Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly [1946-1948]

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IHE AGMS SCOTT

ALUMNAE OUAHTEHLY

J-

A. G N E S IRVINE SCOTT

AUTUMN 1946

'our hearts shall enshrine thee'

YOUR NEXT ALUMNAE QUARTERLY

It's a long time till spring before the frost is even on the pumpkin! But the Publica-
tions Committee is already at work planning the spring number of the Quarterly
which is to be an interpretation of the meaning of modern developments in architec-
ture, ballet, literature, music and painting. The winter issue is a victim of steep in-
creases in printing costs. The committee felt that you would prefer one less issue to
a change in the size and type of the magazine.

Officers, Staff, Committee Chairmen and Trustees of the Alumnae Association

Ei.iza King Paschall, 1938
President

Lola Smith Westcott, 1919

First J ice-President

Margahlt Ridley, 1933
Second Vice-President

Elizabeth Flake Cole, 1923
Recording Secretary

Betty Medlock, 1942
Treasurer

Margaret McDow MacDougall, 1924
Alumnae Trustee

Frances Winship Walters, Inst.
Alumnae Trustee

Elizabeth Winn Wilson, 1934
Constitution and By-Laws

Jean Chalmers Smith, 1938
Newspaper Publicity

Lita Goss. 1936
Publications

Hattie Lee West Candler, Inst.
House Decorations

Nelle Scott Earthman Molton, 1938
Second Floor

Lucile Dennison Wells, 1937
Tearoom

Charlotte E. Hunter, 1929
Grounds

Letitia Rockmoke Lange, 1933
Alumnae Week End

Alice McDonald Richardson, 1929
Entertainment

Staff

Alumnae Secretary
Mary Jane King, 1937

Alumnae Fund Director
Eugenia Symms, 1936

Editor oj the Quarterly
Mary Jane Kinc, 1937

Office Assistant
Emily Hicgins, 1945

Tearoom Manager
Betty Hayes

Publications Committee
Lita Goss, 1936
Jane Guthrie Rhodes, 1938
Elizabeth Stevenson, 1941

YOUR ALUMNAE FUND operates on a fiscal year that be:;ins july 1 and ends june 30. a gift of any amount entitles

YOU TO MEMBERSHIP FROM THE DATE OF YOUR CIFT TO THE FOLLOWING JUNE 30. CONTRIBUTIONS MADE IN JULY GIVE YOU A FULL YEAIi's
MEMBERSHIP IN YOUR ASSOCIATION.

Published .lour times a year (November, February, April and July) by the Alumnae Association of Agnes Scott College at Decatur,
Georgia. Contributors to the Alumnae Fund receive the magazine. Yearly subscription, $1.00. Single coi>ies, 25 cents. Entered as
second-class matter at the Post Office of Decatur, Georgia, under Act of August 24, 1912.

MEMBER AMERICAN ALUMNI COUNCIL

The Agnes Scott Alumnae Quarterly

Agnes Scott College, Decatur, Georgia Vol. 25, No. 1

"Our hearts shall enshrine thee" Autumn 1946

CAMPUS CARROUSEL 2

AGNES IRVINE SCOTT

Hortense Jones Kelley . 5

WHAT MAKES A "GOOD" COLLEGE?

Eliza King Paschall 10

THE ELEMENTS OF DISTINCTION

Janef Preston 11

COLONEL GEORGE WASHINGTON SCOTT

Jane Taylor White 17

IN THE AGNES SCOTT TRADITION

Louise McKinney 20

ANNUAL GIFTS AND COLLEGE PROGRESS

J. R. McCain 24

OF THE CLASSES 1893-1926

Lucile Dennison Wells 25

THE GOOD OLD DAYS

Jane Guthrie Rhodes 28

THE CHRONICLE OF OUR LIBERATION

Jaroslava Putterlikova 33

ALUMNAE HERE AND THERE 38

AT OUR HOUSE 40

CLUB NEWS 42

GRANDDAUGHTERS CLUB 44

THE TRUSTEES OF AGNES SCOTT COLLEGE 45

ANNUAL REPORTS 49

CLASS NEWS 54

COLLEGE CALENDAR 68

CAMPUS CARROUSEL

THE TIE THAT BINDS

In an age that speaks and would be spoken to
in hieroglyphics, some are searching for the
common denominators that would unite men in
a mutual understanding. Common ties produce
islands of peace and understanding which can
be enlarged to merge with other islands. The
Agnes Scott family with its nucleus of adminis-
tration, faculty and students on the campus and
its trustees and alumnae abroad is such an is-
land. There are many ties that bind us together
common memories and traditions, a common
ideal, a common language. In this Quarterly
we have tried to bring you contact with some of
the members of the family whom some others
may not know well enough. For a few minutes
of fascinating reminiscence with Agnes Irvine
Scott of childhood in County Down, Ireland and
an arduous journey across the Atlantic in the
first quarter of the last century read Hortense
Jones Kelley's article. If you wish to know who
the trustees of the college are, turn to page 45.
You want to know how some alumnae spend
their time? Then see what Lucile Dennison

Wells has found in the scrapbooks at the Alum-
nae House. Read about the occupation years and
liberation of a village in Czechoslovakia as de-
scribed by an alumna. Take a trip back into the
"good old days" with Jane Guthrie Rhodes, with
Miss McKinney and Jane Taylor White. Let
Janef Preston revive for you the inspiration of
the kind of personality in the minds of the
founders and which our two presidents, the
trustees and the faculties through the years have
sought to produce from the thousands of students
who have registered at Agnes Scott.

The preparation of this issue has been like a
treasure hunt and we hope that we have been
able to communicate to you some of our excited
pride. We wish that you could pore over the
old scrapbooks, commencement invitations, pic-
tures and souvenirs of the past here on the cam-
pus yourself, that you could talk to those here
who recall so happily the beginnings of Agnes
Scott fifty-eight years ago. As you will see, this
issue is not a history of the college nor does it
include all of the traditions or all of the people

who have helped to make Agnes Scott. But we
hope that it has some of the elements that make
memory dear. We are indebted to Dr. McCain,
Miss McKinney, Miss Edna Ruth Hanley, librar-
ian, Emma Pope Moss Dieckmann '13 and
many others for assistance in securing informa-
tion.

NATIONAL CONVENTION

Your Alumnae Secretary and Alumnae Fund
Director along with approximately 300 others
representing college alumni attended the 31st
annual convention of the American Alumni
Council held at Amherst, Mass. July 10-13. It
was good to exchange woes with people who un-
derstand how hard it is to keep up with thousands
of alumnae who move with the seasons. It was
good to feel the enthusiasm of men and women
who think education is the most important single
thing. The exhibit of alumni magazines made
us proud of the announcement of a first place
award for the second consecutive year in typo-
graphy for the Agnes Scott Quarterly. The mem-
bership and fund records, the club activities
and organization of classes reported by other
colleges let us see a lot of room for improvement
in our own work. Dr. Francis J. Brown of the
American Council on Education urged college
alumni to help secure constructive legislation
affecting education. He warned of the tremend-
ous effects of the G. I. Bill of Rights and its
provisions for education of veterans on the col-
leges, pointing out that half a million veterans
would be turned away from colleges this fall for
lack of facilities. The increase of 50% in en-
rollment in colleges this year is expected to make
serious changes in the curricula of the colleges
involved. Housing, securing books and equip-

ment and overloading of the faculty are some of
the specific problems. William G. Avirett, Edu-
cation Editor of the Neiv York Herald Tribune,
called for a renewal of emphasis on the Ameri-
can concept of unlimited opportunity. His hope
is to see America support higher education for
the many and not merely for the few. He men-
tioned the possibility in the minds of some educa-
tors of a University of the United States with
48 branches and an Educator-General at its
head with a post on the Cabinet. General Dwight
D. Eisenhower was present at one session to
receive an award as "the outstanding alumnus
of the year." Eisenhower called upon the grad-
uates of American colleges to furnish the leader-
ship for an attack on the fears and selfish inter-
ests that divide the world into areas of antagon-
ism. Pointing out that fear had united the "big
three" to win the war, he insisted that a motive
more compelling than fear must be found to
unite the nations to win the peace that has be-
come imperative. The keynote of the convention
was the need for united leadership from Amer-
ica's college alumni, and all of the "shop talk"
was consideration of ways and means of accom-
plishing that unity most effectively and most
quickly. Our trip to New England enabled us to
visit Amherst, Smith, Mt. Holyoke, Vassar,
Wellesley and Dartmouth colleges in search of
new ideas.

EDUCATION NOTES

Agnes Scott as one of the colleges in the Uni-
versity Center of Atlanta will cooperate in
a five-year program to "vitalize instruction"
with 32 other colleges and universities in the
South for which the Carnegie Foundation has
given $900,000. Each college is to receive

mu

$4,000 and to add $1,000 from its own funds
annually for the program. Dr. McCain, presi-
dent of Agnes Scott, and Mr. George Winship,
chairman of the trustees, speaking to different
groups this fall, explained Agnes Scott's posi-
tion with relation to the problems of veterans'
education. Our enrollment has been kept down
to approximately the same number enrolled for
the past twenty years to insure that the quality
of the education offered will not suffer. It seems
important that a liberal arts college for women
students, such as Agnes Scott, maintain a stand-
ard of performance at a time when values will
be shifting rapidly.

Colonel Blake Van Leer, president of Georgia
Tech, represented the Southeast at the first meet-
ing of the U. S. National Committee on Educa-
tional, Scientific and Cultural Cooperation held
in Washington, D. C. September 23-26. This
committee of 100 members will choose the
American delegates to UNESCO which meets
in Paris November 19.

The Federal Security Agency now includes
the Social Security Administration, the U. S.
Office of Education, U. S. Public Health Service
and the Office of Special Services. John W.
Studebaker continues as Commissioner of Edu-
cation under this reorganization.

The 1940 census revealed that 10 million out
of 74 million adults in the U. S. are "function-
ally illiterate," that is, have completed less than

five years of school. About 3 million of these
are negroes. The Carnegie Corporation has
made a $23,910 grant to enable the U. S. Office
of Education to organize a one-year attack on
functional illiteracy among negro adults. Initial
conference on the project was held at Hampton
Institute August 12-September 14.

The Three R's will have a new accent this
year as 74 teachers in the public schools of the
U. S. exchange places with 74 teachers of Great
Britain for one year. Americans were chosen
from several hundred applicants, the British
from 1700. Southern towns that will have a
British teacher are Raleigh, Charlotte and Gas-
tonia, N. C, Greenville, S. C, Nashville, Tenn.,
Dunedin and Pensacola, Fla., Baltimore, Md.,
Newport News, Va., Orange, Texas, Birming-
ham, Ala. and Ashland, Ky.

In Georgia the state salary scale for teachers
has been increased 50% for the first four
months of this term. Census figures show that
67 ] /2% of the adult population of the state
have never attended high school, 301/2% are
functionally illiterate, and only 8% have had
one or more years of college. The state per
pupil expenditure in 1944 was $56.84 a year or
18( a day. In 1930 the annual expenditure
was $32.

A statement from the American Council on
Education: "General education should be the
common denominator of educated persons as
individuals and as citizens in a free society."

A sketch based on the life of the Irish-American
woman for whom our college was named

AGNES IRVINE SCOTT

Hortense Jones Kelley '38

In a parlor of Main Building hangs a portrait of Agnes Irvine Scott. It was
painted after her death from a photograph made when she ivas quite old. Mrs.
Scott died in 1877. She was buried in a little cemetery overlooking the beauti-
ful valley of the Juniata River, near the village which for sixty-one years had
been her home.

Mrs. Scott looked critically at the photograph.
It was good, she told herself. It was really quite
good.

She had been dubious about this picture-tak-
ing, but the children had insisted. And in the
end she had gone willingly enough through the
ritual of posing for the young photographer.
As he darted from side to side adjusting lights,
squinting expertly at her through first one eye,
then the other, she had concentrated on following
his crisp instructions.

For one past 70 it is no mean feat to shift
equably from right to left, cross the knees, raise
the right shoulder, lift the chin a bit, and look
into the camera, please all in the space of a
few seconds. But she had managed it.

When the young man, satisfied at last, had set
off his horrid-smelling explosive (out of consid-
eration for his feelings, his subject had refrained
from wrinkling her nose) and had departed with
his bulky paraphernalia, Mrs. Scott was sur-

prised to find that she was not at all tired from
the experience. Ignoring the family's sugges-
tions that she go upstairs for a nice nap, she
called briskly for a cup of tea strong tea.

Then sitting erect, as always in her favor-
ite ladder-backed chair, she looked down the
sun-and-shade checkered street into Alexandria.
The town was as familiar to her as the face of
an old friend. From her parlor window she
often took imaginary walks, deciding each time
what stops she should make along the way
here to ask about a son who had moved to Phila-
delphia, there to commiserate with a rheumatic
back.

But however the route varied, the destination
was always the same: the Juniata. Mrs. Scott
knew every mood of the shining little river that
murmured its way through the peaceful valley
where she had lived all her adult life. She
loved its ever whispering voice carefree or
querulous, blatant or crooning. She never stood
on its banks without reminding herself that the

water chattering past her feet soon would swirl
into the Susquehanna, later to empty into the
troubled Atlantic, and eventually who knows?
curl around the northern tip of Ireland and
roll softly up on the sands of Carlingford Bay
in County Down, where she was born. Ireland
beautiful, desecrated, splendid, prostrate Ire-
land.

But on the day when she sat for her photo-
graph, Mrs. Scott did no imaginary promenad-
ing. This picture-taking had strangely excited
her. She wondered what the wrinkle-snouted
camera had seen with its unblinking eye.
Nonsense! Of course it had seen nothing. It
had merely reflected an upside-down (distressing
thought!) image of elderly Mrs. Agnes Scott,
her grey hair tucked neatly into a white frilled
cap, a plain black shawl about her shoulders,
an amethyst brooch at her throat; Mrs. Agnes
Scott, widow of the well-known boot manufac-
turer John Scott, step-mother of five, mother of
seven, grandmother and great-grandmother of
how many now? And the other Agneses, the
earlier Agneses the matron, the bride, the girl,
the child would not appear in the photograph.
They were all gone; gone down some darkling
corridor, and unseen doors had softly closed
behind them.

"You're a foolish old woman," Mrs. Scott
assured herself fiercely. Nevertheless, it would
be nice to have photographs of those other
Agneses.

First there was a barefoot child, skipping
down a green-bordered Irish road. Behind her
kindly Uncle James Irvine walked with dig-
nity beside his trim, dull-red cart. The little
wagon was filled with new-cut turf which they
were taking to school, as Agnes' share of fuel
for the winter.

On one side of the road loomed the mountains
of Mourne, their somber beauty brightened only
by occasional splashes of purple heather. To
the north, the intensely green pasturelands oJ
County Down stretched away in the distance to
ward Lough Neagh. Sturdy white farm cot
tages and bright banks of furze twinkled frorr
the emerald hills. The wind was wet and fra
grant.

Life with Uncle James in Newry, where Agnes
had lived after her father's death, was vei)
pleasant. Of course she missed her mother anc
sister, but it was nice not to be poor any more
Uncle James was not at all poor. This smal
Agnes was quite happy. Very few children hac
their turf brought to school in a fine cart.

Then there was Agnes at 16 chubby, grave
eyed, subject to giggles. She was at a desk, he:
head on one side, absorbed in writing on th<
fly-leaf of a battered arithmetic. When tin
pen had scraped laboriously through the las
line, she sat up and read over her work witl
evident satisfaction. It was a very clever verse
she had copied it from a girl from Belfast:

Do not steal this book for fear of shame,

For under lies the owner's name.

The first is A, a letter bright;

The next is I in all men's sight;

And if her name you chance to miss,

Look underneath, and there it is.

Agnes Irvine, Novbr. 16th, 1815.

The Agnes who had sailed for America ii
March, 1816, had carried that arithmetic amonj
her small treasures. Clutching the knobby par
eel, she stood on the dock at Warren's Point
saying goodbye to Ireland. And Ireland, lik
a beautiful, scorned woman, had put on he
most dazzling finery for the occasion. The five

ile drive from Newry had been incredibly
very: the light new green of March spread
eath-takingly over tree and bank; above, a
1 like a blue-and-white checked apron; the
rly sun spilling splendor everywhere with
lpartial carelessness. Goodbye, goodbye. Per-
ips she should have accepted Uncle James' in-
tation to stay in Newry, but when Mother,
isanna and James Stewart had decided on the
ove, thoughts of America rose like a rich,
ead tide in Agnes, and she could not stay.

So they stood at last on the busy, sun-lit dock
id felt in themselves a sick reluctance to board
e waiting ship. Uncle James spoke, his voice
uff with emotion: "Now, Mary Stitt, if things
rex there be not to your liking, mind you come
raight home again."

"We'll not be coming back, James," Mother
iswered firmly.

Ireland had been less than generous to Mary
vine Stitt. She had been twice widowed. Her
nsbands, William Irvine and Edward Stitt.
ere small farmers. They had worked desper-
tely to wrest a living from the grudging, rock-
rewn soil they tilled. But Ireland had beaten
tern; the near-starvation diet, the lack of even
le meanest comforts, die bone-cold winters, the
et, raw winds of Ireland had beaten them. And
ot without further heartbreak: a daughter, Mary
rvine, and an infant son, Jonathon Stitt, lay
eside their fathers in the Ballykeel burying
round. Life in America could be no harder;
: ought, if reports were a fraction true, to prove

deal happier. Mary Stitt turned purposefully
ward the gangplank, and the young people
ollowed.

The 36-day voyage was compounded of dis-
omfort and horror: stale air in crowded quar-
srs, wretched food, and always, night and day,

the restless noises of the ship. Sixteen-year-old
Agnes thought that white-breasted sailing ves-
sels should glide silently, effortlessly over calm
waters. The little ship quickly disillusioned her:
sail groaned and whined from creaking mast
and beam, querulous winds buffeted the thresh-
ing waves, decks rang with rhythmic, indistin-
guishable cries of the seamen, the passengers
talked, talked, talked and eventually quar-
reled.

Poor Mother was immediately and intensely
seasick. Susanna, too, sickened, and wept in the
arms of her young husband. Agnes and James
nursed the two of them as carefully as possible,
but Susanna grew steadily worse. Almost before
they had time to become alarmed, she lapsed
into fevered delirium, her cheeks flaming, her
eyes bright and blank and suddenly she was
dead.

The blow left them dazed, shattered with grief
and horror. Dear, gay, affectionate Susanna
it was incredible; it was monstrous.

They buried her at sea. And even then the
noisy little ship, the sibilant water, the garrulous
waves kept up their clamoring, were never de-
cently still. Standing on deck between Mother
and James, dry-eyed at last, Agnes could not
hear any of the brief service the captain read.
His halting words were snatched away by the
greedy winds and lost among the jeering waves.
But the sharp, wet swish of the coffin striking
the water oh, she heard that. She would hear
it till she died.

After Susanna's death, Mother was never sea-
sick again. She sat silent and unapproachable,
wrapped in her grief. But she had made her
peace with death. The sorrow in her eyes
stopped short of despair; her faith was intact.

For the rest of the voyage the days were all

alike. The little ship rocked along its saucer
of ocean, caught in the golden wheel of the sun
which came up behind them every morning,
rolled across the sky and slid flaming into the
sea ahead. For Agnes the bright spectacle held
only misery and bitterness. Often she turned
on her mother with outbursts of rebellion and
heartsick frenzy. Mary Stitt invariably an-
swered with a passage of Scripture always the
same passage:

Trust in the Lord with all thine heart and
lean not unto thine own understanding. In
all thy ivays acknowledge Him and He shall
direct thy paths.

Years later Agnes wrote the verses in the front
of her Bible.

When the waddling ship nosed into harbor
at Philadelphia, the old zest and excitement, the
heady America-fever, rose thick and dizzying
inside Agnes. She could hardly wait to get her
feet on this lusty, generous land this brash,
boimtiful America. Her ocean-surfeited eyes
swept joyfully over the bustling, colorful city,
its gay, cluttered shops and bright houses inter-
spersed with the rich, dazzling green of grass
and trees.

But the 200-mile stagecoach trip to Alexan-
dria was a sore trial. The coach was a cumber-
some affair little more than an open wagon.
Its four wooden benches seated 12 passengers
in acute discomfort. It wheeled down the rutted
roads and lurched around curves with bone-
jarring abandon. Even so they could cover only
40 miles a day.

Agnes listened with interest to the nasal, delib-
erate talk of the Yankees; talk of President
Madison, of taxes, and the Whigs; talk of the
new-fangled steam boat, which was interesting

enough but would, of course, never replace sail
and good strong wind ; talk of business in Phila-
delphia of textiles, shipbuilding, iron, glass,
fisheries, paper mills ("think of it, man, 53
paper mills in Philadelphia alone; the world has
gone paper crazy!").

The city was evidently a lively produce mar-
ket, for the coach passed numbers of wagons
loaded with fine crisp vegetables and fruits,
headed toward Philadelphia. Young Agnes was
more interested in the people driving the wagons
than in the produce. How well-dressed they
were; how well-fed they looked! She thought
of the thin, hollow-cheeked faces of Ireland, of
the spindly, white legs and wide, hungry eyes
of the children of Ireland. Suddenly she was
wretchedly homesick.

In other ways the stagecoach trip was far from
pleasant. There were the curtains of unsavory
leather which could be used to close in the high
open sides, shutting riders in a breathless un-
natural twilight. The alternative was to brave
the occasional rains or the choking dust without
protection. Passengers disputed the matter
gravely.

Agnes' second best bonnet and shawl were
soon discolored and crumpled. The thick green
foliage bordering the road began to appear too
lush, too rich. Agnes thought longingly of the
cool bleakness of the mountains of Mourne. She
missed her friends in Ballykeel and Newry. And
really it had become quite painful to sit down.
She cried more than once before they reached
Alexandria and the fine Irish welcome given
them by Mary Stitt's relatives, who had previ-
ously settled there.

Mrs. Scott was frankly reminiscing. She had
entirely forgotten picture-taking in re-tasting the
flavor of her momentous trip. She smiled to think

8

f 16-year-old Agnes, weeping for her home in
reland, unaware of the happiness this new
juntry, this America, big and open-hearted as
11 outdoors, would hold for her.

Which brought her to John. Mrs. Scott never
lought of her husband without feeling a warm
ish of wonder and gratitude that they had found
ich other, of pride in the good thing they had
iade of their love.

She had loved him immediately his lean
ankee-Irish face, alive with intelligence and
liet humor; his gentle hands with their stubby,
)mpetent fingers; the good, leathery smell of
im. She remembered how he quickened with
ithusiasm over any shining new machine, how
; strode up and down the room talking urgently
f American industrial expansion, of something
t called mass production and of the abundance

would bring to the world's little people. Oh,
)hn, John . . . impossible to believe he had
3en dead almost 25 years.

He had been a good man a quality, Mrs.
:ott reflected tartly, which seemed to be con-
dered somewhat unfashionable today. He had
ten a good husband and father, a good church-
an and citizen. The men of the district had
:cognized his quality, for they elected him to
e Pennsylvania legislature and later sent him
l to Congress. Mother had not been at all sur-
rised. "I knew he'd be a good congressman,"
te said contentedly, "he makes excellent boots!"

Mrs. Scott smiled again. Yes, they had been
ctremely happy. The years had ripened be-
/een them as naturally and sweetly as the
lining apples that grew each summer in the
uth pasture.

And the children our children; our daugh-
rs, our sons: Susan and Mary; John, James,
llliam, George, Alfred Mrs. Scott named

them over lovingly. She had worked hard at
being a good mother. Though often close to
helpless laughter or baffled tears, she had strug-
gled to wear a serene face, to be loving but not
indulgent. With no foolishness allowed, each
child had got a thorough knowledge of the
Shorter Catechism and a good purgative every
spring and fall.

Mrs. Scott chuckled. Seriously, though, she
thought she had given her children a strong,
intimate love of God. The Deity was no distant,
nebulous Being to Mrs. Scott; they had long been
on closest terms. She could and did call on
Him to lend a hand when the cook quit with
company on the way and two babies in bed with
croup.

No gathering at little Hartslog Church was
complete without Agnes and John Scott and
their family. The church was rich in memories
for Mrs. Scott. She had attended it regularly
since that first Sunday when she and Mother
had presented their letters from the church at
Kilkeel. She remembered the children sitting
properly in their pew, the girls dainty in perky
hair ribbons and sashes, the boys shining widi
the damp, excruciating cleanliness of small boys
on a Sunday morning.

The years had been full and happy. Agnes
sang as her foot pulsed on the spinning wheel
treadle, as she folded sun-dried linens, as she
drew light, pungent bread from the oven, as she
ladled up steaming vegetables and meat. Yes,
she had been happy.

She had, then, no right to grudge grief his day.
When John died in 1850, the light went entirely
out of her life for a time. The death of her
mother four years later left her doubly desolate.
She fought her rebellious heart, desperately re-
continued on page 16

Eliza King Paschall '38, President of the Agnes Scott Alumnae Association

WHAT MAKES A "GOOD" COLLEGE?

Is it the faculty? The students?- The alum-
nae? The endowment? The physical plant?
We all glibly say that this or that college and
Agnes Scott among them is "good," but on
what do we base our judgment?

I suppose that it all depends on your point of
view. To the general public, the college prob-
ably stands primarily on the record of its alum-
nae. More people know Agnes Scott by the
works that we do, the attitudes we foster, the
responsibilities that we assume than will ever
know it through first or secondhand experience.
To the public we are the end product, the raison
d'etre, of the college, and to the degree to which
we conduct ourselves with intelligence and in-
tegrity, Agnes Scott is judged "a good college."

Probably to the faculty and administration
also, the record of the alumnae is a large factor
in judging the institution, for after all, we are
the proving ground for their efforts and accom-
plishments.

The alumnae of any college, however, form
a unique group, for we and we alone are in a
position to judge an Agnes Scott education on
the basis of actual experience. Others can base
their conclusions on sound principles, but they
still remain in the realm of theory. We alone
can say, "Agnes Scott did or did not prepare
me for the life I have led; it prepared me in

this field but fell short in that one."

Truly the hope of the world lies in education.
Experience has battered us to the point of ad-
mitting that fact, but by the very admission, we
recognize that it is not a matter to be left en-
tirely to "the educators." It is too far-reaching
and too basic a factor to be delegated to any
one group, no matter how skilled and how well-
meaning. It devolves upon us as products ol
an educational institution, to return more thar
just loyalty or even money to that institution,
We may have suggestions which are not feasible,
We may have criticisms which are not sound
But only by bringing them to the attention ol
the college can they ever be properly considered
You may say that you don't know much aboul
the college any more. Most of us cannot keep ir
close personal contact with the campus, but the
Publications Committee of the Alumnae Asso-
ciation, through the Quarterly, has been doing
a remarkable job of interpreting Agnes Scot!
as it is today, and contacts with other alumnae
and students increase our perspective. However
no matter how far or how near we have been te
Decatur, the fact remains that a large part oi
our mind and soul is the product of Agnes Scott,
Let us represent her to the best of our ability,
And let us give back to her of our experience sc
that others might benefit by it.

10

rHE ELEMENTS OF DISTINCTION

SOME IMPLICATIONS OF THE AGNES SCOTT IDEAL

Janef Newman Preston '21

'.N A moving incident of Shadows on the Rock
Willa. Cather tells of a young girl's realization of
ler heritage. After her mother's death Cecile
Vuclair kept house for her father as her mother
lad taught her to do, and like her she made a
>eautiful French home in the Canadian wilder-
less. But not until she shared for a few days the
iqualid life of a backwoods family did she fully
inderstand what had been entrusted to her:
'something so precious, so intangible, a feeling
tbout life" that had come down through the cen-
uries and that had been brought "across the
vastes of brutal, obliterating ocean the sense
f 'our way.' " At home again Cecile looked at
ler shining copper kettles, her brooms and
)rushes, and in an ecstasy of comprehension she
iaw them as means to an end. With them one
nade a "climate within a climate; one made the
lays, the complexion, the special flavor, the
ipecial happiness of each day as it passed; one
nade life."

Surely, we, too, receive from the past
hrough our family, our country, our college
deals that help us make from all material things
ind from all circumstances "a climate within a
limate" to make life itself. But so hidden
ind intangible is the inner reality by which we

shape the outer that, although we feel its presence
and its power, our realization of its meaning is
fragmentary or long delayed. We hardly know
how we have become ourselves. We cannot un-
weave the intricate strands of our being and
tell what compulsion here or persuasion there
wrought confusion or design. Though we are
creatures of a various growth, few of us would
understate the importance of our college in giv-
ing direction to all our powers of being. We
know that we have been enriched, but only
gradually do we comprehend and appropriate
the ideal of living that Agnes Scott has endeav-
ored to make effective in us and, through us, in
the world.

In manifold ways we become aware of this
ideal. We need only turn the pages of early
catalogues to perceive what kind of education
the founders of the college considered of first
importance, what kind of person they wanted the
Agnes Scott graduate to be. They did not dream
of training chemists or retail buyers. They
thought simply of providing the richest possible
opportunity for acquiring understanding and
for developing Christian character. They thought
in terms of human beings whose awakened minds
and dedicated spirits would make them effective

II

Miss Nannette Hopkins,
first teacher and first
dean of Agnes Scott

for good in the world.

Since, as they conceived it, the purpose of
education was to develop a quality of life, only
the best education could be countenanced. There
is no compromise in President Gaines's insistence
that the college must have "a liberal curriculum,
fully abreast of the best institutions in this
country; a high standard of scholarship; thor-
oughly qualified and consecrated teachers; the
Bible as a textbook; all the influences of the
college conducive to the formation and develop-
ment of Christian character." And there is
grandeur in the ideal crowning all others: "the
glory of God the chief end of all." This high
purpose has inspired President McCain as with
vision and resourcefulness he has brought a
young college to maturity. We are grateful to
all those who made allegiance to standards a
part of our intellectual heritage and who estab-
lished as "our way" the tradition of Christian
liberal education with its emphasis on the en-
richment of life.

This enrichment is by nature subtle and in-
definable, involving as it does the reason and
the imagination, the will and the emotions.
Many excitements and disciplines contribute to
it. Only rarely is the Agnes Scott ideal of bal-
anced development expressed in words. It is
constantly being expressed in daily living. Each
college generation has given it original and con-
crete interpretation and has worked ardently to
widen the opportunities for its fulfillment. The
honorary award of the Hopkins Jewel is made
each year to the senior who most nearly meas-
ures up to our beloved first dean's conception of
well-rounded development :

High intellectual attainment, simple reli-
gious faith, physical well being, charm of
personality poise, dignity, simplicity,
frankness, good taste.
Only one senior receives this award, but she
is representative of the many genuinely inte-
grated persons who embody the power and
beauty of the ideal. We each think of the spirit
of our college as we have known it in unforget-
table people. Their insight has illumined us;
their joy in intellectual adventure has communi-
cated itself to us ; their sympathy with all things
human has enlarged our spirits; their faith in
the divine has strengthened our own. They have
the poise and simplicity of those whom large
interests make self-forgetful. Such people lift
our aspirations toward fulfillment.

Our need of resources for living in this our
troubled time compels us to evaluate anew what-
ever ideals we have inherited. To think again, as
imaginatively as possible, of the conception of
balanced and integrated personality the ideal
of our college and of all truly liberal and
Christian education may help us to clarify for

12

ourselves its elements of distinction. This phrase
I borrow from Walter Pater, who suggests that
higher education can communicate to us the
power to recognize "the elements of distinction"
in everyday living and to dwell in them so stead-
fastly that they become our real life and the
mere debris of our days "comes to be as though
it were not."

One kind of life that we desire is a growing
life of the mind. That is the first implication for
us in the ideal of being whole human beings.
It means that all our lives we go on reading and
thinking, as creatively as we can; that our in-
tellectual and imaginative development, presum-
ably begun in college, is a continuing adventure,
which neither age nor lethargy, distracting busy-
ness nor the ills that flesh is heir to, shall utterly
prevail against. It means trying to gain an ever
deepening understanding of "the areas of human
knowledge essential to true wisdom." Whenever,
late or early, we awaken to our need of this true
wisdom, we seek knowledge and understanding
with a new urgency. They are as necessary to
us as sun and air. Feeling this need Keats wrote
to a friend:

/ know nothing / have read nothing /

mean to folloiv Solomon s directions, "Get

knowledge, get understanding." . . . I find

there is no worthy pursuit but the idea of

doing some good for the ivorld . . . there is

but one way for me. The road lies through

application, study, and thought.

Does not our road, too, lie there if we are to see

our personal experience in right proportion and

to take an intelligent and creative part in the

general life? How else shall we help to uproot

racial antagonism wherever it appears or to raise

the standards of education in our public schools?

How help to alleviate the condition of the home-
less peoples of the earth or to make our own
homes "a climate within a climate" for the
nurture of happiness and the durable qualities
of character?

Furthermore, the comfort and delight of in-
tellectual interests can leaven the whole of life.
From the seventeenth century we hear Lady Ann
Clifford (doubtless a lady perfectly trained to
entertain her lord's guests and able if need be to
achieve the "gracious preparation" of his food) :
// / had not excellent Chaucer s book here
to comfort me, I were in a pitiable case,
having as many troubles as I have here,
but when I read in that, I scorn and make
light of them all, and a little part of that
beauteous spirit infuses itself in me.
And we hear Dorothy Wordsworth saying, in
exquisite unconsciousness of any conflict be-
tween domestic competence and the joy of read-
ing:

Worked hard and read Midsummer Night's
Dream . . . bound carpets, mended old
clothes, read Timon of Athens . . . dried
linen . . . We spent the morning in the or-
chard reading The Epithalamion of Spenser
. . . we sowed the scarlet beans . . . read
Henry V ... A sunshiny morning / walked
to the top of the hill and sat under the wall
facing the sun . . . I read a scene or two of
As You Like It. Read parts of The Knight's
Tale with exquisite delight.
These women, with a zest for intellectual pleas-
ure, knew at least one way of dealing with the
debris of their days.

Henry James once spoke of being captivated
by a young cousin's "dancing flame of thought,"
and of certain delightful cultivated women as

13

having "intellectual grace . . . moral spontane-
ity." What woman would not like to have this
truest kind of charm? Surely some attractive-
ness of personality a certain social maturity
is implied in the very ideal of a cultivated per-
son. We may smile at the standard of perfec-
tion as well as at the eloquent language of a
seventeenth century eulogy of an accomplished
woman, but surely it makes us uneasy about
our own limitations. Lady Ellen was said to
have "fulfilled all the duties of Humanity"; not
only was her heart warm, her character virtu-
ous:

. . . her Sense ivas strong, her Judgement
accurate, her Wit engaging and her Taste
refined, while the Elegance of her form,
the Graces of her Manner and her Natural
Propriety of word and action made her
virtues doubly attractive.
This is an ideal of staggering completeness. "Oh!
certainly," cries a voice from Pride and Preju-
dice, "no one can be really esteemed accom-
plished, who does not surpass what is usually
met with." Indeed.

But, we think, a really cultivated woman has,
as a by-product of education, a developed
social sense. Now whatever else this phrase of
rich and varied connotation brings to mind,
surely it must suggest having good manners.
And whether they are a fairy's gift at our cradle

or a hard part of our training, we probably
agree that good manners are important. They
reveal the measure of the educated heart, for
at best what are they but an outward sign of
imaginative and sensitive regard for others?
They are indispensable to the art of living. This
art requires of us, of course, familiarity with
social usage and a thoughtful attitude toward
changing social standards. It requires of us
growth in all the qualities necessary for associat-
ing pleasantly with others on all levels of expe-
rience. What these qualities are must be a pri-
vate discovery for each of us in the tension-spots
of home and school, office and committee. Ger-
ard Manley Hopkins's description of attractive
people as those

whom beauty bright

In mold or mind or what else makes rare
has a lovely inclusiveness: it evokes all named
and nameless graces of captivating personality.

Physical well-being, observed or experienced,
speaks for itself as an element of distinction.
In no other sphere of living is an enlightened
attitude more rewarding. We have hardly begun
to understand the oneness of our being, though
both medical science and philosophy teach this
unity and our own partly examined experience
confirms it. We have new knowledge of the
power of emotional disturbance to put the body
out of gear, but recognition of our interrelated-

The summer house in the days when it was a spring house in
front of Main Building and a strategic place from which to
watch an exciting game of croquet on the front lawn

14

ness as creatures of flesh and spirit is as old as
man's wisdom. Plato pointed out the peril of
"using the soul without the body and the body
without the soul," and an ancient Hebrew writer
voiced the familiar truth that "a merry heart
doeth good like a medicine." The modern physi-
cian seeks to release his patient from the bond-
age of anxiety and bitterness; great religion has
always sought to free man from himself. We
need always a fresh realization of die interde-
pendence of mind, body, and spirit if we are to
attain the balance that allows us to use all our
powers.

Balance now is hard to find and hold. We
reel under the big events, the big words. We do
not know how to face the new epoch or even the
new year. But the future, so massive and mys-
terious in our consciousness, comes to us day
by single day, each with a morning and an eve-
ning, a beginning and an end. Only against the
day must we match our strength. And each day
belongs to us by right of a great and simple
power, our power to act in it and so affect its
quality. In this present little instant, so wholly
ours, we can open our minds and hearts to
"Beauty old yet ever new, eternal voice and in-
ward word," and we can be obedient to the
authority that speaks through the plain task to
be done.

No heaven can come to us unless our hearts

find rest in it Today. Take Heaven! No

peace lies in the future that is not hidden in

this present little instant. Take Peace!

So in 1516 wrote an old monk to a young friend.

In this attitude there is wisdom and saving grace.

Here for body and soul is a way of well-being.

It is the essence of religion, for the religious

view of experience rescues our fleeting moments

from the abyss of nothingness. It transfigures
with meaning our Present Tense. And this
transfiguration is our deepest need, our dearest
longing. In W. H. Auden's For the Time Being,
a poem that gives a memorable interpretation of
this theme, one of the Wise Men explains bis
response to the summons of the Nativity:

With envy, terror, rage, regret,

We anticipate or remember but never are.

To discover how to be living now

Is the reason 1 follow this star.

Another one suggests the secret of finding this
new life when he says,

To discover how to be loving now
Is the reason I follow this star.

Indeed, the Christian conception of God as Love
incarnate and redemptive throws the light of the
Eternal Way on our human one.

For no strange land nor unimaginable time is
the vision reserved; it is the transforming miracle
and our Here and Now. Of this truth Francis
Thompson sings:

ivorld invisible, we view thee,
O world intangible, we touch thee,
world unknowable, ive know thee,
Inapprehensible, ive clutch thee!

Not where the wheeling systems darken
And our benumbed conceiving soars!
The drift of pinions, would ive hearken,
Beats at our own clay-shuttered doors.

"We are two-fold creatures . . . dwellers in
time yet capable of eternity," writes a great re-
ligious teacher, "and we are not happy ... we
are not fully alive until our life has an inside
as well as an outside."

15

This ideal of being fully alive is our heritage.
We best translate and transmit it by trying to
embody it. And so, perhaps, we can help, in
an age of turmoil and inhumanity, to keep un-
silenced the voice of Mankind's supplication:

teach me to outgrow my madness:
Ruffle the perfect manners of the frozen heart,
And once again compel it to be awkward and

alive,
To all it suffered once a weeping witness.

Clear from the head the masses of impressive

rubbish;
Rally the lost and trembling forces of the will,
Gather them up and let them loose upon the

earth,
Till they construct at last a human justice,
The contribution of our star, within the shadow
Of which uplifting, loving, and constraining

power
All other reasons may rejoice and operate.

Acknowledgements :

For the concluding poem by W. H. Auden I am indebted to Elizabeth Drew and
John L. Sweeney, New Directions in Poetry; lor the excerpt from Dorothy Words-
worth's Journals, to John Livingston Lowes, Of Reading Books; for Henry James'
remarks, to F. 0. Matthiessen, Henry James, The Major Phase; for the Lady Ann
Clifford passage, to Elizabeth Drew, Discovering Poetry; for the eulogy of a seven-
teenth century lady, to Mary Ellen Chase, This England.

J. P.

AGNES IRVINE SCOTT continued from page 9
peating to herself, " lean not to thine own un-
derstanding " And in time she had won.

Mrs. Scott sighed. Suddenly she was tired
and cold. Perhaps, after all, a nap. . . She
stood up cautiously, but not cautiously enough
to fool the sly, jabbing catch in her back.

The following week she seldom thought of
the courteous young photographer and his cum-
bersome box. Yet when he had brought the
finished picture and she held it in her hands,
she felt the excitement stir in her again.

The old woman in the photograph looked at
Mrs. Scott with firm serenity. The soft folds of

the white cap framed a broad forehead and
level blue-grey eyes. It had always been a satis-
factory face a bit too thin of mouth and square
of jaw for beauty, but it had served very well.
It was a good picture, Mrs. Scott told herself.
They were all there all the Agneses. Suddenly
she moved over to the desk, dipped a pen and
wrote carefully on the bottom of the composition-
paper frame. Chuckling, she quoted softly to
herself, "For under lies the author's name." In
a round, surprisingly firm script she had writ-
ten: Agnes Irvine Scott.

16

CDLDNEL GEORGE WASHINGTON SCOTT

"HOW CONSTANT, HOW THOUGHTFUL AND HOW DELICATE IS
COLONEL SCOTT'S KINDNESS TO THE AGNES SCOTT FOLK, AND
HOW RARELY BEAUTIFUL IS THE LIFE AND CHARACTER WE HAVE
HAD GLIMPSES OF FROM TIME TO TIME . . ."

From the first Agnes Scott annual published by the students
of Agnes Scott Institute in 1897 and called The Aurora.

Jane Taylor White '42

[n the spring of 1890, while the opening session
if the Decatur Female Seminary was being held
in a small rented building, Colonel George
Washington Scott invited his pastor into his par-
lor and said: "Mr. Gaines, the Lord has greatly
prospered me in my business and I don't want it
:o harden my heart. I have decided to give
140,000 to provide a home for our school."

If nothing were known of Colonel Scott but
Jiese words left to us by Dr. Gaines, we should
lave sufficient insight into his character to make
is proud that he was the founder of Agnes Scott
College. He was a man of business ability and
jf rare spiritual gifts.

But we know, too, that with typical dispatch,
Holonel Scott headed North to inspect the coun-
:ry's finest school buildings. On his return, he
must have said to Dr. Gaines, "I cannot provide
he kind of home I desire for the sum I originally
Droposed to give. Here are my architect's plans
for the building I want." Colonel Scott person-
ally supervised the construction, and the total
;ost was $112,250, a tremendous sum of money
tor that day.

The present Main Building was erected on a
ridge selected by Colonel Scott several years
earlier while he was riding on horseback through
the Decatur countryside. It was a beautiful and
romantic spot one of the divides between the
Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. The
water on the front of the new building drained
away toward the Atlantic and on the rear, to-
ward the Gulf.

At that time, it was the finest educational
building in Georgia, regarded as a model of
architecture and of modern improvements. It
was lighted with electricity from its own plant,
heated by steam, had hot and cold water, and
sanitary plumbing. These comforts were so
rare, it is said that the people of Decatur used
to come out at night to marvel at the brightly
lighted windows.

The Board of Trustees took the necessary
steps to have the name of the school changed
from the Decatur Female Seminary to Agnes
Scott Institute, in honor of the mother of its
benefactor.

Mrs. Scott, who was Agnes Irvine, was born

17

in Ballykeel, County Down, Ireland. She came
with her mother to America at the age of 16,
and was married to Mr. John Scott of Alexan-
dria, Pennsylvania, five years later. George
Washington Scott was born the fourth child of
these Irish Presbyterian parents on February
22nd, 1829, and appropriately named for the
"father of his country."

"There is a God who rules and reigns in the
Armies of heaven, and who doeth His will among
the inhabitants of the earth," was one of Mrs.
Scott's typical utterances of faith to her children.
Her strong influence upon his life led Colonel
Scott to the conviction that, in the Christian edu-
cation of women, of the future wives and moth-
ers, lay the most promising method of building
a godly generation.

George W. Scott was not of robust health while
a boy in Pennsylvania. He was troubled with his
throat, so that in 1850 he decided to try the
milder climate of the South. He came to Decatur
and to Atlanta, and his diary records that the
latter was "the most stirring place for the size"
that he had ever seen. He "saw between two and
three hundred wagons in the town, principally
all hauling cotton."

With true pioneer spirit, Colonel Scott con-
tinued South. And in the course of the next thirty
years, the founder of Agnes Scott College made
three separate fortunes, married his childhood
sweetheart, became a military hero, and ran for
governor of the state of Florida.

In Tallahassee he engaged in the mercantile
business, but lost his fortune as a result of the
war. He achieved great success in a cotton fac-
torage and commission business in Savannah,
but was cheated by his partner out of most of
the proceeds. Fleeing the severe yellow fever
epidemic of 1876 in Savannah, he came to At-
lanta. Beginning without a dollar of capital, he
rapidly built his third fortune in the manufac-
ture and sale of commercial fertilizers.

A few years after his journey South, Colonel
Scott married his childhood sweetheart, Miss
Rebekah Bucher of Pennsylvania. They reared
one son and four daughters. It is said that when
Mrs. Scott died after a brief illness in 1899, her
devoted husband, then in feeble health, never
fully recovered from the shock of her death.

AUhough all of his family ties were in the
North, Colonel Scott distinguished himself in
the service of his adopted state of Florida during

Dancing the minuet is the traditional
Founder's Day celebration. Picture taken
from The Alumnae Quarterly April 1925.

18

the "War Between the States." He rose to the
rank of colonel and held a number of important
commands. By order of the Secretary of War,
he organized the Fifth Florida Battalion, known
as "Scott's Cavalry." Later, he was made com-
manding officer of the subdistrict of "Middle
and West Florida and Southwest Georgia."

In 1868, over his repeated protests, the Dem-
ocrats of Florida unanimously chose Colonel
Scott as their candidate for governor. But the
election was held under federal military rule,
and he and his party were not allowed a victory
at the polls.

Colonel Scott's life demonstrated the truth of
die Biblical promise; that, to those who "seek
first the Kingdom of God," "all these things shall
be added." His church and spiritual things were
given priority over all other interests. He was
an officer and leader in every church he attended.
For 25 years, he was an elder in the Decatur
Presbyterian Church and served on many im-
portant committees.

He gave with such modesty and reticence, that
the extent of his liberality will never be fully
known. He was far ahead of his time in his
generous and fair dealing with his own em-
ployees.

And so, it was only natural that when, in 1889.
Dr. Frank H. Gaines, pastor of the Decatur Pres-
byterian Church, proposed to some leading mem-
bers of the church the organization of a Chris-
tian school for girls in Decatur, Colonel Scott
should be one of the most enthusiastic supporters
of the plan. He was the first to sign and com-
pletely endorse the Agnes Scott Ideal, as formu-
lated by Dr. Gaines, establishing strong spiritual
and intellectual standards as the basis for build-

er. Frank H. Gaines, co-founder and first president
of Agnes Scott

ing die school.

During the remaining fourteen years of his
life, with all his power, influence, and ability,
Colonel Scott stood squarely behind Agnes Scott
Institute. With Dr. Gaines, he was the guiding
spirit of the new school. During the early years,
he paid the annual recurring deficit in full, and
he gave generously for physical improvements
as well as for endowment.

In addition, he gave himself his interest, his
counsel, his prayers, his constant support. He
was present at every opening session of the
school, and he lived to see it grow from grammar
grade rank to a recognized college preparatory
school, well on the way to full college status.

His was the joy of seeing a growing stream of
young women at an impressionable age pass
under the influence of the Agnes Scott Ideal his
life did so much to foster.

19

IN THE AGNES SCDTT TRADITION

These excerpts from the notes of Miss Louise McKinney, Professor of English, Emeritus, were
chosen for publication by Jane Guthrie Rhodes '38. Miss McKinney's notes, which we hope
will be published in book form, are one of the best sources of Agnes Scott history and have been
given to the Alumnae Association.

The First May Day

The year 1913 seems to have been an eventful
year in the history of Agnes Scott for sometime
during that year, or about that time, several
customs that have become traditions came into
existence. One of these was May Day. This
is Emma Jones Smith's (1918) account of the
first May Day.

"About the first May Day I can remember
almost everything except the date. It was either
in 1912 or 1913, and was sponsored by the
Y.W.C.A. as a sort of money-making scheme.
For a "consideration" they served chicken-salad
and sandwiches and lemonade out of that imita-
tion well-top that so often adorned the campus
in those days. I cannot remember the name of
the Queen, but I remember perfectly how she
looked so that if I could only get my hand on an
Annual of that year I could pick her out. I
remember that the different classes were to come
dressed as various appropriately bucolic groups,
and that my class were to be the milkmaids. We
appeared carrying fire-buckets and with what
used to be known as "fudge aprons" over our
dresses (probably middies since that is all I
seem to remember owning at that time).

"I think the second celebration had Theodosia

Cobbs as Queen and I remember Charlotte
Jackson's poem in which she announced what
had been kept secret until that minute:

Theodosia s to be Queen of the May, girls,

Theodosia' s to be Queen of the May!
at least it ended this way.

At that time we had the first May Pole Dance.
Lott May Blair Lawton, 1914, taught it to the
girls, or was the star performer. How we gazed
at her in awe, because she was the first girl we
had ever seen who had taken dancing lessons!
She wore high-top white shoes almost to her
knees. Almeda Sadler was to dance in the
Morris Dance but, as she couldn't find her belt
for her costume, she appeared at the last minute,
out of breath, with two brown stockings tied
together to make a belt. Almeda also sang a
song. I can even remember some of the words.
The royal roses redden
And smiling deck the sad . . .
Oh, it was all too, too sweet!"

Taking the history of the tradition at this
point, it was Miss Isabel Randolph of the Physi-
cal Education Department who suggested a plan
that had been used at an eastern college, Barnard,
perhaps that of taking some mythological

20

;haracters and using them as a basis of the May
Day performance. The students were not only
o write the scenarios, but to plan the costumes
ind dances with the aid of the Physical Educa-
ion Department. This particular plan was fol-
owed for years until both students and audience
vearied of the sameness of the themes. And so
hey began to select subjects from a broader
ield, various legends and traditions, the plan-
ting and costuming still being largely the work
f the students.

The student community was notified several
nonths ahead that the scenarios in the competi-
ion would be due before the Christmas vacation
md the results passed upon by a committee of
acuity and students.

This plan has been followed ever since except
n 1939, known as Alumnae Year and the year
if our semi-centennial celebration when Marga-
et Bland Sewell, 1929, Janef Preston, 1921,
,ita Goss, 1936, Mildred Clark, 1936, Hor-
ense Jones, 1938, with Mary Anne Kernan,
.938, as chairman, were appointed to prepare
he scenario for the May Day of that year. The
ide of this scenario was The Heritage of
Voman.
\S. December 11, 1944.

Eileen Gober, 1903, has sent in this piece of
nformation: that die class of 1903 had a May
)ay, a very simple affair, according to Eileen,
ompared with today's performances.

[Tie First Debate

Che first debate between women's colleges in
he South took place in 1913 in New Orleans,
vith Mary Helen Schneider Head, 1915 and
]mma Jones Smith, 1918 as the team and Mar-
juerite Wells, 1914 as alternate. The opposing
earn was from Sophie Newcomb and the ques-

tion was: Resolved that the U. S. Government
should own and operate the telegraph system.

In the words of Emma Jones Smith, "That
sounds very unexciting in the telling and yet
from my vantage point in the list of those present
it still seems a glamorous and important occa-
sion. Dr. Armistead was our chaperon and
treated us with such gallantry that we wouldn't
have changed places with Alice Roosevelt or
Ethel Barrymore. The Newcomb girls felt that
we took an unfair advantage of the judges be-
cause we wore evening dresses, whereas they
marched forth to battle clad in sensible white
skirts and shirtwaists. I almost passed out from
nervous excitement, but came the hour for the
debate and I forgot everything but that Agnes
Scott expected us to do our duty!

"When the news of our victory (it was a
unanimous decision on the part of the judges)
reached the college, it is told that the student
body got out of bed and snake-danced over the
campus singing, These bones goin rise again!
with Dr. Gaines leaning out of his window and
adding a modest and dignified hurrah in a mo-
ment of silence. That hurrah produced as great
an effect as our victory, I think."

The Origin of Founder's Day

Sometime during the early part of the session of
1918, Dr. Gaines announced a holiday on Feb-
ruary 22 "not because it was George Wash-
ington's birthday," so he distinctly stated, "but
because on that day our Founder, George Wash-
ington Scott, was born." So Founder's Day be-
gan, and ever since that time it has been ob-
served. It is generally marked by a festive din-
ner at which the seniors, at least, appear in the
costume of George Washington's time. After
dinner the college community goes to the gym-

Si

study hall

nasium where a selected group dances the min-
uet. After that the students dance as long as
they choose up to a reasonable hour.

"Besides this, the various groups of alumnae
all over the country meet on this day, either in
the home of one of them, or if the group is too
large, they meet at a sort of banquet in some
hotel. They assemble in time to listen to the
broadcast over WSB from Atlanta. Dr. McCain
speaks, giving some interesting things about our
Alma Mater and Miss Hopkins' "Dear Girls,'"
in her sweet clear voice used to be one of the
looked-for features of the occasion."

In 1945, the Granddaughters Club added a
new feature to the celebration of Founder's Day
that of a skit in which some of the early
history of Agnes Scott Institute was given by
members of the club. It is hoped that this will
become a permanent feature of Founder's Day.

How the Agonistic Got Its Name

In 1915, Spott Payne, 1917 and a group of
students agitated the question of a weekly paper.
On February 11, 1916 the first number ap-
peared. It was called The Agonistic and con-
tinued under that name until 1938 when the
name was changed to The Agnes Scott News.

It is interesting the way the first name, Ago-
nistic, came to be chosen. A prize of a semester's
subscription was offered for the student sug-
gesting the best name, and Anna Kyle, 1917,
won the prize. Here is how she came upon the
word, according to her own account: "One
Sunday afternoon while I was drying my hair
I took a small dictionary, went through it word
by word and made a list of all the words I
thought might be appropriate as a name of the
paper. I then reduced that list to about five or
six names and turned the list in for the contest.
The word, agonistic, meaning according to the
dictionary, pertaining to mental combat, headed
the list. It seemed appropriate as we often spoke
of Agnes Scott as dear old Agony. That is about
all I know of the beginning of the Agonistic'

The paper was published under this name
until 1938 and finally changed because it was
so often written incorrectly. It was quite fre-
quently spoken of as The Agnostic; indeed in
one of our own annuals the name was so printed.
And so it seemed the best thing to change the
name.

The Alma Mater and Other Early Songs

During the year of 1907, both students and fac-
ulty felt that there was too little singing among
the students and a corresponding lack of college
songs. So under the sponsorship of Miss Love-
lace and Miss Spangler of the voice depart-
ment, a song contest was inaugurated. A prize
of $2.00 was offered for each song accepted by
the committee and the prizes were awarded after
evening chapel sometime in the spring of 1909.
According to Jean Powel, ex-1909: "The first
song contest must have occurred in 1907 or
1908, for after an absence of a year I returned
to the campus to find everyone singing Louise

22

Davidson's I'm a Hottentot and the faculty song,
~)ur Fond Recollections of Past College Days.
remember that I was green with envy, so when
he contest was open in 1908-09, I worked hard
>n songs. Ruth Marion and I wrote a song to
he tune of Listen to My Tale of Woe called A
kittle Fresh at Agnes Grew, for which we shared
i prize.

"I also wrote Agnes Scott, My Agnes Scott
I the tune of Maryland, My Maryland and
submitted it. It was written in about ten min-
ites one night when we were singing and felt
;he need of a new song. It was adopted at the
:ime as our Alma Mater song and was sung at
i glee club concert at the Grand Opera House
in Atlanta in April, 1909. Later, however, it
was dropped for Dorothea Snodgrass Town-
send's, ex-1910, Alma Mater song, a better
song "When far from the reach of thy shelter-
ing arms, etc. set to the tune of Believe Me If
All Those Endearing Young Charms, (which
has been Agnes Scott's Alma Mater ever since).
Dorothea also wrote a song beginning,
My step is heavy, my word is law,
I'm Dr. Gaines, I'm Dr. Gaines. . .
and in the stanzas following there were take-offs
of various faculty members. The Purple and
the White by Annie Smith and Edith Sloan was
used in that same glee club concert at the Opera
House, so it must have won a prize.

"One of the cleverest songs we had was writ-
ten by two members of the Academy faculty
called: No Loafing Place at Agnes Scott, sung
to the tune of an old negro song,

/ went to the Rock to hide my face
The Rock cried out, no hidin place.
"It is thought that Miss Ella Young, principal
of the Academy in the last year of its existence,

was one of the authors of this song, but the name
of the other author has been lost.

"This is a fairly complete record of one of the
student activities of the early days of the college,
before the days of date parlours and week-ends
away from the campus, (and Jean adds) I sup-
pose it is a good evidence of my age that I think
the old days were best."

How We Won Our Chapter of Phi Beta Kappa
Sometime during 1914, Mr. Armistead, head of
the English Department, Mr. Guy of the Chem-
istry Department and Mr. Olivier of Astronomy
and Physics, conceived the idea of an honor so-
ciety for the college. Mr. Armistead was prob-
ably the moving spirit as he was far-seeing
enough to anticipate the establishing of a chap-
ter of Phi Beta Kappa in the college.

In order to bring this about eventually, there
had to be an honor society with high academic
standards and it must have existed for at least
ten years before PBK could consider establishing
a chapter in any college. Mr. Olivier, a devoted
alumnus of the University of Virginia, proposed
the name Gamma Tau Alpha because these three
Greek letters were the initial letters of an in-
scription over a certain building at his univer-
sity. The inscription was from John 8:3 Ye
shall knoiv the truth.

The first members of this honor society came
from the class of 1914 and the charter members
of this organization became later the faculty
members of Phi Beta Kappa. And the first
members elected were the three alumnae, Lucile
Alexander, 1911, Anna Young, 1910, and Mar-
garet McCallie, 1909. For the next ten or eleven
years, election to Gamma Tau Alpha was a
highly coveted honor. During this time, the
continued on page 39

23

ANNUAL GIFTS AND COLLEGE PROGRESS

J. R. MCCAIN. PRESIDENT OF AGNES SCOTT COLLEGE

Our more than 8,000 Agnes Scott alumnae are
our most prized asset. In your success and use-
fulness, we find the real test of our own effective-
ness as an institution. The fact that you do have
happy homes and families, and that you are
leaders in church and community life, gives to
us here at the center more satisfaction than all
the material contributions which you might
make.

At the same time, alumnae support in finan-
cial matters has been very important. We have
had seven major campaigns in the development
of Agnes Scott, and not one of them would have
been a success without alumnae workers and
alumnae gifts.

Campaigns will doubtless be important in the
future, as we have many unmet needs, and our
rapid progress in recent years proves the value
of concentrated efforts. However, our college has
largely neglected one important phase of insti-
tutional financing which others are using with
good effect: namely, annual gifts for support.

Agnes Scott secures 80 per cent of its income
from students and 20 per cent from endowment.
It has never sought regular support on an annual
basis for current activities.

Many colleges are receiving more from the
alumni in annual gifts than from their endow-
ment, and our own college ranks right at the bot-
tom in this.

The accompanying diagrams will show the
contrast between the average private college in

the United States and our own in this matter.
They show the sources of income for current ex-
penses.

AVERAGE PRIVATE COLLEGE AGNES SCOTT

ENDOWMENT ENDOWMENT

STUDENT FEES

STUDENT FEES

The launching of our Alumnae Fund two
years ago was a step in the right direction, and
it has had an encouraging growth. At present the
college donates $2,000 per year to the Alumnae
Association. The goal of the program is to be-
come entirely self-supporting as an association
and to donate to the college perhaps as much as
$5,000 annually. This would be wonderful-
worth to us almost as much as $200,000 of en-
dowment at present rates.

The size of an annual gift as planned by the
Alumnae Fund is not so important as the number
of those who participate and take an interest.
Giving for one year does not obligate a person
to do so another time. There is much freedom
in the whole plan.

Because I believe that the next forward step
for Agnes Scott will be in securing gifts for cur-
rent support, I am enthusiastic about the Alum-
nae Fund program, and earnestly commend it to
all of our college -family.

24

Let's score ourselves! See page 41.

OF THE CLASSES

1 893 THROUGH 1926

A study of the Alumnae Association scrapbooks

Lucile Dennison Wells '37

Thousands of us have taken wing from the nest
on College Avenue, Decatur, Georgia, many with
our tassels properly cocked to the right. And
what have we and our tassels been up to? Let
us not single out any one illustrious alumna.
Let us not indulge our maternal bias. Let us
just look at a few records for what they show.
A sort of history of each member of each class
can be found in the scrapbooks kept in the
Alumnae Office. For all the help of the grape-
vine, the class secretaries, the newspaper clipping
service, letters, scissors, paste, and the Alumnae
Secretary, the histories are necessarily full of
gaps. Some of the pages are just one big gap.
But the books are jammed with facts which, col-
lected and fitted together, cast a shadow of what
the first 34 classes may be.

FIG. 2

INSTITUTE

ATTENDANCE

1663

attended

Institute

68

1889-1905

D NON-GRADUATES
GRADUATES

The first figure indicates the increase in the
attendance at the College from the class of 1906
through the class of 1926. The Institute classes
were lumped together in the second figure be-
cause available non-graduate numbers for those
years are not broken down into classes.

FIG. 1 GROWTH IN ATTENDANCE 1906-
1926 SHOWING A RANGE FROM THE
SMALLEST CLASS OF 8 IN 1906 WITH 6
GRADUATES TO THE LARGEST CLASS OF
218 IN 1923 WITH 62 GRADUATES.
LARGEST GRADUATING CLASS IN THIS
PERIOD WAS 1925 WITH 80.

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1 | 1909 | 2 | 1

1

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9 | 1911 | 4 | 2

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10 j 1912 |

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11 | 1914 | 5 | 3

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1 | 1 | 1

10 | 1916 | 5 | 1

1

1 | 1 | 1

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16 | 1919 | 7 | 10

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18 | 1921 | 8 | 6

7

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17 | 1922 j 6 ! 6

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3 |

19 | 1923 | 8 | 12

4 | 2 | | 2

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23 | 1924 | 4 | 4

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18 j 1926 1 3 | 9 j 9 | 2 | | 2

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1918

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1

FIG. 5 GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBU-
TION OF ALL ALUMNAE THROUGH
THE CLASS OF 1945.
77% IN THESE STATES, ABOUT
22% IN OTHER STATES AND 1%
IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES.

26

No attempt is made in figure three, the chart
on jobs, to include statistics on the labors of
homemaking and child-rearing. Teaching pre-
dominates as the choice of working Agnes Scot-
ters. Many of these teach only a while after
graduating before they marry or go into other
fields. Many return to teaching when their chil-
dren are less demanding or when called by a
teacher shortage. Of the categories covered in
figure three "education" includes among the
teachers, county school superintendents, college
deans, directors of private schools; "arts" in-
clude writing, acting, dancing; "business" in-
cludes advertising, office work, insurance, depart-
ment store work, owners of antique and tea shops,
an operator of a travel service. The "church"
column does not have tabulated the wives of
ministers who indeed work for the church on
almost a vocational basis. Also not indicated
is the service of alumnae of these 34 classes in
World War II: 3 Red Cross overseas workers,
2 airplane workers, 5 WAC'S, 2 WAVE's and
one Army nurse.

Figure 4 is obviously an inadequate represen-
tation of the volunteer activities of alumnae.
Glancing at the bare PTA column, we can only
imagine that even those who write in do not
mention their constant interests. In the "social
work" column are represented the YWCA, Girl
Scouts, Camp Fire, Red Cross, Child Welfare,
Junior League, etc. ; in "cultural clubs," AAUW,
drama groups, music and study clubs, historical
societies; "ancestor" groups, DAR, UDC;
"causes," political organizations, League of
Women Voters, boards of various organizations
devoted to social progress.

Our scrapbook information on alumnae may
be too meager to warrant such a study as is here

made. A more thorough search of all files in the
office would bring in a few more bits on these
classes. Interviews with teachers and alumnae
would reveal much more. A study of later
classes would add light. Certainly it would profit
die College in its planning to have a fuller and
more systematic record of the wanderings of her
daughters. If these charts do nothing else, they
suggest that we consider whether we want better
information on our alumnae and, if so, how we
can secure it. The cooperation of die alumnae in
answering a questionnaire at regular intervals
might be considered. Last fall the classes of
1921 and 1936 of Agnes Scott and 30 other
women's colleges were surveyed by a question-
naire on the number of their children. The in-
formation was reported back by a large propor-
tion of the graduates and was helpful in making
possible an interesting study. The conclusions
of the study were that college graduates are not
replacing themselves. The Agnes Scott class of
1921 reported 1.21 children per graduate as
compared with the average for the survey of
1.06. The class of 1936 reported 0.81 per grad-
uate as compared with the average 0.65. Ad-
dresses of alumnae, diligently pursued by the
staff, are adequate for surveys.

The physical wanderings of alumnae are rela-
tively restricted. The address files give a pic-
ture of the geographical placement of alumnae
through the class of 1945. The concentration
around the college is apparent from figure 5
which shows the percent of Agnes Scott alumnae
in this section. On the faculty of Agnes Scott
last year were eight graduates of classes through
that of 1926. Of the entire student body last
year ten percent were daughters of alumnae.
Many of us are not "far from the reach."

27

THE GOOD OLD DAYS

Dr. J. D. M. Armistead

A group of favorite anecdotes about campus personali-
ties that make us look back with appreciation for the
delightful people who have been at Agnes Scott

Told by Jane Guthrie Rhodes '38

Gather 'round, ye modern Alumnae and pres-
ent day students who consider your college antics
beyond compare! Frankly, you haven't heard
anything until you begin to gather the anecdotes
of the past, the pranks and jokes which the fac-
ulty and students played on each other back in
the days when our Alma Mater was just begin-
ning.

For instance: can you imagine dating an
Agnes Scott professor (there used to be four
very eligible young bachelors on the faculty),
or climbing the college water tank by moon-
light and painting on it the name of your class
for all to see next morning, or crawling through
a basement window of Rebekah Scott Hall to
raid the kitchen pantry? Can you imagine Agnes
Scott when Miss Louise Lewis poured a pitcher
of ice water through a transom upon the amazed
head of Dean Nannette Hopkins? When the
whole student body went on a strike for a holiday
and got it? When the janitor felt himself so
much a part of the campus family that he in-
vited the entire college community to his wed-
ding? When Miss Margaret Phythian's welsh

rabbit cooked on a chafing dish by lamplight
was The college Sunday night event?

If you would know more, ye graduates of the
'30's and '40's and ye present day students who
lead such staid, dignified campus lives, ham-
pered by all sorts of modern conveniences if
you would know more concerning the Good Old
Days, then read on!

At five o'clock on the morning of April 1,
1918, it is told, all but two of the 125 students
of Agnes Scott College rose from their beds
and silently (in stocking feet) left the campus
grounds. At seven o'clock of that same morning,
Dean Hopkins, walking along the colonnade to
breakfast, sensed an unnatural silence hovering
over the campus. Entering the dining room a
few minutes later, she found not a single one of
"her girls" present. The matron was summoned.
She arrived with fluttering hands and devastat-
ing news. Every dormitory bed was empty ex-
cept the two occupied by the presidents of Stu-
dent Government and Y.W.C.A. who had their
heads under the covers and refused to come out!
Dr. Gaines was immediately notified and the

28

listoric search began. The campus rang with
ries of "Where are our girls?" and "Why did
hey do it?" All buildings were combed and
he search spread finally to Decatur's main
treets. There at a certain grocery store, in the
erson of a certain delivery boy, the frantic
acuity found its first clue.

"I've got an order of lemonade and fruit and
tuff to be delivered at noon to a bunch of young
adies who are having a picnic out in Emory
roods," he drawled. "Anybody want to come
long?"

Without a word, the matron who felt her
esponsibility most keenly, got into the delivery
ragon beside the delivery boy who clicked once
o his horse and away they went toward Emory
Springs. Some time after they arrived at the
amous spring, and what a charming bucolic
cene met their eyes! Young ladies, slender
nd beautiful, wading in the spring, filling the
ir with their merry laughter. "We'll stay here
mtil they give us our holiday!" one maiden
ried, and the rest shouted their approval. Then
hey turned to hail the delivery wagon which had
list drawn up. And the matron rose from her
eat with outstretched arms and great relief in
ler voice, saying, "Girls, come back! All is
orgiven. Dr. Gaines says you may have your
loliday!" And that was the beginning, ye mod-
rn ones, of your beloved Spring Vacation.

One very warm day in May, Miss McKinney
ooked out of her second-story window in White
louse and perceived with some alarm that the
nassive honeysuckle vine which covered one
:nd of the porch was on fire. She hurriedly rang
he college fire alarm and the men of the faculty
ose from their unfinished noon repast, donned
heir fire hats and hastily trundled down the

college fire hose on a reel. In spite of their he-
roic efforts, the fire continued and the Decatur
fire wagon was called. Then at the height of the
excitement, with the Decatur firemen hacking
at boards on the porch roof and with the college
fire department furiously spraying water from
below, Miss McKinney, who had returned to her
room for a few choice belongings, leaned from
her window and called out dramatically, "A lad-
der, a ladder! My kingdom for a ladder!"
Whereupon, Dr. Armistead, head of the English
Department, gallantly removed his fire helmet,
held out his arms and shouted, "Just jump!"

Now all of this took place in the Good Old
Days, remember, before the age of fire-proof
buildings and introverts, when people were far
less slaves to convention than we are today.

When the first automobiles were put on the
market. Miss Lillian Smith went out and bought
herself a brand new Buick. It was a beauty and
she was very proud of it and also of her ability
to drive it. On one occasion Miss Smith ran
through the back of her garage in parking the
Buick. Arriving at the faculty dinner table
later, she related the incident with utter calm,
adding, "Do you know, if I hadn't been in com-
plete possession of my car, I might have had a
serious accident!"

You modern students who never had Latin
under Miss Lillian Smith missed contact with
a delightful personality. You probably missed
knowing Mr. Bachman, too. Mr. Bachman was
the college treasurer back in the Good Old Days.
A man of dignity and exceptionally well-
groomed appearance. It is told that he bought
a hat in Atlanta one day and wore it home on the
Decatur trolley with the hat size ticket extending
well below the brim. And he was so chagrined

29

when a fellow faculty member pointed this out
that he never wore the hat again. On another
occasion, Mr. MacLean, head of the Music De-
partment, thought it would be a good joke to
make Mr. Bachman, who had arrived a little
late for dinner, read out again some general an-
nouncements which had just been made for the
benefit of the young ladies assembled in the din-
ing hall. Mr. Bachman very courteously ac-
cepted the notes which Mr. MacLean handed
him and rising, adjusted his glasses and began
to read. He was only half way through when
the entire dining hall burst into a roar of laugh-
ter. This reception so surprised Mr. Bachman
that his glasses (really and truly) fell from his
nose into a bowl of soup that awaited him below.
And he left the dining hall in great mortification.
We are sure that all shy, sensitive people today
suffer with him. But the Good Old Days were
boisterous days, my friends, and practical jokes
went on all the time.

Now we must relieve you concerning Miss
Hopkins and the pitcher of ice water episode.
Long ago, Miss Hopkins, for whom the Hopkins
Jewel is named and who was Agnes Scott's first
Dean, lived across the hall from Miss Louise
Lewis, head of the Art Department. One April
First the students decided to tie a rope from
Miss Hopkins' door knob to that of Miss Lewis'
and wait in the hall to see what would happen.
Well, somehow, Miss Hopkins got the rope off
her door and walked across the hall intending to
enter Miss Lewis' room. At that moment, Miss
Lewis who was standing on a table inside her
door expecting more tomfoolery from the girls,
heaved a pitcher of ice water through the tran-
som, not on the heads of her intended victims,
but all over Miss Hopkins instead.

In the Good Old Days, Westlawn was Bacht
lors' Headquarters. In this cottage lived fou
gay young professors, Mr. Stukes, Mr. Johnsor
Mr. Dieckmann and Mr. MacLean. The proces
sion of these dashing young men across the can
pus on a summer evening, attired in their dar
coats and immaculate white flannel "ice-cream
trousers, was something to see. Whom the
would date next and which young lady the
would marry were fascinating topics of discu
sion. We all know that Mr. Johnson married h
accompanist, that Mr. Stukes married one (
his psychology students after chaperoning he
on numerous dates with other young men, an
that Mr. Dieckmann married Emma Pope Mos
who was an instructor in English.

But did you know that Mr. Johnson had 1
get special permission to climb Main's foi
flights of stairs in order to read to his Guss:
while she supervised the piano practice houi
at night? And that while walking across tl
campus with Mrs. Johnson soon after his hone;
moon, Mr. Johnson was horrified to hear ol
Bill Etchison who had fired the college furna<
for years shout from his basement window
"There they goes! He just thinks he could eat he
up. Well, that's the way I used to feel about rr
wife. And now I wish I had!" And did yc
know that long before she became Mrs. Died
mann, Emma Pope Moss and her roomma
hid in the organ loft in the swell chest, in ord<
to overhear a faculty play rehearsal? And thi
while they waited in great suspense for the pla
to begin, Mr. Dieckmann decided to sit dow
and play the organ. And the two girls couldn
get out because Dr. Armistead, at their reque
and with Miss Hopkins' permission, had locke
them in and taken away the key. Mrs. Died

30

Emma Pope Moss Dieckmann
'13 and Ruth Slack Smith '12
with the cabbage bouquet
presented to Mr. Dieckmann
in appreciation of the swell
chest concert.

inn says it was some time before they got
ck their hearing again.

Dr. George P. Hayes tells this one on Dr.
jbinson who is back from the army this year-
resume his position as head of the Mathe-
atics Department. "Henry," Dr. Hayes says,
ised to make mince pies for his family. He
ok his recipe from an army cookbook and
ould divide the measurements indicated,
lough for 150 people or so, down to four."
ny of Dr. Robinson's students, past or future,
ill vouch for his ability to do this. Dr. Hayes
lSo describes how Dr. Robinson used to use his
ttle daughter, Anne, in his experiments with
jecific gravity. First, he would place a basin of
ater in an empty bathtub. Then he would place
ttle Anne in the wash basin and measure the
mount of water that overflowed as the result.

Speaking of scientific experiments, Mrs.
Dieckmann boasts that the first family of bugs
which Miss MacDougall became interested in
were from her garden. She relates how Miss
"Mac" called one afternoon to get some rich
soil for a few flower pots. Mrs. Dieckmann took
her around the house and gave her soil from a
garden which had just been fertilized. "Natu-
rally," Mrs. Dieckmann explains, "Miss Mac
had to examine the dirt through her microscope
before putting it in the flower pots. And in doing
this she discovered a kind of parasite that had
never been known to live off sheep before. So I
am very proud of the fact that Miss Mac's first
famous experiment sprang from my flower gar-
den."

Miss Lucile Alexander loves to recall the days
when Jim, the janitor, thought he ran Science
Hall. She remembers two of his famous remarks,
one to Mr. Holt soon after his arrival on the
campus. Jim had just finished showing Mr.
Holt the various rooms and properties of Science
Hall and Mr. Holt said, "Well, Jim, I appreciate
your telling me where everything is." To which
Jim replied, "Yas, suh, Mr-. Holt, with your
larnin' and my experience we'll get along fine."
And this other remark sometime after Dr.
Olivier, who was famous for his ability to get
along with people, had left the Science Depart-
ment. Jim got to thinking about him one day
and turning to one of the science professors, re-
marked, "Miss Preston, what's ever become of
Mr. Olivier? He was the commonest man I ever
knew."

Miss "Alec" likes to tell this one on Miss
McKinney and herself. It was in the days of the
Agnes Scott Academy and Miss Alexander was
trying to teach Geometry, the Theory of Limits,

31

to her high school students. She was a little wor-
ried about making such an elusive subject clear
to them and mentioned the fact to Miss Mc-
Kinney who said, "Well, you try it out on me and
if you can make me understand it, I know you
can explain it to your girls." So Miss Alexander
gave the lecture which she had prepared and
when she had finished Miss McKinney observed
her in silence for a moment and then said
gently, "Now, Lucile, you really don't believe
all that nonsense you've been telling me, do
you?"

Well, we could go on like this for pages more,
about how Mr. Cunningham (that distinguished
"young man" you see going across the campus
now and then always wearing his elegant black
fedora and frock coat) how he, Agnes Scott's
business manager in the Good Old Days, used
to call Miss Daugherty, of the Infirmary, "little
violet" while her affectionate term for him was
"little sunshine"; and about the time Mr. Stukes
dressed hurriedly for a dinner date and arrived
at the street car stop with his bathrobe instead
of his overcoat over his arm; and about Dr.
Guy's popcorn ball parties after Chemistry lab
hours; and how Dr. Sweet used to weigh all
the Alumnae babies for the baby contest which
was held on Alumnae Day until there got to be
too many babies. Et cetera, et cetera!

And try as hard as we may we cannot think of
a single contemporary incident that would hold
a candle to these anecdotes from the past, unless

it could be the time during vespers that a cal
had kittens in the organ loft of the old chapel
and carried them down the aisle one at a time
while Mr. Dieckmann played on without lifting
an eyebrow. But this is the only one we can
think of. So we who used to pride ourselves on
being the most modern of the moderns, now
begin to envy the young ladies who were a part
of Agnes Scott's small fun-loving family in the
Good Old Days, and to wonder how we could
spend four years in the company of these same
professors, for many are on the campus today
and graduate knowing so little about them.

Perhaps it had something to do with the
change in the times . . . with the radio, the
movies, the fraternity dances and all the things
that were continually calling us from the campus.
Or perhaps it had something to do with us.
Certainly a class room of young ladies in im
maculate white blouses, skirts demurely hem
lined, hair piled high and smooth, young ladies
intent on draining the last ounce from the highei
education so recently offered them certainly
this class room offers a marked contrast to the
one of today where "slick-chicks," blousy haired
and bobby-soxed, gaze out the window in a trance
over the evening's date. At any rate, it's been a
long time since anyone addressed us with the
love and respect and pride which we used to heai
in Miss Hopkins' voice when she looked arounc
at all of us in chapel and said, "Dear Girls!"

Author's Note:

If we have omitted any of your favorite anecdotes, please forgive us and senc
them on to Mary Jane. The Fall Quarterly has to be done in the summer, you
know, and many faculty members were away on vacation while this article wot
being written.

J.G.R.

32

fHE CHRONICLE OF OUR LIBERATION

N KUNOVICE AT UHERSKE HRADISTE

GER M-ANy

RRmany '

H u'

'HE PLACE

Cunovice is a little village of about 5,000 in-
labitants in the southeastern part of Moravia,
>ne of the four lands, the Czechoslovak republic
:onsists of. It lies some 60 miles from Brno,
he capital of Moravia, and only 12 or 15 miles
rom the frontier of another territorial unit
:alled Slovakia, which was not directly occupied
)y the Nazis, but existed as a free state, in Ger-
nan sense, of course. The next larger town is
Jherske Hradiste with some 10,000 inhabitants.
The main characteristic of the country the
tillage of Kunovice is situated in is liveliness
ind temperament. The eastern and western
dements are mingled there strongly, the eastern
mes surpassing. The country is rather pictu-
"esque in its peasant dresses with rich embroid-
ery and bright colors, in its old customs and dif-
ferent dialect. To the newcomer it appears just
is if smiling, singing and dancing all the time.

Written in the days of April 29-May 12, 1945, by Jaroslava
Bienertova Putterlikova, exchange student, 1933, and sent to
the Alumnae Association "to give somehow evidence of
thankful memories upon college days, a small gift to please."

AND

Besides, it is the home of excellent smoked meal,
a special kind of home-made sausage and "slivo-
vice," a kind of brandy burnt of plums.

People are mostly peasants with 30 to 60 acres
of fields. They are strong, tall, good looking fel-
lows, very proud of their being so different from
their other countrymen, somewhat stubborn, but
good-natured and gifted with hospitality which
knows no limit.

There is no important industry all over this
area except the shoe factories of Thomas Bata
in Zlin. Kunovice itself lies on an important
railroad which connects the West of the republic
with the well-known eastern spas, i.e., Trensheen.
Trenchanska Tepla, Piestany. There are two
factories in the village: Avia, a factory for air-
plane repairs built by the Nazis on the very
beginning of the war, and the brick factory and
electric plant belonging to Mr. Joseph Abrham,
where my husband John was employed as tech-
nical engineer. In the time of peace it might
have been well considered as a dull place, but
in the war time we found there a nice quiet
home. We moved over there in November 1941.

33

Years were passing and every one of them
hung like a heavy stone on our necks. Our first-
born son died in 1942 at the age of two years of
scarlet fever; our daughter Eva was born and
growing up quickly. The year 1943 came and
then 1944. The smiling spirit of the country
dashed away long ago. There was a deep
silence over the inns where young boys and girls
used to dance and sing on Saturday nights. The
same silence was over the houses. Nobody dared
to speak aloud in fear for prosecutions. It was
bad, but it was not the worst. The hell and fire
of actual battles was still far away from our
homes, in strange unknown countries and in
spite of hard restrictions, we had our daily
bread. All we knew about those remote battle-
fields were the news of foreign broadcasting and
the whisper propaganda spreading its ear-to-ear
informations.

THE MESSENGERS

So it was until summer 1944. In that year, on
a bright day at the end of July, not long before
noon there was a peculiar sound to be heard
outside. It could be hardly said where it was
coming from. It was in the air ; the whole atmos-
phere was filled with this wide echoing noise.
Before I could get out and inquire what was
going on, John peeped in through the open win-
dow and cried out with an excited voice: "They
are here!"

"Who?" I asked.

"Americans. Come along right quick, if you
want to see them," was the answer.

Little Eva in arms (she was only twenty
months old by that time) I ran out. Everybody
was on their feet already. Workers of the fac-
tory, our neighbors of the cottage where we

lived, inhabitants of the near peasant houses
all were standing with their heads turned up,
shading their eyes with palms and concentrated
on what was going on upon the blue sky. We
joined them. At the first moment I could see
nothing, but after a while, when my eyes got
used to the sharp sunlight, I recognized the air-
planes five, nine, twenty, thirty and others and
others remaining invisible in the immense height
above the clouds, which I could not count. Like
silvery birds were they floating, seemingly nearer
to heaven than to the earth, and the noise of
their motors was falling upon the dead silent
world beneath like the sound of solemn bells;
slowly they passed over our turned up heads,
leaving a trace of smoke behind them a grave,
majestic, respectable force of a free country, a
brilliant testimony of victorious human spirit
against brutality. We followed them with a
moved, thankful admiring gaze as symbol of the
strength and dignity of those who were with us
and whom we were with in our hearts. None of
us thought of their bombs and weapons. They
were friends; they were messengers of peace.

Suddenly one of the aircraft separated from
its group; the trace of smoke behind it became
heavier there was evidently something wrong
with it. Then the crew jumped out. Little white
umbrellas of the opening parachutes small and
funny like children's toys appeared right over
our house. The machine was on fire and sinking
fast. It fell down near Velehrad, a pilgrim's
place of our country, where the first Christian
church was built in early middle ages, a few
miles from Kunovice. We found out later that
the whole crew rescued; only the pilot remained
at wheel and died in the burning plane. He
was buried on the graveyard of Velehrad beside

34

le ruins of that first Christian chapel. Very
ften there were fresh flowers on his grave, but
i spite of all effort the Gestapo never found out
rho placed them there.

