Bulletin [Nos. 51-63 (Jan. 1918 - June 1922)]

Georgia State Board of Entomology
E. LEE WORSHAM, Stat e Entomolo gist

BULLETIN 51

JANUARY 1918

TWENTIETH
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
STATE ENTOMOLOGIST
FOR 1917

STATE CAPITOL

ATLANTA.

GEORGIA

GEORGIA STATE BOARD OF ENTOMOLOGY
ORGANIZ ATIO N .
HON. J . J . BRO WN , Chair man, Commiss ione r of Ag riculture, Atlanta.
HO N. R. C. BERCKMANS, Aug usta.
HON. JNO. A. COBB , Am ericus.
E. LEE WOR SHAM, State Entomologist and Secre tary of t he 'Boa r d, Atlanta.
A. C. LEWI S, Assistant State Ent omologist, At la nta.
W. V. REED , Assistant E ntomologist, Atlanta.
W. W. CH AS E , .Assist ant Ent omologist, Atlanta.
1. W. WI LLI AMS, Cotton Specialist , Atlanta.
C. A. McLENDON, Expert in Cotton Breeding, Atlanta.
W. F . TURNER, Assistant Entomologist, Thomasville.

TWENTIETH ANNUAL REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST
FOR 1917
To the Hon or able Members of th e Georgia State Board of Entomology, Atl anta , Ga. :
I have the hon or as State Entomologist to sub mit he re wit h a r epor t of t he work of you r Boa r d for 1917 .
Th e personnel of the staff has r ema ined practicall y t he sa me as it was in 1916. Mr. C. G. Cr it te nden, our pathologist at t he Thom asvill e Station, r esigned in t he spr ing t o enter Military Training School and is now a lieu t enant in the United States Artillery somewhere in France . Mr. J . D. Smit h, who has been ' engaged in boll weev il in vesti gations at Vald osta, re si gn ed in Decem ber t o acce pt a posi ti on wit h U. S. Bureau of Ent omology.
The work of the Board has cons isted of r esear ch and contro l work on t he insects and diseases that are' se r ious ly in jurious t o Georgia's crops, and enforcement of qua rantine laws, bot h State and F ederal , on the movem ent of plants and mat erial s that a re liable to introdu ce insect s an d diseases in places where they do not now occur.
DAMAGE TO CROPS IN 1917 BY IN SECTS AND DISEASES.
The amou nt of damage to our cro ps in 1917 was quite varied. In middle and nor th Geor gia the damage was about as one w ould normally expect, being somet h ing like 10ro to 12 % of cro ps produ ced. In south Georgia the damage ranged from 1010' to 95';' >, t he hi gh er percen t age' being char ged t o boll weevil in extreme sout h Georgia . I am delighted t o r ep ort that nezara , the green soldier bug that did such a vast amo unt of dam age in 1916 t o cot to n, f or a ge and garden cr ops, was r edu ced to a minimum in 1917 , due probab ly t o attacks of natural parasit es. Th e damage by
o
d

mole cricket in sout heas t Georgia was nothing like as great a s in previous years. In some localit ies where it was so abundant three years ago , the damage to crops in 1917 was scar cely noticeable. Observations show that the large crow blackbird has evidently played a large part in holding this insect in check. One new insect, the sweet potat o root weevil, was located in the sout hern part of Charl to n County, and it promises t o do serious dama ge unless proper cont r ol measures are a dopt ed. The damage amounted to 50 % to 75 00/ in t he secti on where it is locat ed. This insect occurs rather extensively in Florida and farmer s are warned to exercise great care in the sh ipment -of pot ato plants from Florida. It is car r ied both in potat oes a nd plants.
RE SE ARCH WORK.
Th e research work of the Board has consisted ma inl y of investigations of insects and diseases attacking cotton, pecan, peach, apple, and truck crops.
Th e cotton work has been conducted by A. C. Lewis, C. A. McLendon , J. D. Smith, Ira W. Williams, and C. G. Crittenden; pea ch and a pple pests, W. W. Chase; pecan pests, Wil - ~ liam F. Turner; truck cr op pests, W. V. Reed.
Other men have been emp loyed to assist in field work who are not technically trained entomologists or pathologists. These men collect data concerning our field operat ion s that are valuable to the men conducting the different lines of exper iment al wor k and the people we are trying to serve.
BOLL WE EV IL.
The severe cold weather of February and dry weather during the spring months are two factors that played an important part in boll weevil damage f or 1917. In some localities there was serious damage, especially t o late cotton and to the ordinary var iet ies of Sea Island cot t on in sout heast Georgia. On the whole the damage to the cotton crop was considerably less than in 1916 and the advance was not as great. The map on page 5 shows the boll weevil line for 1917 as fixed by the Board and t he Un it ed States Bureau of Entomology.
4

Your staff has mad e a syste mat ic fight on this destructi ve insect. In March we closed a se r ies of me etings begun in August, 1916 , in which we visi t ed mor e t han a hundred count ies wh ere t he boll weevil was kn own to occur . All of t hese meetings we re well at t ended by f armers a nd bus iness men who are in t erest ed in t he welf are of t hese count ies. At these meetings we discussed eve ry phase of the boll weev il problem as it a pplies to Georgia, giv ing t he m the r es ults of our in vestigati ons at Thoma svill e and Va ldos ta on bot h sho r t and long cotton, the work your Board is doin g on cotton diseases which a re equa lly as important as the boll weevil, and the r esul t s of our t ests on va r ieties t hat we ha ve fo und t o be best adapted t o the di fferen t sec t ions of the State.
Ten-acre te sts with varieties of cotton developed by the Board were conduct ed in all the count ies wh ere t he boll weevil wa s expected to be a problem in 1917. Our men visited these tests throughout the gr ow ing season in order t o sh ow the growers how t o fight the weevil and t o make obse rv at ions on these t ests as com par ed with ot he r varieties in the same localities.
On the whol e there has been less damage in Georgi a from boll weevil thus f ar than in any of the princip al cot t on- growing states. It is true t hat it has only occur red in the State a bout th ree years. The re ha s been cons ide rable damage t o the cotton cro p itself , but t he vast ma j orit y of fa r mers are not so disco uraged that they a re w illing t o aban don cotto n . A good fight has been mad e on t he boll weevil, cotton acreage in boll weevil te r ritory has been r edu ced t o make place fo r more foo d cro ps, and fo r this r ea son t he re has been a conspicuous absence of t he usu al demor ali zati on of labor condit ions and bus iness and redu cti on of land va lues. Geor gi a is t he first state to be infest ed by boll weevil t hat ha s not suffered a se r ious r edu ction in value of far m lands.
RE SE AR CH ON BOLL W E EVI L.
The r esearch work f or 1917 wa s in co-operation with the U. S. Bureau of Entomology and ha s been confined t o studies of the Mexican Cotton Boll Weevil (Anthon om us gmnd-
is , Boh.) in its r elations to Sea Island cotton. It in cludes
hibernation exper iments, investigations of longevity, various pos sible food plants, and the biology of the weevil, pro-
G

gress of infestation, dust ing with sulphu r and a rsenate of lead as a possi ble means of control, and a complete reco rd of weather observations.
Hibernation.
From October 30th to Nove mber 19, 1916, approximate ly 6,000 weevils were collected and placed in la rge cages supplied wi t h such she lter as would be ava ilable under nat ural cond itions . The first weevils eme rged lat e in Februa ry, though some had never taken shelter. The last emergence occurred ~lay 23rd.
Longevit y.
The weevils which emerged in t he cages we re place d upon va rious kinds of food to ascer ta in t he length of lif e upon eac h. Th ey lived upon young cotton plants f ro m 2 to 72 days, a nd upon othe r malvaceous pla nts f rom 2 to 25 days. Weevils taken f rom t he fields were t reated as those from the cages, and the average longevity upon young cot to n plants was : for caged weevils 331/~ days, for weevi ls f rom field 36 1/ 2 days.
Food Plants .
New ly emerged weev ils (out 6 to 24 hour s ) when placed upon cotton blosso ms began feed ing as early as 20 mi nu tes afterwar ds. When placed up on Hi bi scus blossoms (okra , or the w ild species H. inconus and H. aculeatus s feedin g began in 5 hours or mor e. Whe n placed upon Sida spinos, fee ding was never observed earlier than 24 hour s, but when they had begun eating it , t hey seemed to like it , eating blosso ms, seed pods, and leaves, but especially the petals. These constitute the first r ecor d of Sida spinosa (locally known as tea wee d) as a food plan t of the weevil. One specimen survived 25 days upon the leaves of this plant.
Biology of the Weevil.
Squares were punctured at t he r at e of 1 t o 12 a day, bu t usu ally 7 or 8. One t o 3 eggs were deposited in each, but more when in fe station was heavy. The sq ua res dropped in 2 t o 19 days after ovi position-about 8 days on the aver-
7

age. The adult em erged in 13 t o 31 da ys-18 da ys on the average. Mating occur re d 2 t o 4 days after eme rgence, a nd ovipos it ion began 1 t o 4 days later.
The egg required 3 days t o hat ch , the larval sta ge lasted 7 t o 11 days, the pupal stage 5 to 6 day s, a nd the adult r em ain ed in the squa r e 2 days or longer before eme r gin g. Some specime ns ca me t hro ug h in shorter periods, but t he stages were not unde r deta iled observation. The fo re going figures are applicable in the hot months only, running mu ch hi gh er a nd mor e irregul arly in Se ptember and Oct ober.
Progress of Infestation.
Beginning wh en weevils were first discovered in the young cotton on the E xp eriment Farm, the st at us wa s t ak en ab out every two week s. Five plants in five diff erent parts of the field were examined, the squar es and bolls counted, and the numb er of live weevils and infested for ms noted. From these figures the per cent of infestati on was calculat ed.
Dusting With Arsenate of Lead and Sulphur.
Wh en the material arrived fo r this experimen t it was t oo late in the season to do anything more than get an idea from the results as to what the possibilities might be in a more ext ens ive experi me nt of t he kind lat er.
A gas-power du sting machine w as used, a nd an a pplication of sulph ur and arsenate of lead was mad e September 15, October 15, and Oct ober 22.
On October 29, 70 weevils wer e collected and placed under favorable condition s. At the same t ime 100 weevils were collect ed from a clean field and treated sim ila r ly. In the course of 16 day s 54 % of the du sted wee vils a nd 470 of the check were dead.
On October 26 examinat ions of 25 plants of the du sted cotton showed 60 clean squa r es (19 70) , 251 infested ( 81 '1t;) , and 53 live weevils. At the same time similar examinations of the cotton left as a check showed 20 clean squa re s (4 ';',),528 infested (96 70), and 105 live weevils.
This work was conducted by J. D. Smith.
8

BOLL WEEVIL QUARANTINE.
At the fir st killing frost in October the boll w eevil wa s kn own to occur in the f ollowing count ies :

Ap pl ing
Baco n Bak er Baldwin
Bartow Ben Hill Ber rien
Bibb Bleckle y
Bro oks Bryan Bull och
Burke Butt s Ca lh ou n Ca mde n Ca mpbell Ca n dle r
Ca rr oll Charlto n Chatham Chatto oga Cha t t a hoochee
Ch ero k ee Cla y Clay t on Clinch
Cobb Coffee Colquitt Columbia

Cowe ta Crawf or d Cr isp Dad e Decatur DeK alb D od ge Dooly Dou gh er t y Dou gla.s Early E chol s Effin gh a m Elbert Emanuel F ayet te F loy d Fulton Gla s cock Glynn Gr a dy Gr e e n e H an cock Haralson
Harris H eard H enry Hou ston Irwin J a sp er

J eff Da vi s Jeffer son J enkins Johnson J ones Lauren s Lee Lib erty Lowndes l\IcD uffie
McIntosh Ma con Ma r ion Meriwether Mill er Mitchell Monroe Montgom er y Mo rg an Muscogee Newton Pauldi ng Pi erce Pi k e Polk Pulaski Pu tna m Qu it m a n Randolph Richmond

Rockdal e Sc h ley Scr even Spa lding Ste wa rt Sumte r T a lb ot
Taliaferro Tat t na ll Tayl or Telfair T e r r ell Thomas Tift To omb s Troup
Turner Twiggs Upson Wal ker Walton Ware W arren Wa shington Wayne W ebster Wh eeler Wil cox W i l k i n s on Worth

All ar t icles liable t o harbor boll weevils are forbidden by law to move from these count ies or from the additional quarantined area sh own on map accompany ing this report to sect ions not infested by weevil. Su ch ar t icles as cotton seed, cotton seed hulls, cotton pickers' sacks and corn in the sh uck are included in the list of quarantined articles. Parties who are interested should write for special circular on quarantine regulations.

COTTON BREEDING.
The cotton breeding work in 1917 was conducted in south Georgia by A. C. Lewis; in the eas t and northern part of the State by C. A. McLendon ; and on Sea Island cotton by Ira W. Williams at Valdosta.

9

The breeding of the w ilt-resist ant str a ins at DeSoto ha s been con t in ued by A. C. Lewi s on Hon. M. B. Council's plantation. Over 150 progen y rows . were planted of th e wilt-resistant va r iet ies, Lewi s 63, DeSot o, and Counc ilToole. Six of the progeny rows were select ed and saved separately on account of their earliness, fruitfuln ess, and disease resistance. Four in crease plots were sa ved f or seed t o plant next year. A field of 9 ac res of Lewi s 63 from the latest pedigreed seed made 15 bales. This cotton began f r uit ing close t o the g ro und and set fruit very ea r ly and r apidly.
The Dix- Afifi long-st aple, upl and , wilt -resistant cotton has been gi ving very satisfact or y r esul t s under boll weevi l condit ions in south Geor gia . The breeding on this cotton is now being done in south Georgia on J. B. Wight's f a r m at Cairo . An effor t is being made to sec ure a longer and mor e uniform length of fiber. One progeny row had very uniform and long fiber, 1 5-16 in ches, and was fruitful and ear ly. This will be propa gated as r apidly as possible.
CO-OP E RAT IVE COTT ON BREEDING WO RK.
One way the Geor gia State Boa rd of Ent omology is t ry ing to help t he cot to n growers is by assisti ng t hem t o improve their cotton by in di vidu al se lect ion. Those th at take up this wor k star t wit h good seed of a va r iety that is a da pte d t o t heir section. In a fe w years by this method the cott on may be improved so that th e g ro we r will ha ve pedigreed seed to sell.
10

Co-Operative Cotton Breede rs, 1917.

(A. C. Lewis)

CO-O P E l tA TO lt

I'OSTO FFICE

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Co-Operative Cott on Breeders, 1917. (I ra W, Williams)

CO -O P !<}RATOR

" O ST OFF I CE CO - O P E I1A T O R .

l'OST OF FICE

- - - - - - - - 1 1 - - - -- - - 1- - - - - - -- - - _ ._ .._ -

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G ree nv i lle

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N ewton
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Dawson F it7.g e ra l(l

11

Co-Operative Cotton Breeding, 1917.
(C. A . McLendon) The cotton wor k of 1917 conducte d under the directi on of C. A. McLendon was di stributed in m or e than t we nty count ies of the eas ter n a nd nor thern portions of the State. The va r iety t ests t o det ermin e the va r ieties best suited to grow in the different localities have been conducted in only five of these counties this yea r. Th e r esults of t hese tests f or this season, wi th r ecommenda ti ons as t o t he varieties t hat ca n be pr ofit a bly gro wn next season, have been pu blish edi n our Bulleti n No. 50, " Cotton Va r iety T ests, " copies of which wiII be gladly f urn ishe d up on r equ est. Only r eliabl e and progressi ve f a r me rs a re r et ained as our co-ope rato rs, a nd only t he lat est improved methods a re em ployed in the breeding operations . N o seed is offered fo r sale fo r planting purposes by t hese breeders until it is highly improved a nd it s local ad aptability has been det ermined in act ua l t ests. Wi th our a ssi stance these cooperative br eeders are gradua lly developing cotto n see d centers, from which all the ot her fa r me rs of the r esp ecti ve communities ca n get fr esh supp lies of pure see d of t he ri ght v a r i e t i es .
These co-operative breeders a re alr ea dy distributing limited quantities of pure see d of a f ew good variet ies at r easonable prices, a nd it will pay all f armers interested in improved see d t o supply them selves with as much of it as they can possibly obtain through these breeders. If this seed is properly ca re d fo r in the g r owing, handlin g, and ginning its purity can be maintain ed indefinitely , thereby r endering it unnecessary f or these f a r me rs t o obtain a fresh supply for eve ry seas on . This seed is being improved f or t he benefit of all th e fa r me rs of the St ate, a n d not one bu shel of it sho uld be sacr ificed in the oil mills. Further in f ormation as t o t his see d will be gla dy furnish ed up on w riting to thi s Dep artment.
In conduct ing this co-operat ive breeding hundreds of se lected plants are pi cked 'se pa rat ely , and all of t his cotton is ginne d on our little hand gin. We al so gin hundreds of selections sent in by ot he r fa rmers who hav e become interested in improvin g t he ir cotton see d according t o the m ethods we advocate. As alr ea dy mentioned, personal att ention is gi ven the wor k with our co-ope rat ive breeders, and in structions as to how to proceed with the work are furnish ed from tim e t o time t o all othe r s who are trying to
improve their seed . 12

c o-Operative Breeders and Gr owers, Wit h Select ions Ginned

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TOTALS

_. \ ~

..2S I S4" I ~ 1 14 I 12

COTTON VAR IE TY TESTS.
In 1917 we conducted fo ur variety tests in so uth Geor gia an d three in east a nd north Georgia , in a dd it ion t o the va r iety t est s at t he stat ions located at Thomasville and Valdost a. F or a f ull r ep ort up on t he va r iety t ests see Bulletin No. 50, Cotton Variety Tests, 1917 .

