 Harris, Bessie Bruce
Albany
Ga.
3731 Hicks, Cleophas
Atlanta
Ga.
3733 Hill, Ethel Bee
Atlanta
....Ga.
2358 Hill, May
Atlanta
Ga.
540 Hodnett, Alice C.
Atlanta
..Ga.
2221 Holder, Mary F.
Atlanta
Ga.
545 Holloway, Jno. R.
Alpharetta
Ga.
1393 Holmes, Altie Belle, Mrs.
Decatur
Ga.
8048 Holt, Hazel Hartwell
Macon
Ga.
1398 Hoover, Sue Ellen, Mrs.
Columbus
.....Ga.
3121 Hope, Hazel
Jonesboro
Ga.
262
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL
Application Number
3739 Hope, Nan 3740 Houk, Lura L.
556 Houseal, Lucy Young 559 Howard, Jno. C. 1539 Hudson, Frances Beach 567 Huffaker, Williams E. 569 Hughes, Louise Katherine 568 Hughes, L. W., Mrs. 4730 Humphries, Hallic M. 2727 Hunt, Georgia Marie 7448 Hunt, Ora 7963 Hunter, F. J., Mrs. 578 Huson, Waverly Jodelle 5673 Hutcheson, Maude G., Mrs. 2985 Hartsfield, Linnie K. 3707 Haddock, Lelia May 3708 Hale, Mary 5127 Ham, W. E., Mrs. 482 Hancock, Bertha May 502 Harris, Lula 8082 Harris, Mary C, Mrs. 4551 Harris, S. K. 5867 Hauser, Beulah 3804 Hawkes, W. D., Mrs. 7897 Hawkins, Nannie 516 Hawkins, Sallie 3722 Haygood, Martha T. 4299 Heard, Margaret Melissa 3726 Henderson, Sarah Perry 5455 Hendricks, Minnie Sue 2800 Herring, P. H., Mrs.
586 Ivey, Laurie Walton 5872 Ivey, Benita
5765 596
2730
Jackson, Jesse Williams Jenkins, Bessie Jernigan, A. E., Mrs.
263
Jonesboro Atlanta Cedartown Quartz Atlanta Cohutta. Statesboro Brooklet Sylvania Marietta..... Calhoun Decatur Atlanta.. Marietta Moultrie Athens... Atlanta Atlanta Athens Rome Cataula Kingston College Park Palmetto Gainesville Gainesville Atlanta Elberton Atlanta Rockmart Atlanta..
Ga. ..Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Gz. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Boston Augusta
Ga. - Ga.
Cartersville
Ga.
Chipley
Ga.
Mayfield
Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL.
Application Number
2222 Jernigan, Reba 1543 Jeter, William Lamar 5177 Jbhns, May Graham, Mrs. 5469 Johnson, Elliece
605 Johnson, Minton H. 3762 Johnston, Blanche Neva
608 Johnston, Isabel, Mrs.
616 Jones, Lula 3124 Jbnes, Mary Elizabeth 3770 Jbnes, Mary Lavinia 2992 Jones, Malcolm B., Mrs. 8391 Johnson, Anna Kate 8695 Jeter, Carolyn Virginia 8921 Jones, Elizabeth 8923 Jones, Mamie Walton 9017 Jones, Claude Ross, Mrs. 8657 Jenkins, Nellie Hogge, Mrs. 9563 Jones, Charles F., Mrs. 9654 J'enkins, Orie Rebecca 9609 Jackson, Kathryne Pierce 10917 JTackson, Blanche C. 4355 Jones, Mattie R., Mrs. 4567 Jones, Ola Hicks, Mrs. 8248 Jarrett, A. Knox 8249 Jphnson, Joan 8391 Johnson, Anna Kate
594 Janes, Wm. 3763 Jolly, Catherine Wilhelnia
7809 8968 9089 9219 9567 9740 2641 3777 5193
Kalmon, Stella Kemph, Clebe Merze Kendall, Etta Lumsden Kemp, Chester Daniel, Mrs. Kilgore, Mattie F. Keith, Alice Kahrs, Bertha L. Kendrick, Margaret C. Kerr, M. Katherine
C4
Decatur
Ga.
Atlanta-
Ga.
Washington
..Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Ringgold
Ga.
Lumpkin
Ga.
Trenton
Ga.
New Holland Ga.
Decatur...
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Quitman
Ga.
Augusta --- Ga.
Atlanta
- Ga.
Macon
- Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Macon
-Ga.
Columbus
-Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
Dawson
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Atlanta
- Ga.
Elberton
Ga.
Summit.
- Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Cedartown
.Ga.
Atlanta
- Ga.
Albany
Ga.
Americus
-Ga.
Macon.... -- Ga.
Douglasville
Ga.
Villa Rica
Ga.
Canton
- Ga.
Augusta_
Ga.
Atlanta .....' --Ga.
Albany
Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL.
ipplica tion ^umbe r
2520 641 1411 1544 4447 6279 1545 3782 3784 5928 2736
Kilgore, Aline Kilgore, Ida May Kilpatrick, Mary R., Mrs. Kimberly, Lucas O. Kimble, Thomas P. King, Olive King, Paul King, Rosa May Kinnard, Ruth Kitchens, Julia Porter, Mrs. Knox, Raymond Irvine
Winder.....
Ga.
Winder
Ga.
Forsyth
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Garfield
Ga.
Hazlehurst
...Ga.
Stone Mountain Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Newnan
Ga.
Danville
Ga.
Jackson
Ga.
3790 Lampkin, Marion 3791 Landman, Willie Maud 1866 Lanier, Clyde 1414 Lawrence, Drew Pearson 3793 Lazarus, Corrie B. 7718 Letford, Mary B. 1418 Leverette, Fannie Lee 3796 Lewis, Annie May 2372 Linch, Myrtle 3800 Lindsey, Edna Erie 3439 Linkous, Lou Estelle Barbei
674 Linkous, Thomas Trigg 7038 Lively, Emily Mattie 3803 Long, Sally G. 3806 Lovett, Lina M. 3444 Lowe, Frances Kathleen 2374 Lowe, Jessie Hardeman 5775 Lowe, W. C. 8320 Ledbetter, Frances 8319 Lange, Johanna W. 8465 Lanier Katherine 8509 Lott, Virginia D.
265
Atlanta Macon. Savannah Montezuma.. Atlanta Waycross Eatonton Atlanta... Atlanta Arlanta Decatur Decatur Statesboro Atlanta Atlanta Augusta Atlanta Atlanta Pelham Columbus Savannah Columbus
Ga. Ga. Ga. -Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL.
Application Number
9222 Lam, Charles 0. 10799 Lacey, Ruby Richard, Mrs. 10801 Law, Claude
8395 McGee, Mattie George 8662 McLain, Naomi Wells 10073 McBryde, E. Taylor 10290 McGinnis, Eula Leona 2375 McAdams, Josie Hall 1425 McElheney, C. J., Mrs. 2653 McElmurry, Kate W., Mrs. 3868 McGee, Annie Lee 4750 McWhorter, Sarah May 5879 McWilliams, Arvella 1709 McCarty, Anna Loretta 3000 McCord, Annie Lou 1867 McCreery, Jas. W.
787 McDonalds, Mary B., Mrs. 8253 McDorman, Leola P. 2497 McGarity, C. B., Mrs.
689 Maddox, Rosa Eliza 1713 Majors, Ada T., Mrs. 697 Martin, Annie Hall, Mrs. 4360 Martin, Claude Alberta
707 Mason, Emily Eliaabeth 1433 Masseling, Henrietta 3826 Massengale, Ethel L. 3301 Massengale, Mande 1434 Massey, Freddie 3827 Maughon, Minnie L. 4754 Meacham, Thos. Henry 2381 Melton, Nell Lawson 2533 Merritt, Lucy Hunt
735 Merritt, Nannie 7728 Meyer, Marie M. 7654 Middlemas, Bessie 7655 Middlemas, Lillian 7480 Mills, Bennie
66
Dallas Atlanta Gainesville
Chipley Marietta Oak Hill Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Alexander Acworth Winder Quitman Savannah Jackson Savannah Atlanta Athens Dallas..... Athens Savannah Arnolds ville Adairsville Athens Atlanta Atlanta Norwood Commerce Social Circle
Ingleside Atlanta... Cairo Sparta Augusta Waycross Waycross Washington
-Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. -Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ..Ga. Ga. ..Ga. .....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. -Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. D. C.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL.
Application Number
740 Mitchell, Carrie Orr 7483 Mitchell, Essie 5681 Mithchell, Lizzie Rebecca 8056 Mitchell, Lillian 3835 Mitchell, R. M., Mrs. 3633 Mobley, Rowena Dividdie 2537 Moonaugh, Maude Evans 5600 Monroe, D. H., Mrs. 2650 Moore, Annie DeVall 1731 Moore, Lida Holloway 3839 Moore, Pearl
766 Moseley, Lillie Whatley, Mrs. 768 Moses, Maybelle 3135 Murchison, Charles S. 1188 Meyer, Elise A. 745 Moncrief, Wilbur Edythe 8609 Maffett, Rosa Elizabeth 8396 Meredith, Lizzie Wade, Mrs. 3302 Mathes, Cora Clarke, Mrs. 8930 Meiere, Pattie Lorine 8447 Morse, Lucille Watson, Mrs. 8745 Methvin, Bertha D., Mrs. 9405 Mitchell, Mary Edward 9970 Moore, Marie Murphey, Mrs. 3003 Minter, H. G., Mrs. 10076 Mangham, Mary B.
8665 1449 2865 7487 3877 7586 3880 3881 3882 1451
Nelson, J. P. Nail, C. C, Mrs. Neel, Daisy Bryan Nelms, Bert Nelson, Virginia Beale, Mrs. Nichols, Ellen H. Mrs. Noble, Frances Gwynn Noel, Mamie Borders Nolan, Lucile Nunn, W. N.
Sycamore
Ga.
Lake Worth .....Fla.
Zebulon
..,, Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Atlanta..
Ga.
Atlanta - ....Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Emerson
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Vidalia
Ga.
Augusta.
Ga.
Hogansville
Ga.
Montezuma
Ga.
Punta Gorda Fla.
Jonesboro
Ga.
Atlanta...
....Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Jeffersonville
Ga.
Tallapoosa
Ga.
Nunez.
Ga.
Siloam
Ga.
Sylvester
....Ga.
Oglethrope
Ga.
Luthersville
Ga.
Thomasville
Ga.
Hartwell
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Anniston
Ala.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Buford
Ga.
267
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL.
Application Number
5260 5884 1877 3888 1740 2387 7587 8666
Ogburn Melissa Oliver, Avice Olmstead, Florence Orr, Dorothy Orr, Minnie Felder Overby, Mamie Fife, Mrs. Otwell, Annie Callaway Owings, A. F., Mrs.
837 Parks, Frances Addie 1454 Parks, Marie Guyton 5268 Patman, Annie 5269 Patman, Clyde 4464 Patton, William Chas. 2658 Perkins, Bertie E., Mrs. 3902 Perry, Bessie Baldwin, Mrs. 3903 Pew, Bessie Harvey 5888 Phillips, Irma 3904 Phillips, Nell 2223 Pollard, Gertrude 1460 Poston, As. Leslie
881 Potts, Maude Allen 3909 Pounds, Edna Katherine 4873 Pournelle, Martha Wilde 4872 Pournelle, Mamie Clementine 7661 Powell, Ralph O. 1461 Power, Charles Geiger 5889 Powers, Mary Belle, Mrs. 8538 Prentiss, Julia Corinne 9025 Perkins, Eunice Ross 9187 Purks, Annie 9711 Powell, Louise 9747 Peek, Lula, Mrs. 10002 Purcell, Burrell Demry 4467 Price, Willie M., Mrs. 3913 Pritchard, Emma V. 2659 Pritchard, Elizabeth P.
895 Proctor, Gertrude
268
Reynolds Augusta Savannah Atlanta Savannah Atlanta Augusta Columbus
...Ga. Ga.
..Ga. .....Ga. --Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga.
Lithonia Atlanta Athens. Athens Ludowici..Binghampton Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Cuthbert Atlanta Cobbville Young Harris Atlanta Augusta... Augusta McDonough Roswell Oglethorpe Fitzgerald Macon Greensboro Monticello Elberton Jesup Dexter Atlanta Augusta Wrights ville
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ..Ga. N. Y. .....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .....Ga. Ga. .....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ...Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL.
Application Number
5282 10837 10839 10840
Pruett, Stella Mary Parrish, Ethel E. Patterson, Nellie T., Mrs. Peeples, Bertha
1880 Rabun, Louetta 911 Ratchford, Oma 2397 Rawls, Kate Culpepper, Mrs. 7976 Reese, Sadie 2822 Reeves, Lillian Walker 1883 Reddy, Marie Eliaabeth 920 Reynolds, J. D., Mrs. 3925 Rhodes, Adeline 3143 Richardson, Evelina E. 3927 Ricketson, Annie 8088 Ridley, G. Ben 3321 Roberts, Calvin A. 928 Robertson, Henry B., Mrs. 4975 Rogers, Annie D. 3931 Rogers, Eula 936 Rooker, Dora 938 Rowell, Minnie W. 3013 Rushing, L. Adolphus 8089 Russell, Lillian Baxter 8262 Renfroe, Annie Mae 8539 Roberts, Maude J. 8615 Russell, Delia 8837 Rice, Jessie M. 8980 Russell, Mary O.. 9188 Rowan, Florence K. 9339 Roberts, Elizabeth 9537 Ramsey, Ranna 9139 Ridley, Buena V. Brooks, Mrs 10296 Rayfield, Lillian G., Mrs.
Conyers
Ga.
Cairo...
Ga.
Cordele
Ga.
Lawrenceville Ga.
Savannah Bartow Atlanta Blythe Barnesville Savannah Marietta Atlanta Decatur Atlanta Zebulon Dallas Cartersville Chamblee Atlanta Murf reesboro Rome..... Manassas.. Hogansville Columbus Bowman Cedartown Macon Atlanta '. Cartersville Warwick Dixie Zebulon Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ..Ga. Ga. .....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Tenn. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. -Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
997 Sale, Ruth 3938 Scarlett, Meta Ho.t
Columbus
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
269
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL.
Application Number
1008 Scott, Leda Slaton, Mrs.
Pelham
Ga.
3941 Scully, Gussie
Atlanta
Ga.
4387 Seay, Agnes
Reynolds
Ga.
3325 Seckinger, F. D., Mrs.
Guyton
Ga.
3942 Senkbeil, Anna E.
Atlanta
Ga.
1559 Shanks, Ellis C.
Atlanta
- Ta.
1021 Shaw, Minnie A.
Adel
Ga.
3479 Shuler, Benj. Frank
Ponder
Ga.
3948 Shaw, Opal Taylor
Atlanta
Ga.
1886 Sieg, Maria A.
Savannah
Ga.
7338 Siler, Jessie Clark, Mrs.
Dawsonville
Ga.
3480 Simnas, Mary H.
Cave Spring
Ga.
2224 Simpson, Azile
Atlanta
Ga.
3956 Simpson, Belle
Atlanta
- Ga.
1560 Simpson, Ludie
Norcross
Ga.
3205 Simpson, Ruby Armede
Americus
Ga.
4391 Slade, Katie D.
Carrollton
Ga.
1
8334 Shockley, Vena Vernell
Apalachee - Ga.
1035 Smith, A. Davison
Columbus
..Ga.
8218 Smith, A. W., Mrs.
Alpharetta
Ga.
3960 Smith, Bertie B.
Atlanta
Ga.
.1
2750 Smith, Jno. W.
Unadilla.
Ga".
2572 Smith, Laura
Flovilla
Ga.
2751 Smith, Margaret M.
Locust Grove Ga.
8091 Smith, Nellie J., Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
8486 Sharpe, Annie Lane, Mrs.
Rockyford
Ga.
8677 Strong, M. L.
Valdosta
Ga.
8797 Sherwood, Martha E.
Macon
Ga.
11
8798 Sims, Audrey W., Mrs. 9464 Scott, G. P.
Valdosta Omega
Ga. - -Ga.
9622 Simmons, M. A., Mrs.
Decatur - Ga.
9373 Snow, Mae Sherman, Mrs.
Lumpkin
Ga.
I
9671 Sutton, May Belle Anderson Mrs.Pelham
-
Ga.
9716 Speight, Clifford
LaGrange
Ga.
9717 Speight, Lila H.
LaGrange
Ga.
9719 Stewart, David A.
Ashburn
Ga.
ll
270
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL.
Application Number
9750 5302 8889 10867 10216 8166 1773 6202 3959 1774 7094 1776 7527 3972 5520 7528 5905 1481
973 4296 3333
981 1784 5630 3489
Smith, Jewell
Manchester
Ga.
Self, Mary Louise
Cornelia
.Ga.
Stovall, Allie
Bogart.
Ga.
Smith, Mary L. D., Mrs.
Atlanta
...Ga.
Smith, Lottie Louise
Macon
Ga.
Stallings, Lila
Brunswick
Ga.
Smith, Nina C.
Savannah ...-. Ga.
Smith, Thos. Allison
Lavonia.
.Ga.
Smillie, Ella W.
Atlanta
Ga.
Snowden, Merle
Savannah
Ga.
Spence, Emily Toy
Albany
Ga.
Spring, Clara Belle L.
Savannah
Ga.
Stafford, C. L.
Opelika
Ala.
Standard, Mary
Atlanta
Ga.
Starr, Lois Love, Mrs.
Greensboro
Ga.
Stealey, Clara Blanche
Augusta
Ga.
Steele, Bernice E., Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
Steinheimer, Addie
Atlanta
Ga.
Stewart, Kate J.
Columbus
Ga.
Stillwell, Laura M.
Elberton
Ga.
Stovall, Lena
Bogart..
Ga.
Stovall, Sarah
Lavonia
Ga.
Strong, Xatherine Hartridge, Mrs.Savannah
Ga.
Stychomb, Drewry D.
Athens
Ga.
Sutton, J'no. W.
Cedartown
Ga.
5524 2874 1563 3987 4630 1487 3994 8489
Tarver, Akander B. Taylor, Jno. L. Taylor, May Thomas, Margaret C, Mrs. Thompson, Flora C, Mrs. Thompson, Mildred DuPont Thornton, Eva Looney, Mrs. Ticknor, Daisy E.
Augusta Talbotton Atlanta... Atlanta Buckhead Atlanta College Park Columbus
Ga. ..Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ca. Ga. ....Ga.
271
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL.
Application Number
1087 3999 1097 1101 1494 1108 5910 9102 9103 9672
8911 10125
1117 7850 4005
7361 7363 7364 8030 8543 4403 1131 1140 1498 1143 4009 1156 973 1893 4010 2954 1169 1894 4407 2601 7857
Towers, Mary Norton Tuck, Sarah E. Tucker, Elize Odum Tuggle, Juliet Turnbull, Elizabeth J., Mrs. Tyler, Nell Ellen Tyus, Mattie Toole, Lila E. Toole, Ruth Esther Trammell, Annie Corinne
Rome..Atlanta Conyers LaGrange Toccoa Norman Park Barnesville Macon Macon Shilo
Upshaw, Ruth Summerous, Mrs. Alpharetta
Usher, Floy Virginia
Sylvania
Venable, Myrtle C. Von der Lieth, Irene Vonderau, Fannie Brown, Mrs.
Trough Augusta Atlanta
Wade, Lucy A. Wallace, Clara Miriam Wallace, Frances Cecelia Walker, C. N., Mrs. Wallace, Marian Wall, Louise Wall, Swinney, Mrs. Ware, Nicholas E. Warnock, C. A. Warnock, Lennie Watson, Ella J. Watt, Elizabeth Cope Mills Watkins, Vera Esther Wayne, Mary Wright Webb, Josie Weeks, Mary Osterman, Mrs. Wertz, Marie Wheat, Zilpha D., Mrs. Wheatly, Martha Crawford Wheeler, Sarah P. Wicker, Isabel
Midville Augusta Augusta Mt. Vemon Forsyth
Milledgeville McRae Thompson Register Rockingham Atlanta Griffin
Thomasville Savannah Atlanta Harlem Thomasville Columbia Americus... Clayton Bainbridge
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga.
S. C. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. ..Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. :....Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. -Ky. Ga. Ga. Ga.
272
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL.
Application Number
1186 Wicks, Emma 4022 Wike, Kate 0., Mrs. 2606 Williams, Clara Hunter, Mrs. 7945 Williams, Ina 2676 Williams, Joel C. 2431 Williams, Nannie May 1203 Williams, Rochelle L, Mrs. 3507 Williams, Samuel Oscar 5538 Willis, Clyde 5943 Willis, E. G., Mrs. 5831 Willis, Jno. L., Mrs. 2959 Winston, Unice Norsely, Mrs. 5944 Womack, William Thomas 4029 Wood, Laura Glenn 4031 Woodfin, Belle 1233 Wright, Clifford W. 3159 Wright, Mae Margaret, Mrs. 4035 Worm, Lillie 4036 Wyon, Evelyn Lucile 8806 Williams, Jno. W. 8763 Williams, Margaret W. 8990 Wallis, Pearle 9069 Ware, Geo. H., Mrs. 9040 Watson, Maude M. 9674 Warren, Annie Slaton, Mrs. 9675 White, Nora C, Mrs. 9865 Weigle, Mary Ruth 9897 Weathers, Estelle 9243 Wilder, Georgia E. 9980 Wilkinson, Emma 10128 Wicker, Nan Butler 10620 Womble, Annie Fryer, Mrs. 3456 Washington, Alice Maynard 7122 Wimberly, Alice 3348 Wisdom, Tom
8376 Wood, Marie Estes
Covington.--
Ga.
Atlanta
-Ga.
Ocilla
Ga.
Columbus
.Ga.
Milltown.....
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Sylvania
--Ga.
Greensboro
Ga.
Cusseta
Ga.
Wrightsville
Ga.
West Point
Ga.
Millen
Ga.
Atlanta -- Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Wartburg
Tenn.
Glen wood
Ga.
Atlanta
--Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Braselton
Ga.
Akron
Ga.
Cumming
Ba.
Dudley
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Murray ville
Ga.
Murphy ......N. C.
Augusta
Ga.
Rome-
....Ga
Decatur
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Montezuma
Ga.
Fitzgerald
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Bainbridge
-Ga.
Chipley
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
4039 Young, Irene 7678 Young, Olivia
Thompson
Ga.
Goodwater
Ala.
273
LIFE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE. Application Number
4980 Adams, Henry R. 2439 Adams, Hubert Kenneth 2774 Adams, James Wesley 3518 Adamson, Mary Russell
128 Ayers, J. I. 8222 Allen, Daisy 9342 Adams, Ethel Alice 10009 Asbury, Blanche
Woodberry
Ga.
Royston
Ga.
Dewey Rose
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Rome
- Ga.
Demorest
Ga.
Crawford ville Ga.