'HE PRELUDE

Juring the rest of the year 1944 and in Winter
nd early Spring 1945 the situation on the bat-
lefields changed thoroughly. No more did the
rar take place in remote countries, but week by
reek and day by day was approaching us. The
loviet Army was chasing Germans through
'oland, Hungary and Austria. It stood at the
;ates of Vienna and bombs thrown upon this
ity and its surroundings shook the doors and
windows of our house. In the week following
he Easter holiday, Bratislava, another impor-
ant town in the valley of the Danube, was con-
uered. What was going to happen now? Would
he main attack follow the valley of the Danube
r would it turn northwest along the valley of
he river Morava and try to join the units, stand-
rig at Moravska Ostrava? If so, the German
rmy in Slovakia and in our area would be cut
'ff in a kind of a pocket and we would be in it
30, of course. Such were the topics of our ex-
ited discussions about the future, but none of
ur carefully guessed-out schemes covered with
he plans of the Soviet Headquarters. The army
rent northwest along the valley of Morava only
p to Hodonin and then turned west to Brno,
saving us out.

The coming weeks were awfully strained. The
ront was quite close; we could see the burning
ouses and hear the artillery. Days and nights
re Soviet airplanes were crossing the sky, throw-
ag down weapons for the partisans, the shock
f blown up bridges and railroads disturbed
ur sleep; cannon in the woods and on the hills

roared like an approaching thunderstorm.
Houses were empty. People packed all valuable
things and stores of victuals, hid them in cellars
or dug them in fields and gardens. They were
afraid of German robbery. Telephone and tele-
graph did not work. The village was cut off from
the outer world. Endless transports of German
soldiers from Slovakia filled the village. There
were soldiers in inns, private houses, schools,
everywhere. Cannon and tanks could be seen on
the highways, yards, gardens. Roads were
thronged with all kinds of vehicles cars, motor-
cycles, horse wagons. The situation for the Nazis
was critical and grew worse by every hour. None
of them spoke about the victory any more. All
they longed for was to escape the Russians and
get to the west to be captured by the U. S. army,
which already reached the Bohemian frontier at
Hof. Our liberation was the question of days
and hours, but how long these days were in
ceaseless whining of the alarm sirens, in the rest-
less hurry of leaving German troops, in running
day and night into the cellar where we spent
our time in fear and anxiety. How many times
we had to run downstairs with our frightened,
crying baby; how often even the solid grounds
of our cottage shook of detonations outside!

So the life went on so far as it could be
called life until Thursday, April 6th. On that
day in the afternoon the last German troops left
the village. Suddenly there was a silence all
over us. The burning Avia, set on fire by Ger-
mans at the last moment, glowed in the twilight
and the smoke joined slowly the heavy clouds of
the low sky. With darkness the rain came and
we stood on the threshold of the night as if
some wild prediction might come true in this
change of time.

35

THE DAY OF GLORY

BRKK FACTORY

There was silence even next morning until nine
o'clock, when the first Soviet shots fell upon the
village. Soon after that a disastrous explosion
happened at the highway bridge across the brook
Olshava, which was long ago underlaid with
dynamite and now blown up by Nazis as their
last terrible farewell.

Since early morning John was out with Mr.
Abrham on a little hill above the factory, ob-
serving the country and discussing the situation.
Suddenly a soldier appeared on the highway.
"German," they thought. Some conspicuous in-
dividual, many of whom having deserted the
army wandered about the country. "What
shall we do with him?" they asked each other.
"Let him go or give him a blow and throw him
over the fence?" They observed the soldier
carefully. He looked peculiar and his behavior
was unusual. He waved his hand just as if giving
notice that he wanted something. John with Mr.
Abrham went quickly across the field to find out
what was the matter and how they were sur-
prised, when they got closer and saw it was a
Russian soldier. The first one. And right after
him others and others wide spread all over the
fields.

Not only the factory, but the whole village
was up in a minute. Young boys came with
Czechoslovak and Soviet banner to greet the lib-
erators, hands were shaken, Russian words were
scraped out of memory, "slivovice," that genuine
home brandy, appeared magically, prepared for
a toast. We all felt tears in our eyes and one
single thought, beautiful like the world around,
filled our minds; the thought we have nursed
in our breasts in those dim years and which
came true on Friday, April 27th 1945 at 11
A.M.: we are free. Yes, we were free! What a
marvel.

And soldiers went on and on, tired, sunburnt,
covered with dust of thousands of miles they had
to go through before they reached this unknown
little spot of earth. In their rough coats and uni-
forms they carried along the smell of hay and
ripening crop, the bright, wide horizon of their
native country, the sweet, irresistible smell ol
freedom.

Such was our day of glory. It was great. It
was marvelous. It was full of joy.

AND AFTER . . .
The glory and joy did not last very long.
Right on that Friday, in the afternoon, the village
of Kunovice got under German fire and anew
we had to run into the cellar and not only to
run for a while, but stay there for long, anxious
hours in the dark and cold. The electric plant
did not work, partly because the network in the
village was heavily damaged, partly because
there was too much risk of a shot right into the
heated up steam engine. We had no- light, no
warmth, no news. Our radio, the precious source
of information in the past weeks, kept silent
without the electric stream. Nobody dared to go
down to the village and find out what was going

36

further on. We were like being in a submarine
which had lost its periscope. We saw nothing,
we heard nothing except those disastrous sounds
outside.

It lasted until Monday, April 30th. Then the
fire stopped; Germans moved away from our
area and we crept out of the cellars like half
blind worms.

DUTSIDE WORLD

It was a great relief for our poor civilian souls
:o see that there was no immediate danger of
leath any more, and life might have got quite
mother taste, had there been not so many de-
messing testimonies of the past events. In the
ields and gardens around the factory there
vere deep holes after German shots, the houses
n the surroundings of the blown up bridge
vere damaged some of them ruined to the
;rounds, others without roofs and windows. The
'Id public school on the Square, which served
o long the Germans for lodgings, stood like a
ioor beggar, directly hit several times old,
lirty, devastated, a useless thing kicked off bru-
illy by those who needed its hospitality no
lore.

And it rained. Hopelessly the heaven poured
ut its waters like tears which cannot be drained,
he highways changed into bottomless seas of
md. Men, building the provisional wooden
ridge across the brook Olshava, shivered with
Did. Horses and cows stood nearby with heads
own. Rain, rain, nothing but rain was falling
n earth, desperate like the wooing of ruined
lings, like the war itself. Yes, the war! It was
brutal thing and was not over yet. Its horrible
;ho could still be heard, though its end must
ive been near. How many towns and villages
id to go through this and much worse, how

many places on earth had to suffer under its
brutal fist! What looks France like, sweet
France with gay Paris, and Russia and Greece
and Italy and all countries in Europe. What a
horror must have gone over Varsovie and Uk-
raine. How much suffering of commonplace
people like me, my friends, my relatives, is hid-
den between the lines of an abrupt headquarters
report, announcing diat a village was conquered
or lost. War one word and it covers so much
blood and tears.

I was pushing heavily the baby's carriage in
the mud, when I went out for the first time.
Eva, soaken wet, fell asleep. What should I do
with her? Wake her up and make her see all
this so she might never forget and stand up once,
when she grows up, to say: no, there must not be
another war. Or let her sleep and not bother her
litde innocent soul with this desperate picture.

PEACE

And yet it was not so desperate after all. The
sun came up and dried the highways, which soon
became busy with those who came to Mr. Abr-
ham's factory for bricks and tiles. The bridge
stood already over the brook, sidewalks were
cleared, people were restoring their houses. The
sun poured new energy into the hearts of those
who were downhearted a few days ago and made
them able to set forth their work. Yes, work is
the best medicine, because it makes us forget.
And we have so much to forget, most of all that
wild, desperate chaos in our hearts and souls.
And we have so much work to do, too.

Thanks to this soothing remedy, we felt nice
and comfortable in those days of May. We were
free, we were alive, our hands and minds were
busy with other things than destruction and
death. What else could we wish for? The world

37

was so beautiful with the larks in the sky, with
blooming trees, with all these forms of wonder-
ful, changing, everlasting and all surviving Life.
And so the peace of weapons, which spread
all over the world on the 9th of May, did not
surprise us. It only completed the peace in our

hearts. Silently it came on tiptoes, took its seat
at our tables and simply said: Here I am; but
don't make anything out of it. It was as if some-
one came back, whose return we long expected,
and without passing a word joined the everyday
life.

ALUMNAE HERE AND THERE

LEILA ANDERSON '28 is in Europe attending
conferences that will take her throughout the continent.
She left at the end of June and planned to be gone
three or four months. Leila is director of the YWCA
at the University of California at Berkeley. Her first
destination was Geneva, Switzerland and the World
Conference of Churches to lay plans for a second
World Conference of Christian Youth to be held next
year in Oslo, Norway. Next Leila went to Cambridge
University in England for an International Student
Service Conference concerned with the relief and
rehabilitation of distressed students all over Europe.
The meeting was to establish future policies of the or-
ganization. Her third stop was Prague, Czechoslovakia
(now under Russian influence) where a student con-
ference was scheduled to form a new international
student federation. A part of the business of this
conference will be re-establishing a system of student
exchange. Leila was the YWCA representative to the
United Nations Peace Conference at San Francisco
last year.

MARY DWIGHT FORD KENNERLY '19 rep-
resented Agnes Scott at the celebration of the fiftieth
anniversary of the founding of Alabama College Oc-
tober 12-14. Mary's husband is professor of chemistry
at Alabama College.

ELIZA KING PASCHALL'S (38) wedding veil
of Brussels and rose point lace which she bought in
Europe was in another wedding this fall when a friend
of Eliza's borrowed it for her wedding.

ELIZABETH LILLY SWEDENBERG '27 rep-
resented Agnes Scott October 3 at the inauguration of
President Coons at Occidental College. Elizabeth and
her husband live at 417 Gayley Ave. in Los Angeles.
She will teach again this fall.

MARYELLEN HARVEY NEWTON '16 had a

wonderful surprise in September when her two daugh-
ters Jane Anne '46 and Reese '49 gave her a 25th
anniversary party. Emma Pope Moss Dieckmann '13
helped to keep Maryellen in the dark by inviting her
to a party at her house for that evening along with a
number of other friends who knew that the invitation
really meant a party at Maryellen's. There was a wed-
ding cake and the wedding march played by Mr.
Dieckmann and the fun of Maryellen's expression of
surprise which lasted all evening.

TOMMY RUTH BLACKMON'S ('38) husband
Seldon Waldo Blackmon Jr. has been elected president
of the National Junior Chamber of Commerce. He is
practicing law in Gainesville, Fla.

38

MARIAN McCAMY SIMS '20 has a new novel
to be published this fall, Storm Before Daybreak. It
is to be serialized by Collier's before publication. Mar-
ian writes about it: "It's an unabashed love story of
two orphans of the storm, who live in a very different
neighborhood from the country club section I've writ-
ten about before. No mesage, and no social sig-
nificance. There's too much of that suff masquerading
as fiction today without my adding to the confusion."

LISELOTTE RONNECKE, exchange student of
1934-35, now Frau Liselotte Kaiser lives at Schwab
Hall, Wurtemberg, Germany, Gartenstr. 11. She has
two children, one a little boy five and a half and
the other smaller. Her husband is a dentist. Their
home and his office were destroyed by air raids as was
her parents' home in Hanover. She is teaching English
in the public school and worked as interpreter for the*
American Military Government. She would appreciate
receiving letters and reading material.

PIE ERTZ '45, Red Cross program planning di-
rector newly arrived in Seoul, the capital of Korea,
was seated in a public place last January dressed in
her Red Cross uniform. A fellow Red Cross worker
spied her and asked with apparent excitement: "Did
you go to Agnes Scott College?" Pie's amazement
changed to understanding as she caught sight of the
onyx and gold ring on the other's finger and discovered
that she was BETH PARIS MO, of Jacksonville,
Florida. We leave the denouement to your imagina-
tion. Pie is in Chinhae, Korea (in the Southern part)
with a club in what was formerly a Japanese hotel.
"The outside boasts an attractive bamboo and stone
facade. A dell-like rock garden leads to the club
proper. On the first floor are the canteen, library,
lounge, craft shop, barber shop and offices. Upstairs

is the recreation hall with records, games, piano, room
for shows, etc. Some of Pie's programs have been
quiz shows, hill-billy, Korean talent, bingo, checker
and pingpong tournaments, square dances. Twice a
week during the summer the workers went by boat to
Chedo Island, set up as a rest center for swimming,
horseback riding, boating, fishing and hiking. Chinhae
is on the edge of the Japan Sea, surrounded by moun-
tains on all sides. It was a Japanese naval base. Pie
lives in a little Oriental house complete with floor
mats, sliding doors and two hard working Korean
maids. She expects a possible transfer to Japan this
fall and will be glad to see more of the East. Pie
writes stories for the public relations department in
her spare time. Her address is Hq. 6th Div. Art.,
A.P.O. 6, % P.M., San Francisco, Cal.

FANNIE G. MAYSON DONALDSON'S ('12)
husband, Dowse B. Donaldson, has been made an
alderman of the city of Atlanta.

SUSAN GUTHRIE '43 left for London August 20
to be private secretary to the chief personnel officer of
the Office of Inventions and Research.

CARRINGTON OWEN '30 and three of her
friends have a truly unique business, a Baby Formula
Service. "Busy mothers call us giving us the formula
prescribed by their pediatrician. We prepare the
sterile formula and deliver it daily, collecting the
used bottles." As the business grows the girls expect
to give up their other jobs one at a time and make
a fortune. Meanwhile Carrington teaches obstetrics
and is supervisor of the obstetrical department of the
Colorado University School of Nursing. As if 18
hours a day weren't enough, Carrington is working on
a teaching manual to go with Dr. Eastman's (of Johns
Hopkins) textbook for nurses.

AGNES SCOTT TRADITION continued from page 23
Agnes Scott faculty members of PBK were dis-
cussing with the national association the possi-
bility of our admission.

In the spring of 1923, Dr. Voorhees, the pres-
ident of the national association, visited Agnes
Scott for the purpose of "looking us over." On

the day of his arrival, Mr. Armistead died very
suddenly and so did not see the consummation
of his hopes and dreams. For it was not until
sometime during the session of 1925-1926 that
the college received the recognition most desired,
and a chapter of Phi Beta Kappa was established
here.

39

AT OUR HOUSE

VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE AND PLACE-
MENT. Alumnae President Eliza King Pas-
chall has appointed Mary Green '35 to organize
alumnae vocational guidance and placement
work to cooperate more effectively with the
administration's guidance and placement serv-
ices. Qualified alumnae speakers representing
varied occupations will be brought to the cam-
pus throughout the year. A questionnaire to
all alumnae to be used in setting up a new
occupational file is planned. Such a file would
make vocational information and placement
possibilities available for the college adminis-
tration, students and alumnae. We have four
requests in regard to this work: (1) Send sug-
gestions for alumnae speakers to Mary Green
through the Alumnae Office (2) Return the ques-
tionnaire promptly when you receive it (3) If
you work, keep your file of references in the
Registrar's Office up-to-date by having each of
your employers forward a letter of recommenda-
tion to Mr. S. G. Stukes, Registrar. Mr. Stukes
has frequent calls for experienced personnel in

various fields of work and is glad to send recom-
mendations of alumnae to prospective employers.
He is also glad to hear from alumnae interested
in changing jobs and will assist them in securing
the type of work they want. Our new occupa-
tional file showing job experience and graduate
study will enable us to cooperate with Mr.
Stukes in this. (4) If you (or your husband)
are in a position to employ, notify Mr. Stukes
when you have a job to be filled. The Quarterly
may be used to carry requests for personnel or
requests for jobs. Names will be kept confiden-
tial if you desire. The Quarterly is also inter-
ested in descriptions of unusual occupations
alumnae may have. Anyone interested in mer-
chandising or starting a book store should read
Mary Ward's letter in the 1943 Class News in
this issue telling about her work as buyer for
the Book Department in a large store in Detroit.

MOST APT REMARK OF THE YEAR Voice

on the telephone calling the Alumnae Office, "Is
dis de dilemma office?"

40

'HEN YOU VISIT THE CAMPUS. Alumnae
e always welcome on the campus. Write
ugenia Symms, hostess, for advance reserva-
jn in the Alumnae House. A room with
ivate bath is $2.00 a day to active members,
oom without bath (when we get furniture
ir it) is $1.00 a day. Our new Tearoom
[anager, Betty Hayes of Decatur, serves won-
jrful meals here in the house (breakfast and
inch every day and dinners Wednesdays and
ridays from 6 to 7) and is glad to arrange
>ecial parties for alumnae who wish to enter-
in here. For dinner reservations or party ar-
ingements call Cr 5188 or write to Betty,
lumnae are welcome in the college dining
>om, but the college regrets that it must charge
r meals this year. Breakfast is thirty cents and
le other two meals fifty cents each. Advance
;servation should be made.

OST ONE ALUMNA! "I am not lost as
le Alumnae Quarterly claimed. I am right here
i my own home town. The Quarterly was justi-
ed in reporting me among the missing, how-
rer, for I have lost track of people and things
jnnected with Agnes Scott. It won't happen
gain. My excuse is that I have been kept busy
tinding other folks' business as a staff writer
)r the Neivs."

OUND ONE ALUMNA! Recently we re-
ained contact with an alumna who had not been
l touch with the college in 24 years but who
iw a copy of the Quarterly in the home of a
resbyterian minister in New England and wrote
nmediately to the President of the Alumnae
association and several of her classmates.

HERE'S THE SCORE. Last year 1108 mem-
bers of the Association representing 33% of
the graduates and 18% of the total alumnae
contributed $7,095.05 of which $4,779.53 was
undesignated. With this undesignated amount,
the college donation of $2,000 and income from
the house we supported a program of alumnae
services costing one dollar per alumna. This in-
cluded sending one copy of the Quarterly to all
alumnae and the other three copies to contrib-
utors, keeping the office open all year to corre-
spond with hundreds of alumnae, assist clubs
and keep addresses up-to-date, operating the
house and tearoom for alumnae and campus en-
tertaining, and sending representatives to the
national convention of the American Alumni
Council. (For details of our budget see the
Treasurer's Report on page 53.) Alumnae unity
should be worth a dollar a person! High prices
affect the alumnae office like everyone else and
our costs of operation have been estimated at
over $9,000 this year. The college, too, is af-
fected by today's prices. This is reflected in a
raise of $20 a year in tuition and $55 a year
in board effective at Agnes Scott this year. Last
year for the first time since Dr. McCain became
president, the college ran a deficit. The alumnae
of other colleges support budgets of similar size
to ours and make gifts to their college ranging
from $1000 to hundreds of thousands every
year. (For instance, how much does your hus-
band contribute to his college?) Let's raise
our budget and provide at least $5000 toward
the college needs for this year!

ALUMNAE DAY! "Tish" Rockmore Lange
and her committee have not set a definite date
for Alumnae Day yet. Watch for the date in the

41

next Quarterly and plan to attend.

LETTER TO THE EDITOR. "Having read a
copy of the Quarterly at the home of a friend I
am very anxious to get a copy for myself, as
there were several such fine articles in it. I
refer to the Spring 1946 issue. Would it be
possible to send one? I enclose the money.
I was very much struck with the spirit of the
school, such a fine Christian influence on the
girls. If only I had a daughter, I certainly would
send her there. Lacking that I am talking it up
to all my friends!
Very truly yours,
Priscilla Lyle (Mrs. George)
Annapolis, Md."

TO THE HOLTS. A silver bowl, inscribed
"In appreciation, Agnes Scott Alumnae" and
with an old English "H" on the inside, was pre-

sented to Mr. and Mrs. Robert B. Holt in Juru
when Mr. Holt retired. Alumnae will never for
get Mr. Holt's service to the college and Mrs
Holt's years of work in the alumnae garden no
their warm friendliness. Mrs. Holt expresse
appreciation for the gift in a letter saying, "]
will always mean to us friendships that we hoi
very dear." The Holts' address is 301 N. Ma:
ket St., Staunton, Va. Mr. Holt is head of th
chemistry department at Mary Baldwin Collegi

ERRATA. An observing reader called 01
attention to the fact that girls did not wear e;
puffs in 1919 as stated in Campus Carrouse
Spring 1946. The last Quarterly misquoted Ka
Logan Good. She named Miss Hopkins and Mi
Cook as the only resident teachers during tl
construction of Main Building. We printed "tl
only teachers."

CLUB NEWS

AGNES SCOTT CLUBS have an opportunity to
demonstrate the as yet unexpressed fifth ideal of
our college that of service or the application of
the other four to community living. There are
local problems concerned with education, juve-
nile delinquency, welfare or government in
every community to challenge the ability of col-
lege women. Last year several clubs discussed
the responsibility of educated women to the com-
munity. Practical suggestions produced included
furnishing speakers for community groups and
developing a placement service. (See note on
our vocational guidance and placement project
in At Our House in this issue.) The Washington,
D. C. Club plans a meeting this fall to which

husbands will be invited. It has been suggest
that clubs . hold a dinner meeting with oth
alumni groups (men and women) in the sar
city, perhaps organizing a college alumni couni
to work jointly on civic projects of interest to a
Study projects relating to the history and cultu
of other countries have been adopted this ye
by some clubs. Several clubs have increased t
number of meetings to be held this year. A
hope that the work of interesting prospecti
students in Agnes Scott will continue. Mr. Stul
will be glad to furnish literature about the c
lege to be distributed to local libraries and hi
schools. Viewbooks showing the campus as it
now are being sent to all clubs for their memb<
to see.

42

GRANDDAUGHTERS CLUB

The Alumnae Quarterly in 1925 announced
that fifteen alumnae had daughters at Agnes
Scott, three of whom graduated that year. The
editor commented that the college had attained
the age where her daughters could send their
daughters to their own alma mater. The Grand-
daughters Club was organized that year and re-
organized in 1930. Since that time an increasing
number of alumnae have expressed confidence in
Agnes Scott, swelling the number of granddaugh-
ters. Last year there were fifty members. This
year thirty-six of these are back on the campus,
and present records in the office show that there
are ten new students eligible for membership.
Officers for 1946-47 are Caroline Squires, presi-
dent; Lady Major, vice-president; and Katherine
Davis, secretary-treasurer. This year the club is
drafting a constitution and has voted to do some

of the scrapbook work in the Alumnae Office. Tl

club plans a fall picnic for new members liste

below:

Cama Clarkson Cama Burgess Clarkson, '22

Martha Cunningham Eva Wassum Cunnin;

ham, '23

June Brown Davis Margaret Brown Davis, '1

Carol Equen Anne Hart Equen, '21

Clair Foster Gussie Lyons Foster, Acad.

Margaret Glenn Hattie May Finney Glenn, '1

Dorothy Medlock Bessie McCowen Medloc.

Acad.

Phyllis Narmore Nancy Lou Knight Narmon

'27

Jane Oliver Annabel Dowdy Oliver, '24

Catherine Williamson Catherine Montgomei

Williamson, '18

44

HE TRUSTEES OF AGNES SCOTT COLLEGE

le corporation of Agnes Scott College is owned
' the twenty-seven men and women who serve without
mpensation as its Board of Trustees. The charter
ovides for 14 corporate trustees chosen by members
the Board in office as vacancies occur, eleven
nodical trustees chosen by the Board, four of whom
e confirmed by the Synod of Georgia, four by
abama and three by Florida, and two alumnae trus-
| chosen by the Board and confirmed by the Alum-
e Association. Corporate and synodical trustees
ve four-year terms and alumnae trustees two-years.
I are eligible for re-election. The individuals on our
jsent Board are leaders in business, education and
! Church and give generously of their time and en-
;y to the progress of Agnes Scott.

:orge Winship, Atlanta, Ga.

ucated at Donald Fraser School (Decatur, Ga.j,

lory-at-Oxford and Georgia Tech. President, Ful-
Supply Co., Director, Continental Gin Co., Bank
Georgia. Trustee, Berry School, Rabun Gap-

coochee School, Y. M. C. A. metropolitan Atlanta.

!er, Central Presbyterian Church, Atlanta. Treas-

r, Y. M. C. A. Past President ,Atlanta Rotary Club.

lirman, Board of Trustees and Finance Committee.

ties Scott College.

C. Dendy, D.D., Orlando, Fla.

!. Presbyterian College; M.A. University of Tennes-
; B.D. Columbia Seminary; D.D. King College,
iduate work, New College, University of Edinburgh,
tor, First Presbyterian Church, Orlando, Fla.
sident, Kiwanis Club, Orlando. Vice-President,
ando Community Chest. Trustee, Thornwell Or-
nage. Member, University Club, Talent Committee
tral Florida Artist's Series, Faculty and Scholar-
> Committees. Board of Trustees, Agnes Scott Col-

l. Stukes, Pd.D., Decatur, Ga.

. Davidson College;M.A. Princeton; B.D. Prince-
Theological Seminary; (honorary) Pd.D. David-
Phi Beta Kappa. Registrar, Dean of Faculty,
essor of Philosophy and Education, Agnes Scott
ege. Executive Secretary, Faculty Council, Uni-
ty Center of Georgia. Chairman Scholarship Com-
ee, member Facultv Committee. Agties Scott
'd of Trustees.

J. R. Neal, Atlanta, Ga.

Educated at A.& M. College, Madison, Ga. Partner,
Wyatt, Neal and Waggoner. Past president, Georgia
Security Dealers Association. Director, Bank of Geor-
gia. Past Treasurer and Chairman, Board of Deacons,
Druid Hills Presbyterian Church. Member, Capital
City Club, Atlanta Athletic Club, Kiwanis Club, Fi-
nance and Health Committees, Board of Trustees of
Agnes Scott.

Ansley C. Moore, D.D., Mobile, Ala.
B. Ph. Emory University; B.D. Columbia Theological
Seminary; honorary D.D. Southwestern College; grad-
uate work University of Chicago Divinity School, Un-
ion Seminary, New York, Union Seminary, Richmond,
Va. Pastor, Government St. Presbyterian Church,
Mobile, Ala. Trustee Columbia Seminary. Chairman'
Student Work, Synod of Ala., General Assembly's
Advisory Committee on Christian Education. Asso-
ciate Editor, Presbyterian Outlook. Member, Execu-
tive and Scholarship Committees, Agnes Scott Board
of Trustees.

L. L. Gellerstedt, Atlanta, Ga.
B.S. State Teachers' College, Troy, Ala. Executive
Vice-President, Citizens and Southern National Bank.
Past president and director, Atlanta Chamber of Com-
merce. Member of local Advisory Board, Salvation
Army. Trustee, Fulton-DeKalb County Hospital Auth-
ority. Director, Lane Drug Stores, Inc. Deacon, Druid
Hills Baptist Church. Member, The Ten CJub, Atlanta
Athletic Club and East Lake Country Club, Finance
and Health Committees, Agnes Scott Board of Trus-
tees.

John E. Bryan, L.H.D., LL.D., Birmingham, Ala.
A.B. Hampden-Sydney, Ala. Presbyterian College;
LL.D. Howard College; L.H.D. Birmingham-Southern.
Superintendent of Schools, Jefferson County, Alabama.
Director, Community Chest, Southern Education
Foundation, Washington, D. C, Boys' Club, Kiwanis
Club. Past President, Ala. Y. M. C. A., Birmingham
Teachers' Association, Ala. Education Association.
Past chairman, Youth Protective Association. Vice-
chairman, Jefferson County Red Cross. Member,
Community Chest Executive Committee, Committee
Crusade Christian Education, Executive Board State
Training School for Girls, Anti-Tuberculosis Associa-

45

tion, Executive Committee Boy Scouts, Presbyterian
Church. Past Vice-president, National Education Asso-
ciation. Member Faculty and Health Committees,
Agnes Scott Board of Trustees.

William V. Gardner, Th.M., Atlanta, Ga.
Educated at University of Miss, and Southwestern
College. B. D. and Th. M. Union Theological Sem-
inary, Richmond, Va. Graduate study on fellowship
at School of Oriental Research, Jerusalem. Trustee,
Rabun-Gap Nacoochee School, Columbia Theological
Seminary, Y. M. C. A., Atlanta Junior League Speech
School. Chairman of the Board of Columbia Theologi-
cal Seminary and Assembly's Executive Committee of
Home Missions. Pastor, First Presbyterian Church,
Atlanta. Member Executive and Scholarship Commit-
tees, Agnes Scott Board of Trustees.

S. Hugh Bradley, D.D., Decatur, Ga.
B.A. Davidson; B.D. and Th.M. and D. Union Sem-
inary, Richmond, Va. Pastor, Decatur Presbyterian
Church, home church of Agnes Scott College. Chair-
man of Committee of Religious Education, Synod of
Georgia. Member, Executive Committee, Board of
Foreign Missions, Southern Presbyterian Church,
Executive and Faculty Committees, Agnes Scott Board
of Trustees.

D. W. Hollingsworth, D.D., Florence, Ala.

Educated at Southwestern College and Union Semi-
nary, Richmond, Va. Pastor, First Presbyterian
Church, Florence, Ala. Member Health and Scholar-
ship Committees, Agnes Scott Board of Trustees.

C. F. Stone, Atlanta, Ga.

Educated at Georgia Tech. President, Atlantic Steel
Co. Director, Trust Co. of Ga. Elder, North Ave.
Presbyterian Church, Atlanta. Member, Rotary Club.
Finance and Buildings and Grounds Committees, Ag-
nes Scott Board of Trustees.

G. L. Westcott, Dalton, Ga.

Educated at Philadelphia Textile Institute. Treasurer,
Cabin Crafts, Inc. Trustee, Berry Schools, Thornwell
Orphanage, Hamilton Memorial Hospital. Chairman,
Whitfield County Community Chest and Department
of Public Welfare. Director, Hardwick Bank and Trust
Co., Boys' Club. Elder, Presbyterian Church. Mem-
ber, Boy Scout Council, Civitan Club, Masons, Knights
Templar, Shriners, Buildings and Grounds and Nom-
inations Committees, Agnes Scott Board of Trustees.

T. Guy Woolford, Atlanta, Ga.
Educated at Goldey Wilmington Commercial College
Wilmington, Del. LL.B. George Washington Univer
sity. Founder, past manager, secretary, president
chairman of the Board of Retail Credit Co. of Atlanta
Director, Southern Div. American Red Cross during
first World War. Past president and secretary Nationa
Office Management Assn. Past president and director
Community Fund. Past director and vice-president
U. S. Chamber of Commerce. National Councillor
Atlanta Chamber of Commerce. Past president, Geor
gia Forestry Assn. Treasurer, state Y. M. C
Chairman, Finance Committee, Georgia Sunday Schoo
Assn. Director Atlanta Retail Merchants Assn. Trustee
Columbia Seminary. Member, Wage Stabilizatioi
Board, Presbyterian Church, Ga. Bar Assn., America!
Bar Assn., Masons (32nd degree) and Shriners, At
lanta Athletic Club, Piedmont Driving Club, Old Guar<
of Atlanta, Executive and Finance Committees, Agne
Scott Board of Trustees.

Francis M. Holt, Jacksonville, Fla.
Educated by private tutors, formerly of Yale Lai
School. Lawyer and Handwriting Analyst, practicin
with Marks, Marks, Holt, Gray and Yates. Preside!
Children's Home Society of Fla. Past president, K:
wanis Club, Seminole Club, Community War Ches
Director, International Assn. of Insurance Counse
Deacon, Presbyterian Church. Member, Timuquan
Country Club, Jacksonville Bar Assn., Fla. Bar Assn
American Bar Assn., Executive and Health Commi
tees, Agnes Scott Board of Trustees.

John A. Sibley, Atlanta, Ga.
Educated at Georgia Military College. LL.B. Un
versity of Georgia. Chairman of Board and Presidei
of Trust Co. of Ga. Chairman of Board of Trustee
Berry Schools. Trustee, The Lovett School. Preside!]
Atlanta Farmers Club. Elder. Presbyterian Churcl
Member, Capital City Club, Piedmont Driving Clul
Chairman, Nominations Committee and member, F
nance Committee, Agnes Scott Board of Trustees.

E. D. Brownlee, D.D., Sanford, Fla.
Educated at University of Georgia, Southwestern Co
lege, Princeton, Davidson. Pastor, Presbyteria
Church, Sanford, Fla. since 1913. Past chairma
various committees, Synod of Fla. Formerly pasto
Rock Springs Presbyterian Church, Atlanta. Membe
Nominations and Scholarship Committees. Agnes Sco
Board of Trustees.

46

7. Scott Candler, Decatur, Ga.

Educated at Davidson. Commissioner DeKalb County.
Yustee, Davidson. Captain in first World War.
uperintendent Sunday School, Decatur Presbyterian
Ihurch for about 20 years following his father who
/as superintendent for twenty years and his grand-
ather who served for forty years. Grandson of Colonel
Jeorge Washington Scott, one of the founders of
ignes Scott College. Grandfather on original Board
f Trustees of Agnes Scott. Father trustee continuously
sr 49 years. Member, Executive and Buildings and
^rounds Committees, Agnes Scott Board of Trustees.

. J. Scott, Scottdale, Ga.

Educated at University of Georgia. Executive of
/hittier Mills and Scottdale Mills. Member, Presby-
:rian Church. Chairman, Buildings and Grounds
!ommittee, member, Executive Committee, Agnes
cott Board of Trustees.

I 0. Flinn, D.D., Atlanta, Ga.

ducated at Richardson's Military Academy, Mobile,
la.; Southwestern Presbyterian University; Columbia
eminary. Pastor, Roswell, Ga. Presbyterian Church,
irst pastor of North Ave. Presbyterian Church, At-
mta, where he served for more than thirty years,
hairman, Executive Committee, Rabun Gap-Nacoo-
lee School. Trustee, Napsonian School. Former
lember General Assembly's Committee on Home
[issions, chairman Synodical Committee on Evangel-
m, director Atlanta Bible Conference, committee
[ember Federal Council of Churches, moderator
an-Presbyterian Council. Served with Army of Oc-
rpation in Germany in first World War as special
leaker. Member, P. K. A., Friars Club. Chairman,
acuity Committee, member, Nominations Committee,
gnes Scott Board of Trustees.

Irs. Samuel M. Inman, Atlanta, Ga.

ducated at Peace Institute. Formerly president, At-
nta Art Assn., Southern Women's Educational Al-
ance, Atlanta district; vice-president, Cotton States
nd International Exposition; chairman, woman's
>mmittee, Georgia Council of National Defense; di-
ictor Atlanta Chamber of Commerce; director, Ga.
ederation of Women's Clubs; trustee, University
f Ga. War Memorial Fund. Member, Colonial Dames.
AR, Atlanta Woman's Club, York's Club, N. Y..
resbyterian Church. First woman elected member
Agnes Scott Board of Trustees on which she is now

chairman, Health Committee and member. Buildings
and Grounds Committee.

F. M. Inman, Atlanta, Ga.

Educated at the University of Virginia. Formerly,
head of Inman, Aker and Inman; member of William-
son, Inman and Stribling; treasurer, Aldora Mills,
Blount Carriage and Buggy Co.; director Atlanta &
Lowry National Bank; member executive committee,
Oglethorpe University. Member, Presbyterian Church,
Capital City Club, Piedmont Driving and Brookhaven
Clubs. Succeeded to father's place on Agnes Scott
Board of Trustees of which he is now chairman, Execu-
tive Committee and member, Finance Committee.

D. P. McGeachy, D.D., Richmond, Va.

A.B. Davidson; B.D. and M. Th. Union Seminary,
Richmond, Va.; honorary D.D. Davidson; now can-
didate for Th. D. Union Seminary. Retired Presby-
terian minister. Formerly, pastor, Decatur Presby-
terian Church; moderator of the Synods of W. Va.,
Ga.; chairman and organizer of Montreat Ministers
Forum; chairman, Atlanta World Court Committee,
Atlanta Christian Council. President, Montreat Cot-
tage Owners' Assn. Contributor, Christian Century,
Chicago, and various Presbyterian publications.
Author The Rock and the Pit, play presented as thesis
for Th.M. and produced in Charlotte, N. C. 1943 to
audience of 6,000. Poet and writer of hymns. Mem-
ber, Faculty and Scholarship Committees, Agnes Scott
Board of Trustees.

Mrs. R. L. MacDougall, Atlanta, Ga.

A.B. Agnes Scott; special study Assembly's Training
School Richmond, Va., Biblical Seminary of New York
and Cornell. Former instructor Winthrop College.
Rock Hill, S. C. and Miss. Synodical College, Holly
Springs, Miss. Vice President, Atlanta League Women
Voters. Past president Atlanta Agnes Scott Club, Ag- -
nes Scott Alumnae Association. Women's Auxiliary
and educational work in Presbyterian Church. Mem-
ber, Faculty and Buildings and Grounds Committees.
Agnes Scott Board of Trustees.

Mary Wallace Kirk, Tuscumbia, Ala.

A.B. Agnes Scott College. Phi Beta Kappa. Past
president Agnes Scott Alumnae Association; chairman
Southern div. National Y. W. C. A. Council; member
national board Y. W. C. A. and national Y. W. C. A.
Student Council; officer in various Presbyterial and
Synodical organizations. Member, Woman's Cooperat-

47

ing Commission of Federal Council of Churches, Sou-
thern States Art League, Poetry Society of Ala. Artist
well known for etchings depicting Southern life which
have been exhibited in a number of cities including
New York City under auspices of the Studio Guild.
Winner of Poetry Society of Ala. loving cup. Mem-
ber, Nominations and Health Committees, Agnes Scott
Board of Trustees.

Wallace M. Alston, Th.D., D.D., LL.D., Atlanta,
Ga.

B.A., M.A. Emory University; B. D. Columbia Sem-
inary; Th.M. Union Seminary, Richmond, Va.; Th.M.,
Th.D., University of Chicago, Transylvania University,
Columbia University; honorary D.D. Hampden-Syd-
ney; honorary LL.D. Davis and Elkins College. Pas-
tor, Druid Hills Presbyterian Church. Former Director
Young People's Work, Presbyterian Church, U. S.
Contributing Editor The Presbyterian Outlook. Author
The Throne Among tlie Shadows. Member, Phi Beta
Kappa, Omicron Delta Kappa, Alpha Tau Omega,
Pi Delta Epsilon, Tau Kappa Alpha, Executive Com-
mittee of Religious Education and Publication, and
Joint Committee on Student Work, Presbyterian
Church, U. S. Member Buildings and Grounds and
Nominations Committees, Agnes Scott Board of
Trustees.

NECROLOGY Institute

Marguerite Ludlow Shelton's husband died in 1944.

1908
Bessie Sentelle Martin's husband, Dr. Motte Martin,
missionary to the Belgian Congo for forty-three years,
died in Africa in September. Dr. Martin was decorated
three times by the Belgian government for his serv-
ices in the Congo. He was buried in the mission he
founded.

1915
Mary Helen Schneider Head's husband was killed in
an automobile accident near Griffin, Ga. recently.

1916
Malinda Adelaide Roberts died in August.

1919
Elizabeth Lawrence Brobston's husband died last
February in Lake City, Fla.

1922
Alice Whipple Lyons' husband, William Wallace
Lyons, died recently.

1925
Lucile Gause Fryxell's husband, Carl A. Fryxell, pro-
fessor of economics and accounting at Augustana Col-
lege, was drowned in Florida in August.

Mrs. George C. Walters, Atlanta, Ga.
Educated at Agnes Scott Institute. Director, Church's
Home for Girls in Atlanta. Member, Board of Stew-
ards, St. Mark's Methodist Church, Y. W. C. A.,
Sheltering Arms, Tallulah Falls School, Needlework
Guild, Omnibus Service Group. Contributed money
to build Frances Winship Walters Chapel at St. Mark's
Church and $100,000 for infirmary at Agnes Scott,
both of which are awaiting construction. Contributed
$50,000 Frances Winship Walters Foundation used
for scholarships and $5,000 for George C. Walters
Scholarship Fund, Agnes Scott College. Member,
Buildings and Grounds and Nominations Committees,
Agnes Scott Board of Trustees.

James Ross McCain, Ph.D., LL.D., Decatur, Ga.
B. A., M.A. Erskine College; LL.B. Mercer U.; M.A.,
University of Chicago; Ph.D. Columbia U. Honorary
LL.D. Erskine, Davidson, Emory, Tulane. President,
Agnes Scott College. Founder, Darlington School for
Boys. Phi Beta Kappa. Senator United Chapters
P. B. K. since 1937. Trustee, General Education
Board of N. Y. since 1940. Past president, Associa-
tion of Southern Colleges, Southern University Con-
ference, Association of American Colleges, Association
Georgia Colleges. Ex officio on Agnes Scott Board of
Trustees.

1929

Hortense Elton Garver's husband, Commander Carl
Garver, was drowned in September while he and Hor-
tense were sailing on their sloop from Jacksonville,
Fla. to Parris Island, S. C.

Evelyn Wood Owen's eight-year-old daughter died in
August.

1936,
Frances Miller Felts' father, Julian S. Miller of Char-
lotte, N. C, editor of The Charlotte Observer, died
July 28 while he and hfs*family were returning home
from Wrightsville Beach. S. C.

1939
Sara Sloan Schoonmaker's father, C. H. Sloan, died
December 6, 1945.

1943
Lillian Roberts Deakins' father died in Atlanta last
April.

Wallace Lyons Griffin's father, William Wallace Lyons,
died recently.

1944
May Lyons' father. William Wallace Lyons, died re-
cently.

48

ANNUAL REPORTS OF THE ALUMNAE ASSOCIATION

/tinutes of the
annual Meeting

he Agnes Scott Alumnae Association
et on Saturday June 1, 1946 imme-
ately following the Trustees' Lunch-
in.

he meeting was called to order by
le president, Margaret McDow Mac-
ougall, who extended a welcome to
le senior class. She announced that
r ery member of the class had con-
ibuted to the Alumnae Fund, making
the only 100% class.

le stated that her formal report
ould appear in the Quarterly with
ports from other members of the
sard but that she wished to make
veral announcements of interest to
e members. The Association re-
ived $8,000 this year, and there is
iw a balance of $400 in the treas-
y. Our Quarterly for 1945 won
ecial recognition from the Ameri-
n Alumni Council, being one of the
'0 women's college magazines re-
iving honorable mention in the con-
st for "magazine of the year."

le stated that she had appointed a
mmittee to aid the trustees and
culty committees in finding a suc-
ssor to Dr. McCain as President of
;nes Scott. This committee will re-
lin inactive at present as we wish
r. McCain to continue to serve, but
will be glad to receive suggestions
Dm alumnae.

e announced that Mary Jane King
11 be Executive Secretary of the
umnae Association and will continue
Editor of the Quarterly. Eugenia
mms will be Director of the Alum-
e Fund. The alumnae office will re-
lin open during the summer months.

e expressed her thanks to the mem-
rs of the Board for their coopera-
n and work during the year.

change in the Constitution and
-Laws was presented by Elizabeth
inn Wilson and was accepted by the
imbers.

iry Jane King announced that the
imnae office did not have the names

of all the class officers and asked the
aid of those present in securing this
information.

Myrtis Trimble Pate presented a list
of names chosen by the nominating
committee. The following officers were
elected for the new term : President,
Eliza King Paschall; Second Vice-
President, Margaret Ridley; Treas-
urer, Betty Medlock; Publications and
Radio, Lita Goss; House Decorations,
Hattie Lee West Candler; Entertain-
ment, Alice McDonald Richardson;
Alumnae Weekend, Letitia Rockmore
Lange; Second Floor House Commit-
tee, Nelle Scott Earthman Molton.

The meeting was turned over to the
new president, Eliza King Paschall.
She expressed the appreciation of the
association for the service rendered by
bur retiring president, Margaret Mc-
Dow MacDougall. She then intro-
duced the officers elected for the new
term.

The election of Margaret McDow Mac-
Dougall as a member of the Board of
Trustees was ratified by a unanimous
vote of the members present.

Martha Rogers Noble, chairman of the
Entertainment Committee, invited the
members to visit the Alumnae House
after the meeting.

There being no further business the
meeting was adjourned.

Respectfully submitted
Elizabeth Flake Cole,
Secretary

President

The year 1945-46 was one of crisis for
the Alumnae Association as it entered
the second year of the Alumnae Fund
plan. The results are encouraging.
On an enlarged budget and with an
enlarged staff we were able to send
three publications to over 6,000 alum-
nae, an increase of 2,000 more alum-
nae contacted this year. We are now
reaching all graduates and non-grad-
uates of the College, the Institute and
the Academy whose addresses are

known. We increase our mailing list
as adresses are secured for those with
whom we have lost contact.
We are constantly improving the
quality of the publications sent to the
alumnae. The 1945 Quarterly received
national recognition for its illustra-
tions and layout which the American
Alumni Council News stated "mark
a departure from the traditional type
of alumni magazine." The national
Mortar Board Quarterly and Sweet
Briar's alumnae magazine reprinted
two articles from this year's Agnes
Scott Quarterly. The Journal of
AAUW in reporting on a study made
at Radcliffe College compared alum-
nae opinion from that college to alum-
nae opinion as expressed in the Agnes
Scott Quarterly. This national recog-
nition of the work of our Association
encourages us in our attempt to
achieve status among alumni groups
comparable to the status of our college
among other American colleges, and
we believe that such recognition has
a real value for the college.
Another indication of our expansion
is the widening of personal contacts
with other alumni groups. The two
members of our office staff visited the
Alumnae Office of Sophie Newcomb
College in the spring and attended the
national convention of the American
Alumni Council at Amherst, Mass. in
July where they met representatives
from most of the outstanding colleges
in the country. Our Executive Secre-
tary was asked to speak at one of
the sessions of the convention. From
such contacts Agnes Scott alumnae
receive ideas for growth and at the
same time spread a knowledge of
what our college and our Association
are doing.

The response from alumnae to this
expansion of the Association has been
productive. The clubs have gained in
support and two new ones have been
formed. Letters from alumnae every-
where expressing loyalty and interest
in the college have contained sugges-

49

mw

tions for expanding the services of
the Association. A Student-Alumnae
Committee for handling projects con-
cerning both groups has been estab-
lished as a result of such a sugges-
tion. Names of prospective students
have been furnished the registrar.
When the Faculty Committee investi-
gating names for our new president
requested alumnae suggestions, many
were received and alumnae have
proved helpful in furnishing other in-
formation needed by the committee.
This activity has been organized into
a special alumnae committee for se-
curing maximum assistance from
alumnae for the faculty committee or
the trustees.

We now have over 1100 active mem-
bers who have contributed somewhat
over $4,500 in undesignated gifts and
above $2,000 in designated gifts, in-
cluding more than $1,000 collected on
semi-centennial pledges. Our new
plan of requesting voluntary gifts
for the Alumnae Fund in place of
dues has resulted in steady increases
each year. This year we show an in-
crease of $1,121.90 over last year in
undesignated gifts. While this income
is relatively small, it represents the
beginning of a system of organized
consistent giving which we believe will
enable the Association to make sub-
stantial gifts to the college every
year within a short time.
Our largest percentages of active
members are found among the recent
graduates. 75% of the class of 1945
are active members and 100% of the
class of 1946. We try to work more
closely with the students and from
freshman to senior year we provide
various contacts to acquaint them
with the work of the Association while
they are nearby.

I wish to express appreciation for the
fine cooperation and assistance given
me and the Association throughout
the year by Dr. McCain and the col-
lege administration. I am grateful
also for the splendid work of the Ex-
ecutive Board of the Association and
the encouraging support of the whole
body of alumnae.

Margaret McDow MacDougall

Alumnae Quarterly Editor

Editing the Quarterly is requesting
and acknowledging articles, studying
photographs, drawings and type
faces, preparing copy for the printers,
assembling and typing class news,
reading proof, pasting page dummies,
addressing and stuffing envelopes, tie-
ing bundles of Quarterlies sorted by
cities and states. It is all this and
much more. The "more" is perceiving
a purpose and making the magazine
the unified expression of that purpose.
As the organ of the Association, the
alumni magazine is the expression of
its purposes, policies, growth and as-
pirations. Our Alumnae Quarterly
established in the last few years as a
literary-type magazine striving for
general reader interest has merely
expressed the expansion of the Asso-
ciation itself as it comprehended its
broader tasks as a stockholder in the
future of higher education. As the
Association has worked to achieve
greater unity among Agnes Scott
alumnae, a closer relationship between
the alumnae and their alma mater, a
community of interest between our
alumnae and the body of college
trained men and women of our na-
tion, and finally, a deeper realization
of our responsibilities as citizens of a
world community, so the Alumnae
Quarterly has grown beyond a news
bulletin to become a sort of post-grad-
uate course for alumnae to help them
to maintain the high level of thought
entered upon in college and to as-
sume the "responsibilities laid upon
them by their diplomas." Working as
editor of the Quarterly for the past
year has been for me, therefore, an
attempt toward understanding of the
college and of the association and to-
ward expressing the ideals of each.

The means for understanding are the
common channels of communication
participation in the campus life to the
fullest extent possible, attendance at
Agnes Scott club meetings, board
meetings, publications committee
meetings, executive and staff confer-
ences, informal conversations with
alumnae, and study of the publica-
tions of the American Alumni Coun-
cil and of other alumni associations
and of the letters from alumnae.

The opportunities for expression ne
in the unity which the publications
committee wishes the Quarterly to
have. A theme is chosen for each
number this year, "The Will to
Peace," "Women on the Horizon," and
"Liberal Education." Writers are'
chosen from alumnae, faculty mem-
bers, visitors to the campus and out-
siders of some special ability this
year, the editor of The Atlanta Jour-
nal, a columnist of The Washington
Post, the president of The College of
Wooster, the president of the Georgia
League of Women Voters among
others. A new feature "At Our
House" was introduced to acquaint
alumnae with the activities of the
staff. "Campus Carrousel" continues
as the editor's "easy chair," sometimes
not so easy. The section "Alumnae
Here and There" containing special
news of alumnae from various classes
is an attempt to break through the
time walls that separate us into gen-
erations and to awaken a wider in-
terest in alumnae as a whole. It is an
answer to an alumna who wanted to
know what other alumnae are doing.
News of the clubs, the campus, the
faculty and the classes continues.

The fall Quarterly is sent to all alum-
nae on our mailing list whether or
not they ever contribute to the Fund.
This is an attempt to maintain a cer-
tain unity among all our alumnae and
to win the active interest of more of
them for the work of the Association.
We have an exchange list of approxi-
mately 100 who receive all issues.

This year's budget of $2500 enabled
us to continue the 60 page magazine
printed on paper of good quality. Four
issues will be published.

Your support of a Quarterly of high
quality resulted in the 1945 Quarterly
receiving an award of merit for typog-
raphy and layout from the American
Alumni Council and honorable men-
tion for magazine of the year. Copies
of this year's magazine have been sub-
mitted in the contest for 1946.

I wish to express appreciation for the
great helpfulness and cooperation of
the publications committee headed by
Lita Goss and to the art editor,
Leone Bowers Hamilton, for her com-
petent and constant assistance.

Mary J. King

50

Association Approach

Alumnae Response

3 publications to 6000

all Quarterlies to 1108 contributors

20 clubs

Alumnae House Tearoom Garden

Programs: Alumnae Day Commencement

Entertainment : freshmen seniors

Publicity: newspaper radio

personal contacts : board staff others

1108 active members or 18%

letters expressing interest and loyalty

news for Quarterly and office records

$4,799.53 in undesignated gifts

$2,315.52 in designated gifts

interpret college to others

active club members

suggestions for expanding services

The figure drawn above was pre-
sented to the Executive Board as a
chalk talk. The tips of the lines rep-
resenting the approaches and re-
sponses were shown in green to sym-
bolize growth. Green numerals re-
vealed that 2000 were added to the
mailing list and 274 more alumnae

were active contributors to the Asso-
ciation. Two new clubs were organ-
ized and undesignated gifts increased
$1,121.90.

The drawing above shows only the
tangible results of an expanding As-
sociation, but interwoven with these

tangible responses we have observed
a deepening interest in the college, in
other alumni associations and in gen-
eral education as it relates to the af-
fairs of the world.

Eugenia Symms
Executive Secretary

COMMITTEE REPORTS

Student Loan Committee

Members of the Student Loan Com-
mittee, Mrs. Sam Guy, Mrs. Searcy
Slack, Miss Mary Wallace Kirk and
Mrs. Guy Rutland Jr., met in March
and discussed the question of making
a gift of the student loan money to the
college to be administered as they saw
fit. It was to be used preferably for
graduate work. Any designated gift
may be added to this amount at any
time. The committee passed this and
asked that it be presented to the
Board. A recommendation was pre-
sented to the Board to this effect and
was passed. At the June meeting of
the Alumnae Association this recom-
mendation was passed. The Student
Loan Committee was withdrawn from
the constitution.

Marie Simpson Rutland

Chairman

Alumnae Week End

Agnes Scott Alumnae Day was held
on Founder's Day, February 22, 1946.

More than a hundred alumnae gath-
ered in Maclean Chapel to hear a ra-
dio broadcast over WSB which in-
cluded an address by Dr. McCain on
The Postwar Education of Women in
the South and a number of songs by
the Glee Club. Miss Roberta Winter
read the continuity.

Dinner was graciously served by the
college in Rebekah Scott dining hall
to all alumnae and their escorts. The
tables were attractively decorated
with miniature cherry trees, red can-
dles, and red, white and blue hatch-
ets the traditional motif for the
birthday of Col. George Washington
Scott, the founder of Agnes Scott.
Following dinner, coffee was served in
the foyer by the Granddaughters
Club.

The alumnae then enjoyed a visit to
the art gallery where Leone Bowers
Hamilton explained her work which
was on exhibit. A significant feature
of the exhibit was the fact that it
covered the artist's work from her
earliest lessons to the present.

The entire evening's program was
characterized by informality and a
happy holiday atmosphere. Some of
the alumnae present who had not been
privileged to visit the college in many
years were enthusiastic in their
praise of the evidences on all sides of
the growth of their alma mater.
Maey Louise Crenshaw Palmour,
Chairman

Constitution and By-Laws

The committee met during the course
of the year and proposed the following
change in the By-Laws made neces-
sary by a recommendation approved
by the Executive Board to the effect
that the Student Loan Fund be trans-
ferred as a gift from the Alumnae
Association to the college to be ad-
ministered by the college, preferably
for graduate work:

Article III. Officers and Commit-
tees
Section 3. (n) Leave out Student
Loan Committee. Change other
numbering in this section to con-
form.

51

Complete up-to-date copies of the
Constitution were made this year by
the committee, but it is our hope to
have printed or mimeographed copies
made next year after all necessary
changes have been made. It is our
belief that a constitution should be
flexible but not subject to constant
change and should be available in
printed form.

Elizabeth Winn Wilson,
Chairman,

Tearoom

Receipts

Budget current year $ 75.00

Gift from Atlanta Club 14.06

Gift from House Mainte-
nance Fund for redecorat-
ing tearoom or buying
linens 150.00

$239.06
Expenditures

8 uniforms and 9 aprons $ 26.90

Tablecloths and napkins 28.11

Cups and saucers, glasses

and bowls 17.95

Pots and pans 24.70

Other kitchen supplies 30.00

$127.66
Mrs. James Bunnell and Mrs. Ewing
Harris resigned during the summer
of 1945 as Tearoom Managers and
hostesses because of illness. We were
delighted to secure the services of
Mrs. Marie P. Webb who has done a
fine job for the year 1945-46 and who
will continue in the Tearoom for the
year 1946-47.

Louise McCain Boyce

Chairman

Entertainment

Receipts

Appropriation of current

budget ^$ 85.00

Expenditures

Freshmen tea in September. 11.93
Flowers and refreshments

for Alumnae Day 15.00

Senior parties 12.93

Dessert coffee for Senior

Class 36.30

House Decorations

Income

Balance from 1943-44
budget $ 35.57

Balance from 1944-45 allot-
ment 46.24

Allotment for 1945-46 50.00

Miscellaneous gifts 25.00

Total Income $156.81

Disbursements
None

Balance on hand as of

Sept 1, 1946 $156.81

Mary Warren Read,
Chairman

Second Floor House

Two baths were painted last summer
at a cost of $40. With the consent of
the Executive Board at their" meet-
ing in October 1945 this expense was
charged to House Maintenance and
not against the committee's appro-
priation.

Two bedroom chairs were painted at
a cost of $4 and five trash cans were
painted at a cost of $1.50. These ex-
penses were charged to the 1944-45
budget.

At the request of Dr. McCain, the
committee had shades installed in the
college guest room and bath, had two
lamp shades covered and the rug
cleaned. This work was paid for by
the college.

At the beginning of the year the com-
mittee made an inventory of the fur-
nishings of the second floor which is
recorded in the committee's book and
placed on file in the office.
Receipts

Appropriation of current
budget $ 44.50

Designated gift k _ 8.00

$52.50
Expenditures

1 spread $ 8.98

2 pair curtains 11.96

2 blankets 21.90

2 dresser scarves 4.78

1 vanity set 3.98

Garden

Receipts
Appropriation of current

budget $ 50.00

Extra appropriation from

budget for replanting

boxwood 50.00

Gift from Decatur Club 10.00

$110.00
Expenditures
Replanting boxwood (Addi-
tional $50.00 for replant-
ing boxwood was paid by

the college) $ 53.00

Pansies 4.25

Labor 18.60

Repairing of Fountain 3.00

Tools 12.95

Cleaning pool and garden__ 11.00

$102.80

$76.16
Martha Rogers Noble Chairman
Linda Miller Summer Co-Chairman

$51.60
Nell Patillo Kendall,
Chairman

The garden was cleaned in the fall
almost entirely by volunteer labor.
The college, from the summer's allot-
ment for the upkeep, paid the ex-
penses of a very inexperienced but
willing colored boy to supplement the
volunteer help.

In December the work of transplant-
ing and resoiling all the beds and
borders of dwarf boxwoods was be-
gun. Mr. J. R. Adams of Decatur
did the work at a cost of $30 a day
plus $10 for the prepared soil that
was used. All the plants were reset
and trimmed. The college, through
Dr. McCain, offered to pay half of
the expenses of this undertaking; the
rest of the bill was met from the
special $50 grant from the Alumnae
Board made in the fall of 1945. In
appreciation of the college's help, the
boxwood not needed in the garden
were given to the college to be used
in the future around new buildings.
About one hundred and fifty are
heeled out behind East Lawn. The
garden chairman may get plants for
replacements in the alumnae garden
if the need arises.

The only other expense in the fall
was for two hundred pansy plants
which were set in the fourteen beds.
The garden was given a thorough
cleaning in the spring. Ivy around

continued on page 67

52

inance

| am proud to announce that we achieved our goal of $4,500 in undesignated
ifts for 1945-46. Our budget for the coming year calls for a goal of at least
9,000 in undesignated gifts. This does not include our hopes for a surplus
unount for our first annual gift to the college.

INCOME FOR 1945-46

Balance from previous year $1,033.64

College grant $2,000.00

Alumnae Fund

Undesignated gifts * 4,779.53

Designated gifts 256.56*

Rent of hoods, etc 155.25

Interest Life Memberships 75.91

Miscellaneous 260.13

General Income Total $7,527.38

Tearoom rent 80.00

Room rent 583.50

House Income Total 663.50

Total Income $9,224.52

DISBURSEMENTS FOR 1945-46

General Secretary (10 mo.) maintenance and $1,360.00

Editor of Quarterly (8% mo.) 1,062.50

Office Assistant (4% mo.) room and 528 50

Salary Totals $2,951.00

Quarterly I 2,540.94

Fund Reminders 290.05

Postage 529.00

Office supplies 433.13

Telephone 60.06

Dues Am. Alumni Council & AAUW 37.50

Travel National Convention , 200.00

Audit , 1_ 27.50

Miscellaneous 291.40

Office Expense Total 1,049.59

Garden Committee 102.80

Entertainment Committee 89.23

Tearoom Committee 127.66

House Decorations Committee 0.0

Second Floor Committee 51.60

House Up-keep 144.49

Maid 279.25

House Maintenance CO

Insurance 76.50

Electricity (2 years) 120.00

House Expense Total 799.50

Total Disbursements $8,352.11

Total Income $9,224.52

Total Disbursements 1__ 8,352.11

Balance for 1946-47 L_ $ 872.41

* Plus $1,438.96 contributed toward the Semi-Centennial Campaign and $620.00
in other gifts to the college.

Betty Medlock
Treasurer

53

FALL AND WINTER CALENDAR

LECTURES November 2 Investiture Address: Dr. Henry A. Robinson, 11:30 A. M

Presser Hall

4-5 Personal consultant, Miss Elizabeth Osborne, sponsored by Socis
Standards Committee, Mortar Board

6 Carl Sandburg, English Lectures Series, 8:30 P. M., Presser Ha

22 Louis P. Lochner, Lecture Association, 8:30 P. M., Presser Ha

February 1-15 Henry Noble MacCracken, President Emeritus, Vassar Collegi
English Lectures Series

11 Atlanta Junior Club, 8 P. M., Maclean Chapel. Dr. MacCrackei
speaker. All alumnae welcome.

17-21 Religious Emphasis Week, Prof. Donald G. Miller, Union Theo
ogical Seminary, Richmond, Va.

MUSIC

November 11 C. W. Dieckmann, Music Appreciation Hour, 8:30 P. M
Presser Hall

January 20 Hugh Hodgson, Music Appreciation Hour, 8:30 P. M
Presser Hall

March 3 C. W. Dieckmann, Music Appreciation Hour, 8:30 P. M

Presser Hall

28-29 Gilbert and Sullivan Operetta, 8:30 P. M., Presser Hall

ART

November 2-9 University of Georgia Student Art Exhibit

9-26 Silk Screen Portraits of Artists by Harry Sternberg

DANCING
DRAMA

February 15 Dance Recital, 8:30 P. M., Presser Hall

November 27 Blackfriars Play, 8:30 P. M., Presser Hall

December 11 Clare Tree Major production. The Merchant of Venic
8:30 P. M., Presser Hall

February 27 Blackfriars Play, 8:30 P. M., Presser Hall

HOLIDAYS

Dec. 14Jan. 2
February 22
March 15-20

Christmas Holidays
Founder's Day
Spring Holidays

All announcements should be verified before the date scheduled j
avoid inconvenience resulting from cancellations and postponement

UMNAE ASSOCIATION ACNES SCOTT COLLEGE

COST

Assn cost i

per alumna

40c _y

Assn. cost
per alumna
79c_/

Assn. cost
per alumna

$1.00 ,

Estimated

cost
per alumna
$1.40 y

1943-44

1944-45

1945-46

1946-47

INCOME

Gifts

per alumna

solicited

61c

Gifts "\
per alumna
solicited
. 79c y

$1.50 \
per alumna
will meet
Fund Goal of
X $9,000 /

FOUR YEAR
FINANCIAL SUMMARY
FROM THE TREASURER
AND FUND DIRECTOR

1085 alumnae did this with gifts rang-
ing from 25c to $100 averaging $4.40.

two ways of balancing the budget

6000 X $1.50 - $9,000

or

2 (1085) X $4.40 = $9,000

TAKE A CLOSER LOOK AT LAST YEAR 1945-46

represents number of contributors out of number solicited

college
graduates

non-graduates

institute

academy

YOU ARE SOMEWHERE IN ONE OF THESE CIRCLES

IF you have NOT contributed to I
ALUMNAE FUND- since July I, ioj
send your gift today so that you <A
not miss the NEXT QUARTERLY.

SUPPLEMENT TO THE AGNES SCOTT ALUMNAE QUARTERLY AUTUMN 19^6

\ /

THE AGNES SCOTT

ALUMXAE QUARTERLY

THE ARTS TODAY

SPRING 194 7

COVER: VAN GOGH. VINCENT THE STARRY NIGHT.

1889. oil. 29 x 36/4". collection of the museum of modern art, new york, through

THE LILLIE P. HLISS REQUEST. THIS PICTURE IS INCLUDED IN THE LOUISE G. LEWIS ART COLLECTION.

THE MEASURE OF MAN'S TRUTH

"What is truth?" asked Pilate teasingly. Truth is whatever exists ulti-
mately. For the believer, it is God and the whole universe of His crea-
tion. He made all and is in all. But man sees God through a glass
darkly. Man's truth is imperfect. Art is the measure of man's truth
the truth he sees and the truth about him. Beauty is a derivative rather
than the object of art. For art is truth and truth is beauty. Truth is the
object of science and science is the method of art. For example, the
movement, rhythm, and balance of music, architecture, poetry or paint-
ing is achieved partly by mathematics. The art of today shows the
mastery of space and substance which the science of today has given
it. The painter can show all sides of an object at once on a flat sheet
of paper partly because science has given him aeronautics. We be-
gin to see that the art of our time which has seemed strange to us is a
key to living with understanding in the age of the rocket, radar and
atomic energy. Because this art is still strange to us and because we
believe its significance for the times, this Quarterly assembles ar-
ticles by eminent contemporary artists in the various art fields who
are capable and eager to explain the art expression of today. They
have not attempted to evaluate any individual or movement, but they
hope to establish some basis for understanding current art.

The Editor

Published four times a year (November, February, April and July) by the Alumnae Association of Agnes Scott College at Decatur,
Georgia. Contributors to the Alumnae Fund receive the magazine. Yearly subscription, $2.00. Single copies, 50 cents. Entered as
second-class matter at the Post Office of Decatur, Georgia, under Act of August 24, 1912.

This is the second in a series of three quarterlies for this year.

THE AGNES SCOTT ALUMNAE QUARTERLY

" Art is the measure of mans truth.
Agnes Scott College, Decatur, Ga.

Spring 1947
Volume 25 No. 2

lary Jane King EDITOR

umnae association officers

Eliza Kinc Paschall '38 president

Lulu Smith Westcott '19 1st vice-president

Marcaret Ridley '33 2nd vice-president

Elizabeth Flake Cole '23 recording secretary

Betty Medlock '42 treasurer

unnae trustees
Marcaret McDow MacDougall '24
Frances Winship Walters, Inst.

bmnae committee chairmen
Elizabeth Winn Wilson '34
Jean Chalmers Smith '38
Lita Goss '36

Hattie Lee West Candler, Inst.
Nelle Scott Earthman Molton '38
Lucile Dennison Wells '37
Charlotte E. Hunter '29
Letitia Rock more Lance '33
Alice McDonald Richardson '29

AT (II R 11(11 SK

THE ARTIST IN OUR SOCIETY Stephen C. Pepper 3

Alfred H. Barr, Jr. 6

PAINTING

BALLET

POETRY

ARCHITECTURE

MUSIC

NEW BOOKS

CAMPUS CARROUSEL

PERSONALLY SPEAKING

ALUMNAE HERE AND THERE

NECROLOGY

CLASS NEWS

ALUMNAE FUND REPORT

Elizabeth Stevenson 15

Lloyd Frankenberg 19

Walter Gropius 25

Marion Bauer 28

Elizabeth Stevenson 34

36

38

40

43

45

inside back cover

J members
Mary Jane King

Eugenia Symms

Emily Hiccins
Betty Hayes

typography by

Leone Bowers Hamilton '26
Peggy Pat Horne '47

at our house

at last REUNIONS ! This year, May will be a happy
time for Agnes Scott and 657 of her alumnae who are
invited back for class reunions at commencement. The
lucky 657 belong to the classes of '98, '99, 1900, '01,
'17, '18, '19, '20, '36, '37, '38, '39, and '46. One of
the dormitories will be open to alumnae, the only catch
being that you must bring your own sheets, pillow
cases, and towels. Just add your tooth brush, pyjamas,
hair curlers, good dress, and pictures of your husband
and children and fly, motor, walk or swim to Agnes
Scott for the week end beginning Saturday, May 31.
The fun will begin with registration and refreshments
at the Alumna? House, campus tours, a conclave of
class officers, the Trustees' Luncheon, annual meeting
of the Association, an alumnae-faculty party in the
Alumnae Garden, Class Day exercises, Class Reunion
Dinners, and an evening entertainment by the Music
Department. There will be an outstanding speaker for
the annual meeting to be announced later. Sunday
will include the baccalaureate sermon, the deans' cof-
fee, senior vespers, and the alumnae dessert party for
seniors and alumnae. Graduation exercises will be
Monday morning. There will be lots of time for special
gatherings of reunion classes or small groups of
friends. There will be no charge for dormitory rooms,
but there is a small charge for any meals taken in the
college dining room. Active members of the Alumna;
Association of all classes will receive invitations to the
Trustees' Luncheon. All members of Reunion Classes
will receive letters from their class president with more
details of the big week end. This is the first call for
fun at commencement!

About the questionnaire. We are proud of your
response to the President's questionnaire. You have
given us months of work to get our files and addressing
stencils up to date, to study and compile your com-

ments and suggestions. The Vocational Guidance Com-
mittee is at work, a new Education Committee is being
appointed, and the Quarterly editor is assembling the
exciting news from the questionnaires for the next
issue. It was not possible to organize any of the
material from them in time for this issue, but next time
there'll be news of people you haven't heard from in
years. If you belong to that tardy minority, join the
majority now and get your questionnaire in the sum-
mer news round-up. There is no report yet from the
Vocational Guidance Committee, but here are two
samples of opportunities for mutual aid:

Alumna with administrative and auditing experi-
ence, creative writing ability, an English major
and a strong interest in history, is interested in a
job involving research, newspaper or advertising
work.

Alumna states that there is an opening in the in-
surance department of an Atlanta real estate firm
for a secretary. "It is a good job. The organiza-
tion is small, and they have a congenial office
group."

One alumna has listed on her questionnaire the things
she would like to know about present-day Agnes Scott.
We are using her questions as a guide for writing
college news in the future.

Founders Day. Alumnae in Lynchburg, Bristol,
Gainesville, Fla., Columbia, S. C, Dayton, Tenn. and
elsewhere reported hearing the broadcast. The New
York Club sent greetings by telegraph, and so far re- \
ports from 27 clubs which met in February have come
in. We are waiting until next issue to tell you about
the meetings when we have heard from all clubs. ]
Representatives from our alumnae were invited to
Emory University's Charter Day dinners in February
in Chattanooga and at Emory. Agnes Scott always
enjoys "socializing" with other college groups.

continued on page 44l

THE ARTIST IN OUR SOCIETY

STEPHEN C. PEPPER

Stephen C. Pepper holds the B.A., M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from Harvard, is Professor of Philosophy. Chairman of
the Department of Art and Assistant Dean of the College of Letters and Sciences at the University of California He
u the author of Modern Color (1919), Aesthetic Quality (1938), Knowledge and Society (1938), and
World Hypotheses (1942). His articles appear in The Psychological Review, Journal of Philosophy
Ihe Philosophical Review and Parnassus.

Art like food serves many functions. It is a
source of pure delight, it gives nourishment to
the mind, it is a means of communication, it is a
medium of expression for the emotions, it has
herapeutic properties, it is a stimulus of self-
consciousness in a society holding a mirror up
o the mores and fashions of the time, it is,
inally, the most permanent monument of a dead
ivilization.

Every work of art does not perform all of
hese functions at once, or in equal proportions,
some of these functions may not be intrinsic to
he beauty or aesthetic value of the work, but in

GROPPER, WILLIAM: THE SENATE.
1935. oil. 25K x 33!s". collection of

THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART, NEW YORK.

the nature of accidental by-products of that
beauty, though nonetheless socially significant.
Suppose we pick out two contrasting functions
which permeate in various degrees most of the
others, and which probably are intrinsic to the
beauty or aesthetic value of works of art. Let
one of these be the function of delight, the other
that of release from emotional tension and suf-
fering. Let us then speak of the art of delight
and of the art of release.

A few examples will bring out the contrast of
type which I have in mind. Take a beautifully
laid out park like Central Park in New York or
the Golden Gate Park in San Francisco. This
is a work of art of pure delight. But a beautiful
cemetery like Sleepy Hollow, where Emerson
and Hawthorne and Thoreau are buried, is a
work of art of release from sorrow. A
landscape of Monet's of hazy sunlight
playing on foliage and water is a work
of pure delight. But the landscape of
El Greco's of stormy clouds gathering
behind the city of Toledo is a work of
release. A portrait of a mother and child
by Renoir with the softness of love
uttered in the very scintillation of his

colors is a work of delight. But a picture of one
of the terrors of war by Goya is a work of re-
lease. Midsummer Night's Dream is a work of
delight. But Macbeth is a work of release. And
so on.

In most works of art there is some of both
delight and release. But the proportions of one
generally preponderate over the other. There is,
of course, satisfaction in both these sides of art,
otherwise the works would not be endured or
even produced. But the satisfaction of pure
delight comes like sunlight or the odors of flow-
ers directly to us without any underlying pain,
whereas the satisfaction of release is based on
suffering and a tension of the emotions which the
work of art releases. The satisfaction in the art
of release comes from a relaxation of tension.
One must have suffered oneself to appreciate the
art of release. Such art is close to religion in its
effects. In fact, all religious art is of this type,
and much of this type of art is religious in origin.
To those who appreciate it, the art of release
seems deeper, more significant, more serious
than the art of delight. To some such people the
art of delight seems trivial and frivolous. But to
those who prefer the art of delight, the art of
release often appears morbid. Both types of art,
however, are obviously of significance and value
and it is better to try to appreciate and under-
stand them than to try to depreciate either in
favor of the other.

The distinction between the two, however, is
very useful in giving us some insight as to the
place of the artist in our present society in com-
parison with his place in other societies. For in-
stance, at the time of the great achievement in
Persian art, the artist's function seemed to be
chiefly that of contributing to the beauty of a

luxurious and prosperous court. So much so,
that the phrase "art of pure delight" immediately
suggests Persian art to most of us. In the Middle
Ages, however, the function of the artist was
chiefly that of serving the Church, so that in-
evitably he produced largely an art of release.
Religious art is for most of us almost synonymous
with the art of the Middle Ages.

Now, today and in the recent past what has
been the artist's predominant function? Imagine
a person three hundred years from now looking
back on the nineteenth and twentieth centuries,
what would he be likely to say of the art of these
centuries? We are too close to our times to make
an accurate summary. But it may benefit us to
try to make one. ,

Could not we say with some probability that
the art of these two centuries was not so purely
for delight as among the Persians of the great
period, nor so completely for release as in the
Middle Ages, but that nevertheless the nineteenth
century tended to stress the function of pure de-
light, and the twentieth century is tending to
stress the function of release from suffering?

In both these centuries the artist has, for the
most part, been left to himself. There has never
been a more individualistic period for the artist.
Neither court, nor Church, nor private patron has
controlled him. Only lately has the totalitarian
state set up a control, but this is still not the
dominant feature of twentieth century culture.
Outside of Soviet controlled areas it is still
frowned upon. Artists do now often complain of
their isolation just as in the eighteenth century
they used to complain of their dependence on
patrons. But it is clear that in the individualistic
areas they are still very jealous of their in-
dependence. They want to be free to create as

4

they feel like creating. It seems probable, there-
fore, that the individualism of the artist so char-
acteristic of the nineteenth century will continue
through the twentieth. But this individualism
seems likely to be turned in other directions.
With two devastating world wars in the recent
past in close succession having filled the world
with such a quantity of suffering as has not been
seen for many centuries, and with a long period
}f reconstruction ahead at best, and at worst,
mother still more devastating war or the threat
)f war, the craving of the people will be for relief
rather than for pure delight, and the artist will
lot be unresponsive.

We probably should expect, then, an indi-
vidualistic art, as was the art of the nineteenth
jentury (and even Soviet art may have to submit
o this pressure), but it will be largely an art of
elease rather than an art of delight. Perhaps
:ven the cinema may be forced by public demand
o become somewhat serious. The sensuous
erenity of men like Renoir and Monet in paint-
ng or Debussy in music and tbe intellectual and
ormal aloofness of the high abstractionists in
ainting and of the corresponding imagists in
loetry will probably not recur in the century
head. The precursors of what we have to ex-
lect are perhaps the dramatic and tragic recent

works of Picasso such as his Guernica; but, I
suspect, accompanied with a resurgence of pos-
sibly a very powerful realism that may remind
us of Giotto. A new functional and plastically
sensitive architecture is clearly about to take
possession of our cities. The passive Renaissance
architecture of charm and luxury so long relaxed
in the security of its classic columns can hardly
outlast the wealth of the present older generation.
The individualistic architect has after all been
slow in appearing. The coming age may be the
great age of individualistic designs in architec-
ture, with the architect at last free from the
domination of the Parthenon. And music has
perhaps only just come of age. For only in this
century is the composer free to use tones in any
scale, with or without tonality in any timbre, in
any rhythm, in any form. And amazingly enough
the bewildered public only mildly objects and
listens with respect. But the substance of this
music will probably be deeply emotional and
moving.

These are thoughts flown from a rooftop into
the haze. They may never alight in reality. But
they will perhaps at least lead us to discriminate
some movements from our own present tem-
porary point of vantage.

Art is never a duplicate; it is an equivalent, a stimulant, even an intoxicant." John Mason
Brown at Agnes Scott, April 1946.

WHAT
IS

MODERN
PAINTING?

ALFRED H. BARR, JR.

The author is Director of Research in Painting
and Sculpture of The Museum of Modern Art.
He holds the B.A. and M.A. degrees from Prince-
ton and has taught at Vassar, Harvard, Princeton
and Wellesley. The pictures in this issue and
the text of this article from the author's booklet of
the same title are used by permission of the
Museum and the author. Mr. Barr is editor with
Holger Cahill of Art in America (1936) and is a
member of the editorial boards of The Art
Bulletin and The Magazine of Art.

This article is intended for people who have
had little experience in looking at paintings,
particularly those modern paintings which are
sometimes considered puzzling, difficult, incom-
petent or crazy. It is intended to undermine
prejudice, disturb indifference and awaken in-
terest so that some greater understanding and
love of the more adventurous paintings of our
day may follow.

What is modern painting? It is not easy to
answer this question in writing, for writing is
done with words while paintings are made of
shapes and colors. The best words can do is to
give you some information, point out a few
things you might overlook, and if, to begin
with, you feel that you don't like modern paint-
ing anyway, words may possibly help you to
change your mind. But in the end you must
look at these works of art with your own eyes
and heart and head. This may not be easy, but
most people who make the effort find their lives
enriched.

The variety of modern art reflects the com-

plexity of modern life; though this may give us
mental and emotional indigestion, it does offer
each of us a wide range to choose from.

But it is important not to choose too quickly.
The art which makes a quick appeal or is easy
to understand right away may wear thin like a
catchy tune which you hear twice, whistle ten
times and then can't stand any more.

It is just as important not to fool yourself.
Don't pretend to like what you dislike or can't
understand. Be honest with yourself. We don't
all have to like the same things. Some people
have no ear for music; a few have no eye for
painting or say they haven't because they are
timid or don't want to make the effort.

Yet everybody who can see has an eye for
pictures. Most of us see hundreds every week,
some of them very good ones too photographs
in newspapers and magazines, cartoons, illustra-
tions and comics, advertising in busses and sub-
ways: Joe Palooka Happy Nazi Prisoners Buy
Sweetie Pie Soap Buck Rogers Vote for McLevy
Herman Scores in Third Wreck Near Trenton

ilowie The Pause That Refreshes pictures
vhich try to get you to buy this or that, tell you
iomething you will forget tomorrow or give you a
noment's lazy entertainment. (And do you re-
nember the pictures on the walls of your home?)

When you look at the pictures in this maga-
ine you may be upset because you can't under-
tand them all at first glance. These paintings
re not intended to sell you anything or tell
ou yesterday's news, though they may help you

understand our modern world. Some of them
lay take a good deal of study, for although we
ave seen a million pictures in our lives we may
ever have learned to look at paintings as an art.
or the art of painting, though it has little to do
ath words, is like a language which you have
) learn to read. Some pictures are easy, like a
rimer, and some are hard with long words and
omplex ideas; and some are prose, others are
oetry, and others still are like algebra or
eometry. But one thing is easy, there are no
Dreign languages in painting as there are in
jeech; there are only local dialects which can
e understood internationally, for painting is a
ind of visual Esperanto.

The great modern artists are pioneers just as
re modern scientists, inventors and explorers,
his makes modern art both more difficult and
ften more exciting than the art we are already
sed to. Fulton, Holland, the Wright brothers
iffered neglect, disbelief, even ridicule. Read
le lives of the modern artists of sixty years ago,
Whistler or van Gogh for instance, and keep an
pen mind about the art you may not like or
nderstand today. Unless you can look at art
ith a certain spirit of adventure, the pioneer
rtists of our own day may suffer too. This might
e your loss as well, for you might miss some-

thing of more importance than you can now
realize.

Perhaps you feel that these pictures have little
to do with everyday lives. This is partly true;
some of them don't, and that is largely their
value by their poetry they have the power to
lift us out of humdrum ruts. But others have a
lot to do with ordinary life: vanity and devotion,
joy and sadness, the beauty of landscape, ani-
mals and people, or even the appearance of our
houses and our kitchen floors. And still others
have to do with the crucial problems of our
civilization: war, the character of democracy
and fascism, the effects of industrialization, the
exploration of the subconscious mind, the revival
of religion, the liberty and restraint of the
individual.

The artist is a human being like the rest of
us. He cannot solve these problems except as
one of us; but through his art he can help us
see and understand them, for artists are the sen-
sitive antennae of society.

Beyond these comparatively practical matters
art has another more important function: the
work of art is a symbol, a visible symbol of the
human spirit in its search for truth, freedom and
perfection.

First, let us look into some of the possibilities
of realism. In the more realistic pictures you can
recognize the subject matter or at least the things
shown in the picture, without any more strain or
trouble than if you were looking through a win-
dow, or in a mirror or at a photograph. But a
camera can do this with much less trouble and
time. It is not so much the skill of hand or the
illusion of reality which makes works of art; it
is the sensitiveness, originality and discrimina-
tion shown in selecting, arranging and painting

the subject that distinguishes realistic paintings
to a greater or lesser degree from photographs.
Realists are discoverers. Because they depend
so much upon the world of actuality they often
look for new and exciting things to paint, new
points of view sometimes exciting only to
them at first, and then, after we have seen their
paintings, exciting to us who can join their
discovery.

You can tell at a glance at Gropper's The
Senate (see p. 3) what he wants to say. He is
ruthless in his demolition of pomposity or pride.
William Gropper avoids detail and slashes in his
characters with bold strokes. Their attitudes and
gestures betray them the feet on the chair, the
oratorical arm-flinging.

The realists and impressionists are concerned
primarily with the actual world which we see
before our eyes. They may choose an infinite
variety of subjects and these subjects they may
paint literally or broadly, with pleasure in accu-
rate facts and the thoughts these facts suggest.
But the paintings remain essentially a record of
the world outside ourselves.

We all know that there are other worlds be-
sides this outer world of fact. There is the world
of the mind, the world of the emotions, the world
of the imagination, the world of the spirit. These
exist within us, or, at least, we know of them
from internal evidence which the artist tries
to make visible and external.

