ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION Air Protection Branch 1995 Ambient Air Surveillance Report TWS PAGE LEFT BLANK TABLE OF CONTENTS Georgia Ambient Air Standards 1995 Georgia Air Sampling Network Total Suspended Particulate ( TSP ) Five Year Compilation of Total Suspended Particulate Geometric Means PM-10 Sulfur Dioxide (SO, ) Ozone (0, ) Carbon Monoxide ( CO ) Nitrogen Dioxide ( NO,) Lead ( Pb ) Nitric Oxide ( NO ) Oxides of Nitrogen ( NO, ) Acid Precipitation Types of Sampling Methods ( Appendix A ) Abbreviations ( Appendix B ) PAGE 6 7 12 18 Ambient Air Monitoring Ambient air monitoring in Georgia provides information on measured concentrations of criteria and non-criteria pollutants at selected locations. Criteria pollutants are those which a standard has been adopted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Non-criteria pollutants, while having no standard, provide useful information on the quality and content of ambient air. The monitoring network contains 55 monitors for criteria and 53 monitors for noncriteria pollutants. The current Georgia Air Sampling Network ( G.A.S.N.), is comprised of 108 monitors at 70 locations in 30 counties. Monitoring takes place year round with the exception of ozone, which is sampled from March through November. The monitoring network is composed of State and Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS), National Air Monitoring Stations (NAMS), Special Purpose Monitoring (SPM), and Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (PAMS). During 1995 the network contained 15 NAMS, 16 SLAMS, 77 SPM stations and 4 PAMS stations. The number and location of the individual sites vary from year to year, depending on a variety of reasons which include: availability of long term space allocation; citizen complaint; regulatory need; etc. Once the site is established, it is our purpose to monitor for long term trends. In general, the basic monitoring objectives that govern the selection of sites are: I ) to determine the highest concentration expected to occur; 2) to determine representative concentrations in areas of high population density; 3) to determine the impact on ambient pollution levels of significant sources or source categories; 4) to determine the general background concentration levels; and 5) to determine the concentration of a number of compounds which may aid in the generation of ground level ozone. GEORGIA AMBIENT AIR STANDARDS SUMMARY Compound Standard Units Time Interval Sulfur Dioxide 0.50 PPm 3 Hour 0.14 PPm 24 Hour 0.03 PPm Annual Mean Particulate Matter 50.0 M/M3 Annual Arithmetic Mean 150.0 IJgIM3 24 Hour Carbon Monoxide 35.0 PPm 1 Hour 9.0 PPm 8 Hour Ozone 0.12 PPm 1 Hour Nitrogen Dioxide 0.05 PPm Annual Mean Lead 1.5 IJg/M3 Calendar Quarter Average 1995 GEORGIA AIR SAMPLING NETWORK - 1995 GEORGIA AIR QUALITY MONITORING NETWORK AQCR ADDRESS SITE NO. START UP DATE 2 Columbus Phenix City AQCR POLLUTANTS MONITORED Muscogee County Health Dept. Fire Station # 4 Columbus Airport S.E. Site, Allied Drive N.W. Site, Joy Road Cussetta Rd. Elem School Columbus Crime Lab Union High School, Leslie TSP,LEAD TSP 03 LEAD LEAD LEAD,PM-10 03 03 49 Jacksonville-Brunswick AQCR -- Brunwick ~ e a T h~ e ~ z m e n t 13-127-0001 01/01/66 Arco Pump Station 13-127-0004 08131178 Risley Middle School 13-127-0006 1/1/87,3/1/95 TSP,LEAD TSP S02,03 53 