CATALOG NUMBER Bulletin of COLUMBIA THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY APRIL 1959 One Hundred and Thirty-second Year Contents PAGE Calendars 2-4 Directors and Faculty 5-12 What Columbia Offers 13-28 Terms of Admission 29-32 Requirements for Degrees 33-43 Courses Required for B.D 33-34 Expenses 43-45 Financial Aids 45-46 Courses of Study 47-80 Historic Columbia 80-82 Academic Awards 82-84 Scholarship & Memorial Funds 84-90 1958 Graduates & Awards 91-92 Roll of Students 93-105 Directions for Reaching the Seminary . ... 108 Volume LII APRIL, 1959 No. 2 Published quarterly by the Directors and Fac- ulty of Columbia Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian Church, U. S. Entered as second class matter, May 9, 1928, at the post office at Decatur, Ga., under the Act of Congress of August 24, 1912. BULLETIN OF Columbia Theological Seminary Decatur, Georgia CATALOGUE NUMBER 1958-59 ANNOUNCEMENTS FOR 1959-60 An Accredited Member of the American Association of Theological Schools Founded 1828 Owned and Controlled by the Synods of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, and South Carolina SERVING THE SOUTHEAST Calendar 1959 JANUARY APRIL JULY S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 FEBRUARY MAY AUGUST S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 MARCH JUNE SEPTEMBER S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 OCTOBER S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 NOVEMBER S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 DECEMBER S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Calendar 1960 JANUARY APRIL JULY OCTOBER S M T W T F S S M T W T F S 1 2 S M T W T F S S M T W T F S 1 2 1 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 31 31 30 31 FEBRUARY MAY AUGUST NOVEMBER S M T W T F S S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 7 S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 12 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 29 30 31 28 29 30 31 27 28 29 30 MARCH JUNE SEPTEMBER DECEMBER S M T W T F S S M T W T F S 12 3 4 S M T W T F S 12 3 S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 12 3 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 27 28 29 30 31 26 27 28 29 30 25 26 27 28 29 30 25 26 27 28 2 930 31 CALENDAR SPRING QUARTER 1959 March 164:00 P.M. Class Work Resumed. March 29 Easter April 17-19 Missions Conference. Rock Eagle Park, Eatonton. Ga. May 5 Annual Meeting. Board of Directors. May 19-23 Senior Examinations. May 26-30 Junior and Middle Examinations. May 30 4:30 P.M. Faculty Reception honoring the Graduating Class and its guests. 8:00 P.M. Address by Dr. T. F. Torrance Seminary Chapel May 31-June 1 Commencement Exercises Sunday, May 31 11:00 A.M. Baccalaureate Sermon delivered in Westminster Presbyterian Church, Atlanta. Georgia, by Dr. T. F. Torrance, Professor of Christian Dogmatics in New College, Edinburgh. 8:00 P.M. Sermon before Student Society of Missionary In- quiry delivered in Decatur Presbyterian Church by Dr. T. F. Torrance. Monday, June 1 10:30 A.M. Graduation Exercises in Druid Hills Presbyterian Church, Atlanta, Ga. Address to Graduating Class by Dr. T. F. Torrance. Announcement of Prizes and Distinctions. Awarding of Diplomas and De- grees. SUMMER 1959 July 8-August 29 Language School. CALENDAR SCHOOL SESSION 1959-60 FALL QUARTER September 14-15 Registration of New Students. September 15-17 Orientation Period. September 16-17 Registration of Upper Classmen and Graduate Students. September 17 8:00 P.M. Opening Exercises in Seminary Chapel. November 2-6 Ministers' Week. November 3 Annual Meeting, Alumni Association. November 26-29 Thanksgiving Holidays. December 3-9 Examinations. WINTER QUARTER December 10 Class Work Resumed. December 18 12:00 Noon Christmas Holidays Begin. January 4, 19604:00 P.M. Class Work Resumed. March 3-9 Examinations. March 10-13 Spring Holidays. SPRING QUARTER March 144:00 P.M. Class Work Resumed. April 17 Easter. May 17-21 Senior Examinations. May 24-28 Junior and Middle Examinations. May 29-30 Commencement. Board of Directors PATRICK D. MILLER, Chairman J. R. McCAIN, Vice Chairman DONALD B. BAILEY, Secretary Term to Expire May, 1959 WILLIAM A. L. SIBLEY, ESQ Union, South Carolina REV. U. S. GORDON Gainesville, Florida J. R. McCAIN, ESQ Decatur, Georgia REV. DWYN M. MOUNGER Jackson, Mississippi H. LANE YOUNG, ESQ Atlanta, Georgia REV. NEIL E. TRUESDALE Newberry, South Carolina Term to Expire May, 1960 N. P. YOWELL, ESQ Orlando, Florida HARLLEE BRANCH, JR., ESQ Atlanta, Georgia JAMES H. WOODSIDE, ESQ Greenville, South Carolina REV. PATRICK D. MILLER Atlanta, Georgia REV. J. HERNDON McCAIN Birmingham, Alabama REV. VAN M. ARNOLD Greenwood, Mississippi REV. CECIL D. BREARLEY .... Myrtle Beach, South Carolina Term to Expire May 1961 REV. E. G. BECKMAN, JR Hemingway, South Carolina REV. E. L. HILL Athens, Georgia REV. STUART R. OGLESBY Atlanta, Georgia RAY EVERS, ESQ Andalusia, Alabama W. HERBERT SMITH, ESQ Clover, South Carolina REV. RYAN L. WOOD West Palm Beach, Florida ERST LONG, ESQ Ripley, Mississippi Executive Committee P. D. MILLER, Chairman STUART R. OGLESBY RAY EVERS J. R. McCAIN H. LANE YOUNG Finance Committee H. LANE YOUNG, Chairman LARKIN H. PARRIS WM. C. WARDLAW Officers of Administration PRESIDENT the rev. j. Mcdowell richards, d.d. VICE PRESIDENT IN CHARGE OF DEVELOPMENT THE REV. ROBERT LANSING STAMPER, Ph.D. DEAN OF INSTRUCTION THE REV. FELIX B. GEAR, Ph.D., D.D. DEAN OF GRADUATE DEPARTMENT THE REV. SAMUEL A. CARTLEDGE, Ph.D. REGISTRAR AND DIRECTOR OF FIELD WORK THE REV. FRANCIS SIDNEY ANDERSON, Th.M. CLERK OF FACULTY THE REV. JAMES H. GAILEY, JR., Th.D. LIBRARIAN MR. HAROLD B. PRINCE, M.A., M.L. ASSISTANT LIBRARIAN CATALOGUER MISS ANN TINGLE, M.L. TREASURER MISS C. VIRGINIA HARRISON BOOKEEPER MRS. WILHEMINA MARTIN DIETITIAN AND HOSTESS MRS. J. HOLMES SMITH SECRETARIES MRS. ELIZABETH WAIT MRS. DIANNE L. JOHNSON MRS. VYETTA ADDY Faculty THE REV. JAMES McDOWELL RICHARDS, D.D. PRESIDENT A.B., Davidson College; M.A., Princeton University; A.B., M.A., Oxford University; B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary; D.D., Davidson College; LL.D., King College; Past Moderator of the General Assembly. THE REV. WILLIAM CHILDS ROBINSON, Th.D., D.D. PROFESSOR OF ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY, CHURCH POLITY, AND APOLOGETICS A.B., Roanoke College; M.A., University of South Carolina; B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary; Th.M., Princeton Theological Seminary; Th.D., Harvard University; D.D., Roanoke College. THE REV. SAMUEL ANTOINE CARTLEDGE, Ph.D. PROFESSOR OF NEW TESTAMENT LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND EXEGESIS A.B., M.A., University of Georgia; B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary; Ph.D., University of Chicago. THE REV. MANFORD GEORGE GUTZKE, Ph.D., D.D. PROFESSOR OF ENGLISH BIBLE AND CHRISTIAN EDUCATION A.B., M.A., Southern Methodist University; Ph.D., Columbia University; D.D., Austin College. THE REV. FELIX BAYARD GEAR, Ph.D., D.D. PROFESSOR OF SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY A.B., Davis & Elkins College; B.D., Union Theological Seminary; Th.M., Princeton Theological Seminary; Ph.D., University of Edinburgh; D.D., Davis & Elkins College. THE REV. CECIL ASBURY THOMPSON, S.T.M., D.D. PROFESSOR OF EVANGELISM, COUNTRY CHURCH WORK AND MISSIONS A.B., University of Florida; B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary; S.T.M., Biblical Seminary, New York; D.D., Davidson College. THE REV. THOMAS HALDANE McDILL, JR., B.D PROFESSOR OF PRACTICAL THEOLOGY AND PASTORAL COUNSELING A.B., Erskine College; B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary; Graduate Study at the University of Chicago. THE REV. HUBERT VANCE TAYLOR, B.D. PROFESSOR OF PUBLIC SPEECH AND MUSIC A.B., Lafayette College; B.Mus., Westminster Choir College; B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary. # 4 Anderson Cartledge FUHRMANN Gailey Gear Guthrie Gutzke Richards Hum McDill Prince W. C. Robinson Stamper Taylor Thompson Thomson THE REV. JAMES HERBERT GAILEY, JR., Th.D. PROFESSOR OF OLD TESTAMENT, LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND EXEGESIS A.B., Davidson College; B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary; Th.M., Th.D., Princeton Theological Seminary. THE REV. PAUL TRAUGOTT FUHRMANN, Th.D., Ph.D. PROFESSOR OF CHURCH HISTORY CI. Lie, Turin Classical Gymnasium-Lyceum V. Alfieri; Lie. Theol., Independent School of Theology at Neuchatel; Th.D., Drew Theological Seminary; Ph.D., Drew University THE REV. WADE PRICHARD HUIE, JR., Ph.D. PETER MARSHALL PROFFESOR OF HOMILETICS A.B., Emory University; B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary; Ph.D., New College, University of Edinburgh. THE REV. FRANCIS SIDNEY ANDERSON, B.D., Th.M. REGISTRAR AND DIRECTOR OF FIELD WORK PROFESSOR IN THE INDUSTRIAL CHURCH INSTRUCTOR IN GREEK A.B., Hampdcn-Sydney College; B.D., Th.M., Columbia Theological Seminary. THE REV. J. G. S. S. THOMSON, Ph.D. ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF OLD TESTAMENT LANGUAGE, LITERATURE AND EXEGESIS M.A., B.D., Ph.D., University of Edinburgh; Graduate Study at the University of Oxford. THE REV. SHIRLEY CAPERTON GUTHRIE, JR., B.D. ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR IN SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY AND NEW TESTAMENT A.B., Austin College; B.D., Princeton Theological Seminary; Graduate Study at the University of Basel. THE REV. JAMES BENJAMIN GREEN, D.D., LL.D. PROFESSOR EMERITUS A.B., University of Nashville; Graduate of Union Theological Seminary; D.D., Presbyterian College; LL.D., Southwestern College; Past Moderator of the General Assembly. VISITING PROFESSORS THE REV. STUART ROSCOE OGLESBY, JR., D.D. PASTOR EMERITUS, THE CENTRAL PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, ATLANTA GUEST PROFESSOR OF URBAN CHURCH B.A., Arkansas College; B.D., Union Theological Seminary, Va.; D.D., Arkansas College; D.D., Union Theological Seminary, Va. THE REV. CHARLES VINCENT GERKIN, B.D. CHAPLAIN SUPERVISOR, THE GRADY MEMORIAL HOSPITAL, ATLANTA GUEST PROFESSOR OF CLINICAL PASTORAL TRAINING A.B.. Washburn Municipal University; B.D., Garret Biblical Institute; Graduate Study at Northwestern University; Accredited Chaplain Supervisor, The Council for Clinical Training. THE REV. JOHN LAWSON, M.A., B.D. PROFESSOR OF CHURCH HISTORY, CANDLER SCHOOL OF THEOLOGY, EMORY UNIVERSITY GUEST PROFESSOR OF CHURCH HISTORY B.Sc, Midland Agricultural College; M.A., B.D., Cambridge University. THE REV. FRANKLIN H. LITTELL, Ph.D., D.D. PROFESSOR OF CHURCH HISTORY, CANDLER SCHOOL OF THEOLOGY, EMORY UNIVERSITY GUEST PROFESSOR OF CHURCH HISTORY B.A., Cornell College, Iowa; B.D., Union Theological Seminary, New York; Ph.D., Yale University; D.D., Cornell College, Iowa, Dr. Theol., h. c, Marburg THE REV. HARMON BIGELOW RAMSEY, Th.D., D.D. PASTOR, THE FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, ATHENS, GEORGIA GUEST PROFESSOR OF CHRISTIAN EDUCATION A.B., Arkansas College; B.D.. Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary; D.D., Arkansas College; Th.D., Union Theological Seminary, Va. Gerkin Lawson Oglesby Ramsey 10 Lecturers SMYTH LECTURER 1959-60 THE REV. PRINCIPAL P. S. GLEN, Ph.D., Th.D. OTHER LECTURERS 1959-60 PROFESSOR ERNEST ALBERT BEATY, M.A. THE REV. ERNEST GORDON, M.A., S.T.M. VISITING PROFESSORS, 1959-60 THE REV. LEON MORRIS, M.Th., Ph.D. VICE PRINCIPAL OF RIDLEY COLLEGE, MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA GUEST PROFESSOR OF NEW TESTAMENT FOR 1959-60 THE REV. HENRY SNYDER GEHMAN, Ph.D., S.T.D. WM. HENRY GREEN PROFESSOR OF OLD TESTAMENT LITERATURE, EMERITUS PRINCETON THEOLOGY SEMINARY GUEST PROFESSOR OF OLD TESTAMENT FOR 1959-60 SMYTH LECTURER 1958-59 THE REV. MARKUS BARTH, Th.D. Subject: LET PREACHING BE PREACHING (MATTHEW 5:1-20) OTHER LECTURERS THE REV. ROBERT F. BOYD, Th.D. THE REV. DANIEL P. McGEACHY, JR., Th.D. 11 PERMANENT FACULTY COMMITTEES ADMINISTRATIVE RICHARDS, ANDERSON, GEAR ADMISSIONS CARTLEDGE, GEAR, RICHARDS, MCDILL, ANDERSON CURRICULUM AND FACULTY GEAR, CARTLEDGE, RICHARDS, GUTHRIE DEVOTIONAL LIFE HUIE, TAYLOR, ROBINSON, RICHARDS, THOMSON FIELD WORK ANDERSON, GEAR, MCDILL, RICHARDS GRADUATE WORK GUTZKE, CARTLEDGE, GEAR, MCDILL, GAILEY, GUTHRIE LIBRARY THOMPSON, ROBINSON, GAILEY, THOMSON, FUHRMANN SCHOLARSHIP AND AWARDS GUTHRIE, GAILEY, ROBINSON, PRINCE SPECIAL LECTURERS ROBINSON, GAILEY, GEAR, THOMSON, FUHRMANN STUDENT LIFE AND ACTIVITIES PRINCE, THOMPSON, GUTZKE, TAYLOR, HUIE 12 WHAT COLUMBIA OFFERS Columbia Seminary offers the candidate for the ministry a stand- ard theological training under a faculty of recognized scholarship and conservative theology in a setting which includes the cultural and strategic advantages of the city of Atlanta and the beauty and charm of nearby Decatur. Instruction Columbia Seminary has always sought to maintain the highest standards of scholarship, and in recent years has kept pace with the practice of the best institutions of learning outside the theological world by encouraging all full professors to earn a doctor's degree, or a graduate degree of similar standing from some recognized univer- sity. Each member of the faculty is thoroughly prepared in the field of his particular instruction and is well equipped to lead his students in their studies and to assist them is evaluating the mate- rial under consideration. The modern minister has a positive duty to be thoroughly conversant with modern scholarship and with all present trends in theological thought, in order that he may meet the problems of his people. Hence it is our effort to encourage a broad general reading while, at the same time, laying a firm foun- dation for the student in a thorough acquaintance with the revealed truth of God's Word and with the historic standards of our Church. Emphasis is placed upon genuine scholarship, for scholarship is the invaluable tool of the minister. The fact is recognized, how- ever, that it is only a tool, and that unless it is dominated by the spirit of Christ it is worthless. All instruction at Columbia, therefore, seeks constantly to emphasize the practical, spiritual, and devotional values of the material which is studied. Accreditation Columbia Seminary is a member of the American Association of Theological Schools and its work is fully accredited by that organi- zation. This approval of its work assures graduates of the seminary of full academic recognition for courses completed in its classrooms. The Association makes no attempt to dictate the theological views of its members but is concerned only with the maintenance and improvement of their educational standards. The seminary is also a member of the Presbyterian Educational Association of the South. 13 A Greater University Center The presence in the Atlanta area of an unusual number of out- standing educational institutions led some years ago to the idea of a great cooperative undertaking in the field of higher education. A program which looks toward the eventual development of a great university system based on the plan successfully followed in Toronto, Canada, was instituted, and significant progress has been made in that direction. Institutions participating in the program at present are The University System of Georgia, Emory University, The Georgia Insti- tute of Technology, Agnes Scott College, Oglethorpe University, the Atlanta Art Association, and Columbia Theological Seminary. Each school maintains its absolute independence and its own distinctive standards, but each has full access to the library and faculty resources of the others. A union card catalogue of the various libraries represented has been prepared with the help of generous appropriations from the General Education Board of New York. This catalogue makes it possible for a student or professor in any of the cooperating in- stitutions to locate and have access to any volume contained in any individual library. An agreement has been reached between the faculties of Columbia Seminary and of the Candler School of Theology in Emory Uni- versity that students of either institution may, with the consent of their professors, be admitted to courses taught in the other. In cer- tain cases this arrangement may be of benefit to undergraduate students in these schools, but it should be of particular value to those who are taking work toward advanced degrees. During each year, through the cooperative program of the Uni- versity Center a number of distinguished lecturers in a variety of fields are brought to the Atlanta area, and their lectures are pre- sented in the schools associated with the program. Recently one or two lecturers of special interest to theological students have come to Columbia Seminary each year as a result of this program. Cultural Advantages As a center of transportation and commerce with a population of approximately 900,000, Greater Atlanta offers many advantages in a social and cultural way. Thus, in addition to the facilities available through its schools, it provides a multitude of worth-while opportunities for the enrichment of the mental and spiritual life. Atlanta has long been famous as perhaps the outstanding musical center of the South, but it also draws visitors of distinction in prac- 14 tically every field of human activity. Throughout the year students have opportunities to hear preachers, educators, scholars, political leaders and musicians of national or world-wide fame. An Expanding Opportunity Statistics of the Church in Columbia's territory tell a graphic story. When the seminary was founded it took both South Carolina and Georgia to form one synod and that, at its best was not large in membership. It contained five presbyteries, two in Georgia and three in South Carolina, and these consisted of 128 churches with 8,560 communicants served by 73 ministers and 1 1 licentiates. The terri- tory of Columbia Seminary now contains five synods, which cover an area stretching from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River, and from the North Carolina-Tennessee line to Key West. Greater Atlanta, the home of the seminary, is in the center not only of this territory but of the entire South. This area contains 247,785 square miles with a population of over fifteen million persons. Our Church in this territory reports 1,278 churches, 266,061 members, and 1,086 ordained ministers and licentiates. Great as is the progress which has been made, however, the Southeast continues to be one of the greatest home mission areas of America, and Presbyterianism has not done its proportion- ate share toward the evangelization of this territory. There is genu- ine need for a strong theological seminary located in the heart of this section to send out well trained and warm-hearted young min- isters into the development of the synods and the extension of their work. Strategically located as it is, Columbia Seminary possesses a unique opportunity for service. It deserves the loyalty and the sup- port of students and of financial benefactors not only by reason of its educational importance, but because it is one of the great agen- cies of Church extension. Industrial-Rural-Urban Church Work The City of Atlanta, with its Presbyterian Church membership of more than 26,000 and with its enrollment of more than 20,000 in Presbyterian Church Schools, furnishes to the students various op- portunities for engaging in active religious work. Within the metro- politan area every type of church and every form of Christian activity is found. This gives opportunity to study the work of typi- cal churches, both of our own and other denominations. The rapid growth of the South as an industrial section is present- 15 ing the church with a fresh challenge and with new opportunities. Atlanta is itself a great manufacturing center, and is located in the heart of a rapidly developing industrial area. Columbia Seminary is thus afforded a rare opportunity for contact with this increasingly important aspect of the life of our section. In the outlying agricultural district, and in the villages and towns which lie within easy reach of the seminary, the students have op- portunity to study, under most favorable conditions, church work in the rural and small town communities. This ideal location furnishes exceptional advantages of a clinical nature for the thorough preparation of ministers equipped for every task which the Church faces. The opportunities thus afforded for studying methods of church work at first-hand are of especial value to classes in Pastoral Theology, in Homiletics, and in Christian Education, and greatly strengthen the quality of the work offered in these departments. A description of the observation work re- quired in these classes will be found in the brief prospectus of courses published elsewhere in this catalogue. The seminary seeks to provide specialized training for the three major types of church to be found in the new south, the industrial, the urban and the rural church. Each student is required to take a course preparatory to work in these fields and may elect to take additional courses and practical experience in any of them. Opportunities for a theological internship or for summer training can easily be made available in churches representative of the particular type of work for which a student wishes to prepare himself. A Presbyterian Center Atlanta also affords a rare opportunity for the Presbyterian theo- logical student by reason of the location here of so many of the denominational offices. The Stated Clerk of the General Assembly, the General Council of the Presbyterian Church, U. S., the Board of Church Extension with its Divisions, and the Board of Women's Work all maintain their headquarters here. A property near the business heart of Atlanta has been made into a Presbyterian Cen- ter which provides homes for all of these agencies as well as for the Board of Annuities and Relief and the Presbyterian Bookstore. This affords an opportunity for students of the seminary to benefit from specialized guidance in these areas of church life, both by visiting the respective offices and by the personnel of these agencies. An Interdenominational Center The City of Atlanta is also the center of significant interdenomi- 16 national work including a Regional