{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/presentation/manifest.json","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Letter: Atlanta, Georgia, to Major General Oliver Otis Howard, Washington, D.C, 1868 Oct. 12, Civil Unrest in Camilla, Georgia, 1868 : Reconstruction, Republicanism, and Race, De Soto Trail Regional Library System"]},"summary":{"en":["In his letter from Atlanta to Freedmen's Bureau Commissioner Major General Oliver Otis Howard in Washington, D.C., dated October 12, 1868, Georgia Assistant Commissioner Caleb C. Sibley encloses additional evidence in the recent episodes of violence between whites and freedmen that began at a Republican political rally in Camilla, Georgia on September 19, 1868. This additional evidence includes testimony from freedman Lochran Hunter regarding three deaths in the community related to the incident and corroborates the earlier report filed by Sub-Assistant Commissioner, Brevet Major O.H. Howard. To give Commissioner O.O. Howard an idea of the political climate in the area, Sibley also encloses testimony from an ex-Army officer, Mr. Sherwood, regarding an incident at the polling place on Election Day the previous April. The testimony outlines the obstacles the whites, including legislative candidate W.A. Bird, presented to freedmen who came to vote that day, and the powerlessness of officers and a limited number of soldiers from the Freedmen's Bureau to prevent the harassment, which included gunfire and threats on the lives of the freedmen. Four days after this letter was written, on October 16, 1868, Commissioner O.O. Howard replaced Sibley with John Randolph Lewis as head of the Georgia agency. Sibley became military commander of the district of Georgia.\nDigital image and transcription created by the Digital Library of Georgia in 2001 of a photocopy held by DeSoto Trail Regional Library of an original record held by the National Archives."]},"rights":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["No Copyright - United States (http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/)\nDe Soto Trail Regional Library System"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["De Soto Trail Regional Library System"]},"logo":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/uploads/holding_institution/215/image/record_image.jpg","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}]}],"seeAlso":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020.json","type":"Dataset","format":"application/json"}],"metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Title"]},"value":{"en":["Letter: Atlanta, Georgia, to Major General Oliver Otis Howard, Washington, D.C, 1868 Oct. 12"]}},{"label":{"en":["Holding Institution"]},"value":{"en":["De Soto Trail Regional Library System"]}},{"label":{"en":["Online Collection"]},"value":{"en":["Civil Unrest in Camilla, Georgia, 1868 : Reconstruction, Republicanism, and Race"]}},{"label":{"en":["Creator"]},"value":{"en":["Sibley, Caleb Chase, 1806-1875"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1868-10-12"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Republican Party (Ga.)--History--19th century\nRepublican Party (Ga.)--Public opinion\nElections--Georgia--Mitchell County--Corrupt practices\nFreedmen--Georgia--Political activity\nFreedmen--Georgia--Violence against\nMilitary assistance\nPublic opinion--Georgia\nReconstruction--Georgia\nPolitical violence--Georgia--Camilla\nMitchell County (Ga.)--Race relations\nMitchell County (Ga.)--Politics and government\nUnited States. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands"]}},{"label":{"en":["Location"]},"value":{"en":["United States, Georgia, Mitchell County, Camilla, 31.23129, -84.21046"]}},{"label":{"en":["Medium"]},"value":{"en":["letters (correspondence)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["Text"]}},{"label":{"en":["File format"]},"value":{"en":["image/jpeg\ntext/html"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["In his letter from Atlanta to Freedmen's Bureau Commissioner Major General Oliver Otis Howard in Washington, D.C., dated October 12, 1868, Georgia Assistant Commissioner Caleb C. Sibley encloses additional evidence in the recent episodes of violence between whites and freedmen that began at a Republican political rally in Camilla, Georgia on September 19, 1868. This additional evidence includes testimony from freedman Lochran Hunter regarding three deaths in the community related to the incident and corroborates the earlier report filed by Sub-Assistant Commissioner, Brevet Major O.H. Howard. To give Commissioner O.O. Howard an idea of the political climate in the area, Sibley also encloses testimony from an ex-Army officer, Mr. Sherwood, regarding an incident at the polling place on Election Day the previous April. The testimony outlines the obstacles the whites, including legislative candidate W.A. Bird, presented to freedmen who came to vote that day, and the powerlessness of officers and a limited number of soldiers from the Freedmen's Bureau to prevent the harassment, which included gunfire and threats on the lives of the freedmen. Four days after this letter was written, on October 16, 1868, Commissioner O.O. Howard replaced Sibley with John Randolph Lewis as head of the Georgia agency. Sibley became military commander of the district of Georgia.\nDigital image and transcription created by the Digital Library of Georgia in 2001 of a photocopy held by DeSoto Trail Regional Library of an original record held by the National Archives."]