ANNUAL REPORT
OFJOHN J. McDONOUGH,
MAYOR OF THE CITY OF SAVANNAH,
FOR THE
YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1891,
TO WHICH IS ADDED THE
TREASURER'S REPORT
AND
REPORTS OF THE DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS.
*::
SAVANNAH:
THE MORNING NEWS PRINT.
1892.
MAYOR AND ALDERMEN FOR 1891.
MAYOR,
JOHN J. McDONOUGH.
CHAIRMAN OF COUNCIL,
GEO. J. MILLS.
VXCE-CHAIBMAN OF COUNCIL,
R. B. HARRIS, M. D.
ALDERMEN,
WILLIAM P. BAILEY, PETER W. MELDRIM,*
WILLIAM G. CANN, JAMES McGUIRE,
JOHN A. G. CARSON, GEORGE J. MILLS,
WALTER G. CHARLTON,t HERMAN MYERS,
GEORGE S. HAINES, WILLIAM I. O'BRIEN,
RICHARD F. HARMON, WILLIAM F. REID.
RAYMOND B. HARRIS, M. D.,
 Resigned Oct. 14,1891.
tElected oct.:, U9I.
MAYOR'S REPORT.
MAYOR'S OFFICE. I
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1892. j
Fellow Citizens:
An ordinance of the City makes it the duty of
the Mayor to present to the citizens a report showing the receipts and Expenditures of the City
government from January ] to December 31 of
each year of his term of office.
In compliance with said ordinance I submit
herewith, for your information, said report for the
year 1891, and also a statement of the financial
condition of the City with reference to its bonded
indebtedness. The report and statement are verified by the reports of the City Treasurer and of the
Sinking Fund Commissioners, published herewith.
Although the expenditures, in some instances,
ran over the budget fixed for the departments for
the year, which excess could not be prevented
owing to extra expenses unlocked for at the time
of the preparation of the budget, and which could
not be avoided, the public service has been economically conducted, and it is a matter of satisfaction to note the cash balance remaining on
hand at the close of the year.
The report of the Treasurer, carefully itemized,
showing the receipts from every source and ex-
4 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
penditures in every department, clearly proves
that the revenues of the City were promptly collected and its expenditures carefully looked after.
The annual reports of the City officers, giving in
detail the transactions of the departments during
the year, will be published, as also other statistics
of public interest, in the yearly City book, known
as the Mayor's Report for 1891.
The departments, including the Board of Health,
Streets and Lanes, Police. Fire, Water, etc., have
been properly managed by the officers in charge,and
efficient service has, in consequence, resulted with
much benefit to all. The following references and
recommendations in regard to important points
connected with the service are made and submitted for the information of the public.
BOARD OP HEALTH.
An examination of the Treasurer's report will
show that this account embraces the expenditures
for Laurel Grove Cemetery, salaries of the City
Physicians, donations to hospitals, expenses of the
sink department, crematories, etc. The total
expense under this head during the year exceeds
the budget. This was caused by the charging of
the running expenses of the crematories to the
Board of Health, no provision having been made
in the budget for said expenses, and by the unusual expenditures alluded to made necessary on
account of smallpox, which was discovered in this
city on December 26, 1890, and did not entirely
disappear until November 18, 1891.
The virulence of the disease never at any time
reached such a point as to alarm the authorities or
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 6
the citizens, and was practically stamped out early
in the year by the prompt measures taken to secure
the vaccination of all persons within the City limits not previously vaccinated. A strict enforcement of the law regulating vaccination was at
once resorted to and results most satisfactory
obtained. The smallpox extended more rapidly
among the colored people than the whites. In
view of this depots were at once established in the
vicinities mostly populated by colored people, and
vaccination was expeditiously carried on at these
points by physicians employed by the City, and
thousands of persons unvaccinated thus reached.
In addition to these measures visits were made by
physicians from door to door and all persons not
vaccinated were attended to in this respect. The
vaccination of whites was also rigidly enforcedThe City authorities were very much aided in their
object by the Commissioners of Chatham County,
who provided for the vaccination of persons in the
County without the City limits. The prompt and
fearless services of the Health Officer in ferreting
out cases that were in many instances concealed
and under his personal supervision removing them
at once from the City, surrounding such removals
with all sanitary precautions possible for the prevention of contagion and the spreading of the disease, deserve the commendation of the citizens.
A full history of the disease, its commencement,
its progress, and extermination, with details as to
expenses incurred, number of deaths, etc., will be
found in the report of the Health Officer.
6 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
LAUREL GROVE CEMETERY.
The Mayor urges attention to the recommendations heretofore made, and in which he earnestly
joins, looking to the selection of a suitable place
for the establishment of a new public cemetery.
Laurel Grove is nearly filled, and there are but
few available lots therein unsold.
The reference made by the Health Officer in his
report to the menace to the public health
occasioned by the vaults in Laurel Grove Cemetery
above ground, deserve careful thought and consideration. This Cemetery is now well in the City ;
many people are living adjacent to it, and, in the
opinion of the Mayor, the utmost caution should
be exercised and prompt action taken to proteet,beyond a chance and permanently, the inhabitants
thereabout, as well as the whole community, from
sickness or contagion that might result from the
impure air and gasses that these vaults contain,
which is said to escape whenever the vaults are
required to be opened, and may possibly escape
even when the doors of the vaults are closed.
CREMATORIES.
The crematories were originally built at a cost
of nearly eleven thousand dollars ($11,000). The
builders guaranteed that each furnace (there being
two) should destroy eighty (80) cubic yards of
garbage and night soil per day, at a cost not to exceed twenty-five cents (25c.) per cubic yard. Owing to inexperienced labor and the condition of the
garbage, much of the latter being mixed with sand
and ashes and rendered thereby almost indestruct-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 7
ible, the furnaces did not at first accomplish as
much as was expected of them.
An ordinance was passed compelling the separation of garbage from ashes by the occupants of
houses, so that the scavenger carts would find the
garbage and ashes, sand, etc., properly placed in
separate boxes. This, together with the employment later on of more experienced labor, produced
better results.
The platform of the crematories was burned
October 27, 1891, and rebuilt at a cost of twelve
hundred dollars (f 1,200). The crematories are
now doing excellent service, and judging from
their increased efficiency, it is expected that with
proper management they will soon destroy all the
garbage of the city, at a cost of less than fifteen
cents (15c.) per cubic yard.
GROUND LOT RENTS CERTIORARI CASES, ETC.
The following is quoted from the report of the
City Attorney :
"The case involving the taxation of the lots
commonly called ' ground rent lots' has been
determined by the Supreme Court, and the validity
of this taxation has been fully and emphatically
sustained.
"The injunction suit brought by the Vernon
Shell Road Company against the City has been
determined in favor of the shell road company,
and under this decision the City cannot remove
the tollgate or take any part of the shell road, or
cross the same with intersecting streets, without
first having the damages assessed. It will be
8 MAYOR'S ANNUAL BEPORT.
proper for Council to determine whether it will proceed.
"The certiorari cases to our Supreme Court
which involve the validity of our Sunday ordinance against barrooms have been determined in
favor of the City. The City can now safely proceed
upon the recognition of the validity of both sections of this ordinance and can punish in the
Police Court, not only for selling liquor on the
Sabbath, but also for keeping open the place,
whether liquor be sold or not. While tbe effect
of a punishment before the Police Court on subsequent prosecutions in the State Courts has not,
so far as the head notes in the Von Glahn case
indicate, been adjudicated, I am very decidedly of
the opinion that such a conviction is no bar to
further punishment in the State Court. I believe
that the authorities clearly sustain this view."
STREETS AND LANES.
The work of the committee in charge of this
department has been excellent, the department
well managed, and the results satisfactory to our
citizens.
The streets have been kept in good condition,
the crossings carefully looked after, and everything possible done for the safe travel and comfort
of the public.
The parks and squares, also under the charge of
the Street and Lane Committee, bear evidence of
proper care and attention. Forsyth Park was
never more beautiful, and the squares throughout
the City have been also beautified by the planting
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 0
of grass, palmetto and other trees, and the relaying
and repairing of sidewalks.
An ordinance was passed August 5, 1891, forbidding, under a penalty of 25, all persons, other
than children, from walking on the grass plats.
It is to be hoped that the enforcement of the ordinance will obliterate the ugly cross-paths that have
marred the beauty of the squares, and ruined the
looks of, and in many instances completely destroyed, the grass plats.
STREET PAVING.
Contracts have been signed for the paving with
asphalt of Bull street, from the north side of
Liberty to the south side of State, and from Congress to the Bay. The Warren-Scharf Paving Company, to which the contracts have been awarded,
are proceeding with the work. The citizens
generally have so openly expressed the desire that
the paving of Bull street with asphalt should be
continued to the park, it is to be hoped that
Council will be able to arrange for the accomplishment of the work at an early day.
A roadway, forty-five (45) feet in width, has
been paved with granite blocks on East Broad
street, from Wheaton street to the south side of
Jones street. It is a good, substantial pavement,
well laid, and will no doubt give excellent service.
During the year the following streets have been
paved with oyster shells: Henry street, from
Price to Cemetery ; Gaston street, from Price to
Tattnall; and Hall street, from Price to West
Broad street.
Full details of the cost of work done in this de-
10 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
partment, and amounts collected from owners of
property credited to this account, will be found in
the Treasurer's report.
DRAINAGE.
Much effective work has been done in this department and the expenses of the same have been
economically managed.
The ditches on Springfield plantation and round
about the city have been regularly cleaned and
kept clear. Sewers have also been cleaned and a
number of improvements made, which have increased the facilities for drainage with beneficial
results.
OPENING STREETS.
The special committee on opening streets has
continued its work towards securing rights-ofway for streets in the extended limits and elsewhere.
The matter of the extension of Bay street and a
roadway through the lands of Exley has been
settled, the City paying to the County Commissioners, who have the work in charge, three
thousand (f 3,000) dollars for its share of the expense.
The items, as expressed in the Treasurer's, report
show in full the work accomplished in this department of the City government during the year.
MARKET.
Great improvement has been made in the sanitary condition of the Market. An enforcement of
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 11
the rules and ordinances governing the same has
brought about a much better state of affairs
therein. The air of cleanliness and good order
which now seems to pervade this establishment
evidences proper attention on the part of those
charged with the duty of its supervision.
POLICE.
Arrangements looking to the introduction of the
Garnewell police telegraph system in this City are
now receiving the consideration of Council, and as
a majority of the Board seem to favor the project,
it is probable that the system will be adopted.
The experience of other cities, notably Charleston
and Atlanta, which have adopted it, recommends it
to us strongly. By its introduction increased
police protection will be afforded the entire community, and especially that portion of the City
south of Gaston street, where such protection is
certainly needed. If the proposition of the cornpan}' is accepted without delay, the system, as provided in the contract submitted, will be established
and in operation by May 1, next.
The discipline of the police force has been
maintained and the rules governing the same
strictly enforced. Very few charges against the
members have been brought to the attention of
the Mayor, and if the commissioned and non-commmissioned officers have strictly performed their
duty, and the Mayor has every reason to believe
they have, this points to the fact that the privates
have complied with the rules and regulations of
the department.
One or two cases of drunkenness on the part of
12 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
the privates were reported to the Mayor and the
offenders immediately dismissed. The Mayor holds
that any member of the police force who indulges
in liquor to such an extent as to become incapacitated thereby for the proper peformance of his
duty is not a fit person to bear the responsibilities
attached to the position.
The report of the Chief of Police gives the casualties and changes in the department, the number
of arrests, and for what offenses, and other statistical information for the year, and the Treasurer's
report gives its itemized expenses.
FIRE DEPARTMENT.
The work of the fire department during the
year has been universally commended, and most
deservedly so, as a glance at the number of fires
set forth in the report of the Chief Fireman, and
the small losses comparatively resulting therefrom,
will attest.
The following recommendations of the Chief
Fireman should receive earnest consideration:
" I sincerely trust and earnestly request that
steps will be taken to regulate the stringing of
overhead wires. The many accidents noted by
the press from day to day are calculated to make
the employees of this department extremely careful how they come in contact with or handle
electric wires. I would be grateful for careful consideration of this matter and the adoption of such
regulations as may be considered necessary for the
protection of the lives of the men in this service."
The report of the Chief Fireman for the year is
very complete and contains full and detailed
MAYOR'S ANNUA L REPORT. 13
accounts of the work of the department, statement
of fire alarms, losses, expenses, casualties, etc., and
will be published with the reports of other
officers.
WATER WOKKS.
The running expenses, etc., of the water works
for the year were forty-eight thousand, three
hundred and seventy-six dollars and sixty-four
cents ($48,376,64). To this must be added fiftythree thousand, two hundred and sixty-four dollars
and seventy-three cents ($53,264.73), expended
during the year towards the construction of the
new water works, making the total expenses in the
water department for 1891 one hundred and one
thousand, six hundred and forty-one dollars and
thirty-seven cents ($101,641.37).
The Treasurer's report contains the particulars of
the expenditures. The sum of one hundred and
twenty-five thousand dollars ($125,000) has been
set in the budget for 1892 on account of new water
works.
The work now in progress, together with the
pumps, engines, pipe, material, etc., contracted for
1892 will consume this appropriation, and require
future payments, which will be provided for.
The project of the new waterworks, the arrangements for the construction of the same, both as to
the contracts made with the companies for different
portions of the work, machinery, etc., and the
terms of payment were entrusted almost entirely
to the Committee on Water, and the details for the
accomplishment of the work reported by them and
confirmed by Council showed careful consid-
14 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
eration and elegant business qualifications on
the part of the committee.
The careful study of the contracts, conferences
with the contracting parties, and other details of
utmost importance to the City, demanded a great
deal of work on the part of the committee.
The Mayor is well acquainted with the time
given and pains taken by these gentlemen to
master all the points in connection with the project, thus carefully protecting the interests of the
City and securing to the public as economically as
possible with good and substantial work a system
of new water works with the increased supply so
much needed to secure the comfort and protect
the health of our community now and for years
to come.
For full information in regard to the building
of the new water works, work done during the
year, contracts entered into, etc., attention is respectfully directed to the special report made by
the Superintendent of the department, to be found
among the published reports of City officers.
SAVANNAH RIVER IMPROVEMENTS.
A strong effort is being made by an Executive
Committee of our citizens towards securing for
our river and harbor an appropriation by Congress
sufficient to carry out the project recommended by
the Engineer Department of the general Government, and adopted by Congress some time since,
to deepen our river to a depth of 26 feet. Measures are being taken by the Executive Committee
to bring this matter before Congress and to
impress upon the members thereof the importance
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 15
of Savannah as a port and its claim to recognition
by the Government, and the necessity of the appropriation estimated for by the Engineer Department
of the United States for placing its river and harbor in proper condition to receive the largest vessels, so that the demands of her commerce can be
readily met. The work of the Executive Committee, and especially of Capt. D. G. Purse, whose
earnest efforts in behalf of our City in this as in all
other public matters deserve the gratitude of our
people, together with the deep interest taken by
Congressman Lester, whose energetic and able
direction of the matter has already been productive of splendid success towards the accomplishment of the project, will, it is to be hoped, succeed
in gaining for us an appropriation that will finish
the improvements in view.
GENERAL REMARKS.
Before closing this report it is at least proper if
not the duty of the Mayor that he should state
for the information of the citizens his position
and action with reference to the Sunday laws, the
enforcement of which created so much comment
in the public press and otherwise.
It is hardly necessary to go into details or
to endeavor to explain the manner in which or
for what reason many of the City ordinances, and
especially those providing for the observance of
the Lord's day, were permitted to be openly violated for some time past.
That barrooms were open and liquor sold on
Sundays was plainly evident, as around such
places could be seen on every Sabbath crowds of
16 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
people; their conduct thereabouts generally loud
and boisterous, and many among them in a
drunken condition, ripe for disorder and crime.
The persons that frequented these grogeries on
Sundays were principally poor, hard-working men,
who had but little time during the week days to
loaf and loiter around barrooms and seemed to
reserve Sunday for this purpose, many of them
spending the entire Sabbath in and about said
places, drinking until intoxicated, and returning
to their homes in prime condition for a family
quarrel, which often followed, as the Monday
dockets of the Police Court will attest, such quarrels ending in many instances in serious beating
and cutting cases, if not murder.
And right here can be noted the fact, and that,
too, with much gratification, that as soon as barrooms were required to be closed on Sundays, this
class of offenses diminished to such an extent as
to attract the attention of the officers of the court
to the change, and in a few weeks thereafter
charges of wife-beating and family broils were the
exception on Monday's docket.
Putting aside any question of personal benefit
to the habituates of these places from the closing
thereof, the enforcement of the Sunday ordinances
brought good order and decorum to many parts of
the City which did not there obtain previous
to the efforts made to enforce the ordinances, and it is a matter of satisfaction to observe
the comfort and peace that has since resulted to
neighborhoods in which many evils caused by intemperance and rowdyism formerly prevailed.
MAYOR'8 ANNUAL REPORT. 17
Now a word as to the manner in which the
Sunday ordinances were enforced. Immediately
upon assumingoffice the Mayor directed the Chief of
Police to notify every proprietor of a barroom,
shop, etc., where liquor was sold, that the Sunday
law would be strictly enforced. Inasmuch as said
proprietors had been permitted for some time to
violate the law, or, to be more charitable, it might
be said that no effort had been made for some time
by the City authorities to prevent them from so
doing, the Mayor, though not required to give
such notice, deemed it but fair to acquaint said
proprietors with his determination, and at the
same time to request them to comply with the full
spirit of the ordinances governing the matter.
The notice to close places of business generally
on Sunday was also sent to the proprietors of all
stores, etc., other than barrooms that came within
the intent of the City ordinances. There was no
reason why the Mayor, in the discharge of his duty
as he understands it, could discriminate in favor
of others against the barrooms.
The notice sent, as stated, was in many instances disregarded, and saloon keepers, proprietors of stores, etc., were placed on the information docket and dealt with in the police court as
the ordinances directed. A prompt modification by Council of the Sunday ordinance
as it affected places of business other than barrooms soon followed, and the Mayor continued to
strictly enforce the ordinances bearing on the
subject as they stood after being amended. With
his efforts in this direction the citizens are
acquainted.
2
18 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
In the face of the enforcement of the law several
of the keepers of bar rooms were reported to the
Mayor as defying the efforts being made to that
end. and the Chief of Police was then instructed
to use t-very means in his power to obtain evidence against those reported as suspicious, and, if
the proper evidence was secured, to place the
violators on the docket. The means used by the
police to carry out the orders and the results
are also known almost in detail to the community. The securing of evidence such as to
establish beyond question or doubt the guilt of
the violators of the Sunday liquor law was attended by much difficulty, and the officers that
succeeded in bringing guilty ones within the
power of the law, deserve commendation for
their faithful and efficient service in this respect.
It is a matter for careful thought, and at least
for the consideration of our citizens, that the
enforcement of the other ordinances of the City,
some of which had not been enforced strictly for
years, and the enforcement of which often proved
a hardship on citizens who violated said ordinances in many instances almost from practice,
did not cause hardly a word of comment, and certainly did not create the criticism and discussions
brought about by the closing of barrooms on Sunday.
It has been said that the Sunday laws have
not, during the past year, been construed as liberally as they should be. The ordinances of Savannah bearing upon the Sabbath admit of but one
construction ; their language is plain and forbids
in explicit terms certain violations heretofore re-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 19
garded by many persons as privileges, and it is impossible to understand how said ordinances could
be construed so as to permit the Executive of the
City, under his oath of office, to allow that which
they strictly forbid, and which they call upon him
to prevent.
If the ordinances are unjust and work unnecessary hardship on any class of citizens, and it is
believed by those whose duty it is to protect the
public interest and welfare of the community,
that they should be repealed, then the remedy
could be applied at once in that way, but as long
as the ordinances remain offeree they should be
enforced and steadily enforced in their true intent
and spirit as expressed in the language in which
they are couched, especially so when the meaning
of the same, as in the present Sabbath ordinance
of our City, is made so plain and, beyond question,
cannot be otherwise than easily and unmistakably
understood.
The Aldermen of the City have, at the expense
of much of their time, and even when private
business demanded their attention, responded to
the requirements of their office and given to the
City faithful and continued service.
They have endeavored, in the discharge of their
duties, to carefully guard the public interests, and
that they have been successful in this the present
financial and improved condition of the City will
attest. Their labor for the public good deserves
the appreciation of their fellow-citizens.
The only change in the personnel of the Board
during 1891 was the resignation of Hon. P. W.
Meldrim, which was received with much regret
2O MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
and accepted only when continued efforts on the
part of the members of Council to secure its
withdrawal could not be acceded to on the part of
Mr. Meldrim. This gentleman possessed in the
highest degree the confidence and esteem of the
Mayor and Council and carried with him their
kindest wishes for his welfare and continued prosperity.
Hon. Walter G. Charlton was elected to succed
Mr. Meldrim.
In conclusion the Mayor desires to say that since
his acceptance of the office of Chief Executive of
the City he has endeavored to" impress upon the
officers charged with the administration of public
affairs the importance and necessity of continuing
to perform their duty in compliance with the ordinances of the City, without fear or affection of or
to any one, and to treat the conduct of their offices
in a purely business light, discharging their duties
in a courteous but positive manner, treating all
citizens alike, and holding themselves uninfluenced by any political or other considerations
inimical to the public good. In the opinion of
the Mayor an ordinance should be passed forbidding public officers from taking part or engaging
in politics in any form. The City of Savannah
has been fortunate in her selection of officers, and
this is due no doubt to the acquaintance of the
Aldermen, by whom they are elected, with the
ability and integrity of those serving under them,
thus enabling Council to protect the City's interest, which would no doubt suffer in the hands of
inexperienced or incompetent officers that might
be placed in charge if politics were given full
sway in this regard.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL, REPORT. 21
Savannah has, during 1891, as in the past, continued to preserve her standing as a solid commercial city. Her business has been conducted in a
steady, conservative manner, engendering confidence in her integrity and solid worth, while the
many improvements going forward indicate the
new spirit for enterprise that has of late years
actuated her citizens and makes bright her future.
Respectfully submitted,
JOHN J. McDONOUGH, Mayor.
RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES FOE 1891 AND STATEMENT OP BONDED DEBT.
Cash in Treasury Jan. 1, 1891...........$113,166 50
Receipts for 1891........................... 842,649 06
$955,815 56
Expenditures, 1891 .................... ... 857,431 30
Cash in Treasury, Dec. 31,1891......$ 98,384 26
TRIAL BALANCE DEC. 31, 1891.
Expenditures. Receipts.
Board of Health...........! 65,362 72 $ 12 00
Board of Health O.E.M. 11,413 78 3,988 44
City Court................. 5,100 75 ............
City Lamps................. 26,12503 ............
City Lots........ ........ .. 17,350 00 6,485 00
City Maps.................. ............. 3000
Drainage......... ........... 3100 ............
Dry Culture............... 14,973 44 1,382 55
Fees........................... 2,002 86 6,376 28
Fire Department......... 51,954 37 547 82
Ground Rents.............. 1339 20,92987
22 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Ground Rent Lots........ ............. 23,72155
Harbor and Wharves..... 347 25 87 50
Incidentals.................. 13,482 82 7,409 63
Interest........ ............. 130 74 7 42
Coupons from Bonds of
1879...... ............... 161,718 74 ............
Coupons from Bonds of
1883...... ................ 17,964 22 ............
Coupons from Old City
Bonds...... .............. 62 50 ............
Laurel Grove Cemetery.. 7,341 81 2,126 25
Licenses................ ... ............. 64,850 00
Market......... .... ........ 5,451 36 17,619 95
Opening Streets........ ... 13,51971 5,50000
Paiks and Squares........ 8,25878 ............
Paving Sidewalks......... 26,46712 21,03669
Paving Streets............. 59,36969 11,21388
Police!....................... 63,780 62 50 00
Police Court............... 100 00 7,650 75
Police and Fire Uniforms 3,399 99 ............
PrintingandStationery.. 4,520 67 154 00
Public Buildings......... 3,231 75 58 34
Quarantine...... ........... 17,352 88 15,104 04
Rents........................ ............. 2,06718
Salaries...................... 23,808 69 ............
Scavenger Department.. 23,624 58 ............
Sinking Fund Bonds of
18791.................... 25,27050 ...........
Sinking Fund Bonds of
1883............... ....... 6,145 00 ............
Streets and Lanes.......... 75,53167 29,63769
Taxes. 1882................. ............. 150
Taxes, 1884................. ............. 600
Taxes, 1885................. ............. 4 50
MAYOR'S ANNUAL BEPOBT. 23
Taxes, 1886................. ............. 450
Taxes, 1887................. ............. 600
Taxes, 1888................. ............. 11262
Taxes, 1889................. ............. 11479
Taxes, 1890................. 145 00 133,965 58
Taxes, 1891................. 43650 392,90162
Waterworks...... ....... 101,641 37 67,485 12
Cash on Hand Dec. 31,
1891......... ............. 98,38426 ...........
Balance Account of
Ledger,Being Cash on
Hand Jan. I, 1891..... ............ 113,16650
$955,815 56 $955,815 56
BONDED DEBT JANUABY 1, 1892.
Bonds Compromise 1879,
Issued and Outstanding
Jan 1, 1891................. $3,248,300
Issued in 1891 in Exchange
for Old Bonds............. 500
$3,248,800
Less Redeemed and Cancelled by Sinking Fund
Commissioners............ 24,700
Amount Outstanding. .... $3,224,100
Bonds Compromise 1883,
Issued and Outstanding
Jan. 1, 1891............... $ 330,450
Less Redeemed and Cancelled by Sinking Fund
Commissioners............ 6,000
Amount Outstanding... 324,450
24 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Old Bonds Outstanding
Not Com promised ........
Old Bonds Outstanding
Compromised..............
Amount Outstanding...
Atlantic and Gulf Railroad
Indorsed Bonds Outstanding...... ..............
Add 30 per cent, as per
compromise agreement.
3,000
1,000
2,000
600
$4,000
2,600
Total Bonded Debt....................... $3,555,150
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 25
REPORT SINKING FUND COMMISSIONERS.
SAVANNAH, January 2, 1892.
His Hon. John J. McDonougli, Mayor :
Dear Sir. The Sinking Fund Commissioners
respectfully submit the thirteenth annual report.
It is with great pain that we record the loss of two
members of this board John L. Hurdee, who died
March 12, 1891, and John L. Hammond, who died
June 6, 1891. The resolution of the board expresses the feelings of their co-laborers, and is as
follows :
Resolved, That this board deplore the death
of Messrs. John L. Hardee and John L. Hammond, as members thereof and as citizens of
Savannah. They did their duty faithfully in this
board, as in every other walk in life, and their
places cannot easily be filled.
On July 17,1891, D. R. Thomas, and on October
31, 1891, John Lyons, were unanimously elected
members of this board to fill the vacancies above
mentioned :
With the funds at our disposal provided by ordinance.......................$25,000 00
Less overdrawn in 1890.................... 12 72
$24,987 28
Plus overdrawn from 1892......... ....... 283 22
$25,270 50
26 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
We have purchased bonds of the face of $24,700
of the issue of 1879, as stated below :
Feb. 28, 1891, 5,500 bonds, at 1031....$ 5,678 75
Feb. 28, 1891, 500 bonds, at 102*.... 512 50
May 14,1891, 2,000 bonds, at 1011.... 2,035 00
May 14.. 1891, 600 bonds, at 101...... 606 00
May 16, 1891, 500 bonds, at 101 i.... 507 50
May 20, 1891, 300 bonds, at 1001... 302 25
July 7, 1891, 5..000 bonds at 1021..... 5,112 50
Sept. 18,1891, 3,000 bonds, at 1015.... 3,052 50
Oct. 24, 1891, 7,000 bonds, at 1021.... 7,157 50
Oct. 24, 1891, 300 bonds, at 102...... 306 00
24,700 bonds, costing....! 25,270 50
bonds, costing.... 225,012 72
i )
V 264.000 bonds, costing.... $250,283 22 ise J 
Total
Purchase
We have also purchased bonds of the issue of
1883. of the face value of $6,000, as required by
ordinance of 1883 :
May 16, 1891. 3,000 bonds, at 101*....$ 3,052 50
Oct. 31, I89L 1,000 bonds, at 102...... 1,02000
Oct. 31, 1891, 500 bonds, at 101...... 50500
Dec. 18, 1891, 1,500 bonds, at 104-i.... 1,56750
6,000 bonds, costing.... $ 6,145 00
Pl puShaJ'ed I 42'050 bonds< costing.... 41,655 25
48,050 bonds, costing.... $47,800 25
All of the above mentioned bonds and unmatured coupons attached thereto have been canceled
and handed to the City Treasurer for such final
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 27
disposition as Council may direct. The new bonds
stand as follows :
ISSUE OF 1879.
Signed and made available for exchange, as per last report...............$3,516,300
Signed since last report..................... 500
Total signed..............................$3,516,800
Issued in exchange, as per
last report....................$8,515,000
Issued in exchange, since
last report........ ........... 500 3,515,500
Leaving in the hands of the City
Treasurer, available for exchange......$ 1,300
Of the bonds issued, $291,400 have
been canceled as follows :
Received for balance ground
rent lots.................. ......$ 9,200
Special purchases, as per previous report......... .......... 18,200
Purchased out of sin ki ng fund 264,000
Total cancelled............ 291,400
Which leaves now outstanding............$3,224,100
ISSUE OF 1883.
Total signed and made available for
exchange ............ ...........................$390,000
Of which there has been issued in exchange for old bonds........................ 387,400
Leaving in the hands of the City Treasurer ..............................................$ 2,600
28 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Of the bonds issued, $62,950 have been
canceled as follows :
Special purchases, as per previous report............... ........$14,900
Purchased out of sinking fund.. 48,050
Total purchased and canceled ......... ........ ........ 62,950
Which leaves outstanding
Respectfully,
$324,450
JOSEPH D. WEED,
S. GUCKENHEIMEK,
WILLIAM GARRARD,
D. R. THOMAS,
JOHN LYONS.
Sinking Fund Commissioners.
STATEMENT OF CITY OF SAVANNAH BONDS,
ISSUE 1879 (5 PER CENT. INTEREST.) g
W
QQ
55
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So

BLANK BONDS
PRISTE0.
ValuejNo.
$1000
500
300
100
2000
3000
1000
1000
Amount.
$2,000,000
1,500,000
300,000
100,000
$3,900,000
SIGNED BY
S. P. COMMISSIONERS.
No.l Amount.
2000
;2609
421
|410
82,000,000
1,848,500
126,300
41000
1 i $3,510,800
ON HAND
NOT SIGNED.
No.
0
4
15
Amount,
84,5ob
1,200
1,600
87,200
SIGNED
AND ISSUED.
No.
2000
2697
420
410
Amount.
82,000,000
1,3)8,600
126.000
41,000
83.515.500
BEST? OV ED
BY FINANCE
COMMITTEE.
No.
290
575
575
Amount,
SH5.000
172 50D
57,500
8375,000
NOT
AVAILABLE.
No.l Amount.
2
1
81,000
300
81,300
CANCELED
BY S. F. COMMISSIONERS.
No.
122
245
132
73
Amount.
8122,000
122.5TO
39600
7,300
8291,400
AMOCNT OUTSTANDING,
NO.
1878
2152
238
337
Amount.
81.878,000
1,228,
S6,4(H)
83,700
83224,100
10
CD
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STATEMENT OF CITY OF SAVANNAH BONDS,
ISSUE 4883-C5 PER CENT. INTEREST,)
HI.ANK 310NDS PRINTED.
Vnlno No.
$1000 300
COO 200
60 300
'
Amount.
$300,000
100,001)
15,000
$415.000
STONED HY
8. V, COMM18-
SIONKBH,
No.
800
150
300
Amount,
3800,000
7P.OOO
15,000
ssno.ooo
SIGNED AND
ISSUKD.
No.
SOC 1-15
28
Amount.
$300,000
72,500
14,000
$387,400
ON HAND,
MGNED.
No.
'5
i
Amount.
$2,600
100
S2.000
niCSTItOYKD BY
KINANCIK COMM ITTKE,
No.
5!)
Amount.
$25,000
S25.000
CANCELED
ny a. F. COMMISSIOKKUH.
No.
60
23
29
Amount.
$50,000
11,500
1,45'J
862,050
AMOUNT
OUTSTANDING.
No.
250
122
20
Amount.
$260,000
fll.OlO
13,450
$321.450
o