1515 Baldridge, G. Bruce 2614 Ballard, Virginia 1264 Barlow, Emmett Lee 2316 Beardsley, Emily Cichester " 4653 Beck, Willie Rabun 4495 Bennett, Ulric Joseph 7756 Berry, James Robert 1273 Betts, Clarence Edward 7176 Bickers, Bessie Mae 3094 Blackwell, Reuben Lee 2618 Boftgs, Katherine 7682 Beck, Cora McLeod 5403 Blakeley, Warren Andrew 2318 Bolton, Maude 2319 Booker, Carrie 2448 Bonner, Mary Ethel 1822 Bowden, Haygood S. 1284 Brewton, Robt. Benj. 7633 Bright, Clara Florence 5409 Brock, Bonnie 1520 Brown, W. S. 1292 Brown, William Salem
286 Bryan, Clement Sidney 224 Bryan, Elleanor Claude, Mrs. 226 Bryan, Nellie 7190 Bryan, Susie W. 7191 Bryant, Annie M. W. 7193 Buckner, Mercedes T. 2393 Bullock, Louise Printup, Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta - Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Waycross
...Ga.
Fitzgerald
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Calhoun
Ga.
Augusta.-- - Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Eldorado
Ga.
Tignall
Ga.
Atlanta-
Ga.
Washington D. C.
Savannah
Ga.
Tignall-
Ga.
Atlanta
--- Ga.
Jefferson-
Ga.
Dublin
Ga.
Atlanta , Ga.
Griffin-
- Ga.
Greensboro-
Ga.
Griffin.....
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Athens
-Ga.
Augusta.
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
274
LIFE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE.
Application Number
8099 8495 8996 9305 9382 10023 10018 9381 11919
Belk, Mary Byrd, Mrs. Braddy, Minton V. Bell, Allie Brown, Claude Vinson Bradford, Frank P. Browne, Lula Hobbs Blackwell, Mamie Boo ton, Bassie Brooks, Mary Bacon
2326 Carlton, Frances Burch 253 Carmichael, Mary Louise
5850 Carpenter, Clyde M. 4320 Carraker, H. B., Mrs. 4321 Carraker, Homer Beck 4673 Carswell, Lilla Jones, Mrs. 7202 Carson, Chas. Columbus 5652 Chalker, Chas. C. 1303 Chaney, Wyley Owen
277 Christian, M. May 2327 Christie, Annie Mae 2329 Claflin, Sue Esther 280 Clark, Addison Bowman 3375 Collier, Fannie, Mrs. 3376 Collier, Jos. M. 5557 Colquitt, Maude 4684 Conger, Mary Elizabeth 5656 Cook, Judson Mathew
305 Cordle, Chas. Guy 3623 Crowder, Mary 2334 Culver, Marshal Lews 2335 Cunningham, Adelaide Louise 2707 Collins, Annie L.
1313 9200 9803 10255
Collins, Alice Leverett, Mrs. Callaway, Iris Copeland, Harrett D. Cooper, Ina Elbin
275
Columbus
Ga.
Butler.
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga,
Union City
-Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Tuscaloosa
Ala.
New Market... Ala.
Marshallville ....Ga.
Milledgeville
Ga.
College Park Statesboro Nelson.. Dublin Dublin Waycross Demorest Watkinsville Atlanta Atlanta Decatur Atlanta Lavonia Atlanta Atlanta College Park Athens Bowden Atlanta Durand Atlanta Atlanta Camilla
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
Lexington
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Athens
..Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE.
Application Number
8151 Darden, Virginia Estelle 2337 Davidson, Beulah 2340 Dempsey, Ernestine May 1332 Dendy, William Erakine
1333 2342
345 347 4955 350 353 1343 357 5075 9555 9556 3639
Dennard, Dudley Sanford Dent, Wilbur Tillett Dixon, Patty Dozier, Katherine Douglas, Stella B. Duffy, Agnes Duggan, Sarah Mell Duncan, Jas. Archibald Dyer, Alice Dyar, Norman Vester Drane, Luella Davis Drane, William E. Dickson, Ella
Sparta Atlanta Atlanta Oglethorpe
University College Park Atlanta Woodbury Gainesville Norcross Morrow Clayton Savannah Adairsville Cornelia... Columbus Columbus Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga.
...Ga. ..Ga. Ga.
Ga. ....Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. ..Ga. Ga. Ga.
11929 Ellington, Edith 5435 Elrod, Luther F. 10405 England, Anne
Thomson
Ga.
Jefferson
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
9081 7425 391 393 1351 1327 2629 3395 4959 9688 9054
Ford, Pratt R. Findley, Agnes S., Mis. Finger, Lucy Agnes Fite, Flora Flanigan, Jas. C Fletcher, Nancy Jane Flowers, B. Edgar Freeman, L. O. Freeman, Virginia Mary Flisch, Julia A. Foster, Margaret Byrom
Bowman
Ga.
Macon. . :
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Cartersville
Ga.
Lawrenceville Ga.
Parrott
Ga.
Baconton
Ga.
College Park Ga.
Senoia
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Carrollton
Ga.
2350 Gamble, Oscar, Mrs. 1844 Gaines, Ira Julian
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
276
LIFE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE
Application Number
1845 Galloway, William Frances 2351 Gantt, Jno. Mayo 1362 Gardner, Stella 2341 Garrett, LaVerne 2482 Garvin, Sarah Frances 7790 Gearin, George J. 3688 Gilliland, Hattie King 1531 Golden, Ward Beecher
445 Goss, Flora Mary 5664 Gray, Mary Rat 1 iff 1534 Green, Mary 5576 Greene, F. M. 4714 Green, Louis 2353 Gregg, Emma 1852 Griffith, Jas. Walter 1535 Griffin, Alfred Perry 2354 Griffin, Jas. Henry, Jr. 7249 Guerner, Hattie Curry
469 Gurr, Hattie Clark 9560 Griffith, Willian Gaither
4927 Hackney, Sarah 3276 Hall, Robt. Green 4928 Hamilton, Maude 486 Harden, Lillie 7641 Harris, Kate Robson, Mrs. 2357 Hawkins, Geo. A. 2722 Head, Nancy 7013 Hicks, Edward Carlyle 4929 Hill, Margaret H., Mrs.
537 Hilsman, Pattie 5870 Hobbs, Jno. U. 1857 Hodge, Bertha Cunningham 7260 Hogan, Elsie Kumrine 4557 Holmes, Samuel H.
546 Holsenbeck, Wm. Morgan 2359 Horn, Anna Belle
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Locust Grove Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Clinton
S. C.
Byromville
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
College Park
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Cochran
Ga.
Grayson
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
Stone Mountain. . Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
LaFayette Cuthbert Dalton Rome Cave Spring Atlanta Atlanta Monterey Dalton Athens Little York Savannah Atlanta Decatur Winder Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Tenn. Ga. Ga. Ind. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
277
LIFE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE
Application Number
555 1861 4930 3423
577 9914
Horton, Thos. Jefferson Howard, Julian Cooper Huff, Mattie Lee Hunter, H. Reid Huson, Mary Bob Hogan, Jennie
3748 Irvin, Chloe 9059 Ivey, Loeonora Isabelle
McDonough
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Dalton
Ga.
Stone Mountain... Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Agnes
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Boston
Ga.
1255 2990 1542 3765 3287 2365 8186 1689 8831
Jackson, William Anderson Jelks, Lillie Jernigan, Lelia Terrell Jones, Agnes Lynn Jones, Eva L Johnson, Annie Louise Johnson, Bessie Lou Johnson, 0. W. Johnston, Mary L.
1691 7276 3783 9611 5473 10065
Kelley, James A. Kennon, Allie Kingsberry, Lula LaRoche Kendrick, Leila Burk Kimsey, Leonard C. Kendrick, Thomas Clarence
9332 Lance, Thomas Jackson 2369 Laboon, Brandt 4741 Langston, Jno. C. 2522 Lawrence, Jno. L. 5207 Lawson, Herby L. 5208 Lawson, Ulysses A. ' 670 Leonard, Ella Parker 2524 Lester, Lucy 1420 Lewis, Joe Sid 3798 Lin, Mary 8696 Linton, Wiche W. 7461 Little, Claudia Elizabeth
278
Atlanta
Ga.
Hawkinsville. . ..Ga.
Decatur
Ga.
At'anta
Ga.
Whiteburg
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Oglethorpe
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Macon
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
McRae
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Cornelia
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Waynesboro Monroe Springfield Milledgeville Gainesville Geiger Atlanta Thomasville Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Jesup
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ca. Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE
Application Number
2373 8157 3809
675 7909 3294 10556 10185
Little, Robt. Cowles Lord, Jos. McCurry Lowe, Elizabeth F., Mrs. Lowry, J. A. Luke, Edna Howell, Mrs. Lutes, Jacob M. Lanier, William Rufus Lazenby, Annie Mae
1869 3817 3454 2376
705 9777
599 718 2378 2380 7050 . 7729 5242 1441 5789 2382 764 2742 2383 5932 9406 799 803 2544 3854 8972 9267 9183
Magone, Sarah Louise Mann, Allie Belle Markey, G. H. Martin Rene J. Martin, Wm. Parks Milner, Lillie Miller, Augustus G. Matthews, Emmie Maybelle Mathison, Louise Melson, Ida Evelyn Melson, Marion Maxwell Might, Geo. Willard Miller, Stephen Grady Mitchell, William Edmond Mize, Leila, Mrs. Moore, Mary Courtney Morton, Mildred Muldrow, Joseph Frances Muse, Jessie Moore, James Cleveland Morse, Ezra Minor McLean, Mary B.. Mrs. McNeil, Clyde K., Mrs. McCluney, Jos. Franklin McCorkle, Ruby McLendon, Dollie McDonald, Lucy A. McKee, Henry Grady
Atlanta Atlanta College Park Swainsboro Macon Collins Sparta Harlem
Atlanta Atlanta Crawfordville Atlanta Dublin LaGrange Waycross Talbotton Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Young Harris Atlanta Commerce Atlanta Rome Commerce Atlanta Nashville Columbus Atlanta Arlington Milledgevjlle Atlanta Atlanta McDonough Ellen wood
279
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE
App cation Number
2385 Nace, Albert Franklin 1448 Nail, Christopher C. 3878 Newport, Ellie Dunlap, Mrs. 9921 Newton, Hessie Walton
2386 Oliver, Eleanor Ma thews 1739 Orr, Gustavus J.
8700 Pope, Elizabeth, Mrs. 8834 Pate, Minnie McPherson 2820 Page, Annie Mary 839 Parker, Lurline 8022 Purks, John Edwin 845 Patterson, Weldon M. 7314 Paullin, Jennie S. 2390 Peacock, Wesley 1878 Percell, Nina Odessa 8018 Perry, Ethel 861 Phillips, Aristus Jackson 2555 Phinaree, T. H., Mrs. 2394 Pierce, Lillian M. 869 Pitts, Mamie Louise 2391 Platt, Jas. Newton 9294 Phillips, Maude 1554 Pollock, Amelia S., Mrs. 9293 Patton, Bessie 9781 Parham, Marie 9619 Phillips, Middleton Monroe
Atlanta
Ga.
Luthersville
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Oliver
Ga.
Elberton
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Wilsonville Albany Henderson Fairburn Cedartown Doraville College Park Atlanta Atlanta Ellijay Cuthbert Forsyth Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Quitman Atlanta Atlanta Nashville Savannah
Ala Ga. N. C. Ga Ga. Ga Ga. Ga. Ga Ga.' Ga. Ga.' Ga Ga Ga Ga. Ga Ga Tenn Ga
5497 Quigg, Byard Fowler
Rome
Ga.
9578 10433 10205 7327
Rogers, Elizabeth Neal Rourke, Agnes C. Rion, Annie Belle Ray, Annie Lelia
280
Zebulon
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Murfreesboro.. .Tenn.
College Park Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE
Application Number
1464 2437
917 916 1556 924 5894 2401 942
Ray, Bruce Reeves, Willie R. Reese, H. S., Jr., Mrs. Reid, William Dennis Richardson, Margaret May Riddle, Louise C, Mrs. Rogers, L. Oliver Rosser, Paul Rushin, Myrtle
5925 Sanberg, Lucy Goodman 2405 Saxon, Lizzie Belle 3939 Schord, Anna Cherry 1627 Simpson, Fay Willoughby 4615 Sinclair, Pattie Lucile 2410 Slaton, Martha Lee 1561 Slaughter, Thos. Adrian 4616 Smith, Alice Olga 2411 Smith, J. H. 2872 Smith, Lola Lou 2412 Smith, Herbert Orlando 7932 Solomon, Janie T. 7933 Solomon, Maggie A. 2415 Souter, Shelton 3969 Spencer, Martha Walker 3975 Stakely, Howard, Mrs. 2416 Stakely, Sallie
963 Stanton, Thos. Austin 5519 Starr, J. Marvin 2578 Strong, Ormond B. 4804 Suddeth, Robt. O'Neal 7352 Summer, Carroll Alva 4978 Sutton, Samuel Gunn 1887 Swayne, Henry G. 3935 Samuel, Katie Jones
281
Clarksville
Ga.
Johnson City . .. Tenn.
East Point
Ga.
Eatonton
Ga.
Woodville
Miss.
Davisboro
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Buena Vista
Ga.
Atlanta Moultrie Ft. Lawn Pickens Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Hawkinsville Atlanta College Park Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Dunellon Atlanta College Park College Park Alamo Newnan Savannah Marietta Atlanta Hoschton
Savannah Atlanta
Ga. Ga. S. C. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE
Application Number
4622 8393 8981 9235 8884 9237 9319 10112
Stephen, Amos Mock Shaffer, Ernest E. Sammons, Mary Singleton, Gordon G. Smith, Minnie Stubbs, Chas. Oscar Sizemore, Julian Jesse Smith, Daniel Baker
Toccoa
Ga.
Phoenix City Ala.
Gray
Ga.
New York
N. Y.
Conyers
Ga.
Lawrenceville Ga.
Barwick
Ga.
Red Springs . . .. N. C.
8474 9542 10123 7846 5335 1079 8707 9512
Trammell, Olin B. Tilson, William J., Mrs. Turner, Elizabeth Estelle Tait, Carlotta Stewart, Mrs Thompson, Ethel Thompson, Lillian Tresler, G. C. Tuggle, Mary T., Mrs.
Columbus Decatur Spartanburg Camden Calhoun Calhoun Salisbury LaGrange
Ga. Ga. S. C. Ala. Ga. Ga. N. C. Ga.
2951 Underwood, John L., Mrs.
Morganton
Ga.
5699 Vaughan, Clara Estelle
LaGrange
Ga.
5825 Vaughan, Mary Louise
LaGrange
Ga.
5941 Vaughan, Temperance H.
Atlanta
Ga.
1496 Waddill, Grace N., Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
2425 Ward, Chas. S. 7366 Ware, Nannie F.
Atlanta
Ga.
Lincolnton
Ga.
7670 Weathers, J. S.
Cairo
Ga.
2428 Weaver, DeWitt T.
Atlanta
Ga.
2430 Wesley, Rusha
Atlanta
Ga.
2225 Wesley, Emma
Atlanta
Ga.
2603 Wilkinson, Alice Beckham
Pelham
Ga.
1569 Wilson, Hannah B.
Atlanta
Ga.
8275 Wilkinson, T. H.
Pelham
Ga.
1215 Windsor, D. W.
Hampton
Ga.
1218 Winn, Annie Maria
Savannah
Ga.
10130 Winters, Annie Byers, Mrs.
Gainesville
Ga.
10133 Woods, Ada G.
Augusta
Ga.
5542 Wisdom, Lula, Mi's.
Chipley
Ga.
282
LIFE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE
Application Number
2433 7947 2226 1510 2434 7987 10385 9514 1512
Wise, Annie T., Mrs. Wise, J. T. Wood, Rose Woodward, Paul S. Woolf, Lucy Ethel Woodson, A. R. Wilson, Viola Ward, Mollie Sims, Mrs Woolard, Alice Evelyn
2963 Yader, J. Linden 1243 Young, Emma Kate
Atlanta
Ga.
Baldwin
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Stockbridge
Ga.
Jonesburg
Mo.
Carrollton
Ga.
Willacoochee
Ga.
Moultrie
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
283
Application Number
SPECIAL
7165 10230 9195 3514
Ashley, Jessie H. Albright, Minnie B. Alleyn, James Andrew Acosta, Halcot Roberts, Mrs.
10242 Bell, Pauline 10313 Bellah, Lona Star
7766 Butt, Jessie T. 10240 Bell, Lewis Charles 10142 Boylston, Elise Reid 10567 Benton, Elizabeth C, Mrs.
9983 Brisendine, Thelma Carolyn 5415 Butler, Anile 7190 Bryan, Susie W. 8767 Bobo, Florine 4422 Bunkley, Isabel 9454 Bragg, Lillian Chaplin 2312 Baker, Elizabeth L. 2457 Burton, Vivan E.
150 Bazemore, John Alfred 1819 Babcock, Perry E.
8037 Clapp, Helen 8687 Cross, Hortense 8909 Cloud, Esther Eugenia 8950 Carroll, Julia Sewell, Mrs. 10029 Colvin, Winnie Estelle 9848 Clark, Marcia A. 1311 Coile, Benjamin I. 1523 Castell, Barney Parks 7778 Cole, Ola Belle 10470 Correll, W. B.
258 Cates, Thelma 1825 Cabaniss, Lila Marguerite 7562 Con, Howell Boatwright 7613 Cantrell, Lano 7772 Carmichael, Margaret
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Garrison
Tex.
Stockbridge
Ga.
Mitchellville. . ..Tenn.
Woodhull
111.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Lilly
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Cedartown
Ga.
Brunswick
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Hillsboro
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta Westminster Rock Hill Decatur Atlanta Augusta Ingleside Atlanta Parrott Atlanta Tifton Savannah Atlanta LaGrange Moreland
Ga. S. C. S. C.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
284
Application Number
SPECIAL
8178 Davenport, Iris Smythe 9643 Dorsey, Nell Allen, Mrs.
10150 7415 1329 9873 3830
Dale, Leona M. H. Denning, William V. Davis, R. H., Mrs. DeMars, Clarence J. De Medicis, Margaret Anne
7632 Eve, Sarah Garland 1636 Ellis, Alice M. 1526 Enloe, Nell Howard
1359 Funke, Lawrence Sidney 1646 Fraser, Rae Lawson 2346 Fallon, Harold J.
4291 2484 2350 5708 1360 8544 10050 1851 7795
Gaines, Ina George, Ida Jewel Gamble, Oscar, Mrs. Garnett, May Young Geartner, Marion A. Gilbert, Esther Granaghan, Grace, Mrs. Gray, Charles Milton Griffin, Luther Alfred
9951 2073 5135 1376 1855 1858 1854 5456 9957 10172
Halbert, Leah Dorothy Hubbard, Ruth Anna Harris, Alice Pope Haney, Geo. F. Hancock, Hazel Mae Holt, Sallie Garrett Hayes, Mary Merrell Holcomb, Joseph Hughes, Loyd H. Huson, Frances Brownie
9059 Ivey, Leonora Isabella 1863 Ingalls, Carrie Crane
285
Fitzgerald
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Wedower
Ala.
Atlanta Savannah Oshkosh
Ga. Ga. Wis.
Dewey Rose
Ga.
Lee Pope
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Fordsville
Ga.
Oglethorpe Univ.. Ga.
Jonesboro
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Gibson
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Forsyth
Ga.
Elbeiton
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
McLeansvijle....N. C.
Kershaw
S. C.
Atlanta
Ga.
Dawsonville
Ga.
Covington
Ga.
Boston
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
SPECIAL
Application Number
604 Johnson, Lucy Bryan, Mrs. 2076 Jamerson, Thehna C. 9654 Jenkins, Orie Rebecca
644 2368
633 7810
King, Grace G. King, Myrtle E. Kemp, Nina Maddox, Mrs. Kantzer, Emily Louise
2998 Loyd, Elizabeth Gregg, Mrs. 10801 Law, Claude
1415 Lawson, Roy E. 3793 LaZarus, Corrie B. 1414 Lawrence, Drew Pearson 4935 Longley, Evelyn P. 2996 Land, C. W., Mrs. 7580 Laird, Kate Alsabrook 10417 Lathem, Loie Elizabeth 8552 Langford, Vick L. 10798 Lankford, Ruby
1713 Majors, Ada T., Mrs. 2377 Matthews, Sue Mildred 7054 Morrison, Rosalind B. 7297 Maves, Lawrence C. 8396 Meredith, Lizzie Wade, Mrs. 1723 Mendes, Joy 10088 Murrell, Ora Howard 10421 Meeks, Frank T. 7478 Methvin, Annie Florence 10613 Mills, Alvyna Marie 4590 McLendon, 0. H. 3445 McClure, Millie A. 8926 McMillian, Harriette 1868 McTyre, Annie May
1551 Neal, Cornelia Mayfield, Mrs.
9780 Osborne, Alma Celestia 10512 Owen, Allen E.
286
Griffin
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Dawson
Ga.
Summerville
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Ashburn
Ga.
Peru
Ind.
Atlanta Gainesville Atlanta Atlanta Montezuma Dalton Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Portage Paris
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Wis. Tenn.
Savannah
Ga.
Griffin
Ga.
Mclntosh
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Rome
Ga.
Savannah;
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Anderson
S. C.
Georgetown
Ga.
Ely
Minn.
Moultrie
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Bartow
Ga.
Savannah. .......Ga.
College Park
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Columbus
Ga.
Application Number
SPECIAL
1555 2550 7922 8086 8751 1456 9295 9574 2395 10846 10514
Preston, Mary Florence Pate, Lide Pearson, Elizabeth Poole, Robt., Jr., Mrs. Parker, Helen M. Peacock, Augustus T. Poe, Linton J. Powell, Rex Aurelius Peete, Anne Cole Philips, Beulah Edna Parker, H. J., Mrs.
2396 Quattlebaum, Harrold H.
10617 10520 10856 10519 2397 10432
1557 10856 7832 1465 5895
Rudolph, Edwin L. Rogers, Lucile Rice, Adeline Sherman Rivers, Bernice Marie Rawls, Kate Culpepper Robinson, W. P. Roberts, Emily Rice, Adelin Sherman Robinson, Isabel Swain Ringsmith, Paul Andrew Rohrer, Helen A.
971 1559 2406 4472 1485 1481 8674 1054 8754 9862 10109 10106
Sterrett, Bessie Josephine Shanks, Ellis C. Scott, N. 0. Shelor, Susie Sutton, Ed. L. Steinheimer, Addie Simonton, Martha Smith, Thomas Lefeaux Shepard, Ethel Smith, Jesse Guy Shoup, Harry J. Shaeffer, Glenn W.
287
Atlanta Unadilla Mobile Abbeville Faiiburn Atlanta Atlanta Columbus Atlanta Atlanta Baxley
Atlanta
Atlanta Tunnel Hill Terre Haute Valdosta Atlanta Columbus Mobile Terre Haute Atlanta Wakefield Greer
LaGrange Atlanta Atlanta Dublin Claikston Atlanta Greenville Atlanta Gretna Atlanta Danielsville Balaton
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ind. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ind. Ga. Mich. S. C.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Minn.