Paintings by such masters as van Gogh and
Marin emphatically express the transforming
action of these inner feelings upon the images or
forms of the outer world. These paintings are
actually called expressionist, but there are other
kinds of nonrealistic paintings under various
names such as cubism and surrealism. Some-

times they are hard to understand until we learn
what the artist is driving at, or, simply, until we
get used to his art and begin to like it.

Vincent van Gogh's Starry Night (see cover)
was painted at a critical moment. For years his
art had been a battleground between fact and
feeling, between the outer world of the senses,
which the impressionists painted, and the inner
world of emotion, which lies behind much ex-
pressionist painting. In the Starry Night expres-
sionism won. The heaving line of hills, the
flaming cypress trees, the milky way turned to
comets, the exploding stars, all are swept into
one grand, swirling universal rhythm. Of course
van Gogh did not see these things this way but
he painted them this way, impelled by the over-
whelming emotion of a man who is ecstatically
aware of cosmic or divine forces. In a letter to
his brother, after writing of his interest in a
realistic street scene, he confessed: "That does
not prevent me from having a terrible need
of shall I say the word religion. Then I
go out to paint the stars . . ."

Lower Manhattan (see p. 17) the roar of
the El, the fifty-story buildings scraping the
sky John Marin felt the excitement of the
scene and he painted it not the scene so much
as his excitement, breathlessly, using great slash-
ing, zigzag strokes blue, scarlet and yellow
for the angles of the buildings and even for the
sky.

Take away the subject matter of most realists
and you have comparatively little left. But the
colors, shapes and lines of the expressionists
have a life of their own which can survive without
any subject at all.

It was Paul Gauguin, the business man turned
artist, who helped van Gogh free himself from

8

ealism. Gauguin (like Whistler) understood
learly that the design, the "form," of a picture
ould he beautiful in itself. Gauguin, writing in
re 1890s, uses the word "musical" because
lusic is composed of rhythms and harmonies
diich can be beautiful though they do not de-
cribe a scene or tell a story.

Many of the best and most original painters
f the following generation carried these ideas
irther. Henri Matisse, for instance, changed the
olor and forms of nature just as much as he
leased in order to compose freely his harmonies
f color and line. Matisse wrote:

What I am after above all is expression . . .
the whole arrangement of my picture is expres-
sive . . . composition is the art of arrangement
in a decorative manner . . . for the expression
of what the painter wants . . . What I dream
of is an art of balance, of purity and serenity,
devoid of any troubling subject matter . . .
like a good armchair in which to rest from
fatigue.

Other painters, Kandinsky among them, turned
ieir backs on nature entirely and painted with-
nt any subject or recognizable object at all.
andinsky called his more important and care-
illy painted pictures "compositions"; his more
isual pictures "improvisations."

Of his work Kandinsky said: "The observer
mst learn to look at the pictures ... as form
id color combinations ... as a representation
E mood and not as a representation of objects."

So, painting reached the double goal of com-
lete freedom and "musical" purity. But these
ttreme advances had involved serious sacrifices
3th of human interest and controlled design.

There were other artists living at the same

time who thought more in terms of geometry,
structure or architecture. And the architect,
when he designs a building does not need to
describe a scene, depict an object or tell a story
any more than does the composer of a symphony.
Sixty years ago two great masters, Paul Cezanne
and Georges Seurat, led the way in this struc-
tural painting: Cezanne by a method of per-
sistent trial and error; Seurat by elaborate
calculation.

Cezanne had been one of the impressionists
but he felt that their paintings were too flimsy
and casual. He said: "I wish to make of im-
pressionism something solid and enduring like
the art of the museums," for, like most good
modern artists, he had the greatest respect for
the old masters. In Cezanne's paintings construc-
tion by lines and planes was important.

Cubism is a process of breaking up, flattening
out, angularizing, cutting in sections, making
transparent, combining different views of the
same object, changing shapes, sizes and colors
until a fragment of the visual world is com-
pletely conquered and reconstructed according
to the heart's desire of the artist.

There were many artists who, like Mondrian,
started as cubists but went further than the
cubists toward an abstract art in which no trace
of nature is left. Piet Mondrian was Dutch by
birth and loved cleanliness and fine workman-
ship. He liked cities with their rectangular pat-
terns of streets, buildings, windows. The Com-
position in White, Black and Red (see p. 12),
which seems so simple, took months to paint;
for each rectangle is a different size, each black
line a different thickness, and the whole is put
together and adjusted to a hair's-breadth with
the conscience and precision of an expert en-

gineer though with this fundamental differ-
ence: that the engineer works for practical re-
sults, Mondrian for artistic results which in
his case might be called the image of perfection.

Yet Mondrian's pictures almost in spite of
themselves have achieved practical results to an
amazing extent. They have affected the design
of modern architecture, posters, printing layout,
decoration, linoleum and many other things in
our ordinary everyday lives.

The realists were concerned with visual facts
and their connotations; the impressionists with
effects of light; the expressionists with the
emotional or decorative distortion of natural
shapes and colors, sometimes eliminating objects
entirely in favor of "musical" color; the cubists
transformed natural images into compositions of
angular planes which in certain pictures became
abstract geometric designs; but, after you've
taken a deep breath, there is still another kind
of painting which is very old but which modern
artists have explored with enthusiasm during re-
cent years. These works have no generally ac-
cepted name: some of them are called romantic
and some surrealist. Their appearance is con-
fusing because many techniques are used, from
almost abstract to photographically realistic.
But they have one important factor in common,
for they are born of the poetic imagination and
their effects are poetic in the broad sense of the
word, no matter what techniques are used. In-
stead of depending on description like the real-
ists, direct emotional effects like the expression-
ists or formal design like the cubists, these artists
evoke our love of the mysterious or romantic,
the strange and astonishing, the dreamlike.

Night is the mother of mysteries. Charles
Burchfield's Night Wind (see p. 31) is painted

with a naive expressionism, evoking a memory
of his own childhood: "To the child sitting
cosily in his home the roar of the wind outside
fills his mind full of strange visions and phan-
toms flying over the land."

It is the atmosphere of the dream which
Giorgio de Chirico and Salvador Dali have tried
to create in their pictures. In Nostalgia of the
Infinite (see p. 19), one looks out of darkness
upon a huge tower before which stand two tiny
figures. They cast long shadows in the unearthly
light. Over all is a trance-like silence and
suspense.

Today, among people interested in art, the
ideas of simplicity, spontaneity and artistic
purity are no longer revolutionary. In fact they
have become so orthodox and academic that they
have considerably influenced our school and
college teaching. Art is always in a state of
revolution, sometimes gradual, sometimes sud-
den. And, just as in politics, revolutionary ideas
in art, after they are generally accepted, be-
come a part of conservative opinion which in
turn has to defend itself against a new revolu-
tion. Some twenty-five years ago a revolutionary
return to subject interest, historical, social and
political, began in painting with a revival of
elaborate allegory and symbolism.

On April 28, 1937, the ancient and hallowed
Spanish town of Guernica was destroyed by
German planes flying for General Franco. The
Luftwaffe was said to have been very pleased
with the night's work: about a thousand
people one out of eight were killed. It was
the first "total" air raid.

Two days later the Spaniard, Picasso, took
an artist's revenge; he began work on his
Guernica (see p. 11), a huge mural canvas near-

10

VH^Vv^

'

PICASSO. PABLO: GUERNICA MURAL. MAY-EARLY JULY, 1937.

OIL. 11' 6" X 25' 8". ON EXTENDED LOAN TO THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART, NEW YORK.

twenty-six feet long, commissioned by the
Republican Government for the Spanish build-
ing at the Paris World's Fair.

The artist has given no exact explanation of
Guernica, but the general meaning of the allegory
s clear. At the right, a woman, her clothes on
fire, falls shrieking from a burning house, while
mother rushes in toward the center of the pic-
ure, her arms flung wide in despair. At the
eft is a mother with a dead child in her arms,
md on the ground are the fragments of a
sculptured warrior, one hand clutching a broken
sword. In the center, a dying horse sinks to his
:nees, his screaming head flung back, his back
)ierced by a spear dropped from above like a
)omb. To his left a bull stands imperturbably
surveying the scene. Over all shines a radiant
;ye with an electric bulb for a pupil, symbolizing
light. Beneath it to the right a figure leaning
Erom a window bears witness to the carnage, the
amp of truth in her hand.

In painting Guernica Picasso used only black,
white and grey, the grim colors of mourning.
But otherwise he has made full use of the special
weapons of modern art which during the previous
thirty years he himself had helped to sharpen:
the free distortions of expressionist drawing,
the angular design and overlapping transparent
planes of cubism, surrealist freedom in the use
of shocking or astonishing subject matter.
Picasso employed these modern techniques not
merely to express his mastery of form or some
personal and private emotion but to proclaim
publicly through his art his horror and fury
over the barbarous catastrophe which had de-
stroyed his fellow countrymen in Guernica (and
which was soon to blast his fellow men in
Warsaw, Rotterdam, London, Coventry, Chung-
king, Sebastopol, Pearl Harbor and then, in retri-
bution, Hamburg, Milan, Tokio, Berlin and
Hiroshima).

The Guernica is a dramatic statement about

11

one of the world's most urgent problems: war
and its effect upon humanity. It refers to great
happenings outside the picture. It shows us
the impact of war upon the defenseless civilian
or the machine-mangled soldier. Yet it is not
superficial propaganda, a poster to catch the
passing eye. It is the work of a man profoundly
moved hy a great and terrible event and eager
to tell the truth about it with all the resources
of modern painting.

The greatness of a painting does not depend
upon its ambitious scale, the importance of its
subject, nor upon its "human interest" and
emotional content, nor yet upon its fine design
and color. Any one of these factors may con-
tribute toward a painting's value. If all are
present, so much the better, but even that total
will not necessarily make a great painting. In-
deed, they may all be added together to form a
faultless but mediocre and tedious work. Ex-
cellence in a work . of art is not a matter of
accumulation or quantity but of the quality of
the work as a whole; and quality is relative: it
cannot be measured or proved or even analyzed
with any logical satisfaction. For in the end
what makes a great work of art great is some-
thing of a mystery.

Truth, freedom, perfection: let us think
again about these three words words which
might be proposed as the artist's equivalent of
what liberty, equality, fraternity are to the
French Republican, or, in a different sense, what
faith, hope and charity are to the Christian.

"War is hell,!" Sherman in words, Picasso in
paint were telling the same truth, each in his
own language. Just as Picasso's forms are not
to be found in nature, Sherman's "hell" is un-
known to science. Indeed those who insist on

MONDRIAN. PIET: COMPOSITION IN WHITE

BLACK AND RED. OIL. 40)1 X 41". COLLECTION

OF THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART, NEW YORK.

facts will have to forgive the General his figure
of speech.

The truth which plumbs deeply, brings joy
to the heart or makes the blood run chill is not
always factual; indeed it is rarely to be found in
newsreels, statistics or communiques. The sooth-
sayer, that is, the truth-sayer, the oracle, the
prophet, the poet, the artist, often speak in
language which is not matter of fact or scientific.
They prefer the allegory, the riddle, the parable,
the metaphor, the myth, the dream, for, to use
Picasso's words, "Art is a lie that makes us!
realize the truth."

In order to tell this truth the artist must live
and work in freedom. As President Roosevelt
put it: "The arts cannot thrive except where
men are free to be themselves and to be in
charge of the discipline of their own energies
and ardors . . . What we call liberty in politics
results in freedom in the arts . . . Crush in-
dividuality in the arts and you crush art as
well."

12

Sometimes in art galleries one hears a man
who has just glanced at a cubist or expression-
ist picture turn away with angry words, "It
ought to be burned." That was just the way
Hitler felt about it. When he became dictator
he passed laws against modern art, called it
degenerate, foreign, Jewish, international, Bol-
shevik; forced modern artists such as Klee, Kan-
dinsky, Beckmann out of art schools, drove them
from the country and snatched their pictures
from museum walls, to hide them or sell them
abroad. Why?

Because the artist, perhaps more than any
other member of society, stood for individual
freedom freedom to think and paint without
the permission of Goebbels, to tell the truth as
he felt from inner necessity that he must tell it.
Along with liberty in politics and religion, Hitler
crushed freedom in art.

In this country there is little danger that the
arts will suffer from the brutal, half-crazy
tyranny of a Hitler, but there are other less
direct ways of crushing freedom in the arts.
In a democracy the original, progressive artist
often faces the indifference or intolerance of the
public, the ignorance of officials, the malice of
conservative artists, the laziness of the critics,
the blindness or timidity of picture buyers and
museums. Van Gogh was "free." He lived suc-
cessively in two liberal democracies and painted
as he wished. He also starved. In the end,
desperate with disappointment, he shot himself,
having sold one painting in his lifetime for about

(it would be worth $30,000 now). Have
we a van Gogh in America today?

Freedom of expression, freedom from want
and fear, these are desirable for the artist. But
why should the artist's freedom particularly con-

cern the rest of us? Because the artist gives us
pleasure or tells us the truth? Yes, but more
than this: his freedom as we find it expressed in
his work of art is a symbol, an embodiment of
the freedom which we all want but which we
can never really find in every-day life with its
schedules, regulations and compromises. Of
course we can ourselves take up painting or some
other art as amateurs and so increase our sense
of personal freedom; but even in a nation of
amateur artists there would still be a need for
the artist who makes freedom of expression his
profession. For art cannot be done well with
the left hand; it is the hardest kind of work,
consuming all a man's strength, partly for the
very reason that it is done in greater freedom
than other kinds of work.

The greater the artist's freedom, the greater
must be his self-discipline. Only through the
most severe self-discipline can he approach that
excellence for which all good artists strive. And
in approaching that goal he makes his work of
art a symbol not only of truth and freedom but
also of perfection.

Perfection in a work of art is of course related
to the perfection of a flawlessly typed letter, or
an examination mark of 100, or a well-made
shoe, but it differs in several important ways:
it is usually far more complicated, combining
many levels and varieties of human activity and
thought; it cannot be judged by practical or
material results, nor can it be measured scien-
tifically or logically; it must satisfy not a
teacher, a superior officer, or an employer but
first and essentially the artist's own conscience;
and lastly, artistic perfection, unlike the perfec-
tion of the craftsman, the technician or the
mathematician, can be, but should not be, "too"

13

perfect.

The possibilities open to the painter as he
faces his blank canvas, or to the composer be-
fore his untouched keyboard are so complex,
so nearly infinite, that perfection in art may
seem almost as unattainable as it is in life.
Mondrian perhaps came in sight of perfection
by limiting his problem to the subtle adjustment
of rectangles. An "abstract" painter who passed
beyond Mondrian into geometry would indeed
find perfection, but he would leave art behind
him. For complete perfection in art would prob-
ably be as boring as a perfect circle, a perfect
Apollo, or the popular, harp-and-cloud idea of
Heaven.

Yet, the artist, free of outer compulsion and
practical purpose, driven by his own inner pas-
sion for excellence and acting as his own judge,
produces in his work of art a symbol of that
striving for perfection which in ordinary life we
cannot satisfy, just as we cannot enjoy complete
freedom or tell the entire truth.

Truth, which in art we often arrive at through
a "lie," freedom, which in art is a delusion unless

controlled by self-discipline, and perfection,
which if it were ever absolute would be the
death of art perhaps through pondering such
ideas as these we can deepen our understanding
of the nature and value of modern painting; but
for most people the direct experience of art will
always be more pleasurable and more important
than trying to puzzle out its ultimate meaning.
Listen to what Picasso has to say about attempt-
ing to answer such questions as "What is modern
painting?" Let a painter have the last word:

Everyone wants to understand art. Why not
try to understand the song of a bird? Why
does one love the night, flowers, everything
around one, without trying to understand it?
But in the case of a painting people have to
understand. If only they would realize above
all that an artist works because he must, that
he himself is only a trifling bit of the world,
and that no more importance should be at-
tached to him than to plenty of other things
in the world which please us, though we can't
explain them. People who try to explain
pictures are usually barking up the wrong tree.

14

Quarterly readers know Elizabeth Stevenson 's lit-
erary criticism and tvill welcome her equally com-
petent and sensitive approach to

THE

WORLD

OF

BALLET

ELIZABETH STEVENSON '41

Javing fallen in love with ballet, I find it
ather difficult to define and analyze, to ferret
ut cunningly its proper qualities, and to place
t among the contemporary arts. First, I bravely
tate a preference, that ballet is, today, in the
iventieth century, the happiest example of an
itegrated art in a chaotic age.

The sense of the past rests lightly upon the
oung choreographers of France and England
nd America who employ with impunity the
;chniques of modern dance and jazz: but tiadi-
on nevertheless lives. From the masques of
le Medicis to the cowboy ballets of Agnes de
lille, ballet's records have been kept only
1 the memories of men, the dancers and
lioreographers, who in each generation have
assed on to the next what they had learned
om the previous one and what they had them-
:lves invented. What makes ballet remarkable
3 a twentieth century art is this sense of the
resent living on good terms with the past. There
as been no tragic chasm between everything
Inch has gone before and anything which the
940"s might create.

Today, in any balanced program of the Ballets
des Champs-Elysees in Paris, the Sadler's Wells
Company in London, the Ballet Theatre or the
Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo in New York, are
present the elements contributed by many cen-
turies and many nationalities. There are sug-
gestions of Italy, where ballet began in the court
entertainments of the Renaissance, of France,
where ballet found a vocabulary and achieved its
romantic adolescence, and of Russia, where bal-
let developed its forms and its grand style.

Ballet is, today, in its chameleon fashion,
taking on the tone of the time. It is preserving
in its excellent forms the subtle tragedy of the
uneasy generations living precariously between
world wars. A contemporary craft which has
within the last forty years produced such in-
dividual masterworks as Fokine's Petrouchka and
Les Sylphides, Nijinsky's Til Eulenspiegel,
Massine's Saint Francis, and more recently,
Tudor's Pillar of Fire and Balanchine's Concerto
Barocco, deserves as searching a criticism as
that which is customarily applied to accepted
major arts.

75

I should like to make two points about ballet.
First, that its artists are fortunate in a vital
tradition and an experimental present. Ballet
exists by cherishing tradition and by binding its
creatures to prescribed forms; yet must be born
again in every generation in order to live. My
second point is that ballet, which is a small
world, furnishes any critic of the arts with a
miniature example of the work and world of the
artist per se, the one who makes a more perfect
world within our own world. The relevance of
this world to our larger, misshapen one, is the
justification of any conscious art. Perhaps all
that I shall have to say will underline my belief
that ballet is a significant art form and not a
pretty world of escape.

What I write about ballet is non-technical, the
viewpoint of the spectator, the comment of one
who loves the other arts, painting, sculpture,
architecture, music, and writing. By a fortunate
chance I have been able to walk into the particu-
lar world of ballet. I have seen its workshop and
its finished product, seen the ways and means of
ballet-making on the rehearsal stage, and the
finished, shaped "thing" from the customary seat,
on the other side of the curtain.

This special revelation of ballet has placed me
in its debt for flashes of insight into each one of
the other arts. But I have become more and
more conscious that ballet is an independent,
not a subservient art. It helps itself to the re-
sources of the painter, the composer, and the
playwright. It unites diverse elements, music,
scenario, decor, and choreography, and trans-
forms them into a new, independent organism.
The perfection of Danses Concertantes results
from a spiritual union, rather than simple addi-
tion one to the other of Eugene Berman's glitter-

ing decor, Stravinsky's dry and witty music, and
Balanchine's bright dance pattern.

The place where ballet is made, the rehearsal,
enlightens one more about the art of ballet and
about art in general, than the performance alone
could ever do. But let the foolhardy beware. A
rehearsal is an immediate affront to the specta-
tor's idea of glamour. In the dust of discussion,
the grime and sweat of effort which goes into the
shaping of a ballet, the end product, a particular
kind of beauty, is rudely ignored. The argu-
ment of the scene is always of ways and means,
never of ends. The attitude is professional.
What is left unsaid can very well be taken for
granted. It becomes the air breathed, the
atmosphere in which the work goes forward.

The picture of the rehearsal stage might be
taken as a symbol. It is lonely, in the midst of a
great darkness, but in the lighted space, there is
the human noise and busyness of cheerful effort.

Pictorially, the scene emphasizes the loneli-
ness: the curtain is drawn up upon emptiness,
the darkened theatre yawns hungrily, the over-
head lights glare brazenly and unkindly down
upon scattered figures upon the stage floor. The
piano thumps emphatically, the ballet master
counts out a tempo, the boys and girls, of the
corps de ballet, in the nondescript rags of prac-
tice costume, are usually trying to learn more
than is reasonably to be expected within the time
allotted.

But come closer to the scene. Realize what
is taking place. Here upon this dirty floor, a
pattern is being hammered into shape. The
people making this pattern are true craftsmen
of the time. They like what they are doing. A
sense of play, of fun, of buffoonery flowers into
being in the midst of the work.

16

Only the serious can afford to be flippant.
iVnile, downstage, the Sylphides of the opening
)erformance struggles into shape, offside, the
noek-Sylphides, danced by a couple of idle boys,
uovides a witty commentary upon stylistic
weaknesses. The Prince in the rehearsal Swan
.ake swings an imaginary golf club as he poses
mong the fluttering swans of the enchanted
ueen. The harlequins of the twentieth century
ndergo drudgery with a good grace.

But the modern ballet dancer is unfortunate in
lany respects. He is paid in money, and not
nough of that: in France, England, and Amer-
3a, the state does not feed, clothe, and train
im. The competition in the profession is stiff,
requent periods of unemployment are inevitable,
le possibility of a bleak, unproductive old age
> always with him. It is impossible that a
ancer have a normal life. He lives transiently
1 hotels, trains, dressing rooms, and works on

IARIN. JOHN:

3WER MANHATTAN. 1922. WATERCOLOR. 21^x26%".

DLLECTION OF THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART, NEW YORK.

draughty stages. His calling is as exhausting as a
stevedore's, and as demanding as a nun's.

After glancing at the creative confusion of
the rehearsal stage and at the inhabitant of this
world, one asks, what is ballet? Why is exces-
sive and extravagant devotion paid to it by its
creators? Is the finished and performed ballet
worth the sacrifice of normal life, the wide
deviation from the average in the lives of its
followers?

The question scarcely rises to the surface of
the mind of the practicing artist. He finds
warmth and companionship in the ingrown fam-
ily world of his art. The intimate relationships
of the members of the company create within
the general oddity a kind of normal life for him.
After all, he has answered the question for him-
self by continuing to dance ballet. The faint-
hearted drop out: go to Hollywood, into musical
comedy, the night clubs, and generally make
tremendous amounts of money.

It is only the relative outsider who is free to
ask the question, and perhaps to answer it satis-
factorily both for himself and for the wordless
dancer.

One begins best by remembering the limita-
tions of the form. Ballet is a particular world,
and it fits a special framework, the stage. Noth-
ing not on the stage counts, although exits and
entrances are significant. "The important thing
in ballet is the movement itself, as it is sound
which is important in a symphony." These are
the words of a practicing choreographer, Balan-
chine. They will assume even more importance
when the question of significance comes in.

Ballet exists both in time and space. It has to
do with movement, primarily; scenario, perhaps,
but only as in dance; music, which has become

17

dance; decor as it enhances dance. The most
expensive costumes and the most gorgeous music
can be wrong for particular movement. The at-
tention, wandering away from movement, as in
Ballet Theatres revival of The Golden Cockerel,
with Chagall's over-elaborate sets, last season,
becomes lost. The proportion between the parts
is broken.

Dance is basically the movement of human
bodies in patterns which have the majesty, the
dignity, and the mystery of great art. While
these adjectives might apply justly to other types
of dancing as well as to that labeled ballet; to
Eastern, as well as western dancing, to the tribal
dances of Africa, and to the folk dances of Eu-
rope, or to modern expressional dancing; ballet
is further specialized.

The difference between ballet and other kinds
of dance is inadequately defined in the applica-
tion of a special terminology to ballet, in the
use of a special vocabulary of description and
of the phrase, the five positions; but such special
language does suggest, even to the layman that
ballet is disciplined and severe in its means.
What I should like to suggest is that out of
discipline (a discipline which is understood and
self-imposed) comes the greatest freedom.

Of course, this truth applies to all art which is
conscious of what it is doing. It is the old tune
played for unhealing ears many times and never
heard; and then played (for me in seeing some
of my first performances of ballet) to ears that

finally heard. It was in the organic simplicity of
such a ballet as Balanchine's Serenade that I first
really saw and then understood how freedom and
spontaneity grow, strangely enough, out of dis-
cipline and discrimination.

In the first movement of this classic of the
twentieth century, set to the music of Tschaikow-
sky's Serenade in C Major, danced before plain
blue curtains, Balanchine seems almost to have
staged a ballet classroom exercise for his au-
dience. The girls of the corps, all on the stage
as the curtain rises, perform in unison the basic
steps which every beginning student learns. Only
gradually does the pattern grow more complex
and develop in style and tone until it merits the
description which the greatest of contemporary
dance critics has applied to it: ". . . grand with-
out being impressive, clear without being strict
. . . humane because it is based on the patterns
the human body makes when it dances . . .un-
emphatic and delicate." As it grows amazingly
in beauty and power, means and ends are one.
Emotion inheres in the structure. Like the music
in Beethoven's last Quartet in C Sharp Minor or
in Mozart's Jupiter Symphony, significance is felt
to exist powerfully without in any way being
translatable into words. It is the measure of the
intensity of the beauty in either case, the music
or the ballet, that it cannot be expressed other-
wise than musically or balletically. Here, as
Henry James said in another connection, is, "the
passion that is in form."

"All art is science and all science is art.
18

Henry Nobel MacCracken at Agnes Scott, March 1947.

MEANING IN MODERN POETRY

Lloyd Frankenberg

Lloyd Frankenberg contributes poems and literary criticism to leading
literary periodicals. He is the author of The Red Kite, a volume of
poetry, published in 1939. His wife is the painter, Loren Maclver.
This article reprinted with permission of The Saturday Review of
Literature is part of a book of criticism to be published by
Houghton Mifflin.

he charge is frequently made that modern poetry is obscure. Writing in The Saturday Revieiv of
iterature a year ago, Robert Hillyer quoted with approval Max Eastman's comment to the effect that

poets nowadays are engaged in "talking to them-
selves." To substantiate this, he called the fol-
lowing "a flight from clarity": dream-imagery,
Eliot's "learned reference," Joyce's "puns and
onomatopoeia," the "oblique approach of the
stream-of-consciousness" and all "hair-splitting"
awareness "of the subtleties of language, of the
single word."

Such complaints serve to summarize a pre-
vailing attitude in conservative criticism. It is
not a new attitude. It greets every art from time
to time, especially when that art is in process of
breaking new ground. Keats and Browning, for
example, were in their day objects of similar
attack.

One reason why this attitude persists is that
it cannot be categorically refuted. Obviously not
all experiment succeeds, nor every experimenter.
The very nature of invention makes it vulner-
able. Instances of obscurity can be collected
not only from the works of present-day poets but
from those of Keats, certainly of Browning, and
perhaps of every poet who ever departed from
the conventions of his time.

DECHIRICO, GIORGIO:

NOSTALGIA OF THE INFINITE. 1911. OIL. 53& X 25J".

COLLECTION OF THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART, NEW YORK.

19

Originality in writing does begin as a more
or less private language. It gains recognition,
as a rule, slowly, since its import is different
from that, let us say, of newspapers or bill-
boards. We have come to expect innovation in
the sciences and in industry. But toward any-
thing new in the arts our natural resistance is
still great. Certainly it is in no need of stiffening.
Critics who imply that any attention paid to new
forms is a waste of effort, since all are obscure,
do a disservice, it seems to me, to the reader
quite as much as to the writer.

One of the obstacles to the understanding of
poetry, especially modern poetry, is a general
misconception of "meaning" and "clarity." It
is true that some meanings can be clearer than
others. If I say, "I gave him an apple," the
statement is clear, but it isn't clear about a great
deal.

Prose is apt to go in the direction of this
limited type of clarity. It tends to build up its
complexities of meaning by addition, in a more
or less continuous line. Fact succeeds fact. "I
gave him an apple. He ate it."

Poetry tends more to build up its meanings,
you might say, by multiplication. It is less con-
cerned with facts as facts. If the eating of an
apple occurs in a poem it is not likely to be
passed on as a bit of informative gossip. It is
more likely to be related to some emotion, let
us say, connected with the eating of apples. Fact
is subordinated to imagination.

We have still not isolated poetry, because
emotion and imagination enter of course into
fiction. To this extent fiction may be said to tend
in the direction of poetry. Poetry might be de-
fined, untechnically, as an even more condensed
form of imagination. This condensed form

comes to rely, more and more, upon relation-
ships that ply back and forth between the words,
sounds, images, and ideas that make it up.

By these means Marianne Moore's bird that
"steels his form straight up," in the title poem of
What Are Years? gains its specially dramatic
significance:

... He
sees deep and is glad, who

accedes to mortality
and in his imprisonment, rises
upon himself as
the sea in a chasm . . .

. . . The very bird,
grown taller as he sings, steels
his form straight up. Though he is

captive,
his mighty singing
says, satisfaction is a lowly
thing, how pure a thing is joy.

The word "steels" is the crux of the poem.
In its literal and figurative meanings the ideas
of imprisonment and liberation meet. The bird,
in his mighty singing, triumphs over captivity;
he becomes the bars that confined him.

The symbols of imprisoned bird and en-
chasmed sea are integrally related to the form
of the poem. Its rhythms rove with vinelike
freedom from line to line in a profusion that is
made possible by their underlying metric, one
of the most exact to be found in all literature.

Wordsworth, in reaction to the poetic diction
of his day, appropriated some of the language of
prose. Marianne Moore is able to import its
rhythms any rhythms she wishes and by
means of her strict syllabic patterns subject them
to a tension that unmistakably differentiates

20

hem from prose. Her poems are an expansion
)f the limits of poetry.

Poetry's clarity, then, is on a different level.
The subsidiary and associational meanings of
Yords, which are customarily slurred over in
nose, contribute intensively to the total import
)f poetry. Rather than proceed unilaterally,
: rom the first word on, its "meanings" are apt
o start from somewhere in the middle and work
joth ways. That is why it requires rereading to
)ecome "clear."

This characteristic varies from poem to poem.
50me depend primarily on "melodic line," like
fousman's:

With rue my heart is laden

For golden friends I had,
For many a rose-lipt maiden

And many a light-foot lad.

The idea here is easy to follow, although it
ihrinks with reexamination. This is not neces-
arily true of poems employing "regular"
netres. But as the music of poetry becomes
nore variable it tends to increase in the subtlety
)f its interrelationships, as in these lines from a
onnet of E. E. Cummings:

vhat a proud dreamhorse pulling

(smoothloomingly) through
stepp)this(ing)crazily seething of

this
aving city screamingly street wonderful
lowers . . .

Poem and subject are one. The poem is a
eeable, hearable, smellable city street. Into it a
lorse pulls a nowercart. His hoofbeats fall ex-
ictly as they do on the pavement, a heavy
dodd "(stepp)" for the first, a metallic
-lick "(ing)" for the second. The horse

comes right up beside us:

o what a proud dreamhorse moving

(whose feet
almost walk air.) now who stops.

Smiles. he

stamps

The more one reads a poem of this sort, the
more meaning can be found in it. Beauty turns
up unexpectedly anywhere. It appears, not by
our escaping the confusions and distractions of
the present, but by observing them until their
relationships fall into place.

Looking at the poem again, we may notice
that the horse, "whose feet almost walk air," sug-
gests Pegasus. The poem may be taken as an
allegory, a modern allegory, of poetry.

Such interpretations will not be identical from
person to person, poetry being, not above ex-
planation, but around it. It has a final mys-
tery comparable to the mystery of life itself,
which contains any explanation that can be made
of it.

The very precise means used by Cummings
to reproduce a city street is typical of a tendency
prevalent in modern poetry: the heightening of
immediacy. "Immediacy" does not mean you
"get it right off." It means that what you get,
when you have gotten it, is presented, with an
effect as if it were happening right now. If you
let it, it will come up very close, like the horse.
It is as if the symbols had become the experience
they are symbolizing and you were in fact under-
going it. This is what Archibald MacLeish may
have had in mind in the statement, to which
Robert Hillyer took exception: "A poem should
not mean but be."

Immediacy has always been part of poetry,

21

but seldom in such concentrated form. In the
past it has been more noticeable as an element
of the composition, as in Gerard Manley Hop-
kins's Pied Beauty:

Glory be to God for dappled things

For skies of couple-color as a brinded cow.

This is an immediacy of detail. The second
and succeeding lines present images which are
the result of acute observation. This kind of
immediacy demands the active participation of
the reader. Rather than surrendering passively,
say, to the mellifluous if somewhat cloying
rhythms of a Swinburne, he must look with his
mind's eye at what the poet has observed. His
ear too must participate in the irregular rhythms,
which he cannot as in the case of more regular
measures fore-hear.

In general, however, earlier poets composed
within a framework. The tendency in modern
poetry, and all the arts, is to use immediacy as
the framework; or rather, as an active principle
working through all the other elements of design.
The intention is less to represent than it is to
enter.

Joyce's epic tragi-comedy begins, in The
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, in a baby-
ish style reproducing the age of its protagonist,
Stephen Dedalus. The style alters and deepens
as Stephen grows older. In Ulysses other char-
acters live in his mind, as they live in the
imagination of an artist. In Finnegans Wake
Stephen himself disappears, absorbed in the
waters of the Liffey, which flows through dreams
and through history just as the artist himself,
fragmented, becomes one with his creation and
with the world. The river of death is also the
river of life.

Related to immediacy is another effect to be
experienced in much of modern art: simul-
taneity. Picasso, in some of his canvases, pre-
sents many sides of an object or person at once.
The visible world is not one-sided, two-dimen-
sional; or even a series of faces, planes, or
slices. But a strategic arrangement of such
planes and slices can give us an experience of
totality.

T. S. Eliot, in his "learned references," draws
together the sensations of a mundane present
and of a mythological, classical, or romantic
past.

. . . yet there the nightingale
Filled all the desert with inviolable voice
And still she cries, and still the world pursues,
"Jug Jug" to dirty ears.

This is an ironic compound of aggrandize-
ment and belittlement. The dream of antique
and imperishable beauty, such as Keats cele-
brated in his odes to the nightingale and the
Grecian urn, is brought together with the grim
insistence on "actuality" of modern man, who
never tires of pointing out "facts," such as that
the nightingale ("nightjar" to some) is really a
rather raucous bird whose cry reminds one of a
chamber-pot. The Wasteland, from which this is
taken, interweaves the styles of past cultures in a
manner expressive of the reliquary character of
modern life, composed as it so largely is of
fragments of the past.

In Elizabeth Bishop's Roosters heroic and in-
glorious attributes of the domestic fowl are
equally noted:

The crown of red

set on your little head

is charged with all your fighting-blood.

22

ifes, that excrescence

nakes a most virile presence,

)lus all that vulgar beauty of iridescence.

This treatment is appropriate to the poet's use
f the rooster as a symbol. The same bird whose
'uncontrolled, traditional cries" hatefully wake
is from sleep woke Peter from his triple denial;
ret in that very act became the symbol of his
orgiveness. Modern poetry is full of compound
motions, which often turn out to be the resolu-
ion of apparent antitheses.

The characteristics of immediacy and simul-
aneity, to which I have had to make so brief an
llusion, are related to a new attitude of man
oward himself and his world. The tendency is
nore and more in the direction of observing,
without the intervention of authority, custom, or
ireconceived idea.

Countering this, conservative critics summon
Lp conventions more suited to other periods of
writing. They seem to regard similes, metaphors,
ymbols, metres, rhyme-schemes, and all such
araphernalia as if they existed not for use but
omehow above and beyond it, like Platonic
rchetypes.

Few people would currycomb the hood of an
utomobile. But the routine ways of thinking
bout poetry that have been perpetuated in many
if our institutions of learning are almost as out-
noded. Its elements have been taught as if they
vere discrete entities, instead of processes.
Processes change with people.

Simile, metaphors, and symbols, like the parts
>f speech, came into being before they were
ormularized. They are there to be used or dis-
carded in whatever way suits the individual
)oet's requirements. Their function is to ex-
cess differing degrees of intensity in the rela-

tions felt to exist between apparently unrelated
items of experience.

There is nothing elaborate about them except
as the poet may choose to elaborate them, to
make them more consonant with his feelings, to
infuse new life into otherwise trite devices. There
is no law regulating their length, number or
frequency; it all depends on whether the poet
succeeds in what he sets out to do.

Mr. Hillyer referred, in his article, to a "suc-
cession of mixed metaphors" in a passage from
The Atoll in the Mind, by Alex Comfort:
Out of what calms and pools the cool shell grows
dumb teeth under clear waters, where no currents
fracture the coral's porous horn
Grows up the mind's stone tree, the honeycomb,
the plump brain coral breaking the pool's mirror,
the ebony antler, the cold sugared fan.

Whatever metaphors there may be here, they
are completely incidental and would certainly
not be improved by turning them, as Mr. Hillyer
suggested, into similes. There is a new device
at work. The arrangement throughout of words
referring to shells, coral, and sea-forms indi-
cates not only a visual resemblance between
them and the structure of man, but a substantial
identity. This, reinforced by the knowledge that
all life originated in the sea, conveys a sensa-
tion of "thoroughgoing relatedness." The poet
does not say, "My body is (or is like) a shell."
He presents a shell-body, body-shell configura-
tion; a concentric relationship. The impulse is
like that that goes into a simile, metaphor, or
symbol, but the wave-length is different.

A "mixed" relationship, on the other hand, is
one in which incongruous elements are uninten-
tionally introduced, as in: "The violent swing to
materialism crashed into the stone wall of the

23

present war. The pendulum rebounds, half-
shattered and unbalanced. There is no spiritual
asylum . . ."

I see the exposed works of a grandfather's
clock beating time too near a fence of Connecti-
cut fieldstone; a very surrealist effect. I doubt
very much that Mr. Hillyer intended this. You
might find accidents of this sort in almost any-
one's writing. That's not the point. The point
is that calling a deliberately rapid change of
metaphor "mixed" is imputing unconscious
humor to conscious experiment; it is not stating a
case.

The danger in classifications is that we get
to thinking things actually fit into them. When
the discrepancy becomes too apparent, our reflex
is to deny, not the classification, but the validity
and very existence of the discordant item. Thus
dissonance in modern music is imputed to
ignorance of "the rules of harmony."

When E. E. Cummings writes, "Spring is
like a perhaps hand," he has not forgotten that
"perhaps" is customarily an adverb. He has
given it a double function: to describe precisely
the tentative quality of spring and at the same
time convey the elusive feelings it inspires.

In expressing modern life, its speed, its in-
congruities, poets have discovered new relation-
ships, symbolic puns, devices of association and
juxtaposition, half-rhymes, and broken rhythms.
Sometimes these devices are expressive, some-
times merely intricate. It is always pertinent to
indicate which one thinks they are, and why.
New forms are just as much in danger of be-
coming cliches as the forms cherished by
academicians. This too is legitimate grounds for
criticism, just as it is always to the point to spot
the influences under which any poet, young or
old, is working. And conversely, if one can, to

recognize his idiom.

When we approach modern poetry with the
attention we give developments in mechanics and
physics we discover that conceptions similar to
those that have revolutionized thinking in the
sciences are also at work in the arts; that there
are basic connections between some of the time-
space formulations of physics, "faceted Cubism,"
modern harmonics, and the composite symbols
of Finnegans Wake.

Even those experiments which we may finally,
upon mature consideration, come to regard as
unsuccessful in themselves will, we may find,
have sharpened our perceptions and our appre-
ciations. Not only will we be more knowledge-
ably aware of the more fortunate productions
of our time, but we will have gained addi-
tional insight into the great works that are now
treasures from the past.

At a certain point the arts cease to be com-
petitive. This is when, without losing relevance
to their own age, they become timeless. But
this effect of eternity has a temporal qualifica-
tion. If we lose the immediate significance of a
work of art, we are less likely to grasp its
universal application.

An inability to comprehend the relationship
of a modern work to the age in which we live
casts doubt on our capacity for understanding
past masterpieces, related as they are to
ages in which we do not, except vicariously,
participate.

What is usable in the past is not preserved
by repetition. Conventions tend to deny tradition.
Originality the exploration of new forms, the
discovery of new relationships - becomes tradi-
tion. By it the past, reinterpreted, is revivified.
And the present, too, is seen to be, not a collec-
tion of relics, but a continuing evolution.

24

PRINCIPLES OF MODERN DESIGN
By Wa Iter Gropius

The founder and former director of the Bauhaus, world famous
as an architect, Walter Gropius is Chairman of the Department
of Architecture in the Graduate School of Design at Harvard.
This article published here for the first time was given as a
radio talk for the World Radio University. Dr. Gropius has
lectured in Europe and America and has published books and
articles on modern architecture.

^hat do you imagine will be the design charac-
er of our future cities, buildings and every-day
;oods? As Europe has been drained of most of
ts power and resources the American continent
s likely to be better equipped to rejuvenate
ts physical environment. Will it give the world
lso a spiritual and intellectual lead toward ad-
ancing contemporary design? Shall we be suf-
iciently bold and resolute to accept the elements
f modern design consistently for use in our
very-day life? To attain this we need not look
cross the Atlantic. The impulse must come from
ae American landscape and from the American
fay of life, for these are the natural media of a
ew culture. American life, having been con-
inuously grafted with European culture for
enerations, seems to be pregnant now to pro-
uce a culture of its own, and, in fact, the
lind of the people is already beginning to
espond to native creativeness.

However, the average man is still deeply con-
used by the struggle between traditional and
lodern conceptions of design so evident in our
ities and houses. A similar dilemma of opinion
ccurred in Europe. Before this war the modern
rend in architectural and industrial design was

branded by the Nazis as "Bolshevistic," by the
Russians as being "western bourgeoisie," while
democratic countries were sitting on the fence.

What sort of architectural forms flash through
your mind as being modern? Perhaps flat roofs,
large windows and cubic forms built up in steel
or concrete? Well these are only some of the
outward characteristics of modern functional de-
sign. But if we look closer we discover that de-
sign has changed from inside out in accordance
with human social progress and with the develop-
ment of our new means of production, not in
accordance with this or that transient fashion
or form of political government.

Its new spirit has put the emphasis on con-
ceiving a more freely developed house plan and
on using skillfully the great gains made in science
and technique for ever better, more beautiful
living. In all civilized countries the roots of
modern design meanwhile have struck through
the quicksand of fluctuating fashions into solid
cultural ground. Its sound principles established
by a generation of pioneer designers have
evolved already such standards of excellence as
cannot be destroyed by transient political pow-
ers. Is this a symptom that we are standing

25

at the threshold of a new culture?

If such contemporary standards of design al-
ready exist, however, why then are the forms of
so many houses and every-day goods here, as
well as abroad, still contradictory in their char-
acter, ignoring often what we may call the new
language of vision? Has perhaps the sweeping
speed of the spiritual and intellectual revolu-
tion of our time surpassed the limits of human
adaptability? For although our intellect is
capable quickly of grasping the significance of
changes, we have to go a long way to transform
new knowledge into widely recognized form, into
definite habits of art expression. This process
of transformation in our time seems to be fast
and radical indeed compared with the prevalent
attitude towards art and design in that last
generation.

The social revolution caused by the invention
and development of the machine had suddenly
cut off slow regional growth of creative art. The
succeeding, gigantic struggle of coming to terms
with the machine and getting it under control had
absorbed most of the vitality and creative power
of that generation. The old conception of the
basic unity of all art in its relation to life was
lost in the machine revolution. A shallow "art
for art's sake" was all that remained. The out-
ward forms of former periods of art were bor-
rowed and used commercially to satisfy only a
mentality of business being an end in itself.
Good taste became a substitute for creative art.
The architect turned archaeologist. Design was
heading for a "slip cover" civilization. A trade
mentality had superseded the desire for a bal-
anced life, the work of imagination had become
suspect and discreditable. But has not always
the thinker, the poet, the artist determined the

future trend of human, spiritual development;
the man of vision and not the materialist?

Imitation had become a fatal habit, however,
hard to exterminate. People humbly believed
that beauty is something which has been decided
upon centuries ago in Greece and Italy, and
that all we can do is to study it carefully and
then apply it again for our own surroundings.
What do we think of when we say a building is
beautiful in the old classic sense its columns,
porticos and cornices? But are these the form
and elements which can satisfy our own present
way of life, so different from former periods?
The simple epithet "beautiful" has become the
most deceiving designation. For many see 4
beauty tied up with the achievements of the
past only, as prejudice prevents them from en-
joying original manifestations of living art. They
succumb to the widespread superstition that
buildings should be built in a style instead of
with style. Instead of adapting their buildings
to their innate wishes, they adapt themselves to
any style to be stylish and thus lose their free-
dom. Enslaved by the fixed idea that beauty
means period design, they are not aware that
beauty, although eternal, changes its image con-
tinuously. For, as soon as we stop renewing it
incessantly, it fades away. Established stand-
ards of beauty dissolve with changing standards
of living: they cannot be stored away for future
re-use. Tradition does not mean imitation of the
past nor the complacent acceptance of by-gone
aesthetic forms.

Try to scrutinize in your own dwelling the
origin of form for the various parts of your
household. Which ones show contemporary
forms? Certainly refrigerators, bathroom fix-
tures, radiators, electric bulbs but what about

26

our furniture and your carpets, your windows
nd the exterior of your house? Compare your
resent surroundings with any original example
f the Georgian, Gothic or Greek period. Did the
reinfects and clients of those great periods ever
rink of imitating the styles of their forefathers
s we do? No! They were proud of their
ioneering into new form expressions of their
wn. Their new technical processes caused new
nd adequate form characteristics which they
ccepted. What they called tradition was a float-
lg process of constant renewal and change of
ma. We misinterpret the creative sense of
adition if we try to perpetuate any one of its
pisodes. For its nature is dynamic, not static,
or instance, the Colonial style in the United
tates was surely beautiful. We all are in love
ith it. It expressed excellently the living con-
itions of its period. But the States have come
f age in the meantime they are not colonies
try longer. Their way of living, their means of
roduction, differ ever so much from those of
olonial times. It is a poor and weak perform-
ice to disguise the bulk of contemporary build-
igs behind Colonial columns and mouldings,
an't we emerge from that deadening inertia
id complacency towards conceptions and visions
f our own?

Indeed a revolution against our sentimental
seudo-art was due. A living art for the com-
on man, vital and essential for the whole
)mmunity, became the aim of a new genera-
on of pioneer designers. They have rediscov-
ed that man should be the focus of all design,
at animation by simple means derived from
itural environment is needed to rebuild new
ace for living, freed of aesthetic stunts and
)rrowed adornment. Science is to be the safe-

guard against relapsing into aesthetic sentimen-
talism. Man's scientific knowledge of himself,
of nature, has to furnish the practical answers
concise and expressive to the many new re-
quirements of life, psychological, technical and
economic. Science has to control the purpose in
the process of designing. But the demands im-
posed on the form are of purely spiritual nature.
The form is not a product of intellect but of
human desire closely associated with the in-
dividual, with the people, and with place and
time. Creative design must satisfy both the
spiritual and material needs of life; it has to
renew the human spirit by transforming science
into art. Can there be any doubt that the quest
for such a basic, organic simplicity of form,
color and function for our communities, houses
and tools is a task far superior to the former
rehearsal of Georgian or Greek revival design
with varying doses of modern flavor?

Indeed the new principles of design have
already proved their soundness and have be-
come unassailable. Slowly but surely they will
sweep away that home-sweet-home mentality of
faked candlesticks slipped over electric light
bulbs or of those stylish house facades which,
like strait-jackets, prevent a freer, more natural
life of the inhabitants. Those who have escaped
into that sentimental and out-moded dream-world
will be deprived of such blessings as the freedom
of the plan through the use of flat roofs, the
easy relationship of outer and inner living space
through large windows, the simplified house-
keeping and good furnishings and implements
relieved of false pretenses.

Already a generation ago the great American
writer, Ralph Waldo Emerson, warned the
American artists against imitative design. He
continued on page 35

27

Marion Bauer

Miss Bauer is Associate Professor of Music at New York University and a member of
the faculty of the Juilliard School of Music. A member of the Executive Committee
of the League of Composers, she has composed over sixty musical works, has written a
number of books including Twentieth Century Music, and is well known for
essays in musical criticism appearing in various periodicals.

A SU RVEY OF

TWENTI ETH CENTURY

ESTHETICS I N MUSIC

Recently, a young man approached me in-
dignantly, after listening in class to the record of
Stravinsky's L'Histoire du Soldat ("Story of the
Soldier"). "Do you call that music?" he asked
somewhat belligerently. "I'm afraid I do," I
answered meekly. Further conversation revealed
that he had had no experience with contemporary
music whatsoever, that he was in the wrong class,
and that he should have been listening to
Beethoven, not Stravinsky.

It was useless to try to explain to him what
Stravinsky had tried to do in 1918, turning away
from the great ballets that had made him famous
and developing a new technic which included the
influence of our jazz. The young man may have
heard a great deal of music and no doubt has
accepted the well-known masterpieces without
question. To him that was music; that was beau-
tiful beautiful because it was familiar, and
no doubt beautiful because he had been told that
it was. But when dissonant, apparently chaotic
music was thrust upon him, he responded in an
understandable way. It created a disagreeable
impression and a rebellious reaction.

On another occasion some years ago, a boy
came into my class in contemporary music and
almost shook his fist in my face, challenging me
to make him like modern music. "I hate it," he
declared. "Then why did you register for the
course?" was my logical query. It was the only
course open to him with the right number of
points! So, there he was willy-nilly.

Quite deliberately I shaped the work around
that boy. He represented, not an individual,
but a type that had to be reached. It was obvious
that he, like many others, did not know how to
adjust himself to the new conditions. He needed
guidance through some of the paths along which
the music of our century had been traveling. He
was just one of many to whom twentieth century
music seemed to break completely with the past,
to have no logical connection with former ac-
cepted methods. The change, however, when re-
viewed step by step, is not mere chaos, but
presents, in spite of a transitional unheaval, a
front of reasonable evolution.

I watched that boy, his visible reactions, his
approvals and disapprovals, his gradual relax-

28

tion and improvement in intelligent listening. It
ras no surprise, when he announced that he was
getting a lot out of the course" and found him-
elf liking things that formerly he had hated.
le liked them because he understood them.

But understanding does not always breed con-
;nt. No one is expected to like everything he
ears, whether it be new or old. Personal prefer-
nce works in the realm of the new as well as in
le old. The problem is to know enough about
msic, to have developed a keen enough sense of
iste, to be able to form personal preferences,
nd to hear new works frequently enough to be-
ome familiar with their idiom. When the
Dunds, strange though they may be, have formed
oherent patterns in our minds, then only are we
1 a position to decide whether we like the music.
i other words, then we are able to make an
sthetic judgment concerning them.

We are living in the day of the radio and the
honograph. These and many other inventions
ave given this era the name of the "mechanical
ge." These two "instrumentalities" as Ethel
eyser, my collaborator in How Music Grew and
lusic Through the Ages, calls them, are invalu-
ble in gaining an understanding of contem-
orary music. Although today we hear more
todern music on the radio than formerly, we
ill do not hear enough. Even conductors who
resent modern scores in concerts, many of them,
re either afraid to, or are persuaded not to, play
lem on their radio programs. But many mod-
rn scores are available on records, and for the
udent the record is the better way to become
oquainted with the new music. If the student
)llows the recorded works with the printed
;ores, and listens frequently enough, he may be
ssured of enlarging his listening scope. Another

advantage the records have over the radio is the
fact that one may stop and repeat passages, sec-
tions, or movements, while music on the air is
panoramic in effect.

Almost everyone has experienced fluctuations
in taste and may like a work in 1947 that he
disliked in 1937, and vice versa. Even works in
the accepted repertory are subject to these
changes in personal taste. I remember a fine
musician and composer saying that he was
almost afraid to hear Carmen again because he
had always loved it, but he had had to give up
so many of his former favorites as his musical
taste grew more selective, and, as he said, "I
should hate to have to give up Carmen." After
the opera, however, he was happy to say that
it had stood the -test and his mature judgment
had given it a permanent place in his listening
repertory.

Frequently, I tell my students that just be-
cause I have grown tired of some of the popular
standard works is no reason why they should not
enjoy them. In some cases, I try to improve their
taste so that they will outgrow works not as
worthy of their appreciation as others.

There never has been a period when the prob-
lem of modern music has not existed. The right
of way of the New has been contested in every
generation. Opposition to innovation has made
history.

In Twentieth Century Music, I have written:
"We never profit by the experiences of the past.
We do not seem to realize that we repeat what
other ages have gone through and never seem to
understand the secrets the past would reveal. We
are not inventors and innovators but merely
pawns used by a force which is a composite of
the accumulated needs, beliefs, desires, ambi-

29

tions, inspirations, and inhibitions of each age.
This gigantic force is the cause behind the ever-
changing effects. Religion, politics, economics,
social conditions, art, all act and react upon each
other in response to this 'spirit of the age,' and
in turn help to create it."

Considerable psychology goes into one's likes
and dislikes in music. Some types go out to
meet new experiences; others are disturbed by
the new in any form: new furniture, new homes,
meeting strangers, new music. Some literal-
minded individuals seek facts and are practical.
They will find modern music hard to accept.
Others are enthusiastic and imaginative, sensi-
tive to the romance of story, history and situation,
and have the crusading spirit. To this type,
modern music will be a challenge and a problem
which must be solved. Interest in art will be an
esthetic emotion.

In his book, Modern Man in Search of a Soul,
Dr. C. G. Jung writes: "Sensation establishes
what is actually given, thinking enables us to
recognize its meaning, feeling tells us its value,
and finally intuition points to the possibilities of
the whence and whither that lie within the im-
mediate facts."

In listening to music, we make use of these
functions of thinking, feeling, sensation, and in-
tuition, whether the music be old or new.

Composers and performers, as well as listen-
ers, have always included both conservatives and
radicals. How ideal it would be if we could
admit the old, and at the same time accept
novelty. This is more possible for the interpreter
and listener than for the composer, as the com-
poser usually reflects the musical viewpoint of
his age, in fact he helps to create it; so he is in
the vanguard of the new. The interpreter stands

between the composer and his public. He is the
middle-man. He does not have to present the
contemporary, and frequently he chooses the
path of least resistance and avoids problematic
music by sticking to the already proven. For-
tunately through the interpreters, the listeners are
enabled to keep the best of the past, but they
must not be content with the past. They must
keep abreast of the tide and must know how
their age is being interpreted in art as well as
in terms of social conditions.

If art had not interpreted each era for its own
and for future generations, there would not have
been the ever-changing viewpoints to which we
have attached such names as baroque, classic,
romantic, impressionistic, neo-classic, etc. And
there would have been no resultant differences of
structure, sound, and style in each succeeding
age.

There is always an overlapping of two eras,
the one that is passing and the one that is ap-
proaching. The present seems a point in space
between the past and the future. The composer
learns from the past and explores it for anything
which may fit the needs of his own time. He does
not copy the past verbatim, but adapts it to the
style of the period in which he lives. In the
twentieth century we have such a delving into
the storehouse of the eighteenth century which
has resulted in neoclassicism, a veritable attempt
to fill old bottles (eighteenth century forms)
with new wine (twentieth century technic and
idiom). Our composers have been more classic
than romantic in spirit.

Two divergent tendencies, apparent in the
music of the twentieth century, have been a
radicalism which seems to break with the past
completely and an enthusiastic study of folk

30

nusic and of early music forms. Changes have
aken place in musical taste, and music, like
irchitecture, clothes, and language, is subject to
he vagaries of style, resulting, not merely from
vhim, but from the spiritual and esthetic needs
)f a generation. The pendulum swings between
he classic spirit and the romantic.

Some periods seem to break away more com-
detely from the past than others. Such a break
>ccurred between the generation of Bach and
landel, who closed the Baroque Period, and that
>f Bach's sons, who were the radicals of their
lay and introduced the Classic Era. Again the
:hange of style, form, and self-expression be-
ween the time of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven,
md that of Schumann, Chopin, and Liszt marked
mother upheaval that lead from the Classic to
he Romantic Era. We have experienced another
hange in the twentieth century during which
ime music has been subjected to all sorts of
xperiments in scale formations, melody, har-
aony, counterpoint, rhythm, and forms. Our
musical terminology tells of the changes that
lave taken place: whole-tone scale, impres-
ionism, quarter-tones, polytonality, atonality,
welve-tone technic, dissonant counterpoint, etc.
'hese names did not exist in the nineteenth
entury.

Nationalism in music as expressed in an auto-
latic reflection of a people's peculiarities, psy-
hology, social customs, and esthetics, has always
xisted. But an active nationalism based on folk
lusic, recognized as a means for developing an
rt, was a nineteenth century development. "Be-
ore the advent of the Napoleonic wars, the
ational spirit was dormant and a universal
lusical language satisfied the nations. When
le countries became more aware of political

r 2TJ!

BURCHFIELD. CHARLES E.: THE NIGHT WIND.

1918 WATERCOLOR. 21J X 213".

COLLECTION OF A. CONGER GOODYEAR.

separateness, however, national thought devel-
oped and with it a national art consciousness.
(Twentieth Century Music)

Has it been the two World Wars that aroused a
belated nationalism in the music of this country?
Many of our twentieth century composers have
turned to American folk music, of which a great
quantity has been unearthed. The Negro has
supplied material for an idiom characteristically
American. Gradually the composite character of
our civilization is amalgamating the standards,
ideals, habits and customs of our people who
have come from almost every nation in the world.
The pioneer spirit that has been the vital spark
of Americanism, the spirit of fearlessness,
bravado, restlessness, and energy, is finding ex-
pression in music and we probably have more
important young composers than any other coun-
try in the world.

31

"The twentieth century opened with Richard
Strauss at the height of his power; Debussy was
just coming into prominence; Schoenberg was
turning away from the influence of Wagner,
Strauss and Mahler and was beginning his ex-
periments in tonality; Scriabin, who had paid
tribute to Chopin and the Russians, was creating
his own musical mysticism; Stravinsky had hard-
ly made up his mind to follow music and had
not met Diaghileff, the director of Russian ballet
(in Paris). To these divergent influences may
be traced many of the individualists of present
day music . . . Romanticism in literature, paint-
ing, and music has been cast aside for symbol-
ism, impressionism, realism, futurism, cubism,
and numerous other isms." (Music Through the
Ages by Marion Bauer and Ethel Peyser)

The first great innovation of the twentieth cen-
tury was the impressionism of Claude Debussy.
He expressed in music what the symbolist poets
and impressionist painters were doing in their
respective arts. He was seeking to establish a
French music free from the influence of German
romanticism. He established a new type of tonal
system which greatly influenced the trend of
twentieth century music. He "tried to suggest
in tone intangible, abstract mental images in-
duced by a thought, an emotion, a perfume, a
color, a poem, a scene, any definite object, sup-
pressing unnecessary detail, and reproducing,
not the reality but the emotion evoked by the
reality. This is Impressionism." (Twentieth
Century Music)

Igor Stravinsky and Arnold Schoenberg rep-
resent two important and entirely different in-
fluences in present day music. Schoenberg was
responsible for atonality which he described as
"works written by means of twelve tones between

which no relationship exists other than their rela-
tion to one another." He also developed the
twelve-tone technic which has many followers.

Stravinsky has written in various styles,
ranging from his great ballets to neoclassic
works. He has been a barometer in registering
the changes that have taken place in music in
the twentieth century.

Paul Hindemith is one of the most important
composers of the present day. He not only com-
poses but has written books about his way of
composing which have had an influence on the
younger composers.

World War II brought most of the famous
European composers to this country, and some
of them are teaching here and thus creating a
following. Among the teachers are Schoenberg,
Hindemith, Darius Milhaud of France, Ernst
Krenek, Ernest Toch, and many others. Bela
Bartok, a great Hungarian composer, recently
died in this country, and Manuel de Falla, the
best known Spanish composer, died in Argentina
last December.

Among our American composers are many
who have exerted a decided influence on the
growth of our music. Aaron Copland has de-
veloped an idiom that is definitely American in
such works as his ballets Billy the Kid, Rodeo,
and Appalachian Spring, and he has many fol-
lowers. Roy Harris is another typical product of
American soil. One composer whose early style
was influenced by Harris, is William Schuman,
the young president of the Juilliard School, who
has written five symphonies and many character-
istic choral works. Samuel Barber - , Norman
Dello Joio, Lukas Foss, Marc Blitzstein, David
Diamond, and many others, although writing in
various styles, are creating an American school.

32

The late George Gershwin in Porgy and Bess,
Louis Gruenberg in The Emperor Jones, Virgil
Thomson with Four Saints in Three Acts, and
Douglas Moore in The Devil and Daniel Web-
ster, set a pattern for American opera. Okla-
homa, Carousel by Richard Rodgers, and Street
Scene by Kurt Weill, a naturalized American,
are new American musical comedies which re-
flect the tendencies of our era. And many of the
younger composers have written music for the
ballet, the popularity of which has been a recent
development. Music specially composed for the
radio and for the films has been a twentieth
century opening for our gifted native composers,
an opportunity that did not exist in the previous
generation.

We see that present day conditions produce
;sthetics that differ from that of the past. Our
irtists express the spirit of the age. What is the
spirit of our age? What are the problems that
hey have to solve?

The "mechanical age," the "jazz age," the age
)f war and social unrest, of inventions of con-
struction and of destruction! We may not like
he music of today. We ask why we have art
)f which we disapprove and with which we fail
o become attuned. "We must blame the tur-
bulence and maladjustments of social conditions
tnd economic pressure; the instability of the
;round under out feet and the roof over our
leads," I wrote in Twentieth Century Music.
'Time honored customs, shaken to the very foun-
lations, have fallen about our heads, creating
lavoc in the art world as well as in every other
)hase of human activity. The old forms fail to
atisfy the newly aroused sensibilities. Contem-
>orary experiences demand contemporary ex-
>ression and the old machinery is inadequate."

The power of the machine grows and man
worships the mechanical principle in increasing
proportion. The machine has changed the face
of the physical world. In music, formal struc-
ture, a contrapuntal style, dissonance, cleverness
rather than inspiration, interest in instrumenta-
tion, experimentation in form, texture and
tonality, are characteristics of our age.

Incredible though it may seem, composers are
interested today in the problem of simplification
of line, melody, harmony, form. We are closer
in spirit to the eighteenth century than we are
to the nineteenth. The result has been neo-
classicism. "There is a tendency today to look
down on the accomplishments of the 20s and
30s," I wrote in the revised edition of Tiventieth
Century Music, "just as the 20s and 30s turned
away from the impressionism of the first decade
of the century. The present is always suspect of
the immediate past regardless of whether the
time is 1947, 1847, or 1747. All of our com-
posers have not turned to 'Americanism.' Many
of them are nourished by the experiments of
these earlier decades . . . The technics of today
have grown out of the experiments of yester-
day . . . and exist as part of the unconscious
memory of the present generation of composers.
Atonality, polytonality, modal harmony, dis-
sonant counterpoint, all are used in greater or
lesser degrees, just as the nineteenth century
composers enlarged on the harmonic material of
the eighteenth century. . . . The pendulum leads
back to diatonicism and neoromanticism ; back to
homely sentiment, but it eschews the sentimen-
tality that seemed to have weakened the post-
romantic movement; both public and the young
composer have in many ways become reaction-
ary." This reactionary attitude, however, seems

33

to have turned the tide. "The young are desper-
ately in earnest and are determined to tear down
the unnecessary scaffolding. They take what they
need of the past and build their share of the

musical edifice with tools which they teach them-
selves to use. They learn, as has every genera-
tion before them, by experimentation, failure,
and reconstruction."

THE NEW BOOKS

A SEASON IN HELL, arthur rimbaud

PROSE POEMS FROM THE ILLUMINATIONS, arthur rimbaud

VASARI'S LIVES OF THE ARTISTS, betty burroughs

Elizabeth Stevenson finds the Renaissance artist happily the man of his age, the modern artist in a
world distorted, an outcast from his age.

Elizabeth Stevenson '41

When the New Directions Press printed
recently a new English version of Arthur
Rimbaud's prose poems from the Illuminations,
I laid aside for a few days the book I was
then reading, to seize upon it at once. A few
months previously I had read his Season in Hell
and could not dismiss Rimbaud, the person,
or the poet, from my mind.

He seemed in his blighted existence and in
his cryptic and tortured utterance, the one most
complete symbol of the modern artist. The
Illuminations, an earlier work than the Season,
is not a success as that work is; but it, too, in
wild and whirling words, written out of private
reference and personal fancy, and without any
effort made to communicate, conveys profoundly

the sad truth of the artist's place in modern
society. Whenever the principle of beauty is
added to a man in this time, it seems to dis-
connect him, to disorganize him, to put him in
opposition to society, to make him an outcast.

The book which I had put down in order to
read Rimbaud was Vasari's Lives of the Artists,
in a new abridged and illustrated edition by
Betty Burroughs, reprinted at about the same
time as the Illuminations. There, in those har-
monious, complex, and magnificent lives, was
fulfillment in art and in life. The addition of
the artistic principle to the life of the citizen
of the high Renaissance was to add to the social
and political man the one quality that made him
the rounded, supreme man of his time, in

34

armony with his age and beautifully fulfilling it.

The reading of the two books in close
roximity was most suggestive. The random
loughts which came of themselves in the read-
lg might be set down in somewhat this order,
irst, that Vasari's artists and Rimbaud, as the
lodern artist, seem set at the opposite poles of
Western civilization. That civilization seems to
ave come full circle. It cannot go back. It
mst become something entirely different. As
le negation of all that has gone before, the
ves of such unfortunate men as Rimbaud may
3em, in retrospect, to have been necessary, to
litiate the clearing of the way for the new age.

The artist of the Renaissance, the Leonardo,
le Raphael, or the Michelangelo of Vasari's
ook, was an assured, protected, proud member
f society. The artist of the twentieth century,
ith rare exceptions, has been a marginal mem-

ber of society. Either, the artist, as the rebel,
has been wicked and wrong in setting his hand
consistently against the ways of the majority, or
that bartering and warring majority has been
wrong. By this time, events outside the world
of art would seem to have borne out the truth
on the side of the outcast artist.

However, the modern artist's position outside
society has not been good for him. It has
warped him, made him shrill in denunciation,
incoherent, and deliberately obscure in his ex-
pressions of the unpalatable truth. But it is
worth repeating, again, that it is these difficult
ones, the outcasts, who have come out best.
They are after all the seers, the prophets of the
age, and their words contain the bitter truth.
For it has turned out to be true, as Rimbaud
said, " The time of the Assassins is here."

lRTHUR RIMBAUD, A Season in Hell, in a New English Translation by Louise Varese, The

few Classics Series, New Directions, Norfolk, Connecticut, 1945

iRTHUR RIMBAUD, Prose Poems from the Illuminations, in a New Translation by Louise

'arese. New Directions, 1946

ASARI'S Lives of the Artists, Abridged and Edited by Betty Burroughs, Simon and Schuster.

lew York, 1946

ontinued from page 27

aid, "Why need we copy the Doric or the
/Othic model? ... if the American artist will
tudy with hope and love the precise thing to be
lone by him, considering the climate, the soil,
he length of the day, the wants of the people,
he habit and form of the government, he will
reate a house in which all these will find them-
elves fitted, and taste and sentiment will be
atisfied also."

Emerson's statement anticipated precisely the
:redo of the modern designer. Here then seems

to be the true spirit of tradition to guide us in
the future!

Sound principles of modern design are ready
for use as we have seen. In addition, material
means in abundance are at our disposal to build
modern American cities and houses. Will we,
the people, meet this challenge turning this
glorious opportunity together into a final cultural
success? This will depend entirely on you and
me, on whether the common man will be in-
different or whether he will understand, respond
and act.

35

CAMPUS CARROUSEL

LOOK I N G BACKWARD

The days between Investiture and spring holidays at
Agnes Scott have been exciting and full. Mortar Board
sponsored "Gab Lab," an informal speech workshop
for students who desire assistance in formal and in-
formal speaking. The February 2 New York Times
reported this and stated that one of the aims was to
help overcome exaggerated southern drawls. This drew
an editorial from the Boston Herald February 8 en-
titled "Save that Drawl." The students had a song
contest January 31 for which the winning Junior Class
composed thirty songs, including the two entered in
the contest, "What We've Got" (at Agnes Scott) and a
suggested alma mater. Both of these songs had original
melodies by Nan Nettles, who shows real promise as a
song-writer. While the judges were making their de-
cision on the songs, a faculty chorus waving purple
and white banners entertained the student body with
some of the old songs. College spirit was good and
weekly "sings" after dinner have developed from the
contest. The administration brought a human relations
counselor, Dr. Grace Sloan Overton, to the campus
for a week in January. She gave a series of lectures
on successful living, treating biological and sociologi-
cal problems, and conducted groups and private con-
ferences on personal problems with students. Dr. Over-
ton was enthusiastically received and it was felt that
her visit did much toward providing the sound counsel
on marriage and personal relations needed by students.
Dr. Donald G. Miller of Union Theological Seminary
in Richmond was the speaker for Religious Emphasis
Week this year. He spoke on "Who Is Jesus?" "What
Is the Meaning of Jesus' Life?" "What Did Jesus Do?"
and "What Must I Do to Be Saved?" Genie Dozier's
dance group of students and alumnae assisted by sev-
eral of her men students presented Giselle in February,

the first full-length ballet ever produced on the campus.
Giselle is the oldest classical ballet still being produced
and is one of the most popular ballets. Genie trans-
cribed the choreography, members of Blackfriars took
the dramatic parts, students from the art department
and Miss Lobeck. art instructor, made the effective
scenery, and Leone Bowers Hamilton '26 designed
some of the costumes. Productions like Giselle and
Kind Lady (see Alumnae Here and There) are not
merely interesting extracurricular activities for stu-
dents but are good entertainment for any audience.
They have been achieved by close cooperation among
the Music, Speech, Art and Physical Education de-
partments.

LOUISE LEWIS ART COLLECTION

Miss Louise Lewis has seen a dream come true and
has received a personal honor from its fulfillment.
This year the Art Department bought a collection of
twenty-one art prints and originals to begin a ciw
culating library of art. The pictures, including the
work of such artists as Rembrandt, Renoir, Van Gogh
and de Chirico, may be borrowed by students for their
dormitory rooms for a period of weeks without charge.
The collection is called "The Louis Lewis Collection of
Fine Arts Prints" and will be enlarged from year to
year so that all students may enjoy good pictures in
their rooms. In making the formal presentation in
chapel March 1, Dr. H. C. Forman, head of the Art
Department, recalled Miss Lewis' forty-two years as art
instructor at Agnes Scott. Dr. Forman spoke on the
value of art and the value of the study of art history
and criticism and of creative courses in art in the
liberal arts curriculum.

36

ACU LTY NEWS

?e are proud that Dr. Catherine Sims, associate pro-
:ssor of history, was selected as Atlanta's Woman of
le Year in Education. The committee of selection
lid: "It would be easy to say that she was chosen
ir her rare combination of brains, unspoiled charm,
;auty, character, and personality. All of those she
as, but the Committee chose her principally for her
jtstanding work with Atlanta's Book Fair." Dr. James
. Gillespie of the Bible Department left Agnes Scott

December to assume the pastorate of the Presby-
rian Church in St. Simons, Ga. Dr. Samuel Cartledge
id Mr. Donald Bailey of Columbia Seminary are as-
sting in the department this spring. Mr. Howard
acGregor resigned in December and the new Assist-
lt Business Manager-Treasurer is Mr. P. J. Bogers Jr.
r. S. M. Christian, head of the Physics Department
ho came to Agnes Scott in 1933, has announced his
signation effective next year. He will do research for
CA in Princeton, N. J. where his work will be helping

put atomic energy to peaceful purposes. Alumna;
cognize the great service these men have given to
gnes Scott and wish them well in their new positions,
bey will not be forgotten at Agnes Scott. Dr. Henry
obinson has undergone another throat operation and
not yet able to teach again. Professor Floyd Field,
tired dean of Georgia Tech, is teaching for Dr.
obinson. Miss Priscilla Lobeck, new art instructor,
on third prize in oils at the annual exhibit of the
ssociation of Georgia Artists at Mercer U. in Macon,
a. in December. Her picture was a still life entitled
Mirror Madness." Other new faculty members this
:ar are Dr. William J. Frierson, professor of chemis-
y, Dr. Elizabeth Crigler, associate professor of chem-
try, Miss Elizabeth Barineau, instructor in Spanish,
id Mrs. Bebekah Clarke, instructor in music. Dr.

H. C. Forman flew to Mexico City for sixteen days at
Christmas to do research in colonial painting. He
visited the old Mayan capital, Chichen Itza, in the
Yucatan and explored the tunnels and passageways
with an Indian guide to study examples of Mayan
culture. Miss MacDougall's book Biology, the Science
of Life has gone into the eighth English printing, and a
Spanish firm has requested permission to print it in
Spanish. There is even talk of a Chinese edition!
Bella Wilson '34 is back as Assistant Dean with duties
relating chiefly to day students.

MARY COX

Mary Cox, favorite negro maid who was connected
with the college for nearly fifty years, died in Decem-
ber. She left her savings of several thousand dollars to
her alma mater, Atlanta University.

COLLEGE CALENDAR

There are several outstanding events yet to be which
were not announced in the fall. Baymond Moley, one
of the editors of Newsweek, will speak on the Public
Lecture Series at 8:30 P.M., May 15. The Glee Club
will give a concert instead of the Gilbert and Sullivan
operetta. At this writing it is tentatively set for
April 19. Miss Helen White, professor of English at
the University of Wisconsin and a member of the
Senate of Phi Beta Kappa, who has returned recently
from Germany, will speak on the English Lectures
Series at 8:30 P.M., April 8, on "The Place of Litera-
ture in the World Today." May Day and Senior Opera
will be May 3. The event of the year will be the faculty
play with an original script written by an anonymous
committee and entitled Shellbound to be given April 12.
The cast is all-facultv.

37

PERSONALLY SPEAKING

Christmas in Bethlehem

"0 little town of Bethlehem, how still we see thee
lie . . ." But on Christmas Eve Bethlehem was any-
thing but still. The streets in front of the Church of
the Nativity seethed with people. The thick voices of
drunken soldiers and the gray swirls of cigarette
smoke made Manger Square seem like an American
carnival, where Arab vendors sold "kubab" meat rolls
and gooey native pastries instead of hot dogs and
coca-colas. At the shop doors merchants attempted
to lure tourists to buy Christmas cards and religious
trinkets, while from the Latin monastery a giant elec-
tric star and a red neon cross shed their light on the
scene.

Although outside in the streets all was confusion,
within the courtyard of the Church of the Nativity
was stillness. In the square patch of sky above the
court, the stars shone on Bethlehem just as they did
two thousand years ago when the new mysterious
sign appeared among them and drew the Wise Men
from the East to seek the infant King. The simple
Anglican service had the magic of Christmas. "0
come, all ye faithful . . ." The bells in the tower
rang out the glad Christmas song.

Inside the transept of the Church, the spicy odor
of burning incense rose from the silver lamps before
the altars and the darkness was alight with innumer-
able flickering candles held by the people waiting to
go down into the grotto of the nativity. This line of
candles seemed to go back into the darkness of the
centuries through which pilgrims have stood there
on Christmas Eve.

The cave beneath the Church is lined with marble
and its walls are draped with richly embroidered
hangings. Directly under the altar of the Church is a
recess which still shows traces of the splendid Byzan-
tine mosaics which once incrusted its sides. On the
floor is a silver star with the inscription, Jesus Christus

natus est hie de Virgine Maria. Nearby is a white
marble manger. There a woman knelt in prayer.

Ruth Kolthoff '44

Designed by Frank Lloyd Wright

Yes, it is true that Frank Lloyd Wright is going to
design a house for us, and he is THE Frank Lloyd
Wright.

In the midst of reading up on new houses with
the intention of building in Akron, we got some
literature on modern architecture, though at first we
had intended to build the conventional colonial home.
But we found that present orthodox building methods
meant going heavily into debt to get even a medium-
sized three-bedroom house. And it meant going with-
out all the little convenient gadgets I had always meant
to have in my home. We were ripe material for
the ideas of sound economy offered by modern
architecture.

We drove up to Michigan to see a project in Kala-
mazoo which included houses by Dow, Stone, Wright,
Stubbins, Yost, Harris and Wills, some of the coun-
try's leading modern architects, since Akron had no
good examples of modern architecture. We were
tremendously impressed, especially by the Wright
house. He is a master, and there is no mistaking it.
His houses are more than houses. We were con-
vinced that we had at last found just what we wanted.

You can't imagine my astonishment to receive a
reply from Wright himself to my letter of inquiry,
saying that he would be glad to help us. It was
arranged that we should go to his home, Taliesin,
near Spring Green, Wisconsin to talk to him.

38

Taliesin is indescribable. Wright has been building
for forty years. The house is U-shaped and set
ound the brow of a hill and almost flowing into
; rolling Wisconsin countryside. The rock for all
: extensive masonry work was dug from a nearby
lside and blends in with the landscape. There are
merous self-supporting balconies and terraces of
ne and concrete and beautiful rock stairways lead-
to different levels of the house. The inside is
gnificent. Wright is the master in the use of light
i shadow, and all over we saw windows and ceiling
els used to produce pictures as beautiful as any
Anting masterpiece. Wright owns one of the most
uable collections of Oriental art and art objects in
s country, and each piece is displayed to perfection.
3ur first meeting with Wright occurred soon after
arrival. We were standing with his secretary,
en we saw over the hill a woman, a huge dog,
I a masculine figure in a long, black, flowing cape, a
i-o'shanter over rather long snow-white hair, a
ving scarf, and a walking stick. This was Wright,
impressive as a character from Shakespeare. We
re a little awed. I felt as if I were being introduced
King Lear!

bright soon put us at ease and began to discuss
house. He speaks of "organic" rather than
odern" architecture, because it grows out of the
ctions for which the house is built. In speaking
our house he was interested in how big a family
were going to have, what our hobbies were, what
d of entertaining we did, etc. At this writing, we
not know what our house is going to be like. It
y be square, round or triangular, but it will be the
lse that is best suited to our needs. Function will
ermine its shape, size, and appearance. We're
ng for the day that it will be completed and we
move in.

Joo Froo Marting '45

Alice in Wonderland, Lewis Carroll

Books I Would Like to Read Soon

The Sermon on the Mount, E. T. Thompson

Henry V, Shakespeare

The Lincoln Reader, Paul M. Angle

It is my hope that this idea will appeal to enough
alumnae to make it worth your attention.

Miriam Bedinger Williamson '41
What Do You Think?

Frankly I regard the class notes as I would a letter
from my roommate. If I am told that Mary and Bill
were married, I am also interested to know that
Barbara was a bridesmaid and that they wore fuchsia
velvet gowns with full-length sleeves. If Joyce's letters
merely told me that Ellen had a new baby daughter,
I'd die of curiosity until I heard how much it weighed.
The old-style accounts were so attractively written
that I always read it from 1897 straight through re-
gardless of the fact that I never heard of half the
people. Some few classes had secretaries who were
more factual than others, and that was their business,
not mine. But I felt deprived of half the news when
the whole set-up became one perfectly mechanical ac-
count born, married, died. It was just a question
of when you graduated from one list to the next! The
flesh and blood were gone for me. It looks as if you
were allowing more ink to that department now.

Elsie West Meehan '38

I am certainly proud of the Quarterly's award. It is

certainly an excellent magazine. I find the articles

most stimulating and like the way news is reported

now very much. r wz n w/ >*i

Grace Walker Winn 41

oks I Have Read

:ently I have been curious and eager to know what
)ks other alumnae are reading. I would like to
)w what books, old and new, I may be reading in
nmon with other alumnae or former teachers and
it they may recommend for my reading. If this
a appeals to you, may I start the ball rolling?

3Ks I Have Recently Read

'en Grass of Wyoming, Mary O'Hara
e of the Twain, Sam Constantino, Jr.

I look forward to each issue of the Alumnae Quarterly
and even my husband, who knows very few Agnes
Scott folks, enjoys reading the various articles.

Helen Klugh McRae '41

I don't give a happy about a dozen articles written
by leading authorities on contemporary painting, etc.
What I want of a Quarterly is news of the college in
general, my friends in particular, and certainly the
occasional numbers I have seen are sadly lacking
in class news. The last one I believe carried nothing

39

more than a list of the subscribers and one or two
changes of address without any comment as to
why all very dead reading when I still think of us
as very much alive!

Comment to a Class President

I feel that it is our fault that you have so little news

to put in the Quarterly. Most of us feel that what w
do is too trivial to send in, but on the other hant
that is just what we would like to know about othe
members of the class.

Martha North Watson Smith '3

ALUMNAE HERE AND THERI

FRANCES CRAIGHEAD DWYER '28 was
chosen Atlanta's Woman of the Year for 1946 in
January after being nominated Woman of the Year
in the Professions. Frances' award was the result of
her three-year fight for a child labor law in Georgia
as Chairman of the Child Labor section of the Georgia
Citizens' Council. The law which was passed in 1946
has been cited by other states for its excellence. The
award was a silver soup tureen. Frances is on the
Board of the Atlanta YWCA, a vice-president of the
Georgia Citizens' Council, Legislative Chairman of
both the Fulton County Council of Parents and Teach-
ers and the Fifth District Federation of Women's
Clubs. She is General Counsel for the Atlanta Legal
Aid Society which gives advice to some 3,000 persons a
year who are not financially able to afford this service.
Frances addressed the National Association of Legal
Aid Organizations at its convention in New York in
October. She spoke to the Agnes Scott students about
this work in chapel in March. She spoke on Child
Labor Exploitation to the Georgia Citizens Council at
their annual conference in October.

HELEN BURKHALTER QUATTLEBAUM
'22 is Chairman of one of the sections of the Youth
Division of the Georgia Citizens Council. She spoke
on Pre-school Child Training at the conference in
October in Atlanta. LUCIA MURCHISON '22
was a delegate to the conference from South Carolina.
Many alumnae attended some or all of the meetings
of the conference which brought Senator Pepper,
former Mayor La Guardia, Dr. Howard McClusky,
Dr. Grace Sloan Overton, Dr. Clyde Miller and other
authorities on human resources to Atlanta to discuss
the improvement of community life.

MARY BLAKEMORE '43 tells an inspiring stor
of the birth of a theological seminary for Filipinos i
Manila. While she was stationed in Manila she wa
one of a group of Christian GI's who met for prayers
The group received a request from some Filipino boy
to be sent to the States for theological training
Through prayer the group was led to establish th
Far Eastern Bible Institute and Seminary in Manil
which would make it unnecessary for Filipinos t
come to this country for training. Land, money
teachers and enthusiasm were secured. Mary and th
other GI's are still contributing to FEBIAS. Mary i
now at the Assembly's Training School in Richmond
Virginia.

PILLY KIM CHOI '26 translated Foster's Story o
the Bible after the mission schools in Korea wer
closed by the Japanese. The translation received
wide circulation. The funds for the book were securei
by CHARLOTTE BELL LINTON '21. Mrs
Choi is now teaching again in the Speer School
Her husband is Vice-Governor of South Chull
Province. Their address is Kwang Ju, South Chulla
Korea.