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13
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ANNUAL REPORT OF ZHE CITY TREASURER.
DR. Statement of Cash Received and Disbursed from January 1 to December 31,1891. CR.
Cash in Treasury January 1,1891..... $113,166 50 Board of Health
Salary of Health Officer from
December 1,1890 to November 30.
1801, inclusive............................. 1,800 00
Salaries of city physicians for one
year to December 31, 1891, inclusive......................................... 1,999 92
Salaries of officers of city dispensary for one year.......................... 2,139 96
Drugs, medicines, labels, etc., for
city dispensary........................... 882 64
Oil, fuel, repairs, lights, etc., at city
dispensary..................... .... ........ 115 26
Printing mortuary reports,circulars,
permits, stationery, etc., for
health officer.............................. 152 -JO
Ice tickets for poor, sewer pipe for
draining land atcrematory and incidentals, etc................................ 647 66
Savannah hospital for keeping, c-ity
patients for one year............ ....... 3,600 00
St. Joseph's Inflrmary, for keeping
city patient* one year................ 3,600 00
Georgia Inflrmary, for appropriation from December 17, 1890, to
December 17,1891........................ 3,600 00
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Salary of policeman employed on sHnlttiry duty one yenr................. 780 00 Colllns mul wagon hire for paupers -82 25 Time of hands Mint to ry disinfecting
corps............................................ 1,870 7!5 Services of saniiary inspectors........ 2,10221 Time of hands whitewashing, ln- uluding wagon hire hauling whitewash..... ............................. 3,355 24 Palls, buckets, dippers, bottles, whitewash brushes, bottling neid,
etc.................. . . ....... ............... 805 78 200 borrek copperas and 25 barrels carbolic acid................................ 1,422 60 Ten barrels Platt'schlorideH............ 282 00 800 bfirrela lime for disinfecting purposes........................ .................. 001 (0 Time of hands cutting weeds on lots......................... .................. 463 10 Amount in settlement of claim for lease of lot No. 07, Springfield,
connected with the erection of the
crematory............. ..................... 100 00 Eagle Sanitary and Crematory
Company for crematory... ........... 10,870 00 Material, oil, incidental's, etc., for
use at crematory.......................... 388 25 Wood for crematory....................... 4,23087 Time of hands at 'crematory; also labor draining crematory lot........ 2,867 10 Lumber, noils and material to ic- build crematory platform............ 743 29
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Board of Health
Clerk of Council and W. J. Clenry
for proceeds sales of empty barrels 9 00
W. J. Cleary for proceeds sale half
ton of ashes................................. 3 00 1200
Time of hands rebuilding crematory
platform, etc................................ 442 28
Portable house and moving same,
building new house at pest-house,
carpenters' bills, material and
labor............................................ 749 50
Wagon and harness, forage, medicines and sundry incidentals for
pest-house, etc............................. 747 11
Blankets, sheeting, clothing, cooking utensils, etc., for pest-house,
including clothing destroyed belonging to pest-house patient*...... 809 53
Groceries and beef for smallpox
patients and for pest-house........... 1,234 90
Superintendent of pest-house for
servicesfrom Jan.4to Aug. 20,1891 1,145 00
Salary of keeper of pest-house for
poition of the year....................... 202 02
Salaries of employes at pest-house.. 2,526 67
Sundry articles and clothing destroyed belonging to smallpox
patients; also for new clothing for
patients, etc., not at pest-house .. 1,718 81
Time of hands fumigating houses of
smallpox patients and for guards
watching same.................. ......... 1,928 46
Salary of ttoctor acting as assistant
and as health officer.................... 270 00
Clerk hire for Dr. Biunner............ 200 00
Services of phjsicians vaccinating
per.-ons... ................................... 2,370 00
Vaccine virus................................. 1,497 00
I
65
13 O
65,362 72
Jlnttrd of Health, O. K. MwMnc Office collections for odorless exca- vating machine ... ......... ........... 3, City Marshal for collection for
account of odorless excavating machine, as follows:
Executions for year 1886..................
Executions for year 1887..................
Executions for year 1888..................
Executions for year 1889..................
Executions for year 1890, ................ Executions for year 1801..................
Superintendent of O. E. M. for proceeds sales of empty barrels.....
77
3 00
14 05
22 75
41 05
150 00
201 82
25 000 3,088 44
Jioftrrl of Jfealth (O. .E. Mnc.hinr) Salary superintendent odorless ex- cavating machine for one year..... 1,'JOO 00 Time of hands of odorless excavat- ing machine fur one year............. 6,785 03 Harness and repairs to same, shoeIng, blacksmlthing, etc............... 645 88 Forage, oats, corn, etc..................... 1,842 60 Charcoal, nails, paint, tools, lum- ber, etc........................................ 70 42 .Lime, cement, brick and sand........ 80 85 Hire of teams hauling night soil..... '87150 11,41378
n
City Court
Sheriff and deputies for attendance
at City Court and fees................. 2,33750 Sheriff for costs in insolvent crimi- nal esses and serving subpoenas... 600 00 Clerk at City Court for attendance
at city court and fees.................... 660 00
Clerk of city court for costs in insolvent criminal cases and issuing
subpajnas................,..,..,..,..,......, 400 80 Solicitor-general, fees...... ............... 800 00 Stationery, books, etc..................... 196 80 Repairs, clocks and incidentals....... 665 5,10075
City Lots
Middle Georgia and Atlantic Railroad for lands of Hutch in son
Island owned by the City of
Savannah, as per action of the
City (Jonncil...................... ......... 2,500 00
D. H. Schuenemann for lot B, Mercer ward...................................... 460 00
John H. Pratt for lot Xo. 9, Canal
lot enst. between the brick bridges
of the Central railroad............. .. 3,52500
City Maps
Salea.of new City maps.
6,485 00
30 00
"'.'Dry Culture
.'&., F. & W. Railway Co., for work
done on trunk.............................. 82 55
Helen Culver for portion of lumber
used iu laying box sewer along
line of Reynolds street................. 100 00
Rent of Twickenham plantation for
one year...................................... 1,200,000 1,382 55
Brush
Lamps
Electric Light and Power
Company for lighting streets from
December, 1800, to November,
1801, inclusive, one yenr....... ....... 26,125 03
CKy Lota
W. R. Curtis for survey of Springfield plantation...... ..................... 300 00
Savannah Brick Manufacturing
Company for lots 57, 58 and 59,
Springfield plantation thirtv-one
acres at $550 per acre.................... 17,05000 17,35000
Drainage
Services of civil engineer making
computations for new sewerage
system................... ..................... 31 00
Dry Culture
Salary of Trunk Keeper for one vear 360 00
Salary of Superintendent from
April 23 to December 31,1891........ 620 00
Time of hands and for labor...... .... 10,920 05
Forage, oa'.s, corn, etc...................... 129 15
Brick, lumber, drain tile, tools,
cement, blacksmithing, etc........... 1,444 24
Rent of Twickenham plantation
from December 1,1890, to November 30.1891................................... 1,50000 14,97344
55
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M. Lililenthal for costs of execution
against her for bill for paving
Liberty street..............................
City Marshal for collections for
exeeutiorm.,...,,,...........................
Harbor Master, collect 1.HIS from
-- January 1 to December 81, 1801,
.inclusive, for harbor fees.,.,..........
"C'ifcy.Surveyor, for fees collected by
-uim.............................................
1 00
1,007 00
5,108 28
200 00 6,876 28
fire Department
Proceeds of sale of one gray horse...
Amounts charged In pay roll as paid
and turned back into the city
treasury ............... .....................
15000
3 23
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Fer.8
Salary of Harbor Master from December 1, IBiiO, to November 80,
1891.............................................
Hire of horse for use of Haibor
Master......................... ...............
Ofllco expenses, sundries, printing
and stationery for Harbor Master
1,80000
IfiO 00
42 SO- 2,002 86
Fire. Department
Payrolls of firemen from Dec. 1,
1800, to Nov. 80, 1891, inclusive... 86,247 18
Brush Electric Light and Power
(.'ompany for services of electrician on fire alarm telegraph for
three months.............................. 262 50
Material and repairs to fire alarm... 602 54
Rental of fire telephones and lines
for different engine houses........... 308 27
Rent of engine house No. 2 for one
year............................................ 333 33
Repairs to engines and trucks, shoeing horses and blacksmithing...... 1,114 60
Waste, oil, paint, repairs to buildings, including addition to engine
house, tools, incidentals, etc........ 3,452 77
Lumber and sawdust..................... 417 41
Gas bills for one year...................... 197 10
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G'enlral Ballroadand Banking Company for services rendered in
pumping out Ogeechee Canal......
8. Guekenheimer & Sons, for pumping out water from cellar..............
Chief of Kire Department for proceeds sales of old material, old
hose, old barrels, sacks, etc.........
Ground Rents
Office collections for ground rents on
city lots.......................................
Ground Kent Lo's
Various parties, balances due on
ground rent lots...........................
Harbor and Wharves
One half of bill for $175.00 paid for
tearing flat boat at lower rice mill
25 00
50 00
319 59 547 82
20,029 87
23,721 55
87 50
Harness and repairs to same............ 293 26
Forage, oats, corn, etc..:................. 2,890 06
Eight horses................................... 1,950 00
Medicine and treatment sick horses 235 74
Blankets, beddiiur, etc.................... 89 48
Printing and stationery......... ........ 80 28
Coal and wood............................... 6tiO 75
Three thousand ftet flre hose.......... 2,812 50
Ground Rents
\rnrious parties amount refunded
for giound rents overpaid by
them, arising from making their
lots fee simple..............................
Harbor and Wharves
Ross & Banford for tearing of flat of
oyster shells at lo**er rice mills... 175 00
Commis-ioners of pilotage union nt
to assist in defraying expemes for
189|............................................ 75 00
Repairing wharves, cleaning out
catch basins, and sundry Incidentals........................................ 07 25-
51,994 37
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Incidentals
City Marshal on account for old iron
safe................... ......................... 5 00
City Marshal for proceeds ^ales at
city pound................................... 82 25
Wood and coal at city exchange..... 131) fit
Oast at city exchange...................... 51 SO
Kuiulry expenses men nnd labor
working at burnt building*, etc.,
arising on account of llres............ 101 IS
-TCnU-rtalnmout Georgia State Agricultural Society, Ohio excursionisln ttiul governor's party during
May week........................ .......... (555 44
Making statement of coastwise exports for mayor's report for 1800... 75 00
lieiital of telephone and lines at the
Mayor's ofllee from Dec. 1,1800,
to Deo. 1, 1802.............................. 120 00
Premiums for insurance on City
Kxchangc......... .......................... 281 25
Making up lists of qualified voters
as required by registration laws... 600 00
Board of registration and election
managers for services and expenses 830 00
Advertising notices, registration
lisle,etc....................................... 420 50
Carriage hire, for city assessors........ 102 00
City assessors for assessing improvemens for 1890...... ........................ 1,225 00
Premium for insurance bonds for
city oftteiHls..,.............................. 202 50
One engineer's transit..................... 210 00
Stenographer's and court costs in
different cases; also costs in the
Supreme Court and expenses of
City Attorney to Atlanta.............. 832 45
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Laurel drove, Cemetfiry
Keeper for sale of lots, white....
Keeper for sale of lots, colored.
Keeper forburiul fees..............
790 00
200 00
1,180 25- 2,120 25
Liccmtft
Olllce collections for liquor licenses
for 1888....................................... 10000
Oiflee collections for liquor licenses
for 1889....................................... 45000
Office collections for liquor licenses
for 1890....................................... 25000
Ottice collections for liquor licenses
for 1891....................................... 04,050 00 64,850 00
Market
City Marshal for proceeds sale of
old iron....................................... 10 25
City Marshal for rent of stores or
vaults.......................................... 2.810 75
City Marshal for rent of stalls ....... 1,793 45
Clerk of market.............................. 13,00550 17,61995
Laurel Cfrnve Ceimtfry
Salary of Keeper from December 1,
1K90, to November ;!(), 1K91, inelusive........................ ............... 099 (Ml
Biliary of detective for services nt
cemetery for one year.................. 420 00
For pumps and repairs tomimo...... 4050
LayiugsidewHlkon Anderson street
west, of fuyler street.................... 2(18 79
Materials, tools, lumber, whitewashing, fencing, etc..................... 108 44
Time of builds..................... ........... 5.444 12-
Market
Salary of Clerk of Market from Bee.
1, 1890, to Nov. HO, 1881.......... .... 002 50
Cleaning and keeping market in
order; also salary of assistant to
Cleik of Market and time of
hands.......................................... 1,646 33
Brush Electric Light, and Power
Co. for lighting market from Dec.
1,1890, to Nov. 30, 1891, inclusive 1,200 00
Electric lights in basement from
Dec. 1, 1890, to Nov. 30, 1891......... 72 00
Gas fitting and plumbing............... 108 45
Brooms, fuel, soda, painting, repaiw, etc...................................... 1,522 08
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5,451 36
Opening Streets
Savannah Street and Rural Besort Eailway Company for lots 0 and D, in extended limits, necessary for opening Barnard street south from Andereon street, as per deed from Eliza B. Burke et al. to the city of Savannah, dated Feb. 23, 1891............................................ 1,000 00 Savannah Street and Kurul Resort Railway Company for strip of
Opening Streets
Ann W. Turner for 162 5 square feet land adjoining lot No. 5, Sloper
ty thing, Perclval ward, to straighten line of Drayton street Eliza B. Burke 4 al. for lots letters C and D in extended limits,
necessary for opening Barnard
street ..........................................
James Fleming for si rip of land 175 feet in length and 53 feet (more or less) in width, I'or opening Bar nard street extended...... ... ......... Alfred Kent for laud for extension of Montgomery street south of Anderson street...........................
Emma A. Bus-sell, administratrix,
in settlement of claim of the estate of R. W. Russell, alleged to have been sustained by reason of the extension of Montgomery
street south of Anderson street.....
Mary Sehwarz for land for exten sion of Bull. Drayton, Abercorn. Lincoln, Habersham, Price, and East Broad streets, and for Ninth
street, etc....................................
Honora Foley, administratrix, etc.,
amount in settlement of claim for land taken for straightening Whit- aker street corner Broughton and Broughton street lane.....,....,.....,,
50000
1,00000
3,50000
1,60000
66000
1,50000
600 00
O P3
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2!
S*
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I land 175 feet In  length and 53
' feet, more or lens, in width, as
recited in deed signed by James
Fleming, and dated March 14,
1891, for opening Jtarimrd street
extended..................................... 3,fiOO 00
Savannah Street and llural Jtesort
Hallway Company, in accordance
with repoit of the committee of
the whole adopted at mueUng of
council June 24,1801, recommending that No. 5 condition, m set
forth in the report adopted by
council Aug. 14,1890, be repealed,
etc............................................... 1,000 00 5,500 00
Paving Sidewalks
Various parties for paving sidewalks.......................................... 18,313 02
City Marshal for collections forpavi'lg sidewalks.............................. 2,72367 21,03669
Commissioners Chatham county for
amount agreed upon to bo paid to
William L. Exley for right of
way for a road through bin land
in the Valo Koyal tract, etc.........
Oeo. P. H. Jones for deed of bargain
and sale to the city of land on
Montgomery street extended.......
John McOrath for hire of teams employed on joads...... .... ...............
Civil engineer for professional servicessurveying, making map,
etc.time of hands working at
opening streets, stone lor street
centres, etc..................................
8,000 00
RSO 01)
280 87
242 84- 13,619 71
o
Parks <wf Squares
Salary of Keepers of .Forsyth Place
from December 1, 1S90, to November 30,'1891, inclusive.................. 97-5 00
Materials, lumber, tools, lime,
painting, repairing and incidentals....... ..................................... 1,479 49
Shade trees, roses and plants, etc..... 300 00
Time of hands and teamsters,.......... 5,498 29
Paving Sidtwalks
M. Cooley 370 bills for laying sidewalks, amounting to....................
MI
8,258 78
26,467 12
Paving Streets  Estate Owen Foiey for asphalt pavement, Broughtou street...... ........ 47802
City Marshal for collections for
asphalt pavement on Broughton
street......................................... 50 00
City Marshal for collections for
paving on Jefferson street............ 364 60
City Marshal for collections for
asphalt pavement on Liberty
street.......................................... 2,296 51
Mis. M. Lillienthai, through S. B.
Adams, city attorney, for her
proportion of cost of asphalt pavement on Liberty street............... 664 78
City Marshal for collections for
asphalt pavement on Bull street.. 424 05
Various parties for asphalt pavement on Bull street..................... 423 21
Various patties for paving Henry
street.......................................... 682 27
Various parties for paving Qaston
street.......................................... 1,663 91
Various parties for paving Hall
street.......................................... 552 00
Central Railroad and Banking Company for overcharge for freight on
granite blocks for East Broad
street.................. ...................... 11 65
Street and lane department deduction made for freight on two cars
Paving Streets
Material, lubor and sundry expenses incurred for paving streets,
to be distributed as follows:
Granite block pavement on East
Broad street from Wheaton street
to Jones street as per statement
rendered to property owners........ 18,01455
Granite block pavement on East
Broad street from Wheaton street
to Jones street over and above the
amount charged on statement
rendered to property owners........ 94 13
Paying with oyster shells that portion of Henry street lying between
Drayton and Price streets as per
statement rendered to property
o\yners January 1,1891................. 3,198 35
Paying with oyster shells that portion of Gaston street lying between Tattnall and Price streets
as per statement rendered to property owners August 19, 1891...... 6,773 05
Paying with oyster shell that portion of Hall street lying between
West Broad and Price streets as
per statement rendered to property owners December 5,1891..... 8,847 92
Paying with oyster shells that portion of Henry street lying between Drayton and Cemetery
streets as per statement rendered
to property owners Dec. 29,1891... 5,509 36
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granite blocks.............................. 82 4S
Various parties for paving Kast
Broad street...... ....................... 3,510 80- 11,218 88
Police
Thomas M. McDonnell for one horse
sold him....................................
Asphalt pavement on Bull street
fiom Liberty street to State street
up to December 81,18!)!........... ... 16,932 33 59,309 69
Police,
Payrolls of policemen from Dec. 1,
1890, to Nov. SO, 1801, Inclusive... 50,212 88
Material nnd repairs to buildings,
plumbing, etc.............................. 444 18
Painting police barracks as per contract.................. ........................ 085 00 Wood, coal, sawdust, and sundry
incidentals................................... 013 63
Stationery, blank books,etc............ 8235 . Kent of telephone at police barracks
from Dec. 1,1801, to Doc. 1,1892... CO 00
Funeral expenses of policeman as
per ordinance............................. 50 00
Mutual GUM Light Co. for gas bills
for one year................................. 172 44
Brush Electric Light and Power
Co. for electric lights at barracks
for five months........................... 9280
Two bay horses...... .... .................. 825 00
Medicine and treatment sick horses 9 40
Forage, oa s, corn, etc..................... 2,050 88
Saddles, halters, reins, etc, and
repairs tosame............................. 159 90
Shoeing horses and blacksmithing.. 298 55
Food for prisoners........................... 379 18
50 00 Pistols, arms and ammunition........ 1,244 98 03,780 02
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Police Court
Clerk of council collections for fines.. 7,650 75
Printing and Stationery
Mrs. M, Lilientbal for advertising
property under execution issued against her for cost of her proportion for aspbalt pavement on Liberty street...,................................
City Marshal for advertising real
estate sales, etc.................. .......... Sales of new city codes....................
Public Buildings
Lindsay and Morgan for chairs paid for by the city and after wards returned............................
3 00
127 00
24 00 154 00
5884
Police Court
John M. Denmark amount of fine imposed in police court and re mitted by action of council at meeting Sept. 30,1891......... .. ..... 10000
Police and Fire Uniforms
Police uniforms and helmets........... 1,254 34 Firemens1 uniforms, shirts, caps,
etc............................................... 2,145 65 3,399 99
Printing and Stationery
Salary of City Printer from Jan, 1 to Dec. 31, 1891, inclusive................. 1,320 00 Printing 1,800 copits of mayor's
reports for 1890............................. 474 25 Printing and stationery for city officers for circulars, notices, etc... 2,726 42 4,520 67
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Public Buildings
Premium for insurance on building
corner West Broad and River
streets......................................... 15 00 Material, repairs, etc., to buildings, fixing city offices in exchange building, new desks, book-cases, ' .. etc............................................... 3,216 75 3,231 75 &
Quarantine
Vn rious vessels for boarding fees and
fumigation charges.......................
Various vessels for discharging
ballastby steam...........................
C. H. Dlxon & Co. for wood and
coal paid for twice and refunded..
8,985 00
6,080 79
29 25 15,104 04
Quarantine
Salary Quarantine Officer from Bee.
1,1890, to Nov. BO, 1891 (one year) 1,200 00
Salaries of doctors acting as Quarantine Officer.............................. 255 00
Time of regular hands for one year,
including engineers and firemen.. 4,401 18
Labor, irregular men, for one year.. 927 15
Rental of telephone and line from
June 25, 1891, to Juno 1,1892 ....... 186 80
Brimstone and fumigating chemicals............................................. 1,123 C3
Wood, eottl oil, tools, paints, rope?,
machinists' bills for repairs to
machinery and sundry incidentals............................................. 2,256 00
Paid the following expenses for
quarantine tug boat, as follows:
Bills of Thos. Healy and others as
for sundry expenses at the North
after tug..................................... 350 00
McEntee & Dillon in full for claim
against the tugTheckla............... 433 60
Premiums for insurance on tug...... 175 00
Rope, oil, paint, incidentals and
repairs to tug............................... 695 01
Groceries and butchers' bills........... 790 50
Salaries of captain and crew of tug
for eleven months........................ 2,941 51
Wood and coal for tug.................... 632 50
Expt-nses for docking tug Theckla.. 700 00
Two tanks for tug as per contract... 225 00
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17,352 88
Sents
Brick store foot of West Broad street
one year....................... ............. 510 00 Eastern rooms exchange building,
one year...................................... 000 00 Wharf property foot of Whitaker
street, six months........................ 50 00 McLeod mill site, one year.............. 200 00 Canal lot No. 9, three months......... 15 00 City tombs, No. 3, one year, No. 2
six mouths.................................. 100 00 Lots on Springfield plantation........ 147 18 Portion of Hutehinson's Island
near piling closing up Fig Island channel....................................... 25 00 Wharf slip, at foot of Dray ton street,
one year...................................... 100 00 Encroachment on south side wharf lot No, 3, Decker ward, six months 5 00 House at crematory........................ 1500 2,06718
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Salaries
Salaries of city officers from Dec. 1, 1890, to Nov. 30,1801, inclusive .
Scavenger Department
Salary of superintendent for one
year............................................. 1,200 00 Time of hands................................. 11,939 78 Harness and repairs to same........... 318 19
ira
3
9 23,808 69 $
Streets and Lanes
Various parties for repairing sidewalks.......................................... 118 85
City Marshal for collections for
repairing sidewalks..................... 83 70
City Marshal for collections for
grading sidewalks........................ 11 00
Various parties for material, paving,
labor, etc., ou streets.................... 4,750 46
Clerk of Council for collections for
sewer permits .. .......................... 339 00
Shoeing and blacksmtthing, repairs
to tools, wagons, etc..................... 2,109 27
Oil, nails, forks, tools and incidentals, new wiigon, etc............ 436 49
Forage, oats, corn, etc................. 6,584 85
Hire of mules................................. 846 00
Rent of lot for one year.................. 600 00
Slnkint) Fund JRonda of!87!>
Commissioners for bonds, issue of
1879, cancelled and retired,,.,...,.
Sinking Fund Bonds of 1883
Commissioners for bonds, issue of
1883, cancelled and retired...........
Streets and Lanes
Time of hands.............................. 27,851 07
Time of teamsters........................... 7,768 89
Eleven mules................................. 2,100 00
Medicine and treatment of stock..... 119 76
Forage, oats, corn, etc..................... 3,821 95
Repairs to wagons and carts, harness and repairs to same, repairs
to tools, shoeing and blacksmithing............................................... 2,803 42
00
23,624 58
s
25,270 50
d
6,145 00
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Paving Streets Deportmentthe
following amounts expended by
street and lane department for
 paving, grading and othersvise
improving streets, and which were
charged up to streets and lanes,
hence transferred: For labor,
material, etc., on Henry street,
between Drayton ana Price
streets............. ........................... 3,198 35
For labor, material, etc., on Oaston
street............... ........... ............... 6,773 05
For labui, material, etc., on Hall
street.......................................... 8,847 92
For labor, material, etc., on Henry
street, between Drayton and
Cemetery streets.......................... 5,509 36- 29,637 69
Taxes. 1882
Citv Marshal, collections from shipping................. .. ....................... 1 50
TaxrK, 1884
City Marshal, collections from shipping....... ................................... 600
Taxrs, 1885
City Marshal, collections from shipping........... ............................. .. 4 50
Lime, cement, brick, oil, paint,
stone cuibing, sewer pipe, nails,
tools and incidentals.............. ..... 13,854 82
Stone ballast, granite blocks, etc...... 2,012 86
Bridges and railings and repairs to
same............................................ 468 19
Repairs to plank roadways. ............ 27 53
Lumber and hire of teams, hauling
same............................................ 577 87
Oyster shells................................... 12,269 52
Rent of wharf for unloading oyster
shells, seven months.................... 280 00
Central Railroad and Banking ComE
any for sand for filling old
ridge en Wadley strest............... 633 42
Building cesspool and catchbasins,
iepairing traps, etc...... ................ 942 87
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75,531 67
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City Marshal, collections from shipping............................................ 4 50
Taxes, .7.W
City Marshal, collections from shipping..,. ....................................... (i 00
Taxes, 18SS
City Marshal, collections from real
estate.............................. ........... 102 12
Citv Marshal, collections from shipping.................................. ......... 1050 11202
Taxes, 1SSO
City Marshal, collections from real
estate.............. ......................... 0229
Citv Marshal, collections from shipping............................................ 20 50
City Marshal, collections from specific............................................. 200 11479
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Taxes, 1890
Real estate....................... .............. 95,481 29
Stock in trade........... ........ ........... 12,819 85
Personal..... . ................ .... ........... 21,179 47
Shipping ....................................... 3,671 47
Specific................ ... ..................... 813 50 133,965 58
Taxes, 1801
Real estate..................................... 198.309 02 Stock in trade................................ 24,601 47
Personal........................................ 78,514 87
Shipping....................................... 9,380 41
Specific................ ...................... 72,13495
Received from badges, as follows:
017 one-horse wagons...... 3,122 40
123 two-horse wagons...... 1,151 40
112 one-horse drays......... 800 80
128 two-horse drays........ 1,308 00
10 one-horse hacks........... 70 40
20 two-horse hacks......... 222 00
8 two-horse omnibuses.... 87 60
1 four-horse truck........... 22 50
65 streetcars.................. 1,377 00
62 hueksteisand peddlew 46B 00
1,349 dogs....................... 1,329 80 9,960 90 392,901 62
Taxes 1990
Various parties amounts refunded
for taxes paid by mistake............ 145 00
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Taxes, 1891
For making badges........................
Sundry persons for licenses revoked
Various parties amounts refunded
for taxes paid by mistake............
70 50
270 Ou
96 00 436 50 2
Writer
Salaries of ollleors and employes
from Dec. 1, 1800, to Nov.,'), 1801 18,805 34
For running expenses of pumps,
engines, etc................................. H81 48
For repairs to engines, inuiim, etc... 8,035 !>7
For wood................................... ... O.H27 fiS
For extensions................................ 12,208 78
For connections.............................. 142 5;i
For hydrant account............... ....... 52 20
For map account,........................... 160 05
For improvement account.............. <IOit 20
For Hushing, cleaning and repairing cesspools................................ 135 04
For Incidentals, printing, ond stationery.............. ......................... 100 50
For forage, oats, corn, etc............... 370 00
For pipe, lumber, etc., blacksmithing, and machinists' bill for artesian wells at works...................... 680 42
For boring artesian wells at works.. 1,505 58
Time of hands on artes'an wells at
works................................. ....... 474 81
For rental of telephone and line
from Oct. 1, 1801, to Oct. 1, 1892... 80 00
Overcharges collected for water
rents and refunded..................... 48 61
The following amounts have been
expended for new water works:
W. R. Curtis for services gauging
wells, making levels of proposed
lines ; also for plans, profiles and
estimates.............. .. .................. 410 03
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Water Works
Water rents.................................... 67,267 29
Superintendent for collections for
material, wood, old iron, and
labor............................................ 217 83 67 485 12
$955,815 56
Thos. J. Johnston on account for
services as consulting engineer
and for expenses.......................... 3,15000
Time of employes engineering and
inspecting account....................... 1,808 83
Building railroad treble from Central railroad to new works; includes lumber, bolt*, washers, etc. 6,381 92
Drawing paper d pies of specifications, etc, and for lumber and
material, getting things ready
for work, etc................................ 1,986 42
Time of hands on new work*......,.. 1,158 16
On account for new artesian wells
on 8tilfS avenue; includes machinists' bills, materia's, etc....... 18,803 50
Oast iron water pipe as per contract 14,867 79
fnppectiou of cast iron water pipe... 293 15
Lead ............ .... ........................... 2,996 8X
Hauling cast iron water pipe........... 648 13
On account for laying water pipe..., 250 00
Michael Walsh, purchase-money for
western 20 feet of lots 55 anil 56,
Springfield, as per conveyance,
etc............................................... 450 00
Balance on hand Dec. 81,1891........
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101,641 37
98,384 26
$955,815 56
C. S. HARDEE, City Trcamrer.
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54 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
"We, the undersigned, Commitle on Finance, have examined
the accounts and books of the City Treasurer, from the first day
of January to the thirty-first day of December, 1891, inclusive,
and find the same correct, with proper vouchers produced, and
find balance in the treasury of $98,334.26.
HERMAN MYERS,
GEO. J. MILLS,
W. G. CANN,
J. A. G. CARSON,
W. P. BAILEY,
finance Committee.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 65
REPORT OF CITY ATTORNEY.
SAVANNAH, GA., January 20, 1892.
Hon. John J. McDonough,
Mayor of the City of Savannah :
DEAR SIRSince my last report several cases to
which the city of Savannah has been a party have
been disposed of.
At the date of my last report our Supreme Court
had passed upon the legal questions in the Liberty street illegality cases, and they were then
pending in the Superior Court for a trial under the
facts, for the purpose of ascertaining whether the
bills against the property owners on Liberty street
were too large, in the light of the adjudication of
the Supreme Court. Since then the case against
Mr. D. C. Bacon has been tried, and a verdict has
been rendered in favor of the city for the full
amount of the claim. A motion for a new trial
has been filed by Mr. Bacon, and is now pending.
The evidence in this case showed clearly that the
city had not charged the property owners a dollar
in excess of what was due, but on the contrary,
might have made their bills larger.
The case involving the taxation of the lots commonly called " Ground Rent Lots " has been determined by the Supreme Court, and the validity
of this taxation has been fully and emphatically
sustained.
66 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
The case of Annie Rogers against the city, the
same being a claim for damages for property alleged to have been lost through the fault of city
inspectors, has been heard, and, after the evidence
was in on both sides, plaintiff's counsel dismissed
the suit.
In the case of the Savannah Plumbing Company against Mulligan, to which the city was a
party as a garnishee, the position taken by the
city to the effect that it was not subject to process
of garnishment, was sustained by the Judge of the
City Court of Savannah, and there has been no
appeal from his decision. This decision is of importance as a precedent, as it is desirable that the
city be not embarrassed by summons of garnishment.
The injunction suit brought by the Vernon
Shell Road Company against the city has been determined in favor of the Shell Road Company,
and, under this decision, the city cannot remove
the Toll Gate or take any part of the Shell Road,
or cross the same with intersecting streets without
first having the damages assessed. It will be
proper for Council to determine whether it will
proceed.
The certiorari cases of McBride and others to
our Superior Court, which involved the validity
of our Sunday Ordinance against bar rooms have
been determined in favor of the city. The city
can now safely proceed upon the recognition of
the validity of both sections of this Ordinance, and
can punish in the Police Court not only for selling
liquor on the Sabbath, but also for keeping open
the place, whether liquor be sold or not. While
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 67
the effect of a punishment before the Police Court
on subsequent prosecutions in the State Courts
has not, so far as the head-notes in the VonGlahn
case indicate, been adjudicated, I am very decidedly of the opinion that such a conviction is no
bar to further punishment in the State Court. I
believe that the authorities clearly sustain this
view.
The suit of Thomas Corr, the former Pest House
Keeper, against the city has resulted in a verdict
for the plaintiff in the sum of $375.75. I have
filed a motion for a new trial in this case. This
investigation'showed that the duties of the Pest
House Keeper have never been defined by Ordinance or Resolution of Council, and suggests the
importance of this being done so as to avoid further question on this subject.
The cases of Mrs. Mary Cissell and Mrs. Mary
A. Crawford are still pending in our City Court.
These are cases against the City claiming damages.
Since my last report the heirs of the late Joseph
Finnegan have brought an action of ejectment
against the Union Society and the city of Savannah, Avhich involves some of the Springfield plantation property, and the heirs of the late Magnus
Lowenthal have brought four suits for certain reentered property which the city, after re-entering,
sold to certain citizens. These citizens and the
city of Savannah are made parties defendant.
During the past year I have prepared a number
of contracts, have given a large number of opinions, verbal and written, and have attended to the
usual routine business of my office. I do not
58 MAYOR'S ANNUAL BEPOBT.
deem any further specification of that business
necessary or desirable. I am, with great respect,
Yours very truly,
SAMUEL B. ADAMS,
City Attorney.
MAYOR'S ANN UAL, REPOR P. 69
REPORT OF CHIEF OF POLICE.
OFFICE CHIEF OF POLICE, 1
SAVANNAH, January 1, 1892. j
Hon. John J. McDonough,
Mayor:
SIRI have the honor to submit herewith my
annual report of the Police Department for the
year ending December 31, 1891.
The aggregate strength of the Department is 69
as follows:
Chief.................................... . .......... 1
Assistant Chief.................................... 1
Sergeants ............................................ 4
Detective............................. ............... 1
Privates..................................... ........59
Special Policemen................................. 3
Total.......................................... 69
The above does not include the Ocean Steamship Company's force consisting of
Sergeants ......... ................................. 3
Privates .............................................21
Total.......................................... .24
For City.............................................69
For Ocean Steamship Company.. ............24
Total.......... .................... ............93
60 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
During the year 3146 arrests were made, being
307 more than the previous year. Of this number 1.181 were white and 1,965 were colored.
The following are the crimes and misdemeanors
for which the arrests were made :
1
OFFENSE. ~
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1 
Assault and Battery..................... ................. 28
Buixlary..................... .................................. 1
Carrying Concealed Weapons........................ 16
Drunkenness................................................. 369
Disorderly Driving........................................ 10
Fighting............ .......................... . ........... 59
Gambling................................................ ...... 10
Interfering with Officers............................ ... 26
Larcenv....... ............... ........................ .........' 19
Lost Children................................................ .........
Resisting Officers........... ............................. 29
Safe Keeping..................................... ........ ... 52
Violating City Ordinance................ .... ......... 236
Total.............................................. ......... 1,181
1 _
o a
 1
82 110
46! 7-5
8 0
33 49
9 9
575 826
173 54-'
60 70
172, 231
98 108
11 10
30 50
136 loo
29 33
1 1
3 4
43 72
116i 168
75 111
295 Sot
1,965 3,146
Number of LodgersWhite, 273; Colored, 68;
total................................................ 341
Number of Animals Impounded.................. 262
Number Stores and Dwellings Found Open... 102
CASUALTIES AND CHANGES.
BESIGNED.
Private Basch. S., March 1, 1891.
Private Bel ford, W. T., June 28, 1891.
Private Connors, J. J., August 13, 1891.
Private Dunham, G. T., January "22, 1891.
Private Gaffney, F. D., July 23, 1891.
Private Griffith, J. M., October 15, 1891.
Private Lamotte, F. M., September 29, 1891.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 61
Private Morgan, H. M., November 25, 1891.
Private Ryan, J. W., September 22, 1891.
DISMISSED.
Private Bender, H. W., July 27, 1891.
Private O'Hare, Jno., June 19, 1891.
Private O'Reilly, Jno., December 4, 1891.
Private Smith, J. H., April 17, 1891.
Private Sullivan, Danl., February 27, 1891.
Private Sullivan, Florence, September 18, 1891.
Private Walsh, M. S., August 28, 1891.
DIED.
Sergeant Lee, S. C., September 14, 1891.
Private Deignan, M., March 11, 1891.
ELECTED.
Sergeant J. B. Killourhy, elected Assistant Chief
January 7, 1891.
APPOINTED.
Sergeant Baughn, H. W., December 12, 1891.
Sergeant Mock, J. M., January 15, 1891.
Private Becker, W. L., July 24, 1891.
Private Bostick, R. B., September 30, 1891.
Private Coffee, E. J., September 24, 1891.
Private Connors, J. J., January 26, 1891.
Private Godbold, G. S., January 23, 1891.
Private Haines, A. E., December 3, 1891.
Private Hanly, M., March 2, 1891.
Private Jarrell, S. J., October 10, 1891.
Private Jernigan, D. W., December 14, 1891.
Private Kavanaugh, J., June 29, 1891,
Private Kelly, P. J., January 26, 1891.
Private Lamotte, F. M., March 2, 1891.
Private McCool, Jno., September, 24, 1891.
Private McGuire, James, April 18, 1891.
62 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Private O'Hare, Jno., March 31, 1891.
Private O'Reilly, Jno., September, 4,1891.
Private Rogers, J. P., December 14, 1891.
Private Smith, L. A., June 23, 1891.
Private Sullivan, Florence, August 15. 1891.
Private Ryan, J. W., August 15, 1891.
Ry resolution of Council adopted at meeting,
April 29, 1891, three special Policemen were appointed by His Honor the Mayor, one for duty at
Eastern Park and two for duty at the Market
basement.
INVENTORY OF CITY PROPERTY AT POLICE BARRACKS.
42 Springfield Rifles, cal. 45.
50 Winchester Rifles.
19 Smith & Wesson Pistols, cal. 45.
96 Smith & Wesson Pistols, cal. 38.
84 Colt's Pistols.
65 Pistol Holsters.
42 Bayonets and Scabbards.
2000 Rounds Rifle Ammunition.
6000 Rounds Pistol Ammunition.
5000 Rounds Winchester Ammunition.
65 Waist Belts.
115 Clubs.
66 Whistles.
66 Fire Keys.
22 Saddle Horses.
1 Wagon Horse.
23 Halters.
30 Spittoons.
3 Water Coolers.
12 Brooms.
12 Buckets.
22 Bridles and Bits.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.  63
22 McClellan Saddles.
22 Saddle Cloths.
21 Pair Spurs.
21 Pair Spur Straps.
1 Wagon.
1 Ambulance.
1 Harness.
3 Curry Combs.
3 Brushes.
1 Rake.
1 Shovel.
64 Bedsteads.
64 Mattresses.
62 Bedspreads.
64 Pillows.
12 Scrubbing Brushes.
10 Chairs.
1 Hat Rack.
2 Wardrobes.
6 Tables.
7 Desks.
12 Tin Plates.
24 Blankets.
1 Clock.
5 Stoves.
12 Cups.
35 Sabres.
24 Sabre Baits.
One Horse condemned and three purchased during the year.
I am sir, very respectfully.
JOHN GREEN,
Chief of Police.
64 - MAYOR'S AXNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF CITY MARSHAL.
CITY MARSHAL'S OFFICE,
SAVANNAH, GA., December 31, 1891.
Hon. John J. McDonough,
Mayor :
DEAR SIRI herewith respectfully submit my
report for the year 1891.
SIDEWALKS.
I have served notices where repairs have been
necessary, and lot owners who have not complied
with the notice I have reported to Council and
carried out instructions received.
GROUND RENTS.
All lots reported to this office by the City Treasurer
have been re-entered as required by Ordinance.
I have collected during the year $54,639.45 as
follows:
Real estate taxes 1888................... $ 10212
Real estate taxes 1889................... 92 29
Real estate taxes 1890................... 30,474 23
Specific taxes 1889........................ 2 00
Specific taxes 1890........................ 823 50
Specific taxes 1891........................ 6,854 00
Stock in trade 1890....................... 3,280 41
Stock in trade 1891...................... 135 12
Privy vaults 1886........................ 390
Privv vaults 1887 ... .................... 13 65
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 65
Privy vaults 1888 ........................ 22 75
Privy vaults 1889........................ 41 95
Privy vaults 1890 ........................ 159 60
Privy vaults 1891 ...... ................. 265 82
Shipping 1882.............................. 1 50
'Shipping 1884.............................. 6 00
Shipping 1885.............................. 4 50
Shipping 1886.............................. 4 50
Shipping 1887.............................. 6 00
Shipping 1888 ............................. 10 50
Shipping 1889.............................. 20 50
Asphalt Broughton street............... 5000
Asphalt Liberty street................... 2,290 51
Asphalt Bull street......... .............. 424 05
Paving Jefferson street.................. 364 60
Paving sidewalks......................... 3,215 63
Repairing sidewalks ..................... 83 70
Grading sidewalks........................ 11 00
Market vault rents........................ 2,826 75
Market stall rents........................ 1,793 45
Fees.......................................... J,OI1 00
Advertising ................................ 127 00
City Pound sales.......................... 82 25
Sale of oldsafe............................. 5 00
Sale of old iron............................. 10 25
Interest ..................................... 7 42
Total.................................... $54,639 45
I have the honor to be,
Your obedient servant,
ROBT. J. WADE,
City Marshal.
5
66 MAYOR'S ANNUAL RKPOBT.
REPORT OF CITY ENGINEER.
OFFICE CITY ENGINEER, )
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1892. f
Hon. J. J. McDonough,
Mayor:
SIRI have the honor to submit for your consideration the following report of work done in
the departments mentioned below, during the
fiscal year ending December 31, 1891:
Parks and Squares and Streets and LanesAlderman Harmon, Chairman.
DrainageAlderman Carson, Chairman.
Harbor and Wharves  Alderman McGuire,
Chairman.
PARKS AND SQUARES.
The Keeper of Forsyth Place and a force of nine
men have been employed in this department during the year. The walks on either side of the
Park Extension, from Hall to New Houston
streets, have been constructed (the material used
being gas house lime and cinders) and the center
and cross walks repaired.
A new walk on the east side of the park has
been laid and all the walks in the park have been
repaired; se%*eral new flower beds have been laid
out, and 574 flowering plants set out.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 67
Fifty-three palmetto trees have been planted;
thirteen in the Park, four around the Confederate
Monument and six each in the following squares,
to-wit: Johnson, Wright, Chippewa, Madison,
Monteray and Telfair. One hundred and ninetyfive other trees have been planted in the Park,
Park Extension and in the various squares.
A pavilion of wood, 20x30, with accommodations for the convenience of the public, has been
built in the Park. One hundred and eighty linear
feet of wire fence has been placed on either side of
Bull street walk, from the fountain to the walk
next the Park Extension. The fountain and
railing in the Park has been painted; 40 new
benches have been placed in the Park, and 12
on the green on the north side of Bay street; all
old benches have been painted; the work done
by the city hands.
The grass in the Parks and Squares has been
regularly mown and the grounds kept in good
condition ; a new mowing machine has been purchased.
STREETS AND LANES.
The force employed in this department is as
follows:
Superintendent............................... 1
Foreman....................................... 1
Stableman....... .............................. 1
In charge of sweeping machine.......... I
In charge of water carts.................... 1
Cleaning catch basins....................... 4
Cleaning crossings........................... 3
Inspecting excavations....... ............ 2
68 MAYOR'S ANNUAL RKPORT.
Tallying oyster shells..................... . 1
Pavers.......................................... 8
Laborers ................. .....................39
Teamsters......................................21
Bricklayers...... ............................. 3
Total.......................................86
STOCK AND VEHICLES.
On hand at this dateMules........................ 22
" " " Horses...................... 6
Total................................................ 28
Bought during the yearMules.................... 9
" " " Horses.................. 2
Total................................................ U
Sold during the yearMules........................ 4
Died during the yearMules ....................... 2
Total................................................ 6
Dump Carts (single horse).......................... 25
Watering Carts......................................... 2 G
Sweeping Machine.................................... 1
Buggies ................................................... 2
Rollers ................................................... 2
Total ................................................ 32
PIPE SEWERS.
Twelve hundred and fourteen linear feet 12-
inch cewer pipe has been laid on Wadley street,
thence on East Bay street to the Ogeechee canal;
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. (39
two-hundred and fifty-two feet 12-inch pipe on
Lumber street between Zubly and Margaret
streets; one hundred and seventy feet 6-inch
pipe to drain springs at this point; three hundred
and thirty feet 12-inch pipe on State street, between Price and Habersham streets; three hundred and sixty feet 12-inch pipe on Anderson,
between Abercorn and Drayton streets; seven hundred and twenty-four feet 12-inch pipe on Gaston, between Drayton and Whitaker streets; three
hundred and seventeen feet 15-inch pipe on
Hall, between Habersham and Lincoln streets;
one hundred and ninety feet 12-inch pipe on
Hall lane and the north side of Hall street; ninetyeight feet 8-inch pipe on Reynolds street, from
River street to ferry wharf; three hundred and
sixty-four feet 18-inch pipe on South Broad streets,
from Whitaker street to the center of Bull street;
eight hundred and fifty-two feet 12-inuh pipe
on Bull street, from Hull street to Wright square;
four hundred feet 12-inch pipe on Bryan street,
from Drayton to west side of Bull street; one hundred and twenty-five feet 12-inch pipe on McDonough, between Drayton and Bull street; three
hundred and forty feet 12-inch pipe on Bull
street, from Duffy to south side Henry street;
seven hundred and sixty-five feet of 12-inch pipe
Jefferson, from Duffy to Anderson street; two
hundred and eighty-two feet 12-inch pipe on
West Broad, from Henry to Anderson street; seven
hundred and sixty-five feet 10-inch pipe to connect forty-seven catch basins, built in the following places:
7O MAYOR'S ANNUAL HEPORT.
CATCH BASINS.
OQ Lumber, between Zubly and Margaret streets. 1
On northeastern and southwestern corners of
Habersham and State streets....................... 2
On northeastern, northwestern and southwestern
corners of Bull and Gaston streets............... 8
East side of East Broad street, foot of Jones
street..................................................... 1
On east side of East Broad street, foot of Charlton street ..... ......................................... 1
On northwestern corner of Hall and Abercorn
streets.................................................... 1
On corners of Hall and Lincoln streets ............ 4
On corners of Hall and Habersham streets ....... 4
On southeastern and southwestern corners of
Bull and Perry streets............................... 2
On northeastern and southeastern corners of
Bull and MeDonough streets....................... 2
On northeastern and northwestern corners of
Bull and Hull streets..... .......................... 2
On corners of Bull and South Broad streets...... 4
On east side of Bull, on South Broad street...... 1
On southeastern and southwestern corners of
Bull and York streets................................ 2
On northeastern and northwestern corners of
Bull and Bryan streets.......................... ... 2
On northwestern corner of Bull and St. Julian
streets ................................................... 1
On east side of Farm, north of William street... 1
On corners of Bull and Henry streets.............. 4
On northeastern and southwestern corners of
Barnard and Henry streets ........................ 2
On southeastern and southwestern corners of
Jefferson and Henry streets........................ 2
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 71
On southeastern and southwestern corners of
West Broad and Henry streets.................... 2
On southeastern corner of Montgomery and
Henry streets.............. ........................ 1
On eastern and southwestern side of Wright
Square................................................... 2
Total..................................................47
Six catch basins have been moved
At northwestern corner of Montgomery and
Hall streets..................... ....................... 1
At northeastern and southwestern corners of
Bull street and Perry lane.......................... 2
At northeastern and southeastern corners of
Bull and St. Julian streets........ ................. 2
At southwestern corner of Bull and St. Julian
streets ................................................... 1
Total.................................................. 6
Breaks have occurred in the sewers at the following named places, all of which have been repaired :
Whitaker street and York lane.
Whitaker street and St. Julian street.
Hall street and Abercorn street.
Broughton street and Drayton street.
New Houston and Abercorn streets.
South Broad lane, between Jefferson and Barnard
streets.
River street, west of Bull street.
Perry lane and Randolph streettwice.
Whitaker and Dufty streets.
Whitaker and Macon streets.
Barnard and Charlton streets.
Bay lane, between Bull and Whitaker streets.
72 MAVOR'8 ANNUAL REPORT.
McDonough and Drayton streets.
Drayton and Broughton streets.
Drayton and Duffy streets.
The following sewers and catch basin connections have been cleaned, to wit:
On Barnard, between Charlton street lane and
Huntingdon street.
On Wayne, between Barnard and Jefferson
streets.
Catch basin pipe connectionCorner Congress
lane and Montgomery street and corner Bull and
Liberty streets.
PAVING.
The contract for paving that portion of Bull
street to the north side of Liberty, to the south
side of State street, with sheet asphalt, has been
awarded to the Warren Scharf Paving Company,
and they are now at work on their contract, the
asphalt having been laid as far north as York
street. The contract for continuing the asphaltic
paving on Bull street as far north as the south side
of Bay street (with the exception of that part
already paved with asphalt) has also been awarded
to the same paving company, and they are now
making preparations to comply with the terms of
their contract.
A roadway forty-five feet in width has been
paved with granite blocks from Wheaton to south
side of Jones street on East Broad. Total number
of square yards, 9,190.
The intersections of the following streets and
lanes in East Broad have been paved with cobble
stones:
1
MAYOR'8 ANNUAL REPORT. 73
West side of East Broad across Jones
street ............... .................... 80 sq. yds.
South side of Jones across East
Broad street..................... ..... 69 "
Charlton street and lane.. ........ 32" "
Harris street and lane.................. 41 " "
Perry street and lane.................. 68 " "
McDonough street....................... 68" "
Hull street................................ 18 "
Wheaton street............ .............. 60 "
Total................................. 436 " "
A backing of cobble stones to the asphalt pavement on Bull street has been laid at the following
street intersections :
Perry street and lane .................. 72 sq. yds.
McDonough street................ .... . 73 " "
Hull street................................ 30" "
South Broad street and lane........... 116"
York street and lane.................... 72"
President street.......................... 57"
State street................................ 30 "
St. Julian street.......................... 73"
Bryan street............................... 30 " "
Bay lane................................... 30" "
Bay street on Bull...................... 30"
Total........................ ........ 613 "
Ci
The following streets have been relaid or repaired with cobble stones :
Abercorn street slip..................... 150 sq. yds.
Barnard street........................... 850"
Bay street................................. 875"
Bay lane .................................. 42 " "
74 MAYOR'S ANTSTUAL REPORT.
East Broad street........................ 800 sq, yds.
West Broad street........................ 650"
Broughton lane...... ................... 25 " "
Bryan street.............................. 211"
Congress lane.................... ........ 200 " "
Drayton street........................... 4,957 " "
Gaston street (gate ways).............. 59" "
Jefferson street........................... 164 "
Liberty street, between R. R. tracks 200 "
Randolph street... ..................... 250"
Reynolds street.......................... 20 "
Whitaker street.......................... 2,872 "
Total.................... ............ 12,325 " "
GUTTERS.
Gutters have been paved on the following streets
Broughton street east of East Broad
street .................................... 8 sq. yds
Jefferson and Bay streets...... ....... 10 " "
St. Julian west of Barnard street.... 186"
Bryan west of Barnard street......... 137 " '
Bull street around Johnson's
square........ .......................... 185"
Henry and Abercorn streets.... ..... 100 " "
Charlton and Price streets............ 10"
Henry and Lincoln streets............ 100" "
State and Habersharn streets......... 26"
Henry and Habersham streets....... 100" "
Henry and Price streets......... ..... 50"
Bull and Gaston streets.............. . 73
Howard and Gaston streets........... 26 "
Barnard and Gaston streets.......... 100
Tatnall and Gaston streets............ 30
 tt
It
It it
It It
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 75
Drayton and Gaston streets...... ... 45sq. yfls.
Abercorn and Gaston streets......... 102 " "
Lincoln and Gaston streets............. 66 " "
Habersham and Gaston streets....... 50" "
Reynold street at ferry wharf........ 84 " "
McDonough street between East
Boundary and East Broad streets 120 " "
Hall and Howard streets.............. 53"
Hall and Drayton streets.............. 23 " "
Hall and Montgomery streets........ 30
Jefferson street and Broughton lane, 30
li .4
II II
Total................................ 1,744" "
CROSSINGS.
In various parts of the city 130 new crossings
have been made:
70 being laid with flag footways..... 2,225 sq. yds.
42 plank footways....................... 1,335 "
18 cobble stone footways............... 572" '
And 281 crossings have been repaired or relaid ....................... 3,912" "
Total................................. 8,044 " "
CURBING.
Granite curbing has been laid as follows :
On Bull from Bay to Congress and
from Liberty to State street ......... 4,445 lin. ft.
On Bryan from cast side of Bull to
Whitaker street ........................ 503 " "
On St. Julian from Drayton to Whitaker streets............... .............. 540 " '
76 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
On East Broad from Wheaton to
Jones streets............................. 3,111 lin. ft.
On Henry from Price to Cemetery
streets'.......................... .......... 8,535" "
On Gaston from Price to Tatnall
streets..................................... 5,228" "
On Hall from Price to West Broad
streets..................................... 5,407" "
On Jones from Abercorn to Tatnall
streets............ .................. ..... 3,080 " "
Retaining curbing has been laid on
Bull street from Liberty to State
and from Bryan to Bay street...... 1,005" "
Total...... ..............................31,854 " "
RECAPITULATION.
The following amount of new pavement has
been laid:
Sheet asphalt............................. 8,983 sq. yds.
Granite blocks........................... 9,190"
Cobblestone.............................. 2,793 " "
Xe\v crossings............................ 4,132" "
Old crossings relaid or repaired...... 39,12" "
Relaying or repairing streets already
paved'.................................... 12,325 " "
Total................................. 41,335
Total number linear feet granite cui'bing
laid ........................... ....................31,854
Total number linear feet sewer pipe laid..... 7,542
" " catch basins built............... 47
The following streets have been paved with
oyster shells:
Henrv street from Price to Cemeterv street.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 77
Gaston street from Price to Tatnall street.
Hall street from Price to West Broad street.
The following streets have been graded:
Gwinnett street between Whitaker and Tatnall
streets.
(The property owners on Gwinnett street between Whitaker and Tatnall streets have laid a
granite curbing at their own expense.)
Davis from Price to East Broad streets.
Hartridge from Price to East Broad streets.
New Houston west of Whitaker street.
Walburg between Abercorn and Lincoln streets.
William from West Broad to Farm streets.
Margaret from West Broad to Farm streets.
Abercorn from Bay to Bryan streets.
Bryan from Abercorn to Drayton streets.
St. Julian from Drayton to Abercorn streets.
The heavy rain of August 28 did considerable
damage in Jones between Purse and West Boundary streets, in Walker from Purse to West Boundary streets, in Simms from Purse to West Boundary streets, in Cohen from Purse to West Boundary streets, the Louisville road between the Ogeechee canal and Musgrove creek, Gwinnett street,
from West Boundary street to Musgrove creek,
West Boundary street, south of Railroad street,
Zubly, Pine and Harrison streets, Bay street (near
Ogeechee canal), eastern end of South Broad street,
eastern end of President street, Cleburn and Clifford streets, and necessitated the emplo3?ment of a
portion of the city forces for several weeks in repairing same.
The accumulation of ashes, cinders and other
debris in the lanes, makes it requisite that they
78 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
should be graded at least twice a year, which has
been done.
The growth of grass and weeds, and the collection of sand in the water ways of the streets require a portion of the street hands to be continually employed in keeping them open and unobstructed.
Five men and two teams have been continually
employed keeping the asphalt pavements clean;
the other paved streets have been cleaned several
times during the year.
PLANK ROADS AND BRIDGES.
The plank road on St. Julian street between
Randolph street and Bilbo canal has been repaired
at various times during the year. This portion of
this street is much used and should be paved.
Bridges over the street gutters have been put
down during the year, as follows:
January ...................................... 11
Febr u ary...................................... 8
March..'....................................... 13
April...... ................................. 9
May ........................................... 10
June...... .................................... 13
July............................................ 11
August .................... .................. 7
September.................................... 12
October ...................................... 11
November ........................ ........... 9
December.................................... 8
Repaired ..................................... 52
Total..................... ..... ........174
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 79
A new bridge has been built across1 Lamar's
Creek on St. Julian street, and one across the center
ditch of Springfield plantation on Gwinnett street.
Rebuilt a portion of the bridge across the Ogeechee canal at foot of River street and repaired the
one across the canal on Bay street; also repaired
the bridge across the Ogeechee canal at the Brickyard and built a small bridge on Stiles avenue.
One hundred trees have been planted on Bay,
Liberty and South Broad streets. The removal
of dead trees was started in November and is still
in progress.
During the year 117 tons of cobble stones, fifteen
thousand granite blocks and two thousand linear
feet of blue stone flags (for crossings) have been
purchased.
Six wells have been filled in.
SIDEWALKS.
The contract for paving the sidewalks having
been awarded to Martin Cooley, Esq., he has laid
453 separate walks, aggregating 41,378 square
yards.
16 sidewalks have been repaired.
129 sewer connections have been made.
There is due this department about $13,000 for
paving, &c., on Hall, Henry and Jones streets,
which (not having been paid by the end of the
year) when paid, will reduce the apparent expenditures by that amount.
DRAINAGE.
The work of raising the banks on Hutchinson's
Island was continued until the 9th of January.
SO MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPOKT.
The ditches on Springfield plantation, around
old cotton factory, to Brownsville, as far as the
2-mile stone on the Ogeechee road, on Spring
street, around the powder magazine, a ditch running three-fourths of a mile west of Magazine
street, on the Louisville road and the sand traps
on that road, around the convict camp, through
Goodwill's pasture and on to the river have all
been cleaned out four to five times during the
year. The open Screven sewer has been cleaned
and the sand traps along its line have been relieved of the sand several times. The plank lining on the bottom and sides, of 2-inch plank, has
been renewed from Gwinnett street to a point
back of Laurel Grove Cemetery. The sand, which
had collected in large quantities along the banks
of this sewer, has been leveled back. The sand
traps around the old factory and on to Laurel
Grove Cemetery have been kept in order. A
box drain has been laid across the road west of
Central Railroad tracks leading to the wharves,
and another near the S. P. Shotter Co. works to
drain an ugly body of water. The tool house has
been repaired.
The brick drains and culverts running under
the Ogeechee canal, on through an open field,
then under the main lines of the Central railroad,
has had the mud, which had accumulated to a
depth of about two feet, removed; the continuation
of these drains and culverts through the Central
railroad rosin yards is an open ditch, the bottom
and sides of which, for about two feet up the
sides, is lined with plank; this was also filled with
mud about two feet deep, and has been removed.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL BEPOBT. 81
The Central Railroad Company have put in a box
drain in this line of ditch (which is known as the
Hogg sewer) under their spirit shed, the old one
being by two feet too high; the trunk taking the
drainage from the Hogg sewer had been "killed;"
this trunk has been renewed by the Central Railroad Company. In the month of June the Screven
sewer, beginning near the tool house, had become
so filled with sand that it had to be relieved;
some ten day's work was done, but scarcely enough
to meet the exigencies. The work was stopped
for prudential reasons.
A large sand trap 10x10x60 feet long had
been provided to catch the sand coming from the
sewer on West Boundary street. During October
this sand trap was repaired, a brick cesspool built
near it, so that the water can be shut off from
West Boundary street sewer and turned into a
ditch through a 12-inch pipe; 116 cubic yards of
sand was taken out of this trap; 2nO cubic yards
of sand had to be removed to get at the work of
repairs. In November the work of clearing out
the Screven sewer was resumed and continued to
the river. An accumulation of 15 inches .to 2
feet and 6 inches of sand was found all the way as
far as Bay street extension.
Musgrove creek has been deepened from the
Double trunks to the back dam and has been
raked its entire length from the Double trunks to
the back dam to remove the growth of weeds
and vines, three separate times. This creek has
had a number of obstructions, from the bottom
and sides, removed, from the bridge on Bay street
extension to where the railroad tracks cross the
82 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
creek, and numerous sand bare, sunken logs and a
wall of stone (visible at low water) removed
north of the railroad tracks. Four heavy string
logs 40 feet long each, 8 posts 8x8 inches by 23 feet
long, and 110 feet in width of 2-irich sheet piling
has been placed on either side of the bank across
the Double trunks. ' 
Sixty feet of 18-inch pipe across Bay street extension has been lowered 15 inches.
Early in September there were large pools of
water on Gwinnett street extension, between the
browditch and the hill west of the bridge over
Musgrove creek. From a sanitary point it was
deemed advisable to have these holes filled up
with earth, and although not properly belonging
to this department this was done.
On the eastern portion of the drainage in this
department three months' work was done in Bilbo
Canal, large quantities of sand being removed.
Since then this canal has been gone over three
times and sand bars and slush removed.
The water table on Twickenham plantation has
been lowered 18 inches. Four box trunks under
the Savannah and Atlantic Railway Company
have been lowered so as to conform to this grade.
A new trunk has been built and put in place at
the expense of the S., F. & W. Ry. Co. in Bradleys
creek, the principal part of the work having been
done by the citythe Railway Company paying
for the same and assuming all responsibility. A
new trunk lias been needed in this place for years.
All the ditches leading to this trunk have been
deepened and the improvement in the surrounding fields is very great. A new trunk 2x4 feet
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 83
opening has been placed in the Perry lane canal
at its junction with Bilbo canal. Perry lane
canal has been cleaned out four times. Two-inch
sheet piling, 6x12 inches, string pieces held in
place by 8x8-inch posts, has been driven a
distance of 55 feet from the mouth of brick sewer
and extending on the north side of this canal to
prevent the sand, which is washed down from
Perry lane, going into the canal. Another new
trunk has been put in leading into Bilbo canal
north of Gwinnett street.
A box drain 12x12 inches by 110 feet long has
been laid on south side of Gwinnett street, west of
Bilbo canal, and the old box removed. New 18-inch
pipe has been laid under the Coast Line railroad
track on Bolton street. The old pipes were stopped
up by upwards of fifty old tin cans which caused
them to burst. Iron gratings are now over the
mouth of pipes. A 12-inch pipe on Lover's lane
was also stopped up with tin cans; much of the
pipe had to be taken up to find the stoppages.
The pipe was relaid.
The DeRenne canal was thoroughly cleaned out
from where the 6th street ditch flows into it, to its
intersection with the Casey canal. This was made
necessary to get rid of the water in that section.
All the ditches through the Lamar fields, under
the hill from St. Julian street to Wheaton street,
on Gwinnett street near Bilbo canal, eastern end
of Anderson street, on Price street, both sides of
S., F. & W. Ry., Lover's lane and streets south of
Lovers lane, from Lovers lane to Bolton street, east
of Water's road from Wheaton street to Bolton
street, west of Water's road between 6th street and
84 MAYOR'S ANN UAL REPORT.
Estill avenue, and east of Water's road from the
Bee road south have been cleaned out three to
four times, and the ditches on Twickenham
plantation three times.
The 6th street ditch from Reynold street to a
point 1,600 feet from Water's road has been deepened 3 feet, 6 inches to 4 feet, a distance of
1,700 feet. A ditch 1,025 feet long has been cut
on Reynolds street, starting at the 6th street ditch
and ending at a low place on said street. The
greater portion of the way the cut was 9 feet deep.
In this ditch a box drain 12x15 inches (inside
measurement) has been placed, and covered for a
distance of 950 feet.
Since this was done another box drain 8x8
inches (inside measurement) 960 feet long has
been laid from another low place and connecting
with the first. The great advantage of leading
the water from Lover's lane and vicinity, south
and away from the city instead of to the north
and into Bilbo Canal, as heretofore is evident.
A box drain has been placed at the junction of
Lover's lane and Waters road.
A neat and substantial tool house has been
built on the city lot east of Bilbo Canal on Gwin-
 nett street.
A low place on Waters road, near Bee road,
about 30x80 feet has been filled in with earth.
The numerous sand traps on Waters road, from
Wheaton street to Estill avenue, have received
proper attention after each heavy rain.
There are 34 miles of ditches and canals in
this department to be kept in order.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 86
On Hutchinson's Island six miles of ditches and
eight hundred feet of canals has been opened to
an average depth of 3 feet, the work done without expense to the city.
A new bridge over Bilbo Canal at the foot of
Perry lane extension has been built.
DOCKS AND WHARVES.
The wharf at foot of Barnard street has been repaired. Some repairs were done at the slip at
Exchange dock.
The basin at the foot of West Broad street has
been cleaned out several times.
I am very respectfully,
W. J. WINN,
Oity Engineer.
80 MAYOR'S A NNUA L BEPO BT.
REPORT OF CHIEF ENGINEER SAVANNAH FIRE
DEPARTMENT.
SAVANNAH FIRE DEPARTMENT,
OFFICE OF CHIEF ENGINEER,
SAVANNAH, GA., Jan. 1st, 1892.
Hon. John J. McDonnugh, Mayor City Savannah :
DEAR SIRI have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of the Fire Department for the year ending December 31st, 1891.
with several tables and statements compiled from
the statistics of this office.
I trust that the information contained therein
will be of service to you in many ways, the figures
given here are as accurate as our system of compilation will admit, and they can be accepted as absolutely correct, except in cases where I have otherwise specified.
FORCE.
On December 31st, 1890, the force of this department consisted of forty-seven men, as follows :
1 Chief Fireman.
1 Assistant Chief Fireman.
1 Superintendent Fire Alarm.
5 Foremen.
5 Engineers.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 87
14 Drivers.
,. 2 Tillermen.
1 Operator of Chemical.
15 Hosemen.
2 Laddermen.
47
On January 7th, 1891, Council re-elected Wm.
B. Puder, Chief Engineer, and George Mouro Assistant Chief Engineer of this department.
During the year and as authorized by His
Honor, the Mayor, the force was increased by an
addition of four men.
The auxiliary forces connected with Hose Company No. 1, and Engine Company No. 5, as referred to in my last annual report, continue to
serve, without compensation, at fires in their respective sections.
On February 14th, W. D. Claiborne Avas appointed Superintendent of Fire Alarm, vice
Thomas P. Kecks,. Superintendent of the Brush
Electric Light and Power Company, who had been
temporarily performing the duties of the office.
Seven resignations were received and accepted
(4 hosemen, 2 engineers, and 1 foreman).
March 2d, Foreman M. Hanly, of Engine Company No. 2, resigned, and John F. Cullum was appointed foreman. Foreman John J. Connolly was
transferred to Engine Company No. 2, and the
newly appointed foreman took his place at Engine
Company No. 3. On August 5th, Jeremiah
Murphy was appointed Foreman of Chemical Company No. 1.
88 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
It was found necessary in the interest of discipline to cause five dismissals, and for incompetency
two dismissals.
The following lists showing the names and rank
of memberson December 31st, 1891, is respectfully
submitted :
OFFICERS.
William B. Puder, Chief Engineer.
George Mouro, Assistant Chief Engineer.
W. D. Claiborne, Superintendent Fire Alarm.
P. J. Connors, Foreman Company No. 1.
J. J. Connolly, Foreman Company No. 2.
J. F. Cullum, Foreman Company No. 3.
C. C. Steinberg, Foreman Company No. 4.
A. J. Toshack, Foreman Hook and Ladder Company No. 1.
J. Murphy, Foreman Chemical Company No. 1.
ENGINE COMPANY NO. 1.
20 Broughton Street.
The engine of this company is a third size, double
piston La France engine, 7i inches in diameter of
cylinder, 8 inch stroke, and 4i inches in diameter
of pumps. Capacity, 650 gallons per minute.
Placed in service in August, 1887. Weighs 8,600
pounds.
The quarters of this company consist of a twostory brick building, No. 20 Broughton street, between Houston and Price streets, which is the
property of the department, and is in very good
condition.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
FORCE.
80
BADGE
1
2
8
4
6
NAME.
P. J. Connors.......
H.Elllott_............
Terance Bennett.
John Carrick........
Gteo. Fontan. ........
Hngh Larktn......
CbM. Egense.......
BANK.
Foreman............
Engineer ...........
Driver Engine..
" Reel......
u
4i
AGE.
48
31
SI
m
88
81
26
EXPEBIKNCB IN
SERVICE
26Yevs.
7 "
 
