THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA 0l Ci I Ck 7 lW r SSMl blj MANUAL OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF The State of Georgia 19171918 BY DEVEREAUX F McCLATCHEY Secretary of the Senate AND E B MOORE Clerk of the House of Representatives THE the 1917 INDEX PRINTING CO State Printers ATLANTA STE university of a iff THE GENERAL LIBRARY THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA ATHENS GEORGIA i Sr I NOV 1 8 1943 EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT STATE OF GEORGIA HUGH M DORSEY Governor MARSHALL NELMS Private Secretaryto Governor C A WEST Secretary Executive Department E L McCORRY Warrant Clerk PHILIP COOK Secretary of State WILLIAM A WRIGHT ComptrollerGeneral WILLIAM J SPEER Treasurer CLIFFORD WALKER AttorneyGeneral J J BROWN Commissioner of Agriculture M L BRITTAIN state School Superintendent J W LINDSEY IPension Commissioner M STANLEY Commissioner of Labor fjlte H0LT NASH MlAdjutantGeneral MRS M B COBB state Librarian S W McCALLIE State Geologist I S WORSHAM State Entomologist noDUMAS VState Chemist PETER F BAHNSEiST State Veterinarian LftER Keeper of Public Buildings CHAS ARNO State Game Warden Compiler of Colonial Records T A CHEATHAM T x M Y ROAN Ml 11MWM JnsPector State Oil Inspector RAILROAD COMMISSION C M CANDLER Chairman GEORGE HILLYER JAS T BOIFEUILLET JAMES A PERRY PAUL TRAMMELL PRISON COMMISSIOr I THE GENERAL LIBRARY I THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA R E DAVIDSON Chaim an etAT UftRARY ater T PI ArrTTtrcFMT I STATE LIBRARY SIFT 1M T E PATTERSON E L RAINEY GOODLOE H YANCEY Secretary THE GENERAL LIBRARY THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA ATHENS GEORGIA MEMBERS AND OFFICERS of the SENATE OF GEORGIA 19171918 SAM L OLIVE President AUGUSTA D ROSCOE PEACOCK President Pro Tem EASTMAN DEVEREAUX F McCLATCHEY Secretary ATLANTA CHAS P HANSELL Assistant Secretary THOMASVILLE CHAS F RICE Journal Clerk ATLANTA PAT HARALSON Calendar Clerk BLAIRSVILLE C M HOOKS Messenger FORSYTH I J STEPHENS Doorkeeper NEWNAN MEMBERS OF THE SENATE OF GEORGIA BY DISTRICTS FOR SESSION OF 19171918 First DistrictChatham Bryan and Effingham J P DUKES Pembroke Second DistrictLiberty McIntosh Tattnall Toombs and Evans H H ELDERS Reidsville Third DistrictWayne Pierce Appling Jeff Davis and Bacon J B MOORE MBaxley Fourth DistrictGlynn Camden and Charlton S C TOWNSEND St Marys Fifth DistrictWare Clinch and Coffee R G DICKERSON Homerville Sixth DistrictEchols Lowndes Berrien and Tift W H HENDRICKS Tifton Seventh DistrictBrooks Thomas Colquitt and Grady H W HOPKINS Thomasville Eighth DistrictDecatur Mitchell and Miller H H MERRY Pelham Ninth DistrictEarly Calhoun and Baker J C ODOM Newton Tenth DistrictDougherty Lee Worth and Turner SOL J YEOMANLeesburg Eleventh DistrictClay Randolph and Terrell JOE BROWN MILLS W Ft Gaines Twelfth DistrictStewart Webster and Quitman R T HUMBER JR 7 Richland 6 Thirteenth DistrictSumter Schley and Macon M B COUNCIL Americus Fourteenth DistrictDooly Wilcox Pulaski Crisp and Bleckley J R DYKES Cochran Fifteenth DistrictMontgomery Telfair Irwin Dodge Ben Hill and Wheeler D ROSCOE PEACOCK Eastman Sixteenth DistrictLaurens Emanuel and Johnson M T RINER Meeks Seventeenth DistrictScreven Bulloch Burke Jenkins and Candler E V HEATH Waynesboro Eighteenth DistrictRichmond Glascock and Jefferson SAM L OLIVE Augusta Nineteenth DistrictTaliaferro Green and Warren JAMES DAVISON Greensboro Twentieth DistrictBaldwin Hancock and Washington GEORGE GILMORE Wartben Twentyfirst DistrictTwiggs Wilkinson and Jones GEO H CARSWELL Irwinton Twentysecond DistrictBibb Monroe and Pike J C BEAUCHAMP Williamson Twentythird DistrictHouston Crawford and Taylor W F WEAVER I Reynolds Twentyfourth DistrictMuscogee Marion and Chattahochee ED W OHLWENDER Columbus Twentyfifth DistrictHarris Upson and Talbot R LEONARD Talbotton Twentysixth DistrictSpalding Butts and Fayette C D REDWINE Fayetteville Twentyseventh DistrictNewton Walton Oconee and Rockdale H H PRICEHigh Shoals Twentyeighth DistrictJasper Putnam and Morgan H R DeJARNETTE Eatonton 7 Twentyninth DistrictWilkes Columbia McDuffie and Lincoln BOYCE FICKLEN SRiWashington Thirtieth DistrictOglethorpe Madison Elbert and Clarke C O STEVENSCrawford R F D Thirtyfirst DistrictHart Habersham Franklin and Stephens JAMES H SKELTON Hartwell Thirtysecond DistrictWhite Dawson and Lumpkin CHAS H EDWARDS Cleveland Thirtythird DistrictHall Banks Jackson and Barrow J B G LOGAN Homer Thirtyfourth DistrictGwinnett DeKalb and Henry ALONZO FIELD Stone Mountain Thirtyfifth DistrictCobb Fulton and Clayton WALTER P ANDREWS tAtlanta Thirtysixth DistrictCampbell Coweta Meriwether and Douglas J T KIRBY Newnan Thirtyseventh DistrictCarroll Heard and Troup FRANK S LOFTIN Franklin Thirtyeighth DistrictHaralson Polk and Paulding 1 F MUNDY Rockmart Thirtyninth DistrictMilton Cherokee and Forsyth FLOYD M BLACKWELL Canton Fortieth DistrictUnion Towns and Rabun T L BYNUM Clayton Fortyfirst DistrictPickens Fannin and Gilmer T A BROWN Blue Ridge Fortysecond DistrictBartow Floyd and Chattooga R A DENNY Rome Fortythird DistrictMurray Gordon and Whitfield E H BECK Eton Fortyfourth DistrictWalker Dade and Catoosa W C HULLENDER Ringgold DEVEREAUX F McCLATCHEY Secretary Atlanta Died August 2 1917 8 MEMBERS OF THE SENATE OF GEORGIA ALPHABETICALLY FOR SESSION OF 19171918 WALTER p ANDREWS AtlantaThirtyfifth District Cobb Fulton and Clayton J C BEAUCHAMP WilliamsonTwentysecond District Bibb Monroe and Pike E H BECK Eton Fortythird District Murray Gordon and Whitfield FLOYD M BLACKWELL CantonThirtyninth District Milton Cherokee and Forsyth T A BROWN Blue Ridge 1 Fortyfirst District Pickens Fannin and Gilmer T L BYNUM Clayton Fortieth District Union Towns and Rabun GEO H CARSWELL JrwintonTwentyfirst District Twiggs Wilkinson and Jones M B COUNCIL Americus Thirteenth District Sumter Schley and Macon JAMES DAVISON GreensboroNineteenth District Taliaferro Green and Warren R A DENNY RomeFortysecond District Bartow Floyd and Chattooga H R DeJARNETTE EatontonTwentyeighth District Jasper Putnam and Morgan R G DICKERSON HomervilleFifth District Ware Clinch and Coffee 9 First District J P DUKES Pembroke Chatham Bryan and Effingham J R DYKES Cochran Fourteenth Dooly Wilcox Pulaski Crisp and Bleckley CHAS H EDWARDS ClevelandThirtysecond White Dawson and Lumpkin H H ELDERS Reidsvile Second Liberty McIntosh Tattnall Toombs and Evans BOYCE FICKLEN SR WashingtonTwentyninth Wilkes Columbia McDuffie and Lincoln ALONZO FIELD Stone MountainThirtyfourth Gwinnett DeKalb and Henry GEORGE GILMORE Warthen Twentieth Baldwin Hancock and Washington E V HEATH WaynesboroSeventeenth Screven Bulloch Burke Jenkins and Candler W H HENDRICKS TiftonSixth Echols Lowndes Berrien and Tift H W HOPKINS ThomasvilleKSeventh Brooks Thomas Colquitt and Grady W C HULLENDER Ringgold Fortyfourth Walker Dade and Catoosa R T HUMBER JR Richland Twelfth Stewart Webster and Quitman J T KIRBY Newnan Thirtysixth Campbell Coweta Meriwether and Douglas R LEONARD Talbotton Twentyfifth Harris Upson and Talbot FRANK S LOFTIN FranklinThirtyseventh Carroll Heard and Troup J B G LOGAN Homer Thirtythird Hall Banks Jackson and Barrow JAMES H SKELTON Hartwell Thirtyfirst Hart Habersham Franklin and Stephens District District District District District District District District District District District District District District District District 10 H H MERRY PelhamEighth District Decatur Mitchell and Miller JOE BROWN MILLS Ft GainesEleventh District Clay Randolph and Terrell J B MOORE BaxleyThird District Wayne Pierce Appling Jeff Davis and Bacon I F MUNDY RockmartThirtyeighth District Haralson Polk and Paulding J C ODOM Newton Ninth District Early Calhoun and Baker SAM L OLIVE AugustaEighteenth District Richmond Glascock and Jefferson D ROSCOE PEACOCK EastmanFifteenth District Montgomery Telfair Irwin Dodge Ben Hill and Wheeler H H PRICE High ShoalsTwentyseventh District Newton Walton Oconee and Rockdale C D REDWINE FayettevilleTwentysixth District Spalding Butts and Fayette M T RINER MeeksSixteenth District Laurens Emanuel and Johnson C O STEVENS Crawford R F DThirtieth District Oglethorpe Madison Elbert and Clarke S C TOWNSEND St MarysFourth District Glynn Camden and Charlton W F WEAVER ReynoldsTwentythird District Houston Crawford and Taylor ED WOHLWENDER ColumbusTwentyfourth District Muscogee Marion and Chattahoochee SOL J YEOMAN Leesburg Tenth District Dougherty Lee Worth and Turner 11 Standing Committees of the Senate COMMITTEES ACADEMY FOE THE BLIND Beauchamp Chairman Dukes ViceChairman Beck Hopkins D e J arnette Hllender Hendricks Einer AGBICULTUBE Gilmore Chairman Beck Blackwell Bynum Council De Jar nette Dickerson Dykes Elders Gilmore Hopkins Kirby ViceChairman Hullender Leonard Mills Odom Price Einer Stevens Townsend Yeoman APPEOPEIATIONS Carswell Chairman Andrews Beauchamp Beck Dickerson Elders Field Gilmore Hendricks Kirby Mundy Stevens ViceChairman Peacock Price Skelton Weaver Yeoman De J arnette Member exofficio Denny Member exofficio 14 AUDITING Humber Chairman Dykes ViceChairman Blackwell Merry Ficklen Redwine BANKS AND BANKING RedwiNe Chairman Humber ViceChairman Carswell Loftin Davison Merry Dickerson Odom Ficklen Riner Hendricks COMMERCE AND LABOR Dykes Chairman Andrews Beck Elders Field ViceChairman Hopkins Redwine Wohlwender CONGRESSIONAL AND LEGISLATIVE REAPPORTIONMENTS Moore Chairman Andrews Beauchamp Blackwell Denny Brown ViceChairman Dykes Heath Peacock CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS Wohlwender Chairman Peacock ViceChairman Andrews Hendricks Beauchamp Humber Beck Logan Bynum Peacock Dickerson Price Elders Riner Field Weaver 15 CORPORATION S Skelton Chairman Peacock ViceChairman Brown Hendricks Bynum Heath Davison Humber Denny Moore Dykes Weaver Gilmore COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS Beck Chairman Moore ViceChairman Blackwell Loftin Council Logan Dukes Price Edwards Redwine Hllender Stevens Leonard DRAINAGE Moore Chairman Yeoman ViceChairman Carswell Heath Dickerson Hendricks Elders Townsend EDUCATION Elders Chairman Loftin ViceChairman Beauchamp Hopkins Beck Humber Brown Kirby Bynum Leonard Carswell Merry Council Mills DeJarnette Skelton Dickerson Stevens Gilmore Wohlwender Hendricks E j i ENGROSSING Ficklen Chairman Beck Davison Dnkes Gilmore Riner ViceChairman Leonard L of tin Mills ENROLLMENT Hllender Chairman Brown ViceChairman Edwards Odom Hendricks Stevens Kirby Townsend Merry Logan Moore FINANCE DeJarnette Chairman Blackwell Bynum Council Davison Dykes Ficklen Hopkins Humber Loftin Merry Denny ViceChairman Mills Moore Mundy Odom Redwine Riner Carswell Member exofficio Stevens Member exofficio GAME AND FISH Council Chairman Andrews Beck DeJarnette Dickerson Hopkins ViceChairman Odom Townsend Weaver Wohlwender 17 GENERAL JUDICIARY NO L Field Chairman Brown Carswell Davison Denny Dnkes Bynum ViceChairman Edwards Hopkins Mnndy Skelton Townsend GENERAL JUDICIARY NO 2 Dickerson Chairman Andrews Elders Heath Loftin Logan Davison ViceChairman Merry Moore Peacock Weaver Wohlwender HALLS AND ROOMS Yeoman Chairman Peacock ViceChairman Andrews Price Heath HYGIENE AND SANITATION Hendricks Chairman Beauchamp ViceChairn Dnkes Skelton Dykes Stevens Odom INSURANCE Blackwell Chairman Brown Dnkes Edwards Hllender Davison ViceChairman Logan Mnndy Peacock Yeoman 18 i INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS Mills Chairman Moore ViceChairman Hllender Townsend Logan JOURNALS Dukes Chairman Mills ViceChairman Carswell Ficklen Redwine MANUFACTURES Riner Chairman Yeoman ViceChairman Beauchamp Hllender Brown Kirby Dukes Mundy Heath Skelton MILITARY AFFAIRS Price Chairman Heath ViceChairman Carswell Leonard Council Loftin Dykes Peacock Hopkins Wohlwender MINES AND MININO Brown Chairman Edwards ViceChairman Blackwell Humber Bynum Logan Hllender Mundy 19 PENITENTIARY Merry Chairman Blackwell Davison Dickerson Dykes Edwards Elders Ficklen Ilnllender Brown ViceChairman Leonard Logan Mls Price Skelton Townsend Wohlwender Yeoman Kirby PENSIONS Loftin Chairman Carswell Connc Ficklen Leonard ViceChairman Heath Hopkins Humber PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS Davison Chairman Beanchamp Brown Denny Heath Merry ViceChairman Mnndy Skelton Wohlwender PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR Peacock Chairman Beanchamp Elders ViceChairman PUBLIC LIBRARY Leonard Chairman Dnkes Field Odom ViceChairman Townsend 20 PUBLIC PRINTING Logan Chairman Field ViceChairman Dykes Moore Humber Ficklen PUBLIC PROPERTY Odom Chairman Mills ViceChairman Bynum Gilmore Ficklen PUBLIC ROADS Kirby Chairman Blackwell Brown Carswell Ficklen Gilmore Hendricks Moore ViceChairman Hopkins Heath Price Weaver Yeoman RAILROADS Edwards Chairman Redwine ViceChairman Brown Leonard Denny Merry Dukes Price Field Skelton Humber Townsend Kirby RULES President Heath Exoflicio Chairman ViceChairman Andrews Price DeJarnette Wohlwender Elders Yeoman Kirby 21 SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF Denny Chairman Beck DeJ ar nette Gilmore Mundy ViceChairman Loftin Peacock SPECIAL JUDICIARY Weaver Chairman Logan ViceChairman Brown Kirby Dukes Mundy Edwards Townsend Field Wohlwender STATE OF THE REPUBLIC Andrews Chairman Bynum Denny Gilmore Hopkins Kirby Moore Mundy Humber ViceChairman Price Redwine Stevens Weaver Riner DeJ arnette STATE SANITARIUM Bynum Chairman Brown Dykes Edwards Hendricks Hllender Kirby Beauchamp ViceChair n Loftin Odom Price Stevens Yeoman 22 TEMPERANCE Hopkins Chairman Gilmore ViceChairman Beauchamp Merry Carswell Mls De Jar nette Moore Dickerson Odom Dykes Redwine Loftin Stevens TUBERCULOSIS SANITARIUM Beauchamp Chairman Bynum ViceChairman Logan Moore Edwards Dukes Hllender Peacock UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA Stevens Chairman Kirby ViceChairman Beck Heath Carswell Peacock DeJarnette Price Elders Skelton Gilmore Weaver WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILWAY Townsend Chairman Hllender ViceChair Andrews Merry Beck Mundy DeJarnette Odom Denny Stevens Dickerson Wohlwender Gilmore Yeoman Heath 23 THE PRESIDENT Rule 1 The President shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful Rule 2 In all cases of election by the Senate the President shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the Senate shall be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all eases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the President may vote Rule 3 When two or more Senators shall rise at the same time the President shall name the Senator entitled to proceed Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the President unless otherwise ordered by the Senate Rule 5 The method of stating the question on any motion by the President shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the President or a division of the Senate is called for by any one member of the Senate the President shall call upon the Senators in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the Secretary he shall call upon the Senators to reverse their positions and the President shall announce the result Discretion of President When President shall vote Right of Senator to the floor to be decided by the President President to appoint committees Method of stating a question by the President 27 President may name Senators to preside Duty of Secretary when President is absent When no debate on appeals Appeals to be made at once Power of President to suspend subordinate officers When President may order galleries and lobbies cleared Rule 6 The President may during a days sitting name any Senator to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the President shall be absent the President pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Secretary of the Senate shall call the Senate to order and shall preside until a President pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the Senate The President pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease Rule 8 On ull appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate Rule 9 All appeals from the decisions of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made Rule 10 The President shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the Senate within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the Senate may see fit to take in the premises Rule 11 The President shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the Senate cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested 28 and brought before the bar of the Senate to be dealt with for comtempt of the Senate Rule 12 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the Senate the President may order the door of the Senate to be closed and the roll of Senators called by the Secretary and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the Senate and any Senator present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the Senate Rule 13 The President may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the Senate discloses the fact that a quorum of the Senate has not voted Rule 14 All questions as to priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the President without debate ON DECORUM AND DEBATE Rule 15 When any Senator is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the Senate he shall arise from his seat and respectfully address himself to 4Mr President He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject nor more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken If any Senator in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the Senate the President shall call him to order in which case the Senator so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The Senate shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the Senate be not submitted No quorum voting duty of President When President may order vote taken by yeas and nays Decision on questions of priority Conduct of Senators in debate Appeals 29 Expulsion See Rule 147 Exception to words spoken Silence Mode of designating Senators Shall not vote when interested in result to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may he expelled from the Senate by a twothirds vote of the Senators which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays Rule 16 If any Senator be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Secretary and read then admitted denied or explained by the Senator who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the Senate may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the Senate is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been disposed of or until such further time as may then be ordered by the Senate But no Senator shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the Senate for words spoken in debate if any other Senator has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken Rule 17 The members of the Senate shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking Senator shall have taken his seat Rule 18 The Senators shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observation but may designate them by the districts they represent Rule 19 No Senator shall vote upon any question ih the result of which he is personally inter 30 ested and in every case where the seat of a Senator is being contested the sitting Senator and the contestant shall both retire from the Senate before the vote is taken Rule 20 Any Senator may have entered on the Protests Journal a protest in writing against the action of the Senate said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not he argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the Senate nor any member thereof Rule 21 No Senator shall address the Senate nor interrogate a Senator who is speaking except through the President and if the Senator speaking declines to be interrupted the President shall cause the Senator desiring to interrogate him to he silent Rule 22 No Senator shall pass between the Duty while Chair and a Senator while he is speaking nor shall pgggis any Senator at the time of adjournment leave his ad seat until the President retires Rule 23 No Senator shall in debate refer to Reslrictions any private conversation had with another Senator n debate or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the House except as to the final action taken by the House in any pending matter Rule 24 No smoking shall be allowed in the Senate Chamber during the Sessions of the Senate nor shall conversation be permitted within the Chamber Rule 25 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged Rule 26 Applause or hisses in the Senate Cham Applause her or in the galleries or lobby during any speech forbidden 31 or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed No debate during yeas and nays Only one motion be made at a time Explanation Reading of papers Motion to excuse when made Excuses from voting Rule 27 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had Rule 28 No Senator can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the Senate he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the President Rule 29 On all questions except such as are not debtaable any Senator on the call of the yeas and nays shall be allowed five minutes as a matter of right in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by yeas and nays no Senator shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent No motion or request shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a Senators time for explaining Rule 30 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any Senator it shall be determined by a vote of the Senate and this motion shall be decided without debate Rule 31 A motion to excuse a Senator from voting must be made before the Senate divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the Senator making the motion may briefly state the reaspn why in his opinion it ought to prevail Rule 32 No Senator shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then move to table the bill resolution or motion or move the previous question thereon without relinquishing the floor 32 DIVISION OF A QUESTION Rule 33 Any one Senator may call for a divisi of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it Rule 34 Th Senator calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself and be consistent and entire BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Rule 35 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Secretary shall distinctly state its number and the name of the Senator by whom introduced Provided that the General Appropriation Bill and the General Tax Bill shall have precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said bills shall have been finally disposed of Rule 36 Every motion or request to take up general bills or resolutions out of their regular order whatSmoand every motion or request for special orders shall writing be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the Senate Rule 37 No debate shall be admitted upon any bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of QUesti0n any bill or resolution or other matter requiring reading inference to a committee the President shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the Call for division Division how made Bills and resolutions called in order 33 Effect of favorable report of comittee Adverse report of committee Bills when withdrawn Reports of committees order of action same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the Senate In ease of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Secretary and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed Rule 38 Where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill etc the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question unless recommitted Where the report of a committee is adverse to tbe passage of a bill etc on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill etc shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill etc shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Provided that no bill etc adversely reported shall be taken up for a second reading except by motion of some Senator Any bill etc may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the Senate Rule 39 When a bill etc favorably reported by a committee is on its third or last reading if the report of the committee is disagreed to by the Senate the bill or measure shall be lost unless the action of the Senate in disagreeing to the committee report is reconsidered within the proper time Rule 40 The President shall not recognize any Senator at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to place any general bill on its passage out of its regular order Neither shall he recognize any request for unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter or to read any bill or resolution the second time or to place any local bill 34 or resolution on its passage except during the first 30 minutes after the confirmation of the Journal The President shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time Rule 41 Where a bill or a resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall he acted on by the Senate Rule 42 All bills and resolutions shall be wrifen mg and or printed and shall have the name of the Senator resolutions J to be in introducing the same as well as the district he rep writing resents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also how in dorsed he indorsed on the same Rule 43 No bill shall be printed until after the BillSi when same has been reported to the Senate by the com Printedmittee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the Senate agreeing thereto Rule 44 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted m Transmis to the House on the day of the passage thereof sion to House by unless a majority of the Senators present shall so majority vote order Rule 45 The Committee on Rules during the last seven legislative days of each session shall arrange and fix the calendar of business for each day and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing special order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order and manner fixed by such calendar except by a threefourths vote of those presenir 1 35 THE GENERAL LIBRARY THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA ATHENS GEOR THE GENERAL LIBRARY THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORI STATE LIBRARY GIFT 19JS Order of precedence Not debatable when may be renewed Amendment When debatable When made When not to order PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS Rule 46 When any subject is before the Senate for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit 1st A motion to adjourn 2d A motion to lay on table 3d A motion for the previous question 4th A motion to postpone indefinitely 5th A motion to postpone to a day certain 6th A motion to commit 7th A motion to amend Which said several motions shall have precedence in the order named MOTION TO ADJOURN Rule 47 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the Senate A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended Rule 48 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the Senate is not actually engaged in other business is debatable and is amendable as to the day or time proposed Rule 49 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the Senator moving it can legitimately obtain the floor Rule 50 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn 36 be in order after the Secretary has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one Senator has been given or after a division of the Senate has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced Rule 51 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the Senate to the next sitting day or time in course Rule 52 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the Senate is being taken by the yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the Senate is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous question has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the Senate shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE Rule 53 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order Rule 54 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the Senate is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken from the table it is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar Rule 55 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to 3 Effect of adjournment Hour of adjournment What business postponed Amendment or substi stute cannot be laid on table How matters may be taken from table When renewed time when new business has intervened between the votes Not debatable or amendable What can be tabled When in order Effect of previous question Twenty minutes debate allowed Rule 56 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable Rule 57 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again Rule 58 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained hut when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on table is in order THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION Rule 59 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except motions to adjourn or to lay on the table and when it is moved the first question shall be 11 Shall the call for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority vote in the affirmative the motion to adjourn or to lay on the table can still be ifiade but they must he made before the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative and after said last question is affirmatively decided by a majority vote said motions will be out of order and the Senate cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives Rule 60 When the previous question has been ordered the Senate shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before 38 the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate When the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before the time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such Senators as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule Rule 61 After the main question is ordered any Senator may call for a division of the Senate in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays but on all questions on which the yeas and nays are called the assent of onefifth of the number present shall be necessary to sustain the call and when such call is sustained the yeas and nays shall be entered on the journal Rule 62 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the Senate to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved Rule 63 After the main question has been ordered a motion to reconsider this action will if adopted have the effect to repeal the ordering of both the main question and the previous question and will leave the pending measure again open to debate and amendment This motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question can be made only once and if lost or if the main question is again subsequently ordered on the pending measure no second motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question shall be entertained Vote how taken Yeas and nays Onefifth necessary Effect of main question being ordered Reconsideration when in order 39 Contested elections How called and ordered Call of the Senate when in order Questions of order Effect Not amendable Rule 64 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any matter if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member of said committee whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report Rule 65 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection Rule 66 A call of the Senate shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the President that a quorum is not present Rule 67 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE Rule 68 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session Rule 69 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended 40 Rule 70 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions ofi order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule Rule 71 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall ho renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has once been voted down MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN Rule 72 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another This motion cannot be renewed or made a second time to the same measure on the same day Rule 73 The motion to postpone to a day certain cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but only to the whole measure It is amendable by substituting one day or time for another If a day proposed is known to be beyond the limits of the Session the motion shall be treated as one to indefinitely postpone MOTION TO COMMIT Rule 74 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measures to a standing or special committee When cannot be applied Not renewed Debate when and how allowed Motion to commit 41 Precedence of When debatable How amended Motion to recommit Amendments how made Bill first perfected then the substitute Rule 75 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on Rule 76 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated Rule 77 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the Senator making the motion Rule 78 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majprity of a quorum MOTION TO AMEND Rule 79 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit 1st By inserting or adding words 2d By striking out words 3d By striking out and inserting words An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment Rule 80 When a bill or resolution is before the Senate for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the Senate to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitutes The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as 42 amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute Rule 81 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to whom was referred When too the bill or resolution under consideration has been amend agreed to by the Senate unless said action of the Senate in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered Rule 82 All motions to amend any matter before the Senate must bein writing and must plainly Mustbe in and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added Rule 83 On all questions whether in committee jj9 or in the Senate the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put Rule 84 Where blanks occur in any proposition Blankg they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend Rule 85 The caption or preamble of a bill or Caption resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected Rule 86 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading ecins and the Senate shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Secretary in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was 43 referred shall be read by the Secretary without any motion being made in the Senate and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur back and amend it Amend Rule 87 When a motion is made to amend by sdrikingout strikinS out and inserting the Secretary shall read sertin11 tbe ParaSraph as R then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended Priority of Rule 88 When a motion is made to amend by tomectnt strikinS out a paragraph any amendment offered to perfect the paragraph shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out Amending Rule 89 When any bill or resolution which origamend iuated in the Senate has been amended in the ments House and is before the Senate for action on the House amendment an amendment may be offered in the Senate to the House amendment but the See Rule Senate amendment to the House amendment can 130 uot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down Rule 90 A motion to amend an amendment Priority made by the House to a Senate bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment Rule 91 The questions which arise before the Sestions0f Senate respecting amendments by the House to a amendse Senate bill or resolution are 1st A motion to agree to the Hous amendment 2d A motion to disagree to the House amendment 3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment 44 4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment 5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment They take precedence in the above order RECONSIDERATION Rule 92 When the Journal of the preceding day shall he read it shall he in the power of any Senator to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter has been previously reconsidered provided such Senator shall notify the Senate of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed Rule 93 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made Rule 94 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once Rule 95 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the time for unanimous consents on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action Provided a motion to reconsider the action of the Senate ordering immediate transmission of any bill or resolution to the House shall be made and disposed of before the transaction of other business I Rule 96 The action of the Senate upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates Motion to reconsider Shall not be withdrawn when When there may be one reconsideration When in order Amendments when reconsidered Place on calendar Morning rollcall dispensed with by majority vote Names of absentees noted Sergeantatarms Power to compel attendance Call how ordered Subsequent proceedings Rule 97 All bills reconsidered shall take their place at the foot of calendar of bills then in order fora third reading ABSENTEES Rule 98 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the Senate shall not be dispensed with except by a majority vote of the Senators present Rule 99 Upon the call of the Senators ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Secretary and shall appear upon the Journal COMPELLING ATTENDANCE Rule 100 The power to compel the attendance of Senators in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the President and to this end he may have the doors of the Senate closed WRen the doors are so closed no Senator shall be allowed to retire from the Senate without first obtaining leave from the Senate The Messenger of the Senate shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the Senate and on order of the President may arrest any absentees and bring them before the Senate when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid CALL OF THE SENATE Rule 101 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the Senate is present or when the President shall officially state the fact to the Senate it shall be in order for any Senator to make a motion for a call of the Senate and when this motion is made the Presi 46 dent shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the Senate prevail and if live of the Senators present shall vote in the affirmative the President shall order the Secretary to call the roll of Senators and the absentees shall he noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the Senators present be sent for and arrested wherever they may he found by officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the Senate shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged MISCELLANEOUS RULES Rule 102When a message is sent to the Senate it shall be announced at the door of the Senate by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent Rule 103 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot nr a viva voce vote is being taken A message shall be presented to the Senate by the President when received or afterwards ac cording to its nature and the business on which the Senate is engaged or its consideration may on notion be ordered by the Senate Rule 104 After the motion is stated by the President or read by the Secretary it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Senate but may be withdrawn at any time before decision by consent ol the Senate Messages Messages when received and considered Motions 47 Petitions memorials etc No bedate Motions not privileged Record Not necessary to second motion Committees how and when enlarged Privileges of the floor Rule 105 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading Rule 106 Any motion to suspend the rules or change the ordr of business shall be decided without debate Rule 107 Any motion not privileged containing hew matter shall lie at least one day on the table Rule 108 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Secretary shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting Rule 109 Where a motion is made by any Senator it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the Senate Rule 110 After the announcement of the standing committees no other Senators shall be placed thereon unless it be at the request of a majority of the ommittee to be added thereto except when Senators have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the President may assign said Senators to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships Rule 111 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the Senate except the Senators and officers thereof the officers and members of the House the Governor of the State and the heads or officers of the Executive Department exGovernors Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts and Court of Appeals in actual commission ex 48 presiding officers of the Senate and House and such others as the Senate may allow upon recommendation of the committee on the privileges of the floor Rule 112 It shall be the duty of the committee f on Journals to read the Journal of each days pro ommtee ceedings and report to the Senate that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Secretary Rule 113 The hours of the morning sessions of Adjourn the Senate shall be from ten oclock A M to one ment oclock P M when the Senate shall stand adjourned until ten oclock A Mi of the next succeeding day Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by thf Senate Rule 114 A motion for the call of the yeas and nor nays shall be decided without debate abatable Rule 115 All writs warrants subpoenas issued signature of by order of the Senate shall be signed by the Pres and Sec retary ident and attested by the Secretary Rule 116 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend tt the wants of the Senate while in ses Messenger sion to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the President and to execute the demands of the Senate from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the President Rule 117 The Messenger under the direction of MesSen the Secretary shall superintend the distribution Ifffiing11 by the Pages of all documents and papers to be documents distributed to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them 49 Interlineation forbidden Pairing Committee of Conference Amend ments Free debate Rule 118 No committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendments recommended o na separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendments relate Rule 119 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting Rule 120 Whenever any Senator moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the President shall appoint a committee on the part of the Senate and in such case the committeeshall consist only of such Senators as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the Senate and if by inadvertence any Senator be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the Senate and be excused by the President Rule 121 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the Senate it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the Senate but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment Rule 122 No Senator shall after debating any question and before yielding the floor be allowed to submit any motion the effect of which shall be to prevent further debate Rule 123 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment If a motion be made to strike out a part of a bill or resolution a motion to amend Motion the part proposed to be stricken out shall be first in order Rule 124 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent Rule 125 Every motion for information from the Executive or other departments shall lie on the table one day unless referred to a committee by vote of the Senate Rule 126 On the call of the yeas and nays the Secretary shall read the names of the Senators after they have been called and no Senator shall be permitted to change his vot1 unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question Rule 127 Questions of privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the Senate collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of Senators individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other questions Provided that when any matter is pending before the Senate no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question is disposed of Rule 128 In all elections a majority of the Senators present shall be necessary to a choice Rule 129 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays are called and recorded All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money must originate in the House of Representatives but Majority and minority reports What motions lie on table Changing votes Questions of privilege Elections Appropriating moneyyeas and nays called and recorded Must originate in House Representatives 51 Amendment to Constitution entered in full in journals Caption or title only to be read in local bills Secretary to take oath and give bond Oath of enrolling