THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA am MANUAL of the GENERAL ASSEMBLY of The State of Georgia 19571958 Compiled by BEN W FORTSON JR Secretary of State STATE OFFICERS EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT State Capitol Room 203 Marvin Griffin Governor Ben T Wiggins Executive Secretary Mrs Margaret M Hames Personal Secretary Miss Melba Griffin Receptionist LIEUTENANTGOVERNOR State Capitol Room 329 S Ernest Vandiver LieutenantGovernor Mrs Christine D Johnson Secretary SECRETARY OF STATE State Capitol Room 214 Ben W Fortson Jr Secretary of State Joe N Burton Assistant to the Secretary of State Cecil L Clifton Joint Secretary State Examining Boards COMPTROLLERGENERAL State Capitol Room 238 Zack D Cravey ComptrollerGeneral Hubert McDonald Assistant ComptrollerGeneral F E Robinson State Fire Marshal Ralph R Cadle Deputy Industrial Loan Commissioner LAW DEPARTMENT Judicial Building Room 132 Eugene Cook Attorney General Assistant Attorneys General Henry Grady Almand Jr J Julian Bennett Charles H Bruce G Hughel Harrison A J Hartley Ben F Johnson Jr Douglas King E Freeman Leverett Paul Miller Lamar L Murdaugh William L Norton J J R Parham Hamilton B Stephens Ezekiel J Summerour John L York Deputy Assistant Attorneys General Max Cheney George Dillard Robert Hall Bill Drafting Unit Frank H Edwards Deputy Director TREASURY DEPARTMENT State Capitol Room 245 George B Hamilton State Treasurer Horace Hixon Assistant State Treasurer EDUCATION State Department of Old State Office Bldg Room 233 Dr M D Collins State Superintendent of Schools Dr Claude Purcell Assistant State Superintendent of Schools AGRICULTURE State Department of Agriculture Bldg Room 204 Phil Campbell Commissioner LABOR State Department of Labor Bldg Room 288 Ben T Huiet Commissioner W A Clyde Assistant Commissioner Marion Williamson Director Employment Security Agency PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION New State Office Bldg Room 162 Matt L McWhorter Chairman Allen Chappell ViceChairman Walter McDonald Commissioner James Perry Commissioner Crawford L Pilcher Commissioner A O Randall Executive Secretary ARCHIVES ANDHISTORY Department of 1516 Peachtr S N f W Mrs Mhry Givens Bryan Director AUDITING DEPARTMENT State Capitol Room 115 B E Thrasher Jr State Auditor and Assistant Budget Director BANKING DEPARTMENT State State Capitol Room 122 A P Persons Superintendent of Banks W M Jackson Assistant Superintendent of Banks BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS State Capitol Room 249 William S Yeates Building Engineer CHEMIST State Agriculture Bldg Room 612 Harry S Johnson Jr State Chemist COMMERCE State Department of State Capitol Room 100 Scott Candler Secretary Nelson Shipp Assistant Secretary CONFEDERATE PENSION AND RECORD DEPARTMENT State Capitol Room 404 Miss Lillian Henderson Director CORRECTIONS Department of State Capitol Room 415 Jack Forrester Director J B Hatchett Assistant Director Robert J Carter Chief Clerk M H Doyle Comptroller ENTOMOLOGY Department of Agriculture Bldg Room 304 William E Blasingame Director C M Scott Jr Assistant Director FORESTRY COMMISSION Georgia Central office P 0 Box 1183 Macon Atlanta office Agriculture Building Room 218 H Guyton DeLoach Director and Executive Secretary L A Hargreaves Jr Assistant Director i V J C Turner Jr Chief of Fire Control W H McComb Chief of Forest Management George Bishop Chief of Forest Administration Frank Craven Chief of Information and Education Lester L Lundy Chief of General Services Sanford P Darby Chief of Reforestation Henry Cannon Chief of Communications GAME AND FISH State Department of State Capitol Room 412 Fulton Lovell Director HEALTH Department of Public Old State Office Bldg Room 242 Dr T F Sellers Sr Director HIGHWAY BOARD State 2 Capitol Square Roger H Lawson Chairman Roy F Chalker Member John E Quillian Member Benton Odom Treasurer LIBRARY State Judicial Bldg Room 301 Miss Vera Jameson Associate State Librarian John D M Folger Assistant State Librarian MILITARY DEPARTMENT 959 E Confederate Ave S E Atlanta MGen George J Hearn Adjutant General BGen Charlie F Camp Assistant Adjutant General Army BGen Homer Flynn Assistant Adjutant General Air William B Paul Jr Assistant State Judge Advocate MINES MINING AND GEOLOGY Department of Agriculture Bldg 4th Floor Garland Peyton Director Dr A S Furcron Chief Geologist Dr Vernon Hurst Geologist Dr L H Turner Chief Chemist MILK CONTROL BOARD State 116 Mitchell Street SW 3rd Floor Charles G Duncan ChairmanDirector VI MUSEUM of Science and Industry Georgia State State Capitol 4th Floor Miss Annette McLean Director PARDON AND PAROLE BOARD State State Capitol Room 421 Hugh Carney Chairman William H Kimbrough Mrs Rebecca L Garrett PARKS Department of State State Capitol Room 418 John Wright Brinson Jr Director John M Mann Assistant Director and Chief Engineer Mrs Marjorie E Murphey Executive SecretaryTreasurer PERSONNEL BOARD State New State Office Bldg Room 572 Stanley Brooks J R Dunn Dr Hugh Goodwin Edwin L Swain Director State Merit System of Personnel Administration PHARMACY State Board of Agriculture Bldg Room 212 P D Horkan Chief Drug Inspector PROBATION State Board of State Capitol Room 436 Hugh C Carney Chairman Rebecca L Garrett William H Kimbrough Henry B Mays Jr Chief Probation Supervisor PURCHASING DEPARTMENT State Capitol Room 142 C Lawton Shaw Supervisor of Purchases W C Massee Assistant Supervisor of Purchases S F Skrine Purchasing Agent Roy L Butterworth Purchasing Agent Andrew Fite Purchasing Agent VII REGENTS Board ofOFFICERS New State Office Bldg Room 468 Robert O Arnold Chairman John J McDonough Vice Chairman Harmon W Caldwell Chancellor M Gordon Brown Assistant Chancellor John E Sims Assistant to the Chancelloron leave J H Dewberry Dir Plant Bus Operations L R Siebert Executive Secretary James A Blissit Treasurer REVENUE State Department of Old State Office Building Room 517 T V Williams Commissioner W Vaughn Rice Deputy Commissioner Joseph W Ray Director Sales Tax Unit SAFETY Department of Public 959 E Confederate Ave SE P 0 Box 1456 Col W C Dominy Director Bureau of Investigation Maj Delmar Jones Director Lt B G Ragsdale Assistant Director in charge of Identification State Patrol Maj C C Underwood Commanding Officer VETERANS SERVICE State Department of State Capitol Room 125 Peter Wheeler Director Fred Phillips Supervisor OntheJob Training and Supply Officer Earl E Griffin Jr Supervisor Institutional Training and Personnel Officer John W Heist Supervisor Claims Division Elmer Barfield Supervisor OntheFarm Training WELFARE State Department of Public Old State Office Bldg Room 434 Alan Kemper Director Phil Cawthon Assistant Director VIII WORKMENS COMPENSATION BOARD Labor Bldg Room 494 Richard W Best Chairman W E Buckner Director Arlie D Tucker Director Tom C Penland SecretaryTreasurer UNITED STATES SENATORS Richard B Russell Winder Georgia Herman Eugene Talmadge Lovejoy Georgia UNITED STATES CONGRESSMEN District 1 Prince H Preston Statesboro 2 J L Pilcher Meigs 3 E L Tic Forrester Leesburg 4 John J Flynt Jr Griffin 5 James C Davis Decatur 6 Carl Vinson Milledgeville 7 Henderson Lanham Rome 8 Iris Faircloth Blitch Homerville 9 Phil M Landrum Jasper 10 Paul Brown Elberton SUPREME COURT OF GEORGIA 5th Floor Judicial Bldg Justices W H Duckworth Chief Justice Lee B Wyatt Presiding Justice Law Assistants Robert H Brinson Jr T E Duncan Associate Justices J H Hawkins Bond Almand T Grady Head T S Candler Carlton Mobley Katharine C Bleckley Clerk Henry H Cobb Deputy Clerk Arthur H Codington Reporter George H Richter Assistant Reporter A Broaddus Estes Sheriff L Harold Glore Harry P Hall Jr Maud Saunders Effie A Mahan J Griffin Patrick Jr X COURT OF APPEALS OF GEORGIA 4th Floor Judicial Bldg Law Judges Jule W Felton Chief Assistants Judge B C Gardner Presiding M Roscoe Lowery Judge Mrs Gladys T Medlock Judges J M C Townsend Ira Carlisle Joseph Quillian Mrs Alfredda Wilkerson John E Hogg Kelley Quillian H E Nichols Ben Estes William G England Clerk Morgan Thomas Deputy Clerk Arthur H Codington Reporter George H Richter Assistant Reporter J I Guice Sheriff XI ALAPAHA JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Folks Huxford Judge Homerville Ben T Willoughby SolicitorGeneralHomerville ALBANY JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Carl E Crow Judge1 Camilla Maston E ONeal SolicitorGeneralBainbridge ATLANTA JUDICIAL CIRCUIT E E Andrews Judge mHJL Atlanta Luther Alverson JudgepAtlanta Virlyn B Moore JudgeEjg WvilSSEAtlanta Ralph Pharr JudgeIuAiL Atlanta Durwood T Pye JudgeMaSL 4 1 Atlanta Claude D Shaw Judge A F Atlanta J C Jep Tanksley Judge rtO 1 TAtlanta George P Whitman Sr JudgeAtlanta Jesse M Wood Judge Atlanta Paul Webb SolicitorGeneral I iAtlanta ATLANTIC JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Melville Price JudgegLudowici Bruce D Dubberly SolicitorGeneralGlennville AUGUSTA JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Grover C Anderson JudgeWaynesboro F Frederick Kennedy JudgeWaynesboro George Hains SolicitorGeneralAugusta BLUE RIDGE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Howell Brooke JudgeJjjCanton Sam P Burtz SolicitorGeneralLLCanton BRUNSWICK JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Douglas F Thomas Judge TJesup W Glenn Thomas SolicitorGeneral Jesup CHATTAHOOCHEE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Hubert Calhoun Judge lColumbus J R Thompson Judge1Columbus John H Land SolicitorGeneralColumbus CHEROKEE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Erwin Mitchell JudgeDalton Ronald F Chance SolicitorGeneralCalhoun CLAYTON JUDICIAL CIRCUIT William H Reynolds Judge Jonesboro Lee Hutcheson SolicitorGeneral Jonesboro COBB JUDICIAL CIRCUIT James T Manning JudgeMarietta Luther C Hames Jr SolicitorGeneraliMarietta CORDELE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT 0 Wendell Horne Jr Judge JsCordele Harvey L Jay SolicitorGeneral Fitzgerald COWETA JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Samuel J Boykin JudgeCarrollton Wright Lipford SolicitorGeneralNewnan DUBLIN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Rufus I Stephens JudgeDublin Harold E Ward SolicitorGeneral Dublin EASTERN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Dunbar Harrison JudgeISavannah XIII B B Heery Judge r X Edwin A McWhorter Judge Andrew J Ryan Jr SolicitorGeneral Savannah Savannah Savannah FLINT JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Thomas J Brown Jr Judgei r McDonough Hugh Dorsey Sosebee SolicitorGeneral Forsyth GRIFFIN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT John H McGehee Judgea Thomaston Andrew J Whalen Jr SolicitorGeneralGriffin LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT John W Davis Judgeix1 Summerville Earl B Bill Self SolicitorGeneralSummerville MACON JUDICIAL CIRCUIT A M Anderson Judge ir j Perry Oscar L Long JudgegMacon William M West SolicitorGeneral m Maenn MIDDLE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Robert H Humphrey JudgeSwainsboro W H Lanier SolicitorGeneral v J MOUNTAIN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT John E Frankum JudgeJ 1Clarkesville Irwin R Kimzey SolicitorGeneralo no Clarkpsyillp NORTHEASTERN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT G Fred Kelley JudgeGainesville Jeff Wayne SolidtorGeneralGainesville XIV NORTHERN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Clark Edwards Jr JudgeiElberton Carey Skelton SolicitorGeneralLiHartwell OCMULGEE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT George S Carpenter JudgeMilledgeville George D Lawrence SolicitorGeneralJiiiEatonton OCONEE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT John Whaley JiglISJiALJKyXl k ABDOIa J ATMcRae J Wade Johnson SolicitorGeneralMount Vernon OGEECHEE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT J L Renfroe JudgJjilliStatesboro Walton Usher SolicitorGeneralGuyton PATAULA JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Walter I Geer JudgeLIllv Colquitt R A Patterson SolicitorGeneralLCuthbert PIEDMONT JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Maylon Clinkscales JudgeCommerce Alfred A Quillian SolicitorGeneral A1 L Winder ROME JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Mack G Hicks JudgeRome Chastine Parker SolicitorGeneralRome SOUTHERN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT George R Lilly JudgeQuitman J B Edwards SolicitorGeneralThomasville XV SOUTHWESTERN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Cleveland Rees Judge Charles Burgamy SolicitorGeneralfj4fwAiAmericiis STONE MOUNTAIN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Frank H Guess JudgeLDecatur H O Hubert Jr Judge Decatur Clarence R Vaughn JudgeMrLConyers Richard Bell SolicitorGeneral Decatur TALLAPOOSA JUDICIAL CIRCUIT W A Foster Jr JudgehUjlL Robert J Noland SolicitorGeneralDouglasville TIFTON JUDICIAL CIRCUIT J Bowie Gray JudgeiIETifton W J Forehand SolicitorGeneralSylvester TOOMBS JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Earle Norman Judgeashington J Cecil Davis SolicitorGeneralWarrenton WAYCROSS JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Cecil Roddenberry Judge Nahunta Dewey Hayes SolicitorGeneral Douglas WESTERN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Carlisle Cobb Judge Athens D Marshall Pollock SolicitorGeneral Monroe XVI BOARDS AND COMMISSIONS AERONAUTIC ADVISORY BOARD James V Carmichael John M King Carter Peterson Wallace B Sheffield Phil Spooner ALCOHOLISM Georgia Commission on Charles B Methvin Chairman Mrs Myra Bonner ViceChairman Elder W C Chandler Charlie Collins Judge J Henry Howard Elder K R Pinkstaff Dr T F Sellers Paul H Fraser Ex Director and Secretary ART COMMISSION for the State of Georgia Edward Allen Moulthrop Chairman Miss Thelma D Brownett Secretary D Collier Houston Alexander R Lawton Lamar Dodd ATLANTIC STATES MARINE FISHERIES COMMISSION Fulton Lovell exofficio as Director Department of Game and Fish John P Drinkard Legislative Member J Roy Duggan BRIDGE BUILDING AUTHORITY State Roger H Lawson Chairman exofficio as Chairman of the State Highway Board John J McLanahan ViceChairman Frank Binford XVII CAPITOL SQUARE IMPROVEMENT COMMITTEE M D Collins Eugene Cook Ben T Huiet Alan Kemper Dr T F Sellers B E Thrasher Jr T V Williams CIVIL DEFENSE ADVISORY COUNCIL Marvin Griffin Chairman James L Gillis B W Hughes Eugene Yawn Alan Kemper Dr Preston Sumner Eugene Cook John Brock Tom Linder Ben T Wiggins Warren DeBeaugrine Dr M D Collins Tom Daniel Jr Guyton DeLoach Miss Dana Hudson W W Jefferson Edward E McGarity Dr T F Sellers J H Thompson George Wilson exofficio as Governor 1st Congressional District 2nd Congressional District 3rd Congressional District 4th Congressional District 5th Congressional District 6th Congressioanl District 7th Congressional District 8th Congressional District 9th Congressional District 10th Congressional District CLAIMS ADVISORY BOARD State Roger H Lawson exofficio as Chairman State Highway Board Ben W Fortson Jr exofficio as Secretary of State Dr T F Sellers exofficio as Director Department of Public Health XVIII COMMERCE State Board of Emory L Butler Chairman T C Branson Ben Jessup Trammell McIntyre Hoke Peters CORRECTIONS State Board of C 0 Nixon Chairman W D Goff Walter B Morrison Lynn J Norris R W Rollins EDUCATION State Board of H W Blount William T Bodenhamer Clarke W Duncan James S Peters George P Whitman Jr Francis Shurling Henry A Stewart Sr Lonnie E Sweat Mrs Bruce Schaefer Mrs Julius Y Talmadge 1st Congressional District 2nd Congressional District 3rd Congressional District 4th Congressional District 5th Congressional District 6th Congressional District 7th Congressional District 8th Congressional District 9th Congressional District 10th Congressional District Commission on EDUCATION Georgia George Smith Frank Twitty Mrs Charles Crisp Harvey Cutts Miss Ira Jarrell Mark Smith Battle Hall Robert Sapp John Wood Roy Harris 1st Congressional District 2nd Congressional District 3rd Congressional District 4th Congressional District 5th Congressional District 6th Congressional District 7th Congressional District 8th Congressional District 9th Congressional District 10th Congressional District XIX John Sammons Bell Representative Georgia Bar Association Exofficio members Governor Chairman Lieutenant Governor Attorney General State Superintendent of Schools State Auditor Speaker of the House Chancellor University of Georgia Chairman Board of Regents Chairman State Board of Education Chairman Judicial Council of Georgia EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM Board of Trustees Dr T F Abercrombie George B Culpepper Jr Ben T Huiet James D Robinson Jr Exofficio members State Insurance Commissioner State Auditor Director State Merit System EMPLOYMENT SECURITY AGENCY Board of Review Frank A Constangy John Lytjen W 0 Purser ENGINEERING ADVISORY BOARD Lawrence W Robert Jr Chairman Roy J Boston Josiah N Eley Garland Peyton Alan G Stanford EUGENICS State Board of Alan Kemper exofficio as Director State Board of Social Security Dr T F Sellers exofficio as Director State Board of Health Dr Thomas G Peacock exofficio as Superintendent Milledgeville State Hospital FACTORY FOR THE BLIND Advisory Board to Board of Managers of Charlie Baggarly J D Cowart Jr Norman Elsas Ralph Primm Roy Sewell Vaughn Terrell Dr P Lee Williams Exofficio members State Treasurer State Superintendent of Schools Director State Board of Social Security State Supervisor of Purchases Director Division of Vocational Rehabilitation FARMERS MARKET AUTHORITY Georgia Marvin Griffin exofficio as Governor S Ernest Vandiver exofficio as Lieutenant Governor Phil Campbell exofficio as Commissioner of Agriculture Eugene Cook exofficio as Attorney General B E Thrasher Jr exofficio as State Auditor FOREST RESEARCH COUNCIL Georgia Wallace Adams Chairman Kirk Sutlive Mose Gordon J J Armstrong T E Kennedy Henry G Garrard H Guyton DeLoach SecretaryTreasurer exofficio as Director State Forestry Commission FORESTRY COMMISSION State Henry 0 Cummings 0 S Garrison Charlie Jordan Jr John McElrath Sam H Morgan H Guyton DeLoach Director and Executive Secretary XXI GAME AND FISH COMMISSION State J T Trapnell Richard Tift Mayo Davis J D Pope James Oliver Bowen George East William B Austin Alva J Hopkins Jr Fred Jones Jr Luke Couch James A Goethe HEALTH State Board of Dr J M Byne Jr Dr Aldwin Geo Funderburke Dr Maurice F Arnold Dr Virgil B Williams Dr Harold P McDonald Dr A M Phillips Dr Fred H Simonton Dr Alex Little Jr Dr R L Rogers Chairman Dr D N Thompson Dr J B Butts Dr W W Webb Dr J G Williams Dr J M Hawley 1st Congressional District 2nd Congressional District 3rd Congressional District 4th Congressional District 5th Congressional District 6th Congressional District 7th Congressional District 8th Congressional District 9th Congressional District 10th Congressional District Coastal Counties 1st Congressional District 2nd Congressional District 3rd Congressional District 4th Congressional District 5th Congressional District 6th Congressional District 7th Congressional District 8th Congressional District 9th Congressional District 10th Congressional District State at Large State at Large State at Large State at Large HERTY FOUNDATION Charles H Wallace Adams Harley Langdale Jr John W Middleton Shelby Myrick Jr Frank C Underwood Jr HISTORICAL COMMISSION Georgia Joseph B Cumming Chairman Henry A Alexander Milton L Fleetwood A R Kelly Alexander A Lawrence C E Gregory Executive SecretaryDirector HOSPITAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE H Carson Smith Frank A Smith resigned Walter L Graefe J J McLanahan Dr H C Derrick Jr Georgia Hospital Association members George E Linney Arthur T Stewart Oscar Hilliard Georgia Nursing Association member Miss Dana Hudson Georgia Dental Association member Dr Thomas Connor Georgia Medical Association members Dr Rafe Banks Jr Dr Milford B Hatcher Dr W L Pomeroy Dr Julian Quattlebaum Dr Joseph C Read HOSPITAL AUTHORITY State Marvin Griffin exofficio as Governor Eugene Cook exofficio as Attorney General B E Thrasher Jr exofficio as State Auditor HOUSING AUTHORITY State Marvin Griffin exofficio as Governor Zack D Cravey exofficio as ComptrollerGeneral George B Hamilton exofficio as State Treasurer XXIII INDUSTRIAL LOAN ADVISORY BOARD Georgia Zack D Cravey Commissioner exofficio as ComptrollerGeneral H Lee Carter Chairman Eugene Kelly ViceChairman Grady Atkinson H Sol Clark J C Roberts JEKYLL ISLAND STATE PARK AUTHORITY W Fred Aldred Chairman Mike Benton ViceChairman H Gould Barrett Earl Edwards W T Giles John Calhoun Secretary and Attorney JUDICIAL COUNCIL OF GEORGIA Justice W H Duckworth exofficio as Chief Justice Supreme Court of Georgia Charles J Bloch Judge T S Candler Judge B C Gardner Judge A M Phil Anderson Ernest Carlisle Tom Marshall Mrs Gertrude Harris Baxter Jones B D Murphy Judge T Hicks Fort Roy Richards A S Skelton LITERATURE COMMISSION State W R Boswell Hubert L Dyar James P Wesberry XXIV LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY Harry L Brown Thomas G Callaway Jr Jack B Ray Tom Steele Exofficio members Commissioner of Agriculture Director of Agricultural Extension Service President Georgia Bankers Association LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY DISEASE CONTROL BOARD Commissioner of Agriculture exofficio Chairman President Georgia Livestock Association President Georgia Swine Breeders Association President Georgia Veterinary Medical Association President Georgia Poultry Federation President Georgia Milk Producers Association President Georgia Sheep Breeders Association President Georgia Farm Bureau Federation President Georgia Stockyard Operators Association Dean State College of Agriculture Director of State Experimental Stations Director Agriculture Extension Service State Supervisor of Vocational Agriculture Dean School of Veterinary Medicine MEDICAL EDUCATION BOARD State Dr C J Howard Dr John W Mauldin Dr J Hubert Milford Exofficio members President Georgia Medical Associaation Immediate Past President Georgia Medical Association MILK CONTROL BOARD Charles G Duncan Chairman Rudolph Clark Producer Member XXV Victor E Lane Consumer Member Alvin L Lyons Store Member Mrs Henry P Russell Sr ProducerDistributor Member George A Sancken Dealer Member T H Resseau Producer Member OFFICE BUILDING AUTHORITY State Marvin Griffin exofficio as Governor S Ernest Vandiver exofficio as Lieutenant Governor Eugene Cook exofficio as Attorney General B E Thrasher Jr exofficio as State Auditor W H Duckworth exofficio as Chief Justice Supreme Court of Georgia OIL AND GAS COMMISSION James D Pippin John Duncan Jr L B Harrell PARK AUTHORITY State Scott Candler Willis N Hardin Murray Milton Howard PORTS AUTHORITY State R E Frankenfield Chairman Wingate Dykes ViceChairman Robert M Holder McGregor Mayo W D Trippe D Leon Williams Atlanta Director J W Taxi Smith Albany SecretaryTreasurer PUBLIC SAFETY Department of W C Dominy Director Earl Hamrick Exofficio members Governor Comptroller General Attorney General Adjutant General Chairman of State Highway Department REFUGEE RELIEF PROGRAM Governors Committee on Julian V Boehm Sherman Drawdy Ben T Huiet James McNamara Jimmy Waters RURAL ROADS AUTHORITY Georgia Willis Harden Roger H Lawson L A Lee David S Price Walter Williams SCHOOL BUILDING AUTHORITY State Hatton Love joy Marvin E Moate E F Vickers Exofficio members State Superintendent of Schools Attorney General State Auditor Chairman State Board of Education SOCIAL SECURITY State Board of Alan Kemper Director Dr W K Smith Robert Chastain John Herman Thompson Norman Peacock James Mann Edgar M Lancaster Lloyd Carpenter J Nolan Wells 1st Congressional District 2nd Congressional District 3rd Congressional District 4th Congressional District 5th Congressional District 6th Congressional District 7th Congressional District 8th Congressional District XXVII Dr Marcus Mashburn 9th Congressional District A W Davis 10th Congressional District SOIL CONSERVATION COMMITTEE State Z P Almon J E Eubanks Jim L Gillis Jr W F Hall O W Price Exofficio members Commissioner of Agriculture Director State Agricultural Extension Service Director Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station Experiment Ga Director Georgia Coastal Plains Experiment Station Tif ton Ga State Conservationist of the Soil Conservation Service Dean State College of Agriculture Director Vocational Agriculture in Georgia SOUTHERN REGIONAL EDUCATION Board of Control for Dr O C Aderhold Dr Harmon W Caldwell Robert Chappelle Matthews STONE MOUNTAIN MEMORIAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE Erie Cocke Jr Dr A W Davis Belmont Dennis Dr Richard Marvin Eubanks James L Gillis Paul Ginsburg Mrs Gertrude Harris Mrs Ralph Hobbs Jesse Jewell Mrs Robert Harrison Jones Jr Frank H Neely Kelsey Newington Flannery Pope Mrs S Y Stribling Jr Elbert Tuttle XXVIII Horace Vandiver H L Wingate Mrs Y H Yarbrough TIDE WATER COMMISSION John Frank Browning Liberty County Member Roscoff Deal Bryan County Member Homer Edenfield Camden County Member E Way Highsmith Glynn County Member Paul Ploeger McIntosh County Member VACANCY Chatham County Member Exofficio members Director State Department of Game and Fish Chairman Senate Committee on Agriculture and Natural Resources Chairman House Committee on Natural Resources TOLL BRIDGE AUTHORITY Kenneth Dunwody Chairman Robert B Lee DeNean Stafford UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA Board of Regents Everett Williams 1st John I Spooner 2nd Howard H Callaway 3rd Robert 0 Arnold Chairman 4th David Rice 5th Charles J Bloch 6th C L Moss 7th Francis Stubbs Sr 8th Morris M Bryan Jr 9th Roy V Harris 10th Mrs Ada Moore Healey John J McDonough ViceChairman Freeman Strickland Quimby Melton Jr Carey Williams Building Authority R H Driftmire Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District State at Large State at Large State at Large State at Large State at Large XXIX J H Dewberry Exofficio members Attorney General State Auditor Chairman Board of Regents VETERANS SERVICE State Board of Harrison Bray Blake Craft Allen Lumpkin Henson Chairman Henry A Moses Morris Perlman Joe T Wood James R Wynn Jr WATER LAW REVISION COMMISSION Georgia Frank Etheridge Property Development member Thad McDaniel Industry member B F Merritt Jr Municipal Government member George F Powers Forestry member Ralph Primm Wild Life Conservation member Dan Sinclair HydroEngineers member Floyd Tabor Farmers member Malcolm L Taylor Paper and Pulp member Paul Weir Water Law Enforcement member John P Baum Industry member L C McGarity WATERWAYS COMMISSION Georgia James W Woodruff Sr Chairman Clarence Campbell Savannah River Basin member Valene Bennett Altamaha River Basin member N A Hardin Etowah River Basin member Leon H Baughman Chattahoochee River Basin member WORKMENS COMPENSATION MEDICAL BOARD Dr F Kells Boland Jr Toxicologist member Dr Hugh Hailey Dermatologist member Dr Marcus Mashburn Sr Internal Medicine Specialist member Dr J C Norris Pathologist member Dr Albert A Rayle Roentgenologist member XXX PROFESSIONAL EXAMINING BOARDS Cecil L Clifton Joint Secretary 224 State Capitol Atlanta Georgia ACCOUNTANCY Georgia Board of Mack H Barnes Charlie Williams Victor Markwalter Jack Short W W Stribling ARCHITECTS State Board for Examination Qualification and Registration of Doyle L Harvey Zone 1 member Cletus W Bergen Zone 2 member William D Eve Zone 3 member A Thomas Bradbury Zone U member D Collier Houston Zone 5 State at Large member BARBER and HAIRDRESSER EXAMINERS State Board of Homer Davis Luther Dillashaw J H Parham Luther P Smith Mrs Emory Stone Mrs Frances B Wright CHIROPODY EXAMINERS State Board of Dr Charles W Beasley Jr Dr Louis J Ferrier Dr H D Wilson CHIROPRACTIC EXAMINERS Georgia Board of Dr R T Leiter Dr George C Paulk Dr J I Rose Dr Mattie C Stephens Dr Alvin C Tisdale George I Martin State Educational Officer DENTAL EXAMINERS OF GEORGIA Board of Dr William Brown Dr Richard Lamar Gnann Dr J C Hill Dr C J May Dr M M Moreman Dr R W Tharpe Dr C A Yarbrough ENGINEERS and LAND SURVEYORS Georgia State Board of Registration for Professional G V Carr Mose E Cox Harold F Hunter v A G Stanford Paul Weber FORESTERS State Board for Registration of B E Allen Guyton DeLoach Robert D Dixon Charles F Evans Archie E Patterson FUNERAL SERVICE Georgia State Board of S Herbert Elliott Robert L Harrison Sam G Lang III Jimmie O Barnes Gardner Watson J Cowan Whitley XXXII LIBRARIANS State Board for the Certification of Miss Sarah Hightower Miss Mildred Looney Miss Virginia Satterfield Miss Georgia Thomas Miss Beverly Wheatcroft Secretary and exofficio member MEDICAL EXAMINERS OF GEORGIA State Board of Dr Grady N Coker Dr Fred Coleman Dr Albert M Deal Dr C G Giddings Dr R H McDonald Dr Q A Mulkey Dr J W Palmer Dr Alex Russell Dr Charles K Wall Dr L W Willis NURSES OF GEORGIA State Board of Examiners for Registered Sister Mary Bonaventure RSM Miss E Louise Grant Mrs Lora Cope Johnson Miss Edna Emmaline McKie Miss Nancy E Sale NURSES OF GEORGIA Board of Examiners of Practical Mrs Hattie Barnard Mrs W P Burke Mrs Elizabeth Colquitt Mrs Nora Manning Mrs J M Stewart Advisory Board Dr Grady Coker Miss Dana Hudson Mrs Lucille C Murphy XXXIII Mrs S C Patterson A A Rosser Mrs Nita Luke Stephens Arthur T Stewart Jr OPTICIANS State Board of Dispensing J K Clason H J Corley William L Crawley Galen B Kilburn R A Robinson OPTOMETRY Georgia State Board of Examiners in Dr R S Althisar Dr W R Gilbert Dr L N Huff Dr Harry Schreibman Dr J H Spratling Jr OSTEOPATHIC EXAMINERS Georgia State Board of Dr Frederick W Daniel Dr Harry E Huff Dr Walter Jones Dr Hoyt B Trimble Dr Hassie H Trimble Jr PHARMACY Georgia State Board of Homer J Avera B D Davis Jr T M McCleskey E W Oatts J B Woodcock PSYCHOLOGISTS State Board of Examiners of Dr Herman W Martin Dr Larry W Ross Dr Florene Young XXXIV REAL ESTATE COMMISSION J C Bible Jr DuQuince Davis L C Pitts STRUCTURAL PEST CONTROL COMMISSION W E Blasingame Dr H O Lund R A Moncrief Theodore Oser Richard Ray VETERINARY EXAMINERS Georgia State Board of Dr G Rayburn Bartlett Dr A B Davis Dr C W Leonard Dr C C Rife Dr T C Ross WARM AIR HEATING CONTRACTORS State Board of Examiners of Ed Copeland John G Mauldin W Lee Mingledorf Jr Hoyt Raymond Jr W H Williams grv S A iC 2 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL State Senate Numerically by Seat Number 1LBentley 39th 2 Peters 36th 3 Moss 43rd 4 1Brannen 14th 5 Hill 54th 6 Crawford 1st 7 Woodward 22nd 8 McGarity 35th 9 Trotter 37th 10 Drinkard 29th 11 Ellard 31st 12 Williams 49th 13 Hawes 30th 14 Oxford 11th 15 Brown 52nd 16 Pelham 7th 17 Howard 17th 18 Sanders 18th 19Mallory 25th 20Pound 20th 21 Langdale 6th 22 Mashburn 33rd 23 Foster 26th 24JGillis 16th 25 Coker 44th 26 Cook 42nd 27 Howell 9th 28 Williams 51st 29 Jackson 21st 30 McLaughlin 3rd 31 Paris 27th 32 Edge 40th 33 Newman 38th 34 Hughes 32nd 35 Wilson 23rd 36 Deen 46th 37 Edenfield 2nd 38 Roper 41st 39 Brown 19th 40 Cox 50th 41 Garrett 53rd 42 Henderson 5th 43 Wheeler 8th 44 Kelley 10 th 45 Sammon 34th 46 Butts 12th 47 Adams 15th 481Gould 4th 49 Stafford 47th 50 Wright 24th 51 Young 45 th 52 Gill 13th 53 Kelly 28th 54 Holder 48th LtGov S Ernest Vandiver President of Senate George D Stewart Sec of Senate LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 3 Seat Numbers of the Georgia State Senate 4 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL State Senate Alphabetically by Names Adams 15th 47 Bentley 39th 1 Brannen 14th 4 Brown 52nd 15 Brown 19th 39 Butts 12th 4fi Coker 44th 25 Cook 42nd 26 Cox 50th 40 Crawford 1st 6 Deen 46th 3fi Drinkard 29th 10 Edenfield 2nd 37 Edge 40th 32 Ellard 31st 11 Foster 26th 23 Garrett 53rd 41 Gill 13th 52 Gillis 16th 24 Gould 4th 48 Hawes 30th 13 Henderson 5th 42 Hill 54th 5 Holder 48th 54 Howard 17th 17 Howell 9th 27 Hughes 32nd 34 Jackson 21st 29 Kelley 10th 44 Kelly 28th l53 Langdale 6th 21 Mallory 25th19 Mashburn 33rd22 Moss 43rd 3 McGarity 35th8 McLaughlin 3rd30 Newman 38th33 Oxford 11th14 Paris 27th31 Pelham 7th 16 Peters 36thL 2 Pound 20th 20th Roper 41st 38 Sammon 34th45 Sanders 18th18 Stafford 47th49 Trotter 37th 9 Wheeler 8th43 Williams 51st28 Williams 49th 12 Wilson 23rd 35 Woodward 22nd 7 Wright 24th50 Young 45th 51 LtGov S Ernest Vandiver President of Senate George W Stewart Sec of Senate LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 5 OFFICERS OF THE STATE SENATE TERM 19571958 PRESIDENT S ERNEST VANDIVER ALieutenant Governor Franklin County DIXON OXFORDPresident Pro Tern Terrell County GEORGE D STEWARTSecretary Fulton County LAMONT SMITH Assistant Secretary Tattnall County ERIC HOLMES4Reading Clerk DeKalb County REBECCA CAUSEYJournal Clerk Douglas County ANN DUNCANCalendar Clerk Fulton County HENRY CASTLEMANLDoorkeeper Fulton County JOHN TAYLOR Messenger DeKalb County FRANK BLANKENSHIPMessage Clerk Fulton County 6 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL MEMBERS OF THE SENATE OF GEORGIA ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED ACCORDING TO NAMES WITH DISTRICTS AND POST OFFICES FOR THE TERM 19571958 Senators District Post Office Adams Wallace 1 5th Glenwood Bentley Fred D Sr 39th Marietta Brannen Clint B 14th Unadilla Brown Charlie 52nd Atlanta Brown Arthur D 19th Sharon Butts Leon E Jr 12th T umpkin Coker Robert E 44th T aFayette Cook Bobby Lee 42nd Summerville Cox Julian H 50th Athens Crawford Ralph L 1st Savannah Deen H Dorsey 46th Rt 4 Alma Drinkard Tobu P 29th Linrolnton Fdenfield M 2nd Darien Edge Dr H M 40th Blairsville Ellard Glenn W 31st Cornelia Foster E Alvin 2fith Forest Park Garrett Charles 53rd Rt 3 Nashville Gill Paul L 13th Ellaville Gillis HughSoperton Gould James D4thBrunswick Hawes Peyton S 30th Hlherton Henderson Waldo 5th Rt 2 Lakeland Hill Wilton54thReidsville Holder Dr Frank P JrJL48thEastman jxwuvj x wua w x Howard T Henry 17th Sylvania Howell Wm Mobley 9th Blakely LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 7 Senators District Post Office Hughes J Cliff32nd Jackson George L21st Kelley Asa D Jri10th Kelly Roy R 28th Langdale John W6th Mallory L A Jr25th Mashburn Dr Marcus33rd Moss C L43rd McGarity Edward E35th McLaughlin Dr J T3rd Newman Grover L38th Oxford Dixon11th Paris James W27th Pelham Glenn 7th Peters James S236th Pound Marvin G Sr20th Roper Dr C J41st Sammon Frank Quill JrL34th Sanders Carl E18th Stafford DeNean47 th Trotter William P37th Wheeler Raymond Er8th Williams Charlie LI151st Williams F Everett49th Wilson Wm J123rd Woodward Bailey22nd Wright N E24th Young Martin45th Rt 1 Dawsonville Gray Albany Monticello Valdosta Thomaston Cumming Calhoun McDonough Jesup Bremen Dawson Winder Cairo Manchester Sparta Jasper Lawrenceville Augusta Tifton LaGrange Donalsonville Warner Robins Statesboro Fort Valley Jenkinsburg Cusseta Rebecca 8 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL MEMBERS OF THE SENATE OF GEORGIA BY DISTRICTS IN NUMERICAL ORDER WITH COUNTIES AND POST OFFICES First DistrictCHATHAM Effingham RALPH L CRAWFORD Savannah Second DistrictMcINTOSH Liberty Bryan M EDENFIELD Darien Third DistrictWAYNE Long Brantley dr j t McLaughlinrJesup Fourth DistrictGLYNN Camden Charlton JAMES D GOULDBrunswick Fifth DistrictATKINSON Clinch Ware WALDO HENDERSONRt 2 Lakeland Sixth DistrictLOWNDES Lanier Echols JOHN W LANGDALE Valdosta Seventh DistrictGRADY Mitchell Thomas GLENN PELHAMICairo Eighth DistrictSEMINOLE Miller Decatur RAYMOND E WHEELER3Donalsonville Ninth DistrictEARLY Baker Calhoun WM MOBLEY HOWELL Blakely Tenth DistrictDOUGHERTY Worth Lee ASA D KELLEY JrAlbany Eleventh DistrictTERRELL Clay Randolph DIXON OXFORD Dawson Twelfth DistrictSTEWART Webster Quitman LEON E BUTTS JRLumpkin LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 9 Thirteenth DistrictSCHLEY Sumter Macon PAUL L GILLEllaville Fourteenth DistrictDOOLY Pulaski Bleckley CLINT B BRANNEN Unadilla Fifteenth DistrictWHEELER Toombs Montgomery WALLACE ADAMSGlenwood Sixteenth DistrictTREUTLEN Emanuel Laurens HUGH GILLISSoperton Seventeenth DistrictSCREVEN Burke Jenkins J HENRY HOWARDSylvania Eighteenth DistrictRICHMOND Glascock Jefferson CARL E SANDERSAugusta Nineteenth DistrictTALIAFERRO Greene Warren ARTHUR D BROWN Sharon Twentieth DistrictHANCOCK Washington Baldwin MARVIN G POUND SR Sparta TwentyFirst DistrictJONES Wilkinson Johnson GEORGE L JACKSON Gray TwentySecond DistrictBUTTS Lamar Monroe BAILEY WOODWARDJenkinsburg TwentyThird DistrictPEACH Taylor Crawford WM J WILSONiFort Valley TwentyFourth DistrictCHATTAHOOCHEE Marion Muscogee I N E WRIGHTiCusseta TwentyFifth DistrictUPSON Talbot Harris L A MALLORY JR Thomaston TwentySixth DistrictCLAYTON Fayette Spalding E ALVIN FOSTERForest Park TwentySeventh DistrictBARROW Oconee Jackson JAMES W PARIS Winder 10 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Putnam Morgan KOY R KELLYMonticello ThipEYTorsCtAWFEaRT Hart Madis011 Elberton TtooyS stMBERSHAM Fraklin s h ThirtySecond DisteictDAWSON White Lumpkin CLIFF HUGHESRt f Dawsonville ThirtyThird DistrictFORSYTH Banks Hall DR MARCUS MASHBURN Cumming ThirirthPTlstrictGWINNETT Rockdale DeKalb FRANK QUILL SAMMON JRLawrenceville IS8 McDonough Thirm stisptg1ER1WETHER Cowet Ch h Fortieth DistrictUNION Rabun Towns DR H M EDGE1Blairsville FortDRira tvICKms Famht Gilmer Jasper FrtdrPtCHATT00GAt Floyd Bartow BOBBY LEE COOK Summerville LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 11 FortyThird DistrictGORDON Murray Whitfield C L MOSSCalhoun FortyFourth DistrictWALKER Catoosa Dade ROBERT E COKERLaFayette FortyFifth DistrictBEN HILL Telfair Irwin MARTIN YOUNGRebecca FortySixth DistrictBACON Coffee Pierce H DORSEY DEENRt 4 Alma FortySeventh DistrictTIFT Turner Colquitt DeNEAN STAFFORDTifton FortyEighth DistrictDODGE Wilcox Crisp DR FRANK P HOLDER JREastman FortyNinth DistrictBULLOCH Candler Evans F EVERETT WILLIAMSStatesboro Fiftieth DistrictCLARKE Wilkes Oglethorpe JULIAN H COXAthens FiftyFirst DistrictHOUSTON Bibb Twiggs CHARLIE L WILLIAMSWarner Robins FiftySecond DistrictFULTON CHARLIE BROWNUAtlanta FiftyThird DistrictBERRIEN Cook Brooks CHARLES GARRETTRt 3 Nashville FiftyFourth DistrictTATTNALL Appling Jeff Davis WILTON HILLReidsville STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE SENATE TERM 19571958 14 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES COMMITTEE McGarity Chairman Henderson ViceChairman Garrett Secretary Bentley Edenfield Foster Hughes Kelley of 10th Mallory McLaughlin Young APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE Gillis Chairman Moss ViceChairman Bentley Secretary Coker Cook Garrett Gould Henderson Holder Howell Jackson Kelly of 28th Langdale Pound Williams of 49th COUNTY AND MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS COMMITTEE Pound Chairman Brown of 52nd ViceChairman Crawford Secretary Deen Edge Garrett Howell Newman Williams of 51st Wright Young DEFENSE AND VETERANS AFFAIRS COMMITTEE Sanders Chairman Kelley of 10th ViceChairman Kelly of 28th Secretary Crawford Foster Roper Woodward LEGISLATIVE MANUAL EDUCATIONAL MATTERS COMMITTEE Williams of 49th Chairman Cox ViceChairman Brannen Secretary Brown of 52nd Cook FINANCE Langdale Chairman Peters ViceChairman Pelham Secretary Adams Edge Gill Gillis McGarity Hill Howard Pelham Peters Stafford COMMITTEE Moss Roper Sammon Wheeler Williams of 51st Wilson Young HEALTH AND WELFARE COMMITTEE Mashburn Chairman Deen ViceChairman Howell Secretary Edge Holder McLaughlin Pelham Roper Sammon Wheeler Kelly of 28th HIGHWAYS COMMITTEE Oxford Chairman Mallory ViceChairman Woodward Secretary Gill Gould Henderson Howard Hughes Moss Newman Peters Williams of 49th Wilson Wright 16 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL INDUSTRY AND LABOR COMMITTEE Ellard Chairman Oxford Brown of 19th ViceChairman Peters Butts Secretary Pound Brown of 52nd Sanders Cox Trotter Hawes INTERSTATE COOPERATIVE COUNCIL OF STATE GOVERNMENT COMMITTEE Hawes Chairman Langdale Drinkard ViceChairman Alternates Ellard Secretary Mallory Brown of 19th Sanders JUDICIARY COMMITTEE Trotter Chairman Howard ViceChairman Jackson Secretary Adams Bentley Coker Cook Kelley of 10th Paris Sanders Wright PENAL AND CORRECTIONAL AFFAIRS COMMITTEE Hill Chairman Mallory Foster ViceChairman Mashburn Paris Secretary Newman Edenf ield LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 17 PUBLIC UTILITIES AND TRANSPORTATION COMMITTEE Adams Chairman Williams of 51st ViceChairman Gill Secretary Brannen Brown of 19th Butts Edenfield McLaughlin Stafford RULES COMMITTEE Mr President Chairman Hill Drinkard ViceChairman Mashburn Stafford Secretary Oxford Cox Paris Ellard Sammon Gillis Sanders Hawes Trotter SENATE ADMINISTRATIVE AFFAIRS COMMITTEE Gould Chairman McGarity Brannen ViceChairman Woodward Drinkard Secretary TEMPERANCE COMMITTEE Coker Chairman Holder Wheeler ViceChairman Hughes Butts Secretary Jackson Crawford Wilson Deen rmtuwt aaTTiRwoo asua HfrttflO ajvoO 1 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 21 THE PRESIDENT Rule 1 The President shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful Rule 2 In all cases the President shall not vote unless the Senate shall be equally divided In all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the President may vote Rule 3 When two or more Senators shall rise at the same time the President shall name the Senator entitled to proceed Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the President unless otherwise ordered by the Senate Rule 5 The method of stating the question on any motion by the President shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the President or a division of the Senate is called for by any one member of the Senate the President shall call upon the Senators in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the Secretary he shall call upon the Senators to reverse their positions and the President shall announce the result Rule 6 The President may during a days sitting name any Senator to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer Discretion of President When President shall vote Right of Senator to the floor to be decided by the President President to appoint committees Method of stating a question by the President President may name Senator to preside 22 Duty of Secretary when President absent When no debate on appeals Appeals to be made at once Power of President to suspend subordinate officers When President may order galleries and lobbies cleared LEGISLATIVE MANUAL In the absence of the President of the Senate the Speaker of the House shall preside in the absence of both the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House the President pro tempore of the Senate shall preside in the absence of the three last named the Speaker pro tempore of the House shall preside Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the President shall be absent the President pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Secretary of the Senate shall call the Senate to order and shall preside until a President pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the Senate The President pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease Rule 8 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate Rule 9 All appeals from the decisions of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made Rule 10 The President shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the Senate within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the Senate may see fit to take in the premises Rule 11 The President shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the Senate cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 23 I bar of the Senate to be dealt with for contempt I of the Senate Rule 12 When less than a quorum vote on I any subject under consideration by the Senate I the President may order the door of the Senate I to be closed and the roll of Senators called by I the Secretary and if it is ascertained that a I quorum is present either by answering to their I names or by their presence in the Senate and I any Senator present then refuses to vote unless I excused such refusal shall be deemed a conI tempt of the Senate Rule 13 The President may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote I by yeas and nays where a division of the Senate I discloses the fact that a quorum of the Senate has not voted Rule 14 All questions as to priority of busiI ness to be acted on shall be decided by the PresiIdent without debate ON DECORUM AND DEBATE Rule 15 When any Senator is about to speak I in debate or deliver any matter to the Senate he I shall rise from his seat and respectfully address himself to Mr President The President shall not recognize any Senator unless he shall address himself to the Chair from his seat provided however the President shall not put a question lor take any other action which would foreclose debate if any Senator not at his seat shall sig nify to the Chair that he wishes to be recognized and shall immediately proceed to his seat for that purpose He shall be confined to matter in debate shall speak not more than twice on any subject nor more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken During all sessions all individual speeches on bills and resolutions shall be limited to thirty No quorum voting duty of President When President may order vote taken by yeas and nays Decision on questions of priority Conduct of Senators debate 24 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Appeals Expulsion See Rule 17 Exception to Words spoken Silence minutes unless extended by a majority of a quorum and on all points of personal privileges shall be limited to ten minutes If any Senator in speaking or otherwise trangress the rules of the Senate the President shall call him to order in which case the Senator so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The Senate shall if appealed to decide and the decision of the Senate be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the Senate by a twothirds vote of the Senators which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays Rule 16 If any Senator be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Secretary and read then admitted denied or explained by the Senator who spoke and thereupon the questions of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the Senate may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the Senate is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been disposed of or until such further time as may then be ordered by the Senate But no Senator shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the Senate for words spoken in debate if any other Senator has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken Rule 17 The members of the Senate shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking Senator shall have taken his seat LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 25 Rule 18 The Senators shall avoid naming I each other when they may have occasion to take I notice of their observations but may designate I them by the districts they represent Rule 19 No Senator shall vote upon any I question in the result of which he is personally I interested and in every case where the seat of I a Senator is being contested the sitting Senator I and the contestant shall both retire from the I Senate before the vote is taken Rule 20 Any Senator may have entered on I the Journal a protest in writing against the acI tion of the Senate said protest shall clearly and I succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest I and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor I impugn the motive of the Senate nor any memI bers thereof Rule 21 No Senator shall address the Senate I nor interrogate a Senator who is speaking exI cept through the President and if the Senator I speaking declines to be interrupted the PresiI dent shall cause the Senator desiring to interroI gate him to be silent Rule 22 No Senator shall pass between the I Chair and a Senator while he is speaking nor I shall any Senator at the time of adjournment I leave his seat until the President retires Rule 23 No Senator shall in debate refer to I any private conversation had with another SenaI tor or to any matters which have transpired in I any committee of the House or Senate while the I same was in executive session Rule 24 In nominating candidates for any I office no other candidate shall be disparaged Mode of designating Senators Shall not vote when interested in result Protests Duty while Senator is speaking and at adjournment Restrictions in debate 26 Applause and hisses forbidden No debate during yeas and nays Only one motion be made at a time Explana tion Beading of papers Motion to excuse when made Excuses from voting LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule 25 Applause or hisses in the Senate j Chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be prompt 1 ly suppressed Rule 26 During the calling or reading of I yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had Rule 27 No Senator can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the Senate he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the President Rule 28 On all questions except such as are not debatable any Senator on the call of the yeas and nays shall be allowed five minutes as a matter of right in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by yeas and nays no Senator shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent Provided however any Senator may explain his vote not taken by yeas and nays by filing such explanation m writing with the Secretary before the confirmation of the Journal on the day next succeeding such vote No motion or request shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a Senators time for explaining Rule 29 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any Senator it shall be determined by a vote of the Senate and this motion shall be decided without debate Rule 30 A motion to excuse a Senator from voting must be made before the Senate divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the Senator making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 27 Rule 31 No Senator shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then move to table the bill resolution or motion or move the previous question thereon without relinquishing the floor DIVISION OF A QUESTION Rule 32 Any one Senator may call for a division division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it Rule 33 The Senator calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what DvfaIoit parts he would have the question divided Each how made part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself and be consistent and entire BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Rule 34 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolu resolutions tion the second or third time the Secretary shall called in distinctly state its number and the name of the order Senator by whom introduced Provided that the General Appropriation Bill and the General Tax Bill shall have precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said bills shall have been finally disposed of Rule 35 Every motion or request to take up proviso general bills or resolutions out of their regular what moorder and every motion or request for special ions to be orders shall be submitted in writing and reported in writinsrupon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the Senate Rule 36 No debate shall be admitted upon any bill at the first reading Upon the introduc Question tion of any bill or resolution or other matter requiring reference to a committee the President shall as a matter of course and without de LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 28 Effect of favorable report of committee Adverse report of committee Bills when withdrawn Reports of committees order of action bate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the Senate In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Secretary and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed No bill or resolution shall be engrossed except upon the affirmative vote of of the Senators present No Senator shall be recognized at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to engross a bill or resolution When a motion to engross is made which motion may be made upon reading the bill the first time and at no other time no debate shall be permitted except that the movant may speak to his motion not longer than 5 minutes and any other one Senator may speak in opposition thereto for 5 minutes Rule 37 Where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill etc the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question unless recommitted Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill etc in order to have a second reading thereof any Senator may at the time such report is made give notice of intention to move at the proper time to disagree to such adverse committee report when the question shall be upon agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill etc shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill etc shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Provided that no bill etc adversely reported shall be taken up for a second reading except by motion of some Senator Any bill etc may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the Senate Rule 38 When a bill etc favorably reported by a committee is on its third or last reading if LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 29 the report of the committee is disagreed to by the Senate the bill or measures shall be lost unless the action of the Senate in disagreeing to the committee report is reconsidered within the proper time Rule 39 The President shall not recognize any Senator at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to place any general bill on its passage out of its regular order Neither shall he recognize any request for unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter or to read any bill or resolution the second time or to place any local bill or resolution on its passage