{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2021-swinter-belec-p-btext","title":"The Little White House newsletter, 2021 Winter","collection_id":"dlg_ggpd","collection_title":"Georgia Government Publications","dcterms_contributor":["Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.), issuing body."],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. Roosevelt's Little White House"],"dc_date":["2021-01"],"dcterms_description":["Newsletter of the Little White House."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. Roosevelt's Little White House"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945--Periodicals","Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.)--Periodicals","United States--History--1933-1945--Periodicals","Newsletters"],"dcterms_title":["The Little White House newsletter, 2021 Winter"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Georgia. Map and Government Information Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/do:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2021-swinter-belec-p-btext"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/id:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2021-swinter-belec-p-btext"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["newsletters"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 Periodicals.","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 fast"],"iiif_manifest_url_ss":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":"The Little White House NEWSLETTER \n \nRoosevelt's Little White House - 706-655-5870 - 401 Little White House Rd. - Warm Springs, Ga. 31830 \n \nInteresting times at the Little White House \n \nWinter Quarter 2021 \n \nWe may be in the middle of a pandemic, but we are moving forward with plans of improving our \n \nguests experiences and business has been booming. \n \nRoosevelt's love of stamp collecting is well documented. On the day before his death, his design for the \"Toward United Nations\" stamp had been approved. There is one difference however. The final stamp that was released bears his name. As he was alive when the stamp was approved, the quote could not be attributed to him but since had had passed away, the US Postmaster ordered a change to the stamp by adding his name to the quote. \n \nPresident Roosevelt had planned on picking up a First Day Issue of the stamp in San Francisco at the first UN Conference. \n \nOver the next few months and years, Franklin D. Roosevelt would be honored on eleven more US postage stamps and countless stamps from countries around the world. \n \nThe first stamp to bear his \n \nimage was the one cent stamp \n \nfeaturing Hyde Park in a series \n \nof stamps that began 1945 \n \nshortly after his death. The \n \ntwo-cent stamp was issued at \n \n1 \n \nthe Little White House on \n \nAugust 25, 1945. \n \n New permanent exhibit on African Americans \nDaisy Bonner, Lizzie McDuffie, Booker T Washington and others are included in this new display in the Memorial Museum. Their stories have been overlooked for decades. Now, guests can learn the importance of these people in FDR's life. History comes alive in Warm Springs and we hope you will make plans to visit soon. \nAT\u0026T Pioneers Southside Council \nOver the years, volunteers of the AT\u0026T Pioneers Southside Council in Atlanta have been on a mission, to provide their time assisting staff with beautification projects at Roosevelt's Little White House. The group has been meeting annually at the Little White House for nearly two decades creating bird habitats, planting trees and spreading plenty of pine straw. This year is a little different with the pandemic in full swing, but not enough to deter the Pioneers from awarding a grant of $3000.00 to the Historic Site. Funds from this grant have been used to purchase new plants for landscaping around the Servants' Quarters and Guest House, PPE equipment for the staff, a new display in the Lobby as well as new interpretive panels at the Servants' Quarters. \n2 \n \n Something BIG is heading our way! \nMillions of people have come to the Little White House to see the famous Unfinished Portrait on display. They know that FDR suffered a stroke as it was being painted and never completed. But what is the backstory of this painting. How did it come to be? What pose was chosen? What background? We have a big surprise that has been donated to the Historic Site from David Frohman. This will add detail to the story that has not been told, or seen, since that fateful day in 1945 when FDR was last here. \nComing April 2021! \nIn honor of Black History Month, The Little White House will host: The Segregated Skies of WWII. \"The Tuskegee Airmen\" - These panels explore the history and heroism of the first African American pilots to fly in combat during World War II. This is one of the special traveling exhibits from Kennesaw State University \n3 Roosevelt's Little White House - 706-655-5870 - 401 Little White House Rd. - Warm Springs, Ga. 31830 For more information about Roosevelt's Little White House, scheduling tours and hours of operation, please visit our website: \nwww.GeorgiaStateParks.org or like us at www.Facebook.com/littlewhitehouse \n \n "},{"id":"dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2019-sfall-belec-p-btext","title":"The Little White House newsletter, 2019 Fall","collection_id":"dlg_ggpd","collection_title":"Georgia Government Publications","dcterms_contributor":["Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.), issuing body."],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. Roosevelt's Little White House"],"dc_date":["2019-10"],"dcterms_description":["Began in 2014?","Winter quarter 2014 (harvested on May 1, 2020 from gastateparks.org); title from PDF caption (Georgia Government Publications database, viewed June 15, 2020)","Fall quarter 2019 (Georgia Government Publications database, viewed June 16, 2020)."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Warm Springs, Ga. : Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. Roosevelt's Little White House"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945--Periodicals","Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.)--Periodicals","United States--History--1933-1945--Periodicals","Newsletters"],"dcterms_title":["The Little White House newsletter, 2019 Fall"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Georgia. Map and Government Information Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/do:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2019-sfall-belec-p-btext"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/id:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2019-sfall-belec-p-btext"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["newsletters"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 Periodicals.","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 fast"],"iiif_manifest_url_ss":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":"The Little White House NEWSLETTER \n \nFranklin D. Roosevelt and His Visits To Georgia \n \nFall Quarter 2019 \n \nOne of the many questions often asked at the Little White House is \"How many times did FDR come here?\". Well, the answer to \n \nthat is 41, but FDR visited Brunswick, Georgia in April 1913 as Assistant Secretary of the Navy. He was searching for deep water \n \nharbors that might support naval stations. \n \nBelow is a very brief chronology of FDR's visits to Warm Springs, Georgia. So much more occurred that there is not enough space here to tell the story. The photographs to the right are general to the era which coincide with of some of his visits. It is our hope that this newsletter will inspire you to visit Roosevelt's Little White House State Historic Site. \nOct. 3  Oct. 20, 1924 was FDR's first visit to Warm Springs. He was searching for a cure for polio that he had contracted 3 years earlier when he was 39 years old. His first swim was on October 4th. He said he had never felt water so pleasant and that he was able to move his right leg for the first time in three years. A newspaper article reporting this story was syndicated nationally and read with interest by polio victims across the country. He swam almost daily and explored the countryside and towns. FDR found hope in Warm Springs. \nApril 1  May 15,1925 was the second visit. He was surprised by the \"polios\" that had arrived after hearing about his \"cure\". He penned articles for the Macon Telegraph, explored the countryside, swam and began making plans to develop the resort at Warm Springs. He believed it could help those with polio. \nMarch 27 - May 5, 1926. The third visit for FDR. He was ready to purchase the property. A deal was made on April 29th. He began investigating the powers of the waters of Warm Springs. He and Eleanor made their first trip to Atlanta to an orthopedic convention. Their goal was to convince doctors, surgeons and others about the waters therapeutic value \nSept. 20  Nov. 10, 1926, This time FDR brought his mother Sara. He continued swimming and working on his plans to expand the resort. He wanted to make it a non-profit so that anyone would be able to come. He then established the Georgia Warm Springs Foundation for polio patients. \nFeb. 11  May 12, 1927, FDR's first cottage was almost complete. He continued swimming with his \"companions\" as well as raising funds for the Foundation. He also bought more land to set up a cattle farm. \nMay 24  June 11, 1927, FDR continued his therapy, driving through the countryside, fishing along the Flint river, picnics, and finding ways to raise money for the Foundation. \nJuly 29  August 3, 1927, the 7th visit. Interest in Warm Springs was growing. FDR continued swimming and fundraising. There were now more than 71 patients and 110 staff members. \n \ncont. next page \n \n Sept. 27  Dec. 5, 1927, is the 8th visit. FDR spent two months exercising and raising funds for the Foundation. He also completed the steam heating system in the Meriwether Inn so that it could be open all year around. He increased his land acquisitions by purchasing small farms in the area. \nJan. 20  Feb. 11, 1928 FDR continued his therapy and raise funds, but he now considered getting back into politics. He was asked to speak at the Chamber of Commerce in Americus and pushed the idea of planting trees on unused farmland. \nFeb. 28  May 3, 1928, Sara visited again and a cottage was being built for her and for Missy Lehand. FDR went to Atlanta to purchase furniture for his mother. Edsel Ford and his wife donated $25,000 to build a glass enclosed pool to be used all year around. There was now a waiting list for polio patients. FDR continued to swim and enjoy the people of Warm Springs. People joked that he knew the roads better than the local people. \nJune 20th, 1928, FDR is working on Al Smith's presidential campaign in Atlanta and comes by Warm Springs for the day. Smith is pushing FDR to run for Governor of New York. \nJune 30  July 9, 1928, Roosevelt worked on Al Smith's campaign. He was being recruited to run for governor of New York. Many photographs were taken of him riding horses during this period. The Winter Pool was under construction. \nSept. 19  Oct. 5, 1928, Roosevelt remained committed to exercising and fundraising. October 1st, FDR gives a speech in Manchester. The next day, after spending hours on the phone with Al Smith, the Democratic nominee for president, FDR is nominated for Governor of New York. \nNov. 8  Dec. 10,1928, the 14th visit. FDR came for rest, relaxation and swimming after winning his campaign for Governor. He dedicated the new Winter Pool and he carved the turkey for the very first Founder's Day Celebration and Thanksgiving dinner. He led the companions in exercises as well as participated in speeches and entertainment skits. A manufacturer of arch support and foot appliances wrote a letter to FDR asking 5 questions: \n1.Q: Can you walk without a cane or assistance? FDR: I cannot walk without a CAIN because I'm not ABEL! \n2.Q: Does both your shoes fit you even? FDR: They fit me EVEN unless by accident I put on an ODD shoe ha ha ! \n3.Q: Are you inclined to have a weakness in the ankle? FDR: I have my weakness like everybody else (rotten) \n4.Q: Are you sure of your step? FDR: We all have to watch our step with so many prohibition agents around. \n5.Q: Have you any pain below the hips? If so where? FDR: My principal pain is in the neck when I get letters like this! \nRoosevelt was known for having a great sense of humor as seen in his response to the letter! \nApril 22  June 4,1929, FDR gave a speech to several bankers about the country's \"crippled\" and the progress being made at Warm Springs. \nOct. 3  Oct. 14,1929, FDR had workers plant almost 5,600 pine seedlings on one of his properties. He continued to swim and enjoy the area. Signs of the Great Depression were intensifying. \nNov. 20  Dec. 6,1929, the 17th visit. He returned for the annual Thanksgiving dinner. The Great Depression was underway. Many letters were written and he continued his therapy and enjoyed the countryside. \n \ncont. next page \n \n May 1- May 30,1930, the 18th visit. FDR contemplated running for a second term as Governor. He addressed the Georgia Utilities Rate Association before returning to New York. \nNov. 17  Dec. 10,1930, FDR was elected to 2nd term. He attended the annual Founders Day Celebration. The outstanding event of this visit was the famous possum dinner on November 29. \nOct. 1  Oct. 14,1931, FDR gave a few speeches and was the referee to a celebrity golf match to raise money for the Foundation. He continued swimming and enjoyed picnics with his companions. He met with political officials from several southern states during a \"Roosevelt For President\" BBQ. \nNov. 20  Dec. 10,1931, is the 21st visit. He returned for the annual dinner with Eleanor, Jimmy and his wife, as well as Anna and her husband. \nApril 30  May 27,1932, FDR moved into the Little White House. On May 1st he had a wonderful house warming at his new cottage. On May 22nd, FDR gave his famous speech to Oglethorpe University graduates at the Fox Theater in Atlanta. \nOct. 23  24,1932, the 23rd visit. This was a brief visit between presidential campaign stops. FDR spoke about \"destruction, delay, deceit, and despair  the 4 horsemen of the GOP\". He also requested that all flowers on the stage be delivered to the children's ward at Grady Hospital. \nNov. 23  Dec. 6,1932, Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected 32nd president of the United States. He and his family came to Warm Springs here to rest and attend the annual Founders Day Dinner at the Foundation. \nJan. 24  Feb. 4,1933, He sent letters of his lists of special guests for the Inauguration. He wanted the