a "
16 "
12 "
8 "
SALARY.
78000
1,00000
720 OU
66000
66000
66000
66000
FORMER
OCCUPATION.
Moulder.
Machinist.
Hostler.
Stevedore.
Moulder.
*
The company has charge of the following property : Three horses and swinging harness complete, 1 two-wheeled one-horse hose reel, built in
1875, with 600 feet of new 2J inch rubber hose ;
electric trips and alarm gongs complete; 1 improved heater and attachments; beds and bedding,
together with numerous other items, such as supplies of coal, feed, tools, etc., etc. The total value
of which is approximated at $15,685.
ENGINE COMPANY NO. 2.
Corner West Broad and Olive Streets.
The engine of this company is a second size, single piston Amoskeag engine, 8i inches in diameter
of cylinder, 12 inch stroke, 4i inches in diameter
of pumps; capacity, 350 gallons per minute ; built
in 1862 for the United States Government and
stationed at Hilton Head, S. C., purchased by the
Germania Fire Company No. 10 in 1866, and sold
to the City of Savannah in 1875. Rebuilt by the
La France Engine Company in 1885. Nearly 30
years old, but in good condition. Weighs 6,700
pounds.
eo MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
The quarters occupied by this company is a twostory frame building on the corner of West Broad
and Olive streets, owned by E. A. Smith, Esq., and
held under lease expiring January, 1894, the building is old and poorly adapted for an engine house,
and is now in need of repairs.
FORCE.
BADGE
6
7
8
0
10
NAME. BANK.
John J. Connolly.
J. V. Bordnave....
Wm. J. Cleary_...
W. K. Corbett......
Thos. Walsh.........
Chris. Ru<well......
Jag. Fergnson......
Engineer ........._
Driver Engine..
" Reel......
Hoseman ...........
u
AOB.
43
47
S3
27
25
49
48
EXPERIENCE IN
SBRVJCE
26 Years.
25 
8 "
2 " .
lyrZm
4 Years.
20 "
SAI,-
ABY.
78000
1,00000
66000
660 CO
66000
66000
60000
FORMER
OCCUPATION.
Painter.
Engineer.
Hostler.
Horseshoer.
Sailor.
Car Inspec'r
Sailor.
This company has charge of the following property : Three horses and swinging harness complete, 1 two-wheeled one-horse hose reel, built in
1875, with 600 feet of new hose, 2i inch rubber,
electric trips and alarm gongs complete, 1 improved
heater and attachments, beds and bedding, and
numerous other items, the approximate value of
which is $6,435.
ENGINE COMPANY NO. 3.
Corner Abe rcorn and South Broad (Headquarters).
The engine of this company is a fifth size, single
piston, La France engine, 83 inches in diameter of
cylinder, 8 inch stroke, 5 inches in diameter of
pump, built in 1889, and weighs 6,700 pounds.
Capacity, 350 gallons per minute.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 91
The quarters of this company is in the east wing
of the headquarters building, and is one story in
height, the sleeping quarters of the force is in the
second floor of the main building, all of which is
owned by the department.
FORCE.
BADGE
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
NAME.
Jno. F. Cullum....
W. B. living........
R. A. Glow.... __
Jas. Craggs....... 
Wm. J. Cotter......
J. E. Campos, Jr..
Thos. Lovett........
Con. Gaffhey ........
BANK.
Foreman..........
Driver Engine.
" Reel......
Hoseman... ........
u
44
*'
tt
u

a
27
30
30
32
38
31
24
23
25
28
EXPERIENCE IK
SERVICE.
11 Years.
8 "
7 "
11 "
6 "
4 "
\% "
I* "
6 "
4 months.
SAI.A-
" Br.
78000
1,00000
66000
66000
660 CO
66003
60000
66000
60000
800 CO
FORMER
OCCUPATION..
Clerk.
Engineer.
Moulder.
Hostler.
Engineer.
Clerk.
Moulder.
Clerk.
Wheelwright.
Switchman.
This company has charge of the following property : Seven horses, 2 sets swinging harness complete, 1 four-wheeled two-horse hose reel with 1,200
feet of 2i inch rubber hose, built in 1885and considerably worn, 1 four-wheeled two-horse hose
wagon with 1.000 feet of 2J inch rubber hose, 1
large four-wheeled two-horse wagon, 1 dump cart,
1 four-wheeled one-horse buggy (Chief's), 1 twowheeled gig (Assistant Chiefs), electric trips and
fire alarm gongs complete with indicator, 1 improved heater and attachments, tools, supplies,
and other property, the total value of which is
approximated at $31,565.00.
92 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
ENGINE COMPANY NO. 4.
144 Barnard Street.
The engine of this company is a sixth size
Rotary La France engine. Capacity 375 gallons
per minute, and weighs 6,500 pounds.
The quarters of this company is a two-story brick
building, fronting on Barnard just south of Hall
street, and is owned by the department, having
been built for the purpose for which it is now used.
FORCE.
BADGE
............
ia
23
21
22
NAME.
C. C. Stelnberg.....
J. M. Doyle..........
W. W.Prlngle.
H. Corley _..... __
Lee PlaUhek _ ...
J. E. Lenzer.
BANK.
Foreman...........
Engineer... __ .
Driver Engine.
 Reel.
u
AGE.
43
43
31
81
26
24
EXPERIENCE IK
SEKVICE
16 Years.
1 "
6 "
8 "
6 "
1% "
BA . i FORMER
*VT OC"CPAAKY- ; TION.
1
78000 MachlnUt.
1,00000!
66000 Painter.
860 00 'Carpenter.
66000 Clerk.
680 00 Clgarmaker
This company has charge of property as follows:
Three horses and swinging harness complete, 1 twowheeled one-horse hose reel with 600 feet of 2i
inch rubber hose, electric trips and alarm gongs
complete, 1 improved heater and attachments, bed
and bedding, supplies, tools, etc., etc. The approximate value of which is $ 14,200.
ENGINE COMPANY NO. 5.
Ill Henry Street.
The engine of this company is a third size, single
piston, Jeffers engine, 9 inches in diameter of
cylinder, 7i inch stroke, 54 inches in diameter of
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 93
pump, placed in service in 1866, was rebuilt by
the La France Engine Company in 1884, weighs
6,300 pounds. Capacity, 300 gallons per minute.
The quarters of the company is a two-story brick
building, situated on Henry street, between Drayton and Bull streets, and is owned by the department, having been built for the purpose for which
it is used.
FORCE.
BAJM3K
25
26
83
NAME.
B. MonaghaD.......
A. P. McFarland.
Frank Harris......
F. E. O'Lynn.......
BANK.
Engineer ...........
Driver Engine.
" Reel......
AGE.
40
31
86
81
KXPKRI-
*NCB III
8KBVICK
7 Year*.
11 "
8 "
8 "
SALARY.
1,00000
66000
66000
60000
FORMER oectTPATIOH.
Marine En'r
Carpenter.
Clgarmaker
Laborer.
Auxilliary force of 15 men.
This company has charge of the following property : Three horses and swinging harness complete, 1 two-wheeled one-horse hose reel, with 650
feet of 2i inch rubber hose, electric trips and alarm
gong complete, 1 improved heater and attachments, tools, beds and bedding, supplies, etc., etc.,
the approximated value of which is $12,580.
CHEMICAL COMPANY NO. 1.
Corner South Broad and AbercornHeadquarters.
The engine of this company is a double tank
Holloway Chemical Engine, each tank having a
capacity of 85 gallons. This apparatus was built
in 1890, and weighs 6,300 pounds when charged
for fire service.
94 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
The quarters of this company is the west side
of the Headquarters building proper, the lower
floor of which is divided with Engine Company
No' 3 reel. The building is owned by the department and is in first class order.
FORCE.
BADGE
31
32
37
NAME.
J. Murphy............
P.O'Mell... __ ......
L. Treboney.. .......
J. J. Bnckley........
BANK.
Operator..... _ ...
Driver...............
Hoseman ...........
AOE.
41
28
24
24
KXPKBIENCB IS
SERVICE
2 Yean.
10 "
3 "
1 "
SAI>
AY.
72000
61000
66000
FOBMKK
OCCUPATION.
Fireman.
Machinist.
Batcher.
600 00 Carpenter.
This company has charge of 2 horses and swinging harness, supply of charging ingredients and
other miscellaneous items, the value of which is
approximated at $2,575.00.
HOOK AND LADDER COMPANY NO. 1.
Corner South Broad and Abercorn StreetsHeadquarters.
The truck of this company in a Hayes Aerial
Extension, which was placed in service on February 10, 1890.
The quarters of this company is in the west
wing of the Headquarters building, which is
owned by the department as previously reported in
this report.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
FORCE.
BADOK
27
28
29
30
34
NAME.
A. J.Toshacb......
Tnos. Brady...  .
BANK.
Driver ... _ .......
A. J. Klernan...... Tlllerman .........
A. O. WlIimaB..,..
Jos. O'Donovan...
D. Mnrpby.... 
Ladder-man ......

**
AGE.
83
46
30
25
24
40
EXPERIENCE IS?
SKBVICE
6 Years.
6 "
12 "
2 "
IX "
IX 
SALARY.
78000
68000
66000
66000
66000
66000
FORMER
OCCUPATION.
Sailor.
Hostler.
Printer.
Sailor.
Clerk.
Stevedore.
This company has charge of the following property : Two horses and swinging harness complete,
electric trips, etc., various supplies, feed, etc., etc.,
the approximate value of which is $9,750.00.
HOOK AND LADDER COMPANY NO. 2.
144 Barnard Street.
The truck of this company is a Leverett pattern,
built in 1874, in good condition; quartered with
Engine Company No. 4, the foreman of which has
charge of this company also.
FORCE.
BADGE
21
21
35
NAME.
Qeo. Donnelly......
J. F. Strobbert.....
Jeremiah Hardee
RANK.
THlerman..........
Ladderman.......
AGE.
38
31
45
EXPERIENCE IN
SERVICE
2 Years.
10 "
1 '
SALARY.
66000
66000
60000
FORMKR
OCCUPATION.
Hostler.
Tinner.
Engineer.
This company has in charge 2 horses and swinging harness complete, together with other miscellaneous property, approximated value of which is
$1,650.00.
06 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
HOSE COMPANY NO. 1.
Waldburg Street near Price Street.
The apparatus of this company consists of 1 onehorse hose reel with 600 feet of 2i-ineh rubber
hose.
The quarters consist of a one-story frame building which is owned by the department having
been built for the purpose for which it is used.
At this station there is only one man, who
drives the apparatus to the fires to be handled by
the auxiliary force, which has been previously referred to in this report.
FORCE.
BADGE KAMK.
I
36 jjno H Gay
BANK.
nrlvor .........
I 1
AGK.
88
XXPZBIBHCB IK
SEBVICK
10 Year*.
SALART.
08000
FORKKR
OCCUPATION.
Electrician.
Auxiliary force of 10 men.
This company has charge of the following property : One horse and swinging harness complete,
2 two-wheeled one-horse hose reels, too heavy for
service; 1 old second-size Jeffers engine, built in
1868, entirely worthless as an engine; 1 fourwheeled one-horse hose reel, too old and worn to be
repaired; feed and miscellaneous other property,
the approximate value of which is $2,650.
ESTIMATED VALUE OP DEPARTMENT.
Including Apparatus, Buildings, Stock, Supplies,
Etc., Etc.
Engine Company No. 1..... ..............$ 15,685 00
Engine Company No. 2.................... 6,435 00
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 97
Engine Company No. 3.................... 31,565 00
Engine Company No. 4................... 14.200 00
Engine Company No. 5........ ........... 12,580 00
Chemical Company No. 1................. 2,575 00
Hook and Ladder Company No. 1...... 9,750 00
Hook and Ladder Company No. 2...... 1,650 00
Hose Company No. 1................. ..... 2,65000
Total............... ... .. .. .........$ 97,090 00
Estimated Value of Fire Alarm Telegraph......... ...............................$ 15,200 00
Total Estimate............ ... ......$112,290 00
EXPENSES.
Compared with the previous year the expenses
have been
FOB MAINTENANCE.
PAID FOB.
Pay rolls to Nov. 30th..............
Brush Electric Light Co., services of Electrician .....................
Rent quarters for Engine Co.
No. 2..........................................
Harness and repairs to same......
Kepalrs to apparatus, horseshoeing, etc............... ................
Waste, oil, toolsand incidentals
Lumber and sawdust..................
Blankets and bedding for employes __..___.................
Gas consumed..........................
Medicine and treatment of
horses.....................................
Coal and wood.........................
Printing and stationery..........
Foraice, corn and oats..............
Uniforms, sh irts, etc..._........
Extra labor at flres.....................
Repairs to flie alarm, etc., including telephone rent........
Totai....................._............. S 44,56188 8 47,101 87
1890.
31,21556$
30000
31999,
60305
1,041 02
1.68187
25S20
24787
21654
10955
63985
10485
2.416 32
2,97112
2,52809
1891.
36,24718
26250
SB 33
29326
1,114 fiO
3,45277
41741
8948
197 ID
23574
66075
8628
2,89066
91081
f 5,03162
Increase. I Decrease.
8750
1331'.
26079
l 73 58 .
1,760 90'!......,......,...
151)21 ..................
198 39
1U44
12619'.
12090.
47434 .
1857
2,62099
1,61528
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
FOR IMPROVEMENTS.
PAID TOR.
La France. 5th size Engine........
Hollo way Chemical Engine.......
Kcw hose
1880.
f 1.97500
6,49127
8.20UOO
250000
1,71000
Total .... - ... _ . t 14.87827
1891.
t
'~.'.
*
1,95000
.............
-SjSSS
4,70250
Increase.
..................
"-3JH5
..................
Decrease.
* 2600
6,49127
3^0000
2^0000
1.71U OU
9 10,11377
For maintenance..............................$47,191 87
For improvements .......................... 4,762 50
Total expenses...........................$51,954 37
The increase in pay rolls is on account of additional men, and for increase of salaries as authorized by Council.
The increase in waste, tools and incidentals was
for sliding poles and attachments.
The amount paid for services of Electrician was
incurred prior to the appointment of the Superintendent of Fire Alarm.
The increase in coal and wood is accounted for
by the addition of Engine Station No. 5.
Increase in forage, corn and oats is on account of
additional horses in service, taking the places of
sick animals.
Uniforms, shirts, etc., were furnished and paid
for from the fund authorized for that purpose.
The increase in cost of Fire Alarm was for one
new box and rent of five additional telephones.
The several decreases are the result of strict
economy on the part of the various foremen.
The budget authorized by Council for the year
was $51,000.
I
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 09
The total expenses of the department
was............................................$51,954 37
From this amount there
should be deducted the following credits, viz.:
Amount of pay rolls unpaid.^ 3 23
Pumping out Ogeechee canal 25 00
Pumping out cellar, Guckenheimer'sbuilding............ 50 00
Sale of 1 horse................... 150 00
Sale of old hose, empty barrels, feed sacks, etc.......... 319 59$ 547 82
$51,406 55
Balance in excess of budget............$ 406 55
HOSE.
On January 1st, 1891, we had in use 5,100 feet, of
which 4,150 feet were second class. During the past
year there has been added 3,000 feet, part of the
4,150 feet on hand January 1st, has given out, and
400 feet has been turned over to the Street and
Lane Committee, a number of odd lengths have
been sold, and there remains on hand at this date
3,000 feet of good hose, and about 2,400 feet that
will bear only hydrant pressure.
HORSES.
The total number of horses in service on January
1, 1891 was 27, as follows : 23 in good condition,
3 fair and 1 condemned. During the year there
were added 4 horses, 1 horse died, 1 was sold and
I was transferred to the Health Department for
100 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
pest house service. The total horses now in service are 28, as follows: 24 in good condition, 3
fair and 1 condemned.
ADDITIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS.
In February the building of the east wing of the
Headquarters building was commenced and when
it was completed the engine of Company No. 3
was located therein, the large Mogul reel taking
the place formerly occupied by the engine.
February 24, two sets of Perfection Nozzles and
holders, with one deluge set were added.
March 7, two 3-gallon fire extinguishers were
received.
April 30,1,500 feet of New York Belling Company's hose was added.
October 4, 1,500 feet of Maltese Cross Hose were
received.
During the year three additional telephones
were rented and all houses were supplied with
brass sliding poles.
CASUALITIES.
On February 11th William Cleary was badly cut
and bruised on the shin by being kicked by a
horse.
On June 24th William B. Puder severely cut
on the arm by falling glass. On the same date at
the same time P. O'Neil was badly cut on the
hand.
On October 29th Con. Gaffney had his leg
broken by a bale of cotton falling on him.
On November 21st Thomas Lovett was considerably bruised by a fall from supply cart.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 1O1
On December 2d W. W. Pringle was severely
hurt by being kicked by a horse.
On December 13th, Avhile Hook and Ladder Truck
No. 2 was answering an alarm, the pole chain
parted, apparatus collided with a telegraph pole
and one of the ladders struck one of the horses,
severely cutting him in haunch and rendering him
useless for several weeks.
FIRE ALARM TELEGRAPH.
This branch of the service has given perfect
satisfaction under the efficient management of Mr.
W. D. Claiborne. For a detailed statement I beg
to refer you to the attached report of the Superintendent of Fire Alarm.
RECOMMENDATIONS.
The want of a reserve engine compels me to renew for the third time my recommendation that
the old engine stored at Hose Station No. 1 be sold
and proceeds be devoted toward the purchase of a
new engine. Two years ago the old reserve could
be used in cases of emergency, but, notwithstanding
the many repairs that it has had and the close
attention that has been given with a view of preserving it, I can no longer use it, and I am entirely without a reserve engine. The apparatus
need to be looked over at least once every year
and I am about to take up the work now. It will
be necessary therefore to throw one engine out of
service while this work is being done, and, while I
hope that we will be fortunate, I am somewhat
apprehensive of what the result might be should
1O2 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
anything serious occur. I hope that this matter
will receive the consideration that its importance
is worthy of.
That part of the city south of the Central Railroad and west of West Broad street, known as
Robertsville is badly in need of protection, loss or
serious damage invariably results from fires in this
section, the buildings, principally dwellings, are
almost all wood, and being so distant from any of
our stations, the fire gets so much headway before
the department arrives that it is often a matter of
considerable difficulty to confine it to the starting
point. I would therefore renew my recommendation that a hose station be located at or about the
intersection of Stewart and West Broad streets.
The service rendered by the Chemical Engine
during the short while that it has been in use warrants me in saying that for small fires it has no
equal, and in places where the hydrants and water
mains are far apart, it is an excellent apparatus.
During the year we have lost considerable property
in the southern limits, from the fact that it is frequently necessary to lay many hundred feet of
hose to reach the fire, and as this section is rapidly
building up, I would recommend that a small
chemical engine be located somewhere in or near
that section.
My experience in the use of the river tow boats
on one or two occasions, impresses me with the
necessity of recommending that some step be taken
toward procuring the services of one of these boats
in case of fire on ships and river front property.
This is the third time that I have had the honor
to make this recommendation, and I trust that
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 1O3
some effort will be made in this direction as soon
as possible.
I sincerely trust and earnestly request that some
steps will be taken to regulate the stringing of
overhead wires. The many accidents noted by the
press from day to day, are calculated to make the
employes of this department extremely careful
how they come in contact with or handle electric
wires. The danger in this city is increasing daily,
and we are frequently retarded in our work by
these wires. I would be grateful for your careful
consideration of this matter, and the adoption of
such regulations as may be considered necessary for
the protection of the lives of the men in this service.
CONCLUSION.
In closing my report, I desire to return my
thanks to your Honor and the honorable Board of
Aldermen for the confidence you have shown
toward me. To the Fire Committee I wish to return my thanks for the favorable consideration
shown me.
Chief Green of the Police Department will please
accept my thanks for the valuable assistance rendered me.
To the various insurance companies I desire to
return my thanks for statistical information so
kindly given ,to me.
I commend the officers and members of the department for the faithful performance of their
duties and the strictness with which they have observed the rules.
Very respectfully,
WM. B. PUDER,
Chief Engineer.
DETAILED STATEMENT OF ALARMS AND FIRES, INSURANCE AND LOSSES, BT MONTHS, FOR TEAR 1891.
JANUARY.
sxva
Jan,
1
3
4
4
4
5
3
6
fl
7
8
8
e
9
10
19
20
20
20
21
24
26
23
1YSOI9
20
Loo,
Tel.
31
43
35
Tel.
Loo,
53
Loo.
Loc.
Tel.
I.oc.
Loo.
Loo.
04
Loo,
Loc.
Loo.
65
Tel.
LOO. Tel.
attix
2 25pm
8 15am
3 05 p m
4 30pm
0 43 p m
1 45am
2 SUpra
3 15pm
10 10 a in
in 60 a m
7 80 a m
11 60am
6 Oupm
8 15pm
6 40pm
a 12am
4 60am lOOOum
1 00pm
9 03 pm
10 15am
10 30am
2 00pm
OWN KR
Mr*. C.B. Gibbons, p...... Walthour & Rivers, agts
J. H. Helghtman ............ Walthour <fc Rivers, agts
(!. H. H. & Banking Co...
Mrs. M. Hanly.................
A. Minis...........................
Isaac Douse and others,.
H. Hessee ........................ Bethlehem Church.........
D. B. Lester .....................
Walthour i Rivers, Hgls Wallhour A Rivers, ngts
OCCUPANT
W. H. Kogeon ..............
Clar. Grant and others c
O.K. Sand 1 ford andoth'g
K. Muehlenthal...............
0. K. R. & Banking Co....
Henry Suiter, Jr........ .....
Uhas. Anderson, c,.... ......
Isaac Douse and others,.
Mrs. K. Derst .................. Bethlehem Church .........
H. W. Headlck.................
H.G. Wallhour, c...,..,.,,,
LOCATION
Liberty and E. Bound'y 2)6 Bay ...........................
252 Jelforson... ............. ..... 16U Sims ........ ...... ...... ...... Wwlnnett E. of 8..F.&W
ITOand ITOMi Gaiton........
114W Price.....,.,.,,,..,.........
193 Congress ....................
C. R. It. Yard ..................
22 Olive.............................
Now Houston le nr Bull.
8 President.,,,,.,.,..,..,........
31 Ann.............................. 210 and 212 Qwlnnett......
200 York...........................
I8B East Broad. ................. Beyond corporate limits
 Bay ..............................
U4 West Broud....... .........
HU.MHNO
Matcrinl
Hay
Wood
Wood
Wood Wood
Brick
Wood
Brick
Woort
Wood
Wood Wood
Wood Wood Wood
Wood
Brick
Wood
Wood Wood Wood
Brick Wood
Cbaracter
onwng'n Dwcl...... Dwcl......
Dwcl......
Dwcl......
Gro.-Dw
Dwel......
ar-Dw.
Box Car.
Dwel......
Dwel......
Dwcl......
Kitchen
Dwel......
sto.-Uw.
Kitchen
Church ..
Dwel ......
Bar.........
Dwel......
I
1
f
fl
1A2
2
2
3
f,
\
fl
2
2
1A
2
i''
*
*
INSURANCE
Contents
i 600
300
2,000
SOD
Out of
Bulldlcg
$ 400
1,000
1,500
Not
1,000
4,000
225
1,000
60U
1,600
1,600
1,00(1
2,800
8.000
1,500
6,000
City
500
300
300
Content*
b
$500
S300
ascerta
15000
1 50
21000
"""2500
Out of
1 50
t 3,300 S 32.W5 * 418 00
ss
Building
$ 900
100
20500
Ined
HOOD
1 50
5 00
2000
200
ioooo
2500
City
1000
* 488 50
CAUSE OF FIRE
Sparks from pipe.
Foul chimney. Sparks from chimney.
Sparks from chimney.
Unknown.
Overturned stove. Overheated stovepipe. Sparks from flour mill.
Flro Iroin locomotive.
Overheated stove. Defective stovepipe. S| urks from chimney.
Foul chimney.
Foul chimney.
Foul chimney. Supposed incendiary.
Sparks from hearth. Hporks from chimney.
Incendiary,
Unknown.
Sparks from chimney.
Sparks from chimney.
Foul stovepipe.
FEBRUARY.
xv<t
Feb.
g
7
7
14
14
22
26
26
26
27
28
11
SIGNAL
65
64
66
Loc.
Loc.
46
64
Loc.
Loc.
Loc.
a KM.
4 20pm
8 15am
3 20pm
6 15 p m
2 10pm
1 31) am
ti 40pm
655pm
7 08pm
10 16 a m
0 00 p m
OM'XEB
Thomas Oadsden............ Harriet Kurd, e ..............
A. Minis...........................
A.O. Best........................
Walthour <fe Rivers, agts
Est. Waring.....................
OCCUPANT
None ................. ..............
Mrs. H. M. Windley........
A. O. Best ........................
Mrs. J. R. Harriett .........
LydiaMitchell, c............
S. N. Grogg.......................
LOCATION
202U New Honeton. ........
260 Brynn.... .....................
180 Broughton... ...............
Bull and 12th....................
1 RA Uall
40 Roberts ........................
163 South Broad ..............
BUILDING
Material
Wood
Wood
Brick
Brick
Wood
Wood
Brick
Wood
Brick
Brick
Character
Dwel......
Dwel......
Dwel......
Sto.- Dw
Dwel ....
Dwel......
Dwel......
DwCl Dwel...... Dwel......
Stories
P
2
f.
3
3
INSURANCE
Contents
8 1,000
603
5,000
2,<XiO
'8,0
$ 11,400
Building
J 2,000
l|800
4,000
200
3,500
700
8,000
400
8,1)00
S 30,600
LOSS
Contents
$1000
Unset.
$ 100)
Building
$ ioo oo
166
350000
(360100
CAUSE OF FIRE
Foul chimney.
Incendiary.
Kalse alarm. Explosion oflamp.
Sparks from chimney.
Unknown,
foul chimney. Koul chimney.
Foul chimney.
Foul chimney.
Foul chimnsy.
MARCH.
Siva
Mnr.
1
1
5
li
6
7
8
ID
12
14
15
15
18
24
27
31
17
1VJC9IS
31
I, (HI.
Tel.
Loo.
8
14
Tel.
Loo.
(XX).
6
17
26
Tel.
65
65
Tel.
Tel.
ajtix
2 30 a m
11 40 p in
4 3D p in
11 30 a in
6 05 p m
2 50 a m
1 OOp m
6 15 p m
6 0 p m
10 2.) pin
8 05 a m
6 30pm
5 30pm
2 15 a in
7 40 p m
2 25pm
1245pm
OWNKR
L. E. McCarthy A others
Ocean H, S, Co..................
C. H. H. A Banking Co... M. Ferst's Sons A Co......
A. Moylan, ................. ......
Kstate Crohan.... ............. W. B. Pudor.....................
P. Huttlmer......... ............
J. .1. Joyce.. ...................... KstaloM. MeCabe, ,... 8. K. A W. Hallway. .. ......
Various............................
Mrs.O. Hushing........ ..... Walthour A Hlvers, Agt. A. Minis .......................
OOMJl'ANT
OcoanS, H, Co ................. C. H. H. A Hank\HK Co...
M. Fowl's Sons A Co....... MOIIKCN A West...............
Mrs. M. Sullivan....... ......
Mrs. K. Dawson...............
Mr<, D.O'Noll..... ............. li. I), Hnnklnsnn............
Miss Mary Furlong.......,,
S., F. A W. Hallway........
Mrs.O. Hushing........ ...... Mrs. M. A. Kgnn..............
Annie Gordon, c..............
LOCATION
00)4 West Boundary ........
Ocean M.S. Wharf...........
165-167 Bar.......................
105 Brouahton........... .......
8 Price ........................ ......
2Bolton.. ................. .....
88 St. Julian.....................
51U Kast Broad.. ..............
toy, Wheatoa
S., F. A W. Hy Yard........
Montgomery A Fourth...
Cllne and Burroughs......
01 Whltaker.....................
243 Huntingdon...............
nu
|
Wood
Wood
Wood
Cotton
Brick Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Brick Wood
Wood Wood Wood
Wood
Brick
Wood
r>
iCharacter 
!
Dwel......
Dwol ..... Elevator
Plati'rm
Hakory ..
Bar
Dwel......
Dwel
Dwol .....
Dwel Dwel
Dwel
Sto. Ho..
Dwel......
Dwel......
Dwel......
\ Stories
1
3*
......
ft
2
1*2
<t
Dwel...... \x
Contenis *
1M
} 10,000
2000
15,8uO
600
50,000
Not astANCK
a
2
3
a
LOSS
Contents
9 4K) -----
500
25,000
7^500
80,)
70J
l.WJ
2,500
2,000
600
2.500 o'tan'd
1,000
1,666
300
i 77.800 5 60 4Dti
'Vs'ob
12500
4550
Not"
"5"6o
12 5u
Building
$ 17 50
2:5 00
125 00
3,500 00
8 00
2000
1000
10 00
25 00
ascertnd
00000
3680
303 00 j 4.872 SO
fAlTSK OP FIRE.
Incendiary.
Unknown. Sparks fr'in locomotlv
Sparks fr'm locomotlv
Foul chimney.
Overheated range. Foul chimney.
Foul chimney. Wood from stove.
Sparks from stove. Sparks from chimney.
Konl chimney.
Defective stove pipe. Unknown.
Incendiary.
Sparks from stove.
Sparks from hearth.
APRIL.
DATE
Apr.
3
7
8
10
15
16
22
22
20
30
30
30 "Is"
2 2 tti H
12 ] 8 10pm
Loo. Ill 15am
Tel. i 9 10 a m
8 110 55 pro
Tel. 10 30 a in
66 7 57 p in
72 . 4 00 a m
Tel. 7 10 p m
7 t) 60 p m
Tel. ill 60am
Tel. I 00 a m
US 1 40 a m
45 1 15 a in
I
OWNER
Mrs. C.Xlnc.....................
Telfalr Hospital ..............
Snv, Bank & Trust Co.....
S., V. & W, By.................
HeW. J. UeUcnne ...........
Mra.B. Smith......... .........
Miss K. Mcl'ike......... .....
J. Laurence and others'*!
Miss E.McPlko.. .............
OCCUPANT
Mrs. C. SSlnn.. ...................
Nep Bryftn c
LOCATION
30^ West Broad..............
91 Kt. Haul. ...... ........
P. 1). Damn *Son.,.........'8J$ Drayton ......... .......
s.. V. & W, wharf............ S., K. A W. wharf............
SuilibH &Tl8on. ............... IKK Hiv .................. ..........
Lizzie Mltohell, c...... ......
MlBK K. McPlko..,. ...........
J. Laurence and others, c
Miss E. McPlke......... ......
Gwlnnett le nr Cuyler....
BUILPISO
Material
Brick
Krlck
Wood
Brick
Brick
Wood
Brick
Brick
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Character
Bky-Dw
Bur -Dw.
Owe!
Store......
OlHce.....
Stable ...
Glue ho.
Bftr
Office.....
Uwel... .
Uwel......
Dwel......
Stories
2
3
9
5
fl
1
2 '2
5
1
1
1
INSURANCE I.OSS
ten ConIK
3 2.UOJ
1,500
1.5UO
OiX)
OJO
? B.B5"!
5 5
? ' 
M ' 0
$ 2,000$ 25)
4.0UO ............
............ 625
1,200 2500 00
10,000 12 00
............. 150000
35 ............
1,000 250 00
42,5ft) 25 Oil
1,000: 2 25
1,200............
400 5000
1,200 200 UO
S 84,535 34547 01)
Building
*iio64 oo
500 no
S5 0) loo on
7280
50<4o
497 31
$320 i 56
CAUSE OF FIBE
I.ard boiling over.
Sparks from flour mill.
Sparks from hearth.
Spontaneous combust'n.
Unknown.
Sparks from pipe.
Hparkg from furnace.
Kxploslon of lamp.
Unknown.
Sparks in bedding.
Incendiary.
Incendiary.
Incendiary.
MAY.
DATE
May
2
4
4
8
6
(1
7
0
12
l:{
18
IK
21
21
31
10
SIGNAL
IS
Tel.
54
r,oc. LOO.
LOO.
Loo.
32
4U
Loo.
Tel.
26
28
46
Loo.
IS
TIME
10 40pm
7 55 u m 2 15 am
2 10am 12 55 a m
11 50 nm 0 48 p m
3 15 a m
705 p m 1 82am
n 10 p m 2 4)1 a m
4 58am
12 10 p m 3 25pm
11 55 p in
OWNEll
W. O. Hullooh, triiHtoo... Henrietta McClonnun, e. William Hheehan.. ..........
Estate Wylly............. ...... William H. Doonor...,.,...
Estate John Law, c. ........ A. Minis........................... Seaborn Jones & otherg.c Waltnour & Rivers, Agts
B. K. Claghorn, Agt........
OCCUPANT
Henrietta M'tilennan,c
None... .........................
H. G. Walthour c.........
Peter Mltchell, c........... Emma Morrlaon, c.......
D. singleton & others, c
P. 8. uillahan... ............
E.G. Hill.c...................
B. Coleman & Bro.........
LOCATION.
100 President ................. 8tf West Boundary...... 11 Hall, uncompleted...
15 Bolton...................
U4 West Broad.............
76J4 Montgomery.. ....... Hull and Henry.. ..........
110 West Boundary......
243 Oharlton..................
53-55W Uandolpli........... l$S Liberty.....................
205 \Voyne.....................
148 Bryan.......................
Material ^
Brick
Wood Wood
Wood
lirlnk
\\'ood
Wood
Wood
Wood Wood
Wood
Brick
Wood
Brlok
Character 
^i P
Store......
Du-et...... Dwel...... Dwel...... Dwel...... Dwei......
Out Ho.. Sto.-Uw.
|\>nn|
Dwel......
8to.-Dw.
Dwel...... Clgnr mf
1.Stories
2
2
2
2
2
1*
2
?
1
1
2
1
n
Con tenIs j 
1 H
$ 11,000
"""i',m
1,000
1,500
2,500
$ 17,000
Building |o
1 "
 7,500
2000
400
1,000
5,400
350
1,600
4UO
250
1,200
1,000
2UO
4,000
$25,200
I.os-i
ContentH
$ 2,497 77
"""'afoo
BOO 00
13675
41758
* 3.702 10
Buildiug
$ 1,303 50
3066o
10000
700
1500
200
1,00000
500
1000
500 00
10000
20000
$ 3 512 50
CAUSE OF rrnB
Unknown, Foul chimney. Supposed Incendiary. Incendiary. KxploBlon of lamp, -Sparks trom chimney. Sparks from torch. Supposed Incendiary, Kalse alarm. Incendiary. Incendiary. Overturned lamp, supposed incendiary. False alarm. Foul Chimney. Supposed incendiary.
JUNE.
DATE
June
6
IB
24
24
27
27
29
30
8
SIGNAL
Loc.
5
42
7
Loc.
9
Loc.
Loc.
B
B
3 80pm
115.5pm
3 40pm
11 40 p m
440pm
8 40pm
7 40pm
3 55pm
OWNER
Thos. Clark, agt...............
M.Dooling..... ..................
Est. Qeo. Owens...............
Est, Hetishart...,. ...... ......
Jno. Rougher ..................
H. Hurd'c........................
OCCUPAT5T
H. Wrlght, c.....................
A. K. Wilson...,......,..,,..., Cinderella Terktns, c......
Kebecca .Solomon, c ........
Kmma G&rrett, c
LOCATION
208 Taylor ........................
15 Bay ..............................
Gwlnnett ie nr Lincoln..
SKBull.............................
5JM Lumber.....................
50 Olive........................ ....
Thos. Ewart,c ................. 260 Bryan........... ...............
BtriLBISO
Material
Wood
Brick
Wood
Brick
Wood
Brick
Wood
Wood
Character
Fkwpl
Wheelw.
Dwel......
atore......
Dwel.,.,,
Bar........
Dwel......
Dwel......
Stories
I'd
J
2
2
INSXJRANCK
Contents
$ 750
1..500
'
Building
* 4X)
2,500
8,000
300
150
1,800
2,250l 15,150
LOSS
Contents
 750 00
850
20J
Building
$1000
250000
400
23000
1 00
76560! 2,765 00
CAUSE OF KBE
sparks from chimney.
Unknown.
Sparks from chimney.
Unknown.
Spai ks from cMmney.
Overturned lamp.
Clothes near fire.
Foul chimney.
JULY.
DATE
July
!a
R
5
e
H
7
7
a
15
17
20
25
29
13
SIGNAL
8
Tel.
Loo.
63

25
23
65
48
45
Loo,
2
Loo.
9
H
11 40pm
5 40 p m
4 15pm
8 30ft m
0 80pm
10 55 p m
11 55 p m
2 55am
1 85pm
1 5 a m
11 10 nm
145pm
1155am
OWXEU
Dale* Co.........................
,1. O. Butler.....................
Solomon Cohen...... .........
A, MlnlH...... ....................
Mrs. A. R. Weldner.........
Thos. Korean and others
Ii. L. Cui-swell...... ...........
Win. Christian...............
M, Feeley ......,..., ......,
Estate Klein....................
Estate Chas. Schwnrz......
OCCUPAST.
Steamer E. Q. Barker,....
Guy Wilson, e, ....... ... .,.
Mrs. K. Dawson.. .............
.T.T. FurlonR.... ................
Thos. Kergan and others
Mary Ellerbee, c..... ........
Mrs. R. Smith..................
None,......,,..... ..................
LOCATION.
Wharf, foot Barnard.. .....
S. Br'd lane, Haborsham
260 WaldburK
HMSt. Jnllan.............. ......
232-^M Charlton...............
KMn ...............................
216%sy..............................
20(lHnrr!s...,.,...,,......,.......
113H.DINO
Material
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Briok
Brick
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Character
Vessel....
Uwcl......
l>wel......
Blksmlf
Oro.-Dw
D\vcl......
Dwel......
Dwol ......
Out Ho..
Oro.-Hw
Out Ho.
Shed......
Stories
1
?,
1
1