and engrossing Clerks Must be examined by enrolling committee and be recommended by it as competent the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills Rule 130 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal and when any amendment to the Constitution shall be agreed to by a twothirds vote of members elected such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on the Journal in full with the yeas and nays taken thereon Rule 131 The first and second reading of local bills shall consist of the reading of the titles only unless said bill is ordered engrossed Rule 132 The Secretary and Assistant Secretary shall before entering on their duties as such take an oath before their presiding officer to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge and the Secretary shall enter into bond in the sum of 5000 conditioned for faithful discharge of his duties Said bond to be approved by President of Senate Rule 133 All engrossing and enrolling clerks before entering upon the discharge of their respective duties shall take an oath before the President of Senate to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge of which a minute shall be made and entered on the Journals and no journalizing recording enrolling or engrossing clerk shall be appointed by the Secretary of Senate until such clerk has been examined by the Enrolling Committee and certified to be competent and well qualified for the discharge of the duties required of him and shall be removed at any time upon recommendation of the Enrolling Committee Rule 134 When there is a meeting of both branches of the General Assembly in joint session the Secretary shall enter in the journal of the Senate the proceedings of the same COMMITTEES Rule 135 The President shall appoint the following standing committees Committee on Academy for the Blind Committee on Agriculture Committee on Appropriations Committee on Auditing Committee on Banks Committee on Commerce and Labor Committee on Congressional and Legislative Reapp orti onment Committee on Constitutional Amendments Committee on Corporations Committee on Education and Public Schools Committee on Engrossing Committee on Enrollment Committee on Finance Committee on Hall and Rooms Committee on Hygiene and Sanitation Committee on Insurance Committee on Internal Improvements Committee on Journals Committee on Judiciary for consideration of general bills Committee on Judiciary for consideration of special or local bills Committee on Manufactures Committee on Military Affairs Secretarymust enter on journals proceedings of joint sessions Committee on Mines and Mining Committee on Penitentiary Committee on Pensions Committee on Privileges and Elections Committee on Privileges of the Floor Committee on Public Library Committee on Public Printing Committee on Public Property Committee on Public Roads Committee on Railroads Committee on Rules of which the President shall be exofficio Chairman Committee on School for the Deaf Committee on State of the Republic Committee on State Sanitarium Committee on Temperance Committee on University of Georgia Committee on W A Railroad The Chairman and ViceChairman of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Finance and the Chairman and ViceChairman of the Committee on Finance shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations ORDER OF BUSINESS Rule 136 The following shall be the order of business 1 Prayer by the Chaplain 2 Calf of the Roll 3 Report of Committee on Journals 4 Notices of motions to reconsider 5 Reading the Journal 6 Motions to reconsider 7 Confirmation of the Journal 54 8 Unanimous consents 9 Reports of Standing Committees 10 Reports of Select Committees 11 Messages from the Governor 12 Unfinished business 13 Special Orders and Orders of the Day 14 Messages from the House of Representatives 15 Introduction of bills etc the first time on Mondays Wednesdays and Thursdays 16 Reading House bills etc the first time for reference 17 Reading bills etc second time favorably reported from committees 18 Consideration of bills etc adversely reported on Tuesdays and Fridays 19 Reading for third time of bills etc ready for passages 20 Motions resolutions and petitions Rule 137 The report of the Committee on Rules shall be in order at any time and messages from the Governor or from the House of Representatives may be received under any order of business Rule 138 No change of or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition be submitted in writing and referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the Senate Rule 139 The rules of the Senate shall in no case be suspended or changed or the order of business changed except by a twothirds vote a quorum of the Senate being present and voting Rule 140 The Auditing Committee before auditing the account of any Senator for expenses as a Committeeman or incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of the Senate shall require of him an C5 itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item whenever the same is practicable Rule 141 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies 06 RULES FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SENATE IN EXECUTIVE SESSION 1 When nominations shall be made by the Governor to the Senate a future day shall be assigned for their consideration unless the Senate directs otherwise 2 When acting on executive business the Senate shall be cleared of all persons except the Senators the Secretary and Assistant Secretary 3 All information or remarks touching or concerning the character or qualifications of any person nominated by the Governor for office shall be kept secret 4 The Legislative and Executive proceedings of the Senate shall be kept in separate and distinct books 5 All nominations approved by the Senate or otherwise definitely acted on shall be transmitted by the Secretary to the Governor with the determination of the Senate thereon from day to day as such proceedings may occur but no further extract from the Executive Journal shall be furnished published or otherwise communicated during any session except by special order of the Senate and in transmitting the determination of the Senate thereon the Secretary shall in no instance furnish a list of the names of Senators voting in the affirmative or negative but only the fact of confirmation or rejection and the numerical vote and the record of votes shall be sealed and transmitted to the Secretary of State s office there to be placed on file 6 A majority of a quorum shall be necessary to confirm the nomination to any office made by the Governor and sent to the Senate for approval When nominations are made by the Governor for any office which require the assent and approval of the Senate in executive session after the Secretary shall read the name of the party nominated and the position to which he is appointed the President shall put to the Senate the following Shall the nomination of the Governor be confirmed by the Senate 1 Those who favor the confirmation will as your names are called vote Aye those opposed vote No After the roll is called the President will announce the result of the ballot and declare the result as follows It appears from the vote that a majority of the Senators have voted to confirm the appointment made by the Governor the same is hereby confirmed bythe Senate or A majority of the Senators have voted against the confirmation of the nomination made by the Governor it is therefore rejected by the Senate 7 No Senator will be at liberty at any time or under any circumstances to expose or publish anything transpiring in executive session except only such matters as are required to be disclosed under the rules It is the intent and meaning of this rule that the business transacted in executive session shall be sacred and free from exposure to the outside world and that every Senator shall be on his honor concerning the same RULES FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WHEN ASSEMBLED IN JOINT SESSION 1 The time of the meeting of the two houses in joint session shall be determined by the concurrent resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives except where provided by law 2 The elections shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result 3 The votes are to be taken for but one election at the same time and a majority of the whole number of votes cast is necessary to a choice 4 The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet in joint session in the hall of the House of Representatives on the first Monday of every session at 10 oclock a m or at such time as may be fixed by joint resolution of both houses for the purpose of electing such officers of said State as are now or may hereafter be required to be elected by the General Assembly Said joint session shall continue in morning and afternoon sessions from day to day until all of said officers are elected 5 At the hour determined by the concurrent resolution the Senate shall repair to the Hall of the House of Representatives b9 6 The President of the Senate shall preside and announce that the General Assembly is in joint session and cause to be read the resolution convening thesame He shall put all questions to the body and decide all questions of order An appeal may be taken from any of his decisions to the whole General Assembly 7 The Speaker of the House shall sit on the left of the President of the Senate 8 In announcing a candidate the mover shall not make any commendatory or other remarks 9 After a person is nominated for any office in joint session of the General Assembly it shall not be in order to second such nomination and when the nomination is declared closed the President shall forthwith order the rollcall qnd each member when called shall rise in his seat and respond promptly aniiouncing distinctly his choice for such office 10 In the elections by the General Assembly no member after having voted shall be allowed to change his vote unless he will rise and state in his place that he voted by mistake or that his vote has been recorded by mistake 11 No debate shall be in order except as to questions of order 12 No motion to adjourn shall be in order In lieu thereof there shall be the motion to dissolve the joint session which shall be in theform That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved or That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved to be reconvened at a time named The latter motion shall have precedence of the former 13 The motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or until a fixed time shall always 60 be in order except that after the call of the roll has commenced it shall not be in order until after the result of said vote shall have been declared by the President of the Senate 14 When a motion to dissolve the joint session shall be decided in the negative the same shall not again be in order until other business shall have intervened 15 When motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or to a fixed time shall be decided in the affirmative the President of the Senate shall so declare and the Senate shall without further motion immediately repair to the Senate Chamber 16 The majority of each house shall be necessary to constitute a quorum of the joint session 17 These rules may be amended by the concurrent resolution of the two houses and they or either of them shall cease to be in force when either house shall notify the other house of the withdrawal of its consent to the same Officers and Members of the House of Representatives OFFICERS of the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1917 and 1918 JNO N HOLDER of JacksonSpeaker J A BEAZLEY of TaliaferroSpeaker Pro Tem E B MOORE of DeKalb Clerk HENRY P BRANHAM of NewtonReading Clerk E H RHODES of Clarke Journal Clerk W M REDMAN of Butts Calendar Clerk F M CARTER of BaconEnrolling Clerk F T BRIDGES of BarrowStenographer J B D PAULK of IrwinMessenger W T MORRIS of Talbot Doorkeeper NAMES OF MEMBERS of the House of Representatives of Georgia with COUNTY AND POSTOFFICE 19171918 NAMES OF MEMBERS ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED Name County Postoffice Adams A L Towns Hiawassee Adams F L Elbert Elberton Akin L R Glynn Brunswick Allen W Y Upson Thomaston Anderson A S Jenkins Millen Anderson A S Wilkes Danbrg Arnold Craig R Lumpkin Dahlonega Arnold E Z Clay Fort Gaines Arnold Stanford Coweta NeWnan Atkinson Spencer R Fulton Atlanta Austin J W Murray Resaca R F D 2 Ayers J S Jackson Jefferson Bagwell James M Carroll Carrollton R F D 8 Baldwin W A Talbot Junction City Bale John W Floyd Rome Ballard F D Newton Covington Ballard Ike Y Columbia Harlem Bankston W Trox Troup West Point Barfield H L Bibb Macon Barrett Dennis Whitfield Dalton Barrett S S Pike Meansville Barwick George M Montgomery Soperton Beall J R Richmond Blythe Beazley J A Taliaferro Crawfordville Beck I H P Carroll Bowdon 67 Name County POSTOffPICE Bellah W A Henry Stoekbridge Blalock J 0 Clayton Jonesboro Blasingame Josiah Walton Jersey Bond B F Franklin Canon Booker F G Wilkes Washington Bower R M Randolph Shellman Bowers J A Thomas Thomasville Boyett W S Stewart Lumpkin Brinson B Lewis Jr Emanuel Stillmore Brooks B B Macon Montezuma Brown L C Clarke Athens Brown L L Houston Fort Valley Burch James B Thomas Thomasville Burkhalter W T Tattnall Reidsville Burt W H Dougherty Albany Burwell W H Hancock Sparta Buxton G 0 Burke Girard Carroll T B Catoosa Rossville R F D ii Carter J H Bacon 1 Alma Cason Alison M Bryan 1 Ellabelle R F D 2 Chambers J A S Fayette Inman Cheney John P Cobb Marietta Chupp J L DeKalb Lithonia Clarke John D McIntosh Darien Clements J B Irwin Irwinville Clifton J D Lee Leesburg CoatesHoward E Pulaski Hawkinsville Collins F J Union Blairsville Conger A B Decatur Bainbridge Cook G W Miller T Colquitt Cooper J J Polk Cedartown Cravey J L Dodge Eastman Cullars John B Lincoln Lincolnton Culpepper A H Homerville Culpepper N F Meriwether Greenville Davenport H S Hall Gainesville Davidson W T Putnam Eatonton Davis G B Laurens 0 Dublin Dennard J E Webster Weston Dickey R L Crawford Musella Dorris W HCrisp Cordele 68 Name County Postoffice DuBose Toombs Clarke Athens Duncan J T Douglas Douglasville Ellis R c Tift Tifton Ennis J H Baldwin Milledgeville Eve J Hammond Chatham Savannah Fowler B J Bibb Macon Fowler Jarrett P Forsyth Cumming Frohoek R H Camden St Marys Foy C W Taylor Butler Gary Loren Quitman Georgetown Giddens A H Berrien Nashville Gilmore John H Turner Rebecca Gordy G G Chattahoochee Cusseta Grantland Seaton Spalding Griffin Green A T Gwinnett Lawrenoeville Griffin E H Decatur Bainbridge Hagood Charles B Milton Alpharetta R F D 2 Fall Joseph H Bibb Macon Harden 0 N Banks Homer Hardin T J Glascock Avera R F D 2 Harris Don Walker Chickamauga Harvin W E Calhoun Dickey Hatcher George C Wayne Screven Hatcher S B Jr Muscogee Columbus Hayes D S Stephens Estanollee Haynes V H Gordon 181 Sugar Valley Hinson W C Jeff Davis Hazlehurst Hodges W R Washington Sandersville Hogg J P Marion Buena Vista Holden W F Rabun Clayton Holder J N Jackson Jefferson Hollingsworth JCJrScreven Sylvania Howard C L Oglethorpe Stephens Howard T L Liberty Donald Johnson J W Appling Baxley Johnson M L Bartow Cass Station Jones Garland M Coweta Newnan Jones 0 E Lowndes Valdosta Jones W A Wilkinson Gordon Jones W F Elbert Elberton Key W H Jasper Monticello 69 Name County POSTOFFICE Kelley G F Gwinnett Jjawrenceville Kidd W J Baker Milford Kimsey J J White Robertstown Kimzey Sam Habersham Cornelia King James Jefferson Wrens Statesboro Lankford G W Toombs Lyons Lasseter W H Dooly Vienna Law Joseph Burke Waynesboro Lawrence Alex Chatham Savannah Lowe James H Oconee High Shoals Matthews j B Dawson Emma Maynard J D Wilcox Abbeville Mays R W Butts Jackson Madison Comer Middleton C S Early Blakely Moore 0 A Heard Texas Morris Fred Cobb Marietta Mullins W J Mitchell Baconton McCall J G Brooks Quitman McCalla J H Rockdale Conyers McCrory C R Schley Ellaville McDonald Walter R Richmond Augusta Neill W C 1Muscogee Columbus Nesmith M EColquitt Norman Park Owen B H Paulding Dallas Pace Stephen Sumter Amencus Parker D MWare Waeross Palmour J E Hall Gainesville Pickett D CTerrell Dawson Pickren T L Charlton Folkston Pilcher Mose BRichmond Augusta Rainey H N Jr Barrow Winder Reece W K Gilmer Ellijay Reiser J WEffingham Clyo R F D 2 Richardson C CHouston Byron Roberts G FEchols Howell R F D 1 Russell J W Floyd Borne Scott S A vJohnson Adrian Shannon J D Twiggs Jeffersonville Sibley J HartGreene Union Point 70 Name County POSTOFFICB Smith Fred A Telfair McRae Smith John Y Fulton Atlanta Smith Martin G Dade Trenton Staten W T Lowndes Valdosta Steele L J DeKalb Decatur Stewart Chas E Coffee Axson Stone J F Gradv Cairo Stovall J Glenn McDuffie Thomson Strickland W 0 Haralson Buchanan Stubbs L Q Laurens Dublin Swift H H Muscogee Columbus Swint T Jeff Washington Sandersville Swords J B Morgan Swords Sumner J Lewis Wheeler Stuckey Tatum R D Campbell Palmetto Taylor C M Monroe Smarrs Timmerman Ed Mumter Plains Trammell E B Harris Shiloh Trippe W D Bartow Taylorsville Turner S M Brooks B Quitman Yeazey P G Warren Warrenton Vincent Chesley Pickens Talking Rock Walker Jackson Pierce Blackshear Walker T D Sr Bleckley I Cochran Walker W R Ben Hill Fitzgerald White John C Fulton Atlanta Williams Bion Meriwether Woodbury Williams Green B Worth Sylvester Williams Volney Ware Way cross Winn J Seaborn Hart Royston Wood John S Cherokee BMfli Canton Woods I S Emanuel Swainsboro Woody W W Fannin Blue Ridge Worsham T J Chattooga Holland Wright J E Walton Monroe R F D 1 Wright J H Jones Gray Wright J W Bulloch Ivanhoe Wright Seaborn Floyd Rome Wyatt Lee B Troup West Point Vrylly L Dawson Chatham Savannah Youmans L E Candler Metter 71 NAMES OF MEMBERS of the House of Representatives of Georgia with COUNTY AND POSTOFFICE 19171918 NAMES OF COUNTIES ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED County Name Postoffice Appling J W Johnson Baxley Bacon J H Carter Alma Baker W J Kidd Milford Baldwin J H Ennis Milledgeville Banks 0 N Harden Homer Barrow H N Rainey Jr Winder Bartow W D Trippe Taylorsville Bartow M L Johnson Cass Station Ben Hill W E Walker Fitzgerald Berrien A H Giddens Nashville Bibb H L Barfield Macon Bibb B J Fowler Macon Bibb Joseph H Hall Macon Bleckley L D Walker Sr Cochran Brooks X G McCall Quitman Brooks S M Turner Quitman Bryan Alison M Cason Ellabelle R F D t Bulloch F T Lanier Statesboro Bulloch J W Wright Ivanhoe Burke Cr 0 Buxton Girard Burke Joseph Law Waynesboro Butts E W Mays B Jackson Calhoun W E Harvin Dickey Camden R H Frohock St Marys Campbell R D Tatum Palmetto 73 County Name Postoffice Candler L E Youmans Metter Carroll James M Bagwell Carrollton R F D 8 Carroll I H P Beck Bowdon Catoosa T B Carroll Rossville R F D 2 Charlton f L Pickren Folkston Chatham J Hammond Eve Savannah Chatham Alex Lawrence Savannah Chatham L Dawson Wylly Savannah Chattahoochee G G Gordy Cusseta Chattooga T J Worsham Holland Cherokee John S Wood Canton Clarke L C Brown Athens Clarke Toombs DuBose Athens Clay 1 Zach Arnold Fort Gaines Clayton J 0 Blalock Jonesboro Clinch A H Culpepper Homerville John P Ohenev Marietta Cobb Fred Morris Marietta Ohas E Stewart Axson Colquitt M E Nesmith Norman Park Columbia Ike Y Ballard Harlem Coweta Stanford Arnold Newnan Coweta Garland M Jones Newnan Crawford It L Dickey i Musella Crisp W H Dorris Cordele Dade M G Smith Trenton Dawson John B Matthews Emma Decatur A B Conger Bainbridge Decatur E H Griffin Bainbridge DeKalb J L Chupp Lithonia DeKalb L J Steele Decatur Dodge J L Cravey Eastman Dooly 4 W H Lasseter Vienna Dougherty W H Burt Albany Douglas J T Duncan Douglasville Early C S Middleton Blakely Echols 6 F Roberts Howell R F D 1 Effingham J W Reiser Clyo R F D 2 Elbert F L Adams Elberton Elbert W F Jones A Elberton Emanuel B Lewis Brinson Jr Stillmore County Name Postoffice Emanuel i L S Woods Swainsboro Fannin 7W W Woody Blue Ridge layette J A S Chambers Inman Floyd John W Bale Rome FJoyd J W Russell Rome Floyd Seaborn Wright Rome Forsyth Jarrett P Fowler Cumming Franklin i B F Bond Canon Fulton Spencer R Atkinson Atlanta Fulton John Y Smith Atlanta Fulton John C White Atlanta Gilmer W K Reece Ellijay Glascock T J Hardin Avera R F Glynn L R Akin Brunswick Gordon V H Haynes Sugar Valley Grady J F Stone Cairo Greene J Hart Sibley Union Point Gwinnett A T Green Lawrenceville Gwinnett G F Kelley Lawrenceville Habersham Sam Kimzev Cornelia Hall H S Davenport Gainesville Hall J E Palmour Gainesville Hancock W H Burwell Sparta Haralson W 0 Strickland Buchanan Harris E B Trammell Shiloh Hart J Seaborn Winn Royston Heard 0 A Moore Texas Henry W A Bellah Stockbridge Houston L L Brown Fort Valley Houston Trwin 0 C Richardson J B Clements Byron Irwinville Jackson J S Ayers Jefferson Jackson J N Holder Jefferson Jasper W H Key Montieello Jeff Davis W C Hinson Hazlehurst Jefferson James King Wrens Jenkins A S Anderson Millen Johnson S A Scott Adrian Jones J H Wright Gray Laurens G B Davis Dublin Laurens Q Stubbs Dublin 75 County Name POSTOEFICE Lee J D Clifton Leesburg Liberty T L Howard Donald Lincoln John B Cullars Lincolnton Lowndes 0 K Jones Valdosta Lowndes W T Staten Valdosta Lumpkin Craig R Arnold Dahlonega McDuffie J Glenn Stovall Thomson McIntosh Ino D Clarke Darien Macon B B Brooks Montezuma Madison Jas L Mercier Comer Marion J P Hogg Buena Vista Meriwether N F Culpepper Greenville Meriwether Bion Williams Woodbury Miller G W Cook Colquitt Milton C B Hagood Alpharetta R Mitchell W J Mullins Baconton Monroe C M Taylor Smarrs Montgomery George M Barwiek Soperton Morgan J B Swords Swords Murray J W Austin Resaca R F Muscogee i S B Hatcher Jr Columbus Muscogee W C Neill Columbus Muscogee H H Swift Columbus Newton F D Ballard Covington Oconee Jas H Lowe High Shoals Oglethorpe C L Howard Stephens Paulding B H Owen Dallas Pickens Chesley Vincent r Talking Rock Pierce Jackson Walker Blackshear Pike S S Barrett Meansville Polk J J Cooper Cedartown Pulaski Howard E Coates Hawkinsville Putnam W T Davidson Eatonton Quitman Loren Gary Georgetown Rabun W F Holden Clayton Randolph R M Bower Shellman Richmond J R BeaH Blythe Richmond W R McDonald f Augusta Richmond Mose B Filcher Augusta Rockdale J H McCalla Conyers Schley 0 R McCrory Ellaville County Name Postoffice Screven Spalding Seaton Grantland Griffin Stephens 1 S Hayes Estanollee Stewart W S Boyett Lumpkin Sumter Stephen Pace Americus Sumter Ed Timmerman Plains Talbot W A Baldwin Junction City Taliaferro J A Beazley Crawfordville Tattnall W T Burkhalter Beidsville Taylor 0 W Foy Butler Telfair Fred A Smith McRae Terrell D C Pickett Dawson Thomas J A Bowers Meigs Thomas James B Burch Thomasville Tift E C Ellis Tif ton Toombs G W Lankford Lyons Towns A L Adams Hiawassee Troup W Trox Brankston West Point Troup Lee B Wyatt West Point Turner John H Gilmore Rebecca Twiggs J D Shannon Jeffersonville Union F J Collins Blairsville Upson W Y Allen Thomaston Walker Don Harris Chickamauga Walton Josiah B Blasingame Jersey Walton J E Wright Monro R F D Ware D M Parker Waycross Ware Volney Williams Waycross Warren P G Yeazey rWarrenton Washington W E Hodges Sandersville Washington T Jeff Swint Sandersville Wayne Geo C Hatcher Screven Webster J E Dennard Weston Wheeler J Lewis Sumner Stuckey White J J Elimsey Robertstown Whitfield Dennis Barrett Dalton Wilcox J D Maynard Abbeville Wilkes A S Anderson Danburg Wilkes F G Booker Washington Wilkinson W A Jones Gordon Worth Green B Williams Sylvester Standing Committees of the House of Representatives ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND McDonald Chairman Gilmore ViceChairman Barfield Kimsey of White Clifton Nesmith Dickey Reiser Fowler of Bibb Vincent Gordy Woods Hagood Worsham Hinson Wright of Bulloch Holden Wright of Walton AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION Williams of Ware Lasseter Chairman ViceChairman Arnold of Clay Lawrence Atkinson McCall Ayers McCalla Bale Mullins Bower of Randolph Neill Booker Palmour Cheney Scott Coates Steele DuBose Stubbs Fowler of Bibb Swint Hall Wood Langford 81 APPROPRIATIONS Hall Chairman DuBose ViceChairman Arnold of Lumpkin Key Ayers Law Beall Lawrence Beazley Middleton Booker Pace Bower of Randolph Palmour Carroll Richardson Carter Sibley Cheney Staten Clements Stewart Dickey Stone Duncan Stovall Ennis Swords Grantland Trippe Hatcher of Musco Turner gee White Hollingsworth Williams of Worth Johnson of Bartow Wright of Floyd Jones of Coweta Wright of Jones AUDITING Stone Chairman Allen Ballard of Newton Blasingame Clifton Adams of Elbert ViceChairman Davenport Haynes Kidd Walker of Pierce 82 BANKS AND BANKING Duncan Chairman Akin Anderson of Wilkes Barwick Blasingame Clifton Cullars Ennis Foy Bond ViceChairman Giddens Jones of Lowndes Jones of Wilkinson Rainey SwTords Taylor Trammell Wylly CONSEBVATION Taylor Chairman Adams of Towns Bnxton Collins Hagood Hodges Holden Kimsey of White King Hatcher of Wayne ViceChairman Matthews Palmonr Stovall Swift Swint Vincent Walker of Ben Hill Wright of Floyd CORPORATIONS Shannon Chairman Baldwin Ballard of Newton Bankston Barfield Bnrch Bnxton Cnllars Frohock Bellah ViceChairman Griffin Hardin of Glascock Kimsey of White Lowe Pickett Sumner Trammell Williams of Ware 83 COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS Dickey Chairman Clifton ViceChairman Adams of Elbert Gilmore Bagwell Harden of Banks Barrett of Whit King field Mays Beall Maynard Bellah Nesmith Carroll Timmerman Carter Worsham Chupp Wright of Floyd Cravey Youmans DRAINAGE Cheney Chairman Clarke ViceChairman Akin Green Booker Lawrence Chnpp Nesmith Conger Palmonr DuBose Pilcher Ennis Scott Frohock jj Swift Grantland Wright of Walton EDUCATION Burkhalter Chairman Bagwell Barrett of Whitfield Boyett Brinson Brooks Culpepper of Clinch Ellis Vincent ViceChairman Hatcher of Wayne Howard of Liberty Jones of Elbert McCrory Nesmith Reiser Steele Walker of Bleckley Winn ENGROSSING Pickren Chairman Austin Ballard of Columbia Boyett Clements Cravey Dickey Fowler of Bibb Holden ViceChairman Hogg Hollingsworth Kimzey of Habersham McCrory Strickland Taylor ENROLLMENT Carroll Chairman Beck Burch Hatcher of Muscogee Jones of Elbert Mercier Mullins ViceChairman Owen Roberts Shannon Staten Williams of Worth Winn EXCUSE OF MEMBERS Mays Chairman Blalock Boyett Brown of Clarke Dennard Hayes King McDonald Lowe ViceChairman Rainey Staten Tatum Timmerman Wright of Jones Wood Youmans 85 GAME AND FISH Stewart Chairman Bowers Brown of Clarke Clarke Frohock Hagood Harvin Kimsey of White Lasseter Cason ViceChairman Lawrence Mercier Pickren Roberts Russell Smith of Telfair Walker of Pierce Wyatt GENERAL AGRICULTURE NO 1 Johnson of Bartow Chairman Anderson of Wilkes Barfield Barrett of Pike Bellah Boyett Brinson Brown of Clarke Burkhalter Buxton Chambers Cheney Clifton Collins Cravey Davis Eve Frohock Gilmore Grantland Haynes Hodges CULLARS ViceChairman Howard of Oglethorpe Lankford Lowe Mays Moore Mercier Owen Pickren Russell Scott Sibley Staten Stewart Sumner Swords Tatum Trippe Walker of Pierce Winn Woods 86 GENERAL AGRICULTURE NO 2 Blasingame Chairman Mullins ViceChairman Arnold of Lumpkin Hayes Austin Hinson Bagwell Hogg Baldwin Johnson of Ap Blalock pling Booker Jones of Lowndes Bowers Kidd Brown of Houston King Brooks Maynard Carter Parker Clarke Rainey Clements Reiser Cook Roberts Cooper Russell Dennard Strickland Ellis Taylor Ennis Timmerman Gary Vincent Green Walker of Ben Hill Hagood Wright of Bulloch Harris 87 GENERAL JUDICIARY NO 1 Ellis Chairman Ayers ViceChairman Allen McCall Anderson of Jen McCalla kins McDonald Bale Morris Beazley Neill Burch Pace Coates Parker Conger Richardson Davidson Smith of Dade Fowler of Forsyth Smith of Fulton Foy Stovall Hayes Stubbs Hollingsworth Swint Jones of Coweta Trammell Kelly Veazey Lanier Wyatt Law GENERAL JUDICIARY NO 2 Btjrwell Chairman Wood ViceChairman Arnold of Clay Hall Arnold of Coweta Hatcher of Musco Atkinson gee Bankston Key Bower of Randolph Kimzey of Brown of Houston Habersham Burkhalter Lankford Burt Lasseter Cason Lawrence Cheney McCrory Culpepper of Shannon Meriwether Steele Davis Stone Dorris Swift Fowler of Bibb Turner Harris Wright of Floyd 88 GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF Ballard of Newton Chairman Adams of Towns Austin Buxton Cook Cooper Fowler of Forsyth Harden of Banks Haynes Trippe ViceChairman Hogg Matthews Maynard Reece Russell Strickland Tdttuin Walker of Bleckley GEORGIA STATE SANITARIUM Arnold of Lumpkin Chairman Ballard of Newton Bale Beall Bond Brooks Culpepper of Clinch Duncan Ennis Hardin of Banks Hayes Hinson Cooper ViceChairman Hodges Howard of Oglethorpe Johnson of Appling Matthews Pilcher Reece Winn Woody Wright of Jones HALL AND ROOMS Wright of Jones Chairman Adams of Towns Atkinson Baldwin Barrett of Pike Beazlev Cravy Foy Giddens Walker of Pierce ViceChairman Gordy Harvin Kelly Law McCalla Morris Stovall 89 HYGIENE AND SANITATION White Chairman Beall ViceChairman Adams of Elbert Gary Barwick Harden of Banks Bond Johnson of Bartow Chambers Maynard Culpepper of Mays Clinch Middleton Davidson Walker of Bleckley Ellis Wright of Jones INSURANCE Lasseter Chairman Cravey ViceChairman Akin Hollingsworth Arnold of Lumpkin Howard Ayers Richardson Ballard of Colum Smith bia Stewart Beck Tatum Cullars Walker of Pierce Harvin Worsham Hayes INVALID PENSIONS AND SOLDIERS HOME McCall Chairman Frohock ViceChairman Bagwell Hayes Ballard of Colum Hodges bia Key Beall Mays Boyett Mullins Carroll Stone Conger Walker of Bleckley Gordy Worsham 90 JOURNALS Bond Chairman Ayers Culpepper of Meriwether Green Hatcher of Mus cogee Lanier Lankford Matthews Fowler of Forsyth ViceChairman Moore McCrory Neill Nesmith Rainey Reiser Smith of Dade Smith of Fnlton LABOR AND LABOR STATISTICS Arnold of Clay Chairman Anderson of Wilkes Baldwin Bnrwell Davis Hollingsworth Lankford Law Lowe Howard of Oglethorpe ViceChairman McDonald Pickett Russell Shannon Strickland Woods Wright of Walton Wylly MANUFACTURES Davenport Chairman Adams of Elbert Bagwell Cheney Coates Culpepper of Clinch Grantland Howard of Oglethorpe Eve ViceChairman Jones of Elbert Key McCrory McDonald Pickett Stubbs Wright of Jones Youmans 91 MILITARY AFFAIRS Jones of Elbert Chairman Anderson of Jenkins Ayers Barfield Barwick Beazley Blasingame Burkhalter Burwell Ennis ViceChairman Coates Culpepper of Clinch Davis Fowler of Bibb Griffin Morris Neill MINES AND MINING Holden Chairman Adams of Towns Arnold of Lumpkin Fowler of Forsyth Kimzey of Habersham Collins ViceChairman Parker Reece Roberts Smith of Dade Woody MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT DuBose Chairman Arnold of Coweta Atkinson Bale Bower of Randolph Conger Davenport Ellis Hall Wylly ViceChairman Jones of Coweta Jones of Elbert King McCalla Pickett Pilcher Walker of Ben Hill Wright of Floyd 92 PENITENTIARY Dorris Chairman Adams of Elbert Adams of Towns Anderson of Wilkes Austin Ballard of Columbia Ballard of Newton Barfield Barrett of Whitfield Blalock Bond Bowers Brinson Buxton Carter Clifton Collins Cook Cravey Cullars Davenport Dennard Gordy Green Griffin Hardin of Glascock Harvin Hayes PiCKREsr ViceChairman Haynes Hinson Hodges Hogg Johnson of Appling Kidd Kimsey of White Lowe Matthews Moore Mullins Parker Pickett Reece Roberts Stubbs Sumner Taylor Trippe Veazey Walker of Ben Hill Williams of Worth Wood Woods Woody Worsham Wright of Walton Youmans 93 PENSIONS Allen Chairman Ballard of Columbia Beck Bellah Cook Harden of Banks Hardin of Glascock Hatcher of Wayne Hinson Hatcher of Muscogee ViceChairman McCall Middleton Morris Pilcher Richardson Scott Smith of Telfair Trammell Woody PRIVILEGES AND ELECTION Neill Chairman Barwick Burt Chambers Howard of Oglethorpe Kelly Mullins Reece Stovall Roberts ViceChairman Strickland Trammell Trippe White Williams of Ware Williams of Worth Wood Wylly PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR Scott Chairman Barrett of Pike Bellah Brinson Brown of Houston Dennard Dorris Gary Owen ViceChairman Hardin of Glascock Howard of Liberty Johnson of Bartow Jones of Lowndes g Jones of Wilkinson Kidd Richardson 94 PUBLIC HIGHWAYS McCalla Chairman Chambers ViceChairman Cason Hatcher of Wayne Dennard Richardson Eve Sibley Giddens Smith of Dade Gilmore Swint Hagood Turner Harvin White Pickren Wood Wright of Bulloch PUBLIC LIBRARY Law Chairman Mercier ViceChairman Booker Palmour Clements Shannon Ennis Steele Gilmore Stubbs Hardin of Glascock Tatum Harris Timmerman Lawrence Wyatt PUBLIC PRINTING Williams of Meriwether Arnold of Coweta Chairman Bankston Brown of Houston Carter Conger Griffin Middleton Pace Reiser ViceChairman Scott Stone Swift Veazey Vincent Walker of Ben Hill Wright of Bulloch Wright of Walton 95 PUBLIC PROPERTY Swint Chairman Ballard of Columbia Barwick Booker Chupp Cook Dickey Dorris Hall Jones of Lowndes Hogg ViceChairman Jones of Wilkinson Lankford Nesmith Owen Smith of Telfair Swords Trippe Tnrner Wood RAILROADS Bankston Chairman Anderson of Jenkins Bower of Randolph Bnrt Carter Coates Conger Cravey Eve Griffin Hollingsworth ViceChairman Howard of Oglethorpe Johnson of Appling Mercier Neill Palmonr Rainey Staten Woody REFORMATORIES Kelly Chairman Bale Blalock Bowers Burch Burt Duncan Gilmore Hardin of Glascock Reece ViceChairman Hatcher of Wayne Middleton Moore Steele Sumner Veazey Williams of Ware Wyatt 96 RULES The Speaker Chairman Akin eleventh district Beazley tenth district Beck fourth district Burkhalter first district Culpepper of Meriwether Dorris third district DuBose eighth district Duncan SANITARIUM Brooks Chairman Austin Chambers Collins Frohock Gordy Harden of Banks Harris Hinson Jokes of Coweta ViceChairman Hall sixth district Johnson of Bartow seventh district Kelly ninth district Pace Smith of Fulton fifth district Stone second district Stubbs twelfth district Turner ALTO GA Matthews ViceChairn Kimsey of White Kimzey of Habersham McCall Nesmith Owen Swords Worsham Youmans 97 SPECIAL JUDICIARY Pace Chairman Allen Anderson of Jenkins Arnold of Coweta Atkinson Booker Burch Clements Davidson Kimsey of Habersham ViceChairman Davis Fowler of Forsyth Foy Hatcher of Muscogee Lanier Trippe Wright of Bulloch Wyatt STATE OF REPUBLIC Grantland Chairman Anderson of Wilkes Blasingame Burkhalter Burwell Conger Culpepper of Meriwether Duncan Atkinson ViceChairman Hall Hodges McCall Palmour Pickett Stone Stubbs Wright of Floyd TEMPERANCE Culpepper of Meriwether Chairman Barfield Barrett of Pike Bellah Carroll Chupp Foy Gary Giddens Sibley ViceChairman Jones of Wilkinson Lasseter McCall Timmerman Trammell Veazey White Winn 98 UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA AND ITS BRANCHES Morris Chairman Brinson ViceChairman Arnold of Coweta Lanier Anderson of Law Wilkes Beck Brown of Clarke Brown of Houston Burt Jones of Lowndes Palmour Russell Swift Turner Williams of Meriwether Key Williams of Worth WAYS AND MEANS Akin Chairman Swift ViceChairman Anderson of Green Jenkins Arnold of Clay Baldwin Bale Barfield Barrett of Pike Barrett of Whitfield Beck Blalock Bond Brown of Clarke Burwell Cason Chambers Chupp Clarke Cullars Culpepper of Meriwether Davidson Duncan Hatcher of Wayne Howard of Liberty Jones of Wilkinson Kidd Lanier Mays McCrory Owen Parker Pickett Rainey Smith of Fulton Smith of Telfair Steele Stubbs Taylor Trammell Williams of Meriwether Wright of Floyd Wright of Walton Wylly 99 WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILROAD Turner Chairman Akin Barfield Bnrch Carroll Cheney Cooper Davenport Green Harris Holden Johnson of Appling Barrett of Whitfield ViceChairman Mercier Morris Owen Pickren Sibley Smith of Dade Stewart Swift Williams of Meriwether 100 THE SPEAKER Rule 1 The Speaker shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful Rule 2 In all cases of election by the House the Speaker shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the House be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the Speaker shall vote and his vote so cast shall be counted the same as that of any ether member Rule 3 When two or more members shall rise at the same time the Speaker shall name the person entitled to proceed Rule 4 The Rules Committee shall consist of one member from each Congressional District nominated by the members of the District and confirmed by the House and two from the House at large elected by the House and the Speaker who shall be exOfficio Chairman All other Committees shall be appointed by the Speaker unless otherwise ordered by the House Provided this shall not apply to appointments already made Rule 5 The method of stating a question or any motion by the Speaker after the same has been Discretion of Speaker When Speaker shall vote Right of member to the floor to be decided by the Speaker Appointment of committees Methods of stating a question by Speaker 103 Speaker may name members to preside Duty of Clerk when Speaker is absent Appeals from ruling of the Speaker read to the House by the Clerk shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the Speaker or a division of the House is called for by any one member of the House the Speaker shall call upon the members in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the clerk he shall call upon the members to reverse their positions and the Speaker shall announce the result Rule 6 The Speaker may during a days sitting name any member to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the Speaker shall be absent the Speaker pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Clerk of the House shall call the House to order and shall preside until a Speaker pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the House The Speaker pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease Rule 8 Should any member of the House be dissatisfied with the ruling of the Speaker on any point he shall rise and respectfully address the Speaker and say I appeal from the decision of the Chair The Speaker will then state to the House the point ruled on and his decision on it and shall then put the question of appeal to the House as follows All in favor of the decision of the Chair standing as the sense of this House will say Aye Those opposed will say No and the decision of the House in sustaining or overruling the Speaker shall be final 104 Rule 9 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate Rule 10 All appeals from the decision of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made Rule 11 Where debate is permissible on appeals from the decision of the Chair any member after being recognized by the Speaker may address his remarks directly to the House Rule 12 The Speaker shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the House within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the House may see fit to take in the premises Rule 13 The Speaker shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the House cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of the House to be deal with for contempt of the House Rule 14 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the House the Speaker may order the door of the House to be closed and the roll of members called by the Clerk and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the House and if any member present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the House When no dbate on appeals Appeals to be made at once When members may address the House Power of Speaker to suspend subordinate officers When Speaker may order galleries and lobbies cleared No quorum voting duty of Speaker 105 When Speaker may order vote taken by yeas and nays Decision on questions of priority Conduct of members in debate Time extended how Expulsion Rule 15 The Speaker may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the House discloses the fact that a quorum of the House has not voted Rule 16 All questions as to the priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the Speaker without debate ON DECORUM AND DEBATE Rule 17 When any member is about to speak ip debate or deliver any matter to the House he shall rise from his seat and respectfully address himself to Mr Speaker He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing1 to speak shall have spoken No member of the House shall occupy the floor longer than one 1 hour in debating any question unless otherwise ordered by the House and any motion to extend such members time shall be decided without debate If any member in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the House the Speaker shall call him to order in which case the member so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The House shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the House be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the House by a twothirds vote of the members which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays and recorded on the Journal of the House 106 Rule 18 If any member be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Clerk and read then admitted denied or explained by the member who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the House may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the House is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been exhausted or until such further time as may then be ordered by the House But no member shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the House for words spoken in debate if any other member has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken Rule 19 The members of the House shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking member shall have taken his seat Rule 20 The members shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the place in which they may be or the county they represent Rule 21 No member shall address the House except as heretofore stated in case of appeals or interrogate a member who is speaking except through the Speaker and should the member speaking decline to be interrupted the Speaker shall cause the member desiring to interrogate to be silent 11 Exception to words spoken Proviso Silence Mode of designating members House how addressed Questions and interruptions 107 Shall not vote when interested in result Protests Smoking and conversation prohibited Duty while member is speaking and at adjournment Matters transpiring in Senate Committees and private conversation not to be referred to Laudatory and disparaging remarks when forbidden Rule 22 No member shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is immediately and particularly interested In every case where the seat of a member is being contested the sitting member and the contestant shall both retire from the House before the vote is taken Rule 23 Any member may enter a protest in writing against the action of the House said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the House nor any member thereof and such protest shall be entered by the Clerk upon the Journal of the House Rule 24 No member shall smoke in the House nor shall he converse with any one over the bar thereof Rule 25 No member shall be permitted to enter upon the floor of the House or remain thereon in an intoxicated condition and the Messenger and the Doorkeepers of the House are specially charged with the rigid enforcement of this rule Rule 26 No member shall pass between the Chair and a member while he is speaking nor shall any member at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the Speaker retires Rule 27 No member shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another member or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the Senate Rule 28 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged 108 Rule 29 Applause or hisses in the Representative Applause chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any Bladen8 speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed Rule 30 During the calling or reading of yeas No debate Ti during yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be naa and nays Rule 31 No member can make more than one Gnly one motion at a time and while the motion is being otdecat put to the House he must resume his seat and he a time is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the Speaker Rule 32 On all questions except such as are Explanation debatable any member on the call of the yeas and nays shall as a matter of right be allowed three minutes in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by yeas and nays no member shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent of the House No motion shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a members time for explaining Rule 33 When the reading of any paper is called Reading of for and the same is objected to by any member it papers shall be determined by a vote of the House and this motion shall be decided without debate Rule 34 Every member within the hall when a when memquestion is put shall vote unless he is immediately Vote and particularly interested therein or the House shall excuse him A motion to excuse a member from voting must be made before the House divides excuse or before the call of the yeas and nays is com Excuses menced and it shall be decided without debate ex from vot s cept that the member making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail 109 Call for a division Division how made Qualifying paragraph exception and proviso Strike out and insert not divisible Call of Counties Bills and resolutions called in order Proviso Rule 35 No member shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then make any motion the effect of which is to cut off debate without relinquishing the floor DIVISION OF QUESTION Rule 36 Any member may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the Sense thereof will admit of it Rule 37 The member calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by themselves and be consistent and