Application Number
SPECIAL
8135 10219 10436 8134 9861 10107
Smith, Ella B. Syfan, Linda Smith, Katherine Salisbury, Gladys B. Schilling, Margaret Hale Shoudy, Harold J.
....Ga
Gainesville. . . . ...Ga
Atlanta
. ...Ga
Columbus . . .. Ga
Parkersburg. . W. Va
Delanson
..N. Y
10531 3018 1078 7603 1108 4402 5633
Twitty, Mary Thorpe, Lorena V. Thompson, Sallie Frank Thompson, Alice Tyler, Nell Ellen Tribble, Olga Thompson, Marjorie
Norcross
. . .. Ga
Savannah.... ...Ga
.. .Ga
Swainsboro. . . ....Ga
Norman Park. . . .. Ga
Lavonia
....Ga
Swainsboro ....Ga
1794 Varnedoe, Janie A., Mrs. 10564 Vass, Thomas D.
Savannah.... . . . . Ga Munfordville ....Kv
10619 9797 9721 7943 1568 4813 2764 4812 1509
Wier, William S.
Atlanta
. . . . Ga
Wilkerson, May Isabel
Rome
....Ga
Willingham, Arnot Dawney, Mrs Savannah.... ....Ga
Whatley, Ruth F.
Kirkwood . . . . ....Ga
Williams, Florence
...Ark
Ward, Benton D.
Rome
....Ga
Winslow, V. Tinnie
Atlanta
....Ga
Ward, B. D., Mrs.'
Rome
....Ga
Witt, John D.
Atlanta
. ...Ga
288
NEGROES
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-C CLASS
Application Number
10642 10465 8434 10330 10415
8660 8925 11044 8876 8515 9241 9240
Bryant, Lula M. Coles, Maudie Mae Collins, Walter Clinton Dixon, Lobertia McCutchen Ingram, Leo Lee, Dovie Lissimore, William Henry Phillips, Hattie L. McElhannon, Bessie Mae Tolbert, Chas. H. Wilcher, Delia Wilcher, Ina
Swainsboro. . .. ...Ga.
Ocean Springs. .Miss.
Locust Grove.. ... Ga.
LaGrange
...Ga.
...Ga.
New Brocton.. ..Ala.
Valdosta
...Ga.
Americus
...Ga.
Winder
...Ga.
Rockmart
...Ga.
Davisboro
... Ga.
Ga.
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-B CLASS
8998 4503 9488 10604 8871 9769 8693 9220 10066 10189 8929 9225 9620 10110 9756 8542 9172
Betner, Rosa Pearl Brown, Mina Belle Butler, Elizabeth T. Dix, Dezzie C. Gauther, Henry G. Hill, Rebecca B. B. Jackson, Mattie L. D. Kimpson, Mazena Walker Knighton, Lilla V. Malsby, Geo. William Maxwell, Annie L. Merritt, Nannie Ruth Porch, John W. Simlins, Alene D. Thomas, Aria Elizabeth Varnadoe, Terrassee Woodard, Mary E.
Whigham Madison Savannah LaGrange Logansville Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Dawson Stillmore Americus Gainesville Calhoun Savannah Macon Florence Griffin
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga.
289
NEGROES
PRLVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
2682 Abraham, John A. 9841 Adams, Annie Mae 9192 Adams, Emma Lee 10228 Adams, Rinnie Mae 5389 Alexander, Dorothy L. 10008 Allen, Lucile B. 4043 Anderson, Mary Louise 7162 Appling, Nettie 9942 Archer, Anna Courtney 8035 Ashmore, Bishop Lane 4886 Atkinson, Joseph P. 4887 Atkinson, Lucile May 9756 Atkinson, Susie 10010 At water, Gertrude"
Adfel Griffin Cartersville Quitman Elbeiton Blackville Atlanta Jackson Atlanta Appling Everett City Everett City Griffin Brunswick
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga.
11533 Bailey, Wilma C.
Albany
Ga.
7866 Baker, Rebecca A.
Cairo
Ga.
8097 Baker, Solomon
Cairo
Ga.
4888 Baldwin, Olive E.
Brunswick
Ga.
1576 Banks, Florence H.
Savannah
Ga.
140 Banks, Mary T. M.
Rome
Ga.
2615 Barber, Ruth R.
Jackson
Ga.
142 Barnes, Mary Aslee
Stockbridge
Ga.
9198 Barnes, Mary F.
Newnan
Ga.
11549 Barnett, Willie Hue
Ft. Valley
Ga.
7385 Battey, Elise Corinne
Augusta
Ga.
7386 Battey, Ruth E.
Augusta
Ga.
8426 Baxley, Waiterse T.
Girard
Ga.
4654 Beckham, Mable Frances
Atlanta
Ga.
'
2964 Belcher, Nathaniel B.
Gainesville
Ga.
4889 Bell, Charles D.
Watkinsville
Ga.
4890 Bell, Lillie V.
Forsyth
Ga.
9452 Bell, Willie Pressley
Waycross
Ga.
10016 Benford, Mattie Belle
Macon
Ga.
1582 Bing, Louise
Savannah
Ga.
7390 Bivins, S. E. Johnson
Greenville
Miss.
290
NEGROES
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
8146 8101 8285
184 4891 1585 8427 10247 7397 9249 7187 9497 4892 5965 2887 5920 9934 10320 8360 8946 4072 4073 8429 1590 9936 10027 4832 2967 5416
Black, Ganelle Blackwellj Paul Julian Blayton, Jesse Bee Boswell, Marie E. Bowen, Pearly Lee Boxx, Virginia E. Boyd, Anna Mabel Brinkley, Vandella Victoria Briscoe, Willie Mae Brittian, S. Mae Dye Brooks, Lucile McGhee Broughton, Isham W. Brown, Albertha L. Brown, Esfella Brown, Ida Moore Brown, William Brunson, Bertha Brunson, Hattie J. Bryant, Lizzie B. S. Brydie, Mattie Helen Burch, Inez Mabel Burkley, Minnie Etta E. Burns, Jennie V. M. Burns, Mary E. F. Burroughs, Viola Elifeabeth Butler, Claudine L. Butler, Emmett E. Butler, Folia Elvera Butler, Magnolene
Thomasville Elberton Atlanta Atlanta Montezuma Savannah Albany Augusta Augusta Winder Augusta Atlanta Newington Whigham Macon Decatur Americus Macon Vienna Athens Mitchell Atlanta Gainesville Savannah Brunswick Waycross Macon Jefferson Jefferson
9680 Caldwell, Adella S. 7199 Calhoun, Jessie Laura 5417 Cameron, Lilly 8383 Campbelle, M. M. H., Mrs. 4079 Carey, Marguerite N.
291
Marshallville Augusta Brunswick Americus Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. .Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
11534 Carleton, Evelyn 11536 Colton, Frank Anthony 4893 Carriker, Lydia M. 10253 Carter, Cenella
8639 Carter, Gertrude R. 4674 Carter, Ola M. 2972 Carter, Ruth 4675 Cauthen, Mattie Lee 2976 Cawthorn, Mathen E. 4676 Chamblee, Dora L. 8458 Chapman, Effie
279 Chunn, Rubye Louise 8105 Clark, Minnie C. 8642 Clark, Sadie B. 1605 Clemens, R. C. 9870 Cleveland, Birdie E. McD. 9076 Cleveland, Lemual O.
290 Cobb, George 9802 Cody, Sarah F. Blanton 5974 Colbert, Julia E. 7407 Collier, Carrie Louise 11535 Collier, Hannah Mary 7617 Collins, Ursula E. 4088 Combs, Alberta F. 10689 Combs, Evelyn 9645 Combs, Iona Lathan 4089 Connally, Carrie Herndon 8589 Copeland, Alice 5423 Cooper, Daisy E. 8696 Cooper, Ida Hilson 1611 Cooper, Julia 10256 Cooper, Ruth 9850 Coppock, Fannie L. 9646 Crew, Lula Scott 11550 Crocker, Willie Belle 4894 Crowder, Nellie Mae
292
LaFayette Columbus Thomaston Dawson Augusta Americus Cordele Elberton Wrightsville Gainesville Griffin East Point Jesup Jesup Harden Waycross Cleveland Eatonton Griffin Commerce Augusta Hawkinsville Augusta Atlanta McDonough Luella Atlanta Greenville Eatonton Americus Savannah Thomasville Swainsboro Lithonia Ft. Valley Goggansville
Ala. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
4093 1617 1618 3255
Cunningham, Susie Mae Curley, Agatha, Regis Curley, Irma Spaulding Curry, Edward
320 1621 8773 2068 8435 4522 4834 7416 4329 8109 8110 4099 5430 344 3106 4836 7418 2469 7419 10265 2714 2850 9006 4101 7697 7420 2471 1631 1345 9427 4102
Daniels, Marshall Andrew Darby, Idonia J., Mrs. Dasher, Susie White Davis Daisy Bell Davis, Eddie Mae Davis, Lena Miles Dawson, William Lewis Des Verney, Zella Louise Dewar, Flonnie Dickerson, Gussie P. H. Dickerson, James DeWitte Dickerson, Sanona A. Dixon, Harry S. Dixon, Lillian T. Dobbs, Roanna J. Dorsey, Marie Alma Douglas, Lucile M. Douthard, Beatrice E. Dove, Julia Veronica Dowdell, Eula Lee, Mrs. Dowdell, Nola Mae Dowdell, Ozie Belle Dowdy, Bessie Drake, J. V., McHenry Drake, Virgie Chaney Dryscoll, Hattie Octavia B. Dunlap, Susie Hamilton Dunmore, Rita T. Dunning, Janie Bennett Dye, Hattie Mae Dyer, Emmie F.
293
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Harrison
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Dublin
Ga.
Forsyth
Ga.
Tuscaloosa
Ala.
Atlanta
Ga.
Tennille
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Hahira
Ga.
Vidalia
Ga.
Vidalia
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Cairo
Ga.
Culverton
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Appling
Ga.
Manning
S. C.
Atlanta
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
New Haven.... Conn.
Americus
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Thomasville
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Elberton
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
NEGROES PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
4895 7224 3390 1639 4897 2475 7566 2716
Edge, Eloise M. Elrod, Nancy Smith English, Josephine Harris Erwin, Elizabeth Leonora Evans, Annie M. Evans, Gladys Evans, Lula Cleola Everett, Sarah Mattie
8112 Fambro, Alice Lutherine 5993 Felton, Minnie Gertrude 7423 Ferguson, Eliza Ellen 7999 Flournoy, Mamie Lee 9908 Ford, Ida Blanche Pollard 1647 Frazier, Iona 9352 Frederick, Jennie J. C. 7427 Freeman, Mollie L.
9649 Games, St. Lawrence, Mrs. 7428 Gassett, Theodosia E. 1655 Gaston, Edna Rebecca 8113 Gates, Ella Louise 7238 Germany, Addie Elizabeth 8689 Gholston, Susie Jackson 7429 Gilbert, Bertha E. 8180 Gill, AddyeE. 4896 Gilley, Mabel L. 7242 Glass, Theresa Victoria 7000 Glover, Alma L. 7430 Golden, Mary Lewis 8001 Goodgame, Lucile Olivia 5114 Goodman, Catherine Burt 5115 Goodson, Clyde 2854 Godwin, Irma B. 7138 Goodwin, Mary Pearl 6050 Goodwin, Trudie A.
Forsyth Dahlonega Atlanta Savannah Forsyth Forsyth Forsyth Americus
Adel Marshallville Augusta Monticello Atlanta Savannah Augusta Rome
Augusta Augusta Savannah Grantville Augusta Atlanta Augusta Atlanta Newnan Thomasville Adel Augusta Birmingham Americus Pelham Lilly Cottondale
Springvale
294
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga.
NEGROES
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application
Number
9393 Golden, Mollie Lillian
Richland
5663 Goldwire, C. Verdelle, Mrs.
Griffin
9432 Gordon, Ruth
Forsyth
8690 Grant, Mamie
Cedartown
10772 Gray, Charlie Augusta
Moultrie
7706 Gray, Marguerite Evelyn
Savannah
7431 Green, Mabel W.
Augusta
4541 Greenaid, Hattie Mae
Buford
1663 Greene, Estelle
Savannah
8779 Greene, Fanny T.
Albany
7570 Greenlee, Martha B.
Dyersburg
8780 Griffin, Agnes
Meldrin
10337 Griffin, Arolee
Americus
4898 Griner, Corine Elizabeth
LaGrange
9084 Griner, M. Q.
Rocky Ford
9310 Gunn, Rosa B. Wood
Waycross
1667 Habersham, Lathrope Frances Savannah
1668 Hall, Edith Ophelia
Savannah
7003 Hall, Ella Mae
Adel
8782 Hall, Mary Lee
Waycross
8525 Hall, Nannie M.
Cedartown
4127 Hall, Nell Cornelia
Atlanta
4128 Hall, Rosa B.
Atlanta
7005 Hamiel, Earnest Woods
Sparks
478 Hamilton, Kittie Louise
Thomasville
11514 Hampton, Jessie Maruice
Athens
7799 Hand, Lenora Elizabeth
LaGrange
5926 Handy, Mattie Simkins
Savannah
9605 Hannah, Essie Irene
Macon
8503 Hardeman, Mary H.
Athens
4134 Harper, C. L.
Atlanta
5450 Harper, William Henry
Gainesville
501 Harris, Hannah Hamilton,
Griffin..'.
9829 Harris, Ruth Mae
Augusta
7895 Harris, Tola
St. Marys
4345 Hart, Carrie M.
Albany
2071 Hart, William, Jr.
Forsyth
295
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Tenn. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application
Number
2070 Hart, Stokely Delmar
Forsyth
514 Hawkins, Annie M.
Atlanta
7803 Hayes, Ealer V.
Savannah
8364 Haynes, Louise Emma
Augusta
2798 Heard, Julia L.
Jackson
1918 Henry, Willie Louise
Marietta
7435 Hibler, Willie Josey
Augusta
10342 Hill, Bobbie L.
Americus
1386 Hill, Corine Marie
Albany
7438 Hill, Jennie Houston
Augusta
7015 Hindsman, Carrie P.
Atlanta
10166 Hinesman, Arval H.
Waycross
8691 Holbrooks, Viola Collins
Savannah
7441 Holloway, Betty Ketch
Augusta
4148 Holman, Lucile Cecelia
Atlanta
1679 Holmes, Eloise G.
Savannah
1394 Holmes, Martha Annie
Albany
11551 Holsey, Gladys Clarice
Ft. Valley
4150 Howard, Vivian Juanita
Atlanta
9771 Howell, Emanuel K.
Valdosta
2072 Hubbard, Louise Essie
Forsyth
1685 Hubert, Lillie Ophelia Jones
Savannah
4901 Hubert, Maggie E., Mrs.
Athens
4902 Hubert, Robert Henry
Athens
4153 Hudson, Ethel Elise
Atlanta
4903 Humphrey, Ethel Lee
McDouough
5672 Hunt, Bethany
Flolona
7579 Hunter, Fred C.
Savannah
9015 Hunter, Eosa G.
Sylvania
9832 Jackson, Addie D. L.
Pelham
4904 Jackson, Addie Mae
Forsyth
2075 Jackson, Lincoln
Forsyth
10691 Jackson, Oscar Walter
Forsyth
7452 James, Marietta
Augusta
3424 Jenkins, James W.
Montezuma
11552 Jefferson, Florence Mae
Ft, Valley
1405 Johnson, Annie
Higgston
286
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number 8049 Johnson, Bertha Antionette 7027 Johnson, Etta Lora 7271 Johnson, Gertrude Goodwin 9809 Johnson, Mattie Ward 5770 Johnston, Theodosa 7457 Jones, Alzora Elizabeth 4966 Jones, Florence 9992 Jones, Dora Ada 11553 Jones, Florence Nelle
1690 Jones, Hattie Mildred 11538 Josey, Jessie Will 9359 Jones, James 11554 Jones, Maggie Mae
Savannah Calhoun Augusta Tallapoosa Savannah Augusta Ma con Aiken Ft. Valley Savannah Dawson Augusta Ft. Valley
9286 Kelley, Jessie Belle Byrd 8528 Kelsey, Marie J. 8119 Kenney, Ella Gilbert 7965 Kings, Evie Walton
Albany Griffin Athens Augusta
8156 7458 10184 1625 4181 10611 10186
678 681 2644 1707 1708 9261 9613 9612
Lamar, Annie Louise Lamar, Katie Vincent Lawrence, H. L. Lee, Dempsey Ira Lewis, Cornelia V. Lewis, Ethel M., Mrs. Lewis, Mary E. Lofton, Mary E. Logan, Julia A. Long, Alvie Martin Lowe, Julia Alberta Lowe, Neuzetta G. Lowery, Lottie Louise Lumpkin, Johnnie Clifford C. Lumpkin, John G.
Americus Augusta Lyons Savannah Atlanta Americus Americus East Point Atlanta Harris Savannah Savannah Americus Richland Richland.'
4579 Mack, Emma Allen 4186 Mack, Mary Josie 4187 Maddox, Emmie B. 4907 Malory, Lula T. 4188 Marchman, Haltye S.
297
Milner Atlanta Atlanta Dublin Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
7296 Maidenborough, Ruth Saxon 699 Martin, Georgia Thomas 7653 Martin, Pauline Olivia 8015 Matthews, Maggie J.
11539 Matthews, Robert, Jr. 2078 Mayes, Sallie Mae 4202 McClain, Mattie Lizzie 7818 McCoy, Lula Artice Queen 10813 McDuffie, Addie 5878 McGowen, Gertrude 1711 McKelvey, Maggie 8554 McNeal, Ella Belle 7290 McNeal, Matilda Cleo 1712 McNichols, Rowena H. 4192 Meade, Cordelia Evelyn 9288 Meadows, Bessie Imogene 8974 Merritt, Mattie L. 11555 Miller, Fannie Maurice
741 Mitchell, Dena Bell 7482 Mitchell, Eddie Kate 4196 Mitchell, Sepairelee Ethel 8790 Mitchell, Sherman Ben 11540 Moore, Richard Vernon 8033 Monroe, Geneva Beatrice 4367 Montgomery, Hattie 4368 Montgomery, Henrietta 9997 Moon, Eula Kate 5908 Moon, Ruth
751 Moore, Elmore 9130 Mordicue, Sallie Jones 9889 Morgan, Coleman J. 4909 Morgan, Eunice Starr
758 Morris, Ida Lee 7054 Morrison, Rosalind B.
760 Morrow, John Thomas
Augusta Atlanta Atlanta Athens Columbus Forsyth Decatur Pelham Adel Atlanta Savannah Columbus Augusta Savannah Atlanta Cedartown Farmington Ft. Valley Thomasville Monroe Atlanta Glenwood Quincy Savannah Rome Rome
Grantville Jefferson Griffin Newnan Sally Fayetteville Douglas Mclntosh Ashburn
298
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
9460 7306 2684 9461 5489 8510
Morton, Emma Nettie Mosely, Jeanne Marie Moten, Marie V. Moye, Artiebel Murph, Emanuel Gracius Myrick, Beatrice
Athens Augusta Jacksonville Americus Eatonton Americus
4206 9480 11541 7488 9859 5683 4208
Neal, Eva E. W. Neal, Thomas R. Nelson, Irving W. Newsome, Emma Louise Nimons, Cora Lee D. Norris, Mary M. Norris, Mattie Turner
Atlanta Farmington Summerton Augusta Griffins Jackson Atlanta
2866 Orse, Sarah J. 2549 Otten, Aulice L. 4910 Ozier, Catherine E.
Americus Jackson Brunswick
4593 10198 11556 5687 4213 2745 4463 1747 9024 9462 8667 10366 9536 8612 7069 5689 7070 4382
Page, Hallie Graves Page, Philip, Gramma Paschal, Annie Mildred Paschal, Mabel I. Parks, Gertrude Agnes Patrick, Cynthia Patridge, Lillie I. Patterson, Justive H. Peacock, Stuart Warkoochee Pearson, Addie Lucile Pearson, Louise Wilson Percival, Lucile Marie Perry, Rachel S. Pettis, Altdmese J. E. Phillips, Ernest Z. Phillips, Ola Alfred Phipps, W. H Pinkston, Malvina E. Dixon
299
Albany Jackson Eatonton Shellman Atlanta Montezuma College Park Savannah Decatur Newberry Albany Greenwood Blakely Ocala Valdosta Lexsy Albany Augusta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga. S. C. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
4599 10692
8574 1752 878 879 7501 7502
Peasant, Ida Mae Ponder, Janette Carolyn Pope, Bettie Sealy Porter, Gladys Elizabeth Porter, Mabel Helen Portis, Clara Whitehead Pritchett, Annie J. Prichett, Bizzell Earnestine
9575 Quarles, Mattie Johnson
4602 Ray, Hattie M. 4779 Reaves, Isabelle A. 1757 Reid, Sylvester Jones 9621 Rembert, Susie L. 11542 Reynolds, Charles M. 1758 Reynolds, Mattie Julia 11543 Reynolds, Lucian Collins 10100 Reynolds, Vasceil Augusta 9786 Rhetta, Virginia Smith 9974 Richardson, Dorcas Louantonia 8471 Richardson, Gertrude 8133 Richie, Zora Annie R. 2560 Ridley, Bertha 8062 Rivers, Julia Mozelle 8839 Roberts, Ella D. 2685 Roberts, James Maceo 4230 Roberts, Jennie Stark 7592 Roberts, Willie E. 3473 Robinson, Freddie A. 2824 Rome, Willie Irwin 8401 Ross, Irene Veta 11544 Rowe, Walter J. 9411- Rounsaville, Mamie 10211 Russell, Jimmie W.
Savannah Monroe Savannah Savannah Marietta Albany Augusta Augusta
Girard... .
Griffin Milledgeville Savannah Atlanta Albany Savannah Baconton Waycross Way-cross Brunswick Savannah Savannah Jackson Atlanta Leslie Sparks Atlanta Wrightsville Newnan Camilla Albany Albany LaFayette Americus
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ala.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
300
NEGROES PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application
Number
8616 Sanders, Mary J.
7594 Saxon, Camille Lorenga
7334 Sears, Mattie Lawise
8485 Sengstake, Hermann A.
10108 Sharpe, Fannie M.
3327 Sheffield, Theresa Elizabeth
5509 Sherman, Ida I.
4912 Shropshire, Pearlie Lee
8617 Shuler, Alice Thomasine
4241 Simmons, Eva Elovieze
1767 Simmons, Lizzie
9030 Sims, Lula Agnes
1770 Skipper, Veranese
11172 Slater, Edrena
7091 Sloan, Amelia Margie
10299 Smith, Agnes
8453 Smith, Agnes P.
10866 Smith, Charlottie
4913 Smith, Doc A.
9065 Smith, Laucretia M.
11557 Smith, Poleva
8372 Smith, Naomi Shocklin
11173 Smith, Vivian C.
7523 Smythe, Emily J.
7524 Smythe, Frances Aleta
7525 Smythe, Louise A.
2752 Spain, Evalina
960 Stalhvorth, Martha C.
5518 Starks, Felicia Elizabeth
11545 Stepens, William J.
5521 Stevens, Verdelle Eloise
9582 Stewart, Martha Goode
1780 Stiles, Camille
.
