GEORGIA CRIMINAL JUSTICE DATA Published By The Georgia Bureau of Investigation July 1987 GEORGIA CRIMINAL JUSTICE DATA W86 Prepared by the Georgia Crime Information Center July 1987 Joe Frank Harris GOVERNOR STATE OF GEORGIA OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR ATLANTA 30334 May 8, 1987 My Fellow Georgians: In 1986, crime continued to take its toll on the citizens of Georgia. Unfortunately, there were not only people who became victims for the first time, but also others who were victims for the second or third time. Those of us not affected directly were made aware of the problem by frequent media reports concerning crime. With the help of reliable, accurate statistics, we can identify the nature and extent of the problem. Furthermore, this data can assist decision makers in improving the operation of the criminal justice system and in stemming or reducing the rate of crime. The information in Georqia Criminal Justice Data, 1986 provides the law enforcement community with a valuable resource aid in their continuing efforts to reduce the problem of crime in our state. With kindest regards, I remain ~ d eFrank Harris CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Section I Law Enforcement Introduction .Law Enforcement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Summary of Crime in Georgia Crimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arrests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Incidents of Crime ProfileofIndexCrimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Murder and Non-Negligent Manslaughter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Robbery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aggravated Assault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Burglary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Larceny . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor VehicleTheft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Geographical Distribution of Crime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Crime Trends and Comparisons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Profile of Non-Index Crimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NonIndexCrimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Crimes Against Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arrests For Crimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ProfileofIndex Arrests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Profile of Juvenile Arrests - Index Offenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Profile of Non-Index Arrests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Profile of Juvenile Arrests - Non-Index Offenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Drug Violations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clearances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Profile of Index Crime Clearances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Profile of Non-Index Crime Clearances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . County Crime Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Law Enforcement Employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Full Time Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Officers Killed and Assaulted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Traffic Enforcement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Traffic Fatalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Georgia Bureau of Investigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section I1 Courts Introduction .Courts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117 Georgia's Superior Courts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Georgia's State Courts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117 Georgia's Probatecourts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117 Georgia's Juvenile Courts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117 Georgia's Magistrate Courts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117 Georgia's Supreme Court . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117 Section I11 Corrections Introduction .Corrections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139 PrisonProfile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140 Inmateprofile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142 Age. Race. Sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142 SentenceLength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143 Crimes Committed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 ProbationerProfde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Age.Race. Sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Crimes Committed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Firstoffender Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Section IV Pardons and Paroles Introduction .Pardons and Paroles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Profile of Pardons and Paroles Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Section V Statements from Senior Officials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 TABLES 1 REPORTED INCIDENTS OF CRIME. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 REPORTED ARRESTS FOR CRIMES. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 PROFILE OF REPORTED INDEX CRIMES. GEORGIA. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 MURDER AND NON-NEGLIGENT MANSLAUGHTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 FORCIBLERAPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 ROBBERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 AGGRAVATEDASSAULT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 BURGLARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 LARCENY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 ARSON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 CHARACTERISTICS OF INDEX CRIMES. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS AND NON-METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS AND NON-METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS. INDEX CRIME RATES. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 CHANGES IN NUMBER OF INDEX CRIMES. GEORGIA. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 CHANGES IN NUMBER OF INDEX CRIME RATES PER 100.000 PERSONS. GEORGIA. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 INDEX CRIME TRENDS. GEORGIA. SOUTH. NATION. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 CHANGES IN NUMBER OF INDEX CRIMES. GEORGIA. SOUTH. NATION. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . 19 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CRIME AND POPULATION. GEORGIA. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 PROFILE OF REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIMES. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 PROFILE OF REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIMES. STATEWIDE. 1985-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 A. REPORTED CRIMES AGAINST CHILDREN. GEORGIA. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. REPORTED ARRESTS FOR CRIMES AGAINST CHILDREN. GEORGIA. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . 23 PROFILE OF REPORTED ARRESTS FOR INDEX CRIMES. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 COMPARISON OF NUMBER OF REPORTED INDEX CRIMES AND NUMBER OF REPORTED INDEX CRIME ARRESTS. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 GEORGIA ARRESTS FOR INDEX CRIMES BY AGE GROUP. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 PROFILE OF PERSONS ARRESTED BY SPECIFIC AGE. SEX. RACE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 ARREST RATES PER 100.000 PERSONS BY SPECIFIC AGE. SEX. RACE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 GEORGIA ARRESTS FOR INDEX CRIMES. VIOLENT. PROPERTY. BY RACE. 1972-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 PROFILE OF REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME ARRESTS. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME ARRESTS BY AGE. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME ARRESTS BY AGE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME ARREST RATES PER 100.000 PERSONS BY AGE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . 33 REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME ARRESTS STATEWIDE BY SEX AND RACE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 REPORTED DRUG ARRESTS. STATEWIDE. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 PROFILE OF REPORTED INDEX CRIME CLEARANCES. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME CLEARANCES. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 CLEARANCE RATES - INDEX CRIMES. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 CLEARANCE RATES - NON-INDEX CRIMES. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 RANKING OF COUNTIES BY NUMBER OF REPORTED INDEX CRIMES. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 RANKING OF COUNTIES BY INDEX CRIME RATES PER 100.000 PERSONS. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 A. COUNTY CRIME PROFILES. INDEX CRIMES. 1985-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. COUNTY CRIME PROFILES. NON-INDEX CRIMES. 1985-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 FULL TIME LAW ENFORCEMENT EMPLOYEES. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 RANKING OF COUNTIES BY NUMBER OF FULL TIME LAW ENFORCEMENT EMPLOYEES PER 100.000 PERSONS. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 REPORTED LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS KILLED AND ASSAULTED. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 FATAL ACCIDENTS INVOLVING DUI. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 FATALITIES INVOLVING DUI. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 TRAFFIC FATALITIES BY MONTH. LOCATION AND TYPE. 1985-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 HOLIDAYTRAFFIC TOLL. 1985-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 GBIPRODUCTIVITYDATA. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 50 CY85 SUPERIOR COURT CASELOAD (DOCKET ENTRIES) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 51 CY85 STATE COURT CASELOAD (DOCKET ENTRIES) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 52 CY85 PROBATE COURT CIVIL CASELOAD (DOCKET ENTRIES FILED) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 53 CY85 PROBATE COURT CRIMINAL CASELOAD (DOCKET ENTRIES) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 54 CY85 JUVENILE COURT CASELOAD (NUMBER OF CHILDREN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 55 FY86 MAGISTRATE COURT CASELOAD (CASES FILED) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 56 SUPREME COURT CASELOAD. 1985-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 57 CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION POPULATIONS BY TYPE. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 58 INSTITUTION POPULATION BY CURRENT AGE AND SEX. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 59 INMATE POPULATION BY RACE AND SEX. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 60 INMATE POPULATION BY RACE. AGE. AND SEX. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 61 INMATE SENTENCE LENGTH IN YEARS. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 62 INMATE SENTENCE IN YEARS BY CURRENT AGE AND SEX. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 63 INMATE CRIME CATEGORIES BY CURRENT AGE AND SEX. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 64 PROBATION POPULATION BY RACE AND SEX. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 65 PROBATION POPULATION BY AGE. SEX. RACE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 66 PROBATION POPULATION BY MOST SERIOUS CRIME TYPE. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 67 PROBATION POPULATION BY MOST SERIOUS CRIME TYPE. CURRENT AGE AND SEX. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 68 PROBATION POPULATION BY CRIME CATEGORY. CURRENT AGE AND SEX. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 69 ACTIVE PROBATIONERS ON 1ST OFFENDER STATUS. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 70 FIRST OFFENDER BY CURRENT AGE AND SEX. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 71 PROFILE OF PAROLE BOARD ACTIVITY. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 FIGURES REPORTED INCIDENTS OF CRIME .INDEX. NON.INDEX. TOTAL. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REPORTED ARRESTS FOR CRIMES .INDEX. NON.INDEX. TOTAL. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A . MURDER AND NON-NEGLIGENT MANSLAUGHTER. FIVE YEAR TREND. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. MURDER AND NON-NEGLIGENT MANSLAUGHTER. WEAPON TYPE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. MURDER AND NON-NEGLIGENT MANSLAUGHTER. PLACEOF OCCURRENCE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. FORCIBLE RAPE. FIVE YEAR TREND. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. FORCIBLE RAPE. WEAPON TYPE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. FORCIBLE RAPE. PLACE OF OCCURRENCE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. ROBBERY. FIVE YEAR TREND. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. ROBBERY. WEAPON TYPE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. ROBBERY. PLACE OF OCCURRENCE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. AGGRAVATED ASSAULT. FIVE YEAR TREND. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. AGGRAVATED ASSAULT. WEAPON TYPE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. AGGRAVATED ASSAULT. PLACE OF OCCURRENCE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. BURGLARY. FIVE YEAR TREND. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. BURGLARY. PLACE OF OCCURRENCE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. LARCENY. FIVE YEAR TREND. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. LARCENY. CRIMINAL ACTIVITY. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. LARCENY. PLACE OF OCCURRENCE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. MCYIDR VEHICLE THEFT. FIVE YEAR TREND. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT. PLACE OF OCCURRENCE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. ARSON. FIVE YEAR TREND. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. ARSON. PLACE OF OCCURRENCE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL INDEX CRIMES. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. INDEX CRIMES. FIVE YEAR TREND. 1982-1986 VIOLENT. PROPERTY AND TOTAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. INDEX CRIME RATE. FIVE YEAR TREND. 1982-1986 VIOLENT. PROPERTY AND TOTAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INDEX CRIMES. FIVE YEAR TREND. 1982-1986 GEORGIA. SOUTH AND NATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. REPORTED INDEX CRIMES. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. INDEX CRIME RATES (PER 100.000 PERSONS) 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME INCIDENTS. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REPORTED INDEX CRIME ARRESTS. FIVE YEAR TREND. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. INDEXCRIMEARRESTSBYAGE. 1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. INDEX CRIME ARRESTS BY AGE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME ARRESTS. FIVE YEAR TREND. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. NON-INDEX CRIME ARRESTS BY AGE. 1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. NON-INDEX CRIME ARRESTS BY AGE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REPORTED INDEX CRIME CLEARANCES. FIVE YEAR TREND. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME CLEARANCES. FIVE YEAR TREND. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS KILLED 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS ASSAULTED 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TRAFFIC FATALITIES. 1982-1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TRAFFIC FATALITIES BYMONTH. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GEORGIA JUDICIAL ADMINISTRATIVE DISTIUCTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SUPERIOR COURTS .FILINGS/DISPOSITIONS. 1982-1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . STATE COURTS .FILINGS/DISPOSITIONS. 1982-1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PROBATE COURTS .FILINGS/DISPOSITIONS. 