people of Warm Springs to be in attendance for his Inauguration. On January 30th, the day of his birthday celebration. Adolf Hitler became the chancellor of Germany. \nNov. 17  Dec. 6,1933, the 26th visit. He wrote numerous letters, caught up on sleep and exercised. He attended the annual Thanksgiving Day dinner. The repeal of the 18th amendment took place on December 5. \nNov. 10  Dec. 5,1934,the 27th visit. FDR came for Thanksgiving and to check on the progress and growth of the Foundation. \nNov. 21  Dec. 8,1935, FDR came for the annual dinner. He also spoke at the dedication of the nation's first housing project at Techwood Homes in Atlanta. \nApril 9,1936 is the 29th visit. FDR stopped by for lunch on his way back to Washington from Miami. \nMarch 12  26,1937, FDR came to rest and swim. He enjoyed going to bbq's and picnics. Dedicated the Eleanor Roosevelt School in Warm Springs, a Rosenwald School for African Americans. \nMarch 23  April 2,1938, Roosevelt bought a new 1938 Ford Convertible. Rode by train to give a speech in Gainesville. He also visited Columbus and Ft. Benning. \nAug. 10  11,1938, is the 32nd visit. President Roosevelt dedicated the REA at Barnesville, Georgia. \nNov. 21- Dec. 4,1938, This was the first time since 1935 that FDR was able to visit for Thanksgiving. The US Ambassadors from Germany and Italy came to discuss the situation in Europe. FDR swam almost daily. \nMarch 30  April 9,1939, the 34th visit. FDR dedicated several new buildings, including a school, chapel, theater, medical building, surgical facility and 2 dormitories. \nNov. 22 -29,1939, is the 35th visit. FDR came for the annual dinner and dedication of the Warm Springs Community Building in honor of his mother, Sara Delano Roosevelt. \n \ncont. next page \n \n April 19  27,1940, FDR came for rest after having an intestinal flu. He met with the Canadian Prime Minister McKenzie King who stayed at the Guest Cottage. \nDec. 15, 1940, FDR stopped by for a belated Thanksgiving dinner. He had been out searching for possible locations for more military bases. \nNov. 29,1941, He had planned on staying a few days to celebrate Thanksgiving. Plans were changed after Japan had issued threatening statements to the U.S. and Britain and left early to return to Washington,. \nApril 15  17,1943, FDR had been on tour of southern military bases at Ft. Benning. He had dinner at the Foundation. He swam, had a picnic and drove around the countryside. \nNov. 27  Dec. 17,1944, is the 40th visit. This was the first extended vacation since 1939. He took one swim and drove around the countryside. He had little energy or appetite. His visit was cut short because of the Battle of the Bulge. \nMarch 30  April 12,1945, was the 41st visit and the last. FDR was suffering from exhaustion and came here for rest. He visited with companions, went for drives, and worked. On April 1st, he attended Easter service at the chapel. On April 12th, the president was preparing a radio address for Jefferson Day and was planning to attend a barbecue. He had planned on watching a musical show to be performed by the children from the Foundation. Around 1:00 he was having his portrait painted and they were about to break for lunch when he said, \"I have a terrific pain in my head\". He had suffered a cerebral hemorrhage, He was carried into his bedroom where he passed 2 hours later at 3:35 pm. He had served only 83 days of his fourth term. \nThe legacy of FDR still remains and is one of great importance. Franklin Delano Roosevelt was truly a man of the people who was willing to try anything possible to make things better for his fellow Americans during some of the most trying times in our history. \nThe photo on the left is one of the first taken of citizen Roosevelt in Warm Springs. The one on the right is on of the last images of President Roosevelt. On the left, FDR's political career was over because of polio. He is crippled. But he found hope in Warm Springs. On the right is a photo of the most powerful man in the world. He has been elected to president four times. He led us through the Great Depression. He ended the Dust Bowls forever. He was inspiring us to take up his cause to eradicate polio through his March of Dimes. He became our Commander In Chief, leading us through a world at war. He is overseeing the development of nuclear power, which will end World War II. All of this is the result of some warm mineralized water gushing our of the side of Pine Mountain. It is the \"Spirit of Warm Springs\" that he relied upon, until his last breath. \nHis last written words, from his undelivered Jefferson Day Address capture the \"Spirit of Warm Springs.\" \n \n "},{"id":"dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2019-ssummer-belec-p-btext","title":"The Little White House newsletter, 2019 Summer","collection_id":"dlg_ggpd","collection_title":"Georgia Government Publications","dcterms_contributor":["Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.), issuing body."],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. Roosevelt's Little White House"],"dc_date":["2019-07"],"dcterms_description":["Began in 2014?","Winter quarter 2014 (harvested on May 1, 2020 from gastateparks.org); title from PDF caption (Georgia Government Publications database, viewed June 15, 2020)","Fall quarter 2019 (Georgia Government Publications database, viewed June 16, 2020)."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Warm Springs, Ga. : Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. Roosevelt's Little White House"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945--Periodicals","Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.)--Periodicals","United States--History--1933-1945--Periodicals","Newsletters"],"dcterms_title":["The Little White House newsletter, 2019 Summer"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Georgia. Map and Government Information Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/do:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2019-ssummer-belec-p-btext"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/id:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2019-ssummer-belec-p-btext"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["newsletters"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 Periodicals.","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 fast"],"iiif_manifest_url_ss":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":"The Little White House NEWSLETTER \n \nFranklin D. Roosevelt: Newspaperman \n \nSummer Quarter 2019 \n \nDid you know that FDR was the editor of the Harvard Crimson in 1904? Twenty-one years \n \nlater, while in Warm Springs, Roosevelt re-established his career as a journalist. \n \nOn his second visit to Warm Springs in 1925, Franklin D. Roosevelt wanted his privacy. Unbeknownst to him, polio patients from across the United States began to make a pilgrimage to the run down resort in west Georgia. Newspaperman Tom Loyless was working on restoring the old Meriwether Inn, when he asked Roosevelt to pen some editorials for the Macon Telegraph. Titled, \"Roosevelt Says,\" as he typed nine columns, beginning as a light hearted conversation concerning Georgia politics. However, in the remaining columns, we can begin to see the genesis of what will become the New Deal programs formulate in his thoughts. \nFirst, a little background on Tom Loyless, sourced from Wikipedia. \n \nreporting became so heated that when meeting Hanson in person Loyless struck him. Hanson in turn drew a handgun. \n \n\"Tom W. Loyless (ca.1871 - March 19, 1926) is now best known as the managing owner of the Warm Springs spa resort (for which his financial backer was George Foster Peabody). Prior to managing the resort, Loyless, a native of west Georgia, served as a newspaper reporter, editor and publisher for papers in Augusta, Columbus and Macon. \n \nTom Loyless standing front (with hat). \n \nAs a young editor Loyless earned a reputation for bluntness and a fiery temper that did not always limit itself to print. An 1897 dispute with H.C. Hanson, editor of the rival Macon Morning Telegraph (later merged with Macon Evening News to form the Macon Telegraph) in which Loyless accused Hanson of bias in \n \nBy 1915 Loyless was editor of the Augusta Chronicle. He was one of the few newspaper editors in Georgia to proclaim the innocence of Leo Frank and denounced his prosecutors as corrupt. Frank was accused of murdering a young girl, Mary Phagen, in Atlanta and was quickly convicted and hung by vigilantes. Though Loyless \n \n1 cont. next page \n \n continued to edit the paper until 1920, his editorials about Frank cost him his local popularity and made him an enemy of the Ku Klux Klan. Soon after his departure from the Chronicle, he became the manager of the Warm Springs resort and Editor of the Macon Telegraph. \nLoyless proved an ambitious caretaker of the much-indisrepair property. After a young man suffering from polio discovered that the springs helped him, Loyless and Warm Springs attracted the attention of Franklin D. Roosevelt, who had been stricken by a paralytic illness in 1921, diagnosed at the time as polio. Based on his own improvement, Roosevelt decided that Warm Springs could help victims of polio, and he worked together with Loyless on improvements to the resort and spa. \nLoyless remained at Warm Springs until his health failed due to cancer in 1925. An obituary (featuring the \nMacon Telegraph April 16, 1925 \nROOSEVELT SAYS \nI have to take my hat off to still another product of Georgia -- its newspaper men. Here I am over at Warm Springs, an expert road builder, all ready, with my coat off, to lay out and construct miles of beautifully graded, guaranteed not-to-wash-out, paths through the azaleacovered woods of Pine Mountain, while Tom Loyless sits with his feet up in his cottage, across the street, writing diatribes for The Telegraph. \nBut I knew I would be double-crossed --I always do by these newspaper men. He now is out picking wild flowers and I have returned to my former profession. I used to edit the college paper in the old days. \n \nsubheading \"Georgia Editor Was an Unceasing Enemy of the Klan\") appeared on page 19 of the March 22, 1926, issue of the New York Times. \nLoyless is portrayed in the 2005 movie \"Warm Springs\" by Tim Blake Nelson. While the film gives the impression that Loyless was no longer active in newspapers at the time of Roosevelt's visits, he was in fact still involved with the Macon Telegraph. Franklin Roosevelt contributed to the paper as a guest editor, articles which were syndicated nationally. \nThe following is a reprint from FDR's first editorial in April 1925. You can see where he pokes fun at Loyless, enjoys the hospitality of the region and more importantly, you can read his thoughts on the plight farmers were beginning to face as the economic depression had begun to hit the South, long before it hit the nation. \n \nHe did it to me once before. Last Autumn I was swimming in the Warm Springs pool, and T.W.L. (Loyless) sauntered by and introduced a delightful youngster to me (the Atlanta Journal reporter). Never mind his name. I thought he was a mere cousin or something of that sort. We talked about health and crops and politics, and soon thereafter I went back home to \n2 \n \nPrint of the Macon Telegraph April 16, 1925 cont. next page \n \n Dutchess County, New York. Then came the newspaper clippings whole sheets of them - Sunday supplements, illustrations from every paper between here and Seattle, Wash. There I was, large as life, living proof that Warm Springs, Georgia had cured me of 57 different varieties of ailments. Most of the diseases from which I had suffered were apparently fatal, but Warm Springs evidently had got each just in time, giving me a chance to go out and catch another incurable malady and dash back here to get rid of it. That enterprising youngster who syndicated the article must have made several fortunes out of it, but he never even sent me a 5 per cent commission. \nWorse than that, it started a flood of correspondence, which hasn't reached its crest yet. I thought I had a good many people writing me letters before that, but since \n \nadministration; maybe then I can get the franking privilege back. \nOn top of all this here is The Telegraph sending the money for this column to Tom Loyless -- and so far I don't even get postage back. \nNevertheless, there is one redeeming feature about Georgia newspapers -- they are more or less Democratic in their editorial tone. That is one reason why my digestion is perfect down here. Back home my digestion starts the day all right, but after reading the morning papers at the breakfast table, things go wrong. By the time I have finished reading the evening papers, I am a hopeless dyspeptic. \nHonestly though, you people in Georgia have no conception of the odds under which Northern Democrats labor. Take, for instance, upstate New York i.e. all of the State outside of New York City. Over 90 per cent of the daily papers and over 90 per cent of the local weekly papers are Republican through and through. It isn't even an intelligent Republicanism. Politically they form one vast combine. There is practically no individual editorship, practically no independent comment or thought. They are organized almost 100 per cent to keep harping on and disseminating the carefully prepared propaganda of the Republican organization. \n \nUnexpected arrivals began seeking FDR's therapy in 1925. \nlast November I have had to take on six or eight additional secretaries and stenographers to handle my mail. Every human being, male or female, between Florida and Alaska who has a stomach-ache, a cold in the nose or a gouty toe, it would seem, writes to old Dr. Roosevelt, with the firm belief that I can point out to them, from personal experience, how to get cured. Why, they are going to raise my little post office on the Hudson River from a third-class office to a first-class office because of the increased number of stamps I have had to buy (no longer having the privilege of using `official business' envelopes of our Uncle Sam for nothing). It sure is time to get another Democratic \n \nLet me give you an example. Last February there was published in New York State an analysis by me of figures showing that the Democratic vote in New York State as a whole was definitely an increasing vote in proportion to that for Republican candidates. My figures went back for five years, covered all candidates from President down, and were taken from the official returns. The conclusion was so favorable to the Democratic party, especially those in localities where active organization work had been carried on, that the Republican organization realized that they had