office of the National Council of Churches and the Protestant Radio and Television Center. Columbia Theological Seminary is one of the institutions and agencies which have united recently to form a corporation for the establishment and maintenance of a Protestant Radio and Television Center in this locality. Emory University and Agnes Scott College are also founding donors of the corporation together with The Radio Committee of the Presbyterian Church, U. S., and its counterpart in the Southeastern Jurisdiction of the Methodist Church, the Protestant Episcopal Church, the Lutheran Church, and the Southeastern Inter- council Office. A generous grant was made for this purpose by a local benevolent foundation and other necessary funds were provided by the schools and agencies which have a part in the work. A handsome modern building has been constructed on a tract of land donated by Emory University and its studios are equipped with the most modern facilities for live broadcasts and for recording transcribed programs. It is expected that this center will provide students of the semi- nary with a remarkable opportunity to prepare themselves for the increasing use of radio and television which are so important in the ministry of today. Church Extension Work In addition to the training which results from observation of others at work, the churches of Atlanta and the surrounding country offer many and varied opportunities for mission work. The churches of the city have well organized Church Schools and Youth and Westminster Fellowships. The students of the seminary are ex- pected to take an active part in the work of these church organi- zations. A number of the students are engaged by the home mission com- mittees within easy reach of Atlanta to supply home mission fields and to assist in other forms of Christian work. In this way oppor- tunity is provided for many students to engage in supply work and other forms of religious activity, for which a reasonable remunera- tion is usually provided. Mission Haven Adjoining the Seminary campus is a group of eight apartments built and maintained by the Women of the Church of the five Synods which support the Seminary. These apartments are com- pletely furnished and equipped for the use of missionaries during furlough terms. One of the rich experiences of seminary life is the 17 association which is possible each year with these representatives of our church's outreach to the world. Further information regarding Mission Haven may be secured from Mrs. William S. Dennis, Jr., 981 Juniper Street, N.E., Atlanta 9, Georgia. Supply Preaching by Students Students of the Senior and Middle Classes are permitted to supply vacant churches, provided absence from the campus does not con- flict with their seminary duties. A considerable number of small churches near Atlanta are thus supplied by members of the upper classes and real service has been rendered to the Church Extension agencies of this section in this way. Except in special cases, members of the Junior class are not permitted to undertake regular work. Ordinarily no student should undertake regular work oftener than twice a month. Where necessity seems to require that a student engage in full-time supply work, the Faculty will consider each case and decide upon its merits. Theological Internships Columbia Seminary has been a pioneer in providing opportunity for certain of its students to take a year of clinical training under the oversight of older and more experienced ministers. This training is to be taken between the Middle and Senior years at the seminary in order that the student in his last year of academic work may de- vote himself especially to problems which he has discovered during his period of practical training. The faculty of the seminary main- tains close contact with the student and with the minister under whom he serves during the clinical year and is always prepared to offer its assistance and advice. Any student may apply for appoint- ment to such an internship, but the decision of the Faculty will be made in the light of its judgment as to the best interests of the indi- vidual concerned. No student is required to take this fourth year of training contrary to his own wishes and none is permitted to do so without permission of his presbytery. In all instances the church which the student serves will provide such remuneration as may be agreed upon by the congregation, the Faculty of the seminary, and the student concerned. The plan has proved highly rewarding to the increasing number of students who have accepted internships since its inception in 1935. Every clinical student must be under the regular supervision and guidance of a pastor or some official of a presbytery as well as that of the Department of Field Work. Regular reports to the Director 18 of Field Work are required of each student taking this form of training. Clinical Training in Pastoral Counseling The Seminary is a member of the Council for Clinical Training, Inc. By reason of this membership, students of the Seminary are not only afforded an opportunity to take an internship in the various clin- ical centers provided by the Council, but also the Seminary has a voice in the policy and organization of the Council. Academic credit may be given on an elective basis for participation in the intern pro- gram afforded by the Council. Thus, additional training is provided for the student at appropriate clinical centers, such as mental and general hospitals and correctional institutions. The fundamental pat- tern of training in all these types of institutions has been similar, planned in the belief that a working knowledge of the scientific disci- plines in use are prerequisite to any realistic pastoral work. This des not mean that a student must learn all psychiatry or medicine or penology before he can begin any pastoral work. It does mean that in three months the student participating in this program is introduced to the ways of work and ways of thought in these various professions which deal curatively with human nature, that his feet are set on the path of a rational acceptance and a sympathetic understanding of human disorders, that through this acceptance and understanding his vision of the spiritual dimensions of human nature is clarified in a way that is realistic for thought and practical work and preaching. Summer Work Ordinarily the seminary expects its students to be engaged in some form of Field Work during the summer months, but in recent years members of the Language Departments have offered courses in Be- ginners' Greek and Hebrew during the summer. These courses are intended to provide the new student who has had no Greek with this basic tool for theological study. It is also possible for some students to attend the summer session of the Candler School of Theology at Emory University for elective credit toward the completion of work at Columbia Seminary. Library Facilities The library of Columbia Seminary contains one of the most exten- sive and valuable collections of theological literature in the South and is an indispensable adjunct to the work carried on in the class- rooms. The collection totals more than 50,000 volumes of books and periodicals and is being increased at a rate of approximately 1,000 o X a E o u volumes each year. Through the years, gifts from ministers and friends have enriched the collection. The most important religious journals, and a number of general periodicals, are available in the library reading room. Volumes in the library are catalogued according to the Union Seminary, or Pettee, system of classification which is designed par- ticularly for seminary libraries. Since the seminary is a part of the University Center, students have access to the libraries at Agnes Scott College, Emory University, Georgia Tech, and other educa- tional institutions of the city. Location of particular volumes is facili- tated by use of the Union Catalog at Emory University. A recent addition to the library is a collection of recorded ser- mons on magnetic tapes provided by Mr. and Mrs. Harlow M. Russell in memory of Susan V. Russell. Reels of lectures and ser- mons are continually being added to the collection so as to provide more adequately for the instruction of students in preaching and other disciplines. The Campus The physical equipment of Columbia Seminary in Decatur is fire- proof and modern. The buildings are constructed of red brick faced with gray limestone, and their architecture, based upon the graceful lines of the academic Gothic, is beautiful and impressive. Campbell Hall, the administration building, contains on its first three floors the classrooms, the chapel, the dining hall and kitchen, a student parlor, a prayer room, and offices of the adminis- tration and faculty members. The fourth floor provides additional dormitory space. This building was erected through the generosity of the late Mr. J. Bulow Campbell of Atlanta in memory of his mother. The main dormitory is divided into four sections, two of which bear the names of the seminary's former dormitories in Columbia, Simons and Law Halls. Each room has hot and cold running water, and there are showers on each floor of each section. All windows in the dormitory are screened. Rooms are furnished with single beds, mattresses and pillows, study tables, and book shelves. The whole plant is heated by steam. Twelve homes for faculty members are on the campus, con- venient to the needs of students for conferences with members of the faculty. All the permanent buildings are beautiful and substan- tial, and everything that might lend to their comfort and efficiency has been included. 21 22 Two apartment dormitories of fireproof construction have recently been completed on the western edge of the campus. These buildings provide comfortable quarters for eighteen student families. The semi- nary also owns buildings in Decatur and Atlanta which provide living quarters for twelve additional families. The beautiful library of the seminary was completed in 1952. This building, which is air-conditioned throughout, has a potential stack capacity of 100,000 volumes. It contains a beautiful Gothic reading room, carrels for individual students, a room for audio-visual educa- tion, seminar room, a typing room, and adequate offices and a work room for the staff. It has been appropriately named in honor of Mr. John Bulow Campbell, a former member of its Board of Directors and the principal benefactor of the institution. The campus, consisting of slightly more than fifty acres of rolling woodland, is of unusual natural beauty and allows ample room for future expansion. The Columbia Presbyterian Church, which was organized in the seminary chapel in 1948, has erected a beautiful Education building on a five-acre tract of land donated by the semi- nary, and its worship services and church school are filling a place of growing importance in the life of the institution as well as the community. Future plans call for the erection of a beautiful and commodious sanctuary and of a smaller chapel. Musical Organizations In past years Columbia Seminary has been represented by excel- lent quartettes which have occupied a prominent place in the musi- cal life of the institution and have rendered a variety of services. In recent years a strong Seminary Choir has been developed under the leadership of Professor Taylor. This group has sung in the regu- lar worship services of various churches of the Atlanta area as well as in programs at the seminary, and has been heard by many over the radio. An annual tour of a week's duration is made to some area of the supporting synods, and by visiting churches and schools in this territory the Choir is proving to be an effective agency for presenting the work of Columbia Seminary and the challenge of the Gospel Ministry. Lectures on the Thomas Smyth Foundation Through a generous bequest of Rev. Thomas Smyth, D.D., who was for years the pastor of the Second Presbyterian Church of Charleston, South Carolina, a lectureship bearing the name of its founder was established at Columbia Seminary in 1911. In accord- 23 ance with the conditions of the bequest, some person of worthy character and distinguished for learning and ability is chosen each year by the Board and Faculty to deliver a course of lectures on the fundamental principles of the Christian faith or on the practical tasks of the Church. The funds bequeathed by Dr. Smyth to found this lectureship amount to $10,000, and the interest on this amount each year is used in providing for the delivery of the lectures. For over forty years distinguished scholars and ministers have treated a large variety of themes, doctrinal, critical, practical, archaeological, and historical. Religious Life A constant endeavor is made to keep the life both of individuals and of the school upon the highest possible plane. All classes in the seminary are opened with prayer. Students and faculty members meet in the Chapel on five days each week for a brief worship serv- ice and, ordinarily, for the hearing of a devotional message. Re- sponsibility for the conduct of worship is shared by members of the Faculty with members of the Senior class and with the Student Society of Missionary Inquiry. A particularly helpful feature of the worship service conducted at the seminary is found in the celebration of the Communion of the Lord's Supper in the Chapel at appropriate intervals during the year. One such service is customarily held during the first week of the fall quarter. Other observances of the Sacrament are fixed at special seasons during the school session, with at least one coming in each quarter. These services rightly hold the place of pre-eminence in the devotional and spiritual life of the campus. Society of Missionary Inquiry Soon after the seminary began its regular work in Columbia, the Society of Missionary Inquiry was founded for the purpose of fur- thering an interest in missions, both at home and abroad. The Cen- tennial of the Society was celebrated in Atlanta, February, 1931, with appropriate addresses and a pageant presenting a century of service. From time to time the regular chapel service of the seminary is given over to the Society, which uses that opportunity both to bring visiting speakers on missions to the campus and to have messages delivered by members of the student body. Business meet- 24 ings of the Society are also held at fixed times during the year, and a program for the promotion of devotional life on the campus is planned and carried out under the auspices of the organization. A special mission conference is ordinarily held at some time each year and a significant part of each Commencement is an address delivered before the Society of Missionary Inquiry with an offering taken for Foreign Missions. A campaign to secure funds for the Home and Foreign Mission enterprises of the Church is conducted annually by the Society, and presents students with a constant oppor- tunity to contribute financially to the Gospel enterprise. A substan- tial amount has been received in this way. The Society has also sponsored an aggressive Home Mission Program in the city of Atlanta and its environs. Members of that organization have been particularly active in evangelistic preaching and in house to house visitation in some of the neediest areas of the city. Other work of visiting and conducting services is carried on in county homes, prisons and prison camps; and special programs are rendered in the Sunday Schools, Young People's Societies and churches in the Atlanta area. Social Life Students of the seminary enjoy pleasant and wholesome social contacts within the seminary family and in the area surrounding the seminary. The homes of Faculty members are always open to student visitors. The Faculty also entertains the different classes of the stu- dent body in three parties or receptions during the school year. Other gatherings are arranged by various groups. Wives' Club The Columbia Theological Seminary Student Wives' Club is pat- terned after the Women of the Church, and its purpose is to provide Bible knowledge, spiritual discernment and social graces for each member through a program of fellowship. Each wife is assigned to a circle which meets weekly. Special Bible classes for the wives and workshops in family life are offered throughout the year. Physical Culture and Recreation Any minister who does not possess a strong, healthy body is tre- mendously handicapped in his work and can hardly hope to measure up to the strenuous demands of the modern pastorate. The semi- nary, therefore, encourages all students to take regular exercise. Three all weather tennis courts, a volley ball and shuffleboard court, 25 1 1 1 1 % & CO L. o u /> D CO "D c D c c and an athletic field provide adequate opportunity for outdoor sports in which competition between the various classes is a feature of great interest. The American Legion golf course, located a little more than a mile from the seminary campus, allows students to play for a very small fee, and golfers find an additional advantage in the fact that the city of Atlanta owns several municipal courses. Basket- ball is played on church courts which are available to the students. Contests are also arranged with various Presbyterian colleges in connection with visits by student deputations. The fine climate of this section and the situation of the seminary make it possible for students to engage in some form of out-door sport on most days of the year. Medical Care The splendid hospital and medical facilities of Atlanta are readily available to students of the seminary, and this fact insures the proper care of those who require medical attention. Several of the prominent physicians and surgeons of the city have always been will- ing to give their services to the student body either without charge or at rates which are greatly below those charged in ordinary practice, and in so doing have rendered great service to the seminary and to the Church. Orientation Program Every student who enters a theological seminary soon realizes that the time he has in which to prepare for the Gospel ministry is very short. He faces the question: "How can I derive the most benefit from my seminary course?" It is possible to lose much time, weeks or perhaps months, in making the transition from the kind of academic work done in college to the type of instruction given at the level of theological education. Some studies in theology demand knowledge of special principles of procedure before a student can pursue them with facility and a sense of achievement. If certain methods and skills peculiar to the intellectual work of a minister are not acquired during his theological training, it may be difficult or impossible to learn them later. If, however, they are set forth early in his semi- nary work and he is given an opportunity to practice them under supervision while a student at the institution, they are more likely to become a permanent part of his educational equipment for the future. Columbia believes, therefore, that everything possible should be done to help new students make a quick and easy adjustment to 27 theological study, and to help them adopt sound methods of study as early as possible. With this purpose in view, an orientation pro- gram has been arranged and is required of all new students during the days preceding the regular opening of the seminary in the fall. This program is without extra expense to the students except for an appropriate charge for board. Columbia's program includes the following elements: 1. An opportunity for new students to get acquainted with one another and with student body leaders and members of the Faculty before the "rush" of routine work starts; 2. Instruction concerning the use of a theological library as a means of saving time and effort later; 3. Suggestions regarding the most effective methods of approach to theological studies; 4. A battery of psychological and achievement tests similar to those used in other educational institutions and designed to help students meet particular deficiencies of preparation and personality adjustment; 5. Periods of worship and inspiration designed to set the tone of work in the Seminary upon a high spiritual plane. Alumni Association The Alumni of Columbia Seminary, always an intensely loyal group, are banded into an Association which seeks to make an in- creasing contribution to the welfare of the institution. The annual business meeting of the Alumni Association is one of the principal events of Ministers' Week in the Fall. For a number of years the Association has promoted an Alumni Sharing Fund through which graduates of the seminary have given to the support of the institu- tion. Dr. Bob S. Hodges, Jr.. Associate Secretary of the General Coun- cil, Atlanta, Georgia is president of the Association. 28 TERMS OF ADMISSION Every student seeking admission to the seminary must present the following credentials: 1. A written application for admission made in accordance with the form prepared by the seminary and providing necessary bio- graphical facts. Printed application blanks will be mailed by the seminary upon request. The application must be accompanied by a registration fee of $10.00 which will be credited toward payment of fees for the first quarter. No refunds will be made in the case of registrations which are cancelled after August 1 of the year in which the student expected to enroll. 2. A letter from competent officials in his church stating that he is in full communion with the Church, and that on the basis both of Christian character and of natural gifts he is recommended for admission as a student of theology. Under ordinary circum- stances each Presbyterian student applying for admission is expected to present a statement from his presbytery authorizing him to enter this seminary. 3. A satisfactory health certificate to be given by a competent physician on a form prescribed by the seminary. 4. Satisfactory letters of reference as requested on the applica- tion blank. 