THYRZA ASKEW'S portrait was recently paintei
and presented to Napsonian School in Atlanta by th
class of 1945. Thyrza was principal of the outstanding
preparatory school for many years.

THELMA RICHMOND '33 is teaching Frencl
and studying at Stanford University this year. Sh
was a reader and translator in the army during th
war and now lives army style in a veterans' com
munity of students. She expresses the feeling of man

40

present crowded conditions. "We feel at home in
se surroundings and we feel at ease with each
er. I think there are more advantages than dis-
antages. We are lucky to be here and we know
at tremendous effort has made it possible."

NA ANDERSON THOMAS '11 and FAN-
E ANDERSON MELLOR '12 sent two very
active small lamps in the shape of swans for the
inmae House this year. The hostess has built sev-
I attractive arrangements around them.

^RY GREENE '24 who is teaching English at
;t Carolina Teachers College directs the college's
hs Bureau. She sends news bulletins daily to some
a newspapers and twenty radio stations. Last year
Bureau got out 8.000 letters. Mary prepared
ty feature articles for publication. She has been
ng this work since 1945. Mary is also advisor for
school paper, teaches classes in American literature
I composition.

ABELLE LEONARD SPEARMAN '29 won
and place in the arrangements class in the Atlanta
nellia Show in January.

lUISE DAVIDSON '09 spent three months in
nee last summer. It was fun to look up friends she

not seen since the war and to find most of her
sessions intact. She went over for French Relief,
istmas she put on a Bazaar and made $500 for

cause. Louise says: "France is making a great
Dvery but living conditions in the devastated areas

miserable. The people need our continued help."

OT PAYNE '17 represented Agnes Scott at the
uguration of Miss Martha Lucas as president of
:et Briar College November 1. KATE RICH-
IDSON WICKER 'IS represented the college
/ember 16 at the inauguration of George Matthews
dlin as president of the University of Richmond.
: of the speakers at the Richmond ceremonies was
vard Stettinius, Jr. LAURA OLIVER FUL-
^R '22, not Mary Ford Kennerly T9 as stated in
last Quarterly, represented the college at the Ala-
la College ceremonies in October.

RA CATHERINE WOOD MARSHALL'S

band has been named Chaplain of the United
tes Senate.

PEG BELL HANNA '21 said that the 200th an-
niversary of the New Providence Church in the Valley
of Virginia brought together VIRGINIA MC-
LAUGHLIN '20, FRANCES GLASGOW PAT-
TERSON, '19, ELLEN WILSON CHAM-
BLISS, MARGARET WADE, FAN McCAA

Mclaughlin '21, and kitty Houston

SHIELD '27. They almost got around to singing
the Alma Mater.

MARY WELLS McNEILL '39 is given credit in
James Truslow Adams' introduction of his Album
of American History for her work as Associate Editor.
Two pictures of Agnes Scott have been requested for
the Album and will probably be used. One is a pic-
ture of Main Building; the other is the picture from
the last Quarterly of the Art Club of 1897.

GRACE ETHERIDGE '27 had an oil painting
accepted for an artists' exhibit in the Corcoran Gal-
lery in Washington, D. C. The painting is one done
last summer on Cape Cod. It shows an old stove in
an artist friend's studio. The stove, over a hundred
years old, used to be in the fire headquarters of
Provincetown. Grace teaches art in the Friends'
School in Washington and is the director of the
department. Grace has suggested an All-Alumnae Art
Exhibit at Agnes Scott!

MARY VICK BURNEY, Inst., Librarian at the
University of Tennessee Junior College, took the
initiative in establishing the second regional library
administered by a state institution of higher learning
in the Tennessee Regional Library Program. The
service began in 1941 and was first financially sup-
ported entirely by TV A. The program is to include
ten regional libraries in the state, and $185,000 an-
nual appropriation has been made for the state's 50
percent share in their support.

NANCY GRAHAM ROGERS '34 received the
first Exceptional Civil Service Award given by the
Army to a woman at Walter Reed Hospital in Wash-
ington, D. C, October 30. She received the award
for her services as bacteriologist with the Division
of Virus and Rickettsial Diseases, Army Medical Cen-
ter. The citation referred to her important work in
developing vaccines while on a mission to Guatemala
in 1943.

SALLY BRODNAX HANSELL '23 and her hus-
band Granger have bought Mimosa Hall, a famous old

41

home in Roswell, Ga., once owned by Granger's great-
grandfather. They will move into the house April 1.
The gardens are bordered with ancient boxwood and
filled with roses, valley lilies, violets, iris, hemerocallis
and all of the spring bulbs. The 20-by-40-foot drawing
room has twin fireplaces. Roswell is a quaint little
town near Atlanta which was once the home of a
colony of Southern aristocrats. Two of the other
beautiful old mansions in Roswell are now the homes
of Agnes Scott alumnae: Naylor Hall which is the
home of Camilla Moore Merts '44 and Bulloch Hall,
home of Virginia Wing Power '26.

ROBERTA WINTER '27 is accomplishing
miracles with Blackfriars these days. The club pro-
duces plays with the finish of a professional company
as a result of Roberta's infinite care for details. In
the February production of Kind Lady, which is set
in Beekman Place in New York City, some of the
lines had to be changed to bring the references up to
date. Since Katherine Cornell lives in the Beekman
Place neighborhood, she was called by telephone and
supplied the information needed for authenticity.
ISABELLE LEONARD SPEARMAN '29 was
one of the alumnae and friends who supplied some
of the numerous art objects needed. MARY SAY-
WARD ROGERS '28 was one of the judges for
the annual Claude S. Bennett award for the best piece
of acting during the year.

DOROTHY SMITH '30 is a precis-writer for one
of the committees of United Nations, having qualified
through examination for the position which requires
precise translation and thorough familiarity with the
language. During the war she was attached to the
French Naval Mission in Washington as a lieutenant
(j.g.) in the WAVES. Dorothy's address is 400 E. 58th
St., Apt. 17-A, New York City.

RUTH SLACK SMITH '12, RACHEL HEN-
DERLITE '28, BETTY GASH '29, ELOISE

GAINES WILBURN '28, and CAROLINE Mc
KINNEY HILL CLARKE '27 visited Mis
McKinney and Dr. Sweet in December togethei
Alumnae will be interested to know that Miss McKin
ney's portrait painted several years ago has bee
moved to the old "Y" Room in Main Building whic
is now called the McKinney Room.

MILDRED CLARK '36 is a proofreader in th
Office of the Chief of Counsel in Nurnberg, Germany
working on the record of the war trials. Mildrei
says that she has brushed up her French since tw
of the girls working in her office are French. Sh
regrets that she has never studied German but feel
that she will learn to speak the language from asso
ciation with the Germans who work in the Palac
of Justice and other contacts with the German peopk
The record is to be printed in English, French, Gei
man and Russian. Mildred writes: "It is depressin,
to see the ruins and the crushed spirit of the people
This old city must have been splendid once, but hoa
it is almost completely shattered. Still, the peopl
scurry around busily and with limited tools, coal am
other facilities, seem to be cleaning it up ... On
of our intelligent German guides told us that th
German people are filled with despair and believ
that they will starve to death. That is the situatio:
in so many of the countries. It is ironic, especiall
when the world is so marvelously equipped in re
sources for taking care of everybody." Mildred say
that there is need for more people over there. An
alumnas interested should write to the Overseas Per
sonnel Branch, War Dept., Pentagon Bldg., Wash
ington, D. C.

LAURA ROBINSON'S ('31) article on Censoi
ship in Republican Drama, dealing with the days o
the Roman Republic and prepared for a meeting o
classical scholars in St. Louis, was published in th
December issue of The Classical Journal.

"The thing about a liberal is that he would give us all time and even times to unfold our story and
show what we mean." Robert Frost at Agnes Scott, March 1947.

42

ICROLOGY

;sident J. R. McCain's brother, Dr. Paul McCain,
Standing for his work against tuberculosis in North
rolina and father of Sara McCain McCollum '39,
ne McCain '45 and Todd McCain, student at Agnes
)tt, was killed in an automobile accident in Novem-

while he was driving to a meeting in Raleigh,
rth Carolina.

'o of the trustees of Agnes Scott died during the
I: Mrs. S. M. Inman, church and civic leader of
anta; and Mr. Francis M. Holt, an attorney from
:ksonville. Mrs. Inman was in her thirtieth year
a trustee and had figured largely in the growth and
/elopment of Agnes Scott, as had other members of

family. She died December 28. Mr. Holt, who
s serving his fourteenth year as a trustee, died
vember 6.

Institute

la Adkins Sharp's husband, Lewis D. Sharp of
anta, executive of the Southern Bell Telephone &
legraph Company, died December 3 after a long

less.

rinne Davis Fraser (Mrs. Wallace J.) has been
id for some time, according to information re-
ved by the office. Her husband also is dead.

inces Fisher Warren (Mrs. A. C.) lost her hus-
id last fall.

isie Hefley Waller (Mrs. George) died February 16,
16.

uise Inglis Love (Mrs. Meade A.) died suddenly
tober 16, 1946 at her home in Quincy, Fla. Her
ighter, Sara Love, attended Agnes Scott with the
ss of '34.

nie Eugenia McCalla died April 17, 1946.

McKenney McCormack (Mrs. P. J.) died March 1
Atlanta after a long illness.

illie Norman is dead.

gusta Randall died November 28, 1944.

i Shaw Key (Mrs. Stephen E.) died February 20,
16.

chel Shellman Crawford (Mrs. W. B. Sr.) has
:n dead for several years.

Nan Stephens died December 29 in Atlanta after a
long illness. She had written several famous plays
and books and a one-act opera, Cabildo, which was
produced last year by the University of Georgia. She
had been chairman of the music section of the National
Federation of Music for two years,. Her sister,
Grace, is an alumna of the Academy.

Alice Stephens Morris (Mrs. Charles H.) died De-
cember 22 in Atlanta. She was a sister of Nan
Stephens and of Grace Stephens who is an alumna
of the Academy.

Academy

Ruth Sykes Sherwood (Mrs. Richard H.) died in Buf-
falo, N. Y., February 13.

1909
Vera Holley Stone (Mrs. A. H.) died November 21,
1941.

Annie Palmer Cate (Mrs. George 0.) died Novem-
ber 28.

1911
Fannie Rhea Bachman Summers's husband, Thomas P.
Summers, president of a bank in Rogersville, Tenn.,
died in Knoxville after a series of heart attacks
December 2.

1913
Dorothy Selby Howard (Mrs. Whitner) died Decem-
ber 22 after suffering a heart attack last May and
an attack of virus pneumonia in December.

1917
Georgia Hewson died in Richmond. Va., in December.

1920
Rose Abercrombie Burgess (Mrs. Ben Hugh) died
last October in Atlanta.

1920
Mary Emily Hudson Andrews (Mrs. George S.) died
last year.

Maggie Trawick Aiken (Mrs. F. D. Jr.) died in the
summer of 1945.

1921

Aimee Glover Little's mother died in February.

43

1922
Frances Heidi Waller (Mrs. George) is dead.

1923
Anna Jennings Woodson (Mrs. J. P.) died last May.

1924
Ruth DeZouche died September 3.

Josephine Havis died last March 9 after a sudden
heart attack.

1927
Frances Rainey McDaniel (Mrs. Carroll K.) died
December 18 in Newport News, Va.

1931
Dorothy Kethley's father died in January.

Kay Morrow Norem's husband, Walter Norem, died
of a heart attack February 21. Kay has two children
and has made no plans for the future yet.

Clara Morrison Backer's grandmother, Mrs. Susie Reep
Morrison, died in Florida in February. Another
granddaughter is Margaret Morrison Rlumberg '38.

1937
Mary Helen Chandler Morris (Mrs. Edwin B. Jr.)
died April 22, 1946 of a heart attack.

1941
Grace Walker Winn's mother died November 12.

Agnes Harvey died about five years ago after an
unsuccessful operation for goiter.

1945
Jane Kreiling Mell's father, R. G. Kreiling, died last
October.

Dot Hunter's mother, Mrs. C. W. Hunter, died
November 3.

1935

1946

Susan Watson has been dead several years.

Betty Weinschenk's father died in February.

continued from page 2

The marriage percentage. The statistics class under
the Math Department made a study of the marriage
percentage of alumnae this year and have fresh data
to offer for that much-argued percentage:

71% of all alumna; are married. By the end of
the summer, one out of four of the class of 1946
were married. Within fifteen years after gradua-
tion, nearly three out of four alumna? have said,
"I do." This long-term trend computed a dozen
years ago was nearly 19 out of 24, with the non-
graduates in the lead. This was due perhaps to
the fact that non-graduates have two years, on the

average, longer in the field! This trend is now
reversed with the graduates in the lead. A new
non-graduate, tied to a job finds it hard to say
"yes" to a poor ex-GI who makes half her war-
time salary. Anyway the "percentage" situation
is encouraging despite the scarcity of men!

Foreign students. We have some additional news
of a few of our former exchange students which will
be found in Alumnae Here and There and in the news
section for Special Students at the end of Class News
in this issue. No arrangements have been made yet
for exchange students at Agnes Scott again, but we
hope they will be coming soon.

44

HE AGNES SEDTT

ALUMNAE OUARTERLY

summer 1947

ALUMNAE DAY AT AGNES SCOTT

"Some of them had tiny children with them. Some had come to see daughters, nieces or younger sisters receive their degree;
A few brought their husbands along. They came from as far away as Boston, Miami, Arkansas and from all over Georgia
One, Mrs. Harry Barnes, of Greenville, Ga., had just returned from Tokyo where her husband was in service. They wanderei
around the beautiful old campus and looked wistfully at the old buildings and wide-eyed at the new ones. T remembe
. . . ' And 'This has been added since I was here.' Then 'Why, Margie, what is your new name? Hello Hazel, it's beet
years since I've seen you.' Said one in her thirties: 'I didn't know whether this trip was going to make me feel youthfu
again or a decrepit 95. I think it's going to make me feel 95.' They watched the seniors in their caps and gowns and th
sprightly sophomores in white march into the May Day dell with the traditional daisy chain. And they remembered whei
they were seniors down there in the dell, with daisies on their shoulders and the world at their feet. It was Alumnae Day
More than 400 alumnae came back in their largest reunion since 1939. Many of them are spending the weekend in the dormi
tory rooms they occupied when . . ." So ran The Atlanta Constitution's story June 1 to accompany their front page pictur
shown on our front cover. In the picture are Jane Meadows, secretary, and Betty Jean Radford, life president of the class o
1947, with Georgiana White Miller and Regina Pinkston '17, looking at the 1897 and 1898 yearbooks, the first published a
Agnes Scott. The books were given to the Alumnae Association by Edith West, Inst. Betty Jean was this year's winner
the Hopkins Jewel.

THE AGNES SCOTT ALUMNAE QUARTERLY

Agnes Scott College, Decatur, Ga. Summer 194't

Alumnae Day Report Volume 25 No.

PORTRAIT OF MISS LANEY Jane Guthrie Rhodes

CLASS REUNIONS

CAMPUS CARROUSEL

ALUMNAE HERE AND THERE

CLUB NEWS

CLASS NEWS

TAMIKO OKAMURA WRITES inside back cove

Published jour times a year (November, February, April and July) by the Alumnae Association of Agnes Scott College at Decatm
Georgia. Contributors to the Alumnae Fund receive the magazine. Yearly subscription, $2.00. Single copies, 50 cents. Entered a
second-class matter at the Post Office of Decatur, Georgia, under Act of August. 24, 1912.

RENEW YOUR ALUMNAE MEMBERSHIP NOW WITH A GIFT FOR 194746

MISS EMMA MAY LANEY

mpressions in Chiaroscuro by Jane Guthrie Rhodes '38

f we were painting a portrait of Miss Laney. this is
/hat we would put in it. We would begin with a jagged
ine on the left slanting up to the top of the canvas. This
ne (for the benefit of those who must have their modern
rt explained) represents a mountain. On the right-hand
ide of the canvas we would paint a staggering stack of
ooks to balance the mountain. And at the top of the
anvas, peeping down through ethereal clouds like guiding
pirits or the saints in an Italian fresco, would be three
f Miss Laney's favorite poets, Geoffrey Chaucer, John
[eats, T. S. Eliot, and a student, capped, gowned and
tarry eyed.

In the lower foreground of our portrait you would see,
ketched at three different age levels, the same irresistible
hild. A little girl with thin legs, dark fly-away hair and
urious hazel eyes. In one pose she is four and stands on
Ihristmas morning before a blazing hearth in the dining
oom of her home, reaching for the long-awaited doll
Mich her father holds out to her. In this short distance
etween the outstretched arms of father and daughter we
rould try to put all of the aching suspense felt in Michel-
ngelo's Creation of Adam, for this is Miss Laney's most
ivid memory of her father who died when she was four.

In our second sketch the irresistible child is ten. She
prawls beneath a peach tree, her long legs crossed be-
ind her. avidly reading George Eliot and munching on a
>ig white peach with the heart of a rose. ("There have
lever been peaches like those in the orchard at home . . ." )

In the third sketch our model is fifteen and ready for
ollege. She stands straight and tall in her regulation
cavy blue skirt and shirtwaist, pushing her hair away
rom her face impatiently. And her eyes, which are the
nost unforgettable part of her, look levelly into the
uture.

Now! for the center the nucleus of our picture. Here
n a swiftly moving circle you would see countless symbolic
ibjects. The cliffs of Dover, the green lakes of Scotland,
;olf clubs and tennis rackets, first editions and short-
tand hieroglyphics, mathematical equations, sets of letters
ncluding Ph.D., P.B.K. and A.S.C., fluttering theme
japers, numerous grade books and finally the head of
Robert Frost. All of these run together like Little Black
Sambo's tigerghi. Rising out of this melange would be the
ace of Miss Laney, strong, alive and intelligent, with one

eye painted a burning grey and the other a deep reflective
blue, to show how her eyes change with her mood. On
looking at this face you would forget everything else in
the picture, just as today when you meet her, you forget
what she is wearing and only later recall that it was some-
thing finely tailored, woodland toned and a perfect back-
drop for her face.

But enough of an imaginary portrait which was intended
to be more of an hors d'oeuvre than a chef-d'oeuvre a
little taste of the word picture to come.

Miss Laney received us at the end of school in a room
already being dismantled but not yet devoid of that pecu-
liar charm which a person of strong individuality always
brings to her living quarters. Books and bowls of white
roses greeted us as we entered. Although the soft green
rug and blending drapes had been removed, the room's
color scheme was still visible. Done in forest greens and
wood browns with brilliant splashes of yellow, like sun-
shine falling here and there, the room seemed to grow
around us, dim and cool, a refreshing sylvan glade trans-
ferred from the woods in which Miss Laney loves to walk.

We particularly admired her grouping along one wall of
a low table, a green-bronze lamp, a Gould bird print in
green and immediately beneath it, an occasional chair
slip-covered in gleaming yellow satin-stripes. We wanted
to stop then and there and examine all her books with
their famous signatures and personal messages from
today's leading literati. But. as we have said before,
when you are with Miss Laney you concentrate on her
first, and then on her surroundings, if there is time enough.

Our hostess relaxed in an armchair on the evening of
our interview, as calm and gracious as if she had nothing
else to do. In reality, this was her last free evening before
her early departure for the home of her sister-in-law who
would undergo a major operation upon Miss Laney's
arrival. There were exam papers to be graded, the pack-
ing to finish, the operation of a beloved member of the
family to contemplate and plans for a summer study in
California to complete. Yet, Miss Laney sat recalling
events from her past (which she considers unimportant
and a little dull) with a poise which must spring, we
concluded, from a sense of being prepared and. as we
learned later, from a strict adherence to routine. "I don't
see how anyone lives without routine," Miss Laney con-
fided.

While we were admiring her composure, all the more
praiseworthy in a sensitive vibrant nature like Miss
Laney's, for it is achieved only by years of self-discipline,
we were also noticing how little time seems to change her.
Her hair was still as black, with the same faint touch of
distinguished grey, as we remembered it in freshman
English years ago. Her hands and her eyes (where a
woman ages first) and her face, with its remarkably
strong features, were the same as when they once fasci-
nated us in sophomore English, through Chaucer and the
English Novel and finally in Modern Poetry class.

We were conscious of only one change. And that was
in the growth and dimensions of her mind. How we envy
the students who will attend Miss Laney's lectures on Mod-
ern Poetry next year! For she is using her recent Carnegie
grant to study the poetry of Robinson Jeffers this summer,
at the Huntington Library in Pasadena. Her students will
doubtless hear interesting comparisons made between the
various movements of modern art and modern poetry, too.
For with her passion for relating all forms of knowledge,
Miss Laney has also become interested in modern art
Picasso and Rosseau being among her favorites.

Although Miss Laney protests that her memory is not
good, we found her recollections of her childhood vivid
and fascinating.

"I was born on a plantation near Pleasant Grove, Missis-
sippi," she began, "and I remember the big swing in the
front yard where all of us (two sisters and three brothers)
used to swing. There was an old sorghum mill near the
swing. I remember, mule-drawn and attended by an old
colored servant named Uncle Jim who let us take turns
riding around on the back of the mule. When I was four,
my father died and we moved into town. I don't know how
my mother managed it alone, but she clothed, fed and
educated all six of us. We had a comfortable home there
on the edge of town and owned a family carriage and
horse.

"It was a two-seated surrey," Miss Laney recalled with
a smile, "which I soon learned to drive. I took pride in
harnessing Dobbin, the gentle bay, too, and even endured
the job of currying for the feeling of self-reliance it gave
me. Our closest neighbors were the Stones and the Iver-
sons. With the children of these two families we formed
a sort of neighborhood gang, driving into town together
in the surrey, exchanging parties, playing paper dolls,
ball, jumping rope and climbing trees.

"But I suppose," Miss Laney continued, "the things I
enjoyed most about my perfectly normal childhood were
reading and exploring the woods and fields around home.
My mother always went with us, no matter how much she
had to do. She would be waiting for us when we came
home from school and off we'd go to gather violets, dog-
wood and sweet shrubs in the springtime or chestnuts and
hickory nuts in the fall. The woods and the orchard with

its fragrant pear and peach trees were my favorite places.

"As for reading . . . well, I started to school when I
was five and soon began to read everything I could get my
hands on. I wept through all of the Elsie books, eagerly
consumed Louisa M. Alcott, Dickens, Mark Twain, the
novels of Hawthorne and Sir Walter Scott. I was thrilled
beyond words when an aunt of mine gave me a copy of
the Leather Stocking Tales. My mother must have super-
vised our reading because I remember devouring Augusta
J. Evans' Thelma: Land of the Midnight Sun behind a
geography book at school rather than bringing this paper-
back novel home. But she found out about it, anyway,
and agreed to let me finish the novel if I would look up
all the long words."

English came naturally to Miss Laney, then, and
did the rest of her subjects. "Everything was easy," Miss
Laney said with a sigh, "too easy. I sailed through every-
thing and probably understood about half of it." In high
school Miss Laney belonged to the literary society, entered
actively into sports and, after considerable cmestioning on
our part, finally recalled that she won a medal for the
highest scholastic average in her class upon graduation.

College was the next step. And Mississippi State Col-
lege for Women the logical choice because of its prox-
imity, high scholastic rating, and the fact that Miss Laney's
two sisters had finished there. Out of the two hundred in
her freshman class, only twenty graduated. Needless to
say, Miss Laney was one of these successful graduates.
Her four years at M.S.C.W. were filled with fun and work.
She became president of the Y.W.C.A., wrote essays for
the college magazine, made the basketball team and the
dean's list with equal ease, studied, among other subjects,
English, analytical trigonometry, solid geometry, physics,
chemistry, French, Latin (all four years) and managed
to include courses in typing and shorthand which proved
invaluable later on.

During her summer vacations she took odd jobs to help
out with expenses. One summer she worked as a dentist's
stenographer and the next, as a political campaigner's
secretary. In the summer between her junior and senior
years she suffered her first real illness when, on a confer-
ence to Asheville, N. C. she contracted typhoid fever. "My
hair came out of course," Miss Laney reminisced, "and I
hoped it would come back curly, but it didn't. The rest of
the trip, however, was lovely. We had rooms in the old
Kenilworth Inn, took long mountain hikes, and admired
the daisies that covered the hillsides like snow."

Miss Laney's two fondest college memories are of an.
old house named the Narwe Cotage and a teacher named
Miss Orr. By her senior year, the college had outgrown
its boundaries and Miss Laney and her classmates were
allowed to move across the street from the campus to a
stately old house which had been reconverted into a dormi-
tory. Here they lived in splendid independence, a merry

ongenial group, many of them English majors, and they
lorrowed the perfect name for "their house" from the
hin's Priest's Tale

A povre wydwe, somdeel stape in age
Was whilom dwellyng in a narwe cotage,
Biside a grove, stondynge in a dale.
Miss Orr was the professor who first opened the gates
f Chaucer, Beowulf. Browning and all English literature
3 Miss Laney. "She had the gift of arousing enthusiasm,"
liss Laney commented, unconsciously describing her own
reat talent as a teacher. It had never occurred to us that
ur fountainhead had her source of inspiration, too. Sud-
enly we perceived the endless cycle of learning that has
een passed from teacher to student down through the
ears. We wanted to tell Miss Laney how many of her
wn students remembered her as she was remembering
[iss Orr at the moment; how many of us are reading
lore seriously now than we ever did in college; that we
ever come across a new poet or read a stirring passage
ithout wondering what her reaction to it would be.
?e wanted to thank- her for teaching us to read, to dis-
iminate between the good and the worthless, for mak-
ig us dissatisfied with the mediocre and. most important
: all. for helping us relate what we read to our everyday
ving. But we were silenced by the realization that "swich
lkyng is nat worth a boterflye" to Miss Laney who is
ore impressed by deeds than words.

"The year after graduation," she continued, unaware of
lr inner struggle. "I went back to M.S.C.W. as an instruc-
r in English. The following summer I began my grad-
ite work at Chicago University and later came to Agnes
;ott, the Academy then. After two years of teaching
ere I went to Queens College in Charlotte, then to Gallo-
ay College on the edge of the Ozarks and back to Agnes
;ott in 1920. I've been here ever since," she concluded.
:xcept for a two years' leave of absence when I took my
>ctorate at Yale."

Today, at Agnes Scott, Miss Laney is as well known for
:r capable chairmanship of the Public Lecture Associa-
>n as she is for her teaching. Through her efforts many
ading men of letters have appeared on the campus dur-
g the past twenty-seven years . . . Carl Sandburg. Vachel
ndsay. Mary Ellen Chase, Thornton Wilder, John Gun-
er and Robert Frost, to name only a few. Miss Laney
icame personally acquainted with all of these visiting
'tables, arranging for their rooms, keeping their sched-
es as simple as possible and even selecting, with tin-
ring taste, the flowers and appropriate reading matter
be left in their rooms. The lecturers' gratitude to their
istess is evident in the many notes which they scribbled
the flyleaves of her books. John Galsworthy sent Miss
mey a letter which she is saving for posterity, while
jbert Frost, a particular friend, gave her a collection
first editions and original manuscripts which Miss

Laney has already turned over to the college library.
Since the lectures of the Agnes Scott Lecture Association
are now open to the public, Miss Laney 's influence in
securing year after year the leading authorities in the
fields of art, music, literature, history and current events,
cannot be overestimated.

In addition to her teaching and her work on the Lecture
Association, Miss Laney has also served as faculty advisor
to the Agnes Scott Poetry Club since its organization, is an
honorary member and past president of Agnes Scott's
Phi Beta Kappa Chapter, has served on the advisory
boards of Mortar Board (three years) and of the
Y.W.C.A., is a charter member and past vice-president of
the Atlanta English Club. She has received the dedica-
tion of the college yearbook and has lectured to alumnae
groups in Atlanta, Charlotte, Birmingham, and Washing-
ton. D. C.

With all of this. Miss Laney still finds time to play.
Until recently, tennis was her choice of campus sports
and the annual faculty tennis tournament one of her
favorite projects. But golf holds her affections now.
"There is something about the full sweep of the sky over
a golf course," Miss Laney explains, "the sloping fair-
ways, the sun and the wind, the change of seasons as you
play that is very exciting. Everyone ought to play golf,"
she finished.

At the end of a busy school day, when there is not
enough time for a game of golf. Miss Laney takes walks.
This does not mean, as many of her companions have
discovered, the circumventing of a few city blocks, but a
real cross-country hike at a stiff pace. Walking with Miss
Laney is an experience an exercise. But if you can keep
up with her, you will find at the end of these excursions,
pictures of memorable beauty. A hillside covered with
hepaticas. perhaps, or a section of the woods unnoticed
until it comes alive, glowing like an ancient tapestry, in
the fall. For wherever she is, Miss Laney knows the sur-
rounding countryside like one of her own books.

In the summer when she isn't studying. Miss Laney
travels and climbs mountains. She has scaled Pikes Peak
twice and mastered many of the mountains in the lower
Colorado Basin. Before the war, she made three trips to
England, including a tour of Scotland and Ireland. "I
have never been seasick," Miss Laney disclosed, "al-
though we went through two terrific storms on different
crossings. I attended plays in London, spent a week at
Canterbury, stood on the shore where the Angles. Saxons,
and Jutes first landed, walked through fields of lavender
and watched the sea from the cliffs of Dover, reliving King
Lear and the sonnets of Wordsworth. I would like to
spend all my summers in England," she concluded.

This seemed to us little enough to ask in return for a
lifetime of teaching. We were reminded again of the
ironic lot of teachers everywhere who must give up many

things which would enrich their minds and the minds of
their students in order to live within their salaries. It
made us want to launch an alumnae campaign for a
Faculty Fund on the spot. Buildings and the latest class-
room facilities are necessary, too, but after all. a college
can be no better than its faculty, we thought. Then, notic-
ing the time on Miss Laney's clock, we rose regretfully to
leave.

Our hostess went with us down the red brick path,
beneath the lofty magnolias and across the moonlit
campus. As she stood bidding us goodnight, we realized
suddenly the impossibility of presenting all the facets of
a single human personality especially one well-known

and beloved. We knew then that our portrait of Miss
Laney would have to be in chiaroscuro, with many qual-
ities left in the dark for the few brought to light. Yet
these few characteristics which we have uncovered, her
determination and energy, her sensitivity to beauty and
ability to transfer this appreciation to her students, her
impatience with the lazy mind, her intellectual curiosity,
her mature charm and consideration for others these are
enough to fill a book. Here, we thought, is a heroine
worth reading about, one who, in striking contrast to the
protagonists of today's psychoanalytical novels, dares to
live by her ideals and has found happiness in serving
others.

Eliza King Paschall '38, president of the Alumnae
Association, greets the new Alumnae Secretary, Alum-
nae Fund Director and Quarterly Editor (in short,
Director of Alumnae Affairs), Eleanor Hutchens '40,
who will also be in charge oj publicity for the College.
Eleanor is editor of The Mortar Board Quarterly
and until her resignation in July teas City Editor of
the Huntsville (Alabama) Times. She has her M.A.
in English from the University of Pennsylvania.
Emily Higgins '45 continues as Assistant Secretary in
charge of files and is also House Manager-Hostess.
June Thomason '47 joins the staff as Office Assistant
for financial records. Miss Betty Hayes of Decatur
will continue as Manager of the Alumnae Tearoom.
Eugenia Symms '36 resigned July 1 as Alumnae Fund
Director and plans to study for an M.A. in Education.
Mary Jane King '37 resigned August 15 as Alumnae
Secretary and Editor to do graduate work.

CLASS REUNIONS AT COMMENCEMENT

dAY 31 was a beautiful day and it started early! At the
Uumnae House registration for rooms, meals, name tags, etc.
vas over quickly. Emma Pope Moss Dieckmann and Frances
Jilliland Stukes greeted everyone and provided refreshments,
hiring the morning, class and club officers discussed alumnae
ffairs and organized the Officers Council of which Frances
iadford Mauldin was elected Chairman. Members of the
granddaughters Club conducted tours of the campus. On the
orches of Rebekah four hundred alumnae and trustees gath-
red for the Trustees' Luncheon served as a seated meal for
le first time since the war. Classes were seated together. Two
ining rooms were needed to seat everyone. (The new dining
x>m is located in the old chapel.) The annual meeting of
le Association which followed was held in Presser Hall and
as divided into two sessions so that the trustees and the
lumnae might be together for short greetings from Mr. Win-
lip, Chairman of the Board of Trustees, the administrative
fficers of the College, and the presidents of the Alumnae
ssoeiation and of the Senior Class. After the meeting, Tish
ockmore Lange invited the alumnae to a Coca-Cola party
i the Alumnae Garden to which the faculty had been invited,
hat night the reunion classes had dinner together in the
lumnae^ House where almost a hundred were seated. Lib
orman '36 was the wandering mistress of ceremonies who
ade announcements and accused the class of '37 of using
rfair means to gather the largest crowd of any class. A group
thirty-odd sophomores led by Reese Newton came in to
ng four of the songs written by students for the song contest
st year. On the walls of the tearoom the work of alumnae
lists, designers and photographers belonging in the new
lumnae Art Collection had been arranged by Leone Bowers
amilton. Each class elected a new secretary and discussed
ass business or just talked. The House was open during
e weekend for informal groups. Some alumnae stayed over
shop in Atlanta on Monday. Most of us were surprised
see everyone so unchanged since the last time, and all of
discovered again how much fun it is to get together. News
individuals will be found in the regular Class News sections.

inie Louise Harrison Waterman, special correspondent, spent
i days on the campus just before commencement but had

leave on business just before Alumnae Weekend. About
enty Institute alumnae were on the campus during the
tekend. Lula Kingsberry Wilson was at the reunion dinner,
mline Johnson Muirhead sent beautiful gladioli and purple
d white statis from Jungle Farms, which her husband and
a operate in Florida. Wires were received from Louise
ividson and Effie Means McFadden. A very interesting coi-
tion of pictures was assembled from those sent by Annie
uise Harrison Waterman, Marie Gower Conyers, Leona
right Hardman, Katherine Reneau Alley, Susie Fairbanks
affe. Laura Haygood Roberts, Hattie Erwin Perkins, Emma
ay Robertson, Lucile Shuford Bagby, Mary Payne Bullard.
11a McFadden Berry and Stella Austin Stannard. Letters

greeting came from Mayme Parrott Wood, Mary Lovice
npson, Annie Bachman McClain, Lillie 0. Lathrop, Emma
kew Clark, Lallie Calhoun Kent, Ella Smith Durham, and
irriette Winn Revere.

ade my

large group of the Academy alumnae attended the Trustees'
ncheon. Reservations for the Reunion Dinner came from
lie Whitney Lee, Hallie Tumlin Jones and Marie Johnson
rt, who arrived Saturday morning after a trip over Georgia
which she lectured to garden clubs on horticulture and
f/er arrangement. Elsie Lutz Lee wired regrets. Greetings

came from Ruth Jordan Garlick, Elise Crouch Maxwell,
Clarice Chase Marshall. Marion Curry. Josephine Erwin and'
Louise Archibald Gillespie.

1917
Reported by Isabel Dew

Ten members of the class attended the Trustees' Luncheon
and elected Augusta Skeen Cooper life president of the class.
Mary Eakes Rumble, former president, had died since the last
reunion. Jane Harwell Rutland, Frances Thatcher Moses,
Katherine Simpson, Regina Pinkston, Georgiana White Miller^
Willie Belle Jackson McWhorter, Augusta Skeen Cooper,
Maude Shute Squires, Mynelle Blue Grove and I were present.
After the luncheon most of us enjoyed the garden party
because it gave us a chance to see the faculty, especially Dr.
McCain, Dr. Sweet and Miss McKinney, all of whom seemed
quite well. Augusta invited us all to a beautiful luncheon at
the Piedmont Driving Club on Sunday but only six of us
were able to get there Augusta, Jane, Katherine, Willie Belle,
Maude and I. Jane Rutland was elected secrtary of the class
and plans were begun to interest everybody in getting back
to our next reunion in 1952. With an alumnae register to
guide us. we asked about every member of the class, their
accomplishments and their children! Willie Belle was made
chairman of a committee to see if the gifts of the class to the
Alumnae Fund might be put together to furnish some room in
the Alumnae House. We missed those "seventeeners'' who
couldn't be with us and we were saddened by the death of Mary
Eakes Rumble and May Smith Parsons. Telegrams of greeting
were received from Vallie Young Hamilton, Gjertrud Amund*
sen Siqueland and Spott Payne.

1918
Caroline Larendon, Hallie Alexander Turner and Eva Maie
Willingham Park represented the class at the Reunion Dinner.
Suggestions were made for a new class secretary. When the
acceptance is received, this will be announced.

1919

Blanche Copeland Jones, Elizabeth Dimmock Bloodworth and
Llewellyn Wilburn were present at the Reunion Dinner.
Blanche was elected secretary of the class and will serve for
five years.

1920

Elizabeth Marsh Hill and .Margaret Shive Bellingrath attended
the dinner for 1920. Julia Hagood Cuthbertson was suggested
for class secretary and she has agreed to serve. Elizabeth
Moss Harris attended some of the commencement activities.

1936

Second in attendance at the reunion dinner, 1936 was repre-
sented by both of its class officers and eighteen others. Meriel
Bull Mitchell, Floyd Butler Goodson, Alice McCallie Pressly,
Ann Bernard Martin, Myra O'Neal Enloe, Ori Sue Jones, Jean
Hicks, Eugenia Symms, Ellen Johnston, Virginia Gaines Rag-
land, Sara Lawrence. Lib Forman. Dean McKoin, Sara Frances
Estes, Mary Margaret Stowe Hunter. Kitty Cunningham Rich-
ards, Marjorie Hollingsworth, Ruby Hutton Barron, Sarah
Frances McDonald and Catherine Bates. Lib proudly boasted
that '36 had more out-of-town girls back than any class.
Frances Miller Felts had reservations to come but was pre-
vented by illness in the family. She sent pictures of Julie
(born in December) instead. Mildred Clark wrote a long
letter of greeting to the class from Nuremburg, Germany.
Sarah Frances McDonald was elected secretary for the next
five years.

1937

Twenty-one members of the class had dinner together and
enjoyed the still simple, subtle wit of Nellie Margaret Gilroy
Gustafsen who was at the time en route to Texas. Those pres-
ent were Martha Summers Lamberson, president, Kitty Daniel
Spicer, secretary, Molly Jones Monroe, Martha Head Conlee,
Vivienne Long McCain. Frances Steele Gordy, Faxie Stevens
Preston, Jane Estes, Cornelia Christie Eldredge, Ora Muse,
Mary Jane King, Laura Steele, Nellie (see above), June Mat-
thews Blackwell, Marie Stalker Smith, Lucile Dennison Wells,
Fannie B. Harris Jones, Mary Kneale Avrett, Florence Lasseter
Rambo, Mildred Tilly and Sarah Johnson Linney. Annie
Laura Galloway Phillips sent a letter to the class and a picture
of Rebecca Anne and herself. Hannah sent pictures of her
two children and word of her disappointment in not coming.
Mary Johnson, Chelle Furlow Oliver and Mary Willis Smith
sent letters. Frances Wilson Hurst sent a special gift repre-
senting part of the cost of railroad fare and suggested that
all members of the class who could not come do likewise. Dot
Jester sent a gift to this fund known as the 1937 Reunion
Endowment Fund. Willie's gift was designated for the Louise
G. Lewis Art Collection. After a heated campaign, the class
elected Alice Hannah Brown and Frances Wilson Hurst secre-
taries for the next five years.

1938

In spite of the fact that husbands were expressly invited to

'38"s table, none appeared. Eliza King Paschall, president,
Jean Chalmers Smith, Laura Coit Jones, Lib Blackshear Flinn,
Jane Guthrie Rhodes, Gladys Sue Rogers Brown, Mary
Elizabeth Galloway Blount, Ola Kelly Ausley, Jeanne Matthews
Darlington, Jane Turner Smith, Ann Worthy Johnson, Jean
Austin Meacham and Elizabeth McCord Lawler had fun
anyway. In fact they stayed at the table hours after everyone
else left. Jeanne Matthews Darlington was elected secretary
for the next five years.

1939

Elizabeth Furlow Brown, Julia Sewell Carter, Catherine Ivie
Brown, Rachel Campbell Gibson, Virginia Kyle, Aileen Short-
ley Whipple, Mary Frances Thompson, Elinor Tyler, Alice
Cheeseman and Cary Wheeler Bowers, president, kept things
lively in the '39 corner. Virginia and Elinor stayed on campus.
Elinor was elected secretary of the class for the next five years.
Jacqueline Hawks Alsobrook had reservations to come but had
to change her plans at the last minute.

1946

Margie Naab Bolen, president, Anne Noell, Peg Perez, Eleanor
Reynolds, Pattie Dean, Vicky Alexander, Lucy Turner, Helen
Pope, Betty Weinschenk, Eva Williams and Millie McCain
had lots of news to swap about jobs. They had been scattered
from Miami to New York. Those left were still going strong
at lunch Monday. The next five years would be a long time.
Too long!

Dean Dick Scandrett '24 talks with Letitia Rockmore Lange
'33, chairman of Alumnae Weekend, and Margie Naab Bolen
'46 (center), president of one of the reunion classes, during
the Faculty-Alumnae party on Alumnae Day.

;ampus carrousel

pplause for the faculty. Dr. McCain was Aerial Stout,
sychiatrist. complete with white coat, analytic couch and a
ightly weary nurse. Miss Fitz (Laura Steele). The deluded
itient. Susan, professor of geology at a small woman's college,
lought that she was in a shell and called herself the Cham-
ped Nautilus (Ellen Douglass Leyburn). This was Shell-
mnd. all-faculty production of last April. Typical scenes
dream sequences) showed Dr. Hayes teaching art with lit-
ary allusions, Maestro Stukes directing the special chorus,
id a quiet nook in a hall in Rebekah where Dick Scandrett
lung" on the telephone, freshman Hanley and her pals
ayed bridge and various "students" crammed for a test in
le middle of the confusion. Susan's complete freedom from
;r shell came with a visit to the Purple Ostrich "where the
ite meet to retreat." Prize scene was a classroom where
[iss Christie sought to teach The Chambered Nautilus.
ucile Alexander thought that the theme of the poem was
ie housing shortage. Miss Laney brought the audience to
ieir feet when she answered "Cut" to the roll call. Miss
am entered noisily in the middle of the period, carrying a
litcase, and displayed her new diamond to all in the class.
:andard classroom costume included saddle oxfords, bobby
icks, head scarf and wilted orchids. Books fell to the floor

intervals. The tone of the entire play was that of gentle
tire based on careful observation and friendly understanding,
.udents were enthusiastic. Chief credit is due Roberta Win-
r, director of the show. Jane Guthrie Rhodes '38 wrote the
tcellent dialogue for the main scenes. Others too numerous

be listed helped in the writing or production.

lumnae art collection. Alumnae artists, designers and
lotographers are invited to give a piece of their work to a
arnanent collection to be kept at the Alumnae House. The
illection will be on exhibit on special occasions and items
om it will be used in the Quarterly from time to time. Con-
ibutors to the collection so far include Mary Wallace Kirk,
argaret Weeks. Judy Blundell Adler. Louise Taylor Turner,
re Mitchell, Betty Abernathy and Peggy Van Hook.

ocational guidance. Alumnae speakers for the 1946-47
icational guidance series for students were: Jean Chalmers
Hith, newspaper work (special student request); Eleanor
utchens, Rosalind Janes Williams, journalism and public

writing; Mary Louise Palmour, Carolyn Strozier, merchandis-
ing and personnel; Frances Messer. Virginia Herrin, teaching
and educational administration; Evangeline Papageorge, Eloise
Lyndon Rudy, science; Adah Knight Hereford. Henrietta
Thompson, social work and religious education. Eleanor, Vir-
ginia and Henrietta came to Atlanta at their own expense to
participate in these conferences. All of the alumnae gave
considerable time and effort to the project. Frances Messer
brought booklets on the teaching profession for distribution
and Henrietta Thompson brought an exhibit of literature on
recreational, organizational and church work. A number of
the speakers were able to offer jobs, and all were qualified to
answer questions about job opportunities, salaries and training.

Personal. Mary Beth Little, Agnes Scott senior, was chosen
to be one of the guest editors for Mademoiselle's August issue.
This fall Agnes Scott will have the first foreign student since
the war, Eva Finkelstein from Poland. Eva is a graduate of
the University of Warsaw and is studying here on a Hillel
scholarship. Miss Kathryn Glick of the Latin Department was
awarded membership in Phi Beta Kappa at Commencement.
Several faculty members received research grants this year.
Miss Laney is studying the poetry of Robinson Jeffers at the
Huntington Library. Mr. Posey is gathering material in
Montreat, N. C. for a study of Presbyterian influence. Miss
Trotter spent several weeks in Washington, D. C. and at
Harvard working on the influence of Italian books in 16th
century England. Miss Barineau went to Paris to examine
Victor Hugo manuscripts. Ellen Douglass Leyburn worked
on satire and allegory at Yale. Mr. Forman painted water-
colors in Canada. Mr. Frierson and Mr. Cox did scientific
research. Mr. Tart's secretary, Helen Finger, married William
Thrasher, brother of Elizabeth Thrasher Baldwin '35, in
August.

At our house. Fresh paint, new rugs and other redecorations
made possible by a gift of $637 from the Atlanta and Decatur
clubs and other designated gifts have given the downstairs of
the Alumnae House that "new look." Furniture and redec-
orations upstairs are greatly needed. The Alumnae Tearoom
has been in operation this summer. The Manager is available
for special orders, dinners, teas or other entertaining by
alumnae.

ALUMNAE HERE AND THERE

NNIE LOUISE HARRISON WATERMAN, Inst.,
is been too modest all these years to let the alumnae know
at it was through her influence that the first Juvenile Court
i the South was established. Before she was married she
arted the Boys Club of Mobile in 1904. Her father bought
id gave her the property which she selected across the street
om a saloon. The saloon eventually had to close. Through
sr contact with the boys Annie Louise saw the need for a
tvenile court. She went to Denver to investigate Judge Ben
. Lindsay's court, the most successful in the U. S. at that
me. She brought back a copy of the Colorado law to be used
i a model for Mobile. In 1907 the first law was passed. Annie

Louise paid the salary of the probation officer for the first
year until public support could be secured. In 1915 Alabama
led the South in establishing a juvenile court entirely separate
from the other courts. In 1932 Annie Louise joined in a suc-
cessful struggle to save the court from merger with the regular
courts. With the full support of her husband, she continued
to be interested in anything affecting the welfare of children.
When Mr. Waterman asked her to marry him, she told him
that he would also have to marry the Boys Club! She still
supports a day nursery in Mobile which has been named the
Annie Louise Harrison Children's Center. Another of her
interests is the education of ambitious young students.

MARIE GOWER CONYERS, Inst., became chairman
of the hoard for the Girls Protective Bureau organized by
the government in Greenville, S. C. in 1917. After the war, the
organization became the Juvenile Protective Association, a
Girls' Home was bought and later sold to help purchase a
Children's Home, and a juvenile court was established in
Greenville. Marie, as chairman of the Association for 17
years, led in the splendid work accomplished. In 1906, she
led in the organization of Greenville's Music Club and became
its first president. Last December she was honored when the
club celebrated its fortieth anniversary.

ELMORE BELLINGRATH BARTLETT '31 and

her husband, Dr. Haywood Bartlett, opened their new modern
hospital and office building in Montgomery, Ala. in June.
Every room has a private bath, telephone and indirect lighting.
The entire building is air-conditioned. The walls are a soft
blue and the furniture was chosen to blend. In the germ-proof
"Stork Club" the walls are sky blue and fat pink babies
dance across them with elves, peach blossoms and forget-me-
nots. The Nurses Home adjoins the hospital. Elmore's job
has been "eye-appeal."' She selected china, drapes, kitchen
equipment and furnishings. Congratulations!

ROSEMARY MAY KENT '33 is Educational Director
of the new Education Office established at the University of
N. C. by the American Cancer Society. Last August she
received her MPH, a professional degree in public health,
from the University of N. C. where she studied on the Nourse
Fellowship granted by Vassar. She is working on her Ph.D.
while she directs the cancer prevention work at Chapel Hill.
Rosemary urges alumnae. to become interested in establishing
cancer prevention clinics in their communities.

ETHEL WARE '22 has written a book on Georgia's con-
stitutions which was published by the Columbia University
Press last spring, Constitutional History of Georgia. She has
received her Ph.D. from Columbia and is teaching at Hunter
College in New York.

MAGGIE TOOLE '46 is working for the London Daily
Mail's New York Office doing secretarial and research work
for Mr. Isben, top English columnist. She is practically speak-
ing Southern with a British accent after working with the
London correspondents. She sends and receives teletype mes-
sages from London and calls all sorts of famous people for
information. A woman correspondent from England wrote
the story of Maggie and her two roommates recently for her
young English readers. More news of this when we see the
article!

ANABEL BLECKLEY BICKFORD '45 has proof of
her husband's appreciation. His newspaper carries her name
and "His Inspiration" on the masthead.

RACHEL HENDERLITE '28 was elected to Phi Beta
Kappa at Agnes Scott's commencement this year.

FLORENCE BRINKLEY '14 was invited by the British
Broadcasting Corporation to speak on their "American Guest
Night" broadcasts last March 28 and 29.

SARAH GOBER TEMPLE '11 is a student of 17th
century English history and of Georgia history. She has been
doing intensive research for the past two years in preparation
for a piece of work. She has written The First Hundred Years,
a book on Cobb County, Ga. She was on the Georgia Library
Commission for a number of years and is greatly concerned
with the library service in the state. Her husband, Mark
Temple, is a special writer on labor and management for The
Atlanta Journal.

JEANNETTE BROWN PARSONS '08 says that she
is "retired" now. Jeannette was listed in the 1946 Who's Who
in the East. She was listed for a number of years in Who's
Who in Education, American Women, Who's Who in Pennsyl-
vania. She did country library work for a number of years

and worked with the Army, Navy and Marine Corps in both
wars, providing library service. Jeannette is still following
as a hobby her interest in pre-Roman British mythology which
began at Agnes Scott when she wrote a Shonts prize paper
on the subject.

LEONE BOWERS HAMILTON '26 is practically
always at the center of a busy creative group. She is employed
two afternoons a week by the Decatur Recreation Board to
direct elementary age groups in applied design at the Teen-
Age Canteen. She has thirty children in these groups. He
thirteen private art pupils range in age from eleven-year-olds
to adults. She was a Camp Fire Girls Guardian for the past
year and assisted with Children's theater work in Decatur. The
national board of Camp Fire Girls in N. Y. employed her to
direct the creative arts and craft work at the National Work-
shop of Camp Fire Leaders held at Toccoa, Ga. in July. She
spent the month of August this summer on paintings of her
own. She has a private studio in her home.

BETTY BATES '43 represented Agnes Scott at Rockford
College's centennial in April. Betty spent last summer in Mex-
ico and has been at home in Rockford, 111. since. She went to
business school to brush up on shorthand and typing and soon
found herself teaching there.

LILLIE BELLE DRAKE '40 was appointed one of 100
outstanding U. S. teachers to study at the Spanish Language
Seminar in Mexico City this summer. The Seminar is spon-
sored by the U. S. Department of State and Office of Education,
the National University of Mexico and the Mexican Ministry of
Public Education.

ELIZABETH McCALLIE SNOOTS '27 was one of

the official hostesses of the national convention of AAUW in
April and served as official delegate of the Agnes Scott Alum-
nae Association.

MARGARET SHIVE BELLINGRATH '20 is Director
of Adult Women's Work at Rabun-Gap Nacoochee School in
north Georgia where her husband is President. The school
is the only one in the country which takes whole families (rural,
tenant families) and attempts to educate the parents as well
as the children. The families live on model farms for a period
of five to ten years. They arrive at the school burdened by
debt, too many children and ignorance. The school performs
miracles in returning these families to normal life, econom-
ically, educationally and spiritually capable of a better life.

MARIE STONE FLORENCE '18 owns and operates
the Dr. Pepper Bottling Co. of Athens, Ga. She is Secretary-
Treasurer of the company and acts as general manager.

ALICE WEATHERBY INZER '16 is now the wife of

Lieutenant-Governor of Alabama since her husband was sworn
in January 20. They are still living in Gadsden. Her daughter
is married to Doctor T. C. Donald Jr., and her son, James,
married last December and is studying law in Tuscaloosa.

ELLA SMITH DURHAM, Inst., began reminiscing
when she read the fall issue of the Quarterly. "You made no
mention of the laying of the cornerstone in Main Building.
That was a great day. I remember when my name was called.
I went and placed a brick by directions, and it lingers in my
memory that it was the 108th brick. I suppose the faculty
and trustees had a hand in it, too. I don't remember! Nearly
all of Decatur was there. How excited we were that our belovei
Blue Lists were placed in the cornerstone." She remembered
being sent by Miss Hopkins to get the dinner bell from th
dormitory across the railroad when some of the seniors hid
the bell that "George" always rang to mark the class periods
"If I had gone on an errand for the president of the United
States, I couldn't have felt more honored."

MARY ANN McKINNEY '25 represented Agnes Scott
at the inauguration of President W. V. Houston at Rice Insti
tute on April 10.

L U B NEWS

rLANTA, GA. The club has held
inthly meetings at the homes of the
imbers. The unusually good program
ies arranged by Grace Ball Sanders '28
iluded lectures on education, books,
wer arrangement, interior decoration,
rernment, and the divorce problem. The
lb joined with the Decatur club to
>nsor Henry Scott, piano humorist, in a
icert on April 17 for which Sally Brod-
s Hansell '23 and Mary Warren Read
were co-chairmen. The project made
profit of $637 for redecoration of the
umnae House. Myrtis Trimble Pate '40
s reelected president for next year,
tty Fountain Edwards '35 will be first
e-president in charge of programs, and
zabeth Reid Le Bey "20, second vice-
jsident in charge of hostesses. Laurie
lie Stubbs Johns '22 is recording secre-
y, Alice Glenn Lowry '29, correspond-
; secretary, and Mary Caroline Lee
ickay '40, treasurer.

rLANTA JUNIOR CLUB. Regular
nthly meetings were held. Good at-
.dance resulted from the use of postal
d announcements of each meeting sent
all local alumnae who graduated since
10. The Atlanta and Decatur clubs and
ssar alumnae were invited to the Feb-
iry meeting when Dr. Henry Noble Mac-
jcken spoke on "The Euthenics Pro-
im at Vassar." Officers for next year
: Beth Daniel '45, president; Bess Shep-
d '45, vice-president; Mary Neely Nor-
'45, secretary ; Leona Leavitt Walker
, treasurer.

JGUSTA, GA. Seventeen alumnae
t at the home of Sallie Carrere Bussey

for a Founder's Day tea. Three recent
iduates lead a discussion of "The Value

a Liberal Education." New officers
cted were Louise Buchanan Proctor '25,
isident; Harriet Clifford Kilpatrick "28,
e-president; Susan Richardson '46, sec-
ary; and Jane Cassels Stewart '35,
asurer.

H?ON ROUGE, LA. Lib Heaton
dlino '35 entertained eight alumnae rep-
enting classes from 1906 to 1945 at a
let supper at her home on Founder's
y. Julia Heaton Coleman '21 was co-
itess. Lib's husband rigged up a special
ial, but they still heard only bits of
broadcast from WSB. The group dis-
ised the value of their education in the
it of their experiences since gradua-
n. They planned a luncheon meeting
May.

RMINGHAM, ALA. Twenty -one
mnae met for a Founder's Day luncheon
the Highland Terrace Garden. Lib
[man '36 introduced Dr. W. H. Frazer,
isident emeritus of Queens College, who
ike on "Christian Education in the Post-
r World." Mary Bryan Winn '16 was
cted president and Sidney Morton Mont-
aery '24, vice-president and secretary.

CHARLOTTE, N. C. The number of
meetings ws increased to seven this year,
beginning with a luncheon at the Chez
Montet Restaurant in September at which
plans for the year were made. Thirty at-
tended this first meeting. In November
the club had a weiner roast in Cordelia
Park, in December a tea for Agnes Scott
students home for the holidays and for
high school students interested in attend-
ing Agnes Scott. The tea was held at the
home of the president, Martha Young Bell
'36. About seventy-five guests came. Ten
were present for luncheon at the Hotel
Charlotte in January at which time plans
for Founder's Day were made. Dr. Mc-
Cain was the Founder's Day speaker at a
banquet at Kuester's which eighty alumnae
and their husbands attended. The April
meeting was a picnic at the home of Ruth
Smith Lucas '21. Forty members were
present. Ruth had the old mill on the
plantation running for the club to see and
each person received a pound of corn meal
as a souvenir of the picnic. Final meeting
of the year was a luncheon at the Meck-
lenburg Hotel. Ruth Slack Smith '12,
Associate Dean of the Undergraduate
Work at Duke, spoke on "Current Trends
in Education" and "A Glimpse behind
the Iron Curtain."' New officers elected
were Mary Brock Mallard Reynolds '19,
president; Sara Sloan Schoonmaker '39,
vice-president. A secretary will be named
later. After the luncheon Martha Bell
entertained the club at a tea at her home.

CHATTANOOGA, TENN. Twenty-
four alumnae and three prospective stu-
dents enjoyed a luncheon at the Read
House on Founder's Day. At each place
was a program tied like a diploma with
purple ribbon. The invocation was given
by Alice Sharp Strang, Inst. Georgia Hunt
'40 read greetings from Dr. McCain, and
Anne Woodward '48 played a piano solo.
Shirley Christian Ledgerwood '36 gave a
talk on the local club, and Margaret Mc-
Callie "09 spoke on "Our Alma Mater."
The program included the playing of some
of the records made by campus person-
alities and the singing of the "Alma Mater."
There were name tags with Agnes Scott
stickers for all and a Directory of alum-
nae in the Chattanooga area, giving names,
addresses and telephone numbers of sixty-
two alumnae. Martha Buffalow Rust '42
was elected chairman. Georgia Hunt '40
was appointed chairman of a group to
work on organization of a Junior Club to
meet three or four times a year.

CHICAGO, ILL. The president of the
club, Martie Doak Michael '42, moved to
Honolulu this year, and the club did not
have a meeting. We hope that Chicago
can reorganize soon.

COLUMBIA S. C. Hilda McConnell
Adams '23 entertained a dozen alumnae
at her home for a tea on Founder's Day.
They reported excellent radio reception
of the program from WSB.

COLUMBUS, GA. The Founder's Day
dinner at Cherokee Lodge planned by
Louise McCain Boyce '34 and Kitty Cun-
ningham Richards '36 had to be canceled,
but the Columbus alumnae hoped to have
a tea later.

DALLAS, TEXAS. Sarah Cooper
Freyer '33 invited Dallas alumnae to a
tea April 14 in honor of Miss Elizabeth
F. Jackson, Agnes Scott's official delegate
to the national convention of AAUW.
Charis Hood Barwick '16, president of
the Cheyenne branch of AAUW, also
attended the tea. Lib Heaton Mullino '35
was at the convention and had breakfast
with Miss Jackson. Miss Jackson reports
that Helen Hood Coleman is interested in
getting the Dallas alumnae together again.

DALTON, GA. Twelve alumnae at-
tended the Founder's Day tea at Martha
Lin Manly Hogshead's (25) home. This
was the first time that the club had met
in several years. Martha Lin read greet-
ings from Dr. McCain. Emily Higgins '45.
member of the alumnae office staff, spoke
on campus activities and gave news of the
Association's progress. Lulu Smith West-
cott '19 was elected chairman of the club.

DANVILLE, VA. The Association wel-
comes this new club of six members organ-
ized in the midst of a snow and sleet storm
last February. The meeting was a tea at
the home of Elizabeth Johnson Thompson
'34. Elise Nance Bridges '42 was elected
president. A spring tea for high school
students interested in Agnes Scott was
planned. The group discussed the Agnes
Scott curriculum and recommended "com-
pulsory home-making subjects."

DECATUR, GA. The club had eight
meetings at the Alumnae House, with
good attendance for all of them. Gene
Slack Morse '41 provided a series of lec-
tures on conditions in various foreign
countries. The president, Jo Clark Flem-
ing '33 served as ticket chairman for the
Henry Scott concert at Glenn Memorial
Chapel sponsored by the Decatur and
Atlanta clubs. The concert was one of
the largest reunions of local alumnae and
their husbands ever held. The clubs plan
to cooperate again next year on some
entertainment which they hope to have
on the campus. Sara Shadburn Heath '33
was elected president of the club for next
year. Gene Morse was re-elected vice-
president, and Marion Fielder Martin '31
re-elected secretary and treasurer.

GREENSBORO, N. C. Anne Frierson
Smoak '43 moved to Greensboro this year
and tried to arrange a meeting for Found-
er's Day. We hope that a club can be
organized next year for Greensboro and
vicinity. Alumnae interested are requested
to contact Mrs. H. A. Smoak, 306 N.
Spring St.

GREENVILLE, S. C. The club met
in October at Marjorie Wilson Ligons
('43) home with eighteen present to hear

Dr. Hayes from Agnes Scott speak on "The
Value of a Liberal Arts Education." The
Founder's Day luncheon at the Poinsett
Hotel brought together twenty-two alum-
nae including several from surrounding
towns. Dorothy Keith Hunter '25 gave a
sketch of Col. Scott and his mother, and
Jean Hood '45 spoke on the Alumnae Fund.
Mary Ann Cochran Abbott '43, president,
announced a seated tea to be held in
April for the election of new officers.

LEXINGTON, KY. A tea for high
school students planning to attend college
was held January 31 in the parlor of the
Sayre School. An exhibit of Agnes Scott
bulletins was arranged by Sarah Walker
'46. club secretary. When Ruth De Zouche
'24 died during the year. Mable Marshall
Whitehouse '29 became president. The
Founder's Day meeting was a luncheon at
the Phoenix Hotel. Fourteen alumnae
from central Kentucky were present.

LYNCHBURG, VA. Dorothy Jester
'37 entertained ten alumnae at her home
February 23 at a coffee party. Lynchburg
was still white with the nineteen-inch
snow that came with a blizzard earlier in
the week. The Alumnae Secretary met
with the club and gave news of the campus
and the Association. The very lively dis-
cussion of Agnes Scott memories and pres-
ent progress of the college which lasted
until almost midnight left the secretary
just time to catch the train to Atlanta
with Spott Payne's (17) welcome help.
Harriet Smith '31 entertained the club on
May 17 at a tea.

MACON, GA. Eight alumnae enjoyed
the Founder's Day meeting with Ruth
Johnston '25 and Sara Johnston Carter '29.
Virginia Herrin '32, dean of Wesleyan
Conservatory, spoke on the need of voca-
tional counseling and services in the lib-
eral arts college and the practical values
that should be the results of a liberal
education.

MEMPHIS, TENN. Anna Leigh Mc-
Corkle assembled ten alumnae for a
Founder's Day luncheon at the Hotel
Gayoso. Three new members of the club
were introduced. Those present discussed
the most interesting event in their Agnes
Scott experience and talked of the college
as it is today. The president hopes to
have another meeting this summer.

MIAMI, FLA. The club could not
hold its annual Founder's Day meeting,
but members hoped to get together later in
the year.

MONTGOMERY, ALA. Olive Weks
Collins '32 arranged a Founder's Day
luncheon at the Blue Moon Inn. Netta
Jones Ingalls '43 was in charge of the
program, and Jessie Mac Guire '42, pub-
licity. Genie Blue Howard Matthews '22
read greetings from Dr. McCain. The club
entertained a prospective student for Agnes
Scott at the luncheon.

MONTREAT, N. C. The Founder's
Day meeting was a dessert party at Mar-
gery Moore Macaulay's ("20) home. Sev-
eral alumnae and three daughters of alum-
nae braved the snow to listen to the radio
broadcast together. Margery served Agnes
Scott's traditional cherry pie with ice
cream and coffee. The new officers elected
were Annie Webb '13, president; Florence
Stokes Henry, Inst., vice-president; and
Julia Stokes, Inst., secretary.

NEW ORLEANS, LA. Mardi Gras
kept the New Orleans alumnae too busy
to get together Founder's Day, but they
hoped to meet later in the year. Lily
Weeks McLean "36 sent a list of twenty
prospective students to the college.

NEW YORK, N. Y. Founder's Day

was celebrated by a dinner at AUerton
House which seventeen alumnae attended.
Ruth Pirkle Berkeley '22 made a talk on
her experiences as a doctor. New officers
elected are Mary Hamilton McKnight '34,
president; Polly Gordon Woods '34, vice-
president; Laura Marbut '22. secretary;
and Annie Laura Galloway Phillips '37.
treasurer. The Club plans to change the
time of its annual meeting from February
to May because of weather. The New
York club wired greetings to the college
on Founder's Day.

NEWPORT NEWS, HAMPTON,
VA. Margaret Hartsook Emmons '42 and
Billie Davis Nelson '42 got nine alumnae
together for a Founder's Day tea at Hamp-
ton Institute. Records made by campus
personalities were played and greetings
and announcements from the college were
read. Elizabeth Grier Edmunds '28 read
Psalm 103. The groups discussed sending
their seven daughters to Agnes Scott and
planned to have a picnic this summer with
the children included. Margaret Emmons
was asked to keep the members of the
group in touch with each other, and Billie
Davis Nelson was given the responsibility
of acting as liaison between the group and
the alumnae office.

OXFORD, MISS. Several alumnae
met with Mamie Lee Ratliff Finger '39 to
look at recent bulletins of the college and
hear news from the campus on Founder's
Day. Included in this group was Mrs. Cal-
vin Brown, a non-alumna who taught
Latin and Greek at Agnes Scott before
Miss Lillian Smith.

PHILADELPHIA, PENN. Norma
Faurot Oakes '38 gathered five other alum-
nae for dinner at the Homestead Restau-
rant. Three members of the class of '46
told the others about recent changes at the
college and answered questions for those
who had not been back for a number of
years.

RICHMOND, VA. The Alumnae Sec-
retary met with a group of eight other
alumnae for dinner at the Pantree Restau-
rant in December. Afterward the group
gathered at Kate Richardson Wicker's

C15) apartment in the Prestwould to di
cuss news of the college and plans for gt
ting the Richmond alumnae together f
Founder's Day. The club held an afte
noon meeting on Founder's Day in tl
church "house of the Second Presbyterii
Church with thirteen present and discuss(
reorganization of the club. It was decidi
that the club would meet again informal
in May and Page Ackerman '33 w
elected secretary. The members are inte
ested in the alumnae developing a proje
to beautify the front campus of Agn
Scott. They wish to take some part as
club in Richmond civic affairs. Harri
Williams '30 discussed plans of the A
sociation and news of the college.

ST. LOUIS, MO. Mildred Davis Adan
'38 lets no grass grow under her feet wh<
she moves to a new city. In the few da
between February 15 and 22 she arrangf
a Founder's Day meeting of seven alumna
They began an interesting discussion
what Agnes Scott has meant to each. M
dred commented: "What a variety of opi
ions we had in our small group."' Tl
group adjourned with a promise to me
again soon to continue the subject at Chri
tine Evans Murray's ('23) home. Floren
Preston Bockhorst '34 is to notify the mei
bers of the meeting.

TALLAHASSEE, FLA. Five alumn:
and Hazel Solomon Beazley's husband hi
dinner at the Florida Grill on Foundei
Day. Although they were unable to he
the radio broadcast they enjoyed "go<
food and good fellowship." Ad Stevei
Ware '36, former member of the clu
wired greetings to them. Elizabeth Lyi
'27, leader of the group, and Kitten Ph
ips '44 planned to visit some of the alumni
who could not attend the dinner.

TAMPA, FLA. Rosalind Wurm Cou
cil '20 presided at the reorganizatif
luncheon meeting of twelve alumnae
the Ritenclif Cafeteria on Founder's Da
Margaret Deaver '32 was in charge of de
orations. Nell Frye Johnston '16 w
elected president, Doris Dalton Crosby '4
vice-president, Helen Ford Lake '36, se
retary, and Ethlyn Coggin Miller '44, a
sistant secretary and publicity chairma
The group discussed the importance
alumnae being on the alert for students
superior ability to recommend to Agn
Scott. The alumnae questionnaire was all
discussed.

WASHINGTON, D. C. Founder's Di
found Washington blanketed in eig
inches of snow, but the invitations sei
to over one hundred and fifty alumni
brought twenty-four from Washington ar
vicinity ancl two from Baltimore to tl
luncheon at the Kennedy-Warren,
second meeting was held May 10 for tl
election of officers. Maude Foster Jacksc
'23 was elected president, Suzannah M
Whorter '42, vice-president, and Am
Coffee Packer '36 was re-elected secreta:
and treasurer. Mary Maxwell '44 hi
served the club as president for the pa
year.

10

FALL 1947

s

c
o

t
t

The Alumnae Association Of Acnes Scott College

Officers

Eliza King Paschall '3 8

President

Emmee Bran ham Carter '16

Residence

Araminta Edwards Pate '2S

First Vice-President

Molly Jones Monroe '37

Kenneth Maner Powell '27

Second Vice-President

Nell Pattillo Kendall '3 5

Garden

Charlotte E. Hunter '29

Third Vice-President

Letitia Rockmore Lange '3 3

Special Events

Jane Taylor White '42

Secretary

Alice McDonald Richardson '29

Entertainment

Betty Medlock '42

Mary Wallace Kirk '11

Education

Trustees

Mary Green '3S

Vocational Guidance

Margaret McDow MacDougall '24

Alumna Truste

Frances Winship Walters Inst.

Ahtmna Truste

Committee Chairmen

Jane Guthrie Rhodes '38

Publicity

Staff

Eleanor N. Hutchens '40

Director of Alumnae Affairs

Emily Higgins '45

House and Office Manager

June Thomason '47

Office Assistant

Hattie Lee West Candler Inst.

House Decorations

Betty Hayes

Tearoom Manager

MEMBER AMERICAN ALUMNI COUNCIL

THE AGNES SCOTT ALUMNAE QUARTERLY is published four times a year (November, February, April and July) by the Alumnae
Association of Agnes Scott College at Decatur, Georgia. Contributors to the Alumnae Fund receive the magazine. Yearly subscription, $2.00.
Single copy, SO cents. Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office of Decatur, Georgia, under Act of August 24, 1912.

HE

Agnes Scott

ALUMNAE QUARTERLY

[giies Scott College, Decatur, Georgia

^gnes Scott
Today

'corgi a

Vol

26,

No. 1

FALL

1947

Dr. McCain's Letter

2

Flexible Conservatism

Lucile Alexander

3

Alumnae Made Trustees

5

Balanced and Happy

Carrie Scandrett

6

The Impact of Each Era

Mary Ann Craig and Betty Jean Radford

9

Annual Reports

11

Letter from the Education Committee

Ellen Douglass Leyburn

16

To Alumnae Clubs

Araminta Edwards Pate

18

Faculty Summers

19

Additions to College Staff

21

As We Co To Press

22

1912's Houseparty Reunion

24

Class News

25

Illustrations and layout by Priscilla Lobeck, Instructor in Art
Eleanor N. Hutchens '40, Editor

m

THE PRESIDENT'S
LETTER

Dear Agnes Scott Alumnae:

In August I appeared before the city commissioners
of Decatur to ask permission to move seven of our cot-
tages across Candler Street, from the main body of the
campus, and to arrange them in the form of a court on
some vacant property which we have recently bought.
In supporting the request, I found it necessary to outline
something of our present plant, some details of our im-
mediate building plans, and some ideas for future develop-
ment. The figures quite astonished the commissioners and
the audience which was present, including newspaper
representatives; and so it occurs to me that some of you
may be interested, too.

Agnes Scott now has about fifty acres of land and
some forty-two buildings. The plant and equipment are
valued at about two and a quarter million dollars; but it
would take several times that amount to replace what we
have. We have on hand about $800,000 for the erection
of new buildings, and it will take at least a million more to
complete the buildings which we very much need in order
to round out our plant.

One of the first undertakings will be to remodel the interiors of Inman and Rebekah Scott dormitories. Thi
will be in line with what we have done in Main, but we hope to add hot and cold running water in each room. W
will proceed with this work as soon as materials and workmen are available.

We are planning to put a new infirmary, which is the gift of Mrs. George C. Walters, facing the drivewa
between the gymnasium and Candler Street. Hopkins Hall, which will be a new dormitory, will stand where ou
present science hall is located and will be erected in an ell shape, facing on both drives. A new central dining roon
and kitchen would occupy the entire space between Ansley cottage and Gaines cottage, and its main entrance wouli
be on the driveway running in front of Inman.

In order to make room for these new buildings, we will eventually need to move Lupton cottage, Ansley, Gaines
the infirmary, and the houses which many of you will remember as being occupied by Dr. Sweet, Mr. Cunningharr
and Mr. Tart.

The new science hall will be erected just south of Buttrick and Presser halls and will form a beautiful quad
rangle with these two buildings. In order to make room for it, we will need to move West Lawn, the Rivers cottagi
South Side, and the house occupied for a long time by Mr. Holt. We think there will be room for these cottages in th
woods where the carline now runs but is to be replaced with buses running on other streets.

We hope to build faculty apartments on McDonough Street, and perhaps a couple of cottages will need
moved at that time; but this may be several years away.

We have been earnestly hoping to start our building program during the current session, but prices are to
high and materials and labor too uncertain to undertake the program yet. I would certainly like to do some of th
building before my retirement, but we are anxious to get our full money's worth when we do undertake the work.

We are hoping very much that many of you will visit our campus and look over the interesting developmen
plans which have been drawn.

Cordially.

President

[2]

A preliminary survey of answers to the
niestionnaire sent out several months ago in-
'icates that many alumnae have lost touch
vitb the most important phases of develop-
tent at the College and would like to be
rotight up to date. Here a member of the
Curriculum Committee writes of advances in
he academic program over the years.

FLEXIBLE CONSERVATISM

y Lucile Alexander "11
rofessor of French

As an alumna of long standing and a landmark on
le campus of the dim and distant past I have been
ked to project you recent alumnae into the curriculum
: the past so that you may see how far we have
aveled, and to bring up to date you who have not
id the opportunity to observe late developments. In
ue journalistic fashion I have interviewed the presi-
nt, the dean of the faculty and the chairman of the
onors Committee to get an answer to my question:
'hat, in your opinion, have been the most striking
anges in the Agnes Scott curriculum in the past three
cades?

I should use the phrase "flexible conservatism" to
aracterize in general Dr. McCain's answer. When
arvard University published in 1945 General Edu-
tion for a Free Society, the result of two years of
idy by twelve of her professors who met once a week
th added periods of seclusion for sessions of several
ys' duration, Harvard College publicly abandoned

time-honored tradition of free electives without
nrired courses and advocated instead a program of
neral education with prescribed work for the fresh-
tn and sophomore years and concentration in the
lior and senior years only. This radical change,
lich set educational circles agog, caused hardly a
pie at Agnes Scott. Since 1918 about one-half of
: hours required for the B.A. at Agnes Scott have
:n prescribed and must be taken in the first two
irs in order to leave the last two years free for
icentration.

In spite of our conservatism Dr. McCain feels that
r curriculum has gradually become more flexible.
I entrance we still require the same orthodox units,
t there is more freedom in the selection of subject
tter (in the classics read, for example) and in the
thod of presenting it. The language requirement
i been lowered unfortunately because the high
tools, grown large and numerous and powerful, now
tate to the colleges; gone are the days when the high

schools prepared their students for college! In 1932
Agnes Scott began to accept "two vocational units of
non-technical character not listed in the catalog" and
the College reserved the right "to accept a very few
promising students of high rank from the best schools
with some variation in the prescribed units." Ten years
later the "conditioned freshman" disappears from the
Catalogue and from the campus; and so the freshman
is freed from the millstone of a condition to be worked
off before the beginning of the sophomore year.

Since the number of applicants has for many years
exceeded our physical capacity, it is possible to select
freshmen of higher attainment and greater promise.
In consequence there are fewer automatic exclusions,
fewer transfers from other colleges and larger senior
classes; from sixty to sixty-five per cent of those who
enter are now graduated, and Dr. McCain feels that
our recent graduates are better rounded than formerly
and have a broader outlook.

For the past two years the College during the
summer has mailed to each prospective freshman a
printed list of courses, required and elective, open to
freshmen, the page of the Catalogue on which each
course is described, and the request that each freshman
check her choices. Thus the entering student is in-
duced to study the Catalogue in order to choose for
herself her program and is made to feel her personal
responsibility for her education. This plan is helping
to develop a mature attitude toward college work.

To develop further this sense of personal responsi-
bility a new plan of class attendance is in operation
for the current session. In 1937, a cut system replaced
excuses for absence for all classes except the freshman,
three cuts each quarter being allowed for a three-hour
course. In time students came "to feel it necessary to
take the maximum number of cuts allowed in each
course and in this way abused the privilege of cutting.
It is felt that the adoption of the regulation will
prevent such abuses" (Agnes Scott College Bulletin,
Sept. 1947)'. These new regulations are as follows:
"Attendance at all academic appointments is required of

[3]

freshmen during the first and second quarters, and of
students on the ineligible list, and of those who for any
reason are on academic probation. . . It is expected
that other students will keep all academic appointments
and will not be absent without just cause. The respon-
sibility for any work missed because of absence rests
entirely upon the student. . . Students who are doing
unsatisfactory work or who are endangering their
grades by repeated absence will be placed on academic
probation" {Agnes Scott College Bulletin, Sept. 1947).

The dean of the faculty feels that we have made
distinct progress in the conception of the major. At
one time it was the ambition of the student who in-
tended to graduate to "work off" her major as soon
as possible in order to leave the senior year rather
care-free with plenty of time for social distractions.
She was absolutely innocent of any idea that the senior
year is the time for mature study and steady intellectual
growth. But 1922 changed this situation by requiring
that the major be selected in the spring of the sopho-
more year in consultation with the major professor and
that it be continued throughout the junior and senior
years. The seven groups of 1927, from five of which
subjects had to be chosen, made an elaborate and com-
plicated scheme with so many checks and balances that
to the unwary it became a game of choice and chance.
This group system has been simplified by the use of the
three broad fields: literature-language, mathematics-
science, social sciences.

More concentration is now possible in the major
field, although the number of hours that may be taken
in any one department is limited to one-third of the
hours required for the B.A. degree. The major is
enriched and broadened by related hours in fields that
touch the major, or two majors in unrelated fields may
be chosen. In this way the major work is deepened and
narrow specialization is avoided.

We are resolved that we will not be "thoroughly
departmental" like Robert Frost's ant on his "duty
run", unimpressed by anything that is not his particular
affair. Departmental lines are being crossed in the
three interdepartmental majors arranged three years ago:
in the natural sciences to facilitate the work of the
pre-medical student or to prepare the future science
teacher who must face the inevitable and be ready to
teach at least two sciences; in psychology, economics,
and sociology to meet the popular demand for the social
sciences and the need of training for social service after
college; and in classics, with emphasis on Greek or
Latin as the student may wish.

Thumbing Agnes Scott Catalogues from 191 J tc
the present has been interesting and rewarding: it
has refreshed my memory and given me a realization of
substantial progress in certain fields. Back in Mis;
Cady's day, history received her best efforts anc
"political economy" and sociology were the step-
children of the history department. Nineteen twenty-
three finds a full-time professor of sociology and econo-
mics. Today the field is expanded and enriched, in-
creased in numbers and blessed with one full-time anc
one part-time professor. History, freed from othei
subjects, has expanded its offering by the study of thf
civilization of nations that for the first time have riser
above the American horizon; the offerings in politica
science are greatly increased and are doing their part ir
forming interested and enlightened future citizens.

Philosophy has never gotten her dues with us. First
history, freed from sociology and economics, tool
philosophy under her aegis; a few years later it wa:
psychology that performed this protecting service anc
philosophy has found itself in need of a moderr
Descartes to free it from all that is not itself that it
may grow and fructify. Our hope is for a department
of philosophy in the new scheme of progress. Musii
and art have come into their own in the liberal art:
curriculum; a major is now offered in each of thesi
departments.

In 1936 the long cherished dream of a grea;
university center equipped to offer to students of th<
Southeast the opportunity of graduate work of higl
quality began to take shape. The educational institu
tions in the vicinity of Atlanta were challenged t(
show that they could cooperate by pooling resource
and eliminating costly duplication of courses; thi
reward held out was financial aid from the General Edu
cation Board and a campaign! Agnes Scott changec
from the semester to the quarter system, with n<
enthusiasm for the latter but with the resolute purpose
of doing her part toward the establishment of th
University Center. The campaign was successful am
since 1941 practical cooperation with Emory, ou
nearest neighbor, has begun on the junior-senior level
Courses not given at Agnes Scott may be taken b;
juniors and seniors and a major in journalism or ii
business economics may be done at Emory.

In 1932, directed study courses were introduced ii
several departments and opened to students who ha<
given evidence of ability to do independent work: thi
was the departmental forerunner of the honors pro
gram sponsored not by departments but by the College

[4]

Jid here I shall let Professor Hayes, present chairman
f the Honors Committee, speak of the honors pro-
ram:

In accordance with the practice in many other ed-
ges Agnes Scott has for the past decade been experi-
lenting with an honors reading program. The students,
^proximately ten per cent of the senior class, carry
:n or twelve hours of regular academic work each
rtarter and devote the remainder of their time to the
mors program. They meet weekly with the professor
ipervising their work. The results which they achieve
e embodied in an honors paper, which is filed per-
anently in the Library, and in oral and written
laminations in May.

The general idea behind the program is to free
e gifted student from petty day-by-day assignments;
ve her an area of knowledge to work up for herself,
i area which she has chosen as one suited to her
dividual interests and aptitudes; give her a sense of
eedom, of intellectual adventuring "on her own" and
vite her to accept intellectual responsibility; let her
j her own pace, define the limits of her subject and
)rk up what she thinks important, give her time for
iet brooding and leisurely assimilation, time to center
her powers upon a single subject; encourage her to
ink for herself, to develop a critical and independent
bit of mind and to express herself effectively and
possible with some distinction do these things, and
return the student will find that true study, like the
it teaching, is action and is fired with passion. She
11 devote herself to struggling with great tasks. She

will not merely do more work than
before but also work of far superior
quality and significance. She will
bring her studies to a head instead of
leaving them as mere disjecta membra
of courses and credits. And she will
discover, in the words of Janef
Preston, "intellectual and spiritual al-
legiances which will continually re-
new the life within."

Honors students who have sub-
sequently done graduate work testify
that this program has been their best
preparation.

Alumnae Fund gifts are needed nov

ALUMNAE MADE
TRUSTEES

Two Agnes Scott alumnae became members of the
Board of Trustees of the College this year, filling
synodical vacancies from Alabama and Florida.

Annie Louise Harrison Waterman, Institute, and
Mary West Thatcher '15 were elected at a meeting of
the board last spring and confirmed by their respective
Presbyterian synods this fall. The terms of both extend
to 1948.

Mrs. Waterman, whose home is in Mobile, Ala.,
replaces the Rev. Ansley Moore upon his moving out
of the synod of Alabama to become pastor of a large
church in Pittsburgh. She has taken an active interest
in College and Alumnae Association work, visiting the
campus several times in the last few years, awarding a
prize and a scholarship to one of the students for
summer study, and writing to other Institute alumnae
to inform them of reunion and Alumnae Fund plans.
Mrs. Thatcher, a former president of the Alumnae
Association, lives in Miami. When her home was in
Atlanta she was a stalwart of the Association, serving
on committees and contributing news to the Quarterly
as well as taking the president's gavel for a time. She
replaces Francis M. Holt, who died last year in Jack-
sonville.