1982-1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JUVENILE COURTS .FILINGS/DISPOSITIONS 1982-1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INMATE POPULATION BY RACE AND SEX. 1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INMATE SENTENCE LENGTHS. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PROBATION POPULATION BY RACE AND SEX. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PROBATION POPULATION BY CRIME TYPE. 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INTRODUCTION Georgia Criminal Justice Data, 1986 is published by the Georgia Bureau of Investigation. It is in its fourth year of publication succeeding Crime in Georgia which had been compiled in previous years by the State Crime Commission and the Criminal Justice Coordinating Council. This publication represents the culmination of planning, coordination, and discussion among many agencies and organizations of state government. It is a compilation of information from multiple segments of Georgia's criminal justice system. The reporting and analysis of the occurrence of specific crimes and subsequent arrest for a crime is the point of entrance for an individual into Georgia's criminal justice system. Georgia Criminal Justice Data, 1986 is designed to reflect the totality of the system. It proposes to contribute to the basic understanding and knowledge of just what that system includes and what it does. This publication provides a basic description of the functions of the criminal justice system, and portrays statistically through graphs, charts and tables essential workload data. As more extensive and accurate reporting systems are developed, this publication will continue toward a more comprehensive effort in the future, capable of tracking individuals through the entire justice system and communicating a clear picture of the system's collective efforts to control crime. This publication is organized into four substantive divisions: law enforcement, the courts, corrections, and pardons and paroles. The information is organized in a manner consistent with the movement of an offender through the criminal justice system. Analyses of data are made solely from data collected from each major component of the system and are confined to that component. In some instances, the amount of data is rather voluminous; in others it is minimal. Each section of this publication begins with a brief description of the overall structure of the component concerned, followed by the method by which its relevant data are collected and processed. Following this overview is a presentation of the compiled data and, where appropriate, an analysis of that data. Specific methodology and formulas used in analyses are detailed in the appendix. The concluding section contains statements of officials representing each major component, addressing critical topics relevant to Georgia's criminal justice system. I LAW ENFORCEMENT LAW ENFORCEMENT The law enforcement powers of the State of Georgia are a function of the Executive branch of government. In order to exercise enforcement powers, the state grants the power of arrest to some 730 active law enforcement agencies which can be grouped into seven major categories: (1) state law enforcement agencies, (2) municipal law enforcement agencies, (3) county police agencies, (4) county sheriff departments, (5) campus law enforcement agencies, (6) institutional and authority law enforcement agencies, and (7) other law enforcement agencies. These agencies employ 21,847 sworn officers who have the power of arrest. The majority of law enforcement functions are delegated to the respective counties and municipalitiesby the state. Most law enforcement work is done at the local level; the bulk of money allocated, the majority of personnel employed, and the greatest portion of workload measures are generated. These facts notwithstanding, the term "diversity" can appropriately be used to describe the law enforcement community within Georgia. The state retains certain specialized responsibilities because a great deal of variation exists between counties and municipalities in the provision of police services, and because law enforcement agencies change over time. State Law Enforcement Agencies The primary roles of state level law enforcement agencies are to provide technical assistance to law enforcement agencies at the local level of government and to provide services in highly specialized operational areas. Examples of these services are: investigative assistance, laboratory analysis of physical evidence through the State Crime Laboratory, training, management consulting, and the collection and analyses of crime data and criminal history information through the Georgia Crime Information Center. In addition, the state engages in operational law enforcement functions in specialized areas. Workload measures generated by six state agencies, employing 1,864 officers with arrest powers, are included with the data in this report. Those state agencies are: 1. The Georgia State Patrol whose primary operational focus is on traffic enforcement duties and highway safety. Its duties are performed by 829 sworn officers statewide. There are 47 Patrol Posts located throughout Georgia. 2. The Georgia Bureau of Investigation whose primary operational focus is on general investigations and narcotics enforcement activities. Its duties are performed by 253 sworn special agents and 41 narcotics agents. There are 13 field offices and four regional drug enforcement offices located throughout Georgia and various special units working out of headquarters. 3. The Department of Natural Resources, Game and Fish Division's Law Enforcement Unit whose operational focus is on the enforcement of all laws relating to game and fish, boating, and water safety regulation. Its duties are performed by 390 sworn conservation rangers assigned to the 159 counties in the state. 4. The Department of Revenue, Alcohol, Tobacco Tax Unit whose operatianal focus is on the enforcement of laws pertaining to the payment of any tax duties due the Department. The Unit shares concurrent jurisdiction with the Georgia Bureau of Investigation for the statewide enforcement of all laws related to the manufacture, sale, transportation, and possession of beverage alcohol and tobacco. Duties are performed by 32 sworn law enforcement agents. 5. The Investigation Division, State Examining Boards, Securities Investigation Unit, and the Secretary of State whose operational focus is on the investigation of both misdemeanor and felony violations of laws governing the licensing of certain professions (i.e., doctors, pharmacists, private detectives, etc.), verification and enforcement of provisions of the State Elections Code and the enforcement of securities regulation laws. Duties are performed by 34 sworn investigators who operate from offices in Atlanta. 6. The Permits and Enforcement Division, Department of Transportation whose operational focus is on the enforcement of regulations governing the size and weight of vehicles operating on public roads, the enforcement of licensing and fuel tax registration requirements, and the enforcement of all state laws on properties owned or controlled by the Department of Transportation. Duties are performed by 285 sworn officers located in state highway districts. In addition to the law enforcement agencies identified above, the state has several other specialized agencies which are vested with arrest powers. These agencies are included in one of the other categories enumerated below (e.g., campus police, authority police, Georgia Drugs and Narcotics Agency, State Fire Marshal, Farmer's Market Police, etc.). Local Law Enforcement Agencies The primary role of local-level law enforcement is to provide police services to the citizens of an agency's geographically defined jurisdiction. These services are provided at the local level by one or more of the three types of local agencies: municipal police agencies, county police agencies, and county sheriffs' departments. Within the State of Georgia there are 540 local law enforcement agencies which employ 13,290 sworn officers authorized to exercise the power of arrest. 1 . Municipal Police Departments. Municipal police agencies derive law enforcement powers through delegation from the state under the constitutional principle of "home rule", or local autonomy. These agencies are generally responsible for the enforcement of all state criminal laws, traffic laws, and municipal ordinances. Municipal police agencies employ more law enforcement officers than any other type of agency. Presently, 367 municipalitiesfund police departments which employ a total of 6,821 sworn officers. These agencies range in size from 1 to 1,299 officers with the majority having 15 or fewer sworn officers. 2. County Sheriffs' Departments. The office of Sheriff in Georgia is considered to be both a constitutional and county office. The Sheriff of each county derives his law enforcement powers from general laws enacted by the General Assembly in accordance with the 1983 Constitution of the State of Georgia. Sworn deputies derive arrest powers from the sheriff. Each of Georgia's 159 counties has a sheriff whose principal duties involve serving as: (1) the chief law enforcement officer of the county, (2) an officer of the county courts, and (3) the official jailer of the county. The 159 sheriffs' departments in Georgia employ a total of 4,693 sworn officers authorized to en- force all criminal laws of the state and to enforce county ordinances when so authorized by the county commission or local acts of the General Assembly. In the 14 counties that have created county police departments, the sheriffs office tends to focus on the duties of jail operations and service to the courts. 3. County Police Departments. County police agencies derive their law enforcement powers through delegation from the state under the constitutional principle of "home rule". They are generally empowered to enforce all state criminal laws, traffic laws, and county ordinances. There are currently 14 county police departments in the state which employ a total of 1,776 sworn officers. Campus Law Enforcement Agencies Educational institutions within the State of Georgia have the authority to establish law enforcement agencies with powers similar to those of other state and local law enforcement agencies. These campus police agencies are divided into two basic types of agencies: 1. State operated colleges and universities, which operate under the authority of the Board of Regents, are empowered to employ campus police officers and other security personnel who have arrest powers for all state criminal and traffic violations committed upon any property within the state which is under the jurisdiction of the Board of Regents and upon any public or private property within 500 yards of any property under the jurisdiction of the Board. 2. Private colleges and universities operated under the authority of the State Board of Education are empowered to employ campus police officers who have the power of arrest for all state criminal and traffic violations committed upon the grounds or buildings of the particular educational facility employing the officer and upon any public or private property within 500 yards of the educational facility. 6 There are currently 35 campus police agencies within the state which employ a total of 533 sworn police officers. State Authorities' and Institutions' Law Enforcement Agencies The various state statutes creating specific authorities (i.e., Stone Mountain Authority, Lake Lanier Islands Authority, Georgia Ports Authority, MARTA, etc.) and those statutes which govern certain types of institutions (i.e., Central State Hospital, Youth Development Centers, etc.) empower some of these agencies to employ police officers. The police employees of these agencies are empowered to enforce all state criminal and traffic laws upon the property under the institution or authority's jurisdiction. There are currently 7 police agencies in Georgia under this category. These agencies employ a total of 154 sworn police officers. There are an additional 5,312 sworn employees of the Department of Corrections who have the power of arrest and work in institutional settings. These Department of Corrections employees have not been included in the total number of police officers because they are included within the Corrections section of this publication. Other Law Enforcement Agencies Various independent statutes within the Official Code of Georgia grant degrees of arrest power to certain employees of state, local, and private agencies, which do not lend themselves to easy categorization. These employees range from county marshals to court officers, to investigators employed by district attorneys and solicitors, to railroad police officers, and others. There are currently 59 such agencies within the state which employ a total of 510 sworn officers. Law Enforcement, Crime Data Reporting, Collection and Interpretation Georgia's crime reporting system is patterned after that of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. It is designed to collect two types of crime data from Georgia's law enforcement agencies accordingto standardized definitionsand procedures. The first type of data collected represent Part I offenses which include counts for the crimes of murder and non-negligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson. The first four offenses are violent crimes or crimes against persons; the remaining four are property crimes. Because of their seriousness, frequency of occurrence, and likelihood of being reported, these crimes are thought of as forming an index of the crime problem; consequently, these offenses are often referred to as Index crimes. Counts for less serious crimes, (Part 11 Offenses) often referred to as Non-Index crimes, are also collected and analyzed. The law enforcement data in this publication are provided from two sources, the Georgia Crime Information Center and the Georgia Department of Public Safety. The primary responsibility for collecting and reporting dzta relating to criminal violations, traffic accidents, and traffic violations falls upon the agency in whose jurisdiction the violations occur. A myriad of 730 law enforcement agencies collect and report data to the two state agencies responsible for collating and analyzing this information. This information is compiled and analyzed in publications such as Georgia Criminal Justice Data, as well as in specific reports used for policy decisions and research activities. The data provided in this publication comprising Georgia crime statistics are derived from actual reports submitted to the Georgia Crime Information Center by law enforcement agencies statewide. The FBI provides statistical data on criminal activity on a nationwide basis. Those tables comparing criminal activity in Georgia with that of the South and the Nation use FBI statistical data for comparisons. State law requires all criminal justice agencies to submit to the Georgia Crime Information Center information concerning crimes reported by the public and crimes otherwise processed by the agency. Agencies must also submit fingerprints and other identifying data on persons arrested within each agency's jurisdiction. These reports are collected on forms or in a format prescribed by the Georgia Crime Information Center. The validity of this information is dependent upon the original sources of the information - the criminaljustice agencies located throughout the state. State law also requires the submission of certain types of data on traffic accidents and traffic law violations to the Department of Public Safety. All data concerning traffic accidents and violations contained in this report were obtained from the Department of Public Safety or the federal agencies to which it reports. Crime Data Interpretation Several precautions in interpreting crime data should be observed. First, it is well established that many more crimes occur than are ever reported. Thus, depending on the type of crime and type of victim, statistics based on the number of crimes reported to law enforcement