5. A transcript of his record at the last institution attended fur- nishing evidence of the fact that he has completed a regular course of study and has received an approved degree. If he has not com- pleted such a course the student will only be admitted upon the special request of his presbytery, or of a similar church court in other denominations, with recommendation that he be received as an extraordinary case. In such cases the student will be expected to furnish evidence that he has received adequate training in sub- jects fundamental to the studies of the seminary or he may be required to stand an entrance examination given by the faculty. It is becoming increasingly difficult for men who have not had full college education to find a place in the ministry, and Columbia Seminary definitely discourages such men from seeking admission unless it be under most exceptional circumstances. If the applicant for admission is an ordained minister, he must present a letter from the ecclesiastical body to which he belongs stating that he is in good and regular standing, and must meet the necessary academic requirements. 29 College Preparation The academic degree offered upon entrance to the seminary should represent four years of collegiate work. Other degrees than that of Bachelor of Arts, showing the completion of an adequate collegiate course, will be accepted as satisfying the academic re- quirements for admission to the seminary, but the classical course of study leading to the degree of Bachelor of Arts is the normal course of preparation for the seminary. In order to further the program of cooperation between colleges of agriculture and theological seminaries which has recently been developed, this institution will accept graduates of four-year colleges of agriculture as candidates for its degree. There is scarcely any branch of learning which is not of very great value to the student for the ministry. Adequate time should be given to Latin, Greek, Philosophy, Bible History, Ancient and Modern History, the English Language, English Literature, Edu- cation, and Psychology. It is also highly important that the student should have the broadest possible acquaintance with the facts of modern science. It is desirable that all students of the seminary shall have com- pleted the proposed minimum pre-seminary curriculum which is printed below. Those who lack basic courses in English, History, the Natural Sciences, Philosophy, and the Social Sciences or who may be found to be deficient in one or more of these fields may be required to do supplementary work in them under the guidance of faculty members. Instruction in the New Testament Department presupposes knowl- edge of Greek. Students should make an earnest effort to take during their college course at least two years or three quarters of Greek, either classical or New Testament. Students who have not had this minimum of college Greek will be required to take the Beginners' Greek course during the Summer Language School or in their first year at the seminary. If at all possible, it is preferable that the Greek course be taken during the summer before matriculation at the seminary. Proposed Minimum of Pre-Seminary Curriculum It is desirable that a student should have acquaintance with the following fields of study before beginning study in seminary and that his work in these fields should be evaluated in terms of mastery of the fields rather than in terms of semester hours or credits. Because 30 some measure is necessary, however, a minimum is stated in terms of semesters and semester hours. Sem. Basal Fields Semester Hrs. English Literature, Composition, and Speech 6 12-16 Philosophy 3 6-12 At least two of the following: Intro, to Philosophy History of Philosophy Ethics Logic Bible or Religion 2 4-6 History 3 6-12 Psychology 1 2- 3 A Foreign Language 4 12-16 At least one of the following: Latin Greek Hebrew French German Natural Sciences 2 4-6 Physical or Biological Social Sciences 2 4-6 At least two of the following: Economics Sociology Government or Political Science Social Psychology Education Concentration Concentration of work, or "majoring," is a common practice in col- leges. For such concentration or major, a constructive sequence based upon any one, two, or three of the above fields of study would lead up naturally to a theological course. (N.B. The foregoing statement is in line with recommendations made by the American Association of Theological Schools and is published here at the request of the General Assembly of our Church, which has ap- proved it. The suggestions included should be carefully studied by all can- didates for the ministry who have not completed their college training.) Students from Other Seminaries A student coming from another seminary of recognized standing will be granted appropriate transfer of credits upon his presentation of transcript and of a letter from that seminary certifying to his good standing, and regularly dismissing him to this institution. He must also comply with the terms of admission set forth above, and if a candidate for the degree of Bachelor of Divinity, he must satisfy 31 the requirements of the seminary with reference to knowledge ot the original languages of Scripture. It will not ordinarily be possible for any transfer student to graduate in as little as one year's time after matriculation here. Reports to Presbyteries The seminary regularly reports to the proper authorities in the presbytery the results of each term of work as indicated by the student's attendance, punctuality, deportment, diligence, and scho- lastic standing. A student who fails to complete satisfactorily all of his academic work, or otherwise prove himself a worthy candidate, will not be eligible for scholarship aid during the following quarter unless spe- cial providential circumstances lead the Faculty to make an excep- tion in his case. Pledge In addition to meeting the foregoing qualifications for admission to the seminary, the Board of Directors requires each student to subscribe to the following declaration : "Deeply impressed with a sense of the importance of improving in knowledge, prudence and piety, in my preparation for the Gospel ministry, I solemnly promise, in a reliance on divine grace, that I will faithfully and diligently attend on all the instructions of this seminary, and that I will conscientiously and vigilantly observe all the rules and regulations specified in the plan for its instruction and government, so far as the same relates to the students; and that I will obey all the lawful requisitions, and readily yield to all the whole- some admonitions of the professors and directors of the seminary while I shall continue a member of it." 32 REQUIREMENTS FOR DEGREES The Degree of Bachelor of Divinity The standard degree of the seminary is the Bachelor of Divinity (B.D.). Any student who completes in a satisfactory manner all re- quired courses of the seminary together with enough elective courses to bring the total of his credits to 140, and who has presented to the faculty a diploma of graduation from a recognized college or university, will receive a diploma from this seminary certifying that he has earned this degree. The requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Divinity may not be completed in less than nine quarters. Satisfaction of the semi- nary's requirements in Field Work as outlined on page 40 is also required for graduation. In order to earn a degree a student must maintain an overall average of C for his seminary course; this is indicated by the accumulation of quality points which must number no less than the number of hours required for graduation. OUTLINE OF COURSES FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF DIVINITY Fall Quarter 101 Old Testam't 3 151 English Bible 4 300a Theology . . 3 426 Pastoral Care 1 430 Past'l Theol. 3 : 126 New Testam't 3 JUNIOR YEAR Winter Quarter 102 Old Testam't 3 300 Theology . . 3 300b Theology . . 3 426 Pastoral Care 1 451 Homiletics . 3 480 Ch. & Comm. 1 490 Pub. Spkg. . 1 * 1 27 New Testam't 3 Spring Quarter 103 Old Testam't 3 152 English Bible 4 210 History ... 4 301 Theology . . 3 453 Homiletics . . V-i :: 428 New Testam't 3 Total . 11 & 14 (17) 131 New Testam't 5 220 History ... 4 302 Theology . . 3 454 Homiletics . . '_ 473 Missions ... 2 491 Pub. Spkg . . 1 Total . 12 & 15 (18) MIDDLE YEAR 105 Old Testam't 3 230 History ... 4 303 Theology . . 3 431 Past'l Theol. 5 Total . . 14% (17Vl>) 132 New Testam't 4 304 Theology . . 3 351 Apologetics . 4 470 Evangelism . 3 Total 15% Total 15 SENIOR YEAR Total 14 104 Old Testam't 4 153 English Bible 4 305 Theology . . 3 452 Homiletics . 2 133 New Testam't 5 240 History ... 4 306 Theology . . 3 400 Christian Ed. 2 106 Old Testam't 3 401 Christian Ed. 4 495 Worship ... 4 Total 13 Total 14 Total 11 * Required of all candidates for a degree who have not had Greek in college. Students required to take N. T. 126-128 will normally not be expected to take O. T. 101-103 at the same time, but to arrange to take one of the languages during Summer Language School either preceding or following the Junior year. 33 Grading System At the close of each quarter, grades are sent to all students and their presbyteries. A, (excellent) is the highest grade given; it is reserved for those students whose work is of a markedly superior quality. B, (good) is the grade given for work which, while not notably superior, is clearly above the average. C, (satisfactory) is the grade given for satisfactory work of the average student. D, (inferior) is the grade given for work which, while not alto- gether satisfactory, is good enough to entitle the student to credit for the course. E, (conditioned) is the grade given those students whose work is not good enough to entitle them to credit for the course, but to whom the instructor is willing to allow a re-examination after addi- tional study; on such re-examination no grade other than D or F can be given. F, (failure) is the grade given for failure and indicates that no credit can be had except by repeating the course. Quality Points will be given as follows: A, 3 quality points per hour; B, 2 quality points; C, 1 quality point. Students whose academic average falls below a C in any quarter are automatically put on probation for the next quarter (except after the first quarter of the Junior year). If at the end of the following quarter they have not brought their academic average up to a C, they are asked to withdraw from the Seminary. Distinctions Students who have secured an aggregate of 410 quality points in the 140 hours of work required for the B.D. degree graduate "Summa Cum Laude." The distinction of "Magna Cum Laude" is awarded to those who have earned 375 quality points; and those who have 330 quality points are graduated "Cum Laude." In each of these cases the appropriate distinction is recorded upon the stu- dent's diploma. These academic honors are subject to revision or forfeiture if the student's field work is plainly unsatisfactory in the judgment of the Faculty. 34 The Degree of Master of Theology (Th.M.) The degree of Master of Theology is granted to a student who has spent a year or more in graduate study, has completed satisfac- torily at least thirty-five hours of work with grades that average at least B, has presented an acceptable thesis on some approved sub- ject, and has passed a final oral examination before the faculty or a committee of the faculty. All of the thirty-five hours required shall be completed in resi- dence, and must be taken after the student has been admitted to the graduate department. Admission to Study in the Graduate Department: Admis- sion of the student to graduate study shall be by the Dean of the Graduate Department. Doubtful cases will be referred to the com- mittee on admissions of the faculty. The seminary is under no obli- gation to admit a student unless the faculty is convinced that the student could profit by a year's study and that a satisfactory course of study can be planned from the courses that are available at the time. Each applicant is expected to present evidence of achievement and competence as a student, especially in the field of his major interest. He must have the degree of B.D. from this seminary or its academic equivalent. He must have passed the regular B.D. courses in Hebrew and Greek; those students who plan to do their major work in the Old or New Testament departments must be able to handle the appropriate language with ease. At the time of admission to study, the student will be assigned at least tentatively a sponsoring professor, who will be a member of the department in which the student plans to specialize and under whom he wishes to write his thesis. The sponsoring professor must approve the courses taken by the student before the student com- pletes his registration at the beginning of each quarter. No student may take more than fifteen hours of graduate work during one quarter. Specialization: A student may specialize in any one of the four major branches of the theological curriculum, the Biblical, the his- torical, the systematic, or the pastoral. At least fifteen hours must be taken in the field of specialization. At least twenty-five hours must be taken either in the field of specialization or in related courses approved by the Dean of the Graduate Department and the professor under whom the student is writing his thesis. As many as ten hours may be taken in any courses approved for graduate study by the Dean. 35 A student intending to specialize in the area of pastoral care and counseling in the branch of pastoral theology is required to have one full quarter of clinical training with the Council for Clinical Pastoral Training, Inc., or the equivalent of this approved by the professor of pastoral counseling. Admission to Candidacy: At least five months before the stu- dent can be granted a degree, he must be formally admitted to can- didacy for the degree. Admission is by majority vote of the faculty. Before being presented for admission, the student shall appear before the Committee on Graduate Work with his sponsoring pro- fessor present and submit a brief written sketch of his thesis project, not later than January 15 of the year in which he hopes to receive his degree. The Committee will evaluate the feasibility of the project and the student's academic fitness to carry it out. The Committee may impose qualifying examinations to help in determining the stu- dent's fitness for graduate work. The Committee will hold a regular meeting within the first two weeks of each quarter for the purpose of examining students with a view to admitting to candidacy. If the Committee on Graduate Work recommends approval of the student and his thesis project, the faculty may vote formally to admit the student to candidacy for the degree. This approves the thesis subject and sets up a thesis committee for the student, normally including the student's sponsoring professor as chairman and two other faculty members. The thesis committee is responsible for giving advice to the student concerning his thesis and for recommending the approval of the content of the thesis. Immediately after admission to candidacy, the student should confer with the Librarian about the form of the thesis and receive the manual for the preparation of the thesis in proper form. The student, or whatever typist he may engage, must follow the provi- sions of this manual exactly or the thesis cannot be accepted as satisfactory. The stenographic form of the submitted manuscript shall be the responsibility of the student. Thesis Seminar: Near the end of the winter quarter, a thesis seminar will be conducted by the faculty or a committee of the faculty. At this time the student shall submit an outline of his thesis and at least a tentative bibliography. Suggestions may be given the student at this time by any member of the faculty. The membership of the thesis committee of the student may be changed at this time if it is considered advisable. The Final Oral Examination: When the content of the student's 36 thesis has been approved by his thesis committee, he should make arrangements with the Dean for a time for his final oral examin- ation. The examination may concern itself with the thesis or any courses the student has taken in his graduate work. The Submission and Acceptance of the Thesis: It shall be the responsibility of the Thesis Committee to receive two copies of the thesis from the student, to approve the content of the thesis and to recommend them to the Librarian for inspection not later than three weeks before graduation. It shall be the responsibility of the student to present copies of the thesis to the chairman of the thesis committee sufficiently in advance to allow the committee time to examine it, to approve the student for his final oral examination, and to approve it for recom- mendation to the Librarian. The committee shall advise the stu- dent as to what "sufficiently in advance" will be. The Librarian shall check the manuscript as presented to him by the chairman of the thesis committee to note whether it conforms to the specifications set forth in the manual. It shall not be his re- sponsibility to check any manuscript beyond the "minor altera- tions" which he deems can possibly be made in time for re-inspec- tion before graduation. He shall reject any manuscript which does not conform exactly with the specifications set forth. It shall be the responsibility of the student to keep in touch with the Librarian after the manuscript has been recommended to the Librarian by the Thesis Committee. He shall make any alterations required by the Librarian within the time set by the Librarian. Failure to comply with such direction shall be the cause for rejec- tion of the manuscript. Association with Emory University: As Columbia Seminary and Emory University are both members of the University Center of Georgia, students working for their Th.M. at Columbia may take courses offered by the Candler School of Theology of Emory for full residence credit. Such courses must be approved by the student's sponsoring professor and the Dean of the Graduate Department as fitting into the student's program of study. This working agreement appreciably widens the offerings of both schools. No extra fees are charged; the student pays the regular fees to the school in which he is enrolled. Costs: The costs for graduate work are the same as those for the B.D. The tuition fee is $100 a quarter for students taking a full load. For those taking a smaller load, it is $10 per quarter hour. 37 Correspondence: Correspondence regarding academic matters should be addressed to Dean S. A. Cartledge, The Graduate Depart- ment. Correspondence regarding rooms and apartments should be addressed to Miss C. Virginia Harrison, Treasurer. Degrees in Biblical Education (B.B.E. and M.B.E.) Courses in the field of Biblical education are offered to provide needed training for lay missionaries, teachers of Bible in public schools, directors of Christian education, and others who should not take the three year course leading to the B. D. Students taking either one of these courses are allowed to pursue very flexible courses of study, choosing courses that will best fit their needs from among those offered in the four major departments of seminary in- struction. The courses will be worked out each quarter after con- sultation with the Dean of the Graduate Department. Students enrolling in these courses must be properly recom- mended for admission by competent authorities of their denomina- tion, must submit transcripts showing their college credits and degrees, and must be accepted by the admissions committee of the seminary. Application blanks will be sent out from the office of the Dean of the Graduate Department. The Bachelor of Biblical Education (B.B.E.) The requirements for this degree are: A bachelor's degree from an approved college or university. A minimum of 40 hours credit and 40 quality points. An acceptable research paper on a topic assigned by the Graduate Committee. A student may apply toward this degree not more than 5 hours of credit for work done in other approved institutions of learning. The Master of Biblical Education (M.B.E.) The requirements for this degree are: A bachelor's degree from an approved college or university. A reading knowledge of at least one foreign language. A minimum of 75 hours credit and 150 quality points. An acceptable thesis as prescribed by the Graduate Committee. 38 A final oral examination covering the thesis and any courses sub- mitted for the degree. Students working for the M.B.E. degree may use courses already submitted for the B.B.E. if their quality points are high enough. They may be allowed to transfer work done in other institutions for not more than 10 hours credit. Students may be formally admitted to candidacy for this degree at any time after they have earned 15 hours of credit. They must have been admitted to candidacy at least a year before the degree can be granted. The procedure for admission to candidacy and the rules govern- ing the thesis seminar, the acceptance of the thesis, and the final examination applicable to the Th.M. degree apply also to the M.B.E. degree. Diplomas Students from the five Synods supporting Columbia Seminary who may be received by their presbyteries under the extraordinary case clause of the Book of Church Order may be granted a Diploma from the Seminary upon the completion of 140 hours of work with a minimum of a C average after a period of nine quarters in resi- dence at the Seminary. Application for admission to this "English Course" must be ac- companied by a written request from the student's presbytery, and the Seminary reserves the right to apply any tests of the student's ability which may be helpful in determining the suitability of the course for him. Students who take the English course are permitted to omit Hebrew. And when they do not have the necessary preparation in Greek, they are permitted to omit certain courses in New Testa- ment Exegesis. They must, however, satisfy all other requirements of the Seminary including preaching and Field Work requirements. Special Students A statement or transcript of courses completed will be granted to those students whose presbyteries or other proper authority permit them to take less than the above requirements and to any who may enroll in the seminary for special study. 