1782 Stoney, Marie Allen
10117 Strickland, Estella E.
7100 Summerlin, Ruth
9148 Suttles, Lillian Decatur
301
Commerce Augusta Augusta Augusta Atlanta Albany Mollena Doiaville Augusta Atlanta Savannah Griffin Savannah Savannah Adel Americus Athens Adel Newnan Savannah Savannah Atlanta Thomasville Augusta Augusta Augusta Ben Hill Americus Augusta Adrian Valdosta Brunswick Savannah Savannah LaGrange Statesboro Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. . .Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application
Number 7530 Swain, Irene Gilbert
Augusta
5817 Sweedenberg, Margaret
Savannah
7531 Tate, Anna M.
10301 Taylor, Quincy Foreman 7745 Taylor, Ruth
8893 Taylor, Winifred V.
1788 Terrell, Ollie Mae
7532 Thomas, Cecile Johnson
11558 9066 8269 8473 4915 8374 8515 1085
Thomas, Mat-tie Pauline Thomas, Tammie, Mrs. Thomas, Mary 0. Thompson, King George Thrash, Nellie Gray Tinsley, Ida Olivia Tolbert, Chas H. Tomlinson, Tommie Louise
4401 Torbert, Sallie Kilfer 1104 Turner, Gwendolyn Elizabeth
1793 Tyson, Alma V.
9324 Walker, Rosella L.
10896 9037 11546 9038 11547 8139 1152 4916 5912 7985
Walker, Laurine E. Ward, Annie Ethelind Ward, Reefus Washington, Florence R. Washington, Geneva Myrtle Washington, Ruth Watson, Helen Glenn Watts, Lueannie Waye, Annette E. Weaver, Marion W. M.
4917 Wells, Georgia Anna
10304 Westheimer, Nannie B. 8762 Weston, Evangeline
8199 Whitaker, Mittie Vashti 7543 White, Ella B. 7544 White, L. E.
7673 White, Susie Foster
302
Augusta Americus Macon Savannah Savannah. Augusta Dover Carrollton Albany Senoia Forsyth Byronville Rockmart Atlanta Atlanta Rome Savannah
Augusta Athens Cedartown Dayton Waycross Albany Albany Birmingham Forsyth Valdosta Goggansville Louiseville. Americus Americus Albany Augusta Augusta Anderson
Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Fla. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C.
NEGROES
PROVISIONAL ELEMENTARY-A CLASS
Application Number
5704 5942 4918 7546 7547 1194 4919 7119 11548 1808 7859 9246 1204 7749 10384 9154 11513 3211 7551 7750 11512 8897 2836 7375 1811 9047 8629 1224 2080 9544 4034 2686 7555 9589 1244 3511 2768
Whitfield, Hazel Lucile Whitfield, Lloyd Hamilton Whitfield, Robert A. Whitmore, Claudie B. Whitmore, Eula B. Wilkins, Minnie M. Williams, Annie Lois Williams, Beatrice Louise Williams, Hattie Myrtle Williams, Dorothy Janet Williams, Mabel Bigby Williams, Mary Jackson Williams, M. E., Mrs. Williams, Mamie Davis Williams, Ruth Virginia Williams, Mary H. Williams, Rachel B. Williamson, E. E. Wilioughby, Hattie L. Wilson, Christine Wilson, Lov Venia Vivian Wingfield, Martha Elizabeth Wise, Ida Wood, Georgia Agnes Woodard, Louise A. Woodard, Nellie Jackson Woodson, Ruth Woodrick, Ethel Aline Worthy, Mary Lucile Wright, Annie Laura H. Wright, Naomi Salena Wyche, Annie Clarence Lee Wylie, Emma L. Young, Clara Florence Young, Frankie M. Young, Sara Lucile Young, Silas L.
303
Brunswick Gadsden Milldegeville Augusta Augusta Rome Hartwell Macon Albany Savannah Atlanta Lawrenceville Elberton Milledgeville Hawkinsville Augusta Augusta Vienna Augusta Savannah Sparta Winder Jackson Cedartown Savannah Macon Augusta Newnan Forsyth Milledgeville Atlanta Hahira Augusta Savannah Thomasville Irmo Monroe
Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C. Ga.
NEGROES
Application Number
PROVISIONAL NORMAL
2158 2273 10910 2681 1910 1911 10911
Aikens, Daisy Chrystine Allen, Marian Amelia Allston, Jenette Christine Anderson, Hortense T. Anderson, Nellie Katherine Apple, Clara Belle Arnold, Thena Rebecca
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
College Park Ga.
2160 Babcock, Henrietta Leake 2274 Bailey, Lottie Louise 4047 Barker, Edna Frances 4050 Barnes, Gladys A. 4052 Beattie, Piiscilla 4053 Beavers, Lillian L. 10912 Benson, Grace 10913 Beny, Cornelia Margaret 1912 Berry, Mattie Lillie 2161 Boggus, Lucius Catherine 2275 Bohannon, Alonzo 1913 Brooks, Essie Mae 4064 Brooks, Inez Mattie 4065 Brooks, Oretha Estelle 2276 Brown, Catherine Louise 2006 Brown, Ella Veatrice 2277 Brown, Emma Elvia 2278 Brownlee, Katie Mae 10914 Bufford, Mary Jim 2279 Burge, Lois Maxwell 2969 Byars, Carrie L.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
St. Augustine .... Fla.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Eufaula
Ala.
Hawkinsville Ga.
Meigs
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Newnan
Ga.
Shreveport
La.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
LaFayette
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
11437 Cargile, Cynthia Henrietta
Atlanta
Ga.
11438 Carr, Marguerite Prudence
Atlanta
Ga.
1599 Carter, Ruby
Chatham
Ga.
1914 Chapman, Lula Byrd
Talbotton
Ga.
271 Clennault, Beatrice Vivian
Tignal
Ga.
11507 Clark, Allen Turner
Augusta
Ga.
10648 Coleman, Frankie Isabelle
Columbus
Ga.
304
NEGROES
PROVISIONAL NORMAL
Application Number
1915 2280
302 2281 4092
Coleman, Irene Beatrice Coles, Ella Mae Cooke, Jewell J. Cooper, Hazelle Clarice Cosby, Rosa Mae
Meridian Atlanta Atlanta Charleston Atlanta
5564 4095 2282 2007 11508 8462 4096 4100 8111 8956
Dasher, Sophronia Davidson, Mary L. Davis, Alma Louise Davis, Annie Laura Davis, Horace H. Dawson, Lula Day, Annie L. Dobbs, Leola Emily Drake, John Samuel Drake, Salemma Norris
Dublin Atlanta Atlanta Athens Atlanta Brunswick Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Monticello
2008 Emanuel, Camilla Adell 371 English, Hallie Belle 2162 Epps, Pinkie Mary
Atlanta Macon LaGrange
5438 10649
2285 4110 2010
Floyd, Mary Ruth Floyd, Sylvester Ford, Johnnie Louise Ford, Rubie Mae Fuller, Celeste
Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Newnan
10550 2286 1916 4112 4114 4116 2011
Gates, Ethel Leola Gantt, Irma Elizabeth Gentry, Rosalie J. Gibson, Annie T. Gomillion, Willie Mae Goosby, Kate N. Gray, May Alice
Atlanta Atlanta Sunflower Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta
4129 Hall, Ruth B. 4133 Harden, Mattie L. 2679 Harper, Amelia 4135 Harper, Ellen B.
305
Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta
Miss. Ga. Ga.
S. C. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Miss. Ga .Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
" NEGROES
PROVISIONAL NORMAL
Application Number
2163 4848 8305 1917 2165 4144 10915 1919 10171 4155 10651
Hart, Hazel Marie Hay wood, Eugenia Foss Heard, Emma F. Henry, Annie Rebecca Herbert, Essye Lee Hill, Amelia Frances Hinton, Thelma Juanita Hithe, Anne Jane Hughes, Rebecca B. Humphrey, Addie Mae Hunter, Susie
Atlanta Birmingham Atlanta Athens Biloxi Atlanta Nashville New Orleans Dublin Atlanta Athens
4156 Iverson, Bonnie Mae
Atlanta
10916 4159 5468 2166 2291 4162
612 2292 2167 1920 4168
Jackson, Bell Nancy Jefferson, Ruth Parker Jenkins, Solomon M. Johnson, Jessie Mae Johnson, Mary Ellen Johnson, Willie Louise Jones, Armand Gwendolyn Jones, Eva Miller Jones, Goldie Rhea Jones, Laura Belle Jones, Mary L.
Atlanta Atlanta Thomasville Atlanta Monticello Atlanta Augusta Atlanta Darien Atlanta Atlanta
2994 King, Flossie Belle
Atlanta
7037 4179 1921 4183 10351 7720 2296
Leeks, Theresa Edna Lemon, Mae Ruth Lewis, Troas Cedelia Lindley, Nellie B. Lockett, Lelia Belle Lowe, Jessie Mae Lumpkin, Hallie Elizabeth
Savannah Atlanta Toccoa Atlanta Sylvester Savannah Atlanta
Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. Miss. Ga. Tenn. La. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
1717 Matthews, Samuel Alonzo
Savannah
Ga.
10928 Maxey, Edwina Marie
Atlanta
Ga.
305
NEGROES
PROVISIONAL NORMAL
Application Number
2297 McAllister, Susie Mae 10653 McCord, Elizabeth 10654 McCree, Lyda Hoyle 4204 McGhee, Effie Elizabeth 2542 McLeod, Nona Lee 4193 Mickens, Mae Louise 10918 Millican, Freddie
2168 Moore, Penelope 2169 Moore, Fannie Mae 4197 Moore, Hennie Mae 10919 Moore, Lula Mae 4198 Moore, Magnolia Mabel 2014 Mouzon, Christine Hardwick
Atlanta Gabbettville College Park Atlanta Moultrie Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Decatur Atlanta Winchester Atlanta Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ky. Ga. Ga.
1922 Nabritt, Margaret Elizabeth
Atlanta
Ga.
2170 7731 4209 1924
Oglesby, Lucile Oliver, Rosa Mae Oslin, Louisly Mae Osborne, Carrie Mary
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Tuscumbia
Ala.
2298 4214 2299 1923 4216 11442 2016 2017
Parks, Emma Sue Parks, Helen Odessa Paul, Susie Ella Peeples, Sadie M. Penn, Jessie Juanita Peterson, Valeta Belle Pierce, Mabel H. Priester, Lubirda Elizabeth
Newnan
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Jones
Ala.
Atlanta
Ga.
St. Petersburg. . .. Fla.
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
4226 Reid, Beatrice Myrtice
Atlanta
Ga.
4221 Ragland, Katherine M.
Atlanta
Ga.
2301 Redwine, Emma Eliza
Atlanta
Ga.
921 Rice, Daisy M.
Atlanta
Ga.
2302 Richardson, Lucy Lee
Atlanta
Ga.
4229 Rivers, Helen Montana
Atlanta
Ga.
2303 Robinson, Anna Belle
Atlanta
Ga.
1925 Robinson, Annie Odessa
Newnan
Ga.
307
NEGROES
PROVISIONAL NORNAL
Application
Number
10920 Samuel, Eva Mae
Rome
4236 Senior, Bernice Heard
Atlanta
10921 1926 10922 4248 1777 1927
Sims, Wyolyn Ellen Slaughter, Catherine Smith, Iris Kathrene Starr, Willie Mae Steele, Martha Sarah Strong, Allena Josephita
Atlanta Athens Cincinnati Atlanta Savannah Birmingham
4249 Sullivan, Louise Marie
Atlanta
2304 Terrell, Carrye Isabelle
2305 Thorn, Rachel L. R.
4252 Thomas, Eddie Mae
4253 Thomas, Eva Louise
2678 Thomas, Frances Inez
2171 Thomas, Irene
2307 Thomas, Jennie Virginia
10655 Thornton, Annie Laura
10923 Tiller, Ruth Arena
11443 Truitt, Agnes Virginia
2309 Turner, Irma Lucile
10656 Turner, Maude
Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta College Park Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Birmingham Athens LaGrange Atlanta Atlanta
10657 Vinson, Rubye Evelyn
Atlanta
4264 Wakefield, Katherine J. 10924 Walker, Anona Rosalyn
1928 Walker, Lillian Brewster 10929 Ware, Annie Lou 2019 Ware, Jessie Mae 10925 Ware, Mabel
2173 Warren, Lammie Eliza 4266 Washburn, Bessie Eleanor 1155 Watson, Eliza M 1801 Watts, Fannie Pettie, Mrs. 11061 Westbrooks, Mary Frances 2020 White, Lydia 1807 Williams, Ayler Mae
308
Atlanta Atlanta Bitmingham Newnan Atlanta Atlanta Eufaula Atlanta Senoia Savannah Atlanta Atlanta Savannah
Ga. Ga. Ga Ga. Ohio. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ala. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES
PROVISIONAL NORMAL
Application Number
4272 William, Elizabeth Rose 11594 Williams, Mary Ann 11441 Williams, Mittie 2174 Williams, Susie Mae 4274 Williamson, Bernice L. 10926 Willis, Odessa Elizabeth 4277 Wimbish, H. H. 10927 Winkfield, Pattie 1929 Woodall, Agnes Isabel 5544 Wright, Horace 2175 Wright, Lillian Russelina 2176 Wynn, Louella Virginia
Atlanta Marietta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Athens Atlanta Douglasville Atlanta Cuthbert
2311 Younge, Genevieve
Atlanta
PROVISIONAL HIGH
115 Arline, Jessica L. 171 Birksteiner, Edward 11505 Brown, James Willis 9592 Calhoun, Marie Suzanne 1608 Callen, Lewis Gradeaux 9348 Curtright, Felix Alonzo 11510 Gardiner, Franklin Pierce 4111 Johnson, George Claudia 11511 Hall, Andrew Lee 1395 Holmes, Arthur Cuthbert 1722 Maynor, Ernest Clayton 722 Maxey, Charles Lincoln 4261 Turner, Brister William 3504 Williams, Bertha D.
Savannah Atlanta Harvest Americus Savannah Savannah Augusta Atlanta Augusta Albany Savannah Atlanta Atlanta Savannah
PROVISIONAL COLLEGE
9638 Butler, James Henry 2283 Devine, Lois Lillian 2284 Flemister, Sarah Virginia
309
Savannah Atlanta Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES
PROVISIONAL COLLEGE
Application Number
2287 Graham, Virginia Chaney 2288 Greenwood, Mildred Phillips 2289 Gullins, Earle Richard 10650 Harper, Mattie Belle 10652 Johnson, Inez Beatrice 2294 Lattimer, Magnolia Luretia 2295 Lay, Roy Augustus 10559 McAllister, Emma Aline 2300 Quarles, Jessie Mae 8193 Reid, Vivian Ellena
930 Rochelle, Elizabeth Dean 2306 Thomas, Harriett Franceska
Memphis
Term.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
New York City.N. Y.
Atlanta
Ga.
Dallas
Tex.
Mobile
Ala.
Atlanta
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Minden
La.
Baton Rouge
La.
PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
9484 Andrews, Genie James
Milledgeville
161 210 8943 4066 4075 2968
Bendross, Susie Lewis Brown, Bertha L. Brown, Gertrude New Brown, Lizzie M. Burney, Mary Emma Butts, Macie Anna
LaGrange Rome Cedartown Atlanta Atlanta Sparta
8430 Cain, Lucile L. Parks 2782 Carter, Wm. H. 4086 Coggins, Pinkie Jones 1366 Glenn, Minnie L. 2853 Glenn, Rosa Belle 4119 Graves, Madeline Pearl 4122 Green, Hattie L. 10162 Greene, Maggie Louise 4123 Greenlea, Urma Hill 4124 Greenwood, Rhubie Eloise
Rome Manchester Atlanta Atlanta. . Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Thomasville Atlanta Atlanta
9606 Hannah, Nancy Ethel 4138 Hart, Lula Keeley
310
Macon Atlanta
Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga.
NEGROES PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
4139 518
9955 4900 2988
547 1680 8692 2073
Hart, Odessa Hollis Heard, Louise Hinton, Katie Elizabeth Hitchcock, Gertrude, Mrs. Hollis, Rosa Everlena Holt, Ora Edna Home, Jeniebelle Howard, Settie L. Hubbard, Ruth Anna
4733 Jackson, Addie Lee 4853 Jackson, Charlie Mae 9564 Jones, Julia Mitchell
626 Kay, Mary Elizabeth 8507 Kemp, Annie Mae 7906 Kiser, Annie Lou
4573 Lewis, Beulah A. 4182 Linder, Mary F. 2076 Lyons, Herbert A.
4191 5877 9702 4858 8126 4194 4200 1734
774 775
Mangum, Chevest Eugene McCarter, Sara Lauia McCrary, Annie Mae McWhorter, Anna C. Milledge, Charlotte J. Miller, Ada Mae Moore, Osie Lee Moses, Theodosia Mattie Munn, Gabriette Elizabeth Munn, Mattie Egypt
4210 Parham, Rowena Reid 7068 Phillips, Addie L.
899 Pullins, Lillian M.
Atlanta Atlanta LaGrange Milledgeville Dixie Atlanta Savannah Waycross Forsyth
Atlanta Columbus Danville
Cartersville Atlanta Cartersville
Atlanta Atlanta Evanston..'
Whitmire Atlanta Atlanta Newnan Savannah Atlanta Atlanta Savannah Lumpkin Lumpkin
Atlanta Valdosta Madrid
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ky.
Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. 111.
S. C. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ala.
311
NEGROES
PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
912 Ray, Burma B. 8702 Reddick, Coralie Ramsey 9231 Reese, Mary Esther 4223 Reese, Ruth Jackson
933 Rogers, Leila Mae 4232 Rosette, Lillie Mae 10210 Ross, Carliss Julia 4234 Rush, Lillian A.
Hiram Waycross Newnan Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Thomasville Atlanta
1017 4242 4244 4246 1772 1050 8266 4914 9032
Shannell, Hattie Myrick Sims, Nannie E. Smith, Annie L. Smith, E. L., Mrs. Smith, Melinda Olive Smith, Rosalie Spencei, Annie Mae C. Spratling, Clara M. R. Stafford, Edna Grace
9269 9794 1098 4262
Tate, Susie Mae Tracy, Josephine B. Stiles Tucker, Beatrice Emma Turner, Mayme Louise
Monticello Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Savannah Thomasville Douglas Quitman Sandersville
Madison Hawkinsville McDonough Atlanta
9673 4267 4273 1511 2081
Ware, Myra Hight Watts, Carrie E. Williams, Mamie L. Woodyard, Sallie P. Wright, Lena Mae
Rome Atlanta Atlanta West Point Monroe
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL
4041 4885 4042 2159 4044
Aderhold, Mildred Estelle Akers, Oliver W. Amos, Fannie Beatrice Anderson, Marie Arnold, Emma Clarissa
Atlanta LaGrange Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta
312
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL
Application Number
4049 Barker, Odessa E. 2617 Beach, Rosalind Perkins 4059 Blocker, Georgia Davis 2005 Bolton, Willie Mae 5406 Bothwell, Bertha I. 7183 Braxton, Mattie Scott 4068 Bryant, Laura Frances 4070 Bugg, Emmie Lila 4074 Burney, Luella M. 1298 Burton, Willie Mae 4076 Butts, Sirlimma E.
Atlanta Albany Atlanta Atlanta Vienna Augusta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Savannah Atlanta
4081 Carter, L. M. 4084 Chandler, Ruby Mae 4803 Cooper, Mabel B.
Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta
4097 Day, Willie Verdelle
Atlanta
361 Edwards, Arlena B. 4104 Edwards, Clarice Evelyn 4105 Edwards, Willie B. Thomas 8386 Ellison, Mary Norman
Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Waycross
7226 Few, Virginia Lillian W. 5743 Fields, Mabel Electa
Albany Thomasville
1656 4120 -7432 2012
Givens, Harriet Greatheart, Lilliemae Greene, Susie Hattie Griffin, Elfarra J.
Savannah Atlanta Wadley Atlanta
487 1669 4718 4719 2164 524 2493 4149 1681 11440
Hardwick, Beitha L. Hardwick, Lorene Hayden, Rosa E. Ware Heard, Carrie L. Heard, Pauline Henderson, Fannie M. Henry, Eunice Arnold Holmes, Jessie I. Horton, Georgia A., Mrs. Hadley, Saphronia I.
313
Albany Savannah Winchester Atlanta Atlanta Albany Atlanta Atlanta Savannah Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ky. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES PROFESSIONAL NORMAL
Application
Number 591 Jackson, Josie E.
Marion
4158 4161 4165 4167 4170 4171
Jackson, Millie Marvin Johnson, Mabel Beatrice Jones, Jessie Moreland Jones, Margie Holley Jones, Ruby Mae Jones, Selemer Seena
Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta
10179 4173 4449 2013 7908
Kennedy, Mary Magdalene Key, Marie Catherine Lee, Ruth Adell Leigh, Wilhelmina Lester, Janie L.
Americus Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Eastman
4180 Lewis, Alma Valeria
Atlanta
4185 Lovejoy, Katie Belle
Atlanta
5783 Madison, Anna Brown
Atlanta
4189 Marion, Manila Louise
Atlanta
2077 Martin, Nellie Evelyn
Harris
4191 Massey, Annie Elizabeth
Atlanta
1720 Maxwell, Carrie Edna
Savannah
4201 1710 2863 1727 2939
McAllister, Minnie Arlee McDowell, Cornelia Oliver McKinney, George P., Jr. Miller, Rhina A. Montgomery, Annie Lane P.
Atlanta Savannah Atlanta Savannah Albany
4211 4212 7498 4218 9573 12155
Parks, Bessie Erma Parks, Georgia E. Patterson, Louella Adel Pharrow, Lillian Estella Porter, Eugenia C, Mrs. Pressley, Prudence C.
Atlanta Atlanta Marietta Atlanta Savannah Atlanta
5500 5501 4227 4228 9714
929 4233
Reddick, King David Reddick, Susie Howell Reid, Elsie E. Reid, Ida Reynolds, Claude Williams Robinson, Mattie C. Rucker, Hazel Edith
314
Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta
Ala. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES
Application Number
PROFESSIONAL NORMAL
996 10861 8541 8090
1769 4243 4247 4392
957
Saine, Claudia Floyd Scarlett, Bessie Milton Settles, Thomas Sims, Lillian Walton Singfield, Nellie Louise Skinner, Susie Maize Smith, Rubie R. Spence, Lula Mae Spencer, Minas H.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
N. Birmingham... Ala.
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
LaGrange
Ga.