been hard hit. What happened? Within a month, over sixty upstate newspapers had commented on the figures and in the same language, word for word, from beginning to end. In other words, the Republican State committee bureau had written out an editorial form of an answer, which deliberately garbled my official figures, and tried to reply to fact by ridicule. And this made-to-order \n \n3 \n \ncont. next page \n \n widely disseminated stuff was grabbed and used by the Republican press (i.e. by practically the whole press in upstate New York). \nIt seems to me, that for the good of the average man and woman in this country, it is better to have papers carry the individual opinions of their owners and editor -- as they do in Georgia -- than to be the mere hirelings of a well-oiled political organization, as they are in the North. This is based, of course, on the assumption that down here the average reader reads more than one paper. In upstate New York, even if you do read several papers, you get precisely the same opinions from each, and generally in the same language. Down here, it is a liberal education to read, for example, the editorial comments of \n \nThe Macon Telegraph, the Atlanta Constitution, and the Atlanta Journal, the same day. \nHowever, I must not get mixed up in Georgia politics. You people can mix it up to your heart's contents over all the local matters in the world just so long as you come together and work shoulder to shoulder when it comes to national issues and the general strengthening and better organization of the Democratic party throughout the United States. I shall send this off before T.W.L. comes back with the wild flowers -- otherwise he might edit it. \nFRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT \nWarm Springs, Ga. \n \nSnapshots from 1925 \nRoosevelt's second visit was full of activity, mostly unexpected. More and more patients arrived and \"Doc\" Roosevelt had to think about caring for those seeking his help. He would go on to write more articles for the Telegraph and at the same time, develop plans for a center to treat polio patients. \nFranklin D. Roosevelt was becoming FDR. \n \n4 Roosevelt's Little White House - 706-655-5870 - 401 Little White House Rd. - Warm Springs, Ga. 31830 \n \n "},{"id":"dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2019-sspring-belec-p-btext","title":"The Little White House newsletter, 2019 Spring","collection_id":"dlg_ggpd","collection_title":"Georgia Government Publications","dcterms_contributor":["Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.), issuing body."],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. Roosevelt's Little White House"],"dc_date":["2019-04"],"dcterms_description":["Began in 2014?","Winter quarter 2014 (harvested on May 1, 2020 from gastateparks.org); title from PDF caption (Georgia Government Publications database, viewed June 15, 2020)","Fall quarter 2019 (Georgia Government Publications database, viewed June 16, 2020)."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Warm Springs, Ga. : Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. Roosevelt's Little White House"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945--Periodicals","Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.)--Periodicals","United States--History--1933-1945--Periodicals","Newsletters"],"dcterms_title":["The Little White House newsletter, 2019 Spring"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Georgia. Map and Government Information Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/do:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2019-sspring-belec-p-btext"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/id:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2019-sspring-belec-p-btext"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["newsletters"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 Periodicals.","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 fast"],"iiif_manifest_url_ss":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":"The Little White House NEWSLETTER \n \nRoosevelt's Little White House - 706-655-5870 - 401 Little White House Rd. - Warm Springs, Ga. 31830 \nSpring Quarter 2019 \nThe Little White House: Not Just A Presidential Retreat The Executive Branch of government of the United States of America was running the country \nfrom Warm Springs, Georgia \n \nImagine a line of railway cars pulling into Warm Springs. Next imagine dozens of government officials, dignitaries, staff and the President of the United States, disembarking and preparing to go to work. Such was the case when President Roosevelt came to town. Yes, there would be moments of fun, swimming, picnicking and visiting with the polio patients but more often than not, FDR was working. \nWhat looks like a leisurely chat on the back porch (right) of the Little White House is actually an impromptu meeting with cabinet members to discuss the ramifications of the repeal of the 18th Amendment to the Constitution on December 6, 1933. \n \nThere are many other photographs depicting what appears to be a \"break\" for the president, but FDR was always on the go. In Warm Springs, he could drive his automobile down to the pools or to Dowdell's Knob, while at the same time conduct the business of governing our nation. \nIn this issue, we will provide a condensed list of works FDR performed as President while at Warm Springs. \n1 \n \n Below are just a very few snapshots of FDR at work while in Warm Springs. \nThe Governor, senators and officials from the state of Georgia meet with the President to discuss issues of local interests at the Little White House. A picnic at Dowdell's Knob mixed business with pleasure as cabinet members, dignitaries and diplomats met with the President to discuss New Deal programs. The same was true at FDR's therapy pools as seen in the photo (far right) with Sec. Ickes, Sec. Wallace and others. \nFDR creates the Southern Governors Assoc., consolidatin2g the southern vote into a political force. \n \n This is a list of some of the official works performed while FDR was in Georgia. \nNov. 17 - Dec. 6, 1933 Executive Order No. 6433A, Creation of the National Emergency Council. - November 17, 1933 Address Delivered at Savannah, Georgia - November 18, 1933 A Thanksgiving Day Proclamation. - November 21, 1933 Executive Order No. 6443. - November 22, 1933 Radio Address on Maryland Tercentenary Celebration. - November 22, 1933 Exchange of Letters between the President and Mr. Litvinov. - November 22, 1933 Presidential Statement of Non-Intervention in Cuba - November 23, 1933 Address at the Georgia Hall Dedication - November 24, 1933 Executive Order No. 6470 The Creation of the Public Works Emergency Housing Corporation. - November 29, 1933 The President Position on Haitian Bonds. - November 29, 1933 Greetings on the Forty-fifth Anniversary of the Lord's Day Alliance. - December 4, 1933 Executive Order No. 6474 Creation of the Federal Alcohol Control Administration. - December 4, 1933 Proclamation No. 2065 Repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment. - December 5, 1933 White House Statement pm the National Emergency Council - December 6, 1933 White House Statement on Jurisdiction of A.A.A. and N.R.A. - December 6, 1933 Address before the Federal Council of Churches of Christ in America - December 6, 1933 \nNov. 10 - Dec. 5, 1934 White House Statement on Distribution of Electricity by the New York Power Authority. - November 12, 1934 Letter to the United States Conference of Mayors. - November 23, 1934 White House Statement on Creating a Coordinating Committee for Federal Lending Activities. - November 14, 1934 Message to the Grange. - November 14, 1934 Address to Advisory Council of the Committee on Economic Security. - November 14, 1934 Thanksgiving Day Proclamation. - November 15, 1934 Address at George Rogers Clark Celebration, Harrodsburg, Kentucky. - November 16, 1934 Remarks at Clinch River Below the Norris Dam. - November 16, 1934 Remarks at Corinth, Miss. - November 27, 1934 Remarks at Tupelo, Miss. - November 18, 1934 Remarks at Birmingham, Ala. - November 18, 1934 Excerpts from the Press Conference. Warm Springs, Ga. - November 23, 1934 Executive Order 6910 on Withdrawal of Public Lands for Conservation. - November 26, 1934 Excerpts from the Press Conference at Warm Springs, Ga. - November 28, 1934 Remarks at Thanksgiving Day Party at Warm Springs, Georgia. - November 29, 1934 Letter on the United Hospital Campaign. - December 4, 1934 Greetings to the American Foundation for the Blind. - December 5, 1934 Greetings to the Farm Bureau. - December 10, 1934 Address to the Conference on Crime. - December 10, 1934 \n3 \n \n Nov. 21 - Dec. 8, 1935 Remarks at the Annual Thanksgiving Dinner, Warm Springs, Georgia. - November 28, 1935 Address at Atlanta, Georgia. - November 29, 1935 Greetings by Telephone to the American Foundation for the Blind. - December 5, 1935 Remarks to Orthopedic Surgeons, Warm Springs, Georgia. - December 7, 1935 \nMar. 12 - 26, 1937 Radio Greeting on St. Patrick's Day. Warm Springs, Ga.  March 17, 1937 Remarks at a Schoolhouse Dedication. Warm Springs, Ga.  March 18, 1937 \nMarch 23 - Apr. 2, 1938 Transmittal to Congress of the Record of the Removal of the Chairman of the Tennessee Valley Authority. - March 25, 1938 Address at Gainesville, Georgia. - March 23, 1938 State Department Release on Help for German Refugees. - March 24, 1938 Transmittal to Congress of a Proposed Hungarian Relief Debt Settlement. - March 28, 1938 Statement on the Death of Colonel House. - March 28, 1938 Letter on the Reorganization Bill. - March 29, 1938 \nAug.10 - 11, 1938 Address at Barnesville, Georgia. - August 11, 1938 Address at University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. - August 11, 1938 \nNov. 21 - Dec. 4, 1938 Statement on Refugees in Palestine. - November 23, 1938 Radio Address at Thanksgiving Dinner, Warm Springs Foundation, Warm Springs, Georgia. - November 24, 1938 \nMar. 30 - Apr. 9, 1939 Remarks at Tuskegee Institute, Tuskegee, Alabama. - March 30, 1939 Remarks at Alabama Polytechnic Institute. Auburn, Alabama. - March 30, 1939 Excerpts from the Press Conference. Warm Springs, Georgia. - March 31, 1939 Statement on a Rider to a Defense Measure. - April 4, 1939 Excerpts from the Press Conference. Warm Springs, Georgia. - April 8, 1939 Remarks Regarding Approaching War. Warm Springs, Georgia. - April 9, 1939 \nNov. 22 - 29, 1939 Remarks at Thanksgiving Dinner, Warm Springs Foundation, Warm Springs, Georgia. - November 23, 1939 Letter Thanking the War Resources Board of 1939. - November 24, 1939 \n4 \n \n April 19 - 27, 1940 Radio Address Before the Pan American Governing Board. - April 15, 1940 Request for Authority to Expend Relief Appropriations. - April 18, 1940 Radio Address to the Young Democratic Clubs of America. - April 20, 1940 Proclamation 2399 on the Neutrality of the United States in the War Between Germany and Norway. - April 25, 1940 \nNov. 29, 1941 133 Remarks at the Warm Springs Foundation Dinner, Warm Springs, Georgia. - November 29, 1941 \nApr. 15 - 16, 1943 38 Remarks at the Warm Springs Foundation. - April 15, 1943 \nNov. 27 - Dec. 17, 1944 125 Letter to Department Heads and Agencies Against Predicting an Early End of the War. - December 1, 1944 126 Transmittal to Congress of the U.N.R.R.A.'s First Quarterly Report. - December 5, 1944 \nMar. 30 - Apr. 13, 1945 Excerpts from the Last Press Conference. Warm Springs, Georgia. - April 5, 1945 Letter to the Chairman of the O.W.M.R. Advisory Board on the Postwar Economy. - April 7, 1945 Statement on the Anniversary of the Attacks on Norway and Denmark. - April 9, 1945 Undelivered Address Prepared for Jefferson Day. - April 13, 1945 \nPresident Roosevelt and Treasury Secretary Morganthau in Warm Springs. \nWe hope that you will make plans to come visit the place that transformed Franklin D. Roosevelt into FDR: \nRoosevelt's Little White House State Historic Site \n5 Roosevelt's Little White House - 706-655-5870 - 401 Little White House Rd. - Warm Springs, Ga. 31830 For more information about Roosevelt's Little White House, scheduling tours and hours of operation, please visit our website: \nwww.GeorgiaStateParks.org or like us at www.Facebook.com/littlewhitehouse \n \n "},{"id":"dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2019-swinter-belec-p-btext","title":"The Little White House newsletter, 2019 Winter","collection_id":"dlg_ggpd","collection_title":"Georgia Government Publications","dcterms_contributor":["Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.), issuing body."],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. Roosevelt's Little White House"],"dc_date":["2019-01"],"dcterms_description":["Began in 2014?","Winter quarter 2014 (harvested on May 1, 2020 from gastateparks.org); title from PDF caption (Georgia Government Publications database, viewed June 15, 2020)","Fall quarter 2019 (Georgia Government Publications database, viewed June 16, 2020)."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Warm Springs, Ga. : Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. Roosevelt's Little White House"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945--Periodicals","Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.)--Periodicals","United States--History--1933-1945--Periodicals","Newsletters"],"dcterms_title":["The Little White House newsletter, 2019 Winter"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Georgia. Map and Government Information Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/do:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2019-swinter-belec-p-btext"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/id:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2019-swinter-belec-p-btext"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["newsletters"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 Periodicals.","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 fast"],"iiif_manifest_url_ss":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":"The Little White House NEWSLETTER \n \nRoosevelt's Little White House - 706-655-5870 - 401 Little White House Rd. - Warm Springs, Ga. 31830 \n \nAfrican Americans, FDR and Warm Springs \n \nWinter Quarter 2019 \n \nWarm Springs transformed the life of FDR and in turn, he transformed the lives of millions. Little has been told of the African \n \nAmerican experience connected to Warm Springs and Franklin D. Roosevelt. In this issue, we will explore just a few of the \n \ninfluences and inspirations African Americans provided the President and First Lady just as civil rights era began to bud. \n \nIRVIN McDUFFIE DEVOTED VALET TO FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT \nOnly a very few men in our nation's history can say they served as valet to the President of the United States. Irvin McDuffie was one of them. Hired by Franklin Delano Roosevelt as valet and personal assistant, McDuffie  or Mac, as FDR called him  later described Roosevelt as \"the kindest and finest man in the world.