except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal The President shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time Rule 40 Where a bill or a resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the Senate Rule 41 All bills and resolutions shall be written or printed and shall have the name of the Senator introducing the same as well as the district he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same All bills and resolutions having the force and effect of law shall when introduced have attached an exact copy and said copy shall be retained by the Secretary subject to use as information but the original bill or resolution shall be for the exclu sive use of the Senate and the committee to which it is assigned and shall be the official bill or resolution of the Senate and shall not be subject to any other use Bills and resolutions to be in writing How indorsed 30 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Transmission to House by majority vote No bill and no resolution requiring the concurring vote of the House for passage shall be introduced unless the same shall have been filed in the office of the Secretary before adjournment or before 12 oclock noon whichever is later on the previous day Rule 42 The Secretary shall as soon as pos I sible after any bill or resolution of general ap plication is filed in his office cause the same to I be printed and a copy thereof distributed to each I member forthwith Whenever any such bill or I resolution of general application shall be reported 1 back by the committee to which it was referred 1 with the recommendation that it do pass as I amended or by substitute the Secretary shall cause the recommended amendment or substitute I to be printed and copies thereof distributed to j each member No bill or resolution of general application shall be placed on its passage unless I copies of the same shall have been printed and I distributed to the Senators prior to adjournment I on the previous day The Senate may at any time by the vote of a majority of a quorum suspend action upon any pending bill or resolution of general application until all amendments and substitutes offered thereto whether by a committee report or on the floor of the Senate shall I have been printed and distributed to the Senators Rule 43 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the House on the day of passage thereof unless a majority of the Senators present shall so order Rule 44 The Committee on Rules during the last fifteen legislative days of each session shall arrange and fix the calendar of business for each day and such calendar of business shall be a standing and continuing special order during said LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 31 period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order and manner fixed by such calendar except by a threefourths vote of those present PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS Rule 45 When any subject is before the Senate for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit 1st A motion to adjourn 2nd A motion to lay on table 3rd A motion for the previous question 4th A motion to postpone indefinitely 5th A motion to postpone to a day certain 6th A motion to commit 7th A motion to amend Which said several motions shall have precedence in the order named MOTION TO ADJOURN Rule 46 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the Senate A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended Order of precedence Not debatable when may be renewed Amendment Rule 47 A motion to adjourn to a particular when day or for a particular time if made when the debatable 32 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Senate is not actually engaged in other business is debatable and is amendable as to the day or time proposed When made Rule 48 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the Senator moving it can legitimately obtain the floor When not in order Rule 49 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Secretary has called the first name of the ayes and nays and a vote of one Senator has been given or after a division of the Senate has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced Effect of adjournment Rule 50 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the Senate to the next sitting day or time in course Hours of adjournment What business postponed Rule 51 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the Senate is being taken by the yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the Senate is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous question has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the Senate shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 33 MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE Rule 52 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order Rule 53 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the Senate is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken from the table it is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar Rule 54 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes Rule 55 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable 4 Rule 56 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again Rule 57 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION Rule 58 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table How matters may be taken from table When renewed Not debatable or amendable What can be tabled When in order Effect of previous question 34 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Twenty minutes debate allowed Vote how taken Yeas and nays Onefifth neces sary take precedence of all other motions except motions to adjourn or to lay on the table and when it is moved the first question shall be Shall the call for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority vote in the affirmative the motion to adjourn or to lay on the table can still be made but they must be made before the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative and after said last question is affirmatively decided by a majority vote said motions will be out of order and the Senate cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives Rule 59 When the previous question has been ordered the Senate shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate When the report of he committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before the time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such Senators as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule Rule 60 After the main question is ordered any Senator may call for a division of the Senate in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays but on all questions on which the yeas and nays are called the assent of onefifth of the number present shall be necessary to sustain the call and when such call is sustained the yeas and nays shall be entered on the Journal LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 35 Rule 61 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the Senate to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved Rule 62 After the main question has been ordered a motion to reconsider this action will if adopted have the effect to repeal the ordering of both the main question and the previous question and will leave the pending measure again open to debate and amendment This motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question can be made only once and if lost or if the main question is again subsequently ordered on the pending measure no second motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question shall be entertained Rule 63 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any matter if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the members of said committee whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report Rule 64 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection Rule 65 A call of the Senate shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the President that a quorum is not present Effect of main question being ordered Reconsideration when in order Contested elections How called and ordered Call of the Senate when in order 36 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Questions of order Rule 66 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate Effect MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE Rule 67 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session Not amendable Rule 68 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended When cannot be applied Rule 69 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule Not renewed Rule 70 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has once been voted down Debate when and how allowed MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN Rule 71 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 37 the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another This motion cannot be renewed or made a second time to the same measure on the same day Rule 72 The motion to postpone to a day certain cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but only to the whole measure It is amendable by substituting one day or time for another If a day proposed is known to be beyond the limits of the Session the motion shall be treated as one to indefinitely postpone MOTION TO COMMIT Rule 73 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee Rule 74 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on Rule 75 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated Rule 76 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the Senator making the motion Rule 77 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or Motion to commit Precedence of When debatable How amended Motion to recommit 38 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum Amendments how made MOTION TO AMEND Rule 78 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit 1st By inserting or adding words 2nd By striking out words 3rd By striking out and inserting words An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment Any irrelevant amendment or amendment obviously offered for the purpose of delay shall be ruled out of order by the President Bill first perfected then the substitute Rule 79 When a bill or resolution is before the Senate for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the Senate to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute When too late to amend Rule 80 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to whom was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the Senate unless said action of the Senate in so agreeing to said LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 39 report of said committee shall first be reconsidered Rule 81 All motions to amend any matter before the Senate must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added Eule 82 On all questions whether in committee or in the Senate the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put Eule 83 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend Eule 84 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected Eule 85 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the Senate shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Secretary in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the secretary without any motion being made in the Senate and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur back and amend it Must be in writing Priority Blanks Caption when amended Amending by sections Eule 86 When a motion is made to amend by 40 Amendments by striking out and inserting Priority of amendment to perfect Amending House amendments See Rule 129 Priority Priority of questions on House amendments LEGISLATIVE MANUAL striking out and inserting the Secretary shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended Rule 87 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a paragraph any amendment offered to perfect the paragraph shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out Rule 88 When any bill or resolution which originated in the Senate has been amended in the House and is before the Senate for action on the House amendment an amendment may be offered in the Senate to the House amendment but the Senate amendment to the House amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down Rule 89 A motion to amend an amendment made by the House to a Senate bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment Rule 90 The questions which arise before the Senate respecting amendments by the House to a Senate bill or resolution are 1st A motion to agree to the House amendment 2nd A motion to disagree to the House amendment 3rd A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment 4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 41 5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment They take precedence in the above order RECONSIDERATION Rule 91 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any Senator to move for reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter that has been previously reconsidered provided such Senator shall notify the Senate of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed Rule 92 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made Rule 93 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once Rule 94 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the time for unanimous consents on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action Provided a motion to reconsider the action of the Senate ordering immediate transmission of any bill or resolution to the House shall be made and disposed of before the transaction of other business Rule 95 The action of the Senate upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time Motion to reconsider Shall not be withdrawn when When there may be one reconsideration When in order Amendments when reconsidered 42 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates Place on calendar Rule 96 All bills reconsidered shall take their place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order for a third reading Morning rollcall dispensed with by majority vote ABSENTEES Rule 97 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the Senate shall not be dispensed with except by a majority vote of the Senators present Names of absentees noted Rule 98 Upon the call of the Senators ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Secretary and shall appear upon the Journal Sergeantatarms Power to compel attendance COMPELLING ATTENDANCE Rule 99 The power to compel the attendance of Senators in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the President and to this end he may have the doors of the Senate closed When the doors are so closed no Senator shall be allowed to retire from the Senate without first obtaining leave from the Senate The Messenger of the Senate shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the Senate and on order of the President may arrest any absentees and bring them before the Senate when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 43 CALL OF THE SENATE Rule 100 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the Senate is present or when the President shall officially state the fact to the Senate it shall be in order for any Senator to make a motion for a call of the Senate and when this motion is made the President shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the Senate prevail and if five of the Senators present shall vote in the affirmative the President shall order the Secretary to call the roll of Senators and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by order of the majority of the Senators present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the Senate shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged MISCELLANEOUS RULES Rule 101 When a message is sent to the Senate it shall be announced at the door of the Senate by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent Rule 102 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce vote Call how ordered Subsequent proceedings Messages Messages when received and considered 44 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL is being taken A message shall be presented to the Senate by the President when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business on which the Senate is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the Senate Motions Rule 103 After a motion is stated by the President or read by the Secretary it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Senate but may be withdrawn at any time before decision by consent of the Senate Petitions memorials etc Rule 104 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the Petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading No Debate Rule 105 Any motion to suspend the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate Motions not privileged 3 Rule 106 Any motion not privileged containing new matters shall lie at least one day on the table Record Rule 107 Whenever on any question the yeas End nays shall have been ordered the Secretary shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting Not necessary to second motion Rule 108 Where a motion is made by any Senator it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the Senate Committees how and when enlarged Rule 109 After the announcement of the standing committees no other Senators shall be placed thereon unless it be at the request of a LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 45 majority of the committee to be added thereto except when Senators have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the President may assign said Senators to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships Rule 110 No person shall be allowed to enter the floor of the Senate except the Senators and officers of the Senate the officers and members of the House and the Governor of the State and such others as the Senate may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on Rules Provided however the operation of Rule 110 shall be suspended as to representatives of the working press radio and television until an appropriate gallery can be arranged therefor Rule 111 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Senate Administrative Affairs to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the Senate that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Secretary Rule 112 The session of the Senate each day except Sunday shall commence at 1000 a m unless otherwise ordered by the Senate and shall continue until the Senate shall be adjourned upon motion Rule 113 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate Privileges of the floor Duty of Committee on Journals Adjourn ment Motion for yeas and nays not debatable 46 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Signature of President and Secretary Rule 114 All writs warrants subpoenas issued by order of the Senate shall be signed by the President and attested by the Secretary Duty of Messenger Rule 115 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the Senate while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the President and to execute the demands of the Senate from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the President Messengers duty in distributing documents etc Rule 116 The Messenger under the direction of the Secretary shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them Interlineation forbidden Rule 117 No committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendments recommended on separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendments relate Pairing Rule 118 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting Committees of Conference Rule 119 Whenever any Senator moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the President shall appoint a committee on the part of the Senate and in such case the committee shall consist only of such Senators as voted in LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 47 the majority on the position assumed by the Senate and if by inadvertence any Senator be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the Senate and be excused by the President Rule 120 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the Senate it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the Senate but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment Rule 121 No Senator shall after debating any question and before yielding the floor be allowed to submit any motion the effect of which shall be to prevent further debate Rule 122 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment If a motion be made to strike out a part of a bill or resolution a motion to amend the part proposed to be stricken out shall be first on order Rule 123 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent Rule 124 No Senator shall except by special resolution draw any per diem in excess of 20 days per annum in addition to regular or special sessions of the Senate Rule 125 On the call of the yeas and nays the Secretary shall read the names of the Senators after they have been called and no Senator Amendments Free debate Motion Majority and minority reports Per diem Changing votes 48 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Questions of privilege shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question Rule 126 Questions of the privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the Senate collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of Senators individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other questions Provided that when any matter is pending before the Senate no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question is disposed of Elections Rule 127 In all elections a majority of the Senators present shall be necessary to a choice Appropriating money yeas and nays called and recorded Must originate in House of Representatives Rule 128 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays are called and recorded All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money must originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills Amendment to Constitution entered in full in journals Rule 129 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal and when any amendment to the Constitution shall be agreed to by a twothirds vote of members elected such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on the Journal in full with the yeas and nays taken thereon Caption or title only to be read in local bills Rule 130 The first and second reading of local bills shall consist of the reading of the titles only unless said bill is ordered engrossed LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 49 Rule 131 The Secretary and Assistant Secretary shall before entering on their duties as such take an oath before their presiding officer to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge and the Secretary shall enter into bond in the sum of 5000 conditioned for faithful discharge of his duties Said bond to be approved by President of the Senate Rule 132 All engrossing and enrolling clerks before entering upon the discharge of their respective duties shall take an oath before the President of the Senate to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge of which a minute shall be made and entered on the Journals and no journalizing recording enrolling or engrossing clerk shall he appointed by the Secretary of the Senate until such clerk has been examined by the Committee on Senate Administrative Affairs and certified to be competent and well qualified for the discharge of the duties required of him and shall be removed at any time upon recommendation of the Committee on Senate Administrative Affairs Rule 133 When there is a meeting of both branches of the General Assembly in joint session the Secretary shall enter in the journal of the Senate the proceedings of the same Secretary to take oath and give bond Oath of enrolling and engrossing Clerks Must be examined by Senate Administrative Affairs Committee and be recommended by it as competent Secretary must enter on journals proceedings of joint sessions 50 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule 134 The President shall appoint the following standing committees which shall have the following number of Senators each Committee on Agriculture and Natural Resources11 Committee on Appropriations15 Committee on County and Municipal Governments11 Committee on Defense and Veterans Affairs7 Committee on Educational Matters11 Committee on Finance15 Committee on Health and Welfare11 Committee on Highways15 Committee on Industry and Labor11 Committee on Interstate Cooperative Council of State Governments5 Committee on Judiciary11 Committee on Penal and Correctional Affairs7 Committee on Public Utilities and Transportation9 Committee on Rules13 Committee on Senate Administrative Affairs5 Committee on Temperance9 The President shall appoint a Chairman a Vice Chairman and a Secretary on each committee It shall be the duty of the Chairman or in his absence the Vice Chairman to call meetings of the committee whenever in his discretion the business of the committee requires it and he shall call a meeting of the committee whenever onethird of the members so request The Secretary shall keep minutes of the meetings of the committee which shall be made available to any Sena LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 51 tor but which shall not be matters of public record In the absence of the Secretary the Chairman may designate some other member of the committee to act as Secretary In the absence of the Chairman the Vice Chairman shall act as Chairman In the absence of the Chairman and Vice Chairman the committee shall select one of its members to serve as acting Chairman The Chairman of the Committee on Appropriations shall be appointed a member of the Committee on Finance and the Chairman of the Committee on Finance shall be appointed a member of the Committee on Appropriations The President of the Senate shall be an exofficio member of all standing committees of the Senate but shall have no vote as an exofficio member except on the Committee on Rules of which he shall be Chairman Each Senator shall be appointed to serve on three committees and no Senator shall be appointed to serve on more than four committees No Senator shall be appointed Chairman or Vice Chairman of more than one committee 52 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL ORDER OF BUSINESS Rule 135 The following shall be the order of business 1 Prayer by the Chaplain 2 Call of the Roll 3 Report of Committee on Journals 4 Notices of motions to reconsider 5 Reading the Journal 6 Motions to reconsider 7 Confirmations of the Journal 8 Unanimous consents 9 Establishment of the order of business for the day Rule 136 The report of the Committee on Rules shall be in order any time and messages from the Governor or from the House of Representatives may be received under any order of business Rule 137 No change of or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition be submitted in writing and referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the Senate Rule 138 The rules of the Senate shall in no case be suspended or changed or the order of business changed except by a twothirds vote a quorum of the Senate being present and voting Rule 139 The Committee on Senate Administrative Affairs shall within 20 days after the beginning of each annual session audit the accounts of every Senator for expenses as a Com LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 53 mitteeman or incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of the Senate since the last preceding annual session and shall within the said 20day period report its findings to the Senate listing the names of each such Senator and the general nature of the duty in which said expenses were incurred together with the amount thereof and the per diem received by such Senator in connection therewith Said committee shall report to the Senate for appropriate action any violations of law or these rules Rule 140 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies 54 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL CONSTITUTIONAL RULES Lt Governor to be President of Senate Rule 141 The Lieutenant Governor shall be President of the Senate Art 5 Sec 1 Par 7 What is a quorum Compelling attendance Rule 142 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4 Oath of members Rule 143 Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5 Majority required to pass bill Rule 144 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14 Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members Rule 145 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 55 Rule 146 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12 Rule 147 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal Art 3 Sec 7 Par 19 Rule 148 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection but the first and second reading of each local bill shall consist of the reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7 Rule 149 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendment as in other bills Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10 Rule 150 No law shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8 Rule 151 No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays Revenue bills Reading of bills One subject matter etc An amendment to laws and sections of Code 56 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL but the Amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16 General Laws how varied Rule 152 Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private Consent and when required rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the free consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1 Corpora tions Rule 153 The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the courts it may confer this authority to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to the judges of the superior courts of this State in vacation All corporate powers and privileges to banking trust insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the Secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescrib Power delegated to courts ed by law and if in any event the Secretary of State should be disqualified to act in any case then in that event the legislature shall provide by general laws by what person such charter shall be granted Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 57 Rule 154 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18 Rule 155 The General Appropriations bill shall embrace nothing except appropriation fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public debt and interest thereon and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9 Rule 156 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them Art 3 Sec 7 Par 22 Rule 157 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce ana the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the Relief of recognizance What the general appropriation bill shall contain Other appropriations by separate bills Adjourn ment Elections 58 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1 Rule 158 All acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either house shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13 Rule 159 Meeting of the General Assembly The General Assembly shall meet in regular session on the second Monday in January 1947 and biennially thereafter on the same day until the date shall be changed by law By concurrent resolution adopted by a majority of members elected to both Houses the General Assembly may adjourn any regular session to such later date as it may fix for reconvening in regular session but shall remain in regular session no longer than seventy 70 days in the aggregate during the term for which the members were elected If it shall adjourn the first regular session before the expiration of seventy 70 days without fixing a date for reconvening the General Assembly shall reconvene in regular session on the second Monday in January of the next year unless it shall have adjourned sine die All business pending in the Senate or House at the adjournment of any regular session may be considered at any later regular session of the same General Assembly as if there had been no adjournment Nothing herein shall be construed Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 59 to effect the power of the Governor to convoke the General Assembly in extraordinary session or the duty of the Governor to convene the General Assembly in extraordinary session upon the certificate of threefifths of the members elected to the Senate and the House of Representatives as provided in Article V Section I Paragraph XII of this Constitution If an impeachment trial is pending at the end of any regular or extraordinary session the Senate may continue in session until such trial is completed The provisions of Paragraph III Section IV of Article III of the Constitution which this Constitution supersedes which apply to the meetings of the General Assembly shall continue in force until the second Monday in January 1947 Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3 Rule 160 Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have the power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1 Rule 161 No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of the twothirds vote required to override the veto to submit constitutional amendments and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21 Rule 162 The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly Elections disorderly conduct Expulsion by twothirds vote Signature of Governor when required Governors veto LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 60 Effect of twothirds vote thereon When Governor must approve Effect of twothirds vote Twothirds vote required Twothirds vote required on amendments to Constitution before the same shall become laws but two I thirds of each House may pass a bill notwith J standing his dissent and if any bill should not be I t returned by the Governor within five days Sun t day excepted after it has been presented to I him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same I bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House Art 5 Sec 1 Par 15 I 1 Rule 163 Every vote resolution or order to M which the concurrence of both houses may be I j necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor I and before it shall take effect be approved by I 1 him or being disapproved shall be repassed by twothirds of each house provided however that I nothing contained in this Article shall be con I strued to confer on the Governor the right to I veto or enter his disapproval of any proposal I made by the General Assembly to amend this I Constitution Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16 Rule 164 No county site shall be changed or I removed except by a twothirds vote of the I qualified voters of the county voting at an elec I tion held for that purpose and by a majority vote I of the General Assembly Art 11 Sec 1 Par 9 Rule 165 Any amendment or amendments I to this Constitution may be proposed in the Sen I ate or House of Representatives and if the same I shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members I LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 61 elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon The General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election at which election members of the General Assembly are chosen and if such proposed amendment directly affects only one or more political subdivisions of the State then it shall also be advertised in the area to be directly affected thereby and shall also provide for a submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution provided that if the proposed amendment is not one that directly affects the whole State but only one or more subdivisions thereof said amendment shall not become a part of this Constitution unless it receive both a majority of the electors qualified to vote voting thereon in the State as a whole and also a majority of the electors qualified to vote voting thereon in the particular subdivision or subdivisions affected When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1 Rule 166 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all members of each House of the General Assembly The rep Twothirds vote required to call a convention How called LEGISLATIVE MANUAL reservation in said convention shall be based on population as near s practicable This Constitution shall not be revised amended or changed by the Convention until the proposed revision amendment or change has been submitted and ratified by the people in the manner provided for submission and ratification of amendments proposed by the General Assembly Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2 Rule 167 The Justices of the Supreme Court each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 8000 per annum the judges of the Court of Appeals each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 8000 per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 6000 per annum and the Solicitors General shall each have out of the treasury of the State a salary of 25000 per annum with the right of the General Assembly to authorize any county to supplement the salary of a judge of the Superior Court and Solicitor General of the Juicial Circuit in which such county lies out of county funds provided however where such salary is at the time of the adoption of this Constitution being supplemented out of county funds under existing laws such laws shall remain in force until altered by the General Assembly Provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of Richmond County or the Ordinary or such other board or person as may from time to time have charge of the fiscal affairs of said county shall without further legislative action continue to supplement from said Countys treasury the salary of the Judge of Superior Court of the circuit of which the said County of Richmond is a part by the sum of Two Thousand 2000 Dollars per annum which shall be in addition to the amount received by said judge out LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 63 of the State treasury and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said County and such payments shall be made to the judge now in office during his present or subsequent terms as well as to his successors with the authority in the General Assembly to increase such salary from the County treasury as above provided The General Assembly shall have power at any time by a majority vote of each branch to abolish the fees at present accruing to the office of solicitor general in any particular judicial circuit and in lieu thereof to prescribe a salary for such office without regard to the uniformity of such salaries in the various circuits and shall have further power to determine what disposition shall be made of the fines forfeitures and fees accruing to the office of solicitor general in any such judicial circuit where the fees are abolished and likewise shall have the further power if it so desires to abolish such salary and reestablish such fees but in either event when so changed the change shall not become effective until the end of the term to which the solicitor general was elected Art 6 Sec 12 Pars 1 and 2 Rule 168 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the newspaper in which the Sheriffs advertisements for the locality affected are published once a week fcr three weeks during a period of sixty days immediately preceding its introduction into the General Assembly No local or special bill shall become law unless there is attached to and made a part of said bill a copy of said notice certified by the publisher or accompanied by an affidavit of the author to the effect that said notice has May be changed by a majority vote Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be submitted before passage of same LEGISLATIVE MANUAL been published as provided by law No office to 1 which a person has been elected shall be abolished nor the term of the office shortened or lengthened by local or special bill during the term for which such person was elected unless the same be approved by the people of the jurisdiction affected in a referendum on the question Where any local law shall add any member or members to any municipal or county governing authority the members of which are elected by the people such local law must provide that the member or members so added must be elected j by a majority vote of the qualified voters of the political subdivision affected Art 3 Sec 7 Par 15 Any Conference Committee report in the Senate must be adopted by a constitutional majority vote of the Senate House Amendments to a Senate Bill must be adopted by a constitutional majority vote of the Senate A RESOLUTION F BE IT RESOLVED by the Senate of the General Assembly of Georgia as follows 1 That no person be employed as a page who is under the age of 12 years and that each Senator be allowed to name not more than 1 page per day for 5 days during the session such days to be selected by said Senator and that the Lt Governor be allowed to name not more than two pages per day during each day of the session during which the Senate is in session 2 That not more than 1 doorkeeper and 4 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 65 assistant doorkeepers be employed during each day in which the Senate is in session 3 That no person be paid for services rendered to the Senate in any capacity while such person is drawing any salary wages or other compensation from any other Department of the State 66 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL RULES FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SENATE IN EXECUTIVE SESSION 1 When nominations shall be made by the Governor to the Senate a future day shall be assigned for their considerations unless the Senate directs otherwise 2 When acting on executive business the Senate shall be cleared of all persons except the Senators the Secretary and Assistant Secretary 3 All information or remarks touching or concerning the character or qualifications of any person nominated by the Governor for office shall be kept secret 4 The Legislative and Executive proceedings of the Senate shall be kept in separate and distinct books except that a copy of the message transmitting information of definite action on appointments of the Governor shall be placed in the regular Journals of the Senate 5 All nominations approved by the Senate or otherwise definitely acted on shall be transmitted by the Secretary to the Governor with the determination of the Senate thereon from day to day as such proceedings may occur but no further extract from the Executive Journal shall be furnished published or otherwise communicated except as provided in Rule 4 during any session except by special order of the Senate and in transmitting the determination of the Senate thereon the Secretary shall in no instance furnish a list of the names of Senators voting in the affirmative or negative but only the fact of confirmation or rejection and the LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 67 numerical vote and the record of votes shall be sealed and transmitted to the Secretary of States office there to be placed on file 6 A majority of a quorum shall be necessary to confirm the nomination to any office made by the Governor and sent to the Senate for approval When nominations are made by the Governor for any office which require the assent and approval of the Senate in executive session after the Secretary shall read the name of the party nominated and the position to which he is appointed the President shall put to the Senate the following Shall the nomination of the Governor be confirmed by the Senate Those who favor the confirmation will as your names are called vote Aye those opposed vote No After the roll is called the President will announce the result of the ballot and declare the result as follows It appears from the vote that a majority of the Senators have voted to confirm the appointment made by the Governor the same is hereby confirmed by the Senate or A majority of the Senators have voted against the confirmation of the nomination made by the Governor it is therefore rejected by the Senate 7 No Senator will be at liberty at any time or under any circumstances to expose or publish anything transpiring in executive session except only such matters as are required to be disclosed under the rules It is the intent and meaning of this rule that the business transacted in executive session shall be sacred and free from exposure to the outside world that every Senator shall be on his honor concerning the same 8 In Executive Session any member of the Senate shall be limited to ten 10 minutes in speaking for or against the confirmation of any nominee under consideration by the Senate LEGISLATIVE MANUAL RULES FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WHEN ASSEMBLED IN JOINT SESSION tj The time of the meeting of the two houses in joint session shall be determined by the concurrent resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives except where provided by law 2 The elections shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result 3 The votes are to be taken for but one election at the same time and a majority of the whole number of votes cast is necessary to a choice 4 The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet in joint session in the hall of the House of Representatives on the first Monday of every session at 10 oclock a m or at such time as may be fixed by joint resolution of both houses for the purpose of electing such offices of said State as are now or may hereafter be required to be elected by the General Assembly Said joint session shall continue in morning and afternoon sessions from day to day until all of said officers are elected 5 At the hour determined by the concurrent T W LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 69 resolution the Senate shall repair to the Hall of the House of Representatives 6 The President of the Senate shall preside and announce that the General Assembly is in joint session and cause to be read the resolution convening the same He shall put all questions to the body and decide all questions of order An appeal may be taken from any of his decisions to the whole General Assembly 7 The Speaker of the House shall sit on the left of the President of the Senate 8 In announcing a candidate the mover shall not make any commendatory or other remarks 9 After a person is nominated for any office in joint session of the General Assembly it shall not be in order to second such nomination and when the nomination is declared closed the President shall forthwith order the rollcall and each member when called shall rise in his seat and respond promptly announcing distinctly his choice for such office 10 In the elections by the General Assembly no member after having voted shall be allowed to change his vote unless he will rise and state in his place that he voted by mistake or that his vote had been recorded by mistake 11 No debate shall be in order except as to questions of order 12 No motion to adjourn shall be in order In lieu thereof there shall be the motion to dissolve the joint session which shall be in the form That the joint session of the General Assembly 70 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL be now dissolved or That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved to be reconvened at a time named The latter motion shall have precedence of the former 13 The motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or until a fixed time shall always be in order except that after the call of the roll has commenced it shall not be in order until after the result of said vote shall have been declared by the President of the Senate 14 When a motion to dissolve the joint session shall be decided in the negative the same shall not again be in order until other business shall have intervened 15 Wlhen a motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or to a fixed time shall be decided in the affirmative the President of the Senate shall so declare and the Senate shall without further motion immediately repair to the Senate Chamber 16 The majority of each house shall be necessary to constitute a quorum of the joint session 17 These rules may be amended by the concurrent resolution of the two houses and they or either of them shall cease to be in force when either house shall notify the other house of the withdrawal of its consent to the Same LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 71 INDEX TO STANDING RULES OF Senate of Georgia ABSENTEES Rule No Arrest of when 99100 Call of Senate 100 Names recorded in Journal 98 Roll Call dispensed with when97 Secretary duty as to Absentees 98 ADJOURN MOTION TO Amendable not iiiiW 46 Debatable not iiiAiviiAiiJ 46 Definite time debatable when 47 Definite time Amendable when 47 Division not in ordOr during 49 Effect when motion prevails50 Main Question Ordered not in ordernli 49 58 Precedence of ii 45 48 Previous Question motion for sustained motion to adjourn in order 49 58 Shall not be made second time when46 When in orderviii4648 4958 When not in order 49 58 Yeas and Nays being called not in order 49 ADJOURNMENT Constitutional time limit 112 Courtesy to President at 22 Effect when hour of arrives while Senate is acting under previous question51 58 Effect when hour of arrives while vote is being taken by Yeas and Nays 51 Hour of Fixed by Senate 112 72 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL ADMINISTRATIVE AFFAIRS Rule No I Audit of Senators expenses 139 1 Clerks examine and approve 132 I Clerks recommended removal of 132 I ADVERSE REPORT Bills and Resolutions adversely reported taken up when 37 I Debate on 59 I Effect of on bills 37 I Second Reading after when 37 I AMENDMENTS Adjourn motion to not amendable 46 I Adjourn to definite time amendable when 47 I Applicable to Amendments 78 I Amendments to Amendments not amendable 78 I Bills and Resolutions amended by sections 78 85 I Bills and Resolutions perfected before substitute 79 I Bills and Resolutions perfected before caption 84 I Blanks must be filled in before 83 I By Committee 117 I Commit motion to amendable how 76 I Committee Amendments take precedence 120 I Committee shall not deface or interline bill but report amendments on separate paper 117 I Caption not considered until Bill perfected 84 I Engrossment Effect of 36 I General Appropriations Bill Senate may amend 128 I General Tax Bill Senate may amend 128 I Germane must be 122 I House Amendments to S B 88 90 I House Amendments to S B may be amended 88 I House Amendments to S B Priority of motion to amend 89 I House Amendments to S B Priority of Questions on 90 I House Amendments to S B Senate Amendment to not subject to amendmentI 88 I LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 73 Rule No Priority of 8287120122 Priority of to perfect part proposed to be stricken87122 Priority of on passage of bill 120 Precedence of motion to amend 45 Postpone indefinitely motion to not amendable 68 Postpone definitely amendable 72 Reconsideration of when 95 Report of by committee 117 Report of Committee agreed to amendments after 80 Requirements of motion to amend 81 Secretary duty of when amendments made to bill and resolutions by sections 85 Secretary duty of in amending by inserting and striking out 86 Strike out motion to part to be stricken considered first l22 Section by 85 Table amendments motion to not in order 52 Table motion to lay on or take from not amendable 55 Ways of making 78 When too late 8085 When made bill being considered by sections 85 Writing motion to amend must be in 81 AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION Journal proposed recorded in 129 Yeas and Nays recorded on 129 Majority required 129 74 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL APPEALS Rule No From Presidents decision 9 I Member called to Order may appealL 15 1 No debate on appeals of personal character 8 Time of makingt9 I 1 APPLAUSE Prohibited in Galleries or Senate Chamber 25 APPROPRIATIONS General Bill right of wayj 34 House must originatev 128 Senate may amend appropriation bill 128 Yeas and Nays required 128 ATTENDANCE Arrest of senators for nonattendance99100 Call of Senate 99 Messengers duty as to99100 Power to compel99100 President duty as to99100 BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Adverse Committee report on 37 Amendments to 78 Amendments to passed on before caption or preamble considered 84 Amendments Bill perfected first 79 Amendments to too late 8085 Amendments by sections 85 Amendments to when too late bill being considered by sections 85 Amendments to by striking and inserting 86 Amendments by committees how reported 117 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 75 Rule No Bills perfected before substitutes 79 Caption not considered until bill perfected 84 Committee amendments take precedence 120 Committee amendments how reported 117 Committee reports on precedence of 40 Committee Report on effect of disposal of 3738 Committee Report favorable effect of 37 59 Committee Report unfavorable effect of 37 59 Commit motion to 45 73 76 Commitment to Committees 36 Debate none on first reading 36 Deface or interline no committee shall 117 Disagreement to favorable committee report effect of 38 Engrossment effect of 36 Entries on to be made by secretaryL 36 Form 41 First Reading no debateill 36 General Appropriations bill takes precedence 34 General bills not placed for passage out of order by unanimous