Dixie
Ga.
4250 Tate, Ella Mae
Atlanta
Ga.
2018 Terrentine, Edith Albro
Atlanta
Ga.
4255 Thornton, Alice M.
Atlanta
Ga.
2172 Thornton, Beulah Jane
Atlanta
Ga.
4257 Tinsley, Alberta Mae
Atlanta
Ga.
4259 Tolbert, Maud Holley
Atlanta
Ga.
4260 Toliver, Helen Maxie
Atlanta
Ga.
2308 Turner, Irene Hall
Atlanta
Ga.
1130 1798 4265 9151 4269 4271 4276 4282
Walker, Erma Christine Walker, Juanita Ward, Nellie Gray Warnei, Nellie Fiances White, Helen Edna Williams, Annie P. Willis, Ella Eugenia Woodward, Ethel Lewis
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE
1571 4113 9770
631 4475
Adams, Jno. Gines, Juliaette Wimby Holmes, Lula Dent Kelsey, Robert D. Spencer, Inez Hurlong
Savannah Atlanta Brunswick Rome Charleston
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C.
315
NEGROES LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
10229 8353 1574 1261
Addy, Victoria Akery, Carrie Mae Ashton, Rosa Louisa Avery, Sophia M.
4045 Badger, Airrie D. 4046 Bailey, Nellie Lewis, Mrs. 4048 Barber, Mary Cooke 4051 Barnett, Eugenia H. 1580 Beasley, Veronica M.
4055 Bell, Alice N.
4056 Bell, Mamie P. W.
4057 Bell, Minnie L. 10243 Bethune, Elizabeth 4058 Billups, Lavinia M. 10992 Bivins, Lillian Harris 10245 Bouie, Lucile Warren, Mrs.
8721 Bowen, Amanda M. H. 4061 Branham, Henrietta Serena 10317 Brinson, Ellen Maud
4063 Brittain, I. Louise 10458 Brown, Lillie Lewis, Mrs.
2779 Brown, Maggie P. 10459 Brown, Mamie E.
216 Brown, Minnie Lee 4067 Brown, Rachel 0"Neal 1291 Brown, William du Henri 3166 Bryant, Brunetta C.
1589 . Bryant, Ira S. 4071 Burch, Ilia Mandleine 1592 Butler, Sarah J.
4833 Butler, Minnie H.
4077 4078 4893 4080
Campbell, Lena Jones Canady, A. V. W. Carriker, Lydia M. Carter, Eva I.
316
Americus Wayeross Savannah Atlanta
Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Savannah Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Americus Atlanta Milledgeville Americus Atlanta Atlanta Americus
Atlanta Americus Albany Athens Thomasville Atlanta Savannah Savannah Savannah Atlanta Savannah Macon
Atlanta Atlanta Thomaston Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
2781 4676 4676 4083 7404 4516 1310 9904
Carter, Joanna Gilbert Carter, Ola M. Chamblee, Dora L. Chatman, Carrie Louise Chinn, Mary Eliza Clements, Cynthia Emma Cogborn, Mamie R. Cole, Lavonia B.
Manchester
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
Gainesville
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Augusta
Ga.
Monticello
Ga.
Albany
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
322 Davie, Anna K.
Rome
Ga.
10329 Davis, Minnie C. Reid, Mrs.
Athens
Ga.
4523 Davis, Nona McCrae
Savannah
Ga.
9158 Davis, Sallie M. Ellis
Milledgeville Ga.
7957 Deadwyler, Mary W. R.
Athens
Ga.
3382 Deas, Lilla G., Mrs.
Adel
Ga.
9874 Dickens, Janie Lenore
Griffin
Ga.
4098 Dickerson, Rebecca E.
Atlanta
Ga.
355 Durham, Mattie J.
Marietta
Ga.
1637 Ellis, Helen Morris
Savannah
Ga.
1636 Ellis, Alice M.
Savannah
Ga.
4169 Ellynn, Mattie I. Jones
Atlanta
Ga.
4106 Eichelberger, Pennie B. Speer Atlanta
Ga.
9687 Epps, Louise Allen
LaGrange
Ga.
379 Evans, Sarah Jane
Atlanta
Ga.
8079 Fleming, Annie Louise 8728 Fluker Sarah Jewel 3394 Foster, Maiie Gaither 7887 Foster Mary Lou 1644 Fox, Rachel Rogers 1358 French, Hannah Solomon
Covington
Ga.
Argyle
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Athens
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Albany
Ga.
1364 Gibson, Gertrude, Mrs. 1661 Grant Jessie J. 4118 Grant, Mary A. 4121 Greene, Annie B.
Rabun Gap
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
317
NEGROES LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
1664 Greene, Laurie Naomi 1370 Griffin, Elizabeth H. 4125 Grimes, Mary M.
4126 Hall, Mabel 8241 Hannon, Nellie H. 2082 Hanson. Gussie E. 4716 Harrington, Ida Minor 4137 Harris, Mary 1 uth 7576 Harrison, Ethel L. 4140 Harvey, Florence Mae 4141 Hawkins, Jereleen C. 4142 Haynes, Annie D. 9608 Haynes, Hattie M. 10055 Heard, Mattie Iverson
522 Hembree, Mexico Shehee, Mrs. 1673 Hendrickson, Carrie B. 1674 Hendrickson, Lizzie E.
531 Hicklin, Pearl Bennetts 4899 Hicks, Roberta 4145 Hill, Annie Letitia 4147 Hill, Maude Elizabeth 10780 Hinesman, Mallelieu 2802 Holland, Maude Sadie 7962 Horton, Norma, C. T. 1682 Houstown, Henrietta C. 1683 Houston, Sallie C. 5141 Hubert, Pearl Parks 4152 Hudgens, Fannie Jas. 8444 Hunter, Mary Elizabeth
2729 9125 4563 1688 7024 4905
Jackson, Blanche C. Jackson, Carrie Mae Jackson, Ethel W. Jackson, Eureka L. Jardin, Solomon Lizzie Jenkins, Estelle L.
318
Savannah Albany Atlanta
Atlanta Atlanta. Forsyth Brunswick Atlanta LaGrange Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Sedalia Athens Atlanta Savannah Savannah Thomasville Barnesville Atlanta
Atlanta Moultrie Atlanta Augusta Savannah Savannah Atlanta Atlanta Douglasville
Atlanta Newnan Savannah Savannah Albany Dublin
Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Mo. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
598 1406 8527 4164 8316
Jenkins, Ursula M. Johnson, Elizabeth E. Johnson, Gussie B. Jones, Jessie Mae Jones, Ophelia G. Strobert
4855 Kennedy, Emma L. 7717 Knight, Sarah H.
4176 Landrum, Bessie 1699 Lanier, Flora E. 4358 Lavender, Napoleon B. 2738 Leathe Lizzie Burnett 666 Lee Gertrude, E. 1702 Lewis, Melissa I. B. 1706 Lindsay, Sarah A. 679 Lofton, Pattie Luella 8875 Long, Blanche D. 3293 Lynch, Samuel E.
7465 5778 10815 4205
795 4190 4195
742 4199 1732
McCann, Evangeline Marie McClinton, Susie Sears McHenry, Janie Rebecca McHenry, Nellie E. Mclntyre, Carrie Isabel Martin, Rosa Lee Minnifield, Lizzie Mae Mitchell, Josephine E. Moore, Mary Belle Moore, Sara P.
7658 Norris, Willie Hall 4207 Norris, L. B.
4220 Pitts, Clara Thomas 8192 Powell, Mary A.
1753 Quinney, Emma A.
Marietta Savannah Summerville Atlanta Atlanta
Atlanta Rockmart
Atlanta Savannah Vienna Durand Albany Savannah Savannah Albany Atlanta Dallas
Augusta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Brunswick Atlanta Atlanta East Point Atlanta Savannah
Atlanta Atlanta
Atlanta Jesup
Savannah
319
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga.
Ga.
NEGROES LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
4222. 7504 8484 4911 1572 4231
Rakestraw, Ocie Dorothy Ray, Jessie Hazel Reed, Julia White Roberts, Adriie M. Robertson, Maggie Allen Ross, Marhoda Hill
1009 Scott, Cicely Blanche Latimer 2079 Shannon, Elizabeth Estella
4237 Shaw, Lavata F. 4240 Shy, Callie L. 10372 Simmons, Emma W. 1055 Smith. Tommie Ethel 1621 Solomon. Zellicoffer
949 Spain. Hattie Mae 968 Stephens, Maggie 987 Stuart, Hannah, Margard 7668 Sullivan, Amelia Willie
1781 7602 8344 4256 3153 10891
Taylor, Rebecca Stiles Taylor, Sara A. Thomas, Annie B. Timbers, Mamie B. Torbert, Mattie Redonia Turney, Oziebel Hart
10127 Wallace, Mary L. 9325 Warner, Hallie Laster 1178 White, Chlora S. 7545 White, Ursula 9242 Wilcher, C. W. 4268 Wilder, Sallie E. Walker 4270 Wilkes, Buena V. 4275 Williamson, Mattie F. 2833 Williams, Nathan F. 4278 Wimbish, Maggie E. 5541 Wilson, Lineberger Cora
320
Atlanta Rome Athens Monticello Savannah Atlanta
Bolton Forsyth Atlanta Atlanta Americus Atlanta Reynolds Ben Hill Savannah Senoia Augusta
Savannah Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Americus
Americus Newnan Atlanta Augusta Davisboro Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Waynesboro Atlanta Decatur
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ca. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ca. Ca.
Ca. Ga. Ga. Ca. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES
LIFE PROFESSIONAL ELEMENTARY
Application Number
5914 4280 10132 4283 1237 4281
Wingfield, Mazie Lewis Wise, Ruby B. Wood, Mattie Hughes Wynn, Elizabeth L. Wynn, Mamie E. Woodall, Mattie Sykes
LaGrange Atlanta Americus Atlanta Rome Atlanta
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL
7161 Anderson, Lilla Evans 5391 Allen' Mamie W.
Washington Atlanta
10392 10448 3099 10448 10570 7188 4668 4069
Battle, Barbara E. Baker, Ella Pauline Broughton, Mary F. Baker, Ella Pauline Brown, Mamie R., Mrs. Brown, Sarah Jenkins Bryant, Alrie A. Buchanan, Hannah E.
Americus Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta College Park Augusta Atlanta Atlanta
240 Cade, John Brother 4082 Carter, Manie Cohron 9984 Clark, James H. 1604 Clarke, Sarah O. 4087 Coles, Evangeline 7214 Craig, Peter Henry
Augusta Atlanta Jesup Savannah Atlanta Augusta
1620 Daniels, Martha M. 1623 Davis, Marie Gertrude 3381 Deas, James Milton 1626 Deveaux, Fannie Lawrence 9945 Drake, William D. 4103 Dyers, Minnie B.
Savannah Savannah Adel Savannah Graniteville Atlanta
1635 Edwards, Willie Grant 4108 Evans, Ethel M.
Savannah Atlanta
321
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. S. C, Ga.
Ga. Ga.
NEGROES LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL
Application Number
4109 4535 4441 9429
Finley, Cora B. Flemister, Henry L. Forest, Hattie I. Fowler, Johnnie Louise
Atlanta
Ga.
Madison
Ga.
Valdosta
..Ga.
Benevolence.... Ga.
1651 Gadsden, Geneva Stiles
Savannah
..Ga.
1652 Gadsden, Robert W.
Savannah
..Ga.
V
416 Gadson, Delia Mae, Mrs.
Rome
..Ga.
4115 Goosby, Janie L.
Atlanta
..Ga.
4117 Goosby, Lady Ishlah
Atlanta
..Ga.
9394 Gordon, Edward L.
Gary
. . Ind.
1659 Gordon, Nettie A.
Savannah
Ga.
4130 Hamilton, Eunice Evelynn 4131 Hamilton, Mamie Raiford
605 Hamilton, Nila Belle 9529 Henderson, Fletcher H. 4146 Hill, Marie I. 3417 Hopkins, Haddie Jones 9123 Hopkins, Maggie Rogers
Atlanta
..Ga.
Atlanta
..Ga.
Thomasville. . . ..Ga.
Cuthbert
. ..Ga.
Atlanta
. ..Ga.
Brunswick . .. Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
4160 Johnson, D. Inez 4166 Jones, M. Agnes
Atlanta Atlanta
...Ga. Ga.
627 4172 4446 4174 4739
Kay, Rosamond Keith, Bertha Estelle Kelsey, Andrew Z. King, Gertrude Loretta Kirkland, John A.
Cartersville.. . . . .. Ga
....Ga
Griffin
.. .. Ga
Atlanta
. . . .Ga
Ga
4175 Lamar, Irene Maude 1701 Lee, Ophelia Holly 1703 Lewis, Cynthia Emma 4177 Landrum, Ella T. 7034 Lawrence, Judson C. 7035 Lawrence, Olivia A.
Atlanta
. ...Ga
Savannah.... . ...Ga
Savannah.... Ga
Ga
Milledgeville. . ...Ga
Savannah. . .
Ga
r
322
NEGROES
LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL
Applicat ion Number
4746 7466
724 1719 3306 3307 4862 7584
McAden, Leila Edwina McCann, James Robert Maxey, Tena Beatrice Maxwell, Anna Miller, Jackson E. Miller, Susie A. Mine]', Acldie C. Blake Molette, Sarah Willie T.
2015 Norris, Annie Hester, Mrs.
Eatonton Augusta Atlanta Savannah Guyton Guyton (ilasgow Brunswick
(Licago
10427 4215 3466 9026
860 4219 2557 9893 7322
Parker, Carrie White Paschal, Mildred Belle Perry, Olive Perry, Ora Maggie L. Phillips, Lucy Ann Pittman, C. B. Potter, Louise P. Prat her. Ida Allen Prattler, Joseph B. F.
\\ aycross Atlanta Atlanta Atlanta Gainesville Ai lanta Albany Atlanta Atlanta
1754 Rahn, Clifford 906 Raiford, Andrew Reynolds 907 Raiford, Blanche X. 913. Rayford, Alice Mae 10204 Reddick, Hannah A. H. 4225 Reeves, Minnie Lee 941 Rutland, Hilliard E.
7332 10521 4178 4235
1766 4245 1771 8265
Saxton, Minnie M. Saxton, Samuel J. Sawyer, Samantha B. B. Schell, Carrie Overton Shivery, Madeline R. Smith, Bessie E. Smith, Lula Smith, Thomas Henry
Savannah Pelham Pelham Brunswick Americus Atlanta Rockmart
Atlanta Atlanta Maysville Gary Savannah Atlanta Savannah Athens
323
(!a. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ky. Ga.
Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ind. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
NEGROES LIFE PROFESSIONAL NORMAL
Application Number
9298 1775 10300
983 982
Snellings, Roberta Ella Spencer, Lucile Baldwin Staley, Alfred Samuel Strickland, EthelJ. Strickland, William Clarence
4251 Taylor, Olive A. 1785 Tompkins, Sophronia M. 10887 Turner, Virginia Hulsey
1132 Wallace, Elizabeth H. 8710 Walker, Mary Ellen, Mrs. 1800 Washington, J. M. 2310 White, Eliza Brown 9070 White, Fannie Moore Jones 1805 Whitmire, Annie E. 2605 Williams, Carrie F. 1783 Willis, Delphcne Stoney 1217 Wingfield, Lewis Smith 4279 Wise, Minnie Reid 9588 Wright, Carrie Hurd Clements 3350 Wright, Rosalie Matthews
LaGrange
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Americus
Ga.
McDonough
Ga.
McDonough. . . . Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Abany Atlanta Savannah Atlanta Atlanta Savannah Wadley Savannah LaGrange Atlanta Brunswick Atlanta
Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga. Ga.
LIFE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE
7874 Burney, Annie Mack
Athens
Ga.
9826 Clark, Lewis Sherman
Athens
Ga.
439 Glenn, Isabel Kelley
Atlanta
Ga.
7008 Harris, Judia C. Jackson
Athens
Ga.
5352 Harris, Samuel F.
Athens
Ga.
2074 Hubbard, William Merida
Forsyth
Ga.
1684 Hubert, John Wesley
Savannah
Ga.
4238 Shivery, L. D., Mrs.
Atlanta
Ga.
9377 Warner, Howard W.
Newnan
Ga.
324
NEGROES
Application Number
SPECIAL
8285 Blayton, Jesse Bee 10748 Conn, Martha H. 8001 Goodgame, Lucile Loivia 4111 George, Claudia Johnson 1680 Home, Jeaniebelle 9564 Jones, Julia Mitchell 9612 Lumpkin, John G. 4191 Massey, Annie Elizabeth 9480 Neal, Thomas R. 9893 Prather, Ida Allen 10841 Perkins, Bessie Lillian 4224 Reeves, Lucy Cecelia 8062 Rivers, Julia Mozelle 8840 Smith, Joseph Brown 4034 Wright, Naomi Salena
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Birmingham
Ala.
Atlanta
Ga.
Savannah
Ga.
Danville
Ky.
Richland
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Farming! on
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
Atlanta
Ga.
325
I
GEORGIA State School Items
Published Monthly by the Department oj Education.
Vol.2
JULY 1, 1925.
No. 10
REPORT
OF
N. H. BALLARD,
State Superintendent of Schools. '**
Entered as second-class matter Oct ober 5^[f *[ J* Post Ol&^^^W^ t^^^^ fecVon 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923.
ATLANTA, GA.
I
Atlanta, Ga., June 1, 1925.
To His Excellency,
HONORABLE CLIFFORD WALKER,
The Governor of Georgia.
Dear Sir:
In compliance with the law, I have the honor to transmit, through you, to the General Assembly, the Fifty-Third Annual Report of the Department of Education for the year ending December 31, 1924. In this report will be found an account of the various educational activities of the State for the period mentioned, together with statistical tables and recommendations for educational work. For greater convenience, the report is arranged in the following order:
I. Letter of Transmittal and Recommendations. II. Supervisors and Auditor. III. Reports from University and Branches. IV. Reports of District Agricultural Schools. V. High Schools and Special Educational Work. VI. Statistics.
(a) School Systems-white. (b) School Systems-colored. (c) Colleges and Normal Schools. (d) Summary. VII. Alphabetical Index.
Very truly, N. H. BALLARD,
State Superintendent of Schools.
To the Members of the General Assembly of Georgia:
Every effort of my administration has been directed to one end, that the children of Georgia might have equal education-
al opportunity.
"I favor and will do everything in my power to bring about equal educational opportunity for every child. To no one will we sell, to no one will we refuse or deny education. An elementarv education is the right of every child, regardless of his station'in life or the locality in which he lives and this right no child in Georgia should be denied", was publicly uttered by me more than three years ago. This was the first utterance of this proposition in Georgia. Received at first in silence and opposed by the favored class, it was bodily crucified by the Teachers' Convention at Savannah in 1924. But it lives and will continue until firmly established in Georgia's school policy. It is founded on the eternal principle of Justice and will pre-
vail.
To be able to give a correct answer to this question and to present definite policies as to how it may best be effected, more accurate information as to the exact status of Georgia's educational system was necessary. While educational statistics were plentiful, yet their accuracy was doubtful. For instance, the 1923 report shows 99.6% of the white children between the ages of six and eighteen years enrolled in the public schools of Georgia. Upon its face it is evident that this is wrong, yet in consolidating the reports of the county and city superintendents of Georgia this result was found. We asked the Legislature, at the Session of 1923, to appropriate $20,000 to aid in making an educational survey of the state. It was the intention to survey all the institutions, both elementary and high, and to employ competent people to interpret this. This request was denied. However, it did not prevent us from making a survey of the elementary and high schools of the state. This was done without extra expense to the State and for the first time in the history of Georgia fairly accurate information was put on file as to every school in Georgia.
While the data in this survey has been only partly digested, yet two notable papers dealing with it have been published one
by Dr. Ralph E. Wager, Professor of Education, Emory University, "A Critical Study of Some Educational Problems of the State of Georgia" and the other by Mr. J. O. Martin, State School Supervisor, which deals principally with the teacher question. Both of these are rather exhaustive along the lines that they have investigated and will form a basis for future study and comparison. Each of these has been a work of love.
Every effort to obtain equal opportunity for the children of Georgia has been directed along five different lines, each of which is essential to the attainment of this result:
(1) Length of Term. (2) Teachers, training and pay. (3) Supervision. (4) Equipment and Buildings. (5) State appropriation.
[
LENGTH OF TERM.
The length of term in Georgia varies from four to nine months. Several counties in Georgia offer their children but four months of school and it is clearly shown in Mr. Martin's article on Teachers that these same counties are paying their teachers the smallest salaries and are thereby obtaining the poorest prepared teachers, and teachers that are changing from county to county every year. Certainly there is no equal opportunity here and some means should be provided to give these children better opportunity for an education than they now have. Indeed, Georgia's future depends upon it. She cannot neglect a great part of her children and hope to prosper.
Study Dr. Wager's article from pages 52-63 inclusive, and you will be convinced there is no equal opportunity for the children of Georgia as to the length of term. Indeed, the discrimination is great and in many instances seemingly unjustified. If you will compare these tables with the tables of expenditure per child and per teacher and the taxable returns you will find it will be impossible to correct this except through the State appropriation and this used as an equalizing fund.
TEACHERS AND TEACHER-TRAINING.
Mr. Martin's article on Teachers and Teacher-Training presents startling facts. The data is taken from the Survey and shows that a majority of Georgia's white children are being taught by untrained, inexperienced teachers. Indeed, it shows that a majority of the professionally trained teachers are engaged above the seventh grade and that the untrained teachers are engaged in teaching from the first through the fifth grades. How can we hope to educate Georgia's children if we neglect the foundation in the primary and elementary grades, for a large majority of the children of the State do not pass beyond these grades. If we ever hope to reach anything like equal opportunity for the children of Georgia this must be corrected. We herewith append the conclusions and recommendation of Mr. Martin, all of which we heartily endorse:
"From the foregoing facts, at least the following deductions can be made: 1. Too many of the teachers of the entire state are lacking
in scholarship. 6
That these teachers who are lacking In scholarship are teaching the majority of the children. 3. That the untrained teachers are teaching a majority of the primary children. 4. That the untrained teachers are teaching the one and two-teacher schools and are teaching the primary grades in the three and four-teacher schools. 5. That the untrained teachers remain in the service the shortest length of time. That the untrained teacher remains in one position the shortest length of time. 7. That the untrained teacher remains in the county the shortest length of time. That 882 additional teachers are needed in the state. (This estimate is based on the standard of 35 children per room.) 9. That the largest enrollment is found in the first grade. 10. That the greatest mortality is found between the first and the second grades. 11. That one-half of the children do not go beyond the fourth grade. 12. That only 1.8% of the children who enter the first grade reach the eleventh. 13. That the first, fourth, seventh, and eighth grades are the pivotal points for retardation and mortality, and that in' these grades more attention should be paid to the training of teachers who are employed to teach them. 14. That the greatest amount of retardation is found in those counties whose terms are shortest, salaries lowest, and teachers lacking in scholarship and professional training. 15. That the counties of Bibb, Chatham, Fulton, Muscogee and Richmond, which have, on the whole, superior advantages, lead in positive conditions.