entire Rule 38 A qualifying paragraph an exception or a proviso if taken from that to which it belongs would not contain a distinct or entire proposition Rule 39 A motion to strike out and insert is an indivisible proposition BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Rule 40 The Clerk shall on Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call the Counties for the introduction of new matter beginning alternately at the first and last of the alphabet Provided that no member shall introduce more than one bill of a general nature on any day except companion bills Rule 41 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Clerk shall distinctly state its 110 IJ number and the name of the member by whom introduced provided that House and Senate bills and resolutions adversely reported shall not be taken up for a second reading except by request of the authors of such bill or resolution or some member of the House provided that the General Tax Bill and the General Appropriation Bill shall take precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said Bills shall have been finally disposed of Rule 42 Every motion to suspend the rules for the purpose of taking up bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion to make special orders shall except by the unanimous consent of the House be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the House Rule 43 The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter nor to read any bill or resolution the second time or any local bill or resolution a third time or to put any local bill or resolution upon its passage or to make special orders for any bill or resolution except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal or after the reading of the Journal has been dispensed with The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to put any general bill or resolution upon its passage or to read such bill or resolution a second time and recommit The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time Effect of unanimous consent Ill Suspension of rules No debate Bills etc when introduced No debate on first reading Rule 44 The rules of this House known as constitutional rules shall in no case be suspended all other rules shall in no case be suspended nor changed nor the order of business be changed except by a vote of twothirds of the members voting Provided however that in ordei to so change or suspend the rules or change the order of business said twothirds so voting in favor of said change or suspension shall constitute a majority of the members of the whole House Rule 45 No change or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition be first referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the House Provided however that im mediately after the confirmation of the Journal on the day following the introduction in the House of the proposed change or addition to these rules the Committee on Rules shall report the same back to the House A failure to so report such proposed change or addition to these rules for two days shall automatically bring said proposed change or addition before the House for consideration Rule 46 Any motion to suspend rules or change the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate Rule 47 It shall be in order to introduce bills or other matter upon the call of the counties without any previous notice having been given for that purpose Rule 48 No debate shall be admitted upon any Bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any bill or resolution or other matter requiring reference to a Committee the Speaker shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise or 112 dered by the House In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Clerk and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed In cases where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Any bill may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the House Rule 49 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the Senate on the day of the passage thereof unless twothirds of the members present shall so order Rule 50 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the House by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the House agreeing thereto Rule 51 All proceedings touching the appropriating of money shall be considered in the Committee of the Whole House Rule 52 All bills and resolutions shall be in writing and shall have the name of the member introducing the same as well as the county he representSj indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same Effect of fa vorable report of commitee Average report of committee Bills when withdrawn Transmis sion to Senate by majority vote Bills when printed Committee of the whole House See Rule 107 et al Bills and resolutions to be in writing How indorsed 313 Reports of committees order of action Order of precedence Not dbatable when may be renewed Rule 53 Where a bill or resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the House and in all cases the report of the Committee of the Whole House shall be first acted on by the House Rule 54 The Committee on Rules during the last seven days of each session shall arrange and fix a calendar for each days business and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing special order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order fixed by such calendar except by a twothirds vote of the House PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS Rule 55 When any subject is before the House for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit 1st Motion to adjourn 2d A motion to lay on table 3d A motion for the previous question 4th A motion to adjourn to a time definite 5th A motion to postpone indefinitely 6th A motion to postpone to a day certain 7th A motion to commit 8th A motion to amend Which said motions shall have precedence in the order in which they stand as above arranged MOTION TO ADJOURN Rule 56 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the House A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended 114 Rule 57 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the House is not actually engaged in other business is debatable Rule 58 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the member moving it can legitimately obtain the floor Rule 59 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Clerk has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on a vote and the VQte is in process of being counted and announced Rule 60 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the House to the next sitting day or time in course Rule 61 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive white the vote of the House is being taken by yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive white the House is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous qiestion has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the House shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE Rule 62 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order 115 When debatable When made When not in order Effect of adjournment Hour of adjournment What business postpone Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table How matters may be taken from table Effect of vote to table Effect of vote to take from table No motion to table in order until rollcall is completed When renewed Not debatable or amendable Rule 63 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the House is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken up the same is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar Rule 64 If the motion to lay on the table prevails it removes from the consideration of the House the measure together with all the motion attached to it at the time it is so disposed of Rule 65 When the proposition is again taken from the table it stands before the House in the exact form with all the motions pertaining to it just as it did at the time the motion to lay on the table prevailed Rule 66 After a yea and nay vote is called on any bill or resolutionthe House not acting at the time under the previous questionand one vote has been recorded no motion to table shall be in order until the rollcall shall have been completed When any bill or resolution is tabled after the completion of the rollcall and then taken from the table nothing can be done except to announce the result of said vote as shown by said rollcall at the time said bill or resolution was tabled Rule 67 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes Rule 68 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable 116 Rule 69 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again Rule 70 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted on the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION Rule 71 The motion for the previous question shallbe decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except a motion to adjourn or to lay on the table but neither of said motions shall be made but once until after the previous question has been exhausted and when it is moved the question shall be Shall the motion for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority of a quorum in the affirmative and the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum all other motions except one motion to reconsider the action in ordering the main question will be out of order and the House cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives Rule 72 When the previous question has been ordered the House shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate Where the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer What can be tabled When in order Effect of previous question Twenty minutes debate allowed 117 Vote how taken Effect of main question being ordered Contested Election How called and ordered of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such members as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule This rule shall not be construed to allow the twenty minutes above referred to to be used but once on any hill or measure and then on the final passage of the bill or measure Rule 73 After the main question is ordered any member may call for a division of the House in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays if the call for the yeas and nays is sustained by onefifth of the members voting the vote shall be taken by the yeas and nays and so entered on the Journal Rule 74 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the House to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it whs moved Rule 75 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any question if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report Rule 76 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection 118 Rule 77 A call of the House shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the Speaker that a quorum is not present Rule 78 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate MOTIONS TO INDEFINTELY POSTPONE Rule 79 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session Rule 80 The motion to indefinitely postponelays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended Rule 81 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule Rule 82 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has been voted down MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN Rule 83 The motion to postpone a bill resolution or other measure to a day certain when decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum Call of the House when in order Questions of order Effect Not amendable When cannot be applied Not renewed 119 Effect of negative vote May be amended To a day beyond the session Debate when and how allowed Motion how applied removes the subject from before the House until the time designated and makes it a privileged question for that day so selected Rule 84 If the motion to postpone a bill a resolution or other measure is decided in the negative it leaves the question before the House as it was before the motion was made and it cannot be moved a second time on sapie day or at the same stage of the proceeding Rule 85 This motion to postpone to a day certain may be amended by substituting one day for another In this ease the time would be treated as a blank and the Speaker should treat these propositions as he would those to fill blanks Rule 86 If a day designated is known to be beyond the session the Speaker shall treat the motion as though it had been a motion to indefinitely postpone the subject Rule 87 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another It shall be the duty of the Speaker to hold members rigidly to these points Rule 88 This motion cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but must be applied to the whole bill resolution or other measure before the House and when it prevails it carries forward the whole proposition and its appendages to the day named 120 MOTIONS TO COMMIT Rule 89 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee or committee of the whole House Rule 90 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on but where a motion is made that a bill resolution or other measure be committed to the committee of the whole House this motion shall be put before either of the above named motions Rule 91 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated Rule 92 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the member making the motion Rule 93 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee eitherstanding or special may on motion be recommitted to the sameor any other committee by a majority of a quorum MOTIONS TO AMEND Rule 94 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit 1st By inserting or adding words 2d By striking out words 3d By striking out and inserting words An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment Motion to commit Precedence of When debatable How amended Motion to recommit Amendments how made 121 Substitute Bill first perfected then the substitute When too late to amend Must be in writing Priority Blanks Rule 95 A substitute is simply an amendment it is in effect a motion to strike out all after the enacting clause of a bill or the word Resolved in a resolution and insert that offered as a substitute Rule 96 When a bill or resolution is before the House for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the House to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute Rule 97 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to whom was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the House unless said action of the House in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall firstbe reconsidered Rule 98 All motions to amend any matter before the House must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added Rule 99 On all questions whether in committee or in the House the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put Rule 100 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend 122 Rule 101 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected Rule 102 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the House shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Clerk in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Clerk without any motion being made in the House and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur and amend it Rule 103 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment Rule 104 WEen a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Clerk shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended Rule 105 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a part of a bill or resolution any amendment offered to perfect the part proposed to be stricken shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out Rule 106 When any bill or resolution which originated in the House has been amended in the Senate and is before the House for action on the Senate amendment an amendment may be offered Caption when amended Amending by sections Amendments by striking out and inserting Priority of Amendment to perfect Amending Senate Amend ments 123 See Rule 136 Priority Priority of questions Senate amendments Motion to reconsider in the House to the Senate amendment but the House amendment to the Senate amendment can not be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down Rule 107 A motion to amend an amendment made by the Senate to the House bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment Rule 108 The questions which arise before the House respecting amendments by the Senate to a House bill or resolution are 1st A motion to agree to the Senate amendment 2d A motion to disagree to the Senate amendment 3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment 4th A motion to insist on its disagrement or amendment 5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment They take precedence in the above order RECONSIDERATION Rule 109 When the Journal oT the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any member whether said member previously voted in the affirmative or negative on the matter sought to be reconsidered to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter as has been previously reconsidered provided such member shall notify th House of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed Provided further that the action of the House on Senate amendments shall be in order for reconsideration immediately and not otherwise j 124 Rule 110 The notice of a motion to reconsider SbaU not be shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed withdrawn within which it might originally have been made Rule 111 No matter shall be reconsidered more hen there than once eration Rule 112 Motions for reconsideration shall be in Sjgjgj n order immediately after the order of unanimous con order sent on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be considered on the succeeding da shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action Rule 113 The action of the House upon an Amend amendment may be reconsidered at any time before re final action upon the section bill or resolution to considered which it relates Rule 114 All bills reconsidered shall take their piace on place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in calendar order for a third reading COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE HOUSE Rule 115 The Speaker may resolve the House men or into a Committee of the Whole without a motion dered by being made therefor whenever a bill or resolution shall be in order for consideration on its third reading before the House which is required by the rules see Rule 44 of this House to be considered in the Committee of the Whole Rule 116 The House may resolve itself into a Qr Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a Hswj quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose 125 How formed Proceedings Rule in committee Debate how closed Time of how extended Rule H7 In forming a Committee of the Whole House the Speaker shall leave the chair and a Chairman to preside in committee shall be appointed by the Speaker Rule 118 In the Committee of the Whole bills shall be first read throughout by the Clerk and then again he read or debated by clauses or sections leaving the preamble to be last considered unless otherwise ordered Rule 119 The Rules of the House shall be observed by the Committee of the Whole so far as they may be applicable except that it can not refer a matter to any other committee it can not adjourn the previous question can not be enforced a motion to lay on the table or indefinitely postpone shall not be in order a member may speak as often as he may obtain the floor no call of the House shall be in order nor shall any vote be taken by yeas and nays Rule 120 If at any time in the Committee of the Whole it shall be desired to close the debate or to limit the time to be allowed members for speaking the committee may rise and report its desire to the House and the House shall take such action thereon as it may see fit by a resolution agreed for that purpose said resolution shall apply only to the subjectmatter before said committee and when said resolution has been agreed to or refused by the House the action of the House shall be deemed the sense of the committee and the House may then on motion again resolve itself into Committee of the Whole and continue the consideration of the subject Rule 121 In the event that a Committee of the Whole House at any sitting shall for want of time fail to complete any matter under consideration it 126 may on motion at any time in thecommittee made rise report progress and have leave to sit again generally or at a day certain Rule 122 A motion that the committee rise and Motion to report progress and ask leave to sit again can be rise etc made at any time when the mover thereof can legitimately obtain the floor and shall take precedence over all other motions and shall be decided without debate and when it prevails the committee shall immediately rise and when the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the committee shall automatically rise and the Speaker shallassume the Chair Rule 123 A motion to reconsider shall be in order Reconsidin Committee of the Whole Rule 124 The Committee of the Whole shall not Duty of proceed with the business before it whenever a vote uh0erls on any question shall disclose the fact that no quo present rum of the House is present Whenever it is suggested that a quorum is not present the Chairman of the committee shall satisfy himself of the fact by actual count of the committee and report the same to the committee and the Chairman shall on his own motion order that the committee immediately rise and he shall report the fact of the absence of a quorum to the House Rule 125 The Speaker may in Committee of the members Whole take part in the proceedings and he as well shaiivo as all other members shall vote on all questions be cused fore the committee unless excused therefrom and no pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed in the Committee of the Whole 127 Amend ments Rule 126 Amendments proposed by the Committee of the Whole may be amended or rejected by the House and matters stricken out by the committee may be restored by the House Disorderly conduct reported Rule 127 A Committee of the Whole House can not punish disorderly conduct of its members but must report the same to the House for action thereon Chairman may order galleries cleared Rule 128 The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole shall have power to have the galleries or lobbies cleared in case of any disorderly conduct therein Proceedings of when business before it is finished Rule 129 When the Committee of the Whole have disposed of the bill resolutions or other measures before it by motion and question it shall rise and the Chairman will be instructed to report the action of the Committee to the House At this point the Speaker will resume his seat and the Chairman will return to the floor and will state in substance as follows Mr Speaker the Committee of the Whole House have had under consideration naming what and have instructed me as their Chairman to report the same back to the House with the recommendation that the same do pass or do pass as amended or do not pass as the case may be The Speaker will receive this report and repeat the same and the matter will then be before the House for action just as though reported by any other committee Record Rule 130 The proceedings of the Committee of the Whole shall not be recorded in the Journal of the House except so far as reported to the House by the Chairman of said committee 328 Rule 131 When in the Committee of the Whole any papers in the possession of the House may be called for by any member and read by the Clerk for the information of the committee unless the committee shall otherwise order Rule 132 Amendments offered to an amendment in the Committee of the Whole shall not be reported to the House but the report shall contain only the result of the committees action on the bill resolution or measure under consideration before it ABSENTEES Rule 133 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the House shall not be dispensed with except by a threefourths vote of the members present Rule 134 Upon the call of all the members ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Clerk and shall appear upon the Journal And it shall be the duty of the Clerk to keep a separate list of the absentees from each days proceedings which list shall be entered upon the Journal and shall show which of said absentees are absent without leave and of those absent with leave which are absent for providential causes and which for business reasons which said separate list shall be read in the House with the Journal upon which the same is entered The Clerk shall also keep in a book accessible to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave the names of all such absentees noting such as are absent without leave and the members so absent without leave unless excused by the House shall not be entitled to draw pay for tbe time they are so absent Papers may be called for Report shall contain result of committees action Morning rollcall dispensed with by threefourths vote Names of absentees noted T29 Duty of Auditing Committee Excuse of members Power to compel attendance Sergeant atarms Call how ordered Subsequent Proceed ings It shall be the duty of the Committee on Auditing to inquire into the matter before passing upon any members account Excuses of members absent without leave shall be submitted to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absebt without Leave and the recommendation of some member of said committee shall be necessary to have said excuse allowed by the House COMPELLING ATTENDANCE Rule 135 The power to compel the attendance of members in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the Speaker and to this end he may have the doors of the House closed When the doors are so closed no member shall be allowed to retire from the House without first obtaining leave from the House The Messenger of the House shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the House and in order of the Speaker may arrest any absentees and bring them before the House when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid CALL OF THE HOUSE Rule 136 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present or when the Speaker shall officially state the fact to the House it shall be in order for any member to make a motion for a call of the House and when this motion is made the Speaker shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the House prevail and if fifteen of the members present shall vote in the affirmative the Speaker shall order the Clerk to call the roll of members and the absentees shall be noted the doors 130 shall then be closedafter which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the members present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by the officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the House shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged CONSTITUTIONAL RULES Rule 137 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel SBiSl the presence of its absent members as each House may provide Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4 Rule 138 Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or Sobers affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5 Rule 139 N o bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the mem Majority bers elected to each House of the General Assembly pass binto and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14 131 Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members present Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays Reading of bills Revenue bills One subject matter etc Rule 140 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6 Rule 141 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12 Rule 142 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21 Rule 143 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasiou or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only The third reading of local bills must be full and complete Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7 Rule 144 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10 Rule 145 No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subjectmatter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8 132 Rule 146 No law or section of the Code shall be t i i An amend amended or repealed by mere reference to its title Pent to K i laws and or to the number of the section of the Code but the sections of t a Code amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17 Rule 147 Laws of a general nature shall have Gener uniform operation throughout the State and no vdhow special law shall be enacted in any case for which provisions have been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under Shen6rland legal disability to contract is capable of such con quired sent Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1 Rule 148 The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such power shall be exercised by the courts Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18 Rule 149 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon for recogf f fcited recognizances from the payment thereof nizanceeither before or after judgment thereon unless the Corpora tions Power delegated to courts 133 What the general appropriation bill shall contain Other appropriations by separate bills Adjourn ments Elections Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote principal in therecognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer Art 3 Sec 7 Par 19 Rule 150 The General Appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public debt and interest thereon and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9 Rule 151 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them Art 3 See 7 Par 24 Rule 152 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result Art 3 See 10 Par 1 Rule 153 No bill or ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or 134 any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13 Rule 154 The General Assembly meets annually gession on the fourth Wednesday in June and the House to i sj 1 fifty days and Senate are called to order at 10 oclock a m The Annual Sessions are limited to fifty days Art 3 Sec 4 Par 6 Rule 155 Each House shall be the judge of the BIections election returns and qualifications of its members coKct1 and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be ex byPtwon pelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House thirds voteto which he belongs Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1 Rule 156 No provision of this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General As Governor sembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for Spired the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly Art 2 Sec 7 Par 23 Rule 157 The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the Governors same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his dissent arid if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment 135 Effect of twothirds vote thereon When Governor must approve Effect of twothirds vote Twothirds vote required wothirds vote required on amendments to Constitution shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the sam bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16 Rule 158 Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House Art 5 Sec 1 Par 17 Rule 159 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4 Rule 160 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the 3 3G people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1 Rule 161 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2 Rule 162 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries not to exceed four thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts shall have salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect those now in office The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers Twothirds vote required to call a convention How called Salaries of Judges May be changed by a twothirds vote 1ST Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be submitted before passage of same Messages Messages when received and considered Petitions but no such changes shall affect the officers then in commission Art 6 Sec 13 Pars 1 and 2 Rule 163 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16 MISCELLANEOUS RULES Rule 164 When a message shall be sent to the House of Representatives it shall be announced at the door of the House by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the chair by the person through whom it may be sent Rule 165 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce is being taken A message shall be presented to the House by the Speaker when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business in which the House is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the House Rule 166 It shall be the order of the day every Wednesday to take up and decide on reports of Committees on Petitions and all petitions shall be numbered as they are received and taken up and dis 138 posed of in the order they were received unless otherwise ordered by a majority of a quorum Rule 167 After a motion is stated by the Speaker or read by the Clerk itshall be deemed to be in the possession of the House but may be withdrawn at any time before the decision by consent of the House Rule 168 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the petitioner memorialist of remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading Rule 169 The several standing committees of the House shall have leave to report by bill or otherwise The report of the Committee on Rules is in order at any time when the House is not actually engaged in other business Rule 170 The Clerk of the House shall take an oath for the true and faithful discharge of the duties of his office to the best of his knowledge and abilities and shall be deemed to continue in office until another be elected Rule 171 The Clerk shall take special care of the books provided for the use of the House Rule 172 The Committee on Enrollment shall 0 carefully compare enrolled bills and resolutions and correcting any errors that may be discovered in the enrolled bills or other papers make their report forthwith to their respective Houses Rule 173 Any motion not privileged containing new matter shall lie at least one day on the table Motions Petitions memorials etc Committees Clerk Clerk Duties of Committee on Enrollment Motions not privileged 139 Record Not necessary to second motion Committees how and when enlarged Privileges of the floor Duty of Committee on Journals Rule 174 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Clerk shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting Rule 175 When a motion is made by any member it shall not be neeesary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the House Rule 176 After the announcement of the standing committees no other members shall be placed thereon except when members have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the Speaker may assign said members to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships Rule 177 Noperson shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the House except the members and officers thereof the officers and members of the Senate the Governor of the State and the heads f the officers of the Executive Department Members of Congress from Georgia State House officers and members of the press actively reporting Legislative proceedings exGovernors Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral in actual commission expresiding officers of the House and Senate Judges and DistrictAttorneys of the United States Courts and such others as the House may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on the Privileges of the Floor Rule 178 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the House that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Clerk 140 Rule 179 No member shall take any books or Menbers to papers from the possession of the House or Clerk clerk or without first acquainting the Clerk and giving him a papersand receipt to return the same in a reasonable time or on his demand Rule 180 The House shall convene at 10 am Sun ment days excepted unless otherwise ordered by the House luting The hour of adjournment to be fixed by a majority of said House on motion without debate Rule 181 A motion for the call of the yeas and Jreatsionfdor nays shall be decided without debate debatable Rule 182 All Acts and joint resolutions shall gignature be signed by the Speaker and Clerk and all writs adsgrkf warrants and subpoenas issued by order of the House shall be signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk Rule 183 It shall be the duty of the Messenger Duty o to attend to the wants of the House while in ses Messenger sion to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the Speaker to execute the demands of the House from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the Speaker Rule 184 The Messenger under the direction of Messeners the Clerk shall superintend the distribution by the frljtgdis Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed documents to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them Rule 185 No Committee of the Whole or other Interlineacommittee shall deface or interline a bill resolu bidden tion or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendment recommended on a 141 Pairing Committee on conference Amend ments Majority and minor ity reports What motions lie on table Changing votes separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendment relates Rule 186 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting Rule 187 Whenever any member moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the Speaker shall appoint a committee on the part of the House ar d in such case the committee shall consist of only such members as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the House and if by inadvertence any member be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the House and be excused by the Speaker Rule 188 After commitment of a bill and report tiiereof to the House it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the House but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment Rule 189 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent Rule 190 Every motion for information from the Executive Department shall lie on the table one day Rule 191 On the call of the yeas and nays the Clerk shall read the names of the members after they have been called and no member shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that 142 time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question Rule 192 Questions of privilege shall he first Questions those affecting the rights of the House collectively lege its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceed Proviso ings second the fights reputation and conduct of members individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other questions except a motion to adjourn Provided that when any matter is before the House no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question shall be disposed of Rule 193 In all elections a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice Rule 194 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing Rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies Rule 195 The Auditing Committee shall before auditing the account of any member for expenses of a committeeman or any account prescribed by a member for any expense incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of this House require of such an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item of said account 143 ORDER OF BUSINESS Rule 196 The following shall be the order of business 1 Prayer by the Chaplain 2 Call of the Roll 3 Report of the committee on the Journal 4 Reading of the Journal 5 Confirmation of the Journal 6 Unanimous consents 7 Motions to reconsider 8 Reports of standing committees 9 House bills favorably reported for a second reading 10 Unfinished business of previous session 11 Orders of the day 12 On Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call of the counties for the introduction of new matter Oil Mondays and Wednesdays third reading of Senate bills and resolutions 13 House bills and resolutions for third reading and House bills and resolutions with Senate amendments 14 On Tuesdays House bills on the calendar adversely reported for a second reading 15 On Mondays and Fridays immediately after the call of the counties Senate bills for first and second reading shall be in order 16 On Wednesdays immediately niter the call of the counties all petitions and reports of committees on petitions shall be in order 17 Bills of Senate for third reading 18 Senate resolutions 19 Reports of committees on enrollment may be made at any time 144 20 After the regular order of business for each day shall have been exhausted House Bills for first and second reading and Senate Bills for first and second reading respectively shall he in order Unless otherwise ordered by the House no general bills or resolutions shall be in order for a third reading or for reconsideration at Saturdays sessions Gnrai bills or resolutions otherwise in order for reconsideration on Saturday shall stand over until the following Monday Rule 197 No Committee of the House shall consist of more than eighteen members This rule however shall not apply to the following committees Amendments to Constitution Appropriations General Agriculture No 1 General Agriculture No 2 General Judiciary No 1 General Judiciary No 2 Ways and Means Penitentiary 145 COMMITTEES Rule 198 The Speaker shall appoint the following committees Academy for the Blind Amendments to the Constitution Appropriations Auditing Banks and Banking Conservation Corporations Counties and County Matters Drainage Education Engrossing Enrollment Excuse of Members Absent without Leave Game and Fish General Agriculture No 1 General Agriculture No 2 General Judiciary No 1 for the consideration of general bills General Judiciary No 2 for the consideration of general bills Georgia School for the Deaf Georgia State Sanitarium Hall and Rooms Hygiene and Sanitation Insurance Invalid Pensions and Soldiers Home Journals Labor and Labor Statistics Manufactures Military Affairs Mines and Mining Municipal Government U6 Penitentiary Pensions Privilges and Elections Privileges of the Ploor Public Highways Public Library Public Printing Public Property Railroads Reformatories Rules of which the Speaker shall be exofficio Chairman Sanitarium at Alto Special Judiciary for consideration of special and local bills State of Republic Temperance University of Georgia and its Branches Ways and Means Western and Atlantic Railroad for the consideration of all matters pertaining to the Western and Atlantic Railroad The Chairman and Chairman pro tern of he Committee on Appropriations shall be exoTicio members of the Committee on Ways and Means and the Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Ways and Means shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropraitions Rule 199 Whenever any bill or resolution has been referred to a Committee and the same has been held in the custody or control of such committee for ten days without reporting on same the author of such bill or any member of the House shall have the right immediately after the confirmation of the Journal to give notice that on the next regular meeting of the 147 House he will submit a motion instructing such committee to report such bill back to the House after which on the next regular meeting day of the House any member of the House immediately after the confirmation of the Journal may move to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House and if the motion prevails it shall be the duty of such committee to report such bill or resolution accordingly with or without recommendation as the case may be at the next regular session and upon failure of said Committee to report such bill accordingly the same shall automatically be returned to the House for consideration Debate on said motion to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House shall be limited to twenty minutes unless otherwise ordered by the House and when such bill or resolution is so reported or returned to the House it may be referred or committed as other bills or resolutions Eule 200 In drawing for seats all members except those who have been permitted by the House to select seats without drawing shall retire to the rear of the Hall The names of all Counties printed on separate slips of paper shall be deposited in a box and the box placed on the Clerks desk The names of the Counties shall be drawn separately from the box and announced by the Clerk from his desk When the name of a County is announced the member or members from that County shall come forward to the Clerks desk and secure a desk card with name and Cunty printed thereon and then proceed to select his seat All desks shall be arranged in their proper position on th floor of the House and no desk shall be moved or changed 148 CONSTITUTION of the STATE OF GEORGIA BILL OF RIGHTS PREAMBLE To perpetuate the principles of free government insure justice to all preserve peace promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty we the people of Georgia relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God do ordain and establish this Constitution ARTICLE I Section I Paragraph I All government of right originates with the people is founded upon their will only and is instituted solely for the good of the whole Public officers are the trustees and servants of the people and at all times amenable To them Par II Protection to person and property is the paramount duty of government and shall be impartial and complete Par III No person shall be deprived of lifeliberty or property except by due process of law Par IV No person shall be deprived of the right to prosecute or defend his own cause in any of the Courts of this State in person by attorney or both Par V Every person charged with an offense against the laws of this State shall have the privilege and benefit of counsel shall be furnished on demand with a copy of the accusation and a list of the witnesses on whose testimony the charge against him is founded shall have compulsory process to obtain the testimony of his own witnesses shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him and shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury 149 Par VI No person shall be compelled to give testimony tending in any way to criminate himself Par VII Neither banishment beyond the limits of the State nor whipping as a punishment for crime shall be allowed Par VIII No person shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty more than once for the same offense save on his or her own motion for a new trial after conviction or in case of mistrial Par IX Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposednor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted nor shall any person be abused in being arrested while under arrest or in prison Par X No person shall be compelled to pay costs except after conviction on final trial Par XI The writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended Par XII All men have the natural and inalienable right to worship God each according to the dictates of his own conscience and no human authority should in any case control or interfere with such right of conscience Par XIII No inhabitant of this State shall be molested in person or property or prohibited from holding any public office or trusty on account of his religious opinions but the right of liberty of conscience shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness or justify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of the State Par XIV No money shall ever be taken from the public treasury directly or indirectly in aid of any church sect or denomination of religionists or of any sectarian institution Par XV No law shall ever be passed to curtail or restrain the liberty of speech or of the press any person may speak write and publish his sentiments on all subjects being responsible for the abuse of that liberty Par XVT The right of the people to be secure in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrant shall issue except upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation particularly describing the place or places to be searched and the person or things to be seized Par XVTI There shall be within the State of Georgia neither slavery nor involuntary servitude save as a punishment for crime after legal conviction thereof Par XVTII The social status of the citizen shall never be the subject of legislation Par XIX The civil authority shall be superior to the military and no soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house with 150 out the consent of the owner nor in time of war except by the civil magistrate in such manner as may be provided by law Par yy The power of the Courts to punish for contempts shall be limited by legislative acts Par XXI There shall be no imprisonment for debt Par XXII The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed but the General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the manner in which arms may be borne Par XXIII The legislative judicial and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others except as herein provided Par XXIY The people have the right to assemble peaceably for their common good and to apply to those vested with the powers of government for redress of grievances by petition or remonstrance Par XXY All citizens of the United States resident in this State are hereby declared citizens of this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to enact such laws as will protect them in the full enjoyment of the rights privileges and immunities due to such citizenship Section II Paragraph I In all prosecutions or indictments for libel the truth may be given in evidence and the jury ii all criminal eases shall be the judges of the law and the facts The power of the Judges to grant new trials in case of conviction is preserved Par II Treason against the State of Georgia shall consist in levying war against her adhering to her enemies giving them aid and comfort No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or confession in open Court Par III No conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate Par IV All lotteries and the sale of lottery tickets are hereby prohibited and this prohibition shall be enforced by penal laws Par Y Lobbying is declared to be a crime and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties Par YI The General Assembly shall have the power to provide for the punishment of fraud and shall provide by law for reaching property of the debtor concealed from the creditor 151 Section III Paragraph I In cases of necessity private ways may be granted upon just compensation being first paid by the applicant Private property shall not be taken or damaged for public purposes without just and adequate compensation being first paid Par II No bill of attainder ex post facto law retroactive law or law impairing the obligation of contracts or making irrevocable grants of special privileges of immunities shall be passed Par III No grant of special privileges or immunities shall be revoked except in such manner as to work no injustice to the corporators or creditors of the incorporation Section IY Paragraph I Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the free consent in writing of all persons affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent Par II Legislative Acts in violation of this Constitution or the Constitution of the United States are void and the Judiciary shall so declare them Section V Paragraph I The people of this State have the inherent sole and exclusive right of regulating their internal government and the police thereof and of altering and abolishing their Constitution whenever it may be necessary to their safety and happiness Par II The enumeration of rights herein contained as a part of this Constitution shall not be construed to deny to the people any inherent rights which they may have hitherto enjoyed ARTICLE II Elective Franchise Section I Paragraph I In all elections by the people the electors shall vote by ballot Par II Every male citizen of the United States except as hereinafter provided twentyone years of age who shall have resided in 152 this State one year next preceding the election and shall have resided six months in the county in which he offers to vote and shall have paid all taxes which may hereafter be required of him and whieh he may have had an opportunity of paying agreeable to law except for the year of the election shall be deemed an elector Provided that no soldier sailor or marine in the military or naval service of the United States shall acquire the rights of an elector by reason of being stationed on duty in this State and no person shall vote who if challenged shall refuse to take the following oath or affirmation I do swear or affirm that I am twentyone years of age have resided in this State one year and in this county six months next preceding this election I have paid all taxes which since the adoption of the present Constitution of this State have been required of me previous to this year and which I have had an opportunity to pay and I have not voted at this election Section II Paragraph I The General Assembly may provide from time to time for the registration for all electors but the following classes of persons shall not be permitted to register vote or hold any office or appointment of honor or trust in this State towit 1st Those who shall have been convicted in any Court of competent jurisdiction of treason against the State of embezzlement of public funds malfeasance in office bribery or larceny or of any crime involving moral turpitude punishable by the laws of this State with imprisonment in this penitentiary unless such person shall have been pardoned 2d Idiots and insane persons Section III Paragraph jf Electors shall in all cases except for treason felony larceny and breach of the peace be privileged from arrest during their attendance on elections and in going to and returning from the same Section IY Paragraph I No person who is the holder of any public money contrary to law shall be eligible to any office in this State until the same is accounted for and paid into the treasury Par II No person who after the adoption of this Constitution being a resident of this State shall have been convicted of fighting a duel in this State or convicted of sending pr accepting a challenge or convicted of aiding or abetting such duel shall hold office in this 153 State unless he shall have been pardoned and every such person shall also be subject to such punishment as may be prescribed by law Section V Paragraph I The General Assembly shall by law forbid the sale distribution or furnishing of intoxicating drinks within two miles of election precincts on days of electionState county or municipal and prescribe punishment for any violation of the same Section VI Paragraph I Returns of elections for all civil officers elected by the people who are to be commissioned by the Governor and also for the members of the General Assembly shall be made to the Secretary of State unless otherwise provided by law ARTICLE III Legislative Department Section I Paragraph I The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives Section II Paragraph I The Senate shall consist of fortyfour members There shall be fortyfour Senatorial districts as now arranged by counties Each district shall have one Senator The First Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Chatham Bryan and Effingham The Second Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Liberty Tattnall and McIntosh The Third Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wayne Pierce and Appling The Fourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Glynn Camden and Charlton The Fifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Coffee Ware and Clinch The Siith Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Echols Lowndes and Berrien The Seventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Brooks Thomas and Colquitt 154 The Eighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Decatur Mitchell and Miller The Ninth Senatorial District shall be composed of tbe counties of Early Calhoun and Baker The Tenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dougherty Lee and Worth The Eleventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the comities of Clay Randolph and Terrell The Twelfth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Stewart Webster and Quitman The Thirteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Sumter Schley and Macon The Fourteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dooly Wilcox Pulaski and Dodge The Fifteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Montgomery Telfair and Irwin The Sixteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Laurens Emanuel and Johnson The Seventeenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Screven Bulloch and Burke The Eighteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Richmond Glascock and Jefferson The Nineteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Taliaferro Greene and Warren The Twentieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Baldwin Hancock and Washington The Twentyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Twiggs Wilkinson and Jones The Twentysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bibb Monroe and Pike The Twentythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Houston Crawford and Taylor Tbe Twentyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Muscogee Marion and Chattahoochee The Twentyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Harris Upson and Talbot The Twentysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Spalding Butts and Fayette The Twentyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Newton Walton Clarke Oeonee and Rockdale The Twentyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Jasper Putnam and Morgan 155 The Twentyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wilkes Columbia Lincoln and McDuffie The Thirtieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Oglethorpe Madison and Elbert The Thirtyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Hart Habersham and Franklin The Thirtysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of White Dawson and Lumpkin The Thirtythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Hall Banks and Jackson The Thirtyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Gwinnett DeKalb and Henry The Thirtyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clayton Cobb and Fulton The Thirtysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Campbell Coweta Meriwether and Douglas The Thirtyseventh Senatorial district shall be composed of the counties of Carroll Heard and Troup The Thirtyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Haralson Polk and Paulding The Thirtyninth Senatorial District ghall be composed of the counties of Milton Cherokee and Forsyth The Fortieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Union Towns and Rabun The Fortyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Pickens Fannin and Gilmer The Fortysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bartow Floyd and Chattooga The Fortythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Murray Gordon and Whitefield The Fortyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Walker Dade and Catoosa Par III The General Assembly may change these districts after each census of the United States Provided that neither the number of districts nor the number of Senators from each district shall be increased Section III Paragraph I The House of Representatives shall consist of one hundred and seventyfive Representatives apportioned among the several counties as follows towit To the six counties having the largest population viz Chatham Richmond Burke Floyd Bibb and Fulton three Representatives each to the twentysix counties 156 having the next largest population viz Dooly Bartow Coweta Decatur Houston Greene Gwinnett Harris Jefferson Meriwether Monroe Muscogee Pulaski DeKalb Hall Walton Sumter Thomas Troup Washington Hancock Carroll Cobb Jackson Oglethorpe and Wilkes two Representatives each and to the remaining one hundred and five counties one Representative each Par II The above apportionment shall be changed by the General Assembly at its first session after each census taken by the United States Government so as to give the six counties having the largest population three Representatives each and to the twentysix counties having the next largest population two Representatives each Taut in no event shall the aggregate number of Representatives be increased Section IV Paragraph I The members of the General Assembly shall be elected for two years and shall serve until their successors are elected Par II The first election for members of the General Assembly under this Constitution shall take place on the first Wednesday in December 1877 the second election for the same shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and subsequent elections biennially on that day until the day of elections is changed by law Par III The first meeting of the General Assembly after the ratification of this Constitution shall be on the fourth Wednesday in October 1878 and annually thereafter on the same day until the day shall be changed by law But nothing herein contained shall be construed to prevent the Governor from calling an extra session of the General Assembly before the first Wednesday in November 1878 if in his opinion the publie good shall require it Par IV A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide Par V Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat flha11 take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be mostconducive to the interests and prosperity of this State Par VI No session of the General Assembly shall continue longer than fifty days Provided that if any impeachment trial pending at 157 the end of fifty days the session may be prolonged till the completion of said trial Par VII No person holding a military commission or other appointment or office haying any emolument or compensation annexed thereto under this State or the United States or either of them except Justices of the Peace and officers of the militia nor any defaulter for public money or for any legal taxes required of him shall have a seat in either House nor shall any Senator or Bepresentative after his qualification as such be elected by the General Assembly or appointed by the Governor either with or without the advice and consent of the Senate to any office or appointment having any emolument annexed thereto during the time for which he shall have been elected Par VIII The seat of a member of either House shall be vacated on his removal from the district or county from which he was elected Section V Paragraph I The Senators shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyfive years and who shall have been citizens of this State for four years and for one year residents of the district from which elected Par II The presiding officer of the Senate shall be styled the President of the Senate and shall be elected viva voce from the Senators Par III The Senate shall have the sole power to try impeachments Par IV When sitting for that purpose the members shall be on path or affirmation and shall be presided over by the Chief Justice or the presiding Justice of the Supremo Court Should the Chief Justice be disqualified the Senate shall elect the Judge of the Supreme Court to preside No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of twothirds of the members present Par V Judgments in case of impeachment shall not extend farther than removal from office and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor trust of profit within this State but the party shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment trial judgment and punishment according to law Section VI Paragraph I The Bepresentarives shali be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyone years and who shall have been citizens of this State for two years and for one year residents of the counties from which elected SSI Par II The presiding officer of the House of Representatives shall be styled the Speaker of the House of Representatives and shall be elected viva voce from the body Par lit The House of Representatives shall have the sole power to impeach all persons who shall have been or may be in office Section VII Paragraph I Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs Par XL Each House may punish by imprisonment not extending beyond the session any person not a member who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly behavior in its presence or who shall rescue or attempt to rescue any person arrested by order of either House Par HI The members of both Houses shall be free from arrest during their attendance on the General Assembly and in going thereto or returning therefrom except for treason felony larceny or breach of the peace and no member shall be liable to answer in any other place for anything spoken in debate in either house Par IV Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings and publish it immediately after its adjournment Par V The original journal shall be preserved afte rpublication in the office of Secretary of State but there shall be no other record thereof Par VI The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the journal Par VII Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in case of actual invasion or insurrection But the first and second reading of each local bill and bank and railroad charters in each House shall cofisist of the reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed Par VIII No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subjectmatter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof Par IX The general appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government payment of the public debt and interest thereon and the 159 support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject Par X All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills Par XI No money shall be drawn from the treasury except by appropriation made by law and a regular statement and account of the receipt and expenditure of all public money shall be published every three months and also with the laws passed by each session of the General Assembly Par XII No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded Par XIII All Acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected Par XIV No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly it shall in every instance so appear on the journal Par XV By an Act approved September 24 1885 an amendment to the Constitution was submitted to vote of the people in October 1886 and adopted whereby the original of thisl paragraph was stricken from this Constitution Par XVT No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed bylaw The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed Par XVII No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made Par XVIII The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies nor to make 160 or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the Courts All corporate powers and privileges to banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the Secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law Par XIX The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer Par XX The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passenger railway within the limits of any incorporated town or city without the consent of the corporate authorities Par XXI Whenever theConstitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the journal Par XXII The General Assembly shall have power to make all laws and ordinances consistent with this Constitution and not repugnant to the Constitution of the United States which they shall deem necesasry and proper for the welfare of the State J Par XXIII No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly Par XXIV Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of a disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them Section VTII Paragraph I The officers of the two Houses other than the President and Speaker shall be a Secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the House of Representatives and such assistants as they may appoint but the clerical expenses of the Senate shall not exceed sixty dollars per day for each session nor those of the House of Representatives seventy dollars per day for each session The Secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the House of Representatives shall be re 161 quired to give bond and security for the faithful discharge of their respective duties Section IX Paragraph I The per diem of members of the General Assembly phail not exceed four dollars and mileage shall not exceed ten cents for each mile traveled by the nearest practicable route in going to and returning from the Capital but the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall each receive not exceeding seven dollars per day Section X Paragraph I All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such eases preside and declare the result Section XI Paragraph I All property of the wife at the time of her marriage and all property given to inherited or acquired by her shall remain her separate property and not be liable for the debts of her husband Section XII Paragraph I All life insurance companies now doing business in this State or which may desire to establish agencies and do business in the State of Georgia chartered by other States of the Union or foreign States shall show that they have deposited vyith the ComptrollerGeneral of the State in which they are chartered or of this State the Insurance Commissioner or such other officers as may be authorized to receive it not less than one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by such officer equivalent to cash subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of policyholders Par II When such showing is made to the ComptrollerGeneral of the State of Georgia by a proper certificate from the State official having charge of the funds so deposited the ComptrollerGeneral of the State of Georgia is authorized to issue to the company making such showing a license to do business in the State upon paying the fees required by law Par III All life insurance companies chartered by the State of Georgia or which may hereafter be chartered by the State shall 162 before doing business deposit with the ComptrollerGeneral of the State of Georgia or with some strong corporation which may be approved by said ComptrollerGeneral one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by him equivalent to cash to be subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of the policyholders of the company making such deposit all interests and dividends arising from such securities to be paid when due to the company so depositing Any such securities as may be needed or desired by the company may be taken from said department at any time by replacing them with other securities equally acceptable to the ComptrollerGeneral whose certificate for the same shall be furnished to the company Par IV The General Assembly shall from time to time enact laws to compel all fire insurance companies doing business in this State whether chartered by this State or otherwise to deposit reasonable securities with the Treasurer of this State to secure the people against loss by the operations of said companies Par V The General Assembly shall compel all insurance companies in this State or doing business therein under proper penalties to make semiannual reports to the Governor and print the same at their own expense for the information and protection of the people ARTICLE IV POWER OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OVER TAXATION Section I Paragraph I The right of taxation is a sovereign right inalienable indestructible in the life of the State and rightfully belongs to the people in all Republican governments and neither the General Assembly nor any nor all other departments of the Government established by this Constitution shall ever have the authority to irrevocably give grant limit or restrain this right and all laws grants contracts and all other acts whatsoever by said Government or any department thereof to effect any of these purposes shall be and are hereby declared to be null and void for every purpose whatsoever and said right of taxation shall always be under the complete control of and revocable by the State notwithstanding any gift grant or contract whatsoever by the General Assembly 163 Section IL Paragraph I The power and authority of regulating railroad freights and passenger tariffs preventing unjust discriminations and requiring reasonable and just rates of freight and passenger tariffs are hereby conferred upon the General Assembly whose duty it shall be to pass laws from time to time to regulate freight and passenger tariffs to prohibit unjust discriminations on the various railroads of this State and to prohibit said roads from charging other than just and reasonable rates and enforce the same by adequate penalties Par it The exercise of the right of eminent domain shall never be abridged nor so construed as to prevent the General Assembly from taking the property and franchises of incorporated companies and subjecting them to public use the same as property of individuals and the exercise of the police power of the State shall never be abridged nor so construed as to permit corporations to conduct their business in such a manner as to infringe the equal rights of individuals or the general wellbeing of the State Par III The General Assembly shall not remit the forfeiture of the charter of any corporation now existing nor alter or amend the same nor pass any other general or special law for the benefit of said corporation except upon the condition that said corporation shall thereafter hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution and every amendment of any charter of any corporation in this State or any special law for its benefit accepted thereby shall operate as a novation of said charter and shall bring the same under the provisions of this Constitution Provided That this section shall not extend to any amendment for the purpose of allowing any existing road to take stock in or aid in the building of any branch road Par IV The General Assembly of this State shall have no power to authorize any corporation to buy shares or stock in any other corporation in this State or elsewhere or to make any contract or agreement whatever with any such corporation which may have the effect or be intended to have the effect to defeat or lessen competition in their respective business or to encourage monopoly and all such contracts and agreements shall be illegal and void Par V No railroad company shall give or pay any rebate or bonus in the nature thereof directly or indirectly or to do any act to mislead or deceive the public as to the real rates charged or received for freights or passage and any such payments shall be illegal and void and these prohibitions shall be enforced by suitable penalties 164 Par VI No provision of this article shall be deemed held or taken to impair the obligation of any contract heretofore made by the State of Georgia Par VTI The General Assembly shall enforce the provisions of this article by appropriate legislation ARTICLE V Executive Department Section I Paragraph I The officers of the Executive Department shall consist of a Governor Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer Par II The Executive power shall be vested in a Governor who shall hold his office during the tend of two years and until his successor shall be chosen and qualified H eshall not be eligible to reelection after the expiration of a second term for the period of four years He shall have a salary of three thousand dollars per annum until otherwise provided by law passed by a twothirds vote of both branches of the General Assembly which shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected nor shall he receive within that time any other emolument from the United States or either of them or from any foreign power But this reduction of salary shall not apply to the present term of present Governor Par III The first election for Governor under this Constitution shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and the Governorelect shall be installed in office at the next session of the General Assembly An election shall take place biennially thereafter on said day until another date be fixed by the General Assembly Said election shall be held at the places of holding general elections in the several counties of this State in the manner prescribed for the election of members of the General Assembly and the electors shall be the same Par IV The returns for every election of Governor shall be sealed up by the managers separately from other returns and directed to the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives and transmitted to the Secretary of State who shall without opening said returns cause the same to be laid before the Senate on the day after the two houses shall have been organized and they shall be transmitted by the Senate to the House of Representatives 165 Par Y The members of each branch of the General Assembly shall convene in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives shall open and publish the returns in the presence and under the direction of the General Assembly and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Governor of this State but if no person shall have such majority then from the two persons having the highest number of votes who shall be in life and shall not decline an election at the time appointed by the General Assembly to elect the General Assembly shall immediately elect a Governor viva voce and in all cases of election of a Governor by the General Assembly a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice Par VI Contested elections shall be determined by both Houses of the General Assembly in such manner as shall be prescribed by law Par VII No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor who shall not have been a citizen of the United States fifteen years and a citizen of the State six years and who shall not have attained the age of thirty years Par VIII In case of the death resignation or disability of the Governor the President of the Senate shall exercise the Executive powers of the government until such disability be removed or a successor is elected and qualified And in ease of the death resignation or disability of the President of the Senate the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall exercise the Executive powers of the Government until the removal of the disability or the election and qualification of a Governor Par IX The General Assembly shall have power to provide by law for filling unexpired terms by special elections Par X The Governor shall before he enters on the duties of his office take the following oath or affirmation I do solemnly swear or affirm as the case may be that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and will to the best of my ability preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof and the Constitution of the United States of America Par XI The Governor shall be CommanderinChief of the Army and Navy of this State and of the Militia thereof Par XII He shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons to commute penalties remove disabilities imposed by law and to remit any part of a sentence for offenses against the State after conviction except in case of treason and impeachment subject to such regulations as may be provided by law relative to the manner of applying for pardons Upon conviction for treason he may suspend 166 the execution of the sentence and report the case to the Gneeral Assembly at the next meeting thereof when the General Assembly shall either pardon commute the sentence direct its execution or grant a further reprieve He shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body each case of reprieve pardon or commutation granted stating the name of the convict the offense for which he was convicted the sentence and its date the date of the reprieve pardon or commutation and the reasons for granting the same He shall take care that the laws are faithfully executed and shall be a conservator of the peace throughout the State Par XIII He shall issue writs of election to fill all vacancies that may happen in the Senate or House of Representatives and shall give the General Assembly from time to time information of the State of the commonwealth and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem necessary or expedient He shall have power to convoke the General Assembly on extraordianry occasions but no law shall be enacted at call sessions of the General Assembly except such as shall relate to the object stated in his proclamation convening them Par XIY When any office shall become vacant by death resignation or otherwise the Governor shall have power to fill such vacancy unless otherwise provided by law and persons so appointed shall continue in office until a successor is commissioned agreeably to the mode pointed out in the Constitution or by law in pursuance thereof Par XY A person once rejected by the Senate shall not be reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter Par XYT The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House maypass a law notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill shall not be returned by the Governor within five days Sundays excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House Par XVII Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on aquestion of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repassed by twothirds of each House 167 Par XYIII He may require information in writing from the officers in the Executive Department on any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices It shall be the duty of the Governor quarterly and of toner if he deems it expedient to examine under oath the Treasurer and ComptrollerGeneral of the State on all matters pertaining to their respective offices and to inspect and review their books and accounts The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law for the suspension of either of said officers from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the same Par XIX The Governor shall have power to appoint his own Secretaries not exceeding two in number and to provide such other clerical force as may be required in his office but the total cost for Secretaries and clerical force in his office shall not exceed six thousand dollars per annum Section II Paragraph I The Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer shall be elected by the persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor The provision of the Constitution as to the transmission of the returns of election counting the votes declaring the result deciding when there is no election and when there is contested election applicable to the election of Governor shall apply to the election of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer they shall be commissioned by the Governor and hold their office for the same time as the Governor Par II The salary of the Treasurer shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum The clerical expenses of his department shall not exceed sixteen hundred dollars per annum Par III The salary of the Secretary of State shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the clerical expenses of his department shall not exceed one thousand dollars per annum Par IV The salary of the ComptrollerGeneral shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum The clerical expenses of his department including the Insurance Department arid Wild Land Clerk shal not exceed four thousand dollars per annum and without said clerk it shall not exceed three thousand dollars per annum Par V The Treasurer shall not be allowed directly or indirectly to receive any fee interest or reward from any person bank or corporation for the deposit or use in any manner of the public funds and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties 168 ParVI No person shall be eligible to the office of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral or Treasurer unless he shall have been a citizen of the United States for ten years and shall have resided in this State for six years next preceding his election and shall be twentyfive years of age when elected All of said officers shall give bond and Security under regulations to be prescribed by law for the faithful discharge of their duties Par VII The Secretary of State the ComptrollerGeneral and the Treasurer shall not be allowed any fees perquisite or compensation ether than their salaries as prescribed by law except their necessary expenses when absent from the seat of government on business for the State Section III Paragraph I The Great Seal of the State shall be deposited in the office of the Secretary of State and shall not be affixed to any instrument of writing except by order of the Governor or General Assembly and that now in use shall be the Great Seal of the State until otherwise provided by law ARTICLE VI Judiciary Section I Paragraph I The judicial powers of this State shall be vested in a Supreme Court Superior Courts Courts of Ordinary Justice of the Peace commissioned Notaries Public and other Courts as have been or may be established by law Section II Paragraph I The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and two Associate Justices A majority of the Court shall constitute a quorum Par II When one or more of the Judges are disqualified from deciding any case by interest or otherwise the Governor shall designnate a Judge or Judges of the Superior Courts to preside in said case Par III No Judge of any Court shall preside in any case where the validity of any bondFederal State corporation or municipal is involved who holds in his own right or as the representative of 169 others any material interests in the class of bonds upon which the question to be decided arises Par IY The Chief Justice and Associate Justices shall hold their office for six years and until their successors are qualified A successor to the incumbent whose term will soonest expire shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1880 a successor to the incumbent whose term of office is next in duration shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1882 and a successor to the third incumbent shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1884 but appointments to fill vacancies shall only be for the unexpired term or until such vacancies are filled by elections agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution Par Y The Supreme Court shall have no original jurisdiction but shall be a Court alone for the trial and correction of errors from the Superior Courts and from the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like Courts as may be hereafter established in other cities and shall sit at the seat of government at such time in each year as shall be prescribed by law for the trial and determination of writs of error from said Superior and City Courts Par YI The Supreme Court shall dispose of every case at the first or second term after such writ of error is brought and in case the plaintiff in error shall not be prepared at the first term to prosecute the caseunless prevented by Providential causeit shall be stricken from the docket and the judgment below shall stand affirmed Par VII In any case the Court may in its discretion withhold its judgment until the next term after the same is argued Par VIII The Supreme Court shall hereafter consist of a chief justice and five associate justices The court shall have power to hear and determine cases when sitting either in a body or in two divisions of three judges each under such regulations as may he prescribed by the General Assembly A majority of either division shall constitute a quorum for that division The chief justice and the associate justices of the Supreme Court shall hereafter be elected by the people at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor and the State house officers are elected except that the first election under this amendment shall be held on the third Wednesday in December 1896 at which time one associate justice shall be elected for a full term of six years to fill the vacancy occurring on January 1st 1897 by the expiration of the term of one of the present incumbents and three additional associate justices shall be elected for terms expiring respectively January 1st 1899 January 1st 1901 and January 1st 1903 The persons elected as additional associate justices shall among 170 themselves determine by lot which of the three last mentioned terms each shall have and they shall be commissioned accordingly After said first election all terms except unexpired terms shall be for six years each In case of any vacancy which causes an unexpired term the same shall be filled by executive appointment and the person appointed by the Governor shall hold his of ice until the next regular election and until his successor for the balance of the unexpired term shall have been elected and qualified The returns of said special election shall be made to the Secretary of State Act approved December 16 1895 Section III Paragraph I There shall be a judge of the Superior Court for each judicial Circuit whose term of office shall be four years and until his successor is qualified He may act in other circuits when authorized by law Par II The successors to the present incumbents shall be elected by the General Assembly as follows To the half as near as may be whose commisions are the oldest in the year 1878 and to the others in the year T880 All subsequent elections shall be at the session of the General Assembly next preceding the expiration of the terms of incumbents except elections to fill vacancies The day of election may be fixed by the General Assembly Par III The terms of the Judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their elections But if the time for the meeting of the General Assembly shall be changed the General Assembly may change the time when the terms of Judges thereafter elected shall begin Section IY Paragraph I The Superior Courts shall have exclusive jurisdiction in cases of divorce in criminal cases where the offender is subjected to loss of life or confinement in the penitentiary in cases respecting titles to land and equity cases Par II The General Assembly may confer upon the courts of