agencies may underestimate the number of crimes that actually take place. Because the size and variation of this "hidden figure of crime" is not known, caution should be exercised in assuming that changes in crime trends reflect changes in criminal behavior. Second, the Georgia Crime Information Center does not include estimates for incidents or arrests that occur but are not reported. Such estimates are included in the FBI's Crime in the United States. The number of law enforcement agencies failing to report criminal activity to the GCIC has decreased in recent years (7.4% failed to report in 1986JAgain, changes in the number of reported incidents and arrests may not necessarily reflect the actual level of change in law enforcement activity. Also, there is evidence that changes in the actual number of crimes committed normally coincide with changes in population demographics. Accordingly, historical comparisons of the number of crimes reported may be misleading if the accompanying demographic changes are not considered. The same is true for inter-jurisdictional comparisons; it is expected that communities with different populations will have different crime problems. The use of crime rates in making comparisons minimizes these problems. Readers are cautioned that crime rates cited are reliable indications of crime only to the extent that population estimates are accurate, that crimes are reported by victims, and the Uniform Crime Reports are submitted to the Georgia Crime Information Center by law enforcement agencies. Due to its uniformity and comprehensiveness, the state's crime statistics data base is very useful for describing Georgia's crime problem over time and in making tentative comparisons of Georgia's data with comparable demographics. SUMMARY OF CRIME IN GEORGIA Crimes In 1986, 329,144 Index and 240,003 Non-Index offenses were reported by Georgia law enforcement agencies. Table 1 and Figure 1 indicate the trends in both Index, Non-Index and combined Index and Non-Index offenses from 1982-1986. Index offenses show an increase in 1984, 1985 and 1986. Non-Index offenses demonstrated a pattern of increase until 1986 with 1985 recording the highest figure for the entire five year period. (Note: The 1986 Non-Index offense total does not include DUI offenses which were not available as of print date.) Arrests In 1986,54,493arrests for Index offenses and 171,357 arrests for Non-index offenses were reported. Table 2 and Figure 2 demonstrate the trends in arrests for the two main crime categories as well as the total for all crimes. The trends in each category are consistent as both show decreases for 1983 and 1984. The consistency of decrease changes in 1985 with an increase in arrests for Index crimes. (Note: The 1986 NonIndex arrest total does not include DUI arrests which were not available as of print date.) This section will further detail the trends in incidents and arrests for Index and Non-Index offenses and offer possible explanations. Table 1 REPORTED INCIDENTS OF CRIME l 9 8 2 l 9 8 6 Index Non-Index 289,554 221,954 251,164 241,698 259,253 258,645 Totalcrimes 511,508 492,862 517,898 Source: Georgia Crime Information Center *Figures for 1986 do not include DUI which is unavailable as of print date. Figure 1 296,304 282,549 578,853 329,144 240,003 569,147 600 j REPORTED INCIDENTS OF CRIME - INDEX. NON-INDEX. TOTAL, 1982 1986 1 1982 1983 n INDEX 1984 YEAR c NON-INDEX 1985 o TOW 1986 Table 2 REPORTED ARRESTS FOR CRIMES 1982-1986 Index Non-Index 54,944 256,589 48,520 244,109 46,602 238,238 52,843 226,077 TotalArrests 311,533 292,629 284,840 278,920 Source: Georgia Crime Information Center *I986 Non-Index arrest total does not include DUI which is unavailable as of print date. 54,493 171,357 225,850 Figure 2 REPORTED ARRESTS FOR CRIMES - INDEX, NON-INDEX. TOTAL, 1982 1986 G INDEX + NON-INDEX 0 TOTAL INCIDENTS OF CRIME: CHARACTERISTICS, TRENDS, COMPARISONS Profile of Index Crime in Georgia In 1986, Georgians reported 329,144 Index crimes to law enforcement agencies (see Table 3). Included in this total were 653 murders, 2,827 forcible rapes, 13,315 robberies, 19,098 aggravated assaults, 86,619 burglaries, 177,440 larcenies, 27,868 motor vehicle thefts, and 1,324 arsons. Larcenies accounted for the highest percentage (53.9%) of the total number of Index crimes, and burglaries made up the second highest category (26.3%). Overall, 10.9 percent of the Index crimes were violent crimes commited against persons; 89.1 percent were property offenses. Based on the 1986population estimate for Georgia of 6,055,207, for each 100,000persons in the state, 592.8 violent crimes and 4,843.0 property crimes were reported, producing an Index crime rate of 5,435.7 (see Appendix for the rate computation formula). While counts for the eight Index crimes illustrate the magnitude of the problem, the nature of serious criminal behavior can be further identified by examining pertinent details of individual crimes (see Tables 4-11). SUMMARY OF CRIME CHARACI'ERISTICS, 1986 The crimes of murder, forcible rape, and aggravated assault typically involve people who know one another or have had some contact in the past (see Table 12). On the other hand, assuming that most of the unreported relationships between victims and offenders are stranger-to-stranger, robberies, burglaries, larcenies, and motor vehicle thefts are usually committed by strangers. Weapon type and crime also show a certain correlation. In crimes of murder and robbery, firearms were the most frequently used weapon (53.8 % and 41.6 % respectively). Similarly, the weapon most used in the crime of forcible rape was handslfists, etc. (48.1%) while in the crime of aggravated assault, other dangerous weapons was the most frequent type used (33.7%) . In 1986, $299,392,205 in property was reported stolen during the commission of Index crimes. Motor vehicle thefts accounted for the greatest loss ($148,999,171) followed by larcenies ($11,609,805), burglaries ($71,326,547), and robberies ($7,287,657). The average value of property stolen during each motor vehicle theft was $5,347, compared to $823 during each burglary, $547 during each robbery, and $404 during each larceny. With the exception of robbery, most Index crimes occurred in either residences or parks, public buildings and other places. Streetslalleys and business establishments were generally less likely Index crime locations. Table 3 PROFILE OF REPORTED INDEX CRIMES, GEORGIA 1986 'me Murder Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault Reported 653 2,827 13,315 19,098 % of Total 0.2% 0.9% 4.0% 5.8% Total Violent Crime 35,893 10.9% Burglary Larceny Motor Vehicle Theft Arson 86,619 177,440 27,868 1,324 26.3% 53.9% 8.5% 0.4% Total Property Crime 293,251 89.1% Total Index Crime 329,144 100.0% Source: Georgia Crime Information Center Rate per 100,000 10.8 46.7 219.9 315.4 592.8 1,430.5 2,930.4 460.2 21.9 4,843.0 5,435.7 Table 4 MURDER AND NON-NEGLIGENT MANSLAUGHTER DEFINITION Murder and non-negligent manslaughter are defined as the willful killing of one human being by another. Deaths caused by negligence, suicide, accident, or justifiable homicide are not included in the count for this offense classification. Attempts to murder or assaults to murder are scored as aggravated assaults and not as murder. TREND Number % Change from Rate per % Change from Year reported Previous Year 1~~ Previous Year Percentage change from 1982 to 1986 - in number of reported crimes: -12.2% - in rate per 100,000: -17.6% CHARACTERISTICS, 1986 - - - - Victim-Offender Relationship Unknown Non-Stranger to Non-Stranger Stranger-to-Stranger Q p e Weapon Used Place of Occurrence Firearm Unknown Other Dangerous Weapon Cutting Tool Hands, Fists, etc. Residence Parks, Public Buildings, and Other Places Business Establishment Street, Alley Months of Highest Occurrence Value of Property Stolen During Offense December September February $44,741.OO Total $69.00 Per Incident ArrestICrimes Ratio Profile of Persons Arrested Arrests 2.8 % 18.8% 21.5% 20.1 % 12.1% 24.7% Age 16 and Under 17-21 22-26 27-31 32-36 37 andover Sex: Male Female 82.9% 17.1% Race: White 39.3% Non-White 60.7% Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100% Source: Georgia Crime Information Center; Office of Planning and Budget Ropulation Estimate 12 Figure 3A MURDER AND NOX-NEG MANSLAUGHTER YEAR n 1982-1986 Figure 3B MURDER & NON-NEGLIGENT MANSLAUGHTER firearm (53.8%) Figure 3C MURDER & NON-NEGLIGENT MANSLAUGHTER PLACE OF OCCURRENCE, 1986 pub area Table 5 FORCIBLE RAPE DEFINITION Forcible rape is the carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will. This category includes assaults or attempts to commit forcible rape by force or threat of force, but not statutory rape (without force) or other sex offenses. TREND Number % Change from Rate per % Change from Year Reported Previous Year 100,000 Previous Year Percentage change from 1982 to 1986 - in number of reported crimes: 15.2% - in rate per 100,000: 7.8% CHARACTERISTICS, 1986 Victim-Offender Relationship Type Weapon Used Place of Occurrence Months of Highest Occurrence Value of Property Stolen During Offense ArrestICrimes Ratio Profile of Persons Arrested 5.3 % 24.8% 21.3% 19.6% 12.2% 16.7% Age 16 and under 17-21 22-26 27-31 32-36 37andover Non-Stranger-to-Non-Stranger Stranger-to-Stranger Unknown Hands, Fists, etc. Other Dangerous Weapon Unknown Cutting Tool Firearm Parks, Public Buildings, and Other Places Residence Street, Alley Business Establishment September June July $124,284.00 Total $44.00 Per Incident Arrests Sex: Male Female 97.8% 2.2% Race: White 26.8% Non-White 73.2 % Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100% Source: Georgia Crime Information Center; Office of Planning and Budget Population Estimate 2.9 ' 2.8 - 2.7 2.6 2.5 - Figure 4A FORCIBLE RAPE FIYE YEAR TREND __- _ - -4 3 2.827 2.3 2.2 - 2.1 1982 T- 1983 7 1984 YEAR n 1982 - 1986 Figure 4B FORCIBLE RAPE WEAPON TYPE. 1986 uaknonn (14.7%) /-' /-------- 1 1985 1986 cutting tool (10.6%) other (17.6%) pub area Figure 4C FORCIBLE RAPE PLACE OF OCCURRENCE. 1986 Table 6 ROBBERY DEFINITION Robbery is taking or attempting to take anythmg of value from the care, custody, or control of a person or persons by force or threat of force or violence and/or by putting the victim in fear. TREND Number % Change from Rate per % Change from Year Reported Previous Year 100,000 Previous Year Percentage change from 1982 to 1986 - in number of reported crimes: 36.4% - in rate per 100,000: 27.5% CHARACTERISTICS, 1986 Victim-Offender Relationship 49.3 % 38.2% 12.6 % Stranger-to-Stranger Unknown Non-Stranger-to-Non-Stranger Type Weapon Used Place of Occurrence Firearm Hands, Fist, etc. Other Dangerous Weapon Cutting Tool Unknown Street, Alley Business Establishment Residence Parks, Public Buildings, and Other Places Months of Highest Occurrence Value of Property Stolen During Offense 10.1% 9.4% 9.0% January December October $7,287,657.00 Total $547.00 Per Incident Arrest/Crimes Ratio Profile of Persons Arrested 2,964 Arrests 5.4 % 28.2% 27.8% 19.4% 10.6% 8.6% Age 16 and under 17-21 22-26 27-31 32-36 37 and over Sex: Male Female 92.4% 7.6% Race: White 20.3% Non-White 79.7 % Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100% Source: Georgia Crime Information Center; Office of Planning and Budget Population Estimate 18 14 13 - 12 - 11 - 1@z163 f 9 - 8 1982 Figure 5A ROBBERY FIVE YEAR TREND I 1983 I 1984 YEAR 5 1982 - 1986 Figure 5B ROBBERY WE O N TYPE. 1986 u~o~*Po..x) 1 1985 13,315 1 1986 cutting tool (10.0%) 19 Figure 5C ROBBERY PLACE OF OCCURRENCE. 1986 street (40.2%) Table 7 AGGRAVATED ASSAULT DEFINITION Aggravated assault is the unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purpose of inflicting severe bodily injury. This type of assault is usually accompanied by the use of a weapon or other means likely to produce death or serious bodily harm. Attempts are included since it is not necessary that an injury result when a gun, knife, or other weapon is used which could and probably would result in serious personal injury if the crime is successfully completed. TREND Number % Change from Rate per % Change from Year Reported Previous Year 100,000 Previous Year Percentage change from 1982 to 1986 - in number of reported crimes: 15.8% - in rate per 100,000: 8.3% CHARACTERISTICS, 1986 Victim-Offender Relationship 'Qpe Weapon Used Place of Occurrence Months of Highest Occurrence ArrestICrimes Ratio Profile of Persons Arrested 57.9 % 26.7 % 15.3% 33.7 % 32.2% 28.5 % 4.7% 1 .O% 45.0 % 33.1% 11.4% 10.5 % 10.7% 10.2% 9.3% .52 10,033 Non-Stranger-to-Non-Stranger Unknown Stranger-to-Stranger Other Dangerous Weapon Firearm Cutting Tool Hands, Fists, etc. Unknown Parks, Public Buildings, and Other Places Residence Street, Alley Business Establishment June July August Arrests Age 3.7 % 16 and under Sex: Male 15.3% 17-21 Female 21.6% 22-26 19.6% 27-31 12.9% 32-36 Race: White 26.8 % 37 and over Non-White -- -- - Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100% Source: Gwrgia Crime Information Center; Office of Planning and Budget Population Estimate 2 1 82.1% 17.9% 34.7% 65.3 % Figure 6A YEAR D 1982-1986 Figure 6B AGGRAVATED ASSAULT WEAPON TYPE. 1986 unknown (1.0%) Figure 6C AGGRAVATED ASSAULT PLACE OF OCCURRENCE. 1986 Table 8 BURGLARY DEFINITION Burglary is defined as the unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or theft. The use of force to gain entry is not required to classify the crime as a burglary. TREND Number % Change from Rate per % Change from Year Reported Previous Year 100,000 Previous Year Percentage change from 1982 to 1986 - in number of reported crimes: 5.3% - in rate per 100,000: -1.6% CHARACTERISTICS, 1986 Victim-Offender Relationship 81.3% 13.0% 5.7 % Unknown Stranger-to-Stranger Non-Stranger-to-Non-Stranger Place of Occurrence Months of Highest Occurrence Value of Property Stolen During Offense 66.5% 20.6 % 12.7 % 0.2% 9.1 % 9.0 % 8.9% Residence Business Establishment Parks, Public Buildings, and Other Places Street, Alley August September July $71,326,547.00 Total $823.00 Per Incident ArrestICrimes Ratio .10 Profile of Persons Arrested 8,961 Arrests 12.0% 37.7% 22.2% 13.1% 7.9% 7.1% Age 16andunder 17-21 22-26 27-31 32-36 37andover Sex: Male Female 93.5% 6.5% Race: White 43.4% Non-White 56.6% Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100% Source: Georgia Crime Information Center; Office of Planning and Budget Population Estimate 87 86 85 84 - 8*~256 82 81 - 1 79 78 - 77 - 76 - 75 - 74 - 73 - 72 71 - 70 - 69 Figure 7A BURGLARY FIVE YEAR TREND 19 r--- IF- YEAR D 1982 - 1986 Figure 7B 3 URGLARY Table 9 LARCENY DEFINITION Larceny is the unlawful taking, carrying, leading, or riding away of property from the possession or constructive possession of another. It includes crimes such as shoplifting, pocketpicking, purse-snatching, thefts from motor vehicles, thefts of motor vehicle parts and accessories, bicycle thefts, etc., in which no use of force, violence, or fraud occurs. TREND Number % Change from Year Reported Previous Year 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 158,935 137,642 142,732 164,143 177,440 - 2.1% - 13.4% 3.7% 15.0% 8.1% Percentage change from 1982 to 1986 - in number of reported crimes: 11.6% - in rate per 100,000: 4.4% Rate per 100,000 2,807.9 2,390.1 2,436.6 2,755.7 2,930.4 % Change from Previous Year - 3.8% - 14.9% 1.9% 13.1% 6.3% CHARACTERISTICS, 1986 Victim-Offender Relationship Criminal Activity 69.6% 2 1.9% 8.5 % Place of Occurrence Months of Highest Occurrence Value of Property Stolen During Offense 35.0% 32.4% 29.2% 3.3% 10.0% 9.2% 9.1% ArrestICrimes Ratio Profile of Persons Arrested .16 28,038 Unknown Stranger-to-Stranger Non-Stranger-to-Non-Stranger From motor vehicle1 Auto accessories Other thefts Shoplifting From building Bicycles Purse snatching From coin machines Pocket-picking Business Establishment Parks, Public Buildings, and Other Places Residence Street, Alley April July August $71,609,805.00 Total $404.00 Per Incident Arrests 1 1.6% 28.5% 19.5% 15.3% 9.8% 15.3% Age 16 and under 17-21 22-26 27-31 32-36 37andover Sex: Male Female 69.2% 30.8% Race: White 41.4% Non-White 58.6% Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100% Source: Georgia Crime Information Center; Office of Planning and Budget Population Estimate Figure 8A LARCENY other YEAR 1982-1986 Figure 8B LARCENY Figure 8C LARCENY PLACE OF OCCURRENCE, 1986 street (3.3%) residence (29.2%) Table 10 MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT DEFINITION Motor vehicle theft is defined as the theft or attempted theft of a motor vehicle. This definition excludes taking for temporary use by those persons having lawful access to the vehicle. TREND Number % Change from Rate per % Change from Year Reported Previous Year 100,000 Previous Year Percentage change from 1982 to 1986 - in number of reported crimes: 56.9% - in rate per 100,000: 46.6% CHARACTERISTICS, 1986 Victim-Offender Relationship 76.1 % 13.6% 10.3% Unknown Stranger-to-Stranger Non-Stranger-to-Non-Stranger Place of Occurrence 44.2% Parks, Public Buildings, and Other Places Residence Business Establishment Street, Alley Months of Highest Occurrence August October July Value of Property Stolen During Offense $148,999,171.00 Total $5,347.00 Per Incident ArrestICrimes Ratio .09 Profile of Persons Arrested 2,517 Arrests 14.7 % 37.8% 18.6% 12.3% 7.6% 9.0% Age 16 and under 17-21 22-26 27-31 32-36 37andover Sex: Male Female 93.3% 6.7% Race: White 41.0% Non-White 59.0% Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100% Source: Georgia Crime Information Center; Office of Planning and Budget Population Estimate Figure 9A MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT D 198Y2E-AR1986 Figure 9B MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT PLACE OF OCCURRENCE. 