REF 975. 894 SHI Ga. Rm. S wit fa* 6 tie, (fevityia, . . . A Glimpse Into The Past 7^e flccKCU&K StKit&vUte, A View of the Past, Present and Future KINCHAFOONEE REGIONAL LIBRARY LEE COUNTY LIBRARY To The Reader: The Bicentennial Committee of Smithville, Georgia has prepared this informal history of Smithville and Lee County on behalf of our Nations Bicentennial Celebration. We wanted to give the citizens of Smithville and surrounding areas a view of the past and a perspective to the change in our way of life from 1826 to 1976. This goes back to the time Lee County was created. To bring together the records of the past and to house them in buildings where they will be preserved for the use of men living in the future, a nation must believe in three things. It must believe in the past. It must believe in the future. It must, above all, believe in the capacity of its people so to learn from the past that they can gain in judgement of the creation of the future. Franklin Delano Roosevelt. It is our desire to give as much history from the past as possible, We then go forward with local history up to the present day. This is the best our committee could secure with the help of many local citizens and past records. We hope to contribute this history to you and to thank all indivi- duals who help secure it. Their help made it possible. Historical Committee Smithville Bicentennial Commission Euaene Pitts and |o Ann Pitts D J Editors Introduction ........................................................ 4 Indian Life ......................................................... 5 Our Beginning....................................................... 7 The War Between the States .......................................... 9 McAfee Hotel ....................................................... 12 Wells Mill.......................................................... 15 Frank L. Stanton......... .......................................... 20 Newspapers ...................................................... 21 Schools .......................................................... 23 Hotels.............................................................. 33 Doctors ............................................................ 35 Men In Service...................................................... 37 Agriculture ........................................................ 41 Interesting People ................................................. 45 Churches............................................................ 47 Smithville Today.................................................... 54 Acknowledgements.................................................... 59 f)*&l*cUccti&K In order to leave behind a brief history of our community, we give you this collection of memories from the past to the present. We have touched on early Indian life and parts of our history up to the present day. Due to the burning of records, we were unable to get an accurate history on some years in the past. We were able to interview local residents and found some books from our state archives. Smithville was a junction for the railroad in the beginning and the rail- road played an important role in our citys way of life in the past. Dating back to the War Between the States, our citizens shipped foodstuffs by rail. We have given you a glimpse into the lives of some of our local residents and businesses. We have also included some of our farmers and a look into our rural life. This area is known for agricultural pursuits. Farms surround our city and our farmers make up an important part of our community. Faces will appear and fond memories emerge as you remember days of long ago. We could not include everyone and did not have as many photo- graphs as we desired. We apologize for anyone that might have been slighted. We hope that in the future some of your decendants will find a part of their heritage in this history. 4 To give our readers a glimpse into the past and to inform them of the original Indian life in this territory, we supply this brief history. Lee County was composed of Quitman, Randolph, Stewart, Sumter, Terrell, Webster and parts of Schley, Chattahoochee, Macon, Clay and Marion Counties. It was created in 1826 and acquired from the Creek Indians. The county was named for Major General Henry Lee. In 1843, justice of peace courts had begun to function in the dis- tricts. In 1866, the election of Militia districts had assumed approximately their present boundaries. Smithville was 976th district extending east to Muckalee Creek. Prior to 1836, danger from Indian marauders, the Seminoles of lower Alabama and particularly the Cussetuhs, who had lived partially in the northwest section of original Lee County and who had not agreed to the cession of lands in the treaty of Indian Springs in 1825 had prevented many settlers from coming to Lee County. These Indians had been making numerous hostile demonstrations throughout Alabama and on the border of Georgia. At that time, there were approximately 1,000 settlers, white and colored and they were mostly stock raisers. In May 1836, the Indians gathered in a large group and began a march down the Chattahoochee, as they passed through Lee County, they were pursued by Capt. Jernigan and several other companies making a regiment of about 300 men. A short and bloody