Augusta-Aiken AQCR - -- City &ill, Wrens Sandbar Ferry Jr. High Student Center Med. College Water Treatment Plant Bungalow Road School Clara Jenkins School 13-163-0001 13-245-0004 13-245-0005 13-245-0006 13-245-0091 13-245-0092 10/24/74 12119/74 04/03/79 02/08/79 07/07/76 07/07/76 TSP TSP TSP,LEAD TSP TSP,03 TSP 54 Central Georgia AQCR Baldwin Airport, Milledgeville Allied Chemical Company, Macon Bus Barn, Riverside Drive Morningside Drive, Sandersville 13-009-0001 13-021-0007 13-021-0010 13-303-0001 10/03/74 01/ I 7/74 04/05/79 01/01/76 TSP,S02 TSP TSP,LEAD PM-10 55 Chattanooga-Rossville AQCR - Fire Station #2, Cartersville Stilesboro, Highway 113 Ringgold Health Center Summerville Elementary School, McCaysville Jack's River Road, Fannin County Coosa School, Rome Floyd Co. Health Department Coosa High School, Rome DOT,Dallas Rossville Health Center TSP SO2 TSP PM-10 TSP,S02 03 SO2 TSP,LEAD TSP 03 TSP,LEAD 56 Atlanta Metropolitan AQCR Geography Bldg., Carrollton Forest Park, DOT Fire Station, Smyrna South Dekalb College DMRC, Dekalb County Dekalb Tech, Clarkston 13-045-0001 13-063-0091 13-067-1001 13-089-0002 13-089-0003 13-089-1002 04111179 12116/77 07/01/70 1/30174,7/21178 06/25/86 0111 1/78 TSP,LEAD TSP TSP 03,N02 LEAD TSP,CO Doraville Health Center, Sweetwater Creek, Lithia Springs Fulton County Health Department Fulton County Health Department Utoy Creek, 736 Selig Drive E. Rivers School Fire Station #8 Ga. Tech Bolton Road Confederate Avenue, Atlanta East Point Health Center Conyers Monastery, Highway 212 Roswell Road PM-10 03 TSP, LEAD PM-10 TSP TSP PM-10 S02,N02 LEAD S02,03 TSP 03,N02 co 57 Northeast Georgia AQCR -- University of Georgia, Athens Georgia Forestry, Dawsonville Walton Fish Hatchery Elberton Fire Dept., Elberton 58 Savannah-Beaufort AQCR Fire Station #2 Shuman School Market Street Farmers Market, Savannah Savannah Tech Mercer Jr High School 13-059-0001 13-085-0001 13-297-0001 13-105-0001 01/01/71 10124185 10118/79 09117/94 13-051-001 1 13-051-0014 13-051-0017 13-051-0019 13-051-0020 13-051-0091 07101I73 09117/79 12/23/80 02117/84 01/25/89 07/07/76 TSP,LEAD 03, TSP PM-10 TSP,LEAD TSP TSP SO2 TSP TSP ' Strong Elernenatry School Lathrop & Augusta East President Street East President Street 13-051-0093 13-051-1002 13-051-0021 13-051-0021 07/02/76 2/1167,2/19/86 3/29195,4/19195 4112195,4112/95 TSP TSP,PM-10 S02,03 TRS. H2S 59 Southwest Georgia AQCR City Hall, Cordele 13-081-0002 11/01/77 TSP DNR Regional Office, Albany 13-095-0004 09/29/78 TSP Plant Mitchell, Albany 13-095-0006 02101189 SO2 Turner Elementary School, Albany 13-095-0007 07/30/91 TSP TOTAL SUSPENDED PARTICULATE 1995 MONITORING NETWORK In 1987 the particulate standard was changed from Total Suspended Particulate to a PM-10 Standard, ( particles with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 microns or smaller). In 1995 Georgia operated 39 TSP monitors in 21 counties acting as surrogates for PM-10 monitors. There were no excessions of the particulate standard in 1994 utilizing the TSP method therefore the PM-10 standard was met. A five year analysis of TSP annual means shows a downward trend in concentrations. TOTAL SUSPENDED PARTICULATES Period: Year of 1995 Method: 91 Units: Micrograms per Cubic Meter - Air Quality Control Region 2 Columbus-Phenix Interstate TOTAL SUSPENDED PARTICULATES - Air Qualitv Control Reaion 54 Central Georaia Intrastate TOTAL SUSPENDED PARTICUATES - Air Qualitv Control Reaion 57 Northeast Georaia Intrastate TOTAL SUSPENDED PARTICULATE - Air Qualitv Control Reaion 58 Savannah-Beaufort Interstate Shuman Sch-o- ol, Sava- nn- ah.....Market Street. Savannah Sava..n.