13

DIS TRIBU TION OF WILT-RESISTANT COTTON SEED.
During the year 1917 , 4,000 bus he ls of w ilt-resistant cotton seed we re distrib uted. T his seed was sent out in one to ten-bushe l lot s with the understanding that t he same amount of seed would be returned to us , or delivered to whomsoever we desiginated. Much of this seed was sent int o many counties where seed had never been distributed before . All of it was grown under our direction from pedigreed seed t hat t he Georgia State Board of Ent omology ha d bred up fo r wilt resistance and earliness. Our wiltr esi st ant va rieties, Lewi s 63, Counc il-Toole, DeSot o, and Dix-Afifi are now getting well distributed over the State, a nd good see d of t hese va r ieties may be purc hased from a n umber of cotton growers t hat are growing a nd improvi ng t he m und er our di r ecti ons.
FIELD STA TIONS , THOM ASVILLE AND VALDOST A.
Th e F ield Statio ns at Thomasvill e and Vald osta we re establishe d by the Georgia State Board of Entom ology to investigate and atte mp t to solve the diff erent problem s pe r taining to insects and diseases of cotton and ot he r plants, carrying out t he laws enacted by . t he Gene ral Assembly and doing the work required of t he Board by t hat body.
The primary object of these stations is to breed, deve lop, a nd test the different varieties of cotton for production in so uth Georgia where the boll weevil is apt to be the most destructive and where t he diseases of cotton are. most serious.
The diseases especially to be overcome a re the nematode, black arm, wilt a nd anthracnose, whi le t he greatest insect pest is the boll weevil.
It was also the object of the Board in establishing these stations to show how both long and sho rt cotton ca n be grown successfully w it h t hese diseases and t he hea vy infestation of t he boll weevil.
In ad dit ion t o t he ex per iments ca r r ied on to eliminate disease and find a nd breed up t he best va r ieties of cotton fo r ea r ly nroduction , exper iments were made w it h all t he different distances fo r planting cotto n. wit h all t he fe r tilizers that can be used , and t he diff erent r ot ations of crops t o find out which would yield the best under boll weevil condit ions.
14

EXPERIMENT STA TION AT THOl\IASVILLE .
Th e Station at Thomas vill e is laid out in three sections : Section A includes :
The test for Anthracnose-six acres, eve ry ot her block rotated with corn and velvet beans.
The va r iety test of cotton- three acres pla nted to forty-eight varieties. These va r ieties we re pla nted in r epetition fo ur t imes and r ot at ed t hro ug ho ut t he field.
The distance test-three acres la id out in 5-foot 6-inch rows, 4-foot r ows, 2-foot 9-inch rows with distances in the drill 4 inches, 12 inches, 18 inches 2 st alks , 18 inches 1 st alk, 24 inches, and 30 inches. Thi s was repeated, making thirty-six distances in all, on wh ich counts and weig hts were kep t.
Th e fe rtiliz er test-ni ne and one -half acres.
Section C, front, consists of one -half acre blocks for twelve blocks. The first block was planted to tomatoes to find a wilt-resistant variety. This test was conducted by the pathologist, Mr. Crittenden, and t he entomologist, Mr. Turner, and t he results are given in their r epor t s. Th e seco nd block was plante d t o a va r iety test of ten va rieties of velvet beans . The remaini ng ten blocks we re devoted to the cotton -breeding work where the individual selections and progeny rows were planted and tested out.
Section B is lai d out in one -half acre blocks, twenty-two blocks being plan t ed t o corn and beans, eve ry ot he r block having beans in the corn. From Block 12 to t he r ailroad, this section is laid out in an extensive nematode te st, sixteen diffe rent blocks. The rear of this section is planted to oats and corn and beans for rotation .
In the var iety t est, most of t he gro und bei ng sub ject to wilt and infested with nematodes, only the r esistant va r ieties gave good r esul t s. The wilt-resistant varieties we re
15

damaged to some extent by the nematode. Accurate count on each variety was kept at two different places of the number of blooms, amount of fruit set, number of bolls picked, etc. The boll weevil was found on almost all of this cotton by the time it came up, this entire section being heavily infested with the winter weevil.
The object of the distance test was to find out the right distance to space the cotton in order to have it produce the largest yield under boll weevil conditions. We found that too wide spacing resulted in a decreased yield, that two stalks in a hill did not increase the number of blooms, the amount of fruit set, or the production. This year, in this test, the closest spacing seemed to give the best results. However, we do not recommend extremes either way. Our judgment from the results obtained is that 18 to 24 inches in the drill, one stalk in a hill, in a 3 to 31j2 ft. row, will give maximum returns, especially if a boll weevil fight is to be made. The picking of the winter weevil can be easily done if each stalk stands out by itself. By this method of spacing, each stalk has a chance to produce the maximum amount of fruit early in the season. Accurate counts were kept in all the different distances, of the bloom, the fruit set, bolls picked, etc .
In the fertilizer test the same records and counts were made as in the other tests in order to determine the kind of fertilizers that would give a maximum yield where the boll weevil infestation was great. It is plain that peanuts in alternate rows with the cotton does not add anything to the production of the cotton; in fact, it seems to decrease the yield. Also we find that acid phosphate alone is not a good fertilizer. Acid phosphate applied to those portions of the blocks where velvet beans were grown last year seems to give good results; while on the land where there were no beans the year previous, the results were very poor. For early fruitage and production with the boll weevil, nitrogen seems to be the element in fertilizer that should predominate. In the average fertilizer formula, it should be increased. Stable manure gives the best results. Rock phosphate seems to give good results only when compost-
ed with stable manure. In Section B, the object of the experiment was to find
out if beans would injure the corn. The results show that there was a small decrease in the yield of corn per acre, say about one to three bushels, but this small decrease in the
16

yield would not equa l the fertilizing value of the beans to the land.

Fertilizer Test, Thomas ville Sta t ion, 1917.
Block s 25 to 43, Inclusive.
One kind of f ertilizer to eac h block. Size of blocks one. half acr e. Repeated one t ime wit h check block in between.

Amount of F er t ili ze r Us ed per Block
BL OCK S 43 and 33 500 lbs. Acid Phos pha t e with peanut s every othe r row

Average Yield of See d Cotton per Acre
216 lbs.

BLOCKS 42 a nd 32 2 tons S ta ~le Ma n ure

603 lbs,

BL OCK S 41 and 31 2 tons St a bl e Manure and 1,000 Ibs ,
Rock Phos ph ate mixed in r ow on application .,, 602 lb s.

BLOCKS 39 and 29 2 to ns Stable Manure and 500 lb s, Aci d Phosphate mi x ed in row on a pplica tion __ 845 lbs.

BLOCKS 38 an d 28 250 lbs. Cotton Seed Meal a nd 1,000 lbs. Rock Phospha t e

466 lbs.

. BL OCKS 37 a nd 27 250 lbs. Cotton S eed Meal s.nd 250 lb s. Acid P hosph a t e

504 lbs.

BL OCKS 36 a nd 26 500 lbs. 9-2-2 lh F ert ili ze r

685 lb s.

BLO CKS 35 and 25 1,000 lbs. Rock Phospha te and 3 tons Stable Ma nure, com po st ed f our w eeks befo r e a pplicat ion

834 lbs,

BL OCK 34 CH E CK - No Fertilizer

119 lbs.

17

Variety Test of Forty-eight Different Varieties of Cotton at Thomasville St ati on, 1917.
This test is laid out t o be cont in ued fo r th ree years with the same va r iet ies. It is planted on land most of which is heavily infected by wilt and partially infested with the nematode. The r esults as gi ven in the table are va lua ble only fo r soil of th is character . . The va r ieties which show the sma llest number of stalks living and t he smallest yield were more inf erior than is shown beca use a large number of the stalks counted were ver y mu ch damaged by the diseases. The t est was so large that it was impossible t o make a thorough examination a nd determine exactly the per cent of he althy stalks. Th e table will gi ve som e valuable in fo r mat ion, as it shows the blooming count on twenty-five st a lks count ed in two places on eac h va r iety a nd av eraged for eac h week , al so the a verage t otal, t he number of stalks per acre living, and the per-a cre yield of the different var ieties. The yield of the wilt-resistant va r iet ies would have been very mu ch larger if t hey had not been damaged by the nematodes. The land was poor and not very hi ghly fertilized.
18

Blooming Record of Variety Test at Experiment Station, Thomasville , 1917.

\".-\ ltJETY

e le "ela n d

. . .1 6

Tri-C ook

18

Dixie Improv ed

16

C h ristophe r H ea~ Y Frui t er .

11

15 5

L eWI S 63 Sun b eam

12
. 1 .,.,

18 I 19 I ~ ~ I 93 \ 15 I 1~ I

1 ~: ~g~ I ~~ i gJ ~6 I ~9 I

30 69 I

19 1 28 I

II

II

\1

I 6
~2

II

::~ 1

14
8~

I1

51 1

1:; 12

9I

:9.~ ;6) II 1 2~ 8G I 122:1~

3 685

ImIm 1 I 117 I ~88
~

1 1 63 : 176

'I

II .,_c, ~c~03 C.

1

''_1".0' ,:"~

C o u n c il - Tooie

1 :l

p ou ln o t

1 '.>

1 D eSoto
Co lleg e K o . 1

11 13

C u lpepper

..... 0

T r u itt' s B ig B oll

1I

20 I 5:; 1 671 :;7 1 11 2 68

I 27 1 50 :; 8 ~o I 32 12

I 18 1 53
I .h;', II 561

78 "I

1H 69

1

1 2~
~6

27 :;2 3"

61
2i s5

I I !! I H I ,,0 50 49 I 2"

8 -1, 0 ,, 1 ,
1 I 20:; I 21>7
II (' 861 28 1 289 27 :! 11 9 :H 4
0 I 236 . 294

T r iu m ph

19

C o ok 307- 6 . 1 12

I 26 I ~ 5 I 29 27 :;3 I 5
30 I so 85 12 1 1 10 9 l 45

0 1 174 253 1 1 ~ 9 3 547

Dix-A ti ti



13

H a lf & H a l f

, 18

Sawyer . . . .
Brow n 's x o. 2

.1 8 15

D ongol o

. . . . . . 10

19 1 61 71

~ :; I 58 I :16

1:; I 1:; I 9,

21 1
27 I

~1 1
fiG I

67 ~'

I89 105

ao'

28 0

37
1.=> 0

I 6- 60

1
I

!9i8.)

4173

9 3 94 :l tJll

I3
0

I I

274 4:;

12 i 222

1 3,,0 :;04

2 :;83 :;9 1

Tiple r

13 2~ 1 68 1 ,, ] 30 \ 12 1 9

0 I 20 7 433

Aca la

r 13 39 I 78 I 86 91 94 I 21

1 1 423 352

U pr ig h t

1 6 I ;' I ;'2 1 71 120 1 120 59

1 ~ 5 0 35 8

Ma t chless

1 25

K ing .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. . 2~

I I I n :;6 I 7~ I 100 123 I ,,0

47

,,8 n 3"

:11 18

B a n k A ccount

10 34 ~ 7 ,,3 57 28 15

3 I ~ 4 2 440 0 I 326 465 0 I 244 318

P e twa y
1 1 1 I SBirmoapdkwinesll's D . .T.
Garris on
~ ~ Bullard s

12 45 I 72 1 57
97 2212 H40 :9ii9;
1 2 I 12 1 ~ 5 1 19 45 85 1

61 I 43 16
mII ~~ II ~~ 3413 3920 1914

1 1 30 7 I 344

{I ~~~ 1 1g~ 00

j

12,7)06

I
-

312580

Farme rs .. P ettys

I 1 3 I 15 I 50 I 49 ,,5 1 55 33
I 4 I 22 97 I 12" 16" I 191 I G8

I 3 26:; i ~ 'H
6 1 698 5,,1

Math is H ooper

1 8 1 ~ " 107 1 106
1 8 I ,,4 I 1 29 1 98

111 I 8G 1 21
120 11 2 I 38

I 3 I 487 33 1
2 :.61 331

M on e y M al cer Ezy Muny

I 1 22 1 ,, 4 1 141 1 139 176 158 43
1 2 ~ I 47 I 81 1 93 1' 11 2 107 39

0 7 24 :;91 4 507 1 414

90 -Day



1 2" I 46 I 98 1 91 I 95 81 29

0 4G5 317

Ex p r e s s 35 0 .. K ee n a n- Good s on Utop ia

I 1 42 1 68 I 157 1 1,,0 I 138
1 ~ I 13 ~ 5 I 71 I 79 1 ~ I 31 71 I 71 I 109

116 1 42
I63 1 42
108 55

0 71 3 44 2
I 3 320 I 283
3 45 2 39 6

Colum h in

1 19 I GO 1 71 I 6 :~ I 67 fi6 21

0 36 7 208

Dura n g o

1 17 I 62 I 12:; I 11:1 1 ~ 2 88 I 3~

0 sss I 2 1 ~

F os t e r 120

, 2 ~ I 7 5 1 11 11 1 I n:: ]:. 1 98 I 36

0 59 7 I 30 1

L one Rt ar

. . . . . 23 I ,,1 1 88 1 97 10 6 70 1 H

0 476 I 427

K ekl' h i

12 I ,,8 I 122 I 117 14 2 121 I 46

1 G19 I 300)

Ex t ra Ea rl ~'

1 12 I 53 I 119 1 H7 228 203 1 120

" 88 4 I 4,, )

Hlg H oB Expre s s

1 26 1 G4 1 10 -1 1 12 3 14 5 ~' ~_~ ' ~_ 648 1 4:56

19

Cotton Anthracnose Experiment.

The seed for this experiment was handled in the following manner: Blocks Nos. 1, 3 and 5 were planted with field run seed, while Blocks Nos. 7, 9 and 11 were planted f rom seed select ed from disease-free bolls. Blocks Nos . 1 and 7 were treated with bi-chloride of mercury for one hour. Blocks Nos. 3 a nd 9 were treated with sulph ur ic acid, while No s. 5 and 11 received no treatment.
These blocks were examined on August 10th. In ea ch block 20 plants were exa mined, and the t ot al number of boll s and the number of disea sed bolls on these plants determined. All plants were in the midd le portion of the block . Na effort was mad e t o select particul ar plants, excep t that those plant s h aving only a f ew blossoms, that is four or five, we re a voided. The r esults were as f ol-
low s :

Block

Boll s

D i s e a s ed

Percentage Diseased

1

324

53

16

3

262

33

12.6

5

254

27

10.6

7

352

17

4.8

9

264

9

3.4

11

330

21

6.0

Angular Leaf Spot .
Obj ect: To see if t he bacte r ia were st ill ali ve on the seed t wo years old.' See d t reated and planted as fo llows :
Row 1. Two yea r old Biles No. 50. Row 2. Two yea r old Biles No. 50 treat ed wi th sulphur ic acid . Row 3. One year seed saved by Smith. Row 4. One year see d saved by Sm it h , t r eated with sulphuric acid. The pla nts we re examined J une I st , w ith the fo llow ing results:

_ _Ro_w _ 0-
1 2 3 4

Total x,
- - -- P-lant s
206 285 146 139

_ __ __.I.llf~s.t.!.d
14 15 128
4
20

Per cent.
~~fl!stati on
6.3 5.0 46.7 2.8

Angular Leaf Spot, Thomasville Station.
Block 1. Field run seed. Bichloride Mercury (1 h r.) Block 2. Corn. Block 3. Sulphuric Acid. Block 4. Corn.
Block 5. F ield r un seed-cheek-untreated. Block 6. Corn.
Block 7. Seed selected from diseased-free bolls-bichloride.
Block 8. Corn.
Block 9. Seed sele cted from disease-free bolls-sulphuric acid.
Block 10. Corn.
Block 11. Seed selected-cheek-untreated.
Block 12. Corn.
Block No .1 contains 10 rows, No.3, 9 rows, and the remaining blocks 8 rows each.
The first examination was made from June 18th to 20th inclusive. This examination would better have been made about the first of June, since at the time it was made there had been undoubtedly some spr ea d of the infection in the field. It is certain, however, that this was very slight. Examination was made of 100 consecutive plants in rows three to seven inclusive, at about the middle of the block.

In f ect ed Pl an t s.

B LOCK
1
.:;
:.
11

Ho w :~
.,
(j 3
l; 1 i4

1:0,," 4
8 :; 81 H
!13

Row 5
10 6 iO -I
Ij
!H

l10w G
~
1 (;4 to
](I
!H3

!{ ow 7
1.1,
'; 6 1 8
!l :.~

T ot a l
42 19
:~ 5 7
2fl 28 H7

Per cen t I nfe cti on
8.4 3.8
71s..4o
5.6 89 .6

Cook cotton was used for this experiment. August 8, 1917. Attempted another examination. This was a failure, as most of the fo liage had been shed. Slight advantage of su lph uric acid treatment, over bi ch l o r i d e .
The work on anthracnose and angular leaf spot was begun by Mr: C. G. Crittenden and continued by Mr. Wm. F. Turner.
21

Cotton Field on State Board of Entomology Experiment Station, Thomasville, Ga ., July 1, 1917.
Sea Island Cotton on Stat e Board of Entomolo gy Experiment Station, Valdosta, Ga., July 1, 1917.

SEA ISLAND EXPERli\IENT STATION AT VALDOSTA, GA.
For a long time, Sea Island cotton farmers in the interior thought that it was necessary to secure fresh seed from the islands of South Carolina every two or three years in order to keep their Sea Island cotton productive and up to a high standard of quality. This is not at all necessary.
The reason that the Islands have seed of a high quality and keep it up is the fact that they have been breeders of Sea Island cotton for fifty years from individual stalks, and that they keep their cotton away from any short cotton, as it is absolutely impossible to keep up Sea Island cotton when it is close to any other cotton.
This imported seed never did well the first year as no seed changed from one locality to another does well the first year, and the seed from the Islands, having been bred for a high quality of lint, is always late.
With the advent of the boll weevil, it was absolutely necessary to breed up the Sea Island cotton in the areas in which it was to be grown, in order to make it early and productive, and as there had never been any experiment conducted with Sea Island cotton, it was very necessary that some tests should be made.
It was better to do this work only in the Sea Island area and where the cotton would be isolated from the short cotton. Therefore we decided to establish a Station in this area and in a locality where only long cotton was grown in order to make experiments with Sea Island cotton for the production of earliness and breeding it under boll weevil conditions. This is the second year of the Station at Valdosta and some striking and wonderful results have been obtained, one variety of Sea Island cotton fruiting more rapidly than our earliest variety of short cotton.
The experiments at this Station were laid out to test for Sea Island cotton, a large number of important points that were tested for short cotton at Thomasville.
The station was laid out in four divisions: Section A, Blocks 4-9, was given over to variety
tests of different varieties of Sea Island cotton. Section B to fertilizer and distance tests. Section C to breeding work. Section D largely to corn and oats for rotation.
23

In the variety test on Section A, we give the blooming record, and the yie ld per acre of t he different varieties. This was not very good cotton land, nor very highly fertilized. The boll weevil made its appearance early, in fact, by the time the cotton came up, t he infestation of winter weevil was fai r ly heavy. The r esults show the advantages of t he diffe rent va rieties, and enable us to test out t he va r iet ies for br eeding purposes so that we can locate the desirable ones from which to breed. No. 24, No . 25, No . 22, and No.8 are cottons that h ave been bred by the Board for a number of years and for the pa st two year s on the Station they have been ver y greatly improved, a fact wh ich does not show in this table.
Va riety Test , Sea Island Cotton, Valdos ta, 1917.
F ield Sect ion A.
This test was repeated t w ice. The yie ld is t he average yield per ac re of the th r ee series.

YARIETY

I1 T otal N o . \T ootfa lSYeeiedl d Bl ooms S e ed Co tto n Per Acre

J . J . J oin e r, 2nd y ear fro m Island

/

914

620

H agan . 1915 s e ed from s talk s election

.:r::>.t r.irc. kwlainndn. ,

1s t year Bristol,

f ro m Isl and Ga., Sowsnoski

!. 1

1191 1036
1 0~2

5~0
580 600

J . J . W irm, B r is t ol, Ga., n ew seed

. 1008

510

J . J enkin s , Nu k ell, Edisto I sl and ,

. 1129

460

E . l\L Seabrook, Ed isto I sl and

. 1 117 '

;;80

Wm . Andell , E dis t o I sl and

1

180

J . S. W h ale y, fin e a n d immun e , E d isto l s ln nd

1 J:l16

;;00

J . G. Mur ruy , Edis t o Isla n d

1

140

J . M . R in e s , ( 8 ), Ed isto Is la nd

1 1461

6~0

J . A. Law t on , E d isto I sl and

\ 1009

fiGO

N o . 24

. 1144

r.SO

~~: ~~ :~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::I

10 14 102;;

520 ;;10

~f .~.~ . : : : : : :. : : ::. : : : : : : :. : :. :. : : : :. : : : :. : :. : : : : : :. : : : : : : : : : : : 1

11 13
ll r.2 1082

580 560 820

::0<0 . 19

1 987

;;10

X o. 13

_

/ 1190

5;;0

Stri ck la nd

1 107 fi

580

Seabroo k. T illman

1 11;;8

550

L ive Oak

1 1203

490

A . B. Smit h . Spe ci al

1 1133

fi~O

The distance test was laid out wi th 6-ft. rows, 5-ft . r ows, 4-ft. rows, and 3-ft. rows, the distances in t he drill being 30 inch es, 30 inc hes 2 stalks, 24 in ches, 18 inches, and 12 inches.

24

In this test the maximum yield was from 4-ft. rows, 18

inches in the drill, and 5-ft. rows, 12 inches in the drill.

From this test we found that neither extra wide nor very

close spacing was advantageous.

In the fertilizer test, acid phosphate seemed to give a

better yield than in the short cotton tes t, but as stated in

the fertilizer test on short cotton, on the half block wh en.

acid phosphate was used after velvet beans good re sults

were obtained. So, in the fertilizer test on this Station, the

seed was planted after a heavy crop of velvet beans had

been cut off the ground for hay the previous year. This

accounts for the fact that the acid phosphate alone gave

better results than cotton seed meal alone.

Cotton seed meal and acid pho sphate did not give quite as

good results as a complete fertilizer.

Where stable manure was used, there was a decided in-

crease in the yield, both with rock phosphate and with acid

phosphate.

.