\" \nIrvin McDuffie was a Georgia native. He worked his way up from shining shoes in an Atlanta barber shop to co-owning a shop. Along the way, however, he also served as a valet for the German consul in Atlanta. In 1927, McDuffie injured his legs and, after that, could not stand for extended periods. One of his barbershop customers heard him say he wished to find another valet position instead. As it happened, this customer was a building materials supplier to FDR's Warm Springs Foundation. He mentioned McDuffie to Roosevelt, knowing he was looking for a valet. \nUnlike some other presidential valets, McDuffie never actually selected FDR's wardrobe. He would lay out several options, but FDR always made the final decision. McDuffie did make an \"executive\" wardrobe decision one time, though. He confiscated the tie FDR was wearing at the time of an attempted assassination in 1933, when he was still President-Elect. He felt the tie had become unlucky. \n \nhelped him put on his steel leg braces. He also helped him dress. He was always in awe of Roosevelt, one time saying of him, \"He can work five men to death while he lies in bed.\" \nIrvin McDuffie even had an official double. FDR started using one  a man named Sean O'Grady  in 1932. Although the President had received death threats, the primary reason for introducing a double was that the president's polio tired him, making it difficult to make every scheduled public appearance. From even a short distance, O'Grady looked \nremarkably like FDR. And just after the inauguration in 1933, the president's valet was also replaced with a double for certain public appearances -- one Rufus Strother. This was the first time either an American President or his valet used a double. \nMcDuffie himself accompanied President Roosevelt to Brazil in 1936. During the visit, Mac was detained by the Rio de Janeiro police. It was a mistake, but the incident caused McDuffie to miss the sailing of the USS Indianapolis, the President's ship. FDR was so upset at the thought of making do without his valet, he dispatched the USS Chester to bring McDuffie home. \nIn her memoirs, Lizzie McDuffie noted that she and her husband became FDR's insider spokespeople for African American conditions. Their positions within the White House family were well-known, so they were privy to reports of discrimination in the postal service and the Works Progress Administration, among other issues. They personally carried these stories to the President. \n \nIn addition to duties normally associated with being a valet, McDuffie assisted the President with personal activities made difficult by FDR's polio. Mac lifted FDR into and out of bed and his wheelchair, and \n \nToward the end of his life, Irvin McDuffie worked in a job that FDR arranged at the Treasury Department. He passed away on January 30, 1945. Coincidentally, that was the date of Roosevelt's 63th birthday. source: Raleigh DeGeers \n \n Lizzie McDuffie Maid for the President as well as the King and Queen of England \n \nElizabeth \"Lizzie\" McDuffie worked for the to reelect Roosevelt and \"intimate details of recommendation to help her chances. \n \nRoosevelt family as a maid from the 1920s White House life.\" \n \nHowever, the role was given to Hattie \n \nuntil President Franklin D. Roosevelt passed \n \nMcDaniel, who later won the Academy \n \naway while in office in 1945. Her husband, Finally, McDuffie was known to many in the Award for Best Supporting Actress, the first \n \nIrvin \"Mac\" McDuffie, was the president's White House as a talented entertainer. Lillian African American entertainer to do so. \n \npersonal valet. During her time at the White Rogers Parks, whose tenure in the White \n \nHouse, Lizzie McDuffie made an impact in House as a seamstress overlapped with \n \nAlso, Lizzie and Mac helped set the house \n \nmany ways. \n \nMcDuffie's, recalled in her memoir that \n \nup (Springwood) for the arrival of the King \n \nPresident Roosevelt loved to hear McDuffie and Queen of England. Below is the letter \n \nBecause of their close proximity to the \n \n\"recite.\" Lorena Hickok, a friend of Eleanor Eleanor wrote to FDR's Mother for the \n \npresident, the McDuffies heard from many Roosevelt and a reporter for the \n \nmomentous visit of King George VI and \n \nAfrican Americans across the country, and Associated Press, once heard \n \nQueen Elizabeth to Hyde \n \nthey were able to bring some problems to McDuffie's recitations on a car \n \nPark in 1939. \n \nPresident Roosevelt's attention. Lizzie \n \nride together. She later called \n \nMcDuffie herself made sure that the \n \nMcDuffie a \"fascinating \n \npresident was aware of racial discrimination person\" in a letter to Eleanor \n \nin the Postal Service and Works Progress Roosevelt. Hickok and \n \nAdministration. She was also an important McDuffie both mentioned \n \ncontact between civil rights advocates and how McDuffie had enjoyed \n \nFirst Lady Eleanor Roosevelt. \n \nreading \"Gone with the \n \nWind\" after borrowing \n \nMcDuffie also went on the campaign trail for the book from a Secret \n \nPresident Roosevelt during the elections of Service agent. McDuffie \n \n1936 and 1940 in an effort to gain the \n \nlater went to New York \n \nsupport of African-American voters. To \n \nto audition for the \n \nmany, she was considered an authority on part of Mammy in \n \nthe administration due to her and her \n \n\"Gone with the \n \nhusband's employment at the White House. A Wind.\" The first lady \n \nnewspaper account of one rally in St. Louis even provided a \n \nsaid that she gave both \"statistical reasons\" letter of \n \n Daisy McAfee Bonner \"The Queen of the Larder.\" \nDaisy Bonner cooked the first meal and the last one in the Little White House. She began cooking at the Meriwether Inn and went on to cook for FDR until his death in 1945. He nicknamed her \"Queen of the Larder\" for her cooking skills. I imagine that she is the only person to have seen everyone who entered the president's cottage. She died in 1958 and is buried in an unmarked grave in Warm Springs. Sadly, she is the only person who was never interviewed after FDR's death, although I don't think she would have divulged any secrets. \nShe was famously known for her \"Country Captain\" and other comfort foods at the Meriwether Inn. Fred Botts, one of the first polio patients to come to Warm Springs in 1925 described his first meal like this: \"I was wheeled out to the dining, room and placed at the head of a long table. A girl sat a large platter of \"something\" in front of me which I was smilingly told was \"Country Captain\".\" This is a typical southern dish (or is it from India?) and is composed as follows: chicken, rice, raisins, tomatoes, onions, thyme, curry and garlic. An artistic hand had delicately frescoed it over --- fore and aft, so that now it reposed in front of me a truly beautiful study in brown and white. I ate it all up!\" \nInside the Little White House is a note penciled on the wall by Daisy Bonner in 1947 when she came back to help inventory the house after it was dedicated as a memorial to FDR that states: \"Daisy Bonner Cook the first meal and the last one in this cottage for President Roosevelt.\" \nFrom the book: The President's Kitchen Cabinet: The Story of the African Americans Who Have Fed Our First Families, from the Washingtons to the Obamas by Adrien Miller Daisy McAfee Bonner, for example, FDR's cook at his Warm Springs retreat, described the president's final day on earth in 1945, when he was struck down just as his lunchtime cheese souffl emerged from the oven. Sorrowfully, but with a cook's pride, she recalled, \"He never ate that souffl, but it never fell until the minute he died.\" \n \n If you make a pilgrimage to Hyde Park to FDR's home, you will see that the cafeteria at the welcoming center there is named after his White House cook, Henrietta Nesbitt. There is a bit of underlying humor and irony here. By all reports, FDR hated Mrs. Nesbitt's cooking and much preferred that of his cook at Warm Springs, Daisy Bonner. \nPresident Roosevelt's Favorite Dish \nFrom Lady Liberty by Pat DiGeorge, based on the experiences of her parents during World War II \n \n\"It's been a while since I've written about one of my favorite World War II veterans, Lt. Col. Monroe F. \"Buddy\" Stamps. Buddy also served our country in Korea and on his very last day of duty barely made it out alive. Buddy grew up in Manchester, GA, a stone's throw from President Roosevelt's Little White House at Warm Springs. Buddy's mother happened to be a friend of Miss Daisy Bonner, the President's cook while he was at Warm Springs. Daisy cooked for the President for twenty years. In fact, she prepared \"the first meal and the last\" that he enjoyed in his beloved little home in rural Georgia near the healing springs. Just so no one would forget she scribbled those words on the kitchen wall. Mrs. Stamps, Buddy's Mom, asked Daisy to autograph this recipe, which Daisy labeled as the President's favorite. Rumor has it that Daisy was indeed FDR's preferred cook. I read here that FDR's favorite meal was \"Brunswick Stew\" but I beg to disagree. Daisy said it was \"The Country Captain!\" and I'll take her word for it. Daisy Bonner died on April 23, 1958, at her home in Warm Springs. She was only 55 years old.\" \n \nHere's the recipe for the miraculous souffl that Daisy Bonner prepared the day that her beloved president, Franklin D. Roosevelt, died. Bonner always served this dish with stuffed baked tomatoes, peas, plain lettuce salad with French dressing, Melba toast, and coffee. [The President's Kitchen Cabinet author Adrian Miller.] Ingredients 1 tablespoon butter 2 heaping tablespoons flour Pinch of salt 1/2 teaspoon prepared mustard 1/2 cup whole milk 3/4 cup grated sharp cheddar cheese 5 eggs, separated 1 teaspoon baking powder \n \nDirections \n \n1. Preheat oven to 375 F. \n \n2. Melt the butter in a saucepan and blend in the \n \nflour, salt, and mustard. Gradually add enough milk \n \nto make a thin sauce. \n \n3. Add the cheese and slightly beaten egg yolks. FDR's also lovced Brunwick Stew, as prepared by \n \n4. Set aside to cool until ready to bake. \n \nDaisy. It was be served to him at as a surprise at the \n \n5. When ready to bake, beat the egg whites stiff with planned barbeque/minstrel show he never attended the \n \nthe baking powder. \n \nafternoon of his death. \n \n6. Fold the egg whites into the cheese mixture. \n \nHere's the recipe: \n \n7. Put in a buttered, 8 x 8 baking dish. \n \n3 to 3-1/2 pounds stewing chicken (cut into 8-10 \n \n8. Bake 30 minutes 375 F. \n \npieces) \n \n9. When souffl is done it should be very high and 3/4 teaspoon salt \n \nbrown but soft in the middle. \n \n1/2 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper \n \n10. Serve immediately. \n \n2 tablespoons bacon fat \n \n1 medium yellow onion, diced \n \n2 green onions, diced \n \n3 cups small potatoes, diced \n \n3 large tomatoes, peeled and diced \n \n1-1/2 cups Lima or butter beans, fresh or frozen \n \n1 cup corn kernels, fresh or frozen \n \n1/2 cup okra, diced \n \n1/2 cup sherry \n \n2 tablespoons Worcestershire sauce \n \n2 tablespoons butter \n \n Graham Jackson, Sr. \"Official Musician of the State of Georgia\" \nChief Petty Officer Graham Jackson became a personal friend of Eleanor and President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and had played command performances in Washington numerous times. He was present in Warm Springs, Georgia, when Roosevelt died on April 12, 1945. The two had been collaborating at the Little White House on a version of Dvorak's \"Goin' Home\" the day before. Jackson became a national icon when Ed Clark, a Life magazine photographer, captured a photo of a tearful Jackson, accordion in hand, playing \"Goin' Home\" as Roosevelt's funeral train left Warm Springs. \nAmerica was in mourning on April 12, 1945. Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the country's only four-term president, who had led a shattered people through the impossible days of the Depression and through most of the Second World War, had just died of a massive cerebral hemorrhage. \nEd Clark, a Life magazine photographer, drove all night from his home in Nashville to Roosevelt's residence in Warm Springs, Ga., to cover the news. He arrived in time to join a swarm of photographers and reporters jockeying for position as the hearse carrying Roosevelt's coffin approached the rail station for its trip back to Washington. Then Clark, a slight, unobtrusive man, heard one of Roosevelt's favorite hymns, \"Goin' Home,\" being played on an accordion. With his Leica in hand, he wheeled and saw a Navy bandsman, CPO Graham Jackson, with tears of anguish streaming down his face. \"I thought, what a picture,\" Clark told an interviewer years later. Clark hoped that no one else saw what he was seeing as he snapped a few frames. Apparently no one else did, and Clark's dramatic photo, which became the symbol of a nation in grief, took up an entire page in the next issue of Life. \nJackson served in the Navy from 1942 to 1945. Eventually he received six honorary citations for his war bond fundraising, which helped yield more than $3,000,000 in sales, and recruiting for the Navy. As his musical notoriety increased, Jackson became known as \"The Ambassador of Good Will\". He was named Official Musician of the State of Georgia by Governor Jimmy Carter on November 30, 1971. Newspaper clippings in his personal papers state that he played for six presidents earning him the title: \"Entertainer of Presidents\". \n \n Tuskegee Airmen and WWII \nC. Alfred \"Chief\" Anderson \nAnderson with Eleanor Roosevelt, March 1941 \nThe First Lady's flight \nIn 1940, Anderson was recruited by the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, to serve as the Chief Civilian Flight Instructor for its new program to train black pilots. He developed a pilot training program, taught the Program's first advanced course, and earned his nickname, \"Chief\". In March 1941, First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt was touring the Institute's hospital. Knowing of the flight program, she asked to meet its chief instructor. The First Lady told Anderson she had always heard that \"colored people couldn't fly,\" but it appeared that he could. \"I'm just going to have a take flight with you,\" she said. Anderson was not about to turn down the First Lady, despite the protests of her security detail. Upon returning 40 minutes later, Anderson's delighted passenger exclaimed, \"Well I see you can fly, all right!