encounter occured on July 25th. After several battles, they were scattered and contrary to their custom, left many of their dead and wounded behind. A similar battle occurred in Chichasawhatchee swamp in Baker County in which settlers from Lee un- doubtedly took part. With elimination of danger from the Indians, agricultural settlement in Lee County increased. Life began to take on a new form and civilization of the white man bagan to move forward. But expansive Lee County, just acquired from the Indians, was almost unknown to white men, had no stage coach line, and no town nor hamlets, and was slow in organization. The only officers elected in 1827 were five justices of the inferior court; Levi W. Moore, James R. Loyns, E. H. Hall, Elbert Milton, and Axum Webb. Nathan Powell, Sheriff, and a clerk of the inferior and superior courts, Joseph White. The first session of the superior court is said to have been held under the giant live oak tree at Chehaw. This tree issaid to be the one that the Che-au-hau or Chehaw, one of the six most important towns of the Confederacy of Creek, held their council meetings. It measured 9 feet in diameter and 120 feet from tip to tip. 5 This two story building was built in 1909. The owner, Mr. J. A. Hill, ran a hardware store and sold caskets also. It was torn down in 1975 and used in the residence of C. Boyd Jackson. The small one story building was built after the two story. Date unknown. It was in the same transaction as above. Smithville is located in the northwest corner of Lee County. It was in- corporated April 18, 1863 and was chartered in 1901. Smithville, alias operated a farm and established a grist mill. A request was made that Thad D. Butler, O. C. Clark, Council Clark, J. C. McCrary, and others hold an election for five commissioners. This section with the railroad junction came into prominence during the War in the raising and shipping of foodstuffs. In 1900, it had within its corporate limits a populations of 597 and in its entire district, 1,954. There were two large sawmills, a blacksmith shop, a wood- working shop, a turpentine distillery, while just across the line in Sumter County was a large grist mill owned in the main by Smithville people, with a daily capacity of 600 bushels of corn. In the town were express and telegraph offices, a money order postoffice with rural free delivery, a bank, a public cotton gin and several prosperous business houses. Large quantities of pears were shipped every season and about 3,000 bales of cotton were handled annually. In 1895, the water supply for the city came from two flowing artesian wells which flowed about five thousand gallons of water per hour. Chemical analysis of the artesian water in Smithville put it as absolutely pure drinking water. The mayor of Smithville is the chief executive officer of the city. To be eligable for this office, a citizen must be at least twenty-five years of age and a resident of the city for two years immediately preceding the election. The mayor has general supervision of the towns affairs, presides over the meetings of the council, enforces all ordinances, and tries all cases of offenders and imposes fines. The city council is composed of five aldermen who are elected annually. That at least some of these lands in this section were in the original lottery parcels and had not been consolidated into large plantations was indicated by the fact that John L. Wilkerson, born here in 1866, later inherited a lottery parcel of 20214 acres, and built up his plantation to 1,455 acres in subsequent years. At one time, Smithville was known as Branchville. No records could be found on the origin of this name. Smithville was named for a family of Smiths that moved here from Atlanta. Their family burial plot is located in the Smithville Renwick, was at the junction of the railroad. One of the lines going to Albany and the other to Eufaula, Alabama. William David Wells, one of the first settlers, Cemetery. 7 Naomi Beauchamp. Said to be the first White girl born ii Smithville, Georgia. 8 TOO* etwee* *7&e State* We found no records of the men enlisting in the War from Smithville. Some of our residents remember these two who served their confederate army. Mr. Dick Richardson and Mr. John William Beauchamp were guards at Andersonville Prison. Mr. Beauchamp joined the calvary at the age of fifteen. He was a courier for General Albert Johnson. Lee County voted for secession January 19,1861 and was placed in the 2nd Confederate Georgia Congressional.District on March 23,1861. On April 12, 1861, the Confederates in South Carolina fired on Fort Sumter and Governor Brown of Georgia proclaimed the existence of a state of war April 22,1861. Lee Countys first confederate company was the 11th Regiment, known as the Georgia Volunteers. The second company from the county seems to have been the Lee Guards, Company B, 51st Georgia Infantry. At different times, it was said every man in Company B was killed, wounded, or taken prisoners. They continued to reorganize and were with Lee at Appomattox when the Stars and Bars Furled Forever. The company had four sergeants, four corporals, forty privates, twenty-eight recruits, nineteen discharges and twenty-five deaths. Medical doctors from the county who served the Confederacy included Drs. H. B. Lipsey, E. J. Elridge, W. A. Green, and