--.-n---.a.---h-p,-T.." ech, Savannah Mercer Jr. High, Garden City - 130510014 130510017 i 130510020 130510091 Jan - Dec Jan-Dec Jan - Dec Jan - Dec Strong Elementary School, Port 130510093 Jan - Dec Wentworth - - Lathrop & Augusta Pump Station, Savannah 1 t - 130511002 - "" Jan Dec 59 115 97 -.- 46 ... 41 ! 0 59 85 76 I I 41 3- 8- ! 0 60 -73 60 28 26 0 " " 58 83 78 38 35 0 59 88 64 33 30 0 - Air Qualitv Control Reaion 59 Southwest Georaia Intrastate - -- - --- DNR ~ebionaOl ffice, Albany 130950004 Jan - Dec 61 68 67 36 32 0 Turner Elem. School. Albanv 130950007 1 Jan - Dec 1 5 1 69 55 34 31 n Standard TOTAL SUSPENDED PARTICULATES Annual Mean Site Number FIVE YEAR COMPILATION OF TOTAL SUSPENDED PARTICULATE GEOMETRIC MEANS uglM3 002 Columbus-Phenix City AQCR Muscogee Health Department - Columbus Fire Station #4 049 Jacsonville-Brunswick AQCR Brunswick-Health Department Arco Pump Station, Brunswick 053 Augusta-Aiken AQCR Augusta-Sandbar Ferry School Wrens-City Hall Augusta-Bungalow Road School Augusta-Clara Jenkins School Augusta-Waste Water Treatment Plant Augusta-Medical College 054 Central Georgia AQCR Macon-Allied Chemical Macon-Fire Station #1I Milledgeville-Baldwin Airport Macon-City Bus Barn Sandersville Health Department 055 Chattanooga-Rossville AQCR Cartersville-Fire Station #2 Ringgold-Health Center Rossville-Health Center McCaysville-Elementary School Rome-Coosa High School Rome-Floyd Co. Health Department 056 Atlanta Metropolitan AQCR Smyrna-Health Center Clarkston-Dekalb Tech. Forest Park-DOT Carrollton-Geography Building Fulton County Health Center E. Rivers School East Point Health Center Utoy Creek 057 Northeast Georgia AQCR Athens Social Circle 34 30 31 3 1 29 29 28 28 26 28 36 3 1 33 28 26 38 36 38 36 33 39 33 35 34 30 33 29 27 27 29 36 32 32 31 29 40 38 39 35 36 36 38 38 33 30 37 34 32 34 33 46 43 44 41 45 32 28 27 22 22 24 20 36 33 35 35 34 32 33 3 1 3 1 34 33 38 32 29 25 28 40 36 30 31 34 26 26 22 17 17 32 32 32 30 31 33 32 31 29 29 32 29 25 3 1 29 24 23 25 20 20 058 Savannah-Beaufort AQCR Savannah-Fire Station #2 Savannah Lathrop & Augusta Garden City-Mercer Jr. High Port Wentworth-Strong Elem. Savannah-Shuman School Savannah-Market Street Savannah-Savannah Tech. 059 Southwest Georgia AQCR Moultrie-Health Department Cordele-City Hall Albany-DNR Regional Office Albany Sylvester School Albany-Turner Elem. School Standard 50 45 - 0 5 40 m 35 - 30 1991 TSP GEOMETRIC MEAN Annual Trends -- 1992 1993 Year 1994 1995 PM-10 1995 MONITORING NETWORK PM-10 was monitored in 9 counties in 1995. There were no excessions of the standard. A five year analysis of annual arithmetic means revealed a slight downward trend in concentrations. Period: Year of 1995 METHOD: 63,78 UNITS: Micrograms per Cubic Meter PARTICULATE MATTER PM-10 TOTAL -0 10 Micron 1 Columubs - Air Qualitv Control Region 54 Central ( I Summerville I PARTICULATE MATTER PM-10 TOTAL - Air Qualitv Control Reaion 57 Northeast Georaia Intrastate - - Air Quality Control Region 58 Savannah Beaufort Interstate I% -Standard . -. - 50 Standard 1 1995 PM-10 24 HOUR MAX Site 1995 PM-10 ANNUAL ARITHMETIC MEAN Site SULFUR DIOXIDE 1995 MONITORING NETWORK Sulfur Dioxide was monitored in 8 counties in 1995. There were no excessions of the standard. A five year anlysis of SO, maximum concentrations shows a slight downward trend in SO, concentrations. PERIOD: YEAR OF 1995 METHOD: 20 UNITS: PARTS PER MILLION Airport No Sampling Scheduled Sampling Scheduled SULFUR DIOXIDE I 1 I 1 I Brunswick ._.. L..