consent 39 General Tax Bill takes precedenceA 34 Immediate transmission to house 43 Local Bills effect of engrossment 130 Local Bills First and Second Readings 130 Local Bills third reading and placement for passage by unanimous consent 39 Precedence of 34 President duty to commit 36 Printing of 42 Reading of by unanimous consent 39 Recommit motion to 77 Requirements of 41 Reported by committee bill may be amended before report agreed to 120 Reconsideration J 9196 Reconsideration effect of 96 Second Reading after adverse committee report 37 76 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule No Secretary duty of in amending by striking and inserting 86 Secretary state author and number of when reading 34 Secretary to call in order on calendar 34 Special committee motion to commit to 7374 Strike out motion to part to be stricken considered first 122 Unanimous consent for reading or consideration 39 Withdrawal of 37 Substitute Bill perfected before 79 CALL OF THE SENATE Contempt on 12 When in order12100 When main question ordered 65 CAPTION Not considered until bill perfected 84 V CHANGE OF VOTES How and when 125 COMMITTEES Amendments by how reported 117 Amendments by takes precedence 120 Appointment of 4134 Appropriations exofficio members of 134 Bills not to be interlined or defaced by 117 Chairman Appropriations and Finance exofficio members 134 Change after announcement 109 Commit to motion to 73 77 Conference how and when constituted 119 Enlarged how 109 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 77 Rule No Exofficio members of Finance exofficio members of President appoint President exofficio member of rules committee Reports order of precedence Recommit to motion to Senators elected to fill vacancies committee assignments Standing committees 134 134 4134 134 40 77 109 134 COMMIT MOTION TO Amended how Applicable to what Debate simple motion not debatable Debate motion to commit with instructions debatable Precedence among other motions Precedence among motions to commit Special Committee to Standing committee to takes precedence Recommit motion to 76 73 75 75 45 74 73 74 74 77 CONTEMPT By Outsiders H By Senators 12100 On Call of the Senate12100 CONVERSATION Presidents right to suppress Senators refrain from when DEBATE Adjourn motion to not debatable 46 Adjourn to definite time motion to debatable 47 Adverse report debate on 59 1 17 78 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule No Appeals from chair of personal character not debatable 8 Bill or resolution no debate on first reading 36 Breach of order in debate 15 Change order of business motion to not debatable 105 Commit motion to not debatable 75 Commit with instructions motion to debatable 75 Committee matters reference to out of order in 23 Conduct of Senators in15212223 Conversation reference to out of order in 23 Excuse from voting motion to not debatable 30 First reading of bill or resolution no debate 36 j House happenings reference to out of order in 23 j Incidental matters after motion for previous question sustained decided without debate 66 Interrogation of speakers through president 21 Limitation of speeches 15 Minority report debate on 63 j Nondebatable motion not in order when31121 Postpone definitely motion to debate limited 71 Postpone indefinitely motion to debatable 68 Previous Question motion for not debatable 58 Previous Question motion for decided affirmatively debate limited 5963 Previous Question motion for incidental questions decided without debate 66 Priority of Business decided by President without debate 14 Reading of papers question of decided without debate 29 Roll Call no debate during 26 Suspend Rules motion to not debatable 105 Yeas and Nays motion for decided without debate 113 Yeas and Nays no debate during 26 DISPARAGING REMARKS Prohibited on Nominations 24 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 79 Rule No DIVISION OF SENATE After main question ordered 60 Call for 60 Excuse for voting motion to must be before 30 Senator may ask forIIi 5 60 DIVISION OF QUESTION Duty of member asking33 Right to call for 32 What divisible 3233 ENGROSSMENT Effect ofii 36 EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN Procedure for taking 16 EXECUTIVE SESSION Reference to Special Rules Cleared Senate Chamber cleared of all persons except senators secretary and assistant secretary 2 Journal message informing governor of action on nominees record in regular journal Journal separate journal for executive sessions Journal secret 35 Governor informed of action on nominees by secretary 4 Limit as to time of speech Nomination majority necessary to confirm Nomination how put Nomination when considered 1 Nominees discussion of secret 3 5 Nominees secretary inform governor of action on 80 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule No Proceedings kept in separate book from legislative proceedings Proceedings kept secret 357 Procedure 2 6 Remarks of Senators kept secret 3 Secretary and assistant in senate during session Secretary duty as to journal 45 Secretary inform governor of action on nominees 5 Secrecy required 23 57 Senate chamber cleared of all persons except senators secretary and assistant secretary during session 2 Senators shall not disclose proceedings or happenings of session j 3 Votes on nominations kept secret 6 Votes record of sealed and filed with Secretary of State Votes result only announcedi 5 5 EXPLANATION OF VOTES When and time allowed 28 EXPULSION OF MEMBERS When and how DOORKEEPER Clear lobbies and galleries when 11 Messages duty in receiving 101 Suspension of 10 GALLERIES Applause or hisses prohibited in 25 President may clear H LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 81 GENERAL ASSEMBLY Rule No Minutes of joint sessions of kept in Senate Journal 133 GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS BILLS Precedence of GENERAL TAX BILL Precedence of Senate may amend only 128 GOVERNOR Entitled to privileges of the Floor HO HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT Effect of arrival ofI 5158 Effect of arrival of when Senate acting under previous question 51 58 Effect of arrival of vote being taken by yeas and nays 51 Fixed by Senate Provided gP IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO THE HOUSE Majority vote necessary for 43 Reconsideration of motion for 94 When ordered JOINT SESSION RULES OF GENERAL ASSEMBLY IN JOINT SESSION References to Special Rules Adjourn motion to see motion to dissolve Appeals from decisions of chair 6 82 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule No Change of vote when allowed 10 Commendatory remarks prohibitedii 8 Elections by 24910 Elections change of vote on 10 Elections majority for 3 Elections only one at time 3 Elections record of vote kept in House Journal 2 Elections vote how taken 2 39 Elections where held 2 Debate no debate except on points of order 11 Dissolve motion to not in order after roll call commenced 13 Dissolve motion to effect of when prevailing 15 Dissolve motion to and reconvene at definite time takes precedence 13 Dissolve motion to definite and indefinite 12 Dissolve motion to when in order 13 Dissolve motion to when lost in order again when 14 Journal of House contain record of vote on elections 2 Majority necessary for election 3 Nominations no commendatory remarks by member making 8 Nominations no second of in order 9 Nominations roll call on 9 Order points of debatable 11 Presiding Officer President of Senate 2 6 Presiding Officer duties of6915 Place of meetingiJ 25 Procedure 6 Quorum 16 Roll Call on elections 9 Roll Commenced motion to dissolve not in order 13 Rules how changed 17 Rules consent of both houses to necessary 17 Senate repair to Hall of House of Representatives 6 Senate return to Senate Chamber on dissolution 15 Sessions continue how long 413 Speaker of House sit at left of President of Senate 7 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 83 Rule No State officers election of 4 Time of meeting 1 4 Voting vi 2 3 9 Vote change of1 10 JOURNAL Absentees Contain names of 98 Appropriations motion for yeas and nays recorded on 128 Committee on duty to read Ill Constitutional amendments recorded in 129 Constitutional amendments yeas and nays recorded on 129 Constitution requires twothirds majority for passage of bill or resolution yeas and nays shall be recorded 129 General Assembly minutes kept in Senate 133 Oaths minutes of oaths kept in 132 Protest of Senators entry in 20 Reconsideration of matters in 91 Senators not voting on yeas and nays names entered in 107 LAUDATORY REMARKS Prohibited 24 LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR Duties of 141 LOCAL BILLS Engrossment effect of 130 First and Second reading130 Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent 39 84 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL MAIN QUESTION Rule No I Adjourn motion to not in order after main question ordered g 49 58 I Call of Senate after ordered 65 I Call of Senate after main question ordered 65 I Debate time allowed for majority after main question ordered 59 I Debate time allowed minority after main questioned ordered 63 I Debate time allowed author after main question ordered 63 65 66 I Division of Senate 60 I Effect of when order58 59 63 65 66 Reconsideration of ordering 62 Table motion to not in order after main question ordered 5758 I Vote how taken when ordered 60 I MAJORITY Change rules or order of business necessary to44138 I Election necessary for 127 I MEMORIALS Presentment and consideration 104 I MINORITY REPORTS Debate on 63 I Minority may make reports how 123 I MESSAGES Consideration of 102 I How sent received announced and considered 101 I Received from the Governor or House at any time 136 I When Received 102136 I LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 85 MESSENGER Rule Arrest senators power to on order of president99 Clear galleries and lobbies when Duty of on call of Senate ExOfficio SergeantatArms General duties 115 Suspension of MOTIONS Germane motion to amend must be Nondebatable not in order when31 One at time only Order of business motion to change not debatable Order of business motion to change vote necessary44 Order of priority Privilege question of take precedence Reading by secretary effect of Read papers motion to not debatable Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted Seconding not required Senator resume seat while motion is being put Special Orders motion to make how submitted Statement of by chair effect of Strike out motion to part to be stricken considered first Unprivileged containing new matter lie on table one day Withdrawal of 1 NEW MATTERS Unprivileged motion containing lie on table one day Unanimous consent for No 100 11 100 99 116 10 122 121 27 105 138 45 126 103 29 138 137 108 27 35 103 122 106 103 106 39 86 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL NOMINATIONS Hule No Disparaging remarks prohibited in 24 Laudatory Remarks prohibited in1 24 OATHS Assistant Secretary 131 Clerks 132 Entered in Journal 132 Secretarys 131 ORDER OF BUSINESS Established 135 Majority necessary to change order fixed by rules committee 44 Majority necessary to change order 138 Motion to change not debatable 105 Priority of decided by president without debate 14 Rules committee fix during last fifteen days of session 44 Special orders motion for how submitted 35 PAIRING Not recognized UAVv 118 PARLIAMENTARY LAW Applicable when 140 PETITIONS Presentment and consideration 104 PREAMBLE Not considered until bill or resolution perfected 84 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 87 POSTPONE TO DEFINITE DAY MOTION TO Rule No Applicable to what 72 Amendments subject to 72 Debate limited 71 Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 72 Precedence of 45 69 Renewal when lost cannot be made again the same day 71 POSTPONE INDEFINITELY MOTION TO Applicable to what 69 Amendments not subject to 68 Debate subject to 68 Effect when motion prevailsto 67 Impossible motion to postpone impossible day treated how 72 Precedence of 4569 Renewal when lost motion cannot be again made on same matter 70 PRESIDENT Absence of president pro tern preside 7 Adjournment Senators remain until president retires 22 Appeals from decision of18915 Arrest president may order of persons disturbing senate 11 Arrest Senators power to order when absent99100 Attendance power to compel99100 Business priority of decided by 14 Call of Senate power and duty on1213100 Committees appointed by 4134 Commitment of bills and resolutions on first reading 36 Courtesy due by Senators to at adjournment 22 Conference Committee appointed by 119 Division may order 5 Galleries power to clear 11 Interrogation of senators through 21 Irrevelant debate power to suspend 1 88 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule No Lobbies power to clear i Method of stating question o Messages duty on receiving 16 No quorum voting duty of president 13 1 Recognition of Senators decided by Rules committee exofficio chairman of 134 Signs all writs warrants etc of Senate 114 Silence power to command 1 Senator may name to preside 6 Senator may call to order for breach of rules lo Senators elected after committees appointed president may appoint to committees 109 Standing Committees appointment of 134 Suspension of officers by 10 Vote president required to when 3 Vacant chairmanships power to fill 10 PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE Absence of president and president pro tempore secretary shall call election of president pro tempore 7 Duties of PREVIOUS QUESTION Adjournment effect of arrival of hour of Senate acting under Adjourn motion to after motion for previous question sustained U Affirmative vote on effect of58 59 t3 bb Applicable to whatI 64 Call of Senate after previous question ordered b Debate regulated previous question decided affirmatively L 63 Debate motion for not subject to 58 Exhausted before matters excepted to decided 16 Incidental questions arising after previous question ordered decided without debate 66 Precedence of motion for 4558 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 89 Rule No Reconsideration 62 Table motion to after motion for previous question sustained PRIVILEGE Motion without to lie on table 106 Personal 16 Question of what constitute 126 Questions of take precedence 126 PRIVILEGE OF THE FLOOR When extended to visitors 110 Who entitled to HO PRINTING OF BILLS When ordered 2 PROTESTS OF SENATORS Procedure for 20 QUORUM Call of Senate no quorum voting 100 No quorum voting duty of president1213100 No quorum voting president may order yeas and nays 13 READING OF PAPERS Determined by Senate 29 RECOMMIT MOTION TO Applicable to what 90 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL RECONSIDERATION Rule No Amendments of 95 Applicable to what91 Committee Reports of action on 38 Effect of 6296 Immediate transmission motion for reconsidered whenHP 94 Intervening days effect of J 94 Main question ordering of may be reconsidered 62 Main question ordering of may be reconsidered only once 62 Notice required jj 92 One time no matter reconsidered but 93 Previous question reconsideration of62 When and how asked 91 94 When motion for is in order 91 REMONSTRANCES Presentment and Consideration 104 REPORTS OF COMMITTEES Amendments after agreement to 80 Disagreement to effect of 38 Favorable report effect of 37 Form of 123 Minority reports 123 Procedure after a 3738 Precedence of 40 Reconsideration of action on 38 Unfavorable report 37 Writing must be in 123 RULES Change proposal to must be submitted in writing and referred to Rules Committee 137 Majority necessary to change 138 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 91 Rule Special orders motion to make how submitted Suspend motion to not debatable Suspended how 105 137 I RULES COMMITTEE Change in rules all proposals for submitted to Order of business for last fifteen days fixed by 1 Report of in order at any time Special orders must be reported on by J SECRETARY Absence of president and president pro tern call elec IH tion for president pro tem Absentees note name of Amending bills by sections duty of in Amending bills by striking and inserting duty of in Attest all writs warrants etc of Senate Bills and Resolutions called in order by from calendar Bills and Resolutions Engrossed Entries on to be made by I Bills and Resolutions state number and author of in calling Bond of Clerks appointment of General assembly joint session keep minutes of Journal duty to enter names of Senators not voting on yeas and naysii Oath a I SENATORS Adjournment duty of at Accounts of duty of auditing committee as to Applause prohibited Arrest power of president to order99 Attendance power of president to compel99 Call of Senate may ask Call to order for transgression of rules No 35 108 138 137 44 136 35 7 98 85 86 114 34 36 34 131 132 133 107 131 22 139 25 100 100 100 15 92 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule No Committee assignments when elected after organization of Senate completed109 Conduct in debate15171821232531 Contempt of the Senate 12 Conversation refrain from 17 Courtesy owed Senator speaking 22 Debate how often speak 15 Debate reference to private conversations committee or house happenings prohibit in 23 Decorum of 11517192125 Division of Question may ask for 32 Division of Question duty of Senator asking for 33 Division of Senate may ask for 560 Disparaging Remarks prohibited 24 Exceptions to words spoken 16 Expulsion of 15 Interrogation of through president 21 Laudatory remarks prohibited 24 Messenger duty of to 116 Motion make only one at time 27 Motion must resume seat while motion being put 27 Motion prohibited from making nondebatable when31121 Not voting names of entered in Journal 107 Pairing of not recognized 118 Per diem expenses 124 Personal Privilege 126 Preside president may designate Senators to 6 Protest of Senate action by 20 Reading of Papers call for 29 Recognition order of decided by president Retire when required to 19 Retire not allowed to when 1299 Senators refer to Senators by districts and not by name Special Orders request for 35 Stationery messenger shall supply 116 Unanimous consent right to ask for 39 Vote changing how and when7 125 Vote Explanation of 28 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 93 Rule No Vote shall not when interested 19 Vote refusal to on call of Senate 12 Voting motion to excuse from 30 Yeas and Nays call for 60 SERGEANTATARMS Duty of on Call of the Senate 100 Messenger exofficio 99 SIGNATURE OF PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY When required 114 SILENCE Senators preserve 17 I SPECIAL COMMITTEE Priority of Motion to commit to 73 74 SPECIAL ORDER How obtained 35 SUBSTITUTE Bill perfected before 79 I Table motion to not in order 52 SUSPENSION OF RULES How accomplished 105137138 table motion to Amendment motion to table not in order 52 94 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule No Amendment motion to table or take from table not subject to 1 55 Applicable to whatj 56 Debate motion to table or take from table not subject to 55 Effect when motion to take from table prevails 53 Motion to take from table in order when 5354 Main Question ordered motion to table not in order 5758 Presence of 45 Previous Question motion for sustained motion to table in order 57 58 Renewal of motion to table or take from table 54 Substitute not subject to 52 Unprivileged motion containing new matter lie on table one day 106 When in order motion to table and take from table 54 57 TWOTHIRDS VOTE WHEN NECESSARY Constitution Amendment 129 Expulsion of Senators 15 Yeas and Nays recorded when constitution requires 129 UNANIMOUS CONSENT Explanation of vote by 28 Limitation and regulation of 39 Local bills considered by when 39 New matters consideration by 39 No request to extend time of explanation shall be entertained 28 YEAS AND NAYS Adjournment effect of arrival of hour of while vote being taken by 51 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 95 Rule No Adjourn motion to not in order during call of 49 Appropriations record of required on all 128 Call for after main question ordered 60 Change vote after call of 125 Constitution requiring twothird vote for passage of bill yeas and nays shall be recorded 129 Constitution amendment to required and recorded on 129 Debate no debate during call of 26 Debate motion or call for not debatable 113 Explanation of vote when vote taken by 28 Excuse from voting motion to must be made before start of 30 Expulsion of Senator vote by 15 Journal show when60128129 Journal show names of Senators not voting on 107 President may order no quorum voting 1213 Required when 60128129 96 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Seat Numbers of the Georgia House of Representatives House of Representatives Numerically by Seat Number 1 Smith of Fulton 2 Rodgers of Charlton 3 Lokey 4 Yandle 5 Odom 6 Green of Rabun 7 Smith of Whitfield 8 Winkle 9 Scoggin 10 Wright of Floyd 11 Hall 12 Ballard 13 Tamplin 14 Murphy 15 Cheek 16 Fowler of Douglas 17 Killian 18 Gowen 19 Russell 20 Perry 21 Callier 22 Pelham 23 Elder 24 Veal 25 Hawkins 26 Ramsey 27 Baughman 28 Wooten 29 Burkhalter 30 Smith of Bryan 31 Smith of Emanuel 32 Johnson 33 Mobley 34 Carswell 35 Fowler of Treutlen 36 Brooks of Fulton 37 McClelland 38 Blalock of Clayton 39 Lee 40 Jones of 41 Ray Lumpkin 42 Adams 43 Underwood 44 Palmer 45 Twitty 46 Barber 47 Broome 48 Budd 49 Walker of Lowndes 50 Larkins 51 Hodges of Ware 52 Parker of Ware 53 Sheffield 54 Jessup 55 Carr 56 Summers 57 Roberts 58 Fellows 59 McWhorter 60 Mackay 61 Rutland 62 Bagby 63 Lott 64 Grimsley 65 Dean 66 Boggs 67 Brooks of Oglethorpe 68 Stephens 69 Matthews 70 W Campbell of Walker 71 A Campbell of Walker 72 Pickard 73 Young 74 Nilan 75 Carter 76 Wilson 77 Carlisle 78 McKenna 79 Lanier 80 Allen 81 Fordham 82 Kimmons 83 Helms 84 Peters 85 Hardaway 86 Rogers of Heard 87 Griffith 88 Kidd 89 Reed 90 Holcombe 91 Willingham 92 Frazier 93 Stewart 94 Roughton 95 Todd 96 Willis 97 Chastain 98 Perkins 99 Barrett 100 Irvin 101 Nichols 102 Tarpley 103 Lam 104 Birdsong 105 Love 106 Blalock of Coweta 107 Payton 108 Ross 109 Orr 110 Cowart 111 Long 112 Ingle 113 Floyd 114 Weems 115 Gross of Dade 116 Lindsey 117 Bolton 118 Bradley 119 Greene of Bartow 120 Coalson 121 Pickett 122 Kelley 123 Cagle 124 Harper 125 Parker of i Appling 126 Raulerson 127 Musgrove 128 Kennedy 129 Moorman 130 Freeman 131 Hodges of Butts 132 Crummey 133 Short 134 Newton 135 Miles 136 Holley 137 Chambers 138 Brennan 139 Eyler 140 Cheatham 141 Pettey 142 Phillips of Columbia 143 McCracken 144 Miller of Twiggs 145 Hill 146 Jones of Wayne 147 Story 148 Moss 149 Jones of Worth 150 Parker of Pike 151 Smith of Lamar 152 Ellis 153 Murr 154 Jones of Sumter 155 Caldwell 156 Echols 157 Holloway 158 Busbee 159 Miller of Elbert 160 Martin 161 Gunter 162 Overby 163 Lancaster 164 McGibony 165 Flynt 166 Walker of Telfair 167 Phillips of Walton 168 Brackin 169 Smith of Forsyth 170 Wells 171 Jones of Crawford 172 Hogan 173 Jones of Laurens 174 Craven 175 Duncan 176 Singer 177 Black 178 Truelove 179 Henderson 180 Harrison 181 Wright of Dodge 182 Watson 183 Gross of Stephens 184 Coxwell 185 Cocke 186 Souter 187 Key 188 Rowland 189 Land 190 Hendrix 191 Denmark 192 White 193 Jones of Baker 194 Tabb 195 Mull 196 Cloud 197 Taylor 198 Morris 199 Bodenhamer 200 Neese 201 Hurst 202 Sivell 203 Huddleston 204 King Rostrum Marvin Moate Speaker Rostrum Joe Boone Clerk House of Representatives Alphabetically by Names Adams 42 Allen 80 Bagby 62 Ballard 12 Barber 46 Barrett 99 Baughman 27 Birdsong 104 Black 177 Blalock of Coweta 106 Blalock of Clayton 38 Bodenhamer 199 Boggs 66 Bolton 117 Brackin 168 Bradley 118 Brennan 138 Brooks of Oglethorpe 67 Brooks of Fulton 36 Broome 47 Budd 48 Burkhalter 29 Busbee 158 Cagle 123 Caldwell 155 Callier 21 A Campbell of Walker 71 W Campbell of Walker 3 70 Carlisle 77 Carr 55 Carswell 34 Carter 75 Chambers 137 Chastain 97 Cheatham 140 Cheek 15 Cloud 196 Coalson 120 Cocke185 Cowart 110 Coxwell 184 Craven 174 Crummey 132 Dean 65 Denmark191 Duncan 175 Echols 156 Elder 23 Ellis 152 Eyler 139 Fellows 58 Floyd 113 Flynt 165 Fordham 81 Fowler of Douglas 16 Fowler of Treutlen 35 Frazier 92 Freeman 130 Gowen 18 Green of Rabun 6 Greene of Bartow 119 Griffith 87 Grimsley 64 Gross of Stephens 183 Gross of Dade 115 Gunter 161 Hall 11 Hardaway 85 Harper 124 Harrison 180 Hawkins 25 Helms 83 Henderson 179 Hendrix190 Hill 145 Hodges of Ware 51 Hodges of Butts 131 Hogan 172 Holcombe 90 Holley 136 Holloway157 Huddleston 203 Hurst 201 Ingle 112 Irvin 100 Jessup 54 Johnson 32 Jones of Wayne 146 Jones of Worth 149 Jones of Lumpkin 40 Jones of Baker 193 Jones of Laurens173 Jones of Sumter154 Jones of Crawford 171 Kelley 122 Kennedy 128 Key 187 Kidd 88 Killian 17 Kimmons 82 King 204 Lam 103 Lancaster 163 Land 189 Lanier 79 Larkins 50 Lee 39 Lindsey 116 Lokey 3 Long Ill Lott 63 Love105 Mackay 60 Martin 160 Matthews 69 Miles 135 Miller of Twiggs144 Miller of Elbert 159 Mobley 33 Moorman 129 Morris 198 Moss 148 Mull 195 Murphy 14 Murr 153 Musgrove 177 McClelland 37 McCracken 143 McGibony 164 McKenna 78 McWhorter f 59 Neese 200 Newton 134 Nichols 101 Nilan 74 Odom 5 Orr 109 Overby 162 Palmer 44 Parker of Pike 150 Parker of Ware 52 Parker of Appling 125 Payton 107 Pelham 22 Perkins 9 Perry 20 Peters 84 Pettey 141 Phillips of Columbia 142 Phillips of Walton 167 Pickard 72 Pickett 121 Ramsey 76 Raulerson 176 Ray 41 Reed 89 Roberts 57 Rodgers of Charlton 2 Rogers of Heard 86 Ross 108 Roughton 94 Rowland 188 Russell 19 Rutland 61 Scoggin 9 Sheffield 53 Short 133 Singer 176 Sivell 202 Smith of Forsyth 169 Smith of Emanuel 31 Smith of Lamar 151 Smith of Fulton 1 Smith of Whitfield 7 Smith of Bryan 30 Souter 186 Stephens 68 Stewart 93 Story 147 Summers 56 Tabb 194 Tamplin 13 Tarpley 102 Taylor 197 Todd 95 Truelove 178 Twitty 45 Underwood 43 Veal 24 Walker of Lowndes 49 Walker of Telfair166 Watson 182 Weems 114 Wells 170 White 192 Willingham 91 Willis 96 Wilson 76 Winkle 8 Wooten 28 Wright of Floyd 10 Wright of Dodge 181 Yandle 4 Young 73 Rostrum Marvin Moate Speaker Rostrum Joe Boone Clerk LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 99 OFFICERS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES TERM 195758 REVISED JANUARY 1957 MARVIN E MOATESpeaker Hancock County BEN JESSUP jjjj Speaker Pro Tem Bleckley County JOE BOONE Clerk Wilkinson County JACK GREENAssistant Rabun County JANETTE HIRSCHSj IAssistant Fulton County HUGH SKELTONAssistant Hart County CURTIS E DUKEDoorkeeper Decatur County ELMORE C THRASH iMessenger Lowndes County 100 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL MEMBERS OF THE GEORGIA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED ACCORDING TO NAMES WITH COUNTIES AND POST OFFICES FOR THE TERM 19571958 REVISED JANUARY 1957 Representative County Post Office Adams W L RoyEvansClaxton Allen Francis WBullochStatesboro Bagby George TPauldingDallas Ballard W DNewtonOxford Barber MacJacksonCommerce Barrett CarleCherokeeHolly Springs Baughman Leon HEarlyCedar Springs Birdsong Frank GTroupLa Grange Black J Lucius WebsterPreston Blalock D BCowetaNewnan Blalock EdgarClaytonJonesboro Bodenhamer Wm TTiftTy Ty Boggs Harold AMadisonDanielsville Bolton Arthur KSpaldingRt B Griffin Brackin J 0SeminoleRt 1 Iron City Bradley Woodrow HBartowCartersville Brennan Edward TChathamSavannah Brooks Geo B Oglethorpe Crawford Brooks Wilson Fulton Atlanta Broome C J Bacon Alma Budd Roger Lowndes Valdosta Burkhalter Lyman Tattnall Glennville LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 101 Representative County Post Office Busbee George DDoughertyAlbany Cagle OlenPickensJasper Caldwell Johnnie LUpsonThomaston Callier H ChrisTalbotTalbotton Campbell AlbertWalkerLaFayette Campbell William M Bill WalkerRossville Carlisle J DouglasBibbMacon Carr Buford WDoolyVienna Carswell Porter WBurkeWaynesboro Carter William OscarHartHartwell Chambers R LeeRichmondAugusta Chastain Robt EThomasThomasville Cheatham Frank S JrChathamSavannah Cheek Hugh GTaylorButler Cloud H CarlDecaturClimax Coalson Elmer JohnPolkiRockmart Cocke Steve MTerrellDawson Cowart J MartinCalhounArlington Coxwell W MacLeeXeesburg Craven S PCarrollRt 1 Carrollton Crummey Cecil DWilcoxRochelle Dean William T BillRockdaleConyers Denmark RoscoeLibertyJlinesville Duncan J EbbCarroll Carrollton Echols Talmage BUpson1 Thomaston Elder D MayneOconee1Watkinsville Ellis S ThomasHenryMcDonough Eyler Edgar PChathamSavannah Fellows Tom TCoffeeDouglas Floyd James HTrion Flynt Wales TCrawfordville Fordham Wiley BABullochStatesboro LIBRARIES 102 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Representative County Post Office Fowler A A Jr Douglas Douglasville Fowler J Wyman Treutlen Soperton Frazier Joe Jeff Dayis Hazlehurst Freeman Wm B Monroe Forsyth Gowen Charles L Glynn Brunswick Green Paul A Rahim Clayton Greene William B Bartow Cartersville Griffith Robert L Baldwin Milled Seville Grimsley Lonnie H Cook Adel Gross Frank L Stephens Toccoa Gross Woodrow W Dade Avans Gunter Wm B Hall Gainesville Hall J Battle Floyd Rome Hardaway Guy W Meriwether Manchester Harper W L Gilmer Ellijay Harrison G R Franklin Carnesville Hawkins W Colbert Screven Sylvania Helms Jack Jeffrey Atkinson Pearson Henderson G B Jr Irwin Ocilla Hendrix George W Long Lndowici Hill Robert A Wheeler Alamo Hodges Ben A Ware Waycross Hodges B Harvey Butts Jackson Hogan Rubert L Laurens Dudley Holcombe Eugene W Cobb Marietta Holley William W Richmond Augusta Holloway A W Dougherty Albany Huddleston Grady L Fayette Fayetteville Hurst Joe J Quitman Georgetown Ingle Buford A Gordon Resaca Irvin Thomas T Habersham Ht 1 Mt Airy Jessup Ben Bleckley Cochran LEGISLATIVE MANUAL I Representative County Post Office I Johnson Marion MerrillJenkinsLMillen Jones Clarence CWayneJesup Jones David CWorthSylvester Jones Fred C JrLumpkinDahlonega Jones K E KentBakerNewton Jones Paul J JrLaurensDublin I Jones Thad M SumterJPlains Jones W TCrawfordRoberta 1 Kelley R H Dawson Dawsonville I Kennedy T E Tr Turner Ashburn Key Wm Hicks Jasper Monticello Kidd E Culver Baldwin Milledgeville I Killian William R Glynn Brunswick Kimmons W H Pierce i Blackshear King Joe N Chattahoochee Cusseta Lam C O Troup Hogansville 1 Lancaster TT S Tones Rt 1 Gray lLand A T Wilkinson Allentown I Lanier William L Bill Larkins J Floyd Candler Brantley Metter Hoboken I Lee William J Bill Clayton Rt 1 Lindsey Frank P Jr Spalding Forest Park Griffin Lokey Leonard N McDuffie Thomson Long Fred F Murray Chatsworth Lott H W Berrien Nashville Love John W Jr Catoosa Ringgold Mackay Tames A DoKalh Decatur I Martin Tom Banks Rt 1 Homer Matthews Chappelle Clarke Athens Miles Bernard F Richmond Augusta Miller Jerre Chappell Jr Twiggs J eff ersonville 104 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Representative Miller Dr J H Moate Marvin E Mobley T Watson Moorman Warren S Morris Leonard Moss Tom W Jr Mull Reid Murphy Harold L Murr Jack Musgrove Downing McClelland Ralph McCracken J Roy McGibony T Hamp McKenna Andrew WMcWhorter W Hugh Neese J P Newton David L Nichols Doyle Nilan John Odom John D Orr Wilbur A Jr Overby Howard T Palmer Tom C Jr Parker E L Parker Thomas A Parker W C Bill Payton Henry N Pelham B E Perkins Roy Perry Eldridge W Peters Hoke S County Post Office Elbert Elberton HancockSparta BurkeGirard Lanier Lakeland Tift Rt R Tifton Gwinnett Buford Fannin Blue Ridge Haralson Buchanan Sumter Americas Clinch Homerville Fulton Atlanta Jefferson Avera Greene Greensboro Bibb Macon DeTCalh Decatur Clay Fort Gaines ColquittJRt 2 Norman Park TownsHiawassee MuscogeeColumbus iFX UUVVg VV Camden TCingsland Wilkes Washington Hall Gainesville Mitchell Pelham Pike Meansville Ware Waycross Appling Bavley Coweta Newnan Schley Fllaville Grady Cairo Marion Buena Vista Meriwether Manchester LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 105 Representative County Post Office Pettey Pete Pulaski Hawkinsville Phillips Glenn S Columbia Harlem Phillips John Lee Walton Monroe Pickard A Mac Muscogee Columhus Pickett John P Polk Cedartown Ramsey H N Sr Effingham Springfield Raulerson Louis T Echols Haylow Ray Jack B Warren Norwood Reed Raymond M Cobb Smyrna Roberts Reggie E Coffee Douglas Rodgers H Ben Charlton Folkston Rogers J Artie Heard Franklin Ross Ben B 2 Lincoln Lincolnton Roughton Harvey Washington Sandersville Rowland Emory L Johnson Wrightsville Russell Robert L Barrow Winder Rutland Guy W Jr DeKalb Decatur Scoggin Robert L Bob Floyd Rome Sheffield John E Jr Brooks Quitman Short H Jack Colquitt Doerun Singer Sam S Stewart Lumpkin Sivell W Durand Harris Chipley Smith A C Forsyth Gumming Smith George L II Emanuel Swain shorn Smith J R Lamar Barnesville Smith M M Mufiresv Fulton Atlanta Smith Virgil TWhitfieldDalton Smith W K M D Rryan Pembroke Souter J Lester Macon Montezuma Stephens Robert G Jr Clarke Athens Stewart A L Ren Hill Fitzgerald Story lari P Gwinnett Lawrenceville 106 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Representative County Post Office Summers Marvin L Crisp Rt 2 Cordele Tabb Ruck Miller Colquitt Tampliu Upward Morgan Madison Tarpley Jack G Union Blairsville Taylor John L Decatur Attapulgus Todd W G Glascock Gibson Truelove Franklin F White Cleveland Twitty Frank S Mitchell Camilla TTnrlerwnnd Joe G Montgomery Mount Vernon Veal Dallas Putnam Eatonton Walker Fred H Lowndes Valdosta Walker Jim C Telfair McRae Watson R Herman Houston Warner Robins Weems Pani R Chattooga Summerville Wells D Warner Peach Fort Valley White Daniel H McTntosh Darien Willingham Harold S Cohh Marietta Willis O S Stewart Thomas Coolidge Wilson Edgar H Rihh Macon Winkle Homer E Whitfield Dalton Wooten J Mercer Randolph Shellman Wright Barry Jr Floyd Rome Wright R T Bob Dodge Eastman Yandle Hoyle R Toombs Lyons Young J Gordon Muscogee Columbus LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 107 MEMBERS OF THE GEORGIA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES BY COUNTIES AND POST OFFICES FOR THE TERM 19571958 County Representative Post Office ApplingW C Bill ParkerliLBaxley AtkinsonJack Jeffrey HelmsPearson BaconC J BroomeAlma BakerX E Kent JonesNewton BaldwinRobert L GriffithMilledgeville BaldwinE Culver KiddMilledgeville BanksTom MartinRt 1 Homer BarrowRobert L RussellWinder Bartow Woodrow H Bradley Cartersville Bartow William B Greene Cartersville Ben Hill A L Stewart Fitzgerald Berrien H W Lntt Nashville Bibb J Douglas Carlisle Macon Bibb Andrew W McKenna Macon Bibb Edgar H Wilson Macon Bleckley Ren Jessup Cochran Brantley J Floyd Larkins Hohoken Brooks John E Sheffield Jr Quitman Bryan W K Smith M D Pembroke Bulloch Francis W Allen Statesboro Bulloch Wiley R Fordham Statesboro Burke Porter W Carswell Waynesboro Burke T Watson Mobley Girard Butts R Harvey Hodges Jackson Calhoun J Martin Cowart Arlington 108 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL County Representative CamdenJohn D Odom CandlerWilliam L Bill Lanier CarrollS P Craven Post Office Kingsland Metter Rt 1 Carrollton Catoosa Jobn W Love Jr Ringgold Charlton H Ben Rodgers Folkston Chatham Edward T Brennan Savannah Chatham Frank S Cheatham Jr Savannah Chatham Edgar P Eyler Savannah Chattahoochee Joe N King Cuss eta Chattooga James H Floyd Trion Chattooga Paul B Weems Summerville Cherokee Carl Barrett Holly Springs Clarke Chappelle Matthews Athens Clarke Robert G Stephens Jr Athens Clay T P Neese Fort Gaines Clayton Edgar Blalock Jonesboro Rt 1 Clayton William 1 Bill Tiee Forest Park Clinch Downing Musgrove Homerville Cobb Eugene W Holcombe Marietta Cobb Raymond M Reed Smyrna Cobb Harold S Willingham Marietta Coffee Tom T Fellows Douglas Coffee Reggie E Roberts Douglas Rt 2 Colquitt David L Newton Norman Park Colquitt H Jack Short Doerun Columbia Glenn S Phillips Harlem Cook Lonnie H Grimsley Adel Coweta D B Blalock Newnan CowetaHenry N Payton8Newnan CrawfordW T JonesRoberta LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 109 County Representative Post Office Crisp Marvin L Summers Dade Woodrow W Gross Avans Dawson R H Kelley Dawson ville Decatur H Carl Cloud Cl ima y Decatur John L Taylor Attapnlgns DeKalb James A Mackay Decatur DeKalb W Hugh McWhorter Decatur DeKalb Guy W Rutland Jr Decatur Dodge R T Bob Wright Eastman Dooly Buford W Carr Vienna Dougherty George D Busbee A lhany Dougherty A W Holloway Albany Douglas A A Fowler Jr Don gl a svili e Early Leon H Baughman ClpHai PpHngft Echols Louis T Raulerson Haylow Effingham H N Ramsey Sr L Springfield Elbert Dr J H Miller Elherfon Emanuel George L Smith II Swainshoro Evans W L Roy Adams Claxton Fannin Reid Mull Rine Ridge Fayette Grady L Huddleston E a y ette vi 11 e Floyd J Battle Hall Rome Floyd Robert L Bob Scoggin Rome Floyd Barry Wright Jr Rome Forsyth A C Smith dimming Franklin G R Harrison Carnesville Fulton Wilson Brooks Atlanta Fulton Ralph McClelland A tl Anta Fulton M M Muggsy Smith Atlanta Gilmer W L Harper Ellijay Glascock W G Todd Gibson Glynn Charles L Gowen Brunswick 110 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL County Glynn Gordon Grady Representative Post Office William R KillianBrunswick Buford A IngleResaca Roy Perkins Cairo GreeneT Hamp McGibonydGreensboro Gwinnett Tom W Moss JrBuford Gwinnett Earl P Story ILawrenceville HabershamThomas T Irvin1Rt 1 Mt Airy HalliWm B GunteriGainesville HallHoward T OverbyGainesville HancockMarvin E MoateSparta HaralsonHarold L MurphyBuchanan Harrisvc W Durand SivellxChipley HartWilliam Oscar Carter Hartwell HeardJ Artie Rogers1Franklin HenryS Thomas Ellis McDonough HoustonR Herman WatsonWarner Robins IrwinG B Henderson JrOcilla Jackson Mac BarberCommerce JasperWm Hicks Key1Monticello Jeff DavisJoe FrazierhiHazlehurst JeffersonJ Roy McCrackenAvera JenkinsMarion Merrill JohnsonMillen JohnsonEmory L Rowland 3 Wrightsville JonesU S LancasterRt 1 Gray LamarJ R Smith1DBarnesville LanierWarren S MoormanLakeland LaurensRubert L HoganDudley LaurensPaul J Jones JrDublin LeeIW Mac CoxwellLeesburg LibertyRoscoe Denmark Hinesville LincolnBen B RossLincolnton LonglGeorge W HendrixLudowici LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 111 County Representative Post Office Lowndes Roger Budd Valdosta Lowndes Fred H Walker Valdosta Lumpkin Fred C Tones Tr Dahlonega Macon T Lester Sonter Montezuma Madison Harold A Boggs Danielsville Marion Eldridge W Perry Buena Vista McDuffie Leonard N Lokey Thomson McIntosh Daniel H White Darien Meriwether Guy W Hardaway Manchester Meriwether Hoke S Peters Manchester Miller Buck Tahh Colquitt Mitchell Tom C Palmer Tr Pelham Mitchell Frank S Twitty Camilla Monroe Wm R Freeman Forsyth Montgomery Joe C Underwood Mount Vernon Morgan Howard Tamplin Madison Murray Fred F Long Chatsworth Muscogee John Nilan Columbus Muscogee A Mae Pickard Colnmhns Muscogee J Gordon Young Columbus NewtonW D Ballard Oxford OconeeD Mayne Elder Watkinsville OglethorpeGeo B Brooks Crawford PauldingGeorge T BagbyDallas PeachD Warner WellsFort Valley Pickens Olen Cagle Jasper Pierce W H Kimmons Rlaekshear Pike E L Parker Meansville Polk Elmer John Coal son Rockmart Polk John P Pickett Cedartown Pulaski Pete Pettey Hawkinsville Putnam Dallas Veal Eatonton 112 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL County Representative Post Office Quitman Rabun Randolph Richmond Richmond Richmond Rockdale Schley Screven Seminole Spalding Spalding Stephens Stewart Sumter Sumter Talbot Taliaferro Tattnall Taylor Telfair Terrell Thomas Thomas Tift Tiftp Toombs Towns Treutlen Troup Troup Turner Joe J Hurst Paul A Green J Mercer Wooten R Lee Chambers William W Holley Bernard F Miles William T Bill Dean B E Pelham W Colbert Hawkins J 0 Brackin Arthur K Bolton Frank P Lindsey Jr Frank L Gross Sam S Singer Thad M Jones Jack Murr H Chris Callier Wales T Flynt Lyman Burkhalter Hugh G CheekE Jim C Walker Steve M Cocketi Robt E Chastain1i 0 S Stewart Willis Wm T Bodenhamer Leonard Morris Hoyle R Yandle Doyle Nichols J Wyman Fowler Frank G Birdsong C 0 Lam T E Kennedy Jr Georgetown Clayton Shellman Augusta Augusta Augusta Conyers Ellaville Sylvania Rt 1 Iron City Rt B Griffin Griffin Toccoa Lumpkin Plains Americus Talbotton Crawf ordville Glennville Butler McRae Dawson Thomasville Coolidge Ty Ty Rt 5 Tifton Lyons Hiawassee Soperton LaGrange Hogansville Ashburn LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 113 I County I Twiggs I Union I Upson I Upsona I Walker I Walker I Walton I Ware I Ware I Warren I Washington I Wayne I Webster I Wheeler I White I Whitfield I Whitfield I Wilcox Wilkes I Wilkinson Worth Representative Post Office Jerre Chappell Miller JrJeffersonville Jack G TarpleyBlairsville Johnnie L CaldwellThomaston Talmage B EcholsThomaston Albert CampbellLaFayette William M Bill CampbellRossville John Lee PhillipsMonroe Ben A HodgesWaycross Thomas A ParkerW ay cross Jack B RayNorwood Harvey RoughtonSandersville Clarence C JonesJesup J Lucius BlackPreston Robert A HillAlamo Franklin F TrueloveCleveland Virgil T SmithDalton Homer E WinkleDalton Cecil D CrummeyRochelle Wilbur A Orr JrWashington LandAllentown David C JonesSylvester STANDING COMMITTEES OP THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES TERM 1957 1958 116 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL AGRICULTURE COMMITTEE Fowler of Douglas Chairman Land Lanier ViceChairman Lindsey Ray Secretary Long Burkhalter Miller of Elbert Callier Morris Carswell Moss Craven Palmer Elder Parker of Ware Fowler of Treutlen Ramsey Frazier Raulerson Grimsley Roberts Gross of Dade Rogers of Heard Hodges of Butts Smith of Forsyth Hogan Tamplin Hurst Willis Irvin Yandle Kelley APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE Scoggin Chairman Huddleston Smith of Emanuel Jones of Sumter V ice Chairman McWhorter Barber Secretary Mobley Callier Moorman Cheek Murphy Cowart Pelham Crummey Roberts Duncan Sivell Fordham Smith of Forsyth Fowler of Douglas Stephens Frazier Todd Hardaway Weems Holcombe AUDITING ENROLLING ENGROSSING JOURNALS COMMITTEE Black Chairman Green of Rabun Secreta Brooks of Oglethorpe Bagby ViceChairman Barrett LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 117 Baughman Campbell Albert Harrison Hendrix Ingle Irvin Jessup Johnson Jones of Baker Jones of Sumter Kelley Newton Perkins Pickard Ross Singer Smith of Forsyth Summers Truelove BANKS AND BANKING COMMITTEE Freeman Chairman Land ViceChairman Pelham Secretary Adams of Evans Allen Cheatham Echols I Fellows Gross of Stephens Hill Hogan Holloway Jones of Laurens Lindsey McClelland McGibony Miles Mull Musgrove Peters Pickett Russell Underwood Walker of Lowndes Watson Winkle Wooten Wright of Floyd Young DEFENSE VETERANS AFFAIRS COMMITTEE Floyd Chairman McKenna ViceChairman Murr Secretary Bolton Bradley Cagle Carter Elder Ellis Gunter Harper Harrison Ingle Kelley Martin Morris McClelland Orr Payton Peters 118 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Pickett Summers Roberts Tabb Smith of Whitfield Wright of Dodge EDUCATION COMMITTEE Bodenhamer Chairman McGibony McWhorter ViceChairman Miller of Elbert Hall Secretary Mobley Broome Morris Caldwell Murphy Eyler Odom Greene of Bartow Parker of Applin Gunter Sivell Harrison Story Helms Taylor Hodges of Butts Todd Jones of Crawford Willis Lam Wilson Lee HIGHWAYS COMMITTEE Roughton Chairman Kennedy Wooten ViceChairman Lokey Pettey Secretary Miles Baughman Parker of Pike Budd Perry Cagle Pickett Campbell Albert Smith of Lamar Carlisle Story Coalson Tarpley Crummey Truelove Gowen Underwood Harper Watson Hill Wells Holloway Willis LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 119 HYGIENE SANITATION COMMITTEE Dr Smith of Bryan Chairman Blalock of Coweta ViceChairman Peters Secretary Adams of Evans Broome Craven Fordham Harper Henderson Hill Kidd Lanier McWhorter Miller of Elbert Newton Parker of Pike Perkins Rogers of Heard Ross Smith of Whitfield Stewart Tabb Veal Weems INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS COMMITTEE Rowland Chairman McCracken ViceChairman Dean Secretary Bagby Birdsong Brooks of Fulton Busbee Carswell Floyd Freeman Holley Jones of Laurens Lott Love McKenna Miller of Twiggs Murr Nilan Ray Russell Twitty Wright of Floyd INDUSTRY COMMITTEE Pickard Chairman Tarpley ViceChairman Yandle Secretary Ballard Boggs Brackin Budd Callier Campbell Wm Carter Chambers Coalson Echols Henderson Hodges of Ware Jones of Sumter Lam 120 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Long Miller of Twiggs Mull Nichols Smith of Whitfield Summers Wells INSURANCE COMMITTEE Russell Chairman Smith of Fulton ViceChairman Jones of Crawford Secretary Blalock of Coweta Brooks of Oglethorpe Echols Eyler Fordham Hall Hodges of Ware Hogan Holcombe Holloway Jones of Baker Jones of Worth Kimmons Lanier Matthews Orr Ramsey Rogers of Heard Roughton Smith of Lamar Stewart Walker of Telfair Wilson INTERSTATE COOPERATION COMMITTEE Sheffield Chairman McCracken Dean ViceChairman Phillips of Columbia Smith of Emanuel Secretary JUDICIARY COMMITTEE Twitty Chairman Carlisle ViceChairman Cheatham Secretary Bolton Brooks of Fulton Busbee Chambers Freeman Gowen Gross of Stephens Gunter Huddleston Jones of Laurens Key Killian Mackay McCracken Murphy Short Smith of Emanuel Veal Walker of Lowndes Willingham Young LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 121 LOCAL AFFAIRS COMMITTEE Short Chairman Underwood ViceChairman Dean Secretary Ballard Brackin Bradley Brooks of Fulton Burkhalter Carr Fellows Fordham Fowler of Treutlen Holcombe Jones of Wayne Killian Kimmons Lancaster Lott Mackay Neese Raulerson Singer Smith of Fulton Stewart Tabb Wells MOTOR VEHICLES COMMITTEE Jones of Lumpkin Chairman Matthews ViceChairman Kidd Secretary Birdsong Blalock of Clayton Brennan Budd Campbell Wm Carr Cheek Frazier Hendrix Jones of Worth King Lee Overby Phillips of Columbia Rutland Smith of Emanuel Smith of Lamar Tarpley Twitty NATURAL RESOURCES COMMITTEE Cocke Chairman Cloud ViceChairman Denmark Secretary Bagby Black Caldwell Coxwell Ellis Eyler Griffith Grimsley Hodges of Butts Killian Kimmons Larkins Love Martin Mobley 122 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Moorman Singer Odom Souter Palmer Tamplin Parker of Appling Todd Phillips of Walton Truelove Raulerson White Rodgers of Charlton RULES COMMITTEE Mb Speaker Chairman Hawkins ViceChairman McCracken Secretary Brackin Carter Cloud Denmark Flynt Fowler of Douglas Griffith Hurst Jessup Johnson Jones of Lumpkin King Larkins Lokey McGibony Nilan Parker of Appling Phillips of Columbia Rowland Rutland Sheffield Smith of Bryan Willingham Wright of Dodge SPECIAL JUDICIARY COMMITTEE Stephens Chairman Holley ViceChairman Wright of Floyd Secretary Ballard Barrett Boggs Bradley Brennan Campbell Wm Carr Ellis Greene of Bartow Hodges of Ware Irvin Lancaster Lott McClelland Mull Neese Nichols Parker of Ware Payton Scoggin White LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 123 STATE INSTITUTIONS PROPERTY COMMITTEE Souter Chairman Chastain ViceChairman Brooks of Oglethorpe Secretary Blalock of Coweta Burkhalter Caldwell Campbell Albert Cocke Coxwell Crummey Elder Flynt Griffith Grimsley Gross of Dade Gross of Stephens Hall Hardaway Helms Hendrix Johnson Jones of Wayne Kidd Lee Love Martin Pelham Pettey Phillips of Columbia Sivell Watson Weems Winkle Wooten Yandle STATE OF REPUBLIC COMMITTEE Overby Chairman Willingham ViceChairman Sheffield Secretary Allen Barber Blalock of Clayton Bodenhamer Carlisle Cheatham Cheek Cloud Cowart Dean Denmark Duncan Floyd Green of Rabun Hardaway Hawkins Helms Jones of Baker Kennedy Moss Musgrove Odom Perry Pettey Rodgers of Charlton Roughton Rowland Scoggin Smith of Bryan Taylor Walker of Telfair 124 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL TEMPERANCE COMMITTEE Cowart Chairman Phillips of Walton ViceChairman Jones of Worth Secretary Baughman Brennan Chastain Cocke Coxwell Gowen Holley Huddleston Hurst Jones of Wayne Key King McKenna Pickard Ramsey Reed Souter UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA COMMITTEE Duncan Chairman Barber ViceChairman Lindsey Secretary Allen Boggs Bolton Busbee Carswell Chambers Craven Fellows Henderson Lam Lokey Mackay Matthews Miller of Twiggs Moorman Moss Murr Musgrove Newton Palmer Parker of Ware Reed Ross Smith of Fulton Stephens Walker of Lowndes Winkle Young WAYS AND MEANS COMMITTEE Blalock of Clayton Chairman Ray ViceChairman Key Secretary Adams of Evans Birdsong Bodenhamer Chastain Flynt Green of Rabun Hawkins Jessup LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 125 Jones of Crawford Rodgers of Jones of Lumpkin Rutland Kennedy Sheffield Land Short Larkins Tamplin Nilan Taylor Overby Walker of Phillips of Walton Wright of WELFARE COMMITTEE Veal Chairman Parker of Pike Lancaster Long ViceChairman Miles Perry Secretary Neese Barrett Nichols Black Orr Broome Payton Cagle Perkins Coalson Reed Fowler of Treutlen Story Greene of Bartow White Gross of Dade Ingle Wilson LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 129 THE SPEAKER Rule 1 The Speaker shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful Rule 2 In all cases of election by the House the Speaker shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the House be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the Speaker shall vote and his vote so cast shall be counted the same as that of any other member Rule 3 When two or more members shall rise at the same time the Speaker shall name the person entitled to proceed Rules 4 All committees shall the Speaker unless otherwise House be appointed by ordered by the Rule 5 The method of stating a question or any motion by the Speaker after the same has been read to the House by the Clerk shall be as tollows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the Speaker or a division of the House is called for by any one member of the House the Speaker shall call upon the members in favor of the motion to rise ann after a count is had by the clerk he shall call upon the members to reverse their positions and the Speaker shall announce the result Discretion of Speaker When Speaker shall vote Bight of member to the floor to be decided by the Speaker Appointment of Committees Methods of stating a question by Speaker 130 Speaker may name members to preside Duty of Clerk when Speaker is absent Appeals from ruling of the Speaker When no debate on appeals Appeals to be made at once When members may address the House LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule 6 The Speaker may during a days sitting name any member to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the Speaker shall be absent the Speaker pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Clerk of the House shall call the House to Order ana shall preside until a Speaker pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the House The Speaker pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease Rule 8 Should any member of the House be dissatisfied with the ruling of the Speaker on any point he shall rise and respectfully address the Speaker and say I appeal from the decision of the Chair The Speaker will then state to the House the point ruled on and his decision on it and shall then put the question of appeal to the House as follows All in favor of the decision of the Chair standing as the sense of this House will say Aye Those opposed will say No and the decision of the House in sustaining or overruling the Speaker shall be final Rule 9 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate Rule 10 All appeals from the decision of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made Rule 11 Where debate is permissible on appeals from the decision of the Chair any member after being recognized by the Speaker may address his remarks directly to the House LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 131 Rule 12 The Speaker shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the House within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the House may see fit to take in the premises Rule 13 The Speaker shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the House cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of the House to be dealt with for contempt of the House Rule 14 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the House the Speaker may order the bar of the House to be closed and the roll of members called by the Clerk or the roll call system and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the House and if any member present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the House Rule 15 The Speaker may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the House discloses the fact that a quorum of the House has not voted Rule 16 All questions as to the priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the Speaker without debate ON DECORUM AND DEBATE Rule 17 When any member is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the House he shall rise and respectfully address himself to Power of Speaker to suspend subordinate officers When Speaker may order galleries and lobbies cleared No quorum voting duty of Speaker When Speaker may order vote taken by yeas and nays Decisions on questions of priority Conduct of members in debate 132 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Time extended how Expulsion Exception to words spoken Proviso Mr Speaker He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken No member shall be recognized by the Speaker unless said member shall be at his designated seat No member of the House shall occupy the floor longer than one 1 hour in debating any question unless otherwise ordered by the House and any motion to limit or extend the time of individual speeches shall be decided without debate No such motion shall prevail unless it shall receive the affirmative votes of twothirds of those voting Such motion may be made at any time that the movant thereof may legitimately obtain the floor If any member in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the House the Speaker shall call him to order in which case the member