2
2
1

INSUHANCK
Content* Building
8 500
300 l,5f.O
400
(100
1,500
$ 5no
701)
12(10
1.000
2.W.O
2,000
4110
1,000
LOCO
$ 4.800l* 0.800
MISS
Contents
$ 6U 60
K8KOO
26000
45000
aoo'iio
200
BUILDIXG
31,000 00
21 37
0000
1,200 00
400 00
U7000
20000
,
 1,740 50; 3,88l 87
CAUSE OK FIRE.
Spark from boiler rm
Koul chimney
Defective fluo.
Clothes near clove.
Unusual mnoke.
Lighted cigarette.
Explosion of lamp.
Unknown.
Unknown.
Explosion of lamp.
Explosion of lamp.
Lightning,
Sparks fr'm flour mill
AUGUST.
DATE
Aug.
1
4
14
20
2
23
21
26
SO
2
11
SIGNAL
LOO.
63
Tel.
37
Loo.
13
63
Tel.
19
46
Loo.
1
10 16 a m
2 40 p m
10 16 p m
6 45pm
8 15pm
11 50pm
5 00am
3 35pm
1 10am
11 80 a m
1 45am
OWNER
Walthour & Rivers ngts.
Mrs. S. Kehoe..................
Kslate J. Quint................
W. W. Kogers..................
Peter Reilly, agent..........
Mrs. II. 0. Paine...... ........
S. Dasher and others......
Not ascertained.
OCCUPANT LOCATION
207)4 West Broad.............
D. K. Thomas.................. G. W. K. Sanders............
Not ascertained
Wharf foot West Broad..
Bull and fith.....................
Jno Phlllins c '42 Kmrrlson... ..................
BUILDING
Material
Wood
Wood
Wood
Brick
Wood
Brick
Wond
Coal.
Biick
Wood
Brick
Character
Dwel .. ..
Dwel.....
Dwel.....
Dwel . ...
Uwel.....
Store......
Dwel Yard......
Tin Rh'p
Dwel.....
Sto.Adw
Stories
1
f
1
3
2
1
2
INSURANCE
Contents
$ 500
5.0CO
40.0UO
3,000
700
Not as
8 4fl.2ai
Building
* 150 60"
2,000
8,000
8,000
600
500
cer'ted
S 14.750
LOSS
Contents
$ 60000
17,60010
54031
5700
$18.70631
Building
S 500
500 1,500 ro
2400
1,677 50
50000
60 00
20000
200
S 3.973 50
CAUSE OF VISE
Incendiary.
Sparks from chlmn'y
Unknown.
Unknown.
Incendiary.
Unknown.
Unknown.
Spontan's combns'n.
Smoul'g fire lu fur'ct*.
Unknown,
Sp'kslrom fireplace.
SEPTEMBER0ATE
Kept.
5
6
g
13
17
20
21
21
23
26
27
27
29
80
80
go
17
SIGNAL
S
43
Tel.
41
Tel.
65
Loo.
6
63
63
31
65
Tel.
5
H
*
H
o 15pm
630am
8 25 pm
6 15pm
1 10am
8 15am
3 10 p in
1 00am
320pm
0 07pm
11 25pm
1203am
3 30am
1250am
1255am
1230pm
8 27pm
OWSEIl
E. A. Smith............ .....,
Mrs. M. McDonald, oth'B
Win. llodgersand others
Pay ne. Myers and others
Mrs. E. Nelson.................
Quokenh'mer<& S'ns oths
Mrs. W. Krlete...............
(i. Hartrldge....................
Harriet Johnson, o... ......
8, F. Klein...,,.........,......,,
John A. Douglass. ........
occm-Avr
Mrs. T. E. Stokes............
Tow boat "Maud".........,
Jos, Brown and others.,.
Wm. Fields, c, and othrs
J. W. Teeples...................
Isler, Myers and others..
Quokenh'mer&4'ns,oths
Dr. W.H.Jennlngs.........
Savannah Times, others
Jos. Johnson, c, others...
None.................................
Fred Wilson and others,
J.J. Sullivan...................
A. K. Wilson....................
LOCATION
Wharf, foot Bull........ ......
Habenham and Third...
277 Bay..................... ........
8. 10, 12 Nlchols................
Wharf, foot West Broad
2 and 1 WiHIamaon.. .......
Duffy, near West Broad..
21 Price.............................
Bay. Jefferson, Bryan...
98 Bryan...........................
Qwlnnett, near Cuyler...
Gaston, near Roberts.....
Klein and Weit Broad...
110. 112 Bryan...................
15 Bay......................... ......
HUILDING
Material
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Coal
Brick
Wood
Wood
Brick
Wood
Brick
Wood
Wood
Wood
Brick
Brick
Characler
Dwel.... .
Uwol......
Laund'y
Yard......
Store......
swks,dw
Shed......
Htores ...
Uwel......
Office.....
Dwel......
Kitchen
Wheelrt
Stories
2
2
2
1*2
24 41
S
1
1
1
1
INSURANCE
Contents
t 500
1,200
5,<X
3,000
4,500
5,500
800
82,040 1,251)
26,400
Notiis300
500
Building
$ 3,000
6,0"0
4,000
1,500
2,400
5,000
15,000
BOO
177,000
300
10,000
2,300
400
cert'nd
800
2,500
130,flflO'*22fl,500
LOSS.
COntentii
{ 4875
400 00
2,650 5
2,50000
44,040 38
70000
2,045 31
Not as-
$52,985 3D
BuildlDg
t 5000
1,40000
2.000 OJ
86600
7000
8,855 00
167,870 45
15000
1,06000
64000
200 00
certaind
500
CAfSKOFFIUr
Overturned stove
Sparks fm boiler r Unknown,
Sparks fm furnace
Unknown.
Hpon. combustion
unknown.
Fire in stable.
Spkafr'm chlmnv
M'tch.clgrtte.p rm
Explosion of lamp Suppoe'd incend'y
Suppos'd Incend'y
Incendiary.
Unknown,
D'f cti ve stove pipe
False alarm,
182,684 45>
OCTOBER.
OATH
Oct.
7
S
10
13
IS
14
15
16
20
21
24
24
24
27
27
28
28
28
28
29 ~20
SIGNAL
63
Loc.
Loc.
Tel.
Loc. 63"
LOC.
Loc.
Loc.
46
65
13
23
5
73
3
62
62
73
Loc.
TIME
3 22am
430pm
7 10pm
9 OJam
11 00pm
9 09am
fi 10pm
9 35 a in
8 05pm
1 20pm
1240am
7 05pm
8 20pm
10 10 a m
10 45 p m
2 40 a m
3 f'5 a m
3 35am
9 45pm
12 55pm
OWNER
J.8. Wood&Bro.............
Qeo. Wellbrock...............
Mrs. A. E. Kent..............
OCCOPAKT
City of Savannah............
M.lrvln.c........................
Henry Harvey, c............
Charlotte Marshall, c......
T.H. Wood* Bro............
L. Tuchmau............... ......
H. E. Matthews and oth.
Lovell&Son ............... I A. . I. Miller rn....... .........
O.K. B. and Banking Co. A Minis C. R. B. and Banking Co.
Polla.Smit.h.0 ...........
Steamship "iiendo"........ sfeamshlp "Bendo"........
Mrs. C. Werner .......... 'llftrrisnn *. Rvals.. ..........
W. H. Pendergast, & otli.
W. \V. Gordon & Co........
Mrs. H. Helrschman......
W. H. Pendergaat & oth.
O. S. Sealey .....................
W.W.Oordon&Co.others
C. H. Van Nulse..............
LOCATION
225 Bolton lane............. ...
0. S. 8. Co.'s whf ware. 4.
2 Zubly ...........................
12th...................................
C.B. H, Yard..................
SWright...........................
50 Price.............................
On Hall and onGwlnnett
212 Waldbnrg...................
War'se and whf ft Bay...
BCILDIXQ
Material
Crem
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Brick
Wood
Wood
Wood
Brick
Box
Wood
Brick
Wood
Wood
Wool
Wood
Character
Uwel......
Dwel......
Uwel...... st'e&dw
Dwel......
Dwel......
Ware'se.
Dwel......
Dwel......
Dwel......
Store......
Car.........
Dwel.,.,.
Vessel ...
Bar.........
Laund'y
Dwel....:.
Ware'se
Dwel......
Stories
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
8
2
......
1
2
1
INSURANCE
Contents.
Not as
S 5UO
'"10,060
1,200
11,000
500,000
1,500
8,500
700
25,000
500
$558.900
Building
* 200
cert'ed
510
1,500
400
4CO
SOU
2,000
7,000
235
500
200,000
1,000
42,200
l.OUO
5,000
1.000
S203.735
LOSS
Contents
t 176
1000 ' "'io'oo
528
105000
2280000
25000
102103
3474 46
600
2862762
Building
$2000 OJ
............
22000
500
2500
700
ISO 00
40000
13000
1200
780 UO
6000
5300 00
1000
400000
2-5 CO
CACHE OF FIRE
Heat from furnace.
Clothes near nre.
Koul chimney.
Sparks from lire place.
Sparks from flre place.
Children and matcher.
Foul chimney.
Unknown.
Explosion of lamp.
Sparks from chimney.
Unknown.
Unknown.
Sparks from locomotive
Sparks from chimney.
Unknown.
Supposed Incendiary.
Supposed Incendiary.
Sparks from laundry.
Unknown,
sparks from chimney
10104 no!
NOVEMBER
1
Nov.
1
2
4
5
1)
11
12
13
13
1.1
16
17
17
18
IS
IS
19
21
23
29
30
ao
30
24
SIGXAI.
14
17&20
(12
Tol.
Loo.
(13
Tel.
Loo.
Tel.
Tel.
05
Loc.
31
Tel.
LOO.
Loo.
LOO.
A
Tel,
12
Loc.
Loc.
Lac.
Loo.
TIME
1 40 a m
301am
S ao a in
0 45 p in
10 15 a m
10 30 p in
12 40 a m
11 45 a m
1 45 p in
335pm
501pm
5 50 pin
4 OS n in
g 15pm
1130am
8 20pm
10 10 p m
7 18am
030am
10 32 p in
9 10am
430pm
500pm
7 10pm
OWN Kit
H, I:, uuorard nmlothra..
Mrs. Isabella Wnples......
\Vm. Clark, o......... .........
MlssK. McSloin. ...... ...... W. J. Harty .....................
J. Sncnler and others.....
W.H. Hay... .....................
Estate Champion............ 8., F. <fc W. Ry ................ Mrs. C. Henneisy ............
B. F. Ulmer..................... Albert Hill.......................
Mrs. P. Burns..................
OCCUPANT
Mrs. K. Dawson & others
Duck worth. Turner & Co
Vlelvln Sampson, c.........
K. L. Weed and others...
Bon Qoodinun c
LOCATION
Hall anil West Broad.....
1W Bay ..............................
282 Gwlnnett....................
225Waldburg...................
21 Price.............................
227.1 ones.................. .........
Liberty 1'ne nr Abercorn
maSSJeflerson...............
Martin O'Brlon .............. iS Wafkr.......... ...............
Nono.................................
8., F.&W.Ry ..................
W, A. Bishop................... Mrs. M. Mao Gillicuddy.
A. J. Miller Co................
Thomas Bennett..............
A. Colllns, c......................
173 Bay,.... ........................
Transportation office.. ....
34 BtAte .............................
(WBryan...........................
ZoWEast Boundary,,,,.,.,,
12 Margaret......................
200 West Broad...............
88 Indian .,...........,..
nun/in NO
Material
Brick
Wood
Wood
Brick
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Brick
Brick
Wood
Wood
Wood
Character
Store.....
nwel......
Otllee .....
Dwel......
Dwel...... Dwel......
Store......
Dwol......
Dwel......
Dwol......
-Sto.-Dw.
Office....,
Dwol......
Sto.-Dw.
Dwel...... Dwel...... Store...... Dwel...... Dwel...... Dwel...... Dwel......
Stories
2
1
1
5
2
1
y*
2
2
1
2
2
2
3
2
1
3
3
1
I
2
1NMURANCI
Contents
............
$ 800
800
1,050
050
*
3,000
11,000
500
S 18,100
Building
t 1,000
1,201)
23,008
800
500
1,1100
600
2,500
uon
1,000
BOO
800
4,000
1,200
800
7,000
2,000
iiOO
300
1,000
$ 49.400
i
Contents
S
j""""8"o6
500 00
500 Ob
27 10
...............
unadj 'Bt
$ 1.08500
*
Building
J 750
1,200 lib
son
1UOO
::::'.::::::::::
2 50
1,100 00
2s ub
1,01V 6<
* 8,400 64
CAUSE OF FIHK
Fire In bedding.
D'fctlventovo plpa
Unknown.
Unknown.
Sp'kslrmflrepl'co
Supposed Inccnd'y
Foul chimney.
H'oul chimney.
SpkRfnn olilmney
Foul chimney.
Explosion of lump
Koul chimney.
Supposed Ineend'y
Hurnlng trash.
Rpurkx.st ive plpa
Konl chimney.
Defective hearth.
Unusual smoke.
Foul chimney.
Unknown.
Foul chimney.
Foul chimney.
Foul chimney.
Overturned lamp
DECEMBERDATE
Dec.
3
5
6
6
7
X
0
12
13
14
16
18
18
18
18
24
26
25
27x
20
SO
31
23
IVHOIB
23
Loo.
65
Tel.
Loc.
Loo.
Tel.
Loo.
46
13
2S
85
45
Loc.
Loc.
45
17
Loo.
Tel.
28
23467
Loe.
32
TIME
1223am
8 30pm
4 21am
2 45pm
9 10am
11 .SO a m
10 30am
8 26pm
6 26 p m
8 2rfpm
5 30pm
1 10 a in
0 20am
1 45am
7 30pm
10 29am
0 25pm
1285pm
830pm
8 35pm
6 Olpm
7 20pm
8 23pm
OWSEK
A Minis
OCCUPANT
Miss C. Wheeler, oth's.
Tl Wnllroi- f
A. Kent............................. S. B. Ryafs....... ..............
J \V TfwmlA -T \V IVftnlft
J C. Metzger .T. n M*,t.Ttrr . ........
D. Smith.......... ................
Dr. J. 0. Bulloch.. ...........
O. V. Matcher..................
Estate Waring................. Tidewater Oil Co... .......... Mrs. R. W. Russell..........
Mrs. Kate Bolans ...........
Mrs. M. H. Myers............
Peter Ott........... ...............
Kev. C. C. Pendergnst.....
S. K. & W. R'y Co............
Rebecca Curley, c..... ...... M. Boley & Son & others
Chase & Co. 's flying h'se
W.O. Ryan......... ...........
Martha Williams, c..... 8. Myers........................
None... ..........................
W. A. Jaudon....... ........ Tidewater OH Co......... C. M. Home and others T. H. Uyan....................
J. Stern...... .................... W. R. Evans.................
J. M. Harden..,. ............ Frank Mlrault, c.. ....... Annie Mltchell, a......... S., F. & W. R'y Co........
M. Boley & Son. others Chase <fc Cos. flying h'se W. O. Kyan. .................
LOCATION
ISO McDonough............
235^6 fharlton...............
1 South Montgomery...
Lane, foot Jefferson.....
O2 Farm........................ 22 Olive..........................
100 President.......... .....
148 St. Julian.................
East Broad and Hall...
Montgomery near 2d... Dufly and Lincoln......
15H Oaston. ....................
109 York........................
Sl.Dufty..........................
3 York...........................
1U6 Huntingdon............
S., v. & W. R'y yard.... 22Taylor........................
Jones near West Broad
BUILDING.
Material
Wood Wood Wood Loose
Wood Wood Wood Wood Wood Brick Iron Wood Wood Brick Wood Wood Wood Wood Wood Wood Wood Ca'v's
Wood
Character
Dwel...... Dwel...... Dwel......
straw..... Dwel...... Dwel......
Dwel...... Dwel......
Store...... Oil W'ks Dwel...... Dwel...... Dwel...... Dwel...... Dwel...... Dwel...... Dwel...... Box car,. Dwel...... Fur. ftc.
Tent ...... Dwel......
Stories
2
1
1
2
1
1
S
1
8
2
?
1
3
2
1
2
3
2*
INSUflANCE
Contents
1,000
600
600
2,'66b
In. big.
1,600 """"eiib
1,200
400
650
43,60.1
750
S 52,600
Building
2,700
300
600
1,500
200
2,000
800
9,000
26,000
4,425
1,800
1,000
2,600
150
300
235
1,300
11,800
1,800
8 68,310
LOSS
Contents
$ 8400
400 66
in. in big
77275
13500
113 00
Not ad
10275
S 1,60850
Building
$ 2525
38675
660
11175
5,60000
162395
12560
1200
200
15000
200
21000
justed.
275
1000
$ 8.338 45
CAU.5EOF FIHE
Explosion of lamp. Foul chimney. Unknown. Fire crackers. Koul chimney. Foul chimney. Unknown. Foul chimney. Unknown. Defective chimney. Unknown. Unknown. Suarks from chimney. Sparks from stove p'e. Defective hearth. Foul chimney. Supposed incendiary. Fire works. Vapor from cargo. Unknown. Unknown, Sparks from dummy. Defective flue.
FIUKS IN SUBURBS, OUT OF CITY LIMITS.
ALARMS.
I
Jan, <
21 Feb. 22
Mar. 1 21
July 11
15
Aug. 4
23
Sept. fi
13
so Oct. 2J
Dec, 6
D
13
Total 17
E
55
65
46
1,00
85
65
48
Tel
63
46
43
41
65
65
65
Tel
46
LI
3
i
0 43 p m I) 03 pm
1 80am 11 40pm
2 15 a m
255am 1 85pm 10 is p in SfOain
11 30am
8 25pm 1 10am
255am
12 40am
421am 0 80am
6 25pm
OWNER
A. O. Best ........................ M. Helneman... ...... ..,
Wm. Christian ...............
Hat. J. Quint...........,,,,..,,. A. Y. Turner.,,,.,.,.,...,,,.... 3. Dnsher and others.,..., Mrs.M, McDonald Aotli's W. Rogers and others..... S. F. Klein .. ....................
A.Kent.............................
3. Smith .......................... G.V. Hatcher........... ......
OCCDPANT
A, O.BtSt ........................
None..........,.,,,,..,,.....,....,.,
None.................................
Jog. Brown nd others.., W. Fields, e. and other*.. Fred Wilson and others.
8. B. Ryals ................ ......
G*. V, Hatcher..................
LOCATION
Owlnnolt K of S..F.& W. South of 5th st.......... ...... Bull and 12th st............... Barnard and 10th st........ Montgomery and 4th st.. Klelnst ...........................
Burroughs and ath st ,.,., Bull and Bth st................. Habersham and 3d st..... 8-10-12 Nlchols st ............ Klein and W, Broad st... 12th st......... .................... 18. Montgomery st.........
2d ave........... .....................
DUILDINO
"a
1
1
Wood Wood
Wood
Wood Wood
Wood
Wood Wood
Wood
Wood Wrod
Wood
Wood
Wood Wood
Wood
Wood
i*
1
a O
Dwcl
Dwel
Dwel
Dwel
Dwel
Dwel
Dwel
Dwel
Dwel
Dwel
Dwel
Dwel
Dwel
Dwel
Dwel
Dwel
Dwel
1
1-2
2
2~
f
2
1
1
1
1
1
INSURANCE
3
1
1
S 5,000
UOO
""""600
1.200
500
1 7,800
it
P
2
I
Not
Not
$ 3,500
600
Not
400
1,000
200
500
4.000
2,400
Not
600
800
s i$,g:o
LOSS
a
V
I
ascerla nsteria
Unset,
nseertrt
$450 (0
0000
5700
400 OU
ascerta
400 (W
...t. lltXI
$1807 CO
O
2
m
Ined
Ined $850000
22500
ined 401100
07000
150000
50000 2>10lO
20000
tOt! 00
Ined 4COOO
US675 6 6<
HI 75
1112600
CAUSK
Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown I'liknowu Unknown TTnknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown I'nknown Unknown I'nknown Unknown Unknown
The above flres ore shown In the foregoing tables under the month* In which they occurred. Ai these flres were beyond the City limits and considerable distances from the water mains and hydrants, they should not be considered In the percentage of loss, as In many instances very little could be
done by the department to check the fire.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 117
ALARMS.
MANNER OF RECEIPT.
Total.......................................
STKEETBOXBS.
Sfi
11
100
TELEPHONE.
2)
13
83
LOCAL.
31
S2
B3
TOTAL.
1S7
69
ISXi
CAUSES.
Necessary
Total .............. ..... ..................
^
E
u.
O
O
17
0
17
tf
yt
0
J
U
9
2
11
Ofc
M O
S"
m*
too
30
IS)
^
K
if.
V.
X
U
a
P
IE.
O
S2
31
K
^
J
s
b
4
4
TOTAL.
12S
68
m
ORIGIN OP FIRES.
MONTH.
April...............................................
Mtiy ........... .......................... ........
July........................ ........................
October........... ...............................
Tota!........................................
IN IIKATINO.
,6
3 O
r
a
18
0
8
1
3
a
a
I
?.
7
11
I)
09
Business Houses.
8
i
*>
1
1
1
a
i
i
IK
Other
Houses.
2
.........
1
4
2
1
10
j
1
IK
7
10
2
3
fi
4
6
10
15
10
92
IN ILLUMINATING.
?; ~ a
r
a
i
i
2
1
I
2
1
9
Business Houses.
1
1
1
1
4
Other
Houses.
1
1
2
I
g
t
O
3
1
3
1
S
1
15
t
IN MAtJllFAtTrniNfl.
.an D
r
.........
Business House".
1
1
|
3
Other
H ousts.
o
;
2
2
8
3o
H
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
11
IN MWCKLT,ANKOUS,
_,| !"
o
2
2
4
3
4
2
0
4
3
2
7
9
Business HouseR.
1
S
S
1
1
1
t
2
3
10
Other
Houses.
2
1
8
1
2
2
1
1
4
1
3
10
Total.
5

0
7
9
1
5
8
9
9
6
10
78
TOTALS.
,i
~ a "3
O
1G
0
12
5
9
5
e
7
0
11
15
17
117
Business Houses.
4
1
S
5
4
2
2
3
4
3
7
1
39
Oiher
Houses.
4
1
2
3
3
1
5
!
7
6
2
5
40
I
5
23
11
17
13
16
8
13
11
17
20
24
2S
190
00
CO
W
S
ss
ORIGIN AND CAUSES OF FIRES.
CAUSES.
MONTH.
March...... ............
April......... .........
May...... ......... ......
July......................
Total... ...............
Chimney. Foul
6
0
4
2
1
i
2
I)
5
85
Accidental.
10
2
8
5
2
8
5
2
5
fl
5
4
B5
Carelessness.
3
2
3 2
2
2
1
1
5
1
2
24
and Sup Incendiary Incendiarism. posed
?
2
3
7
"""2"
8
2
2
1
25
Building Defective
and
Construction.
1
1
1
1
2
a

co>
2
o
2
1
3
2
1
0
Not
Ascertained.
1
2
3
2
2
1
4
S
4
22
Out City. of
2
1
2
"""2"
3
3
1
8
17
"3
1
2!
11
17
13
18
8
IS
a
17
21
24
23
PREMISES WHEREIN KIRES ORIGINATED.
g
>
Dwellings.
13
8
10
S
0
5
4
4
8
10
15
14
Mercantile
Establishments.
-
4
1
1
3
3
tj
2
2
1
3
5
1
IDflH ]<l 28
Factories,
Work' bops, eic.
1
2
1
i
1
I
4
1
2
14
1 Offices.
2
Storehouses.
i
......( ......
1 ?,
5 ' H
| Stables.
1
1
Coal Cotton,
and
Yards. Lumber
1
1
1
,t
Wharves.
1 Vessels.
1
1
1
......... p ....._
.......J 8
1 Houses. Out K,
1
3
2
Houses, Oilier etc.
2
1
1
2
1
2
?,
S
Kf-Nj] Out City. of
2
3
3
1
3
8 1 14 ' 17
YOR'S ANNUAL IlEPORT.
| TJ;OX s-sas^sstsss
118 M
<D
FIRES OCCURRING EACH DAY AND HOUR.
eo
o
DAY.
Total................. ....
January.
S
4
2
3
3
S
S
23
February,
j
3
1
5
1
11
March.
3
1
2
S
3
5
17
April.
1
4
4
S
1
11
Mny.
2
2
5
1
2
1
16
June.
1
3
1
3
8
July.
3
2
2
1
2
2
1
13
Atiguat.
1
I
1
1
1
3
S
11
Scptc'ber.
2
2
3
1
2
8
4
IT
October.
5
7
3
1
4
20
Nove'bcr.
7
2
G
3
3
1
2
21
December.
2
2
S
3
6
2
5
no
Tolnl.
23
28
35
27
20
31
20
1W3
o
ss~
2?
C
>
r
3
53
HOUR.
BKTWEKN,
Midnight A 3 A. M...
3 A. ii. and 6 A. H...
3 P. M and 8 1'. M......
8 P.M.* midnight....
Total.....................
January.
1
2
8
4
S
5
28
February,
1
1
1
1
2
5
11
March,
3
2
2
3
7
17
April.
3
1
4
1
4
13
Mny.
7
2
1
1
5
16
Jane,
4
4
8
July.
2
2
1
3
S
13
August.
2
1
2
1
1
4
11
Septe'ber.
S
2
1
1
2
0
17
October.
2
S
4
2
2
7
20
Nove'ber.
2
3
6
1
6
6
24
December,
2
1
5
8
1
11
23
Total. ^
so 
10 5$
36 
16 >
r1
2 53
69 E
_ ,- O
198 H
INSURANCE AND LOSSES, 1891.
INSURANCE.
On Contents..,,,..,,...
Total Insurance...
LOSSES
On Buildings...........
On Content*..,.... ......
Total Loss............
INSURANOK
JAN,
 82,82500
8,30000
 86,12500
* 48850
1 41800
f 90660
$ 35,21860
FKB.
30,60000
11,40000
42,00000
3,6M 09
1000
8,611 00
38,38000
MARCH.
59,46800
77,80000
137,26600
4,87280
283 00
5,13690
132,13070
APIUL.
64,53500
6,65000
71,18500
8,20358
4,6irOO
7,76056
68,43144
XAY.
25,90003
17,00000
42,20000
8,51260
8,702 10
7,211 60
34,85540
JUNK.
15,15000
2,25000
17,40000
2,76300
76550
3,52050
13,87950
JULY.
9,800 IW
4,80000
14,60000
8,83187
1,74960
5,63087
8,96918
AUO.
14,75000
49,200 OU
63,95000
8,97850
13,706 31
22,67981
40,270 19
8EPT.
220,50000
130,99000
860,49000
182,03045
52,98589
235,67184
121,718 16
OCT.
268,73500
558,90001)
8*2,83500
10,101 00
28,627 52
38,73152
783,80348
KOV.
49,40000
18,10000
67,30000
3,40000
1,01600
4,4*500
63,06500
DEC.
68,31000
52,50000
120,81000
18,83845
1,60860
9,94693
110,86305
TOTA1
863,27100
932,89000
1,796,161 00
280.8S727
114,407 82
345,26500
1,450,89591
MAYOR'S ANNUAL BEPORT. 133
EXTENT OF LOSS BY FIRk;.
Between $50 andJIOO...................... ....................
Between $100 and S1,W......................................
Between ll.ciOO and 16,1100............ .....................
Between 15,000 and S10 000................ .................
Between J. 0,000 and J20,000.................................
Between 20,OOO and 0)OOJ...... ................... _
over SSO.OUO.............................. .............................
Out of city ..........................................................
Total ..............
f
rt
a
g
14
S
n
0
0
0
'2
23