It is an honor for alumnae and for the Association
that these two members have been named to the
governing body of the College.

[J]

Balanced and Happy

Today's Agnes Scott student rounds on
her college life with an amount and variety o
social activity unknown to the campus tw(
decades ago. The author of this article is he
friend and guide in this field.

By Carrie Scandrett '24
Dean of Students

I have been asked to tell you about the changes in
the social life at Agnes Scott. I am glad to do this.
Some of you will think there has been a revolution on
the campus and others of you will think of: us as
relatively conservative. I shall let you date yourself.

The Agnes Scott "girls" of the twenties and earlier
will see great change, those of the thirties will see
some change, and you of the forties will wonder why
we don't move faster.

Even though you all may detect change, general
policy underlying the social regulations and the social
life at Agnes Scott today is the same as it always has
' been. We still cling to the basic principle so often
expressed by Miss Hopkins: "We strive to make the
social life at Agnes Scott as nearly as possible like that
found in a well-regulated home". We try never to
vary from the bases of reason and good taste. Any
variation, such as routine and detail, comes from the
fact that we are a family of three hundred and sixty
daughters boarding students which each year has to
adjust to the loss of older sisters and the acquisition of
new ones. We wouldn't have it any other way. It keeps
us from getting into a rut.

At first the freshmen do not always agree with this
policy. They have been abruptly shifted from a senior
level to a freshman level and from a one-daughter
family to one of many daughters. They soon, however,
take their place and fit into their new life with a spirit
?f understanding and cooperation. Naturally, the fresh-
men begin their life at Agnes Scott with more restrain-
ing influences (rules to them) thrown around them
than do the upperclassmen. They are required to sign
in and out of the office for their off-campus social
activities, they have very limited riding privileges
unless accompanied by a senior or some older person.
Chaperon is still more than just a word in their vo-
cabulary. They turn lights out at a designated time
each night. They are limited in the number of times

they can go into Atlanta during a week and in th<
number of evening social engagements they can have
each week. Written permission from parents for fresh
men to enjoy their social privileges must be on file ii
the office of the dean of students. We feel these restric
tions are right. Freshmen are away from home for thi
first time and are called upon to make many decision
for themselves. They need and appreciate guidanci
and direction.

As a student learns what is expected of her as ai
Agnes Scott girl and as she proves herself ready to usi
wisely greater social freedom, it is granted. Socia
privileges for each class increase until, during her senio
year, a student is relatively free to direct her owi
social activities but always with that care and pro
tection of a well-regulated home thrown around her
We still hold to an afternoon time limit and we stil
hold to our policy of requiring each student to let u
know her plans for any social activity and, if possible
where she can be reached at any time she is away fron
the College.

After Christmas freshmen can double-date withou
other chaperonage, using trolley or feet as modes o
transportation! This is an earned privilege which i
granted if the class proves itself ready for it. Eacl
quarter a student who is getting along all right in he
work is granted either an additional number of socia
engagements each week or more freedom in the use o
her engagements. This progression continues until
senior making the required academic rating is grantei
freedom to control the use of her time outside o
organized class work.

During her sophomore year, a student can ride ii
an automobile on daylight social engagements or whei
she is double-dating on an evening engagement,
sophomore can single-date at night, a-foot or a-trolley
returning by eleven.

As I have intimated before, juniors and seniors ii
good academic standing have a great deal of freedor
in the use of their free time.

My office is open and some member of the staf
is there and available to the students from nine in th
morning until every student is in at night. We a
close for meals and for sleep! From Monday throug

[6]

'hursday the office is open until 11:45 P.M., and
losing time is 12:30 on Saturday night. We allow late
iermission on Friday night for dances and planned
arties, the office closing anywhere from 11:45 to 2:30.
"hese hours may seem late to those who do not stop
o think of our location and that we have to plan for
ime to go to and from Atlanta. They have been set
o take care of the social life as it exists here. They
How adequate time for a student to go into Atlanta
or a show in the evening, they allow for a student to
o to a dance from the College and return.

This schedule has decreased by a great degree the
umber of students who spend a night away from the
College. We do not take the position that a student
annot spend a night away from the College, but we
o make provisions and gladly so for her to enjoy
normal social life on and off the campus, going and
^turning as she would from home, where someone is
wake until the daughter comes in!

We now permit three or more juniors or seniors to
o to a movie in Decatur at night without a chaperon,
r a senior to chaperon three or more underclassmen to
show, football game or lecture in Decatur. Three or
lore seniors can go into Atlanta for the evening
:stricted to a certain area and return by ten o'clock,
his allows for dinner and a show in town. We do
:quire this group to be dressed for the city: stockings,
:c. Of course students are free to go into Atlanta and
ecatur at any time in the day.

The use the students have made of their freedom
as justified its existence. They appreciate and cherish
le confidence placed in them and they are fully aware
f the fact that the abuse of any privilege will reflect
iversely on Agnes Scott students and will rightfully
:sult in its termination. We try at all times to stress
le responsibility of the individual for the group.

So far I have told you only of the ways in which
:udents can enjoy social activities away from the
ampus. This is certainly an important part of present-
ay social living and it does take care of such activities
> special weekends, rush parties at Emory and Tech,
icnics, football, shows, musical events, formal and
lformal dances, and the many other social activities
le students are invited to in and around Atlanta.
.nd, I can assure you, Agnes Scott girls do not
ick invitations. Even so, I hope you are just as in-
vested in hearing about the social life on the campus.

Throughout the year we try to provide for a well-
sunded social program at home. During the opening
r eeks informal parties are given for the freshmen. We

continue to enjoy the formal reception given on the
first Saturday night of each session. We appreciate the
interest and the participation the alumnae take in out
year's social program. They start the year with a
beautiful tea for new students and close it with a
delightful party honoring the seniors and their guests
at commencement time. Special dinners are arranged for
us on such occasions as Thanksgiving. There is always
a Christmas party planned by and given in each dormi-
tory and cottage, with all the decorations, food, and
frequently Santa Claus. Organizations, such as the
Athletic Association, give a party each year for the
college community. There are the receptions that
follow the lectures, there are the senior coffees given in
Murphey Candler immediately after Sunday dinner,
there are the Wednesday night after-dinner coffees
which vary in number from year to year.

Ever available is the large room at the east end
of first floor Main where one, with or without date,
may choose to play ping-pong or bridge, to dance, or
to sit in a very comfortable corner for conversation.
If one has remarkable powers of concentration she may
even spend some time with books or magazines she
will find there. Provisions are made, too, for the
student who wishes more active entertainment. Through

[7]

the collection of Blue Horse wrappers, the student
body has acquired several bicycles, which are kept in
the basement of Murphey Candler and are always
accessible. There is even one man's bicycle, just in
case. The tennis courts are in constant use and the
swimming pool is quite popular each afternoon at
plunge period.

Opportunities are made each year for the freshmen
to meet men. Parties to which men are invited are
sponsored by Mortar Board and executed by the juniors
for their sister class. If the sophomores during any
year want such parties planned for them the seniors are
ready and glad to take care of a similar project. There
is the annual Junior Banquet, followed last year by
dancing, games, and a Glee Club concert, to which
juniors invite men; and last May the seniors had them-
selves a party (men invited and orchestra engaged).
The Granddaughters take care of themselves each year,
and Cotillion Club gave a tea dance last year and is
planning for a formal dance this year again with men
invited. The fact that I am trying subtly to convey is
that we now dance on the campus with men.

As students see and feel the need for social activities,
we strive to provide them, within reason.

There are two groups on the campus so closely tied
into the social program that I should like to mention
them. One is the group of senior chaperons. Each
spring the rising seniors are invited to a meeting at
which the plan of senior chaperonage is explained and
the duties and responsibilities of a senior chaperon are
outlined. A senior who feels that she is competent
and willing to take part in the plan is asked to write
me a letter before College opens the following Sep-
tember stating her willingness to accept the responsi-
bility of being a senior chaperon and asking for the
privilege. The plan has been proven helpful and good.
I feel secure in the plan because it means that each
chaperon knows what is expected of her in that
capacity and I feel that a senior who cherishes all good
things for Agnes Scott can best give to an underclass-
man the right attitude toward her own responsibility
in upholding the standards of the group.

The other is the Social Standards Committee. This
committee is composed of a senior, as chairman, elected
each spring by the student body, and representatives
from each dormitory and cottage and the day students.
The committee has the responsibility for creating a good
social atmosphere, for providing instruction where
needed and advice when asked. Their program is set
up at the beginning of the year to meet needs as they

arise. Our hope is that each student will benefit fron
opportunities thus provided her for social experience
at home and away from home.

The day students, I hasten to say, do not lack ou:
interest and attention. The social program as set uj
on the campus is for their enjoyment as well as fo:
that of the boarding students. They are cordially
invited and even urged to come to the parties, am
special parties are even planned for them. There an
rooms and a bath reserved for them and equipped read)
for them to use when they spend nights on the campus
There are two lounges one in Buttrick and one ir
Main for day students' use. Rarely do you go to oni
of these rooms without finding groups studying, talk
ing, perhaps playing bridge, or taking time out for
nap. One member of my staff has the day students a
her primary interest. They plan together to meet anj
needs or to promote any pleasures. Our ultimate
of course, is to be. a real Agnes Scott community anc
never, in spirit, a boarding group and a day studen
group.

One reading this account without realizing that
was asked to tell only about the social life of th
students and to give a general, over-all picture of that
might wonder, and even be concerned, about whethe
there is time and place left for a student's real job
the academic. I can assure you that the academii
standards of Agnes Scott are cherished and guarded b;
both faculty and students. The job comes first in al
of our thinking and planning, with the social and extra
curricular taking their normal and rightful places ii
making for a balanced and happy college life.

ITS TIME

to send in your contribution to the
Alumnae Fund, unless you have already
given since the books opened for the fall
program. The new fiscal year began
July 1, and alumnae in charge hope the
Fund effort can be completed by Decem-
ber.

[8]

Student organizations have always been
an important factor in Agnes Scott life, and a
great number of alumnae consider their train-
ing in democracy of prime value among the
College's offerings.

y Mary Ann Craig and Betty Jean Radford
lass of 1947

In the past two decades many needs have arisen and
any changes have been wrought with each year,
hrough the prosperity of the twenties, the depression

the thirties, and the world war of the forties, Agnes
:ott students have felt the impact of each era upon
ieir lives on the campus and have adapted their
udent activities to each new change.

Many organizations have remained basically the
me, but each one of this group has done its part in
ling the students' viewpoint through each year,
cture Association continues to serve the campus by
oadening the student understanding of the world,
inging leaders in the fields of science, poetry, politics,
lilosophy, and world affairs to the campus. Black-
iars entertains the college audience and furthers our
wwledge of drama and creative acting with each
iar. May Day presents the loveliest among the college
unmunity each year, and yet each presentation has
en in tune with the times. One year the theme
ntered around the American Scene; another reflected
e influence of the war years with the presence of
rvice men. Bible Club has kept the center of our
tention upon a fundamental part of our ideal and
is reflected the change of emphasis in the field of

THE IMPACT
OF EACH ERA

religion. In 1946-47 this group called attention to the
recent translation of the New Testament. The Chemis-
try Club and the Agnesium Math Club have maintained
their interests as Chi Beta Phi, becoming a part of this
national organization in 1933.

The major organizations have undergone many
changes to meet the needs of each college generation.
Two of these groups, Christian Association and Mortar
Board, used contrasting methods to adapt their pro-
grams. Until 1939 Christian Association had been
incorporated with the national Y.W.C.A., but during
that year the Agnes Scott group dropped this tie and
organized on a local basis. In doing this the students
believed they could best meet the college needs. Thus
Agnes Scott's Y.W.C.A. became Christian Association,
better known as C.A. With a cabinet of officers to
direct the religious life of the campus, C.A. has been
very successful in broadening their outreach by nar-
rowing their scope to fit the campus. On the other
hand, Mortar Board has been equally successful in
serving the campus by nationalizing its organization.
From its beginning in 1916, this group of campus
leaders was Hoasc, a local honorary society. In 1931
Hoasc was accepted into Mortar Board, a national
honorary society for senior women. Today Mortar
Board continues the tradition of emphasizing leadership,
scholarship, and service. Agnes Scott's chapter presi-
dent last year attended a conference of Mortar Board
representatives from all over the country in Denver, to
discuss plans for future activities. Through such a
national affiliation, our Mortar Board can utilize sug-
gestions and projects which have helped other colleges

[9]

to solve campus problems. In return the Agnes Scott
group is able to contribute from its store of "problem
solvers" and helpful hints.

Perhaps Student Government has grown more at
least numerically than any other organization. As
always the whole student body is a member of the
association but the '47 executive committee is a far cry
from that of '28. In that year the committee consisted
of a president, three vice-presidents, a secretary and a
treasurer plus a council of two representatives from each
class. Today the executive committee has 21 members,
including president, one vice-president, secretary, stu-
dent treasurer, student recorder, house presidents, orien-
tation chairman, ad infinitum. The functions of this
group are executive, legislative, and judicial. In addition
another body of some 30 members form Lower House,
which functions as an intermediary between exec and
the student body. Another innovation since '28 is the
presence of day student representatives on both exec
and Lower House, as there is no longer any separate
day student organization. Student Government con-
tinues to stress the importance of learning democratic
methods and procedures and the value of self-govern-
ment and self-discipline. No doubt this vital organiza-
tion will always be changing and expanding as its
responsibilities increase. Of course, the honor system
is still a cherished part of Agnes Scott self-government
a point of pride with students and alumnae alike.

By far the most interesting pattern of progress and
permanence is found in those clubs concerned with
national and international events. In 1921 the first
International Relations Club was born on the Agnes
Scott campus, prompted by the world-awakening fol-
lowing World War I. By 1926 an awareness of local
and national governments, economics, and politics gave
rise to the Citizenship Club, which reorganized three
years later as part of the National League of Women
Voters. Just to prove how history repeats itself, the

main subject of research and discussion for I.R.C. ir
1932 was Russia!

Merging their resources and interests, these twc
clubs became the Current History Forum in 1938.
Four years later the group changed the name back tc
International Relations Club and that is the way it
stands today? I.R.C. has found a revival of interest in
world affairs, especially during the war and post-wai
years. Who knows? The theme may be Russia again
in 1947!

When Governor Ellis Arnall of Georgia signed s
law allowing 18 -year-olds to vote, almost immediately
a League of Women Voters sprang up on the Agnes
Scott campus. Before the famous Talmadge-Thompsor
gubernatorial election of '46 the campus league saw that
all eligible girls registered to vote and obtained absentee
ballots. The league has kept the campus informed on
political issues, elections, and candidates, striving tc
awaken intelligent active voters.

When Agnes Scott reached the war years of the
forties, there was a feeling throughout the campus that
something should be done toward unifying the war ef-
fort of the student body. A council consisting of student
and faculty representatives was organized to fill this
need and was called War Council. Beginning its work
in 1942, War Council directed First Aid courses, spon-
sored Red Cross work, and conducted a war fund
made up of individual student pledges. In 1946 thi;
council became the World Service Council, continuing
to unify such drives as the Red Cross, the Work
Student Service Fund and the Cancer Foundation, and
coordinating all service projects on campus. The Agnes
Scott ideal has recently been broadened to include the
idea of service, and with this inclusion the function oi
the W.S.C. has become more and more important.

So it is that Agnes Scott moves forward with eacl
passing year and constantly adapts her student prograir
to fit the needs that a changing world demands.

The Winter Quarterly will include reports by members of the Alumnae Association Edu
cation Committee on results of the questionnaire sent to alumnae early in 1947. After carefully
examining every questionnaire returned, the committee is prepared to reveal what alumnae thinl
of their Agnes Scott training after one year or forty years away from the College. Your gift to tht
Alumnae Fund, if made before Fund solicitation ends in December, will bring you the White
issue and the succeeding ones for 1947-48.

[10]

ANNUAL REPORTS

of the Alumnae Association

The annual meeting of the Agnes Scott Alumnae
Association was held on Saturday, May 31, 1947 in
Gaines Memorial Chapel.

The meeting was called to order by the President,
Eliza King Paschall.

She announced that Dr. McCain had been elected
yy the Board of Trustees and had consented to serve as
^resident of the College for one more year.

Of interest to alumnae was the announcement that
Vtary Cox, who died this year, left $5000 to Atlanta
Jniversity. Ella Carey is doing well.

Our budget this year was the largest that we have
:ver attempted to raise and we have collected almost
mough money to meet it.

A complete revision of the Constitution and By-
Laws of the Association was announced by Elizabeth
W'mn Wilson. She made a motion that the Association
iccept this revised form as a provisional constitution
: or one year. This motion was passed by the members.

Margaret McDow MacDougall presented the list of
lames chosen by the nominating committee. The fol-
owing officers were elected f<jr the new term: First
/ice-President, Araminta Edwards Pate '2 5; Recording
Secretary, Jane Taylor White '42; Constitution and
5y-Laws, Kenneth Maner Powell '27; Publicity, Jane
Suthrie Rhodes '3 8; Grounds, Nell Pattillo Kendall '3 5;
iecond Floor, Emmee Branham Carter, Academy and
16; Tea Room, Molly Jones Monroe '37.

Mary Jane King gave an interesting report urging
he support of education by alumnae. She announced
hat the American Alumni Council had awarded first
>rize for typography to The Agnes Scott Alumnae
Quarterly for the second time.

Mary Wallace Kirk announced that the Committee
in Education which has recently been organized would
vork through standing committees, alumnae clubs and
lumnae week-end programs. It would also make use
if the Alumnae Quarterly.

She announced that the Carnegie Foundation had
;iven awards to the Agnes Scott faculty: Mr. Posey,
iliss Barineau, Miss Laney, Miss Trotter, and Mr. For-
nan. The University Center with funds from the
General Education Board has granted $500 to Mr.
rierson and Mr. Cox for study.

Mary Green reported on the work of the Vocational
Guidance Committee for the year.

Myrtis Trimble Pate reported successful co-operation
of alumnae and students through the Alumnae-Student
Council.

Eugenia Symms, Fund Director, gave the financial
report of the Alumnae Association for the year.

The president, Eliza King Paschall, announced the
resignations of Mary Jane King, Alumnae Secretary,
and Eugenia Symms, Fund Director.

She introduced the new Alumnae Director, Eleanor
Hutchens, who will also be in charge of Publicity for
the College.

Emily Higgins will supervise the office and will be
manager of the Alumnae House.

Another secretary will be appointed to help in the
Alumnae Office.

Alice McDonald Richardson, chairman of the En-
tertainment Committee, invited the members to a
Coca-Cola party for faculty and alumnae in the
Alumnae Garden after the meeting.

There being no further business, the meeting was
adjourned.

Respectfully submitted,

Elizabeth Flake Cole '23
Secretary

REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT

The program of the Alumnae Association this year
has emphasized two concepts: (1) Alumnae have a
literally unique contribution to make to the develop-
ment of any college. Better than anyone else, they can
evaluate their individual college educations in terms of
actual experience in working and living. (2) One of
the primary jobs of the Alumnae Association should be
that of providing a means of contact between the
individual alumna and the college. These could really
be considered as steps in the same process, for either
is of little value without the other. For example, a
questionnaire was sent to all alumnae asking for their
evaluation of their Agnes Scott educations, in terms of

[11]

their individual experiences. The results were used to
help build up a Vocational Information and Guidance
program for alumnae and students, but at the same
time, it was obvious that some machinery was necessary
for passing on to the college administration a responsible
brief of these evaluations. So an Education Committee,
which will concern itself not only with passing on
suggestions from alumnae to the college but also keep-
ing alumnae informed about education, was established.
These two new committees, Vocational Guidance and
Education, will fill needs which no mature alumnae
program can ignore.

In line with the policy of providing more contact
between alumnae and the college, the Student-Alumnae
Council was established, to consider matters of joint
concern and to provide a means for personal contact
between the two groups.

The following reports of the Executive Secretary
and the Committee Chairmen indicate the fine work
done by staff, board and committee members and give
the highlights of the year's activities. One of the biggest
jobs was a complete revision of the constitution of the
Association.

Next year we shall continue along these lines, with
an increased effort to make more individual alumnae
and more alumnae clubs become concerned with and
active in the work of the Association as a whole.
Eliza King P'aschall '3 8
President

SECRETARY-EDITOR

This report is not comprehensive and does not
mention activities included in other reports.

Membership. Our active membership goal this year
was to double the previous year's record of 1108. We
fell short of this but made a 71% increase with 1901
members.

Class Organization. To stimulate class spirit, the
life-presidents were asked to write a letter to their
classes. The office attempted to secure special corres-
pondents for classes without elected presidents. Some
class secretaries wrote the letter. Special correspondents
for the Institute and Academy were appointed. The
office sent a letter to all non-graduates, explaining
their alumnae privileges and inviting their membership.
The presidents, secretaries and special correspondents
wrote excellent letters. The response was overwhelming.
More news than ever was received in the office. Count-
ing graduates and non-graduates, thirteen classes made

100% or greater increases in active membership. Typi-
cal increases were: Ins., 148%; Academ., 135%; 1908
300%; 1909, 800%; 1916, 140%; 1920, 220%; 1921,
127%; 1925, 172%; 1938, 104%. Class reunions were
resumed this year for the first time since the war.
All Institute and Academy alumnae and nine other
classes were invited back. About one hundred alumnae
attended a general reunion dinner at the Alumnae
House. About twenty spent the weekend in one of the
dormitories. During the weekend, an Advisory Council,
made up of class officers was organized with Frances
Radford Mauldin, president of '43, as chairman. The
officers present discussed the problems and progress of
the Association and ways of increasing class partici-
pation. The Council, made up of the officers of all
classes, will meet annually at the college. One member
of the class of '37 who could not attend the reunion
suggested a '37 Tenth Reunion Fund. In a letter to
the class she asked those who could not attend to con-
tribute a part of what they would have spent. Two
gifts were made to this fund. One was designated for
the Louise Lewis Art Collection, and the other was
added to the Association's general endowment fund, the
interest of which goes annually into the Alumnae Fund.

Clubs. Club activities were increased this year.
There were eight more clubs than last year. Several
clubs met more frequently than before, and several
elected definite officers for the first time. The office
sent fifty clubs and groups a booklet containing greet-
ings from the college, announcements from the Asso-
ciation, a suggestive Founder's Day program and sug-
gestions for club organization and projects. Clubs in
twenty-eight cities met at least once during the year.
Staff members or representatives from the college
visited five groups during the year besides the local
clubs which were visited regularly. The Chattanooga
club prepared a directory of alumnae in that area for
general distribution. Several clubs entertained pros-
pective students, a number of whom were recommended
to the college. One of the greatest needs of the Asso-
ciation is for the expansion of club work. A budget
to enable the Alumnae Secretary to visit the clubs every
year is strongly recommended.

Student Work. The Alumnae-Student Council is
working on a new type of campus celebration for
Founder's Day. Several meetings were held during the
year to discuss possible plans. Members of the Grand-
daughters Club responded enthusiastically when they
were asked to help in the Alumnae Office. They
worked on class scrapbooks, helped stuff questionnaires

[12]

in the envelopes and escorted alumnae about the campus
during the commencement reunion. New students
received a personal greeting from the Association in
September. The one hundred twenty-one members of
the senior class were entertained by the staff in the
Alumnae Office during April and May in ten small
groups. Their new life-president and first five-year sec-
retary assisted the staff in explaining to the new
alumnae the purposes and activities of the Alumnae
Association. Ten class agents were elected to assist
the officers. Before graduation the class agents reported
100% active membership of the class of '47.

Equipment. During the year the following pieces
of major equipment were purchased: adding machine
(secondhand), envelope sealer and fireproof files.

Files. New cards were prepared for the entire geo-
graphic file which had become inaccurate. A vocational
and graduate study file is being prepared from the
questionnaires that have been returned. Vocational cards
have been coded by the Dictionary of Occupational
Titles in use by the U. S. Employment Service. New
files for correspondence with class officers have been
set up, but the office does not yet have personal folders
on each alumna.

Quarterly. The budget for Quarterly printing was
increased this year, but printing costs have increased
over 50% in the last eighteen months. This year the
magazine was cut to three issues in order to maintain
the size and quality. The fall issue was sent to all
alumnae free and the other issues to active members.
All issues were sent free to the Agnes Scott faculty and
administrative officers. The 1945-46 Quarterly won
a first place award in typography for the second con-
secutive year from the American Alumni Council. The
editor wishes to thank Leone Bowers Hamilton '26 for
professional assistance in typography which has been
generously given through another year.

Mary Jane King '37

Alumnae Secretary-Editor

FUND DIRECTOR

Just four years ago, the Association adopted a
streamlined program and began the annual Alumnae
Fund. The developments of the new program might be
represented by a streamlined train. Let's call this train
the Alumnae Fund Special. The train departs every fall
from the campus. Last fall it began its third journey
ind the mail car carried 45,000 pieces of mail for
ilumnae all over the world. This mail took information
bout the college and news of classmates to over 6,000.

On the coaches we find that 30% of the total alumnae
boarded this streamlined Special for the 1946-47
journey. Class agents and officers sold many of the
tickets by personal solicitation. This accounts for the
fact that 50% of the graduates of the college are on
board. The fares paid by these passengers varied from
10c to $200, as everyone is given an opportunity to
help regardless of means. Any gift enlarges the total
receipts which were $8,060.73 this year representing
1830 gifts. Forty-nine of these were designated and
amount to $1,600.48.

There are 28 club cars. The Atlanta and Decatur
clubs united efforts to sponsor a concert and raised
$637.62 for redecorating the Alumnae House.

In the observation car, we take time to notice the
results of Alumnae funds' at sister colleges: Goucher
39%; Wellesley 51%; Sweet Briar 44%. We consider
how we shall increase the passengers for the next
journey, how the class and club agents can help, and
how we shall spend the receipts of the Alumnae Fund.

With a staff of three people, a more adequately
equipped office and an enlarged budget, the founda-
tions for a strong Association have been laid. Perhaps
we are ready to step up with other colleges and pro-
vide annual gifts for our college. An annual gift of
$5,000 would be worth almost $200,000 of endow-
ment at present rates. Our 1946-47 gifts to the col-
lege include:

1. Twenty-three designated gifts direct to the
college amounting to $646.84.

2. Alumnae Loan Fund transferred to College with
cash assets amounting to $761.09 and notes for out-
standing loans amounting to $450.40. This fund is
to be used primarily for alumnae who wish to do
graduate work.

3. Services of Alumnae House and Office now open
all year.

Eugenia Symms '3 6

Alumnae Fund Director.

CONSTITUTION COMMITTEE

Mimeographed copies of the Constitution and By-
Laws were made available to all Board members early
in the year.

The committee met at frequent intervals and
worked on a general revision of the Constitution and
By-Laws. Two members of the Board, Margaret Ridley
and Lucile Wells, joined the committee for this special
work and rendered valuable assistance, as did the
Alumnae Secretary and the Alumnae Fund Director.

[13;

The revised Constitution, as approved by the Executive
Board, was presented to the membership at the annual
meeting. It was recommended and passed that it be
used as a provisional constitution for the year 1947-48.
At the end of next year, the new Constitution and
By-Laws, either in present form or in an amended one,
may be adopted permanently.

Lucy Johnson Ozmer '10

Kathleen Daniel Spicer '37

Elizabeth Winn Wilson '34, Chmn.

SECOND FLOOR COMMITTEE

Receipts:

Appropriation $ 50.00

Expenditures:

12 sheets $41.88

Furniture repairs 9.50

$ 51.38
Nelle Scott Earthman Molton '38
Chairman

HOUSE DECORATIONS

Receipts:

Balance from last year $156.81

Appropriation 50.00

Designated Gifts 200.00

$406.81
Expenditures:

Repair of lamps $ 8.00

$ 8.00

Balance $398.81

Hattie West Candler
Chairman

ENTERTAINMENT

Receipts:

Appropriation $ 85.00

Expenditures:

Freshman tea $ 23.00

Senior parties 1 12.05

Faculty-alumnae

party 3.50

Senior dessert

party 49.72

$ 88.27
Alice McDonald Richardson '29
Chairman

GARDEN COMMITTEE

We should like to express appreciation to Mrs. S. G.
Stukes for her valuable help in keeping the garden in
order during the summer of 1946.

The garden was cleaned in the fall by volunteer
labor and a gardener who came each Tuesday through
October and the first week in November. During
October the Queen of May lilies in the four beds against
the big planting of shrubs were taken out, the beds
fertilized, and the lilies thinned and replanted. The
buying season for lilies is in September, so the surplus
plants were heeled out back of Boyd Cottage. The
college was given one load of lilies to use around
buildings. These were set out temporarily back of
East Lawn. Candy tuft and other small plants were
thinned and reset. Pansies giant variety were planted
in all the round and crescent-shaped beds.

In the spring the garden was again cleaned through
volunteer labor. The chairman is deeply grateful for
those willing student workers! The one-day-a-week
gardener did not manage to materialize until May, for
the scheduled Tuesdays were unfailingly rainy. The
pool was cleaned in May.

Orders have already been given for the summer's
pruning and for the spraying of the arbor and the
gardenia bushes.

During the absence of the Garden Chairman the
last of May, Mrs. Lapp kindly accepted the responsi-
bility of seeing that the garden was in order for the
closing of school and was made ready for the garden
parties that invariably are given in this season. We
are deeply grateful to Mrs. Lapp.

It is recommended that the small surplus in the
garden committee's allotment be used to start a fund
for the purchase of a new figure for the fountain. Per-
haps this beginning might serve as an incentive for
others.

Receipts:

Balance from last year $ 7.20

Appropriation from budget 100.00

Sale of lilies 3.00

Total $110.20

Total Expenditures for labor and supplies $ 72.01

Balance _. $ 38.19

Charlotte E. Hunter '29
Chairman

[14]

rEAROOM COMMITTEE

On the resignation of Mrs. Marie P. Webb as
lanager during the summer, 1946, Miss Betty Hayes
ras engaged as Manager under a rental agreement for
he tearoom space, with a provision for sharing profits
etween the Manager and the Association. Breakfasts
nd lunches were served to the college community
broughout the year. Special parties and dinners were
;rved by arrangement. As food prices and other costs
fere high and as food service was available at three
ther places on the campus, the committee was satisfied
lat the tearoom produced a small profit and $150.00
1 rent to the Association. We have had a most co-
perative and hard-working Manager this year and
ope that we can keep her services,
.eceipts:

Balance from last year $111.40

Appropriation from budget 75.00

Total -$186.40

'otal Expenditures for equipment and linens $ 94.48
Balance $ 91.92*

*The balance of $91.92 was transferred to the
louse Maintenance Committee to be used for painting
le tearoom. The tearoom was painted during June and
uly 1947. Lucile Dennison Wells '37

Chairman

WEEKEND COMMITTEE

The Alumnae Weekend Committee reports a radi-
cal change in schedule for 1946-47, with the observance
of this yearly event being held during commencement
weekend. It was felt by the dean of women, the com-
mittee members and the Executive Board of the
Alumnae Association that the holding of Alumnae
Weekend at this time would not only coincide with the
annual Trustees' Luncheon and annual meeting, but
would also result in the attendance of more out-of-town
alumnae than at any other time during the year. The
change seemed to meet with enthusiasm and provided a
more complete program of activities.

The schedule included workshops for class officers
Saturday morning, May 31; the Trustees' Luncheon at
one o'clock; the annual meeting of the Alumnae As-
sociation at three o'clock and a coca-cola party in the
Alumnae Garden for alumnae and faculty members at
four o'clock. It is recommended by the committee that
this program be further enlarged by the addition of a
speaker of note at the alumnae meeting.

Respectfully submitted,

Letitia Rockmore Lange '3 3
Chairman

LIVE IN ATLANTA?

DECATUR?

OR VICINITY?

IF YOU DO, YOU HAVE NO ENTERTAINMENT PROBLEM. MISS BETTY
HAYES, MANAGER OF THE SILHOUETTE TEA ROOM IN THE ALUMNAE
HOUSE AND A SKILLED CATERER, WILL ARRANGE LUNCHEONS, TEAS,
DINNERS OR SPECIAL PARTIES TO THE LAST DETAIL FOR YOU. HER
WEDDING RECEPTIONS ARE BECOMING A TRADITION IN DECATUR.
CALL MISS HAYES AT CRESCENT 5188 AND BE A GUEST AT YOUR
OWN PARTY, IN THE PERFECT SETTING OF THE REDECORATED
ALUMNAE HOUSE.

["]

Intellectual Opportunities

Dear Fellow Alumnae:

Your newly created Education Committee had as its first duty the examination of the sugges-
tions for improvement of the College in the questionnaires sent out to all alumnae last spring. The task
(for there is no disguising the fact that the scrutiny of hundreds of answers, however interesting, did
seem a large undertaking) proved to be anything but a dull chore. The liveliness of some of the
responses evoked the vivid sense of the personalities which lay behind them. We had the feeling of en-
countering real people, many of them old friends, who were honestly reckoning up the adequacy and
inadequacy of their college training as it was being tested in occupations ranging from farming to
feature writing. One strong impression we received was that the alumnae felt cut adrift from the
intellectual life of the college. Again and again there was praise for the quality of work done at Agnes
Scott in conjunction with the criticism that the college let its responsibility toward the minds of
its students stop short with graduation. In response to this criticism, which seems to constitute a demand,
the committee makes two suggestions to local clubs or to groups within clubs, or to any two or three
alumnae gathered together in a community without the formality of an organized club.

One is the study of the Great Books on the list made famous by Hutchins of Chicago, the
founders of St. John's, and the innovators at Columbia College. If you like the idea of starting with
Plato and grappling with the answers offered by the great thinkers of subsequent periods to the ever
more pressing question, "What is a good life?" write to the Great Books Foundation, 20 North Wacker
Drive, Chicago, 111., for help in planning the study and for books on the list, which the Foundation
provides at sixty cents a copy.

The other suggestion we can make because of the kindness of our own faculty. If you want to
pursue thoughtful reading in a more limited field, and if you like the idea of doing it under the guidance
of your old teachers, we have reading lists and suggestions for study in the following fields, made by
Professors:

Calder

Astronomy

Dexter

Philosophy

Glick

Greek Drama

Hayes

Shakespeare

Jackson

Russia

Laney

The Novel

Lapp

Modern Poetr

Children's Exercises and Music for Dancing (Mrs. Lapp is not suggesting subjects
for a study group, but material that will be helpful to alumnae conducting
dancing or exercises. She will be glad to meet with interested alumnae in the
neighborhood of the College.)

Mell Race Relations and Minority Groups

Phythian The French Novel

Posey American History

American Government

Preston Nineteenth Century English Poetry
The Writing of the Short Story

[16]

Robinson Statistics, Finance, other fields of Mathematics (Professor Robinson has not
prepared lists, but offers consultation in these fields to alumnae who write to him.)

Sims Current Affairs

(Mrs. Sims has not prepared lists in advance since the material constantly shifts.
She will be glad to suggest reading that is immediately pertinent if groups will
write to her about topics they wish to investigate.)

Smith Comparative Government

American Government

Winter The Theatre

The Alumnae Office will supply copies to groups or to individuals if you will write directly
there instead of to the professor concerned. The professors will, however, be happy to answer letters
about the study as it progresses and to make further suggestions. The committee, too, is eager to be of
use and welcomes communications. If local groups will participate actively in these projects, there is no
reason why we cannot have a real "alumnae student body."

Under one or the other of the two plans, the committee hopes that every interested group of
alumnae will find a way of pursuing studies that will keep vivid the "vision of greatness" glimpsed
perhaps in undergraduate years and possibly seeming now somewhat dimmed by the ugly smoke from
the explosions of a fantastically cruel war and by the sinister fog of a confused and selfish peace. We
need no reminder that we live in desperate times, times when it grows increasingly difficult to live the
"life proper to man." We do perhaps need to be reminded that the life of the spirit is still possible and
that the sources of the renewal of this life are still available to us in the midst of disaster. Perhaps from
the stimulus of shared study we can receive not only enrichment of our own inner selves, but the
encouragement we need for the imperative task imposed upon all responsible people, and in a peculiar
way upon college people. We are confronted whether we will or no with the just not impossible
undertaking of putting life at a really human level within the power of all men if we wish the life of Man
to survive. We hold precariously a moment of reprieve from oblivion. Whatever we can do to
increase our own understanding will fortify us just that much for what we must accomplish.

Concerning this larger problem of how to work effectively to make our community, the world
community, a brotherhood of free men, and especially how to make our whole educational system a
training for freedom, the committee hopes to make definite suggestions in future. We shall be very
grateful for any help you can give us about specific tasks that you think alumnae as groups should
undertake in improving educational attitudes and about established channels through which you think
alumnae could profitably work.

Faithfully yours,

Ellen Douglass Leyburn '27
Member of Education Committee.

[17]

Dear Alumnae Club Members:

There is gathering throughout the country a movement by college alumni to make themselves
felt as a thinking force in the present confusion and specifically to apply themselves to the preservation
and further development of education for a free society.

Those of us who studied at Agnes Scott are a part of this movement. In the last year a new note
of vigor and of resolution to undertake constructive projects has been heard from our scattered alumnae
clubs and from individuals in communities where clubs do not exist. Perhaps the reason is that in these
days of doubt we tend to think of the firm foundations upon which our lives have been built and to
desire to work from those foundations to bring some order and improvement into the jumble of affairs.

The alumni club is one instrument by which college men and women can bring their education
to bear on society. The least it can do is to bring educated minds together for fellowship and mutual
stimulation. At its best, it can provide a program of further intellectual development for its members,
it can support the college directly by raising money and by recommending promising students, and it
can exert the kind of influence upon community life that a group of thinking people should.

As Alumnae Association Vice-President in charge of Agnes Scott alumnae club promotion, I am
ready to do all I can to help you in your undertakings. I feel that we Agnes Scott alumnae can
do as much as any people in the world for the improvement of modern life. If we, with all our
discipline in mind and conscience, do not accept a share in the work, who can be expected to?

Loyally,

Araminta Edwards Pate '25

First Vice-President

Agnes Scott Alumnae Association

[18]

-acuity Summers

Research, writing, teaching and travel took Agnes
cott faculty members as far afield as France and
lalifornia this summer, sending them back ready to
arich classroom offerings and dinner-table conversation
rith their experiences.

Elizabeth Barineau, instructor in Spanish, spent
lost of the vacation weeks in Paris working on the
lanuscripts and early editions of Victor Hugo's
Meiifules for a critical edition she is preparing. The
rip was facilitated by a research grant from the
Carnegie Foundation.

Annie May Christie, assistant professor of English,
ursued research in the Library of Congress.

Melissa Cilley, assistant professor of Spanish,
aught both summer sessions at George Washington
Jniversity and did research. The fruit of her study,
paper on Portuguese ideals expressed in Brazilian
iterature, will be published in Hispania, journal of the
American Association of Teachers of Spanish and Portu-
gese.

Rebekah McDuffie Clarke, instructor in music
nd director of the choir and the Glee Club, studied
ratorio and voice teaching in New York with Henry
'fohl, managing to see eight plays and hear eight Phil-
larmonic concerts in the course of her stay there. Later
he attended the Professional School at Westminster
Ihoir College, Princeton, N. J.

Dr. H. T. Cox, associate professor of biology, used
University Center of Georgia grant-in-aid to do
esearch at various biological institutions in the East,
'or a series of studies presently to be published, in the
tem anatomy of several groups of plants, he collected
jlant specimens at the Mountain Lake Biological Sta-
ion of the University of Virginia, gathered preserved
slant specimens at the Herbarium of the New York
Jotanical Garden, and made short trips to the Herbari-
im of the University of North Carolina and to the
tropical Woods collection of the Yale University
School of Forestry.

Dr. Emily S. Dexter, associate professor of philoso-
)hy and education, taught at Piedmont College until
fuly 12, spending the rest of the summer visiting vari-
3us branches of her family in Wisconsin and touring
chat state and upper Michigan with a friend.

C. W. Dieckmann, professor of music, gave pri-
vate instruction during the summer.

Eugenie Dozier, instructor in physical education,
after two months of teaching regular classes in her

Atlanta studio spent August doing dance study in New
York with Angel Cansino for Spanish and George
Chaffee for ballet. She attended the convention of the
American Society of Dance Teachers there and was
elected chairman of its educational committee for the
coming year.

Dr. H C. Forman, professor of art, worked on a
Carnegie grant in landscape painting in New England
and Quebec.

Dr. W. Joe Frierson, professor of chemistry,
taught the general chemistry courses at Emory Uni-
versity through the eleven-week summer term and con-
ducted some research on a problem he began last year,
The Boiling Points of Pure Organic Compounds. He
went to his home in Batesville, Ark., for a week at the
close of the session.

Dr. Paul Leslie Garber, professor of Bible, was
one of twelve commissioners from Atlanta attending the
General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, U. S. For
five Sundays he commuted from Atlanta to preach at
Government Street Presbyterian Church, Mobile, and
later supplied at Druid Hills and North Avenue
churches in Atlanta and Second Presbyterian Church in
Charlotte, N. C. He attended the meetings of the
Presbyterian Educational Association of the South in
Montreat as chairman of student work for the Synod of
Georgia and as a member of the Bible teachers' section.
To the Southeastern Hazen Conference on Student

[19]

Counselling he went as a delegate, program committee
member and vesper leader, and during a Home Missions
Conference at Montreat he gave five Bible hours under
the title "Devoted to the Community of Free Men".
In the meantime he did research looking toward the
building of a model which is to incorporate the latest
archaeological findings concerning the architecture and
structure of Solomon's Temple.

Frances K. Gooch, associate professor of English,
taught seven weeks at the University of Georgia
on a full and overflowing schedule made particularly
interesting by the holding of a small clinic in con-
nection with her speech correction course. Return-
ing to Decatur, she then set forth for Kentucky and
Tennessee and a pleasant time with members of her
family and old friends. When she reached Decatur in
September, she says with justifiable pride, "I had
driven over two thousand miles without acquiring a
new dent in my car."

Edna Hanley, librarian, visited bookstores in New
York and Boston and made a trip to Carleton College
in Northfield, Minn., where a new library building is
being planned. Her summer included also a motor
jaunt through New England and into Canada.

Dr. George P. Hayes, professor of English, taught
at Emory for eleven weeks, giving a graduate course in
Elizabethan drama and one for undergraduates in the
short story. He and Mrs. Hayes later spent two weeks
in Pennsylvania with his parents.

Dr. Elizabeth Fuller Jackson, associate pro-
fessor of history, spent a quiet summer in South Wey-
mouth, Mass., seeing Juanita Greer White '26 in a visit
on the way up and again for a night en route back to
the College.

Dr. Emma May Laney, associate professor of
English, journeyed to the West Coast to read in the
Huntington Library on Robinson Jeffers. Traveling
by air and rail, she saw the major sights of the West,
visited many alumnae and capped the trip with a stop
in Chicago to see the collection of modern French
painting there.

Harriette Haynes Lapp, assistant professor of
physical education, spent the summer at a girls' day
camp in the beautiful Berkshire Hills in Massachusetts,
near the site of the Music Festival where Koussevitsky
was conducting the Boston Symphony. She and her
husband had a week in New York on the way home.

Dr. Ellen Douglass Leyburn, associate professor
of English, used a Carnegie grant to read in the Yale
Library in the field of satire and allegory.

Priscilla Lobeck, instructor in art, drove up from
Miami to Martha's Vineyard, Mass., where she painted
carved and postered. "Missed hurricane," she adds wit!
satisfaction.

Dr. Mary Stuart MacDougall, professor of bi-
ology, finished her second book, a zoology text callec
Fundamentals of Animal Biology, and packed it off t<
the publishers, who expect with good luck to bring it
out in about a year. Her paper "Cytological Studies oi
Plasmodium: the Male Gamete" appeared in the June
number of the Journal of the National Malaria Society,
embracing work done during and since the war,
partly at Agnes Scott and partly in the U. S. Public
Health Laboratory at Columbia, S. C. In August she
worked at the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods
Hole, Mass., making use of the best biological library in
the world and having conferences with cytologists
there. Her research, on the subject "Formation of the
Female Gamete and Fertilization in Plasmodium," was
done under a Carnegie grant.

Dr. Katharine Omwake, associate professor ol
psychology, was visiting associate professor of psycholo-
gy at George Washington University for the first and
major part of the summer. Two weeks in New York
and Boston followed.

Dr. Walter Posey, professor of history, used a
Carnegie grant to pursue elusive primary sources con-
cerning the Presbyterian Church as a factor in the social
history of the Old Southwest. One month was spent at
the Historical Foundation at Montreat, another in the
libraries in Philadelphia. The remaining time was divided
among New York, Washington, Richmond, Charlottes-
ville, Louisville and Frankfort.

Janef Preston, assistant professor of English, read,
walked and rested in North Carolina and Decatur.

Dr. Henry Robinson, professor of mathematics,
was released from the Army in May and spent the
summer in Hendersonville, N. C. He has returned to
the College this fall after an absence of almost seven
years.

Dr. Catherine Sims, associate professor of history
and political science, passed a pleasant summer divided
between work and play in Atlanta, plus a trip by car
to New York, via Myrtle Beach and Virginia Beach on
the way up and central Virginia on the way back.

Dr. Margret Trotter, assistant professor of Eng-
lish, did research in the Folger Shakespeare Library,
Washington, and at Harvard, on a Carnegie grant. Sh<
taught veterans for the summer quarter at The Ohio
State University, continuing research as time permitted

[20]

Llewellyn Wilburn, associate professor of physi-
il education, was hostess at the Highlands Country
)Iub, Highlands, N. C, for the summer. Her work
lvolved a goodly amount of golf mixed with indoor
ames.

Roberta Winter, instructor in speech, studied in
le Department of Drama at Catholic University in
Washington for six weeks. The rest of the summer was
>ent in Berryville, Va., with her mother.

Dr. Alma Sydenstricker, professor of Bible,
neritus, is living at 541 West 113th Street, New York
5, where she shares an apartment with her daughter-in-
:w, widow of Vivian Sydenstricker. Both are taking
Durses at Columbia University and will be in New
ork all winter. They have seen Miss Daugherty,
)rmer head of the Infirmary at Agnes Scott, and give
aod reports of her.

Dr. Catherine Torrance, professor of classical
nguages and literatures, emeritus, is enjoying tutoring
id literary work at -her home in Decatur. She is

scheduled to read a paper at the meeting of the
Southern Classical Association in Birmingham Thanks-
giving weekend.

Correction

It was stated in the Fall 1946 issue of the Quarterly
that Miss Louise Lewis threw a pitcher of water on
Miss Hopkins' head in an April 1st mixup once long
ago. Miss Lewis deposes that the water was thrown
from her transom but not by her. She relates that the
students were tying the teachers in their rooms so that
there would be no classes that day. (The article in
which the narrative appeared was entitled "The Good
Old Days"). While Miss Lewis pleaded with her not to
do anything undignified, Miss Phillips, another member
of the faculty, readied a pitcher of water to cast upon
the pranksters when they should come to tie Miss
Lewis' door shut. When Miss Hopkins came to the
door, Miss Phillips mistook her for the students and let
fly her ammunition.

ADDITIONS TO COLLEGE STAFF

An unusually large number of additions to the
ollege staff was announced this fall as registration
fan-

i Two of the new arrivals head departments: Dr.
^illiam A. Calder, professor of physics and astronomy,
id Dr. Eugenia C. Jones, resident physician and pre-
ssor of physical education.

Dr. Calder, formerly professor of astronomy at
toward University and Knox College, succeeds Dr.
:huyler M. Christian, who resigned last spring to
iter research work with Radio Corporation of America,
member of the American Astronomical Society and
fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society, London,
H Calder taught and did research for the national
:fense and war programs at Pennsylvania State Col-
ge, Carleton College and Harvard University from
HI to 1946. He has a master's degree in physics
om the University of Wisconsin and the master's and
jctor's degrees in astronomy from Harvard. He and
[rs. Calder and their two children are living on
)uth McDonough Street.

Among his plans is the organization of a regional
ction of the Amateur Astronomers League in the
tlanta area, for which he is now seeking persons
iterested in participating. He expects to send out in-
itations for an evening of fun in astronomy soon
id will be glad to have the names of Agnes Scott

alumnae or others to whom the idea is attractive.

Dr. Jones will be remembered by alumnae who
were at the College from 1940 to 1943, when she
occupied the physician's office. Since then her husband
has complete his studies in dentistry, a son has arrived
to enliven the family, and she has spent some time in
private practice in Atlanta. She is the holder of B.S.,
M.A., and M.D. degrees from George Washington Uni-
versity and of a D.Sc. from Johns Hopkins.

Other faculty and staff appointments:
Bible: The Rev. D. J. Cumming, B.A. Kentucky
Wesleyan College, B.D. Louisville Presbyterian Theo-
logical Seminary, M.A. Columbia University, D.D., as
acting associate professor of Bible. Dr. Cumming has
been engaged in educational work in Korea and is at
present on furlough.

Sociology: Floyd Hunter, B.A., M.A. University of
Chicago (Social Service Administration), as lecturer in
sociology. Mr. Hunter has done public welfare and
psychiatric social work and is at present the executive
director of the Community Planning Council of
Metropolitan Atlanta.

Classics: Elizabeth Zenn, B.A. Allegheny College,
Meadville, Pa.; M.A., Ph.D. University of Pennsylvania,
as instructor in classical languages and literatures.
Dr. Zenn taught at Swarthmore College last year.

Biology: Nancy Groseclose, B.S., M.S. Virginia

[21]

Polytechnic Institute, as instructor in biology. For the
past two years Miss Groseclose has been an instructor at
Hollins College, Virginia.

Betty Jean Radford, '47, will return to the college
as an assistant in biology; and Genet Heery '47 will
return as a fellow.

French: Mary Johnson '37, M.A. Middlebury Col-
lege, assistant in French.

Physics: Eloise Lyndon Rudy '45, as an assistant in
physics. Mrs. Rudy has previously assisted in the
physics laboratory here, and for the past year has
been a technician with the Kraft Foods Company.

Physical Education: Margery Lyon, B.S. Pennsyl-
vania State College, as an assistant in physical educa-
tion. Miss Lyon has been health education director for
the Y.W.C.A. in Savannah, Georgia, for the past two
years.

Chemistry: Mrs. Floyd Heckard, B.S. Limestone
College, Gaffney, S. C, as an assistant in chemistry.

Mrs. Heckard assisted in the chemistry laboratory work
at Limestone last year.

Publicity: Eleanor Hutchens '40, M.A. Universitj
of Pennsylvania, director.

Library: Phyllis Downing, B.S. Simmons College;
Marjorie Karlson '46, B.A.L.S. Emory University, Vir-
ginia Dickson '47 and Eleanor Calley Story '47, as
assistants to the librarian.

Bookstore: Carroll Taylor '47, as manager of the
bookstore and assistant in the post office.

Dietetics: Mrs. C. L. Sanders as assistant dietitian
Mrs. Sanders has been supervisor of the Marietta
Georgia high school cafeteria for the past two years.

Dormitory Supervision: Mrs. Marie P. Webb ai
assistant to the supervisor of dormitories. Mrs. Webl
was in charge of the tea room at Agnes Scott several
years ago.

Office of the Dean of Students: Marie Adams '47
as assistant to the dean of students.

Lecture Association announces its series for the 1947-48 season:

October 31 Kurt Schuschnigg, former chancellor of Austria, speaks on "The Problems
of Central Europe."

January 27 Vera Dean, research director of the Foreign Policy Association, lectures

on Russia.

February 23 The Barter Theatre of Abingdon, Virginia, presents Twelfth Night.

March 3 1 George Chaffee discusses and demonstrates modern ballet.

All presentations are scheduled for 8:3 P.M. in Presser Hall. Silhouette Tea House
has tentative plans for serving dinner before each presentation, tables to be reserved.

The Art Department lists its exhibits for the year:

October 22 to November 5 Scharf Collection of Modern French etchings and litho-
graphs. Original prints by Manet, Picasso, Daumier, Matisse, Renoir, Lautrec and

Kollwitz.

November 17 to December 1 Illustrations for children's books, from the Museum of

Modern Art.

January 15-29 Modern American houses.

April 7-28 New water colors and gouaches from the Museum of Modern Art.

A display of Japanese prints, some of which may be purchased, is planned for an

unannounced date between the January and April exhibits. The Agnes Scott student

exhibit will be held in the late spring.

[22]

LOOKING BACK

when

'HHjolfcutg tljc hrialjt rnutitrnanrr of trxtllj
n tltr quirt anu still air at orlightfitl atttuirs"

we see that we have not so much changed as developed, since we left college, and that the best of our growth has been
:rom the seeds of those years; that the doors through which we have walked to find self-realization were opened in
>ur minds at Agnes Scott.

As this Quarterly shows us, the College has grown and developed, too partly because we once were there,
3artly because some of us have gone back to teach there, partly because as alumnae many of us have watched and helped.

The Agnes Scott student of today is as we were. She lives in our rooms, walks across our Quadrangle, hears our
professors and studies at our tables in the Library. She makes the jokes we made and thinks our thoughts. The young
nind, the book and the teacher form a combination that endures because it is always old and always new. . .

a combination made possible

by the gifts of people
who knew its power for good.

LOOKING FORWARD

we see that we who have been the receivers are to become the givers if the Agnes Scott student of tomorrow (who
will be as we were) is to exist. To make sure that she does, and that the values and insights she takes into the adult
world continue to be grounded in the Agnes Scott tradition of excellence we have known, is

part of our role in society

as college people.

Our contribution to the Alumnae Fund is the amount we feel we can give from a
year's income to support Agnes Scott and the kind of education the College offers.

[23]

1912s HOUSEPARTY REUNION

By Cornelia E. Cooper

The old wish, "Backward, turn backward, O Time
in thy flight," came true as Ruth Slack Smith waved a
magic wand and made the 1912-ers Agnes Scott lassies
again for six glorious days. They dressed and went, and
dressed and went again. Between times they talked of
all that has happened since they were at A.S.C. Janette
Newton Hart won the prize with six children; Julia
Pratt Smith Slack and Mary Champe Raftery came sec-
ond with four. Julia Pratt has most grandchildren,
while Martha Hall Young has the oldest grandchild.
May Joe Lott Bunkley, Ruth, Annie Chapin McLane,
and Cornelia Cooper have given their time to education
administration or teaching.

Everything passed off as in a fairy tale. Ruth plan-
ned and executed perfectly. As the seven guests en-
tered, they found a copy of the morning paper with an
account of the reunion a copy for each; post cards
ready to be written, initialed napkins at their places,
and a photographer to take their pictures for the paper.
Then began the program of activities.

The idea of the reunion had started in the spring
when Ruth had written each of the class suggesting
that the reunion be held with her this year. She said it
was difficult for some of the class to get to Agnes
Scott at Commencement, and she wanted them for a
longer time anyway. Eleven of the twelve graduates
accepted at once, and in spite of a wide variety of re-
sponsibilities eight members (six graduates) actually
gathered at Durham July 16.

The pleasantest part of the week's experiences was
meeting old Agnes Scotters. Katherine Merrill Pasco,
who had attended Agnes Scott some of the time they
did and more when they were not there invited them
to Raleigh, where she showed them the sights and had
them to lunch in her delightful home. Dr. and Mrs.
Rankin drove them to see Chapel Hill (Dr. Rankin
taught math at Agnes Scott 1921-'26). Ruth Ander-
son O'Neal came over for one of the parties; Mary
Whitaker Flowers, Academy 1908-'09, entertained
them at dinner at the New Hope Country Club.

Frances Brown, Ph.D., A.S.C. '28, who is teaching
chemistry at Duke, entertained them at supper Sun-
day night. While they were at her house, an Agnes
Scott sophomore, Nancy Parks, dropped in with a
friend to show them an Agnes Scott annual of today.
She knew all their nieces who are there now, so it was
hard for her to break away from all the questions. She
bade them goodbye with the line, "When far from the
reach of her sheltering arms."

Betty Brown Sydnor, whose sister Helen had been
at A.S.C. when the 1912-ers had been, came to one of
the parties, and brought Dr. Sydnor over later for a
delightful visit. The one regret about seeing old Agnes
Scotters was that the group did not get to see Florence
Brinkley, B.A. of Agnes Scott, who won a Ph.D., was
head of the English department at Goucher, and had
not yet taken up her new duties as dean of women at
Duke University. Besides the Agnes Scotters, Ruth's
many other friends showered the house party with at-
tentions. The reunioners enjoyed the letters that had
come from the absent members Nellie Fargason
Racey, Antoinette Blackburn Rust, Mary Croswell
Croft, Marie Mclntyre Alexander, Fannie G. Donald-
son, Carol Stearns Wey; they giggled over scrapbooks
of old days.

They enjoyed Duke University the East or Wom-
en's Campus in Georgian architecture, the West Cam-
pus in Gothic; the cathedral-like chapel; the colorful
gardens. They peeked into the sanctum where Ruth
functions as dean of undergraduate instruction of the
Woman's College.

As they packed to return home, they were lamenting
the fact that the house party had to end. Julia Pratt
discovered that her ticket was good for three months.
May Joe went her one better with a six months' ticket.
There was a silence. Mary burst out laughing,

"I bought a one-way ticket!"
'Twas the end of a perfect week.

[24]

nIECROLOCY

larry Alexander, brother of Ethel
Alexander Gaines, Inst., and Lucile
Alexander '11, and father of Elizabeth
Alexander Higgins '35 and Eloisa
Uexander Le Conte '27, died in April.

nstitute

aio Mable Cates died in June.

/"irginia Wells Logan's husband died
.larch 25 in Chattanooga.

,ilah Schwing Wiselogle is deceased.

,ucile Faith Foddrill died January 11
t a hospital in Atlanta.

da Pearl Hervey Jones died in 1945.

ielene Hutchinson Dalton died Decem-
ler 2, 1941.

Jula Stanton Duval died in June at
ynory University Hospital of heart
rpuble.

Gertrude Ausley Kelley died at her
pme in Atmore, Ala., on July 12.

Academy

,aura Belle Gilbert Eaton's father died
ist spring.

^ary Allgood Jones Purse died in
945.

1916

osie Jones Paine died June 8. Josie
raduated cum laude in law at the Uni-
ersity of Florida in 1946. She had prac-
iced law from 1926 until 1942. Her
amily requested that no flowers be sent
3 her funeral but that contributions be
nade to the American Cancer Society.

i921

/ienna Mae Murphy died in June.

,927

Uizabeth Dennis Nowell's husband died
<f a heart attack in December.

I929

Won Brown Williams died very sud-
lenly after a heart attack June 20. She
ras buried in Roselawn Memorial Park
a Little Rock. She was president of
he class of 1929.

1932

iarah Lane Smith Pratt's mother died
n March.

1933

Marie Moss Brandon's husband died in
April after a long illness.

1935

Laura Whitner Dorsey's mother died in
April.

1937

Peggy Alston Refoule died May 14 at
her home in Atlanta.

1941

Louise Meiere Culver's son, Emory,
died in June. He was one of the twins
who had just celebrated his first birth-
day.

1944

Eudice Tontak's father died in March.

Madeline Rose Hosmer Brenner's
mother died recently.

1945

Jodele Tanner died in April and was
buried in West View cemetery in At-
lanta.

1946

Jane Smith's father died in March.

Pattie Dean's father died August 24,
after a short illness.

Special students

Anne Tyler Sutcli'ff died in May in
Durham, N. C. She was a niece of Miss
Annie May Christie.

SUMMARY OF 1946-47 AGNES SCOTT ALUMNAE FUND

1781 gifts totaling
20
29

1830

$6460.25 UNDESIGNATED

501.84 SEMI-CENTENNIAL PAYMENTS
1098.64 DESIGNATED

$8060.73

CONTRIBUTORS BY CLASSES

Contributors
Graduate

CLASS No. %

Institute 19 35

Academy

College

1906 1 20

1907 2 40

1908 ...... _ 1 17

1909 6 60

1910 4 31

1911 _ 5 42

1912 8 67

1913 8 57

1914 14 64

1915 6 27

1916 17 55

1917 ! 23 64

1918 17 57

1919 17 47

1920 25 61

1921 26 46

1922 i._ _ 28 48

1923 _ 26 43

1924 22 39

1925 35 47

1926 21 28

1927 39 38

1928 37 37

1929 45 47

1930 32 34

1931 36 48

1932 12 15

1933 40 41

1934 26 30

1935 34 40

1936 - 47 46

1937 41 48

1938 41 49

1939 40 44

1940 43 44

1941 49 49

1942 43 46

1943 44 56

1944 47 50

1945 69 68

1946 32* 26*

1947 114 100

1948

1949

Spec.

Others

Totals 1242

Contributing
Non-Graduates

No.
103
33

1

1

3

3
11

7

6

5

7

9

7
12

7

9

7
15
12
17
17
14
11

6

9

6

7

4

6

6

7

5

5

4
10

6
12

6
10

9

16
14
17
12

9

3

8

34

548

CLASS TOTAL

$ 489.00
101.10

10.00

29.00

9.00

37.00

64.50

70.75

44.00

60.50

77.50

64.00

97.50

145.50

92.00

163.00

270.50

150.00

147.50

249.00

193.50

274.00

133.00

315.00

185.10

288.00

228.50

134.00

85.50

164.00

173.50

194.00

150.50

197.30

184.50

185.00

199.50

151.00

223.00

292.50

223.00

264.00

155.00

160.80

15.00

12.00

54.00

853.98

$8060.73

* Class 100% before graduation. These figures represent second gifts.

THI.S YEAR 50% of the living graduates of the College were active members. ... 13 classes had
50% or more members who contributed to the Alumnae Fund . . . Association had 1901 members including
life members. 100% of the Class of 1947 in attendance for the 1940-47 session joined the Association
before graduation.

[32]

The

lumnae Quarterly

^s

/ - ' \

1 1

' "'^---dL -. ifi?

Fi . [ ^>T^

7

Winter 1948

The Alumnae Association Of Agnes Scott College

Officers

Eliza King Paschall '3 8

President

Emmee Branham Carter '16

Residence

Araminta Edwards Pate '2 5

First Vice-President

Molly Jones Monroe '37

Kenneth Maner Powell '27

Second Vice-President

Nell Pattillo Kendall '3 5

Garden

Charlotte E. Hunter '29

Third Vice-President

Letitia Rockmore Lange '3 3

Special Events

Jane Taylor White '42

Secretary

Alice McDonald Richardson '29

Entertainment

Betty Medlock '42

Mary Wallace Kirk '11

Education

Trustees

Mary Green '3 5

Vocational Guidance

Margaret McDow MacDougall '24

Alumna Trustee

Frances Winship "Walters Inst.

Alumna Trustee

Committee Chairmen

Jane Guthrie Rhodes '38

Publicity

Staff

Eleanor N. Hutchens '40

Director of Alumnae Affairs

Emily Higgins '45

House and Office Manager

Margaret Milam '45

Office Assistant

Hattie Lee West Candler Inst.

House Decorations

Betty Hayes

Tearoom Manager

MEMBER AMERICAN ALUMNI COUNCIL

THE AGNES SCOTT ALUMNAE QUARTERLY is published four times a year (November, February, April and July) by the Alumnae
Association of Agnes Scott College at Decatur, Georgia. Contributors co the Alumnae Fund receive the magazine. Yearly subscription, $2.00.
Single copy, 50 cents. Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office of Decatur, Georgia, under Act of August 24, 1912.

mE
Agnes Scott

ALUMNAE QUARTERLY

Agues Scoff College, Decatur, Georgia Vol. 26, No. 2

WINTER 1948

ISSU On Introduction To This Issue 2

f" I I ' Margaret Bland Seivell

Education

The Alumnae Appraisal 3

The Education Committee

To The Educators Of My Children 5

Douglass Lyle Koivlctt

To The Parents Of My Pupils 9

Alice Cbeeseman

Two Personal Obsessions 12

Louisa Duls

Class News 21

Illustrations and layout by Priscilla Lobeck, Instructor in Art

Eleanor N. Hutchens '40, Editor

[i]

INTRODUCTION TO THIS ISSUE

By Margaret Bland Sewell '2(
Member, Education Committee

When Daniel Webster pleaded the Dart-
mouth College Charter Case before the
Supreme Court of the United States in 1818,
he paused a moment after his prepared argu-
ment and then, according to the account of
Chauncey A. Goodrich of Yale, he turned
impulsively to the Chief Justice and spoke
spontaneously from his own full heart, end-
ing with the words:

Sir, you may destroy this little institution; it is
weak; it is in your hands! You may put it out; but,
if you do, you must carry on your work! You must
extinguish, one after another, all those great lights of
science, which, for more than a century, have thrown
their radiance over the land! It is, sir, as I have said, a
small college, and yet there are those who love it.

This thought, this emotion evoked about
Dartmouth College over a century ago, is
applicable equally well today to our own
Alma Mater, Agnes Scott, "it is a small
college, and yet there are those who love it."
In fact, there are former students all over
the United States and in many foreign coun-
tries who think of Agnes Scott College with
deep affection but, because they love their
college, it does not necessarily follow that
they are uncritical of it, that they wish it to
remain static, unchanged. Because they love
it, they wish it to give in full measure all the
advantages that they have had as well as many
advantages of which they have only dreamed.
In answer to a questionnaire sent out by the
Alumnae office, hundreds of these former
students who love their college have written
back commendations, criticisms, and sugges-

tions. A report of these answers has beet
compiled by the Education Committee of the
Alumnae Association and is presented in thi;
issue of the Quarterly.

The report contains varied and variou;
suggestions. There are those who, like th
Commission on Life Adjustment Educatior
for Youth, feel that education should be oi
the bread-and-butter type, that the tradi-
tional subjects such as algebra, foreign lan-
guages, and literary classics should yield to
vocational courses which prepare a student
for earning a living. On the other hand,
there are those who feel that education should
offer more than an ability to acquire the
creature comforts of life, desirable as those
may be, who are in agreement with Sir
Richard Livingstone in the views he expressed
in his article "Inequality of Education" in
the November Atlantic Monthly, "If Greek
and Latin are among the great things of the
world, give them to as many people as are
capable of receiving them", who believe that
all the great things of the world whether they
be found in Greek or Latin, in science, in
literature, or in philosophy should be offered
to college students so that they may develop
into the kind of people of whom Sir Thomas
Browne was thinking when he wrote, "Life is
a pure flame and we live by an invisible sun
within us."

This divergence of views of our alumnae is
typical of the confusion that exists every-
where today, a confusion as to what should

[2]

comprise a good education, a proper prepara-
tion for modern life. Since it is only by
thought and discussion that we may ulti-
mately arrive at some clarification of this
confusion, the education committee has asked
three alumnae to present their views in this
issue of the Quarterly. One of these con-
tributors is a teacher of kindergarten and of
three small children of her own; one has had
several years of teaching experience in the
elementary grades and has a glowing enthusi-
ism for her work; while the third has taught
with originality and daring high school and
;ollege classes. It is the hope of the education

committee that from the vantage point of
experience of these three as well as from
the general report of all who answered the
questionnaire, we may be able to sift the
educational grain from the chaff and help
foster a program of instruction which will
fulfill the purpose as expressed in the words
of Booker T. Washington:

The end of education, whether of head or heart, is
to make an individual good, to make him useful, to
make him powerful; it is to give him goodness, useful-
ness and power in order that he may exert a helpful
influence upon his fellows.

fHE ALUMNAE APPRAISAL

'Students should be taught how to live if such a
hing is possible," declares an Agnes Scott graduate of
908 in answering the questionnaire sent all alumnae
ast year.

Her admonition sums up the belief of virtually all
vho replied to the query, "In the light of your experi-
tice, what things from your Agnes Scott training
:em to be most valuable to you, and what, in your
pinion, should be added to the academic or social life
f students today?"

Most of the other answers, however, indicate little

bt on the part of the writers that such a thing is

ossible: that a college not only should but can teach

s students how to live. It is in their widely varying

onceptions of living that they disagree.

The two thousand questionnaires returned to the
lumnae Office have been examined, one by one, and
le answers to the appraisal question tabulated some
f them copied verbatim for reproduction in this re-
ort. Members of the Alumnae Association Education
ommittee, which undertook the task last spring,
ivided the questionnaires by decades. Chairman Mary
Wallace Kirk '11, a trustee of the College, took the
:ars of the Institute, the Academy and the College
irough 1909; Margaret Bland Sewell '20, former

member of the Agnes Scott faculty and now a writer
and homemaker, the classes of 1910-19; Ellen Douglass
Leyburn '27, associate professor of English at Agnes
Scott, the 1920-29 period; Evangeline Papageorge '28,
assistant professor of biochemistry at Emory, the
1930-39 classes; Eleanor Hutchens '40, then on the
editorial staff of a daily newspaper and now director
of alumnae affairs and publicity at Agnes Scott, the
classes of 1940-49. Virginia Frettyman '34, sixth
member of the committee, a member of the Smith
College faculty last year and of Wellesley's now, was
too far away to attend the meetings necessary to the
preparation of coordinated reports.

Noting that the question actually embodied two
questions, the committee decided to divide its reports
into two sections, one covering the values ascribed to
Agnes Scott training and the other presenting the sug-
gestions for improvement. A preliminary survey of
the answers showed that each section would fall into
three parts: cultural, social, and moral and religious.
It was resolved to tabulate answers under these
headings and to extract quotations which seemed either
to summarize general opinion or to present individual
ideas interestingly.

An inspection of the five reports reveals three kinds
of development running parallel through the years: that

[3]

of the College itself, that of public opinion as to the
function of a college, and that of the alumnae as they
grow older.

Many alumnae must have noticed in the last issue
of the Quarterly that their suggestions had been put
into effect some years ago by the College. Social regu-
lations have been adjusted as times have changed; the
curriculum has been broadened to meet the needs of
students as members of modern society; extracurricular
activities have felt increasingly, and have responded
to, the impact of each era in human affairs. This is
not to say that all, or even most, suggestions for im-
provement from the earlier classes are outdated; but
the occurrence of the ones which are indicates the
progress of the College since those classes were in
attendance.

The trend toward holding the college responsible
for every kind of preparation for adult life reflects
itself in the many demands by younger alumnae for
vocational training, mainly in homemaking and office-
keeping. These are the alumnae, on the other hand,
who express themselves as most strongly appreciative
of the liberal arts education they received at Agnes
Scott. The oldest and the youngest class groups mirror
the change in the conception of the purpose of higher
education most strikingly, the earliest being concerned
largely with religious and social training and develop-
ment and the latest with intellectual stimulation and
preparation for work in the home or outside it.

The difference in age of alumnae registers most
entertainingly in the demands for homemaking courses,
made with greatest emphasis by the young and newly
married. Apparently the older alumnae have mastered
cookbooks and budgets for themselves and now have
time to reflect upon the college courses of more
intrinsic value, while the younger ones are still strug-
gling with the details of home operation. Those of the
middle period seem, on the whole, the most philosophi-
cally inclined, dwelling upon the advantages of the
cultivated mind and the necessity for instilling in
college students a sense of their future responsibility to
community, nation, and world.

One suggestion runs almost uniformly through
the answers of alumnae spread over the entire half-
century: the fine arts, especially music and painting,
should be emphasized more, should be brought to the
attention of every student, perhaps should be pre-
sented in required appreciation courses.

The largest number of alumnae agreeing on any

single subject select mental discipline and development,
in different forms, as the prime value of Agnes Scott
training. Their appreciation is expressed in term!
ranging from "the budgeting of time" through "the
ability to stick with a hard job" and on to "the faculty
of weighing evidence before forming an opinion." The
taste for and ability to enjoy good literature, ability to
fit new knowledge into a general framework, and
intellectual curiosity are frequently noted as gains in
this area.

Next in number are suggestions for instruction
homemaking. Few alumnae say they would have
courses in the field given for credit except as ad-
vanced studies in sociology on the family or human
relations but a large number think they should be
offered and emphasized. Some, apparently with the
thought that they themselves probably would not have
taken such courses voluntarily, urge that they be re-
quired. Some make the explicit reservation that the
material should be presented on at least a semi-scientific
level.

Liberalization of social life, with increased provisior
for meeting men, looms large among suggestions; but
as has been indicated, the very recent classes feel this
need less than those of other years. Many demands
for the permission of dancing with men on the campus,
for instance, come from alumnae unaware that the
former regulation against it is no longer in effect. The
no-smoking rule brings scattered protests. Most of the
suggestions on social life, however, are not specific.

Instruction in basic business techniques typinj
especially, shorthand, bookkeeping, and filing is nexl
to homemaking in the requests for vocational training
Again, it is not necessarily desired in credit courses, bu
many alumnae think typing ability should be requiree
of all students.

Expanded curricular offerings for instruction ii
political and social responsibility lead the list of aca
demic additions desired by alumnae, with a philosophy
department and a broader Bible department, or
department of religion, following.

Next to mental discipline and the liberal arts cur
riculum, approving comments go in largest number t<
the association with faculty members and with othe
students. Related and also frequent are remarks 01
the democracy of the Agnes Scott campus and th
value of student activities as training in service an<
leadership.

{Continued on Page 14)

[4]

["o The Educators Of My Children

By Douglas Lyle Rowlett '39

As a daughter of a teacher, as a student and
rospective teacher, as the wife of a teacher, I have
[ways had a serious interest in our schools and their
rogram. But as a mother of three children, I care
ith an urgent new intensity about our educational
rstem.

My husband and I believe that a Christian educa-
on is the only hope of our children and our world.
7e are deeply concerned over the great possibilities
id the numerous shortcomings of the modern educa-
ve process. Our discussions and thoughts run along
lese lines: What should education accomplish for the
[dividual? Does it so accomplish? What kind of
lucation do we desire for our children? How can we
2t such an education for them?

We believe, as do many persons, that the total
education of an individual should teach him to live.
That is precisely the goal we seek in the total educa-
tion of our children. By observation, study, and
personal experience, we have found that, at its best
(i.e. at Agnes Scott and institutions of similar
caliber), formal education can teach individuals much
about how to live intelligently and constructively. But
we have also observed and experienced how education
in general, and the public school in particular, is fall-
ing miserably short of this goal.

The painful fact is that our public schools and at
least some of our colleges are not successful in teaching
us to live. Today's children are born to parents who
are almost completely unprepared and untrained for
their job as pre-school teachers. Most children are
victims of well-meaning but bungling home training
which brings them to their first days in an over-
crowded school already maladjusted and unprepared
for whatever learning our discouraged and underpaid
teachers can offer. By the time these children reach
high school, many of them are impatiently wasting
their last years of school, conserving their mental
energies, learning only enough to "get by."

And these are the boys and girls who several years
later are the parents of a new generation. They know
almost nothing of how to live and less about how to
help their children to live well. Little wonder then
that the newspapers are full of personal tragedies, the
hospitals full of the nervously ill, the jails full of
criminals, the government full of conscienceless poli-
ticians and sleepy voters, the divorce courts full of
broken homes, and families full of disappointed, mis-
understood individuals.

Most of us need look no further than ourselves
and our own families to discover our lack of knowl-
edge of how to live. Even the so-called "well-
educated" do not know as much as they ought to
know about living together, teaching our children to
live, working effectively for the good forces in our
community, and combating the destructive ones.

[5]

If we believe with Ruskin that "education does not
mean teaching people to know what they do not know;
it means teaching them to do what they do not do",
then we must seek to improve human conduct through
education. We must rethink our whole educational
system, especially through the elementary and high
school levels, which compose the total formal learning
of most persons and lay the foundations for higher
education.

The kind of education we want for our children
and their generation cannot, obviously, be set down
as a list of subjects to be taught from kindergarten
through college. I shall mention here seven fields of
training which we feel need more careful emphasis.
Each field demands, as its sine qua non, the highest
type of teacher, superior in every respect to the aver-
age public school teacher (more of that later).

Because spiritual development is so generally
neglected, except for about 52 hours a year, I should
mention first my wish for religious training for my
children and their associates. This is a delicate prob-
lem, but every child has a right to understand all
religions, to discover that every faith has something of
truth and beauty, and to develop a spiritual back-
ground for the growth of his own chosen faith and
personal philosophy.

We earnestly wish for our children some thorough
training in human relations. The need is overwhelm-
ing. The more parents I know, young and old, the
more I see of the tragic abuse of the basic principles
of human relations. Our homes are full of misunder-
stood children, misunderstood husbands and wives.
The home could and should be the well-spring of
mentally healthy citizens; but it is not, because of our
ignorance of human relations. The success of many
such books as How to Win Friends and Influence
People and the increase of personal advice columns
show the desperate desire of people to manage them-
selves better.

Some small beginnings have been made in teaching
human relations. All students of education know of
the Denver East High experiment with the "core"
of Social Living. Our Atlanta schools are initiat-
ing similar courses this year on a smaller scale. In the
last decade, progressive colleges, including our own,
have taken steps to prepare students for marriage by
making available counselors and lecturers on human
relations.

This will be an admirable step, but we want such

training to begin in elementary schools and be availabh
to all people throughout their youth. We seek training
for our children in the simplest applied psychology
For example, it is easy to teach little children why the)
are jealous of their baby brothers, how normal sucl
emotions are, and how to put such strong feelings t(
constructive use. All people have the right to under
stand themselves. A growing self-knowledge from earl)
childhood would measurably increase their ability t<
live well and think clearly. Similarly, an advancin;
understanding of others, of family relationships, o
parental responsibilities, and of child psychology wouk
bring a miraculous change for the better in family lif
and even national and world life.

Plainly, the psychologists must be drawn fron
other jobs and given a permanent profitable place
our schools. Not only should these specially qualifie(
persons teach human relations, but they should b
available as counselors for students and their families
If we cannot learn to live together as families, com
munities and as one world, then we cannot live at all

The basic skills are subjects in which we want ou
children to be thoroughly trained. We seek for then
the most skillful and exhaustive training in reading
spoken and written English, and arithmetic.

I cannot say enough (nor can my husband, wh<
meets every day the pitifully inadequate reading
speaking, and writinj
ability of high schoo
students) about the press
ing and immediate neei
for better teaching
these skills. This shouli
extend far beyond th
early grades, with a reme
dial teacher for each grad
to do corrective teachin
for those who read poorl;
or speak or write bekw
standards set up for their grade. We should like to se
required courses in speech through the high school an<
college years.

Overcrowded classes, along with the modern ten
dency to pass the slow pupil to the next grade despit
inability to master the skills, are resulting in dis
couragement and feelings of inadequacy among man
students. Many of these leave school as early as pos
sible, and those who continue through high school an
college suffer from fuzzy thinking and poor standarc

[6]

of work. Effective research has been made on how to
improve the teaching of basic skills, but thus far our
schools have not put it to effective use. Because of
this fallacy our whole educational system through the
graduate levels is enervated.

The need for training in health in our schools need
hardly be mentioned because of its blatant manifesta-
tions in the "half -health" of our citizens. We should
see that our children learn to cultivate vigorous,
abounding health for themselves and their children.
Too many schools regard health courses as a fill-in and
allow them to be taught haphazardly by indifferent
and untrained persons. We seek for our children the
joy of skillful participation in at least one "carry-over"
sport and the knowledge of the life-time necessity of
wholesome play. Agnes Scott has a program of health
and physical education which should inspire any
educator.

We want vocational guidance and even vocational
skills for our children. This is a growing field of
research and endeavor, but the schools should utilize
all such findings immediately. All students should be
required to attain knowledge of themselves through
repeated aptitude and personality tests. When such
self-analysis is possible, it is criminal neglect to let
young people drift into the working world with no
understanding of their own capabilities and no basis for
judging whether they may succeed or fail at their jobs.
The Peoria Plan of psychological testing, analysis, and
idvice has proved once and for all that guesswork can
se eliminated from vocational choices.

After such guidance has been given and aptitudes
letermined, we believe that students should be helped
:o prepare themselves for practical life by learning
:ome skills to undergird their vocational tendencies.
fo avoid interference with academic endeavor and to
lelp students who may leave school early, this voca-
ional training should take place in the eighth and
linth grades. At this time, all girls, regardless of
ntellectual or financial status, should be required to
lo at least two years of study in home-making. These
:ourses should raise their present standards to the point
f actually producing capable home-makers. These
equired skills, along with similar basic vocational
raining for boys along with the human relations
raining already proposed, should provide the minimum
ssentials for the maintenance of a decent society.

On the college level of vocational training, I
lesire for my children enough professional preparation

to take their places in their chosen work immediately
after graduation, although I shall expect them to sup-
plement this professional training while working.
While I believe wholeheartedly in liberal arts as a basis
for any career, I feel that too many students are un-
prepared for entering their chosen field and certainly
too many graduate from college without having even
been able to select their field of work. Since every
normal individual must bear his own weight in society,
scientific vocational guidance and training are pre-
requisites to good living.

The liberal and fine arts need not and must not be
sacrificed in any degree to this pragmatic training for
life. I desire for my children a lively relationship with
the best in literature. The quantity of literary works
which they study in school will not be of so much con-
cern to me as that the quality and presentation of these
works be such as to stimulate a life-long hunger for
good reading. The sciences, languages, history, higher
mathematics, too, should be taught so as to communi-
cate a sense of high excitement in the discovery of the
timeless mind of man and the wonder of the world.

I wish my children to be enriched in spirit by the
fine arts. I want required courses in all schools and
colleges to teach my children to recognize and enjoy
the best in music, art, drama, and the dance. Learning
to respond to fine music and art is undoubtedly a part
of learning to live well.

Responsible citizenship has long been a basic aim of
education, but in the case of the average student, the
goal is not achieved. As a foundation for construe-

[7]

tive citizenship, our children should be required to
study not only government and history, but sociology,
political science, economics, and modern history. I
should like to see government presented as a high voca-
tion and gifted students advised to consider a scientific
and idealistic preparation for it. Most of all, I want
the coming generation to realize that an aroused and
enlightened citizenry has the power and responsibility
actually to determine its own policies of government.
If our generation has been successfully taught this,
our schools would now be more nearly what we want
them to be. The education we desire for our children
is not Utopian; it can become a reality. The impetus
for the change must come directly from an aroused
and vociferous citizenry. We who are dissatisfied with
our poverty-stricken educational system have the
responsibility of awakening our complacent fellow-
citizens and making our wishes manifest to the local,
state, and national government.

Education should be the first concern of our
government. As matters now stand, we do not have
even a Secretary of Education on the President's
cabinet. We must demand that our government give
more help to education. There are fine leaders with
brilliant minds and winning personalities who could
bring about a new and glorious era in education if
given power and funds to launch the most significant
and essential of all government programs.

The disgraceful matter of teachers' salaries has
been given a good public airing in the last year. But
we should demand immediate and drastic action to
correct the situation. The one step that would ad-
vance the cause of public school education more rapidly
and effectively than any other is a drastic increase in
teachers' salaries, say to a minimum of four or five
thousand annually, probably by means of government
subsidies, at least for a period. This would imme-
diately improve the quality of teaching, stimulate
competition for teaching positions, with an inevitable
elevation of our whole system of education.

All teachers should be placed on probation for
several years. No teachers should be hired for political
or any other reasons except training and leadership
ability. Higher standards of scholarship, character,
and personality must be set up for the considered and
critical judging of prospective teachers. We should
seek not so much the brilliant mind, but the intelligent,
well-trained, understanding, and inspired teacher.
When we raise our teaching standards, remove the

smothering effect of politics from the schools, and in-
crease teachers' salaries, teaching will become the
honored and desirable profession it has every right to
be.