}},{"label":{"en":["Extent"]},"value":{"en":["6 pages/leaves"]}},{"label":{"en":["Local identifier"]},"value":{"en":["cam020"]}},{"label":{"en":["DLG record ID"]},"value":{"en":["dlg_zlcu_cam020"]}},{"label":{"en":["Metadata URL"]},"value":{"en":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/zlcu/id:cam020"]}},{"label":{"en":["Digital Object URL"]},"value":{"en":["https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/do:dlg_zlcu_cam020"]}},{"label":{"en":["Citation"]},"value":{"en":["Cite as: [title of item], United States. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Records. National Archives and Records Administration, presented in the Digital Library of Georgia"]}},{"label":{"en":["Related materials"]},"value":{"en":["Forms part of United States. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Records held by the National Archives."]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights"]},"value":{"en":["No Copyright - United States (http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Portal"]},"value":{"en":["The Digital Library of Georgia"]}}],"items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/1","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["1"]},"height":3218,"width":2358,"items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/1/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/annotation/1/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00001.jp2","type":"Image","format":"image/jp2","height":3218,"width":2358,"service":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00001.jp2","type":"ImageService2","profile":"level1"}]},"target":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/1"}]}],"rendering":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00001.jp2/full/full/0/default.jpg?download=true","type":"Image","label":{"en":["Full size image (2358 x 3218px)"]},"format":"image/jpeg"}]},{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/2","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["2"]},"height":3260,"width":2436,"items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/2/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/annotation/2/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00002.jp2","type":"Image","format":"image/jp2","height":3260,"width":2436,"service":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00002.jp2","type":"ImageService2","profile":"level1"}]},"target":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/2"}]}],"rendering":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00002.jp2/full/full/0/default.jpg?download=true","type":"Image","label":{"en":["Full size image (2436 x 3260px)"]},"format":"image/jpeg"}]},{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/3","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["3"]},"height":3314,"width":2322,"items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/3/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/annotation/3/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00003.jp2","type":"Image","format":"image/jp2","height":3314,"width":2322,"service":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00003.jp2","type":"ImageService2","profile":"level1"}]},"target":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/3"}]}],"rendering":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00003.jp2/full/full/0/default.jpg?download=true","type":"Image","label":{"en":["Full size image (2322 x 3314px)"]},"format":"image/jpeg"}]},{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/4","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["4"]},"height":3260,"width":2334,"items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/4/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/annotation/4/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00004.jp2","type":"Image","format":"image/jp2","height":3260,"width":2334,"service":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00004.jp2","type":"ImageService2","profile":"level1"}]},"target":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/4"}]}],"rendering":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00004.jp2/full/full/0/default.jpg?download=true","type":"Image","label":{"en":["Full size image (2334 x 3260px)"]},"format":"image/jpeg"}]},{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/5","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["5"]},"height":3230,"width":2364,"items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/5/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/annotation/5/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00005.jp2","type":"Image","format":"image/jp2","height":3230,"width":2364,"service":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00005.jp2","type":"ImageService2","profile":"level1"}]},"target":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/5"}]}],"rendering":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00005.jp2/full/full/0/default.jpg?download=true","type":"Image","label":{"en":["Full size image (2364 x 3230px)"]},"format":"image/jpeg"}]},{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/6","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["6"]},"height":3260,"width":2382,"items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/6/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/annotation/6/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00006.jp2","type":"Image","format":"image/jp2","height":3260,"width":2382,"service":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00006.jp2","type":"ImageService2","profile":"level1"}]},"target":"https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_zlcu_cam020/canvas/6"}]}],"rendering":[{"id":"https://dlg.usg.edu/images/iiif/2/dlg%2Fdlg%2Fzlcu%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020%2Fdlg_zlcu_cam020-00006.jp2/full/full/0/default.jpg?download=true","type":"Image","label":{"en":["Full size image (2382 x 3260px)"]},"format":"image/jpeg"}]}]}