a
5?
ic
8
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COMPARISONS.
Total number of alarms.... 
Total number 01 inhabitants,
Total number of buildings....
Total amount or insurance...
Total amount of insurance
Total number of alarms reAverage number tires to 1,000
Average number buildings to
Average amount Insurance
Average amount loss to each
alarm resulting In loss.......
PKRCKNTAGE OF Loss
Deducting the fl res outside of city limits the percentage
1889.
166
60,000
8,918
(3,821,52300
1,310,579 OU
2^13,94403
120
2.7
63.8
23,03930
10,838 16
84.2
1890.
169
60,000
9.211
$1,054,47550
135,48:184
915,988 66
121
2.8
54.5
6.23710
1,14451
13.1
1891.
106
00,000
9,500
$1,71)6,161 00
345.26509
1,450,89591
136
8.3
4S.5
9,16409
2,53871
18.7
124 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT OF FIRE ALARM.
, SAVANNAH, GA.; January 1, 1892.
* Wm. B. Puder, Esq., Chief Fire Department :
{ DEAR SIRI have the honor to submit the
|- twenty-first annual report of the Fire Alarm Tele-
' graph of the Savannah Fire Department for the
\ year ending December 31st, 1891.
! During the past year 104 alarms were transmitted over the lines of the system, three of which
I were turned in by key-holders for the same fire,
* and another for a general alarm. The telephone
signal is credited with thirty-three alarms, making
a total of 137 calls over the wires of this system.
One new Signal box was received and has been
located at the corner of Margaret and Farm streets.
The following changes in the location of boxes
have been made: Box 4, furnished with one new
| brake wheel and changed to No. 74, placed at the
J Savannah, Florida & Western Railway wharf.
? Box 56, removed from Margaret near Farm, and
located at the corner of Bryan and Farm. Box 54,
transferred from Bryan and Farm to Upper Cotton
Press.
The entire system was carefully examined and
all boxes were re-timed, ' manv / of the boxes were
found to operate too slow, and in all of these the
movement was adjusted to a quicker time, several
of them requiring to be cut down from ten to
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 126
twelve seconds. All of the circuits were remodeled
and about five miles of wire taken down, and the
circuits shortened about the same number of miles.
All of the poles were painted and extra cross-arms
were added. The reduction of the circuits and the
re-arrangement of the wires and poles have enabled
me to cut down the battery about 25 per cent., so
that the service is now run with 170 cells of
gravity battery and eighteen miles of line.
On one occasion during the year two boxes were
pulled for the same fire, boxes 17 and 26. The
signal received at the engine houses sent the department to box 12, fully a mile from where the
fire was burning. These irregularities are liable
to occur from time to time, unless the old boxes
are exchanged for new ones of the non-interferring
pattern, and I recommend that the old style boxes
be changed as soon as possible. There has been a
number of changes of this character made from
time to time during the past few years, and I hope
that they will continue to be made in the future.
A test is made daily at 3:30 P. M., (Sundays excepted) by the sounding of a box, and I am glad
to say that in most cases has proved very satisfactory.
I would recommend that an Alarm Box be
stationed at or about the Police Barracks, as the
method of sounding alarms at that point are very
unreliable. On two occasions alarms from Station
3 were turned in, neither of which could be read,
and on one occasion the apparatus went to Station
21, full three-quarters of a mile in an opposite
direction from where they were wanted.
I earnestly recommend that something be done
126 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
toward effecting some regulation in the lining of
electric wires of the various companies in this city.
The annoyance and danger to this branch, as well
as to the men of the department, is of so much importance that I am forced to request that you continue your recommendations that suitable ordinance be enacted governing this matter. The underground system is so expensive that I cannot hope
for earlv j reform to that extent, ' but much trouble
and danger could be averted by proper regulations
with some one fully authorized to see that they are
observed.
The entire system of this branch of the department is in excellent working order and if not interfered with by wires of other companies will
give perfect satisfaction during the coming year.
As a number of new boxes have been ordered
and are exected to arrive during the present month,
I will not report the present running table as there
will have to be made several important changes as
soon as these boxes are located.
THE PRESENT LOCATION OF ALARM BOXES IS:
3. Police Barracks.
5. Bay and East Broad.
6. Bay and Habersham.
?. Bay and Drayton.
8. Bay and Whitaker.
9. Bay and Jefferson.
12. Broughton and West Broad.
13. Broughton and Whitaker.
14. Broughton and Abercorn.
15. Broughton and Price.
16. Broughton and Reynolds.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 127
17. South Broad and East Broad.
18. South Broad and Bull.
19. South Broad and Montgomery.
21. Barnard and Perry.
23. Central Railroad Passenger Depot.
24. Liberty and Drayton.
25. Liberty and Price.
26. S., F. & W. Ry. Freight Office.
27. Charlton and Whitaker.
28. Jones and Lincoln.
31. Drayton and Taylor.
32. Wayne and West Broad.
34. Wilson and Whitaker.
35. Barnard and Gordon.
36. Bull and Gaston.
37. Gaston and Lincoln.
41. Huntington and Price.
42. Lincoln and Gwinnett.
43. Waldburg, east of Price.
45. Drayton and Waldbnrg Street Lane.
46. Henry and Bull.
51. Central Wharf, over Canal.
52. Central Railroad Warehouse.
53. Central Cotton Press.
54. Upper Cotton Press.
56. Farm and Bryan.
57. Margaret near Farm.
61. Hall and Barnard.
62. West Broad and Hall.
63. Burroughs and Waldburg Street Lane.
64. Barnard and Waldburg.
65. Duffy and Montgomery.
71. South Broad and Randolph.
72. Lower Hydraulic Press.
128 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
73. Gordon's Wharf.
74. S., F. & W. Ry. Wharf.
Telephone 404 Engine No. 1.
Telephone 259 Engine No. 2.
Telephone 309 Engine No. 3.
Telephone 100 Engine No. 4.
Telephone 128 Engine No. 5.
The following directions are given to key
holders.
1. To give an alarm, open the door, pull the
hook to the bottom of the slot once only, and then
close the door.
2. Do not pull the hook if the fire bells are
ringing or if the small bell in the box is striking,
as that indicates that an alarm has already been
given.
3. Be particular to remain at the box until the
arrival of an officer of the Fire Department or a
piece of apparatus so that you can direct them
where the fire is.
Very respectfully,
W. D. CLAIBORNE,
Superintendent Fire Alarm.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 12O
REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT OF WATER WORKS.
Hon. John J. McDonouyh,
Mayor.
Sir:In accordance with the regulation of the
ordinances, I respectfully submit the annual report of the condition and workings of the Water
Works Department of the City, for the year ending December 31, 1891.
The gallons of water pumped during the year,
as shown by the record, has been two billion, three
hundred and ninety-four million, six hundred and
forty-five thousand, six hundred and eighty
(2,394,645,680) gallons.
ENGINES AND MACHINERY.
During the month of August it became necessary to stop the large engine for repairs, and the
small pump was put in service during the time
occupied in having the work done, which occupied
a period of nine (9) days, with this exception the
large pump has been running continuously, save
an occasional stop of a few hours at a time, for the
purpose of keying up, repacking stuffing boxes or
renewing valves.
The repairs on the small engine consist chiefly
of a new set of valve studs and tightening valve
seats in pump ends, which has given trouble on
13O MAYOR'S AXNDAL REPORT.
several occasions by working loose. At present
there are no repairs needed, that is to be seen, on
either engine.
DONKEY OB BOILEk FEED PUMPS.
The donkey or feed pumps are all in good order
and condition, not one of the three pumps requiring any, or but very slight repairs during the
year.
BOILERS.
The boilers and their settings are in good condition, as far as can be seen, and the expenses for
repairs have been nothing during the year, except
for the natural wear and tear.
BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS.
The buildings: pumping station, office, etc., are
all in very good order. The grounds have been
improved and kept in as clean and good condition as possible within the small expenditure
upon them. Oats are sown in spring and during
the other months of the year they are kept closely
mowed and free from the growth of weeds. With
the work done they present a much better
appearance than in previous years. The fencing
is in good repair and has been well whitewashed.
ARTESIAN WELLS AT WORKS.
Well No. 24. ten-inch bore, was completed at a
depth five hundred and five (505) feet, and connected to the system on January 27, this well
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 131
making a total of twenty five artesian wells.
Sizes as follows :
4 ten (10) inch wells.
20 six (6) inch well?.
1 four (4) inch well.
Total, - - 25
With the addition of the No. 24 well the quantity
of water secured was very materially increased,
and it was thought that no more would be required for at least some time. But as the year
advanced and the warm season set in, the demand
for water increased to such an extent, that although
the engines were working up to their full speed,
they failed to furnish a satisfactory pressure in the
city, and many complaints were heard from those
who could not obtain a supply of water in the
upper stories of the high buildings. From observations and approximate measurements, it was
evident that the engines were drawing more water
from the wells near the engine house than from
those at a distance, and to ascertain with certainty
an exact and actual survey and measurement was
made with instruments on June 13th, and found a
variation in elevation of water in the different
wells on the main suction line of nine (9) feet, that
is to say, number one (1) well, which is close by
the engine house, was pumped nine (9) feet below the level of cumber twenty-five (25) well,
which is sixteen hundred (1,600) feet farther
away. This shows that with the arrangement of
the present system additional wells would be of
little service, because it would be necessary to
locate them at a still greater distance, and the
132 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
pumps would not draw the water from them. The
lack of water from the wells caused the engines to
labor greatly and pound badly. And was the principal cause of the stop of the large engine in August
for repairs. This great labor and pounding of the
engines continued until the fifth (5th) of November, when, fearing greater injury to the machinery,
and as a last resort, the river water was turned on
to the pumps, which gave some relief. And it is
the only means, in my opinion, by which a satisfactory supply of water can be obtained, until the
new works now being constructed, or a part at
least, can be put in operation. The large engine,
upon which the supply depends, will not work
with any reasonable degree of safety without the
aid of the river water.
RIVER WELL AND WELL HOUSE.
The river well has been thoroughly cleaned
out, and the repairs so much needed at the time of
the last report have been done during the year,
the foot valve placed in good order and the house
has had new sills put in, and all decayed parts
have been renewed. The wharf has been repaired
in the portions entirely gone, or very much
decayed, and can be used with safety for the
present.
FORCING MAIN.
The force main leading from the works to the
City, has always remained uncovered, and greatly
exposed to accident, at crossings of the railroad
tracks. Attention was called to its condition in
last report, and authority was given to have this
I
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 133
remedied. Work was begun upon it at once, and I
am glad to say it is now well secured from any
ordinary accident. Heavy timbers have been built
over it and fastened to piling. The railroad defraying the expenses of a part of the work and the
city a part.
RESERVOIR.
The reservoir or stand-pipe is in very good condition, no work of any kind has been done on it
during the year.
FIRE HYDRANTS.
The fire hydrants have been quite expensive the
past year, a large number had been found to be in
very bad condition from age. Thirty-two (32)
hydrants have been taken out and replaced with
new, and others repaired, and are in condition for
use for a few years longer.
Twenty-nine (29) hydrants have been added to
the system on the line of extension of mains,
making a total of four hundred and seven (407)
fire hydrants.
PUBLIC OR FREE HYDRANTS.
The public or free hydrants are all in good
order at this time. Seven have been taken out on
account of having been broken and worn, and replaced with new.
FLUSHING CESSPOOLS AND SEWERS.
The cesspools have required flushing for longer
hours, and a great quantity of water has been used
134 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
for the purpose of keeping them in good condition, on account of the cesspools being used as
a receptacle for slop water in many localities. All
are in very good condition at this time.
VALVES.
Fifteen (15) new valves have been put in on the
line of extensions of mains, and also for the purpose of reducing the size, of the districts, and are
located as follows:
1 on Lincoln St. at Taylor St..........6-inch valve.
1 on East Broad St. at Taylor St......6-inch valve.
1 on East Broad St. at New Houston.6-inch valve.
1 on Walker St. at Wilson St.........6-inch valve.
1 on Jones St. at Wikon St............6-inch valve.
1 on Jones St. at Guerard St............6-inch valve.
1 on Taylor St. at Whitaker St.........6-inch valve.
1 on Gaston St. at Whitaker St........6-inch valve.
1 on Gordon St. at Whitaker St......4-inch valve.
1 on Jefferson St. at Bryan St.........8-inch valve.
2 on Congress St. at Jefferson St.......8-inch valve.
2 on State St. at Whitaker St...........8-inch valve.
1 on State St. at Abercorn St...........8-inch valve.
15
All the valves have been examined, oiled and
cleaned and are now in good order.
EXTENSIONS OF MAINS.
The mains have been added to very greatly the
past year and the city is now very nearly entirely
supplied with facilities for the obtaining water in all
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 135
premises and protected by fire hydrants. Mains
have been laid on the following streets:
On Harris street, from Price
to East Broad street........ 606 feet 6-inch pipe.
On East Broad street from
Jones to Taylor street...... 294 feet 6-inch pipe.
On East Broad street from
Bolton to Anderson street..1,458 feet 6-inch pipe.
On Davis street from Price
to East Broad street........ 606 feet 6-inch pipe.
On Bolton street from
Habersham to East Broad
street........................... 900 feet 6-inch pipe.
On Waldburg street from
Price to East Broad Street. 648 feet 6-inch pipe.
On New Houston street from
Lincoln to East Broad
street...........................1,224 feet 6-inch pipe.
On Duffy street from Price
to East Broad street....... 636 feet 6-inch pipe.
On Duffy street from Drayton to Abercorn street..... 324 feet 6-inch pipe.
On Duffy street from East
Broad to R. R. track...... 216 feet 6-inch pipe.
On Henry street from Lincoln to East Broad street..1,272 feet 6-inch pipe.
On Gwinett street from East
Broad to Railroad track... 300 feet 6-inch pipe.
On Jones street from Guearard to West Boundary.... 492 feet 6-inch pipe.
On Walker street from Wilson to West Boundary.... 732 feet 6-inch pipe.
On Gaston street from Tatnall to West Broad street. 744 feet 6-inch pipe.
136 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPOKT.
On Maple street from West
Broad street.................. 240 feet 6-inch pipe.
On Oak street from West
Broad street.................. 408 feet 6-inch pipe.
On Jefferson street from
Bryan to State street...... 938 feet 8-inch pipe.
On State street from Jefferson to Abercorn street.....1,600 feet 8-inch pipe.
Total.....................13,638 feet.
The eight (8) inch main has added very much to
the better fire protection afforded the business
houses on Broughton street, the fire hydrants attached, being placed within easy reach, and may
be used instead of those on the small four inch
main on Broughton street. This new main is also
connected to the twelve inch main on Congress,
and the twelve inch main on Whitaker street, and
to the sixteen inch main on Abercorn street.
These extensions of the mains make a total of
thirty-nine and seven-eighths miles and one hundred and eighty-two feet (39 miles and 182 feet)
of pipe of all sizes in the city.
LEAKS.
Another year has been added to the age
of the old mains, and although many breaks
would naturally be expected, there has been only
two. One on the alley running from Zubly street
to Harrison street, in the four (4) inch pipe, and
one on Bay street near Jefferson street in the six
(6) inch pipe, this last was caused by the heavy
jar of the falling walls of the Guckenheimer building during the fire, which destroyed that building.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 137
The expenses as shown in statement for Water
Works includes the bills passed in Superintendent's office for ordinary expenses and expenditures, and does not exhibit any amount expended
on new Water Works, or artesian wells on Stiles
Avenue for new Water Works, and as will be seen,
has been kept well within the appropriation for
the year.
R ROOM MEN OATION S.
As mentioned before in relation to the water
mains, the city is very nearly fully covered by the
extensions made during the year. However there
remains a few streets on which there are no mains,
though the water is obtained from the streets on
either side, and nearly all are accommodated. A
better fire protection would be afforded, if the
pipes were laid in those streets and one or two
unfinished streets were completed. Those named
below should receive attention when extensions
are contemplated.
Harrison street from West Broad to Farm street.
Harris street from Tatnall to West Broad street.
Berrien street from Tatnall to West Broad
street.
Waldburg street from West Broad to Burroughs
street.
New Houston street from West Broad to Burroughs street.
Huntingdon street from West Broad to Wilson
street.
Charlton street from Price to East Broad street.
EastBoundary street from Broughton to Liberty
street.
133 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Lumber street from New to Bay street.
West Boundary street from New to Bay slreet.
New street from Lumber to West Boundary
street.
The building of new works having been commenced, there are no matters for recommendation at this time. Jn concluding this report, I
would ask to be allowed to express my gratification for the uniform kindness extended to myself,
and the employes of the Department by Your
Honor and the members of the Board, and the
Committee in immediate control. And also
testify to the good conduct and attention to their
duties of the employees who assist me in the
direction and care of the Department.
Very Respectfully submitted,
JAMES MANNING,
Superintendent.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 139
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140 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT ON NEW WATER WORKS.
SAVANNAH, GA., December 31st, 1891.
Hon. John ,T. McDonough,
Mayor:
SIRIn accordance with instructions received
from your Honor, I herewith present a report on
New Water Works, to accompany the report of
the workings of the department on the present
water supply. The erection of new works having
been undertaken during the year, the preparation
consumed much of the time, but some progress
has been made which will be shown in this report.
The number and character of contracts awarded
for furnishing material and construction and the
advancement of them. Also including the expenditures on New Water Works account to date.
The pressing necessity of immediate action upon
the matter of providing additional or new water
works, having been presented to Council in former
reports, and there having been plans suggested,
and some preliminary surveysand estimates made,
it was decided to build an entirely new plant and
to commence work upon it at as early a date as
possible; accordingly, on February 26th proposals
were advertised for boring a number of artesian
wells to be twelve (12) inches in diameter, and to
be situated on the Springfield plantation north of
Gwinnett street and immediately west of West
Boundary street.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 141
Before the beginning of any work upon the erection of new works, the services of Mr. Thomas T.
Johnston 'of Chicago, Illinois, was secured, and an
engagement entered into with him as consulting
engineer, he having had large experience, and
having been in charge of the building of a water
works plant of the same, or like character, only a
short time previous at Memphis, Tenn., with eminent success. Proceedings were at once entered
upon, maps and surveys made, test pits dug in the
ground and a most thorough examination and investigation into the subject in order to collect information and obtain all the advantages, and the
most suitable location.
After carefully viewing the surroundings of the
portion of the Springfield plantation on which one
(12) inch Artesian well had been bored and completed at a depth of fifteen hundred and fifty
(1,550) feet, objections were presented, and it was
deemed inadvisable to build the new works and to
bore other artesian wells at that point. That location was abandoned and a new site was selected on
the west side of the Springfield plantation, at the
intersection of Gwinuett street and Stiles avenue.
Negotiations were opened with the owners of the
land, and the lots numbers fifty-seven (57), fiftyeight (58), and fifty-nine (59), lying north of
Gwinnett street and east of Stiles avenue on the
Springfield plantation, and containing thirty-one
(31) acres, was secured by purchase from the
Savannah Brick Manufacturing Compan}', for the
sum of Seventeen Thousand and Fifty Dollars
($17,050). Eight and one-third (8*) acres of the
tract purchased to be reserved as a site for Water
142 MA YOR'S ANN UAL REPORT.
Works, and the remainder to be placed in the
hands of a committee of City Council to be disposed of to the best advantage.
The site selected is favorably and conveniently
situated for the purpose and the character of the
work contemplated. It being near the city and
far enough removed from any contaminating influences.
The consulting engineer submitted plans and
specifications for the kind and capacity of pumping machinery and for boilers. Also, for a brick
conduit to conduct the water to the pumping
station. This conduit to extend from the pumping station to the river at or near the present
works. It will receive the water from the artesian
wells to be bored along the same line on which it
is to be built and conduct it to a wet well at the
pumping station. When completed its whole
length will receive and conduct the water from the
wells now supplying water at the present works,
and also be available to obtain water from the
river at the new works should it ever become
necessary from any cause to resort to that source
for a supply of water.
The plans also provide for a forcing main of the
dimensions of forty-two (42) inches and thirty-six
(36) inches, to be laid in and along Gwinnett street
from the pumping station into the City and up to
Abercorn street, with proper outlets to connect
with a stand pipe to be located in the south part
of the Park Extension, near the intersection of
Bull and New Houston streets. And for a pumping station, boiler house and wet well.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 143
After examination of the plans and consultation
with the engineer upon them, they were approved
by the Committee, and authority was given by Council to proceed to advertise for bids for furnishing
and constructing new Water Works.
On May 21st, proposals were called for furnishing and constructing machinery and boilers as
follows : Two high duty pumping engines, each
having a capacity often million (10,000,000) U.S.
gallons per day, and the necessary boilers.
On July 14th, for the construction of a water
conduit of masonry, or masonry and timber,
having an internal diameter of (approximate) six
(6) feet, and a length of three thousand (3,000)
feet, more or less, only this length of the conduit
to be built at this time.
On July 30th, for furnishing cast-iron water
pipes and special castings.
On October 21st, for furnishing valves or water
gates, and for furnishing sixty thousand (60,000)
pounds of lead, for drayage of pipes, for laying
pipes in the ground, also for constructing subwork
of pumping station, and for building railroad
trestle for a track to extend from the track of the
Central Railroad Company to the site of the new
works.
The date of opening all bids for the pumping,
machinery and boilers was July 20th, and at the
time a number of builders presented their proposals. The Committee on Water examined all the
bids offered, and after consultation that of the
Holly Manufacturing Company, of Lockport, New
York, was recommended to City Council to be
awarded the contract. When brought before the
i
144 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
board, objection was raised to receiving the bid,
upon the ground that it had been handed in after
the hour named in the advertisements for proposals, which objection prevailed and no aAvard was
made. New calls for proposals for the same were
advertised, to be received until August 20th, at
which time all bids received were opened at a
meeting of the committee, and the Holly Company's offer being considered the best, was recommended to Council, and the contract was awarded
them.
Contracts for furnishing and constructing the
works have been awarded as follows:
For boring a number of twelve (12) artesian
wells, to E. F. Joyce, of St. Augustine, Florida, at
four dollars and fifty cents, to a depth of four hundred and thirty feet" (430 feet) at $4 50 per foot,
and any greater depth at five dollars per foot '($5
per foot) over 430 feet.
For constructing and furnishing two (2) high
duty pumping engines, to the Holly Manufacturing
Company, of Lockport, New York, for the sum of
400)."" ninetv-two thousand four hundred dollars ($92,-
For constructing and furnishing the necessary
boilers, to John Rourke & Son, of Savannah, Ga.,
for the sum of thirteen thousand eight hundred
and seventy-five dollars (813,875).
On August 26th, bids were received and opened
for the construction of a water conduit, and the
contract was awarded to Robertson & Weaver, of
Baltimore, Maryland, for the sum of twenty-seven
thousand five hundred dollars ($27,500).
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 146
And for the construction of Section C of the said
conduit, as provided in specification sat and for the
price of ten dollars and forty-five cents per lineal
foot ($10 45 per foot).
On August 26th, bids were received and opened
for furnishing cast-iron water pipes and special
castings, and the contract awarded to the Howard
Harrison Iron Company of Bessemer, Ala., at the
following prices: Forty-two (42) inch, and thirtysix (36) inch pipe, at twenty-one dollars and
seventy-five cents per ton of 2,000pounds (42 inch
and 36 inch pipe, $21 75 per ton). And special
castings at two dollars and seventy-five cents per
one hundred pounds ($2 75 per 100 pounds).
On November 21st, bids were received and
opened for furnishing valves or water gates, and
the contract awarded to the Bensselaer Manufacturing Company of Troy, New York, for the sum of
four thousand eight hundred dollars ($4,800).
On the same date as above, bids were received
and opened, and the contract for furnishing sixty
thousand (60,000) pounds of pig lead, was awarded
to the Palmer Hardware Company, at the price of
four dollars and seventy-three cents per one hundred pounds ($4 73 per 100 Ibs).
On same date bids were received and opened,
and the contract for laying water pipes in ground,
was awarded to Martin Cooley of Savannah, Ga.,
at the price of one dollar and ten cents for the
forty-two inch pipe (42 inch, $1 10 per foot), and
eighty-five cents for the thirty-six inch pipe (36
inch, 85 cents per foot).
The contract for drayage of pipes was awarded to
John McGrath of Savannah, Ga., at the price of
10
146 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
one dollar and twenty-five cents per ton ($1 25
per ton).
The contract for constructing trestle for railroad
track, was awarded to J. H. Rosseau of Atlanta,
Ga., for the sum of five thousand and two dollars
and eighty-four cents ($5,002 84).
The contract for constructing the sub-work of
pumping station, was awarded to W. F. Chaplin of
Savannah, Ga., for the sums as follows:
For excavation.................................$2,900 00
For chimney.................................... 7,460 00
For stone caps................................... 1,134 00
For brick masonry, per cubic yard........ 9 45
Concrete, per cubic yard.... ................ 7 25
The work of boring the artesian wells has progressed as rapidly as possible. Two gangs of men
with derricks and full set of boring apparatus have
been at work all the time. Eight wells have been
completed, each having a diameter of twelve
(12) inches, and bored to the depth of from five
hundred (500) to six hundred (600) feet. They
are located along the line of Stiles avenue, on
which line the Conduit will be built. Each well
has been cased down to a depth of about two hundred and twenty-five (225) feet. The flow of
water from all the completed wells has proven exceedingly satisfactory, each well discharging about
a half million (500,000) gallons per day, and it
may reasonably be expected that a sufficient quantity will be obtained for a full and ample supply
when all the wells are completed.
Favorable reports have been received from the
Holly Manufacturing Co., contractors for furnishing pumping machinery, in relation to the ad-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 147
vancement of work on the pumps, and it is probable that shipments of parts of the material may
be expected about February 1, 1892.
The boilers are being built quite rapidly, the
start being made and the work continuous, with
the probability of their being completed, when
needed to be set.
The cast-iron water-pipe and special castings is
being delivered, and placed on line of the street,
and the contractor for laying it has commenced
work.
The building of the brick water conduit has
been very much delayed by the failure to provide
the proper material by the contractor, and the
work has progressed very slowly. However there
is ample time for its completion for use when
needed if pushed with proper energy and activity.
The foundations or sub-work of the pumping
station and chimney has been commenced by the
contractor, he has quite a good force of hands at
work, but as the contract was awarded only a short
time he has done only some excavating.
The valve or water gates are being manufactured
and will be shipped some time next month.
There are but two other contracts to be let of
any great importace, or involving any expensive
outlay of money, namely: For the construction of
the buildings and the boiler settings. These will
receive attention, and will be called for in proper
time, as they are not of a character to cause delay
or inconvenience.
The actual amounts of the contracts already
provided for have come within the estimate made,
and there is no indication that the estimate will
be exceeded.
148 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
It was supposed when the work was undertaken
that it would require two years, or very nearly
that time, to build the works, but it is very probable now that water will be pumped before the
( lapse of so much time, in fact, it may be pumped
sometime in the early fall of 1892. I1 For the successful prosecution of the work con-
| templated, it was very necessary to have the assistance of expert engineers and inspectors for the
| purpose of giving proper and accurate lines and
I levels, making profiles, etc., and intelligently supervising and inspecting all construction and all
t material. The services of Mr. W. R. Curtis, a civil
. engineer of well known ability, was secured, and
> he was placed in charge with instructions to organize a corps of engineers and inspectors for active
work in the field. They rapidly obtained the
requisite information in relation to the advantages
of location, character of soil, etc., for consideration
of the committee and the consulting engineer, and
have been engaged in the general supervision and
1 advancement of the various parts of building the
1 works.
AMOUNT EXPENDED OX THE CONSTRUCTION OP THE
NEW WATER WORKS TO DECEMBER, 1891.
Including preliminary surveys, engineers' salaries and work done, and for boring artesian wells:
Thos. T. Johnston, Civil Engineer, salary and expenses.................. ........$ 3,150 00
Salaries
Time of hands.................f 1,158 16
W. R. Curtis, C. E........... 410 00
Pay rolls........................ 1,768 88
 3,336 99
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 149
Printing and stationery..................... 588 60
Miscellaneous
Telegrams and express
charges.........................! 18 98
Carriage hire .................... 29 00
Drayage.............. ............ 24 80
Hose, fixtures and pipe ...... 44 05
Temporary buildings at site.. 713 87
Hire horse and buggy and
instruments for engineers.. 161 00
Hire of stenographer........... 75 00
 1,066 70
Conduit.......................................... 132 50
Railroad trestle................................ 6,466 01
Howard Harrison Iron Co. for water
pipe............................................ 14,867 79
Rob'tW. Hunt & Co., inspection of pipe 293 15
Laying water pipe ........................... 3,915 79
Michael Walsh, purchase of land for
widening Stiles avenue .................. 450 00
Artesian wells ................................ 18,99720
$53,264 73
Very respectfully submitted.
JAMES MANNING,
Superintendent.
150 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF CLERK OF THE MARKET.
SAVANNAH, GA., January 10, 1892.
Hon. John J. McDonough, Mayor:
DEAR SIRI have the honor to submit herewith
a report of the Market department for the year
1891.
On entering upon the duties of the office of Clerk
of the Market I found that a vast amount of labor
had to be performed to place the market in a good
sanitary condition, to make it attractive to the
public that its revenues could be increased.
I first turned my attention to the
MEAT STALLS.
These I found having the seams in the wood
work full of putrid matter. I had them taken
apart, rejointed, surfaced off and made nearly as
good as new.
THE POULTRY MARKET.
I have had, with the approval of the Chairman
of the Committee on Market, new poultry stalls
built, so as to establish a poultry market in the
north aisle, thereby getting rid of the unsightly
and unsavory old chicken coops, which were so
long an eyesore and a nuisance.
MAYO U'S ANN UAL REPORT. 151
TIIK MARKET BASEMKNT.
This I found to be the resort of bad characters,
both male and female, who Avithout regard to
decency or propriety, kept up a continuous round
of disorder and misconduct, the only remedy for
which was the appointment of two special policemen. The basement is now in a good, orderly and
sanitary condition.
THE FISH STALLS.
I found these stalls scattered about promiscuously, without system or method in their location.
These I had removed at the end of the year to the
north aisle establishing there a nice Fish Market,
this north aisle being heretofore a dead letter in
the market accounts, having never produced an}'
revenue, is now a flourishing business centre. I
have also opened to this aisle two entrances from
Bryan street.
By removing obstructions that stood in the
way of improvement I opened avenues, north and
south near both ends of the market, thereby distributing and equalizing the business, and making
'all parts of the market easy of access to the people.
There is more light needed in the market now.
I would recommend that it be furnished as soon
as possible.
I have also the honor to submit herewith a
statement of all moneys collected through this
office for the year ending December 31, 1891,
and turned it into the City Treasury, viz :
152 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Total cash collected......... .................$13,005 50
Average monthly col lections ...... ....... 1,083 79
Average weekly collections................ 250 10
I have the honor to remain,
Your obedient servant,
J. P. O'BRIEN,
Clerk of the Market.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 153
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF COLLECTIONS OF MAKKKT VKKS
AND STALL RENTS FOB THE YEARS 18W AND 1891:
1890.
F. A. MADDOX, CLERK.
1891.
3. P. O'BBIEN, CLEKK.
January 4......................$ 228 00 January 4...... ...............$ 217 00
January 11..................... 237 00 January 12..................... 211 00
January 18..................... 230 00
January 25..................... 231 00 January 26
February 1..................... 24000"'
Februarys......... ........... 234 00
February 15................ 240 00
February 22.... ........ .... 232 00
March 10..................... .. 220 00
March 17........................ 228 00
March24........................ 218 00
May3........................... 221 50
May 10........................... 225 00!
January 19..................... 188 90
167 00
February 2..................... 190 00
February 9.................... 216 00
February 16............ ..... 23600
February 24................... 23500
February 24...... ............ 235 00 March Z......................... 22500
March 3................ . ...... 225 00 March 9.............. .......... 224 05
March 16........................ 226 00
March23........................ 223 00
March30........................ 230 Of)
April5..... ................... 220 00 April 6........................... 23000
April 12........... . ........... 219 00 April 13......................... 221 00
April 19......................... 215 00 April 20......................... 220 00
April 26....................... . 214 00 April 27....................... . 231 00 I
May 17........................... 230 OOiMay 18
May 24........................... 216 OOJMay 25.
May 31........................... 216 50 June 1...
June?.................. ........ 220 OOJune8...
Juns 14.......................... 228 Od June 15.
June 21.......................... 224 00 June22
June28.......................... 220 OOJune29.
July 5............................ 221 00 July 6..
July 12.......................... 220 00 July 13.
July 19.......................... 219 00 July 20.,
July 26.......................... 217 00 July 27.
May 4......... ................ 231 00
May 11.......................... 247 00
242 00
255 OH
267 00
270 00
274 00
280 00
285 00
SOS 50
286 00
290 00
280 00
Augusts........................ 220 00 Augusts........................ 280 00
August 9........................ 215 00 August 10........ .............. 27500
August 16.......... ..... ... 21150
August 23...................... 209 00
August 30................... .. 218 00
September 6......... ....... 220 00 September 7.................. 27" no
September 13................. 221 00 September 14.. ............. 25 00
September 20................. 222 00
September 27........... ..... 225 00
October 4....................... 230 00 October
5
October 11..................... 225 00 October 12
October 18..................... 230 00October 19
November 1.................. 226 00 November 2.
Novembers...... ............ 230 00
November 15.................. 235 00
November22...... ........... 22000
November29... .............. 214 00
December 6... ............... 225 00
December 13... .............. 215 00
December 20................. 212 00
December 27.. .............. 215 00 December 28.................. 25355
August 17....................... 255 00
August 21.. .. ............... 256 00
August31........ .............. 252 00
September 21........... ..... 25500
September 28................. 255 00
260 00
236 dO
s!53 00
October 25..................... 233 00October 26........ ............ 26000
	265 00
November 9................... 25600
November 16.................. 285 00
November 23................. 26500
November 30-................. 285 50
December?.................... 275 00
December 14.................. 27500
December 21......... ....... 27000
Total............ ........$11,615 50 Total.
Gain for 1892 of $1,390.
..$13,005 50
154 MAYOR'S ANNt'AL REPORT.
REPORT OF HEALTH OFFICER.
OFFICE OF HEALTH OFFICER,
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1892.
Hon. John J. McDonough,
Mayor of the City of Savannah:
SIRI have the honor to submit my report,
with annexed tables of vital statistics, for the year
ending December 31st, 1891.
Savannah has again been threatened with a disease in epidemic form (small-pox), an account of
which will be given later on in this report.
Aside from this, the year 1891 has been one of
the healthiest I have ever seen. The total number
of deaths from natural causes was 1,210. Of that
number 464 occurred among the whites, and 746
among the negroes.
The total mortality is 139 less than it was last
year.
There were more deaths from consumption than
from any other disease. Of a total of 191 deaths
from that disease 63 were whites and 128 negroes.
Pneumonia follows with a total of 71 deaths ; 21
among the whites and 50 among the negroes.
CONTAGIOUS AND ISFECTIorS DISEASES.
DiphtheriaThere were 12 deaths from this disease during the yearmost of the deaths occurring
,
i
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 155
in the extreme eastern and western sections of the
city.
Wlwoping CoughThere were 12 deaths from
this disease. The disease existed to some extent
during the first months of the year, but disappeared after the middle of the summer.
Typhoid FeverIt is a strange coincidence that
nearly 65 per cent, of the deaths from this disease
occurred among the negroes. As of a total of 17
deaths but 5 were whites and 12 were negroes.
MeaslesThis disease prevailed to a very slight
extent and was mild in type, there having been
but two deaths from this source during the year.
Scarlet FeverThere were three (3) cases of scarlet fever reported to my office during.the year, and
no deaths took place from that cause. Deaths
from scarlet fever are now becoming extremely
rare in this city.
Small-pox properly belongs under this heading,
but on account of its being a rare visitor, and
because it existed to some extent during the past
year, it will be spoken of later on.
Malarial FeversThere were 60 deaths from the
different forms of malarial fever. While the deaths
from fevers are much below the average, there are
two matters to be considered in connection with
this part of our mortality.
In the first place there are a dozen or more persons shipped to Savannah every year from the different inland villages, suffering from the different
forms of malarial fever contracted in the country.
Most of these sick paupers are literally dying before they reach the city, and are unconscious when
removed to the hospitals. The city should take
ISO MAYOR'S ANNUA L REPORT.
some steps toward preventing the influx of this
class of immigrants. Atlanta and Macon often
send us this class of people, and on account of our
splendid hospital facilities, they come sometimes
without being sent. Another feature of our deaths G
from malarial fevers is the sailor contingent. , The
law requiring seamen to sleep ashore during the
summer months has been repealed, as it was considered as operating against the interests of our
port. In my opinion, the absence of such a law is
a direct menace to our progress.
There are months in the year when it is dangerous to sleep on the river, and the records of the
Marine Hospital service show such to be the case,
during the months of September and October particularly. In the summer of 1890, a schooner left
this port for Philadelphia, and all of her crew,
after sleeping on board while in port and drinking the river water, were taken with malarial fever
and on reaching Philadelphia she was reported as
having left Savannah with yellow fever on board.
Of course these statements were proved to be false,
but there were hundreds of people who believe today that the disease on that vessel was yellow
fever, and several local boards of health addressed
me communications in regard to the matter. I do
not believe that the law should be again put in
force as it originally read, but the crews of vessels
should be made to sleep ashore during the months
of August, September and October of each year.
THE NEGRO POPULATION.
The same high death rate among the negro
children prevails. There were fewer deaths among
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 167
children, under ten years of age, than during last
year, but there were less deaths among the entire
negro population by more than one hundred.
Fifty per cent, of the children who die never
obtain medical attention. The fault is in two
directions and there is a remedy for both sides.
In many instances the parents will not call in a
physician, claiming that the children died before
they could go for a physician, although a crossexamination will always show that the children
had been sick from two to ten days before they
died.
Some provision should be made to stop this
criminal neglect on the part of negro parents.
The other side of the picture is just as true as
the first, and outside of the fact that the city of
Savannah pays for something it does not get, it is
a matter of inhumanity to know that people are
dying for the lack of medical attention without
knowing the reason why. It may not be policy
for me to state the facts of the case as others know
them, or should know them, but as it comes in
my line of duty I herewith present the facts.
The poor sick of the western district have never
received prompt medical attention. In the first
place the district is too large, and in the second
place the incumbent in office never has attended
to his work properly.
It is a physically impossibility for a man to be
in two places at the same time. The physician
for the western district has his office for city patients on Jefferson and Liberty streets; his residence is on Henry near the Laurel Grove Cemetery, a distance of over a mile, and well removed
168 MAYOR'S ANNUAL BEPORT.
from his city patients. His office hours are one
hour in the morning and one in the afternoon.
He will not, or has not on his own statement, attend a city patient calling on him at his private
residence. According to his office hours and his
own statement, if a person too poor to pay for
medical services wishes to obtain the services of
the city physician for the Western District, he cannot do so at any time during the night, as the city
physician for the Western District does not attend
to such calls at his private residence.
The city physicians should be compelled to reside in their districts, they should have their residence and office centrally located there. Their
office hours should be known, and should be of
such duration as to enable all persons needing their
services to obtain them.
VITAL STATISTICS.
The reports of births are being made more regularly by mid wives, but I am sorry to say that physicians are not very prompt in sending in their reports. Some few physicians never have complied
with the ordinance compelling the report of births.
I find some difficulty in getting physicians to report cases of contagious or infectious diseases.
The mortality statistics are as perfect now as it
is possible to get them. Our health record suffers
by this accuracy, as we obtain now over one hundred deaths that were never embodied in the
health officer's report before.
WASTES.
At last we destroy our waste matter. The force
of men employed at the Crematory have not taken
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 159
the proper care of the material to be burned.
Often the smell of garbage could be detected some
distance from the Crematory, and I have seen
much matter that was said to have passed through
the furnace that could not possibly have done so.
It is to be hoped that Mr. Cleary will be given a
proper man to carry out his directions.
The city should do away with its poorly constructed garbage wagons and obtain wagons or carts
built for the special purpose of removing garbage
from the city without the terribly offensive smells
which belong to our present wagons.
There are several patented wagons that are being
used by progressive cities. It may be beyond my
province, but I would here advocate the shelling
of Gwinnett street from Whitaker to a point opposite the Crematory. The haul in bad weather is
hard on the teams, and the service is rendered very
irregular.
An effort has been made to get occupants of
premises to separate their ashes from the other
waste matter by issuing circulars sent by the Sanitary Inspectors to every house.
SANITARY INSPECTORS.
During the summer months, and beginning on
May 1st, the force of Sanitary Inspectors were increased from two to five. The good work accomplished by this corps of men can be only appreciated by a daily supervision of them while working.
The city of Savannah should employ five men
regularly for this work. There are many ignorant
people living here who require constant watching.
16O MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
They have no idea of hygiene, and without
inspection they are as filthy as animals.
Mr. C. J. Melvin has been placed in immediate
charge of the other inspectors, and was often
detailed for special work requiring judgment and
policy. He has been always faithful in the discharge of his duty. The other men employed
were faithful in the discharge of their duties.
PRIVY VAULTS.
Many complaints have been made against the
old privy vaults to be found all over the city.
These vaults are cleaned out and disinfected and
deodorized, but in a few weeks they soon become
offensive.
The annual disinfection of these vaults was carried out in the early part of the year by Mr. Cleary.
There has been a disposition on the part of many
owners of property to do away with vaults and
substitute water-closets with sewer connections,
but. in many instances, on account of the great
distance to the nearest sewer, owners of premises
are unable to go to the heavy expense involved.
SEWERS.
The Barnard street sewer, about which so much
has been written, was found to be clogged up again
this year. It is poor work to be cleaning this
sewer out every year, and again the sewer has been
and always will be a dangerous nuisance to all persons living in houses having sewer connection with
it. The sewer is a menace to the health of the
hundreds of children attending the Barnard Street
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 161
Grammar School. I would most strongly advocate its abandonment during the present winter.
LAUEEL GROVE CEMETERY.
I believe it my duty to call your attention to
the fact that this cemetery is within the city
limits, and there is but little room left to inter
bodies. It may be four or five years before the
necessity of opening another cemetery becomes apparent, but it is well to look out fora suitable location before the cemetery will be used.
Your cemetery used by the colored people is a
disgrace to the city. The land being two low to
admit of deep interments, and I can but recount
the story of disintering several bodies to inter one.
I admit that this recommendation, like many
others made by me, have not received much
thought, but when the trouble comes, it will be
too late to protect ourselves, and hence I persistently mention these things.
Every coffin which is above ground in the
Laurel Grove cemetery should be interred ; or in
other words, every vault should be emptied of its
dead and demolished. The remains of the persons
should be buried at a reasonable depth.
CITY MARKET.
The present clerk of the market certainly has
made many improvements in the building and
deserves credit for the work accomplished in one
year.
The building is kept in a fairly neat condition,
and so far as I know, there was but one little trouble
162 MAYOB'S ANNUAL REPORT.
experienced in keeping the sewers flushed, and
after the sewers were flushed, with the aid of a
steam fire engine, kindly loaned by the chief of
the fire department, no trouble from that source
has been known.
The food supply must have improved also, or
they have changed the market reporter on the staff
of the Savannah Morning News. I say this, because of late the reports published are flattering in
the extreme to the produce sellers.
WATER WAYS AND DRAINAGE.
The Bilbo canal has been regularly deodorized
by Mr. Cleary, who twice a week uses copperas in
the waters of the canal. The good work done in
drainage during the year 1891, can but be of great
benefit to the health of the city.
There are still several drains on the Vale Royal
plantation that could be improved, and it may be,
as I write now, the work will have been done.
The ditches on either side of the Savannah,
Florida and Western Railway track are often foul,
nnd this is often occasioned by the refuse from
cars being thrown in those ditches.
The city's land on Hutchinson's Island, so far as
I am able to judge, is well drained and has been
so for some time.
AN OFFICE FOR HEALTH OFFICER.
I would recommend that a suitable office be
fitted up in the City Exchange for the health
officer. The duties of the health officer makes it
necessary that he should have a proper place for
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 163
the records of his office, and that there should be
some one in his office at all times to attend to the
duties of the office.
The duties of the health officer are increasing
every year, it being an office that being filled by a
physician its work is not often judiciously advertised to the public, hence my statement.
SMALL POX.
On the night of Friday, December 26th, 1890, I
was notified by Dr. William H. Elliott of a case of
small pox occuring in his practice. In company
with Dr. Elliott I went to see the patient, a little
white girl, living at No. 35 Broughton street. This
little girl, Bessie Wilkinson by name, had been
seen by Dr. Elliott about a week before the 26th of
December, and the disease had been taken for a
case of measles. The child not appearing very sick,
Dr. Elliott did not see her again until the night
he turned the case over to me, when he immediately recognized the disease as small pox.
The little girl was isolated, the mother of the
child electing to remain with the child as its nurse.
The proper steps were taken to prevent the other
members of the family from contracting the disease by vaccination. I began at once to look into
the origin of the case and developed the following
facts: The child had played with the other children in the neighborhood for the two weeks before
her sickness, and had not been away from the city
for months. Within two weeks of her illness, the
little girl had gone with her parents on board the
Spanish steamship Miguel Pinillos, then lying at
one of the wharves of the city loading with cotton.
164 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
This steamer sometimes carried passengers, having
good cabin accommodations, but carried none
when leaving this port; and in the absence of
passengers, carried cotton in her cabins. On the
occasion of the little girls visit to this vessel the
bed linen, cushions and other paraphernalia of the
cabin were being removed, and the little one played
and romped about this stuff.
Several visits were paid to the Wilkinson family
by some of the subordinate officers of the Pinillos,
and it is said that they fondled and played with
the child during their visits.
The Pinillos came to Savannah from Havana
and other ports in Cuba, having taken a general
merchandise cargo from Spain to those ports, and
she carried some few passengers. Through Dr.
Burgess, the Sanitary Inspector of the Marine Hospital service at Havana, I have the information
that the vessel had a good sanitary history on the
voyage to Cuba and while' in Havana. The
Pinillos came in water-ballast to our Quarantine
station, was fumigated, and passed up to the city.
On her arrival here and until her departure, she
was visited by hundreds of persons and many dinner parties were given to citizens by her captain.
One death occurred on her as she was passing
down the river on her outward voyage. One of
the crew died, and it was said by those who saw
him that he was a consumptive.
The Wilkinson child had the disease in a severe
form, but recovered after an illness of about six
weeks. When the child was convalescing, the
mother, who had faithfully nursed her, contracted
the disease, and after a long illness recovered.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 165
A third case developed in this family, a boy
being taken with the lightest form of the disease,
varioloid. It is worthy of note that this boy was
vaccinated two days after his last exposure to
small pox, and yet the vaccination modified the
disease to a mild form of varioloid, not over fifty
points of eruption appearing.
On January 1st, a case of small pox was discovered at No. 5-riJ Reynolds street, in the person of a
negro man by the name of Brown. The man had
been sick for about seven or eight days before he
was discovered. It was said that he mingled with
other people in the neighborhood after the eruption had appeared on him, and it is undoubtedly
true, as from this case was started many other
cases in that district, known as the "Old Fort."
This man was a longshoreman and had worked
on the Spanish steamship Pinillos prior to his illness. He received cotton from the lighters alongside the vessel, and frequently, when not busy,
mingled with the crew, going into the forecastle
and other parts of the vessel. The man Brown
was removed to the Pest House, where he afterward died, having had the disease in the confluent
form.
On Sunday night, January 3rd, a case of small
pox was discovered at 22 Mill street. A negro man
by the name of Hamilton was found covered with
the eruption and in bed with his wife and baby,
who afterward developed the disease. All of these
persons recovered. This case occurred in the middle of Yamacraw, in a district thickly settled by a
race of people predisposed to the disease and living
in dirt and povertyproper eireuinstances for the
166 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
loathsome disease to exist under. Besides the
Hamilton family there were ten other people living
in the same house. The Hamiltons were removed
to the Pest House and compulsory vaccination
practiced. Within twenty-four hours after the discovery of small pox at 22 Mill street, nearly five
hundred people were vaccinated.
So far as Yamacraw was concerned this was the
end of the spread of the disease. All the buildings
from which these cases were found were closely
guarded and were disinfected as soon as possibly
with the destruction of all bad material.
Hamilton was a laborer who sometimes worked
on the docks. He claims to have been working
near the Spanish steamship Pinillos, but denied
ever having been on board that vessel. It is probable that he did go on this vessel.
On January 14th, I was called in to see Dr. B.
F. Ulmer, a druggist doing business and residing
at No. 17 Broughton street, by Dr. A. B. Simmons. Dr. Ulmer was unwilling to have his sickness pronounced small pox, but such it was. Being a man in comfortable circumstances, he remained at his residence until his death, which occurred on January 18th.
Dr. Ulmer lived within two hundred yards of
the Wilkinson house, and it is possible that he contracted the disease from that source. As a matter
of fact the Wilkinson family did not deal with Dr.
Ulmer, but it was said that he changed a bill of
money for them before small pox was announced
in the family. He had not been on board the
Pinillos.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 107
On January 15th, a second negro man was discovered with the disease at 55i Reynolds. This
man had been concealed for over a week before
being found.
Decisive steps were now necessary to stamp out
the disease, and the establishment of vaccinating
depots for free vaccination being necessary, four
were first established, at W. F. Reid's drug store,
corner South Broad and East Broad streets ; Mrs.
Barie's drug store, at Bryan and West Broad
streets; Bishop's drug store, at Price and Hall
streets ; and at Kieffer's drug store, at West Broad
and Sims streets. Afterward, two additional depots
were established at Yonge's drug store, at Duffy
and Whitaker streets, and Mulryne's drug store,
at Waldburg and West Broad streets.
Over ten thousand persons were vaccinated at
these places, when, on account of many bad results
of vaccination, persons refused to avail themselves
of the privilege of free vaccination. Then it became necessary to institute a house to house vaccination, which was prosecuted under many disadvantages. Many persons not believing in the immunity to be derived from vaccination refused permission to vaccinate their children. Acting under
your instructions, the spectators and prisoners at
the Police Court were examined every morning
for marks of vaccination, and on failing to show
same, were vaccinated. I estimate that there were
thirty-three thousand people vaccinated in the
year 1891. There had been no vaccination in the
city since the year 1878, and certainly threefourths of the people were not vaccinated. The
Pest House was fitted out with all the necessary
168 MAYOR'S ANNUAL KEPOBT.
hospital outfit, and the best of food and drugs
were purchased whenever needed.
The Pest House was placed under local charge
of George Hawkins, a kind and industrious white
; man. A cook was hired and a full corps of nurses
were placed in the building.
' It became necessary to erect a building for suspects; i. e., those persons taken from infected
houses. An house of detention was built on the
Pest House tract, well removed from the hospital,
good comfortable furniture was placed in this
' ' building and suspects were detained for two weeks
when they were sent back to the city.
I On account of the systematic hiding of people
| suffering from the disease, it became necessary to
institute an inspection of every house in the disI trict known as the "Old Fort" every three days.
f, Every room, closet and privy vault on premises
were searched, and to these inspections is due the
|. credit of stopping persons from hiding the disease.
'> On February 17th, a negro man was found dead
! in the street, and I have never been able to trace
' his abode to this day.
I have found patients suffering from the disease
for ten days or more, when in some instances they
were dying. I found one woman who had been sick
'' for twenty-two days with small pox in its conflu-
 ent form and was convalescent at the time of dis-
! covery, although she had been shut up in a room
by herself, with but little to eat or drink, and with
no one to nurse her.
| A young girl was concealed while sick and being unfortunate enough to die, was taken from her
house and thrown in a shallow pit by the side of
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 169
one of the roads leading from the city. Her body
was found by the buzzards in a few days and was
finally burned by me where it was found.
Finding that they were unable to conceal their
sick in the city, they moved them to the country.
The disease developed in the county and finally it
was taken to Bryan county, \yhere it spread to
some extent, there being no organized efforts to
stop the disease.
The disease appeared in Darien in June, and
two months later at Harris' Neck in Mclntosh
county. Knowing that the health authorities of
that county were unable to cope with that disease,
I advised the handling of the epidemic by the
United States Marine Hospital service.
The Board of Sanitary Commissioners, through
its chairman, asked the governor to call upon the
national authorities to take charge of the situation.
At the request of the governor, Surgeon General
Wyman promptly took charge of the situation and
the epidemic was soon suppressed.
Had it not been for these prompt measures,
small pox would have gained a foothold among
the negroes all over the coast of this state.
ORIGIN OF THE DISEASE.
It will be noticed that the first and second case
could be traced to the Spanish steamship Pinillos;
it is probable that the third case also came from
that source, but after these, all other cases were due
certainly to local orgin. But few people have believed that the disease was brought here by the
Pinillos, but in the absence of positive proof of its
originating through some other source, I have be-
17O MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
lieved it from the time I discovered the second
case.
After the disease had been well suppressed the
following facts were developed, which almost conclusively proved the correctness of my belief: It
having been reported that the Spanish Consul's
son had been sick during the time of the Pinillos'
stay in Savannah with an eruptive disease and that
he had been treated by the Spanish surgeon of
that vessel. The Consul with his son were asked
to appear before the Mayor, when the following
facts were established by an investigation :
The young man had been sick and the symptoms of his illness as described by him, show that
he had a light attack of the disease. On his face
were several marks, which were, in my opinion,
the pits caused by small pox.
So much for the proof that it did originate from
the Pinillos. On the other hand it is fair to say
that this vessel was visited by hundreds of people
during her stay here, and it is strange that there
were not many more cases among those who were
on board the vessel. The men who loaded her
with cotton, also were exposed to the danger of
contracting the disease, but no cases developed
among them.
LOCALITIES INFECTED.
The disease was confined mainly to the northeastern portion of the city. The exceptions were
the case at No. 22 Mill street, one in Charlton
street lane, between Whitaker and Barnard streets,
and another at No. 250 Henry street.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 171
There were two cases taken from the settlement
known as Southville, in the southeastern part of
the extended city limits. The disease there could
be easily traced to the " Old Fort" cases.
There were at least five cases that left the city
when taken sick. Two of these cases recovered,
and I have since seen them, the others are said to
have died.
NUMBER OF CASES.
There were forty-four (44) cases known to me,
and of this number four were white and forty were
negroes.
There was one death among the whites and
twenty-one among the negroes. It must be remembered that two of these negroes were found
dead, and seven were found in extremis, having
been sick for days before they were discovered.
The following table will show the statistics of the
disease as it prevailed here.
NAMK Age Sex Color Protected by Vaeol nation Recovery
or Death AND K KM AUKS.
Hossio Wllklnson........  Brown.............
James Hamilton......... Mi's. V. Wllkinson.,....,
Dr. B. K. Ulmer........... Romile Hamilton....,,., Benjamin Hamilton.,
LOtUH HCOtt,.,.,.,,..,.....,., Charles Wilkinson..... Julia sorevon.............. James Wilson............. Louis Sorevon............. Affle Bovdes................. Sylvester lirndy........... Anna Miller.................
Honry Wesley............. Wlllle Tyson............... William Densler, Jr.... William Densler.....,.,., Henry Harris.............
Jane Brown................. George Lyons.............
Rosa Harris................ Peter Hays................... Jonas Da Wrion.............. Richard Walker.........
Joshua Curlls.............
Lydla Thompson....... Joseph Woodward...... PaulJones.....,.,....,...,,, Charles staley............ Infant Blake.............. Linda Blake................ Wash Kayford............. Infant Btaley............... Ella Waldburg............ Rbina Qlles................ George shellman....... Fannie Habersham....
6
47
87
60
24
5
48
a
so
27
66
34
24
42
26
32
38
34
16
25
30
27
42
67
35
65
32
26
Sra'ths
21
45
Sm'ths
21
18
20
F
M
M
If
M
V
M
M
M
V
M
M*
M
V
M*
M
M
M
P
M
F
M
M
M
M
F
M
M
M
M
F
M
F
F
F
M
V
White Negro
Negro White Whlto Negro
Negro Negro White Negro
Negro Negro
Negro Negro
Negro Negro
Negro
Negro Negro
Negro
Negro
Negro Negro Negro
Negro Negro
Negro
Negro Negro
Negro
Negro
Negro
Negro Negro
Negro Negro
Negro
Negro
Negro
No No No
Yes
N'veruiio'fly vaol No j No
NO
Yes No Cl'm s'pox before Tio Yes
No
No
No No
No Yes
No No
No No
No Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
Uecovory Death Uecovory
Heoovery Death Kecovefy llocovery Death Recovery Death Death Recovery
Recovery Death Recovery Death Death Recovery
Recovery Death Death Recovery
Recovery Death Recovery Death Death Recovery Death
Recovery Recovery Death Death Death Recovery Recovery
Death Recovery Death
JSUroughton street. iVUi Keynulds street. 22 Mill street. 35 liroughton street,
17 Itrotighton street, fThCHOtwo persons were vaccinated) no V.MI ,, 17 days after exposure to the disease (
5SU Reynolds street. 35 Broughton street. Found dying; 40j; East Boundary street. Wheaton and Reynolds street, 4i)U East Hcundary street. R South Broad street. Taken from Georgia Infirmary. Chnrlton lane, between Whitaker and Barnard. Found dead on street. Found dying; 27 Reynolds street. 20 Jackson street. SO Jackson street. Randolph street, near Perry, Randolph street, near Perry. Randolph street, near Perry. Uleburne and Gullford streets. South Broad near Reynolds street. Charlton lane, between Whitaker and Barnard, Southvllle. Southvllle. Randolph and Perry street lane. Georgia Infirmary. Georgia Infirmary. 250 Honry street. 81 Randolph street. 31 Randolph street. Found sick on street. Vaco'd after sleeping with case sm'pox; 250 Henry, 31 Randolph street. East Boundary street. Came down river on steamer Katie. Was thrown out on Waters road after death.
S3
M
3
S
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 173
It will be seen that by the above that six persons contracted the disease that had been vaccinated, but all recovered. So much for the protection obtained by vaccination.
I treated seventeen cases of the disease at the
Pest House, coming from Chatham county, being
remunerated by the county authorities for services
rendered.
I also treated three cases of smallpox from
Bryan county. It appears that the people
in that county became demoralized and
frightened, and sent three negroes living in Bryan
county to this city, claiming that they contracted
the disease here and we should take care of them.
While the disease was taken from this city to
Bryan county some time before these people were
taken sick, I found nothing to-prove that these
three persons contracted the disease here. These
persons were cared for at the Pest House at the expense of the city of Savannah, and treated by me
without charge.
EXPENSE OP SUPPRESSING THE DISEASE.
Apparently the cost of fighting and wiping out
smallpox was extravagant. The total cost was
$15,399, which includes the remuneration of persons for furniture destroyed in infected houses.
It was necessary to pay high salaries to employes at the Pest House, and to care for the
patients regardless of expense, as it was necessary
to break down the bad name given that institution
for years.
The Pest House building is in fair repair, and is
fairly well equipped for use at a moment's notice.
174 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
A fence should be built around the tract of land
owned by the city. There should be a stable built
for the horse used in the ambulance, as there is no
shelter under which that animal can be housed at
present. The present keeper appears to be an industrious man and takes good care of the property
under his charge.
MARITIME QUARANTINE.
Savannah has passed a most successful year so
far as its quarantine station is concerned. The
work has increased at the station each year, and
the year 1891 has been no exception to the general
rule.
With its increased work there has not been a 
single complaint brought against the treatment of
vessels. With five wharves at which to discharge
ballast by steam, and with a steam tug to board
vessels in the roads, and to dock and undock vessels discharging ballast, there could be no reasonable grounds for complaint.
The city's tug boat has answered the purpose for
which it was built, being capable of moving any
vessel coming to quarantine. During the year the
boat's bottom was metalled and tanks for fresh
water for her boiler were put in. These improvements have materially increased her speed and will
certainly add life to her boiler. It is time for
Savannah to institute the improved system of disinfection at her quarantine station. Savannah
should not be the last to accept a system which,by
practical work, has proved its efficacy. Anticipating that sooner or later Savannah would adopt
such a system, I have had, in the disposition of
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPOBT. 175
ballast, a foundation of rock made for the disinfecting building. This foundation is ready for
cement, which would form, the floor of the building. The cost of the plant would be fifteen thousand dollars ($15,000) or less. The plant includes
a building of wood, with dry and moist heat chambers, sulphur furnace and pipings, bi-chloride tank
and requisite hose, suitable engine for generating
moist and dry heat. At the present time we use
pots for obtaining sulphurous acid gas, and cannot
by this method obtain a sufficient volume in an}'
apartment, whereas with the sulphur furnace and
engine we can get almost any quantity desired in
a given space.
Heat is used to disinfect mattresses, bed linen,
clothes, and all fabrics, and by this system no harm
is done, the material is not injured in the slightest
degree, and laundried goods come out of the hot
air chambers as they went in. To sum the matter
up, the present system is next door to guess work,
while the proposed system is a scientific plant practically demonstrated to be safe.
A telephone line has been placed between the
quarantine station and the city. This has been of
great service to masters of vessels and the business
men. Since the removal of the telephone station
from the northern end of Tybee Island, all the
work done at that station has been done over our
telephone line.
The station property is in good repair. All the
wharves, proper, being intact, but several clusters
of mooring piles need renewing at an early date.
Dr. E. G. Lind resigned his position as quarantine officer on May 1st, and was succeeded by Dr.
176 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
J. G. Keller, who is now quarantine officer. Dr.
Lind was an industrious official during his occupancy of the office.
There were 444 vessels arriving at quarantine
during the year 1891,and the following table shows
the classes of vessels arriving at the station.
MONTH.
January............... ........................
February...... ........... ......................
March............... .................. ........
April......... ...................................
May..............................................
July.................. ...........................
September ...................................
Occrber
November... .................................
December.......... ...........................
Total.......................................
i&
.25 oo 
17
10
fi
7
3
5
1

IS
an
m
12
148
a,
1
i
i
i
?,
5
<n *

34
17
15
SI
IS?">
9
12
?0?,<>
21
37
259
i
w
1
1
11
91
1
1
8
Schooners!
3
1

3

3
1
24
Total.
fid
on
99
43
17
33
13
18
37
63
62
50
444
Total number of vessels during 1890, 410.
Total number of vessels during 1889, 371.
Total number of vessels during 1888, 282.
COST OP RUNNING THE STATION.
The expenditures ran well over the budget estimate, which was not adequate under ordinary circumstances.
The quarantine officer was sick for some time
and the expense of a deputy was unlooked for;
extra labor was hired to prevent the accumulation
of ballast under gangways was also not provided
for. Besides, the running expenses of the tug
boat, bills incurred the year before, and additional
improvements added to the boat, ran her expenses
MAYOR'S ANNUAL, REPORT. 177
up to |6,943 02, with the expenses of the workings ol the station amounting to $10,410 86, give
a grand total of $17,353 88. During the year, 1892,
the expenditures should be much less than the
figures above.
BOARD OF SANITARY COMMISSIONERS.
This board, composed of the following members:
Hon. John J. McDonough, Mayor and ex-officio
Chairman; Aldermen Herman Myers and R. B.
Harris, M. D., Messrs. J. F. Wheaton, J. R. Saussy,
J. R. Sheldon and W. F. Brunner, M. D., health
officer and ex-officio secretary, have met regularly during the year, there having been no less
than forty-two meetings during the year. For
your many acts of official kindness, I feel grateful.
Very respectfully,
W. F. BRUNNER,
Health Officer.
12
ANNUAL REPORT OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES IN THE CITY OF SAVANNAH, GA., FOR THE YEAR 1891.
CAUHKS OP HEATH
Change of Life.....................
Oholyngltls. .........................
Collapse... .............................
Chill, Congestive.................
Croup. Membraneous.........
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Cystitis.................................
Dentition ............................
Dlptheria................... ..........
Fever, Congestive Mal........
Fever, TypEo-MalarSal.......
Fever, Typhoid...................
Gastritis..............................
Child Birth..........................
Hepatitis..............................
Marasmus...... ......................
Measles.................................
Meningitis...........................
Miscarriage..... ............... .
Pateut, Foramen Ovale.....
1911115
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ANNUAL BKPOHT OF DEATHS-Contlnned.
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OAtTSKS OF DKATH
NephrltlM.............................. (KsophlglllB....... .................. (Kderaa, Glottis.................. Orohltls................................
Old AKe................................
Pleurltis............................... Peritonitis........ ..................
Pharyngltli......................... PhthlsU, Pulmonalls........
Proeta tills ..........................
Result of Injection of CoSalplngltls. ........................
Splna Blflda......... ............ .. Htomatltls .......................... SyphlliB, Congenital..........
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Syphilis, Tertiary ...............
Variola.................................
Total..............................
1
1
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44
1
1
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1
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79
2
1
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1
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71
1
4
36
1
14
61
2
81
1
7
1 55
1
1
1
SS&
1
1
1
ft
57
1,
38
1
12
62
1
1
44
1
2
1

63
1
39
2
1
1
in
61
1
47
O
f)
70
4
1
3
1
1
1ft
1
1
fl
464
5
fi
11
S
t
1001
8
1
1
748
5
6
5
1
14
1
a
119
1 
4 g
1 >
1 Lt
12 0
i wvG
1210 CO
H
S
CD
DEATHS FROM VIOLENCE, STILL AND PREMATURE BIRTH8, AN D DEATHS WITHOUT PHYSICIAN CO
IN ATTENDANCE.
CATTHES OV DEATH.
Aeetdento 
Homicide 
Suicide
Total...., .............................................................
Still Births...............................................................
Deaths without Physician... .................................
J
:
c
>-
\V
 1
<t,
3
5
8
i!
i
0
1
1
8
?,
22
J < b
W
1
1
4

2
?
1
2
U
E<
0
1

1
1
6
9
7:
17
11
W
1
1
R
5
1
1
4
0
1
1
1
1
4
8
4
16
<
W
1
1
1
3
3
1
4
I
C
.....
9
18

a
W
1
1
1
3
6
R
2
*
o
1
1
7
8
25
0
c
S
W
1
1
1
1
4
2
2
0
1, '!,
1
6
8
1
18
't
i
W
1
1
2
8
1
C
1
1
1
3
IB
8
15
\
a
|
W
11
1
1
4
3
1
C
1
1
1
3
10
19
1


o
0}
M
W
1
1
3
6
.....

C
1
1
1
2
10
8
18
hi a>
>
5
u
O
W
1
1
1
1
1
c
13
17
1
1
V
W
1
1
2
7
8
2
C
1
1
10
1
12
k
01
X
I
Q
W
1
1
2
4
ft
1
0
I
1
1
s
6
20
0
I
W
1
a
8
ft
1
1
ft
1
H
8
2
32
42
M
23
0
>
\
\
ft
4
A
1
1
n
?
i
i
20
116
10
215
"a
&
a
a
S3
O
,t-1
11.>
!)
ft
a
it
7
1
1
4
t!
(U
168
48
238
tr1
W
AGE SUMMARY.
MONTH
April.....................
.May .....................
July.......... ...........
October. ............... November............
Total............ ..
Under
W
6
7
S
ft
10
ft
r,
7
H
1?
(Xt
ati
H
C
11
ft

11
21
10
15
15
11
?,1
13
Between
W
5
1
1
1
4
4
1
2
2fl
q
3
s-t
C
5
4
?,
7
0
5
4
it
7
57
Between
\V
1
8
f,
1
2
4
1
1
3
1
in
o
i
^
C
4
4
ft
?,
5
4
4
3
2
1
40
Between
W
?,
1
a
a
i
a
i
3
2
16
3
|
0
C
4
1

9:
f:
f:
y,
91
4
24
Between
W
91
1
1
1
S
?,
B
1
8
1
20
5
3
a
3
C
?,R

4
4
2
4
R
ft
0
2
4
47
Between
W
4
9.
4
a
8
8
S
1
3
5
3
41
3
! ^
C
14
8
8
15
1?
7
8
n
6
11 11
103
Between
W
nA
10?,n
9:
f:
4
V.
4
3
52
;
|
15
c
ini?,
s
?, 4-
fi
4
n
n
8
6
7
83
Between
w
ftft
R
8
3
3
1
4
9
7
8
54
;
3
a
t
9
c
A
B
i)5
8
7
7,
ft
4
4
9
70
aS
VI

ffli
w
7
ft
7
a
5
4
8
1
S
6
ft
52
S
i
a
3
B
c
8
2
1
4
3
4
4
a
4
7
H
45
Between
W
ft
ft
n
a
3
4
?, a
5
8
47
5
\
I
C
8
ft
4
91
3
ft
4
R
4
6
4
55
|Between
W
R
ft
4
3
ft
f,
1
4
2
n
38
B
3

c
3
4
2
3
4
4
1
1
1
4
1
4
32
1!&
1:
w
3
1
1
1
6
g
3
S

c
8
2
5
f:
a
1
?,it
2
1
23
Between
W
1
1
1
3
1
3
5
0
2
....11
1
1
4
1
w
44
4ft
44
HO
41)
;w
81?fi
ss
41
8!)
47
464
C
70
fiO
53
ft
71
81
ftft
fi7
2
68
51TO
746
Total andand hites Colored.
S*
123
115
97
S
111
97
80
83
100
112
90
117
1,410
o
93
dc
M
00
CO
184 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
NATIVITYSavannah.............................................
South Carolina... ...................................
North Carolina........ ......... ....................
Florida ................................................
Tennessee........... ..................................
Virginia ...............................................
Maryland............................... ..............
Kentucky .............................................
New Jersey..................................... .....
New York............................. ...............
Pennsylvania .......................................
Missouri................................................
Illinois.................. . ..............................
Indiana................................................
Ohio....................................................
Rhode Island .......................................
Germany .............................................
England .................... ...........................
Holland.... ............................................
Spain ...................................................
Sweden ................................................
Italy....................................................
Bussia _....................... ........................
China...................................................
Scotland...............................................
Unknown... ......... .................................
West India................ ............................
Africa...................................................
Total....... .............................. .. . ..
WHITE.
164
106
28
2
4
1
6
5
1
15
4
2
2
1
3
S
1
2
4
1
1
50
22
11
1
2
S
1
4
1
1
2
2
1
464
COLOHED.
340
274
M2
14
6
2
1
9
1
2
4
6
3
2
746
TOTAL.
604
380
110
16
10
2
2
15
6
2
6
15
4
2
2
1
3
8
1
2
4
1
1
60
22
11
1
2
2
3
1
4
1
1
2
2
7
3
2
1,210
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 185
WHITE MALES.
LONGEVITY.
AGE. COLORED MALES. AGE.
Theodore Meves.................. 74
Henry Abrams.................... 85
Leopold Lilienthal.............. 71
Samuel Richards................. 72
Henry Truchlet................... 70
I. 8. K. Axson.................... 77
B. E. Hazel.......................... 70
Charles H. BeU................... 75
Joseph Gaily....................... 78
Abraham Golinski............... 76
John G. Sexton................... 77
Charles B. Ash.................... 70
David B. Gould.................. 71
William F. Law................... 74
John Wendelkin...... ......... 71
Elias Bail......................... 73
Patrick W. Baughn............ 77
WHITE FEMALES.
Mother Veronica North....... 71
Mrs. Caroline Palin............. 76
" Mary Jane Haupt........ 73
" M. D.Lovel................. 76
" Lydia Jones................ 7-i
" Margaret Hey ward...... 84
' JohannaSmith............ 73
" Mary Sturgis............... 8(t
" Mary Sullivan...... ...... 76
" Jobanna Hogan.......... 90
" Mary Tydings............. 93
" Harriet Hodges........... 70
" Catherine Gleason...... 82
" Ellen Monagban......... 83
" Elizabeth Truslow...... 72
Henrietta Caldwell...... 75
Susan Dunham .......... 79
Mary Turner .............. 70
Phoebe Young............ 91
Elizabeth A. Matthews 70
Anna E. Raderick...... 76
Mary Puder ... .......... 71
Mary Wynn............... 75
Margaret Doyle........... 89
Margaret Walsh.......... 73
Bridget Doyle.............. 74
Miriam Coheu............ 85
Mary Ann Haines...... 73
Ann P. Barnard ......... 72
M:iry A. Lovell........... 78
COLOLED MALES.
Frederick Habersham......... 86
Henry Tenent..................... 80
Cuffy Singleton................... 90
William Steel.... ................ 73
Charies Small..................... 85
Joseph Masick..................... 72
Isaac Brown ........ .............. 70
Abraham Johnson...... ........ 70
Prince Reid........................ 75
FrederickScreven............... 75
Edward Hornsby............... 75
Amos Denslow.................... 82
JohnMitchell............. ...... 70
Lee Edwards....................... 75
Adam Butler....................... 74
SnellJames........... ............. 90
Samuel Maloney................. 80
Edward Anderson............... 70
William Bentley................. 83
Andrew Neal...................... 87
Titus Quarterman............... 87
William Turner... .. ........... 70
Henry Wayne...................... 72
Bruuo Desry...................... 81
George Glower..................... 75
COLOBED FEMALES.
Hannah Battise.................. 80
Clara Manigault.................. 90
Lizzie Martin..................... 75
Mary V/ebb........................ 73
Betsy Converse.................... 79
Nora Tyson........................ 85
Ellen Williams.................... 76
Charity Davis..................... 86
Margaret Reed..................... 85
Eva Campbell..................... 86
Maria Carr.......................... 83
Cynthia Travel.................... 80
Mathelda Mack................... 73
Nancy Day.......................... 73
CeliaLawton........ .. ......... 90
Dolly Williams................... 75
Nancy Williams.................. 80
EstelleSavage..................... 77
Mary Thompson.................. 75
Eva Johnstone.................... 82
Sarah Stark........................ 80
Lucy Washington............... 70
Matilda Davis..................... 75
Ophelia Butler.................... 84
Peggy Bacon....................... 80
Rebecca Sneed..................... 77
Eliza Savage........................ 72
Dolly Wilson....................... 80
Rachael Alien...................... 75
Patience Proctor.................. 71
Betsy Grant........................ 75
Hannah Sanders................. 70
IV! ETETOROl-OG JCXAL SU JVI1VIAJRY FOR
<>!' SAVANNAH, UA., I^A
THE YEAK ENDING DEOEIVI
!12 (>', rAWHlTUi)'K Hl 15'.
lit.
MONTH,
1891.
-January ...........
February..., ......
March..............
April................
May ................
June. ...............
Julv .................
August ............
September .......
October. ...........
November.........
December ........
Means...... ....
MEAN PKKSKUltE.
(Corrected for Temperature and Instrumental Error
only.)
Elevation of Surface of Mercury in Barometer Cistern above
Mean Sea-Level on December 81, 1891, 87 feet.