William A. Love. Care of the soldiers families was acquired by a fund called the Indigent Soldiers Fund. There were 100 grown females given an amount of $8 a month. An allowance of $2 a month was given to 216 children. The citizens were taxed to take care of these funds. In January, 1864, the amount paid to soldiers wives and children was raised to $26 a month and $12 a month. At this time in Albany, lard was selling for $3 a pound, brandy was $50 a bottle, and shoes, $80 a pair. On March 7,1865, the following persons were appointed to report monthly to the court, the conditions and needs of the soldiers families: Smithville |&G. C. Edwards and J. G. McCrary. The following year, 57 disabled soldiers and 116 orphan children were reported in need. The slaves during this time were docile and making no trouble. Because of their large number, approximately 5,000 to the 2,200 whites, patrol commissioners were appointed for the districts. For the district of Smithville, T. D. High and E. D. Watson were appointed. Sherman came through Georgia in July 1864, leaving a path of destruction we will never forget. The citizens of Lee County organized into a police force. The inferior court appointed the following district patrolmen for Smithville, E. D. Watson, W. J. Tilman and A. Newsom. 9 Goodroes Store. Located near J. C. Longs house. J. D. Beauchamp Left to right Mr. Goodroe, Mr. Exuni, Mr. DeVille Beauchamp and Mr. Starling Wilkerson. 'ZtccUtH cutci Tfcvicilt tUt TV cut During the reconstruction following the Civil War, our soldiers and citizens were wounded and broken in spirit. Their morales were also lowered. A large majority of the citizens of Smithville and immediate vicinity en- dorsed a request for a retail license for spiritous liquors February 22,1864. This was a preventative medicine for malaria rampant in the swampy sections of the county. The inferior courts appointed district inspectors for the stills. They visited the stills and reported every week. On April 4,1865, the court decided that 500 gallons was all the county could use for medicinal purposes. Licenses were issued in 1866 to two Starksville bars, another to sell in quan- tities of less than one gallon not be retail, and one each for Adams Station, Smithville, Wooten Station, and Sumterville. Crime and fighting were prevalent during this period of our history. Some of the crimes were listed in the grand jury presentments of September, 1868: Continuing petit crimes, willful crime and the Troubled and de- moralized condition of our society were noted and condemned. The jury recommended that the people educate the ignorant. Gun-toting in excess was probable due to the fact that 5,000 newly freed colored people were mis- guided by the carpet-baggers, who were known trouble makers. The white popu- lation numbered about 2,000. Interest in church was among both races. The plantations had been the main source of social and spiritual life. After the war, some of the slaves stayed with their old masters. A population increase of 2,500 blacks during 1860- 1870 provided numerous members for those churches already established. The increase was due to the false promises of the carpet-baggers and a hope of a dif- ferent life. Agricultural prusuits and attempts to begin a new life in better condi- tions than left behind. The colored turned to the church as a constructive social and spiritual center. 11 This picture of the famous McAfee Hotel in Smithville, was made about 64 years age. The buggy is the one which was driven out each day for the chickens used in the McAfee chicken pies. 12 From the nostalgic past comes memories of the Famed McAfee Hotel. Nation- ally known as the chicken house it was a legend in its time. Mrs. Julia McAfee Montgomery, great-granddaughter of William Madison McAfee, who was founder of the hotel before the Civil War, has a scrapbook with pictures and many stories about the hotel. One clipping from the scrapbook says the soldiers during the Civil War called for chicken pie and declared it to be the best pie on earth. The hotel was a regular stop for the Central of Georgia Railroad for break- fast and dinner. The circus trains would come through Smithville enroute to Montgomery and Florida. They would wire ahead for chicken dinners to be ready when they arrived. Sometimes as many as 50 and 75 were on the table when the trains arrived. Smithville had a livery stable and salesmen traveled by train to the hotel and hired a horse and buggy to go to surrounding towns. The hotel was thfcir head- quarters. School teachers, business men, young married couples, and a well known lawyer were among the boarders. Frank L. Stanton lived at the hotel for years. He wrote a poem for Howell McAfee on his birthday and published it in his paper. The poem was about Martha Eugenia Cherry, wife of Archibald Howell, who took over the hotel when his father died. William Madison McAfee was born in 1809 and died in 1884. He is buried in Smithville. His son, Archibald Howell had two sons, William Fort and Emmett Madison, named for their grandfather. Fort McAfee was a well known baseball player. He also had a position with the International Harvester Co. and was general manager when he died. He had three daughters and two sons. One of the sons, W. F. McAfee, served as mayor of Albany. The