{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/presentation/manifest.json","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Affidavit of Daniel Howard: Albany, Georgia, 1868 Sept. 25, Civil Unrest in Camilla, Georgia, 1868 : Reconstruction, Republicanism, and Race, De Soto Trail Regional Library System"]},"summary":{"en":["This is the affidavit Daniel Howard gives to Freedman's Bureau subassistant commissioner O.H. Howard in Albany, Georgia on September 25, 1868. Daniel Howard, a twenty-year-old laborer employed by Colonel S. Montgomery in Dougherty County, Georgia, gives his account of the Camilla Riot, an incident that occurred in Camilla, Georgia on September 19, 1868 when Republicans together with freedmen came to Camilla to hold a political rally and were met with violent opposition from the townspeople. On the day of the riot Daniel Howard joined a procession of freedmen into Camilla about five miles outside of town, and soon they met up with Republican party candidate for elector John Murphy, Republican congressional candidate William P. Pierce, Republican plantation owner Francis Flagg Putney, and ousted Republican Georgia state legislator Philip Joiner. Then the entire group encountered Camilla resident James Johns, who, according to Daniel Howard, upon approaching them on horseback with a double-barrelled shotgun, proclaimed, \"by God I am courier on this road and you can't go into Camilla with that music,\" and added, \"but you can go in, just as you damn please you'll get hurt anyhow.\" They were next met by Sheriff Mumford S. Poore who told Murphy \"I don't think you've a right to come down to Camilla with an army of men, to take the place.\" Yet the group proceeded into town and were met again by James Johns who ordered the music to stop and when his order went unheeded began firing his shotgun into the bandwagon. Johns's shots were followed immediately by shots from other white men, and most of the freedmen fled. Daniel Howard waited to make his escape until many of the white men had left in pursuit of the freedmen then he fled to the woods but was soon \"driven to a ditch and forced to surrender.\" Daniel Howard then recalls that he was struck in the head with the butt of a gun and forced to return to Camilla to help whites picking up wounded men in a wagon. There he overheard the white men saying that if the freedmen had come without guns they would have surrounded them and killed them all.\nDigital image and transcription created by the Digital Library of Georgia in 2001 of a photocopy held by DeSoto Trail Regional Library of an original record held by the National Archives."]},"rights":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["No Copyright - United States (http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/)\nDe Soto Trail Regional Library System"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["De Soto Trail Regional Library System"]},"logo":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/uploads/holding_institution/215/image/record_image.jpg","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}]}],"seeAlso":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039.json","type":"Dataset","format":"application/json"}],"metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Title"]},"value":{"en":["Affidavit of Daniel Howard: Albany, Georgia, 1868 Sept. 25"]}},{"label":{"en":["Holding Institution"]},"value":{"en":["De Soto Trail Regional Library System"]}},{"label":{"en":["Online Collection"]},"value":{"en":["Civil Unrest in Camilla, Georgia, 1868 : Reconstruction, Republicanism, and Race"]}},{"label":{"en":["Creator"]},"value":{"en":["Howard, O. H."]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1868-09-25"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["African Americans--Georgia--History--19th century\nAfrican Americans--Georgia--Social conditions--To 1964\nFreedmen--Georgia--Political activity\nFreedmen--Georgia--Violence against\nFreedmen--Georgia--Personal narratives\nReconstruction--Georgia\nPolitical violence--Georgia--Camilla\nMitchell County (Ga.)--Race relations\nMitchell County (Ga.)--Politics and government\nPoore, Mumford\nJohns, James, fl. 1868\nUnited States. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands\nHoward, Daniel, fl. 1868"]}},{"label":{"en":["Location"]},"value":{"en":["United States, Georgia, Mitchell County, Camilla, 31.23129, -84.21046"]}},{"label":{"en":["Medium"]},"value":{"en":["affidavits"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["Text"]}},{"label":{"en":["File format"]},"value":{"en":["image/jpeg\ntext/html"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["This is the affidavit Daniel Howard gives to Freedman's Bureau subassistant commissioner O.H. Howard in Albany, Georgia on September 25, 1868. Daniel Howard, a twenty-year-old laborer employed by Colonel S. Montgomery in Dougherty County, Georgia, gives his account of the Camilla Riot, an incident that occurred in Camilla, Georgia on September 19, 1868 when Republicans together with freedmen came to Camilla to hold a political rally and were met with violent opposition from the townspeople. On the day of the riot Daniel Howard joined a procession of freedmen into Camilla about five miles outside of town, and soon they met up with Republican party candidate for elector John Murphy, Republican congressional candidate William P. Pierce, Republican plantation owner Francis Flagg Putney, and ousted Republican Georgia state legislator Philip Joiner. Then the entire group encountered Camilla resident James Johns, who, according to Daniel Howard, upon approaching them on horseback with a double-barrelled shotgun, proclaimed, \"by God I am courier on this road and you can't go into Camilla with that music,\" and added, \"but you can go in, just as you damn please you'll get hurt anyhow.