1
3
c
%
30.07
30.07
29.96
80.00
29.95
29.90
30.00
29.96
30.01
30.04
30.10
30.17
30.02
ts
I
1 O
-4J
1
60
M
80.36
30.44
30.40
30.26
30.32
30.10
30.16
30.08
80.26
30.44
30.58
30.45
Highest
for Year.
30.58

Q
8
28
15
10
21
8
23
5
17
29
19
8
Date,
Nov.
19
>
1
O
2
1
29.56
29.51
29.56
29.58
2976
29.64
29.80
29.75
29.89
29.70
29.70
29.88
Lowest
for Year,
29.51
S
ft
11
26
21
21
5
18
8
1
(5
7
23
16
Date,
Feb.
26
&
5
J3"o
<
0.81
0.93
0.84
0.68
0.56
0.46
0.36
0.82
0.37
0.74
0.88
067
0.63
gg
2S
P.:*
s 1>
K&>
c
a
s:
4*
C
~o
60.4
60.6
5S.1
65.2
70.6
79.9
79.5
80.3
75.8
63.4
65.6
55.4
66.1
FROM SEW-REOiSTKRiNa INSTRUMENTS,
(Set Daily at 8 A. u. and 8 p. m., 75 Meridian
Time.)
Thermometer .Bulbs Above Ground on December 81, 1891, 66 feet.
S
s
S 'I
S
77
84
78
83
01
97
94
95
89
89
79
77
Max.
97
2
ft*
29
19
20
30
12
27
3
99
20
5
26
Date,
June
27
S
3
_E'c
s
30
28r.534.
eo
68
64
65
64
41
30
27
Mill.
27

ft
14
27
15
5
7
1
13
DA
23
28
19
1
Date,
Dec.
1

bO
c
S

1
47
66
43
49
41
29
30
30
25
48
49
60
41
a 1 EA 7* O
a a
> c
5 *
M 1^
K
I
748,r>
77
77
7fi
80
81
84
86
76
80
83
80
MONTH,
1891.
January............
February..........
March ..............
April.......... ....
May.................
June.... . ......... ...
July .................
August....... ....
September........
October ...........
November ........
December ........
Sums............
fc-7-
W 31
gfsl 0^
w
&
z
4.2
6.1
6.3
3.5
45
5.7
0.7
67
5.8
4.3
4.1
5.6
5.3
PRECIPITATION.
(In inches and hundred ths.)
Elevation of Top of
Guage Above Ground on
Decembers], 1891,
56 feet.
^a
a

3 <
I
1.00
2.23
5.08
2.91
1.87
1.98
9.70
11.54
2.69
2.46
2.05
1.23
Any consecutive
24 hours.
*>
a
g<*> 9 a> 9
^<3

a
.59
.67
2.04
1.70
1.12
1.09
2.09
330
1.14
1.07
.95
.31
44.77 ............
1
1
10 & 11
1
16 & 17
1 & 2
27
8 & 9
18
27 &28
26 & 27
10 & li
9 & 10
18 <te 19
WIND.
jB
1
.S -*A

s
I
1
H
5629
5912
0414
5286
5179
5078
6040
4319
4055
5816
5054
5485
Maximum Hourly
Velocity
During Month.
jj
1
30
33
85
24
30
26
24
38
26
26
26
36
n o
i

a
w.
N. E.
N. W.
N. W.
N. E.
N. W.
N. E.
N. W.
N. E.
S. E.
N. E.
W.
S
p
24
14
6
3
6
29
10
22
11
2
20
4
Direction. (From Prevailing
Self-Registering Instruments.)
N. W.
S. VV.
N. W.
*8. E.
*S. W.
*S. E.
8. W.
*8. W.
*N. E.
N. E.
N. E.
N. E.
Prevlng
direct'n
for year
N. E.
NUMBER OF DAYS.
m
3S
3
O
O
14
5
7
16
14
7
3
5
8
16
15
7
117
>>
13
3
O
O
^>
1
H"f
10
14
12
12
8
15
14
11
11
6
8
14
135
S

5
7
9
12
2
9
8
14
15
11
9
7
10
113
c
o
i
!

tf O 3
ss s
1u
c
M
i I O
6
12
14
6
11
11
17
18
8
8
10
14
135
E
_o "5
m
2
a +*
s
gco
*&
&
|
1'R
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
1

3
1
r
3
3
s
a
i
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
7
!

i,
S
|
I
Sa
g
0
0
0
0
1
10
8
18
0
0
0
0
32
S
S
C
u,
Va
a
a
a
H
0
0
1
1
4
1
3
8
0
0
0
0
18
8
s
<
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
*Calm.
Observation* are taken at 8 A. M. and 8 p. M. (75th Meridian Time.)
Location of Office on December 31.1891Street: Bav, corner of Drayton.
P. Hi SMYTH, Observer,
Number, 103 (Bay). Eoom, 13.
U, S. Weather JBureau> Department of Agriculture.
, . 186 MAYOR'S ANNUAL, REPORT.
i !'
! I t
i ' | '
REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT OF THE 4BBORLESS
EXCAVATING MACHINE.
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1st, 1892.
! Hon. J. J. McDonouffh, Mayor :
SIR  I have the honor to transmit herewith my
i report as Superintendent of the Odorless ExcavaI, ting Machine Department from January 1st, 1891,
; to December 31st, 1891.
The number of vaults cleaned from January 1st,
* ' 1891 to December 31st, 1891, were nine hundred
, * and nine (909).
The following amount of matter has been removed from the above mentioned vaults for the
, , year ending December 31st, 1891, 75,354 cubic
i. i feet.
* | The following number of vaults have been
1 ] abandoned and sewer connection made  116.
L ' The vaults had to be cleaned, disinfected and filled
' free of cost to the owners. The department had to
haul 17,308 cubic feet of sand to fill the above
vaults.
| 'i. The expenses of the department for the year
i have been as follows :
Salary of Superintendent...................! 1,200 00
I Time of hands................................. .6,78503
Repairs harness, horse shoes, etc......... 545 88
Forage for stock.............................. 1,84260
Charcoal, nails, tools, lumber, etc........ 79 42
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 187
Lime, cement, brick and sand,,.. ......... 89 35
Hire of teams................................. 871 50
$11,413 78
Against which was collected for cleaning and repairing vaults :
City Treasurer.................$ 3,458 77
City Marshal................ . 504 67
To be collected by City
Treasurer........ ........... 724 64
To be collected by City
Marshal...................... 71 00
Return sale of barrels....... 25 0014,784 08
Net cost of department for the year....$6,629 70
There has been one team and hands detailed
regularly to look after the sanitary condition of
Bilbo canal and the Perry lane sewer outlet and
disinfect the surroundings from April to November. To disinfect the above I have used twentyfour hundred (2,400) pounds of copperas every
week in connection with other disinfectants. All
of the privy vaults in the city have been disinfected regularly, from April to November, by two
single wagons and four men, which enabled me to
have all of the vaults in the city limits disinfected
every two weeks. The first four months I used
corrosive sublimate, and the last three months I
used a composition of copperas and acid. I would
also state that there was one or two wagons employed in the service of Dr. Brunner in removing
contents from houses affected by smallpox, and
also fumigating and whitewashing the same. They
had been employed in that manner for over sixty
188 MAYOR'S ANNUAL BEPOBT.
days. During the month of May both gangs and
teams of the department were detailed to assist the
Street and Lane Department in cleaning and removing the contents of Barnard street sewer. On
May 3d, I hired a force of men and had the following districts whitewashed and cleaned : From
Bay to Wheaton street, and from East Broad to
McAlister streets; York lane, both sides, from
' .' East Broad to Habersham street, and from River
to New, and from West Broad to the canal, with a
composition making a disinfectant as well as
a
* ' whitewash, and all of the yards and under all
houses cleaned of garbage and filth. The work
commenced in May and finished the last of July.
In accordance with orders from your Honor, I em-
*' ] ployed a force of men and had all the weeds cut
t < and removed from all vacant lots in the city limits,
and in removing them, I found that all such
f 1 places had been used for a scavenger dumping
ground. In several instances I had to disinfect
"  the ground after removing the weeds and other
* < matter.
I : Your obedient servant,
H W. J. CLEARY,
< Superintendent. i
} i K
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 189
REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT OF CREMATORIES.
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1st, 1892.
Hon. J. J. McDonough, Mayor :
SIRI have the honor to transmit herewith my
report as Superintendent of the Crematories from
February 2d to December 31st, 1891.
There was hauled during the year:
6,974 loads Garbage
1,077 Ids Night Soil
17 horses,
27 cows,
41 dogs,
5 goats,
8 barrels fish,
2,000 pounds meat,
5 hogs,
64 barrels pig feet
5 mules,
Equivalent to 18,749 cub yds
Equivalent to 5,856 cub yds
Equivalent to 17 cub yds
Equivalent to 27 cub yds
Equivalent to 5 cub yds
8,100 loads. Cubic yards... 24,654
The average loads hauled daily to the crematories for the two hundred and twenty-three working days were thirty-seven (37).
The average amount of garbage and night soil
burnt daily for two hundred and twenty-three
days were one hundred and ten and fifty-five hundredths (110.55) of cubic yards.
The expense for running the furnaces from Feb-
I
' i
IJi
19O MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
ruary to December 31st, 1891, have been as follows :
Salary of Superintendent..................$ 264 00
Salary of Foreman.................... ...... 250 00
Time of Hands................................ 2,744 20
Fuel............................. ............... 3,834 92
. Tools, Oils, etc... ............................. 28351
Time of hands draining-lots............... 112 20
Fuel used in testing furnaces and burnt
when crematory platform was de-
*-' stroyed by fire, valued at............... 39595
[' Total.........................................$7,884 78
' The average cost per cubic yard for burning of
; garbage and night soil to date, is twenty-nine (29)
* cents.
* The platforms at crematories were destroyed by
fire on the night of October 7th, 1891. The cause
or origin of the fire, as far as could be ascertained,
was from the covers of the furnace coming in contact with the woodwork of the platform. The fire
reached and consumed over one hundred cords of
wood. The furnaces and stack have been repaired
and platform rebuilt, and we commenced burning
again on December 22d, 1891. The work of the
furnaces since they have been overhauled has
been very satisfactory,' and the improvements on
|'t the platform has proven a success. The slopes
j makes the dumping easier and quicker. The open
part helps a great deal in separating the sand and
| ashes from the garbage, which makes it much
easier to handle and quicker to burn. While the
cost of burning the garbage this year has been in
excess of the specified cost, the advantages have
tl
r
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 191
been many. First, in saving the hire of extra
learns which have occurred every year, and saving
of the stock and wear of wagons. Secondly, it enabled the scavengers to gather the offal quicker
and rid the city of the great nuisances which have
been constantly complained of by the people. The
benefit of the crematories to the departments were
not known until the fire destroyed them. Then
the people found the value of them  when it was
almost impossible to clean the city of garbage with
the same force that had been doing it when the
crematories were in operation. The benefit, in a
point of health, is far ahead of all others. Every
person will agree that it is healthier to dispose of
the waste of a city by burning it, than it is to haul
it out and leave it in the open fields, as has been
done heretofore, and put it in the reach of a set of
people who sort the scavenger pile and bring back
to the city what we want to get rid ofa nuisance
in the shape of rags, bones, and other matter,
which, in my opinion, is detrimental to the health
of the city. The ashes from the furnaces are used
on the approaches to the crematories, and I find it
makes a good, hard roadway.
Your obedient servant,
W. J. CLEARY,
Superintendent.
192 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT SCAVENGER DEPARTMENT.
Hon. J. J. McDonough, Mayor :
DEAR SIRHerewith find statement of cost and
condition of Scavenger Department for 1891.
STOCK.
On hand January 1st, 1891, 41 head.
On hand January 1st, 1892, 41 head, consisting
of fortv mules and one horse. /
WAGONS.
On hand January 1st, 1891...........................20
,, Bought during year... ................................. 2
, j Total..................................................22
\\ On hand January 1st, 1892...........................22
f I EXPENSES.
H Pay Roll hands......... ....................$11,940 41
j Feeding stock........................... ...... 6,58485
Repairs to wagons, etc....................... 1,71097
| Superintendent's salary..................... 1,20000
Rent oflot..................................... 60000
Shoeing stock................................. 53040
Harness and repairs.......................... 31819
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 193
Hire of extra stock........................... 346 00
Two wagons built............................ 160 00
Tools........................................... 72 16
Veterinary's bills and medicines......... 108 50
Oil for lamps, grease for wagons and
harness....................................... 53 10
Total...................................... .$23,624 58
REMARKS.
Over twenty-four thousand loads of garbage
were hauled out of the city the past year. To do
this required twenty teams, though unable to run
that number all the time, and am not now, owing
to the disability of some of the stock and wagons.
With the twenty wagons I only had forty mules.
Not an extra head to be used in case of lameness
or sickness, which is liable to occur at any time.
Nor an extra wagon, till the latter part of the year,
to put on in case of a break down, and there have
been as many as three in one day. In these cases
I have been forced to put off the team till the
mules were able to work and wagons repaired, or
hire extra ones. This ought not to be, the department should have extra stock and wagons to use
in case of such emergencies. The teams in the
scavenger department are going every day in the
year. Not a day's rest do they have. They work
fifty-two days, or nearly two months more in the
year than those of the other city departments,
which, if you will stop to think, is considerable.
Two months extra wear and tare on wagons and
harness tell and call for repairs. One day's rest
13
104 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
out of each week is very acceptable and beneficial
to stock as well as man, and if the department had
( extra head, to give those needing it an occasional
' i rest, it might often prevent serious results. Just
!  here I would like to say, that there are about eight
;| mules in the department wholly unfit for the
work required of them, though I have been forced
, J to make out with them as best I could, but the
 , sooner they are condemned and disposed of, the
better, as they are a continual expense without being of much service. I am glad to be able to ref port the loss of no stock during the year, though I
j had several on the " anxious bench," so to speak,
! ' but by good attention brought them through.
', j WAGONS.
t
, * The majority on hand are old ones, bought
, ,  from the last contractor about five years ago, and
	were not new then by any means. They are con-
: , tinually needing repairs, which explains the heavy
j! expense under this head. It would be economy to
' 1 discard a good many of them entirely and buy new
' ; ones, as the amount spent in a year patching one
L\ of them up would buy a new wagon.
: < The roads out of the city leading to the dump-
[' ing grounds have very little attention paid them,
 i and during wet weather ai'e almost impassable, the
>* wheels of the wagons frequently sinking to the
4 hubs.
CREMATORY.
This has been a great assistance to the department. Had it not been for the short hauls it ren-
 ' dered, thereby enabling the drivers to make more
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 195
loads per day, I would have been unable to have
kept the city the past summer as clean as I did.
The present furnace does its work well, but unfortunately it is not large enough, consuming only
about half the accumulation of the city. I hope,
however, another year to see one on the eastern
side, sufficiently large for the two to consume all
the garbage collected for several years to come.
The garbage not burned is carried out to the
farms of the Messrs. Byals on the west side of the
city, the only places of a reasonable distance that
have been open to receiving the garbage the year
round, and the only points I have not been enjoined from dumping, either by the owners of the
property or neighbors, and as the city is extending,
I don't know how long I will be allowed to continue at the present grounds, and if the teams
. have to go much further out, they will not be able
to make as many loads a day and the force would
have to be materially increased. The expense
then, I think, would be as great, if not more so,
than running two crematories, to say nothing of
the benefits of successfully getting rid of the evil
effects of the garbage. With the assistance the
crematory renders, twenty teams is not sufficient
to visit every house once a day, as the ordinance
requires, during the spring and summer months.
The section south of Anderson street is attended
only twice a week Tuesdays and Fridays. This
is not often enough, especially during the summer,
but the best that can be done with the present
force. I am glad to know, however, that it will
be increased this year.
196 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
j, ' VIOLATING ORDINANCES.
j ! I beg to call your attention to the fact that mer-
\ i chants pay very little attention to the ordinance
! | prohibiting the sweeping of paper and trash in the
' J streets, not putting it in a box, or barrel, as is pre-
| scribed (with few exceptions). Those who do obi'  I serve the ordinance are much annoyed by children
i , going through the lanes, dumping the trash out
and taking the barrels off. This is done while lam
* making my rounds in another portion of the city.
J If the police were instructed to keep a lookout
i ': for these violaters and docket them whenever
*. found, it would be a great assistance to the Superintendent and enable him to keep the streets much
,I cleaner.
I The ordinance requiring occupants of houses to
'  , keep two receptacles, one for the combustible, and
* ] the other for non-combustible garbage, is observed
by very few. This retards the work and consum-
'f mation of garbage at the crematory.
* Another annoyance the department has to contend with is the indifference and tardiness with
which servants open gates for the drivers. If the
servant happens to have company, which is fre-
! quently the ease, or weather bad when the driver
] knocks, the reply will be " no trash, " or "come
j to-morrow, " refusing to open the gate, although
' the barrel is full. Let the occupant of the premises
go in the yard, see the trash, and inquire why it
has not been removed, the servant will tell them,
" No scavenger has been here for three or four
days. " Then a complaint is lodged against the
driver. I'll venture to say that eight complaints
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 197
out of every ten areas above. Yet the department
is held responsible and unjustly accused of being
neglectful.
COMPARISON.
The twenty-three thousand six hundred dollars
spent the past year is only thirty-six hundred
more than it cost for the department fifteen years
ago, when the city was not over half the size it is
now. The work then was done by contract. The
contractor receiving twenty thousand dollars a
year, not including Sunday work, nor sending the
wagons beyond Anderson street, which is now
done. Then, too, he only removed a limited
amount of trash from one place. Now the department removes everything in the shape of garbage,
regardless of quantity.
I take it from the Journal of the 16th instant,
that Atlanta, Ga., spent fifty-six thousand ($56,-
000) dollars last year on her scavenger department
in attending to less than three-fourths of the city,
and the Board of Health estimates to clean the entire city would take seventy-eight thousand
($78,000) dollars. Three and a half times as much
as the department here spent. Of course, Atlanta
is considerably larger than Savannah, claiming, I
believe, one hundred thousand inhabitants, which
admitting, would leave one and a half times to
Savannah's credit as a comparison. I cite this to
show that the department has not been extravagant in its expenditures, and the work done speaks
for itself. No section of the city was neglected in
the interest of another.
188 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Respectfully submitting the-above and thanking you for kindness shown me, I am,
Yours truly,
E. E. CHEATHAM,
Superintendent,
'..
f 
i
ir :
ii
r
I
H
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPOUT. 109
REPORT OF CITY PHYSICIAN.
EASTERN DIVISION.
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1st, 1892.
Hon. John J. McDonough, Mayor City of Savannah :
DEAR SIRI beg leave to submit to you herewith the report of the conduct of the City Physician's office in the Eastern division during the
year ending December 31st, 1891.
The report is, unfortunately, incomplete. The
illness of Dr. G. G. Larcombe having necessitated
his retiring from the position, the office changed
hands several times, not becoming permanently
fixed until about the middle of May. How much
confusion was caused thereby may be observed by
glancing at the figures for the months of May and
June.
The reports for the last six months of the year,
show a notable increase in work over that done
during the corresponding half of the previous year.
During the year, 240 patients have been sent to
the various hospitals, viz.: 61 to the Savannah
hospital, 77 to St. Joseph's Infirmary, and 102 to
the Georgia Infirmary.
Cases of malarial fever have been quite frequent,
usually, however, of a mild type and occurring for
the most part in the southern quarter of the city.
There has been but one death from malarial fever
among my patients.
2OO MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
8CHKDULE OF PATIENTS TREATED FOR 1891.
:l
ti' j H
MfXN'TH
January ...........
February..........
March..............
April................
May .................
July .................
August.............
September........
October....
November........
December.........
Totals ...........
Total Monthly
214
157
68
176
394
420
495
758
384
327
3.393
SBo><
>i 1
6.90
5.61
2.20
5.86
12.71
13.55
16-.iO
24.19
12.80
1055
11.09
>,
5 e
e EI
190
119
37
87
326
349
350
602
270
216
2.546
&I
>> 1
6.13
4.25
1.16
2.90
10.52
11.25
11.67
19.42
9.00
6-96
8.33
Treated InOffice
24
38
31
89
68
71
145
156
114
111
847
Dally Average
0.77
1.26
1.00
2.97
2.19
9 -XI
4.83
503
3.80
3.58
2.78
Deaths 88336
3 1
?5
*s.
W a,
53
*d
0588
13
120
25
36
37
VT'in
240
The deaths were due to the following causes :
Aneurism........................ ............... ........
1
Carcinoma....................................... .........
1
Bronchitis capillary.....................................
1
Convulsions...............................................
2
Dysentery, chronic......................................
1
Encephalitis...............................................
1
Eutero colitis.............................................
4
Gastritis....................................................
1
Heart Disease.............................................
1
Hemorrhage, pulmonary..............................
J
Malarial fever.............................................
1
Marasmus..... ............................................
2
Meningitis cerebral......................................
1
Paralysis...................................................
1
Phthisis pulmon.........................................
1
Pneumonia................................................
2
Syphilis congenital......................................
1
Undefined.................................................
2
Total..................................................25
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 2O1
The rate of mortality has been comparatively
high, but parental negligence has been to blame
for a considerable proportion of deaths. This
laxity is confined almost entirely to the negroes.
Most respectfully,
WM. E. GOMM,
Acting City Physician, Eastern Division.
II
202 MAYOR'S ANNUA L REPORT.
REPORT OF CITY PHYSICIAN.
WESTERN DIVISION.
; Hon. J. /. McDonough, Mayor of City of Savannah:
' DEAR SIRI have the honor to submit herewith my official annual report for the year 1891,
of the physician's office for the Western district.
There has been a satisfactory decrease in the
mortality of the district for the period covered by
v j this report.
. The permits for admission to the hospital are
slightly in excess of those for 1890. Where the
applications have been manifestly such as to appeal for prompt action, I have granted them. In
other cases they have beeu referred to the Mayor.
jf The greater number have been granted at the instance of reputable physicians in active practice.
During the year just closed I have issued 322
hospital permits, divided among the three institutions as follows :
Georgia Infirmary......................... ............123
Savannah Hospital....................................112
St. Joseph's Infirmary................................. 87
I 
Total ................................................322
The deaths for the period embraced in this report number 27.
I have treated about forty cases of incised, lace-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 2O3
rated, contused and gunshot wounds; ten fractures ; five difficult accouchement cases, and one
case of poisoning from laudanum.
The deaths to which I have referred may be
classified as follows:
Acute Bronchitis.....................................:... 1
Ambusta.................................................... 1
Apoplexy.......... ..............................,.1...... 1
Bright's Disease...... ........... ....................... 1
Convulsions............................................... 2
Chronic Dysentery.................................. ... 2
Cholera Infantum.............. ........................ 1
Congestion of the Brain................................ 1
Dentition.............. ................................... 5
Enteretis................................................... 1
Indigestion...... ..... .................................... 1
Influenza................................................... 1
Moribund.................................................. 1
Old Age.................................................... 1
Phthisis Pulmonaris............ ....................... 6
Syphilis....................... ...................... ...... 1
Total...................................................27
During the year I have visited on the average
about twenty patients daily, outside of the office.
I would respectfully recommend that either the
City Dispensary be located more centrally, or in
lieu thereof that a branch dispensary be established
in the southern section. The growth of the city
in that direction has been greal, and the City Dispensary is too remote from the center of the city.
The following tabulation, by months, will disclose the more active work of the office for the
year 1891:
2O4 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
-'
MONTHS
February .........
March..............
April ...............
A'nvr
June.................
July .................
October............
December.........
Total.. ... ........
Deaths
2
1
4
0
3
0
S
3
2
1
27
CONSULTED AND VlblTED PATIENTS
White
134
102
165
12-5
120
142
163
155
108
177
195
129
1,715 '
Colored
334
300
225
305
290
327
297
342
394
275
206
302
3,597
Total
468
402
3flO
430
410
469
460
497
602
452
401
431
5,312
AIL of which is respectfully submitted,
BENJ. F. SHEFTALL, M. D.,
City Physician of the Western District.
I
ir
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 2O5
REPORT OF KEEPER LAUREL GROVE CEMETERY.
SAVANNAH, December 31st, 1891.
Hon. J. J. McDonough, Mayor :
DEAR SIRI have the honor to submit the following annual report for the present year.
The cemetery is in good condition, except the
fencing, which needs repairing.
During the present year there has been collected :
For sale of burial lots (White)............J 79000
For sale of burial lots (Colored)........:.. 200 00
For burial fees.................................. 1,136 25
Total receipts..............................$2,126 25
EXPENSES.
Paid salary of Keeper from December
31st, 1890, to December 31st, 1891.....$ 999 96
Paid salary of detective for services rendered to January 1, 1892.................. 420 00
Paid for pump and repairs to same....... 40 00
Paid for material, tools, lumber, whitewashing, fencing, etc....................... 168 44
Paid for laying sidewalk on Anderson
street........................................... 268 79
Paid time of hands, labor............. ...... 5,444 12
$7,341 81
2O6 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
1
t1
t
Number of interments at expense of city :
Whites from city................................ 29
Whites from hospital........................... 21 50
Colored from city............................... 98
Colored from infirmary.......................107205
Total.................................................255
Number of interments in Laurel Grove Cemetery and cemetery for colored persons, from January 1st, 1891, to January 1st, 1892:
MONTHS
February .....................
March ..........................
April ........................ ...
May .............................
June............ .............. ...
July .............................
September........ .. ........
October.... ....................
November ....................
Total.........................
WHITE
^
35O1c
Ol
J3**mH
33
S3
?3
?fl
14
15
26
27
20
34
291
as
08
C J
0
Q
B
5
GG
A5585
fi4
fi33
50
2e
<n 1M
j^f>64B137
0
_
'aH
40
35
31
34%
2 21 8167
23
38
.S3
44
42 383
COTMKED
-2" 1a
pj 1
ft
QC
51
47
50
67
65
52
57
55
60
707
g1S
/s"
0
Lj
^
3
OQ
10
11
14
11
109
19
11
155
19
12
12
150
2a<u1-S
fi
l"<u 5O4B
fl112518414
40
'1
oo
70
78
73
79
ft4
7?.
89
68
7B
898
m
cS
 fi
03
O
"at
**
6^
103
103
98 m
111
100
87 m
97
1281
Number of interments from its opening, October, 1852:
Whites........ .................. ................ ...15,083
Colored............................ ...................25,905
Total................. ...........................40,988
Very respectfully,
W. L. HAUPT,
Keeper Laurel Grove Cemetery.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 2O7
REPORT OF KEEPER CITY DISPENSARY.
SAVANNAH, GA., January 9th, 1892.
Hon. J. J. McDonough, Mayor of Savannah :
SIRI have the honor to submit the following
report of persons supplied with medicines from
the Dispensary during the year ending December
31st, 1891; also, the number of prescriptions compounded.
MONTHS
Junuary......... .....................
February............................
March ................................
April.... .............................
TWav
June r. .................. .............
July.......... ..........................
August ..............................
September ........ .................
Total......... :..... ..............
Applications
J
678
419
376
369
409
4H8
583
65U
617
679
498
490
6,078
.2
3
235
140
120
141
138
186
168
191
205
231
170
163
2,038
Colored
443
279
256
^28
271
272
415
361
412
448
328
827
4,040
Prescriptions
841
521
436
448
501
490
687
67
741
815
599
596
7,342
In addition to the above, I have furnished the
necessary medicines to the Pest House, Police
Barracks, Fire Department and Quarantine Station.
Respectfully,
LEWIS CASS,
Keeper City Dispensary.
H"
t 
2O8 MAYOR'S ANNUAL BEPOBT.
r REPORT OF HARBOR MASTER.
: i _____
: .< SAVANNAH, GA., January 6th, 1892.
1 ' Hon. J. J. McDonough, Mayor :
'' i DEAR SIRI have the honor to report that I
have deposited with the City Treasurer the sum of
five thousand one hundred and sixty-eight dollars
and twenty-eight cents ($5,168 28), amount of
*. harbor fees collected for the past year. The total
i; number of vessels arriving at this port during the
' I past year are as follows :
! v American Steamships................................ 417
'! American Sailing Vessels........................... 360
'{! Foreign Sailing Vessels............................. 245
' Foreign Steamships.................................. 117
Total..............................................1,139
Tonnage, one million ninety-three thousand six
r hundred and sixty-seven (1,093,667). This numf ber does not include the arrivals at Quarantine or
Tybee, but only those vessels which have arrived
at the wharves. It does not include river or ini,J land coasting vessels, or vessels under one hun-
| dred tons, except those trading foreign. Annexed
t find a tabulated monthly statement of tonnage and
j- fees. Respectfully,
r R. C.KENNEDY,
Harbor Master,
HARBOR MASTER'S ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1891.
1891
January..... .........
February..............
Maioh .................
April...................
May.....................
June...................
July.....................
August ...............
September............
October,.,....,......,.
November............
December.............
Total.................
American
75,412
63,997
86,431
64,916
62,765
64,895
52,024
63,864
63,526
75,349
68,200
67,215
808,584
British
19,733
8,412
7,059
5,690
2,124
3,147
976
18,415
36,104
30,344
18,754
140,758
Norwegian
5,554
9,340
3,180
6,161
6,782
6,975
834
7,874
6,961
8,954
6,763
15,624
83,402
A
a"5
aCO
509
414
545
1,042
168
225
3.193
1,028
807
7,931

O
i)2S
2,558
418
2,379
2,261
1,040
9 fUR
2,968
14,600
Swedish
2,418
861
530
2,530
676
1,120
569
686
9,390
Russian
496
623
1,164
399
618
1,334
4,634
Austrian
1,472
520
1,136
563
771
4,462
Italian
893
2.396
1,461
1,047
69-5
1,492
484
987
1,095
606
11,056
Portuguese
563
601
1 1 144
601
601
3,510