1986 pub area (44.2%) Table 11 ARSON DEFINITION Arson is defined as any willful or malicious burning or attempt to burn, with or without intent to defraud, a dwelling house, public building, motor vehicle or aircraft, personal property of another, etc. Only fires determined through investigation to have been willfully or maliciously set are classified as arsons. Fires of suspicious or unknown origins are excluded. TREND Number % Change from Rate per % Change from Year Reported Previous Year 100,000 Previous Year Percentage change from 1982 to 1986 - in number of reported crimes: 14.7% - in rate per 100,000: 7.4% CHARACTERISTICS, 1986 Victim-Offender Relationship Place of Occurrence Months of Highest Occurrence ArrestICrimes Ratio Profile of Persons Arrested Unknown Non-Stranger-to-Non-Stranger Stranger-to-Stranger Residence Parks, Public Buildings, and Other Places Business Establishment Street, Alley June July AugustIJanuary Arrests Sex: Male Female 79.9% 20.1 % Race: White 63.2% Non-White 36.8 % Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100% Source: Gwrgia Crime Information Center; Office of Planning and Budget Population Estimate Figure 1OA ARSON FIVE YEAR TREND 1.34 7 -- I - YEAR 0 1982 1986 Figure 10B ARSON PLACE OF OCCURRENCE, 1986 residence (54.5%) 32 Figure 11 % O F TOTAL INDEX CRIMES, 1986 1 Oe6 53.9% MUR RAP ROB AGA BUR LAR MVT ARS CRIME TYPE % OF TOTAL Table 12 CHARACI'ERISTICS OF INDEX CRIMES, 1986 Forcible Aggravated Murder Rape Robbery Assault Burglary Larceny Motor Vehicle Theft Arson Victim-Perpetrator Relationship (%) Reported Strangerto-Stranger Reported nonstranger-tonon-stranger Relationship not known 8.6% 39.2% 52.2% 31.7% 41.3% 27.0% 49.3% 12.6% 38.2% 15.3% 57.9% 26.7% 13.0% 5.7% 81.3% 21.9% 8.5% 69.6% 13.6% 12.5% 10.3 % 76.1% 15.4% 72.1 % Weapon Used (%) Firearm Cutting Tool Hands, fists, etc. Other dangerous weapons Unknown 53.8% 13.5% 9.0% 10.6% 41.6% 10.0% 3.5% 48.1% 31.7% 13.6% 15.6% 17.6% 14.7% 16.0% 0.7% 32.2% 28.5% 4.7% 33.7% 1 .O% Property Stolen Total value Value per incident $44,741 $124,284 $7,287,657 $ 69$ 44$ 547 $71,326,547 $71,609,805 $148,999,171 $ 823 $ 404 $ 5,347 Occurrence (%) Street, alley Service station Chain store Bank Other commercial business Residence Public areas, other buildings, & unknown 7.5% 0.5% 0.9% 0.0% 11.7% 0.5% 0.7% 0.0% 6.6% 43.8% 5.1% 40.4% 40.7% 41.6% 40.2% 2.4% 10.7% 1.6% 23.7% 12.1% 9.2% 11.4% 0.4% 1.3% 0.1 % 8.7% 33.1% 45.0% 0.2% 0.6% 1.4% 0.0% 18.5% 66.5% 12.7% 3.3% 2.2% 6.8% 0.1% 25.9% 29.2% 32.4% 5.6% 0.8% 1.1% 0.1% 6.5% 0.2% 1.4% 0.2% 19.1 % 29.1 % 14.4% 54.5% 44.2% 22.7% Note: Due to rounding or missing data, percentages do not always total 100%. Source: Georgia Crime Information Center GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF CRIME Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA's) are geographical subdivisions composed of a core city with a population of at least 50,000 or an urbanized area of at least 50,000 population and a total metropolitan area population of at least 100,000combined with economically/socially related counties: MSA's experienced the highest crime rates in the state in all categories of Part I crimes (See Table 14). Georgia's eight MSA's currently account for 63.3 percent of the state's population yet they include only 38 of the 159 counties. In comparison of overall crime rates, MSA's more than double (6,701) the non-MSA rate for rural areas (3,252) (See Table 13). These tables indicate the importance of population density as one factor in the number of crimes committed in an area. Table 40 provides specific crime rates for the individual counties that are the components of the MSAInon-MSA breakdown. The ranking of counties by crime rate in Table 40 also indicates that many of the counties that are part of an MSA rank high in the listing. v1ETROPOLITAN STATISTICAL MA COUNTY Albany, GA MSA Dougherty Lee Albany, GA MSA Total Athens, GA M SA Clarke Jackson Madison Oconee Athens, GA MSA Total Atlanta, GA MSA Barrow Butts' Cherokee Clayton Cobb Coweta DeKalb Douglas Fayette Forsyth Fulton Gw~nnett Henry Newton Pauld~ng Rockdale Spaldlng Walton Atlanta, GA MSA Total Augusta, GA MSA Columbla Rlchrnond McDuffie i2ugusta. GA MSA Total 'hattanwga, TN-GA MSA Dade Catwsa Walker 'hattanooga, TN-GA MSA Total ~lumbus, GAAL MSA Chatta hoochee Muscocee 'alumbus, GA-AL MSA Total acon, GA M SA B~bb Houston Jones Peach :.%con, GA MSA Total \lwtnnah, GA hlSA Chatham Eftingham ~dnnahG, A \1SA Total POPULATION 109,849 15,836 141,614 23,779 15,264 66,129 175,193 344,277 43,142 518,475 72,222 49,282 34,498 621,144 244,454 46,735 38,872 31,347 50,557 52,126 35 898 2,463,394 53,317 197,382 20,325 271,024 13,297 40,893 58,479 112,669 22,830 178.537 213,719 21,193 234.912 trol Outside \fSA's ,.it State ipencles Reponlng 3; State 2,220,799 6,055,207 turce. Georg~aCrime Informat~onCenter 8 OF TOTAL Table 13 MSAINON MSA's, 1986 AGGRAVATED MURDER RAPE ROBBERY ASSAULT MOTOR VEHICLE BURGLARY LARCENY THEFT PART I CImVE CRIME ARSON TOTAL RATE 2 3% 40 7% 4 5% 19% 8 64 3 8 1 3 3 8 5 50 23 107 3 9 33 253 3 12 2 3 0 8 209 939 5 65 3 9 8 14 3 2 I I1 5 24 7 8 317 1,533 2 7 23 % 0 0 25 103 0 0 0 0 2 18 2 18 112 12 9 18 228 562 20 1,529 38 8 5 6,575 189 15 25 8 20 59 13 9, 333 14 465 1 480 3 8 14 25 0 0 0 28 % 349 432 54 8 74 372 393 50 867 108 39 27 7,691 415 74 143 47 143 225 30 10,760 70 408 3 48 I 13 23 7 1 107 5 327 1,744 278 1 10 420 2,312 4,281 467 10,653 580 369 444 19,881 3,516 507 574 264 490 750 293 46,189 457 3,565 66 4,088 78 214 542 834 4,129 586 84 650 5,490 10,446 722 22,992 1,301 750 680 42.333 7,999 854 996 399 1,191 1,639 411 99,525 726 5,841 104 6,671 97 383 640 1,120 376 71 17 96 823 2,012 79 4,395 230 73 121 10,480 1,201 124 72 63 131 162 45 20,195 70 677 6 753 25 9 1 118 234 35 6,900 4,852 5 1,017 0 232 8 1,277 27 9,307 95 17,919 6 1,356 102 40,824 18 2,290 2 1,246 9 1.294 74 88,182 120 13.510 6 1,592 21 1,853 7 793 3 1,990 16 2,880 2 XI1 521 188,373 7,647 6 1,352 50 11,125 0 180 56 12,657 4,670 5 221 4 723 15 1,420 24 2,364 2,098 18 2,173 18 5.990 3 1 45 533 74 9.570 3 9% 41 138 737 0 6 9 41 144 746 36.7% 100 0 % 185 688 0 117 653 2,827 1,629 166 13,315 669 4,580 10,436 703 92 17,396 18 137 182 28 4 384 687 4.717 10.618 731 96 17.780 7.569 5,268 177 19,098 21,247 649 86,619 38,711 287 177,440 4,019 470 72,217 3,252 89 27.868 83 1,568 1,324 329,144 5,436 Table 14 MSAINON-MSA INDEX CRIME RATES, 1986 AGGRAVATED MOTOR MURDER RAPE ROBBERY ASSAULT BURGLARY LARCENY VEH THEFT ARSOh TOTAL MSA 12.2 55.8 304.8 360.7 1,704.9 3,618.0 622.0 22.3 NON-MSA 8.3 31.0 73.4 237.2 956.7 1,743.1 181.0 21.2 Source: Georgia Crime Information Center CRIME TRENDS AND COMPARISONS The five year trend from 1982-1986indicates that Index crimes peaked during 1986. After a sharp decline in 1983, figures are again on an upward pattern. The total increase for Index crimes in 1986 was 11.1 percent (Table 15). Examination of rates for individual Index crimes shows that all increased in 1985 and 1986 with the exception of rape which dropped by 0.8 percent in 1986 (Table 16). Table 17 indicates that Georgia, the South and the United States experienced an increase for Index crimes for 1986. CHANGES IN CRIME RATES Crime rates must be interpreted with the understanding that they are the product of changes in both the number of crimes reported and population. For this reason, analysis of crime rate comparison is important since comparable groups, whether counties or states or specific groups of persons of a certain age range, race, or sex, can be compared to determine a rate per 100,000 persons. Table 19 relates crime and population from 1982-1986. Table 15 CHANGES IN NUMBER OF INDEX CRIMES GEORGIA, 1982-1986 Type of Crime 1982 1983 1984 1985 Murder (% Change) Forcible Rape (% Change) Robbery (% Change) Aggravated Assault (% Change) Total violent crime (% Change) Burglary (% Change) Larceny (% Change) Motor vehicle theft (% Change) Arson (% Change) Total property crime (% Change) 29,444 -0.5% 82,256 -7.4% 26,442 - 10.2% 70,080 -14.8% 28,168 6.5% 69,659 -0.6% 30,220 7.3% 77,809 11.7% 17,765 -1.6% 1,154 -6.9% 260,110 -3.8% 15,954 - 10.2% 1,046 -9.4% 224,722 - 13.6% 17,626 10.5% 1,068 2.1% 23 1,085 2.8% 22,868 29.7% 1,264 18.4% 266,084 15.1% Total Index crime (% Change) 289,554 -3.5% 251,164 -13.3% 259,253 3.2% 296,304 14.3 % Source: Georgia Crime Information Center 1986 35,893 18.8% 86,619 11.3% 27,868 21.9% 1,324 4.7% 293,251 10.2% 329,144 11.1% Table 16 CHANGES IN INDEX CRIME RATES PER 100,000 PERSONS GEORGIA, 1982-1986 Type of Crime Murder (% Change) Forcible Rape (% Change) Robbery (% Change) Aggravated Assault (% Change) Total violent crime (% Change) Burglary (% Change) Larceny (% Change) Motor vehicle theft (% Change) Arson (% Change) Total property crime (% Change) 1982 520.1 -2.3% 4,595.4 -5.5% 1983 459.2 -11.7% 3,902.2 -15.1% 1984 1985 1986 480.9 4.7% 507.3 5.5% 592.8 16.9% 3,944.9 1.1% 4,467.1 13.2% 4,843.0 8.4% 1982 1986 14.0% 5.4% Total Index crime (% Change) 5,115.5 -5.2% Source: Georgia Crime Information Center 4,361.4 - 14.7% 4,425.8 1.5% 4,974.4 12.4% 5,435.7 9.3% 6.3% Table 17 INDEX CRIME TRENDS GEORGIA, SOUTH, NATION, l982-1986 Georgia South Nation 1982 % Change 288,400 4,220,401 12,857,218 -3.5% -1.1% -3.3% 1983 % Change 250,118 3,932,209 11,955,815 -13.3% -6.8% -7.0% 1984 % Change 258,185 3,892,887 11,597,141 3.2% -1.0% -3.0% 1985 % Change 295,040 4,302,605 12,430,026 14.3% 10.5% 7.2% 1986 % Change 327,820 4,737,858 13,210,698 11.1% 10.1% 6.3% Arson totals are not included in this table. Source: FBI, Uniform Crime Reporting Preliminary Annual Release: Crime in the United States I Georgia Crime Information Center Type of Crime Murder (% Change) Forcible Rape (% Change) Robbery (% Change) Aggravated Assault (% Change) Total violent crime (% Change) Burglary (% Change) Larceny (% Change) Motor vehicle theft (% Change) Total property crime (% Change) Total Index crime (% Change) Table 18 CHANGES IN NUMBER OF INDEX CRIMES GEORGIA, SOUTH, NATION, 1982-1986 Georgia 1982 1986 South 1982 1986 Nation 1982 1986 82,256 158,935 86,619 5.3% 177,440 11.6% 17,765 27,868 56.9% 1,175,464 2,325,972 1,262,463 7.4% 2,581,444 11.0% 279,563 380,682 36.2% 3,415,540 7,107,663 3,227,015 -5.5% 7,272,699 2.3% 1,048,310 1,224,177 16.8% 258,956 291,927 12.7% 288,400 327,820 13.7% 3,780,999 4,224,589 11.7% 11,571,513 11,723,891 1.3% - - - - - - - 4,220,401 4,737,858 12.3% 12,857,218 13,210,698 2.7% Arson comparisons are not available for this table Source: FBI, Uniform Crime Reporting Preliminary Annual Release: Crime in the United States: Georgia Crime Infomlation Center NUMBER REPORTED (Thousands) NUMBER REPORTED (Millions) C C C C C W C u ~ 4 m ( D O r N W P Table 19 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CRIME AND POPULATION, GEORGIA 19821986 No. Index Index Year Population % Change Crimes % Change Crime Rate % Change Source: Georgia Crime Information Center; Office of Planning and Budget Population Estimates Figure 14A REPORTED INDEX CRIMES 1982 1983 1984 1771 YEAR INDEX CRIMES 1985 1986 Figure 14B REPORTED INDEX CRIME RATES - PER 100,000 PERSONS, 1982 1986 YEAR (771 CRIME RATS PROFILE OF NON-INDEX CRIMES IN GEORGIA The number of Non-Index crimes reported to GCIC has increased every year from 1982 to 1985. DUI data for 1986 are not available as of print date, however, in comparing crime totals, excluding DUI, for 1982 through 1985 totals for other Non-Index crimes continue to reflect an upward trend (see Table 20). Non-Index crimes have not registered the same pattern demonstrated over the past 5 years as Index crimes (See Figure 15).Because of the seriousnessof Index crimes, they are more likely to be reported; however, increased public and law enforcement awareness of certain Non-Index crimes has resulted in more frequent and accurate reporting. Included are narcotics offenses and crimes against children which embody several categories including other sex offenses, family offenses, and rapes involvinigjuveniles. (Note: Rape is an Index offense). This section contains analyses of arrests for drug law violations and crimes against children. Table 20 PROFILE OF REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1982-1986 NON-INDEX CRIMES Other Assault Forgerylcounterfeiting Fraud Embezzlement Stolen Property Vandalism Weapons Violation Prostitution1 Commercial Vice Other Sex Offense Narcotic Drug Laws Gambling Family Offense DUI Liquor Laws Drunkenness Public Disturbance Vagrancy Other Offense CurfewILoitering Runaway Total Source: Georgia Crime Information Center *DUI totals unavailable as of print date 1982 221,954 1983 241,698 1984 258,645 1985 282,549 1986 240,003 Figure 15 REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME INCIDENTS - 1982 1986 260 1771 YggR NON-INDEX CRIME ( e x c l u d i n g D U I ) Table 21 PROFILE OF REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIMES STATEWIDE, 1985-1986 NON-INDEX CRIMES 1985 % of Total 1986 % of Total Other Assault ForgeryICounterfeiting Fraud Embezzlement Stolen Property Vandalism Weapons Violation Prostitution1 Commercial Vice Other Sex Offense Narcotic Drug Laws Gambling Family Offense DUI Liquor Laws Drunkenness Public Disturbance Vagrancy Other Offense CurfewILoitering Runaway Total 282,549 100.0% 240,003 Source: Georgia Crime Information Center *DUI totals unavailable as of print date 46 100.0% CRIMES AGAINST CHILDREN 19821986 Specific offense and arrest information for crimes against children may be analyzed to determine trends in the areas of rape, kidnapping, sex offenses, cruelty towards a child, contributing to the delinquency of a minor, and child neglect as these crimes apply to children and those arrested. (Note: Data on the specific crime category murder of children are not available). The pattern of offenses within these categories for 1982-1986 do not conform to the pattern for all total offenses reported during the same period. Reports of these particular offenses have increased each year since 1982, with a slight decrease in 1986, while the totals for all crimes combined declined in 1983, increased through 1985 and showed a slight decrease in 1986 (1986 totals do not include DUI data). Increased public attention has been focused on crimes against children. Legislative attention at the state and federal level has mandated that these crimes be a primary focus for law enforcement agencies at all levels of government. This increased awareness and large numbers of reported arrests for these crimes show a greater sensitivity to such crimes. Table 22A REPORTED CRIMES AGAINST CHILDREN GEORGIA, 1982-1986 CRIME 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 Rape* Kidnapping** Sex Offense*** Cruelty Towards Child Contributing to Delinquency of a Minor