\" No doubt her experience was a boost to the Roosevelt administration, which had just established the Tuskegee Airmen Experiment to explore if it was possible to train black pilots for military service. Anderson went on to train other famous Military Aviation Pioneers \n \nsuch as General Benjamin O. Davis, Jr. and General Daniel \"Chappie\" James, Sr. \nEleanor Roosevelt used her position as a trustee of the Julius Rosenwald Fund to arrange a loan of $175,000 to help finance the building of Moton Field. \nBy June 1941, Anderson was selected by the Army as Tuskegee's Ground Commander and Chief Instructor for aviation cadets of the 99th Pursuit Squadron, America's first allblack fighter squadron. The 99th would \n \neventually join three other squadrons of Tuskegee Airmen in the 332nd Fighter Group, known as the Red Tails. The 450 Tuskegee Airmen who saw combat flew 1,378 combat missions, destroyed 260 enemy planes, and earned over 150 Distinguished Flying Crosses, among numerous other awards. \n \n Warm Springs Rosenwald School \nBooker T. Washington of the Tuskegee Institute and Julius Rosenwald, philanthropist and president of Sears Roebuck, built state-of-the art schools for African-American children across the South. The effort has been called the most important initiative to advance black education in the early 20th century. \nAttending a Rosenwald School put a student at the vanguard of education for southern African-American children. The architecture of the schools was a tangible statement of the equality of all children, and their programming made them a focal point of community identity and aspirations. \nBy 1928, one-third of the South's rural black school children and teachers were served by Rosenwald Schools. \n1932, the year of Julius Rosenwald's death, the fund president announced that the Rural School Building Program would end with the close of that year. Before his election to the presidency, FDR promised the black residents of that town that they would get a Rosenwald School. In 1937, after his election, his Georgia friends gently reminded him of his pledge to them. Although the Rosenwald Fund had not made a school grant since 1932, President Franklin Roosevelt placed a call to Samuel Smith, who now headed the fund. Soon, Warm Springs had a new Rosenwald School--the last to be built in the South. Fittingly, it was named for another champion of equality: Eleanor Roosevelt. \nThe Eleanor Roosevelt School was dedicated on March 18, 1937. The keynote speaker was President Roosevelt. Edwin R. Embree, president of the Julius Rosenwald Fund, addressed the crowd, along with M.L. Collins, state Superintendent of education. Robert L. Cousins, director of Negro education, accepted the building. S.L. Smith introduced the President as \"your friend and good neighbor, Franklin Delano Roosevelt!\" Roosevelt remarked that he began to learn economics at Warm Springs in 1924 through discussions with his neighbors about teachers' salaries and the price of cotton. \nDedication of the Eleanor Roosevelt Schoolhouse Warm Springs, Georgia, March 18, 1937 \n\"I am glad that I have been introduced as your neighbor because I have been your neighbor now for a great many years. I am also glad that Mr. Smith went back to that day in Albany, in 1929, when we talked about the school needs in Warm Springs. The Julius Rosenwald Fund helped there materially in providing us with the plans for the other school which was built in 1929, and with the completion of this school this community is now pretty well fitted out with its physical needs as to school buildings. I have known the parents and the grandparents of a good many of the boys and girls who are actually at school in this building at the present time, so that I have a personal feeling for you boys and girls. I know that this school is going to help you to be good citizens.\" FDR \n \n George Washington Carver: Peanut Oil and Polio In the 1930s, Carver began to treat patients with peanut oil massages. He reported positive results, which in turn made more and more people want to undergo the treatment. Even Franklin Delano Roosevelt joined in; gifted with the oil by Carver, he told the scientist, \"I do use peanut oil from time to time and I am sure that it helps.\" Unfortunately, despite the improvements that Carver witnessed and reported, there was never any scientific evidence that peanut oil actually helped polio victims recover. Instead, the patients may have benefited from the massage treatment itself, as well as the attentive care that Carver provided. At Tuskegee Carver treated his friends to massages with peanut oil. By the 1930s he became convinced peanut oil could ameliorate the devastating paralysis that accompanied polio. He was certain that peanut oil applied during a massage not only saturated the skin and flesh but actually entered the blood stream and helped restore life to limbs withered by the effects of polio. In 1933 the Associated Press carried a story about Carver's alleged successes with peanut oil massages and, for a time, Tuskegee began to look like Lourdes as paralyzed pilgrims flocked to the Alabama school. It is not clear just how effective Carver's massages were in treating polio. It is true that many of those treated testified that he had helped them regain at least some use of paralyzed limbs. Certainly, his claims about peanut oil massages do suggest a bit of the charlatan, but it should be pointed out that he never took payment for his treatments and that polio was a crippling disease that each summer seemed to affect more and more people. The fear of polio dd not end until the development of an effective vaccine in the 1950s. \nBooker T Washington Postage Stamp On April 7, 1940, the Post Office Department issued a stamp honoring African-American educator Booker T. Washington (1856-1915) as part of its Famous Americans Series. The nation's first stamp to honor an African-American, it holds a unique place in American history. Social, economic, and legislative struggles since 1940 have produced deeper understanding and acceptance among racial groups. Today, the United States Postal Service (USPS) regularly honors African-Americans and their widely varied contributions to the nation and the world. Born a slave in Hale's Ford, Virginia, Washington served as a role model for other struggling African-Americans, and, as founder of Alabama's Tuskegee Normal Industrial School (renamed Tuskegee Institute in 1937), he profoundly influenced the community's selfesteem and self-reliance. In 1938, President Franklin D. Roosevelt, responding to numerous petitions from African-American supporters, recognized the timeliness of such a stamp and directed that Washington be considered for this important stamp series. Booker T Washington founded Tuskegee Institute. He is also the first African American ever to be issued on a postage stamp. That was accomplished by President Roosevelt and one of the stamps is on display in the Memorial Museum \n \n Basil O'Connor - Race and Polio \nIn September 1937, Roosevelt announced the formation of the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis to \"direct and coordinate the fight against this disease in all its phases.\" The new foundation (soon known popularly by its campaign slogan, the March of Dimes) would be directed by O'Connor, and the president would not \"hold any official position in it.\" With Warm Springs trustees no longer in charge of national polio fundraising, the Georgia center could become just one of a number of regional centers caring for polio patients and training specialists. \nIn April 1939, Roosevelt made his first official visit to the Tuskegee Institute. He praised the beauty of the campus, visited the Veterans Hospital and shook hands with patients in wheelchairs, and talked briefly with Carver. O'Connor came in May to speak at the institute's commencement ceremonies, where he announced that the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis would fund the Infantile Paralysis Center. \nThe Tuskegee Institute opened a polio center in 1941, funded by the March of Dimes. The center's founding was the result of a new visibility of Black polio survivors and the growing political embarrassment around the policy of the Georgia Warm Springs polio rehabilitation center, which Franklin Roosevelt had founded in the 1920s before he became president and which had maintained a Whites-only policy of admission. This policy, reflecting the ubiquitous norm of race-segregated health facilities of the era, was also sustained by a persuasive scientific argument about polio itself: that Blacks were not susceptible to the disease. \nAfter a decade of civil rights activism, this notion of polio as a White disease was challenged, and Black health professionals, emboldened by a new integrationist epidemiology, demanded that in polio, as in American medicine at large, health care \nshould be provided regardless of race, color, or creed. \nWith the opening of the Tuskegee Infantile Paralysis Center and the prominent support of the nation's largest disease philanthropy, Black leaders had a platform to talk in general about race and medicine, health care access, and the training of professionals. March of Dimes money shored up Tuskegee's financial troubles, and by 1948 O'Connor had become president of the institute's board of trustees. \nAll of this history, and so much more, happened because a private citizen, Franklin D. Roosevelt, came to swim in the warm springs of Georgia. Only because of his experiences in Warm Springs, Georgia was he able to reenter the political world. And because he did, the world changed for millions of Americans to this day. \nWe hope that you will come see the place where the world changed: \nRoosevelt's Little White House \nRoosevelt's Little White House - 706-655-5870 - 401 Little White House Rd. - Warm Springs, Ga. 31830 For more information about Roosevelt's Little White House, scheduling tours and hours of operation, please visit our website: \nwww.GeorgiaStateParks.org or like us at www.Facebook.com/littlewhitehouse \n \n "},{"id":"dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2018-sfall-belec-p-btext","title":"The Little White House newsletter, 2018 Fall","collection_id":"dlg_ggpd","collection_title":"Georgia Government Publications","dcterms_contributor":["Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.), issuing body."],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. Roosevelt's Little White House"],"dc_date":["2018-10"],"dcterms_description":["Began in 2014?","Winter quarter 2014 (harvested on May 1, 2020 from gastateparks.org); title from PDF caption (Georgia Government Publications database, viewed June 15, 2020)","Fall quarter 2019 (Georgia Government Publications database, viewed June 16, 2020)."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Warm Springs, Ga. : Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. Roosevelt's Little White House"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945--Periodicals","Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.)--Periodicals","United States--History--1933-1945--Periodicals","Newsletters"],"dcterms_title":["The Little White House newsletter, 2018 Fall"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Georgia. Map and Government Information Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/do:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2018-sfall-belec-p-btext"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/id:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2018-sfall-belec-p-btext"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["newsletters"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 Periodicals.","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 fast"],"iiif_manifest_url_ss":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":"The Little White House NEWSLETTER \nRoosevelt's Little White House - 706-655-5870 - 401 Little White House Rd. - Warm Springs, Ga. 31830 \nFall Quarter 2018 \nTwo Headlines That Changed The World \n2018 marks the 90th Anniversary of Roosevelt's reentry into the political world from Warm Springs, Ga. When FDR arrived in Warm Springs for the first time, no one knew the destiny of the world would be forever changed by a newspaper article. \nOn October 3, 1924 Franklin D. Roosevelt visited Warm Springs, Georgia for the first time. It was his last hope of finding a cure for the polio that had left him crippled three years earlier. Eleanor came with him and he was carried from the train to an awaiting automobile. The man who carried him had no idea that within ten years, FDR would be the most powerful man in the nation, carrying the weight of a crippled nation on his shoulders. That first night Roosevelt was kept awake by squirrels running across the roof of his cottage. \nThe next day, Roosevelt took his first swim in the Warm Springs pool. The water was pleasant he noted and soon he was able to stand in four feet of water - something he had been unable to do previously. \nRoosevelt swam daily for the next two weeks. He also began to explore the countryside and towns meeting the local folks. It was here that Roosevelt got his first glimpse of rural southern poverty; it left a very strong impression on him - one that helped shape many of his New Deal programs a decade later. \nThere was little fanfare during his first visit but Cleburne Gregory of the Atlanta Journal came down under the orders of Clark Howell to find out what the former Assistant Secretary of the Navy and Vice Presidential candidate was doing in this neck of the woods. Roosevelt didn't want any press coverage but agreed to an interview. The article is notable for many reasons but mainly for the first time in three years, FDR said that he was able to move his right leg. He also commented on the beauty of the area and the hospitality he received, what he called \"the Spirit of Warm Springs\". He would come to rely upon these qualities, this spirit, for the next twenty one years. The article and photographs showing Roosevelt's shriveled up legs were published in the October 26, 1924 Sunday Magazine and was syndicated nationally. Unbeknownst to Roosevelt, polios across the country read the story with great interest. \nThe article is quoted at length on the next page. \n'I am deriving wonderful benefit from my stay here,' Mr. Roosevelt said. 