other son, Emmett, died Oct. 2, 1955, when he was 72 years old. He was serving his second term as mayor of Smithville. He was a retired conductor of the Central of Georgia Railroad after serving more than 50 years with the company. He headed the movement to pave Smithvilles streets. Direct descendants of William Madison McAfee are Emmetts grandchildren, Mrs. Stephen Murray of Strakville, Miss, and John Madison Culler of Columbia, S. C., who is editor of a wildlife magazine. William F. McAfee, III, Mrs. Bill Halford, and Mrs. Julia Montgomery. The other decendants are living in various sections of the United States. The hotel burned in 1933, leaving behind memories of its crusty pies and an era of our time dear to those who visited our famous McAfee House. TfCemviitt tyullut Julian Brown was a waiter in the McAfee Hotel in 1919. He started work there when he was twenty years old. He remembers when the trains arrived for breakfast and lunch. They only had twenty minutes to eat. In 1919, J. B. Fite bought the McAfee Hotel and Julian worked there until it burned in 1933. Mrs. Ella Turner operated the hotel for Mr. Fite for approxi- mately seven years. Others operating the hotel were W. H. Phillips, Mrs. Barbara Lyons, Mrs. Annie Lou Johnson, Mrs. Louise Hinman and Mrs. Edgar Wilkerson who ran the hotel until the first fire. This fire was in a clothes closet and was put out with little damage. She moved out immediately after the fire, going to the JoHaMa to operate it. After she left, the building completely burned by unknown origin. The hotel employed two morning cooks, three dinner cooks and one supper cook. It also had three morning waiters, four dinner waiters, two night waiters, desk clerk, porter, and two maids. There was a total of eleven full time employees. Julian left Smithville shortly after the Hotel burned and recently returned to retire in Smithville. Julian Brown 14 WELLS MILL TOelW (fiat TfCUt The hundred year old grist mill built by J. L. and W. D. Wells just following the War between the States and in continuous operation since that time, was destroyed by fire on July 5, 1965 which was believed to have been struck by lightning. The water-driven mill located approximately one-half mile North of Smith- ville was operated at the time by the Pond Lilly Milling Co. and owned by the City Gin & Mill Company of Albany. The mill formerly known as the old Wells Mill, included two sets of grind- ing rocks and was believed to be one of the oldest water driven mills in the South. The three-story structure was built of hand-hewn timbers cut from pine, some timbers were forty feet long. The building was put together with wooden pegs. The capacity of the mill was originally 600 bushels daily. There were three sets of corn stones and one wheat stone. The pond covered 100 acres of land and afforded sufficient power for a cotton factory. The mill was on the Southwest Railroad and there was no need for drayage. For a number of years, churches, places of business and homes were sup- plied with electricity from the mill for a flat rate. Charlie Avera was the first operator of the electric plant. On hot summer days, the young people accompanied by L. D. Hays, C C. Bridges, Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Randall, Jr. and Mrs. H. T. Simpson, affectionately known as Miss Ola Mae, would go to Wells Mill to go swimming in the pond or down by the railroad trestle. m By Dorothy Hays n aflliili/S M 16 cUOi&a The first section of the railroad from Americus to Albany was opened to Sumter City, in Sumter County, just above the site of later Smithvillc, on December 1,1855, regularly carrying passengers and freight. On reaching the site of Smithville, the road branched, one line going to Fort Gaines on the Chatta- hoochee, and the other continuing on to Albany. Certain citizens of Lee County promised to subscribe S50.000 in stock if the Albany line would run near Stark- ville, but, following the high land between the Kinchafoonee and Muckalee Creeks, the railroad was laid some 3 or 4 miles west of Starkville. The road was completed to Albany by September 5, 1857. Early records of roads development in Lee County were destroyed in the courthouse fire about 1857, but records after that time indicate that because of the countys five creeks and adjacent swampy lands, building bridges and turn- pikes across this difficult terrain had for some years been the major activity of the county in its road construction. Bermuda grass was sometimes planted on these turnpikes to prevent washing, and wooden culverts were built to drain stagnant water. The first of the 9 bridges across the Muckalee Creek about 3 miles east of Smithville was repaired and supplied with culverts and a turnpike in 1860 by John T. Brown at a price of SI,600. Early bridges in the county probably dated from the founding of the towns in 1832 and 1836. Wrights bridge across the Kinchafoonee Creek between Lee and Terrell County was mentioned in the inferior court minutes in 1866. Going back to the stagecoach days, the Alligator stagecoach line from Milledgeville to Tallahassee furnished the county with mail and travel service from about 1827 to 1857. The telegraph lines came through the county along the railroad in 1866. Railroad Crew, 1926 Mr. M. C. Miller and Arthur Gentry 17 Rural mail