so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The House shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the House be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the House by a twothirds vote of the members which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays and recorded on the Journal of the House Rule 18 If any member be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Clerk and read then admitted denied or explained by the member who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the House may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at any time the House is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main questions have been LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 133 I exhausted or until such further time as may then I be ordered by the House But no member shall I be held to answer or be subject to the censure I of the House for words spoken in debate if any I other member has spoken or other business has I intervened after the words were spoken and beI fore the exception to them was taken Rule 19 The members of the House shall forI bear from private conversation and preserve I silence until a speaking member shall have taken I his seat Rule 20 The members shall avoid naming I each other when they may have occasion to take I notice of their observations but may designate I them by the place in which they may be or the I county they represent Rule 21 No member shall address the House I except as heretofore stated in case of appeals I or interrogate a member who is speaking except I through the Speaker and should the member I speaking decline to be interrupted the Speaker I shall cause the member desiring to interrogate to I be silent Rule 22 No member shall vote upon any I question in the result of which he is immediately and particularly interested In every case where I the seat of a member is being contested the sit ting member and the contestant shall both retire from the House before the vote is taken Each member shall vote from his own seat I when the ayes and nays are taken by the elec trie roll call and during such a vote no person shall be allowed upon the floor of the House except the members and attaches thereof No member or person shall vote for or attempt to vote for another member on any question or I proposition and the violation of this rule shall be I deemed to be disorderly behavior and subject to I punishment as provided by the Constitution and I Rules of the House Silence Mode of designating members House how addressed Questions and interruptions Shall not vote when interested in result 134 Protests Smoking and conversation prohibited Duty while member is speaking and at adjournment Matters transpiring in Senate Committees and private conversation not to be referred to Laudatory and disparaging remarks when forbidden Applause and hisses forbidden No debate during yeas and nays Only one motion can be made at a time LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule 23 Any member may enter a protest in writing against the action of the House said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the House nor any member thereof and such protest shall be entered by the Clerk upon the Journal of the House Rule 24 No member shall converse with any one over the bar of the House Rule 25 No member shall be permitted to enter upon the floor of the House or remain thereon in an intoxicated condition and the Messenger and the Doorkeepers of the House are specially charged with the rigid enforcement of this rule Rule 26 No member shall pass between the Chair and a member while he is speaking nor shall any member at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the Speaker retires Rule 27 No member shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another member or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the Senate Rule 28 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged Rule 29 Applause or hisses in the Representative chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed Rule 30 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had Rule 31 No member can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 135 being put to the House he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the Speaker Rule 32 No member shall be permitted to explain his vote during a roll call but may reduce his explanation to writing in not more than 200 words and when filed with the Clerk on the same day shall be spread upon the Journal Rule 33 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any member it shall be determined by a vote of the House and this motion shall be decided without debate Rule 34 Every member within the hall when a question is put shall vote unless he is immediately and particularly interested therein or the House shall excuse him A motion to excuse a member from voting must be made before the House divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the member making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail Rule 35 No member shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then make any motion the effect of which is to cut off debate without relinquishing the floor DIVISION OF A QUESTION Rule 36 Any member may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it Rule 37 The member calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself and be consistent and entire Explanation Reading of papers When members shall vote Motion to excuse when made Excuses from voting Call for a division Division how made 136 Qualifying paragraph exception and provision Strike out and insert not divisible Bills and resolutions called in order Proviso LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule 38 A qualifying paragraph an exception or a proviso if taken from that to which it belongs would not contain a distinct or entire proposition Rule 39 A motion to strike out and insert is an indivisible proposition Rule 40 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the numerical order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Clerk shall distinctly state its number and the name of the member by whom introduced provided that House and Senate bills and resolutions adversely reported shall not be taken up for a second reading except by request of the authors of such bill or resolution or some member of the House provided that the General Tax Bill and the General Appropriation Bill shall take precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said Bills shall have been finally disposed of In order that the proper numerical order may be accurately and fairly determined as between bills and resolutions it shall be the duty of the Clerk to place on each bill and resolution as same is read the first time a number following the numercial order in which said bills and resolutions are read the first time adopting one series of numbers and the same series of numbers for both bills and resolutions and not a separate series of number as heretofore practiced Rule 41 Every motion to suspend the rules for the purpose of taking up bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion to make special orders shall be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the House Rule 42 The Speaker shall not recognize any LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 137 member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter nor to read any bill or resolution the second time or any local bill or resolution a third time or to put any local bill or resolution upon its passage or to recommit a bill or resolution or to withdraw from one committee and recommit to another a bill or resolution except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal or after the reading of the Journal has been dispensed with The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to put any general bill or resolution upon its passage or to read such bill or resolution second time and recommit The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any time The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to make a special order or to change the order of business except that by unanimous consent an order of business may he fixed for the period of Unanimous Consents The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to cast his vote on any motion resolution amendment bill or other question nor shall any member be permitted to cast his vote on any motion resolution amendment bill or other question until the question is put to the House by the Speaker on viva voce vote or division of the House or until after the roll call has begun The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time Rule 43 The Rules of this House known as Constitutional rules shall in no case be suspended all other rules shall in no case be suspended Effect of unanimous consent Suspension of rules 138 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL No debate Bills etc when introduced nor changed nor the order of business be changed except by a vote of twothirds of the members voting Provided however that in order to so change or suspend the rules or change the order of business said twothirds so voting in favor of said change or suspension shall constitute a majority of the members of the whole House Rule 44 No suspension or changes or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition or suspension of these rules be first referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the House Provided however that immediately after the confirmation of the Journal on the day following the introduction in the House of the proposed change or addition to these rules the Committee on Rules shall report the same back to the House A failure to so report such proposed change or addition to these rules for two days shall automatically bring said proposed change or addition before the House for consideration Rule 45 Any motion to suspend rules or change the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate Provided however that whenever a report from the Committee on Rules is submitted to the House the questions arising on said report shall be debatable until the report of the Committee is agreed to or disagreed to or the main question is ordered There shall be no debate however on the report of the Committee on Rules during the last twentyone days of the session Rule 46 No bill and no resolution requiring the concurring vote of the Senate for passage shall be introduced unless the same shall have been filed in the office of the Clerk before 1000 A M of the previous day except that a bill or such resolution may be introduced on the second LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 139 day of any regular adjourned or special session if it shall have been filed in the office of the Clerk before 1200 noon of the first day of such session I Rule 47 No debate shall be admitted upon any Bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any Bill or Resolution or other matter requiring reference to a Committee the Speaker shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the House No bill or resolution shall be engrossed except upon the affirmative vote of twothirds of the members present No member shall be recognized at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to engross a bill or resolution When a motion to engross is made which mo tion may be made upon reading the bill the first j time and at no other time no debate shall be permitted except that the movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak i in opposition thereto for five minutes In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Clerk and the Bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed In cases where the report of a committee is favorable to I the passage of a bill the same shall be read a I second time and passed to a third reading without question Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Any bill may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the House No debate on first reading Effect of favorable report of committee Bills when withdrawn 140 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL When motion is made to refer a bill or resolution to a committee other than the one to which it is referred by the Speaker even though instructions be added no debate shall be permitted except that movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes No debate shall be permitted unless instructions are added All resolutions providing for appointment of committees of inquiry or investigation and any and all other resolutions not privileged except motions for information from the Executive Department and any other Department of the State Government shall be referred by the Speaker to the appropriate committee unless by order of the House referred to some other committee Adverse report of committee Transmission to Senate majority vote Rule 48 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the Senate on the day of the passage thereof unless twothirds of the members present shall so order Bills when printed Rule 49 The Clerk shall as soon as possible after any bill or resolution of General application is filed in his office cause the same to be printed and a copy thereof distributed to each member forthwith Whenever any such bill or resolution of general application shall be reported back by the committee to which it was referred with the recommendation that it do pass as amended the Clerk shall cause the amendments recommended to be printed and copies thereof to be distributed LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 141 to each member The House may at any time by a vote of a majority of a quorum suspend action upon any pending bill or resolution of general application until the substitutes and amendments offered thereto have been printed Rule 50 All proceedings touching the appropriating of money shall be considered in the Committee of the Whole House Rule 51 All bills and resolutions shall be in writing and shall have the name of the member introducing the same as well as the county he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same Rule 52 Where a bill or resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the House and in all cases the report of the Committee of the Whole House shall be first acted on by the House Rule 53 The Committee on Rulesduring the last twentyone days of each session shall arrange a calendar for each days business and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing Special Order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order fixed by such calendar except by a vote of a majority of all of the members elected Committee of the Whole House See Rule 106 et al Bills and Resolutions to be in writing How indorsed Reports of committees order of action 142 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Order of precedence to the House During the period of operation under this rule the calendar or order of business fixed by committee on rules shall be read by the clerk immediately after Confirmation of the Journal of each morning session and immediately after Call of the Roll of each afternoon session and any motion to amend such report either by striking inserting or changing the order shall be made within the first thirty minutes after the reading of such report After the reading of such report and announcement by the Speaker that it is in order for such motions to be made and no such motions being made the House shall proceed to business under the calendar so fixed after which no such motion shall be made during that session No such motion to amend the report of the Committee on Rules shall be debatable during the period of operation under this Rule PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS Rule 54 When any subject is before the House for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit 1st Motion to adjourn 2nd A motion to lay on table 3rd A motion for the previous question 4th A motion to adjourn to a time definite 5th A motion to postpone indefinitely 6th A motion to postpone to a day certain LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 143 7th A motion to commit 8th A motion to amend 9th A motion to print Which said motions shall have precedence in the order in which they stand as above arranged MOTION TO ADJOURN Rule 55 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the House A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended Rule 56 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the House is not actually engaged in other business is debatable Rule 57 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the member moving dt can legitimately obtain the floor Rule 58 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Clerk has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one member has been given or the Speaker has unlocked the roll call system for voting or after a division of the House has been Not debatable when may be renewed When made When made debatable When not in order 144 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced but in such cases the rollcall shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced before a motion to adjourn shall be in order Effect of adjournment Rule 59 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the House to the next sitting day or time in course Hour of adjournment What business postponed Rule 60 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the House is being taken by yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the House is acting on the main question after the main question has been ordered and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the House shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table MOTIONS TO LAY ON TABLE Rule 61 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order How Matters may be taken from table Rule 62 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the House is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken up the LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 145 same is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar Rule 63 If the motion to lay on the table prevails it removes from the consideration of the House the measure together with all the motions attached to it at the time it is so disposed of Rule 64 When the proposition is again taken from the table it stands before the House in the exact form with all the motions pertaining to it just as it did at the time the motion to lay on the table prevailed Rule 65 After a yea and nay vote is called on any bill or resolutionthe House not acting at the time under the previous questionand one vote has been recorded or the Speaker has unlocked the roll call system for voting no motion to table shall be in order until the rollcall shall have been completed When any bill or resolution is tabled after the completion of the rollcall and then taken from the table nothing can be done except to announce the result of said vote as shown by said rollcall at the time said bill or resolution was tabled Rule 66 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes Rule 67 Neither the motion to lay on the Effect of vote to table Effect of vote to take from table No motion to table in order until rollcall is completed When renewed Not debatable or amendable 146 What can be tabled When in order Effect of previous question LEGISLATIVE MANUAL table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable Rule 68 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again Rule 69 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted on the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION Rule 70 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except a motion to adjourn or to lay on the table but neither of said motions shall be made but once until after the previous question has been exhausted and when it is moved the question shall be Shall the motion for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority of a quorum in the affirmative and the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum all other motions except one to reconsider the action in ordering the main question will be out of order and the House cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives But no motion to reconsider the action of the House in ordering the main question shall be in order after the Clerk has called the first name on call of the ayes and nays and the vote of any member has been given or the Speaker has unlocked the roll call system for voting or after a division of the House has been had on the vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced in such cases the roll call shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 147 Rule 71 When the previous question has been ordered the House shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate Where the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such members as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule This rule shall not be construed to allow the twenty minutes above referred to to be used but once on any bill or measure and then on the final passage of the bill or measure Rule 72 After the main question is ordered any member may call for a division of the House in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays if the call for the yeas and nays is sustained by onefifth of the members voting the vote shall be taken by the yeas and nays and so entered on the Journal Rule 73 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the House to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved Rule 74 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any question if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the Twenty minutes debate allowed Vote how taken Effect of main question being ordered Contested Election LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 148 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report How Called and Ordered Rule 75 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection Call of the House when in order Rule 76 A call of the House shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the Speaker that a quorum is not present Question of order Rule 77 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate Effect MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE Rule 78 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session Not amendable Rule 79 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended When cannot be applied Rule 80 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 149 this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule Rule 81 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has been voted down MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN Rule 82 The motion to postpone a bill resolution or other measure to a day certain when decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum removes the subject from before the House until the time designated and makes it a privileged question for that day so selected Rule 83 If the motion to postpone a bill a resolution or other measure is decided in the negative it leaves the question before the House as it was before the motion was made and it cannot be moved a second time on same day or at the same stage of the proceeding Rule 84 This motion to postpone to a day certain may be amended by substituting one day for another In this case the time would be treated as a blank and the Speaker should treat these propositions as he would those to fill blanks Rule 85 If a day designated is known to be beyond the session the Speaker shall treat the motion as though it had been a motion to indefinitely postpone the subject Rule 86 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of Not renewed Effect of negative vote May be amended To a day beyond the session Debate when and bow allowed 150 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another It shall be the duty of the Speaker to hold members rigidly to these points Motion how applied Rule 87 This motion cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but must be applied to the whole bill resolution or other measure before the House and when it prevails it carries forward the whole proposition and its appendages to the day named Motion to commit MOTIONS TO COMMIT Rule 88 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee or committee of the whole House Precedence of Rule 89 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on but where a motion is made that a bill resolution or other measure be committed to the committee of the whole House this motion shall be put before either of the above named motions When debatable Rule 90 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated How amended Rule 91 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the member making the motion LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 151 Rule 92 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum MOTIONS TO AMEND Rule 93 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit 1st By inserting or adding words 2nd By striking out words 3rd By striking out and inserting words An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment Rule 94 A substitute is simply an amendment it is in effect a motion to strike out all after the enacting clause of a bill or the word Resolved in a resolution and insert that offered as a substitute Rule 95 When a bill or resolution is before the House for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the House to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute Rule 96 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to which was Motion to recommit Amendments how made Substitute Bill first perfected then the substitute When too late to amend 152 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Must be in writing referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the House unless said action of the House in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered Rule 97 All motions to amend any matter before the House must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added Priority Rule 98 On all questions whether in committee or in the House the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put Blanks Rule 99 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend Caption when amended Rule 100 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected Amending by sections Rule 101 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the House shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Clerk in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Clerk without any motion being made in the House and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur and amend it LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 153 Rule 102 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment Rule 103 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Clerk shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended Rule 104 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a part of a bill or resolution any amendment offered to perfect the part proposed to be stricken shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out Rule 105 When any bill or resolution which originated in the House has been amended in the Senate and is before the House for action on the Senate amendment an amendment may be offered in the House to the Senate amendment but the House amendment to the Senate amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down Rule 106 A motion to amend an amendment made by the Senate to the House bill or resolution takes precedence over a motion to agree to disagree to said amendment Rule 107 The questions which arise before the House respecting amendments by the Senate to a House bill or resolution are 1st A motion to agree to the Senate amendment 2nd A motion to disagree to the Senate amendment Amendments by striking out and inserting Priority of amendment to perfect Amending Senate Amendments See Rule 125 Priority Priority of questions on Senate amendments LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 154 3rd A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment 4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment 5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment They take precedence in the above order The Speaker is authorized on his own motion or upon point or order being made when in his opinion a Senate Amendment to a House Bill is not germane or if adopted would render the bill unconstitutional to rule out such amendment the effect of which ruling of the Speaker if not appealed from or if appealed from and the appeal not sustained shall be the same as a vote of the House to disagree and as such the Clerk shall report it to the Senate Such point of order shall take precedence over a motion to agree Provided that when any question of disagreement with the Senate arises the following motions shall be in order at any time the movant can legally obtain the floor and debate thereon limited as in the case of reconsideration 1st a motion to insist upon the House position 2nd a motion to recede from the House position which motions shall be put in order listed subject to disposition by the House of any amendments or substitutes affecting the matter in disagreement Majority necessary to adopt Senate Amendment or Conference Committee Report Rule 107A In order to adopt a Senate Amendment to a House bill or resolution and in order to adopt a report of a conference committee the said amendment or conference committee report must receive a majority vote of the LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 155 entire membership elected to the House of Representatives Any rule contravening the letter or spirit of this Rule is hereby repealed RECONSIDERATION Rule 108 When the Journal of the preceding Motion to day shall be read it shall be in the power of any reconsider member whether said member previously voted m the affirmative or negative on the matter sought to be reconsidered to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter as has been previously reconsidered provided such member shall notify the House of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed Provided further that the action of the House on Senate amendments shall be in order for reconsideration immediately and not otherwise Rule 110 No matter shall be reconsidered wheithere ore than atioo may be one be in order immediately after the order of unani ordermous consent on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action Rule 112 The action of the House upon an Aendments amendment may be reconsidered atxany time be considered within which it might originally have Shall not be withdrawn when been made may be o reconsideration Rule 111 Motions for reconsideration shall When In LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 156 fore final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates Rule 113 All bills reconsidered shall take P1ce of their place at the foot of the calendar of bills caen ar then in order for a third reading COMMITTEE ON THE WHOLE HOUSE w Rule 114 The Speaker may resolve the House by Ieakere into a Committee of the Whole without a motion being made therefor whenever a bill or resolution shall be in order for consideration on its See Rule 43 third reading before the House which is required by the rules of this House to be considered in the Committee of the Whole Rule 115 The House may resolve itself into When a Committee of the Whole House by a majority thHouse f a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose provided however that notice of intention to make such motion shall be given during the session of the preceding day individual speeches on such motion being limited to three minutes If such notice shall not have been given the motion shall prevail if it shall receive the affirmative votes of twothirds of those voting and which twothird shall also constitute a majority of all of the members elected to the House and provided further whenever the House either by its own vote or by unanimous consent shall commit any bill or resolution to Committee of the Whole House and subsequently a motion shall be made to resolve the House into Committee of the Whole to consider such bill or resolution and suchmotion shall be lost the said motion shall not be again renewed but it shall be the duty of the Speaker to require the LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 157 Clerk to read the bill or resolution again on the following days session under the order of Introduction of New Matter or Reading of Bills the First Time and to refer such bill or resolution to the appropriate committee unless otherwise ordered by the House provided however that for the consideration of the General Tax Bill and General Appropriation Bill the House may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose and no previous notice shall be necessary Rule 116 In forming a Committee of the Whole House the Speaker shall leave the chair and a Chairman to preside in committee shall be appointed by the Speaker Rule 117 In the Committee of the Whole bills shall be first read throughout by the Clerk and then again be read or debated by clauses or sections leaving the preamble to be last considered unless otherwise ordered Rule 118 The Rules of the House shall be observed by the Committee of the Whole so far as they may be applicable except that it can not refer a matter to any other committee it can not adjourn the previous question can not be enforced a motion to lay on the table or indefinitely postpone shall not be in order a member may speak as often as he may obtain the floor no call of the House shall be in order nor shall any vote be taken by yeas and nays Rule 119 If at any time in the Committee of the Whole it shall be desired to close the debate or to limit the time to be allowed members for speaking the committee may rise and report its How formed Proceedings Rule in committee Debate how closed 158 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL desire to the House and the House shall take such action thereon as it may see fit by a resolution agreed for that purpose said resolution shall apply only to the subjectmatter before said committee and when said resolution has been agreed to or refused by the House the action of the House shall be deemed the sense of the committee and the House may then on motion again resolve itself into Committee of the Whole and continue the consideration of the subject Time of how extended Rule 120 In the event that a Committee of the Whole House at any sitting shall for want of time fail to complete any matter under consideration it may on motion at any time in the committee made rise report progress and have leave to sit again generally or at a day certain Motion to rise etc Rule 121 A motion that the committee rise and report progress and ask leave to sit again can be made at any time when the mover thereof can legitimately obtain the floor and shall take precedence over all other motions and shall be decided without debate and when it prevails the committee shall immediately rise and when the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the committee shall automatically rise and the Speaker shall assume the Chair Reconsid eration Rule 122 A motion to reconsider shall be in order in Committee of the Whole Duty of Chairman when no quorum is present Rule 123 The Committee of the Whole shall not proceed with the business before it whenever a vote on any question shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present Whenever it is suggested that a quorum is not present the Chairman of the committee shall satisfy himself of the fact by actual count of the com LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 159 mittee and report the same to the committee and the Chairman shall on his own motion order that the committee immediately rise and he shall report the fact of the absence of a quorum to the House Rule 124 The Speaker may in Committee of the Whole take part in the proceedings and he as well as all other members shall vote on all questions before the committee unless excused therefrom and no pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed in the Committee of the Whole Rule 125 Amendments proposed by the Committee of the Whole may be amended or rejected by the House and matters stricken out by the committee may be restored by the House Rule 126 A Committee of the Whole House can not punish disorderly conduct of its members but must report the same to the House for action thereon Rule 127 The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole shall have power to have the galleries or lobbies cleared in case of any disorderly conduct therein Rule 128 When the Committee of the Whole has disposed of the bill resolutions or other measures before it by motion and question it shall rise and the Chairman will be instructed to report the action of the Committee to the House At this point the Speaker will resume his seat and the Chairman will return to the floor and will state in substance as follows Mr Speaker the Committee of the Whole House All members shall vote unless excused Amendments Disorderly conduct reported Chairman may order galleries cleared Proceedings of when business before it is finished 160 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Record have had under consideration naming what and have instructed me as their Chairman to report the same back to the House with the recommendation that the same do pass or do pass as amended or do not pass as the case may be The Speaker will receive this report and repeat the same and the matter will then be before the House for action just as though reported by any other Committee Rule 129 The proceedings of the Committee of the Whole shall not be recorded in the Journal of the House except so far as reported to the House by the Chairman of said committee Papers may be called for Rule 130 When in the Committee of the Whole any papers in the possession of the House may be called for by any member and read by the Clerk for the information of the committee unless the committee shall otherwise order Reports shall contain result of committees action Rule 131 Amendments offered to an amendment in the Committee of the Whole shall not be reported to the House but the report shall contain only the result of the committees action on the bill resolution or measure under consideration before it Morning rollcall dispensed with by twothirds vote ABSENTEES Rule 132 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the House and also the reading of the Journal shall not be dispensed with except by a vote of twothirds of the members present The motion to dispense with the roll call and to dispense with the reading of the Journal shall be decided without debate Roll call system may be used to call the roll the members using the aye switch to signify their presence LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 161 Rule 133 Upon the call of all the members ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Clerk and shall appear upon the Journal And it shall be the duty of the Clerk to keep a separate list of the absentees from each days proceedings which list shall be entered upon the Journal and shall show which of said absentees are absent without leave and of those absent with leave which are absent for providential causes and which for business reasons which said separate list shall be read in the House with the Journal upon which the same is entered COMPELLING ATTENDANCE Rule 134 The power to compel the attendance of members in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the Speaker and to this end he may have the doors of the House closed When the doors are so closed no member shall be allowed to retire from the House without first obtaining leave from the House The Messenger of the House shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the House and on order of the Speaker may arrest any absentees and bring them before the House when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid CALL OF THE HOUSE Rule 135 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present or when the Speaker shall officially state the fact to the House it shall be m order for any member to make a motion for a Names of absentees noted Power to compel attendance Sergeant atarms 162 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL call of the House and when this motion is made the Speaker shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the House prevail and if fifteen of the members present shall vote in the affirmative the Speaker shall order the Clerk to call the roll of members and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by order of the majority of the members present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by the officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the House shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged What is a quorum Compelling attendance QUORUM Rule 136 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4 Oath of members Rule 137 Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 163 Rule 138 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14 Rule 139 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6 Rule 140 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12 Rule 141 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal Art 3 Sec 7 Par 19 Rule 142 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days m each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only The third readmg of local bills must be full and complete Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7 Rule 143 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House Majority required to pass bill Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays Revenue bills Reading of bills LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 164 of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10 Rule 144 No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or matter etc contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8 An amend Rule 145 No law or section of the Code shall ment to laws foe amended or repealed by mere reference to its and seetions title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16 General laws how varied Consent and when required Corpora tions Rule 146 Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provisons have been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the consent writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1 Rule 147 The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies except banking surance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 165 nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such power shall be exercised by the courts Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17 Rule 148 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18 Rule 149 The General Appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriation fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public debt and interest thereon and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9 Rule 150 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them Art 3 Sec 7 Par 22 Rule 151 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear Powerdelegated to courts Belief of recognizance What the general appropriation bill shall contain Other appropriations by separate bills Adjourn ments 166 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Elections Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote Regular session limited to 40 days on the Journal of the House of Representatives I When the Senate and House of Representatives I unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet I in the Representative Hall and the President of I the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare I result Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1 Rule 152 No bill or ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall I have been rejected by either House shall be I again proposed during the same session under I the same or any other title without the consent I of twothirds of the House by which the same I was rejected Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13 Rule 153 The General Assembly shall meet I in regular session on the second Monday in Jan I uary 1955 and annually thereafter on the same I day until the date shall be changed by law By I concurrent resolution adopted by a majority of I members elected to both houses the General As I sembly may adjourn any regular session to such I later date as it may fix for reconvening in regu I lar session but shall remain in regular session I no longer than forty 40 days in the aggregate I in each year during the term for which the mem I bers were elected All business pending in the I Senate or House at the adjournment of any regu I lar session may be considered at any later regular I session held in the same year as if there had been I no adjournment Nothing herein shall be con I strued to affect the power of the Governor to I convoke the General Assembly in extraordinary I session or the duty of the Governor to convene I the General Assembly in extraordinary session I upon the certificate of three fifths of the mem I LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 167 bers elected to the Senate and the House of Representatives as provided in Article V Section I Paragraph XII of this Constitution If an impeachment trial is pending at the end of any regular or extraordinary session the Senate may continue in session until such trial is completed Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3 Rule 154 Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have the power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1 Rule 155 No provision in the Constitution of this State for a twothirds vote of both houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of the twothirds vote required to override the veto to submit constitutional amendments and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21 Rule 156 The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation Elections Disorderly conduct Expulsion by twothirds vote Signature of Governor when required Governors veto 168 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Effect of twothirds vote thereon and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House Art 5 Sec 1 Par 15 When Governor must approve Rule 157 Every note resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16 Twothirds vote required Rule 158 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly Art 11 Sec 1 Par 9 Twothirds vote required on amendments to Constitution Rule 159 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 169 majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1 Rule 160 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the Genera Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2 Rule 161 The Justices of the Supreme Court each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 8000 per annum the Judges of the Court of Appeals each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 8000 per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 6000 per annum and the Solicitors General shall each have out of the treasury of the State a salary of 250 per annum with th right of the General Assembly to authorize any county to supplement the salary of a judge of the Superior Court and Solicitor General of the Judicial Circuit in which such county lies out of county funds provided however where such salary was at the time of the adoption of the Constitution of this State being supplemented out of county funds under existing laws such laws shall remain in force until altered by the General Assembly Provided further that the Twothirds vote required to call a convention How called Salaries of judges LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 170 Board of County Commissioners of Richmond County or the Ordinary or such other board or persons as may from time to time have charge of the fiscal affairs of said county shall without further legislative action continue to supplement from said Countys treasury the salary of the Judge of Superior Court of the circuit of which the said County of Richmond is a part by the sum of Two Thousand Dollars 2000 per annum which shall be in addition to the amount received by said judge out of the State treasury and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said County and such payment shall be made to the judge in office at the time of the adoption of the Constitution of this State during his term or subsequent terms as well as to his successors with the authority in the General Assembly to increase such salary from the County treasury as above provided Art 6 Sec 12 Par 1 and Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1 Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be submitted before passage of same Rule 162 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the newspaper in which the Sheriffs advertisements for the locality affected are published once a week for three weeks during a period of sixty days immediately preceding its introduction into the General Assembly No local or special bill shall become law unless there is attached to and made a part of said bill a copy of said notice certified by the publisher or accompanied by an affidavit of the author to the effect that said notice has been published as provided by law No office to which a person has been elected shall be abolished nor the term of the office shortened or lengthened by local or special bill during the term for which such person of the jurisdiction affected in a referendum on the question Where LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 171 any local law shall add any member or members to any municipal or county governing authority the members of which are elected by the people such local law must provide that the member or members so added must be elected by a majority vote of the qualified voters of the political subdivision affected Art 3 Sec 7 Par 15 MISCELLANEOUS RULES Rule 163 When a message shall be sent to the House of Representatives it shall be announced at the door of the House by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the chair by the person through whom it may be sent Rule 164 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce is being taken A message shall be presented to the House by the Speaker when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business in which the House is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the House Rule 165 After a motion is stated by the Speaker or read by the Clerk it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the House but may be withdrawn at any time before the decision by the unanimous consent of the House Rule 166 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as Messages Messages when received and considered Motions Petitions memorials etc 172 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL practicable intimate the name and object of the petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading Committees Rule 167 The several standing committees of the House shall have leave to report by bill or otherwise The report of the Committee on Rules is in order at any time when the House is not actually engaged in other business Clerk Rule 168 The Clerk of the House shall take an oath for the true and faithful discharge of the duties of his office to the best of his knowledge and abilities and shall be deemed to continue in office until another be elected Clerk Rule 169 The Clerk shall take special care of the books provided for the use of the House Duties of Committee on Auditing Enrolling and Engrossing Journals Rule 170 The Committee on Auditing Enrolling and Engrossing Journals shall carefully compare enrolled bills and resolutions and correcting any errors that may be discovered in the enrolled bills or other papers make their report forthwith to their respective Houses Motions not privileged Rule 171 Verification of a roll call vote can be dispensed with only by unanimous consent the Speaker shall not entertain a motion to that effect When the roll call system is used no verification of the roll call vote is required LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 173 Rule 172 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Clerk shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting Rule 173 When a motion is made by any member it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the House Rule 174 After the announcement of the standing committee no other members shall be placed thereon except when members have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the Speaker may assign said members to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships Rule 175 No person shall be entitled to enter upon the floor of the house except 1 Members and Officers thereof 2 Members and Officers of the Senate 3 Members of the Press Telegraph and Press Associations Radio and Television Stations and News Reel Photographers who bear proper credentials Identification cards signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk shall be issued to all persons entitled to privileges of the floor under this rule The Doorkeeper of the House is specifically charged with the duty of enforcing this rule The right is automatically reserved to the Not necessary to second motion Committees how and when engaged Privileges on the floor 174 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Privileges of the floor Duty of Committee on Auditing Enrolling and Engrossing Journals Members to receipt Clerk for books and papers Adjournment and meeting Motion for yeas and nays not debatable Signature of Speaker and Clerk Duty of Messenger Speaker to refuse the issuance