'This place is great. See that right leg? It's the first time I have \nbeen able to move it all in three years.' \n \n FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT WILL SWIM TO HEALTH \n \nOctober 26, 1924 \n \nThe Atlanta Journal \n \n'That gives me an idea. I'll get my friend Franklin in some way relaxes muscles drawn taut by the \n \n\"By Cleburne Gregory \n \nRoosevelt down here, if I can,' Mr. Peabody \n \ndisease, and gives the limbs much greater action. \n \nexclaimed. \n \nThe sunshine has curative effects, I understand.' \n \nWARM SPRINGS, GA. -- Franklin D. Roosevelt, \n \nNew York lawyer and banker, assistant secretary Mr. Loyless was in New York recently, and Mr. \n \nof the navy during the World War, and Democratic Peabody arranged for an interview between Mr. \n \nnominee for vice president in 1920, is literally Roosevelt and Mr. Loyless. The result was that \n \nswimming himself back to health and strength at Mr. Roosevelt rented a cottage at Warm Springs, \n \nWarm Springs, Ga. \n \nand arrived there on October 3 to give the baths \n \nSo marked have the benefits been in his case, Mr. Roosevelt plans to return to Warm Springs in March or April, to remain two or three months. At that time he will build a cottage on the hilltops that he may spend a portion of each year there \n \na try-out. A graduate of Harvard and Columbia universities, \n \nan athlete of note in both Alma Maters, an \n \noutdoor lover from his boyhood, fond of \n \nMr. Roosevelt and Mr. Loyless, in adjoining \n \nnature, . . . Mr. Roosevelt was of strong physique cottages, are the only residents of the dozen or \n \nand great endurance until he was stricken during more small houses surrounding the Warm \n \nthe infantile paralysis epidemic in New York in Springs hotel at the present time. The hotel has \n \nthe year 1921. In fact, he had answered the call closed for the winter season. Mr. Loyless is \n \nof the wild, as was his wont before his illness, acting as official host to Mr. Roosevelt, and is \n \nand was at a hunting lodge in the Maine woods giving him the run of the reserve, and of several \n \nwhen the paralysis struck him. \n \ncounties, for that matter. \n \nuntil he is completely cured. Even then he plans to keep coming back, as he 'likes Georgia and Georgians,' he remarked. \nNobody can explain why the waters of Warm Springs, flowing from the foot of Pine Mountain, are almost as warm as the average person's blood. Nor can anyone explain why the waters on the other side of the mountain, where the United States fish hatcheries are located, are unnaturally cold. \n \nMr. Roosevelt does not know how he contracted The distinguished visitor has the large swimming \n \nthe dread disease, and does not regard himself as pool all to himself for two hours or more each Mr. Roosevelt made no effort to explain the \n \nmore outstanding or unfortunate than the \n \nday. He swims, dives, uses the swinging rings and phenomenon, but he did remark 'poor fish' with a \n \nhundreds of other adults who became victims at horizontal bar over the water, and finally crawls characteristic grin. . . . \n \nthe same time by the disease usually confined to out on the concrete pier for a sun bath that lasts \n \nchildhood. All he does know is that he was hit, another hour. Then he dresses, has lunch, rests a Mr. Roosevelt has made a great hit with the \n \nand hit hard, with the result that both of his legs bit on a delightfully shady porch, and spends the people of Warm Springs who have met him, and \n \nwere immovable for many months. Gradually he afternoon driving over the surrounding country, they are extending him a hearty welcome as a \n \nacquired the skill necessary to drag himself \n \nin which he is intensely interested. \n \nprospective regular visitor. A number of Georgia's \n \naround on crutches, and, undaunted, he was a \n \npublic men have also called to pay their respects \n \nprominent figure in the Democratic national \n \nNot only are the swims and the sun baths \n \nand extend greetings. Georgians who attended \n \nconvention in New York last June, making a \n \ndelightful innovations to Mr. Roosevelt, but his the Democratic national convention have been \n \nmemorable address. . . . \n \nmethod of living is enchanting, he admits. Living especially cordial, because they appreciate the \n \na full half mile from the town of Warm Springs, interest Mr. Roosevelt showed in them. . . . \n \nIt was a sort of coincidence that brought Warm Springs, Ga. to Mr. Roosevelt's attention. Three years ago Louis Joseph, a New Yorker who formerly lived at Columbus, hit upon the idea of trying Warm Springs as the locale for a fight \n \nformerly known as Bullochville, he is protected from the intrusion of the curious, and is even favored by infrequent mail deliveries. He expressed real relief at being two or three days behind the news of the world. . . . \n \n'Say! Let's get one of the hot dogs this man makes just outside the swimming pool. They're great,' Mr. Roosevelt challenged. With him everything in Warm Springs is 'great' or 'fine' or \n \nagainst the effects of infantile paralysis. [Joseph \n \n'wonderful.' That is the spirit that has carried \n \nhelped arrange and stayed with Roosevelt on his 'I am deriving wonderful benefit from my stay him to remarkable heights for a man just past his \n \nfirst visit to Warm Springs.] He was in far worse here,' Mr. Roosevelt said. 'This place is great. See fortieth year, and it is the spirit that is going to \n \nshape than Mr. Roosevelt, it is said, but he bathed that right leg? It's the first time I have been able restore him to his pristine health and vigor, for \n \npersistently in the waters of Warm Springs, \n \nto move it all in three years.' \n \npolitical and financial battles and successes in \n \nwhere the pool has a natural temperature of 90 \n \nthe years to come.\" \n \ndegrees the year round. . . . \n \nMr. Roosevelt does not attribute any medicinal \n \neffects to the Warm Springs waters, but he gives \n \nTom Loyless, former Augusta and Columbus \n \nthe water credit for his ability to remain in it for \n \nnewspaper publisher, who is now in charge of the two hours or more, without tiring in the least, \n \ndevelopment of the Warm Springs properties, and the rest of the credit for his improvement is \n \ncasually mentioned the case of Mr. Joseph to given to Georgia's sunshine. \n \nGeorge Foster Peabody, New York philanthropist, \n \nwho is associated in the Warm Springs enterprises. \n \n'The best infantile paralysis specialist in New York told me that the only way to overcome the \n \neffects of the disease was to swim as much as \n \npossible, and bask in the sunlight. Conditions \n \nhere are ideal for both prescriptions. The water \n \n  So how did that headline change the world and what is the other headline? \nFrom October 3, 1924 to October 3, 1928, Franklin D. Roosevelt transformed into FDR. He saw the effects of poverty, lack of education, lack of electricity, and bank foreclosures while at the same time creating the worlds first treatment center for polio patients. During these four years, FDR bought nearly 5000 acres of land and created demonstration farms, authored books, wrote for newspapers, and built cottages. He oversaw the development of hydrotherapy, physical, occupational, recreational therapies as they evolved into sciences, while keeping his name alive in the Democratic Party. He also swam and exercised in the pools and by 1928, he was ready to jump into the pool of politics. After a twelve hour long distance telephone call from Al Smith, the Democratic nominee for President on October 2, 1928, FDR's name was placed in nomination by acclamation as the candidate for Governor of New York. That leads us to the second headline, as FDR is about to meet his political destiny and change the world. The headline and article at length follows. \n \n  F. D. ROOSEVELT NOMINATED FOR \nN. Y. GOVERNOR \nBy The Associated Press. \nWARM SPRINGS, Ga, Oct. 2. -- Franklin D. Roosevelt today accepted the Democratic nomination for governor of New York. \nHis acceptance was made known by Mr. Roosevelt in a telegram to Oliver Cabana, chairman of the democratic state convention in session at Rochester, after he had been notified by the Associated press that the convention had nominated him by acclamation. \nHis telegram to Mr. Cabana follows: \"Please give the convention this message, `Every personal and family consideration has been and is against by becoming the candidate of the convention, but if by accepting I can help the splendid cause of our beloved governor I will yield to your judgment. I will continue in this campaign to do everything possible for the state and national ticket. If elected I shall give my best service to the maintenance of the high example set during all these years by Governor Smith and to the furtherance of the cause of good government in the State of New York.' \nRoosevelt was emerging from his daily exercise in the Warm Springs pool when he received his first word through an Associated Press staff correspondent of his nomination. He then drove to the telegraph office a half mile away v here he found a number of telegrams and where he wrote his message to Mr. Cabana. \nHe said he had wired the Associated Press in Atlanta before he was told of his nomination that he could not be a candidate for the nomination. Mr. Roosevelt added, however, that since the convention had nominated him he could do nothing else but accept. \n_______________ \nROCHESTER, N. Y., Oct. 2.--Franklin D. Roosevelt, former assistant secretary of the navy, was nominated by acclamation for governor of New York by the democratic state convention today. \nDecision of the party leaders at the democratic state convention to name as the nominee for governor Franklin D. Roosevelt, former assistant secretary of the navy, candidate for the vice presidency in 1920, was made early today after the third of a series of conferences with Governor Smith. \nThe delegates had been holding off on the man to head the ticket, in deference to the governor's wishes, While lie had frequently said the convention would be an open one \n \nand that he would not pick the candidate, the leaders did not feel like going ahead until they had consulted with him. \nSelection of Mr. Roosevelt came as a surprise, for only yesterday, shortly after he had arrived here from his western tour, Governor Smith made public a telegram from him saying that he could not run on account of his health. Mr. Roosevelt had been urged many limes to enter the race but each time he refused. He has been suffering from infantile paralysis for several years and is at present in the south for the benefit of his health. \nThere has been a warm attachment between the governor and Mr. Roosevelt for many years. It was Roosevelt who nominated Smith for the presidency at Madison Square Garden and at Houston. \nThe announcement of his selection was made about one o'clock this morning. \nM. William Bray of Utica, the new state chairman, did not directly answer a question as to whether Mr. Roosevelt would consent to make the run, saving that his point would be cleared up at the convention. \nColonel Herbert H. Lehman of New York, finance director of the democratic national committee, who managed one of Governor Smith's campaigns, was announced as his party's chance for lieutenant governor and for United States senator Royal S. Copeland of Nyack, incumbent. \n__________________ \nDidn't Desire Nomination \nATLANTA, Ga., Oct. 2-- Franklin D. Roosevelt in response to a request from the Associated Press dispatched prior to his nomination for Governor at Rochester, telegraphed the following message from his home at Warm Springs, Ga: \n\"Told governor my position remains unchanged. Cannot consent to be a candidate in fairness to my family and myself.\" The Associated Press telegraphed Mr. Roosevelt early this morning, and his reply was received shortly before noon, central time, and a few minutes later a second message was received from him saying. \n\"Sincerely hope convention In Rochester will understand and respect my oft repeated statements. \nMr. Roosevelt's Georgia home is 70 miles southwest of Atlanta in Meriwether County. He has not accessible by telephone this morning. The nearest telephone is in a hotel a half mile from the Roosevelt cottage and \n \ninquirers were told in that Mr. Roosevelt would not be in today. \nWhen Mr. Roosevelt was first approached by New York democratic leaders last week he told them he had two reasons for not accepting the nomination. , . . \"First that he felt he could do Governor Smith more good in the campaign by speaking in cities where he has previous acquaintance because of his service in the Wilson cabinet, and second, that the state of his health would not permit.\" \nMr. Roosevelt came to Georgia two weeks ago to consult, doctors of the Georgia Warm Springs foundation. They told him that it lie would spend two more winters in Georgia, it would be possible to remove the brace from his left leg placed there when he was stricken with infantile paralysis in 1921. \n____________ \nInsists He Will Run. \nROCHESTER, N. Y., Oct. 2.-- Governor Smith, on being informed of the Associated Press dispatch from Atlanta stating that Franklin D. Roosevelt had not consented to accept the democratic nomination for governor of New York, said: ``The convention had the consent of Mr. Roosevelt to do what it did. It nominated him and he will run.\" \n____________ \nWould Repay Confidence \nNEW YORK, Oct. 2.--Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt regards the nomination of her husband as democratic candidate for governor of New York as an opportunity for him to repay the confidence of old friends. \nRoosevelt, who has been forced to use crutches for years, did not want the nomination which was given him at Rochester today, Mrs. Roosevelt said, adding, however: \n\"In the end you have to do what your friends want you to. There comes to every man, if he is wanted, the feeling that there is almost an obligation to return the confidence shown to him.