RECOMMENDATIONS.
On the basis of this investigation we make at least the following recommendations:
1. That the State build, equip and maintain a suffifient normal school and university capacity to train an adequate number of teachers.
2. That the State make a more definite and extensive effort to train the teachers who are now in service. (For detailed suggestions on these two items consult Georgia School Report, 1923-24, page 10.)
3. That a fund be created with which to equalize a length of term and salaries of teachers based upon educational qualification in all'counties of the state; for equalization of county school superintendents' salaries; and for the employment of an adequate number of supervisors; to promote consolidation through a building fund.
These things should be done in order to equalize educational opportunity for all the children of all the people of all the communities of all the counties of Georgia."
SUPERVISION.
As is the superintendent, so is the school. Wherever you find a good superintendent you will be very apt to find a splendid school system. Indeed, a good superintendent can correct many of the errors of poor and untrained teachers and obtain splendid results, whereas if there is no supervision, even a school with good teachers may secure poor results.
Our present method of electing county school superintendents is not conducive to obtaining the best results. Too often whole counties have not a man in them such as would make an acceptable county school superintendent. I am sure that the best results and equal opportunity for Georgia's children can never be obtained until the present method is changed and the countv school superintendent is elected by the Board of Education and from anywhere they may get the best man. This will necessitate some means of equalizing salaries of county superintendents so that the weaker men will not be thrown upon the poorer counties for the children in these counties are just as important to the future prosperity of the state as those in the richer and more populous counties.
EQUIPMENT AND BUILDINGS.
Georgia needs to preserve two things, the county school center and the country church. Without these there will be no enduring prosperity in our state. The country school should be a community center around which all of the community interests are gathered. While the building is not the most essential thing to the school, nor to the community, yet is it greatly helpful. There are many communities in Georgia, although they bond themselves to the limit, could not erect a suitable building. Ought not the State in these instances, when a community has done its utmost, to come to the lelief and add a sufficient amount that a building might be erected that would be the pride of the community and adapted to all of the purposes of the school and community center. Equal educational opportunity can be reached in no other way.
STATE APPROPRIATION.
The State is the only agency that can contribute the necessary funds toward giving equal opportunity to its children.
8
Dr. Wager developed a wonderful comparison between the ten richer counties of the state and the ten poorer counties and shows clearly that although you practically confiscate the property of the ten poorer counties it would not educate their children. It is unieasonable to suppose that the State loves a child more because it lives in a rich and populous center rather than a child that, lives in a remote region and in a district where no corporate property can be taxed to help support its schools and, since the State, alone, can equalize this opportunity should not its funds, even to the extent of all of these, if necessary, be used towards extending an equal opportunity for an elementary education to all of her children?
Dawson County has approximately 1,500 white children and a taxable valuation of $450,000. Evidently this amount is not sufficient, though taxed to the utmost, to support as much as three months schools for these children. When Dawson has done her best, and has paid the same millage as Fulton, is it not the bounden duty of the state, loving all her children alike, to come to the relief of Dawson and add a sufficient amount that Dawson's children might have at least an opportunity for a seven months school taught by well trained teachers? Indeed is not the future of the State dependent upon this? Is it not better to train Dawson's children and make them good citizens than to leave them in ignorance and thus add to the enormous expense of supporting courts, jails, and penitentiaries?
UNIFORM SCHOOL BOOK LAW.
This is entirely a misnomer. It is everything but uniform. Georgia has two book laws, the Yeomans the the Uniform. It needs but one. I hope that the Uniform book of law 1903 will be repealed and the Yeomans so modified as to meet all the requirements of the state.
BARRETT-ROGERS FUND.
No one appropriation has meant so much for the schools of Georgia as the $200,000 appropriated for elementary consolidation and high school aid. It has meant an investment of several million dollars by the people of Georgia in better buildings, better equipment, and the employment of better teachers.
9
Up to last year, the distribution of this fund was an easy matter, in that the applications were not sufficient to cover the appropriation. But, today, the applications are far in excess of the amount to be distributed and makes it very difficult to strike worthy applications and to distinguish between those that are
more needy. For 1925 I found it impossible to strike down to 100 high
schools without doing grave injustice to many of the schools stricken. I therefore approved 142 high schools applications and recommend that the amount available so that every school will be given the $1,000; otherwise, each will be reduced to the extent of the $100,000 being divided proportionately among the 142 schools.
The same plan was pursued in the elementary consolidation. By giving each county an opportunity to name two schools for this aid, this was in excess of the appropriation by $11,000 and I recommend that the Legislature make up this amount. After this was done, it was found that a great number of schools, many of which were more worthy than those named in the first list, were, of necessity, omitted. In all they constitute $16,000 I recommend that the Legislature make an appropriation for this amount. The names of each school referred to above is printed in the State School Items, Vol. 2, No. 7.
SUPERVISORS.
In another part of this annual report will be found the reports of Mr. I. S. Smith and Mr. George D. Godard, State School Supervisors, and Mr. E. A. Pound, Director of Certification. All of them have rendered faithful service and their reports speak for themselves.
The other supervisor, Mr. J. O. Martin, has not been asked to make a report since he has been assigned the directorship of the summer schools, as well as a study of the surveys in regard to the teachers of the State. His report will be found printed in the State School Items, Volume 2, No. 8.
CERTIFICATION.
Georgia possessed a very imperfect system of certification of teachers and had not kept in line with the advancement of other states which had, almost without exception, adopted State certification instead of county.
10
Along the line lof equal opportunity for all of its children this was deemed essential for the State, for without teachers of equal training there could never be equal opportunity, and without a uniform method of certifying to this training no standards could ever be set up and no one could know whether a teacher possessed that training needed.
In the spring of 1924 the State Board of Education adopted the present method of State Certification, one of the simplest of all the states and one, I am sure, that will be a model for other states, at least in its general outlines. It caused a furore among the teachers, who misunderstood its purposes as well as its application, and who resented any form of state certification. Under the direction of Mr. E. A. Pound it has been put in force and its successful operation today is without a parallel. More than 13,000 of Georgia's teachers have voluntarily sought this system.
SUMMER SCHOOLS.
With the System of State Certification put in operation and with not sufficient means provided with the summer schools then in existance for those teachers then in service, it was found necessary to ask the Legislature for $20,000 for the purpose of establishing a number of summer schools of a month's duration to be held in various sections of the State. It was decided finally to hold thirteen, one at each of the 12 district A. & M. Schools and one at Ellijay. These were organized with the idea of meeting the needs of those teachers who had not even had a high school education, or, if that, had had no training in professional work. Some thirteen hundred teachers attended these schools in 1924. For 1925 these schools will be held at the same places and the prospects are for a large increase in attendance. It shows clearly that Georgia's teachers are anxious to improve themselves that they may render better service to the children of Georgia if an opportunity be given.
FIFTY-FIFTY.
The general appropriations Act of 1923 contains the fol-
1 owing:
(a) For the salary of State Superintendent
of Schools
$ 2,000.00
11
(b) For salary of a clerk in the State Depart-
ment of Education
l.^oo.uu
(c) For the support and maintenance of the
common or public schools of the State for
each of the years 1924 and 1925
4,250,000.00
(Provided further, that twenty thousand dollars of the common school funds above the four million two hundred fifty thousand dollars be devoted to the holding of teachers institutes in at least twenty places in the State, under the direction of the State Superintendent of Schools.)
(Provided, that should the total revenue of the State exceed the sum of 8,500,000.00 per year, then one-half of the excess of each of said years is hereby appropriated m addition to the above appropriation in accordance with the Act approved August 19, 1919.)
(Provided, that this appropriation shall be composed of special funds and taxes as provided by the Constitution of this State, and shall be kept and expended under the provisions governing same.)
In 1919 the Legislature passed the following which was incorporated in the School Code of that year:
(Section 109. That 50 per cent of all revenues received by the State from all sources of income or taxation shall be used and expended for the support and maintenance of the common schools of Georgia for the year in which said income or taxes are due and payable. This section to go into effect
January 1, 1922.)
Since 1922, the Legislature has incorporated this provision in every appropriation for common schools and yet it has been so interpreted by those who execute the Acts of the General Assembly that nothing has been received. This interpretation has been carried so far as to make it impossible under the language used in the general appropriations act for the Legislature to give anything to the schools other than that mentioned in the gross appropriations. You will note at the begining of the general appropriations, "For the salary of the State Superintendent, $2,000". This obeys a constitutional mandate; "For salary of a clerk in the State Department of Education, $1,200". Surely, you will say, this will be paid. While it may not go for the exact purpose named therein, but surely "to supplement the state school funds. Not so. Although, it has been contained in every Act of the Legislature for the last ten years, yet not one dollar of it has been paid to the Department of Education or to the common school fund, but has been uniformly diverted to other departments of the Capitol, seemingly without any authority of law whatever. If this can be done, does it not raise a
12
serious doubt as to the ability of the Legislature to appropriate to the common schools any other amount than that named in the gross appropriations?
One of two things should be done: either have the Legislature repeal the Fifty-Fifty clause and substitute therefor an amount sufficient to meet the needs of the common schools or else so clarify the language as to make it impossible for any official to divert these funds that the Legislature clearly intended to be used for educational purposes.
AUDITING AND BUDGETING.
Mr. Tom Wisdom, State School Auditor, sets forth a rather terse proposition, yet containing much truth, "As the finances, so the school." No institution can be completely successful that does not husband its resources and at no time spend more than its income. To bring this important question before the superintendents and Boards of education, a series of regional conferences were held in the spring of 1925, some twelve in all, in which this question was presented. The idea of budgets an the necessity for budgeting was rather forcibly presented. I am sure it will have the effect of setting many to think along these lines and much good will grow out of it. Due to the failuie to obey this principle many counties today in Georgia are hopelessly involved and just how they will get out of their difficulties is not yet clear.
Every school system in the state should be required, before drawing any funds whatever from the State Treasury, or before any funds are assigned to that system, to submit a budget of its anticipated revenues and expenditures, naming the sources of its revenue as well as the purpose for which the expenditures will be made, and monthly payment of the State fund should only be made upon submission of monthly reports which should be carefully compared with the original budget. Only by such means can those counties now so much involved get from under the load of this debt and it will prevent other counties in the future from getting into like trouble.
Not only should the county and city systems budget, but is it not wise for the State also to budget her school appropriation? Certainly the present plan of gross appropriation is not the best and does not follow the experience of other states, for
13
when it is made no one knows just the exact amount that will be used for schools and for other purposes. The Legislature, in its general appropriation, should define how the money is to be used, for instance, the amount to be used for administration, for supervision, for auditing, for the common schools, for an
equalizing fund, etc.
It is clearly impossible for one school auditor to perform the duties imposed upon him of auditing the 161 county systems, the more than 100 city systems, the agricultural schools, and all of the state aided colleges. The State Board of Education authorized for the Spring of 1925 the employment of an assistant state auditor and appropriated $1,200 for this purpose out of the general fund. I earnestly recommend to the General Assembly that they provide an assistant for the State School Auditor and designate his salary and maximum expense account. It will make possible the keeping up with the different school systems of the state and thus detecting in time and preventing any school system going overwhelmingly in debt, as so many have during the past few years.
SERMONIZING.
Georgia, in the days of her Habershams, Baldwins, Waltons, and Milledges, established a system of public schools, one of the first in the history of the world and, indeed, so perfect that it would fit even to this day. In each county in the State academies were established, liberally endowed with money and land grants. The trustees of these academies were directed to establish subsidiary schools in different sections of the county so that every child might have opportunity for an elementary education. And, how great was the faith of early Georgia in her future growth and development! With the population along the coast and up the Ogeechee and Savannah, yet when they came to establish a University, the head of her educational system, they went far up in the hills and selected the site where Athens now stands and at that time the Indians had hardly left. Thus was provided in our State an educational system from the lowest up through the highest grades, with endowment and appropriation that, if continued to this day, would magnificently support all of our educational institutions. This, however, was all changed. Just the cause of this we will
14
not enter into a discussion but, at one fell stroke, this magnificent system of education was destroyed and instead there was established, a Poor School Fund. Before a child could be admitted to a free school the parent had to go before the Ordinary and make an affidavit that he was a pauper and this yellow script of dishonor the child presented to the school master before he was admitted as a pupil. Georgians may have been poor, but, thank God, they were proud, too proud to accept this script of shame, and thus there grew up year by year and decade by decade a vast number, too many, of illiterates and near illiterates. This, has profoundly affected the destiny of our State. Once we occupied the proud position of the Empire State of the South but today, at, least two states have marched ahead of us. And, yet, this is not due to our natural resources, for our lands, our forests, and our mines are as rich as they ever were, but we have sadly neglected our richest asset, our children. And, until Georgia fully realizes that the only real wealth she possesses is these children will she ever prosper or deserve to prosper and regain the proud distinction of the Empire State.
There were attempts all along to destroy this Poor School Fund and the principle it represented, but unfortunately it was well founded in Georgia and all attempts were unsuccessful.
A splendid school law was passed by the Legislature, under the leadership of Governor Schley, in 1837 to go into effect in 1840, but before this time an intervening Legislature repealed it and Georgia went back to her Poor School Fund, with poor teachers, teaching poor scholars in poor schools, like a "hog to his wallow".
Again, in that period of 1855 to 1860, led by such men as Georgia F. Pierce, Samuel K. Talmadge, Leonidas B. Mercer, Thomas R. R. Cobb, D. E. Butler, Green B. Haygood, N. M. Crawford, and others, the Legislature was memorialized to change the Poor School Fund and establish a system of public schools. Much good would have come from their work had not the war come on that destroyed it all.
Bishop Pierce, in a report signed by himself as Chairman, with Samuel K. Talmadge and Leonidas B. Mercer, uses the following words:
"The failure of so many well meant experiments naturally suggest the inquiry, What is the cause?--where lies the difficulty? It is in the want of funds, the inequality of popu-
15
lation, the apathy of the people, or the inherent effects of the plans which have been tried? One of the main reasons doubtless to be found in that very condition of society which it is the object of education to change and to remedy. Any, every system, considered in itself, is mere theory, inert, inoperative, and however wise in its arrangements and abundant in pecuniary means.cannot move or act of itself ;it needs agents--intelligent, active, indefatigable agents. In many counties, there are not to be found, either among the people or their juries, a controlling mind--patriotic, enthusiastic-- to stimulate and direct. False views of the duties of citizenship--a meagre sense of parental responsibility--a morbid pride (to be enlightened rather than censured)--a depreciated estimate of the benefits of knowledge compared with the products of manual labor--the debasement and stupefaction of a life of crime, extinguishing all noble aspirations--and the relentless demands of poverty upon the toil of parent and child--all these, and yet other causes, (and these have been and yet are numerous.)
In 1858 Bishop Pierce again in a report to the Georgia Edu-
cational Association, at a meeting held at Marietta, makes the
following statement that is as true today as when written. This
report was also signed by Alonzo Church and David A. Reese:
"But another objection to this plan, and which we think is fatal to its continuance, is its gross injustice to the poorer counties, where there is the greatest number of poor children and the least abiUty to bear taxation. It is deemed unnecessary to argue this point--an example will illustrate it conclusively. The counties of Newton and Jasper pay into the treasury as a State tax, eight thousand nine hundred and ten dollars, and return some hundred and twenty poor children; whilst the counties of Union and Gilmer, which pay fifteen hundred and ninety-four dollars of State tax, return two thousand, eight hundred and eighty-four poor children. Thus in the two counties where comparatively little is wanted, there is much ability to bear taxation, and in the other two, where much is wanted, the people are unable to bear the tax necessary to educate their children. All must see the injustice of such a plan. The children of Union and Gilmer and all counties similarly situated must grow up in ignorance, or the people be ruined by taxation. Thus we believe that we have demonstrated that the present system has not, and cannot answer the objects of general education, or the education of the poor, and that it should be superseded by another. We believe that Georgia should profit by the experience of other states. The experience argument is worth all others in this matter, and adopt at once the system of "Common Schools," discountenancing the odious distinction of poor children, which has kept so many at home and in ignorance, and adopting the name of "common schools"for all the children of the State. This was the opinion of the convention in which the Committee fully concur."
Governor Schley in his message to the General Assembly
of~ Georgia in 1837 makes the following statement, it rang true
then; it rings true today:
16
"The great cause of Education deserves your fosteirng care. About forty thousand dollars are now annually distributed to the counties and constitute what are denominated "the Academic and Poor School Funds." This system is believed to be radically defective. There should be no such designations as "Academic" and "Poor School", because they are invidious and insulting. Poverty, though a great inconvenience, is no crime, and it is highly improper, whilst you offer to aid the cause of education, to say to a portion of the people, "you are poor." Thousands of freeman who, though indigent, are honest, patriotic, and valuable citizens, will refuse your bounty and despise the hand that offers it, because it is accompanied with insult.
These funds should be consolidated under the title "Education Fund" and applied to the uses of primary schools, teaching only the rudiments of an English education.
None but an educated people can preserve the liberty and happiness vouchsafed to us by the blood and treasure expended by our forefathers, and therefore the Legislature should extend, as far as possible, the means of intellectual improvement to the whole mass of the community. Too much ought to be attempted; but it is believed that a great deal of good may be done by distributing the money set apart for education, to the different counties, to be applied for the use of common schools, at which all may be taught for a portion, at least, of every year. A system of this kind is in successful operation in some of the States, and will, if adopted here, it is hoped, effect the great object of the Constitution in regard to education."
The result of this message was the passage of the law es-
tablishing common schools for the state, to go into operation
three years later. The repeal of this splendid law resulted from
the election by the people of Georgia of a reactionary Governor,
for Governor Charles J. McDonald in his message to the General
Assembly inl840 makes the following statement:
"It is impossible for the State, with its limited means, reduced as they are by the mal-appropriation of the taxes, to afford gratuously the blessing of education to every child within her boundary. I would therefore recommend that the laws on this subject be revised, and that the children of such parents only, as are unable to educate them, be embraced within their provisions."
The splendid efforts of many of Georgia's best citizens to
remove the shame of the Poor School Fund from the statute
books and establish a system of Common Schools open alike
to all of her children continued and would have been completly
consummated in the year 1861 but the war came on and accomp-
lished this, the destruction of the system which the best efforts
of Georgia's wisest men had been unable to do.
17
We again, quote from the message of Governor Hershel V.
Johnson in 1857 and you will note that his recommendations
could be put into execution today and not destroy at all our
present school system. Indeed, most of its provisions are al-
ready incorporated in our present school system:
"Education is the friend of the State. It will elevate the people It will diminish crime and the expense of executing the law It will prize out the poor from the mire into which innocent poverty has sunken them and placed them on intellectual equality with the favored sons of fortune. It will dig from the mine many an unpolished gem to glitter in the crown of cultivated society. It will stimulate enterprise and direct its energies to profitable objects. It will dignify labor, and open new channels for capital. It will disinter the mineral wealth of the state and add millions to the production of agriculture. It will bring into the field of science an array of mind that will adorn our escutcheon, and dazzle the worlds by its achievements. In a word, Georgia must fail of her great mission, without the adoption of a wise and comprehensive educational policy. Away, then, with that narrow stinginess which begrudges a dollar to such a cause, while it is often wasteful of thousands upon objects that possess little or no merit. Go forward boldly, firmly, liberally, to meet the wants of the state. Adjust your scheme to the character of our population. Apply to the task your wisest deliberations; impart to it the elements of self-vindication and self-support. Make it simple in its details and dependent, for its success and growth, upon the voluntary support of the people.
Can such a system of common school education be devised? What has been accomplished in other states, can be done here. Upon so delicate and difficult a subject, I present the outline of a plan with diffidence, but I make the venture for what it is worth, hoping that it may, at least, prove suggestive of something better.
1. Authorize each county, at its option, to be divided into common school districts of such dimensions that children can walk in their several boundaries to the schoolhouses, to be located in the centers.
2. Let each district be clothed with the power of self taxation, and the appointment of a Treasurer.
3. Let each district, by public meeting, annually to be held, declare what sum they are willing to raise for common purposes therein, to be collected by taxation, as the state tax is now collected by law, and to be paid over to the district treasurer.
4. Upon the report of the district treasurer to the executive, of the amount actually collected, let the Governor be authorized to draw his warrant on the State Treasurer for a like sum, to be paid to the said district Treasurer, which, together with the money thus collected by voluntary taxation, shall constitute a Common School Fund for such districts for the year for which it may be intended.
18
5 Let the Common School District Treasurer be required to give bond and security, under the approval of the Inferior Court of the County, for the faithful application of the funds and to make annual returns to the Inferior Court, on the first Monday in January, in each year, accompanied with vouchers for his disbursements.
In 1877 when Georgia assembled in Constitutional Convention to make the present Constitution of the State, words were written in that instrument that have shackled every child in Georgia and prevented him from having an equal opportunity with Children of other states. They provided for elementary schools, however meager the support; they provided for a university and permitted donations to be made thereto if there were sufficient funds in the Treasury, but not only did they not provide for those four years known as high school and essential for the child to pass from the elementary schools to the University, but they forbade the Legislature to make appropriations from the general funds, or in any way to maintain these high schools. Thus, the rich man could send his child t - a private school; wealthy and populous cities walled themselves about and provided means of high school education for their children, but eighty per cent of Georgia's children were left beyond these walls and practically denied the right of a high school education.
These restrictions that have so shackled Georgia's children occured in three places in Georgia's Constitution. In two of these they have been stricken; one yet remains and it is hoped that the approaching General Assembly will offer to the people a Constitutional Amendment, striking this, which I am sure
they will gladly do.
One of the strangest things in all the history of our State has been this opposition to public education as expressed in the Poor School Fund, as expressed in the Constitution of 1877, and especially denying the people, except as they should live in municipalities, the'right to tax themselves to help educate their own children. The restrictions in regard to this were so great that only one county in all Georgia voted a local school tax, and that
was Glynn County in 1886.
This Constitution had hardly been adopted before bill after bill had been introduced in the Legislature modifying it and giving to the districts and counties the right of taxation for schools. It always met bitter opposition in the Legislature and
19
its opponents were successful in defeating it until 1905 when the McMichael Bill was passed that made it, for the first time possible for districts to organize to vote local tax for school purposes and, under restrictions not prohibitory. This marked the begining of Georgia's progress. From that date its growth has
been phenomenal.
There are districts in Georgia whose sacrifices are indeed heroic, far away from railroads, without any corporate property to tax, with their little farms, which have for two years in succession been deluged with floods and crops destroyed by pests, yet are taxing themselves more than twenty mills that they might give to their children better opportunities and, still, with these heroic sacrifices the valuation of the property of their district is not sufficient to support more than a six months school, or at the most, seven months. Ought not Georgia to come to
the relief of these districts?
CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS FOR THE SUPPORT OF THE SCHOOLS.