We shall not consider here where the government
could obtain the funds for subsidizing the schools. It
manages to find whatever is needed for whatever it
considers necessary. We must make our executives
know that the citizens hold education more valuable
than any other project. If they discover it is the first
concern of the voters, they will make it their first
concern. We need not fear government control of
education. If we can get its support, we can trust
ourselves to guide it. We must be willing to be taxed
more for education. There could be no greater bargain
for us.

Already I hear cries of "Idle dreams", "Impossibil-
ities"! Indeed, our hopes are without foundation
unless we parents wake up to our responsibilities. I
am not content to let the "leavening process" bring
about a gradual improvement in education. Our world
could be destroyed by ignorance and misunderstanding
while we wait for the leavening process.

Let us realize our power and use it now to accom-
plish a revolution in education. Let us set our scale
of values more accurately so that we may put educa-
tion above beautiful cars, fashionable clothes, bridge
clubs, and movies. Let us open our eyes to the clumsy
living prevalent in our world. Let us study our schools
and recognize their inadequacies. Then by speaking,
publicly and privately, by writing, by feeling strongly
and communicating our emotions and thoughts actively
and contagiously, let us see to it that our schools will
teach our children and our children's children to live.

[8]

TO THE PARENTS OF MY PUPILS

By Alice Cheeseman '39

This is a delicious opportunity. Imagine being
asked to go to press with ideas on what kind of elemen-
tary education I'd like to see evolve in these United
States! So many likely ideas on this very subject have
died on the rim of the afternoon coffee cup; I had long
since concluded that this is the way with ideas about
education. Ah, but these will come by a new experi-
ence: death on the printer's brayer. And how envious
all my professional friends still in their coffee cups!

Superintendent for a day, and this is elementary
education as I would have it:

1. Larger buildings, properly equipped.

An efficient plan for the elementary school plant
begins with spacious classrooms, of course, but it also
includes equipment for proper darkening for using
movies, and a radio equipped to play records, within
each classroom. The plan should include a large
library room, adequate rest rooms on each hall section
of each floor, a gymnasium, a music room, an art
studio, and a stage and auditorium, acoustically treated,
and large enough to seat at least twice the school's
average enrollment. Separate (in fact quite separate!)
from the main plant belongs the "inviting cafeteria"
and kitchen. (Too many of my arithmetic lessons
have been arrested by the aroma of fresh homemade
rolls baking for lunch or by the cabbage situation.)
Each elementary school needs an athletic field. Each
needs an indoor swimming pool. And a good sized
parking lot. (Have you ever tried to park at a night
P.T.A. meeting?)

2. More money

Certainly this elaborate set-up calls for money, but
that brings me to the poor taxpayer. Somehow when
ne received his education in this great land he failed to
earn the value of that education for which his own
rather paid taxes. It was so with his father's father,
:oo. In fact, for some generations back the people of

our country haven't learned to place a value on edu-
cation. They feel no urge to pay for obscure value.
And so it would appear that the blame for this lack of
wherewithal lies securely on that which lacks it the
educational system itself.

Noiv have I poked a hornet's nest! But I feel it is
true. Evidence of it lies in such as the common abuse
of public text books, state or city property, bought by
taxes paid by the fathers of the abusers. Nevertheless,
tax allotments for education must be increased. Ac-
tually the value, penny for penny, is there. Remind
us to make that clear in the taxpayer's mind, beginning
now, on tomorrow's taxpayer. That money not only
points to a better school plant, but also to a larger
school personnel.

3. More teachers, better prepared

Better salaries for teachers would entice more
people into the profession and encourage more of them
to stay in the profession. Teachers could afford to be
better prepared for their complex and complicated job.
The need is not for finer people in the teaching pro-
fession, but for more of them. I remember with real
appreciation and fondness the fine teachers to whom
I went to school, and every day I work beside teachers
whose ability and talent I admire very deeply. I know
we have been excellent teachers. Actually only the
real teachers (they are born, not made) are the ones
who continue to cling to the profession for love, not
money. Any teacher worth her salt can double her
teaching salary in any business other than teaching. A
disgraceful situation. The pediatrician demands a neat
sum for guiding the development and growth of
strong, healthy bones and muscles, but the mere teacher
begs a living wage for guiding only the development
and growth of alert, healthy minds and personalities.

State requirements for securing teaching licenses
should be stricter. A liberal arts education is certainly
prerequisite, followed by a thorough normal training.

[9]

Yet how many states license normal graduates who
have only high school diplomas! And just as unwise,
college graduates with only a whiff of normal train-
ing! Good teaching is a talent. But talent alone does
not make the best teacher.

4. Stronger curriculum

The work required in each elementary grade should
be harder, earlier. Each grade level is a real part of
building the education. No one grade is more, or less,
important to the child than any other grade. A
standard curriculum guide for each grade means a
definite goal and an uncluttered way by which to
reach it. The tremendous task of the elementary school
is to teach the everlasting fundamentals. High schools
and colleges continue to mutter behind their teeth
because so much of their time must go to drilling
fundamentals. Countless high school graduates endure
a miserable freshman year at college, digging at such
as sentence structure, parts of speech, and paragraph
thoughts. For those who don't go to college at least
the ability to read intelligently would be an asset.
Most of our children can't understand what they read,
can't follow directions, can't spell a two-syllable word.
Their vocabularies are frail. They never heard of an
idiom, and their math is atrocious. And so we send
them to high school. (They do know about jet pro-
pulsion, Dick Tracy, and bubble gum.) *

Again the educational system has itself to blame.
Not long ago we got off on a fancy misinterpretation
of "progressive education." Now, praises be, we
realize that "progressive" education is a fine way to
irritate any normal child into all sorts of stinging
retaliations such as this early morning query from a
small one, "Aw, do we have to do what we want to

again today?" Children resent insecurity in their work.
They will invariably do that which is expected of
them. When nothing is expected they lose not only
interest in, but respect for anything connected with
school. They want the challenge of work; they glory
in accomplishing new skills; and they respond thor-
oughly to the stimulus of a clear-cut work plan in the
hands of a talented teacher. A strong curriculum plan
on a high standard for each grade! Reinforce the
modern "wild knowledge" with accurate facts and
firmly embedded fundamentals.

Departmental work as early as the fourth grade
would be a fine step in this direction. Fewer interrup-
tions of classroom plans, less interference from the
extra-curricula (like P.T.A. Candy Pull ticket sales),
and the teacher could teach so that Johnnie might
learn. A wise step is the adoption of basic textbooks
for use in the standard curriculum. The system of
automatic promotions should be abolished, and we
should ask forgiveness that it was ever recommended.

Why should a child be promoted just because he
has reached a given age, or because his parents dictate
that he should be promoted? Definite accomplishments
belong to each grade level. If a child fails to meet the
requirements of one grade, how can he possibly meet
those of the next grade? If he failed merely because
he is lazy, requiring him to repeat the grade is the
measure that may save him his job some day. If he
failed because he cannot do the work, then he was in
the wrong group in the beginning.

Which brings me to the need of more homogeneous
grouping of classes, the only sensible use for I.Q.
records. I have often wondered what diabolical im-
pulse prompts administrators of education to cram

[10]

into one classroom thirty-five to forty-five individ-
uals, deliberately picked, with I.Q.'s ranging from 60
(sometimes 50) to 120 (and once even 13 5), and
only one teacher. The size of the group would not be
the teaching problem if the I.Q. of the group as a
whole were low, or high, or high and average. The
question is constantly before the teacher: should she
teach on the low I.Q. level to try to bring those up
(which is impossible) and leave faster children to
dawdle with their work? should she stick by the
middle group and combat the misbehavior of the
bordering groups? (the fast ones finish quickly and
the slow ones never get started at all) or should she
teach on the level of the fast children and leave the
iverage group confused and the low group completely
it a loss? The answer lies in grouping more homogene-
nisly. Slow children, and those with ver.y low I.Q's,
:an't be expected to meet high educational standards,
iny more than they can be expected to be dentists or
awyers when they reach adult life. To leave them to
lounder about in a grade beyond their abilities, only
o be "placed" in the next grade, means only to hood-
vink them into misconceptions of themselves, and to
hwart any potentialities they may have had to accom-
plish what is within their reach. These children need
pecial classes.

But the average and fast ones need that standard
:urriculum, briskly presented and thoroughly taught,
rhen the teacher would be free to teach the highest
Q. in her group, thereby placing the grade standards
ligh where they belong. The fast children would
* stimulated to accomplish their most; the average
:hildren likewise. Though average, the latter would
lave to work with more determination and with more
horoughness, both favorable to better adult living
tter jobs, better homes, better citizenship.

The children who should be our teaching stand-
rds, the children with high I.Q.'s, have suffered
nough neglect.

The fact is, we have not only neglected the
undamentals, but far worse, we have forgotten the
loral purpose behind those fundamentals. True
Jucation includes emphasis on the difference between
ghts and wrongs, good and bad, understanding and
rejudice, and so on. Modern education has almost
ampletely forgotten to educate the heart so that it
light know to choose. People are tremendously
sncerned with what they have and what they do.
ut too few have learned to care what they are. That

used to be taught at home. Quite casually it has
become the task of the schools, and especially of the
elementary school. The very roots of world peace lie
in the early education of every child. As our educa-
tion is, so is our peace.

[11]

TWO PERSONAL OBSESSIONS

By Louisa Duls '26

Twenty years of teaching have brought me no
systematized philosophy of education; I have seen the
pendulum swing back and forth too many times for
that: large classes versus small ones; getting the gist of
foreign literature versus sentence-by-sentence transla-
tion; objective tests versus the essay type; student
choice of courses versus faculty prescription; the liberal
arts versus vocational training; and so on, ad infinitum.
Each of these theories contains a modicum of truth;
but none, I think, is the complete answer to any phase
of the educational problem.

Though without an organized philosophy of educa-
tion, I have, of course, fallen upon certain isolated
principles in teaching that seem to me of peculiar im-
portance. Two of these "obsessions," shall I call
them? I should like to pass on to you, one concerned
with method of teaching and the other with both
curriculum and method.

"Why," said one of my colleagues to me the other
day, "are you spending so much time in preparing a
lecture for a class in sophomore literature? If your
students are anything like mine, you needn't push
yourself."

That remark set me thinking. It was certainly true
that my students were not overburdened with knowl-
edge; and, their literary background being as limited
as it was, perhaps the material I was preparing was a
little beyond their grasp. After all, why ?

Then, under pressure, the idea crystallized in my
mind: I was preparing to teach not exactly the class
that would assemble before me at eight forty-five the
next morning Misses Gaddy, Gray, Hanckel, Heriot,
Huggins, and the others but the ideal class of stu-
dents that I knew they were potentially.

And this, it seems to me, is one of the cardinal
obligations of a teacher, to stretch the minds of her
students; that is, deliberately and consciously to use
words beyond their comprehension; to expect an "im-

possible" accumulation of facts to bolster their opin
ions; to acquaint them with the daring ideas of th
great thinkers, beyond their power to grasp fully; t<
flaunt in their faces (by implication only, of course^
their abysmal ignorance; and to challenge them witl
all learning as their province.

Will average young people meet such a challenge
or will they change classes in frustration? To be sure
young people like adults have a strong aversion t<
work, especially any work that involves thinking
But it is my belief that, stronger than dislike fo
thinking, in the average person, is scorn for sloth an<
half knowledge and oversimplified teaching of all kinds

In support of this belief, I offer the reactions o
students whom I have had the opportunity of observ
ing, to two very different types of public addresses
A high school faculty had persuaded the bishop of thi
diocese, a man noted for his brilliant mind and effec
tive delivery on the platform, to speak before it:
student body in assembly. But the great man mad(
the mistake of putting himself on the supposed leve
of his hearers and "talking down" to them. In simpli
language, he told stories involving the triumph o
physical stamina and moral courage, with a wel
pointed moral at the end of each. The students lis
tened with stoical politeness; but the words did no
catch fire, and the address was a failure.

Contrast with this situation one I observed not lonj
ago. A new academic dean was addressing the studen
body in assembly for the first time, and he used th(
flattering technique of assuming that the student:
were his intellectual equals. He spoke profoundly 01
the problem of evil, beginning with the tragic flaw oi
the Greek hero. The students could follow his idea:
only partially, but they could understand enough tc
perceive that here was something new and strange
sharply stimulating, and completely adult, in thi:
presentation of an old theme. A glance at their face:

[12]

showed ideas almost visibly burgeoning there. These
students were being genuinely educated.

It is a matter of experience that, in order to lead a
vital, satisfying intellectual life, one must have among
his friends those whom he considers his superiors in his
awn field. Most college students can find those who
give them such stimulation among their student
friends; but it seems to me the faculty has an obliga-
:ion, too. Such intellectual companionship, a teacher
ihould try to offer her students both inside the class
tnd out.

My second "obsession" in the realm of teaching has
;o do with the emotional life, for no matter how far
:he academic subjects may "stretch the mind" of a
tudent, he is, of course, in equal need of finding
hrough the curriculum opportunity for satisfactory
motional and artistic development. This need indi-
ces a course in one of the arts

Rushing through the night on the highway from
Charlotte to Richmond, the car came suddenly to a
ight-angle turn. The expert young driver at the
irheel, seeing that he could not make the turn, yet
aanaged to hold the automobile on the road, as it
pun, like a top, three times about, while the four tires
:raped the pavement screamingly. This episode
Junds like what may happen to a group of bank
obbers trying to make a get-away, but in reality it
oncerns a class of high school youngsters, members of
creative writing class, on the way to Washington
ecause they felt that fifty springs were little room to
x the cherry trees along the Potomac in full bloom.
Then, again, in the fall they may be seen, these
ime young people or others like them, climbing
irough thickets of laurel and rhododendron or wading
lkle-deep in galax leaves and gentians and the brown
aves of the chestnut-oak, as they follow a stream to
here it falls hugely over moss-covered rocks. Or
srhaps they will be adventuring down mountainous
:les of waste feldspar, sunk to the knees in the loose
)ck and starting little avalanches of stone behind
lem.

Or the weekend may find them wandering through
le maze of Magnolia Gardens, laughing, talking
consequentially, but absorbing the beauty of the
ace, too. Or perhaps "hand in hand on the edge of
ie sand" they are dancing down the moonlit strip that
Folly Beach, shouting "Tonight's the Night for the
ogs to Howl" or singing "Oh, I'm Off to See the
r izard, the Wonderful Wizard of Oz."

Or the scene may be a living room, perhaps that of
the instructor, but any living room, just so a fire is
blazing on the hearth and young people are lolling in
the chairs or sitting on the rug. They will be reading
poetry of their own composition or sketching ambitious
plots for a psychological novel and a dozen impossible
stories or listening to a clear voice read a play. (I
remember very well one afternoon long ago, in my own
college days, when Polly Stone, sitting on a bearskin
rug in front of the fire in Miss Nan Bagby Stephens'
living room, read to the Class in Playwriting A Kiss
for Cinderella I have ever since loved that play, not
for its intrinsic merit only)

I have drawn these illustrations from classes in
creative writing, rather than from those in music or
art or dancing or dramatics, simply because my work
has been more closely connected with such a course;
but all the arts courses would offer similar experiences.
Without taking the extreme position of Black Moun-
tain College, that the arts should be the core of the
curriculum, I firmly believe that every student both
in high school and in college should choose at least one
course from this group, for in a course where he is
freed from the shackles of classroom constraint and
given an opportunity for intimate discussion, with a
congenial group, of what seem to him vital problems,
the student will have a chance to develop his individ-
uality and to test the strength and validity of his
artistic leanings. His classmates will listen respectfully
to his ideas and opinions and grow familiar with his
moods and prejudices. With them he will experience
that pleasurable sense of oneness which comes only
from harmonious sharing of interests. The enthusiasm
of his friends will give him added confidence in the
importance of his own artistic pursuits.

If, however, the artistic side of the nature is
neglected, it may grow benumbed, as it often does when
the body is ill or exhausted or the mind is strained with
prolonged anxiety; then the eye sees and the mind
comprehends a "fall of crimson roses," the sweep of a
green slope, the luminous sky of evening; but the whole
being is not flooded with a sense of beauty, as it should
be, for the spirit seems dead and the emotional powers
have atrophied.

No well-integrated personality can develop from
a divorce between the intellectual and the emotional.
By insisting upon a fusion of the two, an educational
institution can point the way to the greatest happiness
of its students.

[131

THE ALUMNAE APPRAISAL

(Continued from Page 4)

Of specific courses and subjects named as having
been most valuable, English, psychology, Bible and the
social sciences lead, with every subject in the Catalogue
receiving some support.

A curious fact emerging from the questionnaire
survey is that apparently no alumna wishes Agnes Scott
to dispense with any of the present academic program.
There is little indication that any alumna would even
part with any course she took while a student herself.
Therefore, all suggestions may presumably be taken as
being meant for additions, rather than replacements, in
the curriculum. The reverse is true in regard to social
regulations: alumnae suggest no additions and a great
many subtractions. The reconciling factor seems to
be that of opportunity for the individual student in
both her choice of academic fare and her social
activities.

Here are summaries of the five reports, with quota-
tions from each group of questionnaires covered:

1889-1909

One hundred and forty questionnaires have been re-
turned by the 1100 alumnae of the Institute, Academy
and College (1907-1909). Of this number 64 give
some answer to the question with which this committee
is concerned, namely: "In the light of your experience,
what things from your Agnes Scott training seem to be
most valuable to you, and what, in your opinion, should
be added to the academic or social life of the students
today?"

While it is disappointing that these alumnae have
not been more articulate, it is understandable from the
fact that Agnes Scott, while offering the same general
type of education, was, in the days of the Institute and
the Academy, a different class of institution from what
it has become as an accredited college, and this to-
gether with the number of years that have elapsed since
student days, has made this older group somewhat
hesitant in expressing themselves, particularly in rela-
tion to the curriculum. As one states it: "I am afraid
it has been too long for me to make even a suggestion."
The answers, however, that have been given are both
interesting and illuminating.

These answers fall naturally into two divisions

those assessing the value of the training received and
those suggesting additions to or special emphasis upon
the offerings presented to students today. Sixty-one
replies fall under the first division and fourteen under
the second. This summary follows the order indicated
by the majority of votes or comments on the subjects
mentioned.

The largest number of alumnae agreeing on any
single answer speak of the "religious influence" or
"atmosphere" of the college whether expressed through
"Bible courses", the inculcation of "ideals", "a sense
of values", of "standards of conduct." All of these
have proved of the greatest value. Next in importance
is the influence of the teachers, many of whom are
called by name and credited with having a profound
influence. This points up, of course, the special need
for teachers of high quality and ability, of the type
that can maintain "an habitual habit of greatness."

Considerable emphasis is placed on "social contacts",
the "friendships formed", a knowledge of "social
usages", "development of poise" and of "self-confi-
dence" as being the most important benefits received.
A few feel that they had "learned how to study", "to
concentrate". "Intellectual honesty", "integrity", and
"pride in work well done", as well as "inspiration for
further study" are things that others have found help-
ful. Among the individual subjects listed as being
most helpful, appreciation of the arts heads the list
with special emphasis on music; English ranks next;
of history, mathematics, and astronomy each has its
supporters.

of history, mathematics, and astronomy each has its
they consider would be valuable additions to the aca-
demic and social life of students today, the majority
are agreed that more attention should be given to
training in "social usages" (dancing on the campus is
specified) and "in the art of living". More emphasis
is urged on "the study of the arts", "training in world
affairs", in "responsibility to community and country",
in "vocational guidance", in "executive leadership"
and "a broadening of interests in science". It is sug-
gested by one or two that additional courses be offered
in home economics, dietetics, child training, commerce,
and "the womanly arts".

In all 14 replies no criticism is registered of the
type of education that Agnes Scott has offered. In
other words, the liberal arts ideal meets with the gen-
eral approval of this group, even to the extent of one
person's saying: "Everything I got at Agnes Scott
was useful to me."

[14]

Quotations

"The social and academic training at Agnes Scott
in the nineties was so outstanding that it has been my
chief support through life. I trust this influence on
students has not decreased through the years."

"The students in my day were in close touch with
the faculty. I may forget what I learned from books
but they have lingered with me throughout these 53
years."

"I learned how to apply myself: how to study."

"The ideals of honesty, integrity, and industry,
with a high regard for religion, are things of perma-
nent value which I associate with my days at Agnes
Scott."

"The older I grow the more grateful I am for the
standards laid down during the early years of Agnes
Scott. I know many who feel as I do, that these years
have influenced our lives and gave us the right founda-
tion."

"The knowledge that an Agnes Scott girl must serve
and the confidence gained that I am able to do so."

"Everything I got at Agnes Scott has been useful
to me."

"Standards of thoroughness and intellectual honesty

Interest in mathematics and astronomy

Stimulus to further study

Inspiration, education and joy of friendship."

"The Christian atmosphere influenced my life more
than anything."

"My most valuable training was in history and
English."

"I hope that students are allowed to have dancing
on the campus."

"Home economics should be added to the courses
now available."

"A vocational guidance department could be used
to great advantage."

"Students should be taught how to live if such a
thing is possible."

"Bachelor of Science in Commerce."

1910-1919

Intellectual integrity and self -discipline are named
as their most important gain by most of the 80 who
answered the appraisal question in this group. Two

mentioned these specifically as the best training they
received for business and for homemaking.

Fifty of the 80 write approving comments on the
College and 44 a high percentage, comparatively
send definite constructive suggestions. The two great-
est needs felt by the group are for a department of the
home in addition to liberal arts training and for instruc-
tion in political responsibility in community and world
affairs.

It is interesting that only two of this group use the
term "liberal arts college", which appears so often in
replies from later classes. Twelve who do not use the
term report nevertheless that the broad vision of life
gained by the pursuit of cultural subjects and the
atmosphere of high thinking and gracious living were
their greatest acquisitions at Agnes Scott. Many ap-
prove the small classes and the individual attention
given by faculty members as being most helpful to
development of their mental powers.

Most approving answers on the curriculum are
general rather than specific, only a scattered few men-
tioning particular subjects.

The most highly approved features of community
life on the campus are the association with faculty
members and the associa-
tion with selected stu-
dents. Also noted are
extracurricular activities,
with their development of
initiative and leadership,
and the treatment of stu-
dents as adults. High
among features of Agnes
Scott appreciatively re-
membered are participa-
tion in the Christian life

of the campus and the religious influence of chapel
services and the Y.W.C.A.

Following homemaking and political instruction in
number of adherents are: more teaching and use of
modern languages, more courses in appreciation of the
fine arts, and the development of a speech major.

Under the social heading are many pleas for more
dancing and more opportunities to meet men. Isolated
suggestions urge the teaching of manners to teen-agers
in college and the importation of national sororities.

The relation of college life to that outside the
campus, with more participation by students in world
affairs, is fairly prominent among suggestions by this

group. In the face of this opinion was one vigorous
protest against Agnes Scott girls' taking part in public,
political gestures like the burning of the effigy of
Talmadge.

Quotations

"I think the religious atmosphere was most valuable,
and the friendly manner of everyone. More knowledge
of home management would help, and a knowledge of
government such as city and state and laws pertaining
to women."

"The value of Agnes Scott training to me was the
general result of education in giving one self-reliance
and a sense of values and training in planning and
using time. For today and specialization in all kinds
of work, it seems to me there could be more specializa-
tion along that line."

"I feel that my . . . years under so many fine
women helped me execute official positions in an
easier way."

"Standard of character, the Christian ideal of
living, love of honest work, appreciation of beauty."

"A girl who has learned to do thorough work will
always succeed whether in a business, profession, or
homemaking."

"Confidence in value of woman."

"My most valuable experience at A.S.C. was a
personal lecture from Miss Cady on the subject of
faults and what to do about them. I use her advice
every day and am very grateful for it. What about a
psychologist to do this type of thing?"

"Friendships among faculty and students have
meant more to me than any particular course. I would
like very much to see a strong department of home
economics. . . . Also I would like to see dancing on
the campus with proper chaponerage every weekend. I
would like to see the campus the center of the social
life of the student."

"Agnes Scott's democratic spirit. I hope it is still
there."

"The religious life at A.S.C. most valuable."

"I think our schools need to have a definite program
to train for leadership. Not all girls go into profes-
sions, but the housewife can be a decided asset to her
town or community if she can speak in public or man-
age civic programs."

"The love of good music and good literature which
I absorbed at A.S.C. have helped me to make the lives
of my children richer."

"Development of personality, decision on career
or some work if interested in working for short time;
directing one's aptitude; teaching of speech, poise,
charm, sex, marriage, homemaking to all students;
guidance by faculty adviser who understands guidance
as part of her or his job; teaching of religion, preferably
Christian, as part of practical living."

"Agnes Scott taught us intellectual and emotional
integrity. Subterfuge is to be avoided. Note present
rules regarding smoking, chaperones."

"Ability to study, desire to get to source of move-
ments, information and so forth, desire for authorita-
tive information on current issues."

"Believe in continuation of classic education with
good balance of social sciences."

"Take out so much extra-curriculum stuff, con-
centrate on academic work."

"In my opinion, 'Agnes Scott can do no wrong.' "

"The cultural atmosphere . . . high ideals for the
girls. (I hope that smoking will not be approved.)"

"More of the social sciences and politics . . . art
courses . . . much more social life, dancing, smoking
rooms. . . ."

"The most valuable thing I received at A.S.C. must
have been its religious atmosphere, which my children
do not find at state schools. The girls here for some
reason think A.S.C. too hard and not enough social life.
Why they feel that way I do not know, for I feel that
everything I got there was wholesome."

"More courses required of every student, stressing
appreciation of fine arts."

"Only in a girls college does a girl come to realize
how many worthwhile characteristics girls have."

"Agnes Scott helped me most in giving me a sense
of values which were not material."

1920-1929

More alumnae of this decade agree on the excellence
of Agnes Scott's general education than on any other

[16]

point, either of approval or suggestion. Second in
lumber of votes comes the demand for some form of
.raining for home and family management, and run-
ling it a close third is the tribute to mental discipline,
rhe Class of 1927 wrote more answers, both favorable
ind adverse, to the appraisal question than did any
ither, with 1929 next.

Thoroughness of courses and values derived from
ssociations with the faculty rank high with the
lumnae of this decade. Requests for less restriction
m social life and for more indoctrination in political
esponsibility hold a major place among their sugges-
ions.

The committee member in charge of this section
as arranged direct quotations in outline form:

tPPROVAL

'ultural

"May Agnes Scott always be a liberal arts college
laintaining high standards." "Keep four years of
eneral background; assume one more year of voca-
onal training." "All round interests stimulated in
allege have proved a splendid background for any
jecialized interests later." "That something which
Agnes Scott." "Cultural atmosphere: lectures, con-
arts, etc." "General training, sound cultural back-
round, varied interests." (Such phrases appear many
mes in each year.)

"Ability to study" praised in every year but two,
Ability to find needed information," "Use of re-
urces," "Ability to organize material," "Ability to
:press thought," "Ability to plan and execute,"
-ogical, unbiased mind," "Power of independent
lought," "Spirit of honest inquiry," "Intellectual
mesty," '^Intellectual curiosity," "Enjoyment of in-
llectual pursuits." "Sense of values," praised in every
ar but two.

"Thoroughness of courses," "Soundness and integ-
:y of teachers." (Some form of these two comments
equent in every year.) Thirty-seven separate courses
e praised.
fetal

"Small, cohesive student body," "Fine community
irit," "Learning to live with others" (every year) ,
; riendships," "Associations," (Some form of these
'o comments in every year) , "Social and community
e," "Rich student life," "Honor system," "Improved
itus of day students now," "Approve of return to
rmal meals," Approve of dancing: "Great addition,"

"Social life now fine," "Social life wonderfully im-
proved." Student activities are frequently praised:
French Club, Blackfriars, debating, and May Day were
specifically mentioned.

"Training for leadership," "Poise," "Tolerance" (al-
most every year), "Humility," "Maturity," "Positive
attitude," "Co-operation," "Sense of accomplishment,"
"Having jobs offered without solicitation because of
A.S.C. degree gives feeling of security," "Ability to
learn from others," "Ability to adjust," "Self-confi-
dence."

"Democratic ideal," "Loyalty to government,"
"Concern for others," "Ideal of service," "Human
needs and problems," "Desire to take creative part in
life around me," "Fine attitude toward race."
Moral and Religious

"Well-rounded Christian life," "Religious influ-
ences," "Spiritual atmosphere" (one or the other of
these two in every year) . "Religious training," "Exam-
ples of Christianity," "Development of spiritual re-
sources," "Habits of honesty and religious observance,"
"Character training," "Fine character and inspiration
of teachers, "Y.W.C.A."

[17]

SUGGESTIONS
Cultural

"A broad and extensive general education, litera-
ture, art, sciences, music, are the keys to the door of
interest. Open that door, and life is fascinating."
"Give more audience education in things musical."
"Allow alumnae to attend courses in current events,
music appreciation, etc."

"I feel strongly that a good faculty and adminis-
tration should determine the course of an institution,
not alumnae." "Make required courses fascinating."
"Students planning to take up scientific careers should
be encouraged to include as many as possible of the
cultural courses, such as music appreciation and the
social sciences." "Courses to help students understand
people unlike themselves (whether economically, re-
ligiously, or racially) , to learn how to participate in
community life in a meaningful way."

Specific courses suggested fall roughly into De-
partment of the Home, Vocational Training, Fine Arts,
Political Science, and Philosophy.

Social

"More guidance in student problems," "More
vocational guidance," guidance for alumnae, help new
boarding students to adjust: "ASC has reputation of
being formidable," "More respect for other colleges,"
"Some group giving time to girls who fail to get into
activities," "Help for timid girl pushed aside by the
pushers or those with more money." Too full sched-
ules: "life very tense with little chance for relaxation
or sufficient sleep." "More emphasis on social graces,"
"More contact with other college students of Atlanta,"
"More social life with opposite sex," "Make social
life more normal by allowing dancing" (variations
of this in every year), "The greatest need in the social
field is permission to dance and smoke at college." "I
don't smoke and never shall, but your rule against it is
undermining your honor system." "A more liberal
attitude toward students' smoking is about due. This
is no longer a moral issue if it ever was." "More op-
portunities for day students."

"More knowledge and experience that will make
Agnes Scott graduates able to participate helpfully in
local, state and national government," "More emphasis
on responsibilities of citizenship," "especially on better-
ing life in the South," "More links between campus

and outside world," "Continue to be forward looking
in race relations," "Realize fallacy of race prejudice,
"More emphasis on skill in human relations," "Train
students to meet the challenge of a changing world."

Religious

The comments in this field are almost wholly
approving. There are two suggestions: "Set aside
time in the schedule for private devotions." "Train
ability to assume proper place in the church."

1930-1939

One hundred alumnae in this group call for some
kind of instruction
home management, with
suggested courses includ-
ing cooking, nutrition,
sewing, dress designing,
buying, budgeting, in-
terior decoration, chile
care, applied psychology,
and marriage relations.

Seventy-two voice ap-
proval of Agnes Scott's
liberal arts training, and
3 indicate values received which could be classified
under powers of the mind. Thirty-two look back
appreciatively upon campus community life, most of
them remarking on contacts with the faculty. Ther
are 37 approvals of the College's work in developing the
individual.

Improvement of the social aspects of campus
life is of concern to 50, most of whom specify oppor-
tunities for more contacts with young men. Fifteen
ask for more vocational guidance.

Psychology leads other subjects in the "most val-
uable" category unless the comments on English and
literature are combined. Bible and the social sciences
occupy third place.

Fifteen alumnae name the moral and religious at-
mosphere of the College as valuable, while seven suggest
broader religious education.

Three express strong approval of the curriculum
as it is and disapproval of making Agnes Scott a "train-
ing school for jobs" or a college competing with
"glamor schools". Twenty-eight, however, favor
business courses.

[18]

Ten name a department of philosophy as a needed
addition to the curriculum, and the same number
advise more emphasis on the social sciences.

Almost without exception the alumnae voiced ap-
proval of the general atmosphere of Agnes Scott. That
is, they were very evidently satisfied with most of the
academic training; they were grateful that integrity, a
desire for knowledge and a pride in their work had been
instilled into them during their days at Agnes Scott. A
great many commented on the poise they had acquired,
the ease with which they made adjustments all due
primarily to their training in college. There was very
definitely a note of pride in Agnes Scott in most of
the answers.

As for suggestions, the girls were almost unanimous
in their feeling that some sort of course to prepare
girls for homemaking and marriage should be added
to the curriculum Even the "career girls" seemed to
feel that not having had this had left a gap in their
education.

And there were only a very few who did not
express a need for less restriction on the social life on
the campus. Most of them suggested that the students
needed more opportunities to meet young men.

Quotations

"Integrity and pride in doing a job well regardless
of its value."

"Standard of scholarship and personal integrity."

"Stimulating teachers who know something beyond
their own field and can relate their subject to life."

"Discipline of concentration to aid in many varied
activities, such as involved even in housekeeping and
child rearing."

"It is hard to say exactly which things have been
most valuable all of them blended together have
made life richer and better and have been of value to
me."

"The one great thing Agnes Scott gave me was my
acquaintance with literature. . . . This can be not only
a source of relaxation but a social accomplishment."

"The chief impression of my entire college career
was of the high caliber person on the faculty and staff
and the superior student body."

"More emphasis on how to interpret facts and how
to think."

"Stress to students the necessity of trained minds
giving back to the community their services."

"Can you encourage the present sophisticated stu-
dent body to enjoy the simple pleasures that we can
always enjoy, rich or poor by hiking, weiner roasts
and camping as we once did?"

1940-1949

Alumnae of the classes 1940-1949 remain strong in
the conviction that the liberal arts provide the best
kind of education. Not one of them, in answering the
questionnaire, suggests that the emphasis of the Agnes
Scott curriculum be shifted. It is noteworthy also
that, although Agnes Scott is regarded as "hard" by
her students and by outsiders, not a single alumna of
the '40's expresses the wish that the work be made
easier; a few propose that standards of performance be
raised. ("As far as academic training is concerned, I
think a bit more firmness is called for. Down with
the elective system in the first two years.")

However, a larger number of them vote for
vocational training, especially for instruction in home-
making and in basic busi-
ness techniques, than for
any other addition to the
academic offering. Some
feel that these courses
should not be given for
credit, but a larger pro-
portion are in favor of
granting them full stand-
ing except as majors or
required subjects.

The same desire for
more "practical" college
training is reflected in general suggestions for improve-
ment of the curriculum. The application of courses,
the social sciences in particular, to present-day life, with
a better grounding in world affairs for all students, is
frequently insisted upon. ("Develop better relations
with community especially in working out employ-
ment practice possibilities for seniors. Also make effort
to find what community agencies need specific research
and encourage mature students to do their required
papers on some subjects that can be of service." "Most
needed: a course designed to keep the prospective
housewife aware of the world around her and inter-
ested enough to expend her energy on intelligent
projects. Too many courses meant to be forgotten

[19]

immediately." There is a similar ring even in the
advice that appreciation courses in the fine arts be
required: the feeling seems to be that it it is unrealistic
to grant the Bachelor of Arts degree to a person who
has not been taught to enjoy music and painting and
who therefore cannot me for her own pleasure the cul-
tural resources of modern civilization. "I feel that
courses in art and music appreciation cannot be stressed
too much. In double majoring chemistry and biology
I missed these and many other truly liberal arts courses
and I regret it.")

The establishment of a Department of Philosophy
("philosophy the foundation stone of a liberal arts
education") is most often and most emphatically urged
as an addition to the present liberal arts curriculum.
Second is the strengthening of the Bible Department,
with a more "mature, tolerant approach to religion",
as one alumna put it. ("One of the outstanding lacks
of Agnes Scott is a department of philosophy and an
enlarged department of religion. These would chal-
lenge students to deeper thought along religious lines,
which is essential in a college such as Agnes Scott.")
Increased integration of the entire college course, with
more guidance in electing courses and more emphasis
on interrelation, and a broadening of the honors pro-
gram to include more students, come next.

Tributes to the value of a liberal arts education lead
the field among comments on the excellence of Agnes
Scott training. Alumnae who have been solely home-
makers or solely wage-earners since graduation are
equally approving, and a larger number who have had
both types of experience join in the chorus. Mental
discipline the ability to read with comprehension, to
organize material, to do a job thoroughly, to budget
time, to weigh evidence without prejudice is most
frequently named as the primary good received from
study at the College, with the invitation to learning
and appreciation next. Among specific subjects held
most valuable, English is ahead by a wide margin.
Psychology, speech, music, history and Bible follow.

Suggestions for the improvement of the extra-
curricular side of Agnes Scott life center largely about
the social program. More opportunities for meeting
men, greater campus facilities for dating, a relaxation
of social restrictions, and particularly the holding of
dances on the campus are favored. There is a fair de-
mand for more "charm" instruction and more voca-
tional and personal guidance, and several alumnae advise

that the administration modify the attitude of the
departing student. (". . . that students not be allowed
to leave college thinking that a college degree is all
that's needed in the world of work or living, although
it is very necessary. . . . Stop emphasizing the 'hand-
picked few business'.")

The largest number of alumnae agreeing in any
single answer to the questionnaire say their associations
at Agnes Scott have proved the best contribution of
the College to them. ("Most valuable was the asso-
ciation with people, both faculty and students, to
whom real thinking was important.") Many others
name factors which might be grouped under the gen-
eral term "atmosphere": the ideals held up before
students; the democracy of the campus, with its
demand for a sense of responsibility to the community;
the religious emphasis; the feeling of being amid a
wealth of cultural opportunity. ("Most valuable . . .
conception of the harmony of all subjects, classics and
mathematics, with religion." "The academic atmos-
phere at Agnes Scott is certainly preferable to the
prevalent attitude at the University of get away with
as much as you can.") Campus organizations receive
considerable credit, as do openings for social life off
the campus. Five alumnae declared their years at
Agnes Scott to have been perfect. ("I feel that Agnes
Scott gave me a knowledge of how life should be lived
abundantly.")

A brief report cannot contain the many isolated
suggestions brought forth by the questionnaire. A
majority of them reflect the specialized vocational
needs of the contributors and presumably are not ap-
plicable in a college of Agnes Scott's size and purpose.
Every proposal made by four or more alumnae in the
1940-1949 decade has been included somehow in this
survey, as has every approving comment so supported.

No change has been suggested, in the answers
examined, at the sacrifice of anything already offered
at Agnes Scott: what the recent graduates and ex-
students apparently want is addition without loss,
variety with unity, broadening without decrease in
depth. ("I think domestic science should be added to
the curriculum. The cultural subjects I studied help
me the most in my domestic and social life.") Their
advice poses the problem of absorbing innovations into
the existing structure without making the load upon
the student too heavy.

[20]

NECROLOGY
Institute

Carrie Benson Veal died Oct. 11.

Marietta Hurt Rutledge died in Febru-
ary, 1940.

Mary Kirkpatrick died last Spring

Academy

Mary E. Quinn died about five years
ago.

1914

Mae Hartsock Webster died several
years ago.

1921

Martha Laing Dorsey died in September
after an illness of several months.

1922

L. L. Daugherty, husband of Hallie
Cranford Daugherty, and father of
Harriette Daugherty Howard '45 died
in August.

Eugene B. Brower, husband of Roberta
Love Brower, died recently in Oakland.
Calif., where he w 7 as vice-president of
:he Central Bank.

1924

Margaret Powell Gay's father died in
Dctober.

1931

Laelius Stallings Davis' mother died in
:he spring.

I935

Betty Fountain Edwards' father, Dr.
Claude R. Fountain, died November 28,
1947, in Washington, D. C, where he
lad been senior physicist with the Naval
Research Laboratory.

939

,,ucy Hill Doty Davis' mother died in
Dolumbia, September 29.

940

\tary McCulloch Templeton's father,
Dr. John Young Templeton, died in
Ely.

1941

Anne Martin's father died in September
after an illness of two months.

as^^^m^* 9 *

>

w*

SPRING. 1

/*

The Alumnae Association Of Acnes Scott College

Officers

Eliza King Paschall '3 8

President

Araminta Edwards Pate '2 5

First Vice-President

Kenneth Maner Powell '27

Second Vice-President

Charlotte E. Hunter '29

Third Vice-President

Jane Taylor "White '42

Betty Medlock '42

Secretary

Isabelle Leonard Spearman '29

Molly Jones Monroe '37

Nell Pattillo Kendall '3 5

Residence

Garden

Letitia Rockmore Lange '3 3

Special Events

Alice McDonald Richardson '29

Entertainment

Mary Wallace Kirk '11

Education

Trustees

Mary Green '3 5

Vocational Guidance

Margaret McDow MacDougall '24

Alumna Trustee

Frances Winship Walters Inst.

Alumna Trustee

Committee Chairmen

Jane Guthrie Rhodes '3S

Publications

Hattie Lee "West Candler Inst.

House Decorations

Staff

Eleanor N. Hutchens '40

Director of Alumnae Affairs

Emily Higgins '4 5

House and Office Manager

Margaret Milam '45

Office Assistant

3etty Hayes

Tearoom Manager

MEMBER AMERICAN ALUMNI COUNCIL

THE AGNES SCOTT ALUMNAE QUARTERLY is published four times a year (November, February, April and July) by the Alumnae
Association of Agnes Scott College at Decatur, Georgia. Contributors to the Alumnae Fund receive the magazine. Yearly subscription, $2.00.
Single copy, 50 cents. Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office of Decatur, Georgia, under Act of August 24, 1912.

THE

Agnes Scott

ALUMNAE QUARTERLY

Agnes Scott College, Decatur, Georgia Vol. 26, No. 3

SPRING, 1948

News of
Alumnae
and the Campus

Anonymous Offer Launches Campaign

3

News Of Alumnae: t

Agnes Scott Graduates at Duke

4

Ruth Slack Smith

Writer's Recollections

6

Marian Sims

Life Insurance Job and Hobby

8

Romola Davis Hardy

Free-Lancing in Communications

10

Mar got Gayle

Calendars Bring News

12

Pattern of Success in Academic Fields

13

Profession as a Volunteer

14

She Couldn't Let Her Class Prophet Down

16

You Pep Up Your Gait

18

Kathryn Maness Unsworth

College Placement Director

19

Rudcnc Taffar

Something of a Satisfaction

22

Ralph McGill Calls on Alumna in Germany

23

A Streetcar Called Advertising

26

Sudden Celebrity

27

Ann Cox Williams

Seed Analysis Highly Specialized Career

29

Visual Aids Used to Teach Scouting

30

Martha Jane Smith

Alumnae Press Issue

31

Page Ackerman

Campus News:

Lecture Series

32

Student Productions

33

Changes

34

Life, Sally Sue

35

Alumnae Relatives At Agnes Scott

36

The Faculty

38

Class News

41

Reunion Plans Inside

Back Cover

Eleanor N. Hutchens '40, Editor

[41

NOTES
ON

THIS

ISSUE

Opposite Page: President McCain and part of the
science faculty look over plans for the new science
hall, bids on the construction of which probably will
be taken by early summer. Seated with him are Dr.
Mary Stuart MacDougall, professor of biology, and
Dr. Elizabeth Crigler, associate professor of chemistry.
Standing behind them are Dr. W. Joe Frierson, pro-
fessor of chemistry; Dr. H. T. Cox, associate professor
of biology; and Dr. William A. Calder, professor of
physics and astronomy.

For this issue of the Quarterly, a few alumnae successfully engaged in
interesting work of various kinds were asked to write about themselves. Given their
choice, some sent the material in article form and others supplied the information from
which two members of the Publications Committee, Jane Guthrie Rhodes '3 8 and
Elaine Stubbs Mitchell '41, wrote brief biographies.

There are many more Agnes Scott alumnae whose careers would make good
reading; perhaps one issue of the Quarterly each year should carry accounts of this
sort. The diversity of their subject matter would prove again that a liberal arts
education is good preparation for any field.

The last point has been borne out recently in a campus conference sponsored by
the Vocational Guidance Committee of the Alumnae Association. For each of three
nights, four or five alumnae formed a panel to inform students about their fields of
work; and, one after another, all declared the liberal arts curriculum to have been the
best background for their widely differing careers. Miss Polly Weaver, jobs and futures
editor of Mademoiselle, who came at the invitation of the Committee and stayed on
the campus two days advising students on careers, agreed. The Career Conference was
one phase of the continuing vocational guidance program conducted on the campus by
the Office of the Dean of Students, the Psychology Department, and the Registrar's
Office. Isabella Wilson '34, assistant dean of students, is active in the program and
helped arrange the Conference.

In this news issue, an attempt has been made to present the year's events on the
campus for alumnae who wish to keep their information on the College up to date.
The double-page reproduction of newspaper clippings on Pages 24 and 25 was planned
with this aim in mind, as were the brief articles on special presentations and occurrences.
With the exception of this plate, all campus news photographs in this issue were made
by Dorothy Calder, who since coming to Agnes Scott with her husband, the new head
of the Physics and Astronomy Department, has wielded her camera at practically every
major campus function. The cover picture, taken by her, shows Frances Gilliland
Stukes '24 directing freshmen who are working in the Alumnae Garden to earn money
for their class. Near the center of the group, standing in front of the hedge and hold-
ing a garden implement, is Marjorie Stukes '51, her daughter.

[2]

Anonymous Offer Launches Campaign

Agnes Scott has been offered $500,000 on the condition that matching funds be raised by
December 31, 1949, and the College will undertake to secure $1,000,000 in gifts by that date,
President J. R. McCain announced to alumnae in a Founder's Day broadcast February 20. The
anonymous offer was disclosed also in letters to alumnae clubs and groups meeting for
the occasion.

Plans for the drive are not yet complete, but Dr.
McCain explained that it would be conducted largely
among alumnae and members of the campus com-
munity and would not be a public campaign like that
of 1939. The conditional gift, he said, has been
offered by a friend of the College "as an endorsement
of the work which Agnes Scott has been doing."

The first step in the matching program was taken
unwittingly by Bertha Brawner Ingram, Institute,
whose gift of $1,000 arrived the day the offer was
made.

The $500,000 gift and $500,000 of the money to
be raised will go to endowment, interest from which
will be devoted in large part to higher faculty salaries,
Dr. McCain said. The remaining half -million probably
will be added to the present $700,000 building fund.
Successful conclusion of the campaign will place Agnes
Scott's endowment almost on an equal footing with
those of Eastern colleges of comparable size.

As a primary step in the organization of the drive,

arrangements will be made for the Alumnae Association
to serve in it until the end of next year. Now in
process is the compilation of a new Alumnae Register,
with the addresses of all alumnae brought up to date
and with names arranged alphabetically, geographically,
and by classes. Early in March the Alumnae Office
mailed cards to all alumnae asking for names and ad-
dresses as they should appear in the Register, and a
strenuous effort will be made to trace alumnae who
have moved without notifying the office and thus
have been marked "lost" in the files.

Expressing confidence in the outcome of the cam-
paign, Dr. McCain pointed out that Agnes Scott had
successfully completed seven drives for money, includ-
ing two for $1,000,000 each to match $500,000 gifts
from the General Education Board.

Bearing out his assurance were reports received at
the Alumnae Office from clubs which either heard the
broadcast or read his letter and which sent word that
their members were ready to help in the drive.

[3]

Agnes Scott Graduates At Duke

By Ruth Slack Smith '12

Last summer when we were having a reunion of
the Class of 1912 here in Durham the visiting alumnae
were surprised to find that there were so many Agnes
Scott graduates connected with Duke. They wanted to
know who they were and what they did and thought
that other alumnae would be interested in hearing about
them too, so I promised to write an article for the
Quarterly, and here it is.

Although I have not made a scientific check, I be-
lieve that there are more alumnae from Agnes Scott on
the staff at Duke than from any other school except
Duke itself. In view of the comparatively small num-
ber of Agnest Scott graduates, this is unusual; but I
can assure you that it is not a case of nepotism, for no
one of us had anything to do with the coming of any
of the others.

The six of us here represent different classes from
1896 to 1938 and terms of service at Duke ranging
from twenty years to less than one year. Allene Ram-
age and I were the first to arrive, both coming in the
fall of 1927. I have no diary at hand to determine the
priority in days or hours, so will begin with Ramage
since it precedes Smith alphabetically.

Allene Ramage graduated from Agnes Scott in 1926.
The following year she received a degree in library
science from Emory University and shortly thereafter
joined the library staff at Duke. In 1939 she became
actively interested in microphotography and studied in
this field at Columbia University. Later she received a
grant from the Rockefeller Foundation to continue
studying microphotography in the larger laboratories in
the North, and last year received a grant from the Duke
Research Council for additional work. In collaboration
with Miss Mary Westcott, also of the Duke library
staff, Allene has written a book entitled A Check List
of United States Newspapers in the General Library
of Duke University, quite an undertaking since this
collection contains more than 13,000 volumes of news-
papers. She is now microfilm and newspaper librarian.

I feel embarrassed to give my own life history, but
here are a few brief facts. I graduated in the class of
1912. In 1916 I married Julia Pratt Smith's brother,
Hazen, who was a victim of the influenza epidemic in

early 1919. For five years thereafter I worked as stu-
dent secretary for the Presbyterian Church U. S., visit-
ing practically all the schools and colleges in the south-
eastern states. In 1923 my sister, "Crip" Slack '20, and
I went to China to visit our brother, who was an ex-
change professor at the Peking Union Medical College.
We continued our journey westward, coming home by
way of Europe. Later I traveled a bit more, going in
1936 to Russia and to the meeting of the International
Federation of University Women in Krakow, Poland,
and then in 1940 to Mexico with my two nieces, Ruth
Slack '40 and Gene Slack '41. In 1926 I decided to go
to Columbia University to study in the field of per-
sonnel work. After receiving my master's degree I came
to Duke as assistant dean in charge of social and re-
ligious activities. In the course of the years I have
done a little of almost everything: house counseling,
freshman work, Y.W.C.A. advising, vocational guid-
ance, teaching, chaperoning dances, etc. My responsi-
bilities now are mainly in the academic field, as my title,
dean of undergraduate instruction, would indicate.

The next Agnes Scott alumna to join the staff at
Duke was Mrs. Lillian Baker Griggs, who came in 1930
to be librarian of the Woman's College library, which
position she still continues to hold. Mrs. Griggs entered

Ruth Slack Smith '12 and Roberta Florence
Brinkley '14 confer in an administration office at
Duke.

ffl

Agnes Scott Institute with the class of 1896. In 1897
she was married, and after the death of her husband in
1908 she went to the Carnegie School (now Emory
University) to study library science. She first came to
Durham in 1911 as librarian in the Durham Public
Library. In 1919 she went to Europe with the Ameri-
can Library Association and established headquarters for
one year in Koblenz, Germany. Shortly after her return
from Europe she went to Raleigh as director of the
North Carolina Library Commission. Since she has been
at Duke she has become prominent in library circles
throughout the country, having served as president of
the North Carolina Library Association and the South-
eastern Library Association, and chairman of the Li-
brary Commission of the American Library Association.

Franceb Campbell Brown of the Class of 1928 is
now an associate professor of chemistry at Duke. Frances
made an excellent record at Agnes Scott, is a member
of Phi Beta Kappa, and was awarded the Quenelle
Harrold Fellowship for graduate study. This she used
at Johns Hopkins University, from which she received
the Ph.D. degree in chemistry in 1931, and came im-
mediately to join the faculty at Duke. In addition to
her teaching duties she is actively engaged in chemical
research. (As one who has tasted the results, I can
testify that her scientific experiments in the kitchen
are most successful.) She also takes time out to attend
meetings of the American Chemical Society and for
interesting trips such as going to England in the sum-
mer of 1939 and to Japan in 1940 to visit her sister
Laura Brown Logan '31.

Mary Primrose Noble Phelps (Mrs. James A.), class

of 193 8, is secretary and accompanist in the Depart-
ment of Physical Education in the Woman's College.
She has held this position since 1945. At Agnes Scott
she was a member of Mortar Board, Eta Sigma Phi,
Blackfriars, the Glee Club and the College Choir. After
graduating she taught French at Peace Junior College,
Raleigh, before beginning work on her master's degree.
For that degree she did settlement work in Kansas City,
studied at Scarritt College, Nashville, Tennessee, and
went on to Duke University, where she received her
master's degree in the philosophy of religion in 1943.
The same year she was married to James Phelps, who is
associated with Liggett and Myers Tobacco Company
in Durham.

The last Agnes Scott alumna to join the Duke staff
is Roberta Florence Brinkley of the class of 1914, who
came in 1947 to be dean of the Woman's College. Since
her life story can be found elsewhere in this issue of
the Quarterly, we will not repeat here.

In addition to these staff members, there are now
and have been in the past, some Agnes Scott alumnae
among the Duke faculty wives, and a number of
alumnae taking graduate work at Duke.

On the reverse side of the picture, there are, so far
as I know, three Duke graduates who have taught at
Agnes Scott; Coma Cole Willard who taught French
there some twenty years ago, Charlotte Hunter, B.A.
from Agnes Scott and M.A. from Duke, who is now
assistant dean of students at Agnes Scott, and Dr. Paul
L. Garber, Ph.D. from Duke, who is head of the
department of Bible. Dr. W. W. Rankin holds the
distinction of having taught mathematics at both Agnes
Scott and Duke.

I want a free mind and a clear perspective. I can have these only if I have had a well rounded
education, one that lets me see the value of all fields, one that lets me realize that all seekers of
knowledge strive toward one goal understanding and truth. I want to learn truths in
science, the reason in literature, the beauty in art and music. I do not want my judgment biased
because my understanding is limited to one field.

I want to appreciate things which are fine and see things which are sham for what they are.
I want to learn appreciation through understanding.

I do not want my power of reasoning warped because I have not thought for myself. I
want to see facts proved. I want to learn what others think and believe, but I want to form my
opinions for myself. I want to leave college as an individual with ideas and opinions which are
my own.

From a freshman English paper, "What I Want to Get
from Agnes Scott College," by Virginia Arnold '51

[J]

Writers Recollections

by Marian Sims '20

Whenever I am asked for biographical details I al-
ways feel embarrassed at the triteness of the record.
Dalton, Georgia, was and is a delightful town in
which to be born and grow up, but hardly exotic. And
instead of stating that I began to write stories at the
age of four, I have to admit lamely that I rode horse-
back, played baseball and later tennis, and performed in
tent shows with my brother and our Negro playmates,
to an audience of parents of both races. (In those days
my brother and I, like most Southern children, could
not have comprehended "the race problem".)

I do remember reading voraciously and indiscrimi-
nately (the saddle horse was produced as a counter-
measure "to get her nose out of a book") and as a
teen-ager I liked Man and Superman quite as well as
Eight Cousins; possibly a little better. I still remember
my mother's indignant comment pencilled on the fly-
leaf of the Shaw play, and my father's chuckling re-
buttal scrawled beneath it. At the time, I shared my
mother's indignation; now, I am not so sure.

Dalton High School was small and intimate in my
years there, with a nucleus of teachers who belonged
in education's Hall of Fame but had to be satisfied with
a niche in the memory of their students. I made good
grades, added basketball to my list of athletic enthus-
iasms, and "recited" at district high school meets until
the judges got tired of hearing me and gave me a medal
which disqualified me for further exhibitions. At the
next, and last, such meet of my high school days I fell
back on the essay contest, which seems to have been
the first time that literary ambition reared its lofty
head.

In the fall of 1916, along with Gertrude (Manly)
McFarland, I set out for Agnes Scott, as verdant a
freshman as ever matriculated. The first year remains
now as a kaleidoscope of adjustments and embarrassing
surprises: I had been A Valedictorian in Dalton; at

Agnes Scott I scrambled wildly and came up with Low
Merits. (Are they still thus designated, I wonder?) And
when I departed four years later I had not disturbed any
existing records for scholarship; I had, in fact, failed a
semester of Latin prose and a semester of English XI.
I had held the usual quota of college offices and been
elected to Mortar Board (Hoasc, in those days) but my
distinctions tennis champion, varsity basketball, and
so on had been the result of brawn rather than brains.
My major was history and my minor was English, but
I looked with awe at the students who contributed to
the literary magazines, and the courses I most enjoyed
were French and mathematics.

Extra-curricular memories? A great many, and al-
most incredible in 1948. Item: The time I waited anx-
iously while Miss Hopkins inspected my "masculine"
costume for a Yeats play; masculine from the waist up,
voluminous gym bloomers from the waist down. That
both the cast and the audience managed to keep straight
faces and lend themselves to the illusion is proof of the
adaptability of youth.

Item: The time a classmate, taking my innocuous
and banal print of "September Morn" to be repaired,
left it on a bench where it was found by Miss Hopkins,
who burned it forthwith, never knowing I hope that
my father had given it to me. A great lady and a great
woman, Miss Hopkins, but this was 1919 and I always
had a hard time remembering it.

Item: The time I was blacklisted by the students in
general because I was reported to have Kissed A Man in
one of those monastic classrooms in Main. I was more
indignant at the slur upon my intelligence than upon
my morals, since I was a junior at the time and privi-
leged, had I been amorously inclined, to use a private
date parlor. But since I was double-dating with a fresh-
man I had elected to stay in the goldfish bowl in Main.
Later I came to be grateful for the calumny, since it

[6]

kept me off the student government council in my
senior year and freed me from the duty of safeguarding
the morals of others.

Item: The time, in my senior year, when I found
a small and battered gold pin on one of the walks, took
it to Lost and Found and discovered that the office
was closed. When I went back to my room I dropped
it in a pin tray and told Lois Maclntyre Beall, my room-
mate, to remind me to turn it in. I forgot and Lois
forgot, and at lunch a few days later the students in
Rebekah were asked not to return to their rooms. We
knew what it meant that a Gestapo-like "search" was
in progress (I hope the practice went into the discard
long ago) so I went to the library and only came
back in time for supper. Probably you've guessed it:
they were searching for the gold pin, which the owner
insisted had been stolen.

There was a lot that I didn't like about Agnes Scott
in those days, and a lot that I loved very much. In
1916-1920 the Victorian influence still lingered, but
as I realized even then Agnes Scott was far ahead of
most Southern colleges in its freedom and liberalism.
And today, the years and mores of which I write seem
as remote as the stars.

Instead of hunting my first job, the job hunted me
during my senior year: an offer to teach history and
French in the Dalton High School after graduation. I
accepted and taught for four years, then a second and
more lucrative job hunted me out. By a complete non

Lately the author has enjoyed gardening, bridge,
and her friends.

sequitur I became chief copy writer for a direct-mail
advertising firm and remained there until I married
Frank Sims, Jr., in 1927.

In 1929 we moved from Dalton to Greensboro,
North Carolina, where we lived for a year and where I
first began writing what I hoped was fiction. The
following year we moved to Charlotte, which is still
home and probably will continue to be. I kept on writ-
ing, with more stubbornness than hope, and the first
four years netted me nothing but practice and experi-
ence.

The first story sold in 1934, to Collier's, and after
that the way grew easier. The stories sold about as fast
as I could write them; once the ice was broken, several
of the earlier ones were also published both in this
country and in England. One of them a tragi-comic
Negro story in The Saturday Evening Post was in-
cluded in an anthology for that year.

But by that time I had discovered that my kind of
short story was largely a mechanical trick and that the
novel would permit more depth and latitude. I there-
fore lost interest in magazine writing and published
several novels; each, I am told, somewhat better than
its predecessor. Morni?ig Star, which both my publishers
and I try to forget, was about a Southern girl who went
to a college strikingly like Agnes Scott; The World
With a Fence was about a Southern girl who taught
school and wrote advertising, but was only faintly au-
tobiographical in spite of that.

Call It Freedom, a novel of divorce -and entirely
fictional, had an encouraging reception from both
critics and readers, besides being published in Norway
and Sweden. By that time I had learned a good deal
about the novel technique and had overcome certain
"slick" tendencies, but beyond that I had no cause for
self -congratulation.

Memo To Timothy Sheldon (1938) came next; an
experimental novelette which, to my surprise, was pub-
lished in Denmark in 1942 and for which I received
the Danish contract and royalties by way of Sweden in
1947. Memo was followed by The City on the Hill, a
story of politics in a Southern city, and in 1942 I fin-
ished Beyond Surrender, which dealt with Reconstruc-
tion in piedmont South Carolina and represented nearly
three years of hard work.

When my husband received a Navy commission
and I set out to follow him, I went back to magazine
fiction because it could be written more or less on the
run. In these years, besides the short stories, I have

[7]

written three "complete" magazine novels, a two-part
serial, and one full-length book, Storm Before Daybreak,
which was published in 1946.

The. last novel has proved the most surprising of all
my efforts. It was begun on a card table in Olathe,
Kansas, in 1945, and finished in Charlotte the following
spring. It is the leanest and most unpretentious book I
have written and a few critics, perhaps justifiably, saw
it as a piece of fluff. But it was first serialized in
Collier's and then published as a novel; serialized in
England and later published there; and recently I have
signed a contract for French publication.

For the past year ill health has dogged me and
sapped my ambition. I have enjoyed my garden and my
friends, played an occasional game of bridge, read and
reviewed books. I find contemporary literature in a
sorry state, with pamphleteering regarded reverently by

the long-haired pigmies of criticism, with pseudo-his-
torical claptrap making fortunes for its purveyors, with
the public reading pretentious trash because everybody
is reading it. But I have said so, perhaps too often, in
the book pages of The Atlanta Journal.

As for writing more books myself, I hope to begin
again soon and perhaps reduce contemporary literature
to an even sorrier state. The first pages of a social
comedy are on my desk, but a struggle with split in-
finitives seems trivial in a world which has split the
atom. Such times as these are paralyzing to writers
and I marvel at the millions of irrelevant words that
are daily being transferred to paper. But even bad books
are better than none, especially when an occasional piece
of fine work, such as The Gallery, brightens the picture
and challenges the rest of us to greater effort and un-
derstanding. ,

Life Insurance
Job and Hobby

As a member of the "Quarter Million Dollar Round Table for
Women," the highest honor club for women in the life insurance busi-
ness, Romola Davis Hardy '20 easily takes a place on the list of out-
standing alumnae, especially in the field of business, hi the following
article, she sketches her life and work, showing the steps that led to her
becoming the leading woman producer for the Massachusetts Mutual Life
Insurance Company for many of the last ten years.

by Romola Davis Hardy '20

I was born in Senoia, Georgia, and graduated there
from the town's one and only school. Mother still lives
in Senoia in the same house.

I entered Agnes Scott in 1917, majored in Latin,
and minored in history. I took all the Latin offered by
the college. My best remembered courses are Latin un-
der Miss Lillian Smith,- German under Miss Trebein (the
toughest course) , psychology under Mr. Stukes, and
voice and glee club work under Mr. Johnson. Among
my friends were Louise Brown Hastings, Rebecca Wha-
ley Roundtree, Clauzelle Whaley, Mariwill Hanes Hul-
sey, Beth Flake Cole, Clotile Spence Barksdale, Clara
Cole, Eugenia Peed, Julia Tomlinson, Frances Oliver,
Emily and Caroline Hutter, Margaret Winslett, and
others.

The following year I returned to Agnes Scott as a
fellow in Latin, and took additional psychology and

voice. I took no more degrees.

My first job I secured through the college as Latin
teacher in Florence, Alabama. After two years there, I
went to Clearwater, Florida, to take charge of the
Latin department there. Before the term was over I
was in the real estate business.

I had no training in sales work, but needed none,
since everybody in the United States was buying Florida
real estate. Mr. Frank J. Booth, the mayor, let me sell
real estate in his office after school and on Saturdays.
My first sale was made to Mr. Fred J. Lee, president of
the Chamber of Commerce, and my commission was
$597.00. How well do I remember! The funny thing
was I did not even know how to read a blueprint, and
when I attempted to show the map to Mr. Lee, he said,
"Pardon me, Miss Davis, but you have the blueprint
upside down."

iR]

That ended my school teacher's career. I tried to get
a release from teaching for the rest of the year, but
could not. I was making $165.00 a month teaching,
but many times that much from real estate sales. To my
amazement, I was re-elected by the Board of Education
for the following year, but I declined. Before the year
ended, I had opened up a downtown office of my own
and was conducting sales and renting property. I had
four salesmen (two women) working for me. This I
continued to do until the bubble burst in late 1926.
I had bought lots and houses of my own, all of which
I was not able to dispose of before the crash. How-
ever, I ended up with considerably more than when I
had started.

Now I couldn't give real estate away, much less
sell it, but I had contracted for a long term lease for
office space and I had to find something else to do.
Because of my real estate experience, I secured a job
as loan agent for a small Florida Life Insurance Com-
pany for Clearwater and Pinellas County. Everybody
wanted a loan in those days, so I had no trouble doing
business as long as the Insurance Company's money
lasted. I conceived the idea of requiring each mortgagee
to take out a life insurance policy to cover the amount
of the loan, and thus began my entry into the life in-
surance field.

In November 1929 I married Harry Hardy, who
was also born and reared in Senoia, Georgia, a graduate
)f Tech and the University of Georgia. My husband
was district manager for Paramount-Publix Theatres.
For a while I traveled with him, living in Charlotte,
tnoxville, Chattanooga, Atlanta, and then two years
n Salt Lake City, Utah. Harry was transferred back
iouth to Knoxville, Tennessee, in 1933. When he came
jack from one of his two-week traveling trips, I had
;ecured a job as agent for the Massachusetts Mutual Life
Insurance Company and I have been with them ever
;ince. He was wonderful to let me do what I wanted to
do, and since he was away so much of the time it
worked out beautifully. In 1937 he was transferred to
Charlotte as district manager for North Carolina
Theatres, a subsidiary of Paramount Theatres. It so hap-
pened that the district managership for the Massachu-
etts Mutual Life Insurance Company was open at this
time and I was given the job which I have held ever
ince.

I take part in the programs of our National Con-

ventions and National Underwriters Association. I was
chairman of a day's session this past June at our Na-
tional Convention in Atlantic City and had the job of
introducing the various
speakers. My methods of
selling have been printed
in various magazines and
books including the Bab-
son Institute of Sales and
Research. I have been a
member of the Executive
Committee of the Massa-
chusetts Mutual Agents
National Association since
1940, a:d go to Spring-
field, Massachusetts, each
spring for this meeting.
I am also secretary and
treasurer of the Agents Association.

A great deal of my work is in the tax realm. I began
specializing in this field three years ago, writing cor-
poration insurance, as well as partnership and sole pro-
prietorship insurance and setting up trusts. (I take a
regular tax service and had to study law to do this.)
However, I still write a lot of insurance for college edu-
cations, family protection, mortgages, and old age re-
tirement.

I have in my files letters from mothers widows
who have an income today for themselves and their
children, and perhaps an education for their children
because I arranged it for them while their husbands and
fathers were living. These letters fill me with humility
and at the same time great satisfaction. So I would say
that life insurance is my hobby because I love it so. Al-
most every case offers a new adventure in the psychology
of selling, but best of all is that great happiness derived
from my work based on a constant sense of service to
others.

My husband and I both take an active interest in
community affairs, especially the Y.M.C.A. and Com-
munity Chest. Both of us are members of the First
Methodist Church here. Harry is a Rotarian. I take an
active interest in our Alumnae Association here. I have
always been proud of my alma mater, the high ideals
for which she has stood through all these changing
years, and her loyalty to Our Master. How grateful I
am to be a graduate of Agnes Scott!

[9]

FREE-LANCING

IN COMMUNICATIONS

By Margot Gayle '30

"You're licking the stamps again and I can't per-
mit it." My father was quietly giving me the sack for
hygienic reasons. It was summer vacation the year I
graduated from high school the Windsor Collegiate
Institute in Windsor, Ontario. My father was the man-
ager for the Reo Motor Company in Canada, and he'd
put me on his payroll I always suspected out of his
own pocket to get out a mailing of circulars an-
nouncing a new Reo truck. I found it more convenient
to lick the stamps than use the rubber sponge father's
secretary had provided. So my first job lasted a week
and a half and earned me the heady sum of $10. Ij
knew then that I should always want to have my own
income ... "a woman should," I philosophized.

Actually I still believe that . . . that women should
if possible earn for themselves part of their own or their
family's income. For one thing they appreciate it more
that way. You seldom hear a working wife complaining
that her husband owes it to her to buy her a fur coat.
I hasten to say that this business of earning part of the
family's income doesn't have to take you away from
home. As a matter of fact it took me several years to
prove to myself that this was true. Now I have my
own business, put in a six-hour day and work entirely
at home. I do publicity for a toy concern, handle pro-
motion on the Y.W.C.A.'s national magazine, write for
radio and magazines. Some things I go out after. Others
come to me . . . such as the series of kitchen quizzes
I've just finished for the Betty Crocker radio program
heard over ABC. Last week I did a news release and de-
signed a handbill for a folk singer who teaches music
at my little girl's school . . . I'm not making what
you'd call a fortune, but I'm toting my share of the
family budget, seeing a lot of our two youngsters and
meeting the sort of people I like.

As I sit looking out of my "office" window at the

brownstone houses across Ninth Street here on Man-
hattan, I think of the big trees that shaded the house
where I used to rise early to catch a streetcar near
Buckhead for an hour's ride through Atlanta to Agnes
Scott. I was a day student one year, and another year
boarded in Main, sharing a room with piquant Mary
Warren. I still have the yellow theatrical gauze that we
made into curtains for those windows of enormous
height. Now that I've written at some length about the
famous stage designer, Lee Simonson, been backstage
with him between acts, out front during dress rehearsal
and visited the carpenter shop to see his sets for the
Metropolitan Opera being made, I feel that I know a
good deal more about theatrical gauze than I did when
we invested in that 24 yards of yellow stuff.

Speaking of Simonson, who did the sets for Ingrid
Bergman's Joan of Lorraine last year, reminds me that
since I have been in and around radio, I have inter-
viewed and "written up" a good many famous people.
Some I remember with pleasure. Dorothy Gish was
genuinely helpful that I always think of her with ap-
preciation. Nelson Rockefeller set my head spinning
by carrying on a three-way interview with two other
reporters besides me. Kay Francis gave me a brush-off
in her dressing room before a performance of State of
the Union, and I had to write that interview with
facts elicited not from her, but from Who's Who and
a press agent's biographical sketch. Then there was the
time I washed dishes while interviewing Ralph Bellamy's
wife because he'd just phoned to say he'd be home soon
with guests. And the time I wrote notes round and
round the margins of the pages in a brand new book
bought for my husband's birthday . . . that was be-
cause I ran out of scratch paper while Cornelia Otis
Skinner was showing me her father's mementos.

Looking back on the two years I spent at Agnes

[-">]

Scott and the time at the University of Michigan,
whence I emerged with a diploma, I wonder why I
aever took courses in journalism. But I never did. I
seemed to keep on taking science courses . . . mostly
n chemistry. That I presume was one reason I was
nvited to accept a fellowship in the Pathology Depart-
ment at Emory University. Alice Garretson and I and
nany other Agnes Scotters are products of those for-
naldehyde-scented halls. Hortense ("Pat") Elton Gar-
rer as teacher made us toe the mark. A master's degree
ounded good but added little if anything to the take-
lome pay of a girl during the depression. I never did
ocate a job in the medical world, and to this day I
-egret it. Give me time and I'll vicariously satisfy that
jld yen by writing some radio scripts or magazine ar-
:icles on medical subjects.

At any rate, when I emerged from Emory Univer-
lity with an M.S. and had been refused as a candidate
: or the all-masculine medical school because I was fe-
nale, I got into the somewhat related field of social
vork because my good friend Augusta Dunbar '30
aid recruits were needed. For several years Augusta and
, with Cornelia Wallace and other Agnes Scott girls,
oncerned ourselves with other people's tragic dilemmas
during the '3 0's. Augusta and Cornelia went on to get
:pecial training and are both rendering exceptional
;ervice in this field.

But I was headed for radio, although I didn't realize
t at the time. The next thing I knew I was secretary
>f the Georgia Conference on Social Work, an annual
veek-long professional meeting of social workers from
11 over Georgia. Naturally I sought to get advance
mblicity for the conference and some of this took the
orm of radio publicity. I found station managers more
han generous so long as one came to them with a de-
:ent idea for a program. But I still hadn't met radio
lead-on. That happened the next year, 1940 I believe
t was, when I was secretary of the United China Re-
ef Campaign in Atlanta. In the line of duty I asked
adio program managers to give me a little time for the
nessage of China's need. They outdid themselves. Each
)f three stations gave me fifteen minutes "right across
:he board" same time every day. I suddenly found
nyself with three programs daily. This would have
seen a nightmare to one more experienced. I accepted
vith glee, and then got onto a perfect treadmill of
:rying to keep the time filled. This went on for three
veeks. At the end of that time, I was breathless,

and I was also incurably bitten by the radio bug.
During the subsequent two or three years I did the
radio publicity for the Atlanta Community Fund
under the guiding hand of Lambdin Kay. Then
I took on the publicity for the Salvage Drive in At-
lanta and in connection with that had a weekly pro-
gram on WGST.

I was nearer to radio. When my husband, already
in the Army, was transferred to Washington, we sold
the pretty little white house with the bay windows
that we'd built near Emory and moved lock, stock and
barrel to the nation's capital. I love it there, even if
I had to commute from Maryland on a 7:40 a.m. train
every morning . . . kill three-quarters of an hour over
coffee in Union Station before catching a streetcar for
my office. There was one gracious and neighborly
Agnes Scottcr, Elizabeth Dawson Schoefield, ('30) who
made our stay in the country near Washington even re-
motely possible. I think of her as a girl with wings and
halo. In Washington I couldn't get a toe hold in radio,
but I did get a liberal education as assistant to Esther
Tufty, whose efficient news bureau reported Washing-
ton news back to a string of Michigan papers. I cov-
ered the Michigan delegation on "The Hill" and found
the life of a reporter at large in Washington full of
fascination.

The only times I'd been to Washington before had
been in connection with agitation for poll tax repeal.
Out of a winter of volunteer work for the Citizens
Fact Finding Committee
and the Georgia League
of Women Voters had
come a very lively sense
of the injustice of denial
of suffrage to so many
in the South. I felt per-
sonally offended. I wrote
letters to editors, I organ-
ized a committee of women
in the eight "poll tax
states" to work for a free
vote, I spoke before church
groups, clubs, unions,
"Y"s. I talked to legislators. I went to Washington.
I recall one time when I presented a petition of South-
ern women for poll tax repeal to a congressman beside
the Susan B. Anthony statue in the crypt of the Capitol.
The press had turned out in full force, especially they-
photographers who clustered about us. In the midst of

[11]

this posing for pictures a guided capitol tour came along.
The score of tourists, dying to know what was going on,
stood gaping at me and the congressman. He was prob-
ably used to such things. I was not. The guide thrust
out a pointed finger at the Susan B. Anthony monu-
ment behind me. I thought he was pointing at me.
Everyone stared harder. I stared back defiantly. The
flash bulbs popped again, and the next day I saw a
glassy eyed picture of myself on the fourth page of
The Washington Post.

I feel just as strongly about suffrage as I did then
and intend to write a documentary script about it this
fall for airing along in October. In the meantime, I'd
better finish the piece I've started for The Denver Post
and get along with the thing The New York Times
Sunday Magazine might use. Thank goodness I've met
my deadline on the article about outdoor play equip-
ment for children that Mademoiselle's Living will print
in the May issue. Perhaps you saw the piece I wrote
about my daughter for the January Reader's Digest.
You can see a free lancer's life gets complicated, and
seems to involve being ready to write on any subject.

Of course that's the sort of rough and ready train-
ing I got as a staff writer at CBS. I was writing for
a daily radio program and New York was my beat. Be-
sides the interviews with celebrities, I covered fashion
shows, sat up late to skim through books before pub-
lication date, attended first nights at the theater till I
actually got blase about it, and followed every human
interest story I could get a lead on. A daily radio pro-
gram is like a daily paper ... it has to go to press every
day . . . it's inexorable . . . it's like the cook who finds
she's scarcely washed up from one meal before she has
to start preparations for the next. I spent two years
at it before I decided I had to spend more time with my
youngsters. And my husband had come back from
France, taken off his colonel's eagles and gone to work
with a nationally known firm of tax accountants. The
pace we'd all gotten into didn't make sense.

That was over a year ago. I'm loving being with the
kids more. Gretchen's nine, Carol's eleven, and they
both go to progressive schools here in New York. I
take on only jobs I can do at home. Actually Carol has
stepped into the limelight as the leading lady of a film
strip made by the United Nations for the United Chil-
drens Appeal. Producer Oberwager of the UN Film
Board told me yesterday that thousands of these film
strips are being shown in London right now. Before

long fifty thousand more will have been distribute'
over this country, Canada, Latin America, Australi
and New Zealand. The pictures on these pages ar
"clips" from the film which contrasts a day in th
life of a happy, well-fed American youngster wit
that of children in the deprived countries.

Carol and I agree that we like the field of communi
cations . . . the process of getting information an
ideas across, whether pictorially or through the printe
word of the press or the spoken word of radio. Which
for me, harks back to the days when I used to mak
posters to broadcast campus news at Agnes Scott. Mor
than once instead of doing my French, I'd labor wit
brushes and showcard colors over a rectangle of poste
board and next morning proudly tack up my handi
work on the bulletin board in Main. I'd take a peek i:
Dick Scandrett's open door as I passed and her eye
would crinkle in a smile. I'd like to do it again.

CALENDARS BRING NEWS
FROM ALUMNAE OF '40's

Four alumnae of the '40's are still enjoying letter
from their contemporaries to whom they sent copie
of the Agnes Scott calendar sold by the Junior Agne
Scott Club of Atlanta.

Dot Holloran Addison '43, Raddy Mauldin '43
Molly Milam '45 and B. J. Radford '47 formed
quartet to push the sale by sending the engagemen
calendars to their friends with an invitation to buy
They expected a good response, but they did not an
ticipate the dozens of juicy personal notes whicl
accompanied the $1.09 checks and money orders. Evei
now, three months after the mailing of the calendars
their mail is spiced two or three times a week witl
communications full of interesting news, reminiscences
and in the cases of '43 and '47 promises to come t<
class reunions the last weekend in May.

PLAN TO

Be It

JOIN YOUR CLASS

1902

1921

1940

1903

1922

1941

1904

1923

1942

1905

1924

1943

or 1947

AT REUNION MAY 29

[12]

PATTERN OF SUCCESS
IN ACADEMIC FIELDS

Author, professor, and dean of the Woman's College
at Duke University: these designations crown the
distinguished academic career of Dr. Roberta Florence
Brinkley, who began as a public school teacher after her
graduation from Agnes Scott in 1914. With others
whose achievements fellow alumnae are particularly
proud to hail, she was asked to write for this number
)f the Quarterly an account of her life.

"I was born at Augusta, Georgia," the letter begins,
'and moved in infancy from the 'Sandhills of Augusta'
:o Thomson, Georgia, or rather to a farm near Thom-
on. I did not attend high school, but was privately
srepared for entrance to college and entered by exami-
lation. I went to LaGrange College especially for the
nusic offered there and took a diploma in piano in 1912
mder Miss Rosa Muller. I then wanted to stress aca-
lemic work and decided to transfer to Agnes Scott.

"I entered Agnes Scott in 1912 and was there only
:wo years, graduating in 1914. I had to transfer all
:redits from LaGrange by examination (Miss Hopkins
ilways said that whenever she thought of me she still
)ictured me as taking examinations!); so I did not
ularize my class standing until the senior year. Are
ill exams still three-hour exams? At least the training
vas good for graduate school, for I became quite ac-
:ustomed to writing six hours a day whenever I had
tny spare time. I majored in English and minored in
:hemistry. I was assistant in chemistry in my senior
'ear and my best story is connected with this assist-
intship; there was a slight earthquake tremor, and bot-
les commenced to wobble on the laboratory tables. I
aw the flames on the Bunsen burners doing very queer
hings and had just told the girls to turn all burners
>ff, when I heard Dr. Guy coming up the steps two at
i time. I was surely glad to see him, for I knew some-
thing was wrong, but I did not think about its being an

earthquake since I had never before experienced one.
He marched us downstairs and out of doors, but the
tremor was about over. I remember feeling a little dis-
appointed that it was not more like a story my mother
told about an earthquake at my grandfather's. Since
then I have felt better earthquakes in California!

"My widowed mother and I had an apartment with
Miss Annie Ansley on South Candler Street. This fact,
added to all those examinations and my assistantship,
meant that I did not get to play much with the girls.
The courses I remember best are philosophy with Dr.
Stukes, astronomy with Dr. Olivier and biology with
Miss Sevin. I was so excited over biology that I even
took a year's graduate course in it; and if I had got
into the work sooner, I should probably have taken
my higher degree in it instead of in English. I do not
remember whether it was some outcome of the philos-
ophy class that led to my being Socrates in a pageant
in my senior year, but I remember being quite horrified
over having to put on the beard when my best beau
had just arrived from Florida."

After graduation from Agnes Scott, Florence Brink-
ley went back to her home town, Thomson, Georgia,
and taught in the public schools there from 1915 to
1917. Then she became principal of the Winfield,
Georgia, high school from 1917 to 1918, and head of
the English department in Central High School at
Murfreesboro, Tennessee, from 1919 to 1921. In 1919
she received her master's degree in English from George
Peabody College. In 1923 and 1931 she was an in-
structor of English at the summer sessions of George
Peabody College for Teachers, and in 1924 and 192J
at the summer sessions of Georgia State College for
Women. Also in 1924, she received her Ph.D. from
Yale University.

She' became an instructor in English at Goucher

[13]

College, was advanced to assistant professor in 1927,
to associate professor in 193 and to professor of
English in 1939. From 1943 to 1947 she held the po-
sition of chairman of the department of English at
Goucher. In 1946 Dr. Brinkley was granted a year's
leave of absence to continue her research abroad under
a travel-grant awarded by the American Philosophical
Society. She went to England to study the seventeenth
century as interpreted by Coleridge. Upon returning
last fall, she took up her new duties as dean of the
Woman's College at Duke University. She is a member
of the American Association of University Professors,
the American Association of University Women, and
the National Council for Teachers of English 1 and in
the Modern Language Association of America she has
served as secretary of the 17th Century Group, chair-
man of this group, and member of its advisory
committee.

In addition to this, Dr. Brinkley, who is an au-
thority on seventeenth-century literature, contributed
to such journals as: The Huntington Library Quarterly,
the Princeton Library Quarterly, The Review of Eng-
lish Studies, Modern Language Notes and The Journal
of English and Germanic Philology. She also published
three books: Nathan Field, the Actor-Playwright, The

Arthurian Legend in the Seventeenth Century (1932)
and English Poetry of the Seventeenth Century (1936)
revised and expanded in 1942. And her new book, en-
titled The Seventeenth Century as Interpreted b)
Coleridge, is expected to be ready for press by the enc
of this year.

Dr. Brinkley 's steady progress has been due t(
perserverance, hard work, and a love of intellectual ad-
venture. These traits must run in her family, for one
of her brothers is a professor of education at Emory
University and another, professor of chemistry at Yale
University.