Section C was given over to breeding varieties of cot-

ton that have been developed by the Board. Careful notes

have been made on all the diff erent points and diseases , as

well as the total yield, number 'of blooms, am ount of fruit

set, number of stalks to the acre, and the resistance of the

bolls to the attacks of the weevil.

With a heavy infestation of the weevil, we prefer to grow

long cotton, using the early varieties which we have devel-

oped, rather than short cotton. The bolls are small; it sets

a larger amount of its fruit; it has less foliage than short

cotton. ther eby admitting more sunshine which is detri-

mental to the boll weevil; and, being more open, makes

the direct fight on the weevil in the early spr ing much

easier.

Fertilizer Test, Valdosta, 1917.

"Biles 50" seed, 4-ft. rows, 18 in . in drill.

BLO CK " B"- l Cotton Seed Meal
BLO CK "B "-2 Acid Phosphate

Average Yield of Seed Cotton per Acre
456 lbs,
510 Ibs.

25

Fertilizer Test, Valdosta, 1917. (Continued). " Biles 50" seed, 4-ft. rows, 18 in. in drill.

Average Yield of Seed Cotton per Acre

BLO CK " B"-3 Cot t on Seed Meal and Acid Phosphate
BLO CK " B"-4 Stable Manure a nd Rock Ph osphate
BLO CK " B"-5 8-2-2 F ertilizer

538 lbs. 670 lb s. 588 lbs ,

BLO CK "B"-6 Sta bl e Manure and Acid Phosphate

688 lbs.

All of the work at the stations at Thomasville and Valdosta, except the entomological and pathological work, has been conducted by Mr. Ira W. Williams. This brief r eport is compiled from hi s notes. Detailed records of the yields, different varieties, progeny rows, fertilizer te sts, etc., are on file and complete report will be made at a later date.

Angular Leaf Spot, Valdosta, Ga. , 1917.

Block A (across road from house) Bi-chloride of Mercury.
Block B (Plot 13) Sulphuric acid.
Block C (Plot) Check.
In Block A, 100 plants were counted on each of rows 9 to 13 inclusive. In Block B, 100 plants were counted in each of rows 3 to 7 inclusive. Block C, contained 4 rows , 200 plants were counted on each of the middle rows and 100 on row 4, next the corn. An examination was made June 27th. The r esults were as follows:

BLO CK A 7 16 3 15 11 Total 52 10.4% infected.

BLO CK B 1 2 0 1 0 Total 4 0.8 % infected.

BLO CK C 84 68 15

Total 167 33.2% infected.

Thi s Cotton is a ll No . 22.

August 6, 1917 . Attempted another examination. F ailure through lack of foliage .

TEN-ACRE COTTON TESTS.

In a large number of the count ies known to be infested with boll weevil in 1917 and especially counties badly in-

26

feet ed wit h cotton wilt, t he Board conducted a te st consist ing of t en ac res of a verage la nd. Seed of one of our ear ly-f r uit ing wilt -resistant va r iet ies was f urnished f re e on condit ion the plant er wo uld fo llow our directions in planting, growing, figh t ing boll weevil, select ing see d, etc .
Reports of r esults fr om all these tests had not been r eceived J anuary 1st, but I submit herewith a list of those fro m wh om r eports had bee n rec eived :

Co-Operative Cotton Growers and Breeders.

\" ,\I:l ETY

iA <:re s j YI EL D

~ . C .

\ Yr ig-h t

' Perry

L e w is l;~

19 '1 10

ha le s

I: . A , K ell y

H ouston Co. T enn ill e

!
Co u nc il - Toole . 1 ~, 10,i 86 lh s .

n. O. Tig nal

W a sh ing ton Co.

' O rt essudale

L e w is 6:1

:\Ieri\\"e th er C o.

I

::;. Co lt o n

I ., ,

4, 150 lh s .

S . Co lt o n

I:. It. \\"r ig h t

Savan na h Cha t ham Co.

I Co u n "; I- T o o le , . .

1, 51 8 lh s . Lint

,I. T , C h il cls

Bu tl er

' . e wi s (;:: .. , . ,. . . 10 1 ~ , 1 3 ~ Ih s .

T a yl o r Co.

,

S . Co tto n

I:' L . H ast y

, Ch ipley . . ,

L e w is f;:l

[ 10 15 b al es

\\". ~ . H o w e ll

Ha r r is Co . Gree nv ill e

n i x -A titi

1
I 2ry:i 4,000 n.

T . Il. Me Dow ell .1. l~. D e n n a rd

:\Ie ri w eth er C o.

Bla kely

Co u n"; I- T o ole

Ewaerslyt o nC o.

L ew is lj:~

1
I1 10 .")

S. Cott on 8.622 Ibs .
S. Cotton 1. ;;;;2 lb s .

W eb ste r Co . .

S. Cotton

.1. T . Cool,

, C otq u it t

'. CO\llw il - Toole

10 13, 54 9 Ib s .

I I. H . Ti ft

.fW:~~ ~~',

Lewi s 63

S . Co tt o n \ 10 9 bale s

Ti ft C o.

!

\\' , D. W ell s

A del

n ix -A n n

1 2l/., 3. 636 lb s .

Berri e n Co .

I

S. Cotton

G . It. L a n e ... .. , . .. , Bu en a V is t a .. D tx c A fifl . .. . . " .1 10 i ,938 Ill s.

Sr-Irl ev Co .

\

S. C o t t o n

L . H . SJ le n

T ift o ll

D eSoto

10 9,500 l b s,

:-::, :\1. w ea vc r

T i ft Co . Cu t hber t

Co u nt ' il - T oo le

I

S. Cotton

[ 10 12 ba les

Ra n d ofp h Co .

1

\ Y. H , P eacock . . , . . Coc h ra n . " Bl e e k le y Co.

L owis 6:;

I1 12 19 h ale s

T . H . M a r a h a ll

:\Io n t e z uma , . . L e w is 6:;

10 16,:; 20 Ib s.

!\l a c o n Co .

1

S. Cot ton

,I. \\". Co s t e llo w . . . . . G e orgeto wn , . . Co u nc il - T oo l" . . . 8 6,3 i 7 lbs.

Quitma n Co.

I

S . Co r ron

I " ' . C . B rad le y .. .. .. C o l u rn h us . .. .. L e w is 63 .. . .. . .. 1 10 10,l i l lb s,

:\I u s c og e e Co .

S. Cotton

.T, H . B r own
D r. H . n. I n g ra m

Co rd ele

D eSot o

Crisp Co.

. . . Co le m a n , . . . . . Cou n c-ll- T'oo le

l1a n rlolp h C o.

. I
I. . . 1 12

6 l/., h ales
12.210 Ills. S. Cotton

c' ha t ha m Co. Farm .l oh n T . Xloo r'e
li nn . n. C . E l1 i~
~1. :\1. P ay n e ,

. . Savan n a h
~/~~~~am .~~):
Bi bb Go. Ti ft o n T ift C o. P el h a m

D fx c Aflfr D ix - A fi f D ix - A flf L ewi s 63

11 10 h a les

,II ., i ha les

I. :1% 2.-100 lb s , S. Cotton

,.

~ . 105 Ih s.

:\li t c h e ll Co

1

S. Co t t o n

\\' . G , C le v e la n d .. . . l .a G l'ang e Co u nr -ilv ' T'nn le . . . 1 . ,

h al e s

T'r ou n (' 0 .

1

27

Co-Operative Cotton Growers and Breeders . (Continued).

N AME

ADDRE SS

V ARIET Y [Ac r es YI ELD

G . B. M oc k . . ,

A lb any

Lewis 63

Do ug h e rty Co.

I" 1 15

tales

w , D . Flo r e n c .. . . .. . Odes sa.da le .. . . D i x - A fift . . . . . 1 3., ~ . S02 Ib s .

:.\ Ieriw eth e r Cu.

S. C o t to n

R T . :.\[cLa u g-hli n . .. G.ree n v ille . . . . . Cou n c il - T oole . .. :.\1 ert we t h e r Co.

2 ba les

H . T . T ill e y \ \a lt er Davi s

s voa more Turn e r Co. Ca ir o

Dix -Aflfl Expres s

I. 5 ~.~ 90 lbs . S . Co tto n . S 7 ba les

Gr a d y Co.

.1. " -. F o u ch e

Leesburg L e e Co u n t y

Co u n c il - T oole

: 6 5 . 6S~ Ibs. S . Co t to n ,

J . L . Cran ny

Eas tma n

Dix -A li fi

.

12 b al e s

Do .bre C o.

F. E. Ca lla wa y

LaG ra n 'l"~

Cou nc il- T oo le ., . ;; i .mo Ills .

T r o u p Co.

s, Cot ton

li o n . .r. H . Ca r te r . . . Ro ck in g h a m . . L ew is 63

10 7.:W 2 Ibs .

.T. A . B u r ns

Ba c on Co . Ca iro Grad y Co.

D ix -Afifi

S. Coton ;1 1.::0 0 Ill" .
S. Cotton

.1. A . Bu rns

Cairo Grady 0; 0 .

Expre s s

. ;} 3. ,100 Ills . S. Cotton

.J. I: . H o r t o n :.\1. T . Riner

F'itzg eratd

L ewis 63

. 5 7,500 Ib s .

Be n Hi ll Co).

S. Co t ton

Meeks

Co u n c il - Toole

4 bale s

J ohnson Co .

B. L . B r id g e s

E ll a v ille

, . Co u nc il - T oole

10 9 bal es

Schley Co.

.1. .J . K eith

N ewnan

Cou nc il - T oo le

4 La II' s

Coweta Co.

B. :.\1. Grier

Dub lin

. . D illon -Hyb rid . . 1 .12 14.7r.0 Ills .

T.a u r en s e n .

I

S . Co tto n

CITRUS CANKER
Th e Cit r us Canker eradicati on campa ign was begun by the U. S. Bureau of Pl ant Industry in co-operation with the Georgia State Board of Entomology on April 1, 1916. The wor k h as consi ste d in locating and inspecting all va r iet ies of citrus pla nt s in t he State of Georgia and t ak in g st eps t o er adicat e any trees when found infected with the disease known as Citrus Canker.
Total n umber of Cit r us t re es inspected . . .. 461,892
Total number of seedling trees in spe cted .. 309,617
Total number of imp orted trees in spe cted .152,275
Si nce the work began 88,114 properties have been visited and the citr us plants when found wer e gi ven a thorough in specti on. Of this number 80 ro of the places had no cit r us trees of any kind ; 90 % had seedlings or volunteer trees alone, and 11ro had imported one or more var iet ies of citr us. This me an s th at 8,010 land owners purchased

28

trees from nurseries of other states. A total of 7 cases of canker has been found and the trees destroyed. 122 places have been entered on the list as doubtful and a careful inspection of the same will be made within the near
future. Our work in the future will be confined to the rural dis-
tricts as practically all of the cities in the southern part of the State have been reported and inspected.
The following counties have been reported and inspected: Decatur, Grady, Thomas, Brooks, Lowndes, Echols, Charlton, Ware, Camden, Glynn, McIntosh, Chatham, Mitchell, Colquitt, Dougherty, Worth, Turner, Crisp, Dooly and Tift.
The following counties have been reported, but as yet the trees which were located have not been inspected: Clinch, Miller, Berrien, Ben Hill, Irwin, Coffee, Terrell, Stewart, Bacon and Baker. All of this area will be inspected in a few weeks.
A careful record of all the work which has been conducted has been kept and an exact copy of all original reports is on file in the office of the Secretary of the Board. A weekly consolidated report is also made and one copy filed in the office of the Bureau of Plant Industry.
APPLE INSECTS AND DISEASES.
Experiments for the control of the economically important insects and diseases of apples and apple trees were located, in 1917, at Cornelia, in the orchard of the Yonah Fruit Company. The management of this orchard allotted a block of over 2,000 trees for experimental and demonstration purposes, and co-operated in the field work in many helpful ways. Their interest and aid greatly facilitated the operations.
The plan of experiments embraced the control of codling moth and curculio, the two most active and injurious insects attacking the apple, and bitter rot, black rot and scab, its three commonest and most destructive diseases. The experiments were mainly a test of the value of dusting as a medium of control, but the dusting schedule was checked by a schedule of spraying with standardized liquid sprayings with diluted lime-sulphur and with Bordeaux mixture, both in combination with arsenate of lead. The plats were large, numbering a total of over 2,000 trees and included four varieties, viz.: Yates, Terry Winter, Winesap
. 29

and Gano. From three to five du stings or sprayings were applied to the sever al plats, each plat consist ing of trees of all four varieties. A cer t ain number of trees were chosen from each plat ea rly in the season and from these selecte d trees all windfall s were t aken a nd classified as t hey fe ll, and, as each of the var ieties ripened , the f r uit was picked and class ified. In th is wayan acc urat e r ecord was obt a ined of the percen t ages of sound, in sect in fe sted and diseased fruits. These records, of course, gi ve the absolute and compar at ive net results obtained by both du sting and spr aying in a number of variously treated plats.
Summarized, t he r esults of t he year 's work dem onstrate that the du sting mixture used , which in eve ry case wa s r epresented by a 90-10 formula ( 9070 superfi ne sulph ur and 10 00/ powdered arsenate of lead) did not contro l bit ter rot, on the va r iet ies Winesap and Ga no, as success fully as did an equa l number of sprayings with Bordeaux mixture. These two varieties showed about t en per cent . bitter rot, which is an un satisfactory showing by comparison with Bordeaux sprayed plats. Both Winesap and Gano are much more susceptible t o bitter r ot t han are Yates and Terry Win ter, which ar e pract ica lly im mu ne, or at least hi ghly r esistant. The latter two var iet ies did not show any bitter r ot exc ept in a few sca tter ing in stan ces. All plats, even the untreated check plat, were entirely free of scab. Somewhat better results were obtained in all du sted plats, in the cont ro l of codling moth, than in spr ay ed plats r eceiving an equal number of treatments. This point is wor t hy of emphas is in view of t he fact that the trees in du sted plats r eceived somewhat lighter applicat ions of du s t, becaus e of a sho rtage of material , t han cor r esponding plats sprayed with lime-sulphur or Bordeaux, where t he spraying was very thoroughly done. The te sts of this season, supplement ed by partially completed records of 1916 , indicate that arsenate of lead, "applied in a finely powdered dry f orm, gi ves equ all y as good, or perhap s better, results in the cont r ol of codling moth t han when spr ayed up on the t r ee in t he most thor ough mann er.
The f ailure of the super fine sulph ur t o cont r ol bitter r ot on suscept ible va r iet ies points to the con clusion that it is not a dependable preventive in seasons favorable to the development of the disease. Varieties naturally resistant to bitter rot infection doubtless will show uniformly good r esults, from the standpoint of insect and disease control,
30

from dustings with a mixture of sulphur and lead. For the cont r ol or prevention of black rot and bitter rot it is evident that other and better powdered fungicides must be emp loyed if du sting is to obtain universa l application.
The keen interest shown in the du st method by apple growers, its promi se of a grea t conservation of time, labor and cost, dem and the cont in uance of du sting experiments. Thi s Department has t entatively a r ranged f or the manufacture of new formulas, which seem t o offer more hope of the successf ul prevention of bitter rot a nd black rot, the former of which , especially is prevalent and destructive in the lat it ude of our principal apple-growing belt.
PEACH INSECTS AND DISEASES.
Pe ach du sting a nd spraying expe r iments were conducted at Fort Valley, in the J. H. Baird and J. H. Hale or cha r ds , respectively. In this ser ies the work was planned on lin es similar to those obtaining in the experiments with apples, except that the composition of the du st mixtures vari ed somewh at. The problem is simpler with peaches than is the case wi th apples . Only one insect of the fruit- curculio- is generall y distributed a nd se r iously in juriou s, a nd only t wo diseases. brown ro t and scab. Con sequently, a number of the formulas tested in 1917 included varying percentages of lime, with a view to determining just how far the dil ution might be carried without lower ing the efficiency of t he results.
The schedule of sprayings and du stings included the fo llowing va r iet ies : Red Beauty, Carman, Hiley, Georgi a Belle and Elberta . For a com parison with the du stings, the complementary plat s were liquid sprayed with atomic sulphur and a rsenat e of lea d, one , two, and three spr ay ings, respectively, being applied to the several plats. One, t wo, and three du stings are also applied to the same varieties, according to the period of ripening. The results were obtained and tabulated in the same way as that described f or apples. Thus, the percentages of sound, brown r otted, scabbed and curculio infested peache s were made by an act ua l count of all fruits, and hence are very closely accur ate.
The experime nt al work, being located at Fort Valley, the largest center of peach growing in th e State, the growers in that and surro unding ternitory were given an opportunity of viewing the methods of application and t he r esults
31

obtained. Man y av ailed them selves of this opportunity and interest was very active. As a direct result of these field demonstrations, over forty Georgia growers have since nurchased du sting outfits and will discard liquid spr ay ing in the summer of 1918.
Additional wor k, looking to the standar dizing of du st mixtures, seems to be ne cessary. It is known that the active elements acco m plish the desired r esults. It is al so known that the dilution of these a ct ive (and ex pens ive) elements with a cheap filler would con siderably reduce t he cost of the mi xture to the grower. To det ermine the ext ent of this dilution , in the interest of economy , should be the specific object of subse quent .d ust ing ex per ime nts on pea che s. At the present time, la cking f ull in f ormation and in struction, growers a re paying seem ingly excessive prices f or prepared mixtures which m ay contain hi gher percent ages of the two esse nt ial in gredi ents, lead and sulph ur, than are really ne cessary to gain the desired ends .
PECAN INSECTS AND DISEASES.
During the pa st yea r the work on pecan insect s and disea ses has been a continuation and amplification of that begun in 1916. This includes the breeding work, exper iments on cont r ol, and th e general field observations on pecan in sects. For the most part the same spec ies were handled as were worked with in 1916. Some breeding work has been don e on one or two other species . The only new in sect which has been noted as being of serious importance is the Gr een Soldier Bug, N ezar a ciridu la, which appears t o cau se, or at lea st car ry , Kernel Spot of pecan .
PE CAN LEAF CASE BEARER.
t A croba sis n ebulella)
This insect continues to be the most ser ious enemy of pecans in the State and has cons equent ly received more attention than any of the other species. Breeding work, in the insectary, was confin ed almost wholly t o the r earing of a dults an d parasites in the spr ing. Several new species of parasites were obtained, but this material has not yet been determined. This breeding work was suppleme nt ed by extensive ex per iment s and obse r vat ions in th e field.
32