common law all the powers heretofore exercised by courts of equity in this State Par III Said courts shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases except as hereinafter provided Par IY They shall have appellate jurisdiction in all such cases as may be provided by law Par Y They shall have power to correct errors in inferior judicatories by writ of certiorari which shall only issue on the sanction m of the Judge and said Courts and the Judge thereof shall have power to issue writs of mandamus prohibition scire facias and all other writs that may be necessary for carrying their powers fully into effect and shall have such other powers as are or may be conferred on them by law Par VI The General Assembly may provide for an appeal from one jury in the Superior Courts and City to another and the said Court may grant new trials on legal grounds Par VII The Court shall render judgment without the verdict of a jury in all civil cases founded on unconditional contracts in writing where an issuable defense is not filed under oath or affirmation Par VIII The Superior Courts shall sit in each eonnty not less than twice in each year at such times as have been or may be appointed by law Par IX The General Assembly may provide by law for the appointment of some proper person to preside in cases where the presiding Judge is from any cause disqualified Section V Paragraph I In any county within which there is or hereafter may be a City Court the Judge of said Court and of the Superior Court may preside in the Courts of each other in cases where the Judge of either Court is disqualified to preside Section VI Paragraph I The powers of a Court of Ordinary and of Probate shall be vested in an Ordinary for each county from whose decision there may be an appeal or by consent of parties without a decision to the Superior Court under regulations prescribed by law Par II The Courts of Ordinary shall have such powers in relation to roads bridges ferries public buildings paupers county officers county funds county taxes and other county matters as may be conferred on them by law Par III The Ordinary shall hold his office for the term of four years and until his successor is elected and qualified Section VII Paragraph I There shall be in each militia district one Justice of the Peace whose official term except when elected to fill an unexpired term shall be four years Par II Justices of the Peace shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases arising ex contractu and in eases of injury or damage to per 172 soxial property when the principal sum does not exceed one hundred dollars and shall sit monthly at fixed times and places but in all cases there may be an appeal to a jury in said court or an appeal to the Superior Court under such regulations as may be prescribed by law Par HI Justices of the Peace shall be elected by the legal voters in their respective districts and shall be eommissioned by the Governor They shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office Section VIII Paragraph I Commissioned Notaries Public not to exceed one for each militia district may be appointed by the Judge of the Superior Courts in their respective circuits upon recommendation of the grand juries of the several counties They shall be commissioned by the Governor for the term of four years and shall be exofficio Justices of the Peace and shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office Section IX Paragraph I The jurisdiction powers proceedings and practice of all courts or officers invested with judicial powers except city courts of the same grade or class so far as regulated by law and the force and effect of the process judgment and decree by such courts severally shall be uniform This uniformity must be established by the General Assembly Section X Paragraph I There shall be an AttorneyGeneral of the State who shall be elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor Par II It shall be the duty of the AttorneyGeneral to represent the legal adviser of the Executive Department to represent the State in the Supreme Court in all capital felonies and in all civil and criminal cases in any Qourt when required by the Governor and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law Section XI Paragraph I There shall be a SolicitorGeneral for each judicial circuit whose official term except when eommissioned to fill an unexpired term shall be four years Par II It shall be the duty of the SolicitorGeneral to represent the State in all cases in the Superior Courts of his circuit and in all 173 cases taken up from his circuit to the Supreme Court and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law Section XII Paragraph I The Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral shall be elected by the General Assembly in joint session on such day or days as shall be fixed by joint resolution of both Houses At the session of the General Assembly which is held next before the expiration of the terms of the present incumbents as provided in this Constitution their successors shall be chosen and the same shall apply to the election of those who shall succeed them Vacancies occasioned by death resignation or other cause shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the General Assembly shall convene when an election shall be held to fill the unexpired portion of the vacant terms Section XIII Paragraph I 5 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the Treasury of the State salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts shall have salaries not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect the salaries of those now in office Par II The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such change shall affect the officers then in commission Section XIV Paragraph I No person shall be Judge of the Supreme or Superior Courts or AttorneyGeneral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained the age of thirty years and shall have been a citizen of the State three years and have practiced law for seven years and no person shall be hereafter elected SolicitorGeneral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained twentyfive years of age shall have been a citizen of the State for three years and shall have practiced law for three years next preceding his election 174 Section XV Paragraph I No total divorce shall he granted except on the concurrent verdicts of two juries at different terms of the Court Par II When a divorce is granted the jury rendering the final verdict shall determine the rights and disabilities of the parties Section XVI Paragraph I Divorce cases shall be brought in the county where the defendant resides if a resident of this State if the defendant be not a resident of this State then in the county in which the plaintiff resides Par II Cases respecting titles to land shall be tried in the county where the land lies except where a single tract is divided by a county line in which case the Superior Court of either county shall have jurisdiction Par III Equity cases shall be tried in the county where a defendant resided against whom substantial relief is prayed Par IV Suits against joint obligors joint promissors copartners or joint trespassers residing in different counties may be tried in either county Par V Suits against the maker and indorser of promissory notes or drawer acceptor and endorser of foreign or inland bills of exchange or like instruments residing in different counties shall be brought in the county where the maker or acceptor resides Par VI All other civil cases shall be tried in the county where the defendant resides and all criminal cases shall be tried in the county where the crime was committed except cases in the Superior Courts where the Judge is satisfied that an impartial jury cannot be obtained in such county Section XVII Paragraph I The power to change the venue in civil and criminal cases shall be vested in the Superior Courts to be exercised in such manner as has been or shall be provided by law Section XVIII Paragraph I The right of trial by jury except where it is otherwise provided in this Constitution shall remain inviolate but the General Assembly may prescribe any number not less than five to constitute a trial or traverse jury in courts other than the Superior and City Courts Par II The General Assembly shall provide by law for the selection of the most experienced intelligent and upright men to serve 175 as grand jurors and intelligent and upright men to serve as traverse jurors Nevertheless the grand jurors shall be competent to serve as traverse jurors Par III It shall be the duty of the General Assembly by general laws to prescribe the manner of fixing compensation of jurors in all counties in this State Section XIX Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have power to provide for the creation of County Commissioners in such counties as may require them and to define their duties Section XX Paragraph I All courts not specially mentioned by name in the first section of this article may be abolished in any county at the discretion of the General Assembly Section XXI Paragraph I The costs in the Supreme Court shall not exceed ten dollars unless otherwise provided by law Plaintiffs in error shall not be required to pay costs in said court when the usual pauper oath is filled in the court below ARTICLE VII Finance Taxation and Public Debt Section I Paragraph I The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be exercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only For the support of the State Government and the public institutions For educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only To pay the interest on the public debt To pay the principal of the public debt To suppress insurrection to repel invasion and defend the State in time of war To supply the soldiers who lost a limb or limbs in the military service of the Confederate States with substantial artificial limbs during life and make suitable provisions for such Confederate soldiers 176 as may have been otherwise disabled or permanently injured in smh Service or who may by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty be unable to provide a living for themselves and for the widows of such Confederate soldiers as may have died in the service of the Confederate States or since from wounds received therein or disease contracted in the service or who by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselves Provided that the Act shall only apply to such widows as were married at the time of such service and have remained unmarried since the death of such soldier husband Section II Paragraph I All taxation shall be uniform upon the same class of subjects and ad valorem on all property subject to be taxed wUhin the territorial limits of the authority levying the tax and shall be levied and collected under general laws The General Assembly may however impose a tax on such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive of other property Par II The General Assembly may by law exempt from taxation all public property places of religious worship or burial all institutions of purely public charity all buildings erected for and used as a college incorporated academy or other seminary of learning the real and personal estate of any public library and that of auy other literary association used by or connected with such library all books and philosophical apparatus and all paintings and statuary of any company or association kept in a public hall and not held as merchandise or for purpose of sale or gain Provided the property so exempted be not used for purpose of private or corporate profit or income Par III No poll tax shall be levied except for educational purposes and such tax shall not exceed one dollar annually upon each poll Par IV All laws exempting property from taxation other than the property herein enumerated shall be void Par V The power to tax corporations and corporate property shall not be surrendered or suspended by any contract or grant to which the State shall be a party Section III Paragraph I No debt shall be contracted by or on behalf of the State except to supply casual deficiencies of revenue to repel invasion suppress insurrection and defend the State in time of war or 177 to pay the existing public debt but the debt created to supply deficiencies in revenue shall not exceed in the aggregate two hundred thousand dollars Section IY Paragraph I All laws authorizing the borrowing of money by or on behalf of the State shall specify the purposes for which the money is to be used and the money so obtained shall be used for the purposes specified and for no other Section Y Paragraph I The credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned to any individual company corporation or association and the State shall not become a joint owner or stockholder in any company association or corporation Section YT Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not authorize any county municipal corporation or political division of this State to become a stockholder in any company corporation or association or to appropriate money for or to loan its credit to any corporation company association institution or individual except for purely charitable purposes This restriction shall not operate to prevent the support of schools by municipal corporations within their respective limits Provided that if any municipal corporation shall offer to the State any property for locating or building a capitol and the State accepts such offer the corporation may comply with such offer Par II The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose except for educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only to build and repair the public buildings and bridges to maintain and support prisoners to pay jurors and coroners and for litigation quarantine roads and expenses of courts to support paupers an dpay debts heretofore existing Section YTI Paragraph I The debt hereafter incurred by any county municipal corporation or political division of this State except as in this Constitution provided for shall never exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein and no such county municipality or division shall incur any new debt except for a temporary loan or loans to supply casual deficiencies of revenue not to exceed onefifth of one per centum of the assessed value 178 of taxable property therein without the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters thereof at an election for that purpose to be held as may be prescribed by law but any city the debt of which does not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property at the time of the adoption of this Constitution may be authorized by law to increase at any time the amoun to fsaid debt three per centum upon such assessed valuation Par II Any county municipal corporation or political division of this State which shall incur any bonded indebtedness under the provisions of this Constitution shall at or before the time of so doing provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of said debt within thirty years from the date of the incurring of said indebtedness Section VIII Paragraph I The State shall not assume the debt nor any part thereof of any county municipal corporation or political division of the State unless such debt shall be contracted to enable the State to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend itself in time of war Section IX Paragraph I The receiving directly or indirectly by any officer of the State or county or member or officer of the General Assembly of any interests profits or perquisites arising from the use or loaii of public funds in his hands or moneys to be raised through his agency for State or county purposes shall be deemed a felony and punishable as may be prescribed by law a part of which punishment shall be a disqualification from holding office Section X Paragraph I Municipal corporations shall not incur any debt until provision therefor shall have been made by the municipal government Section XI Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have no authority to appropriate money either directly or indirectly to pay the whole or any part of the principal or interest of the bonds or other obligations which have been pronounced illegal null and void by the General Assembly and the constitutional amendments ratified by a vote of the people on the first day of May 1877 nor shall the General Assembly have authority to pay any of the obligations created vir the 179 State under laws passed during the late war between the States nor any of the bonds notes or obligations made and entered into during the existence of said war the time for the payment of which was fixed after the ratification of a treaty of peace between the United States and the Confederate States nor shall the General Assembly pass any law or the Governor or other State official enter into any contract or agreement whereby the State shall be made a party to any suit in any Court of this State or of the United States instituted to test the validity of any such bonds or obligations Section XII Paragraph I The bonded debt of the State shall never be increased except to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend the State in time of war Section XIII Paragraph I The proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Macon and Brunswick or other railroads held by the State and any other property owned by the State whenever the General Assembly may authorize the sale of the whole or any part thereof shall be applied to the payment of the bonded debt of the State and shall not be used for any other purpose whatever so long as the State has any existing bonded debt Provided that the proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad shall be applied to the payment of the bonds for which said railroad has been mortgaged in preference to all other bonds Section XIY Paragraph I The General Assembly shall raise by taxation each year in addition to the sum required to pay the public expenses and interest on the public debt the sum of one hundred thousand dollars which shall be held as a sinking fund to pay off and retire the bonds of the State which have not yet matured and shall be applied to no other purpose whatever If the bonds cannot at any time be purchased at or below par then the sinking fund herein provided for may be loaned by the Governor and Treasurer of the State Provided the security which shall be demanded for said loan shall consist only of the valid bonds of the State but this section shall not take effect until the eight per cent currency bonds issued under the Act of February the 19th 1873 shall have been paid 180 Section XY Paragraph I The ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer shall each make to the Governor a quarterly report of the financial condition of the State which report shall include a statement of the assets liabilities and income of the State and expenditures therefor for three months preceding and it shall be the duty of the Governor to carefully examine the same by himsielf or through competent persons connected with his department and cause an abstract thereof to be published for the information of the people which abstract shall be indorsed by him as having been examined Section XYI Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not by vote resolution or order grant any donation or gratuity in favor of any person corporation or association Par II The General Assembly shall not grant or authorize extra compensation to any public officer agent or contractor after the service has been rendered or the contract entered into Section XYII Paragraph I The office of the State Printer shall cease with the expiration of the term of the present incumbent and the General Assembly shall provide by law for letting the public printing to the lowest responsible bidder or bidders who shall give adequate and satisfactory security for the faithful performance thereof No member of the General Assembly or other public officer shall be interested either directly or indirectly in any such contract ARTICLE VIII Education Section L Paragraph I There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of children in the elementary branches of an English education only as nearly uniform as practicable the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation or otherwise The schools shall be free to all children of the State but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races 181 Section II Paragraph I There shall he a State School Commissioner elected hy the people at the same time and manner as the Governor and State house Officers are elected whose term of office shall he two years and until his successor is elected and qualified His office shall he at the seat of the government and he shall he paid a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars 2000 per annum The General Assembly may substitute for the State School Commissioner such officer or officers as may he deemed necessary to perfect the system of public education Section III Paragraph I The poll tax any educational fund now belonging to the State except the endowment of and debts due to the University of Georgia a special tax on shows and exhibitions and of the sale of spirituous and malt liquors which the General Assembly is hereby authorized to assess and the proceeds of any commutation tax for military service and all taxes that may be assessed on such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are desrtuctive to other property are hereby set apart and devoted for the support of common schools Section IY Paragraph I Authority may be granted to counties upon the recommendation of two grand juries and to municipal corporations upon the recommendation of the corporate authority to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation but no such local laws shall take effect until the same shall have heen submitted to a vote of the qualified voters in each county or municipal corporation and approved by a twothirds vote of persons qualified to vote at such election and the General Assembly may prescribe who shall vote on such question Section Y Paragraph I Existing local school systems shall not be affected hy this Constitution Nothing contained in section first of this article shall be construed to deprive schools in this State not common schools from participation in the educational fund of the State as to all pupils therein taught in the elementary branches of an English Ideation 182 Section VI Paragraph I The Trustees of the University of Georgia may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of said University In addition to the payment of the annual interest on the debt due by the State to the University the General Assembly may from time to time make such donations thereto as the condition of the treasury will authorize And the General Assembly may also from time to time make such appropriations of money as the condition of the treasury will authorize to any college or university not exceeding one in number now established or hereafter to be established in this State for the education of persons of color ARTICLE IX Homestead and Exemption Section I Paragraph I There shall be exempt from levy and sale by virtue of any process whatever under the laws of this State except as hereinafter excepted of the property of every head of a family or guardian or trustee of a family of minor children or every aged or infirm person or persons having the care and support of dependent females of any age who is not the head of a family realty or personalty or both to the value in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars NoteThe above provision of the Constitution was especially submitted to the people and ratified as a part thereof by them on December 5th 1877 Section II Paragraph I No court or ministerial officer in thi sState shall ever have jurisdiction or authority to enforce any judgment execution or decree against the property set apart for such purpose including such improvements as may be made thereon from time to time except for taxes for the purchase money of the same for labor done thereon for material furnished therefor or for the removal of incumbrances thereon Section III Paragraph I The debtor shall have power to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in this article except as to wearing apparel and not exceeding three hundred dollars worth of household and kitchen furniture and pro 183 visions to be selected by himself and wife if any and he shall not after it is set apart alienate or encumber the property so exempted but it may be sold by the debtor and his wife if any jointly with the sanction of the Judge of the Superior Court of the county where the debtor resides or the land is situated the proceeds to be reinvested upon the same uses Section IY Paragraph I The General Assembly shall provide by law as early as practicable for the setting apart and valuation of said property But nothing in this article shall be construed to affect or repeal the existing laws for exemption of property from sale contained in the present Code of this State in paragraph 2040 to 2049 inclusive and the Act amendatory thereto It may be optional with the applicant to take either but not both of such exemptions Section Y Paragraph I The debtor shall have authority to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in section four except as is excepted in section three of this article Section YI Paragraph The applicant shall at any time have the right to supplement his exemption by adding to an amount already set apart which is less than the whole amount of exemption herein allowed a sufficiency to make his exemption equal to the whole amount Section YII Paragraph I Homestead land exemptions of personal property which havebeen heretofore set apart by virtue of the provisions of the existing Constitution of this State and in accordance with the laws for the enforcement thereof or which may hereafter b eso set apart at any time shall be and remain valid as agains tall debts and liabilities existing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution to the same extent that they would have been had said existing Constitution not been revised Section YIII Paragraph I Bights which have become vested under previously existing laws shall not be affected by anything herein contained In all cases in which homesteads have been set apart under the Constitution of 1868 and the laws made in pursuance thereof and a bona fide sale of such property has been subsequently made and the full 184 purchase price thereof paid all right of exemption in such property by reason of its having been so set apart shall cease in so far as it affects the right of the purchaser In all such cases where a part only of the purchase price has been paid such transactions shall be governed by the laws now of force in this State in so far as they affect the rights of the purchaser as though said property had not been set apart Section IX Paragraph I Parties who have taken a homestead of realty under the Constitution of eighteen hundred and sixtyeight shall have the right to sell said homestead and reinvest the same by order of the Judge of the Superior Courts of this State ARTICLE X Militia Section I Paragraph I A well regulated militia being essential to the peace and security of the State the General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law how the militia of this State shall be organized officered trained armed and equipped and of whom it shall consist Par II The General Assembly shall have power to authorize the formation of volunteer companies and to provide for their organization into battalions regiments brigades divisions and corps with such restrictions as may be prescribed by law and shall have authority to arm and equip the same Par III The officers and men of the militia and volunteer forces shall not be entitled to receive any pay rations or emoluments when not in active service by authority of the State ARTICLE XI Counties and County Officers Section I Paragraph I Each county shall be a body corporate with such powers and limitations as may be prescribed by law All suits by or against a county shall be in the name thereof and the metes and 185 bounds of the several counties shall remain as now prescribed by law unless changed as hereinafter provided Par II No new county shall be created Par III County lines shall not be changed unless under the operation of a general law for that purpose Par IV No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly Par V Any county may be dissolved and merged with contiguous counties by a twothirds vote of the qualified electors of such county voting at an election held for that purpose Section II Paragraph I The county officers shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their offices for two years They shall be removed on conviction for malpractice in office and no person shall be eligible to any of the offices referred to in this paragraph unless he shall have been a resident of the county for two years and is a qualified voter Section III Paragraph I Whatever tribunal or officers may hereafter be created by the General Assembly for the transaction of county matters shall be uniform throughout the State and of the same name jurisdiction and remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for the appointment of commissioners of roads and revenue in any county ARTICLE XII The Laws oe General Operation in Force in this State Section I Paragraph I The laws of general operation in this State are first as the supreme law the Constitution of the United States the laws of the United States in pursuance thereof and all treaties made under the authority of the United States Paf II Second As next in authority thereto this Constitution Par III Third In subordination to the foregoing All laws now of force in this State not inconsistent with this Constitution 186 and the ordinances of this Convention shall remain of force until the same are modified or repealed by the General Assembly The tax acts and appropriation acts passed by the General Assembly of 1877 and approved by the Governor of the State and not inconsistent with the Constitution are hereby continued in force until altered by law Par IY Local and private acts passed for the benefit of counties cities towns corporations and private persons not inconsistent with the supreme law nor with this Constitution and which have not expired nor been repealed shall have the force of statute law subject to judicial decision as to their validity when passed and to any limitations imposed by their own terms Par Y All rights privileges and immunities which may have vested in or accrued to any person or persons or corporations in his her or their own right or in any fiduciary capacity under and in virtue of any act of the General Assembly or any judgment decree or order or other proceeding of any court of competent jurisdiction in this State heretofore rendered shall be held inviolate by all courtsbefore which they may be brought in question unless attacked for fraud Par YT All judgments decrees orders and other proceedings of the several courts of this State heretofore made within the limits of their several jurisdictions are hereby ratified and affirmed subject only to reversion by motion for a new trial appeal bill of review or other proceeding in conformity with the law of force when they were made Par YII The officers of the government now existing shall continue in the exercise of their several functions until their successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified but nothing herein is to apply to any officer whose office may be abolished by this Constitution Par YIII The ordinances of this Convention shall have the force of laws until otherwise provided by the General Assembly except the ordinances in reference to submitting the homestead and Capital questions to a vote of the people which ordinances after being voted on shall have the effect of constitutional provisions ARTICLE XIII Amendments to the Constitution Section I Paragraph I Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives 187 and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon And the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more papers in each Congressional district for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall also provide for a submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately Par II No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable NoteUnder the ordinance of the Convention submitting the question of the location of the capital to the people the city of Atlanta was chosen December 5th 1877 Section II Paragraph I The Constitution shall be submitted for ratification or rejection to the voters of the State at an election to be held on the first Wednesday in December one thousand eight hundred and seventyseven in the several election districts of this State at which election every person shall be entitled to vote who is entitled to vote for the members of the General Assembly under the constitution and laws of force at the date of such election said election to be held and conducted as is now provided by law for holding elections for members of the General Assembly All persons voting at said election in favor of adopting the Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words For Ratification and all persons opposed to the adoption of this Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words Against Ratification Par II The votes cast at said election shall be consolidated in each of the counties of the State as is now required by law in elections for members of the General Assembly and returns thereof made to the Governor and should a majority of all the votes cast at said election be in favor of ratification he shall declare the said Consti 188 tion adopted and make proclamation of the result of said election by publication in one or more newspapers in each Congressional district of the State but should a majority of the votes cast be against ratification he shall in the same manner proclaim the said Constitution rejected AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION An Act to amend Paragraph 2 and 3 of Section 3 of Article 6 and Paragraph 1 of Section 11 of Article 6 of the Constitution of this State so as to provide for the election of the Judges of Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral by the electors of the whole State Acts 1897 page 16 An Act to amend Section 1 Article 7 Paragraph 1 of the Constitution of Georgia so as to extend the provisions of said Section Article and Paragraph to the widows of Confederate Soldiers who by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselves and for other purposes Acts of 1899 page 19 An Act to amend Article 7 Section 1 of the Constitution of this State so as to limit the levy of taxes on property for any one year by the General Assembly to five mills on each dollar of the value of the property taxable in this State except for the purpose of repelling invasion suppressing insurrection or defending the State in time of war and for other purposes Acts of 1903 page 21 An Act to alter and amend Article 8 Section 4 Paragraph 1 of the Constitution of the State by striking out the words 11 upon the recommendation of two grand juries which begin in the first line after the word Counties and end in the second line before the word and and substituting therefor the words Militia Districts School Districts and by inserting the words Military Districts School Districts in the seventh line after the word County and before the word or and further by striking out the word twothirds which begins in the seventh line after the word a and ends in the eighth line before the word vote and substituting therefor the 189 words twothirds majority of those voting and the manner of submitting the same for ratification and for other purposes Acts of 1903 page 23 An Act to amend Paragraph 2 of Section 1 of Article 11 of the Constitution of this State by striking out all of said Paragraph 2 Section 1 Article II and inserting in lieu thereof the following There shall not be more than one hundred and fortyfive Counties in this State Acts 1904 page 47 An Act to amend Section 3 Article 3 of the Constitution of this State which provides for the number of members of the House of Representatives by striking out Paragraph 1 of said Section of said Article and substituting in lieu thereof a Paragraph allowing an increase in the number of members of said House and naming the Counties now entitled to more than one Representative Acts 1904 page 48 ORDINANCES AN ORDINANCE Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled 1st That the question of the location of the capital of this State be kept out of the Constitution to be adopted by this Convention 2d That at the first general election hereafter held for members of the General Assembly every voter may indorse on his ballot f Atlanta or Milledgeville and the one of thes eplaees receiving the largest number of votes shall be the capital of the State until changed by the same authority and in the same way that may be provided for the alteration of the Constitution that may be adopted by the Convention whether said Constitution be ratified or rejected And that every person entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the present Constitution and laws of this State shall be entitled to vote under this ordinance and in the event of the rejection of said Constitution shall should a majority of votes cgst be in favor of Milledgeville then this provision to operate and take effect as an amendment to the present Constitution AN ORDINANCE Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled and it is hereby ordained by authority of the same 1st That the article adopted by this Convention on the subject of Homestead and Exemption shall not form a part of this Constitution except as hereinafter provided 2d At the election held for the ratification or rejection of this Constitution it shall be lawful for each voter to have written or printed on his ballot the words Homestead of 1877 or the words Homestead of 1868 3d In the event that a majority of the ballots so cast have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1877 then said article so adopted by this Convention shall form a part of the Constitution submitted if the same is ratified but in the event that said Constitution so submittd shall not be ratified then the article on Home 191 stead and Exemptions so adopted as aforesaid by this Convention shall supersede article seven of the Constitution of 1868 on the subject of Homestead and Exemptions and form a part of this Constitution 4th If a majority of the ballots so cast as aforesaid shall have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1868 then article seventh of the Constitution of 1868 shall supersede the article on Homestead and Exemptions adopted by this Convention and shall be incorporated in and form a part of the Constitution so submitted and ratified Read and adopted in Convention August 22 1877 Attest C J JENKINS President Constitutional Convention JAMES COOPER NISBET Secretary AN ORDINANCE Whereas A committee has been appointed by this Convention to consider and inquire into the ways and means by which the expenses of this Convention over and above those provided for by the General Assembly can be defrayed and whereas the committee are satisfied that a sufficient sum of money for the same can be procured by an ordinance of this Convention therefore Be itjordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled and it is hereby ordained by authority of the same That the President of this Convention shall be and he is hereby empowered by authority of this Convention to negotiate a loan of a sufficient sum of money at seven per cent per annum to defray the residue of the expenses of this Convention not provided for by the Act of the General Assembly calling this Convention Read and adopted in Convention August 18 1877 Attest C J JENKINS President Constitutional Convention JAMES COOPER NISBET Secretary AN ORDINANCE Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled 1st That the Constitution as adopted and revised be enrolled and signed by the officers and members of this Convention 2d That the Governor shall issue his proclamation ordering an election for members of the General Assembly and a vote upon the 192 ratification or rejection of this Constitution as therein provided and a vote upon the Capital and Homestead questions as provided by the ordinances of this Convention Read and adopted in Convention August 25th 1877 Attest C J JENKINS President Constitutional Convention JAMES COOPER NISBET Secretary AN ORDINANCE There shall be sixteen Judicial Circuits in this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to organize and apportion the same in such manner as to equalize the business and labor of the Judges in said several circuits as far as may be practicable But the General Assembly shall have power hereafter to recognize increase or diminish the number of circuits Provided however that the circuits shall remain as now organized until changed by law Read and adopted in Convention August 23 1877 Attest C J JENKINS President Constitutional Convention JAMES COOPER NISBET Secretary AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION Paragraph 15 of Section 7 Article 3 stricken out Paragraph 1 Section 1 Article 7 amended by adding at the end of said paragraph the following words And to make suitable provisions for such Confederate soldiers as may have been permanently injured in such service See Acts of 18841885 Paragraph 1 Section 1 Article 7 also amended by adding at the end of said paragraph the following words And to make suitable provision for such Confederate soldiers as may have otherwise been disabled or permanently injured in such service and for the widows of such Confederate soldiers as may have died in the service of the Confederate States or since from wounds received therein or diseases contracted therein Paragraph 3 Section 4 Article 2 amended by striking out biennially after the word and and before the word thereafter and substituting therfor the word annually 153 Paragraph 6 Section 4 Article 2 amended by striking out the words forty days unless by a twothirds vote of the whole number of each House and substituting therefor fifty days These amendments were construed to apply to Article 3 instead of Article 2 Paragraph 7 Section 7 Article 3 amended by adding thereto but the first and second reading of each local bill and bank and railroad charters in each House shall consist of the reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed Paragraph 18 Section 7 Article 3 amended by striking out after the word f1 companies in the second line the following words viz Except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies and substituting therefor at the end of said paragraph after the word courts th following viz All corporate powers and privileges to banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the Secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law See Acts of 189091 Vol 1 pages 55 to 60 inclusive Paragraph 1 Section 1 of Article 7 by adding after the word 1 service f f in the thirteenth line of said paragraph the following words towit Or who by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselves Act approved December 19 1893 Adopted by vote of the people Oct 1894 Paragraph 2 Section 3 Article 6 amended so that the same shall read as follows The successors to the present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly of the whole State at the general election held for such members next preceding the expiration Of their respective terms Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years Paragraph 3 Section 3 Article 6 amended so that said paragraph shall read as follows The terms of the judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their election Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such va 194 cancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected Paragraph 1 Section 11 Article 6 amended so that the same shall read as follows There shall be a SolicitorGeneral for each judicial circuit whose official term except to fill a vacancy shall be four years The successors of present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors of the whole State qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Every vacancy occasioned by death Resignation or other cause shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected provided that the successor for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years Paragraph 1 Section 1 Article 7 amended so that the same shall read as follows and for the widows of such Confederate soldiers who by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselves provided that the Act shall only apply to such widows as were married at the time of such service and have remained unmarried since the death of such soldier husband Paragraph 1 Section 3 Article 8 be amended to read as follows The Legislature shall have authority to add one or more additional judges of the superior court for any judicial circuit in this State and shall have authority to regulate the manner in which the judges of such circuits shall dispose of the business thereof and shall fix the time at which the term or terms of office of such additional judge or judges shall begin and the manner of his aupointment or election and shall have authority from time to time to add to the number of such judges in any judicial circuit or to reduce the