Concerning her present position, she writes: "I like
best working with people in the effort to promote the
best interests of the college. In addition to being dean
of the Woman's College, I am professor of English;
but I shall have time to teach only one course. I am
on the examining committee for some of the graduate
degrees and find this work very stimulating and inter-
esting, too. My hobbies are music and puttering arounc
in my flower garden. My greatest experience in con-
nection with my work was seeing the calendar arounc
in England in spite of the severe winter, fuel shortage
(I really suffered from cold), poor housing condition:
and the privations of rationing."

Profession as a Volunteer

Up in the Aiumae House they keep a scrapbook of
news items pertaining to each Agnes Scott alumna.
Needless to say, the book of Diana Dyer '32, nationally
known Girl Scout executive, lecturer, globe-trotter,
singer, sportswoman and civic worker, is filled to over-
flowing. Indeed, it would be hard to decide which is
prouder of Diana her college or her home town,
Winston-Salem, N. C. She has done much to increase
the reputation of both. And her goal in life seems to be
working for others.

In 1933, a year after Diana's graduation, the Alum-

nae Office began receiving notices of her interest in
Girl Scout work, traveling and community projects.
April, '3 3 Diana Dyer has been elected to the Council
of Winston Girl Scout Leaders. July, '3 3 Diana Dyer
has been named as one of the directors of the Scout
camp this summer. November, '3 3 Diana Dyer is tak-
ing a course at Salem College in Music Appreciation.
November, '3 J, Diana studied voice in New York this
past summer. November, '36, Diana went to Europe
this summer with a party from Agnes Scott, April, '38,
Diana was in Atlanta in January attending the confer-

[14]

ences of the Girl Scout Regional Committee. Novem-
ber, '3 8, Diana left New York May 1 to attend the
Coronation.

October, '41, Diana Dyer was elected to membership
on the national board of directors of Girl Scouts, Inc.,
during a session of the National Girl Scouts convention
held in Dallas, Texas, recently. She will represent Re-
gion 6, which includes North and South Carolina,
Georgia and Florida. In addition to her scout work,
Diana keeps up her membership in the Winston-Salem
Junior League, Little Theater and Mozart Club. July,
'42, Diana Dyer will sing the role of Madame Crowne in
Mozart's comic-opera, "The Impresario", one of the
features of the Greater Winston-Salem Music Festival
this summer. She is also secretary-treasurer of the civic
group sponsoring the Festival, and manager of its Win-
ston-Salem productions.

February, '46, Miss Diana Dyer has been appointed
as one of two delegates from the United States to at-
tend the Western Hemisphere training workshop for
Girl Scouts and Girl Guides to be held in Havana, Cuba,
this month. Miss Dyer was picked for her background
in administration and experience in national and region-
al Girl Scouting.

March, '46, Diana Dyer has been elected second
vice-president of the national Girl Scouts at a con-
vention in Atlantic City.

Spring, '47, Diana Dyer flew to Paris and back last
fall to attend Girl Scout conferences in France and
Switzerland. The first World Conference for Girl Scout
Personnel in 8 years took place in Abelboden, Switzer-
land. Present were 50 women from 22 countries. Diana
also attended and was co-chairman of the International
Commissioners Conference which was held in Haute-
Savoie, France, in December. She found that Europe is
too "upset and concerned about problems in its own
countries" to do "any really constructive work on in-
ternational planning." Since her return, Diana Dyer
has lectured in many cities throughout the South em-
phasizing American responsibility.

Concerning her years at Agnes Scott, Diana writes:
"The years were dominated less by scholarliness
than by extra-curricular activities. A near-failure in
physics changed my mind from majoring math; three
years of French gave real pleasure (I can still remember
the days Peg Link and I walked in the rain memorizing
the poetry of Boileau). In another area, botany field
trips under Miss Westall brought a new appreciation of
growing things. I also remember the feeble hygiene

course, and the wonderful correlated courses in Ameri-
can literature and American history, when Dr. Hayes
awoke a consciousness of
the influences that sweep
across the total life of a
people. In the end, I had
a major in history and
minors in French and
English. Now I am over-
whelmed by the amount
of knowledge to which I
was exposed and the
amount I have forgotten.
"There is the remem-
brance of rich friendships,
many of which are still

'in good repair': Helon Brown (whose life was rich
in loveliness) ; Martha Stackhouse, Tumpsie Flinn,
Ellen Davis and Bee Miller; Sarah Bowman, Mary
Sturdevant, Mary McDonald, Laura Spivey, and
Margaret Massie; and the 'Lupton crowd' of 1931:
Penny Brown, Sara Lane Smith, Betty Bonham, Mary
Miller, Martha Logan, Lila Norfleet, Ruth Green, and
Peggy Link. (These last three were my roommates dur-
ing the time, and I am thankful for their forbearance!)
The only real battle I can recall was when several of
us in Lupton decided not to live in a cottage again in
our senior year. Our reason was that it was fun but
undemocratic, especially when there would be so many
campus officers in the group; feelings ran high, and
words were few but vehement!

"Membership on Student Government and the
Y.W.C.A. Cabinet were good experiences, and the presi-
dency of the last was a privilege. Affiliation on the
Atlanta Inter-racial council for several years began a
deep concern for better race relations and the belief that
each person must begin with herself in changing atti-
tudes."

Of her life after graduation, Diana says: "The end
result of my education seems to be an active interest
in service, especially in the church and in related com-
munity undertakings. For about 12 years, I had a won-
derful time teaching teen-age girls in church school. I
feel a little like a grandmother when they proudly send
pictures of their children now! I am on the substitute
list for teaching and singing in the choir when I am in
town.

"My major interest is Girl Scouting. I believe in it
because it tries to help a girl be a better member of her
family, school, church and community, and because it

["]

introduces her to skills and knowledge valuable in
youth, invaluable in maturity. A large order, some-
times feebly met. I enjoy Scouting as a volunteer be-
cause of the opportunities for growth and development.
Freedom to travel has meant that I could work at sev-
eral jobs within the Girl Scout organization. At pres-
ent, I am a member of five different groups -Local
Council, Regional Committee (vice-chairman), Na-
tional Board, National Executive Committee, National
Field Committee (chairman) and World Association's
Committee on Training. I've met and worked with hun-
dreds of interesting people, traveled many miles (I still
hang on to my 'short-snorter,' memo of flying the At-

lantic), but still I know that the real job is the troop
leader's. The biggest thrills are hers, the most headaches
and the most fun and satisfaction. It is here that more
than 115,000 women serve in the United States.

"At present, I am on the boards of the Junior
League, Civic Music Association, Piedmont Festival of
Music and Art, Community Radio Council, Roundtable
of Christians and Jews, Winston-Salem Library Com-
mission and the North Carolina State Board of Correc-
tion and Training.

"So, it's a good life, tempered by a good family,
good friends, travel and good music. I know I am
abundantly blessed."

SHE COULDN'T LET

HER CLASS PROPHET DOWN

"Sally Sue Stephenson is modeling clothes for Jane
Bowman's shop. Her slogan is, "If Jane can drape 'em,
I can shape 'em'."

Thus spake Ann Seitzinger, prophet for the 1946
Class Day exercises.

Up to that memorable day in June, if the thought
of modeling had been in the back of Sally Sue's head, it
had not been generally known, although one of Atlanta's
women's stores had run several pictures of her in a
Sunday magazine, advertising junior dresses. The way
she photographed was perhaps more of a surprise to Sally
than it was to others.

Shortly after that prophetic glimpse into the future,
Sally was heard to say to some of her friends, when they
were discussing the various vocations they planned to
follow according to the prophecy "You know, I just
can't let Ann down. Posterity must never point to her
with a finger of scorn and say Ann did not have an
accurate seeing eye for future happenings in the lives
of her classmates."

Then a local photographer (later the husband of one

of her friends) offered to make some more "shots" of
her face, just to see if she had possibilities. These pic-
tures really cinched the accuracy of Ann's prophecy.

Sally's sister, a fashion artist in New York City, was
in the audience on Class Day, so she decided then and
there to give little Sis, as a graduation present, a trip to
New York and her "keep" until she became self-support-
ing in the new chosen profession. Now, Sally had the
pictures, and the promise of a trip, a place to eat and
sleep; so, thus fortified, after a few months as camp
counselor at Camp Nakanawa near Mayland, Tennessee,
she set her eyes New York-ward in September, 1946.
Just in case she needed training, her sister also volun-
teered to pay her way to a modeling school, if the pic-
tures didn't do the trick in landing the job as model.
It soon became evident that the lessons would not be
needed.

Her first picture was that of a bride for Gimbel's
Department Store. Here is how it happened. She was in
the office of one of the artists a friend of hers when
one of the store photographers sauntered in and she was

[16]

itroduced to him as a possible model. He offered to
hotograph her for a certain ad, and lo and behold, it
licked.

Then started the daily rounds of calls on agencies,
hotographers, etc. To those who knew Sally Sue in-
imately, the very thought of her going about in New
r ork, riding subways, dodging taxis, meeting and talk-
lg business to strangers was almost unbelievable, be-
ause it had been like pulling eyeteeth to get her to go
n necessary shopping trips to her own Atlanta. How
le hated those streetcars the Decatur ones with their
[most square wheels! But time changes all things, and
fter just a few days of pavement pounding, Sally was
ccepted by the Society of Models, as a model for junior
lothes, at a salary of $7.50 an hour. Some people get
ae impression that the life of a model is glamorous and
ast a happy holiday, but when you talk to Sally, you
;alize at once that it is merely a job which must be
r ell done. It means keeping fit physically, arriving at
Dpointments on time, and getting to bed nightly by
0:30. Of course, it is nice to be photographed in new
lothes months before they are offered to the discrimi-
ating shoppers but for every picture that is made,
lere are fittings which usually last as long as the actual
icture-taking. And don't we all know how exasperat-
ig can be the constant taking in here, letting out there,
id the pinning up, with an occasional pin missing its
lark! She goes through all that too, and only at
alf-pay. Then there are the stylists and the photog-
lphers who would like to change her appearance to suit
leir own whims, thinning her rather bushy brows and
atting and curling those long tresses; but here Sally has
id her own way, as her pictures will prove.

Hardly a day goes by without someone's asking her
she is not given all the lovely clothes she has posed in.
here are times when a manufacturer will offer to sell
model the garment which has been fitted to her, but
illy says they never are the ones you would like to have,
hose she would want have always been spoken for by
imeone back at the factory; so, if a model has modish
othes, remember that she, even as you and I, has had
i hunt here and yon for what she wants for her own
ardrobe. Her one advantage might be that she knows
i advance which particular styles will best suit her
vn type.

At Agnes Scott, Sally Sue majored in English. She
is always had a love for good books, and is especially
)nd of reading good poetry. In spite of her busy life
;re in the big city, she has found time to read some

really good books. Then, too, her love for sports has not
lessened not necessarily spectator sports, but actual par-
ticipation. She and her sister and some of their friends
have rented a lovely house in New Milford, Connecticut,
where they spend most of their week-ends. Sally has
learned to iceskate and to ski and to enjoy all the winter
sports. This keeps the kinks out of the muscles and keeps
her in better physical condition for the weekdays of
scurrying back and forth between appointments. There
is a little Presbyterian church in New Milford which
they attend and which they enjoy very much. The Fifth
Avenue Presbyterian Church has become her church
home when she is in New York. Recently, when in
Florida on a trip with the magazine Seventeen, she at-
tended the very old Presbyterian church in St. Augus-
tine.

Modeling is interesting, so Sally Sue says, but cer-
tainly not her choice for a life's vocation because it is
too strenuous. To say the least, it is a very lucrative
occupation. Asked if she had had any promotions, she
answered, "not unless you call raises in salary promo-
tions." She worked only for two months at $7.50 an
hour; then her rate was raised to $10.00, then to
$15.00; now it is $20.00! She is enthusiastic about
the agency for which she works. It is owned by
a young woman who is very businesslike and very
charming. The girls who
take the calls for the
models are most friendly,
and it is this spirit of
friendliness that makes
Sally's work so pleasant.
Her picture has appeared
on four magazine covers,
including that of the December McCalPs, and at this
writing she has just finished posing for a new cover
to be out in a month or so.

"I don't intend to be a model long perhaps no'
after this coming June," said Sally Sue, "but really, I
couldn't let Ann and her prophecy down now, could
I?"

WATCH

THE

SUMMER

ISSUE

for a

comp

ete report

on the

Alumnae

Fund,

inclu

ding a comparison

of

class

percentages.

[17]

You Pep Up Your Gait

by Kathryn Maness Unsworth '34

In the little North Georgia town of Ellijay, I
joined the company of a minister and his wife their
second daughter. Because of the nature of the minis-
try, my childhood was spent moving from place to
place, making new friends, acclimating myself to new
schools and new surroundings ... all of which was
sometimes fun and sometimes completely upsetting.

I entered high school in Rome, Georgia, my favorite
town but soon the ministry called my father to
Greensboro, Georgia, where I finished high school. This
last move was the most disrupting of all but even so,
the spring and summer of 1930 went by like the wind
for that fall I was to enter Agnes Scott. At last I
could look forward to some real work and study and
this time, it would be concentrated in one place.

My sister, Margaret, was a Hottentot, and I knew
that college held many happy months for me. My
roommate, Oline Chapman, was also from Greensboro,
and we had many gay times in Rebekah Scott; also a
few that were a bit strenuous. I shall never forget
Martha Eskridge during Sophomore Week. For her, I
repeated "O supremely sage Sophomore, this sinful
sniveling subordinate solemnly salutes thee." I never
could define "sniveling" to Martha's satisfaction. I
remember indulging in other hazings, such as pushing
mothballs down the hall with my nose and singing the
laundry list to the tune of "My Country Tis of Thee."
Mary Elizabeth (Tin) Walton and Betty Harbison lived
down the hall from us, and we saw them incessantly.
Rossie Ritchie, Charlotte Reid and Alma Brohard also
joined our bull sessions frequently: Ellen Davis was my
junior sister, and I'll never forget the helpful advice
Seniors Nita Boswell and Frances Murray gave us lowly
freshmen.

We were always great ones for feasts. One night

Betty Harbison went out to put on the electric per
colator while we spread out the food. When Betty wen
back for the coffee, she found only grounds and a po
full of molten metal. She had just omitted the water-
and the aroma of burning metal remained in the hal
for weeks ... I wonder if they still have the modest}
curtains those white or printed numbers used t<
cover unsightly alcoves and whatever they might b
closeting and do sedat
matrons still inspect th
premises periodically?

Though my college day
were busy ones, wha
with studying, working
in the library with Mis
Hanley, answering th<
phones in the dormitory
I still found plenty o
time for sports my fa
vorite being field hockej
and believe me,
really had a team, wit!
Betty Harbison, Ca'lena McMullen, Sarah Austin, Rutl
Shippey, and Mary Ames, among others. Water pole
was my second love in sports.

The last two years of college, I roomed with Bett}
Harbison. I remember summers at Blue Ridge, sprinj
dances at The Citadel Nevelyn Parks, Betty and
dating the Georgia Cracker baseball players. One night
just before exams, Nevelyn, Oline, Tin and I couldn'
decide whether to study or go to the movies, so wi
flipped a coin heads, we'd go to the movies, tails, we'(
study. It came out tails, so we decided to try two out o:
three flips and it still came out tails. Finally, whei
we got to three out of five flips, it came out heads.

[is;

We had certain songs we liked to sing in the dining
room. One, I vividly recall:

"Six more weeks till vacation
Then we'll go to the station
Back to civilization
The train will carry us home."

We never tired of that one each week we would
decrease the number of weeks, then the days.

Before finishing my sophomore year, I had decided
to go into some kind of personnel work, so, after talk-
ing with Miss Jackson and Mr. Stukes, I went to see
the training director of Rich's department store in At-
lanta. She suggested that I go to a graduate division
of Simmons College the Prince School of Store Service
Education, now the Prince School of Retailing. This
I did, and on my way home I stopped in at L. Bam-
berger & Co. (the fourth largest store in the country)
to interview for a vacancy in the training department.
The girl leaving the job was Catherine Happoldt, a
former Hottentot. I shall never forget her advice to
me that day. She said, "These Yankees think we South-
erners are slow, so don't ever let them see you walk or
work slowly, pep up your gait!" I did, and got the job.

My first assignment was the training and follow-up
of all non-selling people wrappers, packers, stock peo-
ple, cashiers and markers. One Christmas I had fifty
deaf-mute packers to train, and, not being too adept
at sign language, I had one of my trained packers who
was only mute sit in the classroom and interpret for
me as I went along.

After several years of non-selling training I was
transferred to selling training on the home furnishings

floors, which I loved. My job was to welcome new
salespeople, check on system, follow through, give semi-
annual personnel review ratings, put on skits and con-
duct classes. Then, for a couple of years, I retired to pri-
vate life but soon returned to "One of America's Great
Stores" as training supervisor of the basement store
the position I now hold. I find it both fascinating and
stimulating. It means constantly working with people,
training, following up, putting on fashion shows, trans-
ferring, interviewing, doing personnel reviews. There's
an ever-present challenge and never a dull moment in
department store work!

Last fall, I received a call from Miss McCorkindale,
the training director, asking if I would like to teach
retailing selling at New York University at night. I
was thrilled at the opportunity, and seized it imme-
diately. In my first class I had 3 8 men and 4 girls. It
was particularly significant to note how much more
eager to learn the people at New York University were
than my salespeople in the store I suppose because
one group paid for their information, while the other
got it free.

The only Hottentot I see nowadays is Peg Water-
man O'Hara, who lives in Westfield. We manage to get
together frequently and have a real A.S.C. discussion.
. . . The little time I have left for hobbies and outside
interests is spent with my husband, developing and
printing pictures. The bus or train is my pine-panelled
library, but I manage to get quite a bit of reading done
en route. Yes, you do "pep up your gait" up north
especially in a great department store but I wouldn't
give it up for anything in the world.

College Placement Director

By Rudene Taffar '34

The advancements in my career have been none
other than the regular steps up that come eventually to
most people. Most of them, in Navy and civilian jobs
alike, have been the result of being around at a crucial
moment. I have sketched my life and work for the
reader to see how one Agnes Scott graduate arrived at
her present position as placement director of Wilson
College.

My four years at Agnes Scott were completely un-
distinguished, I'm afraid, but I enjoyed them. Being a
day student made some difference, but not a great deal,
for most of the time we were living a block down South
Candler. I was close enough to the campus to spend
much more time there than the day students who spent
so much of their time on the North Decatur car. Being
a day student did make some difference, however. Both

[19]

my sister Jura and I spent more time in local activities,
chiefly in and around Decatur Presbyterian Church,
than the average student, and for quite a few years
were fixtures in the choir there. I entered Agnes Scott
in 193 and majored in English, with a Bible minor.

My class started in about the time Buttrick Hall
was being finished. In fact, some of the last touches
were being added as we registered and I distinctly re-
member the sea of red mud which surrounded the build-
ing where the quadrangle now is. We had a very rainy
September, and some of the people who came from other
parts of the country and were not as devoted to the red
clay as the natives were a little unenthusiastic about
the whole thing.

The courses I remember best at Agnes Scott are
Miss Laney's Chaucer and Anglo-Saxon. I wouldn't
want to imply that I remember the content with any
degree of vividness, but I enjoyed taking them. Even
more than those, however, I enjoyed the American Lit-
erature course in the senior year. That may have been
simply a matter of finally coming to a point of learn-
ing to get something out of the classes themselves in-
stead of just managing to keep up assignments.

The Psychology and Philosophy courses were inter-
esting, and I have always wished that there had been
more time for that. Like a lot of other people, I took
education courses and practice teaching without any
very definite idea of using them. I thought, partic-
ularly after the practice teaching episode, that teaching
was not going to be the happiest choice for me, and I
still do think that.

As for outside activities, I did just what I still do
tried almost everything and didn't do very well or
very much in any of them. Because my sister was in the
class of '32 and one of my best friends in Decatur,
Ora Muse, was in the class of '37, my own acquaint-
ance spread over more than the usual four-year period.
In my own class were Louise McCain and Sara Moore,
with whom I had finished Decatur High, Mary Mac-
Donald and Louise Schuessler, who went along in the
group with which I got my first job after graduation,
and of course a lot of others.

That first job was something else. I often think of
the way I got it as I discuss the advantages and disad-
vantages of various possibilities with the girls here; the
point being that at that stage, in the middle of the de-
pression, there was no stopping for such consideration.
If a job turned up, the average person accepted and
then asked what "the job was. I did so when the Federal

Emergency Relief Association in Atlanta needed some
case workers in a rather desperate way and asked the
College for students from the graduating class. I hap-
pened to be working in the office for a few days after
graduation helping to clear up some extra work and,
when they asked whether I wanted to be included, said
Yes, of course.

Just how desperate the need actually was became
very clear a week later when they took me, an English
major, and presented me with a full-sized case load
which became larger as the summer progressed. Sara
Lane Smith '32 was in the same district office and we
spent about fifteen months on that particular project.
Mary MacDonald and Louise Schuessler were doing the
same thing in another district, as were several others.

The work was very interesting, and I, for one, en-
joyed it. However, it was very hard work and took a
lot of time in addition to the usual eight hours. When
they closed the offices in the fall of '3 5, most of us
had to decide whether we wanted to go on with grad-
uate work in that field, which is really necessary if one
plans to stay in it. Much as I had liked it, I wasn't
ready for that, so I took the next thing that offered
itself a month or so later.

That, too, came indirectly through the Agenes Scott
office, as I remember, and what it turned out to be was
a position politely referred to as "technical assistant"
with the Occupational Research Program under the De-
partment of Labor. That group was laying the ground-
work for the present Dictionary of Occupational Titles,
the job analyses and oral trade questions, and some of
the aptitude tests, all of which are now being used by
the United States Employment Service. It was really
very good experience, which was fortunate, because the
salary was even less impressive than the, earlier one had
been and, by today's standards, was simply ridiculous.

I did a little job analysis, but worked more with
the tests, which I liked better anyway. One of the
things we did was set up a small testing unit in the
local United States Employment Service and, when the
Occupational Research Unit was taken out of Atlanta,
two years later, the employment office just took over
the testing unit and I went along with it. From that
point on until I went into the WAVES, I was with
the USES in one capacity or another. Primarily, I did
testing but there were times when that was of first
importance and times when other things were given
priority in the office. What resulted over a period of
about five years was a chance to do some, at least, of

[20]

just about everything in
the office, part of which
was interesting and part of
which was not. By - the
time I left for the Navy,
I was listed as an employ-
ment counselor, although
my real job was still the
administration and inter-
pretation of tests.

Being in the WAVES
was really a wonderful ex-
perience. Of course, the
circumstances that led to
the decision on the part of the Army and the Navy to
recruit women were anything but desirable but, given
the conditions, there was no better apparent way for a
person like me to have spent the time. I was one of the
lucky ones who worked along lines which were similar
to previous experience and, at the same time, broaden-
ing, in that many of the old familiar methods and pro-
cedures were being used in different ways and with a
new application. But there was one advantage which
everyone shared, and that was the opportunity to meet
and come to know people from widely scattered parts
of the country. All of this is not to imply that there
were no moments when I wondered just why I had ever
gone and done this to myself; but, on the whole, it was
good.

I went directly from two months' training and
the Naval Reserve Midshipmen's School at Smith Col-
lege in Northampton to a place on the staff of the
school, because that month they happened to need a
person in the Personnel Classification Group, so I had
a chance to do something which, to me anyway, was
really interesting. My job was largely to interview the
new classes which came in every four weeks, and I en-
joyed it. Lou Pate '39 was there for most of the time
as one of the instructors. We both left about the time
the school closed at the end .of '45 and I was sent down
to the Naval Photography School in Pensacola.

We were right on the Air Station; in fact, the Photo
School had a small squadron of planes of its own.
A personnel officer in the Navy really does almost any-
thing of an administrative nature, and that was par-
ticularly true in a comparatively small unit where nearly
everyone else was either a pilot or a photographer or
both. The ranking WAVE in the command to which I
was attached at Pensacola was Helen Minerva Lewis

(about '27 I think), with whom I had many pleasant
contacts. Her headquarters were in Chicago, but she
came down now and then to Pensacola. When V-J Day
came along, the Navy set up WAVE separation units
along with the regular men's units and I suddenly
found myself in Memphis being a Civil Readjustment
Officer in the unit there.

The Civil Readjustment department was concerned
generally with trying to be sure that the departing vet-
eran knew just what his or her situation with regard
to veterans legislation was and, specifically, with seeing
that any individual who needed particular information
got it. After about six months, our unit was moved to
New Orleans, which was nice, since we arrived there
just before the first post-war Mardi Gras. And finally,
I came up to Washington to the unit there and event-
ually spent about three months in the Civil Readjust-
ment Section in the Navy Department in Washington.

In my Navy career, I received one citation from
the Chief of Naval Personnel, a result of my being
made Officer-in-Charge for the closing months of the
Separation Unit in Washington, when the officer hold-
ing that place had to leave in order to accept a civilian
job. But again, that was a matter of happening to be
around at a crucial moment.

For most of last year, I was simply at home and
glad enough not to be doing anything. I had one short
period of work in a commercial employment agency in
Atlanta, and then I took the summer off again. This
job at Wilson came along just at the point when I was
ready to take an interest in working once more, and I
am increasingly glad that it did, and that I had a chance
at it. I think that the thing I like best about it is the
fact that, since Wilson College is a small one, the job
is diversified in a way that it would never be in a large
college or university. Wilson is much like Agnes Scott
in size, as well as in a number of other ways, and that
helps a great deal to make it pleasant. And of course,
it is again an opportunity to work with a different
group of people.

That just about tells my story up to my present po-
sition. As for reading and other hobbies, there was a
time when the answer to "What do you read?" would
have been "Everything." It still would be the answer
if I had time. Being the kind of person who will try a
number of things and very seldom settle down to one
for any length of time, I don't really have a hobby. It
makes for variety, but not for proficiency.

[21]

Editor's Note: As the Quarterly was in its semifinal
stage, page proof on the way from the printer's, the
Alumnae Office received an announcement of Patricia
Collins' marriage to Mr. Salvador Andretta.

Something of a Satisfaction

As a member of the staff of the Assistant Solicitor
General in Washington, Patricia Collins '28 looks
back upon thirteen satisfying years in Capital legal
work years for which the foundation was laid at
Agnes Scott, in Emory law school, and on her first
jobs in Atlanta.

On December 8, 1941, three documents were laid
on President Roosevelt's desk which, with his signature,
would govern the control of enemy aliens in this
country throughout World War II. These papers,
containing the regulations which outlined this im-
portant phase of the war effort, had been produced
from her working files on the evening of Pearl Harbor
Day by Pat Collins. They were the result of a year's
study of World War I experiences, conversations and
conferences with all parties officially concerned with
the status of enemy aliens, and the drafting of Presi-
dential proclamations to be used in case of war. This
had been her job in the Neutrality Laws Unit of the
Department of Justice, and "it was something of a
satisfaction," she says, to be able to turn out the
finished product on the very day of the Japanese attack.

Mr. Collins, an Atlanta insurance man, always
wanted his daughter to be a lawyer because he had
always wanted to be one himself. She was out of Agnes
Scott and well into Emory law school before she was
sure about the wisdom of the plan; but, she declares,
"It was never necessary for him to sell me after that."

Her first job was with the Atlanta Legal Aid
Society, where she preceded Frances Craighead Dwyer
'28. Starting as part-time help, she held a research
assignment for the Georgia Bar Association at the same
time. "In those days my joint salary for the two jobs
came to something less than $100 per month, but as I
remember it now I was rolling in wealth. I don't
think I'll ever have so much money again. I had
nothing to do with it but spend it on myself."

It was a great day for her father when she was

admitted to practice before the Supreme Court of the
United States; but, after having gone to Washington
for the occasion, he almost missed being a witness. It
happened that Justice Hugo Black was seated for the
first time that day, after the heated controversy over
his appointment; so the courtroom was jammed.
"After considerable maneuvering in the realm of high
policy and low bribes, we were able to make a deal,"
and Mr. Collins was proudly present when Robert
Jackson, then Solicitor General, moved Pat's admission.
She was the only woman among the many lawyers
who took the oath that day, although a number of
women besides her have been admitted before and since
to practice before the Court.

Her present position, which has brought such
pleasing episodes as a session in the President's chair
during a conference in the Cabinet room, "is like that
of a big law office except that we are lawyers for the
Attorney-General, doing what in a big law office
would be the so-called desk work interpretations,
opinions, advice on policy matters, legislation, etc.

"Immediately before I came here," she recalls, "I
was a member of the Board of Immigration Appeals
appointed by Attorney General Biddle. That Board,
consisting of five members incidentally there never
was a woman member before may consider, for the
Attorney General, the appeal of any deportable or ex-
cludable alien, and its decision is final. It was tempting
to remain there . . . but when the opportunity to come
to this office was presented to me, I felt that the more
varied experience here would be valuable and I must
say I have been learning right along."

A history major with an English minor, Pat is an
active Agnes Scott alumna who only regrets that she
did not have philosophy in college. She was one of the
number of Washington alumnae who gathered Febru-
ary 21 in a Founder's Day meeting where Dean S. G.
Stukes was guest speaker this year.

[22]

Lucie Hess Gienger (right) with her husband,
their children, and Mildred Clark '36 in Germany.

RALPH McGILL CALLS

ON ALUMNA IN GERMANY

In Editor Ralph McGilPs column for The Atlanta
Constitution of last December 30 was an account of
lis recent meeting in Europe with Lucie Hess Gienger,
in Agnes Scott alumna who will be remembered by
:hose who attended the College in the mid-'thirties.

Some members of the administration and staff who
cnew Lucie have re-established contact with her since
:he end of the war with Germany, and Mildred Clark
36 went to see her last year.

Headed "A German Girl Remembers Georgia," Mr.
vIcGill's column said in part:

Agnes Scott Alumna in Stuttgart From the
German Notes:

In Nuernberg, Miss Mildred Clark, who used
to teach in Georgia, told me that when I got to
Stuttgart I might look up a Mrs. Walter Gienger,
who as Miss Lucie Hess had been a student at
Agnes Scott College.

Agnes Scott is, of course, a very well-known
and justly famous woman's college, with alumnae

here and there over the world, but, in the name
of its president, I declared myself an unofficial
alumnae secretary and determined on a call.

At the door we were met by Mrs. Gienger's
mother, who seemed, quite naturally,, startled to
see two strangers from America asking to see her
daughter. She was the more perturbed because
her daughter had fainted in the kitchen that morn-
ing, the result of a cold and inadequate diet, and
had suffered a slight concussion and a broken
tooth in the fall.

Since there is, or seems to be, interest in how
the Germans are living, it may be well to say that
it was below freezing, yet only one room in the
otherwise comfortable house was heated. Mrs.
Gienger's bedroom was entirely unheated. We sat
with our overcoats on. The one warm room was
the living room and the situation was complicated
because the two small children, Barbara, aged
three, and Walter, aged one and a half, kept want-
ing to stay in the room with their mother.

"I think the happiest year of my life was at
Agnes Scott," said Mrs. Gienger, after we had
introduced ourselves and got settled. "I think of
it always with affection."

She asked that messages of the faculty be de-
livered to Dr. McCain and to members of the
faculty whom she recalled, especially Miss Carrie
Scandrett and Miss Muriel Harn, whom she re-
membered with special regard.

She talked of Georgia and its red clay, its
trees and hills, and of how happy she had been
with her years in Georgia. She spent 1935-36 at
Agnes Scott and went back to Germany to teach.
She taught until the first year of the war, when
the school was taken over as an SS school and she
retired and married. Her husband was a success-
ful businessman whose building and business were
destroyed by war bombing.

Since soap is a desperate problem, I had taken
along a few bars for the children, and some
cookies. These I produced, after explaining they
were modest presents from Georgia. If any Agnes
Scott alumnae are interested the Giengers do not
need charity, but they can't get coffee, shortening,
soap, rice, dried beans and many other similar
items. And I can think of no better supplemen-
tary gift than a case or so of the canned foods for
children. Children suffer the most and it is simply
not possible to get balanced diets for them. My
office will have the address for any interested
person from Agnes . Scott.

Alumnae Office files show Lucie's address to be
Remstalstr. 19, Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt, Germany.

[23]

"M" TT Q T C ^^S^&c^s-^-s

|f Agnes Scott Dance Group'
"Will K^jjfct 'Swan Lake'

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ma A T<.

he in

Dance Group, under the """J"

11 lour acts o( "Swan Lake lei

' ^Saturday, Feb. 14. in Presser

Wells, of Houston, Texas, wl

. >>!:, the sorcerers ti.iu.liK

Betty Bhickmon, of Colu'

k Anne Hayes of Decatur,

- the parts of leading i"

asant girls, friends of I

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ill be Bob Powt

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A STREETCAR CALLED ADVERTISING

You have only to talk to Rosalind Janes Williams
'25 a few minutes to realize that much of her success
as a mother and advertising executive is due to her
heart-warming sense of humor. Just listen as she remi-
nisces about the days before she became a nationally
known advertising copy writer:

"In searching my memory for anecdotes and es-
capades of my Agnes Scott days, I find that I must go
back through long dim corridors of time to what was
truly another era as compared to today. I remember
so much and yet so little. One of my most vivid mem-
ories is of having dates on Saturday night in the Main
parlor and trying to make light conversation under the
restraining influence of Miss Hopkins' and Dr. Gaines'
portraits. Another is of the one window in Rebekah
Scott dining room that was always unlocked at night
and of how a crowd of us used to climb in and raid the
pantry. All we ever got was crackers, I think. The
nightwatchman caught us once and (bless his memory)
never reported us.

"I remember the night some of us dragged our
blankets out on the roof of Rebekah Scott to sleep.
We let a piece of cord out the window and tied it to
Mellie Zellars' toe so one of our friends inside could
pull the cord and warn of an approaching proctor (do
they still call them that?). Of course the cord was
jerked frantically all night and of course we talked
and giggled until a chilly rain at dawn drove us in.
One other thing that keeps coming back to me was not
an incident . . . but a Hat! It was a vivid emerald green
straw with yards of chiffon veiling floating behind, and
I owned it my senior year. It is no overstatement to say
that it was probably the most borrowed hat in Agnes
Scott history. Everybody wore it to every big occasion
they went to that spring. It was dubbed by all the
seniors, 'Touring the Nile,' and borrowers had to sign
it in and out like a library book.

"This is a story that has been 'told on us' for years
in numerous executive meetings at Davison's. I'll pass
. it on. It was the favorite story of Mr. Raymond Kline,
past-president of Davison-Paxon's. After Mellie Zellars
Davison, Rebekah Harman Stewart, and I had been at
Davison's for some years and had all managed to get
into the so-called executive ranks, Davison's personnel
manager called Miss Hopkins one day and asked her if
she could recommend any Agnes Scott seniors who
would be good executive training material . . . 'like
Mellie Davison, Rebekah Stewart and Rosalind Wil-
liams', she said. After a few minutes of dead silence,
Miss Hopkins' sweet, quiet voice replied, 'You say you
do or you don't want any more girls like them?'

"I must have done very little at college to make
myself outstanding, but I can truly say that the ideals
and inspiration, as well as the learning I got there have
stood me in good stead every step of the way since. 1
guess college is a lot like our parents. You have to get
perspective by growing up to appreciate them. When I
visited Agnes Scott last Spring I was one big glow of
pride at all the progress that has been made since I was
there, yet find myself
grateful that the real,
deep-down things about it
have not changed."

After graduation with
majors in English and his-
tory, Rosalind went to
work for an insurance
company. "I got my job
on the strength of being
an A.S.C. graduate," she
writes, "and was put into
the accounting depart-
ment. (A check on my
math grades will show

[26]

what a mistake that was.) I rapidly went to pieces,
had mild hysterics every night for weeks. A certified
public accountant worked three days to get the books
in balance after my work. Finally I resigned just before
I was fired. The kindly boss I resigned to suggested
gently that 'perhaps I would do better in something
like library work.' Shortly afterward I got my first
advertising job at Rich's and since then have limited
my math problems to wrestling with my bank balance
which, incidentally, never balances either."

After two years at Rich's department store, Rosa-
lind went to Davison-Paxon's, where she wrote fashion
copy, became assistant advertising manager and then
manager for ten years. In 1944 she won the Wartime
Advertising Award for her Red Cross advertisement on
the Blood Bank. Another Red Cross advertisement cre-
ated by her was adopted by 46 leading stores across
the nation as their 1946 Red Cross message. People still
remember the glittering accessory ad which won her
the Chen Yu national award in this same year. For the
last eight months she has been associated with the
Tucker- Wayne & Company advertising agency. Of this
work, she writes, "Many of our accounts appear in such
national magazines as Vogue, Life, The Saturday Eve-
ning Post, Better Homes and Gardens, Esquire and
Mademoiselle. I find it exciting to see something I've
done in a 'slick' magazine that at least hangs around

Sudden Celebrity

By Ann Cox Williams '37

Writing a biographical sketch is far more difficult
than I would have imagined! I remember so much about
the recent years that I find them hard to condense and,
as for the early years, I remember too little and am
afraid to call on my family's version of them my
mother would be too flattering and my older sisters too
t/wflattering! I'll just plunge in, though, and do the
best I can.

I was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee, in December,
1915, I lived there till I was seven; then my dad's firm
transferred his headquarters three times in as many
years. We paused briefly in Nashville and Birmingham
for a year or so and then came on to Atlanta in 1925.
I was such an ailing child that I couldn't start to school
till I was nine, but my mother, in desperation over my

on the library table a week or so after years of 'giving
my all' for retail newspaper advertising that lined some-
body's garbage can next day. But agency or depart-
ment store, it's still high pressure, still hectic and still
to me a never failing source of mental stimulus. I
suppose it comes pretty close to satisfying the dream
of 'someday writing something' that all of us seem to
have."

In addition to a sense of humor and the ability to
"give her all" to her work, there is another reason for
Rosalind's success in the field of advertising. She has
kept close to life. She reads everything that comes into
her hands from the "funnies" to Thomas Mann. She
goes to movies, concerts and plays, and often incor-
porates into her copy the name of a new song-hit or
Broadway production. Which is why we are sure she
will approve our title for this interview A take-off on
Tennessee Williams' A Streetcar Named Desire. Rosa-
lind's "streetcar" is advertising, but at the end of the
line each day is her home. Many of her most valuable
ideas for copy have come out of her experiences as an
average American homemaker. Through taking care of
her husband and her two children, Linda, 12, and Billy,
6, she has learned what the American housewife wants.
This is why her copy "sells" and why, as she puts it,
her life "spills over around the edges. I simply can't
seem to compress all I want to do into just 24 hours."

The author of this article precipitated a lively
controversy in Atlanta last year when a daily news-
paper began publishing her $1 2.50-per-week food
budgets for a family of four. Life magazine featured
her across two pages of its November 10 issue, in a
picture essay on rising costs of living.

lack of education, had tutored me for a year so I was
able to catch up with my regular class. However, at
each graduation mother couldn't resist saying that she'd
been so afraid I'd never learn to read!

I graduated from Washington Seminary in 1932
and then spent a year taking a few courses at Oglethorpe
and trying to decide what I wanted to do. In 1933 I
entered Agnes Scott firmly convinced that I wanted to
major in chemistry and minor in biology, and I'm sure
I spent a good three-fourths of the next three years
down in Science Hall. And I don't regret a minute of
it either. I may not use it much myself, but since I'm
married to a physics teacher it's wonderful to be able
to understand what he's talking about.

I probably don't have as many memories of college

[27]

to treasure as the boarders do, but I did love all of the
days I spent there very much the many trips up and
down the steps of Science Hall from the biology lab on
third down to count fruit flies in the basement. And
dusting books in the library (Miss Hanley discovered
I was a "browser" and as I had a slight knowledge of
German, French, and Spanish finally settled me to dust-
ing Italian books as she could get more work out of me
on those!). And the lunches in the Alumnae Tearoom
with Martha Summers, Nellie Margaret Gilroy and
Brooks Spivey. How we used to argue (and oddly
enough on so many of the subjects I've changed over
to their side now!). And the nights I used to spend
with Jean Austin and Giddy Erwin I remember once
we called every one of the men on the faculty at 2
a.m. and asked if they wore pajamas or a nightshirt.
How did we ever have the nerve?

After I graduated in 1937 I went to work for the
Telephone Company as a service representative. As
Martha Summers, Nellie Margaret Gilroy and I all were
in the same office almost all the time I was there I had
a wonderful time, and it was excellent experience. A
service representative gets about as good a view of a
cross section of the people of a city as anyone can and
learns (or at least tries to) to handle them all tact-
fully. Also after you have listened to all four members
of a four-party line shout at one another simultaneously
well, you've heard a lot of things you never heard in
college. I had become a student adviser for the com-
pany in 1942 when I married Mac Williams. He was
an infantry lieutenant at that time and we started the
usual army trek from post to post. I think we made
six trips to Texas and back four of them with our
twin girls, Martha and Katherine. They started travel-
ing at the ripe old age of
four months!

When the girls were 18
months old Mac, who was
a major by this time, was
sent to Europe with his
regiment and I came home
and rented a house. I'm
sure any of you who were
war wives can fill in the
next couple of years for
me. We got along very
well (except that I never
did learn to NOT let the
furnace fire die out) and

were really blessed in having a comfortable place t
wait out the two years Mac was overseas.

Since he got home in August of 1946 we have beei
as busy as four beavers! We have bought a rather ol
house and are redecorating it ourselves. Mac scrapes of
the old wallpaper (I help but he's much better at it)
then we both paint woodwork and he papers the roon
(you should see us do the ceilings!). I'm making al
the draperies, slipcovers, etc., and we hope it all wil
turn out as beautiful as we've imagined it. Oh, yes
we are also refinishing some old furniture too, and i
has almost made us into antique lovers. I make all th<
girls' clothes and my own. Mac is a "tinkerer" (to pu
it in his own words), and he does all of our fixing anc
repairing. His next project is to make cornice board
for the windows.

That probably sounds as if we work all the time bul
nothing could be farther from the truth. We both reac
a great deal we take Coronet, National Geographic
Time, Ladies Home Journal, Good Housekeeping, anc
The American Home plus Mac's school, scientific, anc
military magazines. I usually manage to get through al
of them except the Geographic and someday I'm going
to catch up on it! I guess I average about two books a
month and the past year liked best David the King,
Peace of Mind and The Way of All Flesh (which 1
somehow bypassed earlier) .

I don't find time to take an active part in any clubs
but I do manage to get to the church Missionary Circle,
Parent-Teachers Association meetings and an occasional
Agnes Scott Alumnae Club meeting. Mac and I both
take an active interest in our Sunday School class, the
William Elliot Class at Druid Hills Presbyterian, and
go to most of its meetings and parties. We both like to
travel, and as his teaching gives us a lot of vacation time
we do as much as we possibly can. Last summer we
spent in Boston, where he attended summer school. Ovei
weekends we managed to tour the coast from Province-
town up as far as Bath, Maine. We also went up into
New Hampshire to the White Mountains. We wanted
to camp out ofren but didn't have the equipment; so
this winter wc bought a Higgins Camp Trailer and
can hardly wail for spring vacation to try it out before
we go camping this summer.

This past fall I started writing some articles for The
Atlanta Journal on low-cost food budgets and hope to
be able to do a few from time to time as it is a subjec:
I find terribly interesting. I love to cook and feel that

[28]

he field of inexpensive cookery has been really neg-
ected. My Journal articles drew the attention of Life
vlagazine, which published quite a spread about what
was doing. This attention was not only unexpected
nd flattering but very exciting. The letters which I
lave received from all over the country (one even came
rom Holland) have been tremendously interesting even

though they did keep me pretty busy for awhile, trying
to answer each one each one with its own particular
budget problem!

I guess it wouldn't be possible for my life to get any
more completely filled than it is now. It probably isn't
round, though. It's so full it must have bulges all
around!

EED ANALYSIS-

HICHLY SPECIALIZED CAREER

The only woman in Memphis who carries on such
career and one of the few in the South who do,
.ouise Capen Baker '27 analyzes seed for farmers and
eed companies from 13 Southern states, testing it for
turity, weed content, germination average, and free-
lom from foreign matter. Interest in such work arose
fter she studied biology at Agnes Scott and met her
lusband-to-be at Emory, where he was also studying
he subject.

Louise trained as a neurological assistant in New
^ork City before she went to Memphis in 1932 and
tudied further at Southwestern. Finding that there
vas nothing in the South in the way of a commercial
eed-testing laboratory, she decided to enter the field,
.ouise explains that one has to go back to the basic
mowledge of farming to understand her business. Be-
ore seeds are planted by most farmers or sold by seed
ompanies, a sample of them is sent to a seed analyst
vho tests for impurities and gives a report on the po-
entialities of the seed.

Most of Louise's analyzing consists of testing oats,
oybeans, cotton, vetch, lespedeza, and other vegetable
eed. She works nights and Sundays and fourteen hours

a day during the rush season, which lasts from Christ-
mas to Easter. But every season of the year is a busy
one for a seed analyst. In her highly specialized career,
she employs three assistants working all the time and
three who work part time.

She does not ask for business and neither does she
advertise. Somehow, though, seed testing samples from
customers known and unknown find their way to her
door.

Another career which keeps Louise busy is her own
family of three children, two girls and a boy. Her
hobby is herpetology. She has taken courses in the habits
of reptiles at the American Museum of Natural History
in New York.

Her husband, Clinton L. Baker, leads the way in
this field, however, through his position as head of the
biological station at Reelfoot Lake. He is also head of
the Department of Biology at Southwestern.

In recognition of her successful testing of seeds..
Louise has been made a member of the Commercial Seed
Analysts' Association of North America. She is the
Southern legislative representative for the association.
She is also a member of the AAUW.

[29]

VISUAL AIDS USED
TO TEACH SCOUTING

by Martha Jane Smith '26

Director of Visual Education Service

Girl Scouts of the United States of America

Visual Education is a new field, and one that wom-
en are entering with enthusiasm. For the last 10 or 15
years, visual aids have been successfully used in industry
to train employees, in advertising to impress consumers,
in the more progressive classrooms to teach students.
The greatest of all teaching experiments with visual
aids, however, has been in Uncle Sam's Army and Navy.
The techniques used by the Army and the Navy were
not in themselves new, but the intensity of applica-
tion to teaching was. From movies, magazines and ad-
vertising; from animated cartoons and comic strips;
from top-flight educators and psychologists, and even
kindergarten sand tables, the armed forces adopted
whirlwind techniques for training ten million men in
the best and fastest way they could discover. Experi-
mental evidence offers so much to support the use of
visual aids that the question is not "Can we teach the
G. I. way?" but "How soon can we develop good visual
aids to use?"

This practice is reaching into all phases of educa-
tion. In the National Girl Scout Headquarters, we have
recently set up a Visual Education Service to produce
visual aids to tell the Girl Scout story to our own mem-
bership and the public. We need the visual and mass
media to reach our ever-growing membership now a
million and a quarter and the many public-spirited
people who are interested in the Girl Scout movement.
We are beginning to make plans for exchange of films
with other countries. The U. S. State Department is
distributing one of our films through its Overseas In-
formation Service in 30-odd countries.

This year we will make a documentary film of the
World Conference of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts at
Cooperstown, New York. Another film, "This is Girl
Scout Camping," and a 3 5 mm trailer for distribution
in theatres and several slidefilms to teach volunteer
board members about their jobs are being produced. We
keep three or four films in different stages of pro-
duction.

Production of a professional 16mm educational filr
ranges over a period of six months to one year. First
comes the research and planning stage, then the script,
selection of locations, cast and properties for each scene,
the photography, cutting and editing of film, recording
the sound track, quantity printing, distribution and
promotion. It is about as hard work as one can find
not one bit glamorous! I am not sure what keeps the
Visual Education people
working with such zeal
except the conviction that
the film has tremendous
power as a medium of
mass education and per-
suasion.

Before I became inter-
ested in Visual Education
five years ago, I worked
in Charleston, West Vir-
ginia; Honolulu; Tacoma,
Washington; and in New
York City at the National
Girl Scout Headquarters. Between jobs and during
vacations I travelled to China and Japan, Europe,
Alaska, Panama, and Bermuda. These migrating and
wanderlust habits have helped me to understand my
own country better, and other countries a little too.
Just now I am reading and studying about India, and
expect to visit friends in Lucknow, and South India,
next year.

Naturally, I wonder how much Agnes Scott has
changed, but I feel sure the changes are good ones as
long as "Dick" Scandrett is there as dean. The students
are very lucky to have her. I sat at Dick's table during
my freshman and sophomore years. Her infectious
laugh and friendliness always kept us in high spirits
and small calamities in perspective.

Then, I wonder if any freshman class ever had as
clever a musical show as ours. We won the Black Cat

[30]

with such ease! I can still see Edith Coleman singing
and dancing to "Sittin' on the Inside, Lookin' on the
Outside" in her striped suit. The girls who wrote it
were so clever, so smart! Agnes de Mille, Moss Hart,
and Oscar Hammerstein's Broadway shows never seemed
to measure up to our Agnes Scott production.

Do all the freshmen study as hard now as our class
did except the girls who prepared at the Pape School
in Savannah, and Girls' High in Atlanta? They man-
aged to make A's without effort, while the rest of us
put in "a minimum of three hours' preparation" for
each class. They could even write "familiar essays" in
Miss McKinney's class and never misplace or omit a
comma. Not until sophomore year did they join
the ranks of hard-working students with the rest of us.

Do they post telephone calls and special delivery
letters so all can see? And do the girls carry all the
Georgia Tech and Emory fraternity telephone numbers
in their heads? Those abstract symbols were the clues
to the higher mathematics of boy-meets-girl, and Ella's
bulletin board was one of the most magnetic attractions
on the campus.

Are students now expected to study 6 to 10 text-
books for history, biology, etc., instead of one or two?
Do they still have large numbers of textbooks in the
library so they are always available for reading and
study? One of the real contrasts between Agnes Scott
and several other colleges and universities where I have
attended is how little reading and study is actually ex-
pected of students elsewhere, how little study is re-
quired to make the "upper quartile." Agnes Scott
taught us a lot about the importance of developing good
work habits, organizing work, being able to work under
pressure, making the best use of time and insisted that
this be done. I hope this form of inner discipline is still
making inroads on the collegiate minds in Main Hall.

Then, too, on the serious side, I hope the student
government is as real a part of Agnes Scott as it used
to be. Having had a very free and independent child-
hood with the gentle discipline of loving aunts and rela-
tives around me, the honor system at Agnes Scott did
not seem unusual at the time. Only later did I realize
what a big success it had been, and now I feel it is one
of the big contributions a college can make.

All in all, Agnes Scott was a very happy time. I
shall not worry about students' not having all the good
things we had as long as Dick Scandrett is there. Some-
how, I know she will keep the big and little things in
proper perspective.

ALUMNAE PRESS ISSUE
FOR NEGRO OCCUPANTS
OF RICHMOND SUBURB

By Page Ackerman '33

Just around Christmastime in 1946 Richmond citi-
zens were reading newspaper accounts of the plight of
a small group of colored citizens living on a tract of
land called Westwood, recently annexed from Henrico
county by the city of Richmond. At the time of annex-
ation these Negroes had been promised city utility serv-
ice in return for the taxes they would have to pay; five
years later they were still enduring the hardships of
winter without running water, sewer disposal facilities,
or gas lines. To add to their burden the city health
officer had condemned their wells, and many had to
walk over a mile in snow and ice to draw water at a
hydrant. Although no one disputed their right to city
service, all attempts to get it had failed against the
opposition of a small group of interested real estate men
anxious to keep the Negro population in the Westwood
tract from growing and property values from falling.

When the Agnes Scott Alumnae Group met February
22, the Westwood question came up during the dis-
cussion of possible activities for the coming year. The
group as a whole decided against any formal type of or-
ganization, but one member volunteered to act as un-
official secretary, keeping the membership informed of
civic affairs in which they might want to take a hand.
As a result several members followed the progress of the
Westwood controversy faithfully. Harriet Williams
'30, Mary Junkin '28, Rachel Henderlite '28, Margie
Wakefield '27, Carrie Lena McMullen Bright '34 and
others attended council meetings and other public
meetings for what seemed like years until the City
Council was persuaded by the sheer weight of public
opinion to provide the minimum essential public
utilities for the citizens of Westwood. Although
only a few of us were involved, we spoke for other mem-
bers of the club, and we are proud to have had a share
in the result.

We learned things about the organization and op-
eration of our city government that we should have
known long ago, things that made us understand how
difficult it is for the private citizens or group of citizens
to initiate legislation and get it through the political

[31]

mill in the form of action. We learned what time and
patience it takes to attend meetings week after week,
and how difficult it is not to grow bitter and discour-
aged and impotent in the face of political bargaining
and complete disregard for principle. Most important,
we learned a lesson in dignity and restraint from the
Negroes who appeared in behalf of their fellow-citizens
at Westwood.

CAMPUS NEWS

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Above: Robert Frost with a group of students in
the Alumnae House. Right: The poet and Dr. McCain
walking past the Library, the Gymnasium in the
background.

Lecture Series Offers
Variety To Campus

Lecture Association brought to the campus this year
an even wider variety of presentations than usual. Kurt
von Schuschnigg, chancellor of Austria in 1938 when
Hitler marched into that country, and a survivor of
years in Nazi prison camps, spoke last fall on "The
Problems of Central Europe." In January, Vera Dean,
director of research for the Foreign Policy Association
and the first woman ever appointed to a full professor-
ship at Harvard, discussed "Russia's Internal Problems"
at Agnes Scott and "The United States and Russia" at
Emory. Next came the Barter Theatre of Virginia with
Twelfth Night, to be followed in March by George

Chaffee, leading danseur and choreographer, speaking
on "The Ballet as It is Today."

Campus life was further enriched by the contribu-
tions of speakers brought through the Visiting Scholar
Fund of the University Center. Dr. William F. Al-
bright, noted Biblical archaeologist, gave three well-
attended lectures on his subject in Maclean Chapel,
Presser Hall and promptly went abroad again to make
new discoveries which were reported in the national
press. Dr. Merle Eugene Curti came from the Univer-
sity of Wisconsin for an evening lecture on "American
Civilization in the World Perspective" and for several
talks to Agnes Scott history classes. Under the spon-
sorship of the Art Department was the visit of Dr.
Thomas Munro of Cleveland, who presented an illus-
trated discussion of "Some Relations Between the Arts."
Robert Frost, too, returned to the campus as a visiting
scholar for a lecture, conferences, and pleasant reun-
ions with friends on the faculty.

Stephen Spender accepted an invitation to come in
April, his four-day stay made possible by English

[32]

Department funds.

As Religious Emphasis Week speaker, Dr. Donald
Vliller, professor of Biblical literature at Union Theo-
ogical Seminary in Richmond, repeated his success of
ast year in a series of chapel talks and conferences.

The membership of Agnes Scott faculty members in
he newly-formed Atlanta Society of the Archaeologi-
;al Institute of America brought Dr. D. M. Robinson,
enowned classical archaeologist, for an illustrated lec-
;ure in Maclean. Dr. Anderson M. Scruggs, Atlanta
>oet, spoke informally at the opening of the annual
>ook exhibit in the Library.

ludent Productions
ividence Ambition,
)kill This Season

Ambition and competence characterized this year's
:ampus productions by students under faculty direction.

Blackfriars gave as its first major production of the
eason Fashion, a nineteenth-century hit by Anna Cora
vlowatt. Roberta Winter's direction kept the perform-
nce delicately balanced on the brink of the farcical as
nembers of Blackfriars and male recruits from De-
:atur and Atlanta maintained commendably straight
aces in their dated roles. The Trojan Women was
cheduled early in April, with two intense one-act
Iramas rounding out the season.

The Mikado was the Gilbert and Sullivan choice for
the year, presented by the glee clubs of Agnes Scott and
Georgia Tech. Helen Currie '47 came down from Juil-
liard to sing Katisha, and Professional Warren Lee
Terry arrived a week before the performance to direct
final rehearsals and take the part of Ko Ko. Second in
importance on the Glee Club's program was the Christ-
mas carol service in December.

Swan Lake was performed in its entirety, for the
first time in America by the College Dance Group,
and May Day began to take shape in the Gym late in
March.

The Music and Speech departments joined in present-
ing a series of chapel pro-
grams through the year,
with choral and individual
readings and vocal and
instrumental music. The
Art Department sched-
uled six exhibitions: mod-
ern French prints, illustra-
tions for children's books,
modern American home
architecture, Japanese
prints, Mexican water-
colors, and the late-spring
display of student art.

A scene from SWAN LAKE, given by the Dance Group this spring. Above, right: Sarah Finley Rogers '49 as
Odette.

[33]

Changes on Campus Include
Experimental Absence System

Among changes on the campus this year, the experi-
mental adoption of a system of voluntary class absence
stood out. The old cut system was discontinued in favor
of one giving the student responsibility in class at-
tendance, with the hope that the new plan would be an
improvement upon that allowing a set number of cuts
which some students had felt themselves bound to take.
There is no official report on results yet, but the gen-
eral opinion seems to be that student response to the
additional demand on maturity has been excellent.

Student Government early in the year began a cour-
ageous analysis of the honor system, with the intention
of clarifying the phase involving responsibility for
others. After a conference with Dr. McCain, student
leaders conducted chapel programs to this end, empha-

sizing that the "responsibility" clause did not dictate
the reporting of other students' deviations but directed
that students help each other to observe the system in
what seemed to them the best way.

Second-quarter freshmen and sophomores received a
boon in the form of a new Student Government regu-
lation permitting freshmen to double-date in cars with-
in a specified area including Emory, Georgia Tech, and
some points in downtown Atlanta, and sophomores to
single-date in cars until 1 1 p.m.

Mortar Board devised a new method of announcing
its new president, with a view to eliminating the usual
mysterious withdrawal from nomination lists at the

At top of page: Scenes from THE MIKADO.
Above: A courtly passage in FASHION. Right: The
water pageant.

[34]

time of student elections. Doris Sullivan '49, sister of
Louise Sullivan Fry '40, was escorted over the campus
by the active chapter early in March, accompanying the
members on their customary serenading tour, in token
of her election to the presidency for next year. Student
elections followed late in March and announcement of
the rest of the chapter was made early in April.

LIFE, SALLY SUE SWAY
DAUGHTERS OF ALUMNAE

National notice of various kinds, both direct and
indirect, came to the Col'ege in the course of this year.

A full-page color photograph in a December issue
of Life magazine showed four Agnes Scott students
in evening dress on the steps of an Emory fraternity
house. This picture, the end result of several visits
and hundreds of shots by Life photographers on the
campus and in its vicinity, caused the eleven-year-old
daughter of at least one alumna to decide definitely
that Agnes Scott was the place for her.

Another alumna daughter, about the same age, was
confirmed in her resolution to come to Agnes Scott
by the success of Sally Sue Stephenson '46 as a photog-
rapher's model in New York. Aspiring to be a model,
she was not certain Agnes Scott could make her one
until her mother happened to mention her doubts in

a letter to the Alumnae Office and was sent full
information regarding Sally Sue's appearance on three
magazine covers in rapid succession.

We have not succeeded in obtaining definite data
on the effect of a tribute to Agnes Scott by Phil

Left: The Cotillion Club formal in the Gym last
November. Top: Dr. McCain as Diamond Jim, sur-
prise hero of Junior Joint. Above: Would you rec-
ognize this as the Gym? Juniors decorated it thus for
the Joint.

[35]

Spitalny and his All-Girl Orchestra in a nationwide
broadcast in November, but we are confident that
his gracious dedication strengthened many another
alumna's hand in college discussions with her daughter.
At present we are awaiting questions from pros-
pective students who wish to become writers. A short
story in The Saturday Evening Post by a member of
the English Department (see The Faculty) and a poem
in Good Housekeeping by Marybeth Little, of Wichita
Falls, Texas, a senior, are the ammunition we are
saving for such inquiries. Marybeth, incidentally, is
the campus versatility champion this year: she spent a
month in New York as guest editor of Mademoiselle's
college issue last summer, she is an honor roll student,

she writes for Aurora and The Agnes Scott News, she
sang the soprano lead in The Mikado in February,
she is president of the Lecture Association and a
member of Mortar Board, and she has just been elected
May Queen for 1948. As chapter reporter for Mortar
Board, she wrote an article on Eliza King Paschall '3 8,
president of the Alumnae Association, which appeared
in the March issue of The Mortar Board Quarterly.
By coincidence, Eliza had written one about her for
The Atlanta Journal Magazine last fall.

Two of Marybeth's classmates, Virginia Drake of
Fort Myers, Florida, and Jean da Silva of Atlanta, are
carrying on at least part of her tradition by writing
for Mademoiselle as College Board members this year.

ALUMNAE RELATIVES AT AGNES SCOTT

When the time came to gather the names of Granddaughters for the Quarterly this year, the Alumnae
Office decided to add those of present students who had sisters, aunts and cousins among the alumnae as well. The
necessary research, which was considerable, was done by the Office of the Dean of Students. Since there is no
official record to show unfailingly the family relationships between students and alumnae, except in the case of mothers
and daughters, this list may not be complete and may even be inaccurate in one or two instances. In future years,
perhaps, the Alumnae Office can extract from incoming classes an account of their alumnae ancestry. A beginning
must be made somewhere, however, and here it is. Of a total enrollment of 540, forty-three students are daughters of
alumnae and sixty-two are otherwise related:

STUDENT MOTHER

Nancy Anderson '51 - Esther Nisbet Anderson '29

Jane Barker '48 Mary Evelyn Arnold Barker '24

Celeste Barnett '51 Mary Ficklen Barnett '29

Elizabeth Blair '48. Eddith Mae Patterson Blair '21

Ruth Blair '48 __ Eddith Mae Patterson Blair '21

Julia Blake '49 Frances Sledd Blake '19

Flora Bryant '48 Ruth Hall Bryant '22

Esther Cordle 'SI ..Minnie Lee Clark Cordle '23

Cama Clarkson '50 Cama Burgess Clarkson '22

Julia Ann Coleman '48 Julia Heaton Coleman '21

Julia Cuthbertson '51 Julia Hagood Cuthbertson '20

Marie Cuthbertson '49 Julia Hagood Cuthbertson '20

Andrea Dale '51 Alice Beck Dale, Institute

June Davis '49 Margaret Brown Davis '19

Sarah Davis '51- Margaret Brown Davis '19

Adele Dieckmann '48 _ Emma Pope Moss Dieckmann '13

Elizabeth Dunn '48- Clara Elizabeth Whips Dunn '16

Grace Durant '48 Grace Harris Durant '15

Louise Durant '49 Grace Harris Durant '1 5

Sally Ellis '49 Florence Day Ellis '16

Carol Equen '48 Anne Hart Equen '21

STUDENT MOTHER

Betty Jane Foster '51 Margaret Leyburn Foster '18

Claire Foster '50 Gussie Lyons Foster, Academy

Margaret Glenn '50-- - Hattie Finney Glenn '19

Christine Hand '51- Christine Turner Hand '25

Mary Emilie Heinz '49 ._ -Julia Green Heinz, Academy

Nan Honour '49 Florence Moriarty Honour '26

Charlotte Key '51__ Frances Stuart Key '23

Lorton Lee '49 Lidie Whitner Lee, Academy

Caroline Little '49 : Aimee Glover Little '21

Emily Elizabeth Mayor '48 Eunice Dean Major '22

Mary Manly '48 Mary McLellan Manly '22

Marie Milikin '51 Elizabeth Baker Milikin, Institute

Phyllis Narmore '5 Nancy Lou Knight Narmore '27

Reese Newton '49 Maryellen Harvey Newton '16

Mary Frances Perry '49. Emily Arnold Perry '24

Barbara Quattlebaum 51 Helen Burkhalter Quattlebaum '22

Zollie Saxon '48 Zollie McArthur Saxon '14

Jenelle Spear '51 Frances Spense Spear '24

Marjorie Stukes '51 Frances Gilliland Stukes '24

Anne Treadwell '48 -Lillian Osmer Treadwell, Academy

Mary Allen Tucker '51 Dorothy Allen Tucker '21

[36]

STUDENT MOTHER

Ann Williamson 'SO Catherine Montgomery Williamson '18

STUDENT ALUMNA

Mary Aichel '49, sister of Louisa Aichel Mcintosh '47

Matilda Alexander '49, sister of Vicky Alexander '46

Mary Ann Barksdale 49, cousin of Virginia Barksdale '47

Josephine Barron '49, sister of Aloe Risse Barron Leitch '34,

and Ailene Barron Penick '42

Louisa Beale '49, sister of _ Glassell Beale '47

Eleanor Bear '49, sister of _ Teddy Bear Moore '46

Charity Bennett '51, sister of Dale Bennett '47

Betty Blackmon '49, niece of- Myrtle Blackmon '21

Margaret Brewer '49, cousin of Margaret Mary Toomey Hames '42

Mildred Broyles '49, sister of Charlotte Broyles '47

Jessie Carpenter 'SO, sister of _ Liz Carpenter Bardin '45

Bobbie Cathcart '49, sister of Margaret Cathcart Hilburn '44

Barbara Cochran '49, sister of Harriette Cochran '41

Julianne Cook '49, niece of Mary Gladys Steffner Kincaid '29

Leonora Cousar '49, sister of Hansell Cousar Palme '45

Louise Cousar '48, cousin of _ Hansell Cousar Palme '4 5

Andrea Dale '51, sister of Edith Dale Lindsey '42

and Margaret Dale '45

Alice Davidson '48, cousin of Bee Bradfield Sherman '42

Amelia Davis '48, sister of -Eleanor Davis Scott '46

Anne Elcan '48, cousin of-- Mary Lightfoot Elcan Nichols '42

Sallie Ellis '49, sister of Florence Ellis Gifford '41

and Kate Ellis '47

Kate Elmore '49, niece of- ._ Lucy Durr Dunn '19

Carol Equen '48, sister of- Anne Equen Ballard '45

Annie Malone Erwin '51, cousin of -Mary Munroe '45

Barbara Franklin '49, sister of Annette Franklin King '40

Lydia Lee Gardner '50, sister of Louise Gardner Mallory '46

Katherine Geffcken '49, cousin of Jeanne Robinson '45

Margaret Glenn '50, sister of- ._ -Betty Glenn Stow '45

Louise Hertwig '51, cousin of Barbara Hertwig Meschter '37

Ellen Hull '51, niece of Martha Shanklin Copenhaver '30

Martha Humber '48, sister of. Anna Humber Little '3 5

Henrietta Johnson '49, niece of... Pauline Smathers '19

Beth Jones '48, sister of Rosemary Jones Cox '47

Virginia Kay '51, sister of Kittie Kay Pelham '45

and Sara Kay '47

STUDENT ALUMNA

Anne Louise Kincaid '51, sister of Barbara Kincaid Trimble '46

Barbara Lanier 'SO, sister of June Lanier Beckham '44

Lillian Lasseter '50, cousin of Florence Lasseter Rambo '37

and Martha Ray Lasseter '44

Adele Lee '51, sister of _ Anne Lee McRae '46

and Katherine Lee '49

Lorton Lee '49, sister of _ Lidie Lee '47

Mary Louise Mattison '51, sister of Marguerite Mattison '47

Jane Todd McCain '50, sister of Sara McCain McCollum '39

and Irene McCain '45

Catharine McGauly '51, niece of -Annie Chapin McLane '12

Sarah Allen McKee '51, sister of Elizabeth McKee Gerdine '39

Dorothy Medlock '50, sister of Betty Medlock '42

Dorothy Morrison '49, cousin of Mary Brown Mahon '47

Phyllis Narmore '50, niece of Ada Knight Hereford '29,

Eloise Knight Jones '23,

Evelyn Knight Richards '29,

and Genevieve Knight Beauclerk '29

Mae Comer Osborne '48, sister of - Elizabeth Osborne '46

Susan Pope '48, sister of Helen Pope '46

Georgia Powell '49, sister of Celetta Powell Jones '46

and Margaret Powell Flowers '44

Elizabeth Ragland' '51, sister of Harding Ragland Sadler '46

Harriet Reid '48, sister of Louise Reid '46

Ruth Richardson '48, sister of- JMary Richardson Gauthier '3 6

Joyce Rives '50, sister of Olive Rives '40

Louise Sanford '51, cousin of- Gene Slack Morse '41,

Julia Slack Hunter '45,

and Ruth Slack Roach '40

Mary Gene Sims '48, niece of Mary Stuart Sims McCamy '25

Miriam Steele '49, sister of. Frances Steele Gordy '37

Edith Stowe '49, cousin of .Belle Stowe Abernethy '30

Doris Sullivan '49, sister of Louise Sullivan Fry '40

Sally Thomason '51, sister of -June Thomason Lindgren '47

Sarah Tucker '50, sister of Frances Tucker Owen '42

Harriotte Winchester '49, sister of Laura Winchester '47

Joan Willmon '51, sister of Peggy Willmon Robinson '46

and Pat Willmon Thomas '48

HAVE YOU SENT YOUR REGISTER CARD ?

Full Maiden Name-
Full Married Name-
Address for Reeister-

Present Address, if different.
Class .

Use this form if you forgot to fill out the postcard sent you in March. Help make the new-
Alumnae Register complete and accurate!

[37]

The Faculty

Half a dozen members of the Agnes Scott faculty
have published writings this year, and three times that
number have attended meetings where some read
papers or led discussions in their respective fields. A
goodly proportion took part in civic activities or gave
talks before groups in Atlanta and Decatur.

Dr. William A. Calder, professor of physics and
astronomy, has organized an amateur astronomers'
group, made up largely of people outside the campus
community, which meets once a month in Science Hall.

Professor Calder (third from left) xuith members
of his amateur astronomers' group. They are making
telescopes.

Some of its members have undertaken to make their
own telescopes under his direction. The Scientific
Monthly for November contained a book review by
him, and a recent issue of Sky and Telescope men-
tioned that Harlow Shapley had spoken of Dr. Calder's
work in amateur astronomy at a national convention
last summer. The article was accompanied by a picture
of him with a group he had led at Howard University
under a Harvard project. He has spoken over an
Atlanta radio station and at a meeting in Nashville,
Tennessee.

Melissa A. Cilley, assistant professor of Spanish,
reviewed a Spanish play in the November number of

The Modern Language Journal, read a research paper
entitled "Camonologia Brasiliera" (the influence of the
poet Camoes on Brazilian literature) at the annual
meetings of the American Association of Teachers of
Spanish and Portuguese held in Detroit in December,
and was re-elected associate editor of Hispania, the
journal of the association. Her work in organizing a
group of professors and research workers interested in
Portuguese resulted in the formation of the Portuguese-
Brazilian Section of the South Atlantic Modern Lan-
guage Association for the 1947 annual meetings held
in Chattanooga in November. She led the Portuguese
Discussion Circle in one of the meetings.

Dr. H. T. Cox, associate professor of biology,
published a paper, "The Comparative Anatomy of the
Ericales, L. Eriaceae, Subfamily Rhododendroideae,"
in the January number of The American Midland
Naturalist. In April he reads a paper at the meetings
of the Georgia Academy of Science and the Southeast-
ern Biologists.

Dr. D. J. Cumming, acting associate professor of
Bible, has delivered 28 talks on missionary work since
the first Sunday in December, speaking in churches
and to Sunday schools, young people's groups and
ministers' meetings, from Pensacola, Florida, to Kings
Mountain, North Carolina. He has conducted, in
addition, four special Bible studies on Sunday evenings
in Decatur and Atlanta.

Dr. Emily Dexter, associate professor of philoso-
phy and education, was the only woman appearing on
a panel for the discussion of educational problems at
Ripon College, her alma mater, last fall. As a member
of the board of the Georgia Psychological Association
she presided at its opening meeting in November, and
until her term expired in January she was secretary of
the Atlanta Mental Hygiene Society. She has made a
number of talks to P.-T.A. and other local groups, has
taught her adult Sunday school class, has served as
financial secretary of her church, has knitted Junior
Red Cross afghans, and has arranged supper meetings

[38]

once a month for the Business and Professional
Women's group.

Dr. Florene J. Dunstan, assistant professor of
Spanish, was elected president of the Woman's Auxil-
iary to the Fifth District Medical Society, attended
a trustees' meeting at Bessie Tift College, talked to
the Decatur Woman's Club on "Atlanta as an Educa-
tional Center," and arranged programs on cancer for
Negro, rural and industrial groups.

Dr. Paul Leslie Garber, professor of Bible, was
busy through the fall quarter taking his large class in
comparative religions on Sunday visits to various
religious groups. The same arrangement held during
winter quarter with a class in Christianity. Dr.
Garber and Dr. H. C. Forman, professor of art, were
elected vice-presidents of the newly-formed Atlanta
Branch of the Archaeological Institute of America.
In the latter half of the winter quarter Dr. Garber
taught semiweekly seminars on the psychology of
religion at Emory University.

Dr. Kathryn Glick, professor of classical lan-
guages and literatures, read a paper, "Some Homeric
Devices to Show Mental Activity," at the meeting of
the Southern Classical Association in Birmingham last
fall.

Frances K. Gooch, associate professor of English,
presented speech students in several fine arts programs
in chapel, read a Christmas story in chapel at the re-
quest of students, and presented Reese Newton, a
junior and daughter of Maryellen Harvey Newton '16,
in an interpretation of Alice Duer Miller's The White
Cliffs.

Dr. Emma May Laney, associate professor of
English, attended the South Atlantic Modern Language
Association meeting in Chattanooga at Thanksgiving
and was active as a member of the Atlantic English
Club and as chairman of the night group of the DeKalb
County League of Women Voters, which now meets at
Agnes Scott each third Tuesday in the month. She
has another Carnegie grant for summer study and will
be in New York working on symbolism in the poetry
of W. B. Yeats and Dylan Thomas.

Harriette Haynes Lapp, assistant professor of
physical education, had what she calls an occasional
skirmish with a Girl Scout or Campfire Girl group,
gave a talk on posture at a neighboring high school,
and helped with Blackfriars productions.

Dr. Ellen Douglass Leyburn, associate professor
of English, had an article, "Berkeleian Elements in
Wordsworth's Thought," in the January issue of the

The Faculty
Bacon Bat

Professor Posey, Dean Stakes, Dean Scandrett, and
Professor Alexander watch and listen as Betty Cox,
wife of the associate professor of biology, plays
boogie-woogie. Other Bacon Bat entertainment in-
cluded songs rendered by Bible Professor Paid Garber
and Frances Gilliland Stakes '24.

Journal of English and Germanic Philology, and read
a paper, "Capulet and Squire Western," at the South
Atlantic Modern Language Association meeting in
Chattanooga. Other activities included meeting with
alumnae in Rome, for a Founder's Day program in
which she was speaker, and membership in the League
of Women Voters.

Priscilla Lobeck, instructor in art, has won notice
with two pictures this year. The Southeastern Art
Association selected her "Jetty Rocks" to hang in its
exhibit last fall, and "Flying Horses" was awarded
honorable mention at the annual exhibition of the
Association of Georgia Artists in March.

Dr. Mary Stuart MacDougall, professor of
biology, made the talk at the Shorter College honors
day program in March. On her program for April are
demonstrations of malaria chromosomes at meetings

[39]

of the Georgia Academy of Science, at the University
of Georgia, and the Southeastern Biologists, at the
University of Florida.

Dr. Mildred R. Mell, professor of economics and
sociology, attended the meeting in Knoxville, Tennes-
see, early in April, of the Southern Sociological Society,
of whose publication committee she is a member. She
is serving on the budget committee of the Greater
Atlanta Community Chest, has been on several com-
mittees of the Community Planning Council, and is
acting as a "resource person" on the program develop-
ment committee of the DeKalb County League of
Women Voters.

Dr. Walter B. Posey, professor of history and
political science, was discussion leader in the session on
Georgia history at the annual meeting of the Southern
Historical Association in Savannah last November.
Besides giving the Investiture address at Agnes Scott,
he has spoken to numerous civic and church groups in
Decatur and Atlanta.

Dr. Catherine Sims, associate professor of history
and political science, had an article, "The Moderne
Forme of the Parliaments of England," in The American
Historical Review for January, and wrote book reviews
which were published in The Atlanta Journal, The
Southern Packet, and The Political Science Quarterly.
She spoke on "Russia and the United States" to the
Southwest Georgia Branch of the A.A.U.W. at Albany,
and on the same topic to the Business and Professional
Women's Association of Indianapolis, Indiana. A num-
ber of talks to study clubs and church and civic groups
in Atlanta, her regular monthly book review program at
Rich's, and the leading of discussions on European his-
tory at the Savannah meeting of the Southern Historical
Association were also among her off-campus activities.

Dr. S. G. Stukes, dean of the faculty, registrar,
and professor of philosophy and education, attended
the meeting of the Southern Association of Colleges and
Secondary Schools in Louisville, and those of the Ameri-
can Association of College Deans and the Association
of American Colleges in Cincinnati, and represented
Agnes Scott at the inauguration of the president of
Mary Baldwin College in Staunton, Virginia. He was
guest speaker at the Founder's Day meeting of the
Washington Agnes Scott Club, addressed the Athens
district meeting of the Georgia Education Association,
and spoke to P.-T.A. and civic club audiences in
Decatur.

Dr. Margret Trotter, assistant professor o
English, was the autho
of two short stories pub
lished in March: "Con
fession," in the March 2(
issue of The Saturda)
Evening Post, and "Thf
Easter Singer," in Thf
Georgia Review foi
March. She attended ths
meeting of the South At
lantic Modern Language
Association in Chattanoog:
and read a paper, "An Elizabethan Scholar's Italian
Books," in its French and Italian section.

Llewellyn Wilburn, associate professor of physi-
cal education, as chairman of the Southern District of
the National Section on Women's Athletics attended
the meeting of the Legislative Board in New York
early in January and the meeting of the Southern
District of the American Association for Health,
Physical Education and Recreation in Birmingham in
February. In Birmingham she acted as chairman of
the National Section on Women's Athletics. Earlier
in February she went to Athens to assist with the
examination of basketball officials by the Georgia
Board of Women Officials.

Roberta Winter, instructor in speech and direc-
tor of Blackfriars, besides producing two full-length
and two one-act plays took, with Priscilla Lobeck of
the Art Department, a group of sixteen students to
New York for spring holidays. They went armed with
tickets to Medea, Brigadoon, and Man and Superman;
an invitation to visit Maurice Evans backstage; and
intentions to see Chinatown, Radio City, and several
museums.

Dr. Elizabeth Zenn, instructor in classical
languages and literatures, attended the meetings of the
American Philological Association, the Linguistic
Society of America, and the Archaeological Institute
of America, held at Yale University.

Dr. Catherine Torrance, professor of classical
languages and literatures, emeritus, introduced the
speakers for the Classical Section of the Georgia
Education Association at its meeting in Atlanta in
March. She and her sister, Miss Mary Torrance, are
still carrying on their successful indexing service at
their home on Clairmont Avenue.

[40]

JECROLOCY
nstitute

uiia Killian died June 8, 1947.

Men Ramspeck Thomas died in Plain-
ield, N. J., February 16.

908

Villiam Henry Whitley, husband of
dary Josephine Sullivan Whitley, died
une 28, 1947.

915

ames S. Bussey, husband of Sallie Car-
ere Bussey 'IS, and father of Sally Bus-
ey '48, died suddenly on January 30.

919

tdele Bize died in Dec
Jospital in Columbus, Ga., af
less of two years.

921

ulia Tomlinson Ingram's mother died
ast Thanksgiving.

922

!oma McCaskill Rankin of Fayetteville,
J. C, died January 13 after a short ill-
ess.

924

anice Brown's mother died during the
Christmas holidays.

925

ranees Singl'tary Daughtry's mother
nd mother-in-hw died three days apart
ast July.

1929

Villiam B. Torrance, father of Cath-
rine Torrance '29 and Mary Frances
torrace '33 and brother of Dr. Catherine
Torrance, professor of classical Ian
uages and literatures, emeritus, died
ast August in Decatur.

939

-ucy Hili Doty Davis' mother died eai 1
ast fall in Winnsboro, S. C.

1942

Susanna McWhorter's father died in Oc-
tober.

Class Neivs

Alumnae Quarterly

SUMMER, 1948

The Alumnae Association Of Acnes Scott College

Officers

Betty Lou Houck Smith '3 5

Isabelle Leonard Spearman '29

President

Araminta Edwards Pate '25

First Vice-President

Kenneth Maner Powell '27

Second Vice-President

Pernette Adams Carter '29

Third Vice-President

Jane Taylor White '42

Betty Medlock '42

Secretary

Molly Jones Monroe '37

Nell Pattlllo Kendall '3 5

Residence

Garden

Jean Bailey Owen '39

Haydin Sanford Sams '39

Mary Wallace Kirk '11

Special Events

Entertainment

Education

Virginia Wood '3 5

Trustees

Eliza King Paschall '3S

Alumna Trustee

Frances Winship Walters Inst.

Alumna Truster

Chairmen

Jane Guthrie Rhodes *3 8

Publications

Hattie Lee West Candler Inst.

House Decorations

Vocational Guidance

Frances Radford Mauldin '43

Class Officers

Staff

Eleanor N. Hutchens '40

Director of Alumnae Affairs

Emily Hicgins '45

House and Office Manager

Margaret Milam '45

Office Assistant

}etty Hayes

Tearoom Manager

MEMBER AMERICAN ALUMNI COUNCIL

THE AGNES SCOTT ALUMNAE QUARTERLY is published four times a year (November, February, April and July) by the Alumnae
Association of Agnes Scott College at Decatur, Georgia. Contributors to the Alumnae Fund receive the magazine. Yearly subscription, $2.00.
Single copy, 50 cents. Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office of Decatur, Georgia, under Act of August 24, 1912.

THE

Agnes Scott

ALUMNAE QUARTERLY

Agues Scott College, Decatur, Georgia Volume 26, No. 4

SUMMER, 1948

Next President of the College 3

The Association Elects _ S

The Association Reports 6

Herald Tribune Editor Predicts

I Married A Southerner 10

Polly Stone Buck

A Few Tenets for Tenants 12

Goudyloch Erivin Dyer

Reflections on the Physical 14

Helen Lewis Lindsley

The Children Asked for It 16

Lillie Belle Drake

Campus News 1 8

Faculty and Staff 2 2

Class News 2 6

Eleanor N. Hutchens '40, Editor

[1]

Atlanta Constitution Photo by Floyd Jillson
Foursome at the Fifty-Ninth Commencement Dr. /. R. McCain and Dr. W. M. Alston congratulate Adele
Dieckmann and Dabney Adams, the only two of 1948's 114 graduates to finish "with high honor". (For more about
their work, see Page 18.) The pair are class leaders by popular election as well: Dabney was chosen life president and
Adele secretary of 1948. Among honorary pins and keys they are entitled to wear (note some on their robes) are
those of Phi Beta Kappa, Mortar Board, and the classical language organization Eta Sigma Phi.

Editor's Notes

This issue was planned by the Publications Commit-
tee as a light Summer number containing pleasant
essays by selected humorists among the alumnae. It
has the essays (Pages 10-17), but its tone is not alto-
gether one of levity because several important events
the designation of the next president of the College,
the annual meeting of the Alumnae Association, the
retirement of Professor Lucile Alexander, the impres-
sive talk by William G. Avirett demanded report-
ing.

Similarly, it was planned to illustrate the magazine
with cutouts like the one which Art Instructor Pris-
cilla Lobeck has done for the cover. But the artist
sailed for Europe, ahead of schedule, and some good
photographs turned up besides. The chief remaining
cause for regret is that reproduceable pictures of all
the reunion classes did not come to hand.