With words stricken referred to in a former part of this report, Georgia will have almost a perfect Constitution and adequate to maintain a splendid system of schools. Let us bring these provisions together, using brackets where the words are omitted and putting in brackets the words to be stricken.
COMMAND
"There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of the children( ), as nearly uniform as practicable the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation, or otherwise. The schools shall be free to all children of the State, but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races.
STATE TAX
Section 1. Paragraph 1. The powers of taxation over the whole state shall be exercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only:
For the support of the State government and the public institutions.
For educational purposes, (in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only.)
COUNTY TAX Section 3. Paragraph 1. The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any County the right to levy a tax
20
for any purpose, except for educational purposes ( ); to build and repair the public buildings and bridges; to maintain and support prisoners; to pay jurors and coroners; and for litigation, quarantine, roads and expenses of courts to support paupers and pay debts heretofore existing; to pay the county police, and to provide for necessary sanitation.
LOCAL TAX Authority is granted to the counties and municipal corporations upon the recommendation of the corporate authority to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation. The proper county authorities whose duty it is to levy taxes for county purposes in this State shall, on the recommendation of the Board 01 Education, assess and collect taxes for the support of public schools under its control not less than one nor more than five mills on the dollar of all taxable property of the county outside of independent local systems, which shall be distributed equitably according to the school population, tax values, the number of teachers and their grade of license among the public schools therein. An additional levy to that already allowed not to exceed five mills shall.be permissable in independent local systems, municipalities or school districts on a two-thirds vote of those voting. No additional election shaU be required to maintain any local school tax now in existence in districts, counties, or municipalities, provided this bill shall not apply to counties having a local school system of taxation adopted prior to tne Constitution of 1877."
Respectfully submitted, N. H. BALLARD
State Superintendent of Schools.
2.1
GEORGIA State School Items
Published Monthly by the Department oj Education.
Vol.2
October 1, 1925.
No. 11
FORT E. LAND STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS.
Entered as second-class matter October 5, 1923, at the Post Office of Atlanta, Georgia, under the Act of August 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized October 5, 1923.
ATLANTA, GA.
AMERICAN EDUCATION WEEK
TO SUPERINTENDENTS AND TEACHERS:
During American Education Week the attention of your entire community and county should be focused upon the schools.
1 Superintendents, principals, teachers, Parent-Teacher Associations and all others who are connected with or feel an interest in public education should participate in the celebration of this week which has become a permanent American Institution.
2 I am especially interested in the suggestion that business be put aside long enough for committees to be formed who will get m ?heir cars and go to the open country where they may see not only the best consolidated schools but view also the small one-teacher schools and study there the educational needs of the county.
3 I am hoping that one or more days be set apart during the week when a committee or committees of leading, influential business men and women be induced to make an automobile trip (or Sps if several committees) under the leadership of the county superintendent and members of the county board * eduo to personally inspect the conditions and inadequacies of the unsatis factory schools in the several counties.
At least one efficient consolidated school in the county (or nearby county) should be visited for purposes of comparison.
It should be distinctly understood that the purpose of such visitation is not to advertise the strongest and best schools of the rounties but to seek out the worst and weakest conditions with the purpose of remedying them.
4 At night or the next day there should be a meeting of the committee or committees together with county officials pastors, prominent women, and interested citizens generally, at which rePorts should be made of conditions discovered as to housing conditions, equipments, sanitation, playgrounds, locations, etc., etc., erf the schools visited, and a general discussion of the public^school situation of the county, with recommendations as to their better-
ment. 5 A committee should be appointed to draft a formal report to
the county board of education upon the findings of the committees and the meeting, with recommendations. Such report shooldaaso be published in local papers, and a copy forwarded to the State Department of Education.
6. The State School Supervisors and all other agencies of the State Department of Education are ready to enter heartily and actively into such proposed project, and to encourage and render every possible assistance to county superintendents and boards in organizing and carrying out the proposed campaign.
Yours truly,
FORT E. LAND,
State School Superintendent.
By the President 01 the United States of America
A PROCLAMATION
Education is becoming well-nigh universal in America. The rapidity of its expansion within the past half century has no precedent. Our system of public instruction, administered by State and local officers is peculiarly suited to our habits of life and to our plan of government, and it has brought forth abundant fruit.
In some favored localities only one, two, or three persons in a thousand between the ages of 16 and 20 are classed as Illiterate. High schools and academies easily accessible are offering to the youth of America a greater measure of education than that which the founders of the Nation received from Harvard, William and Mary, Yale and Princeton; and so widely diffused has advanced study become that the bachelor's degree is no longer a symbol of unusual
learning.
All this is reason for gratification; but in the contemplation of worthy achievement we must still be mindful that fuU provision has not yet been made throughout the country for education of either elementary, secondary, or higher grade. Large numbers nave not been reached by the blessings of education. The efficiency of the schools in rural communities is, in general, relatively low; too often their equipment is meager, their teachers poorly prepared, and their terms short. High schools, notwithstanding their extraordinary growth, have not kept pace with the demand for instruction; even in great cities many students are restricted to half-time attendance and in outlying districts such schools are frequently insufficient in number or inadequate in quality. In higher education the possibilities of existing institutions have been reached and it is essential that their facilities be extended or that junior colleges m consider-
able numbers be established.
These deficiencies leave no room for complacency. The utmost endeavor must be exerted to provide for every child in the land the full measure of education which his need and his capacity demand; and none must be permitted to live in ignorance. Marked benefit has come in recent years from nation-wide campaigns for strengthening public sentiment for universal education, for upholding the hands of constituted school authorities, and for promoting meritorious legislation in behalf of the schools. Such revivals are whole-
some and should continue.
Now therefore, I, Calvin Coolidge, President of the United States, do proclaim the week beginning November sixteenth as American Education Week, and I urge that it be observed throughout the United States. I recommend that the Governors of the several States issue proclamations setting forth the necesity of education to a free people and requesting that Amercan Education Week be appropriately celebrated in their respective States. 1
urge further that localofficers, civic, social, and religious organizations, and citizens of every occupation contribute with all their strength to the advance of education, and that they make of American Education Week a special season of mutual encouragement in promoting that enlightenment upon which the welfare of the Nation depends.
In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed.
Done in the City of Washington on this 18th day of Sep[seal ] tember in the year of our Lord One Thousand Nine
Hundred and Twenty-five and of the Independence of the United States the One Hundred and Fiftieth.
By the President: Frank B. Kellogg Secretary of State
CALVIN COOLIDGE.
A PROCLAMATION
by
The Governor of Georgia,
Hon. Clifford Walker.
Whereas, the U. S. Bureau of Education, The American Legion, and the National Education Association have, annually for the past several years, designated a week in November to be known as American Education Week, and
Whereas, the importance of the observance of this week is such as to call forth annually a proclamation of the President of the United States and of the governors of each state of our great country,
and Whereas, the proper preparation of our youth is the most im-
portant consideration that can engage the attention of men,
Therefore, I, Clifford Walker, Governor of the State of Georgia, believing in the paramount importance of education and in the necessity for the proper observance of this week dedicated annually to education and to a consideration of the best interests of our youth, do approve setting apart the week of November 16-21 and recommend that every school of this great commonwealth, every citizen and every individual participate in the proper observance of this week in accordance with the recommendation and instructions to be issued by the State Superintendent of Schools, Hon.
Fort E. Land.
An official circular letter will be issued by him to each County Superintendent requesting that in every county the business men, the ladies, each and every civic club aswellasevery school and Board of Education be enlisted during this week in the cause of education. Under the leadership of the County Superintendent in each county, it is hoped that influential business men, members of civic and social clubs may be induced to visit and personally inspect conditions in the various schools of the county to the end that schools which are satisfactory may be improved and those which are unsatisfactory may be given immediate attention. The elimination of many of our smaller schools is undoubtedly advisable and the development of stronger and better schools, consolidated schools, is the crying need of the hour. If the observance of this week should result in more and better consolidated schools throughout the state, its observance would be more than worthwhile.
In addition to the interest manifested during the days of this week in the cause of education, certain nights of the week should be devoted to a consideration of the reports of committees previously appointed, and to addresses by citizens who are most vitally interested in the educational affairs of the county and the state.
There has been great progress educationally in Georgia for the past several years, and I cherish the hope that during the week before mentioned, our people will take an interest in this great subject as never before, and that something tangible, concrete, and really constructive may be developed in each and every county. We need better schools, longer terms, better trained teachers, better school equipment. Let the people of Georgia manifest the proper interest in this week devoted to education, and eventually, Georgia will rank where she ought to rank educationally among the states of our great nation.
Given under my hand and the Great Seal of the State of Georgia, at Atlanta, this the 17th day of October, 1925.
CLIFFORD WALKER,
Governor.
AMERICAN EDUCATION WEEK
has become a permanent institution. It deals with problems so fundamental that it appeals to all the people and becomes more successful each year as parents and teachers understand that education touches the whole of life.
The following program is projected by the American Legion, the National Education Association, and the United States Bureau of Education. It can easily be modified to fit into the plans of different organizations and communities. Many communities and States will follow the program as it stands. Others will provide for special days and topics to meet particular needs.
Plans for proclamations by the President of the United States, by State Governors and City Mayors have already been made more extensively than a year ago. Newspapers, educational journals general magazines, and radio managers are planning farther ahead for the observance of the Week.
During this Week let every community study not only its educational plant, but also its educational ideals and the community and atmosphere in which children are brought up. Let parents visit teachers and teachers visit parents in an effort to solve the common problems of children. Let the Week be a time of deeper understanding on the part of the people of the role education has played, is playing, and must play in the life of our great democracy.
American Education Week is the only time in all the year when the entire Nation is called upon to dedicate itself anew to the great task of universal education for democratic living. The schools themselves have a remarkable opportunity to teach every boy and girl his responsibility as a citizen to help maintain an educational system which will perpetuate the best in the life and ideals of the Republic.
CONSTITUTION DAY
Monday, November 16,1925
The Constitution is the bulwark of Democracy and opportunity
1. Unity, justice, tranquility, defense, welfare, and liberty
2. Our Constitution guarantees these rights
3. Our Constitution is the expression of the will of the people
4. One Constitution, one Union, one Flag, one History
Slogans--Ballots, not bullets Know the Constitution Visit your schools today
PATRIOTISM DAY
Tuesday, November 17,1925 The Flag of the United States of America is the symbol of the ideals
and institutions of our Republic 1. Our Flag insures the sanctity of life and the security of property 2. It quickens the sense of public duty 3. Voting is the primary duty of the patriot 4. Our National honor must be preserved from unjust attack
Slogans--America first Vote at all elections Visit your schools today
SCHOOL AND TEACHER DAY
Wednesday, November 18, 1926 It is not too much to say that the need of civilization is the need of teachers.--Calvin Coolidge.
1. The teacher is a nation builder 2. The school is the foundation of democracy 3. Provide for the needs of your schools 4. Trained teachers require adequate compensation 5. The teaching of patrotism is the duty of all public servants
Slogans--The better the teacher the better the school Visit your schools today
CONSERVATION AND THRIFT DAY Thursday, November 19, 1925 The forests of America, however slighted by man, must have been
a great delight to God.--John Muir 1. Conserve our National resources 2. Prevent forest fires 3. Industry and thrift spell prosperity 4. Saving insures happiness
Slogans--Plant a tree Work and save Visit your schools today
KNOW YOUR SCHOOL TODAY
Friday, November 20, 1925 Progressive civilization depends upon progressive education
1. Schools must progress with the times 2. Preparation for modern-day life demands a broader course of
study 3. The school must be kept abreast of science and invention 4. A little invested in education saves much expended on crime,
poverty, and disease
Slogans--Good schools for all communities Make your schools livable Visit your schools today
COMMUNITY AND HEALTH DAY
Saturday, November 21, 1925 Physical education means health and strength
1. The school is a community center 2. Equality of opportunity for every American boy and girl 3. Public library service for every community
4. Proper food and rest for children 5. A health officer for every community 6. Adequate parks for city, state and nation
Slogans--A square deal for the country boy and girl A sound mind in a sound body Visit your neighbor today
FOR GOD AND COUNTRY DAY
Sunday November 22,1925 Religion, morality, and education are necessary for good government
1. Education in the home 2. Education in the school 3. Education in the church
Slogans--A Godly nation cannot fail Visit your church today
Ministers of all denominations are urged to preach a sermon on education, either morning or evening. All communities are urged to hold mass meetings. Local school authorities, posts of the American Legion, State educational institutions, and officers of civic and other cooperating organizations will be glad to furnish speakers. American Legion posts are making special preparation to be of assistance to the educational authorities in every community in the United States.
SUGGESTIONS FOR
Churches, Chambers of Commerce, Labor Organizations, Women's Organizations, Fraternal Bodies, Luncheon Clubs, and Other Cooperating Agencies
1. Urge the mayor to issue a proclamation setting aside this week as American Education Week and asking the people to cooperate.
2. Urge the newspapers to give all space possible to educational matters, articles, editorials, and news material, including the printing of this program in full.
3. Urge the merchants to use window displays appropriate for the occasion. Urge them to devote as much space as possible to matters of education in their newspaper advertisements.
4. Ask the moving picture theaters to flash slides on the screen urging the people to visit the schools and study educational questions.
5. Urge program managers of radio broadcasting stations to feature educational addresses and school programs.
6. Have speakers at all public meetings held that week talk a few minutes on the necessity of education.
7. Cooperate with the educational officials, and other patriotic, civic, and fraternal organizations.
8. Advertise American Education Week on letter heads and envelopes.
9. Urge ministers of all denominations to preach upon the subject of education, Sunday November 22, 1925.
10. Persons preparing programs or addresses may obtain from:
American Legion, Indianapolis, Indiana, suggestions for speakers and other material.
National Education Association, 1201 Sixteenth Street Northwest, Washington, D. O, a Research Bulletin giving facts on the program.
U. S. Bureau of Education, Washington, D. O, broadsides and other material on Education Week.
To Aid in the observance of American Education Week, the Bureau of Education has issued the following publications: (1) "How, Why, and When to Prepare for American Education Week," a phamphlet of 32 pages containing general suggestions for organization, descriptions of successful efforts with mention of attrac-
tive devices employed, specific material for each day of the week, references to suitable literature, and hints for lessons and other exercises in the schools. Price, 5 cents per copy; in lots of 100 or more, 3 cents each. (2) "Broadside," containing new articles written for the occasion by distinguished writers, general information, statistics, and quotations useful for newspaper articles and addresses. Price, 5 cents; in lots of 100 or more, 2 cents each. (3) The October number of School Life is American Education Week number and contains suggestive material for the observance. Price, 5 cents per copy. (4) "School and Teacher Day," a folder with illustrations and detailed information relating especially to this day, but useful as a model for either of the other days. Suggests ways of basing school activities on community problems and local interests. Price, 5 cents per copy; in quantity, $1.00 per 100. (5) "The
Quest of Youth," a historical pageant for schools, comprising 102 pages. Price, 10 cents per copy; in lots of 100 or more, 6 cents each. Orders for these publications should be sent as early as practicable to the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office,
Washington, D. O.
GEORGIA
State School Items
Published Monthly by the Department of Education.
Vol.2
December 15, 1925
No. 12
FORT E. LAND,
State Superintendent of Schools.
Entered as second-class matter October 5. 1923. at the Post Office of Atlanta Georgia, under the Act of August 24 1912 Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Sect.on 1103 Act ot October 3. 1917. authorized October 5, 1923.
ATLANTA, GA.
TO SUPERINTENDENTS, BOARD MEMBERS, TEACHERS AND OTHERS:
"Before me, even as behind, God is, and all is well." JOHN GREENLEAF WHITTIER.
The Season's greetings and all good wishes. The old year is fast drawing to a close and by the time this reaches you, we will have entered upon the duties and responsibilities of a new year.
1925 has brought success and in some instances failure, yet it is hoped that in no instance, discouragement. While none of us, doubtless, have accomplished all we set out to do in the beginning of the year, yet progress has been made.
People all over the State are thinking about the improvement of educational conditions and how to accomplish them. While the full educational program was not passed at the last session of the Legislature, it is my candid opinion that every member of the General Assembly is deeply interested in better schools and an enlarged educational program for the State. There are honest differences of opinion regarding methods for bettering school conditions, but there seems to be no doubt about the final end to be accomplished--a unified State School system with well trained teachers, a nine months term and equality of educational opportunity for every boy and girl in the State, whether they live in the coves of the mountains or the plains of the wire grass, in the city or the country districts.
We all have a glorious opportunity to serve in the building of a greater and better Georgia through the education of her youth. Let each of us rise to the occasion in a fair spirit of cooperation and at the end of 1926 be able to say that we have done our best for the children of the State.
The article presented herewith sets forth only a partial program. There are other very necessary elements which must be considered in the growth of a state system of schools.
I want to take this opportunity to thank you for the very fine spirit of helpfulness manifested toward me during the few months of my administration. If I am to be of real service to Georgia it must be through the aid which you can give and which I so earnestly desire. I can only say that it is in a spirit of humility that I have assumed the great responsibilities which you have thrust upon me.
Faithfully yours,
FORT E. LAND,
State Superintendent of Schools.
PUBLIC SCHOOL EDUCATION IN GEORGIA,
by FORT E. LAND,
State Superintendent of Schools.
T.HE present system of public ^*nQr^7VS T HSS^TS ^SUlZ^Too^ln schools for
the education of children in the elementary branches of an EngSreducation only, as nearly uniform as practicable, expenses of wSch shall be proved for by taxation and otherwise. The so hoc> s ^11 be free to all children of the State, but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races.
The restrictions in the Constitution of '77, limiting the education o tS children to the branches of an English educationonlywlth no provision for a local tax in the several counties of the State To supplement the state school fund, placed a handicap which retarded educational progress and development in he S ate for more than a Quarter of a century. And, we are still feeling the TvU effects resulting from the limitations in the Constitution of 77.
in the first place, the Legislature of '78, foilo*ton of the Constitution, provided a fund of only W^OO. ^ a school census of 433,444 which was 36c per child; and yet the ConsUtuon just adopted, provided that the schools must be ireTto a\l t Je children of the State. This small appropriation was made in ace of the fact that the county had no legal authority Tra\se one penny for public funds by taxation for tn^suppo of its public schools. The consequence was that communities des ring more education, and better education, than 36c per pupil wouSf buy, contracted with teachers on what was known as a Tuition basis; the teacher being allowed to receive whatever the State paid and in addition to that to charge so much per month
or year for each child entering school.
Nearly every day there comes to my desk letters from patrons from one end of Georgia to the other complaining that their children cannot enter school unless they pay a tuition or admission fee.
This iniquitous system of charging tuition was fastened upon the State in the early days of the present school system by the peopfe themselves in 111 parts of Georgia because the small State appropriation would not buy the kind of education which the people wanted for their children. Notwithstanding the fact that we have enlarged the State appropriation and local taxes for schools, Se system of charging tuition still remains in many communities despiS the fact that the Constitution clearly says that the schools shah be free to all children of the State. This results from that same desire on the part of the people today to buy a better kind of education than the present State appropriation and the local tax runds will furnish. How long will the collection of tuition and entrance fees continue? My opinion is until the State and local
funds are sufficient to give all children of the State a nine months' term in well equipped school buildings under the direction of well trained and promptly paid teachers.
There is another serious evil which grew out of the organization of the present school system. The first State appropriation, after adoption of the Constitution, upon which the schools were supposed to run for a year was made in February of 1878. The schools were immediately started and were run in the several counties throughout the year with the teachers collecting what tuition they could from the people and waiting until December, when the State taxes were collected, for their pay from the State School Fund. This resulted in throwing the payment of the State School Fund just one year behind, and it has continued so on until the
present day.
Georgia now appropriates $5,000,000 as a public school fund, but the counties are forced to borrow against this fund in order to start their schools in January and run through the year, paying on an average for the past four years over $100,000 a year in interest. This interest money is deducted from the State school appropriation in the discounts which the counties take on their school warrants. So after all, the State school appropriation is reduced each year by over $100,000 which lessens the ability of the counties to pay adequate salaries, and in the end, the teachers and children are the losers. A plan was proposed at the last session of the legislature to correct this error, and will be again proposed when the legislature reassembles.
Under the Constitution, no community or county could establish a high school. Consequently, the enterprising and forward-looking communities--where most of the wealth and the best that the State afforded in education was centered--believing in thorough and public education, paid for entirely out of public funds, went to the legislature and asked to be incorporated under special school charters, permitting local taxes for schools, high school education, bonds for school buildings, etc. Out of this condition came systems such as we have now in Columbus, Americus, Dawson, Moultrie, Cordele, Atlanta, Rome, LaGrange, Cedartown, Bainbridge and many other places in the State. The consequence is that these places are walled off so far as school development goes for the rural sections of the county in which they are located. They are run under an entirely separate and independent system from the county--a different Board of Education and a Superintendent who is usually a four-year graduate of some leading college or university, with experience in teaching and supervision. He is paid a fairly adequate salary, ranging from $2,500 to $6,000 a year, depending upon the size of the system in which he works.
Doubtless the greatest bar to the development of a real educational system in Georgia today is the lack of an educational con-
sciousness among all classes in all sections of the State. People in the cities and towns such as I have named, having a nine-months term with well-paid teachers, good buildings and equipment, and all that goes to make a good school, are apparently satisfied with their schools and do not feel the needs such as are felt in the rural sections and the weaker counties of the State where oftentimes there is only a four or five months' term, taught in a poor building with no equipment, by an untrained teacher, who is sometimes placed in the school through the influence of local politics rather
than for educational qualifications.
One can well imagine the frame of mind of the average legislator who comes from the town or city having ideal school conditions. We can also imagine the frame of mind of one who comes from a community having the poorest sort of school conditions. One of Georgia's most distinguished citizens recently made the statement to me that the greatest need in Georgia today is an educational consciousness on the part of all of the people. He was doubtless cor-
rect.
Not until 1910 were restrictions in the Constitution prohibiting secondary education stricken, and not until 1906 was permission given to the counties and districts to levy a local tax for the sup-
port of the public schools.
Real progress in public school development in Georgia had its beginning in the passage of the local tax amendment ratified in 1906 after a three years' compaign followed by the Elders-Carswell Act of 1919 requiring every county in the State to levy at least one mill, with the privilege of five mills, for the purpose of educational progress and further making it possible for any district in the county to vote an additional five mills for local school support; and further making it possible for counties or districts to vote bond issues for the erection of school buildings and the purchase of equipment.
These amendments released the brakes which had, since the adoption of the Constitution in 1877, clogged the educational machinery and thwarted many worthy efforts to better educational conditions in the State. We have made a good beginning, but there is much yet to be done before a real State system of education can be developed--much underbrush to be cut out.
First There ought to be enlarged powers of the State Board of Education with especial reference to the training and supervision of teachers. The office of State Superintendent is recognized now in all of the States as a professional job, and no professional job ought to be subject to the whims of politics. The State Board of Health elects its secretary, a thoroughly able physician with especial training in public health work. On the same principle the State Board of Education should elect its secretary and executive officer--the State Superintendent of Schools.