3?
498
498
498
1,494
ft J
S
ft
613
70
.
1.333
Danisb
004
3S4
French
0 1QQ
2,139
Totalonnage
108,626
on 101
100,905
82,109
73,013
83,076
co enrt
74,027
87,282
IOQ OQS;
110,164 1/19*10
1,091,667
ft
* 476 16
JQ7 ftA
357 50
OJA fiA
271 12
317 38
236 74
28892
385 98
771 72
591 00
63490
15,168 28
Respectfully, R. C. KENNEDY,
Harbor Master,
21O MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
; REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
;' The total number of pupils enrolled in the city
' i i schools during the last year is 4,638, being an ex-
 t cess of 251 over the number enrolled the preceding
f" ' year.
i ; SCHOOL ACCOMMODATIONS.
; The growth of the city's population, from year
(.) to year, necessarily calls for increased school ac-
! ' commodations. From the want of permanent
' | buildings owned by the school authorities, the
'A, board has been compelled to rent rooms as a tem-
' porary expedient to answer the demands of the
public. Three buildings are now rented, in which
a sufficient number of pupils is gathered, to constitute one entire graded school. These buildings
are in every way unfit for school purposes. It will
be gratifying to the public to learn that there is
now in course of erection, a commodious and elegant school building, constructed on the most ap-
, proved plan, equipped with all the modern appli-
' ances, and answering, it is believed, for years to
come, demands for the education of the white
children in the city.
There is need for additional accommodations for
the colored children. Very many of this class
  have been refused admission into the schools for
want of room. This class of our population will
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 211
be pleased to know that the board has in contemplation the erection of a building for their use so
soon as the requisite means are placed at their disposal.
GROWTH OP THE SCHOOL SYSTEM.
The increase in the number of teachers and
pupils in the schools shows a constant and healthy
growth in the prosperity and population of the
city. A. comparison of the statistics as given in
the first annual report, when there were sixteen
teachers employed with an enrollment of 705
pupils, with those presented in the tables above
submitted, which exhibit a teaching corps of
ninety-one teachers and an enrollment of 4,638
pupils, will most effectually tell the story of the
progress of our educational system. Nor has this
been a mere growth in numbers. The matured experience of our teachers, some of whom have been
identified with the schools from their inception ;
the study and application of new and improved
methods of instruction, and the confidence reposed
by the general public in those who give direction
to the administration of the system, have given
the schools a reputation for thoroughness which
has greatly contributed to their general usefulness,
THE WORK OF THE YEAR.
The monthly reports of the Superintendent,
which are required under your rules, keep the
board fully advised of the work done in the
schools. But the annual report, although immediately submitted to the board, is intended to furnish information to the public at large of the condi-
212 MAYOR'S ANNUAL 11EPOBT.
tion and operation of what may, in a peculiar
sense, be considered their schools. However much
it is to be desired that parents should frequently
visit and inspect these schools, experience proves
that this duty (for, certainly, it is no misnomer to
call it a duty) is not performed. Institutions
which have control of pecuniary interests and investments require no special inducements to enlist
the attention of those interested in them, but
parents are content to leave the question of the
education of their children almost exclusively to
those under whose tuition they are placed. For
this, if for no other reason, it seems proper to give
a short history of the work accomplished during
the year.
The schools were re-opened on the first Monday
in October. The long vacation of three months,
which caused much of what had been learned
during the last year to be forgotten, made it necessary to review work that had already been done.
This might seem to a layman unnecessary, and,
perhaps, a waste of time, but to one familiar with
child-mind, it is well known that much that has
been studied fails to be absorbed and appropriated,
and that it is only by repetition and frequent reviews that principles are permanently fixed in the
minds of children. This being done, advanced
work was taken up and the regular routine duties
laid down by the board entered upon. The schools
were seriously interrupted by the influenza, which
prevailed to an unusual extent among the pupils
and teachers, and also by the compulsion of all
the children to submit to vaccination as a precaution against the smallpox. Notwithstanding
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 213
these obstacles, I believe the year's work has been
fairly good. The teachers have all been faithful
to their trusts. The principals have, in not a single
instance, recommended the dropping of any of
their assistants from the roll. I am safe in saying
that very few of the teachers appear before their
classes without thorough preparation on the lessons they are to teach. The pupils have, in a large
majority of cases, beon diligent in their studies,
and have yielded cheerful obedience to necessary
rules, established for the government of the
schools. No harsh discipline'has been resorted to,
and there have been very few cases of suspension.
In the final examination, the pupils have been
generally advanced into higher classes. I feel satisfied that the work of the year has been faithful
and thorough on the part of the teachers, and
profitable to all pupils who have been regular in
their attendance and reasonably diligent in their
studies.
EVENING SCHOOL.
In the organization of the evening school a new
feature has been engrafted upon the system of
education in this city. With all the inducements
offered in the way of gratuitous education, there
will necessarily be in every city a class of youth
who, by reason of the stern exigencies of life, cannot avail themselves of these privileges. This fact
has been apparent for a long time to the Board of
Education. As an experiment an evening school
was established at Chatham Academy on the 1st of
February, and some of the regular teachers were
employed to take charge- of the several classes. As
214 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
the statistical tables show, 154 pupils were enrolled
with an average attendance of 127 during the
term. While there were some, who, from curiosity
i and unworthy motives attended, these very soon
i : Voluntarily left, or were excluded. The large
 majority were meritorious boys and young men,
 who earnestly desired to supplement their meager
J education. The result of this experiment was not
, ( only satisfactory, but gratifying. That there is an
 ' urgent demand for an evening school cannot be
 . doubted. The experience of the four months
during which the school was in session shows that
there should be some modification of the plan. It
is highly desirable that a building separate from
those used for the day schools should be furnished.
} ( It is not necessary to enumerate the reasons for
I. this suggestion, as they will readily appear to every
member of the board. In the second place it is
; better that teachers not employed in the day
schools should be employed; promded they are
men of teaching ability and experience. I would
suggest that the teachers in all cases should be
men. It requires stronger teachers to govern and
instruct pupils who attend these schools than those
who belong to the day schools. It would be a
fatal experiment to employ inexperienced and in-
| efficient teachers.
I Judging from the developments of the last year t
it seems that the curriculum should be confined to
the elementary branches, and a six months' session is all that is for the present required. With
these modifications and the adoption of these suggestions, I believe the evening school will be a
great benefit to the city.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
GRADUATION EXERCISES AND GRADUATES.
216
As the board has adopted the policy of awarding diplomas to pupils who had successfully completed the course of study in the Grammar
Schools, it was deemed proper at the close of the
year to have some public exercises, when the President would deliver the diplomas to the graduates
in the presence of their parents and friends. The
public exhibition was held in Catholic Library
Hall, on the afternoon of Thursday, June 26. The
hall was filled to its utmost capacity, and the exercises, consisting of declamations and recitations
from representatives from the several schools, were
very much enjoyed by the large audience. At the
close, diplomas were delivered by the President to
118 graduates. The exercises for the colored
schools were held on the next afternoon at the
New Street Church, and were of a similar character to those of the white schools. The Superintendent awarded diplomas to twenty-two graduates.
The Commencement exercises in the High
schools were held on the 26th of June at Hunter
Hall. Original compositions were read by the
graduates, after which a very eloquent and instructive address was delivered to them by the
Hon. A. P. Adams of this city. With a few appropriate words, the President of the board presented
diplomas to fifteen girls and ten boys.
RECOMMENDATIONS.
1 renew the recommendations made in previous
reports: That a class for instruction in Steno-
216 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
 graphy and Typewriting be organized in the High
'. School, and that a special teacher of drawing be
appointed for all the schools. An instructor in
i ' vocal music would contribute much to the popu-
% , larity of the system of education in the city, and
| * would do much to lessen the tedium of routine
work. Savannah, while fully abreast with the times
{  in all the substantiate of education, is somewhat
behind in those departments which relate to the
! I aesthetics. It is to be hoped that the time is not
* distant when these studies will be incorporated
into the general curriculum.
CONCLUSION.
j In bringing this report to a close, I take pleas-
* ,, ure in expressing my appreciation of the hearty
)   and efficient co-operation I have received from
i 1 principals and teachers in my administration of
: the work of the year. I acknowledge renewed
	obligations to the President and members of the
J ' Board of Education for their continued support
1 , and confidence.
j Respectfully submitted,
.j W. H. BAKER,
June 30, 1891. Superintendent.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 217
REPORTS OF CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS.
SAVANNAH HOSPITAL.
FOR OFFICIAL YEAR, FEBRUARY IST, 1891, TO JANUARY 31sT, 1892.
Number of patients remaining Feb. 1st, 1891. 59
" " " admitted from Feb. 1st,
1891, to Jan. 31st, 1892.......................... 553
Number of patients discharged from Feb. 1st,
1891, to Jan. 31st. 1892........................... 504
Number of patients died from F^b. 1st, 1891,
to Jan. 31st, 1892.................................. 44
Number of patients remaining Feb. 1st, 1892. 64
Total number treated ................................ 612
Largest number in hospital at any time......... 68
Smallest " " " " " " ........ 29
Average number of attendants .................... 21
Total expense for year.......................$14,650 68
Still born ............................................... 1
Brought in moribund................................ 8
Mortality per cent.................................... 7.19
Mortality exclusive of moribund cases and still
born.................................................... 6.34
City appropriation for 1891..................$3,600 00
218 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
' ' ' ST. JOSEPH'S INFIRMARY.
i  YEAR JANUARY IST TO DECEMBER 31sT, 1891.
Number of patients remaining January, 1891. 39
i  " " " admitted from January,
i \\ 1891, to January, 1892........................... 324
| . Number of patients discharged from January,
i , , 1891, to January, 1892........................... 305
Number of patients died from January, 1891,
to January, 1892................................... 22
Number of patients remaining January, 1892. 36
Total number treated................................. 363
; i Largest number in hospital at any time........ 39
Smallest " " " " " " ........ 24
i Average number of attendants.................... 19
| Brought in moribund...............6 males, 1 female
! t. Mortality excessive of moribund cases and
!' stillborn............................. ............... 15
\ City appropriation for 1891..................$3,600 00
GEORGIA INFIRMARY.
TREASURER'S REPORT.
SAVANNAH, GA., Jan. 1st, 1892.
To balance on hand at last annual report.$ 572 53
To cash received during year 1891......... 7,162 60
Total.....................................$7,735 13
To amount expended as by vouchers ..... 5,016 05
To balance on hand January 1st, 1892... 2,719 08
THE SOURCES OF KEVENUE HAVE BEEN:
To cash City of Savannah monthly appropriation, $300 per month ............$3,600 00
To cash annual appropriation Chatham
County for 1892............................. 1,50000
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 219
To cash dividends Reppard Iron Co...... 25 00
To cash pay patients........................... 517 50
To cash from other sources.................. 1,520 10
ASSETS.
Ten (10) shares Reppard Iron Co., donated by R. B. Reppard, Esq., par value flOO per share...........................$1,000 00
Number of patients remaining in Infirmary
Jan. 1st, 1891......... ........................ .... 36
Number of patients admitted to Infirmary
during 1891.......................................... 448
Number of patients discharged from Infirmary during 1891....... ............................. 342
Number of patients died in Infirmary during
1891.................................................... 101
Number of patients remaining in Infirmary
Jan. 1st, 1892....................................... 41
Average number of attendants..................... 8
Largest number of patients in Infirmary at
any one time........................................ 60
Smallest number of patients in Infirmary at
any one time ....................................... 35
Average number of patients in Infirmary during 1891 ............................................. 47
Expenses per annum..........................$5,016 05
Expenses per diem................................$13 74
Expenses per capita per diem.......................29c.
Mortality for 1891 ...................................S0.87
Respectfully submitted.
THOS. J. CHARLTON, M. D.,
Treasurer.
Hi
' t i-
| 230 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
BETHESDA ORPHAN HOME.
, The Bethesda Orphan House is ten miles from
the city. It was instituted by Rev. George Whit-
 field in 1740. It is now conducted under the
j  auspices of the Union Society, one of the eharita-
, ble organizations of Savannah. There are at this
, time 97 boys at Bethesda, who, besides being fed
. and clothed, have the benefits of a good school,
' technological training, and practical instruction in
farming. About $10,000 is now expended every
i * year in maintaining the institution, which is partly
. raised by membership dues, and partly from permanent investments,
t
1 BETHESDA, April 28, 1892.
; To the Members of the Union Society:
 I take pleasure in reporting that your Society has
had another prosperous year. Nothing of very
great moment has occurred, but there has been a
general improvement in everything connected with
Bethesda, and in the business affairs of the Society.
, What has been done speaks for itself. Ninetysix healthy and well behaved boys bear witness to
the increased usefulness of this ancient charity,
and this year, as in the many others in its history,
Bethesda has sent forth a number of its beneficiaries, fairly well equipped to take part in life's battle. We have every reason to hope that these boys
will become worthy citizens.
The Parsons' Technological School, which was
not doing so well as I wished at the last anniversary, now forms an important part of the educational features of Bethesda. In June last the
School Committee secured the services of Mr. J. A.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 221
Hunter, Jr., a graduate of the Pennsylvania Manual Training School, who entered upon his duties
on August 1st. Mr. Hunter has given entire satisfaction, and the interest he manifests in technological training, argues well for the future of his
pupils. In addition to the courses in wood and
iron work, one in printing has heen lately added.
This required a small investment in type and other
material. There was already a small power press,
a present from the President, on hand.
The common school under Mr. J. M. Gillespie
and his assistants, Miss Wallis and Miss Furguson,
has greatly improved, and the progress of the scholars will compare favorably with any other school
in the county. The discipline of the school is
good. A part of the Technological building is
used as a school room. It is very important that
the entire building should be devoted to the purposes for which it was intended. A new school house
should be erected for the accommodation of the
classes using the room in the Technological
building.
The eastern wing of the orphan house has not
been built. It is very necessary that it should be
as there is a great need for more room. I have
hesitated to recommend that the permanent fund
be encroached upon for that purpose, but I see no
other way in which we can erect the proposed
building. The Society expects to get quite a sum
of money, sufficient to do this work, from a source
that has never yielded any considerable income to
the Society, and I recommend, in the event we get
it, that it be used for building the eastern wing.
With the consent of the Board of Managers, I
222 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
recently purchased from the estate of Thomas Henderson a tract of land, about thirty acres, adjoining
Bethesda on the south, for $400.00. Owing to
legal difficulties the titles have not yet been delivered nor the money paid, but I hope the purchase
will be completed in a few days.
The property on the corner of Bay and Jefferson
streets was leased October 1st, 1891, to Henry Solomon & Sons for the term of fifteen years, at a
rental of $1,200 a year, the lessees paying for all
improvements and repairs.
The room in the third story of the Whitfield
Building is under lease to the Board of Education
, for the use of the Public Night School. The ren-
; ' tal is $300.00 a year.
j j Lots 105, 111 and 112 Springfield Plantation,
j j' , formerly under ground rent to the estate of Joseph
;, Finegan, and for possession of which his heirs are
\' . suing the Society, are still in litigation.
Mr. W. B. Rice's note for $15,000 came due on
 . the 1st inst., and has been paid, with interest.
I .. The Board of Managers accepted $150.00 in set1 ' tlement of the legacy left to the Society by the
I will of H. L. Stibbs, and the money has been paid
| i 1 to the Treasurer.
I " Fred Oborn, whom the Society placed in Emory
\ College, is still pursuing his studies. He has been
[ a good student and fully appreciates the advantages
' the Society has placed at his command. It is desirable to know what the Society proposes to do further in this matter, and I request your advice on
the subject.
The Tipperary plantation and the Iowa lands
are still on our hands.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 223
The Bethesda farm is in good condition, and
with fair seasons does well. It has of late years
produced but little beyond what is required to
meet the demands of the orphan house.
Supt. Chaplin is as much devoted to his trust as
ever, and the Society is fortunate in having such a
man in charge of its orphanage. Kind hearted,
but firm, and scrupulously correct in his every day
life, he is not only a disciplinarian but an exemplar
for the boys under his care. Mr. Gillespie and Mr.
Hunter and Miss Wallis and Miss Furguson have
all been active in the discharge of their various
duties, and have done and are still doing their full
share of the good work in which your Society is
engaged.
Our kind friends, Mrs. Furguson and family,
have conducted the Sunday School as usual, and
have been assisted by the ladies and gentlemen of
the orphan house. We are indebted to Messrs.
Law ton & Cunningham and Lester & Rayenel for
legal advice and services, and to Drs. Colding,
Duncan and Dupont for medical attention.
Owing to the committee not having completed
the examination of the books of the Treasurer I
am unable to present at this time a statement of
the financial condition of the Society. The report,
however, will appear in the printed proceedings
for this year.
In closing, I beg leave to thank the Vice-President, the Board of Managers, the Secretary and
Treasurer, the Stewards of the Society, and the
officers and the attaches of Bethesda, for their co-
224 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
operation and assistance in carrying on the business of the Society.
Respectfully,
J. H. ESTILL,
President.
HOME FOR THE AGED
OF THE LITTLE SISTERS OF THE POOR.
This work of charity, the object of which is to
provide a comfortable home for the aged poor of
both sexes without regard to creed or country, was
commenced in Savannah January 4th, 1890, with
the approbation and by the zealous efforts of the
Right Rev. Bishop Becker.
The conditions for admission are: to be destitute,
to be of sane mind, good moral character, and at
least sixty years of age.
The sisters have to provide their old people with
food and clothing, to nurse and watch them when
sick. For that object they have no fund, receive
no pension, but depend entirely on charitable contributions. Hence they are obliged to go around
collecting. To them any kind of donation is welcomemoney, clothing, meat, bread, vegetables,
etc., and will be called for when requested.
Nearly three hundred houses have been established on the same plan and with general sympathy in all quarters of the world.
Visitors admitted daily from W A.M.. until 5 P. M.
" Remember the old and infirm poor."
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 225
LITTLE MINNTE MISSION (Private).
Capacity of institution................................ 45
Number admitted during year...................... 25
Number taken out for adoption.................... 9
Number on hand at present ......................... 16
Number died during year ........................... 
Cost of maintenance ..........................$1,600 00
Attendants............................................... 3
This institution was founded by Mrs. Charles
Green, formerly of this city, and devoted to the
care of very young children, irrespective of creed
or country.
No deaths have occurred at the institution since
1882.
SAVANNAH FEMALE ORPHAN ASYLUM.
Capacity of institution........................... .... 60
Number of inmates.................................... 56
Died during year....................................... 
Cost of maintaining said institution......$4,597 00
Attendants............................................... 4
To clothe and feed orphan girls.
Incorporated 1807.
THE SAVANNAH WIDOWS' SOCIETY.
The Savannah Widows' Society was instituted
in 1822. The Abrahams Home, corner of Broughton and East Broad streets, a gift to the Savannah
Widows' Society from Mrs. Dorothea Abrahams,
was opened for the reception of its aged inmates
(without regard to religious creed or nationality),
in 1859. Each of the thirty-six inmates has a
room, with fuel and lights. An efficient matron
15
226 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
presides over the Home, and has three servants to
assist her.
A companion charity, under the management of
the Widows' Society, is the Mary Telfair Home,
corner of President and West Broad streets (a
bequest from Miss Mary Telfair to the Society and
named in her memory). It is occupied by twelve
widows with small children, each family having a
flat with partial support in health and additional
aid in sickness. Visitors are welcome who wish to
inspect either Home.
.ST. FRANCIS' ORPHAN HOME.
Expenses during the year ending December 31st,
1891, for supporting twenty (20) orphan children,
not including clothing or medical aid, amounted
to $1,206.00.
Many applications have been received, but being
unable to care for more without assistance, they
were obliged to be rejected. The orphans are supported by our labor, in doing laundry work.
Donations received the year 1891, $53.00.
Respectfully yours,
MOTHER BEASLEY, O. S. F.
L
!
SAVANNAH.
Oommerclal Relations Between the West and Savannah
Commercial History of SavannahPleas for Deep Water
at SavannahAppendices.
! "I think the South is the most interesting field
*; of study to be found at present in any part of the
j world. It is endowed by nature with greater ad-
; vantages than any similar area in the world. It
1 I contains all the materials for new industries in
I..  great profusion. Its coal and iron are not only
unlimited in quantity, but so placed in contiguity
:' i as to make their development both easy and profitable. The South has a practical monopoly of cotton, which now secures for her exchanges with the
>-| rest of the world to the extent of three hundred
i and fifty millions of dollars annually.* There is
no country in the world, the industrial prosperity
I , f of which is planted on a foundation so stable as
.,. this. Georgia well deserves her title of ' Empire
I State of the South.'"Extract from an interview
with Hon. A. S. Hewilt.
Now $400,000,000 annually.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
SAVANNAH.
329
Savannah is situated on a plateau about 45 feet
high at the head of ocean navigation on the Savannah River, and is 18 miles by water from the sea.
It is in the 32 parallel of north latitude, and
has an average annual temperature of about 66 F.
It is healthful, and is one of the handsomest
and most desirable residence cities in the South.
Its location and natural advantages as a commercial port are unsurpassed.
It was founded by Oglethorpe in 1733, and is
now the most important city on the South Atlantic coast, having a population of about 50,000.
It covers an area of 4,000 acres, has an assessed
property valuation of $20,000,000, and had in 1890
an ocean commerce of $152,813,000.
The city has 110 miles of streets, 65 acres-of
public parks, 25 miles of street railway, and nearly
5 miles of wharves, with more than twice that
length of water front available and yet to be developed.
THE HARBOR OF SAVANNAH.
The harbor of Savannah consists of the Savannah River from the city to Tybee Roads, and
comprises an anchorage, with depths of 26 feet
and upward, of 1,861 acres, which will be increased to 2,328 when the proposed improvements
are completed. For a commercial port, however,
a large area for anchorage is not demanded so
much as abundant dock facilities with convenient
approaches. These Savannah possesses in an
eminent degree, and the construction of docks at
23O MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
i
private and corporate expense will keep pace with
the increasing demands of commerce. The harbor
has long been noted for its immunity from storms,
and for the excellent quality of the river water,
which will keep without deterioration in the
holds of vessels for an indefinite length of time.
1 The ocean bar is one of the deepest and best on
' f the South Atlantic coast. The depth of water in
. | the bar channel has not sensibly changed in a
 ! century, there being 26 feet at mean high tide.
*! In 1874, when the United States Engineer De1 partment resumed charge of the improvement of
I, the harbor, the usual high waterdraught of vessels
* to the city was about 14.5 feet. The improve-
' ments executed up to date have resulted in securl ing a navigable channel 22 feet deep at mean high
J1 . tide from Savannah to the sea. On July 22,1890,
the Secretary of War approved a project having for
- . its object the obtaining of a depth of 26 feet of
i water in the river from the city to the sea, and on
September 19,1890, Congress appropriated $350,000
.,,, with which to inaugurate the work.
REVISED PROJECT OF IMPROVEMENT FOR SAVANNAH
. HARBOR AND RIVER, WITH A VIEW TO OBTAIN-
' ING A CHANNEL DEPTH OF TWENTYH SIX FEET.
/ UNITED STATES ENGINEER OFFICE,
\\ Baltimore, Md., July 16, 1890.
GENERAL: I have the honor to send forward the
' report of Lieutenant Carter, dated June 30, 1890,
with accompany papers and maps, all relating to a
revised project of improvement for the Savannah
River near and below Savannah, Ga., with a view
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 231
of obtaining a depth of 26 feet at mean high "water
from the city to the ocean.
This project and preceding survey are understood to be the result of the instructions of the
Chief of Engineers, dated January 11, 1889. The
work and the discussion of it are believed to be
the best yet done for this river.
The project is approved, subject to such minor
modifications as the progress of the work will
surely suggest.
The estimate is also approved. If the money
for the execution of the project were supplied as
fast as it could be economically expended, the cost
could be much reduced.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
WM. P. CRAIGHILL,
Colonel, Corps of Engineers.
Brig. Gen. THOMAS L. CASEY,
Chief of Engineers, U. S. A.
[First indorsement.]
OFFICE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS,
U. S. ARMY,
July 21, 1890.
Respectfully submitted to the Secretary of War.
The plan _of improvement under which operations have been carried on up to date provides for
the establishment of a channel from Tybee Roads
to the City of Savannah practicable at high tide
for vessels drawing 22 feet of water, and the widening of the channel of the river opposite the city to
600 feet, of uniform depth with the balance of the
channel.
To comply with the provisions of the River and
Harbor Act of August 5,1886, a survey was made,
232 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
under the direction of Col. Q. A. Gillmore, Corps
I j ' of Engineers, of the "Savannah River from cross-
' | tides above Savannah to the bar, with a view to
: obtaining 28 feet of water in the channel," and an
' I estimate for the improvement was submitted
t j amounting to $6,660,000 (Annual Report Chief of
i Engineers, 1888, Part II., pages 1,059-1,073). As
, j no action has been taken on this report, and a
 i mean high-water depth of 22 feet being insufficient
j to accommodate the large and rapidly-growing
j. commerce on the Savannah River, and the project
 t for securing a depth of 28 feet requiring so large
t' an expenditure, I directed Lieutenant Carter to
prepare and submit a project with an estimate of
I the cost of obtaining a channel of 26 feet at high
j water, and it is in compliance with these instruc-
,, tions that the within project is submitted. It is
recommended that the future operations on this
river be directed to securing a depth of 26 feet, as
,,. within proposed, and that the project be amended
in that particular.
THOS. LINCOLN CASBY,
;> * Brig. Gen., Chief of Engineers.
: [Second indorsement.]
f t JULY 22, 1890.
r The recommendations of the Chief of Engineers
in his indorsement are approved.
L. A. GRANT,
'  " Assistant Secretary of War.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 233
PROJECT OF LIEUTENANT O. M. CARTER, CORPS OF
ENGINEERS.
UNITED STATES ENGINEER OFFICE,
Savannah, Go,., June 30, 1890.
GENERAL : I have the honor to submit herewith
a revised project of improvement for Savannah
Harbor and River with a view to obtaining a channel depth of 26 feet at mean high water from the
city to the sea. The basis of this report is formed
by the project submitted by me under date of August 25, 1887, the revision having been made in
the light of the information obtained by the survey
executed under my direction in 1889 and 1890.
This survey was in charge of Mr. E. A. Gieseler,
assistant engineer, and his reports and appendices,
which are submitted herewith as a part of this
report, give a full description of the methods
employed and the results obtained.
Apart from the development of the present form
of the river bed from Cross Tides to the sea, by
means of careful and numerous soundings, the
aims of the survey were in the main directed toward a systematic investigation of the tidal conditions, and of the ebb and flood flow in the various
channels, and it appears that this object has been
attained.
The result of the gauging operations as far as the
volumes in motion under mean conditions of tide
and of fresh water flow are concerned may be
summed up as follows:
Nearly equal volumes of flood enter the two
openings north and south of Oyster Bed, viz.,
respectively, about 1,100,000,000 and 1,000,000,000
234 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
cubic feet, about 300,000,000 cubic feet of the
former passing off into Wright's River. Savannah
River proper is entered by a flood volume of about
1,850,000,000 cubic feet, of which one-fourth passes
into South Channel, while three-fourths enter the
mouth of North Channel al the lower end of Jones'
Island. Immediately below St. Augustine Creek
the flood volume of South Channel has diminished
to about 180,000,000 cubic feet, but is increased
, immediately above the flood inflow of said creek
to 414,000,000 cubic feet. The volume of North
Channel at about the same distance from the mouth
; | (center of Spirit Island) is 770,000,000 cubic feet,
' of which somewhat more than one-tenth moves
f through Duck Puddle. The head of Elba Island
is reached with an entire flood volume in North
and South Channels of about 1,100,000,000 cubic
feet, of which amount about 760,000,000 cubic feet
' enter Back River and about 210,000,000 cubic feet
( <, enter Front River.
After having turned about 65,000,000 cubic feet
- over Cross Tides Dam into Front River the Back
* s River flood arrives at Reeves plantation with about
125,000,000 cubic feet. The Front River flood has
| decreased to 114,000,000 cubic feet immediately
*! below King's Island, but is increased by the inflow
* through Cross Tides to a volume of 140,000,000
; cubic feet immediately above the latter place.
> The ebb flow of Savannah River is increased by
H ;. the accumulation of half a lunar day's freshwater
|V flow, amounting to about 700,000,000 cubic feet.
ii In Front River immediately above Cross Tides the
4 : J ebb volume amounts to 856,000,000 cubic feet, of
*. ; which nearly 600,000,000 cubic feet remains in
{
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 235
Front River, while about 300,000,000 cubic feet
pass over the dam into Back River. The ebb
volume of the latter which, 1J miles further up at
Reeves plantation, is only 165,000,000 cubic feet
is thus considerably increased, so that at the junction of Back River and Front Riverin the vicinity
of Barnwell Islands it amounts to about
1,000,000,000 cubic feet, most of which doubtless
passes through the opening south of the upper
Barnwell Island. Front River, in the same
vicinity, discharges about 700,000,000 cubic feet
through the mouth of Wrecks Channel.
About the same amounts are turned respectively
into North and South Channels, so that half way
down Spirit Island we find a total volume of about
1,160,000,000 cubic feet for the two openings of
the North Channel, and in the same vicinity, immediately above St. Augustine Creek, about
770,000,000 cubic feet in South Channel. The
flow in the latter is then weakened to the amount
of nearly 350,000,000 cubic feet, passing off through
St. Augustine Creek and at its mouth near Lazaretto Creek; we therefore find a discharge of only
about 870,000,000 cubic feet, while about
1,700,000,000 cubic feet are discharged through
the mouth of North Channel at the lower end of
Jones' Island, rendering in all an ebb volume at
the two mouths of the river of about 2,570,000,000
cubic feet.
Finally about 1,450,000,000 cubic feet pass
south and about 935,000,000 cubic feet pass north
of Oyster Bed, in which latter is included a volume of about 300,000,000 cubic feet coming from
Wright's River.
r
236 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
(
\
3 Such are the general outlines of the movement
I of volumes in the lower Savannah River as deduced from the present survey. As compared
with former gauging operations a fairly good
i coincidence of results is found in the upper portion,
< while in the lower portion the present volumes are
very considerably smaller than the former ones,
possibly an indication of a decrease of the tidal
volume and therefore a warning to proceed with
| the utmost caution in the construction of all future
improvement works.
1 The effect of Cross Tides dam is strikingly
1 illustrated by the above.
Previous to its construction two-thirds of the
entire volume of Savannah River passed through
Cross Tides into Back River, and only one-third
passed down Front River. Now the situation is
 r precisely reversed.
. ; The relative size of volumes passing north and
. tj south of Oyster Bed is somewhat of a surprise, the
j; importance of the northern opening being demon-
.1 ; strated by the survey to be much greater than was
;f : , supposed. We should then proceed cautiously in
,| ' the construction of such works as maybe intended
;j|' to partially close this opening.
1, The results of the survey appear to indicate
f that a mean ebb velocity of about 2 feet per second
' i ^ is required to secure permanence of the channel.
4-j; The general aim of the revised project will be to
4 | i, mold the river bed from Cross Tides to the sea in
 j such a way as to allow the free ascent of the flood
;j:'' tide, and to secure throughout, as far as prac4 K tieable, the above uniform mean velocity of ebb
. ! flow. For Front River this leads us to cross-
.i! ___
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 237
sectional areas for mean ebb outflow, increasing
from about 9,000 square feet at Cross Tides to
about 12,600 square feet at the mouth of Wrecks
Channel, while the widths (under the assumption
of a uniform mean depth of 18 feet for mean service
of ebb out-flow) should increase from 500 feet at
Cross Tides to 600 feet at Kinzey's Point, and
from 700 to 750 feet at the mouth of Wrecks
Channel.
For North Channel the same assumption in regard to mean ebb velocity and mean depth leads to
a general increase in widths from 1,200 feet at the
head of Elba Island to 1,870 feet at Long Island
Crossing, which, especially below, is more than
the present widths between wing-dams.
In view of the foregoing the following plan of
improvement is submitted:
The enlargement of Drakie's Cut as indicated in
the original project.
The entire or partial removal of King's Island
with a view of turning additional volumes into
Front River and thereby somewhat increasing the
velocities.
The construction of a deflecting jetty from
Argyle Island.
The partial removal of Marsh Island and closing of the channel north of it, with a view of
throwing the entire flow into the enlarged southern
channel and thus doing away with the disadvantages incident upon two channels. Besides
this the area of the abandoned channel will
furnish a convenient dumping ground.
A training wall from the lower end of Marsh
if 238 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
< Island to Kinzey's Point and the widening of the
f unduly contracted region below Kinzey's Point.
A training wall in the vicinity of Garden Bank
in order to properly contract the river there.
I \ Spur jetties or bank protection in the lower por-
| tion of Wrecks Channel for the same purpose.
t . j Besides the dredging required to open up the
j * j river as discussed above, a channel 26 feet deep at
i-,| j mean high water from the city water works to the
sea is provided for.
A deflecting jetty running out toward South
l\  , Channel from Maekey's Point in order to divert a
greater ebb volume into North Channel.
The removal of a portion of Dam 15.
The closing of Duck Puddle in order to render
*}  permanent the improvement of North Channel
t. r near the lower mouth of Duck Puddle. The con-
.;-.'; struction of training walls and shore protection in
'!' j , the concave bend near Spirit Islands and between
wing dams in North Channel, with a view of ob-
, taining a strong ebb flow of uniform mean velocity
' 5| [ throughout.
f | Training walls and shore protection between the
i Lower Flats and Oyster Bed.
[|< Dredging south of Oyster Bed with a view of
obtaining cross-sectional areas of about 45,000
t L square feet for mean ebb outflow, in order to induce a stronger flow through the southern open-
f *fl ing and thence overTybee Knoll.
! , jj P* In pursuance of the same object it may become
/I i|k necessary to close the northern opening, either by
1 d continuing the present jetty, No. 31, to the shore, or
by building a training wall from Long Island Flats
to Oyster Bed; further, to construct a training
; t-
~ t 1 1 '-I i.
1
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 23O
wall running easterly from the lower end of Cockspur Island and finally to extend and raise the
Oyster Bed training wall. For the successful
accomplishment of this improvement great freedom
of action should be allowed the local engineer, the
necessity for the various works and their execution
being accompanied and guided by continued careful investigation of the influence exercised by the
completed portions.
ESTIMATES.
Above Gross Tides:
Drakie's Cut
160,000 cubic yards dredging
at 15 cents per cubic yard..$24,000
800 linear feet of training
wall, at $8 per foot......... 6,400
 $ 30,400
Cross Tides to Fort Ogletkorpe:
12,800 linear feet of training
wall, at $8 per foot.............102,400
1,400 linear feet of shore protection, at $8 per foot......... 11,200
Partial removal of King's
Island770,000 cubic yards
dredging, at 15 cents per
cubic yard.......................115,500
Partial removal of Marsh Island
r00,000 cubic yards dredging at 15 cents per cubic j'ard. 75,000
City Water Works to Vale
Royal Mills, to open up crosssections to the required size
and to obtain a channel 300
feet wide and 26 feet deep at
240 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
mean high water700,000
cubic yards dredging at 15
cents per cubic yard........... 105,000
Vale Royal Mills to Fort Oglethorpe, as above2,000,000
cubic yards dredging, at 15
.{ cents per cubic yard.........300,000
Possible land damage to Hutch-
\, inson's Island.................. 45,000
$ 754,100
Fort Oglethorpe to Oyster Bed:
Mackey's Point training wall
 I 1,080 linear feet of log and
|; brush mattress jetty30,000
square yards of log and
} | * brush mattresses at 60 cents
per square yard............... 18,000
j, j. 4,500 cubic yards of stone at
83.50 per cubic yard........... 15,750
51,150 linear feet of training
wall, at $10 per foot...........511,500
8,000 linear feet of shore protection, at $10 per foot...... 80,000
3,000 linear feet of shore projjl tection, at 15 per foot........ 45,000
Extending dams Nos. 27 and
35 to shore1,800 linear
feet of pile dam at $10 per
foot................................ 18,000
ObstructionsTo open crosst Jl b sections to the required size
; '\L and to obtain a channel 400
 vjjj. feet wide and 26 feet deep
' '"" j | at mean high water250,000 '!
|,
j
\' j
f
MAYOR'S ANN UAL REPORT. 241
cubic yards dredging, at 15
cents per cubic yard......... 37,500
Upper flats, as above330,000
cubic yards dredging, at 15
cents per cubic yard......... 49,500
Lower flats, as above385,000
cubic yards dredging, at 15
cents per cubic yard........... 57,750
Long Island crossing to Oyster
Bed, as above900,000 cubic
yards dredging, at 15 cents
per cubic yard.................135,000
$ 968,000
Oyster Bed to Tybee Roads:
Oyster Bed training wallraising it 2i feet above mean
low water mark and extending it to Tybee Roads; constructing south training wall
to a height of mean low
water:
200,000 square yards of log
and brush mattresses, at 60
cents per square yard......... 120,000
210,000 cubic yards of stone, at
$3.50 per cubic yard .........735,000
16,000 cubic yards of stone, at
$5 per cubic yard.............. 83,000
Oyster Bed shoal to open up
cross-sectional areas to required size2,205,000 cubic
yards dredging, at 15 cents
per cubic yard.................330,750
16
242 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Tybee Knoll, as above, and to
secure a channel 400 feet
j l| I wide and 26 feet deep at
mean high water751,000
cubic yards dredging, at 15
cents per square yard.........112,650
$1,381,400
il
I
f ,4
f
$3,133,900
In case the total removal of King's Island
is decided upon, the volume to be
j.| } dredged will be increased by 730,000
cubic yards, which, at 15 cents per
\ 1)1 cubic yard, equal........................... 109,500
3,243,400
Engineering and contingencies, 10 per
j,;|  cent............................................ 324,340
. Total........ ......................... ........$3,567,740
'  I The estimated cost of the above improvement is,
in round numbers, $3,500,000. These estimates
are made upon the supposition that funds sufficient
for advantageous prosecution of the work will be
regularly supplied.
Respectfully submitted.
O. M. CAKTER,
First Lieutenant, Corps of Engineers, U. S. A.
Brig. Gen. THOMAS L. CASEY,
Chief of Engineers, U. S- A.
' -lr
v
t . Jj* In the execution of the foregoing project there
5 1 are no uncertain problems with which to deal, such
Jl4l .|| as arise when the improvement of an ocean bar is
contemplated. The river alone needs improve-
1
MAYOR'S ANNTJAJL BEPOBT. 243
ment, and the desired results can be obtained
within the limits of the estimated cost.
The present wharf frontage of Savannah harbor
is five miles, but there remains available and yet
to be developed nearly twice as much more within
the city limits, while the whole water front on both
sides of the river from the city to the sea can be
utilized if necessary.
It is a very important fact that Savannah is
upon fresh water, as vessels frequenting that port
are only docked for repair and not for cleaning
bottom. The absence of barnacles, which form in
salt water ports, is enough to make material
difference in the speed of vessels plying from that
port and from other ports near by, but less
favorably situated. In salt water, vessels of iron
or steel quickly corrode, and those of wood are
soon destroyed by the ship worm. There is no
point which so quickly commends itself to ship
owners as that vessels can lie, while loading, in
fresh water. In fresh water, moreover, wooden
docks and other structures below low water are
imperishable; above that plane repairs can be
easily and cheaply made. In salt water, in these
latitudes, the activity of the ship worm (teredo)
would render the use of stone or other expensive
material imperative.
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS BETWEEN THE WEST AND
SAVANNAH.
The improvements which have already been
made in Savannah harbor have justified the extension of lines of railway into the interior, thus
244 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
opening to many places markets for their products, which before did not exist.
The Savannah, Florida and Western Railway
System, embracing over 900 miles of railroad in
Georgia, Florida and Alabama, with nearly 1,000
miles of steamboat and steamship lines tributary
thereto, depends largely for the shipment of its
freight upon the facilities offered by the port of
Savannah.
Through the Central Railroad System of
Georgia, with about 2,000 miles of railway in the
States of Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi and parts
of South Carolina, the richest timber, cotton, coal
and iron districts of those States find an outlet at
Savannah to the sea.
This large system, with its steamship lines, is
now operated by the Richmond and Danville
Railroad Company, and it now makes available,
with the Kansas City, Fort Scott and Gulf, the
Union Pacific and the Missouri Pacific railroads,
working in harmony, through trunk lines from
the Pacific to the Atlantic coast, with the advantage over the great northern trunk lines of a
much shorter mileage, of easier grades, and of an
entire immunity from snow and ice blockades
during the winter months.
... The Savannah, Americus and Montgomery
;3 Railway, giving an air line to Montgomery and
 the Southwest, entered Savannah about a year
ago.
[ if |! The South Bound Railroad will be completed to
Columbia, South Carolina, during the present
year, and will open a short and independent route
 ' to the north, and bring to Savannah large volumes *.

MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 245
of business which was formerly carried to other
ports.
The Macon and Atlantic Railway, an air line
from Macon to Savannah, is DOW under construction, as is also the Middle Georgia and Atlantic
Railway, which latter will afford an air line from
Savannah to Atlanta, Chattanooga and the West,
and which owns in the city of Savannah facilities
for terminals, shipyards and docks unsurpassed in
the South.
The figures in the following table of distances
are taken irom the Official Railway Guide, and
show the minimum railway mileage between the
respective places over existing lines :
TABLE OP RAILWAY DISTANCES.
Portland, Ore...................
San Francisco, Cal............
Omaha, Neb.....................
Salt Lake City, Utah........
Kansas City. Mo...............
Bt. Louis, Mo....................
Memphis, Tenn.. ..............
Nashville, Tenn...............
Chattanooga, Tenn...........
Birmingham, Ala............
Montgomery, Ala.. ..... ......
Atlanta, Ga............ ...........
Boston
Miles.
3,172
3,358
1,491
2,595
1,468
1,185
1,447
1,201
1,137
1,255
1,263
1,038
1
1
Miles.
3,225
3,269
1,402
2.506
1,342
1,065
1,234
1,052
924
1,042
1,050
875
Baltimore
Miles.
3,166
3,210
1,343
2,447
1,303
1,020
1,020
870
719
855
863
68S
Norfolk
Miles.
3,224
3,306
1,411
2,505
1,279
996
980
821
670
lit
720
545
Savannah
Miles.
3,138
3,168
1,315
2,386
1,159
903
eyrn
583 432
421
359
294
*
** !*
fe|s S5
U.C0
e
Miles.
87
101
Q7
120
183
162
EfiA
469
192
621
691
581
From the above table it will be seen that St.
Louis, Kansas City, Omaha, and other centers for
the distribution of food products, as well as Chat-
246 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
tanooga, Birmingham, and other important points
in the mineral section of the South are many, miles
nearer to Savannah than to any of the Northern
seaports.
The comparison in favor of the Gulf ports from
some of the points named is still more favorable,
but the greatly increased water mileage from ports
on the Gulf Coast* to Europe or to the North Atlantic ports, and the heavy marine insurance
around the dangerous capes of Florida have
already favored the commerce of the South Atlantic ports at the expense of the Gulf ports, and the
. tendency in that direction is likely to increase.
The improvements heretofore executed in Savannah harbor, and the expectations of further
improvements yet to be made have been the inducements to develop the railway systems before
mentioned. The sections of country made tributary to Savannah by those railways are among the
richest in the United States, both agriculturally
and in mineral wealth, and to enable the port to
furnish an outlet to the rapidly growing commerce
offered to it from the interior deep water is more
than ever needed. The increase in the depth of
water in the harbor has not kept pace with the
increased commercial demands, and many articles,
such as grain, which require deep draught vessels,
have to be refused by the railways terminating at
Savannah, because of insufficient depth of water to
float grain-laden ships.
There are now twelve regular packet steamers,
ranging from 2,000 to 4,000 tons register each, ply-
,4. | The average ran from Savannah to Liverpool, by sailing vessel, is ten
days lew than from New Orleans.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 247
ing between Savannah and Northern coastwise
ports. Those steamers make 34 arrivals and 34
departures each month, and each foot of increased
depth in the river will allow each one of those
vessels to carry on an average 200 tons more freight
on each trip.
Deeper water would permit the establishment of
regular lines of foreign steamers, and by allowing
entrance to a larger class of vessels, secure important reduction in foreign freight rates.
Such increased facilities for navigation as have
been offered by the improvements already executed
have resulted, according to the report of the Engineer in charge of the harbor, in an annual saving
in freights alone of more than the total sum of money
expended by the United States upon the harbor; and
there is every reason to believe that money expended in the further improvement of the harbor
would yield a still more valuable return.
The assessed valuation of property in the city of
Savannah for 1889 is more than $5,500,000 greater
than for the preceding year. Within the last two
years a number of new industries have been
established in Savannah, employing a total capital
of more than $5,000,000. The total bank capital
of Savannah, including the Central Railroad &
Banking Company, was, in 1890, $11,203,338, an
increase of $938,685 over the preceding year. The
Ocean Steamship Company has lately invested
$1,000,000 in two new steamships for its line, and
is now ready to build three more. The wharves
of this company are being entirely remodeled,
trebling their capacity. The naval stores trade of
this corporation has also, within the year, doubly
248 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
outgrown its facilities, and new store-houses are
being constructed.
Had the depth of water in the harbor been
sufficient to enable suitable vessels to enter, a large
amount of grain would have been exported, and
the cotton exports for the present year would
probably have been increased by more than
300,000"bales.
The engineer in charge of the improvement of
the harbor states that the system of irregular and
. inadequate appropriations which has prevailed in
the past has increased the cost of the work in
j , many instances more than one hundred per cent.
In addition to this increased cost the commerce
seeking an outlet at Savannah is very much embarrassed by the want of a sufficient depth of
water, as has before been shown.
The principal demand for the surplus agricultural products of the Southern, Western and
Northwestern States and Territories comes from
the States of the Atlantic Seaboard and the
i countries of Europe.
| ' Although, as we have previously seen, Kansas
City is nearer to Savannah than to New York by
183 miles ; than to Boston by 329 miles; than to
Baltimore by 144 miles; and although Savannah
possesses warehouses, depots, compresses, elevators
and other facilities for transportation, storage and
I transfer superior to those of any other port south
* of the capes of the Chesapeake, nearly all direct
shipments of grain and other food products
destined for Europe and for the Atlantic Seaboard
States have hitherto been made over longer rail
hauls through Northern ports, because of the in-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 249
adequate depth of water to be found at South Atlantic ports.
The transportation of food products affords a
larger volume of commerce to the Northern trunk
lines of railway and to ocean vessels than the
transportation of any other product of the United
States. Those commodities cannot be carried
economically by water except in ships of great
tonnage and draught, which cannot ply to Savannah until the proposed improvement of her harbor
is completed.
Savannah is especially favorably situated with
respect to the West Indies and the Americas
South of us, being many miles nearer than any
of the Northern ports, and nearer, also, than the
principal Gulf ports. In the development of
commerce between the United States and those
countries Savannah is destined, therefore, to play
an important part.
The question of deep water at Savannah is not,
therefore, a local one, but one that affects the commerce of the whole country, both internal and
foreign, and in justice to the people of Georgia,
South Carolina, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi,
Tennessee, Missouri and the entire West and Northwest, the total amount of money necessary to give
a depth of 26 feet of water at mean high tide from
the city of Savannah to the seathus enabling
deep water vessels to reach that portshould be
appropriated by Congress at the earliest practicable
date.
There is probably no other work of river or harbor improvement in the United States where the
benefits to the public for the amount of money in-
26O MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
vested have been so great as at Savannah, so that
as a purely business investment the further
improvement of the harbor is urgently demanded.
The early completion of the improvement of
Savannah harbor will affect the welfare of the entire country, without reference .to section, since it
will operate to reduce the cost of transportation of
food products and raw materials to the Atlantic
States and to foreign ports, and will facilitate the
distribution of manufactured articles, diminish
their cost to the consumer, and increase their market range.
SAVANNAH'S COMMERCIAL HISTORY.
For nearly half a century Savannah has been
the principal entrepot of the States of Georgia,
Florida, and a large portion of South Carolina.
While Savannah, from the earliest days, has
been an important trading point, her true commercial history may be said to date from about 1822-
From authentic records it appears that the receipts
and exports of cotton and rice at the port of Savannah for the year 1822-'23 amounted to the
following:
Cotton, bales.....................105,261
Rice, tierces....................... 11,232
With frequent variations, but continually increasing, the commerce of Savannah grew, until in
1843 there were exported 285,754 bales of cotton ;
25,032 tierces of rice; 7,500,000 feet of pitch pine
jjj lumber; 5,175,000 cypress shingles and 66,000 oak
i|S I staves.
in i
,jf|; In 1847 Savannah began to feel the effects of
*!' railway communication with the interior, the Cen-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 251
tral Railroad of Georgia having recently been completed and placed in successful operation. In
February of that year the value of the exports
alone exceeded that in the same month of the previous year by $840,000. The increase continued,
the total value of imports and exports just prior to
the civil war amounting to $26,000,000 annually.
The exports in 1872 amounted to nearly
$40,000,000, and the imports to 133,000,000. In
1886 the value of the combined exports and imports amounted to more than $102,000,000. Those
values were increased in 1890 by 50 per cent., the
receipts and shipments of that year aggregating in
value $153,000,000.
By reference to the appendices hereto it will be
seen that both the foreign and domestic trade of
Savannah has shown a steady growth since the
harbor improvements at that point were begun in
1873.
It is now the largest port on the South Atlantic
coast, having an annual commerce of $153,000,000,
or about as much as all the other South Atlantic
ports combined.
It is the third port in the United States in the
value of its exports, the second cotton port of
America and the first naval stores port of the world.
The exports of cotton have risen from less than
500,000 bales in 1872 to 1,139,608 bales in 1891.
The increase in the value of the annual exports
of naval stores is still more remarkable, considering that from a value of less than $50,000 in 1873
it reached a total of more than $6,223,000 in 1891,
with prospects of a still greater increase in the
future.
252 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
The annual value of the exports of timber and
lumber within the past fifteen years has risen
from less than $500,000 to more than $1,500,000,
the prices during that time having diminished by
about 50 per cent.; that of fruits and vegetables
from less than $500,000 to more than $3,500,000 ;
that of pig iron from about $25,000 to more than
$1,500,000; while that of cotton seed oil, a manufacturing industry about five years old, reached
hist year a value of nearly $1,000,000.
The movement of commercial fertilizers by the
railway lines leading from Savannah amounted
during 1890 to more than 150,000 tons, of which
about 50,000 tons were manufactured in Savannah.
While the volume of exports has thus increased,
and the tonnage registered at the custom house
has grown from 1,074,367 tons in 1873 to
1,828,614 tons in 1890, the number of vessels entered and cleared during that period has increased
by only 116, from the fact that the increased
depth of water in the river allows vessels of much
greater tonnage to visit the port than in former
years, and coastwise and foreign steamers of great
capacity have largely replaced the small sailing
vessels which 18 years ago carried the great bulk
of Savannah's commerce. Before the harbor improvements were begun the usual high water
draught from the city to the sea was about 14i
feet. At present vessels of from 21 to 22 feet
draught are able to go from the city to the sea on
a single tide.
By permission of the Chief of Engineers, U. S.
A., the following extract is taken from the report
of the engineer in charge of Savannah harbor for
the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891 :
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 253
[EXTRACT FROM CAPT. CAETER'S ANNUAL REPORT.]
"The commerce of Savannah, which lias rapidly
increased consequent on the improvement of the
harbor, has continued to grow, amounting during
the past calendar year to $153,000,000, and bidding
fair to exceed during the present that of any former year.
The entrance into Savannah of the Savannah,
Americus and Montgomery Railway was mentioned
in my last annual report. This year will witness
the completion of the South Bound Railway,
which will open to Savannah a short and independent route to the North. Two new railroads, the
Macon and Atlantic and the Middle Georgia and
Atlantic, both now under construction, will, it is
expected, soon be running their trains into
Savannah.
The Central Railroad of Georgia recently added
to its already large system 247 more miles, making
a total mileage on June 1, 1891, of 1,550 miles.
This system, as well as the Carolina system of about
300 miles, the auxiliary roads and the Ocean
Steamship Company's lines are now operated by
the Richmond and Danville Railroad Company.
It now forms, with the Union Pacific and the Missouri Pacific railroads, practically under one ownership, a through trunk line from the Pacific coast
at Portland, Oregon, to the Atlantic seaboard at
Savannah, co-ordinate with the great Northern
trunk lines, and with the advantage of being
shorter by some two or three hundred miles and
less subject to snow and ice blockades during the
winter months than the more northerly lines.
254 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
The Alabama Midland Railway having passed
into the control of the Savannah, Florida & Western Railway has added 150 miles to that system,
making a total mileage of over 900 miles, while
steamboat and steamship lines covering nearly
1,000 miles are also embraced in this system. The
Savannah, Americus & Montgomery Railway and
the Savannah & Western Railway are also extending their lines.
In addition to the railroads, the Savannah River,
navigable as far as Augusta, a distance of 202 miles
by the river, for boats drawing from 4 to 5 feet of
water, affords another means of communication
with the interior, and a number of small steamers
and sailing craft ply the inland route along the
. adjacent coast, gathering the products of the sea
i and rice from the plantations, for transhipment at
! Savannah.
I These avenues of commerce bring to Savannah
^ the cotton, lumber, naval stores, farm and mineral
j products of large portions of the States of Georgia,
South Carolina, Florida, Alabama and Tennessee,
as well as other classes of through freights from
the West and Northwest.
Regular lines of steamships have been established between this port and Boston, New York, Phil-
| | adelphia and Baltimore. The table given below
shows the number of steamships in these lines, the
|j number of voyages made and the tons of freight
F carried by them. The last item has increased
i nearly 13 per cent, of its value for the previous
' year. The passenger traffic on these lines has also
increased, 11,867 persons arriving and 12,425 departing, during the calendar year of 1890.
!
Ul
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 255
A large fleet of vessels is also engaged in the
coasting trade. About one-third of the exports
goes to foreign ports, and in this foreign trade are
engaged many foreign steamers and sailing vessels
of large draught and tonnage.
Vessels entering the port are now limited to a
draught of from 21 to 22 feet. During 1890 the
greatest draught taken from the city to the sea on
a single tide was the British barque Nellie T. Quest,
drawing 20 feet and 9 inches, while the steamship
Capulet, drawing 20 feet, came from the city to the
sea on a single tide. Recent work has somewhat
increased the navigable depth.
The extension of the connection of existing railroads, the construction of new lines centering in
Savannah, and the creation of greater facilities for
the handling and transhipment of freights will
cause to be brought to Savannah in the near future
a constantly increasing volume of commerce seeking an outlet to coastwise and foreign ports. The
chief exports, cotton, lumber and naval stores, are
bulky freights and cannot be carried economically
by light draught vessels under either steam or sail.
Moreover, the value of the high speed of the steamships on the lines between Savannah and the
Northern ports is partial!}' neutralized by their
being compelled to wait for a stage of tide at which
they can safely enter or leave the harbor.
Savannah's cotton receipts for the season beginning September 1,1890, reached on June 30,1891,
1,115,704 bales, making her the only city in the
world, with the exception of New Orleans, which
has received and shipped over 1,000,000 bales of
266 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
cotton in one season.* By estimating the receipts
for the remaining months of the season on the basis
of those during the same months of previous years",
the probable total receipts for the present season
are placed at 1,250,000 bales. The table of cotton
receipts at Savannah for each season since 1872,
given below, shows the steady increase in the
number of bales received from year to year and the
very rapid increase during the past three seasons.
In the care of the cotton received and in facilities
for its shipment it is asserted that Savannah stands
unrivaled. Savannah, therefore, still maintains
her position as the second cotton port in the country, and continues the greatest naval stores port in
the world. Of the latter commodity there were
received at and shipped from this port during the
year ending March 31, 1891, 196,227 barrels of
spirits of turpentine and 770,311 barrels of rosin.
Immense quantities of lumber are also received
here for shipment, the output during the year
being estimated at 107,371,084 feet. Phosphate
rock from the Florida mines is already being
brought to Savannah for shipment to foreign ports.
Past improvement of the harbor has resulted in
increasing the available depth at high water from
about 14.5 feet to from 21 to 22 feet. The increase
in the value of exports since the year 1873, when
the work was begun, is proportional to the cube of
the increase in the depth of water during the same
period. If the same proportion should hold till a
depth of 26 feet is reached the value of exports
alone would then be about $150,000,000. The
Galveston has since received more than 1,000,000 bales In one season.O.
M.C.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
annual saving in freight rates alone due to the
increased depth amounts to more than the total
sum of money expended by the United States upon
the harbor. Rates of marine insurance have also *
been reduced."
PLEAS FOR DEEP WATER AT SAVANNAH.
The people of the State of Georgia, realizing
the imperative necessity for a deep water harbor
on the South Atlantic coast, the General Assembly
of that State, on September 12, 1891, passed the
following preamble and resolutions:
WHEREAS, It is of vital importance to the people, not only of this State, but of the entire South
and West that there should be a deep water port
on the South Atlantic coast, through which may
pass, over railroads of easy grades, unobstructed
by snow and ice, the vast and rapidly growing
commerce of this section, much of which is now,
on account of an insufficient depth of water, compelled to seek, with long and expensive rail hauls,
Northern ports; and,
WHEREAS, There is at Savannah, Ga., a port
where ships may lie secure from storms in fresh
water, a port which has already a depth of 22.5
feet at mean high water from the city to the sea ;
a port where, due to the increased depth of water
already obtained by the United States, there is
saved annually to the producers and consumers of
this section a sum greater than that expended by
the United States upon the harbor since the
formation of the government; a port whose ocean
commerce in 1890 amounted to $153,000,000, a
17
258 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
gain of $38,000,000 over the preceding year; a
port whose terminal property alone is worth over
$10,000,000, and which has now regular lines of
steamers plying to the principal Northern ports,
the second cotton port of the United States and
the first naval stores port of the world ; and,
WHEREAS, The United States has already entered upon the improvement of the harbor, the
immediate completion of which is demanded alike
by the commerce and navigation seeking it, and
by the economy of construction to be gained in
vigorous and continued work ; and,
WHEREAS, The importance of this great work
commends itself to the encouragement and support of the whole State as being instrumental in
contributing greatly to its commercial welfare;
therefore, be it
Resolved, By the General Assembly in joint
session, That the members representing Georgia
in both houses of Congress be, and they are hereby,
urged to do all in their power to enact such legislation as will bring about the speedy completion
of the work which the government has already
undertaken.
Resolved further, That a copy of the above be
forwarded to the Secretary of the Senate and the
clerk of the House and to each Senator and Representative in Congress.
Resolved further, That the thanks of the General
Assembly are hereby returned to Hon. Pat Calhoun
for his able address on this subject.
On October 5, 1891, the same body passed the
following resolutions:
WHEREAS, The General Assembly of the State
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 25
of Georgia did on the 12th day of August,. 1891,
in joint session assembled, adopt a preamble and
resolutions reciting
" That it is of vital importance to the people,
not only of this State, but of the entire South and
West that there should be a deep water port on
the South Atlantic coast, through which may pass
over railroads of easy grades, unobstructed by
snow and ice, the vast and rapidly growing commerce of this country, much of which is now, on
account of an unsufficient depth of water, compelled to seek, with long and expensive rail hauls,
Northern ports, and,
" That there is at Savannah, Georgia, a port
where ships may lie secure from .storms in fresh
water; a port which has already a depth of 22.5
feet at mean high water from the city to the sea;
a port where, due to the increased depth of
water already obtained by the United States, there
is saved annually to the producers and con-,
sumers of this section a sum greater than that
expended by the United States upon the harbor since the formation of the government; a
port whose ocean commerce of 1890 amounted to
$153,000,000, a gain of f 38,000,000 over the preceding year; a port whose terminal property alone
is worth over $10,000,000, and which has now,
regular lines of steamers plying to the principal
Northern ports; the second cotton port of the
United States and the first naval stores port of the
world, and,
"That the United States has already entered
upon the improvement of the harbor, the immediate completion of which is demanded alike by
ii
200 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
the commerce and navigation seeking it and by
the economy of construction to be gained in vigorous and continued work; and calling upon the
members representing Georgia in both houses of
Congress to do all in their power to enact such
legislation as would bring about the speedy completion of this great work which the General Government has already undertaken;" therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate, the House concurring,
That His Excellency, the Governor of Georgia,
be, and he is hereby, directed to communicate
this action to the Governors of the States of
Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas
Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky, Ohio, Missouri,
Indiana, Illinois, Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa and
Wisconsin especially, as more directly interested
in having a route opened to the Atlantic Ocean
through a Southern port possessing the advantages of Savannah, and to all the States as a
work calculated to benefit the whole country,
and ask the Governors of each of said States to lay
the matter before their respective Legislatures with
their official endorsement, requesting their respective Legislatures by resolution to call upon their
Senators and Representatives in Congress to aid
and support by their influence and votes the Senators and Representatives from Georgia in their
efforts to secure an adequate appropriation to enable the General Government to at once vigorously
prosecute to completion the work undertaken and
already begun by them at Savannah, Georgia, as
demanded by the commerce of the whole country.
Resolved further, That the State of Georgia and
her citizens will ever hold in appreciative remem-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 261
brance and recognition any co-operation and assistance rendered by sister States in support of her
Representatives in Congress in their work for
obtaining an appropriation commensurate with
the magnitude of the work and necessity for
speedily securing deep water at the port of Savannah, for the general good, as well as the special
development of a needed South Atlantic port.
Georgia is building up in every direction. Immigration is pouring in from the Northern States.
The character of this immigration is such that it
builds up not only diversified agriculture, but
manufactures of various character.
The success of these enterprises within the last
few years has been phenomenal, as is attested by
the enormous increase in wealth and appreciation
in value of real estate.
From the report of the Comptroller-General of
Georgia for 1890 it is seen that the entire taxable
property of the State, exclusive of railroads, from
1879 to 1890, has increased by $153,573,365, while
the railroad property has increased during the
same period by $27,457,949.
Values upon which taxation is based are, in
Georgia, very low, yet within the last ten years
city and town property has increased 112 per cent.;
cotton mills, 445 per cent.; iron works and foundries, 197 per cent.; banking capital, 158 per cent.,
and taxable railroads, 299 per cent.
The Alabama coal fields, considering their geographical position, their physical characteristics,
the superior quality of their products, and the
cheapness with which the coal can be mined and
transported, constitute the only source of supply
262 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
in the whole world which can successfully compete with British coal in the Gulf, the West Indies
and South America. The growing development
of the resources of Georgia and Alabama'is only
typical of the rapid development of the entire
South and West, which demand, and must have
at an early day, an adequate outlet to the sea on
the South Atlantic coast at Savannah.
J. J. McDoNouoH,
Mayor of Savannah.
.1'ii
I MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 263
APPENDICES.
COTTON.
The first bale of cotton shipped from Georgia
was exported from Savannah in 1788 by Thomas
Miller, who was for a long time the only purchaser
of cotton in Savannah. He bought it in parcels
of 100 pounds and less, aftd assorted and packed
it with his own hands. His exclusive and earnest
attention to this branch of business earned for
him the sobriquet of " Cotton Miller."
It is reported that as early as 1739, about the
time efforts were being made to bring the article
to a state of perfection in South Carolina, one bag
of cotton was exported from Savannah.
Up to the year 1882 Savannah ranked next to
New Orleans as a cotton port. That position she
lost for one yeargiving way to Galvestonbut
regained it the next year, and still holds it. The
receipts at Savannah for the year just closed
amounted to 1,139,608 bales. The cotton crop
of the United States for 1890-1891, the season just
closed, was the largest ever raised, 8,631,568 bales
being received. Of this Savannah received more
than 13 per cent. The cotton crop of 1889-1890,
the one previous to this, is the next largest on
record, 7,311,322 bales being produced, of which
Savannah secured 13 per cent., or 956.517 bales.
The following tabulated statement gives the
receipts of cotton at the port of Savannah, from
all sources, from September 1, 1890, to August 31,
1891, inclusive:
.
264
VI
<\Ml
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Central Railroad.............. . ...................
Savannah, Florida* Western.. ..............
Charleston & Savannah........... ...............
Carts.....................................................
Savannah River ....................................
Brunswick steamers.......... .....................
Florida steamers... ............................ . ..
Beaufort steamers........ ...........................
Miscellaneous.........................................
Total............................. ..................
UPLAND.
792,938
252,726
22,643
407
17,294
252
793
637
6,288
1.093.978
SEA ISLAND
12,388
28,4536
1,583
236
293
2553
826
45.630
The following tabulated statement shows the
exports of cotton, foreign and coastwise, from the
port of Savannah, from September 1, 1890, to
August 31, 1891, inclusive:
Charleston. ......
Baltimore ........
New York........
Boston. ............
Philadelphia ..
New Orleans....
Brunswick.......
Millconsump'n
Interior ...........
Foreign 
Liverpool.........
Havre...... ........
Rouen ............
Dunkirk...........
Reval...............
Bremen............
Amsterdam......
Genoa... ...........
Barcelona.........
Gothenburg .....
Pawtges... .
Santander........
Oporto.... .. ....... .
Uddevalia ........
8L Petersburg...
Norrkopping....
Lisbon.............
Genie ..............
Corunna... ........
PalmadiM......
Salerno............
Ghent..............
Pooteeloffh'bor
Grand total...
UPLAND.
47,393
04 jug
278,062
96,437
10,066
450
328
1,961
600
106,395
30,623
2,500
2,300
39,250
189,595
22,257
57,541
73,725
14,401
1,750
1,448
6,200
1,200
5,300
8,100
2,525
1,250
1,200
12
1,200
3.875
2,625
SEA ISLAND
A an
18,508
2,380
OA AQ
2,172
100
100
UPLAND.
517,373
CTT OQ*.*
1.095.206
SEA ISLAND
91 litfi
22,434
43.782
I i
OL:
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORf. 266
Cotton receipts at Savannah from 1872 to 1891:
SEASON ENDING
AUGUST 31.
1873.. .........................
1874...........................
1 ftTR
1876............ ...............
1877...........................
1878................ ..... ......
1879...........................
1880...... .....................
1881...........................
1882...........................
N0MBEB
OF BALES.
612,794
630,372
614,478
523,244
477,435
597,449
693,764
741,018
889,383
737,056
SEASON ENDING
AUGUST 31.
1883...........................
1884.......... .............. ...
1885.................. ........
IQQft
1887... ........................
1888...... ................. ....
1889........................... law................ ..... ......
1891........................ ..
NUMBIvR
OF BALKS.
817,670
655,749
7-28,087
803,359
804,412
892,318
828,168
956,517
1,139,608
Freight rates on cotton, by steam, to foreign
ports in 64ths of a penny, per pound, since the
year 1879:
MONTHS OT
OCTOBER
AND
NOVEMBER.
1879.................
1881.................
|(M|9
18t_..............
188*.................
|
|
3
28
24
ff,
Iff:
20
ffl
HO
24
2B
?:4
22

3
28
24
a
&
82
Wt
no
26
8

CD
30
......
|
9
1
P5
an
26
MONTHS OF
OCTOBER
AND
NOVEMBER.
1885.................
1886.................
18H7
1888 __ ...........
1889
1890.......... .......

fr
.3
10
18
1ft
?4
18
a
I
a
K
2ft
19in
2S
%i
IS
2
1
21
30
28
28
20
*s
S
22
VO
72
28
23