Child Neglect Total 86 85 69 25 46 90 99 115 187 154 755 832 1,245 1,484 1,208 692 749 1,071 1,165 1,274 374 1,872 3,869 47 1 1,721 3,957 453 1,445 4,398 376 1,784 5,021 525 1,406 4,613 Table 22B REPORTED ARRESTS FOR CRIMES AGAINST CHILDREN GEORGIA, 1982-1986 CRIME 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 Rape* Female Male Kidnapping** Female Male Sex Offense*** Female Male Cruelty Towards Child Female Male Contributing to Delinquency of a Minor Female Male Child Neglect Female Male Total * Rape committed against juveniles includes the specific charges of: sexual assault-sodomy-boy-gun, sexual assault- sodomy-girl-gun, sexual assault-sodomy-boy, sexual assault-sodomy-girl, sexual assault-sodomy-boy-seongarma,nd sexual assault-sodomy-girl-strongarm. ** Kidnapping ofjuveniles includes the specific charge of: kidnap minor for ransom, kidnap minor to sexually assault, and kidnap minor. *** Sexual offenses against juveniles include the specific charges of: child fondling, homosexual act with boy, homo- sexual act with girl, and incest with minor. Source: Uniform Crime Reporting database, Georgia Crime Information Center ARRESTS FOR CRIMES Trends, Characteristics, Comparisons Numbers and rates of arrests are useful measures of law enforcement activity and official responses to crime. Arrest statistics also provide some insight into the composition of the criminal population, particularly as regards age, sex and race. The varied policies and emphasis of law enforcement agencies influence the volume and type of arrests made. However, arrest practices for crimes are relatively uniform, allowing comparisons over time. Furthermore, it must be understood that because an individual can be arrested more than once during a given year, annual arrest statistics more accurately reflect the number of arrests made, rather than the number of different persons taken into custody. Arrest data reflect the actual number of arrests reported, not necessarily all those that took place. Profile of Index Arrest Trends During the period 1982-1986, the number of arrests made by Georgia law enforcement agencies for Index crimes decreased 0.8% . However, 1986 shows the largest increase in reported arrests since 1982. The number of arrests increased for all violent Index Crimes. Murder increased 0.4 % , forcible rape 12.2%,robbery 1.0%,and aggravated assault by 3.8% . Total violent crime increased 3.6% from 1982 to 1986. Increases were also reported for larceny (2.3%) and motor vehicle theft (15.1%). Decreases were reported for burglary (-17.4%) and arson (-8.7%) (See Table 23). Arrests were made for only a small portion of reported crime incidents (See Table 24). Figure 16 REPORTED INDEX ARRESTS - FIVE YEAR TREND, 1982 1986 70 f771 YEAR INDBX ARRESTS Figure 17A INDEX CRIME ARRESTS BY AGE. 1982 22-26 (21.6%) Figure 17B INDEX CRIME ARRESTS BY AGE. 1986 Profile of Persons Arrested With the exceptions of murder, aggravated assault and arson, young people aged 17 through 26 were more frequently arrested for violent and property crimes. Population estimates reveal the percentage of persons aged 17-21 has fallen approximately 2% from 1982to 1986. Comparing arrest figures from 1982to 1986there is a decrease in the percentage of persons arrested in the age groups 17-21 and 22-26 (even though these two age groups are still the highest in percentage arrested) and an increase in the percentage in age groups 27-31,32-36, and 37+ (See Table 25). In addition, males were arrested more frequently than females, and non-whites were arrested more often than whites. See Table 26 for arrests by age, sex, and race. Profile of Juvenile Arrests for Index Crimes In Georgia, juveniles are persons 16 years of age and under. In 1986,juveniles accounted for 9.8% of all arrests for Index crimes. This represents an increase of 1.9% from 7.9 % in 1982. The percentage of total arrests slightly decreased from 1982-1986 (See Table 25). In 1986, juveniles represented the lowest percentage of arrest rates for each category of Index violent crimes (See Tables 26 and 27). Table 27 indicates that juveniles are more likely to be arrested for property crimes such as burglary, larceny and motor vehicle theft rather than violent crimes. Note: Population estimates are based upon extrapolationsof projections provided by the Office of Planning and Budget. Table 23 PROFILE OF REPORTED ARRES'IIS FOR INDEX CRIMES 1982'086 Type of Crime Murder (% Change) Forcible Rape (% Change) Robbery (% Chang.e.) Aggravated Assault (% Change) Total violent crime (% Change) Burglary (% Change) Larceny (% Change) Motor vehicle theft (% Change) Arson (% Change) 1982 668 -10.7% 869 -7.1% 2,934 -2.1 % 9,662 8.7% 14,133 4.2% Total property crime (% Change) Total Index crime (% Change) 40,811 4.6% 54,944 4.5% Source: Georgia Crime Information Center 1983 590 -11.7% 923 6.2% 2,677 -8.8% 8,706 -9.9% 12,896 -8.8% 35,624 - 12.7% 48,520 -11.7% 1984 574 -2.7% 942 2.1% 2,502 -6.5% 8,618 - 1.0% 12,636 -2.0% 33,966 -4.7% 46,602 -4.0% 1985 62 1 8.2% 1,000 6.2% 2,687 7.4% 9,254 7.4% 13,562 7.3% 39,281 15.6% 52,843 13.4% 1986 67 1 8.1% 975 -2.5% 2,964 10.3% 10,033 8.4% 14,643 8.0% 39,850 1.4% 54,493 3.1 % - 1982 1986 0.4% 12.2% 1.0% 3.8% 3.6% -2.4% -0.8% Table 24 COMPARISON OF NUMBER OF REPORTED INDEX CRIMES AND NUMBER OF REPORTED INDEX CRIME ARRESTS, 1982-1986 'Qpe of Crime 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 Incidents Arrests Incidents Arrests Incidents Arrests Incidents Arrests Incidents Arrests Murder Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault 744 2,453 9,763 16,484 668 869 2,934 9,662 460 2,188 8,489 15,305 590 923 2,677 8,706 562 2,530 8,823 16,253 574 942 2,502 8,618 603 2,805 10,078 16,734 62 1 1,000 2,687 9,254 653 2,827 13,315 19,098 67 1 975 2,964 10,033 Total violent crime 29,444 14,133 26,442 12,896 28,168 12,636 30,220 13,562 35,893 14,643 Burglary Larceny Motor vehicle theft Arson 82,256 158,935 17,765 1,154 10,844 70,080 8,530 69,659 7,654 77,809 8,570 86,619 8,961 27,414 137,642 24,885 142,732 24,173 164,143 28,281 177,440 28,038 2,187 15,954 366 1,046 1,918 17,626 291 1,068 1,861 22,868 278 1,264 2,140 27,868 290 1,324 2,517 334 Total property crime 260,110 40,811 224,722 35,624 231,085 33,966 266,084 39,281 293,251 39,850 Total Index crime 289,554 54,944 251,164 48,520 259,253 46,602 296,304 52,843 329,144 54,493 Source: Georgia Crime Information Center Age Group 0-16 17-2 1 22-26 27-3 1 + 32-36 37 Total Table 25 GEORGIA ARRESTS FOR INDEX CRIMES 1982-1986, BY AGE GROUP Source: Georgia Crime Information Center Table 26 PROFILE OF PERSONS ARRESTED BY SPECIFIC AGE, SEX, RACE, 1986 AGE Type of Crime 16 and Under 17-21 22-26 27-31 32-36 37 and Over Murder 2.8% 18.8% 21.5% 20.1 % 12.1% 24.7% Forcible Rape 5.3% 24.8% 21.3 % 19.6% 12.2% 16.7% Robbery 5.4% 28.2% 27.8% 19.4% 10.6% 8.6% Aggravated Assault 3.7% 15.3% 21.6% 19.6% 12.9% 26.8% Total Violent Crime 4.1% 18.7% 22.9% 19.6% 12.4% 22.3% Burglary Larceny Motor Vehicle Theft Arson Total Property Crime 12.0% 11.6% 14.7% 10.8% 11.9% 37.7% 28.5% 37.8% 17.1% 31.0% 22.2 % 19.5 % 18.6% 15.6% 20.0% 13.1% 15.3% 12.3% 17.4% - 14.6% 7.9% 7.1% 9.8% 15.3% 7.6% 9.0% 12.9% 26.3% - - 9.3% 13.2% Total Index Crime 9.8% 27.7% 20.8% 16.0% 10.1% 15.6% Type Crime Murder Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault Total Violent Crime Burglary Larceny Motor Vehicle Theft Arson Total Property Crime Total Index Crime Source: Georgia Crime Information Center SEX Male Female 85.3% 14.7% 76.3% 78.7% 23.7% 21.3% RACE White Non-White 31.5% 68.5% 42.0% 39.2% 58.0% 60.8% Table Z l ARREST RATES PER 100,000 PERSONS BY SPECIFIC AGE, SEX, RACE, 1986 Type of Crime Total Arrest Rates 16 and Under 17-21 AGE 22-26 27-31 32-36 37 and Over Murder 11.1 1.2 24.5 27.7 25.6 16.4 7.0 Forcible Rape 16.1 3.2 47.0 40.0 36.2 24.1 6.9 Robbery 48.9 9.9 162.6 158.6 108.7 63.5 10.8 Aggravated Assault 165.7 22.9 299.1 418.1 372.9 263.2 112.9 Total Violent Crime 241.8 37.1 533.2 644.5 543.4 367.3 137.5 Burglary Larceny Motor Vehicle Theft Arson 148.0 463.0 41.6 5.5 66.5 200.5 22.7 2.2 655.8 1550.3 184.9 11.1 382.9 1050.9 90.1 10.0 222.0 811.6 58.7 11.0 143.4 559.5 38.7 8.7 26.8 181.0 9.6 3.7 Total Property Crime 658.1 291.9 2402.0 1533.8 1103.4 750.4 221 .O Total Index Crime 899.9 329.0 2935.2 2178.3 1646.8 1117.6 358.6 Type Crime Murder Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault Total Violent Crime Burglary Larceny Motor Vehicle Theft Arson Total Property Crime Total Index Crime Source: Georgia Crime Information Center SEX Male Female 1035.4 1461.1 302.5 371.3 White RACE Non-White 387.3 494.0 1326.3 1901.9 Table 28 GEORGIA ARRESTS FOR INDEX CRIMES, 1972-1986 VIOLENT OFFENSES PROPERTY OFFENSES Year Number Rate 100,000 Number Rate 100,000 INDEX CRIMES, BY RACE VIOLENT OFFENSES PROPERTY OFFENSES Year White Non-White White Non-White Source: Georgia Crime Information Center; Office of Planning and Budget Population Estimate Note: The inclusion of arson as an Index offense began in 1980. Some variance in crime rate will occur in comparing the yearly figures prior to 1980 PROFILE OF NON-INDEX ARREST TRENDS Arrests for Non-Index crimes from 1982 through 1986 followed a pattern similar to that experienced for Index arrests. Both Index and Non-Index arrests peaked in 1982 and decreased in 1983 and 1984. In 1985, however, arrests for Index crimes rose just over 13%,but were still below the 1982 level. Non-Index totals cannot be compared because 1986 DUI arrest totals were unavailable prior to publication date. They are comparable if the DUI arrests are omitted from the totals of the four preceding years (See Table 29). PROFILE OF JUVENILE ARRESTS FOR NON-INDEX CRIMES Table 30 indicates that the percentage of Non-Index crimes committed by juveniles remained low throughout the period 1982-1986. Considering the population factor, arrest rates for juveniles for each Non-Index crimes, were generally the lowest for each age group (See Table 32). Of all Non-Index crimes, Other Assaults, Other Offenses and Runaways ranked the highest of juvenile Non-Index arrests. Though juvenile Index arrests clearly demonstrated a tendency toward higher figures for property crimes, Non-Index arrests did not show the same distinction. Other Assaults were higher in 1986 compared to arrests for stolen property (See Table 31). Table 29 PROFILE OF REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME ARRESTS, 1982-1986 PART I1 CRIMES 1982 1983 1984 1985 Other Assault Forgerytcounterfeiting Fraud Embezzlement Stolen Property Vandalism Weapons Violation Prostitution1 Commercial Vice Other Sex Offense Narcotic Drug Laws Gambling Family Offense DUI Liquor Laws Drunkenness Public Disturbance Vagrancy Other Offense CurfewtLoitering Runaway Total 256,589 244,109 238,238 226,077 Source: Georgia Crime Information Center *Note: DUI totals unavailable as of print date 1986 171,357 Figure 18 REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME ARRESTS FIVE w .l98Z - 1988 a00 100 180 170 180 150 140 YMR NON INDEX CRIMES ( e x c l u d i n g D U I ) Age Group Table 30 REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME ARRESTS 1982-1986, BY AGE GROUP 1982 % 1983 % 1984 % 1985 % 1986 % Total 256,589 100.0% 244,109 100.0% 238,238 100.0% 226,077 100.0% 171,357 100.0% Source: Georgia Crime Information Center 1986 Total does not include arrests for DUI which are unavailable Figure 19A NON-INDEX CRIME ARRESTS BY AGE, 1982 0-16 (1.5%) Figure 19B NON-INDEX CRIME ARRESTS BY AGE. 1986 0-16 (3.2%) Table 31 REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME ARRESTS BY AGE, 1986 AGE NON-INDEX CRIMES 16 and Under 17-21 22-26 27-31 32-36 - 37 and Above Other Assault Forgery /Counterfeiting Fraud Embezzlement Stolen Property Vandalism Weapons Violation Prostitution1 Commercial Vice Other Sex Offense Narcotic Drug Laws Gambling Family Offense DUI Liquor Laws Drunkenness Public Disturbance Vagrancy Other Offense CurfewILoitering Runaway Total 5,470 33,078 41,349 34,188 22,926 34,346 Source: Georgia Crime Information Center *DUI totals unavailable as of print date Table 32 REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME ARREST RATES PER 100,000 PERSONS 1986, BY AGE - - - - TOTAL AGE NON-INDEX CRIMES ARREST RATES 16 and Under Per 100,000 17-21 Per 100,000 22-26 Per 100,000 Other Assault Forgery /Counterfeiting Fraud Embezzlement Stolen Property Vandalism Weapons Violation Prostitution1 Commercial Vice Other Sex Offense Narcotic Drug Laws Gambling Family Offense DUI Liquor Laws Drunkenness Public Disturbance Vagrancy Other Offense CurfewILoitering Runaway Total Arrest Rates Source: Georgia Crime Information Center *DUI totals unavailable as of print date 2829.9 5,470 337.0 33,078 6425.2 41,349 7959.7 Table 32 REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME ARREST RATES PER 100,000 PERSONS 1986, BY AGE AGE 27-31 Per 100,000 32-36 Per 100,000 37 and Above Per 100,000 Table 33 REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME ARRESTS STATEWIDE BY SEX AND RACE, 1986 NON-INDEX CRIMES Male Percent Female Percent White Percent Non-White Percent Other Assault Forgerylcounterfeiting Fraud Embezzlement Stolen Property Vandalism Weapons Violation Prostitution1 Commercial Vice Other Sex Offense Narcotic Drug Laws Gambling Family Offense DUI Liquor Laws Drunkenness Public Disturbance Vagrancy Other Offense CurfewILoitering Runaway Total Arrest Rates 135,682 79.2% 35,675 20.8% 88,339 51.6% 83,018 48.4% Source: Georgia Crime Information Center *DUI totals unawilable as of print date DRUG VIOLATIONS 1982-1986 Though violations of drug laws are not Index offenses, drug offenses challenge the resources of law enforcment from the level of the street sale to the massive organizations which manufacture, import, and distribute drugs in the United States. For 1982 and 1983 arrests for drug violations in Georgia decreased from 21,145 to 17,428. The total steadily increased to 21,478 in 1986, a 1.6% increase over the five year period. Each year from 1982 to 1986, persons were arrested for offenses related to marijuana more frequently than any other drug, though in 1983 and 1986 marijuana related arrests declined. During the same five year period, increases were noted in arrests for Cocaine (615.0%), Heroin (148.4%), and Narcotic Equipment (298.2%) . Cocaine arrests doubled in the period from 1983 to 1984. Arrests for possessionluse of narcotic equipment showed an even greater increase during this period. Table 34 REPORTED DRUG ARRESTS STATEWIDE 19821086 Drug Amphetamme Barbiturate Cocaine Halluc~nogen Hemin Marijuana Narcotic Equipment Opium Synthetic Narcotic Free Text* Yearly Total Rank 3 4 2 8 9 1 7 5 6 8,902 21,145 1983 % Change Rank 182 -37.2% 6 105 4 8 . 8 % 7 911 55.2% 2 63 3.3% 8 112 261.3% 5 9,181 1 3 . 7 % 1 127 16 5% 3 129 -31.7% 9 147 15.7% 4 6,471 -27.3% 17,428 -17.6% Note: Free Text - Includes all other violations of state and local laws relating to the unlawful possession, sale, use, growing, manufacturing and making of narcotic drugs which cannot be singularly classified in categories 1-9. Source: Georgia Crime Information Center 1984 % Change Rank 129 -29.1% 6 63 -40.0% 7 1,822 100.0% 2 59 -6.3% 8 167 49.1% 5 10,113 10.2% 1 280 120.5% 3 12 -90.7% 9 181 23.1% 4 6,540 1.1% 19,366 11.1% % Change Rank -44.2% 6 -46.0% 8 26.8% 2 -15.3% 7 -40.7% 5 3.9% 1 282% 3 0.0% 9 -36.5% 4 7,216 10.3% 20.778 7.3% % Change Rank -50.0% 6 -35.3% 8 81.5% 2 52.0% 7 -22.2% 4 -7.5% I 20.9% 3 -58.3% 9 -56.5% 5 6,912 -4.2% 21,478 3.4% -22.4% 1.6% PROFILE OF REPORTED CLEARANCES According to the FBIIUCR handbook, reported offenses can be cleared by arrest or exceptional means (certain circumstances when arrest of the suspect will be impossible). For purposes of statistical reporting, the number of offenses, not the number of persons arrested, are counted in clearance reports. Overall trends in clearances for Index and Non-Index crimes follow very similar patterns from 1982 to 1986. Clearances have steadily risen in 1984 and 1985 with a slight decrease in 1986 for both Index and Non-Index crimes (See Figure 20). Clearance rate is defined as the number of clearances divided by the number of reported crimes. Tables 37 and 38 represent the actual clearance rates for each year. Due to variances in reporting practices, care should be exercised in comparing law enforcement agency clearance rates. Yearly totals, however, are useful for comparison. Table 35 PROFILE OF REPORTED INDEX CRIME CLEARANCES, 1982-1986 INDEX CRIMES 1982 1983 1984 1985 Murder & Non-neg. Mansl. Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault Burglary LarcenyITheft Motor Vehicle Theft Arson Total Source: Georgia Crime Information Center 60,043 34,578 53,619 91,638 1986 70,837 Figure 20 INDEX CRIME CLEARANCES - FIVE YBAR TREND. 1982 1986 100 YEAR [771 INDW CRntlrS Table 36 PROFILE OF REPORTED NON-INDEX CRIME CLEARANCES, B82-I986 NON-INDEX CRIMES 1982 1983 1984 1985 Other Assault Forgerylcounterfeiting Fraud Embezzlement Stolen Property Vandalism Weapons Violation Prostitution1 Commercial Vice Other Sex Offense Narcotic Drug Laws Gambling Family Offense DUI Liquor Laws Drunkenness Public Disturbance Vagrancy Other Offense CurfewlLoitering Runaway Total Source: Georgia Crime Information Center *Data unavailable as of print date 211,577 92,119 140,627 175,435 1986 142,92L Figure 21 NON-INDEX PNE YEACR RTRIIMND,EIS8C2 L- 1E- ARANCES YEAR NON-INDEX CRIYES Index Crimes Murder & Non-neg. Mansl. Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault Burglary LarcenyITheft Motor Vehicle Theft Arson Table 37 CLEARANCE RATES INDEX CRIMES, 1982-1986 Total Source: Georgia Crime Information Center 20.7 13.8 20.7 30.9 Table 38 CLEARANCE RATES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1982-1986 NON-INDEX CRIMES 1982 1983 1984 1985 Other Assault Forgerylcounterfeiting Fraud Embezzlement Stolen Property Vandalism Weapons Violation Prostitution1 Commercial Vice Other Sex Offense Narcotic Drug Laws Gambling Family Offense DUI Liquor Laws Drunkenness Public Disturbance Vagrancy Other Offense CurfewILoitering Runaway Total Source: Georgia Crime Information Center *Data unavailable as of print date 95.3 38.1 54.4 63.8 21.5 1986 59.6 COUNTY CRIME PROFILES Index crime profiles for counties, shown in Table 41A, were developed from 1985 and 1986 reports submitted to the Georgia Crime Information Center by participating law enforcement agencies. Also included are Non-Index county crime profiles for 1985 and 1986 (See Table 41B). County totals are actual numbers reported; estimates for unreported crime are not included. In addition, some agencies did not consistently submit crime reports for those years which, in effect, lowered county totals. County Rankings Fulton, DeKalb, Cobb, Chatham and Gwinnett counties accounted for more than one-half of all the Index crimes reported in Georgia in 1986. Tables 39 and 40 list Georgia's 159 counties by their rankings in total Index crimes reported and Index crime rates, respectively. Great care should be exercised in any effort to interpret these data due to the existence of disparate reporting processes in some counties. However, in a majority of counties at least one law enforcement agency reported to the Georgia Crime Information Center in accordance with established laws. Consequently, these data provide a useful ranking of Index crimes and Index crime rates within the individual counties, to the extent that reporting and non-reporting practices of law enforcement agencies in the several counties are consistent from year to year. County Table 39 RANKING OF COUNTIES BY NUMBER OF REPORTED INDEX CRIMES, 1986 Number of Reported Index Crimes County Number of Reported Index Crimes County Number of Reported Index Crimes Fulton Dekalb Cobb Chatham Gwinnett Richmond Muscogee Clayton Bibb Lowndes Clarke Dougherty Glynn Houston Hall Troup Floyd Whitfield Spalding Carroll Douglas Rockdale Ware Tift Newton Baldwin Crisp Thomas Liberty Henry Sumter Colquitt Walker Bartow Coweta Columbia Bulloch Forsyth Laurens Coffee Cherokee Fayette Gordon Barrow Ben Hill Polk Walton Camden Paulding Decatur Burke Jackson Catoosa Upson Haralson Chattooga Mitchell Monroe Stephens Wayne Elbert Washington Worth Murray Emanuel Appling Effingham Cook Bryan Harris Rabun Madison Bacon Grady Franklin Lamar Early Peach Berrien Irwin Morgan Jenkins Fannin Jeff Davis Toombs Screven Jones Wilkes Putnam Butts Macon Pulaski Turner Dade Tattnall Dawson Seminole Hart White Terrell Greene Jefferson Oglethorpe McDuffie McIntosh Lumpkin Crawford Gilmer Lanier Wilkinson Pierce Calhoun Candler Brantley Lincoln Pickens Randolph Taylor Banks Oconee Brooks Treutlen Jasper Bleckley Talbot Habersham Pike Heard Dodge Schley Telfair Stewart Twiggs Lee Meriwether Wilcox Clinch Baker Marion Evans Hancock Atkinson Chattahoochee Clay Miller Taliaferro Towns Johnson Union Long Wheeler Dooly Montgomery Warren Webster Charlton Echols Glascock Quitman Source: Office of Planning and Budget, Population Estimates; Georgia Crime Information Center 68 Table 40 RANKINGS OF COUNTIES BY INDEX CRIME RATES PER 100,000 PERSONS, 1986 County Index Crime Rate Per 100,000 Persons County Index Crime Rate Per 100,000 Persons County Index Crime Rate Per 100,000 Persons Fulton Glynn Crisp Lowndes Chatham Dekalb Clarke Troup Bibb Richmond Gwinnett Spalding Tift Camden Muscogee Clayton Cobb Dougherty Ware Sumter Ben Hill Newton Baldwin Whitfield Coffee Carroll Houston Barrow Hall Dawson Floyd Thomas Rockdale Colquitt Forsyth Burke Bulloch Monroe Henry Haralson Liberty Laurens Bacon Gordon Douglas Coweta Bartow Rabun Chattooga Irwin Jenkins Mitchell Bryan Decatur Jackson Elbert Cook Stephens Upson Columbia Washington Paulding Fayette Polk Wayne Lanier Appling Walker Worth Pulaski Walton Lamar Turner Calhoun Morgan McIntosh Jeff Davis Early Emanuel Wilkes Putnam Seminole Harris Schley Murray Cherokee Berrien Oglethorpe Franklin Effingham Catoosa White Fannin Crawford Screven Dade Madison Lincoln Treutlen Taliaferro Macon Butts Terrell Greene Candler Grady Lumpkin Baker Taibot Peach Taylor Gilmer Jones Stewart Wilkinson Brantley Heard Jasper Tattnall Toombs Banks Randolph Hart Clay Jefferson Marion Pierce Pickens McDuffie Bleckley Pike Clinch Wilcox Atkinson Twiggs Oconee Brooks Telfair Evans Miller Hancock Dodge Lee Towns Webster Habersham Long Meriwether Wheeler Johnson Chattahoochee Union Montgomery Warren Echols Quitman Glascock Dooly Charlton Source: Office of Planning and Budget, Population Estimates; Georgia Crime Information Center 69 County Appling 1985 1986 Atkinson 1985 1986 Bacon 1985 1986 Baker 1985 1986 Baldwin 1985 1986 Banks 1985 1986 Barrow 1985 1986 Table 41A COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 Motor Index Violent Property Forcible Aggravated Vehicle Crimes Crimes Crimes Murders Rapes Robberies Assault Burglaries Larcenies Thefts Arson Ben Hill 1985 1986 Berrien 1985 1986 Bibb 1985 1986 Bleckley 1985 1986 Brantley 1985 1986 Brooks 1985 1986 Bryan 1985 1986 Bulloch 1985 1986 Table 41A COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued County Motor Index Violent Property Forcible Aggravated Vehicle Crimes Crimes Crimes Murders Rapes Robberies Assault Burglaries Larcenies T h e h Arson Burke 1985 1986 Butts 1985 1986 Calhoun 1985 1986 Camden 1985 1986 Candler 1985 1986 Carroll 1985 1986 Catoosa 1985 1986 Charlton 1985 1986 Chatham 1985 1986 Chattahoochee 1985 1986 Chattooga 1985 1986 Cherokee 1985 1986 Clarke 1985 1986 Clay 1985 1986 Clay ton 1985 1986 Clinch 1985 1986 County Cobb 1985 1986 Coffee 1985 1986 Colquitt 1985 1986 Columbia 1985 1986 Cook 1985 1986 Coweta 1985 1986 Crawford 1985 1986 Crisp 1985 1986 Dade 1985 1986 Dawson 1985 1986 Decatur 1985 1986 DeKalb 1985 1986 Dodge 1985 1986 Dooly 1985 1986 Dougherty 1985 1986 Douglas 1985 1986 Table 41A COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued Motor Index Violent Property Forcible Aggravated Vehicle Crimes Crimes Crimes Murders Rapes Robberies Assault Burglaries Larcenies Thefts Arson County Early 1985 1986 Echols 1985 1986 Effingham 1985 1986 Elbert 1985 1986 Emanuel 1985 1986 Evans 1985 1986 Fannin 1985 1986 Fayette 1985 1986 Floyd 1985 1986 Forsyth 1985 1986 Franklin 1985 1986 Fulton 1985 1986 Gilmer 1985 1986 Glascock 1985 1986 Glynn 1985 1986 Gordon 1985 1986 Table 41A COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued Motor Index Violent property Forcible Aggravated Vehicle Crimes Crimes Crimes Murders Rapes Robberies Assault Burglaries Larcenies Thefts Arson County Grady 1985 1986 Greene 1985 1986 Gwinnett 1985 1986 Habersham 1985 1986 Hall 1985 1986 Hancock 1985 1986 Haralson 1985 1986 Harris 1985 1986 Hart 1985 1986 Heard 1985 1986 Henry 1985 1986 Houston 1985 1986 Irwin 1985 1986 Jackson 1985 1986 Jasper 1985 1986 Jeff Davis 1985 1986 Table 41A COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued Motor Index Violent Property Forcible Aggravated Vehicle Crimes Crimes Crimes Murders Rapes Robberies Assault Burglaries Larcenies Thefts Arson County Jefferson 1985 1986 Jenkins 1985 1986 Johnson 1985 1986 Jones 1985 1986 Lamar 1985 1986 Lanier 1985 1986 Laurens 1985 1986 Lee 1985 1986 Liberty 1985 1986 Lincoln 1985 1986 Table 41A COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued Motor Index Violent Property Forcible Aggravated Vehicle Crimes Crimes Crimes Murders Rapes Robberies Assault Burglaries Larcenies Thefts Arson Lowndes 1985 1986 Macon 1985 1986 Madison 1985 1986 Marion 1985 , 1986 Table 41A COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued County McDuffie 1985 1986 McIntosh 1985 1986 Meriwether 1985 1986 Miller 1985 1986 Mitchell 1985 1986 Monroe 1985 1986 Montgomery 1985 1986 Morgan 1985 1986 Murray 1985 1986 Muscogee 1985 1986 Newton 1985 1986 Oconee 1985 1986 Oglethorpe 1985 1986 Paulding 1985 1986 Peach 1985 1986 Pickens 1985 1986 Motor Index Violent Property Forcible Aggravated Vehicle Crimes Crimes Crimes Murders Rapes Robberies Assault Burglaries Larcenies Thefts Arson County Pierce 1985 1986 Pike 1985 1986 Polk 1985 1986 Pulaski 1985 1986 Putnam 1985 1986 Quitman 1985 1986 Rabun 1985 1986 Randolph 1985 1986 Richmond 1985 1986 Rockdale 1985 1986 Schley 1985 1986 Screven 1985 1986 Seminole 1985 1986 Spalding 1985 1986 Stephens 1985 1986 Stewart 1985 1986 Table 41A COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued Motor Index Violent Property Forcible Aggravated Vehicle Crimes Crimes Crimes Murders Rapes Robberies Assault Burglaries Larcenies T h e h Arson 103 11 92 0 122 13 109 0 0 4 7 1 1 11 3 1 56 4 1 37 64 7 1 81 6 75 0 87 20 67 1 0 1 5 0 0 19 49 24 2 0 32 27 8 0 726 42 684 1 84 1 54 787 0 5 14 22 5 10 39 289 328 56 11 296 418 70 3 207 26 181 2 224 32 192 1 1 2 21 2 4 25 86 92 2 1 83 95 10 4 23 1 33 198 4 223 26 207 0 2 1 26 2 3 2 1 85 104 8 1 114 82 11 0 2 0 3 2 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 215 16 199 1 343 27 316 0 0 1 14 99 80 16 4 0 0 27 150 143 18 5 96 10 86 1 107 20 87 0 0 2 7 2 2 16 29 53 3 1 38 46 2 1 9,985 748 9,237 34 11,125 992 10,133 23 77 246 96 465 39 1 2,900 5,689 597 51 408 3,565 5,841 677 50 1,676 146 1,530 3 1,990 175 1,815 1 8 18 117 11 20 143' 434 966 121 9 490 1,191 131 3 56 13 43 0 72 10 62 0 5 0 8 0 0 10 22 16 4 1 28 29 2 3 219 16 203 0 257 34 223 3 3 2 11 85 109 8 1 2 6 23 102 104 13 4 185 32 153 0 203 38 165 1 4 1 27 0 7 30 58 89 46 11 1 4 2 8 0 2,750 328 2,422 11 2,880 313 2,567 5 18 56 243 24 59 225 678 1,589 146 9 750 1,639 162 16 660 34 626 0 568 47 521 2 2 6 26 9 10 26 233 347 40 6 138 340 35 8 96 13 83 2 67 15 52 0 1 1 9 1 1 13 37 44 1 1 29 20 3 0 County Sumter 1985 1986 Talbot 1985 1986 Taliaferro 1985 1986 Tattnall 1985 1986 Taylor 1985 1986 Telfair 1985 1986 Terrell 1985 1986 Thomas 1985 1986 Tift 1985 1986 Toombs 1985 1986 Towns 1985 1986 Treutlen 1985 1986 Troup 1985 1986 Table 41A COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued Motor Index Violent Property Forcible Aggravated Vehicle Crimes Crimes Crimes Murders Rapes Robberies Assault Burglaries Larcenies Thefts Arson 1,570 173 1,397 7 1,571 198 1,373 2 15 2 13 0 93 2 91 0 44 5 39 1 30 4 26 1 119 3 116 0 216 16 200 1 107 20 87 0 104 27 77 0 99 3 96 0 68 3 65 0 229 22 207 1 191 20 171 2 1,569 108 1,461 4 1,610 173 1,437 6 1,652 228 1,424 2 1,964 278 1,686 6 299 32 267 3 26 1 26 235 3 14 0 14 0 24 0 24 0 59 6 53 1 98 4 94 1 2,817 367 2,450 6 3,312 332 2,980 12 20 23 123 15 35 146 0 0 2 0 2 0 1 0 3 0 2 1 0 1 2 1 4 10 1 2 17 1 3 23 0 2 1 0 1 2 3 1 17 2 2 14 8 20 76 11 41 115 12 26 188 20 52 200 1 4 24 3 2 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 1 2 15 37 309 18 44 25 8 426 900 360 97 1 6 5 46 35 10 23 7 15 62 42 109 77 38 43 3 1 40 39 52 27 35 77 116 65 85 43 1 965 462 898 454 866 452 1,113 83 161 89 140 11 1 10 11 17 30 45 48 635 1,700 747 2,069 47 24 35 7 2 0 10 0 5 1 4 0 10 2 12 2 5 1 4 2 4 1 3 0 13 1 11 10 59 6 67 10 89 15 110 11 20 3 6 0 1 1 2 1 6 0 1 0 111 4 155 9 Twiggs 1985 1986 Union 1985 1986 0 0 0 - - - 65 9 56 0 0 0 9 6 0 6 0 18 1 17 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 - - - - 35 16 5 0 4 1 1 0 6 8 0 3 Table 41A - COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 Continued County Motor Index Violent Property Forcible Aggravated Vehicle Crimes Crimes Crimes Murders Rapes Robberies Assault Burglaries Larcenies Thefts Arson Upson 1985 1986 Walker 1985 1986 Walton 1985 1986 Ware 1985 1986 Warren 1985 1986 Washington 1985 1986 Wayne 1985 1986 Webster 1985 1986 Wheeler 1985 1986 White 1985 1986 Whitfield 1985 1986 Wilcox 1985 1986 Wilkes 1985 1986 Wilkinson 1985 1986 Worth 1985 1986 State Agency 1985 1986 Total 1985 1986 Source: Uniform Crime Repons Database, Georgia Crime Information Center County Appling 1985 1986 Atkinson 1985 1986 Bacon 1985 1986 Baker 1985 1986 Baldwin 1985 1986 Banks 1985 1986 Barrow 1985 1986 Table 41B COUNTY CRWIE PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 Other Narcotic NON-INDEX Other Forgery1 Stolen Weapons Prostitution1 Sex Drug Crimes Assaults Counterfeit Fraud Embezzlement Property Vandalism Violation Comm. Vice Offense Laws Ben Hill 1985 1986 Berrien 1985 1986 Bibb 1985 1986 Bleckley 1985 1986 Brantley 1985 1986 Brooks 1985 1986 Bryan 1985 1986 Bulloch 1985 1986 County Appling 1985 1986 Atkinson 1985 1986 Bacon 1985 1986 Baker 1985 1986 Baldwin 1985 1986 Banks 1985 1986 Barrow 1985 1986 Bartow 1985 1986 Ben Hill 1985 1986 Berrien 1985 1986 Bibb 1985 1986 Bleckley 1985 1986 Brantley 1985 1986 Brooks 1985 1986 Bryan 1985 1986 Bulloch 1985 1986 Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 Family Liquor Public Other Curfew1 Gambling Offense DUI Laws Drunkenness Disturbance Vagrancy Offense Loitering Runaway Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CKIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued County Other Narcotic NON-INDEX Other Forgery1 Stolen Weapons Prostitution1 Sex Drug Crimes Assaults Counterfeit Fraud Embezzlement Property Vandalism Violation Comm. Vice Offense Laws Burke 1985 1986 Butts 1985 1986 Calhoun 1985 1986 Camden 1985 1986 Candler 1985 1986 Carroll 1985 1986 Catoosa 1985 1986 Charlton 1985 1986 Chatham 1985 1986 Chattahoochee 1985 1986 Chattooga 1985 1986 Cherokee 1985 1986 Clarke 1985 1986 Clay 1985 1986 Clayton 1985 1986 Clinch 1985 1986 Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued County Family Liquor Public Other Curfew1 Gambling Offense DUI Laws Drunkenness Disturbance Vagrancy Offense Loitering Runaway Burke 1985 1986 Butts 1985 1986 Calhoun 1985 1986 Camden 1985 1986 Candler 1985 1986 Carroll 1985 1986 Catoosa 1985 1986 Charlton 1985 1986 Chatham 1985 1986 Chattahoochee 1985 1986 Chattooga 1985 1986 Cherokee 1985 1986 Clarke 1985 1986 Clay 1985 1986 Clayton 1985 1986 Clinch 1985 1986 Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued County Other Narcotic NON-INDEX Other Forgery1 Stolen Weapons Prostitution1 Sex Drug Crimes Assaults Counterfeit b u d Embezzlement Property Vandalism Violation Comm. Vice Offense Laws Cobb 1985 1986 Coffee 1985 1986 Colquitt 1985 1986 Columbia 1985 1986 Cook 1985 1986 Coweta 1985 1986 Crawford 1985 1986 Crisp 1985 1986 Dade 1985 1986 Dawson 1985 1986 Decatur 1985 1986 DeKalb 1985 1986 Dodge 1985 1986 Dooly 1985 1986 Dougherty 1985 1986 Douglas 1985 1986 Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued County Family Liquor Public Other Curfew1 Gambling Offense DUI Laws Drunkenness Disturbance Vagrancy Offense Loitering Runaway Cobb 1985 1986 Coffee 1985 1986 Colquitt 1985 1986 Columbia 1985 1986 Cook 1985 1986 Coweta 1985 1986 Crawford 1985 1986 Crisp 1985 1986 Dade 1985 1986 Dawson 1985 1986 Decatur 1985 1986 DeKalb 1985 1986 Dodge 1985 1986 Dooly 1985 