number of judges in any judicial circuit provided that at all times there shall be at least one judge in every judicial circuit of this State Paragraph 1 Section 1 Article 6 be amended to read as follows The judicial powers of the State shall be vested in a Supreme Court a Court of Appeals superior courts courts of ordinary justices of the peace commissioned notaries public and such other courts as have been or may be established by law Paragraph 5 Section 2 Article 6 be amended to read as follows The Supreme Court shall have no original jurisdiction but shall be a court alone for the trial and correction of errors in law and 195 equity from the superior courts in all civil cases whether legal or equitable originating therein or carried thereto from the court of ordinary and in all eases of conviction of a capital felony and for the determination of questions certified to it by the Court of Appeals and shall sit at the seat of government at such times in each year as are or may be prescribed by law for the trial and determination of writs of error from the superior courts and of questions certified to it as aforesaid The provisions of this paragraph shall become effective on the first day of January Anno Domini nineteen hundred and seven but shall not affect cases which on that date are pending in the Supreme Court except that cases then pending therein of the kind of which the Court of Appeals has jurisdiction may be transferred by the Supreme Court to the Court of Appeals Any case thereafter carried to the Supreme Court which is of the class of which the Court of Appeals has jurisdiction may be transferred to the Court of Appeals under such rules as the Supreme Court may prescribe until otherwise provided by law and the Court of Appeals shall try the cases so transferred Section 2 Article 6 by adding a paragraph to be known as Paragraph 9 which shall read as follows The Court of Appeals shall until otherwise provided by law consist of three judges of whom two shall constitute a quorum It shall sit at the seat of government and at such other places as may be prescribed by law The Governor shall immediately on the ratification of this amendment call an election to be held on Tuesday after the first Monday in November Anno Domini nineteen hundred and six at which the judges of the Court of Appeals shall be elected in the manner in which Justices of the Supreme Court are elected The returns of said election shall be made to the Secretary of State and the Secretary of State shall canvass the returns and declare the three persons receiving the greatest number of votes to be elected The terms of office of the judges then elected shall begin on the first day of January Anno Domini nineteen hundred and seven and shall continue respectively two four and six years and until their successors are qualified The persons so elected shall among themselves determine by lot which of the terms each shall have and they shall be commissioned accordingly by the Governor All terms of the judges of the Court of Appeals after the expiration of the terms aforesaid except unexpired terms shall continue six years and until their successors are qualified The times and manner of all other elections and the mode of filling a vacancy which causes an unexpired term shall be the same as are or may be provided for by the laws relating to the election and appointment of Justices of the Supreme Court 196 The Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction for the trial and correction of errors in law and equity from the superior courts in all cases in which such jurisdiction is not conferred by this Constitution on the Supreme Court and from the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may be hereafter established in other cities and in such other cases as may hereafter be prescribed by law except that where in a case pending in the Court of Appeals a question is raised as to the construction of a provision of the Constitution of this State or of the United States or as to the constitutionality of an Act of the General Assembly of this State and a dcision of the question is necessary to the determination of the case the Court of Appeals shall so certify to the Supreme Court and thereupon a transcript of therecord shall be transmitted to the Supreme Court which after having afforded to the parties an opportunity to be heard thereon shall instruct the Court of Appeals on the question so certified and the Court of Appeals shall be bound by the instruction so given But if by reason of an equal division of opinion among the Justices of the Supreme Court no such instruction is given the Court of Appeals may decide the question The Court of Appeals may at any time certify to the Supreme Court any other question of law concerning which it desires the instruction of the Supreme Court for proper decision and thereupon the Supreme Court shall give its instruction on the question certified to it which shall be binding on the Court of Appeals in such case The manner of certifying questions to the Supreme Court by the Court of Appeals and the subsequent proceedings in regard to the same in the Supreme Court shall be as the Supreme Court shall by its rules prescribe until otherwise provided by law No affirmance of the judgment of the court below in cases pending in the Court of Appeals shall result from delay in disposing of questions certified by the Court of Appeals to the Supreme Court All writs of error in the Court of Appeals when received by its clerk during a term of the Court and before the docket of the term is by order of the Court closed shall be entered thereon and when received at any other time shall be entered on the docket of the next term and they shall stand for hearing at the term for which they are so entered under such rules as the Court may prescribe until otherwise provided by law The Court of Appeals shall appoint a clerk and a sheriff of the court The reporter of the Supreme Court shall be reporter of the Court of Appeals until otherwise provided by law The first term of the Court of Appeals shall be held on the first Monday in January Anno Domini nineteen hundred and seven The laws relating to the Supreme Court as to qualifications and salaries of the judges 197 the designation of other judges to preside when members of the Court are disqualified the powers duties salaries fees and terms of officers the mode of carrying eases to the Court the powers practice procedure times of sitting and costs of the Court the publication of reports of cases decided therein and in all other respects except as otherwise provided in this Constitution and until otherwise provided by law shall apply to the Court of Appeals so far as they can be made to apply The decisions of the Supreme Court shall bind the Court of Appeals as precedents 11 Section 1 of Article 2 repealed and the following Section consisting of nine paragraphs inserted in lieu thereof I Paragraph 1 After the year 1908 elections by the people shall be by ballot and only those persons shall be allowed to vote who have been first registered in accordance with the requirements of law 1 Paragraph 2 Every male citizen of this State who is a citizen of the United States twentyone years old or upwards not laboring under any of the disabilities named in this Article and possessing the qualifications provided by it shall be an elector and entitled to register and vote at any election by the people provided that no soldier sailor or marine in the military or naval services of the United States shall acquire rights of an elector by reason of being stationed on duty in this State I Paragraph 3 To entitle a person to register and vote at any election by the people he shall have resided in the State one year next preceding the election and in the county in which he offers to vote six months next preceding the election and shall have paid all taxes which may have been required of him since the adootion of the Constitution of Georgia of 1877 that he may have had an opportunity of paying agreeably to law Such payment must have been made at least six months prior to the election at which he offers to vote except when such elections are held within six months from the expiration of the time fixed by law for the payment of such taxes 1 Paragraph 4 Every male citizen of this State shall be entitled to register as an elector and to vote in all elections in said State who is not disqualified under the provisions of Section 2 of Article 2 of this Constitution and who possesses the qualifications prescribed in paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Section pr who will possess them at the date of the election occurring next after his registration and who in addition thereto comes within either of the classes provided for in the five following subdivisions of this paragraph 1 All persons who have honorably served in the land or naval forces of the United States in the Revolutionary War or in the War of 1812 or in the War with Mexico or in any War with the Indians 198 or in the War between the States or in the War with Spain or who honorably served in the land or naval forces of the Confederate States or of the State of Georgia in the War between the States or f 2 All persons lawfully descended from those embraced in the classes enumerated in the subdivision next above or 3 All persons who are of good character and understand the duties and obligations of citizenship under a Republican form of government or 4 All persons who can correctly read in the English language any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State and correctly write the same in the English language when read to them by any one of the registrars and all persons who solely because of physical disability are unable to comply with the above requirements but who can understand and give a reasonable interpretation of any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State that may be read to them by any one of the registrars or 5 Any person who is the owner in good faith in his own right of at least forty acres of land situated in this State upon which he resides or is the owner in good faith in his own right of property situated in this State and assessed for taxation at the value of 50000 Paragraph o The right to register unde rsubdivisions 1 and 2 of paragraph 4 shall continue only until January 1st 1915 But the registrars shall prepare a roster of all persons who register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of paragraph 4 and shall reutrn the same to the clerks office of the Superior Court of their counties and the clerks of the Superior Court shall send copies of the same to the Secretary of State and it shall be the duty of these officers to record and permanently preserve these rosters Any person who has been once registered under either of the subdivisions 1 or 2 or paragraph 4 shall thereafter be permitted to vote provided he meets the requirements of paragraphs 2 and 3 of this State Paragraph 6 Any person to whom the right of registration is denied by the registrars upon the ground that he lacks the qualifications set forth in the five subdivisions of paragraph 4 shall have the right to take an appeal and any citizen may enter an appeal from the decision of the registrars allowing any person to register under said subdbuplon All appeals must be filed in writing with the registrars withm ten days from the date of the decision complained of and shall be returned by the registrars of the office of the clerk of the Superior Court to be tried as other appeals 199 j Paragraph 7 Pending an appeal and until the final decision of the case the judgment of the registrars shall remain in full force Paragraph 8 No person shall be allowed to participate in a primary of any political party or a convention of any political party in this State who is not a qualified voter Paragraph 9 The machinery provided by law for the registration of force October 1st 1908 shall be used to carry out the provisions of this Section except where inconsistent with same the legislature may change or amend the registration laws from time to time but no such change or amendment shall operate to defeat any of the provisions of this Section See Acts of 1908 pages 27 28 29 Paragraph 1 of Section 3 Article 3 of the Constitution of Georgia as amended by an Act approved July 27 1904 is hereby amended by striking 183 Representatives in the said paragraph of the Constitution as amended and substituting 184 Representative See Acts of 908 pages 31 and 32 Article seven 7 Section six 6 oi the Constitution of said State be amended as follows towit By adding to paragraph two 2 of said Section and Article the following words towit To pay the county police and to provide for necessary sanitation See Acts of 1908 page 33 Paragraph 1 Section 1 Article 7 of the Constitution of this State be amended by adding at the end of said paragraph the following To make provision for the payment of pensions to any exConfederate soldier now resident of this State who enlisted in the military service of this State or who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States during the eivil war between the States of the United States and who performed actual military service in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State and was honorably discharged therefrom and to widows now residents of this State of exConfederate soldiers who enlisted in the military service of this State or who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States and who performed actual service in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State who died in said military service or was honorably discharged Note ty Compiler The foregoing proposed amendment to the Constitution originated in the House and was passed by the Senate Aug 12 1908 The Legislature adjourned Aug 12 1908 200 The bill proposing said amendment has not been signed or vetoed by the Governor but the same has been filed in the office of the Secretary of State endorsed as follows No action by the Governor See Constitution of the State Article 3 Section 7 Paragraph 23 Civil Code Section 5781 and Article 5 Section lj Paragraphs 16 and 17 Civil Code Sections 5819 and 5820 Also Article 13 Section 1 Paragraph 1 Civil Code Section 5940 See Acts of 1908 pages 34 35 36 Paragraph 1 Section 1 Article 7 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia amended to provide for the payment of Pensions of exConfederate soldiers and to the widows of exConfederate soldiers married prior to first January 1870 not worth over 150000 etc This amendment ratified at the November election 1908 See Act 1910 pages 37 42 Approved July 8 1910 Paragraph 1 of Section 13 of Article 6 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia amended by adding Provided however that the counties of Chatham Pulton and Richmond shall pay from their respective county treasuries to the Superior Court Judges of the circuit of which they are a part and the county of Pulton to the judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit or the judge of such other circuit as may hereafter be required to regularly preside therein for additional services rendered in the Superior Court of Pulton County such sums as will with the salaries paid each judge from the State Treasury make a salary of 500000 per annum to each judge and said payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of such counties such payments to be made to the judges now in office as well as their successors See Act 1910 pages 42 44 Approved August 3 1910 Paragraph 2 Section 6 Article 7 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia amended by striking from said paragraph 2 the following Instructing children in the elementary branches of an English Education only so as to read The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose except for educational purposes to build and repair the public buildings and bridges to maintain and support prisoners to pay jurors and coroners and for litigation quarantine roads and expenses of courts to support paupers and to pay debts heretofore existing See Act 1910 pages 45 47 Approved August 4 1910 201 AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION 1911 Article VIII Section I Paragraph I of the Constitution of this State amended by striking therefrom the words in the elementary branches of an English education only7 in lines two and three so that when so amended the said Article Section and Paragraph shall read as f ollowg towit There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of the children as nearly uniform as practicable the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation or otherwise The schools shall be free to all children of the State but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races See Acts 1911 Pages 4648 Approved August 17 1911 The Constitution of Georgia amended by adding to second Section of the seventh Article of said Constitution a new Paragraph for requiring certain tax returns to be made to the ComptrollerGeneral on or before the 1st day of March of each year and for requiring the taxes arising on such returns to be paid on or before the 1st day of September and to authorize the General Assembly to pass such laws as may be necessary and proper for carrying out said provisions See Acts 1911 Pages 5153 Approved August 19 1911 The third Section of the seventh Article of the Constitution amended by striking therefrom the words Casual Deficiencies of Revenue 1 and substituting therefor the words such temporary deficit as may exist in the Treasury in any year from necessary delay in collecting the taxes of that year and by striking the words Two Hundred Thousand Dollars and substituting in lieu thereof Five Hundred Thousand Dollars and any loan made for this purpose shall be repaid out of the taxes levied for the year in which the loan is made See Acts 1911 Pages 49 50 Approved August 19 1911 AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION 1912 Article 3 Section 7 Paragraph 18 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia embraced in Section 5780 of the Civil Code of this State authorizing and empowering judges of the Superior Courts of this State to grant charters to private companies in vacation and for other purposes amended to read as follows The General As sembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the courts it may confer this authority to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to the judges of the Superior Courts of this State in vacation All corporate powers and privileges to banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the Secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law and if in any event the Secretary of State should be disqualified co act in any case then in that event the Legislature shall provide by general laws by what person such charters shall be granted See Acts 1912 Pages 27 29 Approved August 17 1912 Article 6 Section 7 of the Constitution of this State amended to read as follows Article 6 Section 7 of the Constitution of this State amended by adding to Paragraph 1 of Said Section the following words towit Provided however that the General As sembly may in its discretion abolish Justice Courts and the office of Justice of the Peace and of Notary Public exofficio Justices of the Peace in any City of this State having a population of over twenty thousand except the City of Savannah and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new court or courts or system of courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subject matter now exercised by Justice Courts and by Justices of the Peace and Notaries Public exofficio Justices of the Peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or subject matter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction unedr this Constitution together also with such provisions as to rules and procedure in such courts and as ot new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provisions for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Anv court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph 1 of Section 9 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Georgia So that said Section when amended shall read as follows There 203 shall be in each Militia District one Justice of the Peace whose official term except when elected to fill an unexpired term shall be four years provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish Justice Courts and the office of Justices of the Peace and of Notary Public exfficio Justices of the Peace in any ity of this State having a population of over twenty thousand except the City of Savannah and established in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of eourts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new court or courts or system of courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subject matter now exercised by Justic Courts and by Justices of the Peace and Notaries Public exofficio Justices of the Peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or subject matter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together also with such provision as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts an dwith such further provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph 1 of Section 9 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Georgia See Act 1912 Pages 80 31 32 Approved July 30 1912 Section 1 of the Act of July 11 1910 known as the Service Pension Law amended by striking from the seventh and eighth lines of said Section the words in parenthesis towit not now drawing a pension from the State so that said Section when amended by this Act will read as follows That a pension of sixty dollars be paid annually on the firgt of January and before the first of May to each exConfederate soldier and to the widow of each exConfederate soldier who was married prior to the first day of January 1870 who was bona fide resident citizen of this State on th fourth day of November 1908 the total value of whose property of any kind and of any description and of any value whatever does not exceed fifteen hundred dollars who enlisted and was mustered into the organized army of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of the State of Georgia and performed as much as six months of actual military service as a soldier and was honorably discharged therefrom Provided this Act shall not apply to those the value of whose property is more than fifteen hundred dol 204 lars nor whose pension is more than sixty dollars per annum Provided further proof of six months service shall not be required of any soldier who died while in the service before the expiration of said six months Sec 2 Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid That Section 11 of same Act be amended by striking word Fifteen and adding in lieu thereof word First so that said Section after amended shall read as follows That all applications for pensions tc be considered for tne rolls of the following year shall be filed in the office of Commissioner of Pensions on or before the first of November of each year See Acts 1912 Pages 33 34 Approved August 13 1912 An Act to amend Section 8 of an Act approved July 11th 1910 entitled An Act to be entitled an Act to put in force the Constitutional amendments ratified at the November election 1908 of Paragraph 1 Section 1 Article 7 of the Constitution of the State providing for the payment of pensions to exConfederate soldiers and to widows of exConfederate soldiers married prior to the first of January 1870 not worth over 1500 to fix the term of service the annual amount to be paid the proofs to be made to provide penalties for false and fraudulent swearing in connection therewith and to make appropriations to pay the same and for other purposes Section 1 Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Georgia That an Act approved July 11th 1910 as per caption quoted in the caption of this Act be after the passage of this Act so amended that Section 8 of said Act be and the same is hereby amended by inserting in the fifth line thereof between the word war and the word leaving the words or was honorably discharged and by inserting in the sixth line thereof between the word killed and the word who the words orhonorably discharged so that said Section when so amended shall read as follows Section 8 Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid That when a soldier was killed or injured while in the service1 and in line of duty as a soldier or died as the result of such injury before the close of the war or was honorably discharged leaving a widow who was his wife when injured or killed or honorably discharged who has since married and is now a widow shall be paid the annual pension as provided by this Act provided she is otherwise eligible 205 under the provisions of this Act as are required of other widows of Confederate soldiers Approved August 19 1912 See Act 1912 Pages 35 36 Article 7 Section 2 Paragraph 2 of the Constitution of this State amended by adding to and at the end of said Paragraph the following words The General Assembly shall further have power to exempt from taxation farm products including baled cotton grown in this State and remaining in the hands of the producer but not longer than for the year next after their production See Acts 1912 Pages 35 36 Approved August 6 1912 Paragraph 2 Section 1 Article 11 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia amended by adding to said Paragraph the following language Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from the territory now comprising Pulaski County to be made up and composed of all that part of the territory of Pulaski County lying north and east of a line extending northwest and southeast across said county said line beginning at the point on the boundary line of Pulaski and Dodge Counties where land lots Nos 123 and 148 in the 20th land district of Pulaski County meet and thence extending from said point in a northwesterly direction along the line dividing said lots 123 and 148 thence continuing in a northwesterly direction along the dividing lines of the following land lots Nos 122 and 149 121 and 150 in the 20th land district and Nos 300 and 301 299 and 302 298 and 303 297 and 304 296 and 305 295 and 306 294 and 307 293 and 308 292 and 309 291 and 310 290 and 311 289 and 312 288 and 313 287 and 314 286 and 315 in the 21st land district and Nos 354 and 361 and between lots 360 and 355 and between 359 and 356 between 358 and 357 in the 24th land district to the Ocmulgee River and to the line of Houston County That the said new county shall be known as the County of Bleckley and the City of Cochran shall be the county site of the same That the said County of Bleckley shall be attached to the same Congressional District and to the same Judicial Circuit and to the same State Senatorial District as to those to which the the County of Pulaski is attached at the date of the ratification of this amendment Thai all legal voters residing in the limits of the County of Bleckley entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly 206 under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in January following the ratification of this proposed amendment elect an Ordinary a Clerk of the Superior Court a Sheriff a Coroner a Tax Collector a Tax Receiver a County Surveyor and a County Treasurer and one Commissioner of Roads and Revenues for said new county and said election shall be held at Cochran That the Superior Courts of said Bleckley County shall be held on the second Monday in January and the first Monday in July of each year That the Congressional and Senatorial Districts the Judicial Circuit to which said county is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Court and the limits of the county shall be as designated above until changed by law Provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the oCde of 1910 are hereby made applicable to said County of Bleckley whenever the same may be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State See Act 1912 Pages 38 39 40 Approved July 30 1912 Paragraph 2 Section 1 Article 11 of the Constitution of this State amended by adding to said Paragraph the following language Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the County of Montgomery and bounded as follows Commencing at a point on the western bank of the Oconee River where the Laurens County line intersects with said river thence down the western bank of the said river to the mouth of the said river thence up the northern bank of the Ocmulgee River to the mouth of the Little Ocmulgee River thence up the said Little Ocmulgee River to the line of Dodge County thence east along said line of Dodge County and Laurens County to the western bank of the Oconee River to the starting point That said new county the boundaries of which are described herein shall be called and known by the name of Wheeler and shall be attached to and become a part of the Twelfth Congressional District the Fifteenth State Senatorial District and the Oconee Judicial Circuit and the county site of the said new county shall be the town of Alamo That all legal voters residing in the limits as herein described of said proposed new county of Wheeler entitleu 207 to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1913 elect an Ordi nary a Clerk of Superior Court a Sheriff a Coroner a Tax Collector a Tax Receiver a County Surveyor a County Treasurer and three ommissioners of Roads and Revenues for said county said election I3 t0Wn f Alam the C0Unt m of said county That the Superior Courts of said county shall be held on the first Monday m March and on the first Monday in September of each year The limits of the said county the Congressional and Senatorial Districts and the Judicial Circuit to which it is attached and the time of holding the terms of the Superior Courts shall be as designated above until changed by law provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as foun din Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to said county of Wheeler whenever the same may be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory country and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State See Acts 1912 Pages 41 43 Approved August 14 1912 AMENDMENT TO CONSTITUTION 1913 Paragraph 1 of Section 13 of Article 6 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia as amended by the Act of the General Assembly approved August 3rd 1910 and duly ratified by the people according to law is amended by inserting the word Bibb in the proviso contained in said amendment between the words the Counties of and the word Chatham so that said proviso so amended by this amendment shall read as follows Provided however that the Counties of Bibb Chatham Fulton and Richmond shall pay from their respective county treasuries to the Superior Court Judges of the Circuit of which they are a part and the County of Fulton to the Judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit or the Judge of such other circuit as may hereafter be required to regularly preside therein for additional services rendered in the Superior Court of Fulton County nuch sums as will with the salaries paid each judge from the State Treasury make a salary of 500000 per annum to each judge and said payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of 208 such counties such payments to be made to the judges now in office as well as their successors See Acts 1913 Page 30 Approved August 16 1913 AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION 1914 Paragraph 2 of Section 1 of Article 11 of the Constitution amended by adding to said paragraph the following language Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by the Constitution of the State of Georgia there shall be a new county laid out from the counties of Appling Pierce and Ware that the name of said county shall be Bacon and the boundaries shall be as follows Commencing at the southwest corner of the county of Appling where it corners with Ware and Coffee Counties being at the southwest corner of land lot 471 of the 5th district of Appling County and running thence north along the dividing lines between the counties of Appling and Coffee to the southwest comer of land lot 464 of the 5th district of Appling County and running thence west along the original land line to the southwest corner of land lot 510 of the 5th district of Appling County where it comers with Coffee County and running thence north along the dividing line between the counties of Appling and Coffee to the northwest corner of land lot 115 of the 2d district of Appling County where it corners with Jeff Davis County and running thence east along the dividing line between Appling and Jeff Davis Counties to the northwest corner of land lot 108 in the 2d district of Appling County thence running north along the dividing line of Appling and Jeff Davis Counties to the northwest corner of land lot 169 of the 2nd district of Appling County and thence east along the original land line to what is known as the Little Satilla River and thence southeasterly along the middle thread of the Little Satilla River to a point where said river crosses the southern line of land lot 75 of the 4th district of Pierce County and running thence west along the original land line to the northwest comer of land lot 76 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence running south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 63 in the 4th district of Pierce County and mnning thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 30 in the 4th district of Pierce County 209 thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 31 of the 4th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 16 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 15 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 38 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 36 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 57 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 58 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 81 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 80 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 105 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 106 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land lines to the Southeast corner of land lot 198 in the 5th district of Ware County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 199 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 291 in the 5th district of Ware County thence north along the original land lines to the northwest corner of land lot 290 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land line to the southwest corner of land lot 310 in the 5th district of Ware County thence north along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 312 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 471 to point and place of beginning That Alma Georgia shall be the county site of said county that the said county shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District and to the Waycross Judicial Circuit and to the Third Senatorial District That all the legal voters residing in the limits of said county of Bacon entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1915 at Alma Georgia the county site of said county elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a Sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor county school superintendent and a county treasurer The limits of said county the Con 210 gressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is added shall be as above designated until changed by law The Superior Court of said county shall be held on the third Mondays in March and October See Acts 1914 Pages 2326 Approved July 27 1914 Paragraph 2 Section 1 Article 11 of the Constitution of this State amended by adding to said paragraph the following language Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the counties of Gwinnett Walton and Jackson said county bounded as follows Beginning at a point amid stream where the Mulberry River crosses the Hall County line joining Jackson County thence following the line between Hall and Jackson Counties to the corner of Hall Gwinnett and Jackson Counties thence in a direct line to the center of the Appalachia River at Freemans mill thence following the middle of the current of said Appalachia River down to the line of Walton and Oconee Counties thence following the line between Walton and Oconee Counties to the common corner of Walton Jackson and Oconee Counties thence following the line between Jackson and Oconee Counties to the Clarke County line dividing Oconee and Clarke Counties thence in a direct line to McCleskys Bridge at the central point over the Mulberry River and thence up the said Mulberry River to the beginning point on the Hall County line That Winder Georgia shall be the county site of said county Said county shall be attached to the Ninth Congressional District and to the Western Judicial Circuit and shall be attached to the Thirtythird Senatorial District That the name of said new county shall be Barrow and that all legal voters residing in the limits of said county of Barrow entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1915 elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor and a county treasurer Said election to be held at Winder Georgia the county site of said county That the Superior Courts of said county shall be held on the fourth Mondays in March and September of each year The limits of said county the Congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Court shall be as above designated until changed by law See Acts 1914 Pages 2728 Approved July 7 1914 211 Paragraph 2 Section 1 Article 11 of the Constitution of this State amended as follows That in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State created by the General Assembly and those created by amendments to the above and foregoing Paragraph Section and Article of the Constitution of this State there is hereby created an additional county which county when created shall be known as Candler County The territory for the formation of said county of Candler shall be taken from the counties of Emanuel Bulloch and Tattnall and the said territory so taken for the formation of said new county of Candler shall be included within the following described boundaries towit Starting at the south of Ten Mile Creek where it empties into Canoochee River running in a northerly direction up said river to Excelsior Bridge thence in a northerly direction straight course to Lott s Creek to a point onequarter of a mile above new bridge thence along the line of Lotts Creek to DeLoachs Pond leaving DeLoachs Pond running in a northwesterly direction crossing the Bulloch and Emanuel Counties lines inersecting with the Swainsboro and Statesboro public road at D B Johnsons place thence in a southwesterly direction to Union School House thence in a southwesterly direction to Cowarts Mill Pond thence a direct line south to the Leo Collins crossing on Central of Georgia Railroad thence a southwesterly course to Griffins Ferry Bridge on the Ohoopee River crossing line of Emanuel and Tattnall Counties a southerly course to a point where the counties of Emanuel and Tattnall meet on the Ohoopee River thence a direct line east to Kennedys Bridge on the Canoochee River That when said county is created the county seat of the same shall be the town of Metter now in the county of Bulloch that there shall be on the first Wednesday in December an election for the county officers herein named in and for said new county to be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said new county at the time of the adoption of the amendment during the usual hours of holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in said territory shall be qualified to vote at said election and the ordinaries of the several counties in which said election precincts are located shall each appoint the electionmanagers for the precincts in the counties in which he shall exercise jurisdiction of ordinary and the managers of the election shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the town of Metter the place designated as the county seat of the new county and consolidate the vote for the county officers at such place within the limits of the town of Metter as shall be 212 designated by the Judge of the Superior Cour of the middle circuit whose duty it is hereby made to designate the place of meeting of said election managers within the corporate limits of said town of Metter and the general laws now in force as to the consideration of the votes the return of the election and the commission of officers shall be applicable to officers elected at such special election herein provided for that the officers to be elected at said special election herein provided shall be an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a tax collector a tax receiver a coroner a county surveyor and a county treasurer that said officers shall be commissioned as now required by law and all laws now in force in this State to commission officers and for bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected that the officers elected at said general election shall hold their offices untl the next general election for county officers and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any additional statutory officers in said county or statutory courts and to provide by law for filling said offices Any vacancies that may occur before the next general election in any of the offices created by said county may be filled as now provided by law The said county of Candler shall be attached to the First Congressional District the Middle Judicial Circuit and the Seventeenth Senatorial District but it shall be in the power of the General Assembly at any time to change the judicial circuit to which said county of Candler is attached and the said General Assembly of Georgia is hereby given the power to change said county of Candler in arranging Congressional and senatorial districts as now provided by law That the Superior Courts in said County of Candler stall be held on the third Mondays in February and August of each year but it shall be within the power of the General Assembly at any time by law to change the time of holding courts and the number of terms thereof That the Justices of the Peace and Constables residing in the territory included within the new county of Candler shall exercise the duties and powers of their office until new militia districts are laid out in said county of Candler as now provided by law that all of th eprovisicns of the law as contained in Chapter Thirteen 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to the said county of Candler that all of the general laws in this State in addition to the above having application to the statutory counties of this State are hereby made applicable to the said county of Candler especially the law in reference to holding elections for the purpose of creating a debt for said county that the said county of Candler so created by this 213 amendment shall become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in force in this State regulating county and county affairs See Acts 1914 Pages 2932 Approved July 17 1914 Paragraph 2 of Section 1 of Article 11 of the Constitution of this State as amended by the ratification by the qualified voters of this State of the Acts approved July 19 1904 and July 31 1906 July 30 1912 and August 14 1912 towit Amended by adding to said paragraph the following language towit Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from portions of the Counties of Bulloch and Tattnall and embraced within the following boundary lines Commencing at a point known as Johnsons Old Ferry on the Canoochee River and running thence in a southwesterly direction along the boundary line between Liberty and Tattnall Counties to a point known as the Ford on Canoochee Creek thence in a westerly direction a straight line to Jennie thence a westerly direction a straight line to Rogers Crossing at the intersection of the Bellville and Reidsville roads thence in a northerly direction in a straight line to a point on the Seaboard Air Line Railway half way between the towns of Bellville and Manassas thence northerly in the same direction in a straight line until it intersects tlie line the proposed county of Candler thence along said line to the Canoochee River thence in a southerly direction down the Canoochee River to Kennedys Bridge thence in an easterly direction along the public road leading fronf Kennedys Bridge to Ada Belle on the Register and Glennville Railroad thence in an eastrely direction along the old Dublin Road to the rightofway of the old Dublin Railroad bed thence in a southeasterly direction down said rightofway to Scotts Creek thence in the same direction down Scottfs Creek to its mouth in Lotts Creek thence in a southerly direction down Lotts Creek to its mouth into Canoochee River and from thence down Canoochee River in a southeasterly direction to the starting point at Johnsons Ferry That the territory embraced in the foregoing boundary lines shall be known as and be named Evans County and the city of Claxton shall be the county site of the same That said proposed county shall be attached to the First Congressional District to the Atlantic Judicial Circuit and to the Second Senatorial District That all legal voters residing within the limits of said proposed county of Evans entitled under the laws of Georgia to vote for members of the General Assembly shall on the first Wednesday 214 in January elect the following officers for the said county of