39 Examinations At the close of each quarter written examinations are held on the subjects studied during the quarter. No student is permitted to be absent from the examination of his class except for satisfactory reasons. In certain instances the professors may require a term paper or papers in lieu of an examination. Comprehensive examinations are also required in the fields of Church History, English Bible, Theology and Pastoral Theology. The examinations in Bible and History are given in the middle year at the beginning of the fall quarter and at the end of the winter quarter respectively. The examinations in Pastoral Theology and Theology are given during the winter quarter of the Senior year. This applies to Seniors not graduating at the conclusion of the Spring quarter. The Final day for submitting all assigned work will be the last day of classes for the quarter. Field Work Columbia Seminary has a unique opportunity to provide almost every possible type of practical training in Field Work for ministerial students. The seminary's program of Field Supervision will assist all students and recent graduates not only during the winter months but throughout the entire year. Columbia's Field Work has two distinc- tive aspects. The Field Director will visit the students on their fields during the summer months and, when requested to do so, will con- tinue to lend counsel to graduates of the seminary for several years after the completion of their academic work. In formulating policies for Field Work, it is the desire of the semi- nary to restrict all concerned as little as possible, to require the least amount of paper work and reports necessary, and to deal with every student on an individual basis. The Director of Field Work counsels with and supervises all stu- dents serving in churches or other Field Work projects, prior to graduation. Deputation and gospel teams and the number of outside engagements are under the direction of the Faculty Field Work Committee. Placement of all students in temporary and permanent fields and all recommendations are handled through the Director of Field Work or the Faculty Committee on Field Work. Unless specifically excused by the Faculty each student is required to be engaged in some form of Field Work during his entire period of Seminary training. All such work should be under the super- vision of the Director of Field Work. The satisfactory completion 40 of all Field Work is required for graduation, and if Field Work reports are unsatisfactory, they will be sent to Presbytery along with regular grades. Due to the constantly expanding program and the highly intensive nature of ministerial training today, the Faculty feels that it must help the student to conserve his major interest and time for the regu- lar course of study. This means some guidance and regulation con- cerning the amount of time given to preaching and outside activities. Ordinarily Juniors are not encouraged to accept regular preaching assignments. Instead they are assigned for a full year to a variety of projects for the purpose of giving them a broad introduction to the practical work of the church. Middlers and Seniors are allowed to accept regular preaching and pastoral responsibilities in accordance with their opportunities, grades, class, and needs. A sympathetic and elastic attitude is held concerning all the problems of Field Work. Exceptions to the rules and policies, however, must be approved by the Field Work Committee. Students who desire to serve a church full-time on week-ends will be expected to spread their seminary training over four academic years instead of three. Students who are deficient in certain phases of their practical train- ing may be required to take extra work before graduation until their Field Work is of a satisfactory quality. The Schedule Columbia operates on the "Quarter System," which is popular in leading universities and graduate schools throughout the country. Each quarter consists of ten weeks for classes and one week for ex- aminations. Columbia ordinarily gives work only during the fall, winter, and spring quarters. The simple unit of credit, the quarter hour, makes it easy for credits from Columbia to be transferred to other graduate schools. Columbia's work is accepted at full credit by leading graduate schools. Students are enabled to enter at the beginning of any one of the three quarters, though the work can be better correlated if they enter at the beginning of the fall quarter. The unit of credit is the quarter hour and 140 hours are required for graduation. Each student normally takes from 15 to 18 hours' work per quarter. Approximately 15% of the hours for graduation may be in elective courses, so that all students have an opportunity to special- 41 ize in some field of their choice. Middlers and Seniors who have made an average of B may supplement required work by taking added electives up to a total of 20 hours. No student will be per- mitted to carry more than 20 hours' work in a quarter. Most elective courses are offered in units of two or three hours. Electives are so scheduled as to avoid conflicts when practicable, and to offer the widest possible range of choice. Some electives are given only in alternate years and are so indicated; the expression "odd years" means scholastic years beginning in September of odd years, such as the term 1959-60. Other electives are not placed in regular rotation, but are given only by arrangements between stu- dents and professors. Seminar courses are intended primarily for graduate members but may be elected by Middlers and Seniors who have an average of not less than B for the preceding quarter, provided that in the opinion of the professor an undergraduate may take a given seminar with profit. Summer Language School July 8 through August 29, 1959 All entering students who have not had their elementary Greek in college are urged to give serious consideration to attending the summer language school. In this way they will avoid the necessity of beginning to learn two new languages at the same time. They will also find it possible to take more elective work during their seminary course. The Greek language will be taught by Professor Cartledge, and the Hebrew by Professor Gailey during the summer of 1959. The work in both Hebrew and Greek will be of an intensive nature. The classes will meet for two hours a day six days in the week. The study of one language will occupy the full time of the student. The summer classes cover in this intensive way the ground that is normally covered in a full year with classes meeting three hours a week, and the same nine hours of credit is given. The courses are described in the catalogue as New Testament 126, 127 and 128 and as Old Testament 101, 102 and 103. Stu- dents who have not had Greek in college may appropriately take either Greek or Hebrew. The tuition fee for the summer language school will be $65. Rooms and apartments will be available, but no meals will be served in the dining hall. Nearby restaurants are convenient. 42 Students should send in their applications to The Registrar. They should indicate their preference for either Greek or Hebrew, or if they would be willing to take either language for the sake of mak- ing class sections of good size. Classes will be held each day at 8:15 and 11, except that on Monday they will be 9:10 and 11. Graduate Summer School The Graduate Summer School is being discontinued temporarily. It is expected that it will be started again when more housing facil- ities are available on the campus. EXPENSES The Presbyterian Church has always provided generously for the education of its ministerial students and charges made by the semi- naries have never represented even the approximate cost of a theological education. At the present time the policy of all semi- naries in the Presbyterian Church, U. S., is to fix their fees upon the same general level, which has been set in such a way as to place the opportunity for theological training within the grasp of any qualified candidate. At the same time the very reasonable charges made afford the student an opportunity to share with the Church in meet- ing the expense of his theological education. Fees for the school session of 1959-60 have been fixed as follows: Tuition $ 300.00 Room Rent 90.00 Board (Georgia sales tax of 3% to be added) 350.00* Student Activities 5.00 Total $ 745.00 Subject to change in the event of necessity. * The fee for tuition charged all regular students will be due in three installments of $100.00, payable at the beginning of each quarter. Any students who are permitted to enroll for less than a normal number of courses will be charged at the rate of $10.00 per quarter hour. Permission to audit courses is sometimes granted to church members of the Atlanta area, and the fee charged for this privilege will be at the rate of $6.00 per quarter hour. 43 A late registration fee of 50 cents a day will be charged after the registration closes. No student may register later than two weeks after the opening of a quarter unless permitted by do so by special action of the Faculty. In case a student withdraws from school during the first two weeks of any quarter, his tuition fee will be refunded. A fee of $5.00 is to be paid in advance of commencement by each student receiving a diploma from the seminary. A limited number of rooms for married students are available in a section of the dormitory reserved for that purpose. These are designed especially to meet the need of students who have married before deciding to study for the ministry. The seminary cannot commit itself in advance to provide rooms for students who marry during their course of study at the institution. No facilities for housekeeping are available in the dormitory and married couples residing there will be expected to take their meals in the refectory. Board will be provided for the wives of students at the same rate as that for the students themselves. The rental charged married couples for their rooms will be $45.00 per quarter. Each student is expected to care for his own room in the dormitory, but janitor service is provided for all other parts of the building. Students are required to bring their own sheets, bed covers, pillow cases, and towels. The boarding department is efficiently administered by Mrs. J. Holmes Smith as dietitian and hostess, assisted by a competent and faithful group of servants. As the refectory is operated upon a non- profit-making basis, the charge made represents the actual cost to the seminary of providing this service, so far as it is possible to estimate the cost in the light of past experience. An attempt is made to make the meals as wholesome and as well balanced as possible rather than as cheap as possible, and the regular fare will compare favorably with that at any similar institution. Book Store. The seminary operates a book store for the benefit of its students and all required textbooks as well as a wide range of other religious literature can be purchased through it at reduced prices. Incidental Expenses. The student's incidental expenses will naturally be determined in large measure by the temperament and disposition of the individual concerned. A careful student will be able to hold this incidental expense to a surprisingly small amount. Apartments. The seminary owns thirty apartments for occu- pancy by the families of students. Applications for these should be 44 accompanied by a reservation fee of $25.00. The apartments are adequately furnished and their occupants will need to provide for themselves only such items as linens, silver, china, and cooking uten- sils. Under regulations of the seminary, no furniture provided by the institution may be moved out of an apartment but students desiring to add rugs, table lamps, chairs, curtains, draperies or similar pos- sessions of their own to the furnished equipment during the period of their residence here have the privilege of doing so. FINANCIAL AID Loans to Candidates. The General Assembly's Board of Edu- cation, Richmond, Virginia, provides a loan each year for deserving students who are properly recommended by their presbyteries. This loan is to be repaid under conditions prescribed by the General Assembly. The amount of this loan is not to exceed $200.00 per year, but students are to apply for no more of that sum than is actually needed. Application for the loan should be made through the chairman of the Committee of Christian Education in the pres- bytery. The seminary will be glad to furnish information and to render assistance in the matter. The payment of the student's loan is usually made in two install- ments. The first installment is received in November; the second in February. In case of special need loans may also be secured through the seminary. Scholarships. In addition to the loans described above there are a number of scholarships available for students who are unable to meet their expenses without further financial assistance. These scholarships are regarded not as gifts but as an investment made by the Church in the training of its ministry. The amount granted to any student is to be determined in the light of his other resources and of the quality of work which he has done. Scholarships cannot be awarded to those whose grades do not measure up to require- ments. Application for this aid is to be made to the president of the seminary on forms which will be supplied upon request. All scholarships will be payable in regular installments throughout the year according to a schedule which will be set by the business office of the seminary. Under regulations of the institution students receiving scholar- ship aid are ordinarily expected to render a reasonable amount of service to the seminary in return, and student help is used in the library, in the dining room, and on the grounds. The work done 45 is of substantial assistance to the seminary, and the students are enabled to enjoy a feeling of greater independence and self-respect through the fact that they are rendering some service in return for the aid received. A student who marries during the period of his preparation for the ministry will not ordinarily be able to receive scholarship aid thereafter if he increases his expenses by his marriage, nor can scholarship aid ordinarily be granted to ordained ministers who may enroll for special or graduate work. A bequest of the late Rev. Thomas M. Barbee, D.D., of Mexico, Mo., provides a number of generous scholarships which are avail- able for students who agree to serve in rural fields for as much as five years after graduation from the seminary. Under the terms of the will of Dr. Barbee, a legacy of $68,000 was received by the seminary in 1952. This fund is to be kept in- tact for twenty-five years and invested by the seminary. Its income is to be used to assist ministerial students who are willing to work among and in country churches for a period of five years, and to assist pastors who are working in country churches. At the end of the twenty-five-year period, the seminary is authorized to spend any part of the corpus of the estate, as well as the income therefrom, for any evangelical purposes. Self Help. The location of the seminary and the nature of its schedule make it very difficult for its students to earn money by secular work done during the school term. A number of positions in playground and Boys' Club work are available annually through the Decatur Recreation Board and the Atlanta Y.M.C.A., however, and these have been a source of help to many students. After the first year in the seminary, the student may earn a part of his expenses through engagements for summer work or for supply preaching in churches near the institution. Veterans' Benefits. Columbia Theological Seminary is one of the institutions approved by the government as a place of study for veterans receiving educational benefits under Public Laws 16, 346, 550 (Korean War Veterans), and 634. 46 COURSES OF STUDY GENERAL STATEMENT The curriculum materials of Columbia Theological Seminary have been arranged in four major divisions, as follows: (1) Biblical Theology, (2) Historical Theology, (3) Systematic Theology, and (4) Practical Theology. In addition to its simplicity, this arrange- ment reflects the unity of the curriculum and at the same time emphasizes the closer relationship sustained by certain departments of study within a given group. The latter emphasis, as indicated in another section, offers particular advantages for specialization on the part of graduate students. The schedule provides a well-rounded and comprehensive course in preparation for the Gospel ministry, with due emphasis on the various fields of study both practical and theoretical. The ar- rangement now offered is more in keeping with recent trends in education and with practices long prevalent in other (graduate) professional schools than the former plan of offering a large variety of electives for undergraduates. Provision is made for the guidance of all students in the seminary in a survey of the entire Bible which will eventuate in a comprehen- sive examination scheduled at the beginning of the middle year. This arrangement of the curriculum offerings in the Biblical Theol- ogy Group has emerged from three basic convictions: (1) that pre- dominantly the three years of seminary training rest ultimately in the authority of the Scriptures; (2) that concerted effort should be made to emphasize the centrality of the Bible in our total training program; and (3) that every candidate for the Gospel ministry should attain to a summary knowledge of the teachings of the entire Bible before his ordination. The seminary reserves the right to change rules and regulations affecting its student body or the granting of its degrees at any time that this may appear necessary to the Faculty and Board of Direc- tors. Such changes will go into effect whenever the proper authori- ties may determine, and may apply not only to prospective students but also to many who may, at such time, be matriculated in the semi- nary. The seminary further reserves the right to withdraw courses and to make necessary changes in the schedule at any time. 47 GROUP I Biblical Department The Church has always emphasized the importance of the original language of Holy Scripture in theological education. "The Old Testament in Hebrew, and the New Testament in Greek, being immediately inspired by God, the Church is finally to appeal unto them." Therefore, the seminary endeavors to fit the students for the ministry to use intelligently and effectively the original languages in interpreting the Sacred Oracles. A. OLD TESTAMENT LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND EXEGESIS All candidates for the B.D. degree are required to take 19 hours in the Old Testament department of which 16 hours are in specified required courses, 101-105. Although 106 is indicated as required it will be possible for students in their Senior year to elect another exegesis course providing the required hours. 101. Elements of Hebrew. The class begins the study of the language with orthography, followed in due course by etymology and syntax. Required, Junior year, fall quarter, three hours Gailey and Thomson 102. Elements of Hebrew, Continued. Work begun in the fall quarter is continued with progressive additions in detail, and translation from the Hebrew Old Testament is begun. Addi- tional textbooks: The Hebrew Bible and a satisfactory Lexicon. Required, Junior year, winter quarter, three hours Gailey and Thomson 103. Elements of Hebrew, Continued. Reading of selections from the Book of Genesis is continued with empha- sis on the grammatical and syntactical elements of the Hebrew language. Required, Junior year, spring quarter, three hours Gailey and Thomson 104. Old Testament Introduction. The student is introduced to the areas of Old Testament study, and prob- lems illustrating the various areas are discussed. Areas included are geog- raphy, history of neighboring peoples, textual and historical criticism, the establishment of the Old Testament Canon, the interpretation of the Old Testament, and its use in theology and preaching. Required, Senior year, fall quarter, four hours Gailey 48 105. Introduction to Exegesis and Study of Deuteronomy. A study of techniques and principles of exegesis as applied to the Book of Deuteronomy. The introductory questions relating to the Book and to the Pentateuch will be discussed. Required, Middle year, winter quarter, three hours Gailey and Thomson 106. Exegesis of Prophetic and Poetic Writing. Exegesis of selected passages from the Psalms and Prophets. Required, Senior year, spring quarter, three hours Gailey and Thomson 109. Biblical Aramaic. The grammar of the Aramaic language will be presented and portions of the Old Testament in Aramaic will be read together with selections from the Elephantine Papyri. Elective, limited to qualified students, hours to be arranged Gailey and Thompson 110. Manners and Customs of Old Testament Times. A study of manners, customs and conditions of life in Old Testament times as illustrated from recent investigations. Elective, hours to be arranged Gailey 111. An Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the Old Testament. Study of material necessary for the establishing of a critical text of the Old Testament, including the Massoretic text, the critical apparatus of the Kittel Bible, the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Septuagint and other versions. Projects will be undertaken to help students gain facility in textual study. Elective, limited to qualified students, hours to be arranged Gailey 114-120. Exegesis of Selections from the Old Testament. Introduction and reading of selections from various books of the Old Testament will be scheduled from time to time as agreed upon. Elective, hours to be arranged Gailey and Thomson 121. The Minor Prophets. This course aims to provide an introduction to each of the books within this area of Old Testament Literature. The historical background, the literary structure, and the theology of the books are studied. Elective, hours to be arranged Thomson 124. The Ancient Greek Translations of the Old Testament. An introduction to the Old Greek Translation commonly known as the Septuagint together with an introduction to the work of Origen and the other Greek translations of the Old Testament, and a discussion of the canon of the Old Testament. Selected portions will be studied. Elective, limited to qualified students, hours to be arranged Gailey 49 B. NEW TESTAMENT LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND EXEGESIS The courses in this department are designed to give a working knowl- edge of the New Testament and to fit the student for a lifelong study of this priceless book. Every minister who hopes to lead the thoughts of his people must keep abreast of the thought of the age. Students in this department are ex- pected to come to an intelligent understanding of the trends of New Tes- tament interpretation and criticism, conservative and radical, through the lecture, daily assigned reading, and parallel reading. All work in this department is on the basis of the Greek text. Ministe- rial students are strongly urged to take a minimum of two years or three quarters of Greek in college. Students who enter the seminary without this minimum are required to take courses 126, 127, and 128. The courses in this department have been selected so as to give a gen- eral introduction to the study of the New Testament and some practice in detailed exegesis in the various types of literature found therein. The work in this department is closely coordinated with that in the depart- ment of English Bible. Aside from the daily assignments, a certain amount of parallel reading in English or Greek, or both, is required with each course. Term papers are assigned with most courses, so that students may acquire some facility in the technique of investigating rather thoroughly some of the typical problems in the field. 