of or to revoke cards requested or issued to nonmembers of the House and Senate Wives and children of the members of the House may be admitted on the floor of the House provided they shall not be seated at the desk of any member No person shall be admitted on the floor of the House who is engaged in lobbying or who is attempting to influence legislation Rule 176 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Auditing Enrolling and Engrossing Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the House that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Clerk Rule 177 No member shall take any books or papers from the possession of the House or Clerk without first acquainting the Clerk and giving him a receipt to return the same in a reasonable time or on his demand Rule 178 The House shall convene at 10 a m Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the House The hour of adjournment to be fixed by a majority of said House on motion without debate Rule 179 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate Rule 180 All Acts and joint resolutions shall be signed by the Speaker and Clerk and all writs warrants and subpoenas issued by order of the House shall be signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk Rule 181 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the House while in LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 175 I session to aid in the enforcement of order unI der the direction of the Speaker to execute the demands of the House from time to time toI gether with all such processes issued under its I authority as may be directed to him by the I Speaker Rule 182 The Messenger under the direction I of the Clerk shall superintend the distribution I by the Pages of all documents and papers to be I distributed to the members he shall distribute to I the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them Rule 183 No Committee of the Whole or other committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said comI mittee but shall report any amendment recomI mended on a separate paper noting the section I page or line to which said amendment relates Rule 184 No pairing of members shall be I recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting Rule 185 Whenever any member moves that I a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the I Speaker shall appoint a committee on the part of the House and in such case the committee shall consist of only such members as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the House and if by inadvertence any member be nominat Messengers duty in distributing documents etc Interlineation forbidden Pairing Committee on conference 176 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL ed on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the House and be excused by the Speaker Authority of Conference Committees Rule 185A All conference committee reports shall be printed and distributed to the members prior to consideration of the same unless the printing of the same be dispensed with by a majority vote of all members elected to the House Amend ments Rule 186 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the House it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the House but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment Majority and minority reports Rule 187 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent Each committee shall wherever practical include with their report on each general bill or resolution a brief resume of the bill and the reasons for the action taken by the Committee If the Committee shall so order the Clerk shall have such report printed and distributed to the members of the House What motions lie on table Rule 188 Every motion for information from the Executive Department or any other Department of the State Government shall lie on the table one day and on the following day such LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 177 motion shall be deemed privileged and shall be in order for immediate consideration at the request of the author or any other members of the House Rule 189 On the call of the yeas and nays the Clerk shall read the names of the members changing after they have been called and no member shall votes be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question When the roll call system is used this rule shall not be applicable Rule 190 Questions of privilege shall be Questions of first those affecting the rights of the House col privilege lectively its safety dignity and the integrity of Proviso its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of members individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence over all other questions except a motion to adjourn Provided that when any matter is before the House no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question shall be disposed of Rule 191 In all elections a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice Rule 192 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing Rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies Rule 193 The Auditing Enrolling and Engrossing Journals Committee shall before auditing the account of any member for expenses of a committeeman or any account prescribed by a member for any expense incurred in discharge of 178 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL any duty as a member of this House require of such an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item of said account ORDER OF BUSINESS Rule 194 The following shall be the order of business 1 Scripture Reading and Prayer by Chaplain 2 Call of the Roll 3 Report of the Committee on the Journal 4 Reading of the Journal 5 Confirmation of the Journal and Resolutions PPl to introduce two copies of each bill or resolution one to be filed in the office of the Speaker by the Clerk and the other to be given to the press 9 First Reading and Reference of House Bills and Resolutions 10 Report of Standing Committees 11 Second Reading of Bills and Resolutions Favorably Reported 6 Unanimous Consents 7 Motions to Reconsider 8 Introduction of Bills momhpr is rfinnested LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 12 Third Reading and Passage of Uncontested Local Bills and Resolutions 13 First Reading and Reference of Senate Bills and Resolutions 14 Unfinished Business of Previous Session 15 Orders of the Day 16 Senate Amendments to House Bills and Resolutions and Reports of Conference Committees 17 House Bills and Resolutions for Third Reading 18 Unless otherwise Ordered by the House Senate Bills and Resolutions for Third Reading or on the Calendar for the Purpose of Disagreeing to an Adverse Committee Report shall be Called on Thursdays 19 The Reports of the Committee on Auditing Enrolling and Engrossing Journals May be Made at Any Time 20 General Bills and Resolutions Otherwise in Order for Reconsideration on Friday or Saturday Shall Stand over Until the Following Monday LEGISLATIVE MANUAL COMMITTEES Rule 195 The Speaker shall appoint the following committees 1 Agriculture 2 Appropriations 3 Auditing Enrolling Engrossing Journals 4 Banks and Banking 5 Defense and Veterans Affairs 6 Education 7 Highways 8 Hygiene and Sanitation 9 Industrial Relations 10 Industry 11 Insurance 12 Interstate Cooperation 13 Judiciary 14 Local Affairs 15 Motor Vehicles 16 Natural Resources 17 Rules 18 Special Judiciary 19 State Institutions Property 20 State of Republic 21 Temperance 22 University System of Georgia 23 Ways and Means 24 Welfare LEGISLATIVE MANUAL No member of the House shall be appointed to or serve on more than 3 regular committees of the House with the exception of the Committee on Interstate Cooperation The Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Ways and Means and the Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Ways and Means shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations Rule 196 Whenever any bill or resolution has been referred to a committee and the same has been held in the custody or control of such committee for ten days without reporting on same the author of such bill or any member of the House shall have the right immediately after the confirmation of the Journal to give notice that on the next regular meeting of the House he will submit a motion instructing such committee to report such bill back to the House after which on the next regular meeting day of the House any member of the House immediately after the confirmation of the Journal may move to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House and if the motion prevails it shall be the duty of such committee to report such bill or resolution accordingly with or without recommendation as the case may be at the next regular session and upon failure of said Committee to report such bill accordingly the same shall automatically be returned to the House for consideration Debate 182 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL on said motion to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House shall be limited to twenty minutes unless otherwise ordered by the House and when such bill or resolution is so reported or returned to the House it may be referred or committed as other bills or resolutions Provided that any motion or resolution to set a special order or to change the order of business for any particular day which has been referred to the Committee on Rules may be held in the custody and control of such committee only three days instead of ten days under this rule It shall be the duty of the committee to which any measure providing for an appropriation is referred to report such bill or measure back to the House at least fifteen days prior to the last day of the session regardless of any such notice or motion by the author or any other member Rule 197 In drawing for seats all members except those who have been permitted by the House to select seats without drawing shall retire to the rear of the Hall The names of all counties printed on separate slips of paper shall be deposited in a box and the box placed on the Clerks desk The names of the counties shall be drawn separately from the box and announced by the Clerk from his desk When the name of a county is announced the member or members from that county shall come forward to the Clerks desk and secure a desk LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 183 card with name and county printed thereon and then proceed to select his seat All desks shall be arranged in their proper position on the floor of the House and no desk shall be moved or changed The Speaker shall have the right to reserve seats for the chairmen of the committees on Appropriations and Ways and Means and for the vicechairman of Committee on Rules before the drawing for seats Rule 198 The Speaker is authorized to employ some person well skilled in legislative draughtsmanship as special clerk for the Committee on Auditing Enrolling and Engrossing Journals It shall be the duty of such special clerk to examine every bill or resolution that is ready for engrossing or enrollment and to suggest to the committee any corrections or additions to either the caption or the bill that are necessary to perfect the same The per diem of such special clerk shall be fixed by the Speaker Rule 199 In all rules providing for the taking of ayes and nays the electrical roll call system shall be used and shall have the force and effect of a roll call taken as provided in these rules In the event the electrical roll call system is out of operating order the Speaker shall order a viva voce roll call On all other questions or propositions the Speaker may in his discretion order a roll call on the electric roll call system 184 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL When the House is ready to vote upon a question requiring a roll call and the vote is by electrical roll call the Speaker shall state The question is on designating the matter to be voted upon All in favor of such question shall vote aye and all opposed shall vote nay The Speaker shall then unlock the voting machine When sufficient time has elapsed for each member to vote the Speaker shall say Have all members voted and after a short pause shall state Does any member desire to change his vote before the machine is locked The Speaker shall then lock the machine and state The Clerk will now take the vote After the machine is locked by the Speaker no member may change his vote and the votes of tardy members will not be recorded The Speaker shall then announce the results LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 185 INDEX TO STANDING RULES OF Georgia House of Representatives ABSENTEES Rule No Auditing Enrolling and Engrossing Journals Committee duty as to 133 Clerks duty as to1 133 Roll Call dispensed with when 132 ADJOURN MOTION TO Committee of whole not in order in 118 Definite time debatable when 56 Effect when motion prevails 59 Motion not debatable 55178 Motion not amendable 55 Motion when in order 57 Motion when not in order 58 Precedence of motion 54 Shall not be made second time until when 55 ADJOURNMENT Constitutional time limita 150 Courtesy to speaker at time of 26 Effect ofy 59 Effect when hour of arrives when House acting under previous question 60 Effect when hour of arrives during vote by yeas and nays 60 Hour of fixed by House 178 ADVERSE REPORT Bills and resolutions adversely reported taken up when 40 186 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule No Debate on final passage Effect of on billsg 4 AMENDMENTS Applicable to an amendment Bills or resolutions amended by sections Bill perfected before caption or preamble Bills perfected before substitute Blanks must be filled Clerks duty in amending by striking out and inserting Committee of whole action on Committee of whole what reported to House Germane must be Motion to amend how made Motion to commit amendable Motion to postpone indefinitely not amendable Motion to postpone to time definite amendable Motion to table amendment not in order Motion to table not amendable Must be in writing Precedence of motion to amend8 93 101 100 95 99 103 125 131 102 93 91 79 84 61 67 97 54 Priority of amendments Priority of amendments to perfect part proposed to be stricken Priority of over motion to agree or disagree Priority of questions on Senate Amendments to H B Priority of on passage of billtl Senate amendments to H B House amendments in order Senate majority vote to adopt Reconsidered when Substitute is an amendmentIP When in order When too late 104 106 107 186 105 107a 112 94 186 96186 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 187 AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION Rule No Submission to people 159 Convention called 160 APPEALS From Speakers decision 8 Members may address House 11 No debate when of personal character 9 To be made at once 10 APPLAUSE Speakers right to suppress 29 APPROPRIATIONS General bill right of way 40 Governors power over 156 Considered in committee of whole 50 House must originate 143 ATTENDANCE Call of House 135 Messengers duty i 134 Power to compel134135 Speakers duty y 134 AUDITING ENROLLING AND ENGROSSING JOURNALS COMMITTEE Absentees duty as to 133 Accounts of members duty as to 193 Duties of170198 BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Amendments and substitutes bill first perfected 95 Amendments by sections 101 Amendments to Code sections 145 188 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule Amendments to passed on before those to caption or preamble jgj Appropriations House must originate Clerk to state number and author when reading Clerk to call in order on calendar Committee of whole how read Committee reports favorable effect of Committee reports unfavorable effects of Committee reports order of precedence Corporations laws relating to Engrossment effect of General appropriations what to embrace General laws how changedi Governors approval necessary Governors failure to return Governors veto Immediate transmission when Introduction when Printed when H Reconsideration effect of Rejected when again considered Relief of principals and sureties Requirements for Speakers duty to commit Special laws prohibited when Subjectmatter only one and expressed m title Unanimous consent for reading Withdrawal of when Majority necessary to pass4 Debate none at first reading Constitutional requirements as to reading Reading of unanimous consent Reading first no debate Reading constitutional requirement CALL OF HOUSE Committee of whole not in order Contempt refusal to vote on No 100 143 40 40 117 47 47 52 147 47 149 146 157 156 156 48 46 49 113 152 148 51 47 146 144 42 47 138 47 142 42 47 142 118 14 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 189 Rule No When in order14135 When not in order 76 CAPTION Not considered until bill perfected 100 CHANGE OF VOTES How done and when 189 CLERK Absence of speaker and speaker pro tern duty of 7 Absentees duty of 133 Amendments striking out and inserting duty of 103 Bills and resolutions how read committee of whole 117 Bills and resolutions called in order from calendar 40 Bills and resolutions name and authors stated 40 Books duty to care for169177 Journal names not voting duty to enter 172 Oath of prescribed 168 CODE SECTIONS Amendments to Constitutional requirements 145 COMMITTEES Amendments by take precedence 186 Appointed by speaker 4195 Bills not to be interlined or defaced by 183 Chairmen Appropriations and Ways and Means Ex Officio Members 196 Conference how constituted 185 Report of Conference majority vote 107a Conference authority limited8 185a Defaulting committee provision as to 197 190 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule No Enlarged how h Failure of to report provision as to 196 Membership limited 195 Reports of order of precedence 52 Reports of required 196 Reports must be in writing 187 Speaker exofficio member of Rules 4 Speaker to appoint certain committees 4195 Rules committee how elected 4 COMMIT MOTION TO Amended how 91 Applicable to what 8892 Committee of whole not in order 118 Precedence of as among other motions 54 Precedence of as among motions to commit to different committees 89 COMMITTEE OF WHOLE HOUSE Amendments by action by House 125 Amendments to amendments how reported to House 131 Appropriation bills considered in 50 Bills read and debated by sections 117 Call of House not in order 118 Chairman appointed by Speaker 116 Chairman power to clear galleries or lobby 127 Debate how limited and closed 119 Disorderly conduct reported 126 Extension of time how secured 120 Formation of 110 House may resolve itself into when 115 Interlineation of bills or resolutions prohibited 183 Journal not show proceedings 129 Members shall vote 124 Motion to commit to precedence 89 Motion to rise report progress and ask leave to sit again 121 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 191 Rule No Papers called for 130 Proceedings how closed 121 Proceedings not reported in Journal 129 Procedure when business finished 128 Quorum not present procedure 123 Reconsideration in order 122 Reports of precedence 52 Rules applicable to and exceptions 118 Speaker may resolve House into when 114 Speaker may take part 124 Speaker chairman appointed by 116 CONSTITUTIONAL RULES Adjournments limited 150 Amendments to Code sections 145 Amendments to Constitution 159 Appropriation Bills House must originate 143 Appropriation Bill General what to embrace 149 Appropriations Journal to show yeas and nays 140 Bills majority necessary to pass 138 Bills reading of 142 Bills rejected when again considered 152 Bills subjectmatter expressed in title 144 Bills only one subjectmatter permitted 144 Constitutional convention how called 160 Corporations power of General Assembly over 147 County sites how changed or removed 157 Date of meetings fixed 153 Elections by General Assembly 151 Expulsion of members twothirds vote necessary 154 General laws how changed 146 General appropriation bill what to embrace 149 Governor failure to return bills 156 Governors signature when required155157 Governors veto 156 House judges of election and qualification of members 154 Journal must show majority vote 138 192 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule No Journal must show yeas and nays when required 139140141 Local and special bills notice required 162 Members power to punish misconduct of 154 Members oath of prescribed 137 Quorum defined 136 Relief of principals and sureties 148 Salaries of certain officials how changed 161 Special laws prohibited when 146 Subjectmatter bills to contain but one 144 Subjectmatter must be expressed in title 144 Veto of Governor 156 Yeas and nays required when139140141 Yeas and nays Journal to show on Apps 140 Yeas and nays Journal to show where twothirds vote required 141 CONTEMPT Refusal to vote unless excused on call of House 14 CONTEST Contestant and conteste to retire when vote taken 22 CONVERSATION Prohibited 1924 COUNTY SITE How changed or removed 158 DEBATE Adjournment decided without 178 Bills first reading no debate 47 Committee of whole regulated118119 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 193 Rule No Committee happenings reference to out of order 27 Conversations reference to out of order 27 Conduct of members in 17 Individual speeches limited 17 Motion to adjourn not debatable 55 Motion to change rules not debatable 45 Motion to commit when debatable 90 Motion to change order of business not debatable 45 Motion to extend members time of speaking not debatable 17 Motion to excuse member from voting not debatable 34 Motion to indefinitely postpone debatable 79 Motion to instruct committee debate limited 196 Motion for previous question not debatable 70 Motion to read papers not debatable 33 Motion to suspend rules not debatable 45 Motion to table not debatable 67 Motion to postpone to time definite what debatable 86 Previous question decided affirmatively debate regulated 71 Priority of business not debatable 16 Roll Call no debate during 30 Senate happenings reference to out of order 27 Yeas and nays decided without debate 179 DISPARAGING REMARKS Members prohibited from 28 DIVISION Duty of member calling for 37 Motion to excuse from voting to be made before 34 Right to call for 36 What not divisible 3839 DRAWING FOR SEATS Regulated 197 194 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL ELECTION Rule No House Judge of of members 154 Majority vote necessary 191 EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN Procedure 18 EXPLANATION OF VOTES When allowed and time limited 32 EXPULSION OF MEMBERS When 17154 DOORKEEPER Duty as to enforcement of rule as to intoxication 25 Duty as to messages 163 Speaker may suspend when 12 GALLERIES Applause to be suppressed 29 Committee of whole chairman may clear 127 Speaker may clear 13 GENERAL ASSEMBLY Meets when 153 Session limited 153 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 195 GENERAL APPROPRIATION BILL Rule No Constitutional provision as to what it shall embrace 149 Right of way in order of business 40 GENERAL LAWS How changed 146 GENERAL TAX BILL Right of way of 40 GOVERNOR Failure to return bill effect 156 Signature when required155157 Veto 166 HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT Fixed by House 178 IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO SENATE Twothirds vote necessary 48 INTOXICATION Member denied floor while in state of 25 JOURNAL Absentees shown on 133 Amendments to Constitution yeas and nays must be shown on 159 Appropriation of money yeas and nays shown 140 Committee duty to read176 Committee of whole proceedings not shown 129 196 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Rule No Majority on passage of bills must be shown 138 Names those not voting shown on 172 Yeas and nays to be shown139140 LAUDATORY REMARKS Prohibited in Nominations 28 LOCAL BILLS Constitutional requirements as to reading 142 Constitutional requirements as to notice 162 Introduced when 46 Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent 42 MAIN QUESTION Effect as to when votes had on motion for previous question 707173 Minority report time allowed for debate 74 Motion to table supersedes when 69 Reconsideration of 70 When ordered call of House 76 When ordered vote how taken 72 MAJORITY Bill majority vote necessary to pass 138 Elections majority vote necessary 191 I Quorum majority necessary 136 I M MEMBERS Adjournment duty of at 26 Arrest subject to when134135136 Attendance of compelled when134135136 Books and papers duty as to 177 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 197 Rule No Called to order for transgressing rules 17 Changing votes how and when 189 Committee of whole right to speak 118 Committee of whole duty to vote 124 Conduct in debate 17 Conversation and smoking prohibited 1924 Debate how often to speak 17 Debate individual speeches limited 17 Debate reference to conversations happenings in committee and Senate prohibited 27 Decorum of 1719242627 Designation of members mode of 20 Exceptions to words of procedure 18 Expulsion of when17154 Interrogating mode of 21 Intoxication denied floor when in state of 25 Introduction of bills name and county to be endorsed 51 Laudatory remarks in nominations 28 Members speaking duty of while 26 Misconduct in house and committee of whole126154 Motion may make one at a time 31 Motion must resume seat while being put 31 Motion prohibited from making nondebatable when 35 Oath of prescribedKj 137 Protests of proceedings 23 Retire when required to 22 Seats drawing for 197 Vote shall not when interested 22 Vote shall exception34124 MEMORIALS Manner of presentation 166 MEETING OF HOUSE Adjournment fixed by House 178 Time of meeting for daily sessions 178 Constitutional provisions 153 198 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL MINORITY REPORTS Rule No How made 187 Main question ordered privileged first signer 74 MESSAGES How sent announced received and considered 164 MESSENGER Arrest of members134135 I Exofficio sergeantatarms 134 Intoxicated member enforcement of rule I General duties I181182 I Speaker may suspend when I MOTIONS Information from executive department lie on table 188 I Nondebatable prohibited when 35 I One at a time onlyaas 31 I Order of priority I Order of business motion to change not debatable 4 I Order of business motion to change vote necessary 5d I Read papers motion to decide without debate 3d I Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 4d I Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted414448 I Seconding of unnecessary170 I Special orders motion to make how substituted 44 I Strike out and insert motion to not divisible 39 I Withdrawn how jjg 1 I NEW MATTERS Information from executive department to lie on table 188 Unanimous consents for94d NOMINATIONS Laudatory remarks prohibited 28 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 199 OATHS Rule No Of Clerk prescribed 168 Of Members prescribed 137 ORDER OF BUSINESS Changed how 434553 Motion to change not debatable 45 Motion to change vote necessary 4353 Priority of established 194 Rules committee to fix during last twentyone days 53 PARLIAMENTARY LAW Applicable when 192 PETITIONS Manner of presentation 166 PREAMBLE Not considered until resolution perfected 100 PREVIOUS QUESTION Adjourn motion not in order after affirmative votes on 70 Adjournment effect arrival hour of House acting under 60 Affirmative votes result70717374 Applicable to what 75 Call of House not in order after ordered except when 76 Call for sustained motion to table in order 69 Exhausted must be before matters of words excepted to decided 18 Precedence of motion 54 200 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL POSTPONE Rule No Applicable to what definite and indefinite 8087 Committee of whole motion to definitely postpone not in order 1 Debate motion to indefinitely postpone debatable but not amendable a 79 Definitely postpone motion to amendable 84 Effect of affirmative action on motion to indefinitely postpone 78 Effect of affirmative action on motion to postpone to time definite 83 Effect of negative action 83 Indefinitely motion to when not applicable 80 Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 85 Indefinitely motion to not renewable 81 Precedence of motion 84 PRIVILEGE Personal privilege 19 Questions of what constitutes 18 PRIVILEGES OF FLOOR Who entitled to 17 PRINTING OF BILLS When ordered PROTESTS OF MEMBERS Procedure 23 QUALIFYING PARAGRAPH Not a divisible question 8 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 201 QUORUM Rule No Constitutional definition 136 READING OF PAPERS House determines by vote 33 RECONSIDERATION Amendments when reconsideredg 112 Bills notice of motion when given 108 Bills notice not to be withdrawn when 109 Committee of whole motion in orderi 122 Effect of on bills 113 Main question ordered motion in order to reconsider 70 Motion in order but once on same subject matter 110 Motions when in order Ill REMONSTRANCES Manner of presentation 166 REPORTS OF COMMITTEES Committees may report by bill or otherwise 167 Order of precedence of 52 ROLL CALL Electrical roll call system 199 Explanation of votes on 32 Debate none during 30 How dispensed with 132 Speaker may order when 15 RULES Motion to suspend or change decided without debate 45 Suspended or changed how434445 202 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL RULES COMMITTEE Rule No Constituted and elected how 4 Effect of failure to report 44 Order of business fixed by during last twentyone days 53 Report of in order when 167 Special orders and motions to suspend rules duty to report on 4144 SALARIES Constitutional provision as to changing 161 SEATS Drawing for regulated 197 SERGEANTATARMS Call of House duty of 135 Messenger is exofficio 134 SIGNATURE OF SPEAKER AND CLERK When required 180 SILENCE Members to preserve when 19 SMOKING Prohibited 24 SPEAKER Absence of Speaker pro tem to preside 7 Adjournment members to remain until Speaker retires 26 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 203 Rule No Appeals from decision of891011 Appeals from decision of to be made at once 10 Appeals from decision of no debate when 9 Appointment of committees by 4195 Appointment of chairman of Committee of Whole 116 Appointment of Conference Committee 185 Attendance power to compel 134 Business priority of decided without debate 16 Chairman Committee of Whole appointed by 116 Committees appointed by 4195 Committee of Whole may resolve House into when 114 Committee of Whole assumes chair when 121 Committee of Whole receiving chairmans report 128 Committee of Whole right to take part in 124 Courtesy of members to at adjournment 26 Doorkeeper Speaker may suspendi 12 Galleries may be cleared by13 Interrogation of members conducted through 21 Irrelevant debate power to suspend 1 Members Speaker may name to preside 6 Members courtesy due by at adjournment 26 Method of stating question by 5 Quorum duty of when no quorum voting 1415 Recognition of members decided by 3 Recognition of members for unanimous consent 42 Rules Committee Speaker exofficio member 195 Silence commanded by when 1 Suspension of officers 12 Vote Speaker required to when 2 SPEAKER PRO TEM Absence of Speaker duty to preside 7 Election 7 SPECIAL COMMITTEE Priority of motion to commit in 89 204 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL SPECIAL LAWS Rule No Notice required 162 Prohibited when I 146 SUBJECTMATTER Bills to contain but one and expressed in title 144 SUBSTITUTE Amendment is 94 Bill perfected before substitute 95 Motion to table not in order 61 SUSPENSION OF RULES How accomplished 434445 TABLE MOTION TO Amendment or substitute motion to table not in order 61 Amendment motion to table not subject to 67 Application of what can be laid on table 68 Committee of Whole motion not in order 11 Debate motion to table not debatable 67 Effect when motion to table prevails Effect when motion to take from table prevails 6264 Effect when motion to take from table prevails where measure tabled after roll call 65 Executive department information called from tabled one day 1 Main question motion to table in order after motion for previous question sustained 69 Main question motion to table not in order after House has voted that main question shall be now put 9 Motion to take from when in orderv 62 Previous question motion to table in order after main question ordered LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 205 Rule No Renewal of motions to table and take from when 66 Roll call motion not in order until completion 65 TWOTHIRDS VOTE NECESSARY WHEN Amendments to Constitution 159 Constitution Convention 160 County Site changed or removed 158 Expulsion of members 154 Governors veto overridden155156157 Prolongation of session 155 UNANIMOUS CONSENTS Limitation and regulation of 42 YEAS AND NAYS Adjournment effect when hour of arrives during vote by 60 Amendments to Constitution 159 Changing votes after call of 189 Committee of whole vote not taken by 118 Electrical roll call system 199 Explanation of votes when vote taken by 32 Excuse from voting motion must be made before roll call begins 34 Journals to show when139140141 Journal to show names not voting 172 Motion to table when in order when vote taken by 65 Required when 72 139 140141 Speaker may order when no quorum voting 15 206 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA TABLE OF CONTENTS Page j LIST OF STATE CONSTITUTIONS n 207 ARTICLE IBill of Rights liJiML212218 ARTICLE IIElective Franchise 218221 ARTICLE IIILegislative Department rfrr221231 ARTICLE IVPower of General Assembly over Taxation L231235 ARTICLE VExecutive Department Jfi235246 ARTICLE VIJudiciary 246264 ARTICLE VIIFinance Taxation and Public Debtli265294 ARTICLE VIIIEducation 294300 ARTICLE IXHomestead and Exemption300301 ARTICLE XMilitia i 301 ARTICLE XICounties and Municipal Corporations302304 ARTICLE XIIThe Laws of General Operation in Force in this State 304305 ARTICLE XIIIAmendments to the Constitution305307 ARTICLE XIVMerit System 307 ARTICLE XVHome Rule 308 ARTICLE XVISlum Clearance and Redevelopment308309 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 207 CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF ORGANIC ACTS AND STATE CONSTITUTIONS OF GEORGIA Charter of the Colony of Georgia 1732 Grant of George II King of Great Britain Constitution of 1777 Constitutional Convention Oct II 1776Feb 5 1777 Constitution of 1789 Constitutional Convention Nov 424 1788 Jan 420 1789 May 46 1789 May 16 1795 Constitution of 1798 Constitutional Convention May 830 1798 Constitution of 1861 Constitutional Convention Jan 16March 23 1861 Constitution of 1865 Constitutional Convention Oct 25Nov 8 1865 Constitution of 1868 Constitutional Convention Dec 9 1867March 11 1868 Constitution of 1877 Constitutional Convention July 11 1877August 25 1877 Constitution of 1945 Ratified General Election August 7 1945 Governors Proclamation August 13 1945 208 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS ADOPTED SINCE RATIFICATION OF CONSTITUTION OF 1945 Amendment to Art VII Sec I Par II subpar f so as to authorize the General Assembly to provide for the payment of one hundred thousand dollars 10000000 for bringing m the first commercial oil well in this State Amendment to Par 4 Sec 7 of Art 7 to include therein county boards of education as having authority to obtain the loans provided in said paragraph RATIFIED NOVEMBER 7 1950 Amendment to Par IV Sec IX of Art VII to provide for the appropriation of funds for highway purposes Amendment to Art VII Sec I Par II Subsec 3 so as to change the levy of taxes permitted on property for any one year by the Gen Assembly for all purposes except to provide for repelling invasions suppressing insurrections or defending the State in time of war from five 5 mills on each dollar of the value of the property taxable in the State to onefourth A mill on each dollar of the value of the property taxable in the State provided however that until some other method permitted by the laws of the United States for the taxation of national banking associations or corporations is enacted by the Gen Assembly for the taxation of the shares of stock of banking corporations and other monied capital coming into competition with such banking corporations such property may be taxed at a rate not exceeding five 5 mills on each dollar of the value thereof Amendment to Art VII Sec I Par II so as to authorize the Gen Assembly to Provide for scholarships to medical students who agree to practice medcme in the tate of Georgia and to authorize the granting of scholarships to various schools and clinics to Physicians and other professional personnel employed at the Milledgeville State Hospital Amendment to Art V Sec I Par XV providing for a period of thirty days after adjournment in which the Governor may approve bills passed by the Gen Assembly Amendment to Art VII Sec II Par I Subpar 5 so as to provide that the Gen Assembly may exercise the power of taxation for the purpose of making provision for the payment of pensions to exConfederate soldiers and to the widows of Confederate soldiers who are unmarried Amendment to Par 4 Sec 1 Art VII authorizing the Gen Assembly to exempt from taxation intangible personal property owned by a trust forming a part of a pension profit sharing or stock bonus plan exempt from federal income tax under Section 165a of the Federal Internal Revenue Code Amendment to Art VII Sec II Par I by adding a new paragraph so as to extend to the employees of the State and its subdivisions protection accorded others by tne Old Age ana Survivors Insurance Program embodied under the Federal Social Security Act and the Federal Insurance Contributions Act Amendment striking Par XV of Sec VII of Art Ill in its entirety and inserting in lieu thereof a new paragraph providing for notice of intention to apply tor local legislation to be advertised in the newspaper in the locality affected to provide for the method of changing term of office or abolishing an office during the term for which a person has been elected and to provide for the method of increasing the membership of any municipal or county governing authority LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 209 Amendment to Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1 providing for the submission of amendments to the Constitution that affect only a county or counties municipality or municipalities RATIFIED NOVEMBER 4 1952 Amendment to the Constitution so as to authorize the General Assembly to provide for selfgovernment of municipalities Amendment to Article III Section IV Paragraphs I and III of the Constitution so as to provide for annual sessions of the General Assembly not to exceed forty 40 days Amendment to Article VII Section I Paragraph IV of the Constitution of Georgia providing for the exemption of all property owned by religious groups for residential purposes and from which no income is derived Amendment to Article VIII of the Constitution adding a new section relating to education Amendment to Article VII Section II of the 1945 Constitution of Georgia so as to provide that taxation may be exercised for the purpose of paying pensions under a firemens pension system Amendment to the Constitution of the State of Georgia by adding a new Article to be designated Article XVI Slum Clearance and Redevelopment Amendment to the Constitution so as to provide for a procedure by which a county may remove or increase the limitation of the tax levy for education RATIFIED NOVEMBER 2 1954 Amendment to Article VI Section II of the Constitution of Georgia so as to confer upon the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals jurisdiction to review by writ of error all final judgments and adjudications rendered by Juvenile Courts Amendment to the Constitution so ns to change the method of amending the Constitution Amendment to Article VI Section I of the Constitution authorizing the General Assembly to create traffic courts in and for certain cities Amendment to the Constitution so as to authorize the General Assembly to consider business pending at the adjournment of any regular session at any later regular session Amendment to Article III Section XI Paragraph I of the Constitution changing certain wording Amendment to Article VI Section XIII of the Constitution of Georgia providing that Chief Justice Emeritus and Justices Emeritus of the Supreme Court and Judges Emeritus of the Superior Courts shall be eligible to preside over their respective courts Amendment to Article VI Section III Paragraph I of the Constitution fixing the terms of office of the Judges of the Superior Court of the Atlanta Judicial Circuit Amendment to the Constitution so as to provide for the payment of 25000000 in connection with the bringing in of the first commercial oil well in this State RATIFIED November 20 1956 210 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Governors No 34 House Resolution No 11 A RESOLUTION Proposing as one single amendment to amend the Constitution of the State of Georgia of 1877 and all amendments thereof by striking in their entirety Article I Bill of Rights Article II Elective Franchise Article III Legislative Department Article IV Power of the General Assembly Over Taxation Article V Executive Department Article VI Judiciary Article VII Finance Taxation and Public Debt Article VIII Education Article IX Homesteads and Exemptions Article X Militia Article XI Counties and County Officers Article XII The Laws of General Operation in Force in This State Article XIII Amendments to the Constitution and by inserting in lieu thereof after the Preamble of the Constitution of the State of Georgia of 1877 new articles as follows Article I Bill of Rights Article II Elective Franchise Article III Legislative Department Article IV Public Utilities Eminent Domain Police Power Insurance Companies Contracts etc Article V Executive Department Article VI Judiciary Article VII Finance Taxation and Public Debt Article VIII Education Article IX Homesteads and Exemptions Article X Militia Article XI Counties and Municipal Corporations Article XII The Laws of General Operation in Force in This State Article XIII Amendments to the Constitution Article XIV Merit System and Article XV Home Rule and to provide for the submission of the Amendment so proposed as one Amendment to the qualified voters of the State of Georgia for ratification or rejection at the General Election to be held in August 1945 WHEREAS the purpose of this single amendment is to coordinate the proposed substantial principals of organic law into one subject matter of the Constitution it being impracticable otherwise than in one subject matter and one amendment to perfect the rearrangement sought and to render unnecessary the evil consequences of a portion by portion adoption or rejection which would in case of adoption of some portions and rejection of others result in a Constitution lacking correlation LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 211 NOW THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF GEORGIA Section One That the Constitution of the State of Georgia of 1877 and all Amendments thereof appearing after the Preamble be and it is hereby proposed to be amended as one single amendment by striking therefrom in their entirety Article I Bill of Rights Article II Elective Franchise Article III Legislative Department Article IV Power of the General Assembly Over Taxation Article V Executive Department Article VI Judiciary Article VII Finance Taxation and Public Debt Article VIII Education Article IX Homesteads and Exemptions Article X Militia Article XI Counties and County Officers Article XII The Laws of General Operation in Force in This State Article XIII Amendments to the Constitution and inserting in lieu thereof new Articles Numbers I through XV inclusive so that when so amended the Constitution of the State of Georgia of 1877 shall read beginning with the Preamble as follows C ONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA PREAMBLE To perpetuate the principles of free government insure justice to all preserve peace promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty we the people of Georgia relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God do ordain and establish this Constitution ARTICLE I Bill op Rights Section I Paragraph Origin and foundation of government All government of right originates with the people is founded upon their will only and is instituted solely for the good of the whole Public officers are the trustees and servants of the people and at all times amenable to them Paragraph II Protection the duty of government Protection to person and property is the paramount duty of government and shall be impartial and complete Paragraph III Life liberty and property No person shall be deprived of life liberty or property except by due process of law 212 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 1 See 1 Par 4 Paragraph IV Right to the courts No person shall be deprived of the right to prosecute or defend his own cause in any of the courts of this State in person by attorney or both Paragraph V Benefit of counsel accusation list of witnesses compulsory process trial by jury Every person charged with an offense against the laws of this State shall have the privilege and benefit of counsel shall be furnished on demand with a copy of the accusation and a list of the witnesses on whose testimony the charge against him is founded shall have compulsory process to obtain the testimony of his own witnesses shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him and shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury Paragraph VI Crimination of self not compelled No person shall be compelled to give testimony tending in any manner to criminate himself Paragraph VII Banishment and whipping as punishment for crime Neither banishment beyond the limits of the State nor whipping as a punishment for crime shall be allowed Paragraph VIII Jeopardy of life or liberty more than once forbidden No person shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty more than once for the same offense save on his or her own motion for a new trial after conviction or in case of mistrial Paragraph IX Bail fines punishment arrest abuse of prisoners Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted nor shall any person be abused in being arrested while under arrest or in prison Paragraph X Costs No person shall be compelled to pay costs except after conviction on final trial Paragraph XI Habeas corpus The writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended 213 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 1 Sec 1 Par 12 Paragraph XII Freedom of conscience All men have the natural and inalienable right to worship God each according to the dictates of his own conscience and no human authority should in any case control or interfere with such rights of conscience Paragraph XIII Religious opinions liberty of conscience No inhabitant of this State shall be molested in person or property or prohibited from holding any public office or trust on account of his religious opinions but the right of liberty of conscience shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness or justify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of the State Paragraph XIV Appropriations to churches sects etc forbidden No money shallever be taken from the public Treasury directly or indirectly in aid of any church sect or denomination of religionists or of any sectarian institution Paragraph XV Liberty of speech or of the press guaranteed No law shall ever be passed to curtail or restrain the liberty of speech or of the press any person may speak write and publish his sentiments on all subjects being responsible for the abuse of that liberty Paragraph XVI Searches seizures and warrants The right of the people to be secure in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrant shall issue except upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation particularly describing the place or places to be searched and the persons or things to be seized Paragraph XVII Slavery and involuntary servitude There shall be within the State of Georgia neither slavery nor involuntary servitude save as a punishment for crime after legal conviction thereof 214 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 1 Sec 1 Par 18 Furaijraph XVIII Status of the citizen The social status of the citizen shall never be the subject of legislation Paragraph XIX Civil authority superior to military The civil authority shall be superior to the military and no soldier shall m time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner nor in time of war except by the civil magistrate in such manner as may be provided by law Paragraph XX Contempts The power of the Courts to punish for contempt shall be limited by legislative acts V Paragraph XXI Imprisonment for debt There shall be no imprisonment for debt Paragraph XXII Arms right to keep and bear The right ot the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed but the General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the manner m which arms may be borne Paragraph XXIII Legislative judicial and executive poseparate The legislative judicial and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise 6 functions of either of the others except as herein provided Paragraph XXIV Right to assemble and petition The people have the right to assemble peaceably for their common good and to apply to those vested with the powers of government for redress of grievances by petition or remonstrance Paragraph XXV Citizens protection of All citizens of the united States resident in this State are hereby declared citizens of this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to enact such laws as will protect them in the full enjoyment of the rights privileges and immunities due to such citizenship 215 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 1 Sec 2 Par 1 Section II Paragraph I Libel jury in criminal cases new trials In all prosecutions or indictments for libel the truth may be given in evidence and the jury in all criminal cases shall be the judges of the law and the facts The power of the judges to grant new trials in case of conviction is preserved Paragraph II Treason Treason against the State of Georgia shall consist in levying war against her adhering to her enemies giving them aid and comfort No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or confession in open court Paragraph III Conviction effect of No conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate Paragraph IV Lotteries All lotteries and the sale of lottery tickets are hereby prohibited and this prohibition shall be enforced by penal laws Paragraph V Lobbying penalties Lobbying is declared to be a crime and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties Paragraph VI Fraud concealment of property The General Assembly shall have the power to provide for the punishment of fraud and shall provide by law for reaching property of the debtor concealed from the creditor Section III Paragraph I Private ways just compensation In case of necessity private ways may be granted upon just compensation being first paid by the applicant Private property shall not be taken or damaged for public purposes without just and adequate compensation being first paid 216 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 1 Sec 3 Par 2 Paragraph II Attainder ex post facto and retroactive laws etc No bill of attainder ex post facto law retroactive law or law impairing the obligation of contracts or making irrevocable grant of special privileges or immunities shall be passed Paragraph III Revocation of tax exemptions All exemptions from taxation heretofore granted in corporate charters are declared to be henceforth null and void Section IV Paragraph I General laws uniform operation how varied Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the free consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent Paragraph II What acts void Legislative acts in violation of this Constitution of the Constitution of the United States are void and the Judiciary shall so declare them Section V Paragraph I State rights The people of this State have the inherent sole and exclusive rights of regulating their internal government and the police thereof and of altering and abolishing their Constitution whenever it may be necessary to their safety and happiness Paragraph II Enumeration of rights not denial of others The enumeration of rights herein contained as a part of this Constitution shall not be construed to deny to the people any inherent rights which they may have hitherto enjoyed 217 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 1 Sec 6 Par 1 Section VI Paragraph I Tidewater titles confirmed The Act of the General Assembly approved December 16 1902 which extends the title of ownership of lands abutting on tidal water to low water mark is hereby ratified and confirmed ARTICLE II Elective Franchise Section I Paragraph I Elections by ballot registration of voters I Elections by the people shall be by ballot and only those persons I 1 shall be allowed to vote who have been first registered in ac I j cordance with the requirements of law I Paragraph II Who shall be an elector entitled to register I j and vote Every citizen of this State who is a citizen of the I United States eighteen years old or upwards not laboring under any of the disabilities named in this Article and possessing the 3 qualifications provided by it shall be an elector and entitled to register and vote at any election by the people Provided that no soldier sailor or marine in the military or naval ser 1 vices of the United States shall acquire the rights of an elector i by reason of being stationed on duty in this State Paragraph III Who entitled to register and vote To entitle a person to register