Evans An ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county treasurer a county surveyor a county superintendent of public schools and three commissioners of roads and revenues said election to be held at Claxton the county site according to law That theSuperior Courts of the said county of Evans shall be held on the fourth Mondays of January March June and October of each year and that the grand jury for said county of Evans shall serve at the January and June terms of said court each year provided however that the Judge of the Superior Court may in his discretion cause the grand jury of said county to be summoned at any term of said Superior Court That the limits of said county of Evans the Congressional and State senatorial districts the judicial circuit to which said county of Evans is hereby attached the terms of the Superior Court of the same shall be as designated herein until changed by law provided that the laws applicable to new counties and not inconsistent or in conflict with the provisions of this Act as found in Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of Georgia of 1910 are hereby made applicbale to said county of Evans and that said county shall be subject to all laws applicable to all other counties of this State See Acts 1914 Pages 3335 Approved August 11 1914 Paragraph 1 of Section 3 of Article 3 of the Constitution amended by striking from the second line of said paragraph the figures 184 and inserting in lieu thereof the figures 189 and further by striking therefrom the names of all counties therein specified and inserting in place of the six counties therein named as being entitled to three representatives each of the following Pulton Chatham Richmond Bibb Floyd and Muscogee and inserting m place of the twentysix counties therein specified as being entitled to two representatives each the following Laurens Carroll Jackson Sumter Thomas Decatur Gwinnett Coweta Cobb Washington DeKalb Burke Bulloch Troup Hall Walton Bartow Meriwether Emanuel Lowndes Elbert Brooks Houston Wilkes Clarke and Ware and further by adding at the end of said paragraph after the words and to the remaining counties one representative each r the following the counties of Bleckley and Wheeler shall be entitled to representation in the General Assembly of Georgia for the session 191516 and the counties of Barrow Candler and Bacon the three said last named counties shall also be entitled to representation in the sessions of the General Assembly for the years 191516 and 215 elections in said counties shall be held on the first Tuesday in January 1915 under the law now governing similar elections for the election of members of the General Assembly to serve during the session of 191516 in accordance with this amendment so that said paragraph so amended will read as follows Paragraph 1 Number of Representatives The House of Representatives shall consist of not more than 189 representatives apportioned among the several counties as follows towit To the six counties having the largest population viz Fulton Chatham Richmond Bibb Floyd and Muscogee three representatives each to the twentysix counties having the next largest population viz Laurens Carroll Jackson Sumter ThomasDecatur Gwinnett Coweta Cobb Washington DeKalb Burke Bulloch Troup Hall Walton Bartow Meriwether Emanuel Lowndes Elbert Brooks Houston Wilkes Clarke and Ware two representatives each and to the remaining counties one representative each and the counties of Bleckley and Wheeler shall be entitled to representation in the General Assembly of Georgia for the session of 19X516 and the counties of Bartow Candler and Bacon the three said last named counties shall also be entitled to representation in the sessions of the General Assembly for the years 191516 and elections in said counties shall be held on the first Tuesday in January 1915 under the law now governing similar elections for the election of members of the General Assembly to serve during the session of 191516 in accordance with this amendment See Acts 1914 Pages 3639 Approved August 6 1914 Paragraph 1 of Section 7 of Article 6 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia as amended by the Act of the General Assembly approved July 30 1912 and duly ratified by the people according to law amended by striking from the proviso contained in said amendment the words except the City of Savannah I where they immediately follow the words having a population of over twenty thousand so that said proviso so amended by this amendment shall read as follows 1 Provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and of notary public exofficio justices of the peace in any city in this State having a population of over twenty thousand and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new court or courts or system of courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subject matter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and notaries 216 1 public exofificio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or to subject matter as may be provided by law whereof some other courts has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together also with such provision as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph 1 of Section 9 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Georgia See Acts 1914 Pages 3941 Approved July 29 1914 Article 11 Section 3 Paragraph 1 of the Constitution of Georgia amended by adding at the end of said paragraph the words and may abolish the office of county treasurer in any county so that said paragraph when so amended will read as follows towit Paragraph 1 County officers to be uniform Whatever tribunal or offices may hereafter be1 created by the General Assembly for the transaction of county matters shall be uniform throughout the State and of the same name jurisdiction and remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for the appointment of commissioners of roads and revenues in any county and may abolish the office of county treasurer in any county or fix the compensation of county treasurers and such compensation may be fixed without regard to uniformity of such compensation in the various counties See Acts 1914 Pages 4243 Approved August 14 1914 Section 2 of Paragraph 1 of Article 11 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia be and the same is hereby amended by striking the word two in the third line of said section and inserting in lieu thereof the word four so that said Section 2 when so amended shall read as follows The county officers shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their office for four years They shall be removed on conviction for malpractice in office and no person shall be eligible to any of the offices referred to in this paragraph unless he shall have been a resident of the county for two years and is a qualified voter provided that the provisions of this amendment shall not become effective until January 1st 1917 See Acts 1914 Pages 4344 Approved August 14 1914 217 Article 3 Section 4 Paragraph 1 of the Constitution of Georgia amended By striking from said Paragraph 1 the words until their successors are elected and inserting in lieu of said words in said Paragraph 1 the following words towit Until the time fixed by law for the convening of the next General Assembly1 And further by adding to said Paragraph 1 of said Section and Article the following words towit That the provisions of this Pargaraph Section and Article shall apply to the terms of the members of the General Assembly who are elected at the general election for members of the General Assembly in the year 1912 Said Paragraph 1 of said Section and Article shall read as follows That members of the General Assembly shall be elected for two years and shall serve until the time fixed by law for the convening of the next General Assembly That the provisions of this Paragraph Section and Article shall apply to the term of the members of the General Assembly who were elected at the general election for members of the General Assembly in the year 1912 See Acts 1914 Page 45 Approved August 14 1914 AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION 1916 Paragraph 2 Section 1 Article 2 of the Constitution of Georgia is amended in that portion of said paragraph which creates the County of Bacon as follows 1 That said County of Bacon is hereby declared to be a statutory county the General Assembly of the State of Georgia is hereby given the power by legislation to create local offices and local courts in the said county other than those provided for in this Constitution and it is further declared that the General Assembly shall have the same power to legislate in reference to said County of Bacon that it has now as to other counties in the State That all laws applicable to the counties in this State are hereby made to apply to the said County of Bacon That said County of Bacon is hereby authorized to create a bonded debt not to exceed one hundred thousand dollars 100000 for public improvements in said County of Bacon by the consent of the majority of the regular qualified voters of said County of Bacon voting at an election for that purpose That said election to create said debt shall be held under law how in force for creation of the debt See Acts 1916 pp 17 18 Approved August 18 1916 Section 2 Article 6 of the Constitution of this State is amended 218 by changing paragraphs 5 and 9 pf said section so they will read a follows 1 Paragraph 5 The Supreme Court shall have uo originaljurisdiction but shall be a court alone for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have teen or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases that involve the construction of the Constitution of the State of Georgia or of the United States or of treaties between the United States and foreigngovernments in all cases in which the constitutionality of any law of the State of Georgia or of the United States is drawn in question and until otherwise provided by law in all cases respecting titles to land in all equity cases in all cases which involve thevalidity of or the construction ofwills in all cases of conviction of a capital felony in all habeascorpus cases in all cases involving extraordinary remedies in all divorce and alimony cases and in all cases certified to it by the Court of Appeals for its determination It shall also be competent for the Supreme Court to require by certiorari or otherwise any case to be certified to the Supreme Court from the Court of Appeals for review and determination with the same power and authority as if the cas had been carried by writ of error to the Supreme Court Any case carried to the Supreme Court or to the Court of Appeals wiiich belongs to the class of which the other court has jurisdiction shall until otherwise provided by law be transferred to the other court under such rules as the Supreme Court may prescribe and the eases so transferred shall be heard and determined by the court which has jurisdiction thereof 2 Paragraph 9 shall be amended to read as follows 1 The Court of Appeals shall consist of the judges provided therefor by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment and of such additional judges as the General Assembly shall from time to time prescribe All terms of the judges of the Court of Appeals after the expiration of the terms of the judges provided for by law at the time of the ratification of the amendment except unexpired terms shall continue six years and until their successors are qualified The timeand manner of electing judges and the mode of filling a vacancy which causes an unexpired term shall be the same as are or may be provided for by the laws relating to the election and appointment of Justices of the Supreme Court The Court of Appeals shall havejurisdiction for the trial and correction of errors of law from thesuperior courts and from the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities and in all cases in which such jurisdiction has 219 not been conferred by this Constitution upon the Supreme Court and in such other cases as may hereafter be prescribed by law except that where a case is pending in the Court of Appeals and the Court of Appeals desires instruction from the Supreme Court it may certify the same to the Supreme Court and thereupon a transcript of the record shall be transmitted to the Supreme Court which after having afforded to the parties an opportunity to be heard thereon shall instruct the Court of Appeals on the question so certified and the Court of Appeals shall be bound by the instructions so given But if by reason of equal division of opinion among the Justices of the Supreme Court no such instruction is given the Court of Appeals may decide the question The manner of certifying questions to the Supreme Court by the Court of Appeals and the subsequent proceedings in regard to the same inthe Supreme Court shall be as the Supreme Court shall by its rules prescribe until otherwise provided by law No affirmance of the judgment of the court below in cases pending in the Court of Appeals shall result from delay in disposing of questions or cases certified from the Court of Appeals to the Supreme Court or as to which such certificate has been required by the Supreme Court as hereinbefore provided All writs of error in the Supreme Court or the Court of Appeals when received by its clerk during a term of the court and before the docket of the term is by order of the court closed shall be entered thereon when received at any other time shall be entered on the docket of the next term and they shall stand for hearing at the term for which they are so entered under such rules as the court may prescribe until otherwise provided by law The Court of Appeals shall appoint a clerk and a sheriff of the court The reporter of the Supreme Court shall be reporter of the Court of Appeals until otherwise provided by law The laws relating to the Supreme Court as to qualifications and salaries of judges the designation of other judges to preside when members of the court are disqualified the powers duties salaries fees and terms of officers the mode of carrying cases to the court the powers practice procedure times of sitting and costs of the court the publication of reports of cases decided therein and in all other respects except as otherwise provided in this Constitution or by the laws as to the Court of Appeals at the time of the ratification of this amendment and until otherwise provided by law shall apply to the Court of Appeals so far as they can be made to apply The decisions of the Supreme Court shall bind the Court of Appeals as precedents 1 See Acts 1916 pages 19 20 21 Approved August 19 1916 220 Paragraph 1 Section 13 Article 6 of the Constitution of the State of Georgia as amended by the Act of the General Assembly approved August 3rd 1910 and duly ratified by the people according to law is amended by inserting the words Clarke Floyd Sumter and Muscogee in the proviso contained in said amendment between the words the counties of and the word Bibb so that said proviso so amended by this amendment shall read as follows Provided however that the Counties of Clarke Floyd Sumter Muscogee Bibb Chatham Fulton and Richmond shall pay from their respective county treasuries to the superior court judges of the circuit of which they are a part and the County of Fulton to the judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit or the judge of such other circuit as may hereafter be required to regularly preside therein for additional services rendered in the Superior Court of Fulton County such sums as will with the salaries paid each judge from the State Treasury make a salary of 500000 per annum to each judge and said payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of such counties such payment to be made to the judges now in office as well as their successors See Acts 1916 pages 23 24 Approved August 8 1916 Paragraph 2 Section 13 Article 6 of the Constitution of Georgia is amended by adding at the end of said paragraph 2 the ofllowing words Provided however that the General Assembly shall have power at any time by a majority vote of each branch to abolish the fees accruing to the office of solicitorgeneral in any particular judicial circuit and in lieu thereof to prescribe a salary for such office in addition to the salary prescribed in paragraph 1 of this section of this article and without regard to the uniformity of such salaries in the various circuits and shall have the further power to determine what disposition shall be made of the fines forfeitures and fees accruing to the office of solicitorgeneral in any such judicial circuit where the fees are abolished so that said paragraph 2 of said section of said article when so amended will read as follows Paragraph 2 The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such change shall affect the officers then in commission provided however that the General Assembly shall have power at any time by a majority vote of each branch to abolish the fees at present accruing to the office of solicitorgeneral in any particular judicial circuit and in lieu thereof to prescribe a salary for such office in addition to the salary prescribed in paragraph 1 of this section of this article and without re 221 gard to the uniformity of such salaries in the various circuits and shall have the further power to determine what disposition shall be made of the fines forfeitures and fees accruing to the office of solicitorgeneral in any such judicial circuit where the fees are abolished n See Acts 1916 pages 25 26 Approved August 18 1916 INDEX to the CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA NoteReference in the Index are made to the Article Section Paragraph of the provision referred to the original division of the strument being strictly followed Absent members of Legislature attendance of compelled 3 4 Abuse under arrest or in prison prohibited 1 1 Of liberty of speech or press responsibility for 1 1 Academy incorporated exempt from taxation 7 2 Acceptors suits against where tried 6 16 Account of Treasurer to be published quarterly 3 7 Accusation copy to be furnished defendant on demand 1 1 Acts amending or repealing must describe the law affected 3 7 Local and private authority of 12 1 Must be signed by President of Senate and Speaker of House 3 7 Requiring twothirds voteyeas and nays must be recorded 3 7 Adjournment of Legislature by less than a majority 3 4 Consent of both Houses required when 3 7 Houses failing to agree Governor may adjourn them 3 7 Resolutions of not submitted to Governor 5 1 Ad valorem Tax on property shall be 7 2 Aged and infirm persons entitled to Homestead 9 1 Aid of State to any religious denomination prohibited 1 1 To any person or corporation by lending credit or taking stock prohibited 7 5 To any person or corporation by donation or gra tuity prohibited 7 16 Aid of County or City to person or corporation prohibited 7 6 Amendments to Appropriation and Revenue bills by Senate 3 7 and in P 4 9 15 2 5 11 5 17 4 13 21 4 24 24 17 1 1 14 1 1 1 10 223 AmendmentsContinued A s p To Constitution 13 1 1 To statue or code form of amendment act 3 7 17 Animals special tax may be imposed on vicious ones v 2 1 Appeal from one jury to another in Superior and City Courts i 6 4 6 From Ordinary to Superior Court 661 From Justice of the Peace to Jury or Superior Court 6 7 2 Appellate Jurisdiction of the Superior Court 6 4 4 Appointment of Legislator to another office prohibited 3 4 7 By Governor to fill vacancies 5 1 14 Rejected by Senate effect of 5 1 15 Of State School Commissioner 8 2 1 Apportionment of Representatives how changed 3 3 2 Appropriation Acts authority of 12 1 3 Bills general and special 3 9 Bills must originate in House of Representatives 3 7 10 Bills yeas and nays must be recorded on 3 7 12 Bills may be approved in part 5 1 16 Necessary to authorize payment by Treasurer 3 7 11 For University of Georgia and College for colored pupils I 8 6 1 Approval of Governor to Bills J 5 1 16 Of Governor to Resolutions and Orders 5 1 17 Arms right of citizens to bearmanner of bearing 1 1 22 Army of the State Governor is Commander of 5 1 11 Arrest abuse under prohibited 1 1 9 Punishment for rescue from under order either House 3 7 2 Privilege of Elector from 2 3 1 Privilege of member Legislature from 3 7 3 Artificial limbs for Confederate soldiers 7 1 1 Assemble right of people to do so guaranteed 1 1 24 Associate Justice of Supreme Court 6 2 1 Atlanta City Court of errors corrected in Supreme Court 6 2 5 Attainder bill of prohibited 1 3 2 Attendance of members of the Legislature compelled 3 4 4 Attendance of members of Legislature privileges during 3 7 3 124 A S F Attorney right to defend or proseeute by 114 Eight of Defendant in criminal eases to have 1 1 5 General election of 6 10 1 General duties 6 10 2 General salary 6 13 1 General qualifications 6 14 1 Authority of Constitution treaties laws judgments etc 12 1 B Bail shall not be excessive 11 9 Ballot election by the people shall be by 2 1 1 Banishment beyond the State prohibited 1 1 7 Banks may be incorporated by the Legislature 3 7 18 Bequests may be received by the University of Georgia 8 6 1 Bills number of readings necessary before passage 3 7 7 Majority of all members in favor of necessary to passage 3 7 14 Eejected not again proposed without consent of twothirds 3 7 13 Appropriation and Revenue must originate in House 3 7 10 Appropriations general and spcial requisites of 3 7 9 Appropriations must be passed by yeas and nays 3 7 12 Revision of by Governor Vetohow overruled 5 1 16 See I Local Bills also Acts Bond required of Secretary of Senate and Clerk of House 3 8 1 Required of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer 5 2 6 Required of Public Printer 7 17 1 Bonded debt not to be increased 7 12 1 Sale of States property to be applied to 7 13 1 Of county or city provisions for meeting 7 7 2 Bonds in cases involving an interested Judge cannot preside 6 2 3 Of State declared void not to be paid or submitted to suit 7 11 1 Of Western Atlantic Railroad paid by proceeds of Road 7 13 1 Boundaries of counties to remain as now till changed bylaw 11 1 1 Bribery Conviction of disqualifies for office or voting 2 2 1 Bridges established by the Courts not Legislature 3 7 18 225 A S P Bridges Ordinarys jurisdiction in matter of 6 6 2 Bridges taxation by county to keep up 7 6 2 Borrowing money by State laws for must specify pur 7 4 1 pOSe Buildings public exempt from taxation 7 2 2 Public tax by county to maintain 7 6 2 Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2 Burial places exempt from tax 7 2 2 t 0 anal Companies may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18 Capital location of ordinance concerning 12 1 8 Capital site for may be donated to the State 7 6 1 Censure of members of Legislature for misconduct 3 7 1 Certiorari writs of may be issued by Judge Superior Court 6 4 5 Challenge of voter oath t be administerd 2 1 2 Conviction of sending or accepting disqualifies for officei 2 4 2 Charitable institutions public exempt from taxation 7 2 2 Public aid from county r city 7 6 1 Charter of Corporations amended on conditions 4 2 3 hief Justice f Supreme Court presides in impeachment trialssee Supreme Court 3 5 4 Children legitimatized and names changed by the Courts 3 7 18 Church not to receive money from the Stat 1 1 14 Citizens of the Stat who are and right to protection 11 25 Of the State entitled to vote when 2 1 2 City aid by donation r taking stock prohibited 7 6 1 Consent bfore Strt Bailrd can be built in 3 7 20 Courts of the State need not be uniform 6 9 1 Court appeals and nw trials in 6 4 6 Court errors corrected in Supreme Court 6 2 5 Court Judge may serve in Suprein Court when 6 5 1 Debtto be incurred by limited 7 7 1 Dbt bonded provisions f r meeting 7 7 2 Debt not to be assumed by Statevrv 7 8 1 Debt to be incurred only by authority of City Government 7 10 1 Public schools may be maintained by tax 8 41 Civil authority superior to the military 1 1 19 Cases where tried 6 16 6 226 Civil AuthorityContinued A s P Cases judgmentby Court without Jury when 6 4 7 Cases venue how changed 6 17 1 Jurisdiction of Superior Court 6 4 3 Jurisdiction of Justices Court 6 7 2 Clerical expenses of Treasurer Secretary of State and ComptrollerGeneral 5 22 34 Clerk of House of Representatives Compensation and Bond of 3 8 1 Clerks of tne Governor j 5 l 19 Code sections not amended or repealed by reference to numbers 3 7 17 Colleges exempt from taxation 7 2 2 For colored pupils8 6 1 Colored pupils College for 8 6 1 Colored and white public Schools to be separate 8 1 1 Commissioner of Schools appointed and salary of 8 2 1 Commissioners of county affairs authorized 6 19 1 Commissioners of county affairs authorized 11 3 1 Committee on Local and Special bills 3 7 5 Common Law Courts may be clothed with equity jurisdiction 6 5 2 Common School systemsee Education 8 1 1 Commutation power in the Governor 5 1 12 Tax for military services goes to Schools 8 3 1 Companies incorporation of 3 7 18 Volunteer military organization of 10 1 2 Compensation for private ways and public use of property 13 1 Of Clerk of House and Secretary of Senate 3 8 1 Of Jurors hoW fixed 6 18 Extra notbe granted officers or contractors 7 16 2 Competition arrangements by corporations to defeat void 424 ComptrollerGeneral must license Life Insurance ComJ panics g 2 2 Supervise deposits of Life Insurance Companies 3 12 3 Officers of Executive Department 5 1 1 Examination suspension and discharge of 5 i 18 i Election of v 5 2 1 Salary and Clerks hire 5 2 4 Eligibility and Bond of 5 2 6 227 ComptrollerGeneralContinued A s P Perquisites not allowed to 5 2 7 Must report to Governor 7 15 1 Confederate Soldiers pensions for 7 1 1 Public debt not to be paid 7 11 1 Conscience right of not to be controlled 1 1 12 Liberty of does not excuse licentiousness 1 1 13 Consent of parties to vary general law in individual cases 4 1 City to building Street Railroads within its limits 3 7 20 Constitution of Georgia may be altered or abolished by the people 1 5 1 Authority of dSf 12 1 2 Amendments of 13 1 1 Amendments by Convention 13 1 2 To be submitted to the people 13 2 1 And United Stateslaws in violation of void 14 2 And United States authority of 12 1 1 constitutional Convention provisions to call 13 1 2 Construction of Constitution not to deny rights not enumerated 1 5 5 Contempt limitation of Courts power to punish for 1 1 20 Either House of General Assembly may punish for 3 7 2 Contested Election for Governor 5 16 Contracts laws impairing obligation of void 13 2 By Government releasing power to tax void 4 1 1 By Government heretofore made not impaired 4 2 6 Between corporations defeat competition void 4 2 4 Judgments on without verdict when 6 4 7 Jurisdiction of Justices Courts in cases of d 7 2 Contractor not to rceive extra compensation from Government 7 16 2 Conventionsee Constitutional Convention and Ordinances Conviction costs not to be exacted of defendant until 1 1 10 Does not work corruption or forfeiture 1 2 3 Of certain offenses disfranchises 2 2 1 Impeachment vote necessary 3 5 4 Dueling disqualifies for offiee 2 4 2 Copartners suits against where tried 6 16 4 Coroners County Tax to pay 7 6 2 228 A S P Corporate powers what may be granted by Legislature 3 7 18 Corporators not to be damaged by revocation of charter 1 3 3 Corporations subject to police power and eminent domain 422 Legislation in favor of conditional 4 2 3 Acts of to defeat competition and monopolize void 4 2 4 Eights to tax not to be released 7 2 5 State not to take stock in aid or lend eredit to 7 5 1 County or City not to take stock in aid or lend eredit to 7 6 1 Donations to from State prohibited 7 16 1 Authority of rights already accrued to 12 1 5 Municipal see City1 Costs not payable by defendant till conviction 1 1 10 In Supreme Court 6 21 1 County Commissioners may be created Debt to be incurred bv limited 7 7 Debt not to be assumed by State 7 8 1 Debt bonded provisions for meeting 7 7 2 Not to aid or take stocx in Corporation 7 6 1 Public Schools may be maintained by 8 4 1 Matters Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2 Officers election term qualification and removal 11 2 1 Officers and tribunals to be uniform in the State 11 3 1 Is a body corporate suits of and boundaries ll 1 1 New one not to be created 11 1 2 Lines and site how changed 11 1 34 Merger of 11 1 5 Special acts authority of 12 1 4 Corruption of blood not worked by conviction 123 Courts power to punish for contempt limited 1 1 20 Power in matters denied to Legislature 3 7 18 Of the State 6 1 1 Not mentioned in Constitution may be abolished 6 20 7 Of Common Law may be vested with equity jurisdiction 6 4 2 Of same grade throughout State must be uniform 6 9 1 Courts tax to pay expenses of 7 6 2 Jurisdiction against Homestead denied 9 2 1 Authority of judgments and decrees of 12 1 5 229 CourtsContinued A S P Existing judgments and decrees of ratified 12 1 6 See also Supreme Superior City and Justice Courts Credit of State not to be pledged to Corporations or persons 7 5 1 Creditors law to be provided for reaching concealed property of debtor 1 2 6 Not to be damaged by revocation of Charter 1 3 3 Crime conviction in what cases disfranchises 2 2 1 Lobbying declared to be 155 Criminal cases Jury judges of law and fact 1 2 1 Judge may grant new trial on conviction 1 2 1 Jurisdiction of Superior Court 6 41 Bights of defendant in 1 15 Wherp tried 6 16 6 Yenuer when changed 6 17 1 D Damages jurisdiction of Justices Courts in cases of 6 7 1 Death of Governor vacancy how filled 5 1 8 Officer vacancy how filled y 5 1 14 Debate liability of Legislators for words spoken in 3 7 3 Debts Public taxation to pay 711 Public new debt contracted to pay 7 3 1 Power of State to contract restricted 7 3 1 Of County taxation to pay 7 6 2 Power of City or County to contract restricted 7 7 1 To be incurred by City only bn authority of City Government 7 10 1 Of County or City not to be assumed by State 7 8 1 Void and Confederate against State not to be paid 7 11 1 Debtor Concealing Property provisions against 1 2 6 May waive Hbmestead 9 3 1 May waive Exemptions of the old Code 9 5 1 Decrees of Court authority and ratification of 12 1 56 Defaulters of public moneys disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7 Defend or prosecute in person or by attorney right to 1 1 4 Defense under oath not filed Court to render judgment when 6 4 7 Of State debts may be contracted for 7 3 1 Deficiency of Bevenue in State supplied by borrowing 7 3 1 Of Bevenue in iCty and County supplied by borrowing 7 7 1 230 A S P Deposit required of Insurance Companies 3 12 Of public funds Treasurer to receive no profit from 5 2 5 Disabilities may be removed by Governor 5 1 12 Discrimination in Tariff by Railroad regulated 4 2 1 Disorderly behavior in presence of Legislature punished 3 7 12 Disqualification to hold office or vote 2 2 1 Religious opinionis not 1 1 13 To hold office inmore than one department 1 1 13 Of illegal holders of public money 2 4 1 Of Duelists 2 4 2 For Legislature and of legislator to other office 3 4 7 Resulting from impeacnment 3 5 5 Of Judge oi Supreme Court who presides 6 2 2 Judge of Superior Court who presides 6 4 9 Judge of Superior Court when there is a City judge 6 5 1 Of interested Judge in bond cases 6 2 3 district Senatorial number composition and change Of 321 23 Divorce exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1 First and second verdicts in cases of 6 15 12 Suits where tried 6 16 1 Domestic animals of vicious nature special tax on 7 2 1 Animals tax on goes to educational purposes 8 1 1 Donations by State prohibited A 7 16 1 By State to University allowed i 8 6 1 Drawer and Acceptor suitsagainst where tried 8 16 5 Dueling conviction of disqualifies for office 2 2 E Education Common School Svstem established 8 1 1 Commissioner of Public Schools 8 2 1 Confined to English in local public schools 7 6 2 2 Confined to English in State public schools 811 Poll Tax far purposes of 7 2 3 Special Tax for purposes of 8 3 1 r Taxation for purposes of by State 7 1 1 Taxation for purposes of byCity or County 7 6 2 Appropriations for purposes of by City or County 7 6 1 Election by the people shall be by ballot 2 1 1 By the Legislature shall be viva voce 3 10 1 Days furnishing Liquor on prohibited 2 5 1 Privilege of Electors while attending2 3 1 Precincts changed by Courts not Legisalture 3 7 18 231 ElectionContinued A S P Returns where made 261 Of members General Assembly 3 4 2 Members General Assembly each house to judge of 3 7 1 President of the Senate 3 5 2 Speaker of the House of Representatives 3 6 2 v Governor 513 Governor returns how made 5 1 4 Returns opened and published 5 1 5 Governor by General Assembly J 5 1 5 Contested 516 Special 5 1 9 To fill vacancies in General Assembly 5 1 13 Of Secretary of State CompGen 1 and Treasurer 5 2 1 Judges of Supreme Court 6 2 4 Judges of Superior Court6 3 2 Judges of Supreme Superior Courts and SolGen1 6 12 1 Justices of the Peace 6 7 3 AttorneyGeneral 6 10 1 By City or County on creating a new Debt 7 7 1 City or County on School question 8 4 1 To change County Site 11 14 Merge one County into another 11 1 5 Election of County officers 11 2 1 On amendments to Constitution 13 1 1 Ratification of Constitution13 2 1 Electors who shall be so deemed 2 1 2 Registration of may be provided for 2 2 1 Privileges of while attending elections 2 3 1 Embezzlement of public funds disfranchises 2 2 Eminent Domain not to be abridged in favor of Corporations H 4 2 2 Encumbrances Homestead liable for removal of 9 2 1 Endorsers suits against where tried 6 16 5 Equal Rights not to be infringed by Corporations 4 2 1 Equity Cases where tried 6 16 3 Jurisdiction is in Superior Court 6 4 1 Jurisdiction may be conferred on Common Daw Courts i 6 4 2 Errors in Superior and City Courts corrected in Supreme Court y 6 2 5 Of inferior judicatories corrected by Certiorari 6 4 5 232 A S P Estate not forfeited by Conviction 1 2 3 Excessive Bail and Fines forbidden 119 Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments an distinct i 1 1 23 Department officers of 4 5 1 1 Department officers of report suspension and removal of 5 1 18 Dowers vested in Governor 5 1 2 Exemption from Taxation and void Exemption 7 22 45 From nievy and Saler 9 1 1 From Levy and Sale waiver of 9 3 1 From Levy and Sale under Debtors Act not repealed 9 4 1 From Levy and Sale under Debtors Act waiver 9 5 1 Exhibitions special tax on goes to Public Schools 8 3 1 Expense of Clerks and Secretaries to Governor 5 1 18 Of Clerks of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer 5 22 34 Ex Post Facto Law not to be passed 1 3 2 Express Companies chartered by Legislature 3 7 18 Expulsion of Member of General Assembly for misconduct 3 7 1 Extra session of Legislature before November 1st 1878 8 4 3 Sessions of Legislature may be called by Governor 5 1 13 Compensation not to be allowed by Government 716 2 P Family each Head of entitled to Homestead 9 1 1 Fees not allowed officers of Executive Department 5 2 7 Not allowed AttorneyGeneral 6 13 1 Felony exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1 Females persons having care of entitled to Homestead 91 1 Ferries established by Courts not Legislature 3 7 18 Ordinarys jurisdiction concerning 6 6 2 Fines imposed must not be excessive 1 1 9 Imposer on member of Legislature for misconduct 3 7 1 Fire Insurance Companies deposit required of 3 12 4 Foreign Power Governor to receive no Emolment from 5 1 2 Forfeiture of Estate not brought about by conviction 12 3 Of Recognizance relieved against when 7 19 Of Charter remitted only on conditions 4 2 3 233 A S P Fraud Legislature may provide Punishment for 1 2 6 Judgments attacked for 12 1 5 Free Schoolssee Education 3 1 1 Freight on Railroads subject to regulation by law 4 2 1 Rebate not allowed nor deceit as to amount charged 4 2 5 Furniture Waiver of Exemption not good against all 9 3 1 Funds of county Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2 Of Public officers not to profit fro muse of 7 9 1 Sinking provided for 7 14 1 g GENERAL ASSEMBLY Consisting of Senate and House is the Legislative power 31 1 Members of elected for two years 3 4 1 Election when held 1 4 2 Election returns where made 2 6 1 Attendance or required t 3 4 4 Oath of v 3 4 5 Who are disqualified to be 3 4 7 Disqualified for certain other offices 3 4 7 Not to profit from use of public funds 7 9 1 Not to be interested in public printing 7 17 1 Seats of vacated by removal 3 4 8 Punished for misconduct in each House 3 7 1 Privileges of 3 7 3 Per diem and mileage of 3 9 1 Majority of all necessary to passage of bill 3 7 14 Officers of who are 381 Quorum of to transact business3 4 4 Adjournment by less than a quorum 3 4 4 Adjournment for more than three days etc 3 37 24 Elections by shall be viva voee3 10 1 Of Judges of Supreme Court by 1st election 6 2 4 Of Judges of Superior Court by 1st election 6 3 2 Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts and SolieitorsGeneral 6 121 Of Governor by when 5 1 5 Of Governor contested determined by 5 1 6 May pardon commute or reprieve fortreason 5 1 12 JJay direct affixing of the Great Seal 5 3 1 Sessions of are annual 3 4 3 234 General AssemblyContinued a s Of limited to 50 days 3 4 Of extra may be called by Governor 5 1 Of joint held in Representative Hall 3 10 Each House of may compel attendance of members 3 4 Is judge of elec n and qualificat n of its members 3 7 May punish for misconduct 3 7 Must keep a Journal 3 7 Has general power of legislation 3 7 HAS POWER BY LAW TO Provide punishment for fraud 1 2 For registration of voters 2 2 For removal Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer 5 1 For appeals in Superior and City Courts 6 4 For appointments of Judge pro hac vice 6 4 Commissioners for county affairs 6 19 For organizing the Militia 10 1 Prescribe manner of bearing arms 1 1 Number of Jurors in Inferior Courts 6 18 Who shall vote on School questions 8 4 Change Senatorial Districts when 3 2 Apportionment of Representatives 3 3 Governors Salary by twothirds vote 5 1 Salaries of Judges Attorneys and SolicitorsGen eral 6 13 Substitute another officer for School Commissioner 8 2 Establish Courts 6 1 Abolish Courts pot named in Constitution 6 20 Confer Equity jurisdiction on Common Law Courts 6 4 Authorize formation of Yolunteer Companies 10 1 Require Fire Insurance Companies to make deposit 3 12 Subject corporate property to public use when 4 2 Sell State s property 7 13 Make donations to University of Georgia 8 6 Make donations to College for colored people 8 6 Amend Constitution in manner provided 13 1 Call Constitutional Convention as provided 13 1 SHALL BY LAW Limit power of Courts to punish for Contempt 1 1 Protect citizens in their right 1 1 Provide penalty against Lottery Agents 1 2 235 p 6 13 1 4 1 12 4 22 6 1 18 6 9 1 1 22 1 1 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 4 1 1 1 1 1 2 20 25 4 General AssemblyContinued A s P Provide penalty against Lobbying 1 2 5 Prohibit furnishing Liquor on election days 3 5 1 Provide penalty against Treasurer receiving unlaw ful fee 5 2 5 Provide for reaching concealed property of Debtor 12 6 Compel Insurance Companies to report to Governor 3 12 5 Eegulate Freight and Passenger Tariff 4 2 1 Enforce provisions against monopolies etc 4 2 7 Establish uniformity in local tribunals 6 9 1 Provide for selection and compensation of jurors 6 18 23 A sinking fund 7 14 1 For letting Public Printing to highest bidder 7 17 1 Setting apart and valuation of Homestead 9 4 1 For appeals in Superior and City Courts 6 4 6 SHALL NOT PASS ANY LAW To restrain or curtail liberty of speech or press 1 1 15 Respecting social status of citizens 1 1 18 Of Attainder ex post facto impairing contareis 1 3 2 Making irrevocable grants of special privileges 1 3 2 To revoke grants to injury of creditors of corporators 1 3 3 Of special nature when general law provides 1 4 1 Varying general law affecting private rights without consent 1 4 1 In violation of Constitution of Georgia or the United States 1 4 2 Referring to more than one matter or different form title 3 7 8 Incorporating companies except for class named 3 7 18 Relieving against recognizances except as stated 3 7 19 Authorizing Street Railroad in city without citys consent 3 7 20 For benefit of particular corporations except on conditions 4 2 3 Authorizing one corporation to buy stock in another County or City to aid persons or corporations 7 6 1 Payment of void bonds or Confederate debts 7 11 I Granting donation or gratuity to persons or corporations 7 16 1 Extra compensation to officer or contractors 7 16 2 See Tax 236 a s r God may be worshipped according to dictates of conscience 1 1 12 Governor an officer of the Executive Department 5 1 1 Executive powers vested in 5 1 2 Salary term and limitations of terms of office 5 1 2 Election installation and terms of election of i 5 1 14 Of by the Legislature when 5 1 5 Qualification and oath of 5 17 10 Death resignation or disability of 5 1 8 Secretary and Clerks of 5 1 19 Is Commander of the Army and Conservator of the Peace 5 11 fl May adjourn the Legislature when 3 7 24 Call Extra Session of the Legislature 5 1 13 Direct affixing of the Great Seal 5 3 1 Pardon reprieve commute and remit penalties 5 1 12 Remove disabilities 5 1 12 With the Treasurer loan the Sinking Fund 7 14 1 Require services of AttorneyGeneral 6 10 2 Shall order elections to fill vacancies in Legislature 5 1 13 Fill vacancies in other offices 5 1 14 Offices of Judges and SolicitorsGeneral 6 12 1 Appoint State School Commissioner 8 2 1 Judge to preside in Supreme Court when 6 2 2 Commission Notaries Public exOffieio Justices of Peace 6 8 1 Examine and Publish Report of Comptroller and Treasurer 7 15 1 Proclaim result of Election on Constitution 13 2 2 Cannot appoint member of Legislature to office 3 4 7 A person rejected by Senate when 5 1 15 Has revision of bills and resolutions of Legislature 5 1 17 Supervision over Executive officers 5 1 18 Government originates with people duty of 1 1 12 Exclusive right of the people to regulate 1 5 1 Legislative Executive and Judicial Departments district 1 1 23 Support of by taxation 7 1 1 Grants limiting power to tax void 4 1 1 Irrevocable of special privileges void 1 3 2 Not to be revoked so as to work injustice 1 3 3 237 A S P Great Seal of the State use and device of 5 3 1 Guardian of minors entitled to Homestead 9 1 1 H Habeas Corpus Writ shall not be suspended 1 1 11 Head of family entitled to Homestead 9 11 Homestead and Exemption to whom allowed and amount of 9 1 1 Not subject to levy and sale 9 2 1 Waiver and sale of 9 3 1 Setting apart of to be provided for 9 4 1 Supplemental 9 6 1 Already allowed good against old debt 9 7 1 Ordinance effect of 12 1 8 Of 1868 sales of confirmed 9 8 1 Of 1868 sales and reinvestments of 9 9 1 Under Debtors Act not repealed 9 4 1 Under Debtors Act Waiver of 9 5 1 House secure from search except as provided 1 1 16 Soldiers not to be quartered in except as provided 1 119 Of Representativessee Representatives Household furniture waiver of exemption on 9 3 1 Husbands debts wifes property not liable for 3 11 1 I Idiots disqualified to vote or hold office 2 2 1 Immunities special not to be irrevocably granted 13 2 Not to be revoked so as to work justice 1 3 3 Impeachment power in House of Representatives 3 6 3 Power to tryin the Senate 3 5 3 r Chief Justice to preside at trial of 3 5 4 i Vote necessary to convict 3 5 4 Bt Effectof conviction 3 5 5 Governor cannot pardon in case of o 1 12 Imprisonment abuse under forbidden 1 1 9 For debt prohibited 1 1 21 For misbehavior in presence ofLegislature 3 7 12 Improvement on Homestead is part of 9 2 1 Indictment copy to be furnished defendant on demand 1 1 5 Inferior Judicatories errors of corrected by Certiorari 6 4 5 Infirm persons entitled to Homestead v 9 1 1 238 a s p Inherent rights not enumerated and not denied 1 jJSuxtZ Insane persons not entitled to vote or hold office 2 2 1 Inspection byGovernor of Executive Officers 5 1 18 Installation of Governor v a 5 1 3 Insurance Department expense of At Companies to make reports to Governor M 3 121 5 Chartered by Legislature Afe8 3T 18 Fire deposit made with Treasury 3 12 4 Foreign and Home Life deposits required 3 12 13 Foreign Life ComptrollerGeneral to license 3 12 2 Interest on Public Debt taxation authorized to pay 7 1 1 Intoxicating drinks not to be furnished on election days 2 5 1 Insurrection and invasion in time of Bills may pass 077 x summarily mm I 0 7 1 Tax to suppress vi Bonded debt incurred to suppress 7 12 1 Debts contracted to suppress 7 3 1 Contracted by city or county to suppress assumed by State 7 8 1 Invasionsee Insurrection Investment of funds raised by sale of homestead 3 1 Irrevocable grants of special privileges void 1 3 2 J Jeopardy more than once for same offense prohibited 118 Joint obligors suit against where tried 6 16 4 Owner in property State shall not become 7 5 1 Journal each House of the General Assembly shall keep 3 7 4 Original preserved in the office of Secretary of State 3 7 5 Yeas and nays to be recorded in at request of one fifth 3 7 6 Yeas and nays to be recorded in when twothirds vote is required Y 3 7 21 Must show majority of all members voted for bills passed 7 14 Must contain proposed amendments to Constitution 13 1 1 Of House must contain vote of elections by Legislature 3 JO 1 Judge disqualified to preside in bond cases if interested in the bonds 6 2 3 Pro hae vice Legislature may authorize 6 4 9 May grant new trials in cases of conviction 1 2 1 1 See SuprMe Suprir and City Courts 239 A S P Judicial Legislative and Executive Departments distinct 4 j 23 