126. Beginners' Greek. A course in New Testament Greek for beginners. Required of all students without sufficient college Greek, Junior year. summer and fall quarter, three hours Cartledge and Anderson 127. Beginners' Greek. A continuation of Course No. 126. Required of all students without sufficient college Greek, Junior year, summer and winter quarter, three hours Cartledge and Anderson 1 28. Greek Grammar and Reading. After the completion of the beginners' Greek book, a study will be made of a grammar of New Testament Greek, and there will be some reading in the Greek Testament with a grammatical emphasis. Required of all students without sufficient college Greek, Junior year, summer and spring quarter, three hours Cartledge and Anderson 129. Advanced Greek Grammar. A study of a grammar of New Testament Greek, to aid students in gram- matical interpretation of the Greek New Testament. Elective, fall quarter, odd years, two hours Cartledge 50 130. Romans. A study of this major Pauline epistle in the light of the principles of grammatico-historical interpretation. After a detailed introduction to the epistle, a careful exegesis will be made of the Greek text. Some work will be done in the fields of the life and theology of Paul, especially as they touch this epistle. Elective, fall quarter, three hours Cartledge 131. New Testament Introduction. The student is introduced to the principles of grammatico-historical in- terpretation and is given a survey of the materials available for using those principles in the interpretation of the New Testament. General in- troduction will include a study of the language of the New Testament, the religious background of the first century, textual criticism, and the canon. Special introduction will include a study of each book of the New Testa- ment, reconstructing its background and giving an outline of its contents. Required, Middle year, fall quarter, five hours Cartledge 132. Revelation. An intensive study of the one prophetical book of the New Testament. Some comparison will be made with the Old Testament and the extra- canonical apocalypses. The regular subjects of special introduction, in- cluding the Johannine problem, will be studied. Students will be expected to acquaint themselves with as many different methods of interpretation of this book as possible. Required, Middle year, spring quarter, four hours Cartledge 133. The Gospels. After an introduction to the Gospels there will be reading of selected portions of the Greek text of the four Gospels. Along with the reading there will be a consideration of the life of Christ and of typical problems in the field of historical and textual criticism. Required, Senior year, winter quarter, five hours Cartledge 135. The Letter to the Philippians. Introduction and detailed interpretation of the Greek text with the pri- mary purpose of understanding the theology of Paul as revealed in this letter. Elective, winter quarter, two hours Guthrie 137. The Letter to the Galatians. A course dealing with introductory questions, historical background, and detailed exegesis of the Greek text. Special attention is given to the problem of understanding and communicating in contemporary terms the Pauline doctrine of justification through faith and the relation of Law and Gospel. Elective, fall quarter, two hours Guthrie 51 139. The Pastoral Epistles. Introduction to an exegesis of First and Second Timothy and Titus. The work of the pastor and of church officers. Elective, spring quarter, odd years, two hours Cartledge 143. Advanced Textual Criticism. Some practice in handling manuscripts, collating and evaluating their texts, and a study of some of the more detailed theories in the field. Elective, fall quarter, even years, two hours Cartledge 145. The Catholic Epistles. Introduction to an exegesis of selected ones of the General Letters of the New Testament. Elective, spring quarter, even years, two hours Cartledge 146. Modern Literature. Qualified students are allowed to take this reading course to familiarize themselves with some of the books and technical journals in the New Testament and general Biblical field written in recent years. Instead of meeting class, the student will hand in written critiques of each book. The course may be taken any quarter for any unit of credit up to a maximum of five hours. Elective, any quarter Cartledge 1 47. Rapid Reading of the Greek New Testament. Qualified students may read the complete Greek New Testament for a credit of five hours. Such rapid reading is of great value in building a vocabulary and becoming familiar with the atmosphere and idioms of New Testament Greek. Elective, any quarter Cartledge 148. New Testament Research. Qualified students will be allowed to work on various problems in the New Testament field under the supervision of the professor, submitting their findings in the form of term papers. Credit given will depend upon the amount of work done, up to a maximum of five hours. Elective, any quarter Cartledge 149. The Letter to the Colossians. A study of introductory problems, historical setting, and theology in the light of a detailed exegesis of the Greek text. Special attention is given to the problem of the relationship between Pauline Christology and Gnosticism. Elective, spring quarter, two hours Guthrie 52 C. ENGLISH BIBLE, INTERPRETATION OF THE SCRIPTURE IN THE VERNACULAR In recognition of the important place which the English Bible should occupy in the minister's study, in his thinking, and in his preaching, Columbia Seminary includes as a part of its required work two basic courses in this field. A number of elective courses are also arranged. The courses in the five divisions of the Biblical Group have been care- fully planned to have a minimum of overlapping and at the same time to make the offerings in the field as broad as possible. The apparent over- lapping at certain points is largely overcome by the methods of approach which the several professors employ to guide their students in the study of the Bible. The Old and New Testament departments lay especial em- phasis upon the exegetical study, while the English Bible department uses the expository method. Our primary concern is not to offer the student a wealth of homiletic material but rather to assist him in the development of an effective method of Bible study and to secure for him a broad concept of the teachings which inhere in the books studied. As a means of increasing his familiarity with Scripture and of encour- aging proper devotional habits, each student is required to read the entire Bible at least once during his first two years after matriculation. Reports concerning fulfillment of his requirement will be made at the beginning of the Senior year. A statement concerning the completion of this read- ing will be asked of each student in connection with his report on Field Work at the end of the summer vacation. 1 50. Rapid Survey of Bible Content. This course is designed to present a general survey of historical, geo- graphical, biographical, and doctrinal content of the Scriptures, which would be helpful to the student who is not acquainted with the written content of the Bible. Elective, offered annually, two hours GUTZKE 151. Survey of Old Testament. A study of the content of the Old Testament to become acquainted with the factual material, as having been written to serve as a background and an introduction for the Life of Christ and the Kingdom of God. Required, Junior year, fall quarter, four hours Gutzke 151a. Salvation and Kingdom in the Old Testament. The Pentateuch will be studied as an authoritative revelation of the plan of salvation in which sinners are saved by the grace and the power of God according to the promise given to Abraham. The kingdom era in Israel's history will be studied as an authoritative revelation of the structure of the Kingdom which God promised to establish in His covenant with David. Required, Junior year, fall quarter, four hours Gutzke Note: Juniors who have not taken Old Testament survey courses in college will be required to take 151. Those who have taken Old Testament survey courses will be required to take 151a. 53 152. Survey of New Testament. A study of the content of the New Testament, with emphasis upon the life of Christ, the founding of the New Testament Church, and the principles and practices of Christian living. Required, Junior year, spring quarter, four hours GUTZKE 152a. The Kingdom of God and the Holy Spirit in the New Testament. The Gospels will be studied as the authoritative revelation of the nature of the Kingdom of God in the Life, Teaching, Death and Resurrection of our Lord Jesus Christ. The Acts of the Apostles and the Epistles will be studied as the authoritative revelation of the Person, Work and Power of the Holy Spirit as He lives and works in the believer according to the will of God in the New Covenant. Required, Junior year, spring quarter, four hours Gutzke Note: Juniors who have not taken New Testament survey courses in college will be required to take 152. Those who have taken New Testament survey courses in college will be required to take 152a. 153. The Church Epistles of Paul. A study of the Pauline epistles, Romans through II Thessalonians to in- tegrate the interpretation of the Christian life under the New Covenant in the power of the Holy Spirit. Required, Senior year, fall quarter, four hours Gutzke 154. The Major Prophets. Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Daniel will be studied to note the func- tions of the prophet in the life of God's people, and the content of their message as a revelation of the will of God. Elective, schedule to be arranged Gutzke 1 55. The Minor Prophets. The last twelve books in the Old Testament canon will be studied by expository method, noting especially the message of the prophets as a revelation of the will of God. Elective, schedule to be arranged Gutzke 1 56. The Poetic Literature. Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and the Song of Solomon will be studied with special attention given to the function of worship in the godly life. Elective, schedule to be arranged Gutzke 54 157. The Gospels. Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John will be studied to gain a comprehensive understanding of the significance of the coming and the work of Christ, in the context of the Scriptures as a whole, and in relation to salvation. Elective, schedule to be arranged GUTZKE 158. The Acts. The Acts of the Apostles will be studied to note the program of the First Century Church. The motives, message, and methods of the early Church from the missionary and evangelistic viewpoint will be considered. (This course serves as an excellent introduction to Evangelism 470.) Elective, schedule to be arranged GUTZKE 159. Jeremiah. A study in the life and times of one of the great prophets of Israel with an evaluation of his message for the world of today. Elective, two hours, schedule to be arranged Richards 160. Bible Synthesis. A study of selected books in both Old and New Testament to grasp the message of each book as a whole. Written reports and outlines based on library research and student initiative are the major part of the require- ments in the course. Class meetings will be arranged to suit programs of the students who wish to take this course. Elective, seminar, hours to be arranged GUTZKE 161. The Social Message of the Old Testament. An examination of the social insight revealed in the Old Testament writ- ings with a view to discovering its bearing upon the ethical and moral problems arising in Israel's history, as a demonstration of the permanent significance for mankind of the principles revealed in this portion of Scripture. Elective, schedule to be arranged GUTZKE 162. The Pastoral Epistles. An intensive study of New Testament Epistles, I Timothy through Hebrews. Elective, schedule to be arranged Gutzke 163. The General Epistles. An intensive study of New Testament Epistles, James through Revelation. Elective, schedule to be arranged Gutzke 55 DORMITORY EXISTING AlRVJtW OF. Columbia- ThoiJoaiCAL^5EMiNAkY EXISTING LIBRARY Geological Seminary futu& Academic bus 168. Methods of Bible Study. A presentation of various procedures in studying the Scriptures, with demonstration of the several techniques in the study of selected portions of Scripture. Elective, schedule to be arranged GUTZKE AND THOMPSON 169. Contemporary Views of the Bible. A study of contemporary schools of thought holding different estimates of the significance of the written Scriptures, as set forth by representa- tive writers, with analysis of basic premises, appraisal of validity, and comparison of each with the view set forth in the Westminster Con- fession. Seminar, hours to be arranged GUTZKE 170. Research In Bible Doctrine. A course of directed survey of standard works on Bible Doctrine, de- signed to serve the needs of graduate students pursuing major studies in this department. The program of study will be developed to suit the par- ticular needs of the individual student. Seminar, hours to be arranged GUTZKE 171. Research In Biblical Theology. A course of directed study of standard works of interpretation of Biblical themes. Designed to serve the needs of graduate students pursuing major studies in this department. The distinctive emphasis in this course will be upon theological interpretation of selected Biblical material in the area of the student's graduate work. Seminar, hours to be arranged Gutzke 172G. Exposition of Romans. An intensive study of the epistle to the Romans with collateral reading in historic interpretations. Designed for Graduate Sudents. Elective, two hours Gutzke 173G. Exposition of Ephesians. Course plan is similar to 172G. Elective, two hours Gutzke D. THEOLOGY OF THE BIBLE 175. Introduction to Old Testament Theology. This course aims to provide a theological background preparatory to ex- pository work on the Hebrew text of the Old Testament. Such themes as the Old Testament view of revelation, of God and Man. are con- sidered; and also word studies in such subjects as sin in the Old Testa- ment. Elective, hours to be arranged Thomson 58 180. The Social Teachings of the New Testament. Attention is given first to the hermeneutical problem of discovering the legitimate approach to the New Testament in order to learn what it has to say to us about our ethical problems in general. This approach is then followed to seek the guidance of the New Testament on such con- temporary problems as the relation between Church and State, marriage and divorce, and race. Elective, fall quarter, three hours Guthrie 181. The Christology of the New Testament. A study of the various titles applied to Jesus in the New Testament to explain who he is and what he does. The Old Testament, Hellenistic, and Judaistic uses of these titles are also considered in so far as they throw light on the use made of them by the different New Testament sources. Elective, spring quarter, three hours Guthrie GROUP II Historical Department Church History and Historical Theology Professors Robinson, Fuhrmann, Lawson and Littell The Church is the people of God gathered around the Messiah. She is the worshipping and witnessing community living under the Reign of Grace and looking for the Reign of Glory. As she was founded, so has she been carried onward by the mighty acts of God in Christ Jesus. The Church appears in various forms under different conditions among sundry peoples and in changing epochs. The history of the Church treats of her missionary work, her doctrines and her wor- ship, her organization and her vindication. In addition to the ac- count of these several phases in the general course, institutions receive special attention in the course on Presbyterian history and polity, defense against opposing views in Apologetics, and Christian missions in courses in that department. Where possible, the courses are listed under the three periods of Church History. Other courses appear under historical surveys of particular themes. Early Church 210. Early Church History. The New Testament basis of the Christian Church is found in the coming, the ministry, the death, the resurrection and the ascension of Christ, in the Great Commission, and the Pentecostal outpouring of the Holy Spirit. Thereafter, the Church is seen in its initial growth in the ancient Roman Empire. Histories by Lietzmann, Lebreton, and Kidd are consulted and Schaff is used as text. Required, Junior year, spring quarter, four hours Robinson 59 211. History of Christian Doctrine in the Early Church. The foundation of Christian doctrine in the New Testament and its unfolding in the early church. Textbook: Seeberg, History of Doctrines, I. Elective, two hours Robinson 212. Church Archaeology. The Roman Catacombs. Ancient Christian inscriptions, symbols and their homiletic values. The ancient basilicas. Romanic and Gothic church architectures. Archaeology as objective reconstruction of the Christian life in a given epoch. Elective, two hours FUHRMANN 213. The Apostolic Fathers. A study of the life, the thought, and the polity of the Church in this early formative period, based upon the writings of the Apostolic Fathers. Particular attention is given to the crucial issue as to whether the Church, in developing into the Church of Catholic tradition, re- mained true to the religion of the New Testament. Text books: text of the Apostolic Fathers, preferably Lightfoot's 1 -volume Apostolic Fathers: Torrance on Grace in the Apostolic Fathers, Vokes on Didache, Meecham on Diognetus, etc. Elective, two hours Lawson 214. Irenaeus. A more detailed study of this ancient Father of the Church, in whom the later Catholic dogmatic tradition first clearly comes to light. At- tention is given to the issue as to whether the religion of S. Irenaeus is a true development from the religion of the New Testament. Text book: The Biblical Theology of S. Irenaeus, Lawson. Elective, Winter Quarter, 1958-59, two hours Lawson 215. The Ecumenical Councils. Each student makes a special study of a council; final conclusions by the class and the professors. Hefele and the Sources will be used. Elective, two hours Robinson or Fuhrmann Mediaeval Church 220. Mediaeval Church History. During the dark ages between the fall of Rome and the emergence of the nations of Europe, the Church carried the torch of religion and education. The fathers and the doctors formulated the heritage of the faith. The Germanic peoples were won to the Christian allegiance. Tensions between East and West led to schisms and separation. World- liness evoked monasticism, education flowered into scholasticism, reform freed the Church from feudal control and brought in the papal auto- cracy. The great mediaeval synthesis collapsed and the way was pre- pared for the Reformation. Text: Schaff. Required, Middle year, fall quarter, four hours Robinson 60 221. History of Christian Doctrine in the Mediaeval Church. The further development of church doctrine in the Middle Ages lead- ing to scholasticism as well as mystical presentations. Seeberg, History of Doctrines, II. Elective, two hours Robinson or Fuhrmann 222. The Roman Catholic Church. The purpose of the course is to show how the religion and the Institu- tions of the Romans passed into the Roman Church and were therein preserved to this day. Elective, two hours Fuhrmann 223. Mediaeval Mysticism. A survey of Mediaeval Spirituality which sought perfection in medi- tation, contemplation and union with God. The School of St. Victor and its Biblicism will receive due attention. Elective, two hours Fuhrmann 224. Mediaeval Scholasticism. A survey of the teachings of Mediaeval Schools, with particular at- tention paid to the sounder scholastics with whom Calvin had no quarrel and in whom Leibnitz found much gold. Elective, Winter quarter, two hours Fuhrmann 225. Saint Anselm. A study of the life, method, most important works and permanent con- tribution of Anselm of Canterbury. Elective, two hours Fuhrmann 226. Mediaeval Proofs of Gods Being. A study of the origins and validity of the various ways in which Mediaeval teachers pointed to an Absolute Being, Perfect Good and First Cause of every thing that exists. Elective, two hours Fuhrmann 227. History of the Waldenses. The emphasis will be literary: The religious message of certain troubadors and the poems of the Mediaeval Waldensians will be analyzed by the teacher, and their preachable values gathered by the class. Elective, two hours Fuhrmann 61 Modern Church History 230. Modern Church History. Luther grasped the hand