1986 Dougherty 1985 1986 Douglas 1985 1986 Table 41L COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Con'tinued County Early 1985 1986 Echols 1985 1986 Effingham 1985 1986 Elbert 1985 1986 Ernanuel 1985 1986 Evans 1985 1986 Fannin 1985 1986 Fayette 1985 1986 Other Narcotic NON-INDEX Other Forgery1 Stolen Weapons Prostitution1 Sex Drug Crimes Assaults Counterfeit Fraud Embezzlement Property Vandalism Violation Comm. Vice Offense Laws Floyd 1985 1986 Forsyth 1985 1986 Franklin 1985 1986 Fulton 1985 1986 Gilmer 1985 1986 Glascock 1985 1986 Glynn 1985 1986 Gordon 1985 1986 Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued County Early 1985 1986 Echols 1985 1986 Effingham 1985 1986 Elbert 1985 1986 Emanuel 1985 1986 Evans 1985 1986 Fannin 1985 1986 Fayette 1985 1986 Floyd 1985 1986 Forsyth 1985 1986 Franklin 1985 1986 Fulton 1985 1986 Gilmer 1985 1986 Glascock 1985 1986 Glynn 1985 1986 Gordon 1985 1986 Family Liquor Public Other Curfew1 Gambling Offense DUI Laws Drunkenness Disturbance Vagrancy Offense Loitering Runaway Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued County Grady 1985 1986 Greene 1985 1986 Gwinnett 1985 1986 Habersham 1985 1986 Hall 1985 1986 Hancock 1985 1986 Haralson 1985 1986 Harris 1985 1986 Hart 1985 1986 Heard 1985 1986 Henry 1985 1986 Houston 1985 1986 Irwin 1985 1986 Jackson 1985 1986 Jasper 1985 1986 Jeff Davis 1985 1986 Other Narcotic NON-INDEX Other Forgery1 Stolen Weapons Prostitution1 Sex Drug Crimes Assaults Counterfeit Fraud Embezzlement Property Vandalism Violation Comm. Vice Offense Laws Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued County Grady 1985 1986 Greene 1985 1986 Gwinnett 1985 1986 Habersham 1985 1986 Hall 1985 1986 Hancock 1985 1986 Haralson 1985 1986 Harris 1985 1986 Hart 1985 1986 Heard 1985 1986 Henry 1985 1986 Houston 1985 1986 Irwin 1985 1986 Jackson 1985 1986 Jasper 1985 1986 Jeff Davis 1985 1986 Family Liquor Public Other Curfew1 Gambling Offense DUI Laws Drunkenness Disturbance Vagrancy Offense Loitering Runaway County Jefferson 1985 1986 Jenkins 1985 1986 Johnson 1985 1986 Jones 1985 1986 Lamar 1985 1986 Lanier 1985 1986 Laurens 1985 1986 Lee 1985 1986 Liberty 1985 1986 Lincoln 1985 1986 Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued Other Narcotic NON-INDEX Other Forgery1 Stolen Weapons Prostitution1 Sex Drug Crimes Assaults Counterfeit Fraud Embezzlement Property Vandalism Violation Comm. Vice Offense Laws 319 12 3 6 0 3 48 0 0 3 16 98 9 11 4 0 3 35 0 0 2 6 207 20 9 14 0 3 44 0 0 2 12 225 19 42 5 0 2 40 0 0 2 45 47 4 1 11 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 2 9 0 0 0 0 1 128 2 0 3 1 0 22 0 0 1 5 91 8 0 4 2 0 53 0 0 0 5 428 50 16 28 0 0 72 0 0 11 22 261 47 14 20 2 1 79 0 0 8 24 262 27 2 2 0 1 40 0 0 6 9 118 23 0 2 0 1 46 0 0 5 6 852 159 24 29 11 0 250 0 0 20 21 865 145 24 38 6 2 357 0 0 21 21 72 8 0 47 12 5 1 0 0 1 2 5 5 0 0 4 2 6 0 0 1 3 2,615 472 41 154 45 3 404 0 2 44 142 2,024 549 43 121 43 1 333 0 1 32 57 121 10 1 7 2 1 18 0 0 2 18 110 13 1 24 3 0 19 0 0 0 15 Lowndes 1985 9,271 396 272 45 4 2 919 0 0 16 133 1986 7,843 464 273 59 5 2 857 0 0 13 124 McIntosh 1985 173 17 1 1 1 0 40 0 0 3 2 1986 80 8 5 3 0 1 22 0 0 1 8 Macon 1985 1986 225 20 8 2 2 0 65 0 0 3 0 170 28 2 3 1 1 62 0 0 1 2 County Jefferson 1985 1986 Jenkins 1985 1986 Johnson 1985 1986 Jones 1985 1986 Lamar 1985 1986 Lanier 1985 1986 Laurens 1985 1986 Lee 1985 1986 Liberty 1985 1986 Lincoln 1985 1986 Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued Family Liquor Public Other Curfew1 Gambling Offense DUI Laws Drunkenness Disturbance Vagrancy Offense Loitering Runaway Lowndes 1985 1986 McIntosh 1985 1986 Macon 1985 1986 Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEXCRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued County Other Narcotic NON-INDEX Other Forgery1 Stolen Weapons Prostitution1 Sex Drug Crimes Assaults Counterfeit Fraud Embezzlement Property Vandalism Violation Comm. Vice Offense Laws Madison 1985 310 47 2 3 0 1 54 0 0 3 0 1986 252 78 0 1 1 0 109 0 0 5 0 Marion 1985 1986 23 0 1 58 13 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 1 8 Meriwether 1985 390 21 34 5 4 1 56 0 0 2 10 1986 20 0 0 0 5 0 6 0 0 0 3 Miller 1985 1986 194 9 0 5 0 0 25 0 0 0 0 39 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 1 Mitchell 1985 1986 729 87 24 11 4 0 130 0 0 11 25 52 1 57 33 11 1 2 108 0 0 11 41 Monroe 1985 1986 637 66 31 48 14 5 100 0 0 2 11 589 99 19 38 6 4 137 0 1 10 46 Montgomery 1985 63 0 0 1986 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 0 Morgan 1985 1986 69 5 1 2 0 0 27 0 0 1 1 52 5 6 3 0 0 35 0 0 0 0 Murray 1985 1986 735 65 12 105 1 4 86 0 0 17 58 418 60 28 111 0 3 75 0 0 2 23 Muscogee 1985 12,145 345 452 25 8 48 29 585 1986 12,949 379 382 25 1 56 37 294 0 148 88 880 0 108 100 558 Newton 1985 1,286 125 75 17 4 5 368 0 1 16 36 1986 987 176 93 25 9 2 378 0 1 15 32 Oconee 1985 1986 55 3 0 33 4 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 3 0 0 2 6 Oglethorpe 1985 125 1 0 1 2 0 26 0 0 0 11 1986 60 4 1 1 0 1 29 0 0 4 2 Paulding 1985 619 63 5 15 3 1 156 0 0 2 1 27 1986 48 1 6 1 17 5 2 1 203 0 1 14 19 Peach 1985 1986 43 1 95 23 10 4 1 64 0 0 4 7 194 38 5 1 12 3 2 42 0 0 1 14 Pickens 1985 1986 73 0 0 5 1 3 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 35 0 0 3 2 Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued County Madison 1985 1986 Marion 1985 1986 Meriwether 1985 1986 Miller 1985 1986 Mitchell 1985 1986 Monroe 1985 1986 Montgomery 1985 1986 Morgan 1985 1986 Murray 1985 1986 Muscogee 1985 1986 Newton 1985 1986 Oconee 1985 1986 Oglethorpe 1985 1986 Paulding 1985 1986 Peach 1985 1986 Pickens 1985 1986 Family Liquor Public Other Curfew1 Gambling Offense DUI Laws Drunkenness Disturbance Vagrancy Offense Loitering Runaway Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued County Pierce 1985 1986 Pike 1985 1986 Polk 1985 1986 Pulaski 1985 1986 Putnam 1985 1986 Quitman 1985 1986 Rabun 1985 1986 Randolph 1985 1986 Richmond 1985 1986 Rockdale 1985 1986 Schley 1985 1986 Screven 1985 1986 Seminole 1985 1986 Spalding 1985 1986 Stephens 1985 1986 Stewart 1985 1986 Other Narcotic NON-INDEX Other Forgery1 Stolen Weapons Prostitution1 Sex Drug Crimes Assaults Counterfeit Fraud Embezzlement Property Vandalism Violation Comm. Vice Offense Laws 167 17 14 7 3 1 19 0 0 4 40 121 16 34 6 0 1 29 0 0 2 18 113 9 2 64 10 0 0 1 0 3 0 10 9 0 0 0 3 9 0 0 4 4 606 35 7 6 4 0 148 0 0 5 16 504 73 10 14 2 1 245 0 0 12 23 324 48 17 17 3 1 46 0 0 4 13 205 26 9 2 1 5 1 38 0 0 3 8 229 31 5 8 3 2 28 0 0 5 2 148 29 4 4 6 5 21 0 0 4 38 7 1 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 252 12 4 2 0 0 63 0 0 4 17 144 13 13 4 1 0 60 0 0 1 14 103 8 0 8 0 0 10 0 0 3 1 57 11 0 2 0 1 17 0 0 0 3 11,131 1,385 306 750 135 32 7,522 1,049 367 342 92 49 1,45 1 1,574 0 36 154 998 0 26 146 842 2,157 365 52 40 9 1 524 0 0 34 34 1,979 514 63 6 1 17 11 581 0 0 40 31 5 1 4 4 34 5 2 1 0 0 1 0 1 2 0 0 3 0 8 0 0 0 3 229 9 1 7 1 0 34 0 0 3 10 170 7 4 6 1 1 37 0 0 3 22 218 28 8 23 0 4 25 0 0 4 21 162 18 17 21 5 2 21 0 0 2 22 2,858 327 171 664 35 5 542 0 0 51 59 2,811 363 146 665 31 11 658 0 0 36 138 528 38 46 7 1 1 122 0 0 6 6 307 24 70 2 1 7 1 122 0 0 6 15 99 24 2 8 0 0 85 16 9 11 1 0 17 0 0 0 2 15 0 0 2 4 County Pierce 1985 1986 Pike 1985 1986 Polk 1985 1986 Pulaski 1985 1986 Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued Family Liquor Public Other Curfew1 Gambling Offense DUI Laws Drunkenness Disturbance Vagrancy Offense Loitering Runaway 0 2 36 0 0 0 0 * 0 0 0 0 0 0 Quitman 1985 1986 Rabun 1985 1986 Randolph 1985 1986 Richmond 1985 1986 Rockdale 1985 1986 Schley 1985 1986 Screven 1985 1986 Seminole 1985 1986 Spalding 1985 1986 Stephens 1985 1986 Stewart 1985 1986 0 0 4 0 0 0 1 * 0 0 0 1 116 5 0 0 2 * 3 0 0 1 46 0 0 0 1 * 2 0 11 294 2,279 48 1 7 33 * 17 0 1 14 639 15 0 1 33 * 29 0 8 1 96 0 0 3 4 * 9 0 0 7 68 0 0 0 4 * 0 0 2 162 29 1 16 3 2 129 * 31 0 0 5 253 5 0 0 2 * 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 County Sumter 1985 1986 Talbot 1985 1986 Taliaferro 1985 1986 Tattnall 1985 1986 Taylor 1985 1986 Telfair 1985 1986 Terrell 1985 1986 Thomas 1985 1986 Tift 1985 1986 Toombs 1985 1986 Towns 1985 1986 Treutlen 1985 1986 Troup 1985 1986 nrer 1985 1986 'higgs 1985 1986 Union 1985 1986 Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued Other Narcotic NON-INDEX Other Forgery1 Stolen Weapons Prostitution1 Sex Drug Crimes Assaults Counterfeit Fraud Embezzlement Property Vandalism Violation Comm. Vice Offense Laws County Sumter 1985 1986 Talbot 1985 1986 Taliaferm 1985 1986 Tattnall 1985 1986 Taylor 1985 1986 Telfair 1985 1986 Terrell 1985 1986 Thomas 1985 1986 Tift 1985 1986 Tmmbs 1985 1986 Towns 1985 1986 Treutlen 1985 1986 Troup 1985 1986 Turner 1985 1986 nKiggs 1985 1986 Union 1985 1986 Table 4lI3 COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued Family Liquor Public Other Curfew1 Gambling Offense DUI Laws Drunkenness Disturbance Vagrancy Offense Loitering Runaway Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued County Other Nnrcdie NON-INDEX Other Forgery1 Stolen Weapons Prostitution1 Sex Drug Crimes Assaults Counterfeit Fraud Embezzlement Property Vandalism Violation Comm. Vice Ofllense Laws Upson 1985 1986 Walker 1985 1986 Walton 1985 1986 Ware 1985 1986 Warren 1985 1986 Washington 1985 1986 Wayne 1985 1986 Webster 1985 1986 Wheeler 1985 1986 White 1985 1986 Whitfield 1985 1986 Wilcox 1985 1986 Wilkes 1985 1986 Wilkinson 1985 1986 worth 1985 1986 State Agency 1985 1986 Total 1985 1986 282,549 31,751 240,003 35,600 '1986 DU1 data unavailable as of publish date. Source: Georgia Crime Inhmation Center County Table 41B COUNTY CRIME PROFILES, NON-INDEX CRIMES, 1985-1986 - Continued Family Liquor Public Other Curfew1 Gambling Wense DUI Laws Drunkenness Disturbance Vagrancy Offense Loitering Runaway Walker 1985 1986 Walton 1985 1986 Ware 1985 1986 Warren 1985 1986 Washington 1985 1986 Wayne 1985 1986 Webster 1985 1986 Wheeler 1985 1986 White 1985 1986 Whitfield 1985 1986 Wilcox 1985 1986 Wikes 1985 1986 Wilkinson 1985 1986 Worth 1985 1986 State Agency 1985 1986 0 11 0 20 0 4 0 0 0 11 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 34 0 23 0 9 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 78 1 6 1 0 3 0 0 0 21 0 15 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 10 2 1 15 26 Total 1985 1986 344 3,375 293 3,230 '1986 DUI data unavailable as of pblish date. Source:Georgia Criw Information Center LAW ENFORCEMENT EMPLOYEES Profiles of the current law enforcement employee workforce are based on reports submitted tc the Georgia Crime Information Center at the end of 1986. County totals are based upon a compilation of the submitting agencies' employment figures. COUNTY RANKINGS For comparativepurposes, a law enforcement employee rate (employees per 100,000 persons) was calculated. Camden County topped the rankings with 449 employees per 100,000 persons, well above the state average of 228. Care should be exercised in making detailed comparisons; still these figures may be useful in making general manpower assessments. Note: The sworn officer totals provided in Table 42 are not equal to the totals in the Introduction to this section because they are derived from different source documents. County Appling Atkinson Bacon Baker Baldwin Banks Barrow Bartow Ben Hill Berrien Bibb Bleckley Brantley Brooks Bryan Bulloch Burke Butts Calhoun Camden Candler Carroll Catoosa Charlton Chatham Chattahoochee Chattooga Cherokee Clarke Clay Clayton Clinch Cobb Coffee Colquitt Columbia Cook Coweta Crawford Crisp Dade Dawson Decatur DeKalb Dodge Dooly Dougherty Douglas Early Echols Effingham Elbert Emanuel Table 42 FULL TIME LAW ENFORCEMENT EMPWYEES, 1986 Sworn Officers Male Female Civilian Male Female Total Male Female Grand Total Employees Per 100,000 Persons County Evans Fannin Fayette Floyd Forsyth Franklin Fulton Gilmer Glascock Glynn Gordon Grady Greene Gwinnett Habersham Hall Hancock Haralson Harris Hart Heard Henry Houstw Irwin Jackson Jasper Jeff Davis Jefferson Jenkins Johnson Jones Lamar Lanier Laurens Lee Liberty Lincoln Long Lowndes Lumpkin McDuffie McIntosh Macon Madison Marion Meriwether Miller Mitchell Monroe Montgomery Morgan Murray Muscogee Newton Table 42 FULL TIME LAW ENFORCEMENT EMPLOYEES, 1986-Continued Sworn Officers Male Female Civilian Male Female Total Male Female Grand Total Employees Per lOO,OOO Persons County Table 42 FULL TIME LAW ENFORCEMENT EMPLOYEES, 1986-Continued -- Sworn Officers Civilian Total Grand Male Female Male Female Male Female Total Oconee Oglethorpe Paulding Peach Pickens Pierce Pike Polk Pulaski Putnam Quitman Rabun Randolph Richmond Rockdale Schley Screven Seminole Spalding Stephens Stewart Sumter Talbot Taliaferro Tattnall Taylor Telfair Terrell Thomas Ti ft (~oombs Towns Treutlen Troup Turner Twiggs Union Upson Walker Walton Ware Warren Washington Wayne Webster Wheeler White Whitfield Wilcox Wilkes Wilkinson Worth State Agency Total Source: Georgia Crime Information Center; Office of Planning and Budget NR represents those counties that did not report. 103 Employees Per lO@,POO Persons County Camden Clarke Putnam Fulton Muscogee Clay Bibb Webster Calhoun Bulloch Peach Cobb Sumter Dawson Jasper Dougherty Glynn Miller Hall Crisp Lowndes McIntosh Stewart Ben Hill Decatur Terrell Spalding Wilkes Rockdale Bartow Butts Long Walton Richmond Berrien Clinch Cook Upson Haralson Evans Colquitt Bacon Elbert Gordon Polk Seminole 'lhmer Heard Franklin Whitfield Bryan Candler Pulaski Table 43 RANKING OF COUNTIES BY FULL TIME LAW ENFORCEMENT EMPLOYEES PER 100,000 PERSONS, 1986 - Law Enforcement Employees Law Enforcement Employees Law Enforcement Employees Per lOO,OOO Persons County Per lO0,OOO Person County Per lOO,OOO Persons Toombs Coweta Irwin Taylor Brooks Meriwether Douglas Greene Rabun Grady Wilkinson White Hancock Atkinson Tattnall Chattooga Emanuel Morgan Stephens Telfair Pickens worth Catoosa Gwinnett Schley Walker Clayton Floyd Lamar Effingham Troup Carrroll Taliaferro Murray Baker Habersham Pierce Talbot Cherokee Forsyth Treutlen Coffee Washington Lanier Harris Laurens Gilmer Jefferson Paulding Pike Early Mitchell Newton Screven Baldwin Marion Chatham Brantley Fannin Oglethorpe Liberty Bleckley Hart Jeff Davis Jenkins Ware Thomas Warren Barrow Wayne Lee Quitman Madison Twiggs Dekalb Johnson Jackson Union Fayette Henry Charlton Macon Dooly Glascock Lincoln Columbia Dade Towns Craw ford Houston Randolph Montgomery Jones Burke Oconee Chattahoochee Wilcox Wheeler Ti ft Monroe McDuffie Lumpkin Echols Dodge Banks Appling Source: Office of Planning and Budget Population Estimates; Georgia Crime Information Center IN MEMORIAM The Georgia Bureau of Investigation joins the criminal justice community of the State of Georgia in extending sincere sympathy to the families of the following law enforcement officers who gave their lives while protecting and serving the citizens of their communities during 1986. HARVEY JAMES ADAMS, OFFICER Marietta Police Department Murdered with a .22 caliber rifle while working an undercover assignment involving a drug investigation. ROBERT GERALD BRIDGES, LIEUTENANT Clayton County Sheriff's Ofice Accidentally shot by another officer during a special enforcement training exercise. SAM GRAY BULLOCH 111, TRAFFIC OFFICER LaGrange Police Department killed in a collision while in route to a traffic accident. CLEVELAND RAY CHRISTIAN, CORPORAL Brunswick Police Department Killed in a traffic accident while riding a motorcycle to perform his duty. DANNY STEPHEN RAY, JR., DEPUTY SHERIFF Houston County Sheriff's W c e Slain by a .38 caliber Smith & Wesson while trying to apprehend a trustee. JOHN HALL ROWE, JR., DEPUTY SHERIFF Lowndes County Sheriff's Wee Struck and killed by a tractorltrailer. OFFICERS KILLED AND ASSAULTED Statistics compiled in Table 44 are taken from reports submitted to the Georgia Crime Information Center by law enforcement agencies. The most serious assaults committed against officers resulted in 16 deaths over the period 1982-1986. The five year trend indicates an increase in the first three years, a small decrease in 1985 and the largest increase reported in 1986. Yearly changes in the total number of officers assaulted showed a decline from 1982 to 1983. This decrease is more evident when types of activities are examined. Traffic