routes were established throughout the county in 1904. The mail was carried by horse and buggy. John Whitt Edwards was the first mail carrier. He was succeeded by Hugh Hale. Automobiles had not yet become common in Lee County in 1916 when the May grand jury hired one to inspect the county roads, probably to recommend their improvement for adaption to motor traffic. The Dixie Highway was al- ready passing through the county. In 1905, there were plentiful crops of sweet and Irish potatoes, field and ground peas, cotton, sugarcane, and the cereals being produced in the county. Trees lined the streams in abundance. Lumbering gave employment to many. The countys first bank, the Bank of Smithville, was serving the county. Early photo of Smithville Bank. Lofton Beauchamp and A. P. Lane. THE STATE OP OEORQIA. Bank of Srmtbvulle ($nngd m&tr.-. r'&f' -_______________1. ___ L v * f)//ASif///i/////e/2nr/- {S 6ajst:&; of smithville, /&.<&////'&// /Mr ,/y.///: /rrmyC-/// i UJhrmrf. S/m, ra/wf/- /vjtM/rtd' /// t&dht/v itSjnltbvlIle.a., ' 7 18 (}tcui6 cuicUvcuit Stare The present hardware store was begun in the year 1910. It was known as E. A. Clark General Merchandise and was owned by the late E. A. Clark, Sr. All kinds of goods were sold, including shoes, cloth, groceries, farm tools, some ready-to-wear and miscellaneous items. It was in 1919 that Mr. Clarks son, Hiriam, entered the business with his father. In 1920, George, the second son, bought stock and entered the business. He changed the name of the store to E. A. Clark and Sons. George enlarged the business by acquiring two store buildings which were located next to the original store. These were bought from the Simpson estate. At that time, George connected the three stores and discarded some of the items he had previously sold. He then put in a stock of hardware, electrical appliances, some furniture and plumbing equipment. The name was changed again to Clark Hardware. Plez Hardin bought the store in 1973. It has been completely renovated and is now modern in every detail. The present name of the store is Nidrah Hardware and is owned by Larry and Dan Hogsed. This hardware store and the T. S. Burton store are the only original stores that are still operating in Smithville. % si ? jiiinHi jui hush E. A. Clark, Sr. and Mrs. Lora Ansley 19 'Pact laureate af (pe&ipta Frank L. Stanton Smithville was once the home of the Poet Laureate of Georgia, Frank L. Stanton. Stanton was born in Charleston, South Carolina in 1857. In 1887, Mr. Stanton moved to Smithville and began the publication of a newspaper which he called the Smithville News. His first printing press, according to some of the older residents of Smithville, was located in the house now owned by Mr. and Mrs. J. F. Herrington. The poems he wrote and printed gained national attention and Governor Clifford Walker proclaimed him Poet Laureate of Georgia in 1925. At this time, he was a resident of Atlanta, Georgia. While in Smithville, Mr. Stanton met and married Miss Leona Jossey. Smithville is proud to claim Frank L. Stanton as her own. MIGHTY LAK A ROSE Frank L. Stanton Sweetest lil fellow Everybody knows Don't know what you call 3im But he's mighty lak a rose Lookin'at his mammy With eyes so shinny blue Makes you think that heav 'n Is comin' close to you. When he's dare a'sleepin In his lil place Makes you think de angels Is a peepin' thru de lace. When the dark is fallin' When the shadows creep 'Den Day comes on tiptoe To kiss him in his sleep. Sweetest 'lil fellow Everybody knows Don't know what you call 'im But he's mighty lak a Rose. 20 SmitUviltt 'JfttiMfi'Cifi'CXA The Enterprise was established in 1892 by S. R. Blanton. He came to Smithville from Camilla, Georgia. It was noted as an official organ of Lee County. The paper consisted of eight pages and had enough advertisements to be on a paying basis. Mr. Blanton was an able and forcible writer. The Enterprise was known as a democratic paper. In 1887, Frank L. Stanton settled at Smithville in his thirtieth year, married Leona Jossey, and became also the owner and editor of a newspaper, the Smithville News. Here he had full opportunity for publication of his poetry. In 1888, he joined John Temple Graves on the staff of the Rome Tribune. Graves being editor and manager. The Whitsett Courier was another newspaper printed by Frank L. Stanton. He printed this in a house-situated at the intersection of Lee Street Road and Leslie Highway. The house in which he lived and printed this paper was recently torn down. In 1911, the Lee County Journal was being published weekly. This paper was described as the official Gazette of the county, by 1915. NEWSPAPER ITEMS FROM THE PAST Americus Times Recorder: J. D. Reichert of Smithville was in the city of Americus Monday with two wagon loads of Keefer pears. Carried to the Georgia and Alabama State Fairs ten bushels. He has been raising pears for years and had made money from them. Tuesday, Oct. 1,1889. Dr. J. W. Clark of Smithville spent the day in Americus. Friday, October 11, 1889. Colonel Warwick of Smithville spent the day in Americus. August, 1890. In 1890, Friendship Baptist held associational meeting in Smithville. October 1887Times Recorder has a few quotations noted about Smithville Enterprise. A newspaper printed in Smithville at that time. 21 rsrXR?i3Lj S c