of God graciously extended to him in Jesus Christ and the Reformation began. The German and the Swiss Reforma- tions are studied in detail. The life and thought of the Church as it developed during recent centuries first in Europe and then in America is surveyed. Texts by Schaff and by Nichols. Required, Middle year, winter quarter, four hours Robinson 23 1 . History of Christian Thought in the Reformation and Modern Church. Textbook: A History of Christian Thought, Vol. II, by Neve. Elective, two hours Robinson 232. Readings in the History of the Reformation. Textbook: History of the Reformation, Merle D'Aubigny. Elective, two hours Robinson 233. Seminar in the Reformation. Elective, two hours LlTTELL 234. The Left-wing of the Reformation. Elective, seminar, Spring quarter, 1958-59, two hours LlTTELL 235. History of English Theology Since the Reformation. Elective, Fall quarter, 1958-59, two hours Lawson 236. Scottish Theology in Relation to Church History. The lectures of Principal John Macleod of Edinburgh on this theme and the earlier lectures by Dr. James Walker on Scottish Theology and Theologians guide the study which is amplified by seminar reports on the works of "Scots' Worthies." Elective, two or three hours Robinson 237. History of Theology in America. Elective, seminar, two hours LlTTELL 238. History of Religion in America. With the help of such studies in American Civilization as those by Wertenbaker, in New England through by Perry Miller, and in the Churches by W. W. Sweet, an elective is offered in the life and thought of the American Churches. Text: W. W. Sweet, The Story of Religion in America. Elective, two hours Robinson 62 239. Southern Presbyterian Worthies and Their Works. Following the lines marked out in Dr. J. M. Wells' Sprunt Lectures, this course provides for the study of the life and writings of selected leaders of our Church such as Dabney, Girardeau, Thornwell, Palmer, Baker, Woodrow, Peck, S. Robinson, W. W. Moore, R. C. Reed. Seminar, hours to be arranged Robinson Historical Survey of Special Themes 240. Presbyterianism. The nature and ecumenicity of the primitive Church are treated in lec- tures on Understanding the Church. The Presbyterianism of the Refor- mation and Modern History is dealt with by the use of McNeill's The History and Character of Calvinism. The Presbyterianism of our Church is studied in our Book of Church Order. Term papers are presented on one of the means of grace. Required, senior year, fall quarter, four hours. Robinson 241. Presbyterian Polity. A further study in the Book of Church Order and proposed revisions in greater detail. Elective, two hours Robinson 242. Philosophy of History. A study of the concepts of history held at different epochs of mankind following the lines of classic scholarship. Elective, two hours FUHRMANN 243. Church and State. An investigation of the relationships between Church and State in early Christianity, the Middle Ages and Early Protestantism. Elective, two hours FUHRMANN 244. History of the Doctrine of the Atonement. A course in which each student reports the doctrine of the atonement taught by a representative of each of the four Great Christian syntheses, the Greek, the Latin, the Protestant, and the Modernist. Seminar Robinson 245. History of the Doctrine of the Holy Spirit. The subject is traced through the Bible and the history of the Christian Church. Elective, three hours Robinson 63 246. History of the Doctrine of Justification. The history of the cardinal article of Protestantism is studied with the help of Schrenk in TWNT, the Reformers. E. Boehl. J. Buchanan. G. C. Berkouwer. and otherss in class recitation and seminar reports. Elective, three hours Robinson 247. Christological Eschatology . As Christ is our ground of forgiveness so He is our hope of glory. In Him. in His coming to earth and in His reign at God's right hand, all our hopes gather. Using the professor's Sprunt Lectures as a guide, the class follows the Christological approach in studying eschatology. Elective, Winter Quarter, 1958-59, two hours Robinson 248. Historical and Theological Studies by War field. The writings of the great Princetonian are used for seminar studies and theses on such subjects as: Augustine. Calvin, the Meaning of the Ref- ormation, the Westminster Confession. Revelation, the History of the Doctrine of the Trinity, Christology, Perfectionism. Elective, two hours Robinson GROUP Ml Systematic Theology A. DOGMATIC AND BIBLICAL THEOLOGY 300a. Background Studies. A rapid survey of early Greek philosophy as a means of introducing students to the intellectual and religious environment into which the Christian faith was born and in which Christian theology in Western Civilization has developed. Required of Juniors who have not studied Philosophy, fall quarter, three hours Gear and Guthrie 300b. Further Background Studies. The aim of this course is to give the students a working knowledge of Mediaeval Philosophy and Theology. Required of Juniors who have not studied Philosophy, winter quarter, three hours Gear and Fuhrmann 300. A Survey of Theological Thought. A survev of Christian thought prior to the Reformation as set forth in the writings of some of the leading thinkers such as Augustine. Anselm. and Aquinas. Required, Junior year, winter quarter, three hours Gear 64 301. Theology of the Reformation. This course is designed to give students first-hand acquaintance with the theological writings of the leaders of the Reformation such as Luther, Melanchthon, and Calvin. Required, Junior year, spring quarter, three hours Gear 302-304. Systematic Theology. A study of the main points of Reformed Theology as contained in Cal- vin's Institutes of the Christian Religion, standard outlines of Reformed Theology, the Westminster Standards and other Reformed statements. This study will be divided as follows: 302. Theology Proper and Anthropology. The Reformed doctrine of God, His relation to man and the world; the doctrine of Man, his relation to God, the world and mankind. Required, Middle year, fall quarter, three hours Gear 303. Christology and Soteriology. The Reformed doctrine of the Person and Work of Christ, the Holy Spirit, and the application of the Work of Redemption. Required, Middle year, winter quarter, three hours Gear 304. Ecclesiology and Eschatology. The Reformed doctrine of the Church, the Sacraments, and of "last things." Required, Middle year, spring quarter, three hours Gear 305. Current Theological Thought. A study of the main trends in contemporary theological thought and an examination of current problems in the light of basic evangelical prin- ciples. Required, Senior year, fall quarter, three hours Gear and Guthrie 306. The Christian Ethic. An investigation of the Biblical-theological presuppositions of the Christian ethic and study of the Christian answer to the problems of knowing and doing the Good. Attention will also be given to the con- trast between the Christian and various non-Christian answers to these problems. Required, senior year, winter quarter, three hours Gear and Guthrie 307. Roman Catholic Theology. An examination of distinctive doctrines of the Roman Catholic Church in the light of Scripture and Reformed thought. Elective, fall quarter, two hours Gear 65 308. Contemporary Cults. A study of the various cults which have sprung up on the fringe of Chris- tianity such as Mormonism, Christian Science, and Jehovah's Witnesses or Russellism. This course has both a theoretical and practical purpose so as to help the pastor effectively to deal with them. Elective, winter quarter, two hours Gear 309. Theology in Literature. This course consists of a study of some of the literary classics which have definite and positive theological value. Elective, spring quarter, two hours Gear 313. The Christian Doctrine of the Church. This course will deal with the origin, nature, and mission of the Church; the various theories of the Church and its relation to the State; and the place of the Church in contemporary society. Elective, two hours, schedule to be arranged Gear 314. The Christian Doctrine of Grace. Some time will be given to tracing the rudiments of the doctrine of Grace in the Old Testament, in which are implicit the fuller and richer teach- ings of the New Testament. A study will be made of the meaning of and emphasis upon Grace in the New Testament, the value of the doctrine in theological thought and in the Christian life, and its importance in modern preaching. Elective, hours and schedule to be arranged Gear 315. The Christian Doctrine of the Holy Spirit. This course is designed to acquaint the student with the teaching of the Bible concerning the Holy Spirit. His place in Christian experience and in the Christian Church will be given special attention. Elective, hours and schedule to be arranged Gear 3 1 6. Seminar in Theology. This course enables students to do independent and thorough work on a theological subject of special interest to them. Papers will be read and discussed. Elective, two hours, schedule to be arranged Gear 66 310. Theological Sources of Calvin. Students will be introducted to the Dynamism of Luther and to the original materials which Calvin used in building his Institutes such as elements from the Roman Law, from the Church Fathers, from Peter Lombard and others. The course will consider also the theology of Zwingli with special attention paid to his ontology, Farel's resurrection of Israel's Prophetism, the nature of Pre-calvinian French Protestant Theology. Elective, two hours FUHRMANN 311. The Theology of Calvin s Institute of 1536. The earlier statements of Calvin will be explained in the light of their circumstances and understood in terms of his purpose. Elective, two hours FUHRMANN 312. The Theology of the Great Creeds. The vital statements of the Apostolic, Nicene, Quicumque, Augsburg and La Rochelle Creeds will be studied with special reference to the strug- gles of the Church. Elective, two hours FUHRMANN AND GEAR 318. The Theology of St. Bonaventure. The thought of St. Bonaventure will be considered in the light of Joachim's Biblical expositions and St. Francis' charity. Elective, two hours FUHRMANN 319. The Theology of Pascal and his Protestant Successors. An intensive study of the principles of Jansen, of Pascal's understand- ing of man and supernatural order of charity wherein man is trans- formed, also a study of A. Vinet and C. Malan especially, of the fact of conscience as God's action upon our subconscious, of the elimina- tion of conflict by the acceptance of Christ and of achieving humanness through Christianity. Elective, two hours FUHRMANN 320. Seminar on the Theology of Karl Barth. An informal small group meets to discuss readings primarily from the Church Dogmatics. Papers will be prepared and discussions led by participants. Admission by invitation. Preference given to seniors. Elective, two hours Guthrie 321. The Theology of Jesus' Parables. An analysis of each parable of Jesus on the basis of Calvin's Exposi- tions, application to the present situation and final sum of the Thought of the Parables as a whole. Elective, two hours FUHRMANN 67 322. The Theology of Dante. A study of Dante's works, particularly of his Hell. Purgatory and Para- dise as mediaeval synthesis, opening of modern times and source of preachable facts and ideas. Elective, two hours FUHRMANN B. APOLOGETICS 351. A pologetics. In apologetics, the Christian begins intellectually where God has gra- ciously placed him, that is, in Christ Jesus. From the point where the light is brightest, he engages in a believing reflection upon and a humble witness to the truth of the Christian faith. He speaks from faith to faith of the bodily resurrection of Christ, of His Deity, of the living God, of the Christian picture of man, and of the written Word in the light of the Incarnate Word. Required, Middle year, spring quarter, four hours Robinson GROUP IV Pastoral Department A. CHRISTIAN EDUCATION The great commission directs the Church to the task of teaching the Gospel to all nations. Responsibility for the performance of this work belongs to the whole Church, but the minister has a nat- ural leadership in the whole program of Christian Education in the winning and culturing of Christians. Two basic courses in this department are required of all students: No. 400 which is an introduction to the philosophy of Christian Edu- cation and No. 401 which is an introduction to the program of the whole Church, designed to acquaint the seminary graduate with the work now being carried on. Elective courses are offered to further lead students into a wider understanding of the problems encountered in Christian Education. 400. Theory and Technique in Christian Education. This course is designed to give the student a grasp of the principles and procedures involved in the program of inducing faith in God, in Christ, and in culturing Christians. The function of the Holy Spirit and the sig- nificance of the Scriptures as the Word of God are noted and integrated with recognized pedagogical principles in presenting a technique for the Christian worker. This course is basic for a systematic approach to all problems in the field of Christian Education. Required, Senior year, winter quarter, two hours GUTZKE 68 401 . The Church's Program of Christian Education. This course is designed to orient the student in the total program of Christian Education as planned and carried out by the Presbyterian Church, U. S. Stress will be upon methods, materials and organization but a sound basic philosophy will be included. Topics to be considered include administration and leadership, children's work, youth work, adult and family education, and curriculum. Required, Senior year, spring quarter, four hours Ramsey 402. Realization of the Spiritual Life. An intensive study of the principles involved in achieving spiritual growth and maturity in the individual Christian. Research in New Testament material, Christian biography, and devotional thought. Elective, winter quarter, two hours GUTZKE 403. Psychology of Leadership. A study of the function of the personality of the pastor, evangelist, teacher, parent, counselor, friend, etc., in the educational process. The mechanisms employed in pastoral work, evangelism, teaching, counseling, personal work, and church visitation will be described and studied in cor- relation with the doctrine of the Holy Spirit and the contribution of the Social Sciences. This course is designed to give a comprehensive grasp of the significance of procedure in promoting Christian Education. Elective, hours to be arranged Gutzke 404. Trends in Christian Education. A survey course studying the development of this phase of church work and various points of view sponsored in the church at large as reflected in recently published books. The influence of the social sciences and pedagogical theory upon current procedures presented in contemporary Christian Education literature will be observed. This course is designed to enable the student to interpret the significance of the recent develop- ment of Christian Education in the history of the Church and to orient himself in that field of service as it is today. Elective, hours to be arranged Gutzke 405. Sociological Aspects in Christian Education. A survey of the field of social relations to recognize contemporary social situations as problems of Christian Education. A review of the New Tes- tament to note principles utilized in dealing with social problems. As- signed reading in contemporary literature to discover prevalent schools of thought as these analyze and interpret social conditions today. Seminar discussions to gain further insight into the implications of the Church as an institution in the social order, the Christian in society, and the Gospel in the world. Seminar, hours to be arranged Gutzke 69 406. Readings in Christian Education. This course is designed for students who wish to study source material which has contributed to the concepts now current in this field. Bibliog- raphy and procedure will be chosen in line with any special interest of the student. A maximum of five hours' credit may be allowed. Course 400 is prerequisite for this course. Seminar, hours to be arranged GUTZKE AND RICHARDS 407. The Education of Adolescents. This course begins with consideration of the psychology of adolescents to note the typical characteristics of persons in this stage of development, with special attention to the phenomenon of conversion. The latter part of the course deals with the normal problems arising in the religious experience of a Christian adolescent. Elective, two hours Gutzke 415G. Contemporary Thought in Christian Education. A survey of contemporary literature in the field of Christian Education to note the several schools of interpretation, and to examine their basic philosophical ideas. Designed for Graduate Students. Elective, seminar, schedule to be arranged Gutzke B. PASTORAL CARE 426. Presbyterian Principles and Procedures. This course is intended to acquaint the student with guiding principles for his ministry and to prepare him for the field work which he will do as a student. Appropriate reading in the field of pastoral theology will be supplemented by the assignment of observational work. The method followed will be that of informal classroom discussion with the writing of appropriate term papers. Required, Junior year, fall and winter quarters, two hours Richards 428. Church Administration. In dealing with the many tasks of the ministry no guidance can be so fresh and effective as that of the men actively engaged in the work of the various agencies of the General Assembly and of the pastorate. This course is especially designed to improve the student's understanding of the organization of the General Assembly and to prepare him for a more effective ministry by drawing on the wealth of leadership in the various agencies of the Church and from the pulpits of Greater Atlanta. A num- ber of outstanding leaders of the Church are asked to lecture to the class 70 upon some phase of the program of the General Assembly in its relation to the local church, or on some particular phase of pastoral responsi- bilities. An appropriate amount of parallel reading is assigned. Elective, spring quarter, odd years, three hours g McDill 429. The Literature of Pastoral Theology. This course is designed especially for graduate students but may be given to qualified members of the Senior class. There will be no regular class work but a large amount of reading will be assigned. Students will be expected to prepare written reviews of the books read and to write an appropriate term paper. The course may be taken in any quarter and for any unit of credit up to a maximum of five hours. McDill 430. Personality and Pastoral Care. The lectures and discussions of this course are devoted to a consideration of personality. This study is designed to give the pastor a comprehension of the psychodynamics of personality from both a psychological and theo- logical understanding in order to equip him for a more effective ministry. The student will be expected to read extensively in the field of psychology and to demonstrate ability to interpret this material theologically. Required, Junior year, fall quarter, three hours McDill 43 1 . Counseling and Pastoral Care. This course is designed to aid the student in developing an effective counseling ministry. Small seminars and preclinical work will be used to supplement class lectures. Pastoral counseling will be examined in the setting of the total ministry which is considered as one role, ad- ministrative responsibilities being specifically related to other pastoral operations. Required, Middle year, winter quarter, five hours McDill 432. Spiritual Resources in Pastoral Care. In the care of souls, the pastor utilizes primary resources of tremendous significance such as prayer, the Bible, the sacraments, literature, and theology. This course, by means of lectures and class discussions, will consider these dynamic resources and their integration in the pastoral functions. Elective, winter quarter, three hours, odd years McDill 433. Personality Development. Current studies of personality development will be examined from the point of view of Biblical teachings on the subject of growth. The pur- poses of the study will be to aid the student in developing more adequate procedures for pastoral care and the communication of the Gospel to all age groups in the local church. Elective, winter quarter, odd years McDill 71 434. Public Worship. Beginning with Biblical teachings regarding worship, the student will be introduced to the various forms of liturgy in several prominent denomina- tions. This will be followed by a study of worship in the reformed tradi- tion and the theological and dynamic concepts involved. The aim of the course will be to enable the pastor to serve more adequately as a leader of Christian worship. This will include demonstrations and practices in the conduct of worship, special services, and the sacraments. Elective, spring quarter, three hours, odd years McDill 436. The Bible and Pastoral Care. The purpose of this instruction is to enable the pastor to make more effective use of the Bible in his pastoral work. The procedure will be to study Bible personalities with emphasis on the relationship of this ma- terial to the personality needs of the people in the average congregation. In addition, some time will be given to the specific teachings of the Bible on spiritual guidance and pastoral care. Elective, winter quarter, even years McDill 437. Pastoral Care of Delinquent Children and Adolescents. Current literature on the development of children and adolescents will be examined with the intent of gaining an understanding of the social and indicidual factors contributing to personality maladjustment. Special attention will be given to the theological question of sickness or sin involved in case studies. The design of this instruction is to aid the pastor in the prevention of delinquent problems and to equip him to work more effectively in his pastoral ministry when such problems exists. Elective, hour to be arranged Gerkin 438. History of the Cure of Souls. Throughout the history of the Christian Church, pastors