and vote at any election by the people he s shall have resided in the State one year next preceding the election and in the county in which he offers to vote six months next preceding the election Paragraph IV Qualifications of electors Every citizen of this State shall be entitled to register as an elector and to vote in all elections in said State who is not disqualified under the i 218 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 2 Sec 1 Par 4 provisions of Section II of Article II of this Constitution and who possesses the qualifications prescribed in Paragraphs II and III of this Section or who will possess them at the date of the election occurring next after his registration and who in addition thereto comes within either of the classes provided for in the two following subdivisions of this paragraph 1 All persons who are of good character and understand the duties and obligations of citizenship under a republican form of government or 2 All persons who can correctly read in the English language any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State and correctly write the same in the English language when read to them by any one of the registrars and all persons who solely because of physical disability are unable to comply with the above requirements but who can understand and give a reasonable interpretation of any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State that may be read to them by any one of the registrars Paragraph V Appeal from decision of registrars Any person to whom the right of registration is denied by the registrars upon the ground that he lacks the qualifications set forth in the two subdivisions of Paragraph IV shall have the right to take an appeal and any citizen may enter an appeal from the decision of the registrars allowing any person to register under said subdivisions All appeals must be filed in writing with the registrars within ten days from the date of the decision complained of and shall be returned by the registrars to the office of the clerk of the superior court to be tried as other appeals Paragraph VI Judgment of force pending appeal Pending an appeal and until the final decision of the case the judgment of the registrars shall remain in full force 219 I CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 2 Sec 2 Par 1 I Section II Paragraph I Registration of electors who disfranchised I The General Assembly may provide from time to time for the I registration of all electors but the following classes of persons I shall not be permitted to register vote or hold any office or I appointment of honor or trust in this State towit 1st Those I who shall have been convicted in any court of competent juris I diction of treason against the State of embezzlement of public I funds malfeasance in office bribery or larceny or of any crime I involving moral turpitude punishable by the laws of this State I with imprisonment in the penitentiary unless such persons shall I have been pardoned 2nd Idiots and insane persons Section III Paragraph I Privilege of electors from arrest Electors shall I in all cases except for treason felony larceny and breach of I the peace be privileged from arrest during their attendance on I elections and in going to and returning from the same Section IV Paragraph I Holder of public funds No person who is the holder of any public money contrary to law shall be eligible to any office in this State until the same is accounted for and paid into the Treasury Section V Pararaph I Sale of liquors on election days The General I Assembly shall by law forbid the sale of intoxicating drinks m I this State or any political subdivision thereof on all days for I the holding of any election in the area in which such election is I held and prescribe punishment for any violation of the same I 220 CONSTITUTION OP THE STATE OP GEORGIA Art 2 Sec 6 Par 1 Section VI Paragraph I Returns made to whom Returns of election for all civil officers elected by the people who are to be commissioned by the Governor and also for members of the General Assembly shall be made to the Secretary of State unless otherwise provided by law ARTICLE III Legislative Department Section L Paragraph I Power vested in General Assembly The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives Section II Pargraph I Number of senators and senatorial districts The Senate shall consist of not more than fiftyfour members and there shall be not more than fiftyfour Senatorial Districts with one Senator from each District as now constituted or as hereafter created The various Senatorial Districts shall be comprised of the counties as now provided and the General Assembly shall have authority to create rearrange and change these Districts within the limitation herein stated Section III Paragraph I Number of representatives The House of Representatives shall consist of representatives apportioned among the several counties of the State as follows To the eight counties having the largest population three representatives 221 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 3 Par 1 each to the thirty counties having the next largest population I two representatives each and to the remaining counties one I representative each Paragraph II Apportionment changed how The above ap I portionment shall be changed by the General Assembly at its I first session after each census taken by the United States Gov I ernment in accordance with the provisions of Paragraph I of I Section III of this article Section IV Paragraph I Term of Members The members of the Gen I eral Assembly shall be elected for two years and shall serve I until the time fixed by law for the convening of the General I Assembly in the year following the second year of such mem I bers term of office Paragraph II Election when The first election for mem I bers of the General Assembly under this Constitution shall take I place on Tuesday after the first Monday in November 1946 and I subsequent elections biennially on that day until the day of I election is changed by law Paragraph III Meeting of the General Assembly The Gen I eral Assembly shall meet in regular session on the second I Monday in January 1955 and annually thereafter on the same I day until the date shall be changed by law By concurrent I resolution adopted by a majority of members elected to both I Houses the General Assembly may adjourn any regular ses I sion to such later date as it may fix for reconvening in regu I lar session but shall remain in regular session no longer than I forty 40 days in the aggregate in each year during the I term for which the members were elected All business pending I in the Senate or House at the adjournment of any regular I session may be considered at any later regular session of the I same General Assembly as if there had been no adjournment I 222 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3 Nothing herein shall be construed to affect the power of the Governor to convoke the General Assembly in extraordinary session or the duty of the Governor to convene the General Assembly in extraordinary session upon the certificate of threefifths of the members elected to the Senate and the House of Representatives as provided in Article V Section I Paragraph XII of this Constitution If an impeachment trial is pending at the end of any regular or extraordinary session the Senate may continue in session until such trial is completed Paragraph IV Quorum A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each house may provide Paragraph V Oath of members Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interests and prosperity of this State Paragraph VI Eligibility appointments forbidden No person holding a military commission or other appointment or office having any emolument or compensation annexed thereto under this State or the United States or either of them except Justices of the Peace and officers of the militia nor any defaulter for public money or for any legal taxes required of him shall have a seat in either house nor shall any Senator or Repre 223 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 4 Par 6 sentative after his qualification as such be elected by the General Assembly or appointed by the Governor either with or without the advice and consent of the Senate to any office or appointment having any emolument annexed thereto during the time for which he shall have been elected unless he shall first resign his seat provided however that during the term for which he was elected no Senator or Representative shall be appointed to any civil office which has been created during such term Paragraph VII Removal from district or county effect of The seat of a member of either house shall be vacated on his removal from the district or county from which he was elected Section V Paragraph I Qualifications of Senators The Senators shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyfive years and who shall have been citizens of this State for four years and for one year residents of the district from which elected Paragraph II President The presiding officer of the Senate shall be styled the President of the Senate A President Pro Tempore shall be elected viva voce from the Senators and shall act in case of the death resignation or disability of the President or in the event of his succession to the executive power Paragraph III Impeachments The Senate shall have the sole power to try impeachments Paragraph IV Trial of impeachments When sitting for that purpose the members shall be on oath or affirmation and shall be presided over by the Chief Justice or the Presiding Justice of the Supreme Court Should the Chief Justice be disqualified the Senate shall select a Justice of the Supreme Court to preside No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of twothirds of the members present 224 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 5 Par 5 Paragraph V Judgments in impeachments Judgments in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than removal from office and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor trust or profit within this State but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment trial judgment and punishment according to law Section VI Paragraph I Qualifications of representatives The Representatives shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyone years and who shall have been citizens of this State for two years and for one year residents of the counties from which elected Paragraph II Speaker The presiding officer of the House of Representatives shall be styled the Speaker of the House of Representatives and shall be elected viva voce from the body Paragraph III Power to impeach The House of Representatives shall have the sole power to vote impeachment charges against all persons who shall have been or may be in office Section VII Paragraph I Election returns etc disorderly conduct Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs Paragraph II Contempts how punished Each House may punish by imprisonment not extending beyond the session any person not a member who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly behavior in its presence or who shall rescue or attempt to rescue any person arrested by order of either House 225 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 See 7 Par 3 Pararaph III Privilege of members The members of both Houses shall be free from arrest during their attendance on the General Assembly and in going thereto or returning therefrom except for treason felony larceny or breach of the peace and no member shall be liable to answer in any other place for anything spoken in debate in either House Paragraph IV Journals and acts Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings and publish it immediately after its adjournment The General Assembly shall provide for the publication of the laws passed by each session Paragraph V Where journals kept The original journal shall be preserved after publication in the office of the Secretary of State but there shall be no other record thereof Paragraph VI Yeas and nays when taken The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal Paragraph VII Bills to be read Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection but the first and second reading of each local bill shall consist of the reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed Paragraph VIII One subject matter expressed No law shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof Paragraph IX General appropriations bill The General appropriations bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government payment of the public debt and interest thereon and for support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject 226 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10 Paragraph X Bills for revenue All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills Paragraph XI Public money how drawn No money shall be drawn from the Treasury except by appropriation made by law Paragraph XII Bills appropriating money No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each house are recorded Paragraph XIII Acts signed rejected bills All acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either house shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected Paragraph XIV Majority of members to pass bill No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance so appear on the Journal Paragraph XV Notice of intention to ask local legislation necessary No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the newspaper in which the Sheriffs advertisements for the locality affected are published once a week for three weeks during a period of sixty days immediately preceding its introduction into the General Assembly No local or special bill shall become law unless there is attached to and made a part of said bill a copy of said notice certified by the publisher or accompanied by an affidavit of the author to the effect that said notice has been published as provided by law No office to which 227 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 7 Par 15 a person has been elected shall be abolished nor the term of the office shortened or lengthened by local or special bill during the term for which such person was elected unless the same be approved by the people of the jurisdiction affected in a referendum on the question When any local law shall add any member or members to any municipal or county governing authority the members of which are elected by the people such local law must provide that the member or members so added must be elected by the qualified voters of the political subdivision affected under such rules as the General Assembly may in said law provide Paragraph XVI Statutes and sections of code how amended No law or section of the code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing act shall distinctively describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made Paragraph XVII Corporate powers how granted The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the courts it may confer this authority to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to the judges of the superior courts of this State in vacation All corporate powers and privileges to banking trust insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the Secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law and if in any event the Secretary of State should be disqualified to act in any case then in that event the legislature shall provide by general laws by what person such charter shall be granted Paragraph XVIII Recognizances The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon for 228 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 See 7 Par 18 feited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officers Paragraph XIX Yeas and nays to be entered when Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal Paragraph XX Powers of the General Assembly The General Assembly shall have the power to make all laws consistent with this Constitution and not repugnant to the Constitution of the United States which they shall deem necessary and proper for the welfare of the State Paragraph XXI Signature of Governor No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of the twothirds vote required to override the veto to submit constitutional amendments and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly Paragraph XXII Adjournments Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them Paragraph XXIII Zoning and planning laws The General Assembly of the State shall have authority to grant the governing authorities of the municipalities and counties authority to pass zoning and planning laws whereby such cities or counties may be zoned or districted for various uses and other or different uses prohibited therein and regulating the use for which 229 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 See 7 Par 23 said zones or districts may be set apart and regulating the plans for development and improvements on real estate therein Paragraph XXIV Civil service equal preference to veterans Neither the State of Georgia nor any political subdivision thereof shall inaugurate or maintain any civil service scheme of any nature whatever which fails to provide for honorably discharged veterans of any war and the said State of Georgia or any political subdivision shall if a civil service scheme is originated or is already in force provide equal preferences accorded to such veterans as now exist under Federal Civil Service Laws Paragraph XXV Street Railways The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passenger railway within the limits of any incorporate town or city without the consent of the Corporate Authorities Section VIII Paragraph I Officers of the two houses The officers of the two houses other than the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House shall be a President Pro Tempore and Secretary of the Senate and Speaker Pro Tempore and Clerk of the House of Representatives and such assistants as each House may provide for Section IX Paragraph I Compensation expense and mileage The per diem of members of the General Assembly shall be 1000 per day plus the additional sum of 500 per day for maintenance expense and the mileage shall not exceed 10 cents for each mile traveled by the nearest practical route in going to and returning from the Capitol but the President Pro Tempore of the Senate when serving as presiding officer thereof and the 230 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 9 Par 1 Speaker of the House of Representatives shall each receive 1500 per day as per diem plus the additional sum of 500 per day for maintenance expense Section X Paragraph I Viva voce vote place of meeting All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result Section XI Paragraph I Salaries of elective officials how changed The General Assembly may at any time by a majority vote of both branches prescribe other and different salaries for all the elective officers provided for in this Constitution but no such change shall diminish the amount of any salary set forth in the Constitution ARTICLE IV Public Utilities Eminent Domain Police Power Insurance Companies Contracts Etc Section I Paragraph I Public utility tariffs and charges The power and authority of regulating railroad freight and passenger tariffs and of charges of public utilities for their services of preventing unjust discriminations and requiring reasonable 231 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 4 Sec 1 Par 1 and just rates of freight and passenger tariffs and of charges of public utilities are hereby conferred upon the General Assembly whose duty it shall be to pass laws from time to time to regulate such tariffs and charges to prohibit unjust discriminations by the various railroads and public utilities oi this State and to prohibit said railroads and public utilities from charging other than just and reasonable rates and to enforce the same by adequate penalties provided nevertheless that such power and authority shall never be exercised in any way to regulate or fix charges of such public utilities as are or may be owned or operated by any county or municipality of this State except as provided in this Constitution Paragraph II Rebates No public utility company shall give or pay any rebate or bonus in the nature thereof directly or indirectly or do any act to mislead or deceive the public as to the real rates charged or received for freight or passage or services furnished any such payments shall be illegal and void and these prohibitions shall be enforced by suitable penalties Section II Paragraph I Right of eminent domain The exercise of the right of eminent domain shall never be abridged nor so construed as to prevent the General Assembly from taking property and franchises and subjecting them to public use Paragraph II Police power The exercise of the police power of the State shall never be abridged nor so construed as to permit the conduct of business in such manner as to infringe the equal rights of others or the general wellbeing of the State Section III Paragraph I Charters revived or amended subject to Constitution The General Assembly shall notremit the forfeiture 232 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 4 Sec 3 Par 1 of the charter of any corporation now existing nor alter or amend the same nor pass any other general or special law for I1 the benefit of said corporation except upon the condition that such corporation shall thereafter hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution and every amendment of any charter of any corporation in this State or any special law for its benefit accepted thereby shall operate as a novation of said charter and shall bring the same under the provision of this Constitution Section IV Paragraph I Contracts to defeat competition All contracts and agreements which may have the effect or be intended to have the effect to defeat or lessen competition or to encourage monopoly shall be illegal and void The General Assembly of this State shall have no power to authorize any such contract or agreement Paragraph II General Assembly to enforce Article The General Assembly shall enforce the provisions of this Article by appropriate legislation Paragraph III Public Service Commission as constitutional officers There shall be a Public Service Commission for the regulation of utilities vested with the jurisdiction powers and duties now provided by law or that may hereafter be prescribed by the General Assembly not inconsistent with other provisions of this Constitution Such Commission shall consist of five members who shall be elected by the people A chairman shall be selected by the members of the Commission from its membership The first Commission under this amendment shall consist of the commissioners in office at the time of the adoption of this constitutional amendment and they shall serve until December 31st after the general election at which the successor of each member is elected Thereafter all succeeding terms of members shall be for six years The qualifications compensa CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 4 Sec 4 Par 3 tions filling of vacancies manner and time of election power and duties of members of the Commission including the chairman shall be such as are now or may hereafter be provided by the General Assembly Section V Paragraph I Wifes separate estate All property of the wife at the time of her marriage and all property given to inherited or acquired by her shall remain her separate property and not be liable for the debts of her husband Section VI Paragraph I Nonresident insurance companies All life insurance companies now doing business in this State or which may desire to establish agencies and do business in the State of Georgia chartered by other States of the Union or foreign States shall show that they have deposited with the Comptroller General of the State in which they are chartered or of this State the Insurance Commissioner or such other officer as may be authorized to receive it not less than one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by such officer equivalent to cash subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of policyholders Paragraph II License by Comptroller General When such showing is made to the Comptroller General of the State of Georgia by a proper certificate from the State official having charge of the funds so deposited the Comptroller General of the State of Georgia is authorized to issue to the company making such showing a license to do business in the State upon paying the fees required by law Paragraph III Resident insurance companies guarantee fund All life insurance companies chartered by the State of Georgia or which may hereafter be chartered by the State 234 CONSTITUTION OP THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 4 See 6 Par 3 shall before doing business deposit with the Comptroller General of the State of Georgia or with some strong corporation which may be approved by said Comptroller General one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by him equivalent to cash to be subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of the policyholders of the company making such deposit all interest and dividends from such securities to be paid when due to the company so depositing Any such securities as may be needed or desired by the company may be taken from said department at any time by replacing them with other securities equally acceptable to the Comptroller General whose certificate for the same shall be furnished to the company Paragraph IV General Assembly to enact laws for peoples protection etc The General Assembly shall from time to time enact laws to compel all fire insurance companies doing business in this State whether chartered by this State or otherwise to deposit reasonable securities with the Treasurer of this State to secure the people against loss by the operations of said companies Paragraph V Reports by insurance companies The General Assembly shall compel all insurance companies in this State or doing business therein under proper penalties to make annual reports to the Comptroller General and print the same at their own expense for the information and protection of the people ARTICLE V Executive Department Section I Paragraph h Governor Term of Office Salary etc The executive power shall be vested in a Governor who shall hold his office during the term of four years and until his successor shall be chosen and qualified The Governor serving at the time 235 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 5 Sec 1 Par 1 of the adoption of this Constitution and future Governors shall not be eligible to succeed themselves and shall not be eligible to hold the office until after the expiration of four years from the conclusion of his term of office He shall have a salary of seven thousand five hundred dollars per annum until January 1 1947 The salary of the Governor for each year thereafter shall be twelve thousand dollars per annum until otherwise provided by a law passed by a majority vote of both branches of the General Assembly which shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected nor shall he receive within that time any other emolument from the United States or either of them or from any foreign power The State officers required by this Constitution to be elected at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor shall also hold office for four years Paragraph II Election for Governor The first election for Governor under this Constitution shall be held on Tuesday after the first Monday in November of 1946 and the Governorelect shall be installed in office at the next session of the General Assembly An election shall take place quadrennially thereafter on said date until another date be fixed by the General Assembly Said election shall be held at the places of holding general elections in the several counties of this State in the manner prescribed for the election of members of the General Assembly and the electors shall be the same Paragraph III Returns of elections The returns for every election of Governor shall be sealed up by the managers separately from other returns and directed to the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives and transmitted to the Secretary of State who shall without opening said returns cause the same to be laid before the Senate on the day after the two houses shall have been organized and they shall be transmitted by the Senate to the House of Representatives Paragraph IV How returns published The members of each branch of the General Assembly shall convene in the Represen 236 CONSTITUTION OP THE STATE OP GEORGIA Art 5 Sec 1 Par 4 tative Hall and the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives shall open and publish the returns in the presence and under the direction of the General Assembly and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Governor of this State but if no person shall have such majority then from the two persons having the highest number of votes who shall be in life and shall not decline an election at the time appointed for the General Assembly to elect the General Assembly shall immediately elect a Governor viva voce and in all cases of election of a Governor by the General Assembly a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice Paragraph V Contested elections Contested elections shall be determined by both houses of the General Assembly in such manner as shall be prescribed by law Paragraph VI Qualifications of Governor No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor who shall not have been a citizen of the United States fifteen years and a citizen of the State six years and who shall not have attained the age of thirty years Paragraph VII Lieutenant Governor Succession to executive power There shall be a Lieutenant Governor who shall be elected at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor He shall be President of the Senate and shall receive the sum of 2000 per annum In case of the death resignation or disability of the Governor the Lieutenant Governor shall exercise the executive power and receive the compensation of the Governor until the next general election for members of the General Assembly at which a successor to the Governor shall be elected for the unexpired term but if such death resignation or disability shall occur within thirty days of the next general election or if the term will expire within ninety days after the next general election the Lieutenant Governor shall exercise the executive power and receive che compensation of the Governor for the unexpired term If 237 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 5 Sec 1 Par 7 the Lieutenant Governor shall become a candidate for the unexpired term of the Governor he shall thereby resign his office as Lieutenant Governor effective upon the qualification of the Governor elected for the unexpired term and his successor for the unexpired term shall be elected at such election In case of the death resignation or disability of both the Governor and the Lieutenant Governor the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall exercise the executive power until the removal of the disability or the election and qualification of a Governor at a special election which shall be held within sixty days from the date on which the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall assume the executive power A Lieutenant Governor shall be elected at the general election in 1946 and shall qualify at the same time as the Governor Until the qualification of a Lieutenant Governor the provisions of Article V Section I Paragraph VIII of the Constitution of Georgia of 1877 shall remain of full force and effect Paragraph VIII Unexpired terms filling of The General Assembly shall have power to provide by law for filling unexpired terms by special elections except as provided in this Constitution Paragraph IX Oath of office The Governor shall before he enters on the duties of his office take the following oath or affirmation I do solemnly swear or affirm as the case may be that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and will to the best of my ability preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof and the Constitution of the United States of America Paragraph X Commanderinchief The Governor shall be commanderinchief of the army and navy of this State and of the militia thereof Paragraph XI Reprieves and pardons State Board of Pardons and Paroles The Governor shall have power to suspend the execution of a sentence of death after conviction for of 238 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 5 Sec 1 Par 11 fenses against the State until the State Board of Pardons and Paroles hereinafter provided shall have an opportunity of hearing the application of the convicted person for any relief within the power of such Board or for any other purpose which may be deemed necessary by the Governor Upon conviction for treason the Governor may only suspend the execution of the sentence and report the case to the General Assembly at the next meeting thereof when the General Assembly shall either pardon commute the sentence direct its execution or grant a further reprieve The Governor shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body each case of suspension of sentense stating the name of the convict the offense for which he was convicted the sentence and its date the date of the reprieve or suspension and the reasons for granting the same He shall take care that the laws are faithfully executed and shall be a conservator of the peace throughout the State there shall be a State Board of Pardons and Paroles composed of three members who shall be appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate Appointments made at times when the Senate is not in session shall be effective ad interim The first members shall be appointed for terms of three five and seven years respectively to be designated by the Governor and 911 subsequent appointments shall be for a period of seven years except in case of an unexpired term The Governor shall not be a member of the State Board of Pardons and Paroles The members of the State Board of Pardons and Paroles shall each receive an annual salary of 500000 payable monthly The otate Board of Pardons and Paroles shall have power to grant grieves pardons and paroles to commute penalties remove disabilities imposed by law and may remit any part of a sentence for any offense against the State after conviction except m cases of treason or impeachment and except in cases in which the Governor refuses to suspend a sentence of death Provided that such board shall act on all applications within 90 days from the filing of same and in all cases a majority shall decide the action of the Board Except if any member for any 239 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 5 Sec 1 Par 11 cause is unable to serve in any case involving capital punishment the Governor shall act as the third member of said Board and the action so taken in such instance shall be by unanimous vote The State Board of Pardons and Paroles shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body in full detail each case of pardon parole commutation removal of disabilities or remission of sentences granted stating the name of the convict the offense for which he was convicted the sentence and its date the date of the pardon parole commutation removal of disabilities or remission of sentence and the reasons for granting the same and the State Board of Pardons and Paroles may make rules and regulations as may be authorized by law The first Board of Pardons and Paroles under this provision may be those in office under an act of the General Assembly creating such a Board existing at the time of the adoption of this amendment which if so existing shall be in lieu of such a Board to be created by the General Assembly subsequent to the adoption of this amendment and which Board shall have all the rights privileges powers and duties the same as if it was so subsequently created and the terms of members of such Board shall date from the time specified in the existing Act of the General Assembly The General Assembly may enact laws in aid of but not inconsistent with this amendment Paragraph XII Writs of election called sessions of the General Assembly The Governor shall issue writs of election to fill all vacancies that may happen in the Senate and the House of Representatives and shall give the General Assembly froni time to time information of the State of the Commonwealth and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem necessary or expedient The Governor shall have power to convoke the General Assembly on extraordinary occasions but no law shall be enacted at called sessions of the General Assembly except such as shall relate to the object stated in his proclamation convening them Providing that such called sessions of the General Assembly shall not exceed 70 days in length unless at the expiration of said period there shall be CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 5 See 1 Par 12 pending an impeachment trial of some officer of the State Government in which event the General Assembly will be authorized to remain in session until such trial shall have been completed Provided however that when threefifths of the members elected to the House of Representatives and threefifths of the members elected to the Senate shall have certified to the Governor of the State of Georgia that in their opinion an emergency exists in the affairs of the State of Georgia it shall thereupon be the duty of said Governor and mandatory upon him within five days from the receipt of such certificate or certificates to convene said General Assembly in extraordinary session for all purposes and in the event said Governor shall within said time Sundays excluded fail or refuse to convene said General Assembly as aforesaid then and in that event said General Assembly may convene itself in extraordinary session as if convened in regular session for all purposes provided that such extraordinary self convened session shall be limited to a period of 30 days unless at the expiration of said period there shall be pending an impeachment trial of some officer of the State Government in which event the General Assembly shall be authorized to remain in session until such trial shall have been completed The members of the General Assembly shall receive the same per diem and mileage during such extraordinary session as is now or may be hereafter provided Paragraph XIII Filling vacancies When any office shall become vacant by death resignation or otherwise the Governor shall have power to fill such vacancy unless otherwise provided by law and persons so appointed shall continue in office until a successor is commissioned agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution or by laws in pursuance thereof Paragraph XIV Appointments rejected A person once re 241 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 5 Sec 1 Par 14 jected by the Senate shall not be reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter Paragraph XV Governors veto The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each house may pass a law notwithstanding his dissent and if any bills should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return in which event the Governor shall have thirty days Sundays excepted from the date of adjournment in which to approve the same and if not approved within that time the same shall not become a law He may approve any appropriation j and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and i the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House Paragraph XVI Governor to approve resolutions etc Every I vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both I houses may be necessary except on a question of election or I adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repassed by twothirds of each house provided how i ever that nothing contained in this Article shall be construed i to confer on the Governor the right to veto or enter his disapproval of any proposal made by the General Assembly to amend this Constitution Paragraph XVII Information from officers and employees suspension of officers The Governor may require information in writing from Constitutional officers department heads and I all State employees on any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices or employment The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law for the suspension of any Constitutional officer or department head from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment I of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the same 242 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 5 See 2 Par 1 Section II Other Executive Officers Paragraph I Executive Officers How Elected The Secretary of State Attorney General State School Superintendent Comptroller General Treasurer Commissioner of Agriculture and Commissioner of Labor shall be elected by the persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor The provisions of the Constitution as to the transmission of the returns of the election counting the votes declaring the results deciding when there is no election and when there is a contested election applicable to the election of Governor shall apply to the election of the above named executive officers they shall be commissioned by the Governor and hold their offices for the same time as the Governor Paragraph II Duties Authority and Salaries of Other Executive Officers The General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the duties authority and salaries of the executive officers and to provide help and expenses necessary for the operation of the department of each Paragraph III Profit From Use of Public Money No State official shall be allowed directly or indirectly to receive any fee interest or reward from any person bank or corporation for the deposit or use in any manner of the public funds and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties Paragraph IV Qualifications No person shall be eligible to the office of the Secretary of State Attorney General State School Superintendent Comptroller General Treasurer Commissioner of Agriculture and Commissioner of Labor unless he shall have been a citizen of the United States for ten years and shall CONSTITUTION OP THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 5 See 2 Par 4 have resided in this State for six years next preceding his election and shall be twentyfive years of age when elected All of said officers shall give bond and security under regulation to be prescribed by law for the faithful discharge of their duties Paragraph Y Fees and Perquisites Denied No State official named in Paragraph I of this Section shall be allowed any fee perquisite or compensation other than their salaries as prescribed by law except their necessary expenses when absent from the seat of government on business for the State Section III Paragraph I Great seal what constitutes custody when affixed to instruments The great seal of the State shall be deposited in the office of the Secretary of State and shall not be affixed to any instrument of writing except by order of the Governor or General Assembly and that now in use shall be the great seal of the State until otherwise provided by law Section IV Paragraph I Game and Fish Commission There is hereby created a State Game and Fish Commission Said Commission shall consist of one member from each Congressional District in this State and one additional member from one of the following named counties towit Chatham Bryan Liberty McIntosh Glynn or Camden The first members of the Commission shall consist of those in office at the time this Constitution is adopted with terms provided by law Thereafter all succeeding appointments shall be made by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate for a term of seven years from the expiration of the previous term All members of the Commission shall hold office until their successors are appointed and qualified Vacancies in office shall be filled by appointment of the Governor and submitted to the Senate for confirmation at the 244 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 5 Sec 4 Par 1 next session of the General Assembly after the making of the appointment The Commission shall have such powers authority duties and shall receive such compensation and expenses as may be delegated or provided for by the General Assembly Section V State Board op Corrections Paragraph I State Board of Corrections How Composed Director There shall be a State Board of Corrections composed of five members in charge of the State Penal System The Board shall have such jurisdiction powers duties and control of the State Penal System and the inmates thereof as shall be provided by law The Board shall elect a Director of Corrections who shall be the executive officer of the Board The Board of Corrections shall be appointed by the Governor with the consent of the Senate The first appointment shall be for terms of one two three four and five years and their successors shall be appointed for terms of five years each The compensation of the Director and members of the Board shall be fixed by law Section VI State Department of Veterans Service Paragraph I Veterans Service Board How Composed Director There shall be a State Department of Veterans Service and Veterans Service Board composed of seven members who shall have such control duties powers and jurisdiction of the 245 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATEOF GEORGIA Art 5 Sec 6 Par 1 State Department of Veterans Service as shall be provided by law Said Board shall appoint a director who shall be the executive officer of the Department Members of the Board shall be appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of the Senate and all members of the Board and the Director shall be veterans of some war in which the United States has engaged The first appointments shall be for terms of one two three four five six and seven years Thereafter all terms and appointments except in case of vacancy shall be for seven years Vacancies shall be filled by appointment of the Governor ARTICLE VI Judiciary I j Section I Paragraph I Courts Enumerated The judicial powers of I this State shall be vested in a Supreme Court a Court of Ap peals Superior Courts Courts of Ordinary Justices of the Peace Notaries Public who are exofficio Justices of the Peace I and such other Courts as have been or may be established by I law I Paragraph II The General Assembly may in its discretion I create a new court or system of courts in and for each city I having a population of more than 300000 according to the last I or any future federal decennial census conferring upon such I new court or system of courts jurisdiction to issue warrants I try cases and impose sentences thereon in all misdemeanor cases I i arising under any law of the State regulating the ownership I a or operation of motor vehicles within its territorial jurisdiction I together with provisions as to rules organization and pro I cedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of I g errors in and by such courts and with such further provision I 246 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 2 Par 2 for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity in Paragraph I Section IX of Article VI of the Constitution of 1945 The General Assembly is authorized to delegate to the governing authorities of any such municipality any and all powers necessary and appropriate for the establishment operation and maintenance of such court Section II Paragraph I Supreme Court Justices Quorum The Supreme Court shall consist of seven associate justices who shall from time to time as they may deem proper elect one of their member as Chief Justice and one as Presiding Justice the office of Chief Justice as it has heretofore existed under this Constitution being hereby converted into the office of an associate justice with the same right of incumbency and the same succession as to terms as applied to the former office The Chief Justice so elected by the other Justices shall be the chief presiding and administrative officer of the court and the Presiding Justice elected in like manner shall perform all the duties devolving upon the Chief Justice when he is absent or disqualified A majority of the court shall constitute a quorum Paragraph II Court to Designate Judges to Preside WhenMeans for Supreme Court to Prevent Delay in Congested Dockets When one or more of the justices of the Supreme Court are disqualified from deciding any case by interest or otherwise the qualified Justices shall designate a judge or judges of the Superior Court to preside in said case provided that if all the justices are disqualified they or a majority of them shall despite their disqualifications select seven judges of the 247 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 2 Par 2 superior court to preside in the cause but they shall make such selections by lot and in open court from not less than twelve names of such superior court judges Paragraph III Terms of Office The Justices aforesaid shall hold their offices for six years and until their successors are qualified They shall be elected by the people at the same time and in the same manner as members of the General Assembly provided that the successors to the two incumbents whose terms will expire on December 31 1946 shall be elected for the succeeding terms at the time of electing members of the General Assembly during that year successors to the two incumbents whose terms will expire on December 31 1948 shall be elected in like manner during that year successors to the two incumbents whose terms will expire on December 31 1950 shall be elected in like manner during that year and provided further that an additional or seventh Justice shall be immediately appointed by the Governor his tenure under such appointment to expire on December 31 1946 and his successor for the ensuing regular term of six years to be elected at the time and in the manner aforesaid at such general election to be held during that year and all terms except unexpired terms shall be for six years In case of any vacancy which causes an unexpired term the same shall be filled by executive appointment and the person appointed by the Governor shall hold his office until the next regular election and until his successor for the balance of the unexpired term shall have been elected and qualified The returns of such elections shall be made to the Secretary of State who shall certify the result to the Governor and commission shall issue accordingly Paragraph IV Jurisdiction of Supreme Court The Supreme Court shall have no original jurisdiction but shall be a court alone for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and the city courts of Atlanta and Savannah as existed on August 16 1916 and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases that involve the construction of the Constitution of 248 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 2 Par 4 the State of Georgia or of the United States or of treaties between the United States and foreign governments in all cases in which the constitutionality of any law of the State of Georgia or of the United States is drawn in question and until otherwise provided by law in all cases respecting title to land in all equity cases in all cases which involve the validity of or the construction of wills in all cases of conviction of a capital felony in all habeas corpus cases in all cases involving extraordinary remedies in all divorce and alimony cases and in all cases certified to it by the Court of Appeals for its determination It shall also be competent for the Supreme Court to require by certiorari or otherwise any case to be certified to the Supreme Court from the Court of Appeals for review and determination with the same power and authority as if the case had been carried by writ of error to the Supreme Court Any case carried to the Supreme Court or to the Court of Appeals which belongs to the class of which the other court has jurisdiction shall until otherwise provided by law be transferred to the other court under such rules as the Supreme Court may prescribe and the cases so transferred shall be heard and determined by the court which has jurisdiction thereof The General Assembly may provide for carrying cases or certain classes of cases to the Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals from the trial courts otherwise than by writ of error and may prescribe conditions as to the right of a party litigant to have his case reviewed by the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals The Supreme Court shall also have jurisdiction of and shall decide cases transferred to it by the Court of Appeals because of an equal division between the judges of that Court when sitting as a body for the determination of cases Paragraph V Cases how disposed of The Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals shall dispose of every case at the term for which it is entered on the courts docket for hearing as provided by Paragraph VIII of this Article and Section or at the next term If the plaintiff in error shall not be prepared to prosecute the case at the term for which it is so entered for hearing unless prevented by providential cause it shall be 249 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 2 Par 5 stricken from the docket and the judgment below shall stand affirmed No writ of error shall be dismissed because of delay in transmission of the bill of exceptions and the copy of the record or either of them resulting from the default of the clerk or other cause unless it shall appear that the