Beg inning in the la t e summe r of 1916 , ex pe r iments were star te d t o determine the normal m ortalit y, both annual and seasonal, of this species . This wor k h as been contin ue d through 1917 and some very interesting results ha ve bee n obtained . The t wo periods 'of greatest mortality seem t o be that of migra ti on in the fa ll a nd t hat of emergence from hibernation, together w ith t he ea rl ies t feeding of the la rvae, in t he spring. Result s obtaine d t h is yea r in dica t e tha t at least 60 % of the summ er larvae fail to form hiber nacula on t he buds, while r esul t s obtaine d in t he spr in g showed that ove r 90'/0 of t he in sects which entered hibernation fail t o m a ture. As a r esult t he t ot al a nnua l mo r t ali t y f or this species is ove r 90 %. In spi te of t h is it cont inues to be a ver y ser io us pest, as is indicated by the fa ct th at these r esults were obtaine d in groves w h ich a re so sev erely infested t hat it is n ecessary t o spray th em an nu all y.
In the late winter a nd ea rly spr ing , spraying ex pe r ime nts were con duct ed with lime sulphur, Sch nar r 's Insecticid e, a home-made petrolium oil emulsion and soluti on of ni cotine sulphate with soa p. This la tter material w as applied at t h e time when the larvae were eme r ging from hibernat ion. All material s were used a t several st r engths. The r esul t s of these application s we re all a bsolute fa ilures. Repea t ed obse rvations made in the grove throughout the past season fail t o show a ny ben efit w hatever f ro m t he sp raying.
In Au gu st a nd Septembe r several blocks of trees were sprayed with arsenate of lea d an d lim e, as r ecommen ded in my last r eport. Wh ile t h is spr aying cont inues to be ver y beneficial, t he results we re not as uniformly sat isfacto ry as we re those obtained in 1916. This was mainly du e to t he fact that on ly Bordeaux nozzles were used. Subsequent obs ervations sho w that only f ro m one t o five per cent of t he in sects in the t ops of t he t r ees survive d , while in the lower third, the percen t a ge of survival w as occasionally as hi gh as 25'10. As in dicated, t his is du e t o the fact t hat most operat ors a re un able t o h andle the Bordeaux nozzles in such a mann er as t o thorou ghly cove r the low er fo liage on the trees. This trou ble is easily r ectified by using a n a ngled di sc n ozzle on one line of ho se and a Bordeaux n ozzle on the oth er , letting one man handle the low er portion of the tree and the other the t op.
In connect ion with summ er spr ayin g , experiments in dusting trees were comm ence d. On the whole the r esults
33

obt a ined from dusting were not as good as those from spraying. The data indicates, howe ver, t hat t his is du e t o f ault y application , since on some trees the percen t killed wa s as great a s on those trees which were spr ayed, while on othe rs the mortalit y was very little greater than on t he chec k trees. This much is cer t a in, a ll indication s point t o the fact that if properly handled du sting will be a lmost , if not fully as sat isf acto ry as spr ay ing .
NUT CASE BEARER.
(A crobasis hebesc ella )
During t he past year this species has been of very m uch less import ance t han it was in 1916. So mu ch so that it has been impossible to conduct any ext ens ive breeding wor k a nd absolute ly impossible t o perform any expe r ime nts on control. The species has ne ver been of ser ious import ance, in Georgia , except in one or two groves in this imme dia te vicinity (Thomasville) , and its occur r enc e has been recorded only from a very limited a rea . The gr eat decre ase in numbers in thezroves menti oned is undoubtedl y du e t o one of two factors, parasitism , which ap peare d to be very hi gh in 1916, or t he summer spraying which was car r ied on in t hese groves for contro l of the Lea f Case Bearer in August and Se pte mbe r, 1916.
FALL WEB WOR MS.
(H y ph an tria cun ea s
F ollowing the severe outbreak in 1916, this species has receiv ed a cons iderable amount of attention. Breeding
work in t he in sect ary indicates that in this la titude there
are two com plete br oods and a partial third brood a nn uall y. This is due to the f act t hat some of t he late individual s of t he second brood f ai l to emerge t he first year a nd h ibern at e as pupae, as is the case wit h all of t he th ird b r ood .
BUD WORMS .
(Proteopteru x deludana )
A con siderable am ount of breeding work was car r ied on in the lab oratory. This indicated that there a re sever a l gen eration s of this species during the yea r, alt ho ugh the
34

exact number was not determined. This breeding work, together with observations in the field, further indicates that the first brood pupates under loose bark on the trunk s of the trees, while later broods use folded leaves as places of pupation. It seems very probable that the first brood might easily be trapped under bands placed about the trunks. At least, numerous pupae were found in such bands, which were being used for another purpose.
GREEN SOLDIER BUG.
(N ezara oi ri du ui )
It was noted during the season of 1916, that there was both a severe infestation of kernel spot, throughout south Georgia, and at the same time a serious outbreak of the Green Soldier Bug. While this might easily be a mere coincidence, it was felt that the conditions warranted some observations and experiments this year. Consequently several lots of bugs taken from cowpeas were confined 011 nuts at different periods during the sum mer and early fail. It was found in every case that those nuts upon which insects were confined during September and early October showed a severe infestation of kernel spot. Some of them contained as many as four or five spot s to a kernel. No such infestation occurred on the other nuts of the trees which were being used for experiments. These results seem to indicate without a doubt either that kernel spot is cau sed directly by the bugs, or that it is a disease which is carried by them. At the present state of our knowledge the former hypothesis seems to be the more probable.
:\IIS CELLANEO US INSE CTS . .
Breeding work was carried on with several species of borers, particularly the Cossid borer and the Red Shouldered Shot-Hole Borer. Some work was also done with the aphids, including two species of Mon eliia and Lonqistiqma caruae.
TRUCK CROP INSECTS AND DISEASES.
During 1917 no unusual outbreak of truck crop insects occurred. Plant lice or aphids were abundant, as usual, and the office received numerous inquiries concerning remedial measures against these offenders.
35

The swee t potato r oot weevil, a comparatively re cent importation t o Georgia , has been fo und in one locality in the State. The area at present infeste d is a small acreage in the southwestern part of Cha rl t on County. The inf est ation wa s due t o a fe vv pa rties getting inf est ed seed pot at oes and slips f ro m Bak er County, F lor ida .
Instructi on s a nd methods of contr ol were sent each partly affe ct ed. It is hop ed with t he small area in fest ed and t he isolated cond it ions of far ms in t hat section that the weevil can be ext ermin at ed.
Home ga r dens, especia lly in cities and t owns, suffered se ver ely f rom w ilt disease on t omat oes. With no fac iliti es fo r rotation and with hi gh fe r t ilizat ion with st able f ertilizer, it was f ound t hat a g reat many of t hese plot s devoted yea r after yea r t o ga r de ns were thor oughly infected with the wilt disease. It is not advisable to t ry t o gro w plant s at tacked by w ilt disease on in f ect ed soil. By gro w ing only immune pla nts f or a period of three years it has been demonstrated that the disea se can be er adicated. No ot he r method f or the contro l of wilt disea se has been dev ise d.
Leaf diseases of va rio us t r uck pla nts we re in t he main uni formly cont ro lled by spraying w ith Bordeaux mixture.
MISCELLANEOUS INSECTS.
The wire wor m was r eported as injuring cor n severely at poin t s pa r t icular ly in Cam den County. The in j ury was confine d t o land r ecently bro ught under cult ivati on, as a rule. Fall or winter plowing was r ecommended as a control me asure. It was pointed out that t he lar val stage of this pest cons umes t wo to three yea rs, a nd consequentl y unl ess contro l measures wer e ado pte d that a re curren ce of their depredati on s might be expected.
The corn-bill bug was again qui t e in jurious in a number of localit ies. Thor ough destruction of their nati ve fo od plants a year previous to planting new land to corn woul d eliminate or at lea st lessen the injury f ro m this pest. Most all coarse gr asses are attacked by the CornBill Bu g.
OTHER COTTON INSE CTS .
A number of cotton fields were visited during the summer and a ca r ef ul in spection made for the boll weevil. In
36

each case instructions were gi ven on fighting the weevil. About the first of July a number of cotton fields were examined at the growers' requests. Th ey were fo und t o be badly infe sted with th~ cotton red spider . In structions were gi ven about sp r aying to cont ro l this insect . In Au-
gust a number of cotton fields were insp ect ed where the cotton squa r e borer, Urtinotes m elinus wa s working. Th e work of this worm is mi staken by many fo r the work of the boll wee vil. Specimen s and work of this worm were
also re ceived by mail from different sections of the State . If it were not for the parasites that prey upon this worm
it would do a great deal of damage. The cotton boll worm was more r uinous than usual "and did considerable
damage in some fields.

l\WSAIC DISEASE.
Th e Mosaic disease of peppers caused cons iderable damage to P imento pe ppers on S. D. Re ige l & Sons' place at Griffin. La st year t he disease wa s prese nt, but did little damage; th is yea r it was very severe a nd caused a loss of over $1,000.00. This disease w ill be -st udied more in detail next year and experiments conducted for it s control. Insects may spr ea d the disease, especially plant lice, and they should be co'ntro lled by spr aying when the plants are small.

TOMATO WILT EXPERIMENT.

Experiments were conducted on nine varieties of t oma-

toes at the Thomasville St ation t o determine those most

re sistant t o wilt. An examination of the plants in July

1917, showed the following:

'

' OA TIIE T Y
I:.'d F( ~lcl Beauty
1' o ntle r osa Acme X I'\\' E arl~' D e tr o it Llv lucst on Glob e Red R oc k X .'\\, St on e ~ 1' 1 ~1'1 S to n e 111. 11" of York

I 1X o. P lan t S\N o. P lan t s l H e a lth y

\ ::-le t Ou t W ilted

Plu n t s

!

I

1 214

~ I~

1 11(

IJ.l

Io

1 H4

l i ~

I

1

28

28

n

1 200

200

n

1

2~2

2~ 2

1 200

194

nf.

1 22

22

11

1 454

~8 1

70

I

37

This work was beg un by Mr. C. G. Crittenden and continued by Mr. Wm. F . Turner.

NURSE RY INSP ECTION.

All n ursery stock in Georgia nurseries has been car efu lly inspect ed and regulations strictly enforced. The
st ock for season of 1917 -1918 was found to be as fo llow s:

Pe a ch stoc k

1,335, 562

Apple st ock

697,500

P lum stock

45 ,90 8

Pear stock

69 ,45 0

Pe can st ock _0_ ___ ___ __ __ ___ ______ ____ _ 465,923

Ca r olina Poplar

29 ,890

Cher ry _ ______

__________ ___ 38,50 1)

Grape

69,900

St r awbe r ry

~ _ 1,201,000

Mis cellaneous

_

3,134,9 00

Total

7,088,533

The following is a list of the Georgia nurseries authorized to conduct a nursery business in Georgia during the sea son of 1917-1918 :

GE ORGIA NURSERIES.

( 1917-1918)

Cer tv No . Name 50- Acw or t h Nursery

Address Acw orth, Ga .

89- Alex a nde r, H. Lawson ( Dea ler )

llO-Alston. Dr. N. C.

100-Anderson, .T. O.



37- Ande r son, Wm .

Atla nta, Ga . R ichland, Ga. Cor de le, Ga . Bremen, Ga .

86-A nsch utz, Mrs . C. L.

Decatur, Ga .

85- Ashf or d Park Nu rseri es

Atlanta , Ga .

63-Bacon, G. M., Pecan Gr ove s Co. 59-Baconton Nurseries

DeWitt, Ga. Baconton , Ga.

97- Ba rn esvill e Nursery Co. 48-Barnett, J . 1\1.
105-Belcher, W . L.

Barnesville, Ga. Lawren cevill e. G :~ .
Whigham , Ga .

21-Bellevue Fruit Farm

Macon, Ga .

80- BIue Ridge Mountain Nursery ll-Blue Springs Nursery

Mor ganton, Ga . Alb any, Ga.

70-Born's Pecan Farm & Nursery 38- Br eme n Nursery 107-Brown , C. W. 87- Bucher, Mrs. .T. C.

MeRae, Ga. Br emen , Ga . Baconton, Ga . Decatur, Ga .

6-Bullard Pecan Nurseries 15-Capital Cit y Nursery

Albany, Ga. Atlanta, Ga.

39-Ca r r oll Count y Nursery 102- Carrollton Nursery 103- Clements, A. B.

Ca r r ollt on , Ga. Ca r r ollt on, Ga . Cornelia. Ga .

44-Columbia Nurser ies

Gainesv ille, Ga .

112- Conp erative Nursery Stock Co. ( Dea le r) _Atlanta, Ga .

38

Geor gia Nurseries----( Conti nued )

Cert. No. Na me

71- Curry, T . J .

.II-Dahl Fl oral Co., T he C. A. 42-Dixie Nu r sery 72-Dixie Nursery
22-Dixie N ursery

.W-Dixie W holesale Nursery Co. 79-Dover, H . 1.
aO- Dunca n, H. ~ .
2.I-Dyer Nu rsery, T he (19_Edwa r ds & P atter son R2- E lli ja y Nursery

I D-Ellis, J es se T.
SS- E mpire Nurse r ies ( Dea ler) .17-Enterprise Nursery

:la-Equity N ur sery Co. .I:l- Euh a rli e Nursery
Ill-Fairview Nursery 1:I-Farr, O. H.

'i_ " Fa ye tt p.v:ile Nurseries"

GR-Flint Ri ver P eca n Co. I 09- F reema n. F . K. ( Dea le r)
I-Fruitland Nu rseries
llO-Ga uldin, W. T.

IS- Geor g ia Exper iment Station 5.I-Georgia-Florida P lant Co. 17-Georgia Nu r sery Co. a2-Georgia Seed Co.

:15-Gheesling, Mr s . J. H.
(ji-Gillgrove Pecan Nurseries
(j(j-Gla usier Peca n Co. !l1- Harper, Chas. C.

G4-Harris. W. H. 2D-Hartwell Nursery

:\fi-Hastings, H. G. (Deal er) 9S- Hendricks on. F . W.

W-Hiawasse e Nursery Co.

ai-Hogansv ille Nurseries 9:l-Hunt. B. W.

!JG- Idle Hour N urseries 7G-Jack son Count y N urseries

IOI-Katzenstein . Otto, & Co. ( Deale r) I 04-La F a yet t e Nursery 95-Lakevi ew Nursery 2:l-LeConte Nursery -

l OS-Lee Nursery Co., (Dealer) 59- Little, A . D. 27-Lott, D. & O.

75 -~ lagnolia Hill Nur seri es

!i5-~lag nolia N urs ery

!i:l- l\la rsha ll, M. H .

8 1- ~1iI I e r, G. H . & Son

.:

(i2 -~lille r , J. B., & Co.

~

Add r es s
McR a e, Ga . Atlanta, Ga . Parrott, Ga. McRae, Ga . Val~osta, Ga .
Ma?:letta, Ga. Ellij ay , Ga . Ca non, Ga .
S~arp, G~ .
Milledgeville , Ga. E l~ij ay , Ga . Gr iffin, Ga . Atla nta, Ga . Ca rl, Ga . Ho va nsv ille, Ga . Rockmart, Ga . N a yl or , Ga . Lees burg , Ga.
Riv erdale. (:a .
Al bany, Ga . At h en s, Ga . Augu sta, Ga. Quit m a n , Ga .
E xp eriment. Ga . Va ldosta , Ga .' Concor d, Ga . Hoga nsvill e, Ga. Gr eensb or o. Ga . Baconton, Ga . . Ba conton, Ga . W a ycr oss, Ga .
Fort Vall ey, Ga . Hartwell, Ga .
At lanta. Ga . Milledg evill e, Ga.
H iawassee. Ga . Hog an svill e, Ga . Eaton ton, Ga .
Macon, Ga . Wi nder , Ga .
Atlanta, Ga. LaFa y ette, Ga. Rossville, Ga. Smithville. Ga . Atlanta , Ga . Th oma sville. Ga . W a ycross, Ga.
Mei gs, Ga. Ca ir o, Ga . Dawson, Ga. Rome, Ga . Ba conton , Ga .

39

Georgia Nurseries--(Continued)

Cert. No. Name

Address

2-Nelson, W. K.

Augusta, Ga.

45-Nimbleweill Nurseries

Dahlonega, Ga .

9-0elschi g & Son s, A. C. 78-Parker, T. H.

Savannah, Ga. Moultrie, Ga.

52- P a r r ot t Nursery 81- P ayne, Jno. B.

Parrott, Ga. Blue Ridge, Ga.

56-Pecan Grove Nursery 61-Pinson, J . R.

Cairo, Ga. Baconton, Ga.

20-Pike County Nurseries

Concord, Ga.

12-Ramsey Pecan Grove Nursery 92-Redding, C. H.

Lee sburg, Ga. Waycross, Ga.

10-Richardson, A. W.

Savannah, Ga.

57-Riverside Nursery

. __. Cairo, Ga.

7-Rood Pecan Grov es

Albany, Ga .

14-Roseland Nursery

South Atlanta, Ga.

16-Smith Brothers Nursery Co. 40-Smithwick Or chard Co. 25-Snedeker, A. Clar ke 83-Sneed, J . C. H. 94-Snoots, A. D.

. _. __Conc ord, Ga. Americus, Ga . Blackshear, Ga . Atlanta, Ga. Lyerly, Ga.

51-Southern Nut Tree Nurseries 58-Stone, B. W.

Thomasville, Ga . Thomasville, Ga .

34- St on e Mountain Botanical Gardens 73-Strain, R. A.

Stone Mountain, Ga. Darien, Ga.

28-Stribling, J . M.

Ti gnall, Ga.

3- St ulbs ' Nursery

Au gu sta, Ga.

74- Th om a svill e Nurseries 65-Tqmlinson, G. H .

Th omasville, Ga. Putney, Ga.

60-Tuck Brothers

Thomasville, Ga .

77- Unit ed Nurseries Co. 4-Wachendorff Brothers

Moultrie, Ga. Atlanta, Ga .

106-West View Floral Co. 26-Williams, W. P .

Atlanta, Ga . Blacksh ear, Ga.

OUT-OF-STATE NURSERIES.
(1917-1918)
Nurseries outside of Georgia desiring to conduct a business within this State are required to file a duplicate of certificate received in State where nursery is located before a Georgia certificate is issued.
The following is a list of nurseries outside of the State which are authorized to sell stock within the State:

Cert. No. Name
112-American Rose & Plant Co. IS-Andorra Nurseries
103-Audobon Nursery 9-Baines, Miss Ella V.
75-Baker, R. L.

Address
Springfield, Ohio. Philadelphia, Pa. Wilmington, N. C. Springfield, Ohio . Baileyton, Ala.

40

Out -of -State N urse ries.-( Cont inued )

Cert. No. N a me
72-Bass, 1. E ., & So ns ~ecan Co. 84-Bechtel Pecan Nu rs eri es 66-Bill Dad Nu r ser y Co. 3D-Biloxi Nu r ser y
87_ Bloom field Nursery & Seed Co. 38- Bobbink & Atkin s 55-Brown Brothe rs Compa ny I ll- Bunti ng-'s Nurseries 93-Burbank, Luther
96-Calif orn ia N ursery Co.
49-Ceda r Hill Nursery & Or cha rd Co. 42-Cha se Nursery Co. 34- Childs, John Lew is, In c. 115-Chipola Nu r ser y
113-Citronelle Nursery & Orchard Co. 88- Columbia Nursery '16- Combined Nursery Co. I 5- Comm er cial Nursery Co. 32-Commercia l Nursery Co. 66- Continental Pl a nt Co. 68-Cumberla nd N urser y Co.
79-Davis, Frank lin , Nurseries, Inc. 7l-Davis, W. H., & Son I 17-Delmas , Irving P . & Son s 35- Dr eer , Henry A., Inc.
99-Eagle Pecan Co., The 17-Easterly Nu rsery Co. 65-Ellwanger & Barry
62-Empire Farm & Nu rsery Co., Th e 95-Fairmount Nu rsery 29-Fairview Nurser y Co. l 06-F a r quh a r, R. & J. , & Co. 51-F ir st National Nurseries 63-F lori da Nurseri es I 6-For est Nurser y Co. 58- F raser Nu r sery Co. 114--;Gall oway Br ot hers & Co. 4l- Glen Brothers, Inc.
40-Glen Sa in t Mary Nurseri es Co. 48-Glenwood Nurseries
4-Globe Nurseries. The S-Good & Re ese Co., Th e
IO-Great We st ern Plant Co., The 54-Green 's Nursery Co.
I-Greenville N ur sery Co. 45-Griffing Nurseries 23-Gr iffing Nu r seri es l 2-Hale, J . C., Nurser v Co. 24- H ar lan F arms Nur sery 77-Ha r r ison 's Nurser ies 92- Hi ll Nu r ser y Co., Th e D. 89- Hillenmeyer , H. F ., & So ns
41

Address
Lumberton.. Mis s. . Oce,an ~pnn g s , MIss. Sm it hvi lle, Tenn. Bilox i, Miss.
Monticello , F la. Ru th er fo r d, N . J Roches t er , N. Y. Selbyville, Del. Santa Rosa , Ca l.
N iles, Cal.
Winchester, Tenn. Chase, A la . Floral Park, N. Y. Apalachicola, F la .
f__ Cit r onelle , Ala . La ke City, F la . Smithv ille , Tenn . Deche rd , T enn . Monti cell o, Fla. Kittrell , N . C. Win chest er , Tenn.
Ba ltimore, Md. Sm ithville, Tenn . Pascagoula, Mis s. River t on, N . J .
Pittsview, Ala. Clev eland, T enn . Roehester, N . Y.
Baileyton, Ala . Signal Mountain, Tenn Win ch est er, Tenn . Dedh am, Mas s . Roeh ester, N. Y. Mon tic ello , Fla. McMinnville, Tenn. Huntsville, Ala . Wa t erloo, Iowa Roch est er, N . Y.
Glen St . Ma r y, F la . Morrisville, Pa, Bri stol. Tenn.-Va. Springfield, Ohi o.
Sp ringfield, Ohio. Rochester, N. Y. Gr eenvill e, S. C. Grand Bay , Ala. P ort Ar th ur, Texas . Winchester, Ten n. P a xton, Fl a . Ber!in, Md. Dundee, Ill .' Lexington, Ky.