O
i'4
7S
32
28
25
B
g
n
23
V5f
If/
SO
S8
The foregoing table shows the decrease in foreign
freight rates during the period covered to be from
28 to 37 per cent. There have been set-backs, due
to temporary causes, notably the one in 1888. from
which the freight market has scarcely yet recovered ; but on the whole the tendency is steadily
downward.
NAVAL STOEES.
Savannah has long been recognized as the
leading naval stores market of the world. It will
be many years before the pine foreststhe source
from which naval stores are drawnare exhausted,
and in the meantime the proportion of naval stores
received at Savannah will steadily grow larger.
BEOErPTS AND SHIPMENTS OF NAVAL STOBES, POBT OF SAVANNAH.
J o
SSI"
8
1880..,., ............ ...
1881......... ......... ..
1882...................
Ih83... ......... ..
18S4.... ................
1885....................
1886....................
1887....................
1888....................
1889....................
1890....................
1891....................
BKCEIPTS
SPIRITS
Barrels
40,321
54,703
77,059
116,127
123,464
111,447
127,785
164,199
162,137
173,863
195,110
216,200
ROSIN
Barrels
231,242
282,386
809,834
430,648
527,583
452,370
476,508
610,250
680,943
610,302
782,630
775,680
SHIPMENTS OF SPIRITS
FOREIGN
Gallons
479,537
1,016,580
1,635,250
2,713,872
3,891,176
3,040.372
3,107,253
2,950,200
8,397,600
3,591,600
6,760,800
6,883,800
VALUE
$ 117,795
397,383
736,593
1,048.097
1,246,847
924,784
1.014,734
1,180,080
1,359,040
1,436,640
2,231,498
2,637,006
COASTWISE.
Barrels
35,676
40,332
1 27,271
49,681
52,231
51,627
72,353
106,189
81,691
82,487
80,172
67,719
VALUE
$ 642,168
867,138
640,868
867,667
781,234
877,669
1,1U3,824
1,698,024
1,297,056
1,819,792
1,483,162
1,862,801
SHIPMENTS OF ROSIN.
FOB'GN
Barrels
85,036
135,839
168,408
203,398
407,965
828,090
351,054
800,741
295,660
321,790
403600
413,618
VALUE
$ 249,109
425,055
408,418
404,711
639,443
507,410
566,829
751,852
739,150
804,475
1,210,600
1,240,864
COASTWISE
Barrels
150,401
161,968
124,481
263,490
300,566
234,990
254,201
295,781
326,449
316,859
349,907
864,426
VALUE
I 286,761
402,715
270,969
500,631
661,245
634,473
521,116
739,827
816,122
792,147
1,049,721
1,093,278
TOTAL
VALUB
21,249838
2,092,291
2,065,848
2,821,106
8,278,296
2,944,3!>6
3,296,503
4,369,283
4,211,368
4,863,064
5,974,879
6,223,939
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 267
The development, of Savannah's export trade in
these articles has been remarkable. In 1872 the
business was insignificant. In 1874 the shipments of rosin were 18,200 barrels, valued at
$59,029. From that year there has been a progressive increase, culminating in 1890, when the
highest figures yet attained were reached.
TIMBER AND LUMBER.
The quality of lumber shipped from Savannah
is not excelled by that shipped from any Southern
port. The lumber output during the year just
closed was 107,371,082 feet. Notwithstanding the
fact that exports of lumber to South America
about ceased last year, owing to financial trouble
and civil war, Savannah's exports were more than
3,000,000 feet greater than the year before.
RICE.
Savannah is the marketing place for the product of the rice plantations along the Savannah,
Ogeechee, Altamaha and Satilla rivers in Georgia,
as well as for that of a number of plantations
along some of the livers in South Carolina. The
facilities for cleaning and handling the rice when
it reaches Savannah are supplied by three large
mills, the Planters', the Savannah and the Upper,
all situated on the water front and affording to
the various vessels engaged in the transportation
of this staple, easy and economical means of
handling their cargoes. Heavy freshets in the
rivers and streams of the rice lands tributary to
Savannah caused a shortage in the crop for 1890-
268 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
1891, there being a reduction of about 33J per
cent, from the figures of the preceding year.
There were 166,600 barrels of rice of 300 pounds
each milled on the South Atlantic coast during
the past year; of this the mills at Savannah
turned out 45,400 barrels. They were disposed of
as follows:
SHIPPED TO
New York.........,..,.....................,............;............
Baltimore...... ........................ ......................... ......
Philadelphia...... ..................................................
Interior points ... ...... ................................. ........
.Local consumption............... .................................
On hand................................... ........ ....................
Total........................... ... ..............................
BABRELS,
300 LBS. NET.
3,330
3,854
2,460
1,664
4,214
29,178
700
45,400
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.
The shipment of farm and garden products to
the markets of the North through the port of
Savannah practically began in 1872, when produce valued at $490,000 was exported.
Those shipments have grown enormously since
then, there being shipped for the year ending
September 30, 1891, 804,707 packages of fruit,
467,039 packages of vegetables and 1,378,640
watermelons, of an aggregate value of more than
$3,500,000.
The expansion of this great industry (the cultivation of oranges, pears, watermelons, peaches,
bean.?, cucumbers, tomatoes, cabbages and sweet
and Irish potatoes for the Northern markets) is
almost wholly attributable to the excellent facilities offered by the steamship lines to Boston, New
York, Philadelphia and Baltimore, which enable
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 268
the producers in Georgia, South Carolina and
Florida to sell their crops at good prices in the
North long before the snows have melted from the
hills there.
The following table shows the 'exports of fruit
and vegetables, by water only, to various Northern
ports, for the year ending September 30, 1891:
TO
NPW York
Boston ................................
Philadelphia.......................
Baltimore ............................
Total ......... ..................
FBOTT.
PACKAGES.
520,300
188,334
23,373
72,700
804,707
VEGET'BL'S
PACKAGES.
385,239
20,494
11,273
50,053
467,039
MELONS.
NUMBER.
1 (Md f\(V7
282,816
21,217
30,000
1,378,640
PHOSPHATES.
Georgia is the largest manufacturer and consumer of phosphates in the United States. The
manufacture of fertilizers at Savannah has steadily
increased, there being manufactured during 1890
about 50,000 tons.
The first shipment of phosphate rock from
Savannah to a foreign port was made during the
latter part of 1890. Other shipments have since
been made. New discoveries of phosphates aie
continually being made in Florida, and new fields
are being opened as far north as the Georgia line.
The output of the mines in Northern Florida
must be shipped to Savannah for export. The
Savannah, Florida and Western Railway has made
provision to handle the rock at Savannah, a warehouse for storage having been erected and other
improvements made.
I
27O MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
? PIG IRON.
Savannah is more advantageously situated for
shipping the iron produced in Georgia, Alabama
and Tennessee than any city on the South Atlantic
I coast. The Richmond and Danville Railroad and
j. its connections pierce the heart of and traverse
ft the entire mineral region of the above-named
(( States. In this region, the elements entering
j into the production of pig ironiron ore, coke and
i;|, limestoneare found in great profusion and in
f close proximity, making it possible to manufacture
I ]' iron in competition with any market in the world.
For the year ending September 30, 1889, the
shipments amounted to 50,366 tons, valued at
11,215,000. In 1872 the shipments of pig iron
from Savannah, by water, amounted to but $25,000.
MANUFACTURES.
Savannah offers extraordinary advantages for
manufacturing. Directly tributary to the city are
all of the elements that are necessary for a manufacturing centre. There are large tracts of unoccupied lands to be secured by rental or purchase
upon easy terms. The State of Georgia is rich in
ores and coal. Labor is abundant and cheap;
living is economical; the climate is healthy; freight
rates by rail to interior points and by water to
Northern and foreign ports are low. Savannah is
nearer to the West Indies than any of the cities of
the North. Sugar from the West Indies to be
refined; hard woods from Georgia and adjacent
States to be made into furniture; hides to be converted into leather; leather to be made into shoes;
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 271
sea island cotton to be worked into the finest
fabrics; phosphate rock to be converted into fertilizers; iron, steel, kaolin, dye stuffs, medicinal
plants, gums, etc., form the basis of varied manufactures which Savannah, from her geographical
position, is especially favorably situated.
Savannah has the raw cotton and the raw wool
at her very doors. Oak and hickory for the manufacture of wagons and agricultural implements
are close by in profusion.
Savannah is the most convenient and natural
market for the great agricultural and cotton region,
the people of which, at present, ship their raw
products from home and later buy them back in
their manufactured state at a greatly increased
price.
No city in the United States possesses better
advantages than does Savannah for'the conversion
of timber into merchantable articles. The finest
furniture can be manufactured there, as there is
no limit to the varied resources of the forest in
the vicinity.
At present a number of manufacturing establishments is in successful operation, the output
being valued at $7,000,000 annually. A cotton
mill, a knitting mill, cotton seed oil mills, agricultural implement works, steam bakeries, a
brewery, ice manufactories, boiler works, machine
shops, a brass foundry, brick manufactories, sash,
door and blind manufactories, carriage works,
cigar manufactories, fertilizer works, flour mills,
grist mills, rice mills, planing mills, soap works,
trunk factories, and many other minor establishments, are doing a thriving business and find a
272 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
market for their products in the Southern States.
An oyster canning factory is soon to be started,
and another large cotton factory is projected.
Ship railways and machine shops are in successful operation, and a dry dock, ship building yard
and coaling station are projected.
J
COMMERCE.
VALUE IN DOLLARS OF EXPORTS AND IMPORTS,
Domestic and foreign, at Port of Savannah. Ga., through the medium of ocean transportation, from 1872 to 1890.
EXPOKTS FOB YEAR KNUIXG
AUGUST 31, 1890.
Cotton ..................................
Lumber and limber...............
Kiee .................... .... ............
Pig iron.................................
Hides and wool.....................
Total exports................ ......
Total imports...... ...............
Grand total exports & imports
1890* 1889*
$ 50,016,550 Ji 45,423,271
5,974,879 4,233,504
1,677,135 1,391,707
205,320 200,057
1,500,000 1,538,760
541,810 433,448
3,547,482 2,517,699
2,290,300 1.832,270
7,062,271 : 5,321,703
* 72,815,747
70,083,713
$ 62,892,429
55,062.710
1888*
$ 39,219,365
3.919.045
1,218,954
236,733
1,215,337
490,554
1376,145
1,742,942
6,516,526
$ 56,435,601
53,412,920
$ 142,699,460$ 117,955,1391$ 109,848,521
1887*
$ 39,378,480
3,296,788
1,094,318
271,142
653,940
174,647
1,723.723
1.649,0011
6,522,04*
$ 54,764,082
52,659,233
$ 107,423,315
1886
$ 38,807,726
3,296,503
1,015,580
210,367
193,835
212,304
1,834,713
3,334,950
2,127,212
$ 51,028,190
51,118,524
1885
$ 36,191,441
2,944,326
924,535
344,232
186,504
228,606
1,767,852
3,500,620
2,225,100
J 48,313.216
49,881 iOsO
$102..146,714$ 88,194,296
1884
$ 33,221,875
3,278,296
924,454
855,937
175.612
2151314
1,790,210
3,757,311
2,206,504
$ 46,425,513
49,112,310
$ 95,537,829
1883
$ 41,773,265
2,821,106
949,031
582,624
173,560
254,296
1,512,302
3,860,450
1,989,300
$ 53.915,834
47,699,796
$101,615,730
1882
$ 40,495,221
2,065,848
1,047,524
914,905
145,900
241,660
1,460,205
3,625,460
2,007,526
$ 52,004,248
45,952,105
$ 97,956,353
1881
* 48,019,799
2,072,291
835,176
879,480
158,760
225.390
1,200,150
3,729,605
1,865,250
$ 58,985,901
48,716,900
$ 107,702,801
1880
$ 38,233,425
1,294,833
853,081
877,248
133,312
240,700
1,140,625
3,312,412
1,750,775
$ 47,836,41 J
45,522,480
$ 93,358,891
1879
$ 32,525,777
998,682
669.064
685,728
125,200
240,915
890.220
2,998',510
1,767,325
$ 40,901,421
43,064,472
$ 83,965,893
1878
$ 31,993,123
. 774,207
772,057
581,436
106,210
228,656
847,512
2,912,367
1,813,420
$ 39,978,988
42,948,465
$ 82,927,453
1877
$ 25,691,547
577,98
71,863
465,990
95,300
206,550
628,005
2,166,400
1,600,210
$ 32,103,853
37,307,908
$ 68,411,761
1876
$ 32,817,572
203.176
661,562
650337
651250
219,400
512,940
2,349,672
1,400,555
i 38,885,464
36,691,967
$ 76.577,431
1875
* 44,005,476
110,964
660,582
646,360
66.310
197,320
4b8,500
2,606,450
1,520,320
$ 50,282,282
41,072,759
 91,355,041
1S74
$47,774,638
59,029
667,189
531,796
51,500
190,206
451,680
2,897,315
1,638,200
$54,261,553
38,370,685
$92,632,238
1873
$ 61,314,818
45,144
562,740
208,250
40,615
175,550
410,790
3,148,167
1,920,325
$ 67,826,393
38,135,382
 105,961, 781
1872
$ 34,266,847
548,895
187,649
25,500
170,410
492,015
2.405,960
1J412.440
$ 39,509,710
32,849,056
$ 72,358,772
"Values for 1887, 1888, 1889 and 1890 are for the calendar year. Detailed figures for 1891 are not available yet.
The above statement does not include receipts and shipments by rail, nor does it include the value of domestic traffic, local manufactures, banking, etc., but is confined strictly to value of exports
and imports which have a direct bearing upon water-ways transportation.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF THE COTTON EXCHANGE.
SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFICE, )
SAVANNAH, GA., April 1, 1892. j
Hon. John J. McDonougli,
Mayor of the City of Savannah.
.DEAR SIKI have the honor to comply with
your request for a statement of the cotton business of this port for the year ending August 31,
1891.
The year 1890-91, was a notable one to the
cotton business of this port, the receipts having
been the greatest ever known, reaching 1,139,608
bales, with an approximate value of $56,168,413
in comparison with 956,517 bales and a value of
$49,162,900 in 1889-90, and 828,619 bales and a
value of $40,537,040 in 1888-89.
The total cotton crop of the United States in
1890-91 was 8,655,518 bales, of which Savannah
received .1316 per cent, as compared with .1308
per cent, in 1889-90, and .1194 per cent, in 1888-89.
The total crop of sea island cotton for the year
was 68,133 bags, the largest ever grown, exceeding by 21,330 bags the largest previous crop. Of
this Georgia raised 29,613 bags, making her
rank first as a sea island cotton growing State.
Savannah's receipts of sea islands for the year
amounted to 45,630 bags, or two-thirds of the crop,
an increase of 13,395 bags over the previous year.
18
274 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
The following table indicates the sea island receipts at Savannah for the past year, and proportion of Georgia, Florida and South Carolina:
SEA ISLAND CROP
Received at Savannah, Ga., September 1st, 1890,
to August 31st, 1891. Showing proportion of
Georgia, Florida and South Carolina.
Received per Savannah, F. AW. Ky.....
llecel ved per Charleston A Savan'h Ky.
Received per Savannah River Steamers
Received per Brunswick Steamers.. ....._
Received per Darlan, Ac., Steamers.......
Received per various sloop_. .......... .......
Received per city crop. __ .....  .........
Total . ...... ..
Georgia.
Bags.
11.9S8
13,049
1,883
HS
G
17
19
11
187
26,808
Florida.
Bags.
430
16.4W
276
............
16,190
Konth
Car'Hna.
Bags.
I
""2#8
70
2.684
Total.
Bags.
12JJ88
2S.4M
1JSKS
28
&
283
^19 1568
90
217
46,630
The foregoing shows that of the 45,630 bags
Savannah's receipts, Georgia furnished .5875 per
cent., Florida .3548 per cent, and South Carolina
.0577 per cent.
The season of 1890-91, opened September 1st
with middling at 10 cents, steadily went off, and
closed at 9 11-16 cents.
October opened at 9 11-16 and closed at 9J.
November opened at 9J, steadily declined and
closed at 81.
December opened at 81 and closed at 8i.
January opened at 8i, went to 9 cents by middle
of month and closed at 81.
February opened at 8 9-16 and closed at 8 7-16.
March opened at 8 7-16 and closed at 8 5-16.
April opened at 8 5-16 and closed at 8 3-16.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 276
May opened at 8 3-16, continued steady the
whole month, and closed at 8 3-16.
June opened at 8 3-16, declined steadily and
closed at 7 13-16.
July opened at 7 13-16 and closed at 7i.
August opened at 7i and closed at 71.
Net decline for the season, 2i cents.
The whole movements for the years 1890-91,
1889-90 and 1888-89 is given in the following
pages:
K>
DETAILED STATEMENT OF COTTON MOVEMENTS AT SAVANNAH FOB THE YEARS 1888-89, 188D-90 AND 1890-01.
8EABOKS.
September ... October ..... November. December..
February .. March. ...... April .............. May ..........
July................
August ..........
Total............
GROSS RECEIPTS.
1888-89.
Upland.
97,045
211032
172,792
186,576
69.855
40,689
25,414
14,620
4,400
2.949
1,885
12.572
798,028
a
*3
M
1
409
4,232
6,762
7,906
5,774
8,183
801
844
21
20
83
29,991
1&9-90,
Upland.
141,178
240,789
196,167
168,886
77,987
48,242
18,777
14,768
9,654
1,814
2,844
18,686
924,282
Sea Island.
237
4,S38
8720
7.848
5,980
2.807
1,795
369
71
82
8
36
82,235
1800-91.
d
I
13
169,884
249,031
186,017
168,844
02&B
76,987
62^30
42#?1
24,821
18,769
7,180
16,662
1,093,978
Island. Sea
747
6,748
11,484
6,984
9,092
6,688
3,182
1,482
168
98
69
46,80
NKT RECEIPTS.
1888-89.
Upland.
97,046
211,982
172,792
135,648
69,660
49,410
25,S64
14,6211
4,400
2,949
1,886
12,572
798,177
Sea Island.
409
4,232
6,762
7,908
6,774
3.183
KOI
844
21

88
29,991
1889-90.
Upland.
141,178
240.789
196,157
168,386
77,987
48,242
18,777
14,768
9664
1,914
2,844
18,686
924,282
d
1
fl
1
287
4,888
8.720
7,843
6930
2,807
1,796
869
71
82
8
85
82,285
1890-91.
Upland.
160,884
249,031
188.1117
.168,844
02,802
75,987
62.V82
42,871
24,821
18,769
7,180
16,662
1,098,980
Sea Island.
747
5,748
11,481
6,084
9,082
6,688
8,182
1,482
168
98
69
45,630
EXPORTS QRKAT BRITAIN.
1888-89.
Upland.
4,949
27,080
32,019
16,160
79,218
Sea Island.
60
269
863
2,632
57
8,261
1889-90.
Upland.
11,739
33,088
61,234
22,276
18.683
6,012
187,912
o
I

1
81
299
8,960
4,106
&88
8,822
16,160
1890-91.
13
I
16,037
23,798
19,821
14,088
22,681
6,870
4,746
106,895
Sea Island.
11
487
3694
4,912
6,618
2,058
2,382
20,062
o

OD
o
73
"3
DETAILED STATEMENT OF COTTON MOVEMENTS AT SAVANNAH, ETC.CONTINUED.
SEASONS.
October..... ........
December..........
April..................
May ..................
July ..................
Total...............
EXPORTS FRANCE.
1888-89
o
i
5.072
2,700
2,100
1,525
11,897
Inland. Sea
"iis
145
188940
Upland.
9,251
6300
7203
2,876
5,856
29,684
0
1
i
20
"395
'm
642
1890-91
0
a ts "3.
0
8,550
7,223
11819
8,800
4,031
85,423
1
3
1
195
167
643
581
636
2,172
EXPORTS CONTINENT.
188849
Upland.
4,650
26,850
38,160
42',589 *12,03'
28,461
15,446
229,858
1889-90
Island. Sea
25,469
67.286
96,776
62,48V
43,888
28,970
24,260
11,802
3,100
1,200
348.121
1890-91
Upland.
35,847
79,741
75,812
89,391
42.326
45,600
28,082
4,592
8,922
8,811
488,744
EXPORTS.
CHANNEL.
8849
Upland.
.........
89-90
13

ft
90-91
Upland.
EXPORTS COASTWISE.
1888-89
Upland.
51.956
99.023
84,866
68,869
50,737
45.9C6
35,630
2(1,298
15,082
2,821
1,805
4,229
471,211
e
a
3
110
2.171
3,951
4.920
7,048
6,177
1,587
805
184
224
36
26
25,740
1889-90
Upland.
62,453
7&42U
62,836
67,716
65,810
86,097
16,991
11,034
13,166
2,681
3,990
7,182
401,378
Sea Island.
238
1,853
3,090
41508
707
1,561
1,515
363
157
79
33
16,942
1890-91
Upland.
68,851
86,422
72,82*
61,013
49,014
36.380
41,694
87,260
82,092
23,671
10,720
8,043
517,873
o
I*
i
241
1,946
2,963
1,014
1,000
3,019
4,3u
4,974
1,292
208
247
138
21,348
SPOT SALES.
188849
Upland.
38,966
82,807
45,671
81,911
42,565
26,542
13,118
4,305
2,296
427
175
5,771
204,344
1889-90
Upland.
64,272
77,935
89,471
27.9U7
24,958
13,139
8,298
2,668
1960
357
456
7,66V
259,089
1890-91
|
42,042
26,915
82.868
35,446
30,62-3
18,678
18395
15,986
8,273
3,864
1,887
6,376
271,855
j *Of which 130 bales Sea Island.
I Destroyed by flre, 8,926 Upland, 106 Sea Island. Manufactured, 1,039. Reshtpped to Interior, 6/7,
I-Of which 230 bale* Sea Island. '
1 Destroyed by tire, 4,212 irpland, 17 Sea Island. Manufactured, 360.
f*0f which 10J bales Sea Island.
1890-91 -< fOf which 100 bales Sea Island.
I Manufactured, 1,961. Reshlpped to interior, 800,
tt
278 MAYOR'S ANNUAL UEPOBT.
EXPORTS IN DETAIL.
SEASON.
Baltimore . . . ...................
New York.................................
Boston
Philadelphia...........................
Total Coastwise..................
Reshlpped to Interior..... .........
Local consnmptlon and burnt
Cork for orders, Total Channel
Liverpool, Total Great Britain
Dunkirk. . .. _.. _ ... .
Reval ................. .. .
Bremen __ ... _ _ __ _ __ 
Barcelona _ ...............................
Abo. ...................._.................
Palma, D. M_...........................
Oeffle _ ...
Uddevalla.................................
Pasages ... ___ . __ _ _ ....
Grand Total........................
1888-89
a
s
.
31,284
0.049
312,183
86,517
10,678
1,300
471,211
627
4,965
79,218
7,772
8,625
11,397
2,912
15,961
67,810
19,500
2,415
29,371
50,429
1,650
2,040
200
15,729
1,150
3,60u
5.040
5,895
8,800
1,000
1,200
228,728
797,14*
Island Sea
4,574
20,32i
844
25,740
106
8,261
145
145
............
130
".'.'.'.".".'.".
............
130
29,382
1889-93
e
a
1
22,749
60,047
258,284
65,270
10,048
401,378
4,602
137,912
87,309
2.375
29,684
1,450
42^89
152,985
6,700
39,761
62^27
2,726
8,270
1,600
16.448
8,550
1,200
8,400
1,150
1,418
1,200
1,218
817^91
Island Bea
639
12,179
4^24
16,942
17
15.15C
642
642
............
230
...........
............
............
............
............
230
2l,4ff7l 32.881
1890-91
*
"o. s
&
47.S93
84.A49
278,062
96,437
10,066
326
460
617,573
600
1,961
106,395
80,623
2^00
2,500
85.42S
8400
80,250
189^95
22,257
57,541
73,725
14,401
6,290
12
1,448
2,23
6,300
1.250
1,200
1,200
1.200
2,525
1,750
8,875
433^44
1,095,296
Island Bea
400
18^08
2,380
21^48
............
20,062
2,172
2,172
100
100
.............
.............
.............
.............
200
43,782
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 370
FOREIGN EXPORTS, VIA DIRECT AND COASTWISE
STEAMSHIPS, FROM SAVANNAH, GA., FOB THE
YEARS 1888-89, 1889-90, AND 1890-91.
Liverpool ...........................
TTnT/TP
Dunkirk...... ............ ...........
Rouen ...............................
Bremen .............................
Hamburg...........................
Antwerp ............ .............
Ghent.. .............................
Tfrlftfltn
Barcelona.................. .........
Lisbon............... ............ ...
Oporto.......... ......................
fteval.... .............................
St. Petersburg......... ..........
Cronstadt...........................
Rijta............ ........ ...............
Sebastopol. ......... ...............
Christiania.... .....................
Bergen............. ............ ......
Hango..... ...........................
Gothenburg .......................
Malmo... ........ .....................
JSorrkoping. .......................
Pootelof Harbor..................
Abo ...................................
Santanda ...........................
Libau.................................
GelHe .................................
Naples-...,.. .... ..................
Veuiee.... .......... .................
Uddevalla................ ..........
Pasages ......... ....................
Salermo ........ .....................
Coruna ...................... .......
Palma, D. M.......................
Total....... .....................
Upland.
Sea Island.
Quantity
Bales
1888-89.
159,222
13,610
8,625
92,160
10,103
35,6:28
52,737
1,450
7,005
58.8H2
2,378
200
32,196
89,984
12,867
3,115
1,200
3,800
400 i nnn
11,775
1,300
4,137
3,600
2,040
1,150
9AA
1,000
200
607,044
Upland.
Sea Island
Quantity
Bales
1889-KO.
204,855
O*T AQrf
2,375
Ifll f>AO
7
QOO
1 9 QQA
34,900
O1 A
64,977
2 907
S
OTA
42,611
100,569
11,500
4,500
Ktnn
1,600
3,550
10,525
800
1,450
1,200 i <tnn
1,150
400
l,7f>0
1,418
1,218
720,400
Upland.
Sea Island.
Quantity
Bales
1890-91.
215,568
JR 1/Vl
0 QAA
' 2,600
213,571
3,201
35,504
19,710
q o^c
1 AA&
on 970
3,125'
6,290
64,191
82,460
8,000
775
1,500
i 400
16,751
1,100
8,100
2,625
1,448
1,250
1,550
1,100
1,200
1,750
1,200
1,200
12
831,083
Receipts of Upland and Sea Island Cotton at tbe Port of Snvannah, Oa., and Weight and Value, b>
lor the Yearn 188S-H9, 1SS9-9O, and 1S9O-91. O
Upland ................... .........
Uea Island ........................
Total..........................
QUANTITY BALPB.
1888-89
798,628
29,991
828,619
1889-90
924,282
32,235
956,517
1890-91
1,098,978
45,630
1,139,608
WEIOHT, POUNDS.
1888-89
389,554765
11,692,401
401,247,166
1889-90
449,284.23?
12,465,919
461,750,15tt
1890-91
640,066,988
IS^S.Si'J
558,365 480
VALUE, DOLLARS.
1888-89
37,878,926
2,658,115
40,537,04'.
1889-90
45,984,544
3,198,356
49,162,900
1890-91
62,445,005
3,723,408
56,16S,413
>
5!
55
_ ____ _ d
UK ports or Uplandaud Ma inland Cotton from the l*ort of savannah, dia., and Weight and 
Value for the Yearg 18S-8,, JS8-O, 189O-B1. ____________
Upland.............................
Bea Island........................
Total...........................
QUANTITY BALES.
1888-89
797,146
29,382
826,528
1889-90
921,467
32,881
954.348
1890 91
1,095,296
43,782
1,139,078
WEIGHT, POUNDS.
1888-89
388,831,875
11,453 9H5
1889-90
447.915,894
12,715,740
400,285,860'460,631,634
1890-91
540,747,635
17.557,457
558,305.092
VALUE, DOLLARS.
1888-89
37.808,533
2,605,008
40,413,541
1869-90
45,824,554
3.262,462
49,087,006
1890-91
52,608,890
3,572,611
56,081,501
Prices of Spot Cotton at Savannah, Ga., 1888-89. Snowing Highest and Lowest Price Each Week.
WEEK ENDING
1888-^9
September...... 7
September.. ....14
September. ....21
September.. ....24
October........... 5
October.. ......... 12
October... ........19 October.. .........26 November...... 2
November.... November.. ....16
November......2S November. .....30 December .. .... 7
December .......14 December .......21 December ......2! January.......... t
January. ........ll January... .....is January. ........23 February........ 1 February........ 8
February ........ 15 February ........11 March ..I....... 1 March............ 8 March ............15
March ...... ......22 March ...... ......21)
April .............. 5
April ......... .....12
April.... ...... .....19
April...............!*)
May................ 3
May........ ........ 10
May.. .............17 May.... ...... ......21
TAI5T
Highest. Lowest.
...............
June............... 7
June......... ...... 14
June...... ........21
June......... .,...,28 July... ............ 5
July ................12
.........,
July ................26
August ........... 2
August ........... 9
August ...........16
A llirllftf. 9K
MID. FAIR.
Highest. Lowest.
10
9 fs-16
9 13-16
9 13-16
10
10
10
10
915-16
10
10
10
9*3-16
9 13-W
9 15-16
10
10
10
10
915-18
I
Nom'nal Nom'nal
.^om'nal Nom'nal Nom'nal Nom'nal
"i
G. MIDDLING.
Highest Lowest.
1-16
MIDDLING. . Low MIDDLING. G. OKUINAKY. URDIHARY.
Highest. Lowest. Highest. Lowest
11U
Prices of Spot Cotton at Savannah, Ga., lS8-9O,jSliowlnff highest and lowest price each week._
WKIK KNI>INO~ KAIK. " MIDBI.IHO FAIK. . MIDBLINO. MIUOLINO. U MH.BUNO. U. OIUHNAKY. OKIUNAKY.
188000
September...... li September,.....IS Hoptembor.. ....Hi September, .....K7
Oot'itier
October,. ... ..11 Ootober...........18
Ootober.....,.....25 Nos'omber ..... 1 November ..... 8
November, .....16
November......22
November......!!!)
December...... 0
December .... IS December ......20
December.....
January......... 3
January.........10 January.........17
January .........21
January.........81 February ...... 7
February ,,,,,.M February ......21 February ......V8
March ...... 7 March.............14
Highest Lowest
...
March ............28
April.,......,,...
April..
April.
Muy...
May..,
May...
May...
May..,
June...
.
June. ........ ......20
June......... .....27
July............... ^
July.............. II
July ......... ......18 July ..............25
Autcust. ......... 1
August.......... 8
August ..........15
August. ...... ...W *,,S,, 0 f on
Highest Lowest
1-16
U 1-16
10 18-16
10 13-18
MM1U
9 15-10
9 11-10
9 11-16
9 13-10
U 15 10
10 1-18
-io
1-10
18
Nom'nal Noni'nal STom'nal Nom'nul Nom'nal
Kom'nat
10% ]OU
Hlghent Lowest
-16
S-19
95-16
95-1U
98-16
1-18
Prices of Spot Cotton at Savannah, Ga., 189O-91. Showing highest and lowest price eacn weeK.
WJCKK ENDING,
1893-91~
Sepiembar..... 5
September ,....12j
September .....19.! September .....28 Oclob r.......... 3
Uctober..........lO!j
October...........l7
October..........24
Oeiober,..,,,....<U
November...... 7|| November......lt
November......21|
November. ..v8. December...... 5
December......12
December......IB
December......28
January........ 2
January........ 9
January........ 16 January........23
January........*);
February.,,,... 6
February.......13
February.......20 February.....27
March............ 8 March............13'
March............20'|
March ............27
April.............. 3
April..............10
April..............17
April..............24
May............... 1
May............... 8
May....... ......15 May...............22
May...............29
June.....,.,..,,... 6
June...............12
June.............. 19 June...............26
July............... 8
July...............10 July...............17 July...............24 July...............31 August........... 7
August...........14
August.. ,.,,.....21
August.......... 81
FAIR. MIDDLING FAIK.' G. MIDDLING. MIDDLING. L. MIDDLING. u. ORDINARY. ORDINARY.
Highest Lowest Highest Lowest Highest Lowest Highest | Lowest Highest Lcwest Highest Lowest Highest Lowest.
9 3-16
*%
91-16
9 1-16 75-18
79-16
79-10
79 16
79-16
77-16
76-18
7
7" 8-18
78-16
286 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
The prices for the past two years is shown by
the following table, which shows the price of
Spirits, and E., I., and N. Rosin on the Iftth day
of each month, from which an average for the
year is taken:
MONTH.
January......
February....
March.........
April..........
May..........
June..........
July ...........
August ......
September ..
October ......
November...
December ..
AverageSpirits.
1891. 1890.
37
37
37
35
35
34
32;
34;
34j
32
31
34.
41
41*
40
> 36}
 36
\ 40
38
37}
37}
37
34}
6 37.9
E. Rosin.
1891. 1890.
$1 15 fl 02}
1 32} 32}
1 40 20
1 45 22}
1 42} 30
1 25 25
1 25 30
1 20 25
1 15 1 20
1 20 1 27}
1 25 1 35
1 25 1 20
$1 27.5 1 32.5
I. Rosin.
1891. 1890.
$1 75 f 1 45
1 95 1 67}
2 15 1 65
2 10 1 65
2 10 1 70
2 10 1 85
1 95 1 95
1 80 2 00
1 50 1 60
1 60 1 65
1 60 1 80
1 75 2 00
$1 86.2 1 74.7
N. Rosin.
1891. 1890.
$3 00 $2 85
3 25 2 72}
3 25 2 60
2 70 2 40
2 85 2 30
280 235
2 30 2 40
2 25 250
245 2 45
a 5 2 60
2 75 3 10
3 00 3 50
$2 79.5 2 64
The principal shipments have been as follows:
Lumber and timber (superficial feet) ..122,400,029
Staves and shingles.......................... 14,055,628
Fruits and vegetables....................... 1,351,763
Turpentine (casks).......................... 227,170
Rosin (barrels)............................... 809,866
Hides (bundles).............................. 7,171
Melons ......................................... 1,897,660
Wool............................................. 5,455
Cotton Seed Oil.............................. 28,029
Cotton Seed Meal......... .................. 61,323
Clay (casks)................................... 5,568
Pig iron........................................ 32,689
Domestics and yarns........................ 44,167
Rice............................................. 470.00Q
Packages merchandise..................... 110,207
Refrigerators (berries)..................... 1,163
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPOET. 287
The following table shows the value of imports
and exports :
Months. Exports. Imports.
January.................. .f 3,492,777 $ 67,282
February.................. 3,029,868 50,697
March...................... 2,003,608 35,657
April ....................... 1,221,966 33,722
May........................ 705,899 67,914
June. ...................... 958,872 27,859
July........................ 469,091 16,102
August..................... 340,052 20,625
September................. 816,965 3,920
October .................... 4,410,403 44,086
November................. 7,252,087 41,675
December.................. 4,761,903 62,847
Total.............. ...$29,463,491 $472,386
The receipts and imports of the principal articles of commerce have been as follows:
Lumber and timber (superficial feet)... 146,890,034
Spirits turpentine (casks).................. 229,287
Rosin (barrels)........ ....................... 803,687
Corn (bushels) ............................... 662,934
Oats (bushels) ................................ 580,000
Grist and meal (barrels).................... 43,000
Flour (barrels)................................ 116,034
Bacon (pounds).............................. 24,542,892
Lard (pounds)................................ 8,784,612
Bran (pounds)................................ 5,674,389
Coffee (sackscoastwise only) ........... 14,215
Rice (bushels)......................,......... 480,874
Saltforeign only(pounds)............ 7,068,499
Molasses (gallons)........................... 146,449
Cements (pounds).................-......... 7,493,315
288 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Fertilizers (tons)............................. 15,356
Brimstone (tons)............................. 1,670
Muriate of potash........................... 2,691,773
Bananas (bunches).......................... 111,759
Cigars (number)............................. 138,900
Savannah has long been the leading naval stores
port of the world, and this year shows a large
increase over any previous year, reaching the
enormous figures of 1,032,964 packages, or more
than all other ports combined. This is particularly
gratifying, coming in the same fiscal year when
our sister body, the Cotton Exchange, could write
the receipts of cotton in seven figures, i. e. 1,139,608
bales.
The increase in the receipts of lumber has
been very marked, reaching the extraordinary
amount of 146,890,034 superficial feet, against
128,685,010 superficial feet last year. Like naval
stores and cotton this heavy production has had
its effect on prices, though not to as great extent.
Our grocerymen, grain and hay dealers, and all
other branches of trade, all report good business,
for which, taking into consideration the railroad
situation and the stringency in the money market,
Savannah has cause to be well satisfied with her
condition.
Respectfully submitted.
C. WALLACE HOWAED,
Superintendent.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL BEPORT. 288
COASTWISE EXPORTS CITY OF SAVANNAH, 1891.
COMPILED BY FRANK J3. REBA.BEB, CLERK OF COUNCIL.
ARTICLES.
Batting .........................................
Bottles...  .....................................
Buggy.............................  .............
Car Wheels.................. .....................
Cider ._.......,...................................... Clay. ............ ............................. ......
Cotton Seed OIL............ .............
FKKS. 
FrtSre
Fish........... ......... ..............
Fruit..................-... ..................
Fruit ..............................................
TI Irlitu
Honey  -
Iron Ties....................... ................. Lard .... ... ..........
Laths.... . .......... .... .......... ...
Lead...........  .................................
Leather....... ....... ..............................
Marble-.........-... .................. Marble ............... ..................... ......
Paint...................... ...........................
.......... ..........bales
cases
bags
....................bales
.............. bales
. . .sacks
................. ...bales
.............. ...barrels
....................bales
....................bales
...............bundles
............... ......cases .................barrels
QUANTITY.
26,711
60
1
1,349
144
2,000
294
1,088
8,447
172
4,404
210
440
18,092
438,027
792
100
64,812
91
84,933
84
16
47,71
420
1,670
61
223
8,588
200
419
11,760
80,728
1,681
1,826
70
8,324
9
32
883
2
1.20T
81,912
200
6.5110
2,113
2
280
1,733
861
178
113,822,436
1,288
658
1
6,710
1,369,675
98,989
780
260
1,754
718
2,526
4,389
1,098,427
99
1,861
S
VALUB.
 6,67776
1,50000
10000
10000
4,04700
67 60
7,00000
88200
4,35200
101,364 00
34400
89,880 00
68260
66000
1,266,44000
19,491,647 50
2,37600
2500
54,02} 00
1,82000
1,047,990 00
1.68000
320 00
2,863,140 00
5000
84000
20,010 00
61000
1,33800
71,38000
1,10000
1,25700
85,25000
68,138 00
80 00
8,6*200
136,99000
17SOO
108,21200
an oo
67 50
11,20000
i 25,776 00
638,210 (0
70000
121,000 GO
] 38000
2,80000
44,575 00
4,73550
4,45000
1,365,869 00
18,032 00
1 10,639 00
171,289 87.
4,949.450 00
7,86000
10,4(10 00
8,770 00
10,33920
22,73400
18,16700
1 617,640 50
29700
'- 6,04800
8,87500
ia
290 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
COASTWISE EXPORTSCONTINUED.
ARTICLES.
Pitch .... . .... .. . .
Pork... _ ............. ____ .................
Rags
Kice, chaff.................. .......................
RlceS'ravr.........................................
Roots............ ......................................
Rosin Oil ........ ...... .................
Backs........... ...................................
SheetlDg............... __ ........................
Shingles..............................................
Heap Stock.................................... .....
Tallow ...............................................
Tallow................................................
Tobacco __ . .. _ . .. . ..... _
Vegetables....... .................................
Vegetables ............ .................. ......... .. Waste ....
Wax....................................................
Wool...... _ .......................................
Tolal, 1801.....................................
Total, 1880.................................
Increase, 1891-............. ........
bags
sacks
..................bales
...................bales
..................bales
....-car
..................bales
............... barrels
_ ....bales
........ ........barrels
..................bales
QUANTITY.
5^79
8,203
5,639
61
600
1U
7,003
8,965
1,249
2.883
75
311,984
2,961
212
810
83
22.3S0.550
215
767
51,215
64
61,7113
1,262
24
26
211
442
102
10
8
27
145
2,05
179,185
268,217
30
25
0,419
VAMIE.
t 88,185 00
6,40600
28,19600
12200
8,00000
1,02600
86,04200
2^41 2&
!M8600
6,76600
30000
1,01S,8 00
26,64900
2,120 00
20250
4,98000
65,876 00
98000
15,340 10
100 UO
921,65500
51200
2,58990
18,93000
8,69000
26(10
8,16500
6,63000
2,866 00
56000
8200
1,35000
1,015 00
12,33000
637.555 00
402,32550
780 00
900 00
967,35000
J 38,742,295 57
35,922,949 64
f 2.819,34593
MAYOR'8 ANNUAL REPORT. 201
FOREIGN EXPORTS FROM SAVANNAH, GA., FOR THE YEAR 1891.
ARTICLES.
Cotton, Sea Island, bales 23,010 .
Cotton, Upland, bales 540,600 . .
Rosin (280 Ibs. to barrel) ....
Spirits Turpentine ......
Cotton Seed. ..........
Cotton Seed Oil Cake ......
Phosphate Rock ......
Lumber. ............
Timber, Hewn .........
Staves .............
All other ...........
Total ...........
. .Ibs.
. . Ibs.
. bbls.
. gals.
. .Ibs.
lha
, tons.
.Mft.
. .Cft.
QUANTITY.
9,202,449
263,225,429
819,917
8,168,659
2,946,095
5,557,786
7,294
19,181
14,354
DOLLARS.
$ 1,655,316
23,063,570
1,358,184
2,846,740
28,551
64,645
85,080
252,845
3,229
2,065
116,257
$ 29,476,491
IMPORTS, PORT OF SAVANNAH FKOM JAN. 1, 1891, TO DECEMBER
31,1891.
ARTICLES.
Fertilizers ...... .....
Fruit of all kinds, including nutsPotash .............
Cement .............
Bags and Bagging ........
Salt. ..............
Cigars . ...........
Wines and Liquors .......
Sulphur Ore ...........
China Clay ...........
Manufacturers of Iron and Steel . Glass and Glass wa re . ......
fe'oap ..............
All /"it-tint* ortiflpQ
Unit of
Quantity.
Tons.
Tons.
Pds.
it
Gals.
Pds.
Gals.
Tons.
Tons.
QUANTITY.
17,111
3,745
4,253,964
^,999,733
132,575
5,551,474
3,438
1,600
392
VALUE.
$ 130,539
91,125
76,928
64,510
28,285
22,900
16,699
6,707
6,157
3,950
3,893
3,279
2,995
1 '60 411
9,048
$ 472,386
282 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
VESSELS ENTERED AT AND CLEARED FROM CUSTOM HOUSE
DURING THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,1891.
United States Vessels entered ....
United States Vessels cleared ....
Foreign Vessels entered .......
Total entered and cleared, Foreign .
Coastwise entries ..........
Trttol f/MiativicA
Total Foreign ............
Grand total ............
&>. Tenth.
13
4
325
339
681
484
4 -IS
929
681
1,610
TONS.
4,778
9,909
OOQ 1&O
271,067
523,877
719,328
676,900
1,396,228
523,877
1,920,105
CREW.
123
218
4
7QA
5,429
10,550
19,014
1 Q OftA
37,214
10,550
47,764
MAYO R'S AN N UAL REPORT. 203
RECAPITULATION OF CITY TAX DIGEST, YEAR 1891.
Real Estate ......$19,913,006 at 11%...$298,695 09
Ground Rent..... 1,514,170 at 11%... 22,712 55
Stock in Trade... 2,560,015 at 11%... 38,40023
Personal........... 4,771,424 at li%... 71,57136
Banking Capital. 2,896,337 at li%... 43,44505
Shipping...........  975,562 at 11%... 14,63343
Total.........$32,630,514 $489,457 71
294 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
STANDING COMMITTEES OF COUNCIL, 1891.
AccountsMills, Haines, Charlton.
AssessmentsCharlton,Mills,Harris, Reid, O'Brien.
City LotsO'Brien, Carson, McGuire.
DrainageCarson, Charlton, Mills.
FinanceMyers, Mills, Cann, Carson, Bailey.
FireBailey, Haines, Reid.
Harbor and WharvesMcGuire, Harmon, O'Brien.
Health and CemeteryHarris, Harmon, Reid.
MarketReid, Harmon, McGuire.
PoliceHaines, Carson, Myers.
Streets and LanesHarmon, Cann, Bailey, Harris,
O'Brien.
WaterCann, Myers, Carson.
BOARD OF SANITARY COMMISSIONERS.
Aldermen Harris, Myers. Citizens J. R. Saussy,
John F. Wheaton, J. R. Sheldon.
COMMISSIONERS OF EDUCATION.
R. D. Walker, Randolph Axson.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 295
CITY OFFICERS.
MayorJohn J. McDonough.
Clerk of CouncilFrank E. Rebarer.
City TreasurerCharles S. Hardee.
City MarshalRobert J. Wade.
Oily EngineerWilliam J. Winn.
Chief of PoliceJohn Green.
Assistant Chief of PoliceJohn B. Killourhy.
SergeantsHenry Ling, O. P. Reilly, Jas. M. Mock,
H. W. Baughn.
Messenger of CouncilJohn Harrison.
City AttorneySamuel B. Adams.
Judge of the City CourtA. H. MacDonell.
Clerk of the City CourtPhilip M. Russell.
City Sheriff-Lionel L. Goodwin.
Clerk of the MarketrJ. P. O'Brien.
Harbor MasterRobert C. Kennedy.
Health OfficerWilliam F. Brunner, M. D.
Keeper of City DispensaryLewis Cass.
Keeper of Laurel Grove CemeteryH. S. Haupt.
Keeper of Forsyth PlaceG. Kiesling.
Keeper of Pest HouseM. A. Fahey.
City PhysiciansBenj. F. Sheftall, G. G. Larcombe,
T. J. Hennessey.
Chief FiremanW. B. Puder.
Assistant Chief FiremanGeorge Mouro.
Sup't and Engineer Water WorksJas. Manning.
City PrinterSavannah Press.
Port WardensWm. B. Adams, John Power, Lewis
Wiggins.
Chimney Contractor Eastern and Western Dii^isions
Daniel Sullivan.
284 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
1891-92.
The first bale of Georgia cotton of the crop
1891-92 was received ou August 6, classed middling, weighed 581 pounds and was sold at 10 cents.
The first bale of Florida cotton was received
August 12.
The season of 1891-92 opened with middling at
75, went to 84 on September 5th and steadily declined and closed at 7 13-16.
October opened at 7 13-16 and closed at 7f.
November opened at 7 9-16, steadily declined
and closed at 7 3-16.
December opened at 7i, steadily declined and
closed at 6 15-16.
January opened at 6 15-16 and closed at 6t.
February opened at 61 and closed at 6i.
March opened at 61 and closed at 6i.
The lowest price for middling thus far this season, 6i, touched on March 16.
Very respectfully,
J. P. MERRIHEW,
Superintendent.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 285
REPORT OF BOARD OF TRADE.
OFFICE SAVANNAH BOARD OF TKADE, I
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1892. J
Hon. John J. McDonough,
Mayor City of Savannah:
DEAR SIRIn compliance with your request I
have the honor to submit herewith a statement
showing the movement of trade for the year ending
December 31st, 1891. I regret that the fiscal year
of the Board of Trade ends at such a time as to
exclude from this statement certain tables that
might be of interest. The receipt of Naval Stores
have been as follows:
	Spirits. Rosin.
Stock on hand January 1st, 1891............. ....... ......12,575 113,276
ReceiptsSpirits. Rosin.
January............... 5,138 70,055
February ............ 3,599 35,471
March ................ 4,375 27,720
April ...................15,051 40,686
May ...................52,054 71,580
June ...................31,659 77,217
July .....................34,420 83,348
August....... .......24,185 82,023
September ...........21,360 79,460
October................1SJ.842 83,859
November............21,447 65,821
December ............16,lf'7 69,442 229,287 803,687
Total supply...................................................241,862 916,963
Shipments Foreign. Coastwise.
Spirits. Rosin. Spirits. Rosin.
January......... .......10,823 26,525 1,103 25,812
February........... .... 3,045 74,951 2,145 16,336
March............. .... 3,220 58,921 1,444 16,329
April... .................. 4,062 21,076 7,996 15,699
May ......................20,312 35,276 9,851 30,611
June......................23,163 26,961 10,587 40,127
July.......................14,047 46,699 9,780 40,597
August ..................12,811 22,764 3,674 46,236
September ..............17,368 19,806 5,297 37,749
October..................24,305 49,168 5,534 23,627
November ..............11,496 35,235 7,712 22,815
December...............l3,788 61,355 3,602 15,191
158,440 478,737 68,730 331,129 227,170 809,866
Stock remaining December 31st, 1891................. 14,692 107,097