plaintiff in error or his counsel caused such delay Nothing herein shall be construed to excuse the clerk for any ommission of duty or to relieve him of any liability resulting therefrom Paragraph VI Judgments may be withheld In any case the Court may in its discretion withhold its judgment until the next term after the same is argued Paragraph VII The Supreme Court how cases to be heard and determined The Supreme Court shall have power to hear and determine cases when sitting in a body under sue regulations as may be prescribed by it Paragraph VIII Court of Appeals The Court of Appeals shall consist of the Judges provided therefor by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment and of such additional Judges as the General Assembly shall from time to time prescribe All terms of the Judges of the Court of Appeals after the expiration of the terms of the Judges provided for by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment except unexpired terms shall continue six years and until their successors are qualified The times and manner of electing Judges and the mode of filling a vacancy which causes an unexpirea term shall be the same as are or may be provided for by the laws relating to the election and appointment of Justices of the Supreme Court The Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and from the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah a they existed on August 19 1916 and such other like courts have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in cases in which such jurisdiction has not been conferred by this Constitution upon the Supreme Court and in such other cases as may hereafter be prescribed by law except that where a case 250 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 2 Par 8 is pending in the Court of Appeals and the Court of Appeals desires instruction from the Supreme Court it may certify the same to the Supreme Court and thereupon a transcript of the record shall be transmitted to the Supreme Court which after having afforded to the parties an opportunity to be heard thereon shall instruct the Court of Appeals on the question so certified and the Court of Appeals shall be bound by the instruction so given But if by reason of equal division of opinion among the Justices of the Supreme Court no such instruction is given the Court of Appeals may decide the question The manner of certifying questions to the Supreme Court by the Court of Appeals and the subsequent proceedings in regard to the same in the Supreme Court shall be as the Supreme Court shall by its rules prescribe until otherwise provided by law No affirmance of the judgment of the court below in cases pending in the Court of Appeals shall result from delay in disposing of questions or cases certified from the Court of Appeals to the Supreme Court or as to which such certificate has been required by the Supreme Court as hereinbefore provided All writs of error in the Supreme Court or the Court of Appeals when received by its clerk during a term of the Court and before the docket of the term is by order of the Court closed shall be entered thereon and when received at any other time shall be entered on the docket of the next term and they shall stand for hearing at the term for which they are so entered under such rules as the Court may prescribe until otherwise provided by law the Court of Appeals shall appoint a clerk and a sheriff of the court The reporter of the Supreme Court shall be reporter of the Court of Appeals until otherwise provided by law The laws relating to the Supreme Court as to qualification and salaries of Judges the designation of other Judges to preside when members of the Court are disqualified the powers duties salaries fees and terms of officers the mode of carrying cases to the Court the powers practice procedure times of sitting and costs of the Court the publication of reports of cases decided therein and in all other respects except as otherwise provided in this Constitution or by the laws as to the Court of Appeals at the time of the ratifi 251 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 2 Par 8 cation of this amendment and until otherwise provided by law shall apply to the Court of Appeals so far as they can be made to apply The decisions of the Supreme Court shall bind the Court of Appeals as precedents The Court of Appeals shall have power to hear and determine cases when sitting in a except as may be otherwise provided by the General Assembly In the event of an equal division of judges on any case when the Court is sitting as a body the case shall be immediately transferred to the Supreme Court Paragraph IX The Supreme Court and Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction to review by directwrit of error and without the necessity of a motion for new trial having been made all final judgments orders decrees and adjudications rendered by any juvenile court created or referred to in an Act of the General Assembly approved February 19 1951 Ga Laws 1951 p 291 as amended and any other juvenile court that may be hereafter established and it shall further be the duty of the Solicitor General of the judicial circuit within which juvenile court or courts are located to represent the juvenile court on such appeals The time for filing such bill of exceptions and the procedure governing same shall be as now provided by law for appeals or as may hereafter be provided by law but in any case the Juvenile Judge may by order grant extensions of time for the filing of such bill of exceptions so as to afford opportunity for preparation of a brief or transcript of evidence in cases where such is required Section III Superior Courts Paragraph I Terms etc of Superior Court Judges There shall be a judge of the Superior Courts for each judicial circuit whose term of office shall be for four years and until his successor is qualified He may act in other circuits when 252 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 3 Par 1 authorized by law The legislature shall have authority to add one or more additional judges of the superior court for any judicial circuit in this State and shall have authority to regulate the manner in which the judges of such circuits shall dispose of the business thereof and shall fix the time at which the term or terms of office of such additional judge or judges shall begin and the manner of his appointment or election and shall have authority from time to time to add to the number of such judges in any judicial circuit or to reduce the number of judges in any judicial circuit provided that at all times there shall be at least one judge in every judicial circuit of this State Notwithstanding the provision of this Section providing for a term of four years for Judges of the Superior Courts and notwithstanding any other provision of the Constitution of Georgia the term of office of each of the Judges of the Superior Court of the Atlanta Judicial Circuit who is elected at the General Election of 1956 shall be for eight years from January 1 1957 and until his successor is qualified and the term of each of the Judges of the Superior Court of the Atlanta Judicial Circuit elected in subsequent years shall be eight years and until his successor is qualified Paragraph II Elections when to be held The successors to the present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors of the whole State entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held for such members next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Paragraph III Terms begin when The terms of the judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their elections Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appointments of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected 253 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 See 4 Par 1 Section IV Paragraph I Exclusive jurisdiction The Superior Courts shall have exclusive jurisdiction in cases of divorce in criminal cases where the offender is subjected to loss of life or confinement in the penitentiary in cases respecting titles to land and equity cases Paragraph II Equity may be merged in common law courts The General Assembly may confer upon the Courts of common law all the powers heretofore exercised by Courts of equity in this State Paragraph III General jurisdiction Said Courts shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases except as hereinafter provided Paragraph IV Appellate jurisdiction They shall have appellate jurisdiction in all such cases as may be provided by law Paragraph V Certiorari mandamus etc They shall have power to correct errors in inferior judicatories by writ of certiorari which shall only issue on the sanction of the Judge and said Courts and the judges thereof shall have power to issue writs of mandamus prohibition scire facias and all other writs that may be necessary for carrying their powers fully into effect and shall have such other powers as are or may be conferred on them by law Paragraph VI New trials The Superior and City Courts may grant new trials on legal grounds Paragraph VII Judgment of the court The Court shall render judgment without the verdict of a jury in all civil cases except actions ex delicto where no issuable defense is filed except as otherwise provided in this Constitution and subject to the right of trial by a jury on written demand of either party 254 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 See 4 Par 8 Paragraph VIII Sessions The Superior Courts shall sit in each county not less than twice in each year at such times as have been or may be appointed by law The judges of said Courts may on reasonable notice to the parties at any time m vacation at chambers hear and determine by interlocutory or final judgment any matter or issue where a jury verdict is not required or may be waived Paragraph IX Presiding judge disqualified The General Assembly may provide by law for the appointment of some proper person to preside in cases where the presiding judge is from any cause disqualified 5 J 6 Section V Paragraph I Judges of superior and city courts may alternate when In any county within which there is or hereafter may be a city Court the Judge of said Court and of the superior Court may preside in the Courts of each other in cases where the judge of either Court is disqualified to preside Section VI Paragraph I Appeals from Ordinary The powers of a Court of Ordinary and of Probate shall be vested in an Ordinary for each county from whose decision there may be an appeal or by consent of parties without a decision to the Superior Court under regulations prescribed by law Paragraph II Powers The Courts of Ordinary shall have such powers in relation to roads bridges ferries public buildm paupers county officers county funds county taxes and other county matters as may be conferred on them by law The Court of Ordinary shall have jurisdiction to issue warrants try cases and impose sentences thereon in all misdemeanor cases arising under the Act known as the Georgia 255 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 6 Par 2 State Highway Patrol Act of 1937 and other traffic laws and in all cases arising under the Compulsory School Attendance law in all counties of this State in which there is no city or county court provided the defendant waives a jury trial Like jurisdiction is also conferred upon the judges of the police courts of incorporated cities and municipal court judges for offense arising under the Act known as the Georgia State Highway Patrol Act of 1937 and other traffic laws of the State within their respective jurisdiction Paragraph III Term of office The Ordinary shall hold his office for the term of four years and until his successor is elected and qualified Section VII Justices of the Peace Paragraph I Number and Term of Office There shall be in each militia district one justice of the peace whose official term except whenelected to fill an unexpired term shall be for four years Provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and of notary public exofficio justice of the peace in any city of this State having a population of over twenty thousand and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new court or courts or system of courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subject matter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or subjectmatter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together with such provision as to rules and pro 256 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 7 Par 1 cedure in such courts as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph I of Section IX of Article VI of the Constitution of Georgia Provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts the the office of justice of the peace and notary public exofficio justice of the peace in any county in this State having within its borders a city having a population of over twenty thousand and as well in the County of Glynn and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary or conferring upon existing courts by extension of their jurisdiction as to subject matter now exercised by justice courts and by justices oi the peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount subjectmatter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together also with such provisions as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors m and by said courts and with such further provision tor the correction of errors by the superior court or the Court ot Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may xrom time to time m its discretion provide or authorize The civil court of Fulton County shall have jurisdiction in Fulton Gounty and outside the city limits of Atlanta either concurrently with or supplemental to or in lieu of justice courts as may be now or hereafter provided by law Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down m Paragraph I of Section IX of Article VI of the Constitution ot Georgia Paragraph II Jurisdiction Justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases arising ex contractu and in cases 257 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 See 7 Par 2 of injury or damage to and conversion of personal property when the principal sum does not exceed two hundred dollars and shall sit monthly at fixed times and places but in all cases there may be an appeal to a jury in said court or an appeal to the Superior Court under such regulations as may be prescribed by law Paragraph III Elections and commissions Justices of the peace shall be elected by the legal voters in their respective districts and shall be commissioned by the Governor They shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office Section VIII Notaries Public Paragraph I Appointment number term removal Commissioned notaries public not to exceed one for each militia district may be appointed by the judges of the superior courts in their respective circuits upon recommendation of the grand juries of the several counties They shall be commissioned by the Governor for the term of four years and shall be exofficio justices of the peace and shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office Section IX Uniformity of Courts Paragraph I Uniformity provided for Except as otherwise I provided in this Constitution the jurisdiction powers proceed I ings and practice of all courts or officers invested with judicial I powers except City Courts of the same grade or class so far 258 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 9 Par 1 as regulated by law and the force and effect of the process judgment and decree by such courts severally shall be uniform This uniformity must be established by the General Assembly and in case of City Courts may be established by the General Assembly Section X Attorney General Paragraph I Election term of office There shall be an Attorney General of this State who shall be elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor Paragraph II Duties It shall be the duty of the Attorney General to act as the legal adviser of the Executive Department to represent the State in the Supreme Court in all Capital felonies and in all Civil and Criminal Cases in any Court when required by the Governor and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law Section XI Solicitors General Paragraph I Number term of office vacancies There shall be a solicitor general for each judicial circuit whose official term except to fill a vacancy shall be four years The successors of present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors of the whole State qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held next pre 259 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 11 Par 1 ceding the expiration of their respective terms Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other cause shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of 30 days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected Paragraph II Duties It shall be the duty of the Solicitor General to represent the State in all cases in the Superior Courts of his Circuit and in all cases taken up from the Superior Courts of his Circuit to the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law Section XII Salaries of Justices Judges and Solicitors General Paragraph I Salaries of Justices Judges and Solicitors General The Justices of the Supreme Court each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 8000 per annum the Judges of the Court of Appeals each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 8000 per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 6000 per annum and the Solicitors General shall each have out of the treasury of the State a salary of 25000 per annum with the right of the General Assembly to authorize any county to supplement the salary of a judge of the Superior Court and Solicitor General of the Judicial Circuit in which such county lies out of county funds provided however where such salary is at the time of the adoption of this Constitution being supplemented out of county funds under existing laws such laws shall remain in force until altered by the General Assembly Provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of Richmond County or the Ordinary or such other board or person as may from time to time have charge of the fiscal affairs of said county shall without further legislative action continue to supplement from said 260 CONSTITUTION OP THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 See 12 Par 1 County s treasury the salary of the Judge of Superior Court of the circuit of which the said County of Richmond is a part bytJe sum f Two Thousand 2000 Dollars per annum which shall be m audition to the amount received by said judge out of the State treasury and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said County and such payment shall be made to the judge now in office during his present or subsequent terms as well as to his successors with the authority in the General Assembly to increase such salary irom the County treasury as above provided Paragraph II Powers to abolish or reinstate fees of Solicitor General The General Assembly shall have power at any time by a majority vote of each branch to abolish the fees at present accruing to the office of solicitor general in any particular judicial circuit and in lieu thereof to prescribe a salary for such office without regard to the uniformity of such salaries in the various circuits and shall have the further power to determine what disposition shall be made of the fines forfeitures and fees accruing to the office of solicitor general in any it circuit where the fees are abolished and likewise shall have the further power if it so desires to abolish such salary and reestablish such fees but in either event when so changed the change shall not become effective until the end of the term to which the solicitor general was elected Section XIII Qualifications of Justices Judges Etc Paragraph I Age citizenship practice of law No person shall be Justice of the Supreme Court Court of Appeals Judge t Superior Courts or Attorney General unless at the time ol his election he shall have attained the age of thirty years 261 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 13 Par 1 and shall have been a citizen of the State three years and have practiced law for seven years and no person shall be hereafter elected Solicitor General unless at the time of his election he shall have attained twentyfive years of age shall have been a citizen of the State for three years and shall have practiced law for three years next preceding his election Paragraph II Chief Justices Emeritus and Justices Emeritus of the Supreme Court Judges Emeritus of the Court of Appeals and Judges Emeritus of the Superior Courts shall be eligible to preside in or over the courts in which they are Chief Justices Justices or Judges Emeritus The General Assembly shall prescribe the method or manner in which they may be called upon for temporary service Section XIY Venue Paragraph I Divorce cases Divorce cases shall be brought in the county where the defendant resides if a resident of this state if the defendant be not a resident of this state then in the county in which the plaintiff resides provided that any person who has been a resident of any United States Army Post or military reservation within the State of Georgia for one year next preceding the filing of the petition may bring an action for divorce in any county adjacent to said United States Army Post or military reservation Paragraph II Land titles Cases respecting titles to land shall be tried in the county where the land lies except where a single tract is divided by a county line in which case the Superior Court of either county shall have jurisdiction Paragraph III Equity cases Equity cases shall be tried in the county where a defendant resides against whom substantial relief is prayed 262 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 14 Par 4 Paragraph IV Suits against joint obligors copartners etc Suits against joint obligors joint promissors copartners or joint trespassers residing in different counties may be tried in either county Paragraph V Suits against maker endorser etc Suits against the maker and endorser of promissory notes or drawer acceptor and endorser of foreign or inland bills of exchange or like instruments residing in different counties shall be brought in the county where the maker or acceptor resides Paragraph VI All other cases All other civil cases shall be tried in the county where the defendant resides and all criminal cases shall be tried in the county where the crime was committed except cases in the Superior Courts where the Judge is satisfied that an impartial jury cannot be obtained in such county Section XV Change of Venue Paragraph I Power to change venue The power to change the venue in civil and criminal cases shall be vested in the Superior Courts to be exercised in such manner as has been or shall be provided by law Section XVI Jury Trial Paragraph I Right of trial by jury The right of trial by jury except where it is otherwise provided in this Constitution shall remain inviolate but the General Assembly may prescribe any number not less than five to constitute a trial or traverse jury except in the Superior Court Paragraph II Selection of jurors The General Assembly 263 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 16 Par 2 shall provide by law for the selection of the most experienced intelligent and upright men to serve as grand jurors and intelligent and upright men to serve as traverse jurors Nevertheless the grand jurors shall be competent to serve as traverse jurors The General Assembly shall have the power to require jury service of women also under such regulations as the General Assembly may prescribe Paragraph III Compensation of jurors It shall be the duty of the General Assembly by general laws to prescribe the manner of fixing compensation of jurors in all counties in this State Section XVII County Commissioners Paragraph I Power to create County Commissioners The General Assembly shall have power to provide for the creation of county commissioners in such counties as may require them and to define their duties Section XVIII What Courts May Be Abolished Paragraph I Power to abolish courts All courts not specially mentioned by name in the first section of this Article may be abolished in any county at the discretion of the General Assembly Paragraph II Supreme Court cost Pauper oath The cost in the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals shall not exceed 1500 until otherwise provided by law Plaintiffs in error shall not be required to pay costs in said courts when the usual pauper oath is filed in the court below 264 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 1 Par 1 ARTICLE VII Finance Taxation and Public Debt Section I Power of Taxation Paragraph I Taxation a sovereign right The right of taxation is a sovereign rightinalienable indestructibleis the life of the State and rightfully belongs to the people in all Republican governments and neither the General Assembly nr ny Por all other departments of the Government established by this Constitution shall ever have the authority to irrevocably give grant limit or restrain this right and all laws grants contracts and all other acts whatsoever by said government or any department thereof to affect any of these purposes shall be and are hereby declared to be null and void for every purpose whatsoever and said right of taxation shall always be under the complete control of and revocable by the otate notwithstanding any gift grant or contract whatsoever by the General Assembly The power to tax corporations and corporate property shall not be surrendered or suspended by any contract or grant to which the State shall be a party Paragraph II Taxing power limited 1 The General Assembly shall not by vote resolution or order grant any donation or gratuity in favor of any person corporation or association The General Assembly is authorized to provide by law for the payment of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars 25000000 to the first person firm or corporation or combination thereof which puts down and brings in the first commercial oil well in this State Such well must produce at least 100 barrels of oil per day and the determination as to whether such well is producing this amount 265 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 1 Par 1 is hereby vested in the Director of the State Department of Mines Mining and Geology Said law shall provide for the distribution of said amount as the General Assembly may by statute provide between the company or individual who drills or causes to be drilled said well the contractor who furnishes the equipment among such workmen and employees actually engaged in the job and to the mineral andor property owner where the well is drilled The General Assembly shall provide for the method of payment by the Governor 2 The General Assembly shall not grant or authorize extra compensation to any public officer agent or contractor after the service has been rendered or the contract entered into 3 The levy of taxes on property for any one year by the General Assembly for all purposes except to provide for repelling invasions suppressing insurrections or defending the State in time of war shall not exceed onefourth mill on each dollar of the value of the property taxable in the State provided however that until some other method permitted by the laws of the United States for the taxation of national banking associations or corporations is enacted by the General Assembly for the taxation of the shares of stock of banking corporations and other monied capital coming into competition with such banking corporations such property may be taxed at a rate not exceeding five 5 mills on each dollar of the value thereof 4 No poll tax shall be levied to exceed one dollar annually upon each poll 5 That there is hereby created a board to be known as the State Medical Education Board to consist of five members one of whom shall be the President of Georgia Medical Association one of whom shall be the immediate past President of the Georgia Medical Association and three members to be appointed by the Governor who shall be qualified electors of the State of Georgia The members of the board shall hold office for a 266 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 1 Par 2 term of four years beginning on the first day of April 1 1953 and every four years thereafter the Governor shall appoint three members for a term of four years and shall appoint the President and the immediate Past President of the Georgia Medical Association pursuant to their position and office in those respective capacities Vacancies shall be filled by appointment of the Governor for the unexpired term The members of the Board shall serve without pay but shall be allowed 750 per day expenses and traveling expenses of five cents 5c per mile for attending meetings of the board or m traveling elsewhere in the discharge of their duties requiring their absence from their respective places of abode same to be paid upon the approval of the Chairman or ViceChairman of the board out of any funds made available to said board The secretary of the board shall be whomsoever is serving as the secretary of the Board of Regents who shall keep the records and minutes of the proceedings of the board and who and whose compensation as secretary of this board shall not exceed the sum of 240000 per annum payable monthly The secretary shall prepare and countersign all checks vouchers and warrants drawn upon the funds of the board and the same shall be signed by the chairman of the board The secretary shall also be the treasurer of the board and shall keep and account for all the funds of the board and shall execute and file with the board a surety bond in the sum of 1000000 payable to the State of Ceorgia and conditioned upon the faithful performance of his duties and that he shall properly account for all funds coming into his hands as such secretary the premium on such bond to be paid out of the funds of the board He shall devote his full time to the duties of his office The board may employ clerical assistance as is required and needed The board shall elect a chairman and also a vicechairman to 267 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 1 Par 2 serve in the absence or inability of the chairman The board shall maintain an office at the Medical College of Georgia and shall meet at the said office or elsewhere at least once each quarter at such time as may be fixed by the board Special meetings shall be held upon call of the chairman Three members of the board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the board shall keep full complete and permanent minutes and records of all its proceedings and actions It shall be the duty of the board to receive and pass upon allow or disallow all applications for loans or scholarships made by students who are bona fide citizens and residents of the State of Georgia and who desire to become doctors of medicine and who are acceptable for enrollment in a qualified fouryear medical school The purpose of such loans shall be to enable such applicants to obtain a standard fouryear medical education which will qualify them to become licensed practicing physicians within the State of Georgia It shall be the duty of the board to make a careful and full investigation of the ability character and qualifications of each applicant and determine his fitness to become the recipient of such loan or scholarship and for that purpose the board may propound such examination to each applicant which it deems proper and the said board may prescribe such rules and regulations as it deems necessary and proper to carry out the purpose and intention of this bill The investigation of the applicant shall include an investigation of the ability of the applicant or of the parents of such applicant to pay his own tuition at such a medical school and the board in granting such loans and scholarships shall give preference to qualified applicants who or whose parents are unable to pay the applicants tuition at such a medical school The said board shall have authority to grant to each applicant deemed by the board to be qualified to receive the same a loan or scholarship for the purpose of acquiring a medical education as herein provided for upon such terms and conditions to be imposed by the board as provided for in this bill Applicants who are granted loans or scholarships by the board 268 CONSTITUTION OP THE STATE OP GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 1 Par 2 shall receive a loan not to exceed 500000 to any one applicant to be paid in annual installments not exceeding 150000 per annum with which to defray his or her tuition and other expenses in any reputable accepted and accredited fouryear medical college or school in the United States or a scholarship in such medical college or school for a term not exceeding four years the cost of such scholarship not to exceed 500000 same to be paid at such time and in such manner as may be determined by the board The loans and scholarships herein provided shall not exceed the sums herein stated but they may be prorated in such manner as to pay to the medical school to which any applicant is admitted such funds as are required by that school and the balance to be paid direct to the applicant all of which shall be under such terms and conditions as may be provided under rules and regulations of the board The said loans or scholarships to be granted to each applicant shall be based upon the condition that the full amount thereof shall be repaid to the State of Georgia in cash in full with 4 interest from the date of each payment by the state on such loan or scholarship same to be payable annually the first annual payment to be due on or before one year from the date the applicant completes his interneship or same may be repaid to the State of Georgia in services to be rendered by the applicant by practicing his profession at some place within the State of Georgia to be approved by the board Onefifth of the loan or scholarship together with interest thereon to be credited to the applicant for each year of practicing his profession in a community of 5000 population or less according to 1950 census and no annual interest on the scholarship loan shall be paid during such practice or service After the third full year of practice or services within this State as herein provided but not before the said applicant shall be privileged entirely at the discretion of the Board heretofore created to pay off the balance of the scholarship loan together with accrued interest thereon and upon such payment shall be relieved from further obligations under his contract for loan or scholarship Each applicant before being granted a loan or scholarship shall 269 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 1 Par 2 enter into a contract with the State of Georgia agreeing to the terms and conditions upon which the loan or scholarship shall be granted to him which said contract shall include such terms and provisions as will carry out the full purpose and intent of this act and the form thereof shall be prepared and approved by the Attorney General of this State and shall be signed by the Chairman of the Board countersigned by the Secretary and shall be signed by the applicant For the purposes of this act the disabilities of minority of all applicants granted loans or scholarships hereunder shall be and the same are hereby removed and the said applicants are declared to be of full lawful age for the purpose of entering into the contract hereinabove provided for and such contract so executed by any applicant is hereby declared to be a valid and binding contract the same as though the said applicant were of the full age of 21 years and upward The board is hereby vested with full and complete authority and power to sue in its own name any applicant for any balance due the board on any such contract It shall be the duty of the board to contact and make inquiry of such of the fouryear medical colleges and schools as herein provided as it deems proper and make such arrangements and enter into such contracts within the limitations as to cost as herein provided for the admission of students granted loans or scholarships by the board such contracts to be approved by the attorney general of this state and the money obligations of such contract as made by the board with any such colleges shall be paid for out of funds to be provided by law for such purposes and all students granted loans or scholarships shall attend a medical school with which the board has entered into a contract or any accredited fouryear medical school or college in which said applicant may obtain admission and which is approved by the Board The board shall have authority to cancel any contract made between it and any applicant for loans or scholarships upon cause deemed sufficient by the board And the board shall have authority to cancel such contracts which it may lawfully cancel 270 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 1 Par 2 made with any of the colleges or schools as herein provided 4 payments of funds for loans or scholarships hereunder snail be made by requisition of the board signed by the chairman and the secretary directed to the auditor of public accounts who shall thereupon issue a warrant on the treasury of the btate of Georgia for the amount fixed in the requisition and payable to the person designated thereon which said warrant upon presentation shall be paid by the treasurer out of any funds appropriated by the Legislature for the purposes provided for under this act All funds made available to the board by act of the Legislature for the purpose of defraying expenses of the board and the salaries of its secretary and employees shall be paid over and received by the treasurer of this board and by him deposited in some solvent bank within the State of Georgia selected by the board and such funds may be drawn and expended by check or warrant signed by the chairman and attested by the secretary The board shall make a biennial report to the Legislature at each session thereof of its activities loans or scholarships grantf IJ1Pers01s to whom granted and the institution attendejd by those receiving the same the location of the applicants who have received their education and become licensed physicians and surgeons within this State as a result of the said oans andor scholarships and where they are practicing and shall make a full report of all of its expenditures for salaries ana expenses incurred hereunder It is the purpose and intent of this bill to bring about an adesupply j octors of medicine in the more sparsely popuated areas of the State of Georgia by increasing the number 1 V1 j sdents from Georgia in the various medical schools and inducing a sufficient number of the graduates from medical 5Pools to return to Georgia and practice their profession thus axlording adequate medical care to the people of Georgia Paragraph III Uniformity classification of property All 271 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 1 Par 3 taxes shall be levied and collected under general laws and for public purposes only All taxation shall be uniform upon the same class of subjects within the territorial limits of the authority levying the tax Classes of subjects for taxation of property shall consist of tangible property and one or more classes of intangible personal property including money The General Assembly shall have the power to classify property including money for taxation and to adopt different rates and different methods for different classes of such property Paragraph IV Exemptions from taxation The General Assembly may by law exempt from taxation all public property places of religious worship or burial and all property owned by religious groups used only for residential purposes and from which no income is derived all institutions of purely public charity all intangible personal property owned by or irrevocably held in trust for the exclusive benefit of religious educational and charitable institutions no part of the net profit from the operation of which can inure to the benefit of any private person all buildings erected for and used as a college incorporated academy or other seminary of learning and also all funds or property held or used as endowment by such colleges incorporated academies or seminaries of learning provided the same is not invested in real estate and provided further that said exemptions shall only apply to such colleges incorporated academies or other seminaries of learning as are open to the general public provided further that all endowments to institutions established for white people shall be limited to white people and all endowments to institutions established for colored people shall be limited to colored people the real and personal estate of any public library and that of any other literary association used by or connected with such library all books and philosophical apparatus and all paintings and statuary of any company or association kept in a public hall and not held as merchandise or for purposes of sale or gain provided the property so exempted be not used for the purpose of private or corporate profit and income distributable to shareholders in corporations owning such property or to 272 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 1 Par 4 other owners of such property and any income from such property is used exclusively for religious educational and charitable purposes or for either one or more of such purposes and for the purpose of maintaining and operating such institution this exemption shall not apply to real estate or buildings other than those used for the operation of such institution and which is rented leased or otherwise used for the primary purpose of securing an income thereon and also provided that such donations of property shall not be predicated upon an agreement contract or otherwise that the donor or donors shall receive or retain any part of the net or gross income of the property The General Assembly shall further have power to exempt from taxation farm products including baled cotton grown in this State and remaining in the hands of the producer but not longer than for the year next after their production All personal clothing household and kitchen furniture personal property used and included within the home domestic animals and tools and implements of trade of manual laborers but not including motor vehicles are exempted from all State County Municipal and School District ad valorem taxes in an amount not to exceed 30000 in actual value The homestead of each resident of Georgia actually occupied by the owner as a residence and homestead and only so long as actually occupied by the owner primarily as such but not to exceed 200000 of its value is hereby exempted from all ad valorem taxation for State county and school purposes except taxes levied by municipalities for school purposes and except o pay interest on and retire bonded indebtedness provided however should the owner of a dwelling house on a farm who is already entitled to homestead exemption participate in the program of rural housing and obtain a new house under contract with the local housing authority he shall be entitled to receive the same homestead exemption as allowed before making such contract The General Assembly may from time to time lower said exemption to not less than 125000 The value of all property in excess of the foregoing exemptions shall remain 273 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 1 Par 4 subject to taxation Said exemptions shall be returned and claimed in such manner as prescribed by the General Assembly The exemption herein provided for shall not apply to taxes levied by municipalities All cooperative nonprofit membership corporations organized under the laws of this State for the purpose of engaging in rural electrification as defined in subsection 1 of Section 3 of the Act approved March 30 1937 providing for their incorporation and all of the real and personal property owned or held by such corporations for such purpose are hereby exempted from all taxation state county municipal school district and political or territorial subdivisions of the State having the authority to levy taxes The exemption herein provided for shall expire December 31 1961 There shall be exempt from all ad valorem intangible taxes in this State the common voting stock of a subsidiary corporation not doing business in this State if at least ninety per cent of such common voting stock is owned by a Georgia corporation with its principal place of business located in this State and was acquired or is held for the purpose of enabling the parent company to carry on some part of its established line of business through such subsidiary All laws exempting property from taxation other than the property herein enumerated shall be void The Legislature may exempt from taxation intangible personal property owned by a trust forming a part of a pension profit sharing or stock bonus plan if such trust is exempt from federal income tax under Section 165 a of the Federal Internal Revenue Code Existing laws exempting such property from taxation are hereby ratified Paragraph V Exemptions of certain industries continued Existing exemptions under the amendment to the Constitution providing for the exemption of certain industries from taxation appearing in Acts of the General Assembly of 1923 extra session page 67 ratified November 4 1924 shall continue of force until the expiration of the term for which granted 274 CONSTITUTION OP THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 2 Par 1 Section II Purposes and Method of Taxation Paragraph I Taxation how and for what purposes exercised He jjowers of taxation over the whole State shall be exercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only 1fxFr the suPPrt of the State Government and the public institutions 2 For educational purposes 3 To pay the principal and the interest on the public debt and to provide a sinking fund therefor 4cT sppfess insurrections to repel invasion and defend the State m time of war nake provision for the payment of pensions to exbonfederate soldiers and to the widows of Confederate soldiers who are unmarried of 6 To construct and maintain State State highways airports and docks buildings and a system 7 To make provision for the payment of oldage assistance to aged persons m need and for the payment of assistance to the needy blind and to dependent children and other welfare benefits provided that no person shall be entitled to the assistance herein authorized who does not qualify for such provisions in every respect in accordance with enactments of the General Assembly which may be in force and effect prescribing the qualifications for beneficiaries hereunder Provided no indebtedness against the State shall ever be created for the purpose herein stated in excess of the taxes lawfully levied each fiscal year under Acts of the General Assembly authorized hereunder for such purposes a In order to extend to the employees of the State any department of the State any State institution or political subdivi 275 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 2 Par 1 sions of the State and to the dependents and survivors of such employees the basic protection accorded others by the Old Age Survivors Insurance Program embodied under tJ Socalqf ecu2ny Act Act of Congress approved August 14 1935 49 btat bzu officially cited as the Social Security Act as such Act has been and may from time to time be amended and the Federal Insurance Contributions Act as set forth m SubChapter A of Chapter 9 of the Federal Internal Revenue Code as such Code has been and may from time to time be amended the General Assembly is authorized to enact such legislation as may be necessary to insure the coverage to employees of the State any department of the State any State institution or political subdivisions of the State and the dependents and survivors of such employees under said Social Security Act as the same has been or may be amended and the Federal Insurance Contributions Act as the same has been or may be amended and any provisions of this Constitution notwithstanding the State for and on behalf of itself its departments institutions or political subdivisions is hereby authorized to enter into agreements with the Federal Security Administrator or other appropriate official of the United States Government under the provisions of said Social Security Act as the same has been or may hereafter be amended in the manner as provided therein and as provided by the General Assembly The Teacher Retirement System oi Georgia and the Employees Retirement System of Georgia shall have the powers and duties as provided by law existing at time of the adoption of this provision of the State Constitution together with such further powers and duties as may be hereafter provided by law 8 To advertise and promote the agricultural industrial historic recreational and natural resources of the State oi Georgia 9 For public health purposes Paragraph II Teacher retirement systemtaxation for The powersSof taxation may be exercised by the State through the 276 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 2 Par 2 General Assembly and by counties and municipalities for the purpose of paying pensions and other benefits and costs under a teacher retirement system or systems provided no indebtedness against the State shall ever be created for the purpose herein stated in excess of the taxes lawfully levied each fiscal year under Acts of the General Assembly authorized hereunder Paragraph III Revenue to be paid into general fund All money collected from taxes fees and assessments for State purposes as authorized by revenue measures enacted by the General Assembly shall be paid into the General Fund of the State Treasury and shall be appropriated therefrom as required by this Constitution for the purposes set out in this Section and for these purposes only Paragraph IV Tax returns of public utilities The General Assembly may provide for a different method and time of returns assessments payment and collection of ad valorem taxes of public utilities but not at a greater basis of value or at a higher rate of taxation than other properties Paragraph V The powers of taxation may be exercised by the State through the General Assembly and the counties and municipalities for the purpose of paying pensions and other benefits and costs under a firemens pension system or systems The taxes so levied may be collected by such firemens pension system or systems and disbursed therefrom by authority of the General Assembly for the purposes herein authorized Section III State Debt Paragraph I Purposes for which contracted No debt shall be contracted by or on behalf of the State except to supply such temporary deficit as may exist in the treasury in any 277 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 3 Par 1 year for necessary delay in collecting the taxes of that year to repel invasion suppress insurrection and defend the State in time of war or to pay the existing public debt but the debt created to supply deficiencies in revenue shall not exceed in the aggregate five hundred thousand dollars and any loan made for this purpose shall be repaid out of the taxes levied for the year in which the loan is made However said debt may be increased in the sum of three million five hundred thousand dollars for the payment of the public school teachers of the State only The principal amount borrowed for payment of teachers shall be repaid each year out of the common school appropriation and the interest paid thereon shall be paid each year out of the general funds of the State Paragraph II Bonded debt increased when The bonded debt of the State shall never be increased except to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend the State in time of war Paragraph III Form of laws to borrow money All laws authorizing the borrowing of money by or on behalf of the State shall specify the purpose for which the money is to be used and the money so obtained shall be used for the purpose specified and for no other Paragraph IV State aid forbidden The credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned to any individual company corporation or association and the State shall not become a joint owner or stockholder in or with any individual company association or corporation Paragraph V Assumption of debts forbidden The State shall not assume the debt nor any part thereof of any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of the State unless such debt be contracted to enable the State to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend itself in time of war Provided however that the amendment to the Constitution proposed by the General Assembly and set forth in the pub CONSTITUTION OP THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 3 Par 5 lished Acts of the General Assembly of the year 1931 at page 97 which amendment was ratified on November 8 1932 and which amendment provided for the assumption by the State of indebtedness of the several counties of the State as well as that of the Coastal Highway District and the assessments made against the counties of said district for the construction and pavmg of the public roads or highways including bridges of the State under certain conditions and for the issuance of certificates of indebtedness for such indebtedness so assumed is continued of full force and effect until such indebtedness assumed by the State is paid and such certificates of indebtedness retired Paragraph VI Profit on public money The receiving directly or indirectly by any officer of State or