Out-of-8 tate Nurseries.- ( Continued)

Cer t. No. Name

Address

86- Horn, A., & So ns 98-Ho usto n Nursery Co. 67-Howell Nurseries

H a r r is on, T enn. Dotha n, Ala. Knoxv ille , Tenn .

64- H u bba r d, T. S., Company
GI - H untsvill e Wh oles al e N urserie s 13- Int er-St a t e N urseries
39- J ac k son & Pe rkins Co., Inc. llO-Kell og g- Co., R. M.

F redoni a , N . Y.
Huntsville, Ala. Ma cclenn y. F la.
Newark, N . J. Three R iv ers, Mich .

56- Ke lly Brothers Wh olesal e N urseries

53-Kill ia n Nursery Co., T he

36- K noxvill e N ursery Co.

70-Mcl\li n nville N ursery & Orc hard Co.

5- Ma r ble Cit y Nursery

.

26-1\leehan, Thomas B., Company

19-Meeh a n & So ns, Thom a s

l02- Monticello N urse ries

8l - Mou nt Olive Nurse ry Co.

l OI-l\Iunson N urseri es

20-Ne w H a ven N urs eries

Dansvill e, N. Y. Newton , N . C. Knoxville. Tenn.
McMinnvill e, T enn . K nox vill e. T enn .
Dresher. P a . P hi la de lphia, P a. Mon t icell o, F la . Smithville, T en n. Deni so n, T exa s N ew Ha ven, 1\10.

97-New Orleans P eca n N urser y Co.

N ew Or lea ns , La .

G9-0ak La wn N ur se ry

H un t svill e, Ala.

47-Pe rry Nursery Co.

Ro chester, N . Y.

52-Pied mont Nurseries

K im esvill e, N . C.

82-P r inceto n Nurseri es

Princeton, N. J .

l 07-Rams ey, W. P .

Ocean Sp rings , Mis s.

27- Sa r cox ie Nursery

Sa r coxi e, 1\10.

GO-Scarff' s Nu rser ies

New Ca r lisle , Ohi o.

ll G- Sch ifferli N urseries

F red oni a , N. Y.

I 04-Schmidt & Botley Co.

Sp ri ngfi eld, Oh io.

44-Seven Sp r in g s Nursery Co.

Sm it hvill e, Tenn .

l l -Sh a dow Nursery Co., J oe

Winchester , Tenn.

25-Sh aha n , E. 1\1.

Winch ester, Ten n.

(i-Shenandoa h Nu r s eries

Shenandoah , Iowa.

14- Sim pson N ur sery Co.

Montice llo, F la.

l 05-Sonder eg g er Nu r series

Beatrice, Neb .

3- Sout hern Nursery Co.

Winch este r , T enn .

7-St ark Broth ers Nursery & Orc hards Co.cL oui si ana , Mo.

22-Star Nursery Co.

Sm ithvile, T enn.

l OO- Steckl er Seed Co., J .

N ew Or leans, A la .

l 09-St ok es, E. E .

Ca m pville, Fl a .

31- St or r s & Harris on Co., The

P ain esvill e, Ohio.

28- Summit Nurser ies

Monticello, Fla.

85- Syler Nurse ry Co.

Meridianv ille, A la.

94-Taylor, H. S. & Co.

Roch ester, N. Y.

83- T en ness ee Nursery Co.

Clevela nd, T en n.

80- T exas N urs ery Co.

Sh erman, T exa s

57-Tho mas, W. W.

A nna, III.

76- T ur key Creek Nurseries

Mac clenny , Fl a.

33- U nit ed N urseries Co.

Montice llo, Fl a .

91- U nite<;\ Sta t es N urser y Co., Th e

Rose acres, Miss.

74- Val rlesi an Nursery

Bostic, N. C.

I 08-Vallance Nursery

Oakland, Ca l.

42

Out-of-State Nurseries.-( Continued) ,

Cer t. N o. Na me

Address

59-Van Dusen Nurseries
43-Van Lindley Nursery Co., J. 78-Watson, F . W . & Co.

Gen eva, N. Y.
Pomona, N. C. Top eka, Ka s .

37- West ern No rth Carolina Nursery Co. __Stecoah , N. C.

50- West Hill Nurser ies

Fredonia , N. Y.

Tl- Westmin ster Nurser y

'Westminst er, Md.

21_Wharton Spring-s Nursery Co.

Smithville, Tenn.

2_W ;nche ster Nursery Co.

. Win chester , Tenn.

90-Wood, Allen L.

Roch ester , N . Y.

FORE IGN NURSERY STOCK.
During the yea r 1917 considerably less imp orted nursery stock was shipped t o Georgia than in previous yea rs . All shipments wer e car efully ins pected.
The foll owing f or eign nurseries mad e sh ipments into t he State during 1917 :

R. H. Bath, Ltd . F. Dela unay Chas. Detriche Heme r ay-Au ber t Louis Leroy 's Nu r sery Ott oland er & Hoo f tman
Vincent Labra t on's Nu r ser y

W isb ech , En g-land An g ers, France An gers, France Orleans, France Angers, France Boskoop, Hollan d
LaPyramide, Trelaze, France

The total number of plant s imp or ted was 111,867 and the followi ng firm s re ceived sh ipments from the count r ies indicated:

C. A: Dahl
As hford P ark Nurser y P. J . Ber ckmans Co. Idle Hour Nu r ser y G. H. Miller & Son A. C. Oelschi g & So ns W. L. Stewart Thom a svill e Nur sery, Lt d. Wachendo rff Br os. Cha s. Woodr uff

France
Holland F ra nce France E ngland France H ollan d .F r a nce
.F r ance .H olla nd Holland

Atlanta
Chamblee Augusta Ma con Rome S a v a n n ah V aldo s ta Thomasvillle Atla nta Macon

Only two minor scale insects wer e fo und on a few
plants. This speaks well for the improvement noted since th e Federal law requiring inspe cti ons to be mad e of imported stoc k.

43

FINANCIAL STATEME NT.
Th e acco unts of t he Depar t men t have been audited and the r eport of expen dit ures is as fo llows :

J an. 1, 1917

Receipts.

Bal an ce on ha nd

_

From State Tr easurer

_

F ro m U. S. Burea u of Entomology- Re nL_ From Sa le of Far m P roduct s, Thomasville ; F r om Sa le of Farm P r odu ct s, Va ldos t a __

s 256.32 50,000.00 178.50 4,002 .86 2 ,857. 21

Total t o acco unt f or

$57 ,294 .8 9

Disbursements.

Salar ies

_

Trav eling E xp enses

_

Census of Fruit Trees

_

Stationer y and Office Supplies

_

F re ig ht a nd E xpress

_

Bulletins a nd Circ ulars

_

P osta g e, T el. and T el.

_

F urniture & F ixtures

_

Map s, Char ts & Sig ns

_

Library

_

Lab oratory Supplies Labora t ory Labor Publicit y
E du ca ti onal Art and Phot o Su pp lies Cotton Seed a nd Velvet Bean s Sack s

_ _ _
- - -- - --_ _ _

Fi eld Supplies and E xpense

_

VVa g e s

_

Scales

_

Rent

_

Miscella neous a nd Mules

_

$21,796. 13 8 ,715 .84 2,773. 56 1,227.86 448 .04 2,270 .36 1,70 2.52 168.10
35.75 26.12 673.76 159.75 85 1.0 0 99 .91 26 1.45 3,202.59 80 0.49 3,711.98 3,335.93 12.50 1 ,67 0.00 2,384 .30

56 ,327 .9,1

Balance
Ba la nce (Atl a nta ) Balan ce at Thomasville Bal ance a t Val dosta

$ 966 .95
$ 771.28 150.72 44 .95
----
~ 966 .95 $ 966.95

Respectfully,
E. LEE WORSHAM, State Entomologist.

44

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:;

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~

BOLL W[::: VIL QUARANTIN[ MAP
1917 1918
GEORG IA S T A T [ BOARD Or E NTO MOL OG Y
- - -- AT LA NTA GEOR GIA
:..-- - -----~~_.

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Georgia State Board of Entomology
ATLANTA , GEORGIA
COTTON VARIETY. TESTS 1918
By
A. C. LEWIS ,
St at e Entomologist
C. A. McLENDON,
Exp ert in Cotton Breedin g

BULLETIN 52

JANUARY 1919

Georgia State Board of Entomology
ATLANTA , GEORGIA
COTTON VARIETY TESTS 1918
By
A. C. LEWIS,
State Entomol ogi st
C. A. McLENDON,
Expert in Cotton Breedin g

BULLETIN 52

JANUARY 1919

GEORGIA STATE BOARD OF ENTOMOLOGY.
ORGANIZATION AND STAFF.
HO N. J. J . BROWN, Chairm a n, Commissioner of Agric ult u re , Atl a nt a.
HON. R. C. BERCKMANS, Macon.
HON. JNO. A. COBB, Amer ic us .
A. C. LEWIS, State Entomologist a n d Secret ary of t he Board, Atl a nta.
W. W. CHASE, Assista nt State Entomologist , Cornelia .
W. V. REED, Ass ist a nt Entomolo gist, Atlant a .
IRA W. WILLIAMS, Cotton Sp ecialist, Thomasville.
(In Cha rge of Valdosta an d Thoma s vill e Sta ti on s )
C. A. McLENDON, E xp ert in Cotton Breeding, Atla nt a .
W. F. T URNER, Ass ista n t E ntomologist, Atlan ta.
D. C. WAR REN, Assist a nt Entomologist, Valdosta .
B. M. GADDIS, Superintendent Valdosta Station, Valdosta.
Vl. H. LEONARD, Superintendent Thomasvill e Station, Thomasville.
J. C. MANESS, Field Age nt , Atl a nta.
A. J. }1'LEMING, Fi eld Age nt, Thomasville.
J. H. PRE S SLEY, Fi eld Age nt, Va ldosta.

COTTON VARIETY TESTS 1918
By
A. C. LEWIS, State Entomologist
C. A. McLEN DON, Exp ert in Cotton Br eeding
INTRODUCT ION.
The boll weevil is now present in most of the cottonproducing a rea of Georgia, having inva ded a ll of that te rri tory south of a lin e t hrough the following pla ces: Summer ville, Rome, Carter sville, Ma rietta , Conyers, Mad ison, Greensbor o, Camak, Thomson, and Augus ta . The wilt disease so prevalent in t he soils of South Georgia is rapidly spreading fr om year to year , and a nthracnose , as well as many other diseases a nd insect s, dama ges t he crop mo re or less every year. Ther efor e, in selecting va rieties of cotton t o grow in Georgia from now on, ea rlin ess for bollweevil conditi ons and resistance to these diseases are of the greatest importan ce.
Th e variety tes ts t ha t we conducted in 1818 are pr etty well distributed over the state, a s is shown in the map on page 38, a nd it is solely for t he purpose of determining in this way the varieti es best suited to the different loca lities of the state that t his work is being don e. The r esults of these tests are given in detail in t his bulletin, a nd it is h oped that every fanner wiII mak e a close study of them, es pecially t he results of t he t ests located nearest t he ir fa rms. After the bes t va rieti es are decided upon in t his way, we continue t he work by assisting one or more farmers in each se ctio n of t he State in improving these varieties according to the latest methods of breeding cotton.
We have been con ducting breedin g work in Sout h Georgia on wilt-resistant varieties of cotton fo r the last fou rteen years, with very gratifying res ults , as the yields in t he tests for 1918 and other years hav e well demonstra ted. Sin ce the adve nt of the boll weevil in Georgia we have extended our br eeding oper ations t o a ll portions of t he state so as t o develop and im prove a dditi on a l va ri eti es for growing und er boll-w eevil conditions.
In this work we have suc ceeded in originating and improving several varieties that a re suited to t he differ ent sections of Georgia. Among other varieti es th e Lewis 63, DeSoto, and Dix-Afifi were originated by this department, and the Council-T oole, Ex press, Cleveland Big Boll , and
5

Cook's Improved have been greatly improved under our direction. Pure seed of these varieties is available through our co-operative bre eders all over the state. Within the next year or so we hop e to have pure strains of one or two of the best ea rly-mat uring varieties, so that the farmers of North Georgia r equiring this character of seed will not be forced to plant the impure se ed that th ey are now using.
Varieties possessing the requisite ea rliness for bollweevil conditions are those which begin fruiting early in the seas on and put on a large cro p of good, matured bolls before the weevils become n umerous enough to destroy all of the blooms and bolls as t-hey appear. Oth er ch ara cte r s, such as len gth a nd percen tage of lin t, size and shape of bolls, density of folia ge, fruiting habits, yield, etc., being about equal under ordinary conditions, varieties that are early enough for boll-weevil conditions and highly r esistant to wilt and other dis eas es should invariably be select ed to grow wh er e these enemies of cotton occur to any extent. In making the following su gg estions as to the best varietie s to gr ow in Georgia next season, we have had constantly in mind all of these conditions and requisites , and our recommendations a re based up on the results of variet y t ests conducted during 1918 a nd previou s years.

RECOMMENDATIONS.

In So uth Georgia , that is, all t hat area of the sta te south

of a line fro m Aug us ta, thro ug h Ma con, t o Columbus , wh er e

the wilt occ urs to any extent, n one but the very best a nd

ea rliest wilt-resista nt va rietie s, such as the Lewis 63, Coun-

cil-Toole, a nd DeSoto, sh ould be grown. In fa ct, n o other

shor t-sta ple varieties ca n be grown successfully under wilt

a nd boll-w eevil conditio ns , a ccordin g t o our exp erience and

observations. In sections of South Georgia where no wilt

occurs pure strains of T oole, Cleveland Big Boll, Coole's

Im pr oved, College No.1, and other improved varieties of

similar typ e will do well.

-

In North Georgia, that is, all that are a of the state n orth

of a line from Aug us ta, t hrough Ma con, to Columbus, wher e

the blg-bolled varieti es usually pr oduce the best crop, t he

earlies t a nd purest strains of Clevela nd Big Boll, Cook's

Improved, College No. 1, a n d other improved varieti es of

similar typ e are r ecommended, and wh ere medium-bolled

or small -belled varieti es thrive best, improved seed of the

" early" or ''lIing'' types should be planted. On th e low-

lands and in the mountainous sections of North Georgia

only these very early-maturing va rietie s will, as a rule,

mature a profitable crop, the growing season usually being

so short.

The market conditions for the staple cottons have been

so unsatisfactory during the past year we are at a loss to

6

know wh at to advise the fa rm ers in this connection. However, we trust that these con ditions will soon change, so that they will know wh ether to conti nue to plant the staple varieties. In some secti on s of the extreme southern part of the state it may be that wilt-resis tant, long-sta ple cotton can be grown with profit, eve n if no premium is received for the lint, a nd in su ch locali ties wh ere the wilt dis ease is present t he Dix Afifi is the best variety to plant . In Central Geor gia the Webber No. 49, a nd Improved Ex press are t he best staple varieties t o grow. The Express is the onl y staple variety tha t is ea rly enough for extreme North Georgia conditions.
From t he results secured in the du sting experime nts for the con t rol of the boll weevil, con ducted a t Valdosta in 1918, no r ecommend ation s can be made. This work wiII be conti nued, and it is hoped t hat it will soon yield some results which t he fa nners ca n use. 'We are still ad vising farmer s to fight t he boll wee vil a ccording to the sa me meth ods that have been recommend ed for t he past year. We would, therefore, warn the m a gainst planting to o much cotton this year, as we do not know what kind of a season . we shall have next summer. The boll weevils may beco me so nume rous , if the weather conditions a re favorable for th eir rapid increa se in .Tune, J uly, and August, a s to make the growing of cotton un pro fitable under the pr esent conditions of h igh cost of production.
For fu ll informa tion in regard to fighting the boll weevil, litera ture on t he improvement of cotton by breeding methods, and sources of pure planting seed of the varieties herein recommended, write th e Georgia State Board of Entomology , Atlanta , Georgia .
7

* V A R I ET Y TEST, VIENNA, GA., 1918.
This cotton was planted March 28th in rows 4lh feet
apart and the cotton thinned to about two feet apart in the row; fertilized with 400 pounds of 9-3-0 guano per acre. Soon after the cotton had been chopped to a stand, nitrate of soda was applied a t the rate of about 75 pounds per acre. Type of soil sandy loam, typical of much of the soil of Dooly County. This cotton followed corn a nd velvet beans. For this reason t he wilt disea se and nema tode worms were not very se vere and only a few of t he va rietie s were kill ed out t o a ny gre at extent by th e nema t odes or wilt disease, as sho wn in T able 1.
It will be noted from the table that this cotton was not ga t he red very early. It grew so fast a n d pr oduced so much folia ge t hat it did not ma ture as early as it sh ould have done.
The boll weevil was foug ht in this test until they were so numerous that it wa s imp ossible t o pick up the squares any longer. We believe t his test would have yielded bet ter under the boll-w eevil conditi ons with out the a pplication of nitrate of soda, as it made t oo m uch weed. Th is te st was planted on the Modella Fa rm ; J. D. Hendley, Superintendent.
VA R I ETY TE ST, LU MP KI N, GA., 1918.
This t est was pla nted on J . F. H umber's pla ntation a t Lumpki n, April 15th, in ro ws 4% feet a pa rt , a nd thinn ed t o about 24 inch es in th e row. The land, the year before, was in cor n and velvet beans. The gro un d wa s flat brok e ea rly in the year, then bedd ed out in th e spring. It was fertilized a t pla nti ng time with 400 pounds of 9-3-0 gua no per a cre ; type of soil Orangeburg sandy loam with red subsoil, typica l of much of th e soil of St ewa rt County. As th is t est followed corn and velvet bea ns, t he wilt disease and nema tode worms were not very severe, and , as inclica te d in Table 2, only a few of the varieties died to a ny great extent from the wilt disease.
A close watch-ou t was k ept for the fir st appearan ce of t he boll weevil. The fir st in fested squares were picke d up very ca re fully. After that the squares were picked up once a week for five wee ks . On acco unt of the sca rc ity of la bor in the fall the cotton was no t picke d as ea rly as it sho uld h ave been, an d hence we do n ot give in t he t able th e a mo unt s pick ed at the different t imes , but the to ta l yield per a cr e. Th is cotton was a ll gathe re d befor e October 1st. The boll weevil destroyed a ll t h e boll s t hat did no t set in time to open before Oct ober 1st. The cotton conti n ued to grow a nd bloom, bu t no more of it matured.
*Y nrietv test s at V ienna, Lumpk in , Am er icu s, nnd B ru nswi ck we ro conducted un d er th e di re ction of A. C. L ewi s, St at e E n t omologis t .
B

TABLE 1.-Results of variety test conducted during 1918 on farm of J. D. Hendley, Vienna, Doo ly County, Georgia, showing the rank in total seed cotton , lint, a nd value per a c re, for the twenty-two varieties in the t est.

V,\ IUlC,\,Y

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Modella .. -_.............._- 45!) 89] 1350 5 36 48G 81$168.48 10

Clevela n d .................. 351 810 1161 10 38 441 12 148.68 14

Dixie Impro ved ... :324 1188 1512

.) .)

35 529 6 182.43 5

Lewis G:L ................. 5'10 1:323 1863 1 37 689 1 234.82 1

Kin g ............................_- 270 48G 75G 14 34 257 20 89.42 21

Council-T oole ..._-- 432 1242 I G7l1 2 :38 G3G 2 214.41 ~

Petty- T oole ............ 324 10801 404 4 38 534 5 179.97 G

Ba n k Acc o un t ...... 243 48G 720 15 34 248 21 86.27 22

De S ot o ........................