have had the responsibility for the cure of souls through spiritual guidance, coun- selling, and discipline. This course is planned to promote a greater under- standing of the means of pastoral care employed in the past. The intent of the course is to correlate the work of the modern pastor with the historical continuum and also to develop the pastor's ability to meet the needs of his people by a knowledge of the work of the outstanding pastors of the centuries. Elective, spring quarter, odd years McDill 439. Pastoral Care and Moral Behavior. The basic principle of this course involves the spiritual growth of the individual Christian. The pastoral counselor is constantly confronted with the question of the direction his people shall take in countless matters of a moral nature. In order that the student may develop methods of moral guidance based n Christian teachings, this course is offered. Elective, spring quarter, even years McDill 72 440. Psychology and Theology. Modern psychology has dealt with many of the concepts relating to per- sonality that are an integral part of Christian theology. This course is for the purpose of making a critical study of psychological theory and prac- tice from the standpoint of Calvinistic theology. Elective, spring quarter, three hours, even years McDill and Gear 44 1 . Research in Pastoral Care. This study will involve a large amount of reading in the field of pastoral care. Designed for graduate students in this field, research projects will be devised to meet individual needs. Elective, fall quarter, odd years, three hours McDill 442. Research in Pastoral Counseling. The student will be expected to examine the literature in the field of pas- toral counseling and will spend some time on problems of research in case studies. This course is arranged for graduate students in this department. Seminar, winter quarter, three hours, even years McDill 443. Research in Pastoral Psychology. This is a course of directed study in the sciences of man with special emphasis on psychological theories of personality. The work will be pat- terned to meet the needs of graduate students pursuing major studies in this field. Seminar, spring quarter, three hours, even years McDill 444. Seminar in Pastoral Counseling Methods. Students desiring further supervision in basic counseling methods will have direction and guidance of case studies in this seminar. Seminar, hours to be arranged Gerkin 445. Seminar in Hospital Pastoral Care. In cooperation with the Georgia Baptist Hospital of Atlanta, a pro- gram for training theological students in hospital ministry has been established. This program includes a weekly seminar under the leader- ship of the chaplain, parallel reading, supervised visitation and counsel- ing of patients. A fee is required for students registered for this course of $15.00 per quarter. Prerequisites: approval of the professor of pastoral care, and the hospital chaplain. Elective, any quarter, six hours for three quarters work Chaplain E. A. Verdery, Chaplain Supervisor, the Georgia Baptist Hospital 73 446. Introduction to Clinical Pastoral Training. In cooperation with the Grady Memorial Hospital of Atlanta, students may elect to participate in a seminar at that institution. Grady Memorial Hospital is a general hospital with approximately 1,100 beds which handles the majority of the emergency cases for the metropolitan area of Atlanta and which provides hospitalization on a charity basis for the citizens of this community. Prerequisites: P. T. No. 430, consent of the professor of Pastoral Care and of the Chaplain supervisor of the hospital. Elective, any quarter, two hours Chaplain Charles V. Gerkin, Chaplain Supervisor, the Grady Memorial Hospital. 447. Clinical Pastoral Training. Columbia Theological Seminary is a member of the Council for Clinical Pastoral Training, Inc. A student may participate in the program of clinical training in any of the member institutions which include mental hospitals, general hospitals, and correctional institutions across the country. A limited number of students may be permitted to elect this training locally at the Grady Memorial Hospital, subject to the prere- quisites below. The program includes seminars under the leadership of qualified chaplain supervisors and first-hand experience with people in crisis situations enabling the student to evaluate and improve his ability to function in the role of a pastor. Either one quarter of this seminar, or the equivalent as approved by the professor of pastoral care, is re- quired for graduate students in this field of specialization. This program will require the full time of the student for one quarter. The fees for one quarter of clinical training with the Council are $5.00 for registration and $120.00 for training, or a total of $125.00. Because of the membership of the Seminary in the Council, a reduction of $25.00 is granted to each student enrolled in the program from this Seminary. Although a student may elect to take more than one quarter of clinical training, a maximum of only eight hours is allowed for elective courses in institutional seminars or clinical training. Prerequisites: consent of the professor of pastoral care and of a repre- sentative of the Council for Clinical Pastoral Training. Elective, any quarter, eight hours C. HOMILETICS 450. Preface to Homiletics. This is a course in English composition, grammar, and rhetoric for students who, in the judgment of the Faculty, need further training in basic English in order to do satisfactory seminary work. Elective, spring quarter, three hours Gailey 451. The Preparation of Sermons. The primary purpose of this course is to teach the student how to pre- pare a sermon. Consideration is given to such matters as the nature of preaching, the use of the Scriptures in preaching, the gathering and use of materials, the development of structure and style, and methods of 74 delivery. Lectures are given twice a week, and the third hour is given to small seminar sections for the analysis and criticism of printed and recorded sermons and of the student's own work in sermonizing. Required, Junior year, winter quarter, three hours Huie 452. Advanced Homiletics. This course is designed to assist the student in working out a philosophy of preaching which will serve as the basis for considering such prac- tical matters as the treatment of various types of Biblical materials, the development of his own style of preaching, planning the preaching schedule, problems of communication, and methods of continual self- evaluation. Required, Senior year, fall quarter, two hours Huie 453. Junior Preaching. The class is divided into small sections which meet in the chapel once a week for a quarter. The service is led by the students, after which the sermon and other parts of the service are evaluated by the professor and the class. A recording is made as an aid in enabling the student to improve his effectiveness in the pulpit. Required, Junior year, spring quarter, y% hour Huie and Taylor 454. Middler Preaching. This course follows the general pattern of Junior Preaching except that opportunity is given for each student to conduct at least two services during the quarter. A special effort is made to help the student to de- velop the art of self-evaluation in preaching. Required, Middle year, fall or winter quarters, % hour Hum and Taylor Senior Preaching. Each member of the Senior Class conducts at least one service for the seminary community at a morning or evening service in the chapel. The evaluation session is conducted by a committee of the faculty representing different departments. Though no credit hours are given, this requirement must be fully satisfied for graduation. Required, Senior year, no credit 455. Sermon Workshop. The purpose of this course is to assist the student in preparing outlines and writing sermons. Attention will be given to special problems in- volving structure and style. Recorded and printed sermons of outstand- ing preachers will be studied and criticized. Elective, Winter quarter, two hours Huie 460. Preaching from the Old Testament. A seminar course conducted by a Professor of Old Testament and a Professor of Homiletics to assist the student in preaching from the dif- ferent sections and on the different doctrines of the Old Testament. Elective, Spring quarter, even years, two hours Gailey and Huie 75 461. Preaching from the New Testament. A seminar course conducted by a Professor of New Testament and a Professor of Homiletics to assist the student in preaching from the dif- ferent sections and on the different doctrines of the New Testament. Elective, Spring quarter, odd years, two hours. Guthrie and Huie D. EVANGELISM and MISSIONS This department is designed in all its courses to create a desire in the heart of every student to win souls for Christ. It is also planned with a view to instructing every student in every phase of evangelism so that he will be able to train the lay leadership of his church in this primary work of the Church. All courses are planned on an intensely practical basis, and students are encouraged to participate in the various types of evangelism during their entire seminary training. At the same time an effort is made to stimulate an interest in the outreach of the Church abroad and to prepare studenss for service on foreign mission fields. 470. Principles and Methods of Evangelism. This course begins with a survey of the growth and expansion of the Church in the Book of Acts encompassing the motives, message, and methods of the early church. The various methods and channels of evangelism being used today will be examined particularly mass evangelism. Particular emphasis will be given to the program of evangel- ism in the local church seeking to train every minister to be an evangelist and also to effectively train his people to be evangelistically minded. Required, Middle year, spring quarter, three hours Thompson 47 1 . Evangelistic Preaching. The evangelist, the evangelistic meeting, conduct of revival, and all phases of preparation for and participation in mass evangelism are covered. Analysis of sermons of great evangelists. The lives and techni- ques of great evangelists. Elective, two hours, spring quarter Thompson 473. Introduction and Survey of Christian Missions. The philosophy of Christian Missions, at home and abroad, and a brief historical survey of missions through the centuries. Contemporary mis- sions of the Presbyterian Church U. S. with area studies. Particular attention to the development of an adequate program of missions in the local church. Designed for the pastor and also for those considering world mission service. Some attention to the principles and problems involved in world-wide missions today in the revolutionary world. Prerequisite for all other missions courses. Required, two hours, fall quarter, Middle Year Thompson 76 474. Missionary Principles. A survey of the principles, problems, and procedures of contemporary missionary endeavor in the various Presbyterian U. S. Mission fields. Area studies. The various types and phases of missions: evangelistic, educational, medical and agricultural missions. The indigenous church. Literacy work, radio and audio-visual. Especially designed for mission- aries, appointees, and those considering or seeking appointment. Elective, two hours Thompson 475. Seminar in Missionary Anthropology and Research. An advanced course of directed reading and research in cultural and missionary anthropology. Survey of resources available to the present day missionary. The professor will meet occasionally with the group but largely give personal guidance individually to each student in his field of special interest. For all appointees and those considering or seeking appointment to world missions. Two hours credit Thompson 476. Missions and Non-Christian Religions. Analysis and survey of various non-Christian religions, clans, etc. in the mission fields of the Presbyterian Church U. S. Confucianism, Hindu- ism, Shintoism, Communism, Roman Catholicism, Animism, etc. For all appointees and those considering or seeking appointment. Elective, alternate years, two hours Thompson E. WORK OF THE CHURCH 480. Church and Community. A general introduction to the church in its relationship to its setting the community in which it is located. A study of the types of com- munities, the trends and changes involved in understanding the work of the church. Introductory to the work of the Urban, Industrial and Rural Church. Prescribed for all courses in these fields. Suggested for all those considering mission work at home or abroad. Required, one hour, winter quarter, Junior year Thompson 481. The Work of the Town and Country Church. A survey of the work of the church in town and country as related to the environment in which it functions, the problems confronted, the program necessary, the resources available, and the principles and leader- ship essential for an effective ministry in this area. Required of Barbee Scholarship students. Elective, two hours, Fall quarter Thopmson 77 482. Seminar in Rural Church and Community. This is an advanced course or seminar for students desiring further work in this field. The schedule will be arranaged at hours to suit instructor and class so as to give the major time to various field trips, research, directed reading, practical projects, and papers. Various leaders in Rural and Community Leadership will also be used as consultants and special lecturers. Prerequisite No. 480 and No. 481. Elective, three hours, schedule to be arranged Thompson 483. The Industrial Church. This course consists of a study of the industrial community in the South, noting its growth, its problems, and its needs. The course will take note of certain procedures that are designed to help the pastor to minister in an effective manner the Christian Gospel in the industrial community. Elective, winter quarter, two hours Anderson 484. The Urban Church. This is a general course in which we want the student to become ac- quainted with various kinds of Urban Churches. During the course due consideration will be given to the down-town city church, to a church in the residential section, to those that are in the environment of apartment houses, and churches that have been newly organized by larger churches. This course will deal in a practical way with problems that arise in such churches and with the methods and manner of conducting the worship, practice, and administrative programs of such institutions. Elective, winter quarter, two hours Oglesby F. PUBLIC SPEAKING From a practical viewpoint there are few, if any, aspects of the minister's equipment which are more important than the ability to speak in a pleasing and effective manner. It is vain for him to have the knowledge of libraries in his mind and the gift of a finished literary style in sermon preparation if his congregation cannot hear or understand his message when he stands in the pulpit. Increasing attention is properly being paid to this fact in the theological world of our day. The satisfactory completion of prescribed courses in public speech is one of the requirements for graduation from Co- lumbia Seminary. The Speech Department owns five recording machines and three recording booths. These machines and booths are available to stu- dents for the preparation of speech assignments. Student sermons in Homiletics classes and the required student sermons before the Faculty are recorded and students are required to study these record- ings. In addition, the department has a library of recordings of sermons by some of the finest speakers in contemporary American pulpits. 78 Basic courses in speech are conducted with one hour of lecture and one hour of laboratory work in a small speech section each week. This enables each student to receive practice in speaking before a group each week and to receive the helpful criticism of the professor and the students. In addition, private conferences on speech problems and progress are scheduled for each student throughout the quarter and the professor is frequently available for informal assistance to students practicing in the recording booths. 490. Training of the Speaking Voice. Basic principles of voice production are presented in this course. Posture, breathing, tone production, resonance, and articulation are studied in the classroom with a view to the development of correct speech habits. Regu- lar speaking and reading before the class with criticism by students as well as the instructor. (Private conferences for each student.) Required, Junior year, winter quarter, one and one-half hours Taylor 491. A dvanced Speaking. Tn this course emphasis is placed upon vital, interpretative speech. Me- chanical details of speech production become servants making effective, persuasive speech possible. Attention is given to mood and emotional connotation of words and phrases. Gestures and facial expression are studied and practiced. Continued correction is made of the individual speech difficulties. Required, Middle year, fall quarter, one and one-half hours Taylor (Satisfactory completion of the foregoing courses in Public Speaking is expected of all students and is one of the requirements for graduation. The exact number of hours to be devoted to this training in each year of a student's residence at the seminary will be determined in accordance with the needs both of the individual student and of the group concerned.) 492. Voice and Diction. A study of the principles of Phonation, resonance, and articulation. Special attention is given to the needs of individual students. Elective, two hours, schedule to be arranged Taylor 493. The Creative Delivery of Sermons. Practice in the delivery of sermons with special attention upon the principles of communication, argumentation, and persuasion. An induc- tive study of taped sermons by great contemporary preachers will be emphasized. Elective, three hours, Middler and Senior years Taylor G. MUSIC AND HYMNOLOGY 495. Worship. The theory and practice of public worship with an introduction to the use of The Book of Common Worship and The Hymnbook. Required. Senior year, spring quarter, 4 hours Taylor 79 496. The Ministry of Music. The organization of a total music program in the church as a part of the Christian Education program. The study will be approached from the standpoint of the minister rather than from the standpoint of the musician. Elective, two hours, schedule to be arranged Taylor 497. The Techniques of Musical Leadership. A course designed for the student gifted in music who may use music as a means of ministry in the church. Rehearsal techniques, vocal methods, conducting, and literature will be studied. Elective, three hours, schedule to be arranged Taylor H. RADIO AND TELEVISION 499. Introduction to Religious Broadcasting. A survey of the programs, techniques, facilities and Church-radio indus- try relations. Students will write, transcribe, and evaluate their own pro- grams and prepare for ministry through this means of communication. Visits to radio and television stations and the Protestant Radio Center will be scheduled. Elective, two hours, schedule to be arranged Taylor Historic Columbia On December 15, 1828, the Synod of South Carolina and Georgia, representing Presbyterianism from North Carolina to the Missis- sippi, inaugurated this institution by electing Rev. Thomas Goulding, D.D., as its first professor. For two years Dr. Goulding conducted the work, chiefly propaedeutic, in the Presbyterian manse at Lex- ington, Georgia. In 1830 the seminary was moved to Columbia, South Carolina, and the faculty complemented by the election of Dr. George Howe and Dr. Aaron W. Leland. Located in the center of South Caro- lina's capital, the Columbia campus was most attractive. The old chapel there was particularly interesting by reason of its history as well as its origin. Used originally as the carriage house of a Southern gentleman, this little building was later dedicated to a sacred purpose and came in a peculiar way to symbolize the sanctity which was there so eloquently inculcated. It is remembered as the place where Woodrow Wilson was "reborn for eternity" and where the Southern Presbyterian Book of Church Order was written. There also the first classes of Winthrop College were held, and in 1936 the Board of Directors of the seminary presented the building to that institution, now located in Rock Hill, South Carolina, upon the 80 condition that a tablet be placed upon its walls setting forth the most significant facts in connection with its past. Re-erected upon the campus of that college, the little building stands now as a link with the past of both institutions and as a reminder of spiritual truth for the thousands who visit it each year. While located in the city whose name she bears, Columbia Semi- nary numbered among her faculty and alumni many distinguished leaders of thought and life in the Southern Presbyterian Church. Indeed, the great distinctive principles of our denomination were largely coined and minted there. Any mention of our polity imme- diately recalls the name of James Henley Thornwell; any considera- tion of the principle of the spirituality of the Church brings up the shade of Benjamin M. Palmer; while the missionary idealism and enterprise of our Church have been incarnated in John Leighton Wilson of Columbia's Society of Missionary Inquiry. As a tribute to the greatness of these and of others who have been likewise con- nected with its past, the institution treasures the verdict of the late Dr. S. M. Tenney, first Curator of the Historical Foundation of our General Assembly, expressed to the author of a historical survey written at the end of its first century: "The fruit of your study, well substantiated, is that Columbia Seminary has influenced the life of the Southern Presbyterian Church far more than any other institution, and that is saying much, and yet not so much as the facts you bring forward say." Early in the Twentieth Century a strong conviction developed in the Columbia territory that a re-location of the institution was neces- sary. At the time of the location in Columbia that city was near the center of the Presbyterian population of the Southeast. The