county or member or officer of the General Assembly of any interest profits or perquisites arising from the use or loan of public funds in his hands or moneys to be raised through his agency for State or county purposes shall be deemed a felony and punishable as may be prescribed by law a part of which punishment shall be a disqualification from holding office Paragraph VII Certain bonds not to be paid The General Assembly shall have no authority to appropriate money either directly or indirectly to pay whole or any part of the principal or interest of the bonds or other obligations which have been pronounced illegal null and void by the General Assembly and the Constitutional amendments ratified by a vote of the people on the first day of May 1877 nor shall the General Assembly have authority to pay any of the obligations created fy the State under laws passed during the late war between the States nor any of the bonds notes or obligations made and entered into during the existence of said war the time for the payment of which was fixed after the ratification of a treaty of peace between the United States and the Confederate States nor shall the General Assembly pass any law or the Governor or any other State official enter into any contract 279 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 3 Par 7 or agreement whereby the State shall be made a party to any suit in any court of this State or of the United States instituted to test the validity of any such bonds or obligations Paragraph VIII Sale of States property to pay bonded debt The proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad and any other property owned by the State whenever the General Assembly may authorize the sale of the whole or I any part thereof shall be applied to the payment of the bonded I debt of the State and shall not be used for any other purpose I whatsoever so long as the State has any existing bonded debt I provided that the proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad shall be applied to the payment of the bonds for which said railroad has been mortgaged in preference to all other bonds Paragraph IX State sinking fund The General Assembly shall raise by taxation each year in addition to the sum required to pay the public expenses such amounts as are necessary to pay the interest on the public debt and the principal of the public debt maturing in such year and to provide a sinking fund to pay off and retire the bonds of the State which have not then matured The amount of such annual levy shall be j determined after consideration of the amount then held in the sinking fund The taxes levied for such purposes and the said sinking fund shall be applied to no other purpose whatever The funds in the said sinking fund may be invested in the bonds of the State and also in bonds and securities issued c by the Federal Government and subsidiaries of the Federal I Government fully guaranteed by that government If the said I bonds are not available for purchase the funds in the sinking I fund may be loaned by the Treasurer of the State with the I approval of the Governor upon terms to be fixed by such I officials and when amply secured by bonds of the State or I Federal Government I a 280 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 4 Par 1 Section IV Taxation by Counties blv shairaiiPnt LPYerf counties The General AssemPot ave power to delegate to any county the rieht to levy a tax for any purpose except g government expenses of administration of the county 2 To pay the principal and interest of anv debt of the county and to provide a sinking fund therefor ffesMI purposes upon Property located outside Constitution h1 systems as Provided in Article 8 of this 4 To build and repair the public buildings and bridges ljJaythe expeses of courts the maintenance and htfgationf Pns0ners and t0 pay sheriffs and coroners and for 6 To build and maintain a system of county roads j pu5lic health purposes in said county and for the collection and preservation of records of vital statistics 8 To pay county police 9 To support paupers agents0 couny aricultural and home demonstration 11 To provide for payment of old age assistance to aged 281 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 4 Par 1 persons in need and for the payment of assistance to needy blind and to dependent children and other welfare benefits provided that no person shall be entitled to the assistance herein authorized who does not qualify for such assistance in every respect in accordance with enactments of the General Assembly which may be in force and effect prescribing the qualifications for beneficiaries hereunder provided no indebtedness or liability against the county shall ever be created for the purpose herein stated in excess of the taxes lawfully levied each fiscal year under acts of the General Assembly authorized hereunder for such purposes 12 To provide for fire protection of forest lands and for the further conservation of natural resources 13 To provide medical or other care and hospitalization for the indigent sick people of the county 14 To acquire improve and maintain airports public parks and public libraries 15 To provide for workmens compensation and retirement or pension funds for officers and employees 16 To provide reasonable reserves for public improvements as may be fixed by law Paragraph II Districting of counties The General Assembly may district the territory of any county outside the limits of incorporated municipalities for the purpose of providing systems of waterworks sewerage sanitation and fire protection and authorize such counties to levy a tax only upon the taxable property in such district for the purpose of constructing and maintaining such improvement 282 CONSTITUTION OP THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 5 Par 1 Section V power ad contributions of counties shall Sdi Cal division restricted The General Assembly JJjil ot authorize any county municipal corporation or political division of this State through taxation contribution or or asciktioieCoTtr stockholder in any company corporation ciedlt to anv tappr0priate mney for or to its idividnal Pf t i comPaiy association institution or tion shall mf Potrior purely charitable purposes This restriction snail not operate to prevent the support of schools bv unicipal corporations within their respective limits Section VI Paragraph I Contracts for use of public facilities a The btate state institutions any city town municipality or county ot this State may contract for any period not exceeding fifty y rs with each other or with any public agency public corr authority now or hereafter created for the use by oS S tJle residents thereof of any facilities or l f St state institutions any city town municipubbc agency public corporation or authority P d such contracts shall deal with such activities and undertake118 SUCh subdivisions are by 1w authorized to b Any city town municipality or county of this State is empowered m connection with any contracts authorized by the preceding paragraph to convey to any public agency public orporafion or authority now or hereafter created existing tscilities operated by such city town municipality or county benefit of residents of such subdivisions provided the buildings and equipment so conveyed shall not be mortgaged or pledged to secure obligations of any such public agency public corporation or authority and provided such iacmties are to be maintained and operated by such public 283 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 See 6 Par 1 agency public corporation or authority for the same purposes for which such facilities were operated by such city town municipality or county Nothing in this section shall restrict the pledging of revenues of such facilities by any public agency public corporation or authority c Any city town municipality or county of this State or any combination of the same may contract with any public agency public corporation or authority for the care main I tenance and hospitalization of its indigent sick and may as a part of such contract obligate itself to pay for the cost of acquisition construction modernization or repairs of necessary I buildings and facilities by such public agency public corporation or authority and provide for the payment of such services and the cost to such public agency public corporations or authority of acquisition construction modernization or re II pair of buildings and facilities from revenues realized by such I city town municipality or county from any taxes authorized by I the Constitution of this State or revenues derived from any I other sources Section VII Limitation on County and Municipal Debts Paragraph I Debts of counties and cities The debt here I after incurred by any county municipal corporation or political I division of this State except as in this Constitution provided for shall never exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein and no such county municipality or division shall incur any new debt except for a temporary loan or loans to supply casual dficiences of revenue not to exceed onefifth of one per centum of the assessed value I of the taxable property therein without the assent of a majority I of the qualified voters of the county municipality or other I 284 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 7 Par 1 political subdivision voting in an election for that purpose to be held as prescribed by law and provided further that all laws charter provisions and ordinances heretofore passed or enacted providing special registration of the voters of counties municipal corporations and other political divisions of this State to pass upon the issuance of bonds by such counties municipal corporations and other political divisions are hereby declared to be null and void and the General Assembly shall hereafter have no power to pass or enact any law providing for such special registration but the validity of any and all bond issues by such counties municipal corporations or other political divisions made prior to January 1 1945 shall not be affected hereby provided that any county or municipality of this State may accept and use funds granted by the Federal Government or any agency thereof to aid in financing the cost of architectural engineering economic investigations studies surveys designs plans working drawings specifications procedures and other action preliminary to the construction of public works and where the funds so used for the purposes specified are to be repaid within a period of ten years Paragraph II Levy of taxes to pay bonds Any county municipal corporation or political division of this State which shall incur any bonded indebtedness under the provisions of this Constitution shall at or before the time of so doing provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of said debt within thirty years from the date of the incurring of said indebtedness Paragraph III Additional debt authorized when In addition to the debt authorized in Paragraph I of this section to be created by any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of this State a debt may be incurred by any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of this State in excess of seven per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein upon the following conditions Such 285 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 7 Par 3 additional debt whether incurred at one or more times shall not exceed in the aggregate three per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property in such county municipality or political subdivision such additional debt shall be payable in equal installments within the five years next succeeding the issuance of the evidences of such debt there shall be levied by the governing authorities of such county municipality or political subdivision prior to the issuance of such additional debt a tax upon all of the taxable property within such county municipality or political subdivision collectible annually sufficient to pay in full the principal and interest of such additional debt when as due such tax shall be in addition to and separate from all other taxes levied by such taxing authorities and the collections from such tax shall be kept separate and shall be held used and applied solely for the payment of the principal and interest of such additional indebtedness authority to create such additional indebtedness shall first have been authorized by the General Assembly the creation of such additional indebtedness shall have been first authorized by a vote of the registered voters of such county municipality or political subdivision at an election held for such purpose pursuant to and in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution and of the then existing laws for the creation of a debt by counties municipal corporations and political subdivisions of this State all of which provisions including those for calling advertising holding and determining the result of such election and the votes necessary to authorize the creation of an indebtedness are hereby made applicable to an election held for the purpose of authorizing such additional indebtedness Paragraph IV In addition to the obligations hereinbefore allowed each county municipality political subdivision of the State authorized to levy taxes and county board of education is given the authority to make temporary loans between January 1st and December 31st in each year to pay expenses for such year upon the following conditions The aggregate amount of all such loans of such county municipality political subdi 286 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 7 Par 4 vision or county Board of Education outstanding at any one time shall not exceed 75 of the total gross income of such county municipality political subdivision or county Board of Education from taxes collected by such county municipality political subdivision or County Board of Education in the last preceding year Such loans shall be payable on or before December 31st of the calendar year in which such loan is made No loan may be made in any year under the provisions of this paragraph when there is a loan then unpaid which was made m a prior year under the provisions of this paragraph Each such loan shall be first authorized by resolution fixing the terms of such loan adopted by a majority vote of the governing body of such county city political subdivision or county Board of Education at a meeting legally held and such resolution shall appear upon the minutes of such meeting No such county municipality subdivision or county Board of Education shall incur in any one calendar year an aggregate of such temporary loans and other contracts or obligations for current expenses in excess of the total anticipated revenue of such county municipality subdivision or county board of education for such calendar year or issue in one calendar year notes warrants or other evidences of such indebtedness in a total amount in excess of such anticipated revenue for such year Paragraph V Revenue anticipation obligations Revenue anticipation obligations may be issued by any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of this State to provide funds for the purchase or construction in whole or in part of any revenueproducing facility which such county municipal corporation or political subdivision is authorized by the Act of the General Assembly approved March 31st 1937 known as the The Revenue Certificate Laws of 1937 as amended by the Act approved March 14 1939 to construct and operate or to provide funds to extend repair or improve any such existing facility and to buy construct extend operate and maintain gas or electric generating and distribution systems together with all necessary appurtenances thereof Such revenue anti 287 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 7 Par 5 cipation obligations shall be payable as to principal and interest only from revenue produced by revenueproducing facilities of the issuing political subdivision and shall not be deemed debts of or to create debts against the issuing political subdivisions within the meaning of this paragraph or any other of this Constitution This authority shall apply only to revenue anticipation obligations issued to provide funds for the purchase construction extension repair or improvement of such facilities and undertakings as are specifically authorized and enumerated by said Act of 1937 as amended by said Act of 1939 and to buy construct extend operate and maintain gas or electric generating and distribution systems together with all necessary appurtenances thereof provided further any revenue certificates issued to buy construct extend operate and maintain gas or electric generating and distribution systems shall before being undertaken be authorized by a majority of those voting at an election held for the purpose in the county municipal corporation or political subdivision affected and provided further that a majority of the registered voters of such county municipal corporation or political subdivision affected shall vote in said election the election for such to be held in the same manner as is used in issuing bonds of such county municipal corporation or political subdivision and the said elections shall be called and provided for by officers in charge of the fiscal affairs of said county municipal corporation or political subdivision affected and no such issuing political subdivision of the State shall exercise the power of taxation for the purpose of paying the principal or interest of any such revenue anticipation obligations or any part thereof Provided that after a favorable election has been held as set forth above if municipalities counties or other political subdivisions shall purchase construct or operate such electric or gas utility plants from the proceeds of said revenue certificates and extend their services beyond the limits of the county in which the municipality or political subdivision is located then its services rendered and property located outside said county 288 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 7 Par 5 shall be subject to taxation and regulation as are privately owned and operated utilities Paragraph VI Refunding bonds The General Assembly is hereby authorized to create a commission and to vest such commission with the power to secure all necessary information and to approve or disapprove the issuance of bonds for the purpose of refunding any bonded indebtedness of any county municipality or political subdivision of this State issued prior to the adoption of this Constitution including the authority to approve or disapprove the amount and terms of such refunding bonds together with such other powers as to the General Assembly may seem proper but not in conflict with the provisions of the Constitution Such refunding bonds shall be authorized only where such county municipality or political subdivision has not the funds available to meet the payment of outstanding bonded indebtedness through failure to levy and collect the required taxes or through failure to maintain the required sinking fund for such bonds The General Assembly may approve the issuance of the said refunding bonds under the conditions stated Such refunding bonds shall not together with all other outstanding bonded indebtedness exceed the limits fixed by this Constitution for the maximum amount of bonded indebtedness which may be issued by such county municipality or political subdivision and shall be otherwise governed by all of the terms and provisions of this Constitution No bonds shall be issued under this paragraph to refund any bonds issued after the adoption of this Constitution Paragraph VII Refunding bonds to reduce bonded indebtedness The General Assembly is further authorized to give to the said Commission the power and authority to approve or disapprove the issuance of bonds to refund any outstanding bonded indebtedness of any county municipality or political subdivision now or hereafter issued for the purpose of reducing the amount payable principal or interest on such bonded indebtedness and upon the conditions that the issuance of such refunding bonds will reduce the amounts payable upon such outstanding bonds principal or interest Such refunding 289 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 7 Par 7 bonds shall replace such outstanding bonded indebtedness The said Commission shall have the authority to approve or disapprove the terms of any such proposed refunding bonds The General Assembly may authorize the issuance of such refunding bonds issued for the said purpose when approved by the said Commission and authorized by the governing authority of such county municipality or subdivision without an election by the qualified voters as otherwise required but in all other respects such refunding bonds shall comply with the provisions of this Constitution Section VIII Paragraph I Sinking funds for bonds All amounts collected from any source for the purpose of paying the principal and interest of any bonded indebtedness of any county municipality or subdivision and to provide for the retirement of such bonded indebtedness above the amount needed to pay the principal and interest on such bonded indebtedness due in the year of such collection shall be placed in a sinking fund to be held and used to pay off the principal and interest of such bonded indebtedness thereafter maturing The funds in such sinking fund shall be kept separate and apart from all other moneys of such county municipality or subdivision and shall be used for no purpose othan than that above stated The moneys in such sinking fund may be invested and reinvested by the governing authorities of such county municipality or subdivision or by such other authority as has been created to hold and manage such sinking fund in the bonds of such county municipality or subdivision and in bonds or obligations of the State of Georgia of the counties and cities thereof and of the government of the United States of subsidiary corporations of the Federal Government fully guaranteed by such government and no other Any person or persons violating the above provisions shall be guilty of mal 290 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 8 Par 1 practice in office and shall also be guilty of misdemeanor and shall be punished when convicted as prescribed by law for the punishment of misdemeanors until the General Assembly shall make other provisions for the violation of the terms of this paragraph Section IX Appropriation Control Paragraph I Preparation and submission of General Appropriation Bill The Governor shall submit to the General Assembly within fifteen days after its organization a budget message accompanied by a draft of a General Appropriation Bill which shall provide for the appropriation of the funds necessary to operate all the various departments and agencies and to meet the current expenses of the State for the ensuing fiscal year Paragraph II Continuation of General Appropriation Act Each General Appropriation Act with such amendments as are adopted from time to time shall continue in force and effect for each fiscal year thereafter until repealed or another General Appropriation Act is adopted provided however that each section of the General Appropriation Act in force and effect on the date of the adoption of this Constitution of general application and pertaining to the administration limitation and restriction on the payment of appropriations and each section providing for appropriation of Federal Grants and other continuing appropriations and adjustments on appropriations shall remain in force and effect until specifically and separately repealed by the General Assembly Paragraph III Other or supplementary appropriations In 291 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 See 9 Par 3 addition to th appropriations made by the General Appropriation Act and amendments thereto the General Assembly may make additional appropriations by Acts which shall be known as supplementary appropriation Acts provided no such supplementary appropriation shall be available unless there is an unappropriated surplus in the State Treasury or the revenue necessary to pay such appropriation shall have been provided by a tax laid for such purpose and collected into the General Fund of the State Treasury Neither House shall pass a Supplementary Appropriation Bill until the General Appropriation Act shall have been finally adopted by both Houses and approved by the Governor Paragraph IV Appropriations to be for specific sums a The appropriation for each department officer bureau board commission agency or institution for which appropriation made shall be for a specific sum of money and no appropriation shall allocate to any object the proceeds of any particular tax or fund or a part of percentage thereof b To defray the cost of all activities incident to providing and maintaining an adequate system of public roads and bridges in this State as authorized by laws enacted by the General Assembly of Georgia and for grants to counties for aid in county road construction and maintenance as provided by law authorizing the State treasury to make such grants the General Assembly of Georgia shall in each General Appropriation Act make the aggregate of the fixed appropriations for highway purposes an amount not less than the total Motor Fuel and Motor Vehicle License taxes received by the State Treasury for the immediately preceding fiscal year less the amount of refunds rebates and collection costs authorized by law The expenditure of the appropriations made in conformity with this provision shall be subject to all the rules regulations and restrictions imposed on the expenditure of appropriations by provisions of this State Constitution and other laws enacted by the General Assembly Said funds are hereby allocated to the Highway Department and shall be utilized for highway 292 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 9 Par 4 improvement including construction and maintenance In the event of a general war in which the United States of America is involved said funds shall be held to the credit of the State Highway Department until such time as the road building program can be continued and materials obtained for said purpose During any such period of time all the funds which cannot be used for highway purposes shall be invested in bonds of the United States of America or securities the payment of the principal and interest of said securities being guaranteed by the United States of America In the event of invasion of this state by land sea or air said funds may be utilized on the executive order of the Governor for defense purposes Paragraph V Appropriations void when Any appropriation made in conflict with either of the foregoing provisions shall be void Section X Paragraph I Existing amendments continued of force Amendments to the Constitution of the State of Georgia of 1877 in effect at the date of the ratification by the voters of the State of this Constitution shall continue of full force and effect after the ratification of this Constitution where such amendments are of merely local and not general application including the amendments pertaining to the Coastal Highway District of this State There is also continued under this provision in force and effect amendments to the Constitution of 1877 applicable to counties and cities having a population in excess of a number stated in such amendments and amendments applicable to counties having a city wholly or partly therein with a population in excess of or not less than a number stated in such amendment and amendments applicable to cities lying in two counties where such amendments are in force and effect at the time of the ratification of this Constitution Provided the amendment of Paragraph I of Section II of Article XI of the Constitution of 1877 proposed by Georgia 293 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 10 Par 1 Laws 1943 page 53 and ratified August 3 1943 authorizing election by the people of the County Board of Education of Spalding County prescribing rules of eligibility of members of the Board providing for election by the Board of the County Superintendent of Schools shall not be continued of force ARTICLE VIII Education Section I Paragraph I System of common schools free tuition separation of races The provision of an adequate education for the citizens shall be a primary obligation of the State of Georgia the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation Separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races Section II Paragraph I State Board of Education method of appointment There shall be a State Board of Education composed of one member from each Congressional District in the State who shall be appointed by the Governor by and with the advice and consent of the Senate The Governor shall not be a member of the State Board of Education The first State Board of Education under this Constitution shall consist of those in office at the time this Constitution is adopted with the terms provided by law Thereafter all succeeding appointments shall be for seven year terms from the expiration of the previous term Vacancies upon said Board caused by expiration of term of office shall be similarly filled by appointment and confirmation 294 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 8 Sec 2 Par 1 In case of a vacancy on said Board by death resignation or from any other cause other than the expiration of such members term of office the Board shall by secret ballot elect his successor who shall hold office until the end of the next session of the General Assembly or if the General Assembly be then in session to the end of that session During such session of the General Assembly the Governor shall appoint the successor member of the Board for the unexpired term and shall submit his name to the Senate for confirmation All members of the Board shall hold office until their successors are appointed and qualified The members of the State Board of Education shall be citizens of this State who shall have resided in Georgia continuously for at least five years preceding their appointment No person employed in a professional capacity by a private or public education institution or by the State Department of Education shall be eligible for appointment or to serve on said Board No person who is or has been connected with or employed by a school book publishing concern shall be eligible to membership on the Board and if any person shall be so connected or employed after becoming a member of the Board his place shall immediately become vacant The said State Board of Education shall have such powers and duties as provided by law and existing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution together with such further powers and duties as may be hereafter provided by law Section III Paragraph I State School Superintendent election term etc There shall be a State School Superintendent who shall be the executive officer of the State Board of Education elected at the same time and in the same manner and for the same term as that of the Governor The State School Superintendent shall have such qualifications and shall be paid such compensation as may be fixed by law No member of said Board shall be eligible for election as State School Superintendent during the time for which he shall have been appointed 295 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 8 Sec 4 Par 1 Section IV Paragraph I University System of Georgia Board of Regents There shall be a Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia and the government control and management of the University System of Georgia and all of its institutions in said system shall be vested in said Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia Said Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia shall consist of one member from each Congressional District in the State and five additional members from the StateatLarge appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate The Governor shall not be a member of the said Board The first Board of Regents under this Constitution shall consist of those in office at the time this Constitution is adopted with the terms provided by law Thereafter all succeeding appointments shall be for seven year terms from the expiration of the previous term Vacancies upon said Board caused by expiration of term of office shall be similarly filled by appointment and confirmation In case of a vacancy on said Board by death resignation of a member or from any other cause other than the expiration of such members term of office the Board shall by secret ballot elect his successor who shall hold office until the end of the next session of the General Assembly or if the General Assembly be then in session to the end of that session During such session of the General Assembly the Governor shall appoint the successor member of the Board for the unexpired term and shall submit his name to the Senate for confirmation All members of the Board of Regents shall hold office until their successors are appointed The said Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia shall have the powers and duties as provided by law existing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution together with such further powers and duties as may be hereafter provided by law 296 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 8 Sec 5 Par 1 Section V Paragraph I County System Board of Education election term etc Authority is granted to Counties to establish and maintain public schools within their limits Each County exclusive of any independent school system now in existence in a County shall compose one school district and shall be confined to the control and management of a County Board of Education The Grand Jury of each County shall select from the citizens of their respective Counties five freeholders who shall constitute the County Board of Education Said member shall be elected for the term of five years except that the first election of Board members under this Constitution shall be for such terms that will provide for the expiration of the term of one member of the County Board of Education each year In case of a vacancy on said Board by death resignation of a member or from any other cause other than the expiration of such members term of office the Board shall by secret ballot elect his successor who shall hold office until the next Grand Jury convenes at which time said Grand Jury shall appoint the successor member of the Board for the unexpired term The members of the County Board of Education of such County shall be selected from that portion of the County not embraced within the territory of an independent school district The General Assembly shall have authority to make provision for local trustees of each school in a county system and confer authority upon them to make recommendations as to budgets and employment of teachers and other authorized employees Section VI Paragraph I County School Superintendent election term etc There shall be a County School Superintendent who shall CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 8 Sec 6 Par 1 be the executive officer of the County Board of Education He shall be elected by the people and his term of office shall be for four years and run concurrently with other county officers The qualifications and the salary of the County School Superintendent shall be fixed by law Section VII Paragraph I Independent systems continued new systems prohibited Authority is hereby granted to municipal corporations to maintain existing independent school systems and support the same as authorized by special or general law and such existing systems may add thereto colleges No independent school system shall hereafter be established Section VIII Paragraph I Meetings of Boards of Education All official meetings of County Boards of Education shall be open to the public Section IX Paragraph I Contracts for care of pupils County Boards of Education and independent school systems may contract with each other for the education transportation and care of pupils Section X Paragraph I Certain systems protected Public schools systems established prior to the adoption of the Constitution of 1877 shall not be affected by this Constitution 298 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 8 Sec 11 Par 1 Section XI Paragraph I Grants bequests and donations permitted The State Board of Education and the Regents of the University System of Georgia may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of their respective systems of education Paragraph II Grants bequests and donations to county Boards of Education and independent school systems County Boards of Education and independent school systems may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of their respective systems of education Section XII Paragraph I Taxation by counties for education The fiscal authority of the several Counties shall levy a tax for the support and maintenance of education not less than five mills nor greater than fifteen mills as recommended by the County Board of Education upon the dollar of all taxable property in the County located outside independent school systems The independent school system of Chatham County and the City of Savannah being coextensive with said County the levy of said tax shall be on all property in said County as recommended by the governing body of said system The fifteen mill limitation provided in this Paragraph may be removed or increased in a county under the procedure set out hereinafter The County Board of Education in order to instigate the procedure must pass a resolution recommending that the limitation be removed and upon presentation of such resolution to the Ordinary it shall be his duty within ten days of the receipt of the resolution to issue the call of an election to determine whether such limitation shall be removed He shall set the election to be held on a date not less than twenty nor more than thirty days from the date of the issuance of the call and shall have the date and 299 CONSTITUTION OP THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 9 Sec 12 Par 1 purpose of the election published in the official organ of the county once a week for two weeks preceding the date of the election If a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting in such election vote in favor of such proposal there shall be no limitation in such county and the County Board of Education may recommend any number of mills not less than five for the purposes set out above In lieu of recommending that the limitation be removed entirely the Board may recommend that it be increased and shall specify the amount in the resolution The election provisions for increase shall be the same as for removal and if the proposal is favorably voted upon the Board may recommend up to the specified amount It shall be the duty of the Ordinary to hold the election to canvass the returns and declare the results It shall also be his duty to certify the results to the Secretary of State The expense of the election shall be borne by the county Section XIII Paragraph I Grants for education Notwithstanding any other provision of this Constitution the General Assembly may by law provide for grants of State county or municipal funds to citizens of the State for educational purposes in discharge of all obligation of the State to provide adequate education for its citizens ARTICLE IX Homesteads and Exemptions Section I Paragraph I Amount of homestead and exemptions There is hereby exempt from levy and sale by virtue of any process 300 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 19 Sec 1 Par 1 whatever under the laws of this State the property of every head of a family or guardian or trustee of a family of minor children or every aged or infirm person or person having the care and support of dependent females of any age who is not head of a family realty or personalty or both to the value in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars and the General Assembly shall have authority to provide the manner of exempting said property the sale alienation and encumbrance thereof and to provide for the waiver of said exemption by the debtor Paragraph II Homestead and exemption laws continued The laws now of force with respect to homestead and exemptions shall remain in full force until changed by law ARTICLE X Militia Section I Paragraph I Organization of Militia A well regulated militia being essential to the peace and security of the State the General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law how the militia of this State shall be organized officered trained armed and equipped and of whom it shall consist Paragraph II Volunteers The General Assembly shall have power to authorize the formation of volunteer companies and to provide for their organization into battalions regiments brigades divisions and corps with such restrictions as may be prescribed by law and shall have authority to arm and equip the same Paragraph III Pay of militia and volunteers The officers and men of the militia and volunteer forces shall not be entitled to receive any pay rations or emoluments when not in active service by authority of the State 301 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 11 Sec 1 Par 1 ARTICLE XI Counties and Municipal Corporations Section I Paragraph I Counties a corporate body boundaries Each county shall be a body corporate with such powers and limitations as may be prescribed by law All suits by or against a county shall be in the name thereof and the metes and bounds of the several counties shall remain as now prescribed by law unless changed as hereinafter provided Paragraph II Number limited There shall not be more than one hundred and fiftynine counties in this State Paragraph III New counties permitted when No new county shall be created except by the consolidation or merger of existing counties Paragraph IV Consolidation of counties method The General Assembly shall have power with the concurrence of twothirds of the qualified voters of each of the counties to be affected who participate in elections held for that purpose to provide for the consolidation of two or more counties into one or the merger of one or more counties into another or the division of a county and the merger of portions thereof into other counties Paragraph V Dissolution of counties method Any county may be dissolved and merged with a contiguous county or counties by twothirds of the qualified voters of each of the counties affected who participate in elections held for that purpose Paragraph VI County governments uniform exceptions Whatever tribunal or officers may be created by the General Assembly for the transaction of county matters shall be uni 302 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 11 Sec 1 Par 6 form throughout the State and of the same name jurisdiction and remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for Commissioners of Roads and Revenues in any county may abolish the office of County Treasurer in any county may fix the compensation of County Treasurers and may consolidate the offices of Tax Receiver and Tax Collector in the office of Tax Commissioner and may fix his compensation without respect to uniformity Paragraph VII Consolidation of governments submission to voters The General Assembly may provide by general law optional systems of consolidated county and municipal government providing for the organization and the powers and duties of its officers Such optional systems shall become effective when submitted to the qualified voters of such county and approved by a majority of those voting Paragraph VIII County lines County lines shall not be changed unless under the operation of a general law for that purpose Paragraph IX County sites changed method No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and by a majority vote of the General Assembly Section II Paragraph I County officers election term removal eligibility The county officers shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their office for four years They shall be removed upon conviction for malpractice in office and no person shall be eligible for any of the offices referred to in this paragraph unless he shall have been a resident of the county for two years and is a qualified voter 303 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 12 Sec 2 Par 2 Paragraph II Compensation of county officers County officers may be on a fee basis salary basis or fee basis supplemented by salary in such manner as may be directed by law ARTICLE XII The Laws op General Operation in Force in This State Section I Paragraph I Supreme law The laws of general operation in this State are first As the Supreme law The Constitution of the United States the laws of the United States in pursurance thereof and all treaties made under the authority of the United States Paragraph II Second in authority Second As next in authority thereto This Constitution Paragraph III Third in authority Third In subordination to the foregoing All laws now of force in this State not inconsistent with this Constitution shall remain of force until the same are modified or repealed by the General Assembly Paragraph IV Local and private acts Local and private acts passed for the benefit of counties cities towns corporations and private persons not inconsistent with the Supreme law nor with this Constitution and which have not expired nor been repealed shall have the force of Statute law subject to judicial decision as to their validity when passed and to any limitations imposed by their own terms Paragraph V Proceedings of courts confirmed All judgments decrees orders and other proceedings of the several courts of this State heretofore made within the limits of their 304 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 12 Sec 1 Par 5 several jurisdictions are hereby ratified and affirmed subject only to reversal by motion for a new trial appeal bill of review or other proceedings in conformity with the law of force when they were made Paragraph VI Existing officers The officers of the Government now existing shall continue in the exercise of their several functions until their successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified But nothing herein is to apply to any officer whose office may be abolished by this Constitution ARTICLE XIII Amendments to the Constitution Section I Paragraph I An amendment to this Constitution may be proposed by a resolution in the Senate or the House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each branch of the General Assembly such proposed amendment shall be entered on the journal of each branch with the Ayes and Nays taken thereon Any proposed amendment may be repealed or amended by the same General Assembly if done so at least two months prior to the date of the election at which such proposed amendment is to be submitted The Governor the Attorney General and the Secretary of State shall meet and determine whether a proposed amendment is general and if not general shall determine what political subdivision or subdivisions are directly affected by such proposed amendment If a proposed amendment is general the Governor shall cause such proposed amendment to be published in full once each week for three consecutive weeks immediately CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1 preceding the date of the election at which such proposed amendment is submitted in one newspaper of general circulation in each Congressional District of the State If such proposed amendment is not general the Governor shall cause such proposed amendment to be published in full in one newspaper of general circulation in each county in which the directly affected political subdivision or subdivisions are located In the event no such newspaper is located in such county a newspaper m an adjoining county shall be used Any proposed amendment which is general shall be submitted to the people of the entire State at the next general election at which members of the General Assembly are elected and if ratified by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment shall become a part of this Constitution A proposed amendment which is not general shall only be submitted to the people of the political subdivision or subdivisions directly affected The votes of the electors in such political subdivision affected shall be counted separately in determining whether such proposed amendment is ratified and it must be ratified by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon in each such political subdivision before it shall become a part of this Constitution The General Assembly in the resolution shall state the language to be used m submitting the proposed amendment When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately Paragraph II Convention how called No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all members of each house of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable This Constitution shall not be re 306 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2 vised amended or changed by the Convention until the proposed revision amendment or change has been submitted and ratified by the people in the manner provided for submission and ratification of amendments proposed by the General Assembly Paragraph III Veto not permitted The Governor shall not have the right to veto any proposal by the General Assembly to amend the Constitution ARTICLE XIV Merit System Section I Paragraph I State Personnel Board A nonsalaried State Personnel Board comprised of three citizens of this State of known interest in the improvement of public administration shall administer a State Merit System under which state personnel shall be selected on a basis of merit fitness and efficiency according to law The members of the State Personnel Board shall be appointed by the Governor with the advice of the Senate The first members shall be appointed for terms of three five and seven years respectively the terms to be designated by the Governor All subsequent appointments shall be for a period of seven years except unexpired terms No State official or employee shall be a member of the State Personnel Board Paragraph II Retirement System Appropriation The General Assembly is authorized to establish an actuarially sound retirement system for employees under a merit system Adequate appropriations shall be provided for the operation of a merit system and the State Personnel Board 307 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 15 Sec 1 Par 1 ARTICLE XV Home Rule Section I Paragraph I The General Assembly is authorized to provide by law for the selfgovernment of municipalities and to that end is hereby expressly given the authority to delegate its powers so that matters pertaining to municipalities upon which prior to the ratification of this amendment it was necessary for the General Assembly to act may be dealt with without the necessity of action by the General Assembly Any powers granted as provided herein shall be exercised subject only to statutes of general application pertaining to municipalities ARTICLE XVI Slum Clearance and Redevelopment Section I The General Assembly may provide by law that any city or town or any housing authority now or hereafter established may undertake and carry out slum clearance and redevelopment work including the acquisition and clearance of areas which are predominantly slum or blighted areas the preparation of such areas for reuse and the sale or other disposition of such areas to private enterprise for private uses or to public bodies for public uses Any such work shall constitute a governmental function undertaken for public purposes and the powers of taxation and eminent domain may be exercised and public funds expended in furtherance thereof 308 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 16 Sec 2 Par 1 Method op Submission Section II That when this amendment shall have been agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses of the General Assembly the same shall be entered on their journals with the ayes and nays taken thereon and shall be published and submitted to the people for ratification or rejection as one single amendment to the Constitution at the next General Election in August 1945 as provided by law Those voting in favor of the ratification of the amendment herein proposed shall have written or printed on their ballots the words for the amendment revising the Constitution Those voting against the ratification of the amendment herein proposed shall have written or printed on their ballots the words against the amendment revising the Constitution If a majority of those voting vote for the amendment revising the Constitution when the results are certified to the Governor he shall proclaim the amendment revising the Constitution of 1877 as the revised Constitution of Georgia 309 1957 JANUARY MAY SEPTEMBER 5 M T W T FS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 m 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 FEBRUARY JUNE OCTOBER S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 S M T W T F S 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 5 M T W T F S El H 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 MARCH JULY NOVEMBER S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 APRIL AUGUST DECEMBER S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 2425 26 27 28 29 30 31 310 1958 JANUARY MAY SEPTEMBER S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 FEBRUARY JUNE OCTOBER S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 MARCH JULY NOVEMBER S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 5 M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 APRIL AUGUST DECEMBER 5 M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 311