It's all right if you like variety.

Atlanta Journal Photo by Bill Wilson

And the Hopkins Jewel Marybeth Little
shows Dr. Alston the ring awarded her as senior most
nearly meeting the ideals of the College. Her multi-
form and manifold achievements have been recorded
elsewhere in the Quarterly, insofar as the printed word
could keep up with her. (Spring Issue, Page 36; this
number, Pages 18 and 25.)

[2]

WALLACE ALSTON DESIGNATED
NEXT PRESIDENT OF COLLEGE

Dr. Wallace McPherson Alston of Atlanta has been elected vice-president and professor of phil-
osophy at Agnes Scott, with the understanding that he will succeed to the presidency by July 1,
1951, the College announced Commencement Weekend. The new vice-president will take over his
duties September 1.

Upon the retirement of Dr. James Ross McCain, head of the College since 1923, he will become
the third president of Agnes Scott in its sixty-year history of growth from a small school for girls
founded in 1889 to a leading Southern college for women.

Dr. Alston holds the B. A. and M. A. degrees from
Emory University, Atlanta, where he specialized in
philosophy; the B. D. from Columbia Theological Semi-
nary in Decatur; and the Th. M. and Th. D. degrees
from Union Theological Seminary in Richmond, Va.

He has done additional graduate study at Union
Theological Seminary in New York, at the College of
the Bible, Lexington, Ky., and at the University of Chi-
cago. Two honorary degrees have been conferred upon
him: the D. D., by Hampden -Sydney College, and the
LL. D., by Davis and Elkins College. He is a member of
Phi Beta Kappa; Omicron Delta Kappa, college leader-
ship society; Tau Kappa Alpha, forensic honorary or-
ganization; Pi Delta Epsilon, journalistic order; and
Alpha Tau Omega, social fraternity. His chief field of
study has been the philosophy of religion. Books by him
are The Throne Among the Shadoivs, published in 1945,
and Break Up the Night, 1947.

Dr. Alston, 42 years old, has had lifelong connections
with Agnes Scott, having grown up near the campus
and played on it as a boy. His mother, Mrs. Robert A.
Alston (Mary McPherson Inst.) of Decatur, is an
alumna of the college, as is his wife, the former
Madelaine Dunseith of Clearwater, Fla. He has ap-
peared as a speaker on the campus frequently. In
1946 he became a member of the Board of Trustees,
on which he still serves.

Now pastor of Druid Hills Presbyterian Church in
Atlanta, he is a former director of young people's work
for the entire Presbyterian Church, U. S. He is a con-
tributing editor of The Presbyterian Outlook and is a
member of the church's Executive Committee of Reli-
gious Education and Publication. He is one of six mem-
bers composing the Joint Committee of Student Work,
which oversees the student program of the church.

Born in Decatur and reared near the Agnes Scott
campus, the new vice-president was principal of Avon-

dale Estates (Georgia) High School for two years before
completing his graduate work and for two years taught
Greek at Columbia Theological Seminary. He was li-
censed by the Atlanta Presbytery at LaGrange, Ga., in
1931 and ordained in the Decatur Presbyterian Church.
Serving his first pastorate at the Rock Spring Presby-
terian Church in Atlanta, from 1931 to 1933, he went
next to the Maxwell Street Presbyterian Church in

-Photo by Tom O'Kelly

[3]

Lexington, Ky., where he was pastor for two and a half
years. After three years in Richmond as director of
young people's work for the whole denomination, he
went in 193 8 to Charleston, W. Va., where during his
pastorate the First Presbyterian Church increased its
membership from 1900 to 2850, erected a chapel, and
paid off a large indebtedness. He assumed the Druid
Hills pastorate in 1944.

In his four years at Druid Hills, the church has re-
ceived about 1000 new members and has launched a
long-range building program to remodel its educational
plant. Special emphasis has been placed on the program
of religious education; 12 5 men of the church have been
enlisted in visitation evangelism work; new stress has
been put upon stewardship, with $116,000 given by the
church to all causes last year; the sanctuary windows
have been completed, the sanctuary air-conditioned, and
the organ finished.

As an alumnus of Emory and Columbia Seminary, he
is expected to bring special fitness to the promotion of
the University Center in Georgia, in which cooperative
effort Agnes Scott participates with those two institu-
tions and three others.

Dr. and Mrs. Alston and their two children, Wallace,
Jr., 13, and Mary McNall, 5, will live on the Agnes
Scott campus, at 22 5 South Candler Street.

Dr. McCain will lead the College next fall into
a campaign for $1,000,000 to match an anonymous of-
fer of $500,000 made early this year. Present estimated
assets of the College total $5,250,000, divided almost
equally between plant and endowment. Agnes Scott has
conducted seven successful fund campaigns, the last two
for $1,000,000 each to match $500,000 gifts from the
General Education Board. Of expected proceeds from
the new drive, $500,000 will be added to the building
fund and $1,000,000 will go into endowment with
higher faculty salaries intended as a major item in distri-
bution of the income.

May 2 5 marked the twenty-fifth anniversary of Dr.
McCain's presidency of the College. On that day
The Atlanta Journal carried this editorial:

For 25 Fruitful Years
President of Agnes Scott

TUESDAY, May 2 5, marks the twenty-fifth an-
niversary of the election of Dr. James R. Mc-
Cain to the presidency of Agnes Scott College. Un-
der his guidance the institution has grown in

strength and stature and in the ideals of Christian
culture on which it was founded.

When Dr. McCain took the helm in 1923 the
physical plant of the college comprised 21 build-
ings and 20 acres; today it has 42 buildings on 45
acres a pattern of operating efficiency and archi-
tectural beauty. The library then numbered 10,000
vol.mes; now it has upwards of 54,000. During
this period the material assets of the college have
increased from $889,968 to $5,198,130.

Impressive as these figures are, they are only what
the Catechism calls "the outward and visible sign
of an inward and spiritual grace." The richest re-
sources of Agnes Scott are character and culture,
and fruitful lives are its all-important product. In
the last 25 years it has granted 2,282 bachelor of arts
degrees, every one of which was earned. These have
been years of restlessness in the world and of many
fads in educational theory and practice. But Agnes
Scott has gone serenely forward, holding to sound
standards and stressing permanent values. Quality,
not quantity, has been its aim. Its enrollment in
1923 was 465; now it is, designedly, only 552.
Thus the increase in facilities has meant more ad-
vantages to the individual student and a higher
level of attainment.

Such is the record of President McCain's adminis-
tration. He received the mantle of a noble prede-
cessor, the late Dr. F. H. Gaines; and he has had
the support of a gifted and devoted faculty as well
as an able board of trustees. But his has been the
vital responsibility of leadership, the burden of a
constant watch and ward, and he has risen to it in
full and splendid measure. Nationally recognized as
an educator, he has been honored as a trustee of the
General Education Board of New York, as a senator
of the United Chapters of Phi Beta Kappa and as
president of the Association of American Colleges.
Apart from Agnes Scott itself, however, his happi-
est privilege has been in serving Georgia and the
South as a wise counselor on their educational in-
terests and a courageous defender when evil politics
threatened their educational integrity.

The Journal salutes Dr. McCain on this twenty-
fifth anniversary of his presidency of a distinctive
American college and wishes for him the fulfillment
of all his generous hopes.

[4]

The Association Elects

Betty Lou Houck Smith '3 5 was elected at the annual
meeting of the Alumnae Association to succeed Eliza
King Paschall '3 8 as president. Her term, like those of
other Executive Board officers and members, is two
years.

One of Agnes Scott's best-known alumnae, the new
president is famous in Atlanta for her radio, dramatic,
and musical achievements and for her five children,
d nine to two.

Photo by Dorothy Colder

The New President Posed beside the Alumnae
Garden pool on a visit to the campus to help plan the
$1,000,000 campaign.

For two years after graduation she was enj
Little Theater work in Atlanta. Her radio career be-
gan when for a year she conducted a weekly Agnes
Scott program, "Three Girls in a Room". She went on
to act in dramatic presentations over WSB including
a soap opera. She has sung in two civic operas, "New
Moon" and "The Red Mill", and is a member of the
Peachtree Road Presbyterian Church choir. Other ac-
tivities have included the teaching of speech and danc-
ing at the YWCA and PTA work. She has served in
the past on the Executive Board of the Alumnae As-
sociation. Her husband is P. L. Bealy Smith, an out-
standing Atlanta insurance executive.

Elected to one of the Associations three vice-presiden-
cies was Pernette Adams Carter '29 of Charlotte, North
Carolina, succeeding Charlotte Hunter '29. Her experi-
ence with one of the strongest and best of Agnes Scott
alumnae clubs is expected to be an invaluable addition to
the Board, as are her personal qualifications. Jane Taylor
White '42 was reelected secretary, having gone into
office last year for a supposed two-year term which was
cut in half by a provision in the revised Constitution
to the effect that the secretary should be elected in even
years.

Eliza King Paschall, under whose presidency the As-
sociation has expanded its program and its purposes in
the last two years, will join the Board of Trustees of the
College for a term ending in 1950.

Elected to the Executive Board as committee chair-
men were: Jean Bailey Owen '39, Special Events, suc-
ceeding Letitia Rockmore Lange '3 3; Hayden Sanford
Sams '39, Entertainment, succeeding Alice McDonald
Richardson '29; Virginia Wood '3 5, Vocational Guid-
ance, succeeding Mary Green '3 5; and Frances Radford
Mauldin '43, Class Officers' Council, whose office was
given Board membership in the new revisions to the
Constitution. Three new Alumnae Club presidents will
join the Board: Catherine Baker Matthews '32, Atlanta
Club, succeeding Betty Fountain Edwards '3 5; Gene
Slack Morse '41, Decatur Club, succeeding Sara Shad-
burn Heath '3 3; and Dorothy Holloran Addison '43,
Atlanta Junior Club, succeeding Beth Daniel '45.

in

THE ASSOCIATION REPORTS

Secretary

The annual meeting of the Agnes Scott Alumnae
Association was held on Saturday, May 29, in Gaines
Chapel, immediately following the Trustees' Luncheon.

Eliza King Paschall, President, introduced Letitia
Rockmore Lange, Chairman of the Special Events Com-
mittee, who introduced the speaker for the occasion,
Mr. William G. Avirett, Education Editor of The New
York Herald Tribune. Mr. Avirett spoke most delight-
fully and interestingly on the subject, "Colleges for
Women in 1960."

Dr. McCain then presented plans for the forthcoming
financial campaign. He expressed the hope that this
may be a "relaxed" campaign, and his confidence that
alumnae will come to the aid of the College without the
necessity for high pressure methods.

Eliza King Paschall presented to Miss Lucile Alexan-
der, who retires this year, the gift of a radio from the
Alumnae Association. Dr. McCain gave to Miss Alexan-
der a silver coffee urn from the Trustees, and he ex-
pressed deep appreciation of the Trustees and the College
for Miss Alexander's many years of loyal service as stu-
dent, alumna, and professor.

Kenneth Maner Powell, Chairman of the Constitution
Committee, reported that the Constitution Committee,
together with Eliza King Paschall, had worked out cer-
tain changes in the By-Laws which they recommended
be adopted by the Alumnae Association. The following
changes, in summary, were adopted:

(1) The three Vice-Presidents elected to the Execu-
tive Board shall no longer be called First, Second, and
Third Vice-Presidents, with duties enumerated in the
Constitution. Three "unnumbered" Vice-Presidents will
be elected, whose duties shall be delegated by the Presi-
dent.

(2) Any vacancy on the Executive Board occurring
between annual meetings shall be filled by a candidate
nominated by the Nominating Committee and con-
firmed by the Executive Board, to serve during the re-

mainder of the unexpired term, rather than until the
next annual meeting.

(3) There shall be added to the list of Executive
Board members the Chairman of the Class Council and
the Alumnae Representatives on the Board of Trustees.

(4) The Publicity Committee shall be eliminated as
its work can best be handled by the Director of Alum-
nae Affairs, who handles the publicity for the College.

( 5 ) The Constitution and Nominating Committees
shall be eliminated as standing committees. They will be
specially appointed by the President when needed.

(6) The President shall appoint a House Committee
Chairman for each year rather than for each meeting.

(7) The Executive Board shall employ such staff as
is necessary for the operation of the Alumnae Associa-
tion, and specific staff members needed shall no longer
be listed in the Constitution.

(8) The collection and spending of all funds shall be
the specific responsibility of the Finance Committee
under the general supervision of the Board. The many
separate funds involved shall no longer be listed. Ap-
proval of fund-raising projects shall be given by the
Director of Alumnae Work. Specific directions for
fund-raising shall no longer be listed.

(9) In the event of the resignation of a Class Secre-
tary, the Class President shall appoint a Secretary to
fill the unexpired term. In the event of the resignation
of a Class President, the Class Secretary shall poll the
Class upon instruction of and at the expense of the
Alumnae Office.

(10) There shall be set up a Class Council, made up
of the Class officers, to advise and consult with the
Board regarding matters of mutual concern such as fi-
nance, class reunions, etc. The Chairman shall be nomi-
nated by the Nominating Committee and elected by the
members of the Alumnae Association, in even years, to
serve for two years as a member of the Board.

Nominations and elections for officers for the next
two-year period were held. Those elected were:
President Betty Lou Houck Smith, '3 5
Vice-President P'ernette Adams Carter, '29

[]

Secretary Jane Taylor White, '42

Chairman of Vocational Guidance Committee Vir-
ginia Wood, '3 5

Chairman of Entertainment Committee Hayden
Sanford Sams, '39

Chairman of Special Events Committee Jean Bailey
Owen, '39

Chairman of Class Council Frances Radford Maul-
din, '43

Betty Lou Houck Smith expressed her pleasure in
being among those to be elected in "this very presi-
dential year", and her hope that the members of the
Association would be as pleased at the conclusion of her
term.

Eleanor Hutchens, Director of Alumnae Affairs,
summarized the work of the Alumnae Association for
the year. She expressed appreciation for the energies
ind efforts contributed by so many to the work of
the Alumnae Association so that, under the inspiring
leadership of Eliza King Paschall, the year was an un-
asually successful one.

Respectfully submitted,

Jane Taylor White '42
Recording Secretary

Director

The Alumnae Office this year has built on the foun-
dations laid by Mary King and Eugenia Symms, former
Alumnae Secretary and Fund Director, whose hard
svork and imagination had prepared the Association for
i more ambitious program than it has ever envisioned
before. We believe it has been a good year: that the
wider alumnae interest they aroused has been consoli-
dated and made ready to function toward definite ends;
that the Association has strengthened its relations with
ind its services to the College; and that on the whole we
fiave advanced considerably in our endeavor to become
i highly valued tie of mutual benefit between the Col-
ege and the alumnae.

Our major project in the early part of the year was
the necessary one of raising money for the support of
the Association and its work for the ensuing months.
It was decided to emphasize an increase in the size of
the average gift, since former Fund campaigns had al-
ready pushed us to a very high level in percentage of
alumnae contributing. We realized that this decision
probably would lower the percentage, but we felt we
could still keep it better than those shown by most other

colleges and could increase the total amount given. Our
expectations proved correct. As of May first, two
months before the end of the fiscal year, almost $8,000
in undesignated gifts had been received an increase of
23 per cent over the figure for all of the previous year
and the average gift had risen from $3.63 to $5.50,
or 54 per cent, while the 20 per cent decline in number
of givers remained to be nearly cut in half by contribu-
tions from the graduating class. A special contribution
of $300 to the Fund this year, made by the father of an
alumna, will enable us to present the first Fund gift to
the campus: a visiting lecturer who will speak to the
students on the South and its problems and the role of
Southern college people in solving them.

A large part of our budget for the year was desig-
nated for the publication of the Alumnae Quarterly;
but it appeared at first that heavy increases in printing
costs might make even this appropriation inadequate.
We took bids on the work from several printing houses
and succeeded in finding one which has done very satis-
factory work within our power to pay. The Quarterly
has suffered this year as a result of the resignation of
the Publications Committee, which had planned excel-
lent issues in the past; but the Committee has now been
reorganized and is working on the Summer number. An
effort has been made by the Editor to vary the content
from issue to issue so that a wide range of interests
among alumnae would be touched. Special thought has
been given also to the interpretation of the Agnes Scott
of today to older alumnae who have lost touch with
their alma mater. A member of the Art Department,
Miss Priscilla Lobeck, has generously helped with illus-
tration and layout, and Mrs. William Calder, wife of
the Professor of Physics and Astronomy, has cooperated
vigorously in photographic work.

One of the more definite signs of increased interest
this year has been in the growth of alumnae club ac-
tivity. The office wrote in January to alumnae in about
70 cities having 1 5 or more former Agnes Scott stu-
dents and suggested that they hold informal Founder's
Day meetings centered around the annual broadcast
from WSB, records made by well-known people on the
campus, and program suggestions to be supplied by the
Association. We have had formal reports from 24 cities
telling of their meetings, and we have reason to believe
that there were more than 3 gatherings in all an
unusually large number, perhaps the largest in our his-
tory. A comparison with records from other years shows
that the 1948 meetings gave rise to more desire for or-
ganized club activity through the year than has ever

[7]

been registered before, and the Office hopes it may sup-
ply the services required to keep this interest mounting
toward constructive goals.

Committee work during the year has been most cap-
ably carried on by the various chairmen and those who
have helped them. The Education Committee, headed
by Mary Wallace Kirk, has planned an issue of the
Quarterly containing a report on the appraisal of the
College by alumnae in their answers to last year's ques-
tionnaire. This Quarterly, which appeared in February,
also announced the availability of reading lists prepared
by members of the faculty at the Committee's request.
Another service of the Committee was the drafting of a
program on local education problems for the Founder's
Day meetings.

The Vocational Guidance Committee, under the
leadership of Mary Green, planned and conducted a Ca-
reer Conference for students for which Miss Polly
Weaver, Jobs and Futures Editor of MADEMOISELLE
magazine, came South for the first time and gave ex-
tremely valuable assistance. A dozen alumnae and one
other speaker came to the campus and presented round-
tables on different kinds of jobs, giving individual con-
ferences to students after the discussions. The students
themselves rounded out the week with a skit on correct
techniques for job interviews, and we believe the Con-
ference had its intended effect in causing them to think
more definitely about their futures. The Committee was
aided in the holding of the Conference by Isabella Wil-
son, assistant dean of students, without whose help it
could not have enlisted the necessary student support or
conducted the week's program so smoothly as it did.

The Class Officers' Council, formed last year with
Frances Radford Mauldin as chairman, performed a
monumental task in the Fund campaign. Its members
wrote to all their classmates, both graduates and non-
graduates, urging support of the Fund, and thus were
in large measure responsible for the success of the
drive.

Letitia Rockmore Lange, as Special Events chairman,
has done a noteworthy job throughout the year. She ar-
ranged the Founder's Day radio program, persuaded Mr.
Avirett to come down and speak to us, and made
plans for his visit and for our part in the Trustees'
Luncheon. Molly Jones Monroe, heading the Tea Room
Committee, has made frequent trips from Chattanooga,
and has worked closely and tirelessly with the Tea Room
manager to improve its facilities and extend its service
so as to keep it in operation on a sound business basis.
Alice McDonald Richardson has almost completed

another year of excellent work as Entertainment chair-
man, her chief projects being the tea for freshmen and
their sponsors in the fall and the dessert-coffee
for faculty members, seniors and their guests.
Nell Pattillo Kendall has made personal appearances as
the problems of the Garden Committee multiplied this
spring; and two new committee chairmen, Jane Guthrie
Rhodes of Publications and Isabelle Leonard Spearman of
Residence, have begun their work with energy and imag-
ination. You need not be told of the achievement of
Hattie Lee West Candler as head of the House Decora-
tions Committee; for all of you have seen the transfor-
mation of the Alumnae House brought about with new
rugs, paint, paper and upholstery. Mrs. Candler's contri-
bution has not been confined to planning and overseeing
the work of her committee; she has also fared forth and
obtained special gifts with which to finance some of
these improvements. Three of the officers of the Associa-
tion have been charged with special committee work
which they have carried out effectively: Kenneth Maner
Powell, whose labors are reflected in the proposed revi-
sions to the constitution; Charlotte Hunter, whose
group produced the slate of nominations we are to con-
sider today; and Betty Medlock, who has led the Finance
Committee in several important policy decisions in the
course of the year. Several members of the Executive
Board have met as part of the Alumnae-Student Coun-
cil, which hopes to establish an annual Alumnae Week-
end with active participation by students and faculty.
The Alumnae Office has acted as a central bureau,
clearing house, and means of implementation for the
program of the Association. Emily Higgins, house and
office manager, and Margaret Milam, office assistant,
have borne the responsibility for endless detail work of
which you may form a partial conception when you
know, for instance, that 40,000 mailing pieces went out
from the office this year and that for a single issue of
the Quarterly more than 700 address changes were
made. In addition, Emily Higgins has singlehandedly
kept the Alumnae House in operation during an un-
usually busy year for receiving visitors to the campus.
Apart from the office staff, but an essential member of
the Alumnae House crew, Miss Betty Hayes has been an
incalculable asset as manager of the Silhouette Tea
Room. Her skill and ready cooperativeness in arranging
entertainments and her constant efforts to keep the Tea
Room an interesting place to gather have enabled the
Association to do its work much better than it could
have been done without her.

As Dr. McCain has announced, the College will

[8]

launch a campaign for $1,000,000 next fall. The Alum-
nae Association, of course, has a clear duty in such an
undertaking. We are suspending our annual giving, or
Alumnae Fund, plan for two years during which the
College will take over our support and we will turn our
efforts to the campaign. We have already begun by
planning a new Alumnae Register, which probably will
be ready in the early fall and which will serve as the
chief reference book for the prosecution of the drive.
Incidentally, it will be welcomed by a great many alum-
nae who have been asking when the old one would be
replaced.

The Association owes a great debt to Eliza King Pas-
chall for her thoughtful and active leadership during
the two years of her presidency. She has set new and
higher aims for us and has worked unremittingly toward

their realization. Under her direction the Executive
Board, with Araminta Edwards Pate, Kenneth Maner
Powell, Charlotte Hunter, Jane Taylor White, and
Betty Medlock as officers, has met its problems and car-
ried us forward to maturity in the new and broader
philosophy of Alumnae Association work. This philos-
ophy, necessarily based on the plan of annual giving,
has been developed over a period of five years and has
enlisted the understanding and support of hundreds of
alumnae to whom the narrower concept of Association
functions would not appeal. It concerns itself with the
future of Agnes Scott, with the future of the independ-
ent liberal arts college, and with the future of all edu-
cation, and it demands our best thoughts and efforts as
college people in having a constructive part in the mak-
ing of that future.

HERALD TRIBUNE EDUCATION EDITOR
PREDICTS HIGHER STANDARDS IN 1960

Quality, not quantity, will be the aim and main
achievement of American colleges for women in 1960,
the education editor of The New York Herald Tribune
told Agnes Scott alumnae at their annual meeting May
29 in Presser Hall.

William G. Avirett, who came to the campus at the
invitation of the Association, made his address on "Col-
leges for Women in 1960" after a three-day, on-the-
spot study of Agnes Scott for an article to appear in
The Herald Tribune. He talked with students, faculty
members, and alumnae, read the 1948 Silhouette from
beginning to end and looked at all the pictures, and
generally enlivened the closing days of the session with
his stimulating presence.

Introduced at the annual meeting by Letitia Rock-
more Lange '33, who as special events chairman was
responsible for his coming, he expressed a faith in the
future of women's colleges as explorers of new frontiers
in liberal education. A lag in enrollment for the next
few years, he said, would be followed by an upsurge in
1960, when babies born during the war would have
reached college age. Women's colleges would then be
able to exercise a high degree of selection higher than
at present and would, he confidently declared, be wise
in choosing the kind of student best qualified for general
development.

Meanwhile, financial problems of the independent

woman's college would have mounted like those of
similar institutions for men and upon alumnae would
fall the tremendous task of keeping the alma mater
solvent and growing. Mr. Avirett praised the present-
day college woman's willingness to do "the most humili-
ating things" to enlist financial support for her insti-
tution, and to keep doggedly at the hardest work until,
dollar by dollar, the day had been saved. He pointed out
the difficulty of her college's task as compared with
the fund-raising experience of her husband's institution.
The holder of the family purse strings often gives
money to his own college without ever reflecting that
the household owes an equal debt to that which edu-
cated his wife. The speaker cited as evidence the trium-
phant announcement of an Eastern woman's college
that its alumnae, in a magnificently sustained effort,
had raised a certain sum of money an announcement
followed shortly by one from a neighboring men's
institution to the effect that routine gifts for the year
just past had amounted to a sum several million dol-
lars greater than that accumulated so laboriously by the
women.

The Herald Tribune editor said he expected to see
women's colleges adapt their curricula more closely to
the future needs of their students without sacrificing
the liberal arts. He anticipated especially, he said, an
expansion in the creative arts and further interdepart-
mental cooperation in the presentation of material.

[9]

I Married A Southerner

by Polly Stone Buck '24

(4-Uthor's emphatic note: I made this up; it is NOT
biography. )

My wife was reading in The Collected Poems of
Robert Frost.

"Aha," she said suddenly. "Here is the line that
describes my situation:

'. . . Cast away for life with Yankees . . .' " she
read aloud.

I looked up from my own book, a little shocked.

"You evidently do not understand the connotation
of the expression 'cast away'," I said.

"That looks like a good line to me," she insisted,
and we picked up our respective books again.

My wife, you see, was born below the Mason and
Dixon Line. I am not apologizing when I say this; I
am not boasting. I am facing facts. For that is what
you have to do if you are married to a Southerner:
face facts.

I married this woman with my eyes open. I knew
she was Southern. How could anyone help knowing
it? After ten years in "the frozen North" (a South-
ern expression for anywhere above Kentucky) she
still hasn't a final consonant in her vocabulary.

I hasten to say that she has never been a "profes-
sional Southerner", from which kind Heaven send us
all deliverance, but she admits that she did come North
with the prevailing Southern ideas on the subject, such
as that big gruff Northern men simply adore to hear
little Southern girls talk. She also came prepared to do
battle for the sanctity of you-all as used below The
Line: never, never, never under any circumstances
used to one person unless the family at home is under-
stood to be included in the remark.

My wife and I have tacitly agreed not to discuss
you-all in the home, having each our own ideas on the
subject, but of course questions of pronunciation and
colloquialisms do arise from time to time.

Now here is a queer thing: she thinks I am the
one with the accent! She actually said to me once,
"My family were quite dubious about my coming

North to live, for fear I might acquire a Northern
accent." In all of my life, I had never heard before of
a "Northern accent"; but I cannot seem to convince
her that we speak standard English, and that the ac-
cent is hers.

I am genuinely fond of this woman, understand,
and I am not apologizing for her, but I do occasion-
ally have to interpret for her to strangers. For in-
stance, on several occasions, I have had to leap into a
conversation and explain that when she speaks of a
respected neighbor with four children, and calls her
"Mis' Lumpkin", she is not saying Miss but Mizz,
which is the one-syllable Southern pronunciation of
the two-syllable word Mrs. I have to assure irate
waiters that when she asks in a restaurant for "sweet
milk", she is not insinuating that some of their milk
is not fit to drink, but is merely distinguishing it
from "buttermilk", a popular beverage. She says
literatewer, and temperatewer, instead of . . . 'chure,
which the rest of us, including a Mr. Webster, prefer;
John Quinsey Adams instead of Quinzey; she calls
lima beans "butter beans"; never says "potatoes", but
"Irish potatoes"; never "bread", but "light-bread."
When she reads in her Mother's letter that "the tem-
peratewer was thirty below", and I raise doubting eye-
brows over thirty below in Georgia, she explains that
this means thirty below thirty-two, not below zero. It
is all perfectly clear and simple if you have the
code book.

Southerners "carry" a person somewhere, if they
take the initiative in the expedition. A young man
will "carry" a girl to a dance, for example. "Carry me
back to old Virginia!"

One of their most picturesque expressions, and one
which always delights me with the picture it conjures
up, is of people "coming through the country."

"Did your father come up on the noon train?"

"Oh, no, he came through the country."

[10]

This means he drove in an automobile. When I
mention that "coming through the country" seems a
quaint expression, my wife retorts that it is not a bit
quainter than my saying that someone who is coming
East on a trip is going to "come on."

"These people from Cleveland," I say, "came on
around Christmastime.''

In the South, my wife tells me, "come on" is said
when you are trying to urge or hurry some one, or
when you are extending an invitation to fight.

Southern people say "in front of as we do, but
consider "in back of", which is just the same con-
struction, as bad grammar. "Behind'', they say. They
talk of stobs, of gulleys, of collards, of side meat, of
pot likker. They have one word that I cannot trans-
late: tacky. If you throw a stove south, it becomes a
rock; Southern children roll huerps instead of whoops;
Southern chickens live in kuerps instead of koops. I is
pronounced ay instead of the correct two-syllable
ay-ee.

I wonder if I can put into writing the sounds that
a Southerner makes for an informal yes and no. Un-
huh means "Yes, all right, I suppose so." Unb-un
means "No, I think probably not.'' One's ear must be
very acute to detect the difference. These sounds, if
you are not initiated, are about as intelligible as an
Indian's "ugh."

Now, we New Englanders have a clever way of get-
ting around this difference. For both of these expres-
sions, we use the one sound unh. It is non-committal.
It might mean yes; it might mean no. The only thing
it definitely means is "Yes, I am still in the room,
and I hear you." I regret to say that when a question
has been asked, and this perfectly adequate answer
"unh" given, the party of the second part in our
home sometimes goes into an absolute frenzy.

Southerners box the compass in the United States as
South, out West, up North. To them there is no East.
The East is China, Japan. We, on the other hand, speak
of the South, the West, the East, meaning ourselves
and when we have to mention it, the Middle West.

This matter of geography is a never failing puzzle
to me. Take the state of Georgia for example. Here
is a state of almost sixty thousand square miles, bigger
than the whole of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont,
Rhode Island and Connecticut put together, with a
population of over three and a half million people; and
yet it is a fact that if you get any two Georgia people
together, they always have mutual friends and relatives.

Here is my wife at any party:

She always tries honestly to pretend that she doesn't
think she is better than anybody else up here, so she
never refers to her origin, but the minute she opens
her mouth, she is betrayed, and then a fellow guest
immediately burbles, "And what part of our South-
land do you come from?"

"South Georgia.'' They never call it Georgia; always
North Georgia, or South Georgia.

And then Burbler says, "I met a nice little girl from
Georgia on my vacation one year. I can't remember
just where she lived, but her name was Mary Sue
Parker. Ha, ha! I don't suppose you would know her?''

"She is from Savannah," says my wife instantly,
"and ha, ha! of course I know her. My brother was
engaged for a while to one of her older sisters, and I
have visited in her home."

That subject of Southern relations, and their visits,
is another one that amazes any New Englander. One
drop of blood makes the whole South kin.

Behold my wife, turning, radiant, from the tele-
phone. "Who do you suppose that was?" she demands
of me. "Cousin James Herbert, calling from Baltimore.
He and a friend, and the friend's father are driving
around in New England and find they can make our
house for the weekend." The woman is actually hum-
ming as she takes down an armful of sheets from the
linen shelves.

"This is the first time I have heard of this particular
cousin," I remark. "Just where does he come in? Is he
your Aunt Mary Evelyn's or your Aunt Emma Laura's
son?" (Everybody in the South has two baptismal
names, and is called by both of them.)

"Neither. He is Cousin Ruby May's boy. Maybe you
havent heard of her either? There are so many that
probably I haven't told you of half of them yet." She
perches on the arm of my chair. "Well, Cousin Ruby
May is my stepgrandmother's (that's Grandma Dixon)
second husband's . . . (Mr. Bonnell, you know) . . .
daughter by his first wife. (We never knew the first
wife; she had been dead years when he met Grandma
Dixon.) James Herbert is her son."

"And you call that a cousin?"

"Certainly. What else?"

I can't answer that one.

"Will you tell me one good reason," I ask, "why
these people, who are not your cousins, can't go to a
hotel?"

"Why, because I wouldn't allow it, that's why! My
own flesh and blood! But of course, if you are going to
be unpleasant . . ." My wife stalks from the room.

[11]

Her "but" doesn't mean these locusts are not descend-
ing. The snap of sheets being unfolded and flung out
across the beds comes immediately from the guest room.

Cousin James Herbert and his entourage arrive. And
then it transpires that the friend's father has a college
classmate whose son has just been transferred here by
his company, so my wife gets him on the 'phone, and he
and his wife come over for dinner, too.

To be perfectly honest, I will have to admit that we
have a delightful evening. These people are all charm-
ing, full of good stories and easy conversation. If any-
body has to descend on my household, and understand
I do not admit the necessity, let it be people from the
South. They come on practically no notice. They stay
indefinitely. When they leave they overwhelm you with
warm and absolutely sincere invitations to come and
see them sometime, any time, for a long time, and bring
your friends and relations with you. They mean every
word of it. They are perfectly safe in asking me.

To go back for a minute to Mary Sue Parker, before
Cousin James Herbert's weekend interrupted me: there
is that subject I touched on there of engagements. It
seems to me that Southerners handle these in a very off-

hand manner. In the East, the announcement is made as
scon as the engagement is contracted, and the newspaper
account quite frequently ends with a statement like this:
"The wedding will take place a year from this June."
In the South, on the other hand, engagements are never
announced in the papers until about two weeks before
the wedding, because, I gather, it is uncertain until the
very last minute whether the parties are planning to be
married, or are "just getting engaged." Every Southern
girl, as well as I can make out, has been engaged at least
six times, or else she has a hare-lip.

Well, there you aie. Tnis whole North-South subject
is apparently an inexhaustible one. My advice to a per-
son with a Southern wife or friend is to take them and
love them and let them be. Don't nag at them and try
to change them. You can't, anyway. For Southerners
just are, yesterday, today, and forever, and the sooner
you realize it the better. After ten unavailing years of
trying to make my wife just like all the other women
up here, I have at last given up.

As a matter of fact, I have been wondering lately
why they don't have wit enough to try to be just like
her, God bless her!

NEW LEASES ON LIFE, or

A FEW TENETS FOR TENANTS

by Coudyloch Erwin Dyer '38

Everybody these days has a theory as to the ruling
class. Burnham can have his "Managerial Revolution";
Ortega y Gasset can have his "Revolt of the Masses";
my nomination for the class supreme in contemporary
America is the Landlady Triumphant. Compared to
the modern landlady the courtesans of France in the
days of the Louis were pallid petunias. Was Madame
de Maintenon courted with diamonds and gowns? To-
day's landlady holds out for a 1948 Buick convertible
with Grade B accessories. The less romantic type, of
course, can be won with a straight cash bonus. Did
Madame du Barry affect decisions of state? Who knows
how many able statesmen in our country may have
refused governmental positions because of failure to
find a Washington apartment?

For the benefit of those who have led sedentary
lives for the past eight years, I hereby offer a brief
excerpt from my exhaustive study entitled "The Land-
lady as a Generic Type."

The Landlady comes in assorted shapes and sizes.
Her habitat is doubtless some damp log, from which
she emerges semiannually for the renewal of leases. Let
us analyze a few specific types.

Landlady A we encountered in New York City in
1940 genuine pre-war stuff. She had a crisp-looking,
feather-cut grey hair and a briskly charming manner.
She proved to be as harmless as a bi-colored rock
python. There was the incident of the piano, for ex-
ample.

It so happened that my husband and I were just
married that year, and were operating on a budget
that would have starved two midgets. For economy's
sake, we had selected a fifth-floor walk-up apartment
in an antiquated building with a narrow stairway. As
the one splurge in our household equipment, we had
acquired a piano at an auction for $25. (This was
1940, remember). When the delivery men appeared
with it, they discovered that they could not possibly

[12]

carry it up the five flights of those narrow stairs.
Therefore, they had to resort to hoisting it up by crane
above the street and wafting it through the window.
By some strange error on our landlady's part (my hus-
band and I were both at work at the time) , it was
hoisted in through the bedroom window instead of the
living-room window. The rooms were so small that,
once it was installed, there was no moving it. Conse-
quently, the piano remained in our bedroom that en-
tire year. Its presence imparted rather an exotic flavor
to the decor the way I always imagined an opium-
den might look. For this the delivery men charged us
eight dollars.

Well, came the end of the year and a decision on
our part to move to Chicago. We decided to sell all
the furniture, and had complete success with every-
thing but the piano. We kept reducing our price; but
the bottom had dropped out of the piano market that
year, for at last we found that we couldn't even give
it away. Even the Salvation Army refused it. Possibly
the mention of the eight-dollar delivery fee was in
some subtle measure responsible for this.

Finally, the day came to move; so in our naive ig-
norance of the way of all landladies we went to tell
Landlady A the happy news that we were leaving her
a piano as a parting gift. A two-way cold chill began
to penetrate as we were greeted with the news that
for the privilege of leaving our piano as a gracious
present for the next tenants, it would be necessary for
us to leave eight dollars in the palm of Landlady A
"Should the next tenants prefer not to have a piano in
their bedroom."

At a farewell party that night votes were taken on
the various methods of disposing of the problem.
Balloting was highest for giving each guest an axe and
letting them hack the piano to bits and throw it out
the window piece by piece. Another group favoured
a huge bonfire from the kindling thus created. Some-
how, however, we could not bring ourselves to the
point of killing that big, black creature that had
shared our bedroom all year; so in the end we paid the
landlady the eight dollars and departed. Only occa-
sionally do we have a twinge when we visualize Ma-
dame A selling the piano to the next tenants for a
tidy sum, then collecting eight dollars at the end of
the year, and so on in an infinite cycle. No doubt she
has invested this money wisely, received compound
interest, and retired to Westchester by now.

In Chicago, in 1941, we encountered Type B. Land-
lady B was plump, motherly, with stringy brown hair.

(We had learned to beware of the crisp-feather-
cut white stuff). All in all, she was a good sort. Her
only failing was a quaint habit of showing prospec-
tive tenants only those apartments with Venetian blinds.
Then she kept up an animated conversation about the
advantages of the modern kitchen (the size of a Pull-
man berth), the cozy convenience of the wall bed
(descended, no doubt, from the medieval rack) and
other charms of the interior so that the rattled ten-
ants would forget to ask about the view. It was a de-
cided shock to move in with no Venetian blinds and
to face a gray wall twelve inches from the living room
windows. We found that the only way to tell whether
or not the sun was shining was to flip a coin. Then the
one who lost had to lean out of the window as far as
the waist and peer straight up. If there was a visible
reflection in the top floor window of the next-door
apartment building, the sun was out.

Type C was our first Wartime Landlady. A com-
plete dissertation could be written about this type as
an offshoot' probably a sport of nature of the basic
species. Our particular experience with Landlady C
occurred in Kokomo, Indiana a strange place indeed
for my husband to be assigned to a naval base. The
widow of a policeman, Madame C classified as an
apartment any two rooms in the upstairs of a house
furnished by a raid on the attic. We are certain, for
example, that the two horsechair chairs were not on
speaking terms with each other; and they certainly were
enemies of the orange-and-green wallpaper. After six
years, the one remaining mental picture we have of
Landlady C is her anguish over the runaway elephant.
Ringling Bros, had a circus farm a few miles from
Kokomo; and, as a matter of fact, the town was full
of retired circus freaks. One day the largest elephant
escaped from the farm and was reported wandering
happily along the banks of the Wabash. For weeks
afterward, Landlady C was obsessed with the notion
that this elephant planned to seek out her home and
destroy it. As I would go out the back door to burn
trash, she would scream after me, "Close the screen
door, Child! I don't want that elephant tracking up
my kitchen!"

Another book could be written about Type D-
the Post-war Landlady. It was after the war, in fact,
that the Landlady as a villainous archetype really came
into her own. Landlady D is the lass who, according to
the "Apartment for Rent" ads, either "Will arrange
terms" or "Will sell furniture."

"Will arrange terms" means that she has that cash-

[13]

bonus gleam in her eye. If it is outside your ethics, or
beyond your budget, to pay her $400, there is some
one else waiting in line to do so.

"Will sell furniture" is diplomatic double-talk for,
"You'd better take it, brother, or some other sucker
will get this apartment." There is a tenant, we under-
stand, who paid $500 for two rush-bottom rocking
chairs, a grass rug, a gilt-framed print of "Washington
Crossing the Delaware", the dress-form of a lady of
the Lillian Russell era, an electric hot-plate, a wooden
ice-box, and an enameled bird-cage. These gems had
been offered as "furniture" and listed glamorously as
follows: "Will sell stove, refrigerator, living-room
furniture and objets d'art."

Our personal experience in the postwar era has been
with a Landlady who has the backing of a Corporation.
She is past-mistress at a bit of sleight-of-hand known
as the Wavering Waiting-List. When my husband was
released from the Navy in 194 J, we arrived in Chicago
at the peak of the housing shortage. Veterans were
swarming in, and no emergency housing had been
prepared. We were fortunate enough to establish a
beach-head in a three-room apartment by subletting
from a friend. This apartment was part of a large de-
velopment; so we immediately put our names on the List
for a larger apartment in the "Village".

The Landlady who administers this List is a dowager
doubtless chosen for her position by the Corporation
because she has both the physique and the personality to
keep 500 housewives completely cowed. Her sleight-of-
hand with the Waiting-List, to which I referred earlier,
is remarkable. When confronted by any one of the
500 people on the List, she can reach a horny hand
deep in to a desk-drawer and draw forth a list with
that particular person's name third from the top. Never
second, never fourth, always exactly third. She never
misses.

The result, for us, has been that we have lived for
almost three years with our two children in a three-
room apartment. How we have lived and moved and
had our being in an area that no self-respecting morn-
ing-glory would consider large enough for a window-
box, will be described in detail upon receipt of a
stamped, self -addressed envelope.

At the moment we are in the process of signing a
lease with a dear little old lady who looks like the
answer to a renter's prayer: one who believes in low
rent; has no relatives waiting until she's kicked the
tenants out so they can move in; and has no desire to
sell the roof from over the heads of the trusting rent-
ers. There must be a flaw somewhere; but then, if
there is, I'll have material for another essay.

Reflections on the Physica

by Helen Lewis Lindsley '27

I have just been startled by a bathroom. You know,
ever since we were pups we have been told that our
civilization is decadent; and some citizens rise to state
that Western man has come to hate himself, uncon-
sciously, but truly. Probably you take little stock in
all that; I never have. Yet that room gave me an ugly
start.

You see, I walked into a large family bathroom,
looked around, felt oddly contented about something,
and said to myself:

"What a sweet old-fashioned bathroom!"

Then the word "old-fashioned" hit me in the head.
The place was furnished with all the best and latest
enamel, tile, and chrome. There was nothing old-

fashioned about it except that things showed. Al-
though it was clean, and even neat, no one had made
any effort to hide the signs of use to close them up
behind mirrors, bundle them into cabinets, to make
this resemble a bathroom in an empty house. So I
called it old-fashioned.

A cluttered bathroom is common enough alas! in
our generation, but it is a subject for apology. Typi-
cally, we strive to please by removing signs of use. It
is the same with our kitchens. The swankier new
kitchens, I notice, may look like a bar, a breakfast room,
a den, a laboratory, or a clinic like anything except a
kitchen. Why? Kitchens have always been pleasant
places in their own right. Further, if my kitchen looks

[14]

its part too boldly, I am likely to apologize. Again why?
Of course cabinets are convenient, making neatness
easier, and that is a good reason for wanting and hav-
ing them; but it is no reason for apology because
they are lacking. If I have to work harder, that is
nobody's pain but my own. No, we appear to feel
some peculiar obligation to remove the signs of use
in those rooms in the house that are particularly dedi-
cated to the care of our physical selves. Could it be
that we really have become ashamed of being animals,
that we no longer truly enjoy our physical being and
wish to avoid reminders of it?

If so, why? Are we monks? I assure you that I
can see no evidence of austerity in our current trends.
Maybe dandies, then? Aha, that's it!

Of course, fops are as old as monks maybe older
and the race has not decayed, too much. The natural
functions have taken care of themselves; field, bed,
cradle, table, and cup, have had their due. In the
past, however, foppery was necessarily limited to the
richer few; the generality of mankind was simply not
equipped to set up in that business. Now much prog-
ress has been made; almost everybody is equipped,
right down to the green nail polish. Almost all of us
have come to the happy day when we can afford to
find our simple selves offensive.

Do we? I don't know; but take a look at those
natural realms of life again: the field, as compared to
its former place in the economy and especially in the
social order; the bed, delayed, possibly rejected, certain-
ly unstable; the cradle; the table in a restaurant; the
cup, changed from soothing to restless.

The idea leads off in all directions. If there is any-
thing in it, if our bathrooms and kitchens are really
symptoms, the thing could have serious results. You
may predict them more skilllfully than I, but I figure
them this way:

First, we would be enslaved to our bodies their
looks, their whims, their needs. True, that sounds un-
reasonable, but only at first; for a genuine loathing,
no less than affection, will surely enslave the attention.
Worse, we can't get away from the things, and live;
the body we have always with us. If we cannot like
it as it comes, then we simply must try to fix it up,
disguise its functions. The body becomes a black-
mailer and an obsession. So, men-ashamed-of-them-

selves would probably develop great interest in glamor,
athletic sports, bathing beauties, diets and gourmet
touches, check-ups, moral "freedom" and, above all,
material security. If we have to hate the brute, we are
honor-bound to feed him. It is a special obligation.

Second, I think that we would lose our grip upon
"the higher things" those social and spiritual graces
which we are accustomed to regard as separate from,
and higher than, our animal routine. To me, the rea-
son is simply that the higher things are the good fruits
of animal being. If the eater must rely upon his
stomach, so must the artist rely upon his eye, and the
prophet upon his mystic awareness. Yet, if the higher
things are fruits of the body, why are the fruits some-
times lacking? Bed and board, for example, may pro-
duce family happiness or they may produce nothing
better than Reno. Perhaps it is this: The body will
function in any case, but the functions will produce
good fruit under three conditions only: the functions
must be accepted as stuff of lite; they must be re-
spected; and they must be enjoyed. Belittle them as un-
fortunate necessity or hindrance, trifle with them, en-
dure them shamefacedly, and they will prove a labor
without harvest. Offended, the body which gave will
take away again.

If that be tenable though in need of expansion and
qualification, I grant you then men-ashamed-of-them-
selves would gradually lose the "higher things." The
art of conversation would languish, the other arts would
grow fretful and self-conscious, private discipline and
public virtue would weaken, diplomacy would grow
sick, liberties would shrivel, and all faiths would be
called into question.

Yes, a bathroom can lead off in many directions.
I do not know, but it could be it just could be
that we might take more pride in our simple wayworn
selves, a franker pleasure in this flesh which we share
with all of God's children. Then perhaps we could
escape any cruel or historically unusual compulsion to
glamorize and camouflage. No doubt we would have
more time to adorn our souls.

I do not know, but this I do know: it is necessary
at this point that I go in and clean up the family bath-
room. Assuredly it will be cluttered, but for once I
shall not mind. We live here, and I think I like it.

:n]

When the Publications Committee heard that
Lillie Belle Drake had been taking busloads of high
school students to Mexico, it asked her to write
for the Quarterly the hilarious experiences its
members were sure she must have had. She calm-
ly ignored this rather obvious suggestion and com-
posed a far more interesting account: a description
of her campaign to start Spanish and Latin classes
in high school where nobody felt the need for them
and when she herself was teaching in the ele-
mentary grades. Here it is. The author will join
the Agnes Scott faculty in the fall as a Spanish
instructor.

THE CHILDREN ASKED
FOR IT

by Lillie Belle Drake '40

As a teacher of foreign languages in a small high
school in Fulton County, eighteen miles from Atlanta,
it has been necessary for me to try to make the study of
languages attractive in order to have classes at all, since
no foreign language is required.

The background of my activities in this direction was
laid during the first years of my teaching experience
in the grades when I taught first in one community
school and then in another in South Fulton. While I
was actually teaching the elementary school children
of two community schools I was engaged in work
with those from still a third grammar school, first as
leader of a Camp Fire girl group and later of a Girl
Scout troop.

All of the students from these schools attend a con-
solidated high school which is centrally located. Here
neither Spanish nor Latin was being taught at the time.
Therefore, my first problem was to create a demand for
the languages. I worked at this both in the classroom
and outside in various group activities.

In teaching English, geography, history, reading, mu-
sic, drawing, and games, it was especially interesting
to work out projects about the Spanish-speaking coun-
tries of the world. For example, if we were studying
Mexico in geography we should at the same time read
a Mexican Indian legend, write a letter about a visit
to Mexico, learn a Mexican folk song and dance, draw
a mural on the board, almost every member contribut-
ing something, representing various phases of Mexican
life a market scene, a bull fight, a charro and china,
etc. In all of these activities we actually learned a few
words of Spanish; and almost always at the end of the
year when we finished assigned projects, and there was

time left, the children demanded that we learn more
Spanish. An eighth grade civics class which I had had
first in the fourth grade asked to learn more Spanish
and hear more about the volcanoes in Mexico and the
bull fights in Spain.

With the girls' groups I carried on similar activities.

In the meantime I was also trying to create a de-
mand for Latin. This, however, was not so easy; but
as a teacher in the grades, it was part of my duty to
help pupils plan their high school programs. To the
more intelligent ones I simply pointed out the advan-
tages of Latin.

At the same time I was reminding the school super-
intendent that there was a demand for these subjects in
our consolidated high school and that I was prepared
to teach them. Then one of my pupils noticed that a
candidate running for some office had as school teacher
at one time received a promotion because his pupils had
requested it. She suggested that my pupils might do
the same thing. This they did because they wanted to
study Spanish and Latin in high school.

During the first year the classes were large because
the subjects were new; but during the second year there
was a slump since it became known generally that one
had to study in those classes.

Therefore, I had to do something if I intended to
continue teaching Latin and Spanish at home. The so-
lution came when someone remarked that he thought
it unfortunate that school groups almost always went
to Washington on their educational tours. Why could-
n't they go to Cuba for example? In our location the
trip would hardly be more expensive.

As a result the Spanish Club was organized, and all

[16]

of our activities were directed toward going to Cuba
at the end of the school term. As a group we hoped
to earn enough to pay for transportation. This we
did by having plays, sponsoring a mimeographed news-
paper, and even publishing a small annual, since the
school had not had one before. When it developed
that we could not go to Cuba, we planned to go to
Mexico instead. It was not the trip we should have
preferred since it was the first year after the war, and
it was impossible to go as far into Mexico by bus as we
had hoped. It proved to be a trip through the main
regions of Spanish influence in the United States; but
we did cross into Mexico at two points.

A large part of the trip was along the highway that
used to be the Old Spanish Trail, which extended all
the way from Florida to California. The places where
we spent some time were New Orleans, San Antonio,
Carlsbad Caverns, Grand Canyon, Albuquerque, Santa
Fe, and Villa Acuna and Ciudad Jaurez in Mexico.

Eighteen students took the trip, which we made in an
ordinary school bus. A number had never been out of
the state before, and some had to earn all of their
money for their personal expenses.

Perhaps the biggest thrill of the whole trip came
the first day, when many had their first glimpse of the
Gulf. After that the students experienced so many
new things that no other occasion produced quite so
much excitement.

As a result of the trip I felt well repaid for the many
hours of extra work spent in preparing for it. It was
good to see the students using their little knowledge
of Spanish with the Mexicans, especially in San An-
tonio, Santa Fe, and Mexico.

Since this first trip two years ago, the Spanish
Club has expected a trip each year. Last year we went
only as far as New Orleans, since still it was not
possible to go to Cuba. Also the entire school was
working on a project to purchase a bus for just such
trips. We received this bus a short time ago and made
our trip in June in it.

This year the trip was made by thirty students as
far as Monterrey, Mexico, where we spent three days.

The Spanish Club has done other things to encour-
age interest in Spanish. The group is a member of the
Hispanic Society and of the Pan American Student
Forum, the student organization which is sponsored
by the Pan-American League. Several of the students
have won prizes for participation in contests sponsored
by the organization and a number have enjoyed par-
ticipation in League Fiestas held each year in honor of

Latin American students in Atlanta and vicinity.

That I have accomplished my purpose even more
than I expected was brought to my attention when
one of my students remarked recently: "If I could
have as much fun teaching as you do, I would be a
teacher too."

Last fall the Quarterly announced that the Edu-
cation Committee of the Alumnae Association had ob-
tained from members of the faculty a collection of
reading lists which alumnae might have by writing to
the Office. A number of readers have taken advantage
of the opportunity, and it has been suggested that the
list of subjects be reprinted here. The reading guides
are still available, for groups or individuals.

Astronomy Mr. Calder

Philosophy Miss Dexter

Greek Drama Miss Glick

Shakespeare Mr. Hayes

Russia Miss Jackson

The Novel Miss Laney
Modern Poetry

Race Relations, Minority Groups Miss Mell

The French Novel Miss Phythian

American History Mr. Posey

American Government

Nineteenth Century English Poetry

The Writing of the Short Story Miss Preston

Comparative Government Miss Smith

American Government

The Theatre Miss Winter

Three professors have expressed their willingness to
suggest material to alumnae who write directly to them:
Mrs. Lapp, on children's exercises and music for danc-
ing; Mr. Robinson, on statistics, finance, and other
fields of mathematics; and Mrs. Sims, on current affairs.

The Education Committee suggests again that alum-
nae interested in general intellectual development write
to the Great Books Foundation, 20 North Wacker Drive,
Chicago, for the list made famous by Hutchins of Chi-
cago, the founders of St. John's, and the innovators at
Columbia College.

The Committee, whose chairman is Mary Wallace
Kirk '11, Locust Hill, Tuscumbia, Alabama, would like
very much to hear from any alumnae who have used
its suggestions.

[17]

GRANDDAUGHTERS, ETC.

Daughters and other relatives of alumnae came in for
a full share of honors on campus in 1947-48.

Among members of the Class of 1949 elected to Mor-
tar Board were Marie Cuthbertson, president of Ath-
letic Association, daughter of Julia Hagood Cuthbert-
son '20; Reese Newton, president of her class for the
fourth year, daughter of Maryellen Harvey Newton '16
and sister of Jane Anne Newton Marquess '46; Matilda
Alexander, editor of next year's Silhouette and sister of
Vicky Alexander '46; Louisa Beale, sister of Glassell
Beale '47; Eleanor Bear, sister of Teddy Bear Moore '46;
and Doris Sullivan, president of the chapter, sister of
Life President Louise Sullivan Fry of the Class of 1940.

Nan Honour, daughter of Florence Moriarty Honour
'26, won the Laura Candler Prize in Mathematics and
graduated with honor; Grace Durant, daughter of Grace
Harris Durant '15, won the Claude S. Bennett Cup in
dramatics; Jenelle Spear, daughter of Frances Spense
Spear '24, began her freshman year auspiciously by
capturing, with her roommate, the Dek-It prize for the
best-decorated room; Lorton Lee, sister of Lidie Lee
'47, became editor of The Agnes Scott News.

Class of 1948 Yields
Six Graduate Students

Six members of the Class of 1948 and the winner of
the Quenelle Harrold Fellowship for this year an-
nounced plans for graduate study before they left Agnes
Scott. Those who will do their work in this country
next year have fellowships or scholarships at the in-
stitutions they will attend.

Dabney Adams, of Asheville, North Carolina, one
of 1948's two high-honor graduates and winner of
second place in the national Mortar Board fellowship
contest this year, will study English at Vanderbilt. Her
honors paper at Agnes Scott, done under the direction of
Dr. Ellen Douglass Leyburn, was on Swift.

Adele Dieckmann, of Decatur, the other member of
her class to finish with high honor, will continue her
work in Latin at Wellesley. Dr. M. Kathryn Glick di-
rected her honors work on Lucretius. Adele is the
daughter of Emma Pope Moss Dieckmann '13 and
Professor Dieckmann of the Music Department.

Marybeth Little, of Wichita Falls, Texas, winner of
the Hopkins Jewel, plans to study at the University of
Zurich, Switzerland. She is the author of two volumes

of poetry, the second of which was published this spring,
and will do her graduate work in German or Eng-
lish literature.

Marjorie Karlson, Decatur, of the Class of 1946, who
received the Quenelle Harrold graduate study award
this year, will study English at Yale. In the two years
since she graduated she has earned a degree in library
science at Emory and has served as an assistant in the
Agnes Scott Library. Her honors work, in Carlyle, was
directed by Dr. George P. Hayes.

Mary Alice Compton, of Demopolis, Alabama, will
study history, first this summer at Southampton in
England, where she was among a limited number of
American students accepted, and then at the University
of Pennsylvania.

Kathleen Hewson, of Charlotte, North Carolina, will
pursue biochemistry at the University of Cincinnati;
and Billie Mae Redd of Emory University, who made
honor roll her senior year and graduated at eighteen,
will study mathematics at Emory.

Photo by Dorothy Colder

Mother-Daughter Commencement Scene
Grace Harris Durant '15 and Grace, Emma Pope Moss
Dieckmann '13 and Adele, Clara Whips Dunn '16 and
Elizabeth, Mary Evelyn Arnold Barker '24 and Jane,
Zollie McArthur Saxon '14 and Zollie Anne.

[18]

The Year In Retrospect

by Virginia Drake '48

An Awakening

It's been coming; this year it arrived in all its
seriousness and varied manifestations. The campus has
begun to think and act upon the world beyond its
academic halls. Individual organizations as well as the
community as a whole have worked toward the fur-
thering of the world-view policy. Not content to nod
their heads in assent that there are world problems,
students have attempted to contribute to the material
needs that prevail abroad. The inauguration of occa-
sional "starvation meals" provided savings to be added
to European food relief.

Sponsored by Mortar Board, community day, with
the world as the community, came to the campus in
festival form under the name of Inter-Nation Celebra-
tion. Each of the smaller campus organizations under-
took to present a foreign country its customs, its
culture, its problems and its participation and signific-
ance in current affairs. Admission was an article of
clothing for shipment abroad. A White Elephant sale,
the proceeds of which went to the World Student
Service Fund, was a feature of the day. You should
have seen Miss Preston's collection of pigs-in-pokes!

We missed Mrs. Sims' chapel talks on current events;
but her new class in current problems, which drew an
off-campus audience to its regular class discussions,
followed the most important trends week by week. In
addition all history and political science courses em-
phasized present events, either in relation to the past or
as a follow-up of more recent times. The news maga-
zines became textbooks without specific assignments;
a possession of the morning headlines and latest radio
bulletins was expected and desired.

Possibly the outstanding single expression of the
look-outside policy for the fall quarter was the ap-
pearance of Kurt von Schuschnigg on the college lec-
ture series. The ex-chancellor of Austria, who stated
in a pre-lecture interview that he is in the United
States because it "is the logical place for displaced
persons to come," spoke on "The Problems of Central
Europe." Vera Micheles Dean, director of the Research
department of the Foreign Policy Association, lectured
on Russia at Agnes Scott and at Emory during Janu-
ary. Speaking of "American Civilization in the World
Perspective," Dr. Merle Curti of the University of
Wisconsin visited campus in February.

One of the most diverting contributions of the fall
quarter was the mock debate between two Agnes
Scotters and two Emory "wheels." The girls, wearing
the newest mid-calf length swing skirts, upheld the
affirmative on the question, Resolved: that longer
skirts are here to stay. When Pi Alpha Phi played host
to the All-Southern Intercollegiate Debate Tourna-
ment, the twenty-five teams matched wits on the offi-
cial topic of the year: that a world federation should
be established.

Besides providing authoritative information on vari-
ous aspects of world affairs, Stephen Spender, noted
English poet and student of today's problems, did a
remarkable bit of tying in the literary expressions of
our era with the picture of the world at large.

The lighter side

The cultural background of our liberal education
has in no way been deposed in favor of consciousness
of today-everywhere. The Atlanta Artists' Series drew
bevies of enchanted listeners to the imposing group of
concerts. Opera lovers took in all of the Met's attrac-
tions. On campus, Blackfriar's production of The
Trojan Women, the Glee Club's Mikado, and
Twelfth Night by the Barter Theater of Virginia
highlighted an unusually full program. Dr. McCain
stole the show as Diamond Jim Brady when the Junior
Joint took a Golden Horseshoe setting; and the se-
niors put on their final group performance, with pink
elephants and another purple ostrich, when they
transformed "La Boheme" into "Four Sharps and a
Flat," dedicated to the success of the coming endow-
ment fund drive.

A final glance

Tech boys and Agnes Scott girls in nineteenth-cen-
tury bathing togs rendering a can-can "By the Sea" at
Junior Joint . . . Mr. Stukes meeting daughter Mar-
jorie on the steps of Inman . . . daughter Adele ad-
vising Mr.' Dieckmann that his courses are too easy
. . . the nation's first full-length production of Swan
Lake, by our dance group . . . the galaxy of rings and
wedding plans . . . Mrs. Calder bounding back and
forth with her ever-ready camera . . . the faculty re-
marking over majors in extra-curricular activities . . .
every seat in the library occupied and not just dur-
ing exam week!

[19]

Renovation of Inman
Fruit of Last Campaign

Inman Hall, which cost $50,000 when it was built
in 1910, is undergoing a $65,000 renovation this sum-
mer.

The freshman dormitory will greet the Class of 1952
with new flooring, plumbing, and wiring and an interior
paint job which may, if the desired shades are available,
feature tints in the bedrooms. Tile baths, hardwood
floors, and sound-absorbent ceilings will be installed,
the additional baths and a reception room for the senior
resident's apartment to cost seven student spaces. (Ten
spaces were gained last year by the conversion of the
former R. B. Cunningham home into a dormitory cot-
tage.)

Funds for the remodeling were contributed in the
last campaign, but the work was delayed by the war.
Main was done over just before wartime restrictions set
in, and Rebekah is scheduled to follow Inman. Inci-
dentally, as a result of the increased desirability of
rooms in Main, it has become predominantly a junior
and senior dormitory.

Inman was the gift of the late Samuel Martin Inman
of Atlanta, onetime chairman of the Board of Trustees
of the College, who built it in memory of his first wife,
Jennie D. Inman.

Two Foreign Students Plan
To Return Next Session

Of the four foreign students who attended Agnes
Scott in 1947-48, two will return in the fall. Two
have married Atlantans, and one of these plans to con-
tinue her work toward the degree.

Agnes Berentzen, who came from Norway on a Rotary
scholarship, will return to her native country in August,
after a stay in Washington. An outstanding chemistry
student, Agnes was elected to honorary membership in
Chi Beta Phi, science fraternity, by the Agnes Scott
chapter in the spring. In the course of her year at the
College she became well known in Atlanta and Decatur
through talks she gave at civic club and other meetings.
Her sense of humor and quickness at American idiom
made her popular with other students, and the campus
will miss her next year.

Joan Bright of England, whose education had been
interrupted by the war and work in the movies, left

college at Christmas to marry Walter Aycock, an At-
lanta attorney she had met at home.

Eva Finkelstein, whose hair-raising tales of wandering
over Europe during the war without identification
papers a capital offense with the Nazis have to be
wrung from her with difficulty by friends and reporters
alike, came to America from Poland and promptly be-
gan taking out citizenship papers. She had been at
Agnes Scott only a few weeks when she met Max Silver,
a mining engineer in Atlanta, whom she married in
June. She intends to work toward a 1949 graduation,
with history and political science her main academic
interest.

Marianela Segura of Ponce, Puerto Rico, entered as a
regular freshman (the others were special students) and
will come back as a sophomore in the fall. Last autumn,
when a newspaper reporter asked her what she had found
most difficult about life in this strange land, she gave
him a fetching Latin smile and replied, "Chemistry."

Eight-Year Struggle
For Agnes Scott Degree
Crowned With Honors

Ruth Bastin Slentz, who entered Agnes Scott in 1940,
received her degree with honor this year, having been
elected to Phi Beta Kappa and Mortar Board and awarded
the Chi Beta Phi Key in science.

After graduation from Atlanta Girls High School in
193 6, Ruth went into and completed nurse's training.
Determined from the outset to get a college degree, she
worked as a nurse in the Agnes Scott Infirmary her
freshman year. When it appeared to her that the work
was taking too much time from study, she left college
for a year of full-time nursing in order that she might
be a full-time student her sophomore year. In 1943
she answered the call for nurses and went into the
Army, emerging three years later a captain and still bent
on finishing at Agnes Scott. She returned as a junior
and one of several former servicewomen attending under
the GI Bill. In 1947 she was married and her hus-
band moved to Decatur so that she might have her
senior year at Agnes Scott. His interest even led him to
conduct parallel experiments with guppies as she was
developing her honors work under Dr. Mary Stuart
MacDougall's direction.

Next year she will work at Emory, in the department
of biochemistry in the medical school with Dr. Evange-
line Papageorge '28 and still raise guppies.

[20]

Professor Alexander
Ends Notable Career
On College Faculty

Lucile Alexander '11, professor of French, retired at
Commencement after forty-five years of active service
to Agnes Scott. Gifts from the Alumnae Association
and from the Board of Trustees were presented to her
in recognition of her unique record at the College.

Miss Alexander graduated from Agnes Scott Institute
in 1899, with first honors in her class and the award
of the mathematics prize. She taught mathematics in
the Institute and, when it became a college, resumed
her studies and received the B. A. with highest honor in
1911. She was the first Agnes Scott alumna to get an
advanced degree, taking her M. A. at Columbia Uni-
versity in 1913. She discontinued the teaching of
mathematics for that of French and became head of
her department.

She is a member of Phi Beta Kappa and of Mortar
Board in the latter of which she refers to her status as
that of a phoenix, because of her uniqueness as both an
alumna and an honorary member. She has served for
years as marshal in academic processions, has been chair-
man of the Admissions Committee and a member of the
Curriculum Committee, and has taken an outstanding
interest in student affairs and other activities on the
campus.

She and her two sisters, one of whom is also an
alumna, Ethel Alexander Gaines '10, moved in June
from the College residence they had occupied on South
Candler Street to 60 Maddox Drive, N.E., Atlanta,
<vhere they have bought a house.

Dr. Margaret Phythian '16 will succeed Miss Alex-
ander as head of the French Department.

Writing to Jane Taylor White, secretary of the
Association, Miss Alexander asked that the following
:xpression of thanks be conveyed to alumnae for their
gift, a table radio:

June 17, 1948.
To My Dear Fellow Alumnae:

To express to you my deep appreciation of and
my abiding pleasure in your thought of me I
should have the gift of tongues. More perhaps
than you realize you have put brightness and joy
into an otherwise sad occasion, for the breaking
of ties that are of long standing and that have been
dear and rewarding is not easy. I feel that by your

appreciation and your thoughtfulness you have
made it possible for me to go out with colors
flying. I shall try to be worthy of your confidence
by my continued loyalty to our common cause.

I love the radio and it will, I know, help me
through the hours when I shall be missing Agnes
Scott and the rich privileges which the College
offers.

Thank you sincerely for "easing me out", and
drop in some time at 60 Maddox Drive, N.E. The
latch string will always be on the outside.
Gratefully yours,
Lucile Alexander
Decatur, Georgia

Photo by Dorothy Caldcr

Congratulations This picture, which accom-
panied an article about Agnes Scott in The New York
Herald Tribune for June 20 (Section II, page 4), can
go captionless for most of Agnes Scott's thousands of
alumnae. It teas taken a few minutes before Miss Alex-
ander for the last time marshaled the faculty for the
Commencement procession. The compliments were
mutual: Dr. McCain was conducting his twenty-fifth
Commencement as president of the College.

21]

Faculty and Staff

Travel, study, and teaching will occupy the summer
for most members of the faculty and administration
who responded to the Alumnae Office appeal for news
as the closing of another session approached. "Only once
more this year," mimeographed the Office, "will you
give The Alumnae Quarterly news of yourself? We'd
like to know what you are going to do this summer.
Thanks for your help with previous issues and for re-
turning this to the Alumnae Office by May 26, full of
news. " Their answers sounded so much better verbatim
than in the Office's desiccated reportorial style that it
was decided to use them as they were:

"You're very welcome. Thank you for giving us one
more chance to talk about ourselves. My summer will
be spent at Northwestern University, Evanston, Illi-
nois, where I hope to begin work on a master's degree
in guidance and counseling." Betty Bowman.

"The whole family will be at Fritz Orr Camp, Nan-
cy's Creek Road, Atlanta, until August 15. Then we
will go to Wisconsin to see our parents." William
Calder.

"I leave May 31 for Princeton, N. J., where I shall be
studying June and July at the Westminister Choir Col-
lege. After this I plan to vacation in Florida, Sarasota
and Tampa, for about three weeks, after which I shall
return to work with my church choir, Emory Presby-
terian, before school opens. Very calm and unexciting,
so I won't mind if you ignore it." Rebekah Clarke.

"I am planning to spend the first part of the sum-
mer again collecting stem specimens of plants for use in
my research on stem anatomy of various groups of
plants. I hope to visit the herbarium of the Missouri
Botanical Garden in St. Louis and the herbarium of the
Chicago Natural History Museum to make the majority
of my collections. While in the Midwest I shall also
work in the botanical libraries and the herbaria of Chi-
cago University, Washington University, the University
of Illinois and the University of Wisconsin. During the
latter part of the summer I hope to be at the Highlands
(N. C.) Botanical Laboratory, where I will do further
field collecting and laboratory work on my various col-
lections. The above activities will be made possible large-
ly by a research grant-in-aid from the Carnegie Foun-
dation and by a research fellowship awarded me by the
Highlands Laboratory." H. T. Cox.

"I expect to be at home in Charlotte, North Carolina,
for most of the summer. The latter part of August I

plan to attend the meetings of the American Chemical
Society held in Washington, D. C." Elizabeth Crigler.

"I expect to teach, as usual, until the middle of July,
at Piedmont College, Demorest, Georgia. Then I hope to
join my brother and his wife, in Wisconsin, and go west
'way to the coast with them (in their car), for the
rest of the summer." Emily S. Dexter.

"Present prospects indicate that I will be quite busy
this summer teaching harmony and counterpoint in ad-
dition to having some piano and organ pupils." C. W.
Dieckmann.

"Two weeks' vacation in Arkansas, June 1-14; con-
duct research at Emory, June 14-July 20; teach analy-
tical chemistry, University of Florida, July 20-Septem-
ber 4." W. Joe Frierson.

"With the exception of a few days now and then
when Mrs. Garber and I may possibly be able to get
away for vacation trips and with the exception of the
Presbyterian Educational Association of the South meet-
ing at Mon treat in June, we shall be at 101 College
Place throughout the summer. During the early morning
hours, Monday through Friday, June 14 to August 28,
I am to teach the English Bible course in the Emory
University Summer Session. This means I shall have some
experience in teaching men and the opportunity of
knowing more about a sister institution. The balance
of the summer time we anticipate filling with some
solid reading and the sheer joy of watching two little
boys grow up. Sundays will find me doing some vaca-
tion supply preaching in and out of town. At the PEA
meetings referred to above I am to represent the Synod
of Georgia in the section of Synod Chairmen of Student
Work and in the section of College Bible Teachers."
Paul Leslie Garber.

"My summer plans include a week in Atlantic City
attending the annual meeting of the American Library
Association. July first I expect to leave Atlanta on a
month's motor trip to Mexico. After that I'll be back
on the job at A. S. C." Edna Ruth Hanley.

"I shall be teaching a graduate course in English
Literature and one other course at the University of
Florida at Gainesville this summer from the latter part
of July to early September. My family will stay here in
Decatur." George P. Hayes.

"As of June first I shall complete my seven years as
resident nurse at A.S.C. and return to Florida to spend
the summer with my parents, Mr. and Mrs. S. E. Hewitt

[22]

of Jennings, Florida. I will assume my new duties as
obstetrical supervisor at Lake Shore Hospital in Lake
City, Florida, on September 1, 1948. My years at Agnes
Scott have meant a great deal to me in my personal life
as well as my professional life, and I shall always treas-
ure my association with faculty, staff, and students.
My thanks go out to one and all for their cooperation
and help to me in carrying on my work. Best wishes
always." Carolyn Hewitt.

"I shall be acting dean of residence at Duke Univer-
sity (Woman's College!) for the first term of the sum-
mer session. Then I plan to go to Flushing, New York,
for the rest of the summer until September 1." Char-
lotte E. Hunter.

"Will attend Blue Ridge Institute of Southeastern
Community Chests and Councils of Social Agencies at
Blue Ridge, South Carolina, in July. Will also help to
conduct a training course for volunteer recreation work-
ers under auspices of Community Planning Council in
Atlanta in June." Floyd Hunter.

"On the 31st of May I plan to turn north and drive
through South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia,
across the edge of Maryland to Gettysburg, through
York and Lancaster on to the Delaware Water Gap into
New York State and thence to South Weymouth, Mas-
sachusetts. The iris will, I hope, still be in bloom and
many of the other spring flowers. There, at 696 Main
Street, I expect to do some gardening, house cleaning,
cooking, jelly making, and a lot of reading. Maybe I'll
manage to do some sewing, too. If any Hottentots hap-
pen to be in that part of the world the latch string is
out to you. Of course, I am very anxious to see what
damage the terrible winter did to the roses and the
peonies and other old friends of the garden. It's a love-
ly old place. You wouldn't wonder at my haste to re-
turn to it if you could see it. The house isn't very old
for Massachusetts it was built in 1814 but it is com-
fortable. Come and see us." Elizabeth Fuller Jackson.

"I will be working in the Agnes Scott Library for the
early part of the summer at least. Plan to go to Jeanne
Addison's wedding June 12. Will go to Yale in Septem-
ber to study English in the Graduate School." Mar-
jorie Karlson.

"June 21 -August 10 I expect to be in New York
City working on the project for which I have another
Carnegie grant, 'Symbolism in the Poetry of William
Butler Yeats'. I shall use Columbia, City, and Morgan
libraries . . . and in recreation time shall study modern
art by going to museums and galleries and shall go to
all the good plays that are running. Some weekends I

shall probably spend with a friend in Westport, Con-
necticut. The latter part of the summer I shall spend
with my sister in Denver, Colorado . . . doing some
mountain climbing and much walking." Emma May
Laney.

"Right after Commencement I am going to Lexing-
ton for a brief visit to my brother, who is dean at
Washington and Lee. Late in June I am going to Ken-
yon College, where a group of the most distinguished
critics of our day in the field of English literature will
be gathered for six weeks. While I am there, I shall be
pursuing Wordsworth studies begun several years ago
under a University Center grant; the first unit was
published in the January Journal of English and Ger-
manic Philology. 'Notes on Satire and Allegory', a
study made last summer under a Carnegie grant, will
appear in the June issue of the Journal of Art and Aes-
thetics." Ellen Douglass Leyburn.

"American Youth Hostel trip to France, Belgium,
Holland, Luxembourg, Switzerland, June 3 -August 12.
We sail on a youth ship, the Marine Tiger. Plan to bi-
cycle most of the way, filling in with boats and trains.
Will take my sketch books instead of camera. After Au-
gust 12 will be at Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts."
Priscilla Lobeck.

"I'm going to be visiting associate professor at George
Washington University the second summer term. It
doesn't start till July 27, and before that I hope to idle
and paint (furniture and such) around here for a while,
then home to Washington and on to New York for a
short time. (Nothing exciting, and no one is sorrier
over it than I am!)" Katharine Omwake.

"The news is not exciting. June will be spent read-
ing and resting in the cottage on the top of Brushy
Face Mountain just out from Highlands, North Caro-
lina. The first of July I motor up to Kentucky for a few
weeks with my father, then back to Decatur to spend
the rest of the summer in the A.S.C. Library. Next year
I hope to go to France but that is next year!" Mar-
garet T. Phythian.

"New Orleans June 7-July 16, teaching at Tulane
University. Mrs. Posey and Blythe will be with me for
three weeks; then they will go to Camp Nakanawa,
Mayland, Tennessee, for the season of eight weeks. After
the summer term in New Orleans, I shall return to De-
catur and home to work on some research material for
which I received a grant last summer from the Univer-
sity Center. At the last of August I shall go to Camp
Miniwanca, in western Michigan, to attend a confer-
ence on 'Christianity on the College Campus' a con-

[23]

ference sponsored by the Danforth Foundation. Return-
ing from this trip, I shall stop in Tennessee to visit my
relatives." Walter B. Posey.

"From June 7 to July 311 will be director of the
Central Presbyterian Church Day Camp Program for
Girls. There'll be about 100 girls, ages 6-13. During
August recuperate!" Betty Jean Radford.

"I expect to spend the second week of June at the
beach Ormond Beach and about two weeks at the
end of the summer in New York. Otherwise deep in the
heart of Atlanta." Catherine Sims.

"I shall be in New York this summer for six weeks
working under a Carnegie grant on 'The Life and Work
of Pietro Torrigiano, Renaissance Sculptor'. I have an
apartment in Butler Hall and shall be working in the
Columbia Library, the New York City Library, and the
Metropolitan Museum." Florence E. Smith.

"My summer will be spent right on the 'dear old
campus', where I feel more at home than any other
place. With the Inman renovating job as the major
item on the summer's repair schedule, to say nothing of
dozens of other items of a lesser nature, it means that
constant supervision will be necessary to get even a
small part of the needed items completed by the open-
ing of school in September. Few realize that the sum-
mer repair work is one of the most trying periods for
those whose responsibility it is to see that it is done."
J. C. Tart.

"Only once more will we be turning in news and only
once more will I be here to turn in any news, for this
will be my last summer with Agnes Scott. I will work
during the summer as per usual and perhaps will take
a week off in the middle of June to attend a convention
with my husband at the General Oglethorpe Hotel in
Savannah. The convention will be for the Georgia As-
sociation of Insurance Agents, of which my husband is
executive secretary. As of August 1, I am officially re-
signing my position as secretary to Mr. Tart. I am then
taking over the full time job of managing the Thrasher
household, and just being another housewife! I'll be close
by and will look forward to any news of Agnes Scotters,
for it has become my second alma mater. My address
will be 141 West Davis Street, Decatur." Helen Fin-
ger Thrasher.

"Teaching English at Florida State University, Talla-
hassee, June J 4- July 21." Margret Trotter.

"I shall attend the eight-week session of the Linguis-
tic Institute to be held at the University of Michigan."
Elizabeth Zenn.

[24]

'Signal'

Betty Abernathy '48

Broadcast to Present
Dr. McCain, Students

President J. R. McCain and a chorus of Agnes Scott
and Emory students will be presented over a network of
Southern radio stations August 15 at 8:30 a.m. Eastern
Standard Time, on the Presbyterian Hour.

Originating at WSB, the broadcast will be thirty
minutes long and will be one of the Presbyterian Radio
Committee's 1948 Youth Series. Dr. McCain's address
will be on Christianity in education.

As We Co to Press

News has just reached the campus that Charlotte
Hunter '29, assistant dean of students since 1938, will
leave Agnes Scott to become dean of students at Salem
College, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, this fall.

The Class Poem for 1948 has so much of college life,
particularly Agnes Scott life, caught in it, that it has
been thought appropriate for alumnae readers. Its
author has published two books of verse, Silk from a
Spool and Underside of Leaves.

Class Poem, 1948

by Marybeth Little

Hush the tinkling music box

Where yet the child-heart sings;

We are women now; we put

Away our childish things.

Days, dust, and new ways gather.

What most secret shall we shelter?

Scarlet leaves and October skies

Teasing the student out of doors and mind;

Squirrels flaunting nimble freedom;

Envelopes bridging two familiar spheres;

Faded flowers, yellow ribbons, ticket stubs;

Stunt-night programs, clippings underlined;

Shadows and criss-cross colors

Splashing the hockey field;

Laughter alive with sunlight;

Sleepy girls discussing life and ultimates

While outside lamplight illumines casual dark^

ness.
Magnolia leaves cupping snow,
Redbrick sharp in winter brightness,
Strict tower pointing to the sky;
Tedious hours, sensing tentative growth,
Being lost to find;

An easel with November gropings, April skill;
A microscope, and a strange
Exciting world unguessed;

The rush of blackness after light,

And light again: and a new world

On a by-day-simple stage;

Dim rainy days, umbrella blossoms;

Shining streets reluctant to relinquish

Mirrored images of those who

Meet and disappear.

Dogwood more breathless white each spring;

Leaves too green

For looking at through windows;

Slender girls in white,

Holding slender candles,

Whispering hopeful vows

Greater than themselves;

Intimate talk about the stars,

Leaping computation to silvered awe;

A sudden book like sacred flame,

Dazzling the beholder;

Calendar pages too swiftly fluttering,

Hurrying tomorrows to the winds;

A young moon tangled in the pine,

Suddenly breaking free and beautiful.

Hush the tinkling music box

Where yet the child-heart sings;

We are women now, we put

Away our childish things.

[25]

NECROLOGY
Institute

Arlene Almand Foster's husband
three years ago.

Kate Dunwody Jackson of Bainbri
Ga., died Oct. 30, 1947.

Helen Ramspeck Thomas died last f;

Emelize Wood, sister of Laura W
Sale, Institute, and Rose Wood '08, i
in May.

Academy

Ulrich Green, brother of Margaret Gr
died in March.

1916

Hallie Smith Walker's husband
April 14.

1919

Lucy Durr Dunn's husband died in
uary.

1928

Mary Sayward Rogers's mother die
May.

1939

Cary Wheeler Bowers's father die
March.

1947

Maggie Toole's father died in Marc

Photo by Dorothy Calder

A Merger by '21 and '22 Left to right: Sarah Fulton, Ruth Scandrett
Hardy, Myrtle Blackmou.

Photo by Dorothy Calde

After a Quarter Century The class of '23. Left to right: Elizabet).
Flake Cole, Quenelle Harrold Sheffield, Rebecca Dick, Thelma Cook Turton
Dot Bowron, Louise Brown Hastings, Martha Mcintosh Nail, Eileen Dodi
Sams, Elizabeth Parham Williams.

Photo by Dorothy Colder

Gaiety for '24 Bcultih Davidson Parsons, Mary Evelyn Arnold Barker,

illy Stone Buck, Frances Gilliland Stukes, Virginia Ordway, Carrie Scandrett.

-

Photo by Dorothy Caldcr

A Good Turnout by '41 Left to right: Louise Meiere Culver, Pat tic
'atterson ]o!*nson, Hazel Scruggs Ouzts, Carolyn Strozier, Gay Swagerty
luptill, Freda Co p viand, Tom may Turner Peacock, Rowena Barringer Stubbs,

thv Colder

Reunighters from '42 Left to right: Mary Lightfoot Elcan Nichols,
etty Medlock, Rebecca Stamper, Edith Schwartz Joel, Sue Heldman Mercer,
[argaret Smith Wagnon, Trances Ellis Green, Theodosia Ripley Landis.

[33]

Photo by Dorothy Colder
Five-Year Mark for '43 Left to right: Anne Frierson Smoak, Kay
7right Philips, Frances Radford Mauldin, Sterly Lebey Wilder, Laura Cum-
ling, Maryann Cochran Abbott.

Photo by Dorothy Colder

First Reunion for '47 Left to right: Carroll Taylor, Mac Craig, ha-
el Asbury, Ginny Dickson, Margaret Kinard, Marie Adams, Lidie Lee, Jane
ieadows, B. J. Radford, Louise Hoyt Minor.

?3aug

FOR REFERENCE

Do Not Take From This Room