\" They were next met by Sheriff Mumford S. Poore who told Murphy \"I don't think you've a right to come down to Camilla with an army of men, to take the place.\" Yet the group proceeded into town and were met again by James Johns who ordered the music to stop and when his order went unheeded began firing his shotgun into the bandwagon. Johns's shots were followed immediately by shots from other white men, and most of the freedmen fled. Daniel Howard waited to make his escape until many of the white men had left in pursuit of the freedmen then he fled to the woods but was soon \"driven to a ditch and forced to surrender.\" Daniel Howard then recalls that he was struck in the head with the butt of a gun and forced to return to Camilla to help whites picking up wounded men in a wagon. There he overheard the white men saying that if the freedmen had come without guns they would have surrounded them and killed them all.\nDigital image and transcription created by the Digital Library of Georgia in 2001 of a photocopy held by DeSoto Trail Regional Library of an original record held by the National Archives."]}},{"label":{"en":["Extent"]},"value":{"en":["4 pages/leaves"]}},{"label":{"en":["Local identifier"]},"value":{"en":["cam039"]}},{"label":{"en":["DLG record ID"]},"value":{"en":["dlg_zlcu_cam039"]}},{"label":{"en":["Metadata URL"]},"value":{"en":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/zlcu/id:cam039"]}},{"label":{"en":["Digital Object URL"]},"value":{"en":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/do:dlg_zlcu_cam039"]}},{"label":{"en":["Citation"]},"value":{"en":["Cite as: [title of item], United States. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Records. National Archives and Records Administration, presented in the Digital Library of Georgia"]}},{"label":{"en":["Related materials"]},"value":{"en":["Forms part of United States. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Records held by the National Archives."]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights"]},"value":{"en":["No Copyright - United States (http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Portal"]},"value":{"en":["The Digital Library of Georgia"]}}],"items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/canvas/1","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["1"]},"height":3216,"width":2414,"items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/canvas/1/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/annotation/1/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039-00001.jp2","type":"Image","format":"image/jp2","height":3216,"width":2414,"service":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039-00001.jp2","type":"ImageService2","profile":"level1"}]},"target":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/canvas/1"}]}],"rendering":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039-00001.jp2/full/full/0/default.jpg?download=true","type":"Image","label":{"en":["Full size image (2414 x 3216px)"]},"format":"image/jpeg"}]},{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/canvas/2","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["2"]},"height":3342,"width":2414,"items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/canvas/2/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/annotation/2/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039-00002.jp2","type":"Image","format":"image/jp2","height":3342,"width":2414,"service":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039-00002.jp2","type":"ImageService2","profile":"level1"}]},"target":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/canvas/2"}]}],"rendering":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039-00002.jp2/full/full/0/default.jpg?download=true","type":"Image","label":{"en":["Full size image (2414 x 3342px)"]},"format":"image/jpeg"}]},{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/canvas/3","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["3"]},"height":3240,"width":2354,"items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/canvas/3/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/annotation/3/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039-00003.jp2","type":"Image","format":"image/jp2","height":3240,"width":2354,"service":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039-00003.jp2","type":"ImageService2","profile":"level1"}]},"target":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/canvas/3"}]}],"rendering":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039-00003.jp2/full/full/0/default.jpg?download=true","type":"Image","label":{"en":["Full size image (2354 x 3240px)"]},"format":"image/jpeg"}]},{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/canvas/4","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["4"]},"height":3312,"width":2426,"items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/canvas/4/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/annotation/4/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039-00004.jp2","type":"Image","format":"image/jp2","height":3312,"width":2426,"service":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039-00004.jp2","type":"ImageService2","profile":"level1"}]},"target":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam039/canvas/4"}]}],"rendering":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam039-00004.jp2/full/full/0/default.jpg?download=true","type":"Image","label":{"en":["Full size image (2426 x 3312px)"]},"format":"image/jpeg"}]}]}