\" \nMrs. Roosevelt at democratic national headquarters, where she ts engaged as a member of the nation al advisory committee, said she hadn't talked with her husband today, but she indicated that family plans which provided for Mr. Roosevelt's staying in the south for his health, would have to be changed. \n\"You don't have to cross bridges until you come to them, however,' she said. \n \n Here is the last photograph of \"private citizen\" Roosevelt, taken in Warm Springs on October 2,1928 just before boarding the train to New York to campaign for governor. He would go on to win, get re-elected, run for President and be elected for four unprecedented terms. He would lead our nation through the Great Depression with the New Deal and into World War II as the most powerful man in the world. At the same time, he spearheaded the fight against polio by founding the March of Dimes. Warm Springs made all of that possible. This press photo literally marks the moment Roosevelt reentered the political world. Two headlines, four years apart, not only changed the life of a man, but of a town, a state, the nation and our world. Franklin D. Roosevelt was surely born in Hyde Park, New York, but he became FDR at Warm Springs, Georgia. Little fanfare will note this historic date but from the Little White House, we say \"Happy 90th Anniversary FDR\". \nRoosevelt's Little White House - 706-655-5870 - 401 Little White House Rd. - Warm Springs, Ga. 31830 For more information about Roosevelt's Little White House, scheduling tours and hours of operation, please visit our website: \nwww.GeorgiaStateParks.org or like us at www.Facebook.com/littlewhitehouse \n \n "},{"id":"dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2018-ssummer-belec-p-btext","title":"The Little White House newsletter, 2018 Summer","collection_id":"dlg_ggpd","collection_title":"Georgia Government Publications","dcterms_contributor":["Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.), issuing body."],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. 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(Franklin Delano), 1882-1945--Periodicals","Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.)--Periodicals","United States--History--1933-1945--Periodicals","Newsletters"],"dcterms_title":["The Little White House newsletter, 2018 Summer"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Georgia. Map and Government Information Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/do:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2018-ssummer-belec-p-btext"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/id:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2018-ssummer-belec-p-btext"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["newsletters"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 Periodicals.","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 fast"],"iiif_manifest_url_ss":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":"The Little White House NEWSLETTER \n \nRoosevelt's Little White House - 706-655-5870 - 401 Little White House Rd. - Warm Springs, Ga. 31830 \n \nLooking Forward \n \nSummer Quarter 2018 \n \nMany accomplishments took place at the Little White House with many more to come. \n \nLooking back from last year, we have implemented many new program ideas while at the same time planning for the future of the historical site. From home schooling classes to our gift shop product line, we have grown. \nWe have had some staff members leave and new staff come on board. All have been fine and contributed to our exceptional guest services we provide. \nOur traveling exhibits from Kennesaw State University have proven to be a wonderful addition as we get about four a year. Guests always stop and read the panels. Another traveling exhibit, \"Faith and Courage\" tells the story of military Chaplains who served in combat during WWII. It has been a hit as guests love to see the Bible that stopped a bullet from killing a Chaplain. \nIn February we hosted the Triple Nickels, America's first black paratroopers and smoke jumpers to honor Black Historic Month. \nAt our April 12 Commemorative Ceremony, author and keynote speaker David Woolner - \"The Last 100 Days: FDR at War and at Peace\" along with Geraldine Hawkins, author of \"Elliott and Eleanor Roosevelt: The Story of a Father and His Daughter in the Gilded Age\" were on hand to meet with guests and sign copies of their books. Jonnie Classen received our 48 Star Flag Award for her volunteer service to our site. She works tirelessly to perpetuate the legacy of Rosie the Riveter and Merrill's Marauders of which her parents served with, respectively, during WWII. \n \n1 \n \n HomeSchool Wednesdays Pollinators, Conservation and FDR \n \nA new initiative we out into place this year was our new HomeSchool Wednesday program. We kicked it off in March with 13 students attending. The purpose of our program allowed us to reach out to homeschoolers as they have a very diverse curriculum they can choose from. During our \"Kickoff Event\" we offered Stamp Collecting, Compass/Orienteering, Archaeology, Calligraphy and more. All students were awarded an Certificate of Achievement. Now, every Wednesday, we offer the choice of three different programs each week that educating parents can choose from. Class presentations are held in our theater throughout the day Currently, we have over 12 presentations with many more on the way. \n \nWe all appreciated the fact that President Roosevelt was a conservationist and that allows us to get creative with our programming. The Atlanta Garden Club donated many plants for our new Pollinator Garden. We are now a Certified Pollinator Habitat. This has also provided us with inspiration to create some upcoming classroom presentations on the subjects of conservation and pollination as we try to help the Monarch Butterfly. \n2 \n \n Create Your Own Pollinator Garden It is not hard to build your own little spot to attract birds, butterflies, bees and moths that can benefit them as well as us. Below is a chart for a small Georgia garden that not only attracts pollinators, but provides host plants for Monarch Butterflies to lay their eggs. Corner Garden \nAs we move forward to another year of fine programing, we would like to invite you to visit Roosevelt's Little White House for both an educational and enjoyable experience. For more information about Roosevelt's Little White House, scheduling tours and hours of operation, please visit our website: www.GeorgiaStateParks.org or like us at www.Facebook.com/littlewhitehouse Roosevelt's Little White House - 706-655-5870 - 401 Little White House Rd. - Warm Springs, Ga. 31830 3 \n \n "},{"id":"dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2018-sspring-belec-p-btext","title":"The Little White House newsletter, 2018 Spring","collection_id":"dlg_ggpd","collection_title":"Georgia Government Publications","dcterms_contributor":["Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.), issuing body."],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. Roosevelt's Little White House"],"dc_date":["2018-04"],"dcterms_description":["Began in 2014?","Winter quarter 2014 (harvested on May 1, 2020 from gastateparks.org); title from PDF caption (Georgia Government Publications database, viewed June 15, 2020)","Fall quarter 2019 (Georgia Government Publications database, viewed June 16, 2020)."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Warm Springs, Ga. : Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. Roosevelt's Little White House"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945--Periodicals","Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.)--Periodicals","United States--History--1933-1945--Periodicals","Newsletters"],"dcterms_title":["The Little White House newsletter, 2018 Spring"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Georgia. Map and Government Information Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/do:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2018-sspring-belec-p-btext"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/id:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2018-sspring-belec-p-btext"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["newsletters"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 Periodicals.","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 fast"],"iiif_manifest_url_ss":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":"The Little White House NEWSLETTER \n \nRoosevelt's Little White House - 706-655-5870 - 401 Little White House Rd. - Warm Springs, Ga. 31830 \n \nSpring Quarter 2018 \n85 Years Later, The New Deal Is Still A Big Deal As the United States was engaged in total war, the daughters, mothers, sisters, wives and grandmothers of our nation went to work to help save our nation. \n \nThe New Deal was a comprehensive series of social and economic programs enacted during the Great Depression (1933-1941 with the graphics program extended) by the Franklin D. Roosevelt Administration in order to solve the nation's economic \\crisis. Many of those programs are still part of our everyday lives today. It included a vast array of public works with which the Roosevelt administration fought the stagnation of the Depression. \n \nbargaining. People working in New Deal programs constructed many public buildings, public sites, parks, and public art including murals, sculptures and paintings. Programs promoted contributions to literature, music and theater and oral histories of the period. Most of all, the New Deal restored faith in our republic and its institutions. source: National New Deal Preservation Society \n \nTwo of the most recognizable/remembered programs of Roosevelt's administration were the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA) later known as the Works Projects Administration. The CCC was a special work program for unemployed young men whose enrollees planted trees and fought forest fires, built public parks, drained swamps to fight malaria, restocked rivers with fish, worked on flood control projects, and engaged in many other initiatives that helped to conserve the nation's environment and make it available for recreation for millions of Americans. The WPA was a compilation of varied work projects that provided employment for artists, musicians, actors, authors, and laborers which helped to put millions of men, women and youth back to work. Through these and other programs, the New Deal began a vast transformation of the United States. \n \nToday, the New Deal legacy still supports our nation. Much of our country's infrastructure was built by New Deal programs from 1933 to 1941, including roads, electrical systems, municipal power plants, water and sewage systems, and schools. Many government social programs have their roots in the New Deal, including major support for public education, public health and public recreation. Economic policies that were established include banking regulations, Social Security, and collective \n \n1 FDR pledged a New Deal for the American people. \n \n Although many of FDR's New Deal programs were officially disbanded, such as the CCC, because of the Second World War, many were absorbed into other agencies. Either way, their impact is still felt today in many places across the nation. \nFDR's Alphabet Soup \n2 \n \n Yesterday's Work Projects . . . \nThe Tennessee Valley Authority still serves the south with flood control, affordable power and jobs near the dams created by this program in 1933. \nAgencies like the Civilian Conservation Corps created numerous state and national parks from 1933 - 1942 that are still in use today and are an economic engine for states across the country. \n3 \nToday' \n \n The New Deal Across The United States \nIt is hard to fathom the number of New Deal projects that took place across the USA as highlighted in this chart. But evidence of Roosevelt's New Deal is still seen, used and enjoyed today. What is most incredible is that it begins with Warm Springs, Georgia. \nThe object of this issue is to show the reader that something wonderful happened to our country because of some water gushing out of the side of Pine Mountain in Warm Springs, Georgia. It was here that FDR first sought the soothing waters. It was here that he built the world's first polio treatment center. It was here where he relaunched his political career. Without Warm Springs, you would not have \"FDR\", the March of Dimes, and the New Deal. It would have been a completely different story. Below is just a sample of buildings built during the New Deal. Imagine the parks, the buildings, the bridges, roads, forests, libraries, post offices, the arts, the dams, the airports, infrastructure and so much more that we would have missed out on if FDR not heard of Warm Springs, Georgia. \n4 For more information about Roosevelt's Little White House, scheduling tours and hours of operation, please \nvisit our website: www.GeorgiaStateParks.org or like us at www.Facebook.com/littlewhitehouse \n \n "},{"id":"dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2017-sfall-belec-p-btext","title":"The Little White House newsletter, 2017 Fall","collection_id":"dlg_ggpd","collection_title":"Georgia Government Publications","dcterms_contributor":["Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.), issuing body."],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. Roosevelt's Little White House"],"dc_date":["2017-10"],"dcterms_description":["Began in 2014?","Winter quarter 2014 (harvested on May 1, 2020 from gastateparks.org); title from PDF caption (Georgia Government Publications database, viewed June 15, 2020)","Fall quarter 2019 (Georgia Government Publications database, viewed June 16, 2020)."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Warm Springs, Ga. : Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. Roosevelt's Little White House"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945--Periodicals","Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.)--Periodicals","United States--History--1933-1945--Periodicals","Newsletters"],"dcterms_title":["The Little White House newsletter, 2017 Fall"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Georgia. Map and Government Information Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/do:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2017-sfall-belec-p-btext"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/id:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2017-sfall-belec-p-btext"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["newsletters"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 Periodicals.","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 fast"],"iiif_manifest_url_ss":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":"The Little White House NEWSLETTER \n \nRoosevelt's Little White House - 706-655-5870 - 401 Little White House Rd. - Warm Springs, Ga. 31830 \n \nFDR: America's Stamp Collecting President \n \nFall Quarter 2017 \n \nPresident Franklin Delano Roosevelt had a passion for stamp collecting, a hobby he had \n \ncherished since childhood. \n \nThe rewards of stamp collecting blessed much of \n \ncritical role in much of the creation, design and \n \nFDR's life. As a child, he looked to stamps for \n \npromotion of some 200 stamps released during his time \n \nknowledge about \n \nthe world. As a \n \npolio-stricken adult, \n \nthey offered solace. \n \nThroughout his \n \nentire life, \n \nincluding his \n \npresidency, he spent time each day with his collection. During the 1930s, he and Postmaster General James A. Farley enthusiastically brainstormed over stamp designs, colors, and themes. \n \nin office. The time each day spent with his stamps relaxed President Roosevelt during those very tense times. He claimed, \"I owe my life to my hobbies  especially stamp collecting.