Georgia is spending millions of dollars upon the erection of new school buildings. Hardly a week passes that some community in the State does not vote a bond issue for school buildings. While most of these buildings are being put up under the direction of an architect yet the State Department of Education needs the services of a'building supervisor to check up on these buildings to see that they meet the standard or requirements in economy, safety
and sanitation.
The people of America are thinking as never before about the subj ect of health. It is a matter of public concern and one in which the schools are vitally interested. First consideration should be given to the health of the child because unless he has good health L cannot be well taught. We have upon our statute books a physical education law, but the schools and teachers of the State need to be aided under the direction of a State Supervisor of Physical Education in the organization of their health studies, health exercises clinics, examinations and weights of children, etc. This department should be closely correlated with the work of the State
Board of Health.
Finances
While the State and Counties have increased expenditures for public schools from $1,547,132 in 1903 to the sum of $17,356,210 in 1924, there is much yet to be done in the proper financing of this
State school system.
The recent session of the Georgia Legislature passed what is known as the budget law, which requires every county board of education to make out and adopt at the beginning of the year a budget showing receipts and expenditures. A copy of this budget
is to be forwarded to the State Department of Education. The intelligent preparation of a budget requires a careful study of the educational needs of the county and the cost of supplying the need It has been felt for some time that educational matters should be put on a more business-like basis. Private corporations have for years prepared budgets, kept an accurate and detailed system of accounting for all receipts and expenditures, and have made reports monthly, quarterly and annually. If private corporations need this information, planning and protection, and if they find the cost of making budgets, keeping accounts and reporting worth what it costs, the question naturally arises, why is it not equally essential that public affairs, including education, employ these same business-like methods? It pays private corporations and it will pay the public. Other States have employed the use of budgets, accounting systems, records and reports. The United States has adopted the budget system and the State Auditor and State budget system is in line with this trend. Some counties in Georgia have already adopted these business-like methods.
Statistics
in addition to the budget system, the statistical reports are being made to conform as nearly as possible to requirements of the UnTtecf States Bureau of Education, which is thejgreat clearing house of information for all the States. In this way.comparative studies of what Georgia is doing may be made, and.our requests for increased funds, etc., be based upon accurate information. Through the generosity of the General-Education Board we have been enabled to establish this year in the State Department of Education a Bureau of Information and Statistics.^under direction of a man especially trained for the job. This bureau has already
begun to function in a most helpful way.
Plans For Prompt Payment of Teachers
As I have stated previously, provision should be made for the prompt payment of schoolteachers and other expenses.of running a county school system. The following plan, worked out by our State School Auditor, has been proposed to the State Legislature for the prompt payment of the State School Fund to.the.different
county and city systems:
Our legal year does not coincide with our actual school year, which results in many difficulties, confusions, and errors in reports Our schools operate from September through May, yet our reports are required to be made as of December 31. This necessitates the mixing of two terms in the same school year, possibly taught by different teachers. This means very often the duplication of figures in teachers' reports and often counting children twice in the same grades, and the financial reports, particularly,
never reflect the true condition.
The worst feature of our present system is the financial side of it Our taxes are levied in the fall; the last day for paying taxes is December 20. Often not more than forty per cent--sometimes less--of the taxes are paid by that date. The remaining amount is collected in the following year from time to time. The next year, under different conditions, perhaps a larger or less per cent of taxes may be collected by December 20, and therefore the reports of actual cash receipts would not be level over two years, even though the tax rate is the same, and the amount of taxable property
is the same each year.
Under our warrant system some of the counties insist upon 70 per cent some as high as 80 per cent, of their warrants for the spring term, all of which is out of line with the manner in which the funds should be distributed.
To change the school year to begin July 1, instead of January 1, would leave a gap of six months to be accounted for. My idea is that the best plan and most businesslike way of handling this would be to issue $3,000,000 of State of Georgia common school
bonds, at 8} or 4 per cent, running for 30 years, to be used during the period of trie change from January 1 to July 1, then let our regular appropriation begin July 1 of each year and end June 30. By retiring $100,000 a year the full $3,000,000 acn be retired within 30 years and the only cost would be the interest on these bonds. During the past four years a little more than $100,000 per year in interest on the Governor's warrants discounted by the various counties of the State, has been paid. The above plan would practically obviate the necessity for borrowing or discounting of warrants, and if the money is paid out ratably the schools can operate
absolutely on a cash basis. Provision should be made for retiring these bonds by a special
appropriation, but, even if the cost were to be charged against the common school fund it would amount to but little more than is now being paid on school warrants which now comes out of the
common school fund. The real value of this plan would be that after issuing $3,000,000
to care for the schools from January 1 to July 1, the fiscal year and the actual operation of our schools would run concurrently.
We would receive in each fiscal year all of the funds which have been appropriated by the State and all of the tax money which has been levied by the several counties, and on June 30 the books can be closed, with a correct statement of receipts from all sources, and there would be no hang-overs and no splitting of terms in order to make up reports, as is now the case.
Beginning with the first year by retiring $100,000 principal each year for 30 years and at the rate of 3J per cent, the total amount of principal and interest would be $4,627,500. Deduct from this, principal $3,000,000, would leave interest $1,627,500. The average interest for State warrants paid the past four years conservatively figured is $117,580. If this were continued over a period of 30 years, we will have paid out $3,527,400 interest and still we would be no better off than we are today.
Under the plan suggested, at the end of 30 years, using the past four years as an average, we could retire the $3,000,000 principal and in addition pay $527,400 interest, which would leave a balance of interest to be provided for of $1,100,100. If at 4 per cent beginning with the first year retiring $100,000 principal each year for 30 years, the total amount of principal and interest would be $4,860,000; deduct from this $3,000,000 principal would leave interest $1,860,000. Based on the same average of interest as above, namely, $117,580, we could retire the $3,000,000 principal and pay $527,400 on interest, leaving a balance of interest to be provided for of $1,332,600, all of which could be easily done, and our school finances would be in good shape and would be operating on a cash basis and not be hampered with having to borrow as we are at this time. If we continue under our present plan our finances will never be in any better shape than they are now, possibly worse.
II we can issue the bonds as suggested in this article, then our school system will be on a good, sound financial basis and the budget system under which we are now operating will become very simple and will act as a safeguard and prevent many mistakes which have been made in the past by a number of counties.
Equalization
When our payments are arranged on a cash basis, and the regular State appropriation is made as large as possible, we still need an equalization fund to establish in the weaker counties and communities a uniform length of term throughout the State with teachers paid under a uniform salary schedule fixed by the State
Board of Education.
The plan of the equalization fund would be to require every county in the State to levy a minimum of local taxes of at least five mills Then if this is not enough to run all the schools of the county uniformly in length of term and pay of teachers, the State out of its equalization fund would step in and pay to that county enough money to bring its schools up to the standard set by the
State. in order that the counties may not look upon the State in a
paternalistic light, every county should be required to do according to her ability, that is levy a tax of at least five mill, for the pubhc schools as a demonstration of good faith and as a condition to be met before they can participate in the state equalization fund No county should expect the State to help it until it has attempted to help itself This would also, more than anything else, tend to make the county a unit of education in Georgia in reality as well
as in theory. in a democracy which is a government "of the people, by the
people and for the people," organized for the "public welfare the government can be no more stable than the voters are intelligent The uneducated voter is influenced in casting his ballot by Prejudice, passion, intolerance, lack of information and inability to see through the false reasoning of the petty, time-serving and selfish politician. It is easy then to see and understand that the security and perpetuity of the nation depends upon an enlighten-
ed and happy electorate.
It has been said that no chain is stronger than its weakest link. It may be said with equal truth that no nation can become and remain strong so long as the boys and girls in poorer counties and rural areas do not have educational opportunities in order that they may make the most of themselves for their own and the nation's good. The uneducated group cannot understand and therefore will not follow the educated group.
Those States which have spent the most per capita for education are those which have the greatest wealth per capita. Educa-
tion is economically productive and all money spent for education is a splendid investment which will bring returns to the State in
dollars.
The mobility of people and wealth makes the education of boys and girls in the poorer areas a matter of vital concern to the wealthier areas. An ignorant boy born in the poorest county in Georgia may move between sundown and sunrise to the wealthiest county in the State, where his ballot will carry equal weight with the educated boy who has been given the best educational opportunities, and he may become dissatisfied and bolshevik or criminal, or may, in his old age, become a burden to the community. No town or county can lift itself by its own bootstraps far above surroundings. The welfare of all in the State are intimately tied up together, and it is therefore of concern to all that every child in Georgia has a chance to make the most of himself, for himself and for the economic, industrial and political welfare of the State. This can never be realized in Georgia until we have written an enabling act upon our statute books and provided an equalization fund of at least a million dollars for the equalization of educational opportunities of boys and girls wherever found.
County Unit
We need in Georgia the county unit system of schools, where all of the schools in both town and county would be under the direction of one Board of Education. This board should have authority to elect a well qualified superintendent from any where in the county, the State or the nation. The county sperintendency is also a professional job, and ought not to be thrown into politics
every four years.
In addition to the county superintendent, there ought to be a system of class-room supervision. Most of the teachers who go into the schools, even normal school graduates who have had practice teaching in the normal schools, have only been trained "to begin
to teach." By a system of expert supervision the training of the teacher continues while she is in service and her efficiency 'is in-
creased from one to ten fold. Under a proper system of expert supervision, the taxpayers' dollars can be made to buy from one to
ten dollars more in education than they are getting under present
conditions.
High Schools
Since 1910, when the Constitution was amended so as to provide for high school education in the different counties, there has been a marvelous high school development in the State. A great impetus was given to the growth of high schools through State aid under the Barrett-Rogers Act. In fact, the outstanding educational development of the State is possibly to be found in its high school system.
10
B
In 1903 there were only eleven accredited four-year high schools; today there are 275. In 1903 these schools turned out 94 graduates; in 1925, 8646 graduated from the four year accredited high schools of the State. In 1903 there were no high schools in the rural districts developed by any educational standard except such as the whims of the teacher or trustees dictated. Today there are nearly 800 high schools in the State operated on some standard. Under an act passed at the 1925 session of the Legislature it is the purpose of the State Department, if possible, to standardize all these schools in such a way that any child of the State going from one of these schools to another will be received in the same grade or in the one above, according to the time of year the child enters the new school. In the past, too often children have come up from an unclassified, unstandardized school to a standard school, only to be demoted in grade one or two years. This has been true in thousands of cases, and thousands of years have been lost thereby. Years lost may be transformed into years saved if the different counties will properly co-operate with the department in this great work, and thousands of years of time will be saved to the State in the future by the adoption of a plan of coordination, correlation and cooperation. Such time has an economic value, and it should be the desire of every county superintendent to aid in this great conservation of the time of its children--time which may readily be transformed into an economic value of millions saved to the State.
Consolidation The Barrett-Rogers Act also gave a great impetus to consolidation of schools in the rural districts. While I am not ready to say that good teaching is not possible in a one or two teacher school, yet the difficulties of securing and holding competent teachers for such schools, the lack of adequate housing and teaching equipment, the usually short and frequently divided terms, and most of all the necessarily short teaching periods, forever preclude the possibility of satisfactory results in such schools. From a careful study of hundreds of daily schedules and time allotments in oneteacher schools in Georgia, it is evident that the total teaching time per day averages considerably more than in our city schools or consolidated rural schools, still there can be given only extremely brief teaching periods, because there are so many periods. This study has shown that to the helpless children of the first grade and the several subdivisions thereof the teacher can only give 48 minutes per day; to the second grade 50 minutes per day; to the third grade 51 minutes per day; to the fifth grade 57 minutes per day; to the sixth grade 65 minutes per day; to the seventh grade 72 minutes per day, and oftentimes even less when there are pupils above the seventh grade. The impossibility of effective teaching of any subject to little children during such short periods of irregular attendance during a short school year is too evident to need descussion.
11
HHIM
Now it stands to reason that the chief cause of inefficiency must be removed before satisfactory results can be expected, and in this case the discovery of the chief cause points unmistakably to its main remedy, t'owit, CONSOLIDATION. Be it understood that consolidation does not make an efficient school, but only creates conditions under which efficeint work can and likely will be done. However, if ever our public schools are to grow into an efficient educational system through consolidation, plans should be deliberately and wisely outlined on a county-wide basis, including all of the county, before any consolidations are approved or allowed that involve only a part of the county. Considerable harm has been done in places already by effecting local consolidations which fail to take into consideration future interests of sections as yet less ambitious or progressive. Thus, progress in such neglected sections is further delayed and made more difficult or impossible. No great structure would be begun until plans for the completed building are fully developed and approved, even though parts of the building are not to be undertaken until someindefiniate future period; so no school consolidation in any county should be approved or permitted by the board of education until at least a tentative plan of consolidation throughout the county is carefully considered and approved by the proper authorities, even though there may be seemingly no present prospect of fully accomplishing such county-wide program at any early date.
No far-reaching plan or program of consolidation should be hastily made. It must be based upon a thorough knowledge of the educational demands, permitting no present or temporary successes to hinder future possible permanent improvements. The lack of such careful planning has been the cause of numerous seeming successes which are now operating as serious hinderances to greater or other developments. Oftentimes too little, and sometimes too much, territory has been included. Central schools have been located too near each other, overlapping territory, or too far apart, leaving entirely out some territory. Sometimes the entire plan is determined by present or local interest without regard to other or future demands. Any county-wide program of consolidation should look to the future even more than to the present, and should be considered from a county-wide outlook.
Opinion has recently been expressed that Hart County probably has made and is making the most satisfactory progress in developing its public school system of any of our counties. It will probably be conceded by all conversant with the facts that the very gratifying progress accomplished in this good county was made possible by and in accordance with a definite plan of county-wide consolidation and organization made five or six years ago, after a thorough and painstaking survey of the entire situation by the County Superintendent, aided by the agencies of the State Department of Education. This plan and program was embodied in the con-
12
struction of a large map, showing locations of the many little schools and school districts as they then existed, and a similar map showing locations of the proposed enlarged school districts as they should be and the locations and organizations of the contemplated elementary and junior high schools and of the senior high school of the future, as they should be in an economic and efficient county school system. These maps were hung upon the walls of the County Superintendent's office and a ful report with definite recommendations filed with the county board of education. After due consideration, the county board approved and adopted the report and recommendations, and their very efficient executive officer within a remarkable short time has fully accomplished everything planned in these maps and proposed in the report and has built up in his county a system of public schools that commands the attention of leading educators and is challenging the ambition of every other county superintendent.
Far better still, 75 per cent of the rural pupils of Hart County are in attendance upon the seven consolidated junior high schools, each one of which is offering vocational courses in addition to the many other benefits which were impossible in the many little schools, while a fully accredited senior high school is available to all the pupils of the county who are prepared to enter it. There is, perhaps, nearer equalization of educational opportunities in Hart County today than in any other Georgia county, and very superior opportunities at that.
Transportation
Rural consolidation calls for transportation. Transportation is one of the difficult problems to consolidation and is the rock upon which consolidation is oftenest wrecked. If this matter is taken into consideration while planning the limits of the consolidation the problem will be greatly simplified. This problem merits and should have the highest businesslike administration. With good roads and a reasonably limited territory laid off with reference to the good road, transportation costs should usually require not more than about 10 or 15 per cent of the total maintenance fund. There will be, however, exceptional cases where this rule will not apply. For the past year average cost of transportation per pupil per annum in Georgia was $13.57. This however, was for an average short school year or probably not much over seven months. In many, probably most, instances, transportation has not had the businesslike administration that it deserves. The growth of consolidation and cost of transportation are largely tied up with the development of good roads and, consequently, people in the State interested in better rural schools are also interested in the good roads movement.
Vocational Education Under what is known as the Smith-Hughes Act, Georgia has made considerable progress in vocational education within the
13
past few years, and the prospects are now brighter for splendid developments in vocational education than they have ever been before. The last Legislature increased vocational funds in Georgia in the sum of $21,000 to match federal funds. At the present time the State Board for Vocational Education is cooperating with high schools in the State, furnishing funds for the salaries of at least 130 vocational agricultural teachers.
Fifty-seven trade extension classes for whites and 32 evening trade extension classes for negroes are in operation, with five allday trade classes operating in high schools for whites and twentyone all-day trade classes for negroes. Twenty-two home economics departments under the Smith-Hughes Act are being operated throughout the State in high schools for whites and five departments for negroes. Besides the all-day classes in home economics, 114 different groups in 27 communities have been taught in parttime or evening classes.
With an increased appropriation for vocational education, the work will be enlarged in all of the different divisions, but especially in home economics. The goal is a home economics class in every high school in Georgia where girls are taught.
Negro Education
No State or county school system is meeting its obligations and economic needs until it has made some fully adequate provision for negro education. It is being realized more and more throughout the State that in order to retain our best negroes on the farms and in other places where they may properly serve, educational facilities must be furnished for the training of their children. We are glad to note an encouraging attitude on the part of the boards of education and others toward negro education. The following statement of what has recently been done for negro education in Georgia up to October, 1925, will doubtless be of interest:
Number of buildings Number of teachers' homes Teacher capacity of buildings Pupil capacity
Total cost of buildings, grounds and equipment Of this amount the negroes have contributed Individual white people Public school authorities Julius Rosenwald Fund
120 8
358 16,110
$451,485.00 130,140.00 22,118.00 197,177.00 102,050.00
The amount given the State for the year ending June 30, 1826 is $30,000.
There are 24 counties that employ industrial supervising teachers, who are paid in part by the Jeanes Fund through this department. We also have a State Jeanes Agent whose traveling expenses are paid by Spelman College. It is the duty of this State worker to
14
assist the county workers/especially those who are new in this work. The State worker also holds institutes for teachers in as many counties as she is able to reach during the school year.
The Jeanes work has probably accomplished more for the colored schools in the way of results per dollar than any work that has been done to improve these schools.
It is the duty of these supervising teachers to visit all the county schools and give lessons in plain sewing and various forms of handicraft, including elementary manual training. Nearly all of these teachers carry a set of carpenter's tools with them. Native materials, such as corn shucks, wire grass, bulrush, etc., are used in making mats and baskets. Chair caning is another subject that is taught to the teachers and pupils by these industrial supervisors. A special manual for this work has been given these teachers by the State Department of Education.
The amount of the Jeanes Fund given Georgia for the year ending June 30, 1926, is $8,621.50.
The Slater Fund has given Georgia $9,000 for the fiscal year. This money is used to aid certain junior high schools in the State, 21 in number. No school receives more than $500 a year. These schools are required to have at least an eight months' term, and no school receives aid unless the building and equipment are such that real school work can be done. The General Education Board has been very liberal in helping to equip these county training schools. This year we received $6,000 from the General Education Board for this purpose. This amount was used mostly to eauip the new schools at Statesboro, Thomasville, Montezuma and Spring Creek (in Early County). Fifteen hundred dollars of the amount was used to assist three schools in building shops.
All of the county training schools teach home economics, and most of them are very well equipped along this line. One object of these schools is to train teachers for the rural schools of the county.
The Smith-Hughes work in Georgia has been very helpful to the colored schools. There are at present 33 schools, and these teachers are paid for twelve months in the year.
Another feature of the State work for the betterment of colored schools has been the summer school work. Last year summer schools were maintained by the State and assisted by the General Education Board at Morehouse College, Atlanta, and Fort Valley High Industrial College, Savannah.
15
Compulsory Attendance. As schools are bettered in the State there will be increased attendance upon the schools. We have upon our statute books at the present time a compulsory attendance law which needs to be strengthened and made more effective. A bill providing for improvements in the present law was introduced at the last session of the Georgia Legislature but failed to pass, largely because of the lack of full consideration. This bill or an improved draft of it will be pushed at future sessions of the Legislature until a better compulsory attendance law is written into our statutes.
Conclusion As never before we feel that the people of Georgia are alive and awake to the educational interests of the State. When we consider that this interest has been such as to remove most restricted laws that fettered us in the past; that the State Legislature is more and more liberal in its appropriations for public school education, and when we consider that counties are taxing themselves to the limit for both maintenance funds and bonds to build schoolhouses; and when we find the press of the State, the Georgis State Teachers' Association, County School Officials, Parent-Teachers' Association, Women's Clubs, American Legion, all civic organizations and others pressing for the development of a real State system of education, we must agree that we have come to the dawn of a better day for our schools and the future development of our State.
16
INDEX
Address, By Dr. Rufus W. Weaver
Volume 2 Number Pages
7
7-13
American Education Week
H
Annual Report and Recommendations of State School Superintendent, N. H. Ballard for the year 1925.. 10
Apportionment of State School Funds for Year 1925
4
Barrett-Rogers Fund
4
Barrett-Rogers Fund, Distribution of
7
Barrow, Chancellor David Crenshaw, Tribute to
6
Budgeting
4
Certification of Teachers:
4
Plan of Certification
2
Plan and List of Certificates issued
9
3-21
2-5
15-16
18-29
2-4
6-7
8-9 7-13 4-5 1-325
Consolidation:
What Consolidation has done for Sumter County,
By J. E. D. Shipp
6
Constitution of Georgia
4
Country School
4
County School Officials Convention
7
Educational Directory, 1924-25
3
Educational Philanthropy
4
Educational Problems
~A;I?-
Geological Survey of Georgia, By W. S. McCalhe,
State Geologist
7
Georgia School Code of Laws
1
9-13 12 7-8 4-5 3-40
9-11 2-107
31 1-79
Greetings to Superintendents, Board Members, Teachers, etc., By Supt. Fort E. Land
Malaria, Its Causes and Prevention
National Education Association
12
2
4
16
4
16
Opinions of Attorney-General:
Consolidation of taxing and non-taxing districts
7
Local tax in county-line districts
-
7
Power of County Board of Education to pledge its
funds for pa t indebtedness
6
Voting on Consolidation
6
29-30 29-30
5-8
Program: American Education Week
Number
-
.H. 1
Public School Education in Georgia, By Fort E.
Land, Supt
J*
Compulsory Attendance
*A
Consolidation
|~
County Unit
\i
Equalization
J|
Finances
*
High Schools
{
Negro Education
-- J~
Plan for Prompt Payment of Teachers
j^
Statistics
j
Transportation
*~
Vocational Education
1*
Qualification of Teachers in Georgia and their Relation to the Children, By Supervisor J. O. Martin... 8
Resolutions adopted by the Convention as a Legis-
lative Program
'
Scholarship, Colorado School of Mines
6
School Finances and Records
4
School Fire
4
Seventh Grade Examination Questions
4
Study of Educational Problems, By Dr. Ralph Wager 5
Summer Institutes for Teachers
4
Pages
3-16 16
11-13 10 9-10 6
10-11 14-15 7-9
7 13 13-14
1-83
2-7 13 13-15 11-12 15 2-107 12-13
UNIVf RSITY OF G[ ORGIA LIBRARIES
3 21DS D5331 4022
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