1
618 102G I G7 4

2

35

58G o...

202.1G

3

Dillo n .-_...................__... 21G1206 I G12

0)
0'

37

559

4

189.87

4

T oole .... ................ :~78 5'10 m 8 13 38 348 17 117.G 3 20

Dillon-H ybrid ...... 1 270 788 10li:3 11 36 380 H 129.95 17

Ha lf s:- H a lf ......... .. :3781 ) 40 !H S 1:3 39 358 I G 119.84119

Sim pk in s .. --............ 513 540 10 6 :~ 11 34 358 1G 124.56 18

College N o. 1......... 5,10 810 1350 Cook ........ .....................I 51:3 75G12G !l1 Poulnot ..................._- 48G 810 129G

~ I ~~ I 51 500 7 482 !l 3G 477 10

1G9 .75 :.i 162.50 11 1G2.22 12

Dix-M ifi .................. G48 648 12% 7 :3 2 415 13 179.45 7

E xpress .....-............... 621 540 1.1 Gl 10 :n 360 15 143.23 1&

Webber ... ................. 243 75G 9!l9 12 32 320 19 138.8G16

Meade .....-.................. 351 864 1215 n 28 340 18 153.02 1:1

Aca la No . 5............... 459 86411323 G 35 464 11 17n.H ! 8

-- - - - - - - - - ' - -- - ' -- ---'---- --'--- - ' -- '----- -'-----'----- _ . _ .
'Lint of all sho r t-st npl o varieties valued fit 28 cts . p er po und . Lint of Lo ng s tn ple vari eties v al u ed as follo ws: Dr x-Afifi, 34 ct s.; Expr es s, 32 cts. ; W eb ber , 36 cts . ; Mead e, 36 cts. ; an d Acaln No. 5, 32 ct s. pe r poun d. Seed of nil vnr-iot ies va lue d at $ 70 .0 0 p er t on ,
F or p or cen t. of h ealth)' pl an t s s ee T a ble ~ .

9

TABLE 2.-Results of var iety. test co nd ucte d during 1918 on farm of J. F. Humbe r, Lumpkin, St ew a rt County, Georg ia , sh owing th e rank in total seed cotton, lint, a nd value per acre, for the twentyone varieties in the test.

V ARI ETY

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Dill o n -Hybr id ........................... 1716 3 Cook ................................................... 1408 8 I~ing ................--................................. 1040 13 Lewis 63 .......................................... 1862 1 Ban k Acc o unt ........................... 1092 12 Council-Tool e ........................... 1820 2 T o ol e -_.............................................. 1560 5 P etty-Toole ....__.......................... 1820 2 H alf & I-Ialf ................................. 1498 6 De S o t o -_........................................... 1612 4 Poulnot .................-........................ 1196 10 Dillon .............................................. 1300 9 Cleve la n d ...................................... 1456 7 Dixi e Improved ........................ 1300 9 Co lleg e No . I .............................. 1040 13 Ma della ...-...._------_.......................... 1092 12 Di x-Afif i ...._..................................... 1560 5 W eb b er ....-....__...._--............_._............ 1092 12 Mea de ..........-_.._---...__......................... 1144 11 Ex pr e ss ....._..._-----_......................--- 1040 13 A cal a No . 5___ _____...__.___................... 832 14
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36 618 38 535 34 354 37 689 34 341 38 692 38 593 38 692 39 584 35 564 36 431 37 481 38 553 35 455 37 385 36 393 32 499 32 329 28 320 31 322 35 291
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3 $211.47 3 8 185.55 8 15 123.22 17 2 234.47 1 Hi 121.76 18 1 233.24 2 4 166.04 9 1 233.24 2 5 195.01 5 6 194.60 6 12 147.45 12 10 163.34 10 7 185.89 7 11 156.97 11 14 131.22 15 13 134.50 14 9 206.70 4 17 145.19 13
19 201 n~ :rn4.
18 128.17 15 20 112.05 HI
I

*L in t of ull sh or t -s t np lo va rieties val ue d at 28 ct s . p er po u nd . Li n t of lon g -

sta p le v ari et ie s v al ued as fo llow s : D ix A fifi. 3,1 cts .; W c b b or-, ~6 cts . ;

)[ pnd e, 36 cts. ; E xp r ess, 32 ct s . ; an d Aca ln N o. 5 , :J~ c t s . p er p ou nd . See d

or a ll v a ri eti es v a lu ed at $ 70 .0 0 p er t on .

.

F or p er ce n t . of h ea lthy pl a n t s s ec T'ah lc ~ .

. 10

TABL E 3.-S umm a ry of resu lt s of var iety te sts co nducted o n the farm of J. D. Hendl ey , Vienn a , Georgi a , and J. F. Hu mbe r, Lu mpk in, Georg ia, s how in g th e ran k in y ie ld of li nt, an d the per cent of heal thy plants for years 1916, 1917 a nd 1918.

VA R IET Y

----

--

V ari ety T es t on F arm of J . D. Hend ley. V ienn a, Gn.

V arie ty T est on F a rm

of J . F . Humb er ,

I

L umpk in , Ga .

Rank in Y i e ld of li nt

II P ehr ecaelnt ht,y of , p la nts j

Rank in Yie ld of lint

Per cent. of h eal thy
I plan ts

1!1l1; ll !11 7 1 1~I SII~ 1 6 i H117 11!IlR\ 1911;\ 1!1171 1!tlSl l!116 j 1!1171 uns

Dillon-Hy bri d

......... ...... ......

14

95 ...... ...... 1

...... ......

3 ...... ...... 95

13 Cook ..u _ ...... 9 ...... 50 75 2 14 8 82 50 70

King ........__....................... 6 16 20 90 45 60 12 11 15 40 60 60

1~1 Lewis 63 .................... 3 2 1 98 98 95 1
Bank Acco unt ...... 8 15 21 84 50 60 14

2 90 97 95 16 36 55 60

Cou n cil-Toole ......... 1 1 2 97 98 90 9 1 1 85 97 95

Covin gton-Toole

5 97 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ......

...... ......

--_...

P et t y-To ol e ......-........ ...... ......

5 85 ..._-. ..._--

...... ......

1 ...... ...... 90

Toole .-................--.-........ 9 3 17 86 95 75 5 .o.. 4 76 90 75

11 ..~.I Half & Half ............... 7 10 16 85 65 75 4

Simpkins .........-.....-.--.. 13

16 80 55 70 ......

5 75 85 70
...... ...... ...-.. ......

DeSoto ........................... 2 4 3 98 98 95 3 6 6 92 97 95

Poulnot ........._----_..._...-. ...... ...... 10 ...... ...... 74 7 7 12 78 90 70 1
Dillon ............................. 1 5 4 98 97 95 ...... ...... 10 ...... ...... 92

11 Clevela n d .........-._...... 7 9 12 86 75 65 6 10 7[ 80 80 75
Dixie Improved ..._.- 5 8 6 98 97 95 8 4 90 97 90

College No . L .......... ...... .-.... 7 ...... ...... 75 ...... ...... 14 ...... _..... 75

~r()d ella ............_-....-..-.. 4 6 8 96 95 88 ...... 8 13 ...... 95 90

Dix-Afifi 10 .............-.--.... 7 13 97 98 95 10 12 9 90 95 95

Webb er ........................ 11 14 19 86 55 65 13 16 17 35 55 65

~ ~ I ss' 11 70" G5 "r eacle .............__.......-.... ...... ......
E xpres s ....................... 12 12

...... 70 ...... ...... 19

65

65 60 15 181

60

111 , Acul a No. 5 ............... ..1

70 ...... ...... 20

60

1 ...... 1 ....."

Deta il. of r esults on thes e t est s fo r 191 6 and 19 17 a re g ive n in ou r bu lletins 46 a nd 50 .
F or sou r ces of s eed u s ed in th es e t es t s s ec pa ge 3 7.

11

VARIETY TEST, AMERICUS, GA., 1918.
This t est at Am ericus wa s planted on J . M. Council's plantation May 7th, in r ow s 4% fee t a par t, and thinned to one sta lk about two feet a part in the row. This cotton was planted the first time on April 3rd ; came up t o a stand, but was destroyed so com pletely by a hea vy rain a nd hail storm that the cotton was plow ed up a nd planted a gain May 7th. Soil Gr eenville, gra velly sandy loam, typical of much of the best soil of Sumter County.
This land was in cotton in 191G when the wilt disease and nematode worms kill ed n early a ll the cotton on the land. It wa s pla nte d in corn a nd velvet beans in 1917. Aft er t his rota ti on, it will be noted, from Table 4, t hat t he ordin ary varieties of cotton were killed out t o a grea t ext ent by t he wilt diseas e a nd nema t ode worms, and that the wilt-resistant va rieties stood up very well, only a small percenta ge of t he stalks dyin g.
Th e bo ll we evil did no t str ike this cott on very early, the m iddle of July, hence, eve n th ough plan ted very la te, May 7t h , it made a fa irly go od yield of cotton consider ing the season a nd t he presenc e of t h e boll weevil. T he squa re s w er e picked up once a week until the cotton was so large it was im practicable t o gather them a ny longer .
VA RIETY T E ST , BRU NSWIC K , GA., 1918.
T his cotton was pla nted on Par ker &: T ait 's planta tion, a t New Hope , Apr il 18th, in rows fo ur feet a par t , a nd t hin ned to a bout t wo feet in a r ow ; fert ilized at the rat e of 400 pounds per a cre with 10-4-0 guano. So il Nor folk fine sa nd, t ypica l of much of the soil in Glynn County. This cotton was planted on la nd which t he year befo re hand been in corn and velvet beans. The wilt disea se did n ot show up t o any grea t ex te nt . The boll weev il infest ed this field of co tt on ver y lat e in the season, a nd hence did n ot r educe the yield of cott on very much . See Tab le 5.
12

TABLE 4.-Resu lts of var iety test co nd ucted d uri ng 1918 on farm of Jno. M. Co unc il, Amer icus, Sum ter Co un ty, Geo rg ia , s howi ng t he
ra nk in total seed co tton, lint, a nd va lue pe r a cre, f o r t he n inetee n va ri etie s in the test.

VARIET Y

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I I I Lewis 63 .--_....................... 1566 1 37 579 1 $196.66

I
95

:1 Petty-Toole ................ 1350 3 38 513 4 172.93

90

Dillon ............................... 1026 7 37 380 6 128.51 7 90
I
Ban k Accou nt u _ _ 432 15 34 147 18 51.13 19 40

Express ................................ 810 12 31 251 16 99.88 15 60

Toole .........-........................_- 7561 131 38 287 13 96.77 16 50

1~ 1 DeSoto .......-...........__......... 1080 6 35 378 7 130.41

90

King .............................. 810 12 34 275 14 95.72

40

Mead e ................................. / Cleveland ........................

702/ 141 281 197 17

I
88.591 181 60

810

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12 38

308

12

103.81

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14 55

1

Coun cil-Toole ............ 140,1 2 38 534 3 179.97 3 95

Half & Ha lf................. 9721 91 39 3781 71 126.63 8 65 I
Dixie Improved.......... 15661 11 35 548 2 189.071 2 95

College NO.l..................1 9181 101 37 340 10 115.43 11 65

Cook ................................1 864

I
38

328

11

110.60

13

6o

Modella ........................1 1200 1: 1 361 432 5 120.861 10 9o

Webber ............................. 810 12 32 259 15 112.52 121 60

8 Poulnot ............................ 1000

36 360 9 123.20 91 66

Dix-Afifi ........................1 1134 51 32 363 81150.40 51 95

'Lin t of all sh crt -s t a p le v a ri et ies va lue d a t 28 c t s , p er pou n d, L int of lon gstaplo va r ieties va lue d as foll ows : Express, 32 c ts . : Meade, 3 6 ct s. ; W eb be r , 36 ct s. ; a n d Dix-Af ifi , 34 cts. p er pou nd . Se ed of a ll va r ie t ies valued at $ 70 .0 0 p er ton.
F or sour ces of seed u sed in t h is t es t see pag e 3 7.

13

TABLE 5.-Results of variety test conducted during 1918 on fa r m of Parker & Ta it , Brunswic k, Glynn County, Georgia, showing t he rank in total seed cotton, lint, and va lue pe r a c r e, fo r t he twen tyone varieties in the test.

VA RIETY

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Dixie Improved ....................... 91 8 10 35 321 13 $110.77 11 5

Cook ................_-.-............................... 1404 1 38 534 1 17 9!.17 1 1

Lewis G3 .......................................... 1200 4 37 444 4 177. 24 [ 2

Kin g ...........---..................................... 891 11 34 30 3 15 105.4 2 11 G

Council- T o ole ........................... 1 242 3 38 472 3 159.11 \ '}

Toole ................................................ 1134 5 ' 38 431 5 145.G31 5

P etty-Toole ......._-........................ 13 50 2 38 51 3 2 172.93 ",)

Cle veland ....................................... 972 1 9 1 38 3G9 91 12 4.77 1 2

,121 1 Half & HalL.................................. 1080 GI 39

G 140,9 41 I)

Modella ..............1 1080 GI 3G 388
I
P oulno t ......................................... 1 02GI 8 1 3G 3G9

7 13 2.8GI 7 9 r 1 2G.31 1n

Dillo n -Hybr id ........................... 1 053 7 1 3G 379 81 129 .71 1 9

Bank Acco unt ........................... 1053 71 34 358 10 1 124.5G11 3

Co lleg e No. 1............................ 1053 7 1 37 327 1 12 1 113.47 114

A cala No .5

. 972 1 9 1 351 340 1111 1 30 .92 1 s

E x p r e ss

. 753 1 1 2 31 1 233 1GI 92.7 G11S

Dix-Afifi Webber J Iea cle

. fl72 1 9 32 1 811 14 1 128.8 7 11 0

141 . 7031

, 9. 32 1 225 1 1 71 ~{, ~{,'-), 1 1. ~

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" L tu t Qf nll sh m-t -stn p lo va ri e t ies val u ed at ~ 8 cis. p e r pOUJlIl. Li n t of Iou c s ta p le v ur iet ic s vu l u e d a s fo llow s : .:\ ca la X o. 5 , :~ :! cts. ; E xp r es s, :~~ ct a.: Di x -Afif i, a4 ct s. ; , Vph h C' r , :~(j c t s: a n d ) [('1\11(' :1 0 c t s , p C' r pou nd . S f'(~ (l of nil va ri e t ies val u ed at $ 70 .0 0 pe r t o u .
F or s orn-c e s o f s e ct! u s ed in thi s t es t s ec p n ~ l' 3 7 .

14

VARIETY TEST IN BURKE COUNTY.
This test was conducted in co -operation with Mr. E. E . Chance, Waynesboro, Geo rgia . The same nine-acre patch all his farm ha s been used for this purpose during t he la st three years. This land ha s bee n in cotton co nti nuo us ly for seve ral years, but it is in a good state of cultivatio n . The soil is a good sandy loa m with a clay subsoil, and it is more or les s infected with t he wilt disea se.
The land was well broken a nd harrowed in the winter, and ju st before planting time it was bedd ed out in four-foot rows. A liberal ap plicat ion of stable manure a nd 1000 pounds pe r acre of a 92-3 fertilizer was made in the dril l. On June 17th a nd J uly 3rd, 50 and 100 pounds pe r acr e, respectively, of nitrate of so da was ap plied. T he cult ivation was good a nd fr equent, con tinuin g until late in the
sea son. On April 10th the see d wa s plant ed in t he ordinary wa y
with the Gantt pla nter . The t est patch co ns isted of seventy-two r ows, ea ch of th e eigh teen va r ieties occupying tw o two- r ow plats, which were separated from ea ch other by seven t een plats or thirty-foul' rows, making one -half acre in each var iety. A goo d stand of a ll except one or tw o of t he varietie s r es ult ed, du e a llowance being made in th e r es ults fo r sta nd, and a t the pr op el' time the plants wer e thinned to ab out every eigh teen or twenty in ches in
th e drill. As a who le, t he season was rather favorable on th is t est,
and the cotto n did well ri gh t fr om t he begin ning, th e fir st blooms appearing on the 12th of J u ne, just two month s fr om the date of planting. T here was pract ica lly no loss hy insect in jury of any kind , but the wilt damaged some of the no n-resistant varieties pretty se vere ly. Of the eighteen va r ieties in this t est t he Dixie Im pr oved, Lewis 63, DeSoto , Cou nc il- Toole, and Dix-Afifi a re th e only ones t ha t are wilt r es istant, a ll of th e othe rs being more or less su sceptible t o t his dreaded disease.
Th e r esult s of this t es t , calc ulated on a n acre basis, are shown in detail in T abl e 6, in which t he r elative ear liness, yield, a nd mon ey value of t he eigh t ee n varieties can be readil y ascertained . It will be noted that th es e va lues represent the co mbine d yield of t he fir st two pick ings, instea d of th e to t al yield, a s has been customary ; because it is believed th at th is is a s fully as mu ch of the crop a s can be counted on u nder boll-w eevil co nditio ns, which are lik ely to exist in t h is s ecti on from n ow a ll.
This cotto n r eceived practi call y the same treatment in every r esp ect as t hat of the gen eral wages cro p on surrounding fields, a nd t he yield of fr om 1 2/5 to 2 3/20 bal es pel' acr e, for t he lowest-yielding a nd hig hest -yielding va rietie s, r especti vely, or t he tota l yield of 15 1/ 2 bal es on the
15

TAB,LE G.- Results or vari ety t est cond ucted du ri ng 1918 on fa r m of E. E. Chance, W ayn es boro, Bur ke Co unty, Geo rgi a , s how ing th e r a n k of seed cotton, li nt , a nd va lue per acr e at the f irst two pic kings, and in th e t ot a l se ed cotton and
=lin=t =pe=r =acre=, fo=r t h=e e=ig=hte=e n v=a._r=.i_e-=..t.i=e;-s=--=i-n=t h=e =test. = = = = = = = ===== = ===;== = = = = = =

Ha n!\: in see d co t to n, li nt , a nd va lu e a t fir st t wo p ickings, i ndi cating t h o oa r li n oss for boll -weev il co nd it ions

R an k in to t al see d cotton a nd li nt

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Cook's Improv ed

Cook 307-G

_.. ._

151 0 - 930 2440 4 159 0 850 2440 4

38 927 4 $312.51 4 37 903 G 306 .63 5

90 2550 5 18 0 262 0 4

9966991 44

'I'r i-Cook .