-J . I..... I 1 -1 1 " 1 " I ~e;. Center, Augusta : Sampling Scheduled i 1 I i SULFUR DIOXIDE - Air Quality Control Renion 54 Central Georgia Intrastate Compound, Sampling I I / Macon Baldwin Co. Scheduled 130090001 Jan - Dec 8517 0.123 0.108 0.071 0.062 0.014 1 0.013 1 .0.002 010 0 1 Airport, Milledaeville i I 1 - - Air Qualitv Control Reaion 55 Chattanooaa Rossville Interstate I IWY I IJ, I IJUlPUUUL J d l l - UeC. OLY3 U.LUP U. I I U U.UOY U.UO3 U.U I0 U.U I 0 U.UUJ U U u Stilesboro McCaysville 131110091 Jan - Dec 8506 0.187 0.142 0.064 0.060 0.021 0.016 0.003 0 0 0 Elementary School Coosa School, , Rome 131 150003 Jan - Dec 8366 0.1 17 0.107 0.080 0.048 -- 0.002 0 0 0 1 SULFUR DIOXIDE 1"Ave. I ,, 1 . 1 I 1 " " 1." i I 1 1 SULFUR DIOXIDE 24 Hour Maximum Concentration Standard SULFUR DIOXIDE 3 HOUR Maximum Concentration Site Number Standard SULFUR DIOXIDE Annual Mean S i e Number OZONE 1995 MONITORING NETWORK In 1995 ozone was monitored in 12 counties. There were sixteen excessions of the standard. There are no apparent trends in ozone concentrations. The 13 county Atlanta metropolitan area has been declared non-attainment for ozone and categorized as "serious" by the Environmental Protection Agency. PERIOD: YEAR OF 1995 METHOD: 14 UNITS: PARTS PER MILLION OZONE Lab, Columbus Columbus 132150008 March - Nov 6372 0.114 08118:I1 0.113 07/11:11 0 0 Airport _, ," ,- _____.I_,_,,,__",, _.._._____._I.._.I_._.____._._.,________-- _._ _ _.I_-.-._.I - Union 132611001 No Monitoring High Scheduled School, Leslie I I School, Brunswick ______."I-_ 1 I - Air Qualitv Control Reaion 53 Auausta-Aiken lnterstate OZONE ~oad School, Augusta - Air Quality Control Reeion 55 Chattanooga-RossvilleInterstate - Air Qualitv Control Reaion 56 Atlanta Metronolitan Intrastate 1 Tucker. 130893001 Mar - Nov P " 3 I water Creek State Park, OZONE OZONE - - Air Qualitv Control Reaion 58 Savannah Beaufort Interstate President Savannah ATLANTA METRO AREA OZONE Days Above the Standard (0.12ppm) 1995 OZONE CONCENTRATIONS Range of First Four Max. Conc. Site Number CARBON MONOXIDE 1995 MONITORING NETWORK Carbon Monoxide was monitored in 2 metropolitan Atlanta counties in 1995. There were no excessions of the standard. A five year analysis of CO data revealed no apparent trends. CARBON MONOXIDE PERIOD: YEAR OF 1995 METHOD: 11 UNITS: PARTS PER MILLION - Air Qualitv Control Reaion 56 Atlanta Metro~olitanIntrastate Tech, Clarkston Roswell 131210099 Jan - Dec 8666 28.9 Road, Atlanta a - 16.3 7.1 - To be counted as an excession, an 8-hour average must be greater than or equal to 9.5 ppm. 5.2 0 ................ .....................". 0 ""...."........" Standard 35 1995 CARBON MONOXIDE 1 Hour Max Standard Site Number 1995 CARBON MONOXIDE 8 Hour Max 131210099 130891002 Site Number NITROGEN DIOXIDE 1995 MONITORING NETWORK Nitrogen Dioxide was monitored in 3 metropolitan Atlanta counties in 1994. There were no excessions of the standard. A five year analysis of maximum hourly data revealed no apparent trends. PERIOD: YEAR OF 1995 METHOD: 14 UNITS: PARTS PER MILLION NITROGEN DIOXIDE College, Decatur ldlewild Road, Tucker "--" Ga. Tech., Atlanta Monastery, Convers 130893001 ..." 