~ 2011 Georgia Data Summary eri ss Georgia Department of Public Health OVERVIEW Campylobacteriosis is an enteric disease caused by bacteria of the genus Campylobacter. The most common species is jejuni, followed by coli. Typical symptoms include diarrhea , abdominal cramps , malaise , fever, nausea , and vomiting, but asymptomatic infections occur. Stool may contain blood and white cells. The illness generally lasts 2-5 days . Prolonged illness may occur in adults, and relapse is possible. In immunocompromised persons, Campylobacter may spread to the bloodstream and cause a serious life-threatening infection . Reactive arthritis, febrile seizures, and Guillain-Barre Syndrome are uncommon complications of Campylobacter infections. The mode of transmission of Campylobacter is normally by ingestion of the organism in under-cooked chicken or other contaminated food and water, or raw milk. Contact with infected pets (especially puppies and kittens) , farm animals or infected infants may also be a source of transmission . Figure 1. Campylobacteriosis, 2001-2011 900 ~, r-------------.- - - - - - 1--- l- 800 1-----------------..,L 10.00 700 g ! 8 .00 3 600 ~ 500 f-IJ-----~r---~-1=-=- -~-~~----~1---I"~Jv-_.__,;I_i 6.00 6 .0... 400 -i ~ 300 200 ~r--.~---------~---~~-------~------~1-----------l-1-----~--~--.1---.~.,~i 4. 0 0 2.00 ~ ; 100 0 LJ 0.00 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 - Cases - Rate Figure 2. SURVEILLANCE All Georgia physicians, laboratories and other health care providers are required by law to report both labconfirmed and clinical diagnoses of cases of Campylobacter. Reporting of all cases is required within seven days . During 2011 , more laboratories began testing by culture-independent methods such as enzyme immunoassays (EIA); these are considered suspect cases, are reportable, but are not included in this summary. Cultures may be sent to the Georgia Public Health Laboratory for case confirmation Outbreaks are investigated to determine the possible source of infection and prevent additional illness. Active Surveillance for Campylobacter is conducted through FoodNet. For more information , please visit: ~ http ://dph .georgia.gov/eip/ ~ http ://www .cdc .gov/foodnet/ INCIDENCE In 2011 , 822 cases of Campylobacter were reported , for a rate of 8.37/100 ,000 (Figure 1). Overall , rates of Campylobacter vary across the state , with counties in the northern and southern parts of the state reporting higher rates of Campylobacter than central counties (Figure 2). Rate per 100,000 of Campylobacteriosis , Georgia, 2011 Le g e n d Rate c::J 0 000000 - 4 78950 1 ~ 4 789502 - 14811201 . . 14811202-28089688 . . 28089889-.47 472110 . . 47472111-85506627 Created Milly 14.2012 Cl<~nlft::