devel- opment of the Gulf States and the shifting of the center of our constituency made necessary the removal of the seminary farther to the West in order to accomplish the original purpose for which the institution was founded, namely: "To light up another sun which shall throw farther West the light of the Gospel." In the fall of 1924 the controlling Synods of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina, on recommendation of the Board of Directors, decided to remove the seminary to Atlanta. Immediately following this decision the Synod of Mississippi accepted the invi- tation of her sister synods to unite in the ownership and control of the seminary. Atlanta Presbyterians provided a fifty-seven-acre campus upon the hills of Decatur. During the presidency of Dr. R. T. Gillespie two theological buildings, unsurpassed in the Presbyterian world, 81 and four faculty homes were erected. A library, an additional wing to the administration building, two apartment dormitories, and five faculty homes have been added to the equipment of the seminary in recent years. In 1928, the Centennial of the founding of the seminary was cele- brated during commencement week, with the gracious participation of the General Assembly then meeting in Atlanta. The wisdom of re-locating the seminary in Atlanta has been indi- cated not only by the success with which the removal was accom- plished but also by the enlarged service which the institution has already been enabled to render for its constituent synods. The out- look for the future development of the seminary, and for the further enlargement of its program to meet the ever-increasing need of the Church, is most encouraging. The spirit of the old Columbia is being written into the life of the new. In the light of modern scholarship the students of today are gaining clear intellectual apprehensions of the great truths of the fathers. The romance of Columbia's yesterdays presages the reality of her tomorrows. Academic Awards THE FANNIE JORDAN BRYAN FELLOWSHIPS Under the terms of the will of the late Mrs. Fannie Jordan Bryan of Columbia, South Carolina, a generous legacy was left to Colum- bia Theological Seminary for the establishment of fellowships. De- cisions concerning the nature of these fellowships and the terms under which they are to be awarded were left to the discretion of the Faculty and the Board of Directors of the seminary which will administer the funds in such a way as to promote the best interests of the institution, to further interest in scholarship among its stu- dents, and to provide better trained leaders for the Church. The income from the Bryan Fellowship Fund is sufficient at present to make possible the awarding of several fellowships each session, though the exact number to be given may vary from year to year. The stipends paid will be designed to meet the expenses of a year's graduate study at other leading seminaries or universities of America and of foreign countries or, in cases where this is deemed wise, at Columbia Seminary. The awards are to be made to graduates of this seminary who have attained distinction in their academic work and who show promise of outstanding usefulness in the ministry. No attempt has been made to limit the application of 82 the fellowships to any particular fields of study, but in every instance the course to be pursued and the institution at which this is taken must be approved by the Faculty. The first award of Bryan Fellowships was made in February, 1941, and Fellows have been elected annually since that time. THE ALUMNI FELLOWSHIP FUND The Senior Class of 1941 at Columbia Seminary, in a desire to promote the welfare of their Alma Mater and of the Church, insti- tuted a plan whereby one or more fellowships are to be awarded annually to graduates of this institution. The members of that class have agreed to make a yearly gift to the institution for that purpose and have enlisted the support of many other alumni in this under- taking. THE ANNA CHURCH WHITNER MEMORIAL FELLOWSHIP This fellowship was established in 1928 by the late William C. Whitner, LL.D., of Rock Hill, South Carolina, in memory of his mother, who was an earnest, consecrated, and devoted Christian. The principal of the endowment provided will not permit an annual award upon this foundation but stipends providing for a year of advanced study at an American or European University will be made available for appointees at intervals of several years. Seven Whitner Fellows have been enabled to pursue such studies during the period since Dr. Whitner announced his donation. WILDS BOOK PRIZE Some years ago the seminary received from Louis T. Wilds, Esq., a ruling elder of the First Presbyterian Church, Columbia, South Carolina, the sum of $500.00 to provide an annual book prize. At the close of each session the proceeds of the gift are invested in books for a student elected by the Faculty because of distinction in his academic work. JAMES ROBERT HOWERTON AWARD Dr. J. R. Howerton was one of the ablest and most useful of the Columbia alumni. He served as pastor of some of our strongest churches, taught at Stillman and later at Washington and Lee, established Montreat, and published two very thoughtful books. Columbia is happy to have his name and influence commemorated 83 in a cash award to the student writing the best paper in Presbyterian History and Polity. INDIANTOWN CHURCH AWARD A highly important step to encourage interest in and promote the development of Country Church Work has been undertaken by the Indiantown Presbyterian Church of Hemingway, S. C. Mem- bers of that church have established for this purpose at Columbia Seminary an endowment fund which now amounts to $3,100.00, and which may be increased by later gifts. Tn accordance with the directions of the donors the principal of this fund is to be invested by the Directors of the seminary, and the annual income from the investment is to constitute the Indian- town Country Church Award. This prize is to be awarded annually to the member of the Middle class of the seminary who makes the most outstanding record of work in a rural church or field during the summer months between his second and third years in the insti- tution. The award is to be based upon the student's knowledge of the needs of his field and his faithfulness in meeting those needs. The winner of the prize is to be selected by a committee of the faculty in consultation with the Chairman of Home Missions in the presbytery in which the student labors. In the event that no student qualifies for this recognition in a given year, the income is to be used in increasing the amount of the award to the winners during the two succeeding years. In explaining the motive for their action, the donors have written: "This award is made available with the hope and prayer that more of our worthy young men may catch a vision of the possibilities of the Country Church, and dedicate the ministry of their lives to rural areas." The seminary joins whole-heartedly in the hope which they have expressed, and welcomes the establishment of a fund for this purpose. THE EDGAR WATKINS SCHOLARSHIP The Edgar Watkins Scholarship, which is awarded annually by the Berean Bible Class of the First Presbyterian Church in Atlanta, is named in honor of Judge Edgar Watkins, eminent lawyer, civic leader, and churchman. Judge Watkins was born in Campbell County in 1868 and died in Atlanta in 1945. He was nationally recognized and honored as a leader in his legal profession. He served with distinction in various public offices which he held in all 84 places where he resided. He served as an Elder in the Presbyterian Church for over forty years. He was for many years the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Oglethorpe University, and was the author of a number of books. Judge Watkins was the teacher of the Berean Bible Class of Atlanta for over twenty years. His keen legal mind and his wide knowledge of history gave his lessons the quality of learned lectures, illuminated by his love of man and his faith in God and His Son Jesus Christ. In appreciation of Judge Watkins' life of service, the Berean Bible Class of the First Presbyterian Church of Atlanta has dedicated to his memory the scholarship which they maintain at Columbia Theological Seminary. THE WILLIAM V. GARDNER SCHOLARSHIP This Scholarship is also provided annually by the Berean Bible Class of the First Presbyterian Church, Atlanta, Ga. It is appropri- ately named in honor of Dr. Wm. V. Gardner, who was from 1936-1952 the beloved pastor of that church. Dr. Gardner has been one of the most faithful friends of Columbia Theological Seminary, and served ably as Chairman of its Board of Directors for a number of years. THE CLAUDE C. MASON, JR. SCHOLARSHIP The Claude C. Mason, Jr. Scholarship is an annual award made possible by gifts of the Fellowship Bible Class of the Morningside Presbyterian Church, Atlanta, Ga. Mr. Mason was a faithful mem- ber and a deacon of the Morningside Presbyterian Church and a successful man of business. He was at one time President of the Fellowship Bible Class and had manifested especial interest in the provision of scholarship aid for ministerial students at Columbia Seminary. In memory of him and in recognition of his outstanding Christian character and service, the members of the class have asked that the scholarship contributed by them should bear his name. SCHOLARSHIP FUNDS One of the great needs of every theological seminary is for annual scholarships which may be awarded to needy and deserving students. Very few candidates for the ministry come from homes of large means. Many of them must of necessity exhaust their own resources in securing the four-year college training which is a prerequisite to the regular seminary course. Comparatively few of these men will 85 ever receive large salaries in the ministry, and it is important that they should not enter upon their service handicapped by a crushing load of debt. Hence it is a matter of great importance that aid should be provided where needed. There are few, if any, ways in which a finer investment can be made for all the causes of the Church. The establishment of endowment funds for the permanent pro- vision of scholarship aid offers a rare opportunity to contribute to one of the most vital enterprises of the Church and at the same time to create a fitting memorial to some loved one. Some years ago $2,500.00 was named as the amount necessary to endow a full scholarship at Columbia Seminary. Any gift of as much as $500.00, when so designated, will be considered as establishing a permanent endowment for scholarship purposes, however, and will be set aside as a trust fund which will bear the name given for it by the donor. The seminary lists here with deep gratitude the names of such scholarship funds, which have already been established at this institution. The J. Frank Alldis Scholarship $ 1,000.00 The Mary and Catherine Alldis Scholarship 500.00 The Frances Daniel Anderson Memorial Scholarship . . 5,000.00 The Susie Butler Anderson Scholarship, provided by Georgia Society of the Dames of the Court of Honor . . 500.00 The Agnes Barden Scholarship 7,000.00 The David A. Beatie Scholarship 6,000.00 The W. D. and Nellie M. Beatie Scholarship 8,000.00 The Annie Newton Bennett and Rev. John Newton Memorial Scholarship 3,500.00 The Dr. Joseph Davis Bennett Memorial Scholarship ... $ 1,295.00 The Captain Blair Scholarship 1,666.66 The Dr. and Mrs. John T. Brantley Scholarship 5,350.00 The "Brother Bryan" Scholarship 1,596.16 The Mary Carmichael Scholarship 2,000.00 The Habersham Clay Memorial Scholarship 2,500.00 The Rosa Scott Coleman Memorial Scholarship 500.00 The Mrs. A. V. Cooper Scholarship 1,500.00 The William Hawkins Corley Memorial Scholarship . . . 8,000.00 The Decatur Woman's Auxiliary Scholarship 2,500.00 The First Presbyterian Church, Marietta, Ga., Scholarship . 2,500.00 The First Presbyterian Church, Rome, Ga., Scholarship . . 2,500.00 The Maude Garland Scholarship 2,200.00 The J. Wilder Glover Memorial Scholarship 2,500.00 The LeRoy Gresham Scholarship 3,000.00 The Mr. and Mrs. W. M. Hagood Memorial Scholarship . . 4,099.00 The George R. Hairston, Jr., Memorial Scholarship . . . 3,000.00 The Ridgley Hall Scholarship 1,705.00 The Joseph E. Hannah Memorial Scholarship 1,200.00 The Harriett Tucker Hawkins Memorial Scholarship . . . 1,050.00 The Rev. Frederick Jay Hay Scholarship 5,000.00 86 The Lottie and Loudie Hendrick Scholarship 2,500.00 The Robert M. Hitch Scholarship 2,500.00 The Little Fritz Lee Howard Memorial Scholarship . . . 1,000.00 The Independent Presbyterian Church, Savannah, Ga.. Scholarship 5,000.00 The Carson Gillespie Jenkins Memorial Scholarship . . . 1,000.00 The Deen Jones Scholarship 1,024.18 The Chattanooga Scholarship 6.000.00 The Robert King Memorial Scholarship 1.560.50 The James Lindsey Memorial Scholarship 2,500.00 The J. K. Livingston Scholarship 2,500.00 The Peter G. McEachern Memorial Scholarship 2,128.00 The W. H. Mcintosh Memorial Scholarship 1,200.00 The Elizabeth McFadden McLaurin Scholarship 2,600.00 The Mr. and Mrs. S. L. McNair Memorial Scholarship . . 3,775.00 The Claude C. Mason, Jr. Memorial Scholarship .... 960.00 The Men's Bible Class, First Presbyterian Church, Augusta, Ga., Scholarship 642.50 The James H. Owens Scholarship 2,500.00 The Elizabeth Ross Parkhill Memorial Scholarship, First Presbyterian Church, Jacksonville, Fla 1,025.00 The George H. Pendleton Memorial Scholarship .... 3,000.00 The J. Davison Philips Scholarship 500.00 The Rankin Scholarship 5,000.00 The Cantey Venable Reed Scholarship 3.000.00 TheReid Memorial Scholarship 2.500.00 The John G. Richards Memorial Scholarship 2,723.00 The James Russell Scholarship 1,000.00 The John Munn and Elizabeth Eccles Saunders Scholarship . 2,500.00 The John D. Snyder Memorial Scholarship 1,000.00 The Thomas Harper Spencer Scholarship 2,500.00 The Leila A. Thornton Scholarship 10,000.00 The Leila A. Thornton and W. A. Austell Scholarship . . . 2,500.00 The Josiah James Willard Memorial Scholarship .... 5,000.00 The Lawson Williams Scholarship 4,386.00 The Rev. James A. Wilson Memorial Scholarship .... 2,500.00 The J. W. Woolfolk Memorial Scholarship 2.500.00 The S. R. Wynkoop Scholarship 3,000.00 Other Memorial Funds In the course of years Columbia Seminary has received a number of gifts or legacies which, in accordance with the instructions of the donors and with the desire of the institution, are to be maintained as perpetual memorials. These gifts are ordinarily to be maintained as permanent trust funds, the income from which is to be used in the general work of the institution, although, at the discretion of the Board of Directors, one of them may ultimately be used for building purposes. In addition to the Smyth bequest for the Library and Lectureship Funds and to the Bryan and Anna Church Whitner 88 Fellowship Funds, which are described elsewhere, it is appropriate that special mention should be made of the following memorials: The J. Bulow and Virginia Orme Campbell Memorial Fund $ 43,113.84 The Dr. Thomas Chason Memorial Lund 10,000.00 The Dr. and Mrs. W. L. Cooke Fund 7,000.00 The Bobby Crook Memorial Fund 536.00 The James M. Daniel Memorial Fund 2,500.00 The J. M. Davison Memorial Fund 925.00 The Richard Thomas Gillespie Memorial Fund .... 16,161.32 The C. W. Grafton Memorial Fund 1,970.00 The J. B. Green Chair of Theology 100,000.00 The Dr. William Thomas Hall Memorial Fund 1,000.00 The J. M. Harris Memorial Fund 500.00 The Mr. and Mrs. James Caller Jones Memorial Fund . . 500.00 The John King Memorial Fund 29,649.44 The Dr. Joseph Pelham Knight Memorial Fund . . . 5,000.00 The Mr. and Mrs. Robert Jackson Knight Memorial Fund . 1,114.50 The Aaron W. Leland Memorial Scholarship Fund . . . 1,000.00 The Kenneth Marion Littlejohn Memorial Fund .... 1,013.75 The John Beverly McDaniel Memorial Fund 1,000.00 The Rev. James D. McDowell Memorial Fund 1,040.00 The Neill Mclnnis Memorial Fund 913.00 The Thomas S. and William M. McPheeters Memorial Fund 6,705.00 The Peter Marshall Chair of Homiletics 250,000.00 The Dr. and Mrs. F. L. Martin Fund 1,000.00 The Captain D. Townsend Pope Memorial Fund .... 1,000.00 The Edna Eddings Robinson Memorial Fund 931.00 The Dr. J. Holmes Smith Memorial Fund 500.00 The James and Katherine Jackson Vance Memorial Fund . 511.00 The William Clarke Wardlaw Memorial Fund 7,500.00 The Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Whitten and J. H. Whitten, Jr., Fund 2,000.00 The Martha Moss Yater Memorial Fund 800.00 Student Loan Funds In addition to or in place of aid through scholarships, the semi- nary has been enabled by the generosity of its friends to make loans of varying amounts to worthy students from time to time as these are needed. The creation of such loan funds is another means by which a worthy memorial to some loved one may also be made a permanent means to the upbuilding of the Church, and the seminary would record its abiding gratitude for what its friends have done in this respect. The following loan funds have been established through the years and are now available: The Luther H. Maxwell Loan Fund $25,000.00 The Margaret Bensell Loan Fund 1,021.56 89 The Jasper N. Dorsey Loan Fund 1,609.00 The Jennie L. Hamilton Loan Fund 5,000.00 The Ives Loan Fund 600.00 The Mr. and Mrs. Paul Kuhns Loan Fund 1,000.00 The Kekomoisa Bryan Loan Fund 328.00 The James Bailey Magruder, Senior and Junior Loan Fund 300.00 The Helen Penniman Warren Memorial Loan Fund . . . 250.00 The J. Blanton Belk Loan Fund 150.00 The Naomi Mitchell Simons Memorial Loan Fund . . . 150.00 The Maybelle Winton Loan Fund 500.00 NT g$ 90 GRADUATING CLASS OF 1958 DIPLOMAS LANE ADAMS JOHN CARLYLE COX WILLIAM BLAINE EMERSON WILLIAM LaRUE FRIEND JIMMY LOYD LYONS ARCHIE LUTHER McNAIR ALEX JACKSON MORRISON FRANK DANIEL SLADDEN RUSSELL LITTLEJOHN STRANGE SEFTON BENNETT STRICKLAND BACHELOR OF DIVINITY HERSCHEL ALLEN, JR. JOHN THOMAS ALLEN JAMES FINLEY ANDERSON HERBERT BAILEY ROBERT CRAWFORD BANKHEAD, Cum Laude GARY DONALD BARBER JAMES ARTHUR BEARD BENJAMIN CLAYTON BELL HARRY BLACK BEVERLY, Cum Laude MALCOLM ALEXANDER BONNER EDWIN OSCAR BYRD, JR. GORDON CALVIN CAMPBELL CHARLES BLANTON COUSAR, Magna Cum Laude JAMES MILLEN DARNELL LUCIUS BEDDINGER DuBOSE, Cum Laude PINCKNEY CHAMBERS ENNISS, JR. JAMES PATTERSON FLEMING FREDERICK CURTIS FOWLER, III GEORGE BARRETT GILMER, JR. JOHN RHEA HALL WILLIAM DOSTER HINES PAUL LEWIS KENDALL WILLIAM LOWRY McBATH FRED WILSON McDANIEL, JR. HENRY DIETER MOONEY WILLIAM CHRISTAL MOUNTS CHRISTOPHER DOUGLAS MURPHY ROBERT LEE MYERS HARRY FREDERICK PETERSEN, III HARRY WATSON PHILIPS HOWARD ELSON PITTARD ROBERT EUGENE RANDOLPH, Magna Cum Laude GLENN BYERS ROBINSON HENRY NEILL SEGREST, JR. ANGUS ROBERTSON SHAW THOMAS AURELIUS STALLWORTH GEORGE BROWN TELFORD, JR., Magna Cum Laude 91 JAMES KNOX THOMPSON EDWIN GEORGE TOWNSEND ELDON DONALD WADSWORTH OTIS FAIN WARREN GEORGE DANA WATERS, III ROY EDGAR WATKINS, JR. ROBERT BRUCE WILLS CHARLES RACE WOMACK CHARLES DAVIS YOUNG CHIN SEI YU MASTER OF THELOGY JOHN CALVIN CHESNUTT ROBERT LEE CONNOR JOHNSTONE LEWIS COPPOCK JOSEPH EMMETT HENDERSON SHIN ISHIMARU JOSEPH LAWRENCE LEE MAX MILLIGAN, JR. FRANK YOUNG PRESSLY MASTER OF BIBLICAL EDUCATION LEONARD THOMAS VAN HORN AWARDS MADE IN 1957-58 CHRISTIAN EDUCATION SCHOLARSHIP GEORGE BROWN TELFORD, JR. FANNIE JORDAN BRYAN FELLOWSHIPS ROBERT CRAWFORD BANKHEAD HARRY BLACK BEVERLY ALUMNI FELLOWSHIPS ROBERT EUGENE RANDOLPH CHARLES BLANTON COUSAR WILDS BOOK PRIZE GEORGE BROWN TELFORD, JR. HOWERTON AWARD ROBERT EUGENE RANDOLPH INDIANTOWN AWARD WILLIAM TAYLOR BROADWAY PLAN AWARDS GEORGE BROWN TELFORD, JR. ROBERT CRAWFORD BANKHEAD ROBERT EUGENE RANDOLPH PROTESTANT RADIO AND TELEVISION SPEECH AWARD PAUL RANDOLPH KOWALSKI 92 ROLL OF STUDENTS 1958-1959 CANDIDATES FOR DEGREE OF MASTER OF THEOLOGY WADE HAMPTON BELL, JR. Decatur, Georgia EDWARD HUIE BROWNING Decatur, Georgia BENSON CAIN Nashville, Tennessee HENRY THOMPSON CLOSE Washington, Georgia JOAO MOREIRA COELHO Campinas, Brazil WALTER GRANGER COOK Atlanta, Georgia KENNETH PALMER CRAIG Chamblee, Georgia DAVID NORMAN DANIELS Monroe, Georgia A.B., Brown University B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary B.S., Auburn Polytechnic Institute B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary A.B., Presbyterian College B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary B.E.E., Vanderbilt University B.D., Fuller Theological Seminary Gammon Institute. Lavras. Brazil B.D., Presbyterian Seminary, Campinas D.V.M., University of Georgia B.D., Union Theological Seminary A.B., Davidson College B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary A.B., Emory University B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary WILLIAM COURTENAY DINWIDDIE A.B., University of Texas Atlanta, Georgia WILLIAM JAY DONALDSON, JR. Knoxville, Tennessee EUGENE MORRISON GRIER Doraville, Georgia HUGH MORRIS JEFFERSON Atlanta, Georgia HUGH MacINTYRE LINTON Nashville, Tennessee CHARLES THEODORE McKEE Nashville, Tennessee ROBERT LEE MYERS Atlanta, Georgia FRED JAMES POWELL, JR. Chester, South Carolina PAOLO RICCA Rome, Italy ARMANDO RODRIQUEZ Atlanta, Georgia FRANK MUIR SCARLETT Fort Valley, Georgia JOHN NOTTINGHAM SOMERVILLE Montreat, North Carolina GEORGE REED STUART, JR. Nashville, Tennessee B.D., Austin Theological Seminary A.B., King College B.D., Th.M., Columbia Theological Seminary (Special Study) A.B., Erskine College B.D., Princeton Theological Seminary A.B.. Centre College B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary A.B., Erskine College B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary A.B., Davidson College B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary B.S., University of South Carolina B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary B.S., Davidson College B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary Facolta Valdese di Teologia, Rome Waldensian Church A.B., University of Tampa B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary A.B., University of Georgia B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary A.B., Presbyterian College B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary A.B., Columbia Bible College B.D., Columbia Theological Seminary 93 c g "7> Q) u O c