131210048 132470001 Apr - Dec Jan - Dec Jan - Dec 6151 8437 8352 " s 0.065 ""................ " 0.093 " b " I 0.046 0.041 0.006 No STANDARD 0.050 1995 NITROGEN DIOXIDE Annual Arithmetic Mean 130893001 Site Number 131210048 LEAD 1995 MONITORING NETWORK Lead was monitored in 11 counties in 1994. There were no excessions of the standard. A twenty year analysis of maximum quarterly concentrations revealed a significant reduction in lead concentrations. This reduction was due mainly to the elimination of lead in gasoline. The emphasis in lead monitoring has shifted from mobile to stationary sources and a reconfiguration of the network will be forthcoming. This shift is evident in the 1994 Maximum Quarterly Composite graph where higher concentrations are seen in Columbus. Three sites are located in the vicinity of a secondary lead smelter. PERIOD: YEAR OF 1995 METHOD: 92 UNITS: MICROGRAMS PER CUBIC METER LEAD Dept S.E. Site 132150009 Jan - Dec 12 0.82 0.70 0.63 0.27 0 Columbus - . -- -p.- N.W. Site, 132150010 Jan - Dec 12 1.15 1.13 0.78 0.64 0 Columbus Cussetta 132150011 Jan - Dec . - 12 0.15 0.13 0 Road Elem. ' Glynn Co. 131270001 Jan - Dec 12 0.03 Health Dept, Brunswick U.UL U.U I LEAD I Augusta I LEAD Floyd Co. .-......... 131150004 Health Dept. Health 132950002 Center, Rossville _ - 7 - " "" Jan - Dec Jan - Dec 12 0.03 12 0.05 ....,---.--.----..---.-~-....,.--.lll 0.02 0.03 ...._- 0.02 0.03 " 0.01 1 u 0.02 0 - Carrollton DMRC, 130890003 Jan - Dec 12 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.02 0 Decatur Fulton Co. 131210001 Jan - Dec 12 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.03 0 Health Dept 71 , 1 Atlanta 131210049 - I Athens I L#2, Savannah LEAD 1 I - L i -- 1 J 1 1995 LEAD Maximum Quarterly Composite ,50 Standard I 1 Site Number - LEAD TRENDS 1974 1995 Maximum Quarterly Concentration NITRIC OXIDE 1995 MONITORING NETWORK Nitric Oxide was monitored in 2 counties in 1994. This compound is a non-criteria pollutant and there are no national or state standards. To date, there is insufficient data to perform a trend analysis. NITRIC OXIDE PERIOD: YEAR OF 1995 METHOD: 74 UNITS: PARTS PER MILLION Air Qualitv Control Reaion 56 -Atlanta Metro~olitanIntrastate j College, 1 Decatur I 1 ldlewild 1 Road, 1 Tucker 130893001 i j Monastery, 1 132470001 1 ~onvers Apr - Dec 6149 1 i Jan - Dec I 8346 0.201 0.179 0.179 1 0.009 0.130 0.007 OXIDES OF NITROGEN 1995 MONITORING NETWORK NO, was monitored in 2 counties in 1995. This compound is a non-criteria polluant and there are no national or state standards. To date, there is insufficient data to perform a trend analysis. OXIDES OF NITROGEN PERIOD: YEAR OF 1995 METHOD: 74 UNITS: PARTS PER MILLION Air Qualitv Control Renion 56 - Atlanta Metro~olitanIntrastate 1 College. Decatur ldlewild / 130893001 Road, I ! Tucker 1 Monastery, 132470001 Convers t Apr - Dec Jan - Dec ACID PRECIPITATION 1995 MONITORING NETWORK Acid precipitation was monitored in 6 counties in 1995. The Air Protection Branch operated 3 of these sites and the remainder were operated by the Georgia Forestry Commission and the University of Georgia. There are no national or state standards for acid precipitation. A 5 year analysis of the data reveals no obvious trends. AClD PRECIPITATION WEIGHTED AVERAGE - Reported as pH 1991 1995 1 Dawsonville i McDuffie Co. ! Waycross 1 1 Athens ( Eatonton 4.56 4.70 4.92 4.85 1 4.73 4.78 4.56 4.53 I 4.56 4.58 4.61 4.62 1 4.71 4.71 4.86 1 4.95 1 No Data Site 1 Site 1 1 Terminated I Terminated 4.49 4.50 4.67 4.69 ' 4.63 1 4.64 .