Powers of the State where vested 0 1 2 Judiciary to declare unconstitutional acts void 1 4 Judgment of Impeachment extent of 3 5 5 Of Supreme Court may be withheld one term 6 2 7 Without verdict of Jury when 0 4 7 Of Courts authority of 12 1 5 Heretofore rendered ratified 12 1 0 Jurisdiction of Supreme Court 0 2 5 Of Superior Court 0 4 4 Of Superior Court Appellate 6 4 4 Of Ordinary 6 6 1 Of Ordinary County matters 6 6 2 Of Justices of the Peace 0 7 2 Against Homestead denied 9 2 1 Jury right of trial by an impartial 4 j g Eight of trial by Guaranteed 6 18 1 Judges of law and fact in criminal cases 1 2 1 Appeal from one to another in Superior and City Courts 0 4 g From Justice of the Peace to 0 7 2 Grand to recommend Commissioned Notary for appointment g g 1 Grand and Traverse selection and qualification of 6 18 2 Compensation of how fixed 0 is 3 Tax by county to pay 7 g 2 Justice of the Peace may be member of Legislature 3 4 7 Part of Judiciary g 4 4 Election Commission and removal of 0 7 3 Term of g j Jurisdiction Sessions and Appeals 0 7 2 ExOfficio g g j K Kitehen furniture waiver of exemption of 9 3 4 L Labor done on Homestead Homestead is liable for 9 2 1 Land cases involving title to brought in Superior Court 6 4 1 Cases involving title to tried at what place 6 10 2 Homestead and Exemption on 9 4 4 240 A S P Larceny conviction of disfranchises 2 2 1 Law due process of required to affect rights of persons 113 Laws of general nature must have uniform operation 1 4 1 Of general nature affecting private rights how varied 1 4 1 Unconstitutional are void 1 4 2 For more than one matter or different from title void 3 7 8 Majority vote of all members necessary to pass 3 7 14 For tax shall be general 7 2 1 Not repealed or amended by reference to title alone 3 7 17 For borrowing money must be specific 7 41 To change County lines must be a general law 11 1 3 Of general operation 12 Of United States authority of 12 1 1 Of Georgia authority of 12 1 3 Local and special authority of 12 1 4 See iLocal also General Assembly Learning Seminaries of exempt from taxation 7 2 2 Legislative power is in the General Assembly 3 1 1 Executive and Judicial Departments distinct 1 1 23 LegislatureSee General Assembly Legitimate Children power in Courts 3 7 18 Levy and Sale exemptions from 9 1 1 Libels in prosecutions for truth may be given in evidence V 1 2 1 Liberty person to be deprived of only by due process of law y 113 Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense 1 1 Of Conscience not to be controlled 1 1 12 Of speech or press not to be curtailed 1 1 15 Libraries Public may be exempt from taxation 7 2 2 Licentiousness not excused on account of liberty of Conscience 1 1 1 13 Life person not to be deprived of but by due process of law 1 1 3 Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense 1 1 8 Crimes involving jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1 See Insurance Lines of County to be changed under operation of general law 11 1 3 241 A S P Liquor special tax on for Educational purposes 8 3 1 Not to be furnished on Election days 2 5 1 List of witnesses to be furnished defendant on demand 1 1 5 Litigation tax by County to pay expenses of 7 6 2 Literary Associations may be exempt fromtaxation 7 2 2 Loans to State for casual deficiencies of revenue V V 3 I County or City for canal deficiencies of revenue r7 7 7 1 Of sinking Fund by Governor and Treasurer 7 14 1 Lobbying is a crime Legislature miist provide a penalty 1 2 5 Publication of before passed Vi 3 7 16 Acts authority of V V 12 1 4 School Systems existing not affected hereby 8 5 1 Lottery Tickets sale of prohibited 1 2 4 Sj Macon and Brunswick Railroad if sold proceeds where applied i 7 13 1 Majority of each branch of Legislature constitute quo rum K 3 4 4 Of all members of each House necessary to pass bill 3 7 14 Malfeasance in office disfranchises 2 2 1 Malpractice in office by Justice of the Peace removal for 6 7 3 Mandamus issued by Judge of Superior Court 6 4 5 Marriage does not divest wife of her property 3 11 s Material furnished Homestead it is liable for 9 2 1 Matter different from title not to be contained in bill 3 7 8 Members of General Assemblysee General Assem bly Merger of counties 11 1 5 Message of Governor 5 1 13 Mileage of the members of the General Assembly 3 9 1 Military authority subordinate to Civil 1 1 19 Commission except in Militia disqualifies for Legislature 3 4 7 Service commutation for goes tp Public Schools 8 3 1 Companies Volunteer organizations 10 1 2 Companies Volunteer paid only when called by State 10 1 3 Militia officers may be members of Legislature 3 4 7 Governor is commanderinchief of tt 5 1 11 District one Justice of the Peace for each 6 7 1 i4i MillitiaContinued A s P District one commissioned Notary for each 6 8 1 Organization of may be provided for 10 1 1 Paid only when called out by State 10 1 3 Minors family of entitled to Homestead 9 1 1 Ministerial officer not to levy on Homestead 9 2 1 Misconduct of member of Legislature how punished 3 7 1 Mistrial in criminal cases authorizes a second trial 1 1 8 Money not to be donated by State to any church etc 1 1 14 Illegal holders of public disqualified for office 2 4 1 Public defaulters of disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7 Authority and manner of drawing from Treasury 3 7 11 Borrowed by State laws for and use of 7 4 1 Monopoly provisions against 4 2 4 Municipal Corporationsee City N Names of children changed by Courts 3 7 18 Navigation Companies chartered by Legislature 3 7 18 Navy of State Governor is Commander of 5 1 11 New trial in criminal cases authorizes second trial 1 1 8 In criminal cases may be granted on conviction 1 2 1 May be granted by Superior and City Court 6 4 6 Counties not to be formed 11 1 2 Notaries Public commissioned part of Judiciary 6 1 1 Appointment commission and powers 6 8 1 Novation of charter what shall so operate 4 2 3 O Oath of voter if challenged 2 12 Of member of General Assembly 3 4 5 Of Governor 5 1 10 To pleas 6 4 7 Obligation of contracts not to be impaired by law 1 3 2 Of contracts heretofore made byState binding 4 2 6 Office illegal holders of public money ineligible for 2 4 1 Who may not hold 2 2 1 Impeachment removes from and disqualifies for 3 5 5 Profiting from use of public money disqualifies for 7 9 1 Conviction of Dueling disqualifies for 2 4 2 Beligiotxs opinion does not disqualify for 1 1 13 243 OfficeContinued a s P In gift of Governor or Legislature legislator disqualified for 3 4 7 Malfeasance in disfranchises v 2 2 1 Officers are trustees of the people and amendable to them 1 1 1 Of one department disqualifiedto act in another 1 1 23 Returns of election of where made 2 6 1 Of State or the United States disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7 Of Militia or Justice of the Peace may be legislator 3 4 7 Of General Assembly who are 5 1 1 Of Executive Department who are 3 8 1 Of Executive Department report suspension and removal of 5 1 Profiting from use of public fund punishable 7 9 1 Extra compensation to after service prohibited 7 16 2 Not to be interested in Public Printing 7 17 1 Not to levy on Homestead 9 2 1 Of County election removal and disqualification of 11 2 1 Of County to be uniform except Commissioners 11 3 1 Now existing to continue till successor qualified 12 1 7 Order passed by Legislature must have Governors approval 5 1 17 Ordinances rejected not to be again proposed unless by twothirds vote 3 7 13 Must have but one subjectmatter and same as title 3 7 8 Of the Convention authority of 12 1 3 Of the Convention to have effect of laws 12 1 8 See Ordinances in Appendix Ordinary Courts of parts of Judiciary 6 1 1 Courts of jurisdiction of 6 6 1 Term of office 6 6 3 Origin of Government is with the people 1 1 1 P Papers secure from search and seizure except as provided 1 1 16 Pardon removes political disabilities of convict 2 2 1 Of Duelists removes political disabilities of convict 2 4 2 Power in Governor must report to the Legislature 5 1 12 244 A S P Passage of bills readings necessary 3 7 7 Of Bills majority of all members necessary 3 7 14 Passenger Tariffrestriction on 4 2 15 Paupers jurisdiction of Ordinary 6 6 2 Affidavit relieves from costs in Supreme Court 6 21 1 Tax for support of 7 6 Paysee ICompensation Salary Peace soldiers not to be quartered in bouses in time of 1 1 19 Governor is conservator of 5 1 12 Penitentiary crimes punishable in to be tried in Superior Court 6 4 1 Per diem of members of the Legislature 3 9 1 Perquisites not allowed officers Executive Department 527 Not allowed AttorneyGeneral 6 13 1 From use of public funds by officers punishable 7 9 1 Persons and property to be protected by Government 11 2 Not to be molested for religious opinions 1 1 13 Eights not to be affected but by due process of law 1 1 3 May prosecute or defend in person or by attorney 1 14 Charged with offenses rights of 1 1 5 Life or liberty not to be jeopardized but once for same crime 1 1 8 Houses and papers secure from illegal search 11 16 Personalty amount of exemption of from levy and sale 9 11 Petitions and remonstrance right of guaranteed 1 1 24 Pleas under oath in certain cases required v 6 4 7 Police of the State right of people to regulate 1 5 Power not abridged in favor of corporations 4 2 2 Policyholders in life Insurance Companies protected 3 12 13 Poll tax not to exceed one dollar 7 2 i5 Goes to educational purposes 8 3 1 Practice in courts of same grade to be uniform 6 9 1 Precincts for elections how changed 3 7 11 President of Senate elected by Senate viva voce 3 5 8 Must sign acts i 3 7 13 Per diem 3 9 3 Presides in joint session 3 10 1 Acts as Governor when 5 1 1 Press liberty of not to be curtailed 1 1 18 Printing publie to be let to lowest bidder 7 17 5 Prisoners not to be abused 1 1 Tax for support of by counties 7 6 2 245 A S Private ways to be alloVYed only compensation paid 1 3 Acts authority of 12 1 Rights acrued by law authority of 12 1 Privileges special not to be irrevocably granted 1 3 Special not be revoked so as to do injustice 1 3 Probate jurisdictiojn in Ordinary 6 6 Proceedings of Legislature to be kept in journals 3 7 Of courts of same grade to be uniform 6 9 Process of law necessary to affect persons in their rights 1 1 Proclamation of Governor calling extra session 5 1 Of Governor on ratification of Constitution 13 2 Prohibition writs of issued by Judge of Superior Court 6 4 Prolongation of Legislative session by twothirds vote 3 4 Resolutions not submitted to Governor 3 7 Promissory notes suits on where tried 6 16 Property or person not to be molested for religious Opinions 1 1 Protection to shall be impartial and complete 1 1 Not taken for public use without compensation 1 3 Concealed by debtor to be reached by law 12 Of wife not subject to husbands debts 3 11 List of exempt from tax 7 2 Amount of exempt from levy and sale 9 1 Protection to person and property paramount duty of Government 1 1 Prosecution rights of defendants in cases of 1 1 Provision waiver of exemption of restricted 9 3 Public Funds embezzlement of disfranchises 2 2 Officer not to receive profit from use of 7 9 Treasurer not to receive profit from use of 5 2 See Money Public use of private property without compensation prohibited 1 3 Buildings jurisdiction of Ordinary 6 6 Buildings tax by county for authorized 7 6 Debtand institutions tax for 7 1 Property charitable institutions and libraries exempt from tax 7 2 Printing let to lowest bidder 7 17 Printing officers of Government not to be interested in 7 17 School systemsee Education 8 1 p 1 4 5 2 3 1 4 1 3 13 2 5 6 23 5 13 2 1 6 1 2 1 2 p 5 1 1 1 5 1 2 2 1 2 T 1 1 246 A S P Publication of ones sentiments right of not to be curtailed 1 1 15 Journal of General Assembly 3 7 Eeceipts and disbursements of Treasury 3 7 11 Intention to introduce Local Bills 3 7 15 Reports of Secretary of Statej Comptroller and Treasurer A 15 1 Proposed amendment to Constitution 13 1 1 Punishment of crime by whipping or banishment prohibited 1 For contempt by Courts limited i 1 1 20 Not to be cruel or unusual 1 1 Purchase of State Bonds with sinking fund 7 14 1 Money homestead liable for 9 2 1 Purchaser of old Homestead how affected 9 8 1 Q Qualification for Governor 5 17 For Senator 2 51 For Representative i 3 6 1 Each House to judge of as to its own members 3 7 1 Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 6 Judge Supreme and Superior Courts Solicitor and AttorneyGeneral 6 14 1 County officers 11 2 1 Quarantine tax by county for expenses of 7 6 2 Quorum of each branch of Legislature is a majority 3 4 4 Of Supreme Court 6 1 R Railroad may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18 Freights and Tariff subject to legislation 4 2 1 May build branch roads free from conditions of 4 2 3 Shall not deceive public as to rates 4 2 5 See Corporations Railway Street not to run in City without its consent 3 7 20 Rates of freight and passage subject to legislation 4 2 1 Public not to be deceived as to amount charged 4 2 5 Realty Homestead of 9 1 1 Rebate of rates charged by Railroad not allowed 4 2 5 Recognizance when Legislature may relieve from forfeiture of 3 7 19 247 A S P Reelection Governor not eligible for four years after two terms 5 1 2 Registration of Electors may be required by law 2 2 1 Rejection of nomination by Senate effect of 5 1 15 Of bill by Legislature effect of 3 7 13 Religious opinion civil and political rights not affeeted y 1 1 13 Denominations not to receive money from State 1 1 14 Worship places of may be exempt from tax 7 2 2 Remittance of sentence in power of Governor 5 1 12 Of forfeited Charter only on conditions 4 2 3 Remonstrance and petition right of guaranteed 1 1 24 Removal of legislator from district vacates his seat 3 4 8 Of disabilities in power of Governor 5 1 12 Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 1 18 Of Justice of the Peace for malpractice 7 3 Of County Officers 11 2 1 From office effect of impeachment 3 5 5 Repeating law form of 3 7 17 Reports of Insurance Companies to the Governor 3 12 5 Of Treasurer and Comptroller to the Governor 7 15 1 Representatives election and term of 3 4 12 Qualification of 3 6 q House of part of General Assembly 3 1 1 Number and apportionment of members of 3 3 1 Apportionment how changed 3 2 2 Representatives House of Speaker of how elected 3 6 2 Clerk of compensation and bond of 3 8 1 Impeaching power vested in 3 6 3 Local and Special bills must originate in 3 7 15 Appropriation and Revenue bills must originate in 3 7 10 Journal ofsee Journal Representation of Constitutional Convention apportionment of 13 1 2 Reprieve in power of Governor 5 1 12 Residence requisite to vote 2 1 2 Resignation of Governor who acts in case of 5 1 8 Resolutions of appropriation must be passed by yeas and nays 3 7 12 Requiring Governors approval 5 1 17 248 ResolutionsContinued A s r Requiring a twothirds vote yeas and nays must be recorded 3 7 21 Having effect of law result of rejection 3 7 13 Retroactive legislation prohibited 1 3 Returns of election of Legislators each House to judge for itself 3 7 1 To whom made 2 6 1 Of Governor how made 5 1 4 Of Governor how published 1 5 Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 1 On Ratification of Constitution 13 2 2 Revenue bills must originate in House of Representatives 3 7 10 Deficiencies of in State supplied by loans 7 3 1 Deficiencies of in County or City 7 7 1 And roads County Commissioners for 11 3 1 Rights not enumerated are not denied 1 5 1 Roads jurisdiction in Ordinary 6 6 1 Tax for keeping up by County 7 6 2 And revenue County Commissioners for 11 3 1 S Sailor in TJ S Service not entitled to vote because not stationed here 2 1 2 Salary of Governor 5 1 2 Of Treasurer Secretary of State and Comptroller 5 22 34 Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts Attorney and SolicitorsGeneral 6 13 1 Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts how changed 6 13 2 Of State Sehool Commissioner 8 2 1 Sale of States property proceeds to go to public debts 7 13 1 Exemption from 9 1 1 Of Homesteads how affected 9 3 1 Of old Homestead heretofore made ratified 9 8 1 Savannah errors of City Court of corrected in Supreme Court 7 6 2 5 Scire Facias writ of issued by Judge Superior Court 6 4 5 Schools Publie how established by eity or county 8 4 1 Public existing local system not affected 8 5 1 249 SchoolsContinued l r A S Not public may share school fund when 8 5 See Education Seal Great use and design of 5 8 Search of persons houses and papers warrant for 1 1 Seconds in Duel on conviction disqualified for office 2 4 Secretary of State returns of election to be made to 2 1 Officer of Executive Department 5 1 Election of 5 2 Salary and Clerk hire of 5 2 Eligibility and Bond of 5 2 Perquisites to forbidden 5 2 Is keeper of Great Seal 5 3 Senate compensation and bond of 3 8 1 Governor compensation of 5 1 Securities on forfeited recognizances when relieved 3 7 Seizure of persons and papers provisions against 1 1 Seminaries of learning may be exempt from tax 7 2 Senate is a branch of General Assembly 3 1 Consists of 44 members j 3 2 May propose amendments to appropriation and revenue bills 3 7 Impeachments to be tried before 3 5 Senate nomination rejected by effect of 5 1 President and Secretary ofSee President and Secretary Senatorial Districts number composition and change of 3 2 1 Senators number not to be increased 3 2 r Election and term of 3 4 Qualification of 3 5 Sentence commuted or remitted by Governor 5 1 Servitude involuntary except as punishment for crime prohibited 1 1 1 Sessions qf General Asembly See General Assem Of Supreme Court 6 2 Of Superior Court 6 4 Of Justices Court 6 7 Setting aside Homestead laws to be provided for 9 4 Shares in one corporation not enough to be bought by t another to monopolize 4 2 250 p 1 1 18 2 9 1 1 3 6 7 1 1 19 19 16 2 1 1 10 3 15 23 3 12 1 12 17 5 8 2 1 4 A S P Shows special tax on goes to educational purposes 8 3 1 Sinking fund provided for 7 14 1 Site of county how changed 11 1 4 Slavery forbidden 1 1 17 Social status of citizens not subject of legislation 1 1 18 Soldiers not to be quartered in private houses except when 1 1 19 Of U S not to vote on account of being stationed here 2 1 2 Artificial limbs for maimed Confederates 7 1 1 SolieitorsGeneral term of office and duties of 6 11 12 Election by the Legislature 6 12 1 Salary of i 6 13 1 Qualification of 6 14 1 Speaker of House of Eepresentatives how elected 3 6 2 Must sign Aets 3 7 13 Per diem of 3 9 1 Acts as Governor when 1 5 1 8 Special law not to be enacted when provision is made by general law 1 4 1 Changing general law in particular cases how passed 1 4 1 For benefit of corporation conditional 4 4 2 3 Election of Governor 5 1 9 See Local Speech Liberty of not to be curtailed 1 1 15 State aid to corporations or persons in any manner prohibited 7 5 1 State aid by donation prohibited 7 16 1 To religious denomination prohibited 11 14 Printer office abolished 7 17 1 State School Coijunisioner election and term 8 2 1 Statement of Treasurer to be published 3 7 11 Stockholder in corporation State county or city not to be 7 56 1 Street railroad not to run in city without consent of authorities 3 7 29 Suits may be brought by or against counties 11 1 1 Against State to test void or Confederate bonds prohibited 7 11 1 See Venue I 251 A S P Superior Court is part of Judiciary 6 1 1 Jurisdiction of exclusive 6 4 1 Jurisdiction of general and appellate 6 4 34 Jurisdiction of to issue extra writs 6 4 5 Appeal and new trials in 6 4 6 Appeal from Ordinary to 1 6 6 1 Appeal from Justices to 6 7 2 Sessions of 6 4 8 Judge one for each circuit and term of 6 3 1 Election of 6 2 1 Salary and qualification of 6 1314 1 May change venue when 6 17 1 May preside in Supreme Court when 6 2 2 May preside in City Court when 6 5 1 Appoints Notary Public exofficio Justice of the Peace v 6 8 1 Sanctions sale of Homesteads 9 38 1 Supplemental Homestead laws to be provided for 9 5 1 Supreme Court part of Judiciary 6 1 1 Constitution of 6 2 1 Jurisdiction sessions and practice 6 25 67 Cost in and paupers affidavit 6 21 1 Judges election and term 6 2 4 Judges election and vacancies how filled 6 12 1 Salary and qualification of 6 1314 1 When disqualified in particular case 6 2 2 Suspension from office of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 1 18 T Tax to be paid before voting 2 1 2 Defaulters ineligible to Legislature 3 4 7 By County Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2 By county or city to meet bonded indebtedness 7 7 2 By county or city for school purposes 8 4 1 By county limited to certain purposes 7 6 2 May be imposed by Legislature for what purpose 7 11 Must be uniform ad valorem and by general law 7 2 1 On domestic animals of vicious nature 7 2 1 Exemptions from other exemptions void 7 2 24 Poll for educational purposes 7 2 3 Special for educational purposes 8 3 1 252 TuxContinued A s P State s power to impose not to be restrained 4 1 1 Of corporations not to be surrendered 1 2 5 To raise a Sinking Fundnj Lien good against Homestead 9 2 1 Act authority of Act must originate in the House 3 10 Telegraph Companies may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18 Terms of office of Governor 5 1 2 Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 1 Judge of Supreme Court 6 2 4 Judge of Superior Court 6 3 13 Justice of the Peace 6 7 1 Ordinary 6 6 3 Attorney and SolicitorGeneral 0 1011 1 State School Commissioner 8 2 1 County Officers 11 2 1 Members of General Assembly 3 4 1 Testimony criminating himself witness not obliged to give 1 4 6 Title law must not contain matter different from 3 7 8 To land cases involving where brought 6 16 2 To land cases involving jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1 Treason what is and how convicted of 1 2 2 Conviction of disfranchises 2 2 1 Pardon respite or commutation for 5 1 12 Treasurer election and term of office 5 2 1 Examination by Governor 5 1 18 Officer of Executive Department 5 1 1 Removal of 5 1 18 Salary and Clerks hire of 5 2 2 Perquisites not allowed 5 2 7 Fee other than salary not allowed to 5 2 5 Bond and qualification of 5 2 6 To receive deposits from Fire Insurance Companies 3 12 4 To make quarterly reports to Governor 7 15 1 And Governor authorized to loan Sinking Fund 7 14 1 Draw money from Treasury in what manner 3 7 11 Treaty force and authority of 12 1 1 253 A S P Trial a speedy and impartial one is the right of defendant 1 1 5 By jury remains inviolate 6 18 1 Tribunals in the various counties to be uniform 11 3 1 Trustees of the people public officers are 1 1 1 The University of Georgia may accept donations etc 8 6 1 Families of minor children entitled to Homestead 9 11 U Unexpired term of Governor special elections 5 1 9 Judges of Supreme Court 6 2 4 Judges Supreme and Superior Courts Attorney and SolicitorsGeneral a 6 12 1 Uniformity required in operation of general laws 1 4 1 In county officers and tribunals 11 31 In courts of same grade 6 9 1 In taxation V 7 2 1 University of Georgia appropriation to 8 6 1 United States Constitution acts in violation of void 1 4 2 Treaties and laws authority of 12 1 1 Soldiers not entitled to vote for being stationed here 2 1 2 V Vacancy in office of Governor 5 1 8 Judge of Supreme r Court i 6 2 4 Judge of Superior Court 6 3 2 Judge Supreme and Superior Courts and Solicitor General 6 12 1 Members General Assembly 5 1 13 Governor may fill when not otherwise provided 5 1 14 Validity of bonds not to bh tried by Judge who is interested 6 2 3 Declared void by Constitution not subject to suit 7 11 1 Valuation of Homestead laws to be provided for 9 4 1 Venue in cases of divorce 6 16 1 Of land titles 6 16 2 Of Equity 6 16 3 Against joint obligors acceptors indorsers etc 616 45 Civil and criminal generally 6 16 fi Civil and criminal changed how 6 17 1 254 A S P Verdicts judgments without when 6 4 First and second in divorce cases 6 15 1 Veto of Governor overruled by twothirds vote J Viva voce voting by general Assembly 3 10 1 Void bonds of State not to be paid 7 11 1 Volunteer companies organization of 1 1 2 Not paid unless called out by State 10 1 3 Vote by the people shall be by ballot 2 1 1 Who is entitled toOath of voter 2 1 2 Who is not entitled to 2 2 1 By General Assembly to be viva voce 3 10 1 Of twothirds being required yeas and nays must be recorded 3 7 21 Of twothirds being required does not do away with Governors approval 3 7 23 Of twothirds overrides Governors veto 3 7 23 Of General Assembly having effect of law submitted to Governor 5 1 17 Of General Assembly in elections must appear in House Journal 3 10 1 W Waiver of Homestead 8 3 1 Of old exemption 4 War bonded debt may be increased for purpose of 7 12 1 Debt of county or city for may be assumed by State 7 8 1 Debt may be contracted to defend State in time of I 7 3 1 Quartering soldiers in house in time o f 1 1 19 Tax to defend State in time of 7 1 Warrant for search how obtained 1 1 16 Ways private may be granted after compensation paid 1 3 1 Wearing apparel waiver of exemption on limited 9 3 1 Western Atlantic R R if sold proceeds how applied v 7 13 1 Whipping as punishment for crime prohibited 1 1 7 White and colored public schools to be separate 811 Widows pensions provided for 7 1 1 Wifes property is her separate estate after marriage 3 11 1 255 A P Wild Land Clerk compensation of 5 2 4 Witnesses in criminal cases rights of defendants as to 1 1 5 Not compelled to criminate themselves 1 16 Two necessary to convict of treason l 2 2 Worship of God may be according to conscience 1 1 12 Place of may be exempt from tax 7 2 2 Y Yeas and Nays to be Recorded in Journal At request of onefifth 3 7 6 On appropriation bills and resolutions 3 7 12 When twothirds vote is required 3 7 21 On amendments to Constitution 13 1 1 iiS INDEX TO STANDING RULES OF Georgia House of Representatives 19171918 Prepaeed by W Cecil Neill of Muscogee County ABSENTEES bulk no Auditing Committees duty as to 134 Clerks duty as to 134 Roll call dispensed with when 133 ADJOURN MOTION TO Committee of whole not in order in 119 Definite time debatable when 57 Effect when motion prevails 60 Motion not debatable56180 Motion not amendable 56 Motion when in order f 58 Motion when not in order 59 Precedence of motion 55 Shall not be made second time until when 56 ADJOURNMENT Constitutional time limit 151 Courtesy to speaker at time of 26 Effect of 60 Effect when hour of arrives when House acting under previous question 61 Effect when hour of arrives during vote by yeas and nays 61 Hour of fixed by House 180 ADVERSE REPORT Bills and resolutions adversely reported taken up when 41 Debate on final passage 72 Effect of on bills 48 1 AMENDMENTS rule xo Applicable to an amendment 94 Bills or resolutions amended by sections 102 Bill perfected before caption or preamble 101 Bills perfected before substitute 96 Blanks must be filled 100 Clerks duty in amending by striking out and inserting 104 Committee of whole action on 126 Committee of whole what reported to House 132 Germane must be 103 Motion to amend how made 94 Motion to commit amendable 92 Motion to postpone indefinitely not amendable 80 Motion to postpone to time definite amendable 85 Motion to table amendment not in order 62 Motion to table not amendable 68 Must be in writing 98 Precedence of motion to amend 55 Priority of amendments 99 Priority of amendments to perfect part proposed to be stricken 105 Priority of over motion to agree or disagree 107 Priority of questions on Senate Amendments to H B 108 Priority of on passage of bill 188 Senate amendments to H B House amendment in order 106 Reconsidered when 113 Substitute is an amendment 95 When in order V 188 When too late 97188 AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION Submission to people 160 Convention called 161 APPEALS From Speakers decision 8 Members may address House 11 No debate when of personal character 9 To be made at once 10 APPLAUSE Speakers right to suppress 29 2 APPROPRIATIONS BULB no General bill right of way 41 Governors power over 157 Considered in committee of whole 51 House must originate 144 ATTENDANCE Call of House 136 Messengers Duty 135 Power to compelm135136 Speakers duty 135 AUDITING COMMITTEE Absentees duty as to 134 Accounts of members duty as to 195 BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Amendments and substitutes bill first perfected 96 Amendments by sections 102 Amendments to Code sections 146 Amendments to passed on before those to caption or preamble 101 Appropriations House must originate 144 Clerk to state number and author i when reading 41 Clerk to call in order on calendar 41 Committee of whole how read 118 Committee reports favorable effect of 48 Committee reports unfavorable effect of 48 Committee reports order of precedence 53 Corporations laws relating to 148 Engrossment effect of 48 General appropriations what to embrace 150 General laws how changed 147 Governors approval necessary 158 Governors failure to return 157 Governors veto 157 Immediate transmission when 49 Introduction when 47 Printed when 50 Reconsideration effect of 114 Rejected when again considered 153 Relief of principals and sureties 149 Requirements for i 52 3 RULE NO Speakers duty to commit 48 Special laws prohibited when 147 Subjectmatter only one and expressed in title 145 Unanimous consent for reading 43 Withdrawal of when 48 Majority necessary to pass 139 Debate none at first reading 48 Constitutional requirement as to reading 143 Reading of unanimous consent 43 Reading first no debate 48 Reading constitutional requirement 143 CALL OF HOUSE Committee of whole not in order 119 Contempt refusal to vote on 14 When in order 14136 When not in order 77 CAPTION Not considered until bill perfected 101 CHANGE OF VOTES How done and when 191 CLERK Absence of speaker and speaker pro tern duty of 7 Absentees duty of 134 Amendments striking out and inserting duty of 104 Bills and resolutions how read committee of whole 118 Bills and resolutions called in order from calendar 41 Bills and resolutions name and authors stated 41 Books duty to care for171179 Call of counties Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays 40 Journal names not voting duty to enter 174 Oath of prescribed 170 CODE SECTIONS Amendments to Constitutional requirement 146 COMMITTEES Amendments by take precedence 188 Appointed by speaker 4198 4 Bills not to be interlined or defaced by 185 Chairmen Appropriation and Ways and Means ExOfficio Members 198 Conference how constituted 187 Defaulting committee provision as to 199 Enlarged how 176 Failure of to report provision as to 199 Membership limited 197 Reports of order of precedence 53 Reports of required 199 Reports must be in writing 189 Rules committee how elected i 4 Speaker exofficio member of Rules 4 Speaker to appoint certain committees4198 COMMIT MOTION TO Amended how 92 Applicable to what8993 Committee of whole not in order 119 Precedence of as among other motions r 55 Precedence of as among motions to commit to different committees 90 COMMITTEE OF WHOLE HOUSE Amendments by action by House 126 Amendments to amendments how reported to House 132 Appropriation bills considered in 51 Bills read and debated by sections 118 Call of House not in order 119 Chairman appointed by Speaker 117 Chairman power to clear galleries or lobby 128 Debate how limited and closed 120 Disorderly conduct reported 127 Extension of time how secured 121 Formation of 117 House may resolve itself into when 116 Interlineation of bills or resolutions prohibited 185 Journal not show proceedings 130 Members shall vote 125 Motion to commit to precedence 90 Motion to rise report progress and ask leave to sit again 122 Papers called for 131 BULE NO Proceedings how closedv 122 Proceedings not reported in JournalV130 Procedure when business finished 129 Quorum not present procedure 124 Reconsideration in order 123 Reports of precedence 53 Rules applicable to and exceptions 119 Speaker may resolve House into whenT 115 Speaker may take part 125 Speaker chairman appointed by 117 CONSTITUTIONAL RULES Adjournments limited 151 Amendments to Code sections 146 Amendments to ConstitutionV 160 Appropriation Bills House must originate 144 Appropriation Bill General what to embrace 150 Appropriations Journal to show yeas and nays 141 Bills majority necessary to pass 139 Bills reading of 143 Bills rejected when again considered 153 Bills subjectmatter expressed in title 145 Bills only one subjectmatter permitted 145 Constitutional convention how called 161 Corporations power of General Assembly over 148 County sites how changed or removed 159 Date of meeting fixed 154 Elections by General Assembly 152 Expulsion of members twothirds vote necessary 155 General laws how changed i 147 General appropriation bill what to embrace 150 Governor failure to return bills 157 Governors signature when required156158 Governors veto 157 House judges of election and qualification of members 155 Journal must show majority vote 739 Journal must show yeas and nays when required 140141142 Local and special bills notice reauired 163 Members power to punish misconduct of 155 Members oath of prescribed 138 Quorum defined 137 Relief of principals and sureties 149 6 BULK jSIO Salaries of certain officers how changed 162 Special laws prohibited when 147 Subjectmatter bills to contain but one 145 Subjectmatter must be expressed in title 145 Veto of governor 157 Yeas and nays required when140141142 Yeas and nays Journal to show on Apps 141 Yeas and nays Journal to show where twothirds vote required 142 CONTEMPT Refusal to vote unless excused on call of House 14 CONTEST Contestant and contestee to retire when vote taken 22 CONVERSATION Prohibited 24 COUNTY SITE How changed or removed 159 DEBATE Adjournment decided without 180 Bills first reading no debate48 Committee of whole regulated119120 Committee happenings reference to out of order 27 Conversations reference to out of order 27 Conduct f members in 17 Individual speeches limited 17 Motion to adjourn not debatable 56 Motion to change rules not debatable 46 Motion to commit when debatable 91 Motion to change order of business not debatable 46 Motion to extend members time of speaking not debatable 17 Motion to excuse member from voting not debatable 34 Motion to indefinitely postpone debatable 80 Motion to instruct committee debate limited 199 Motion to postpone to time definite what debatable 87 Motion for previous qustin not debatable 71 Motion to read papers not debatable 33 Motion to suspend rules not debatable 46 7 BULE NO Motion to table not debatable 68 Previous question decided affirmatively debate regulated 72 Priority of business not debatable 16 Roll call no debate during 30 Senate happenings reference to out of order 27 Yeas and nays decided without debate 181 DISPARAGING REMARKS Members prohibited from 28 DIVISION Duty of member calling for 37 Motion to excuse from voting to be made before 34 Right to call for 36 What not divisible 3839 DRAWING FOR SEATS Regulated 200 ELECTION House Judge of of members 155 Majority vote necessary 193 ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE Duties of 172 EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN Procedure 18 EXPLANATION OF VOTES When allowed and time limited 32 EXPULSION OF MEMBERS When 17155 DOORKEEPER Duty as to enforcement of rule as to intoxication 25 Duty as to messages 164 Speaker may suspend when 12 r GALLERIES Applause to be suppressed 29 BULB NO Committee of whole chairman may clear 128 Speaker may clear 13 GENERAL ASSEMBLY Meets when 154 Session limited 154 GENERAL APPROPRIATION BILL Constitutional provision as to what it shall embrace 150 Right of way of in order of business 41 GENERAL LAWS How changed 147 GENERAL TAX BILL Right of way of 41 GOVERNOR Failure to return bill effect 157 Signature when required 156158 Veto 157 HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT Fixed by House 180 IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO SENATE Twothirds vote necessary 49 INTOXICATION Member denied floor while in state of 25 JOURNAL Absentees shown on 134 Amendments to Constitution yeas and nays must be shown on 160 Appropriation of money yeas and nays shown 141 Committee duty to read 178 Committee of whole proceedings not shown 130 Majority on passage of bills must be shown 139 Names those not voting shown on 174 Yeas and nays to be shown 140141 9 LAUDA1 OR Y REMARKS rule no Prohibited in Nominations 28 LOCAL BILLS Constitutional requirement as to reading 143 Constitutional requirement as to notice 163 Introduced when 47 Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent 43 MAIN QUESTION Effect as to when votes had on motion for previous question 717274 Minority report time allowed for debate 75 Motion to table supercedes when 70 Reconsideration of 71 When ordered call of House 77 When ordered vote how taken 73 MAJORITY Bill majority vote necessary to pass 139 Elections majority vote necessary i 193 Quorum majority necessary 137 MEMBERS Adjournment duty of at 26 Arrest subject to when135136137 Attendance of compelled when135136137 Books and papers duty as to 179 Called to order for transgressing rules 17 Changing votes how and when 191 Committee of whole right to speak 119 Committee of whole duty to vote 125 Conduct in debate 17 Conversation and smoking prohibited1924 Debate how often to speak 17 Debate individual speeches limited 17 Debate references to conversations happenings in committee and Senate prohibited 27 Decorum of 17242627 Designation of members mode of 20 Exceptions to words of procedure IB 10 BULE NO Expulsion of when 15517 Interrogating mode of 21 Intoxication denied floor when in state of 25 Introduction of bills number limited 40 Introduction of bills name and county to be endorsed 52 Laudatory remarks prohibited in nominations 28 Member speaking duty of while 26 Misconduct in bouse and committee of whole155127 Motion may make one at a time 31 Motion must resume seat while being put 31 Motion prohibited from making non debatable when 35 Oath of prescribed 138 Protests of proceedings 23 Retire when required to 22 Seats drawing for 200 Vote shall not when interested 22 Vote shall exception 34125 MEMORIALS Manner of presentation 168 MEETING OF HOUSE Adjournment fixed by House 180 Time of meeting for daily sessions 180 Constitutional provision 154 MINORITY REPORTS How made 1 189 Main question ordered privilege first signer 75 MESSAGES How sent announced received and considered 165 MESSENGER Arrest of members135136 Exofficio sergeantatarms 135 Intoxicated member enforcement of rule 25 General duties 183184 Speaker may suspend when 12 MOTIONS Information from executive department lie on table 190 Nondebatable prohibited when i 35 m BULE NO One at a time only 31 Order of priority 55 Order of business motion to change not debatable 46 Order of business motion to change vote necessary 54 Read papers motion to decided without debate i 33 Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 44 Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted 424546 Seconding of unnecessary 175 Special orders motion to make how submitted 42 Strike out and insert motion to not divisible 39 Unprivileged to lie on table 173 Withdrawn how 167 NEW MATTERS Call of counties by clerk 40 General bills limited to one a day 40 Information from executive department to lie on table 190 Motion unprivileged containing lie on table 173 Unanimous consents for 43 NOMINATIONS Laudatory remarks prohibited 28 OATHS Of clerk prescribed170 Of members prescribed 138 ORDER OF BUSINESS Changed how 4445 Motion to change not debatable 46 Motion to change vote necessary4454 Priority of established 196 Rules committee to fix during last seven days 54 PARLIAMENTARY LAW Applicable when 9 194 PETITIONS Considered when vi y 166 Manner of presentation1 168 PREAMBLE Not considered until resolution perfected 101 12 PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS buleno Established V 55 PREVIOUS QUESTION Adjourn motion not in order after affirmative votes on 71 Adjournment effect arrival hour of House acting under 61 Affirmative votes result 71727475 Applicable to what 76 Call of House not in order after ordered except when 77 Call for sustained motion to table in order 70 Exhausted must be before matters of words excepted to decided 18 Precedence of motion 55 POSTPONE Applicable to what definite and indefinite8188 Committee of whole motion to definitely postpone not in order 119 Debate motion to indefinitely postpone debatable but not amendable 80 Definitely postpone motion to amendable 85 Effect of affirmative action on motion to indefinitely postpone 79 Effect of affirmative action on motion to postpone to time definite v 83 Effect of negative action84 Indefinitely motion to when not applicable 81 Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 86 Indefinitely motion to not renewable 82 Precedence of motion 55 PRIVILEGE Motion without to lie on table 173 Personal privilege 192 Questions of what constitutes 192 PRIVILEGES OF FLOOR Who entitled to177 PRINTING OF BILLS When ordered ts f 50 PROTESTS OF MEMBERS Procedure 23 13 QUALIFYING PARAGRAPH rule no A ot a divisible question 38 QUORUM Constitutional definition 137 READING OF PAPERS House determines by vote 33 RECONSIDERATION Amendments when reconsidered 113 Bills notice of motion when given 109 Bills notice not to be withdrawn when 110 Committee of whole motion in order 123 Effect of on bills 114 Main question ordered motion in order to reconsider 71 Motion in order but once on same subject matter Ill Motions when in order 112 REMONSTRANCES Manner of presentation 168 REPORTS OF COMMITTEES Committees may report by bill or otherwise 169 Order of precedence of 53 ROLL CALL Explanation of votes on 32 Debate none during 30 How dispepsed with 133 Speaker may order when 15 RULES Motion to suspend or change decided without debate 46 Suspended or changed how 444546 RULES COMMITTEE Constituted and elected how 4 Effect of failure to report 45 Order of business fixed by during last seven days 54 Report of in order when 169 Special orders and motions to suspend rules duty to rev port on 4245 J4 SALARIES wle no Constitutional provision as to changing 162 SEATS Drawing for regulated 200 SERGEANTATARMS Call of House duty of 136 Messenger is exofficio 135 SIGNATURE OF SPEAKER AND CLERK When required 182 SILENCE Members to preserve when 10 SMOKING Prohibited 24 SPEAKER Absence of Speaker pro tern to preside 7 Adjournment members to remain until Speaker retires 26 Appeals from decision of891011 Appeals from decision of to be made at once 10 Appeals from decision of no debate when 9 Appointment of committees by 4198 Appointment of chairman of Committee of Whole 117 Appointment of Conference Committee 187 Attendance power to compel 135 Business priority of decided without debate 16 Chairman Committee of Whole appointed by 117 Committees appointed by4198 Committee of Whole may resolve House into when 115 Committee of Whole assumes chair when 122 Committee of Whole receiving chairmans report 129 Committee of Whole right to take part in 125 Courtesy of members to at adjournment 26 Doorkeeper Speaker may suspend 12 Galleries may be cleared by 13 Interrogation of members conducted through 21 Irrelevant debate power to suspend 1 Members Speaker may name to preside 6 Members courtesy due by at adjournment 26 15 RULE NO Method of stating question by 5 Quorum duty of when no quorum voting1415 Recognition of members decided by 3 Recognition of members for unanimous consent 43 Rules Committee Speaker exofficio member 4 Silence commanded by when r 1 Suspension of officers v 12 Vote Speaker required to when i 2 SPEAKER PRO TEM Absence of Speaker duty to preside 7 Absence of Speaker and Speaker pro tern House to elect 7 SPECIAL COMMITTEE Priority of motion to commit to 90 SPECIAL LAWS Notice required 163 Prohibited when 147 SUBJECTMATTER Bills to contain but one and expressed in title 145 SUBSTITUTE Amendment is 95 Bill perfected before substitute V 96 Motion to table not in order62 SUSPENSION OF RULES How accomplished w 444546 TABLE MOTION TO Amendment or substitute motion to table not in order 62 Amendment motion to table not subject to 68 Application of what can be laid on table 69 Committee of whole motion not in order 119 Debate motion to table not debatable 68 Effect when motion to table prevails 64 Effect when motion to take from table prevails 6365 Effect when motion to take from table prevails where measure tabled after roll call 66 Executive department information called from tabled one day 190 16 EULE NO Main question motion to table in order after motion for previous question sustained 70 Main question motion to table not in order after House has voted that main question shall be now put 70 Motion to take from when in order 63 Previous question motion to table in order after call for sustained 70 Previous question motion to table not in order after main question ordered 70 Renewal of motions to table and take from when 67 Roll call motion not in order until completion 66 TWOrTHIRDS VOTE NECESSARY WHEN Amendments to Constitution 160 Constitution Convention 161 County Site Changed or Removed 159 Expulsion of members 155 Governors veto overridden 156157158 Prolongation of session 156 UNANIMOUS CONSENTS Limitation and regulation of 43 YEAS AND NAYS Adjournment effect when hour of arrives during vote by 61 Amendments to Constitution 160 Changing votes after call of 191 Committee of whole vote not taken by 119 Explanation of votes when vote taken by 32 Excuse from voting motion must be made before roll call begins 34 Journal to show when 140141142 Journal to show names not voting 174 Motion to table when in order when vote taken by 66 Required when 73140141142 Speaker may order when no quorum voting 15 17 MMpi