172 0 720 2440 4 37 90 3 G 306.63 5 190 2630 3 973 3

Mexican Dig Boll

I G7 0 550 222 0 9 34 755 10 262 .67 15 1802"100 8 81 6 10

Cle vla nd B ig Boll (Cha nce)

157 0 890 2460 :3 38 935 3 315.17 3 802540 6 965 5

~

'" Cleveland B ig Bo ll (Wannam aker) 17 20 890261 0 2 38 992 2 334 .39 2 '10 2650 2 100 7 2

Half &; H a lL

179 0 840 2630 1 :3 ~) 1026 1 34 3.42 1 1 30 27GO 1 1076 1

Kin g

1490 510 2000 14 34 6801 5 236 .G O 16 130 21301 5 724 13

Simpkins' Id eal

1360 500 1860 15 35 65117 224 .59 17 140 2000 16 700 14

Dix ie Improved

127 0 110 0 2370 5 35 830 7 286.30 8 110 2480 7 868 8

Lewis 63

1310 89 0 2200 11 37 814 8 276.43 12 160236 0 11 873 7

DeSot o _

_

1380 830 221 0 10 35 774 9 2G6.98 14 1302340 13 81 9 9

Coun cil-Too le

14 40 780 2220 9 38 844 6 284.48 10 120 234 0 13 889 6

Dix -An fi

1480 780 2260 8 32 72 311 2D 9.61 6 DO 2350 12 752 9

Acala No. 5

_

1460 580 20<10 113 35 71 413 269.8913 90 2130 15 7'16 10

\Vebher No. 49

1344 728 2072 112 :-\2 6G316 287.98 7 742146 14 687 1G

Dig Boll E xp res s lDxpr ess :3 50

_.._

:-n 1500 788 2288 7 31 70 9 14 282. 14 11 10023881 D 740 11
,_1_7_~_~--'-----f-):~::_2-'-2_:~_2_0--'----(--;---'-_--'--7_19--'1--2---'-_28_6 .-1-1--''-9--'--_ 4-4'-2-_36-4'--1_0 '----7--_3 3!..-1-2

*L in t of sh ort-s tap le varie ti es va lue d a t ~ 8 e t a. p er p OU I1(1. L int of Ion z- s t np lc varietie s va lued ns f ollo w s : D ix Afifit ~ 'l et s . ; Aca ln No.5 . :J2 ct s . : Web ber No . olU . :.H) c ts . , D. B . E :q H'CSS, :J ~ ct s . j a n d E xp re ~;:);j50, 3 ~ ets . po r p ou n d. S eed of a ll va ri e ties vulu cd a t $ 70.00 p l'.)" ton.

nine-a cre t est patch, is no t more per a cre than t hat obtained on the oth er ni nety a cre s in cotton on this wages farm, which, Mr . Chanc~ r eports, produced .181 bales, in cludin g t hat from the variety te~t patch . It might be w ell t o ment ion that a ll of the ca lcula tions for the t est we re ma de on an a cre ba sis, t hat is, fo r fifty-two four-foot ro ws, seven ty yards long , but a cres in t his community, as well a s in many others, are comm only k nown as "r unning a cres" or "task s," which consist of se venty r ow s, seventy yards long, of what ever width rows. Th e one h undred acres ju st referred to r epres ent t his many "tasks " or "run ning" acres , hut this do es not a lt er the sta t ement s mad e in t his co n nection a s to t he yield obt ained.
This t est has been a m arked success in a lmo st every r espect ea ch of the three ye ars t hat it has been conducted. Not a sin gle mi shap has OCCUlTed to vit ia t e t he resu lts, and all the con dit ions under whi ch it was con ducte d hav e been exc eptionally good during the whole of t he t hr ee-year peri od. It was planted abo ut t h e 10th of April ea ch year, an d all of the cotton wa s pick ed be fore fre ezing weather arrived. All of the work was don e und er the personal supervision of either the writer or lUI'. Chan ce, who , I mi ght men tion, has spared no effor t or expense to make these tests a s uccess in every respect. But t his do es not m ean that t his patch received mo re of Mr. Chance's a ttenti on th an t he other cotton in his gen eral wages crop, a s evideu ced by the yield obtai ned a nd alrea dy mentioned.
In Table 8 t he standing of all t he variet ies that have been included in t his t est for the t hree-ye ar peri od, a s t o the yield of seed cotton at the first two pick ings and total yield of seed cotton, is sho wn . T he a vera ge differen ce in m oney valu e between t hat of the highest-yielding a nd low est-yielding varieti es for the t hree-year period is abo ut $100 pel' a cre, which withi n it self indicat es t he impor tance of t aking ad va ntage of the r esults obtained in cond ucting t h ese t ests. In this work a great service is being rendered the fa r mers of the community, if they will only profit by wha t has been learn ed a s t o t he v arieties bes t su it ed to t his locality.
According to our present knowled ge of the beh avior of th ese va rieties, a s shown in th ese t est s, we feel t hat t he farmers of this conununity can not make a better selecti on th a n Cou ncil-To ole or Lewis 63 for la nd t ha t is' infec t ed with t he wilt, a nd Wa n na maker- Cleveland for the r emainder of t heir lan d, being sure, of course, t o get the pu r est seed possibl e of t hese varieti es . As a re sult of t he cotton testing and breedin g work that we h ave done in co- opera t ion with Mr . Chance on his farm, he will eliminate all va rieti es except the Wannamaker- Clevela nd a nd CouncilTool e th e coming se a son . For furt he r sugges ti ons a s t o th e varieti es to grow th e comin g sea son see pages 6 a nd 7.
17

TABLE 7.~Resu lt s of va r iet y te st conducted dur ing 1918 o n the Da v id Dic ks on Farm , B. F. Mor r is , Man ager, Culve rton , Ha ncock Cou nty , Geo rgia, s how ing th e r a nk of s eed cott on , lint, an d valu e per acre a t th e f irst two pi ck ing s , an d in
t he t ot a l s eed c otton a nd lint per a cre, for t he e ig hte e n va r iet ies in t he t es t .

R an k in s pe d co tto n , li n t. un d va lu e a t f i r xt t w o pi ck i ng's, in d icatin g' t he ea r lin e ss for h ol l-we e vil co nd it ion s

Rank in tntu l s ee d co t to n un d lint

V AR IETY

"I :0::: ..::: 0c.>'" "':!...; ", Do o"u''r':'

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- .0:: 0", c.> ,...
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000

s
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,;,

c

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:"3

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- :.::::
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0=",1 :'";;

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",0

es
-0

~

th ~

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-("5 I "";~;
Ec< Po:

Coo k's Impro ved

GIl D:~G \1 5 47 11

Coo k 307-G................. .... ........... .............................. (i8!> 81D 1 50 8 12

38 587 G $1!)7. !)G 10 37 558 !) 18!).4D 12

1 :~O llG 77 IG!) I G77

D !)

G37 G20

G 8

T'ri-Cook

780 DIOIIGDO 7 :i7 G25 5 212 .2 7 8 1G!) 185D 4 G88 4

Mexica n Big Bo ll

754 G :~ 7 1 3Dl IG 34 473 1 7 1G4.57 18 208 115!)!) 12 544 1 5

s:. i i c...o..

Clevela n d Big Bo ll (Xlorris)

7281001 11 729 G

~~l~e~~l~~} ~~.II..(.~~T:.l.ll.~1.~~1.1.1~~.I,.~.I:? ::: 1~:~ ~~~ ~~~

38 G57 4 22 1.21 5 78 1807 G
38 G72 3 ' 22G.52 4 78 18 4G 5 3D 7'15 1 24 D.4 1 2 I 104 \2015 2

G87 5 701 3 78GI 1

King

1001 455 14 5G 1 4 34 4D5 15 172 .2 3 IG 1 04 15GO 1'1 530 1G

Sim pk ins' Ideal

848 53 3 1 381 17 35 483 IG 1(jG .G 7 17 117 l A!> 8 15 524 17

Dixie Improved

585 88 '1 14 GD1 1 3 35 51'1 14 177.::l4 15 1!)5 IGG4 10 582 13

Lewi s G3

G7G 741 1417 115 37 523 1 3 177.73 14 234 1G51 11 Gll 10

D e S o to Cou ncil-T ool e Dix- Afifi
Acala No . 5

G50 % 2 IG1 2 D 832 10 5:~ 1885 2 7!l3 1001 117!)4 1 :~
1 741 832 1573 10

35 5G4 8 1 1 !> 5.GO 11

.) :18 71G 2

fl _) i> _

57 4 7

24 !) . G:~
2:n8G

1..,

35 551 111 212. 0 !> !)

I D5 1807 G

15G
no

204 1 19 24

1

1 3

14 3 lnG I 8

G32 7

7G71GGI

2 9

G01 11

Web ber No . 4!l........... ................. ................ .......... 37 7

Lone Star- J :12

1 8GS

D75 1352 18 7G7 IG25 8

1

33421

4553 ::~~1 1108

IDx ]1l'c s s- 350 :

10 01 754 1755 5 31 544 11 2

188.0 4 113 22 1 1573113 214 .48 1 7 104 172n 7 21G.4 G G D1 18 4G 5

503 18 588 12 57 2 14

* L i n t o f s h o r t-s t a p le vn riet ics : ~~ c t s . ; We bb er Xo . I n.

valued : ~ () cts .

at ~8 : B. B

cts, . .l-lx

p p

er re

p ou nd sx , : : ~

. c

Li t.a.:

nt o nnd

f

Ion g -s Ex prls

taple s- ;J;")O.

var a~

iet ies ct s .

va IH~ r

l u ed as p ound .

f oll ow s : Seed of

n i x-An f i , ;~ i cts. ; A CIl Ja No .5, a ll vu i-Ic t fus vn lu e d at $70.00 p er

ton ,

\

VARIET Y TEST IN HANCOCK COUNTY.
Thi s t est was conduct ed in co-operati on with Mr. B. F. )Iorris, Manager, David Dick son Farm, Cu lverton, Georala. The plat of land on this farm used for the purpose has been in cotto n sever al years conti nuous ly, and it is in only a mod er ate state of cultivation. The soil is a lightcolored sandy loam, with a clay subsoil.
Th e land was well brok en in t he winter, a nd sho rtly before pla nti ng time it wa s bed ded out in four-foot r ows. A licrht application of stable manure was made broadcast , a~cl 400 pounds per a cre of a 10-3-0 fertilizer wa s a pplied in t he drill. On July 8th, 300 pounds per a cr e of a mix ture consist ing of top-dresser and nitrate of soda wa s used as a side application. The cultivation was go od and as frequelit as th e weather permitted, continuin g un t il late in
the season.
On April 11th the seed was pla nted in the ordinary way with a Benton planter. T he test patch con sisted of seventy-two rows, each of the eighte en varieties occupying two two-row plats, which were separated from eac h ot h er by seventeen plats or t hirty-fo ur rows, making on e-thir teenth of a n acre in ea ch variety. A fa irly good sta nd for most of th e varieties resulted, proper a llowanc e for stand heing made in the tabulated resu lts, a nd at th e proper time th e plants were thinned to about every eighteen inches in
th e drill.
Th e season was rather fav orable with the exce ption of the dr y, hot sp ell in Aug ust, which damaged the cotton to som e extent ; and ther e was practically no loss for any of th e varieties as a r esu lt of ins ect and disease attacks. Thi s cotton r eceived practi call y the same t reatme nt in every respect, and the average yield on t he patch was a bout the sam e, a s th at of the ge neral crop of cotton grown on th e surro unding fields. Mr. Morris spared no effo r t or expense to make th e t est a success in every respect.
T he res ults of this test a r e given some what in det ail in Table 7, in whi ch the r ela tive ea rlin ess , yield, a nd money valu e of t he eighteen va rieties can be readily seen . The calculation s are made on an acre basis. The va lues, it will he not ed in th e table, represent the combine d yield of the first tw o pick ings, in stead of t he to tal yield ; because it is believed that th is is full y as mu ch of the crop as can be reasona bly co unted on under hall-weevil condit ions, wh ich are likely to exist in this section of the state fr om now on. Note the diff eren ce in values for th ese varieties, as shown in the table r eferred to. The av erage differnece in money value between that of th e high est-yieldin g a nd lowestyielding varieti es in this test for the t hree-year per iod is about $70 per acre.
19

TA B L E 8.-Summ a ry of re s u lt s of va r iet y t ests conducted o n th e
fa rms of E. E. Chance, W ay nesbo ro , Geo rg ia , and B. F. Morris Cul v erto n, Geo r gia , showing the r a nk in se e d co tt on at fi rst tw~ p ic king s and in t ota l s eed cotto n f or th e ye a rs 1916, 1917 and 1918.

Va r i o t~.. t est on f arm of E. E . Ch ance, W ay nes-
bor o, Ga.

II
I

Var ie ty tes t on f ar m
n . F . Mor r-is, c ot-

of

v ert on , Ga .

i

V AR IETY
-

R nnk in seed cot ton 1s t ~

R llnk in t o' tn l seed

IR ank in seed
cotton 1st 2

R ank in to' t nJ s eed

p i ck ing s

cot to n

I pickin g s

cotton

il il I

I

1:,1,,1191711 :>1"11:, 1,;11:'1

I

I
1:'1' 11:1JG1 1:11

1\'181191';11917 1:'1,
1-

::::::/ Cook 'S Impr oved...
Cook 307 -6 ..............-

12 4 ...... 14 5 1 4 11 1 4 9 8 4 ._--.- 10 4 ...... 3 12 ...... 3 9

Tri- Co ok ..................... ._--.. 4 4 ...... 3 o<) ...... 5 7 ...... 5 4

H alf & Half ............... .....- 1 1 ...... 2 1 ....-. 11 1 ...... 11 2

Clev ela nd B. B.

(Willia ms) ...--.... 5 Cleveland B. B.
("Wo od ) -........-...-.... ...... Clev eland B. B.
(Wan nam aker) ...... Cleve lan d B. B.

5 ...... 6 7 ...... 6 9 ...... " .... 11 ...... ...... 3 2 ._.... 4 2 ......

2 ...... 7 9 ...... ...... 1 4 ._....

2 .....
I
.....
:15

( Ch a n ce ) ............ ...... ...... 3 ...... ...... 6 --_... -_.... ...... ...... ...... ..... Cleveland B. B.

(Morris ) ........._-.... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... 6 ...... ...... 6

S a wyer ....................... ...... Mex . Bi g BolL........ ......

15
......

......
9

......
......

17
......

......
8

......
......

6
......

......
16

...... ......

6
......

.'-"
1?

Chri s to phel' ............... ...... 10 ...... ...... 13 ...... ...... 1 3 _..... ...... 1 2 ....-

'I'riumph ................_.. ...... ...... ...... ...._. ...... ...... 8 ...... ...... 8 ...... .....

J et er' s Big B oIL .__ ...... ...... - ' - ' " ...... ...... .-.... 5 ...... ...... 4 ...._. ..... Kin g ................................. ...._. 1 3 14 ...... 15 15 ...... 17 14 ...... 16 14

Simpkins' Id eal ._._.. .-.... J.i! 15 ...... 16 16 ...... 18 17 ...... 17 1o-

Ba n k Account...._... 7 ...... ...... 9 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... .....

P etwa y .............._.. -......... ...... 11 ..__.. ---... 12 ...... ...... 1 6 ..._.. ' .._' . 1 5 .....

Co u ncil-Toole ......... 2 2 9 2 1 13 3 10 2 o<) 9 1

L ewis 63 ................._.. 3 5 11 o<) 6 11 2 12 15 2 10 11

DeSoto ...-........-..._.._....... Dix ie I m proved ...... Mad ella ........................

8 6 10 145 9 ......

7 8 13 ...... 14 9 ...... 13 6
o 1 5 7 ...... 15 13 ...... 14 1 s ...... ...... ..-... .-...- ...... .....- ...... .....

'--S'I Dix-Afifi ..................... 6 7

5 9 12 7 8 3 6 7 3

Acal a N o . 5 ............... ...._. ...... 13 ...... ...... 15 .._... ...... 1 0 ...... ...... 8

7 L on e

Star -132 .........

......

......

...._.

......

......

..

~

_

.

_

......

......

8 ...... ......

---41 \Vebbe r No. 49.........
Expr ess ........................

...... 1 2 ...... ...... 1 4 ...... ...... 18 ...... ...... 1 3 9 _..... ,1 11 ...... 4 7 .. .. .. 5 6 .....

Bi g Boll E xpr ess ...

...... 7 ...... ...... 9 ......

, ...... ...... ...... .....

1 "-" '1 E x pr ess-3 50 ....__...... ...... ... ... G _.-... " " " 1 10 ...... ...... 5 ...... ...... 5

D et ail s o f r esult s on t he se te s t s for 1 91 G an d 1 91 7 ar e g ive n 1Il our bu ll oti n s 46 fi n d 50 .
F or sou r ces of see d u s ed in this t es t s ec p ag e 3 7.

20

Including this test, a variety test has been cond ucted on this farm for t he la st three seasons , a nd in Tab le 8 t he standing of the various varietie s that have been in clud ed in these tests during this period, as to seed cotton at the firs t two pickings a nd total see d cotton , is sho wn . T his test should be conducted at lea st another season in or der to determine the variety or va rieties best suite d to this locality, and in the mea ntime the su ggest ions offered on pa ges G and 7 a s to varieties t o grow next seas on should be followed by the fa rmer s of this commu nity.
VAR IETY TEST I N FLOY D COU NTY.
This test was cond uct ed in co-operation with the Martha Berry Schools, Mount Berry, Georgia. The plat of la nd on th e demonstration fa rm used for t his purpose was planted in oats, followed by COWI)ea s, in 1917. The soil is secondbottom sand a nd silt, with a ligh t colored subsoil, being fairly uniform in charact er and in a good state of culti-
vntion, The land was well brok en a nd harrowed in t he early
spring, and at the proper t ime it was laid off in four-foot rows. At planting ti me a n a pplication of 400 pound s pel' acre of a mixture of meal and a cid, on e to two, was made in the drill. The cultivation of t he crop was fa irly good and shallow, being continu ed, a s often as the weather permitted, until the latter part- of July.
On May 6th, which was a bout t wo weeks la te, the seed was planted in t he ordinary way with a modified Ga ntt plan ter. The t est pa tch con sisted of thirty ro ws , ea ch variety occupying three rows, whi ch wer e separated from each oth er by nine rows of t he other va rieties in the test, making one-fifth of an a cr e in each variety. A fa irly goo d stand for most of t he varieti es resul ted, propel' allowance for stand being made in the tabula ted res ults, a nd at the proper t ime t he plants were t hinn ed to abo ut twenty-four inches ap art in th e dril l.
Th e season was ra ther fa vorable except for t he h ot , dry weather in August, wh ich caused some sh edding. Th e boll weevil was not pr esen t, and diseases atta cked t he cro p very little. Ho wev er, t h e yield in this test is not so good as was expected, but it is doubtless fa irly represen ta t ive for thi s section of the state. The r esults a re at least comparable as to t he different varieti es in the test, which, after all, serv es the immediate purpose for which the test wa s con d uct ed.
Th e results of this te st are given some what in detail in T able 9, and a ll farmer s of this section of t h e state will do well to study t he m very carefully before deciding upon the variety or varieti es to plant the 'coming season. These data are calculated on an a cr e basis, and if one will exa m-
21

TABLE 9.-Results of variety test conducted du r ing 1918 on fa rm of
the Martha Berry Sc hools, Mou nt Berry, Floyd Cou nty, Georgia, showing the ran k in seed cotto n per ac re at the first two p ickings a nd in t he total seed cotton and value for the ten var ieties in the t est.

I R a nk in se ed co t to n I firs t t wo pi ck in g-s ,
i nd ica t in g ca r li ness
- ---- - -

Ra n k in to t a l se ed cotton an d value

VARIETY

~
~

::: :1)

E: roo c_ .tSll

g .... ~ '"

~= COl "01

::; ~
U0""S.