- 7,00 Neutral pH 2 6.90 9 6.80 6.10 6.00 5.90 5.80 5.70 5.60 pH of Natural Rainfall 5.50 5.40 - AClD PRECIPITATION Five Year Trend I -Surnme~ille -Dawsonville -McDuffie Co. -Waycross *Athens '5.6 is generallyconsidwed to be the pH of natura rainfallunaffected by anthropogenic influences year TYPES OF SAMPLING METHODS TOTAL SUSPENDED PARTICULATES (Manual) Samples are collected on 8" x 10" pre-weighed fiberglass filters with a high-volume sampler for 24 hours. Gravimetric gross particulate analysis is performed on all samples after collection. (method number 91) LEAD (Manual) Samples are collected on 8" x 10" pre-weighed fiberglass filters with a high-volume sampler for 24 hours. Atomic absorption analysis is then performed on the samples.(method number 92) SULFUR DIOXIDE (Continuous) Continuous analysis for sulfur dioxide is accomplished with the use of pulsed fluorescence (U.V. Light) method. (method number 20) NITROGEN DIOXIDE (Continuous) Continuous analysis for nitrogen dioxide is accomplished with the use of ozone phase chemiluminescent method. (method number 074) CARBON MONOXIDE (Continuous) Continuous analysis for carbon monoxide is accomplished with the use of non-dispersive infrared analysis and gas filter correlation methods. (method number 11) OZONE (Continuous) Continuous analysis for ozone is accomplished with the use of U.V. photometric method. (method number 14) PARTICULATE MATTER 10 MICRON (PM-10) Samples are collected on microquartz fiber filters with a PM-10 sampler for 24 hours. Gravimetric analysis is performed on all samples after collection. (method number 63 & 98) NITRIC OXIDE Continuous analysis for nitric oxide is accomplished with the use of ozone phase chemiluminescent method. (method number 074) OXIDES OF NITROGEN Continuous analysis for oxides of nitrogen is accomplished with the use of ozone phase chemiluminescent method. (method number 074) ACID PRECIPITATION Samples are collected weekly and analyzed gravimetrically and also for acidity and conductivity. Further analyses are performed for selected compounds. VOC ANALYSIS During June, July, and August samples are analyzed hourly using a gas chromatography unit ussin a Flame Ionization Detector (FID). Throughout the year a 24 hour integrated sample is taken and analyzed in a State Laboratory. CARBONYL During July and August samples are taken for three hours and analyzed at a State Laboratory. Throughout the year a 24 hour integrated sample is taken and analyzed in a State Laboratory Appendix " B " ABBREVIATIONS AM AQCR ARlTH MEAN CO EPA GEO MEAN Pb NO Nox NO2 NUM OBS 03 PM-10 PPM QTR so2 TSP W/M3 uv Annual mean Air Quality Control Region Arithmetic mean Carbon monoxide Environmental Protection Agency Geometric Mean Lead Nitric Oxide Oxides of nitrogen Nitrogen Dioxide Number of observations Ozone Particles with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 microns or less Parts Per Million Calendar quarter Sulfur dioxide Total Suspended particulate Micrograms per Cubic Meter Ultraviolet