\" His son James recollected, \"I have vivid memories of Father sitting at \n \nhis desk when he had a half hour or hour with no \n \nappointments . . . with his stamp books and an \n \nexpression of complete relaxation and enjoyment on \n \nhis face.\" In addition to enjoying his stamps privately \n \neach day, FDR joined stamp clubs, bought stamps from \n \ndealers and in auction, and promoted the hobby by \n \nassociation with stamp shows such as the 1936 \n \nRoosevelt actually sketched numerous ideas for stamp \n \ninternational exhibition TIPEX in New York City. \n \ndesigns. During his administration, Roosevelt played a 1 \n \nsource: Smithsonian Inst. \n \n During the 1930s, the White House released numerous photographs of FDR working on his stamp collection. As international relations became chaotic, the image of a relaxed president metaphorically \"putting the world in order\" reassured the nation. Several countries--including the Cook Islands, Monaco, Philippines, Turks \u0026 Caicos, and Yemen--have used these images of FDR studying stamps with his magnifier for stamp designs. Over eighty nations have honored FDR on postage stamps and philatelic issues. \nAround The World With FDR On Stamps \n2 \n \n Commemorative Stamps Approved During The Presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt \nThis collection presented to the Little White House in 1947 by Postmaster General Robert Hannagen is on display in the FDR Memorial Museum \n \nIn 1946, following FDR's death, his family sold his philatelic estate through Harmer Auction. The four FDR stamp sales brought high prices and controversy. Most philatelists wanted to own a piece of the nation's most famous stamp collection, but some argued that the U.S. government actually owned the fabulous holdings of U.S. essays and proofs. Winning bidders in Harmer's FDR auctions \n \ncould have their purchases marked with a rubber stamp to verify that they came from the president's collection. Stamp dealers bought many large lots of common stamps and mounted them on cards for sale as inexpensive souvenirs. Today, collectors still eagerly seek these ex-FDR philatelic 3 items for their own collections. \n \n In April, 1945, FDR approved the \"Towards United Nations\" stamp. The design letter is below. He planned to pick up a First Day Issue at the first UN Conference on April 25. While in the Little White House, on April 12, 1945, FDR suffered a stroke and passed away. A change from the approved design of the stamp would be printed with the name Franklin D. Roosevelt attributed to the quote. \n4 \n \n Starting in July 1945, the USPS began to issue commemorative stamps of FDR. The 1 cent stamp depicts Hyde Park, NY. The 2 cent stamp was issued in Warm Springs. The 3 cent stamp shows the White House and the 4 cent stamp highlights the Four Freedoms that President Roosevelt espoused. \n \nAs of today, twelve stamps have been issued by the USPS depicting or relating to FDR and his legacy. Although \n \nstamp collecting as a hobby is in decline, FDR is credited with a rise in stamp collecting enthusiasts during his \n \nterms and after his death. \n \n5 \n \n We feature many FDR stamp related items in our Gift Shop that include sweat shirts and commemorative stamps with a steel penny issued during WWII. If you have any questions or would like to purchase an item from us, we will mail your souvenir to you or who you like to have it shipped to as a gift. Call 706-655-5870 to place an order. \n6 Roosevelt's Little White House - 706-655-5870 - 401 Little White House Rd. - Warm Springs, Ga. 31830 \n \n "},{"id":"dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2017-ssummer-belec-p-btext","title":"The Little White House newsletter, 2017 Summer","collection_id":"dlg_ggpd","collection_title":"Georgia Government Publications","dcterms_contributor":["Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.), issuing body."],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["Georgia. Department of Natural Resources. Parks and Historic Sites Division. 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(Franklin Delano), 1882-1945--Periodicals","Little White House (Warm Springs, Ga.)--Periodicals","United States--History--1933-1945--Periodicals","Newsletters"],"dcterms_title":["The Little White House newsletter, 2017 Summer"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Georgia. Map and Government Information Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/do:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2017-ssummer-belec-p-btext"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/id:dlg_ggpd_i-ga-bn200-pp2-bp1-bw4-b2017-ssummer-belec-p-btext"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["newsletters"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 Periodicals.","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 fast"],"iiif_manifest_url_ss":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":"The Little White House NEWSLETTER \n \nRoosevelt's Little White House - 706-655-5870 - 401 Little White House Rd. - Warm Springs, Ga. 31830 Summer Quarter 2017 \n \nWhen The Girls Of Summer Ruled The Game \n \nAs our nation became entrenched in the Second World War, many thought that baseball was finished. \n \nOnce again, it was our women who \"stepped up to the plate\" to save the game. \n \nIn 1942, most of America's young men were being drafted into wartime service and baseball parks across the country began to collapse. \nUnder the direction of Chicago Cubs owner, Phillip Wrigley, the idea of a girls softball league was tossed about, that would help draw people into the parks. In the spring of 1943, the All-American Girls Softball League emerged, and at the end of the first season, the League's name changed to the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) to make it distinctive from the existing softball leagues and because the rules of play were like that of Major League Baseball. \nAt first, the size of the baseball was similar to that of a softball, but the size eventually was reduced to the size like that in the mens game. The second hurdle was finding talented players. As wartime jobs opened up for women in factories, many women simply did not want to play a game when the could earn serious money for the first time in their lives. But many baseball teams paid exceptional wages. Players were scouted from all over the US and Canada. Teams \n \nconsisted of fifteen players, a manager (coach), a business manager, and a woman chaperone. It was believed that by acquiring notable men sports figures as managers for the girls' teams, there would be greater curiosity and interest by the public. The first managers selected were Johnny Gottselig; Bert Niehoff, former Major League player and minor league manager; Josh Billings, former Major \nLeague player; and Eddie Stumpf, former Milwaukee Brewers catcher. \nAs tryouts were held, the girls were tested on on playing their field position, throwing, catching, running, sliding and hitting. Those who survived the cut were signed to professional league contracts and some players were as young as 15. In many cases they were making more than their parents who had skilled occupations. Salaries ranged from $45 to $85 a week plus. Those who were signed had to comply with high moral standards and rules of conduct imposed by the League. \nBefore play could actually begin, the women had to attend \"Charm School\". The proper etiquette for every situation was taught, and every aspect of personal hygiene, mannerisms and dress code was presented to all the players. In an effort to make each player as physically attractive as possible, each player received a beauty kit and instructions on how to use it. This, combined with the special uniforms, like figure skating uniforms complete with a hat, knee high socks and a symbolic patch for each team completed the uniform. They were ready to play ball. 1 \n \n League play officially began on May 30, 1943 with South Bend playing in Rockford and Kenosha playing in Racine. A total of 108 games were played in the regular season, which ran from mid-May to the first of September. The team to win the most games during the regular season was declared the pennant winner. The top teams then competed in a series of play-off games to determine the League Champion. At the end of the 1943 season, the Kenosha Comets played a 5-game series against the Racine Belles for the Championship. Racine won and became the first World Champions of the AllAmerican Girls Baseball League. \nAssessment of the first year of play was encouraging. The teams were well received by fans in the four sponsoring cities. Attendance was tracked at 176,612 fans for the 1943 season. \nGoing to the ballpark was a popular and Wrigley managed to capitalize on the patriotic mood of the country. America's young men were off fighting for our country, dreaming of the girls they left behind. Playing on the Theme of \"All-American Girl,\" he promoted the image that the players were symbols of \"the girl next door\" in spikes. At the beginning of each game, the two teams formed a \"V\" for Victory from home plate down the first and third baselines followed by the playing of the Star Spangled Banner. The players played an even greater part in displaying patriotism by playing exhibition games to support the Red Cross and the armed forces, as well as visiting wounded veterans at Army Hospitals. Talent for the league was abundant, and it was soon evident that the women's high caliber of play was going to be the main drawing card for the fans. \n2 \n \n Expansion \nAs a result of the success of the League in its first year, two additional teams were established to play in ball parks in Minneapolis and Milwaukee for the 1944 season. Former Major League Hall of Famer, Max Carey, became the manager for the newly formed Milwaukee Chicks, and Bubber Jonnard, was chosen to manage the Minneapolis Millerettes. \n \n1944 Spring Training with Max Carey teaching some pointers \n1944 Teams \nKenosha Comets Milwaukee Chicks Minneapolis Millerettes Racine Belles Rockford Peaches South Bend Blue Sox \n \n1950 Teams \nAll Star Team Chicago Colleens Fort Wayne Daisies Grand Rapids Chicks Kalamazoo Lassies Kenosha Comets Muskegon Lassies Peoria Redwings Racine Belles Rockford Peaches South Bend Blue Sox Springfield Sallies \n \nBy 1945, the league was in fine condition. The was was progressing in our favor and the future of the league looked bright. Families were turning out in large numbers at all the ballparks. The Milwaukee Chicks were picked up by Grand Rapids, Michigan, and the Minneapolis Millerettes went to Fort Wayne, Indiana. The emphasis changed and Charm School was discontinued.The girls began to play exhibition games at 13 army camps and veteran hospitals during the last five days of spring training. The players went into the hospitals and spoke to the wounded soldiers before and after the games. Players in the League eagerly supported the War effort. Several of the players had husbands and brothers overseas and many had relatives in the service. This war effort brought a lot of positive publicity national press to the League. The war ended but the All-American Girls Professional Ball League was in full swing. By the end of the season, attendance reached 450,313. \n3 \n \nNewspaper clippings and cartoons had fun with `the Girls of Summer'. \n \n Post War Years \nIn the first three years after World War II, teams often attracted between two and three thousand fans to a single game. One League highlight occurred when an estimated 10,000 people saw a 1946 Fourth of July double-header in South Bend, Indiana. The AAGPBL peaked in attendance during the 1948 season, when ten teams attracted 910,000 paid fans. \nGrand Rapid Chicks \nAttendance declined in the following years. One of the reasons for decreasing attendance was the decentralization of the League as well as mens baseball making a comeback. With no centralized control of publicity, promotion, player procurement, and equalization of player talent, the League began to break down. The shrinking of the local fan base resulted in part from the rise of other forms of recreation and entertainment and the advent of televised major league games in the early 1950s. In addition, by this time the All-American game was purely baseball and talented women baseball players were not easy to find. Talented softball players needed training and experience for success in the All-American baseball game with its longer infield distances, smaller ball, and overhand pitching. As revenues fell, individual teams were no longer able to support rookie training teams like the Colleens and Sallies, and funds were limited to advertise nationally as a way of recruiting scattered baseball. By 1952, only six teams remained in the league after Kenosha and Peoria were disbanded. In 1953, the Battle Creek team was relocated to Muskegon, and by the end of the season, it too, folded. The 1954 season ended with only five teams remaining: Fort Wayne, South Bend, Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo, and Rockford. \nInformation provided from the All American Girls Professional Baseball League website. www.aagpbl.org 4 \n \n The All-American Girls Professional Baseball League gave over 600 women athletes the opportunity to play professional baseball and to play it at a level never before attained. The League operated from 1943 to 1954 and represents one of the most unique aspects of our nation's baseball history. \n \nRenae Youngberg Grand Rapid Chick \n \nColumbus, Ga 1950 parade \n \nDoris Sams \n \nThese Kenosha Comets are enjoying a spin on the Tilt-A-Whirl. \nCatchers Mickey Chapman and Julia Gutz \n \nAnn Harnett \n \n1943 Rockford Peaches The picture left to right Mildred Warwick,who played 3rd base Gladys Davis, Irene Ruhnke, Mildred Deegan, and Dottie Kamenshek \n \nLenora \"Smokey\" Mandella \n \n5 Roosevelt's Little White House - 706-655-5870 - 401 Little White House Rd. - Warm Springs, Ga. 31830 \n \n "}],"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":3,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":21,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false},"facets":[{"name":"type_facet","items":[{"value":"Text","hits":21}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":16,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"creator_facet","items":[{"value":"Georgia. 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