",,","
oA
m0o0o

." . o~ 0"
00 0

~o
Jj};

Coo k's Improved ... 285 450 735

I

~

~ .::

o~

" t-

~
~

]~

.." 0 0
-';":,8
~~
~g

1 <11 5 11 50

!;L -;;
;..;
-~;;
~

~:;;

I
I

..c.;.~::::::

.>;=:.:-::::-::

~ ~

2 38 1$147 .31 1

Mex ican Big Bo ll... 335 330 GG 5 4 580 12 45 134 14 7.21 ~

1

1

Clevela n d Big Boll

I

(W annamaker ) 140 315 455 9 535 990 G 38 126.7 7 7

College No . 1 ............ 315 360 G7 5 3430 110 5 537 138.88 3
s Kin g ...............-_..--............ 450 25 5 705 2 280 985 7 34 11G.55

Tric e ................__............... 425 220 64 5 G 310 955 834 11 3.05 10

Lone Star-1 32 ....__... 305 2G5 570 7 480 1050 334 138.4 91 4

Big Bo ll Expr ess...... 350 305 G55 5270 9.25 10 31 11 4.17 \ !) ' Vebber No . 49......... 180 280 460 8 490 950 9 32 132.05 G
l Dix-Afi fi ........................ 190 180 370 10 G4 5 101 5 432 134.Gfi 5

*L in t of sh or t-s ta p le v a ri eties va l ue d at 2 8 cts. p er p ou n d . L int of Ion c -s t npl o vnrict ies va lu ed a s f oll ow s : L on e Sta r 13 2 , 32 c ts . ; Bi go B oll E xpre s s, ~2 ct s . ; \ Veb b er N o. 4 0 , 3 6 ct s . : 1lI1l1 D ix-Afifi , 31 cts . p er p ou nd . Se ed of a ll v nr ie ti es va lue d a t $ 70 .00 p er t on .
F o r s ou rce s of sc orl u s ed in t h is t est SPO p age :17 .

ine the w h ole t a ble ca refu lly, they will be self-explanatory. The ea rlin es s, tota l y ield, a nd money value a re the m ain point s t o be considered.
T hi s is the first season t hat w e h a ve con d ucted a var iety t est in t h is section of the s tate, a n d this fact sho uld be born e in m ind w h en stu dying the r esults in the table a n d decid in g u pon a variety to plant. T he ultimate aim in t h is w ork is to determ in e t he var iet y or varieties best s uited t o t h e loca lity in whi ch t he t est is loca t ed, a n d in doing this it is u sua lly n ecessa r y t o run t h e t est throu gh a ser ies of a t lea s t t hr ee y ea r s . For r ecommendations a s t o the vari eti es to g row t h e' coming s ea son see s uggesti on s off er ed on pages G a n d 7.
VARIETY TEST I N HABERSHAM COUNTY.
This t est was co nd ucte d in co -o per a ti on w ith lUI'. W . B. H un t er, Cornelia, Georgia. T h e plat of land on h is fa rm u sed for t h e purpose is on a r ather poor a n d undeveloped

22'

hillside, which was in COl'll a nd pea s in 1917. The soil is reddish clay loam, being fai rly unifor m in ch a ract er a nd typical for this county.
The land was welI broken and harrowed in the early. spring, a nd just before planting time a n a pplication at the rate of 500 pounds per acre of a mixture of meal a nd a cid was made in the drill. The cultiva tion was good a nd shal10" " bein g continued, as often as the weather permitted, until th e latter part of July.
On April 23rd the see d was planted in the ordinary way with a Gantt pla nte r. The test patch con sisted of on e ro w a n ac re lon g in each of the four varieties t ested, making one-seventiet h of an a cr e in ea ch va riety. A fa irly good sta nd of alI t he varieti es r esulted, proper a llowance for sta nd bein g made in t he tabulate d r esults, a nd at the pro per tim e the plants wer e thinned to abou t every eighteen in ch es
in the drill.
Th e seas on was rather favorable with the except ion of a hot, dry spell in Aug us t, whi ch retarded growth and cause d som e shedding of fruit. Disea ses a ttacked this cotton very little, and insect s did practi cally no da ma ge to it. However , the yield in t his t est is very low a s com pare d

TA BL E 10.--<Results of variety test conducted during 1918 on fa r m of W. B. Hunter, Cor ne lia , Habersham County, Georgia, showing the rank in seed cotton per acre at t he flrat r two p ickings and in the total seed cotto n and value per acre for the four varieties in the test.

VARIE T Y

I Ha n k i n seed co tto n f ir s t t w o p ick in g s , i n d icati n g ea r li ness

Ran k in total s eed cotto n and va luo

~~
o t) ~~
-::: . :o ,; ~ o
00 0

I

B
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,, 0
u: Z

I .

' ~ ~ I ~ ~~~

:.l ~ ...
1 00 ;':: ':0-

~

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'vc": ~~
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King

/ 4:20 / ] 05! h25! 31 00/ 5251 31 341$G2.2 31 3

CI~~~T~~~~~l~i/l~)

(j141 834/ 2801

2 18/ G32 1 21 381 80.92

2

Acala No. 5......... 315 \140 1 455 1 4 00\ 4.55 \ 41 351 G1. 24 4

B. B. Expr ess ...1 4:)0, 4201 ni o 1 18 028 1 31 114 .5GI 1

I

1

1

I 1 I

II

I

I

... L in t of K i ng a n d Cle ve lu ud va lu ed at 28 ct s. p er p ound . L in t of .:\ca la No .5 a n d 13.13. E x p re ss v alued a t 3 ~ et s . per poun d. Seed of a ll vurI c t ics v alued at $ 70 .00 p er t on .
P a r sou rc es of seed u sed in th is t est s ec p age ~ 7.

23

wit h t hat of the main cr op on t his farm th is season, but it is do ubtless r eprese nta tive for this section, wh ere the a vera ge yield is very low.
The r esult s of t his t est are giv en more in detail in Table 10, where the r elati ve earliness , yield, and money value of t hese fou l' variet ies ca n be seen at a glance. The ca lculatio ns are made on a n acre b asi s, Accord ing t o t his t est it is ea sy to see that the Big Doll Ex pres s stands first in a ll r espects, but the test will hav e to be con duc te d through a series of a t least three years before t he se point s can he definitely det ermined by the a verages obtained.
Mr . Hunter , on wh ose farm this test was co nd uct ed, t hinks that the Big Boll E xpress will equa l in lint producti on a nd exceed in amount of see d cotto n and seed any ot her variety that ca n be grown in th is loca lity, and a ccor ding to the results he has obtained ill- growing t his va riety for th e past t wo sea sons, his cla ims seem fully justified. It certainly is a n early a nd produc ti ve variety, a nd the lint produced will bring a prem ium, if it is properly ca red for in the harvesting and ginning proces ses. For r ecommendations as t o the va rieties t o grow the coming season see suggestion s offered on pages 6 and 7.
VARIETY T EST I N F U L T ON COUNTY.
This test has been cond ucted duri ng 1917 a nd 1918 in co-op er a tion with Mr. H . C. Ba gley, At la nta , Georgia . It was locat ed bot h yea rs on the same pla t of la nd on h is Sawt ell Farm, about five mil es south of the city. The la nd used for the pu rpose h a d been past ured a nd in a lfalfa for a number of years . T he soil is cecil clay loa m, being fairly uniform and level in charact er , and is very r ich in humus as a result of its r ecent usa ge.
Each year the land was well br ok en and harrowed in th e early spring, and just before planting t ime it wa s la id off in four-f oot rows. In 1917, 600 pounds pel' acre of a "blood and bone" guano, and in 1918, 600 pou nds pel' a cre of an 8-2-2 fertilizer was ap plied in t he dr ill. The cultivatio n durin g hath seasons was fairly go od, being cont inued, about as ofte n as the wea t h er per mitted, until th e midd le of August in 1917 and the la tter par t of J uly in 1918.
On May 12th, 1917, and on Apr il 17th, 1918, the seed was planted in the or dina ry way with a Covingt on planter. Ea ch year t he test patch con sisted of one hundred an d forty-t wo rows, each of the s eventy-one va rieties in t h e t est occup ying t wo r ows , which were sepa rated fr om each
other by seventy row s at the other varie t ies in t he test ,
making 1/ 26 of an acre in ea ch va riet y. A good stand of most of t he va rieti es resulted both years, a nd du e all owa n ce for sta nd was made in the res ults . At the proper
( Contin ued on p age 28.)
24

TABL E 11.- Resul t s of va ri e t y test cond uct ed d u ri ng 1918 o n farm of H. C. Bag le y, At la nta , Fulton Co unty , Georg ia , sh owing the rank
in seed cotton a nd lint per acre at th e f irst two pi ckin gs , a nd in t he t ot a l seed cot t on a nd lint pe r acre.

-

R an k in seed co tto n a n d li n t R a nk i n t ot ul seed

at first two p icking-so indi-

cot ton and

e a ti n g oa r l in oss

lint

VA RIETY

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~:~~Ce~~~. B...(~V;~;;~;::::I1 C'ooookk's30I7m6pr.o..v...e.d.............

650 1118 1768 14 38 494 1014 1508 24 37

662 9 558 24

7541252214 1"958 1 494 2002 28 741 25

414 768 1182 43 37 437 42 441 1623 44 501 58

689 1017 1706 17 38 648 14 630 2336 11 888 5

Cleve!. B. B. (Woo d) ..... 839 962 1801 11 38 684 6 466 2267 15 861 !J

oicvot. B. B. (Wa nna.) . , 825 906 1731 16 38 658 12 59912330 13 885 7

Christoph er ........__........ 964 850 1814 10 35 635116 51812332 12 816 14
Tri umph -_.............-........ 716 494 1210 40 35 42414<1 247 1457 50 510 57

Sunbea m ......................_- 838 782 1620 20 36 583 21 481 2101 24 756 23

p ouln ot ...........__._--......... 650 1131 1781 13 37 659 11 347 2128 23 787 19

College No. 1................ 858 754 1612 21 37 596 18 416 2028 27 750 2-1

?l1exlean Big BolL. ..... 858 832 1690 18 34 575 23 442 2132 22 725 29

Truitt's Big BolL. ....... 754 936 1690118 34 575 23 364 2D54 26 698 35 Simpkins' Big BolL.... 702 884 1586 22 34 539 27 364 1950 30 663 41)

Heavy Fruiter .............. 1066 910 1976 6 34 672 8 546 2522 4 857 10

:'t1eadows.......................... 1196 1170 2366 1 34 804 1 312 2678 1 911 3

Utopia ....................-....... 624 1170 1794 12 34 610 17 . 56812362 9 803 16

Hooper .......................... 910 1196 2106 3 ' 34 716 5 494 2600 2 884 S

Williams ........................ 546 884 1430 28 35 500 33 546 1976 29 693 36

Sa wyer .......................... 1144 806 195!) 7 37 722 3 468 2418 7 895 5

Ezy Muny ............__ _........ 858 1118 1976 6 3,1 672 8 468 2444 6 831 11

Culpepper .................... 676 884 1560 23 34 530 29 468 2028 27 690 37

Hal f & H a lf .................. 598 910 1508 24 39 588 20 62.1 12132 22 831 11

Brown's No. 2................ 650 702 1352 30 36 487 35 650 2002 28 721 31

Mone y Mak er .............. 312 988 1300 32 37 481 38 598 1898 31 602 48

Dongola .......................... 416 1014 1430 28 34 486 36 442 1872 32 636 43

Peterkin ..............._........ 338 1014 1352 30 37 500 33 598 1950 30 722 30

Uprig ht .......................... 520 Mat ehl ess ...................... 1014

884 1404 29 36 988 2002 5 36

505 32 721 4

390 1794 361 646 42 494 2496 5 899 4

WllIet's Id ea l ................ 780 988 1768 14 37 654 13 364 2132 22 789 18

WiIlet's P erfecti on .... 286 988 1274 34 37 471 39 728 2002 28 741 25

Gar ri son ........................ 269 912 1181 44 37 437 42 646 1827 34 676 38

Petway .......................... 676 884 1560 23 34 530 29 598 2158 21 735 26

Hlt e's Ea r ly P ro lific__ 312 1040 1352130 36 487 35 676 2028 27 730 27

5Lock Toole ................ 156 832 988 50 37 366 51 650 1638 43 606 46

I

..

Contin ued on next page

25

TAB,LE 11 (Co nt in ued ) .-Variety test conducted during 1918 on far m of H. C. Bagley, Atlanta, Fulton County, "Ge or g ia , showing t he rank in seed cotton and lint per acre at the first two pickings, and in the total seed cotton and li nt per ac re.

R un k in se ed co tton a n d li nt
a t firs t t w o pi cking s . in d io ea ti ng ear-liness

Ra n k in to ta l seed co t t on and lint

VARIETY
Council -T oole ....-.-.......
Di xie Impr ov ed ............ L e wi s 63..........................

25
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I I 364 1040 04' 29 38\ 534 28 67612080 25 790 17

260 988 1248 36 35 437 42 93612184 1201 764 21

442 1040 1482 26 37 548 26 728 2210 18 818 13

DeSo to ............................ 416 1040 1456 27 35 509 31 59812054 26 719 32

:Mod ella .............-............ Ban k Acco unt ..............

156 780

884 1040 48 36 962 1742 /15 34

1
374 491 806 11846 33 / 665 39 557 25 494 2236 17 726 28

Si mp k in s ' Id eal ............ 1170 King ..................__............ 884

806 1976 6 34 1
910 1794 /12 34

6721 8 610 17

390 2366 8 468 2262116

804 15 769 20

B r oa dwell ' s D. J ........... 936 910 1846 9 35 646 15 442 2288 14 700 34

T r ice .............................. 1170 832 2002 1 5 34 681 7 234 2236 17 760 2" T ipl er ............................ 598 1014 1612 21 34 548 26 520 2132 122 725 29

M o rr -is ............................ 520 1170 1690 18 35 592 19 650 2340 10 819 12

90DDY ........__.._----._--_...__. 1066 962 2028 4 36 730 2 520 2548 3 917 2 E xpress ............__.....__..... 442 1014 1456 27 30 437 42 702 2158 21 647 41

E xpress -350 .....-............ 1222 910 2132 2 31 661 10 416 2548 3 790 17

Bi g B oll Express.......... 962 910 11 872 8 31 580 22 546 12418 7 750 24

Ma gn o li a E x pre ss ...... D'ix-Mi fi ._- ..................... H artsvill e No. 12.......... W e lJl.J e r No . 49.............. Keen an-Good s on ..........

780

85811638 /19 30

491 34
1

390 12028 27

608 15

572 1040 1612 121 32 5161301 596 2208 19 707 1 3 .~

286 910 1196 42 31 371 50 ! 572 1768 37 ! 548 52

1

~~~ I :~ 598 858 1456127 32
182 676 858 52 30

312 117681371 566 51 624 11482 49 445 62

K ee n an .......-..--..-........... 390 702 1092 46 30 328152 728 1820 35 546 53

K e en a n" 'ha ley .......... 264 821 10851-17 30 326 53 503 1588 45 1 476 60

A ca l a No . 5....................
All en ... ......._- .....__....-...-..

501 383

713 1214 391:J5 715 1098145129

425 143 318 54

346 1560 47 546 D- .~)
1
451 1549 48 604 47

Co lumbi a .. --....__............ 447 796 124 3 137131 385 47 345 1158 8 45 492 59 D uran go ......_--_..__.......... 394 504 898 51 33 296 55 529 1427 52 471 61

S un flo we r ...................... 581 689 1270135 32 396 46 371 1641 42 525 55

Ext ra Ea rly L . S......... 502 715 1217 38 31 377 48 503 \1720 40 533 51 Fus t.er- Lzf) ................ ...... 670 533 1203 41 .uJu? 397 15 373 1576 46 520 56

L on e Star ..._----.............. 641 698 1339 31 36 482 37 401 1740 39 626 H 1
L on e S ta rI:J2 .............. 774 72"4 1498 25 34 509 31 266 1764 38 600 49

Kekc h i ..............__............ 509 780 1289 3a 34 438 41 427 171 6141 583 50
Mead e ..........-................. 390 624 1014 49 28 / 284 56 416 1430 51 400 6")
I ..

23

TABLE 12.- Variety t es t co nduct ed duri ng 1917 o n f arm of H. C.

B,agle y, Atl a nta , Fulton Co un ty , Georg ia , s how in g the ra nk in seed

cotton pe r acre a t the f irs t p icki ng.

-
YARIETY

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1364 8 Bank Account .-......._-..._--_.. 416 7
CCooookk's30I7m-6pr..o..v..e..d...................... 312 10 Sim pk ins ' Id eal ..__...__....... 572 4

T ri-Cook ..............................--.. 364 8 W illet's Id e al ...... .... .......-.. 364 8

Cle ve la n d B. B. (W'm s) .... 312 10 Willet's P e r fe cti on .......... 156 15

Cleveland B . B. (Wood) ...... 260 11 Broad we ll 's D. J . ---......... 468 6

Cleveland B. B. (W a n na .) 312' 10 P e tway .-.........._----.-........... .. 572 4

Ch r is top her ---_...._-_..._..--------_.- 156 15 Tipler ............ ...................... 312 10

H ea v y Fruiter ............__..._...___ 156 15 Mead ow s ............_--....._-_..... 468 s

Sunbeam ..__.......__................... 208 13 H oop er .-... .__........ _-.... ........-. 468 6 poulnot ..-_...__....._-_...---_............ 208 13 Morris .-.........._---.......__......... 416 7

Coll e ge No . 1...,...........__._____._.. 46 8 6 Mon e y Ma k e r " .........-......._. 156 15

~fexican Bi g Bo ll.................... 416 7 Ezy Mun y ............................ 312 10
Truitt's Bi g son.........._.__...... 364 8 90-Day .................._.._............ 573 3

Brown's Big Bo ll........_.__.__.__.. 364 8 H it e' s E arly P r olific........ 312 10

Triumph .................................. 468 6 Expr es s .-..--------..........._--...... 234 12 Simpk in s ' Big Bo ll _____..______._. 468 6 Exp r e ss -350 ..__ .._._-------........ 676 1

Culpep pe r .............................- 260 11 Bi g Boll E x p re ss .............. 624 2

Br own 's No. 2._...................... 416 7 Ma gn otia E xpress ............ 416 7

Dongola ..............._....-...... .... ._- 182 14 Dix-Afi fi .-..--......... .__..... _...... 104 16

Peterki n ..__..1182 14 I H artsville xo. 12__.._.........../ 78 17 I Ga rrison ...._............................. 156 15 \ Ve bb e r No. 49___...........___... , 364 8

_----_ 1 I ~fatchl ess ......._..... _..--._-_.._- -_._-- 416 7 K een an -Goo ds on

76 18

~~::~:~~-\,;i~~;~-;::::::::::::::::I Uprigh t .................................... 338 9
Willia m s ............-_.................. 208 13

I 7:Z 19
78 I 17

I Sawyer .........................._........ . 520 5 Alle n .........___ ____ __......___ .._______ 104 16

I H alf & H a IL............._............ 364 8 Colu m bia ........___....... _......... / 364 8

I Uto pia .... .. _- - -1 104 16 Duran go ...._-- -- -----___1 260 11
Dixi e Imp roved .... _................- 260 11 Su n flow e r 208 --- _________ .. _..... 1 13

I Counc il-T oo le .........._............. 312 10 I A ca la No . 5.........._...___......... 1 416 7

5l.Jock Toole .......... .....--._-_..._- 260 11 I Extra Ear ly L. S ..I 156 15

I Lew is 63 ..................................
De Soto ....................................

312 260

1110

F ost er-120 .._.._-_..__----1312 1o Lon e Star -_...._-----.... 1416 \ I

"f od ell a

.............._...... _--........ .-..

156

15

1
'I

K el{chi

__-__--_.._1208 I1"

Kin g ........ 1676 1 1:

II

27

stage of growth in 1!H7 and 1!H8 the plants wer e thinned

t o an average of t hirty inc hes and eigh tee n inches, r espec-

tively, in the drill.

On a ccount of t he dry weather during the spring of 1917

t he test cotton was not pla nt ed un til nearly a month lat e.

It ca me up and bega n growing very slowly for this same

reason. A good crop of fr uit wa s put on late in t he sum-

mer, but a n early fr eeze, Octo ber 25t h, seri ou sly da m-

aged a ll t he bolls except a few which had just been picked,

rendering it im possible t o obta in further r esults on the yield

for this season. The test was planted ab out t he right ti me

in 1918, a nd the season was rather favorab le, with th e ex-

ception of un seasonable weathe r in t he spring and cool

nights in mid summer, which caused it to frui t ver y poorly.

However, a good la t e cro p was made, and frost damaged

only a sm a ll percentage of the bolls. This cotton ma de

excellent growth both yea rs, mainly on a ccoun t of t he fer-

tility of th e soil, and there wa s pra ctically no dama ge to

it either year by ins ects and diseases. E verything pos sibl e

was done t o make the test a success in every r espect.

The st a nding of the va rious va rieties, as to ea rliness,

yield, etc., is shown in detail in Tables 11 an d 12, wh ich

should be exa mine d very closely. The yield is calculated

on an acre basis. Addition a l data a nd othe r inter esti ng

in formation re la tive to these varieties are given in Table

13, a close s t udy Qf which will familiarize on e with a ll of

these va rietie s, which, I might mention, is one of t he ma in

purp os e's we have ha d in view in conduc ti ng this extensi ve

test.

'

It is al so interesti ng to note the results of observations

made on t he character of blooms ap pearing on m ost of th e

early va r ieties in the t es t . The number of plants having

blooms characteristic of the King va riety were r ecorded on

consecutive days du rin g a seve n-day period in September,

1917. The blooms of t he King variety, as mo st fa rmer s

have obse rve d, have a da rk red or purp lish spot on the in-

side and neal' the base of ea ch petal. T