Pursuits and Other Stops is the only type of activity that shows an increase. Assaults upon police officers increased slightly from 1,093 in 1985 to 1,112 in 1986. Another area of interest is the type of weapon used during assaults. In contrast to the weapon types most frequently used in the commission of aggravated assaults (cutting tools, firearms, other weapons; Figure 6B), officers are most frequently assaulted by hands, fists or feet. The number of personal injuries sustained by law enforcement personnel during assaults over the five year period between 1982-1986has decreased. Most of the injuries were sustained between the hours of 6:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. Table 44 LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS KILLED AND ASSAULTED, 1982-1986 Total number of officers killed 1982 0 1983 1 1984 5 1985 4 Officers assaulted Type of activity Attempting other arrests Responding to disturbance calls Traffic pursuits and other stops Handling, transporting and custody All others Yearly total Type of weapon Firearm Knife or cutting instrument Other dangerous weapons Hands, fist or feet Yearly total Injury Officers with personal injuries Officers without personal injuries Yearly total Type of assignment Alone Assisted Yearly total Time of assaults Daytime (6:00 a.m76:00 p.m.) Nighttime (6:00 p.mF6:00 a.m.) Yearlytotal Total number cleared Source: Georgia Crime Information Center 464 220 82 108 407 1,281 3 82 899 1,281 1,255 344 189 123 93 340 1,089 326 763 1,089 1,050 35 1 213 68 144 325 1,101 329 772 1,101 1,051 334 203 85 141 330 1,093 278 815 1,093 1,011 1986 6 357 20 1 11 1 107 336 1,112 286 826 1,112 1,027 Figure 22A LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS KILLED YEAR U OFFICERS KILtED Figure 22B LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS ASSAULTED YEAR OFFICERS ASSAULTED PROFILE OF TRAFFIC FATALITIES Comprehensive data on traffic fatalities are available from the Georgia Department of Public Safety Accident Reporting data base. Figures from that database indicate that in 1986 more traffic fatalities occurred than in any of the previous five years. Total fatalities increasedby 180over 1985 figures, while DUI related fatalities increased by 115. The effects of alcohol use while driving has received much media attention in the past two years. Tables 45 and 46 provide data on fatal accidents and fatalities caused by DUI (blood alcohol content of .10 or greater). Additional data are provided for fatalities by month, location and type (Table 47) and holiday traffic deaths in 1985 and 1986 (Table 48). Holiday traffic deaths normally account for a large proportion of deaths on our highways. In 1986, Thanksgiving was the most costly with a total of 25 fatalities in 102 hours. Figure 23 TRAFFIC FATALITIES Figure 24 TRAFFIC FATALITIES BY MONTH 1986 170 UN YllD APB MAY JUN NL AUO SIP OCT NOV DIC Table 45 FATAL ACCIDENTS* INVOLVING DUI, 1982 - 1986 Total Fatal Accidents DUI Related Fatal Accidents % of Fatal Accidents - DUI Related 1,097 402 36.6% 1,157 399 34.5% 1,260 452 35.9% *Accidents involving driver, passengers, pedestrians, pedalcylist with Blood Alcohol Content PAC) level of .10 or above. Source: Department of Public Safety 1,224 369 30.1 % 1,387 478 34.5% Table 46 FATALITIES* INVOLVING DUI, 1982 - 1986 Total Fatalities DUI Related Fatalities % of Fatalities - DUI Related 1,229 463 37.7% 1,296 454 35.0% 1,410 515 36.5% 1,362 424 31.1% m e actual number of persons killed in accidents involving the driver, passengers, pedestrians, pedalcylist with Blood Alcohol Content PAC) level of .lo or above. Source: Department of Public Safety 1,542 539 35.0% Month Table 47 TRAFFIC FATALITIES BY MONTH, LOCATION, & TYPE Rural Urban Total Pedestrian Motorcycle Other Vehicles Total January February March April May June July August September October November December Total 1,044 1,164 318 Source: w e n t of Public Safety 378 1,362 1,542 199 221 80 80 1,083 1,241 1,362 1,542 Holiday Table 48 HOLIDAY TRAFFIC TOLL, 1985 - 1986 Accidents Injuries Fatalities Memorial Day Fourth of July Labor Day Thanksgiving Christmas New Years 1,250 2,405 1,522 2,731 376 893 Total 9,177 1985 - One fatality every 5.3 holiday hours 1986 - One fatality every 5.1 holiday hours Source: Department of Public Safety 1,665 1,500 1,903 2,717 1,283 1,055 10,123 479 798 513 892 129 301 3,112 705 550 714 90 1 419 392 3,681 14 13 24 10 12 24 15 25 9 6 6 9 80 87 Hours 78 78 102 78 78 78 102 102 30 54 30 54 420 444 GEORGIA BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION The Georgia Bureau of Investigation was created in 1937. The initial charter authorized the establishment of a State Bureau of Identification to maintain fingerprint and criminal history information and the employment of individuals trained as criminal investigators to assist local law enforcement officers throughout the State. Today the GBI provides a wide variety of law enforcement services statewide, with sufficient flexibility to adapt to changing crime patterns and needs of the law enforcement community in this State and neighboring states. The GBI has four operating divisions: INVESTIGATIVE DMSON This Division is charged with conducting investigations upon request of Superior Court Judges, District Attorneys, Chiefs of Fblice, Sheriffs,or at the direction of the Governor into violations of State laws. The Division is heavily involved in the investigation of drug traffic and organized crime, as well as its work with local law enforcement agencies in the investigationof traditional crimes, such as robbery, burglary, homicide, etc. The Division is headed by a GBI Deputy Director and is divided into three main sections; Special Operations, consisting of special squads based in Atlanta, Field Operations, consisting of 13 regional offices, and the statewide Drug Enforcement Section which, among other functions, operates four Regional Drug Enforcement Offices. GEORGIA CRIME INFORMATION CENTER The Georgia Crime Information Center maintains a computerized repository of criminal history information, and operates the statewide communications network used by criminal justice agencies throughout the state and is the interface with the National Crime Information Center. Reports of all criminal investigations and reported crimes are forwarded to the Georgia Crime Information Center. GCIC computers enable law enforcement agencies to check for criminal reports on suspects, check for stolen items, such as guns, equipment, motor vehicles, etc., and to transmit lookouts and other important messages from agency to agency or to all agencies quickly. GCIC assists both state and local law enforcement agencies in ongoing criminal investigations by developingsuspect lists through access to computerized criminaljustice data. GCIC will soon have an Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS). AFIS technology will permit experts to search single latent fingerprints found at crime scenes against the master fingerprint file which contains all fingerprint and criminal history information for known criminal offenders in Georgia. DIVISION OF FORENSIC SCIENCES The Division of Forensic Sciences furnishes forensic support for all law enforcement agencies, including drug identification, firearm identification, criminalistics, toxicology, etc. The Division has branch laboratories in Augusta, Macon, Columbus, Savannah, and Moultrie. The Division Director is also the Chief Medical Examiner for the State. Reports of post-mortem examinations of persons who die outside a physician's care are processed through the Division of Forensic Sciences. ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION The Administrative Division furnishes financial, logistic and personnel support services for the entire Bureau. Table 49 GEORGIA BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION - PRODUCTIVITY DATA 1986 INVESTIGATIVE DIVISION Criminal Investigations Assistance Rendered Cases Total Cases Polygraph Examinations Conducted 5,676 3,497 9,173 2,943 Felony Arrests Value of Stolen Property Recovered 5,139 $4,247,749 GEORGIA CRIME INFORMATION CENTER Audits Completed Fingerprint Cards Processed Fingerprints Identified Individuals Added to Master File 176 315,773 134,918 92,749 Criminal History Records Disseminated 130,986 Computerized Investigative Support: Cases Completed 167 Reports Generated 265 Statistical Assistance Projects: Projects Completed 108 Reports Generated 387 Training Hours Presented 625 Personnel Trained 2,824 Technical Assistance Projects 4,723 UCR Reports Processed 745,999 CJIS Network Messages Processed 40,042,074 DIVISION OF FORENSIC SCIENCES Number of Cases: Atlanta Savannah Columbus Augusta Moultrie Macon Total Court Appearances Hours reported Crime Scene Processed Hours reported Qpes of Cases: Pathology Handwriting Criminalistics Serology Drug ID Toxicology Latent Prints Implied Consent Non-Lab Number of Autopsies Performed: Source: Georgia Bureau of Investigation 11 COURTS INTRODUCTION The judicial powers of the State of Georgia are vested exclusively in seven classes of courts: magistrate, probate, juvenile, state, superior, the Court of Appeals and the Supreme Court. The magistrate, probate, juvenile and state courts are courts of limited jurisdiction. Additionally, the Constitution provides that the General Assembly may establish or authorizethe establishment of municipal courts which have jurisdiction over ordinance violations and other offenses as may be provided by law. The courts of Georgia comprise a unified judicial system. Superior Courts The superior court is Georgia's court of general jurisdiction, having exclusive jurisdiction over felony cases and cases involving divorce, equity and questions of land title. With the exception of certain probate and juvenile matters, the superior courts exercise concurrent jurisdiction in other cases with the limited jurisdiction courts located in the same county or circuit. Each of the state's 159 counties has a superior court, such courts being organized by single or multiple county judicial circuits. Currently there are 131 superior court judges serving in 45 circuitsdivided into ten administrativedistricts, with an Administrative Judge and Court Administrator for each. Prosecution of cases before a superior court is conducted by a District Attorney elected on a circuit-widebasis. State Courts State courts exercise jurisdiction over trials of misdemeanor criminal cases and have general civil jurisdiction wer the trial of all general civil actions, regardless of the amount claimed, unless exclusivejurisdiction is vested in the superior courts. The state courts' jurisdiction also includes hearing applications for and issuing search and arrest warrants, holding courts of inquiry and punishing contempts by fine and/or imprisonment. At the end of Fiscal Year 1985,63state courts operated in 64 counties (Cherokee and Forsyth counties are served by one court). Of the 79 judges presiding, 31 were full time state court judges and 48 served part time. Prosecution of cases before a state court is conducted by a Solicitor elected on a county-wide basis. Probate Courts The probate courts exercisejurisdiction in the probate of wills, administration of estates, appointment of guardians and the involuntary hospitalization of incapacitated adults and other dependent individuals. Other duties for which the probate judges may be responsible, depending on the particular county, include holding habeas corpus hearings, acting as a court of inquiry, hearing traffic cases and trying violations of state game and fish laws. There are 159 probate judges, each serving a single county. Juvenile Courts Juvenile courts have exclusive original jurisdiction in cases involving delinquent children alleged to have committed noncapital offenses, unruly children under the age of 17, deprived children under the age of 18, and juvenile traffic offenders under the age of 16. With the exception of the juvenile court judge in Floyd County, who is an elected official, juvenile court judges are generally appointed for six year terms by their counties' superior court judges. At the end of Fiscal Year 1985, there were 10 full-time juvenile court judges and 41 parttime judges serving the state's 159 counties having separate juvenile courts. Where no separate juvenile court has been established, a judge of the superior court serves as judge of the juvenile court. Magistrate Courts The 1983 Constitution of the State of Georgia established magistrate courts to replace justice of the peace courts and small claims courts. A magistrate court exists in each county of the state and serves as a court of limited jurisdiction. They serve as courts of inquiry, may issue arrest and search warrants, try violations of county ordinances, punish for contempt, and grant bail in all cases where the granting of bail is not exclusively committed to some other court or officer. Court of Appeals The Court of Appeals has appellatejurisdiction in all cases where exclusivejurisdiction does not rest with the Supreme Court. The Court of Appeals is composed of nine judges and is divided into three panels of three judges each. The Court of Appeals is authorized to correct errors in cases on appeal except where the Supreme Court has exclusive jurisdiction. Examples of cases appealable to the Court of Appeals include claims for damages, criminal cases other than capital felonies, and compensation and insurance claims. Caseload data are collectedby the Court on an annual basis and includenumbers of cases docketed; however, the numbers do not provide data on specific criminal appeals. Supreme Court The Supreme Court of Georgia has seven justices, who elect one of their number to be the Chief Justice. The Supreme Court is the final court of review in the State and has exclusive appellate jurisdiction in constitutional questions and contests. It has appellate jurisdiction in all habeas corpus cases, and all cases in which a sentence of death was imposed or could be imposed. It also has jurisdiction over a variety of civil matters. Courts Data The Administrative Office of the Courts, the arm of the Supreme Court and the Judicial Council of Georgia, collects, processes and maintains caseload information on the principal courts of the state. The data are critical in making decisions concerning the creation of judgeships and the boundaries of existingjudicial circuits. Caseload data are collected by the Administrative Office of the Courts for the superior, state, probate and juvenile courts. Prosecutorial data are not available for the principal courts. Caseload data are not yet available for the magistrate courts. The Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals collect their own caseload data. With few exceptions, data collected and compiled for the courts reflect only workload factors and do not readily allow qualitative analysis of the functions of the courts. Note: In 1985 AOC began compiling statistics according to calendar year, some tables reflect this change. Figure 25 Georgia Judicial Administrative Districts JUDICIAL COUNCIL OF GEORGIA Georgia - Judicial Districts CIRCUIT BOUNDARY COUNTY EOUNDARV - 0. ...m rnll.. supodor Courts Figure 26 Filings - - Table 50 CY 1985 Superior Court Caseload (Docket entries) Circuit Alapaha Alcovy Appalachian Atlanta Atlantic Augusta Blue Ridge Brunswick Chattahoochee Cherokee Clayton Cobb Conasauga Cordele Coweta Dougherty Douglas Dublin Eastern Flint Griffin Gwinnett Houston Lookout Mountain Macon Middle Mountain Northeastern Northern Ocmulgee Oconee Ogeechee Pataula Piedmont Rockdale Rome Southern South Georgia Southwestern Stone Mountain Tallapoosa Tifton Toom bs Waycross Western Total Criminal Filed Disposed 2,744 1,521 955 2,912 1,315 838 5,530 1,879 1,343 8,314 1,799 1,532 479 1,836 2,177 432 1,680 2,478 1,435 1,240 2,455 1,547 1,187 2,480 1,131 1,001 1,053 1,196 1,133 1,040 745 1,083 1,184 91 3 1,040 1,496 1,389 87 1 1,561 1,431 796 1,512 1,270 447 2,253 1,219 456 2,108 1,381 642 653 1,306 667 61 3 1,492 1,031 2,553 1,225 1,183 2,422 880 771 509 546 1,046 988 1,104 751 1,710 1,099 553 1,718 1,049 596 738 1,163 598 658 2,783 1,391 786 2,577 1,370 848 1,865 983 573 1,762 1,071 549 TOTAL AVERAGE PER JUDGE* 62,098 474 64,541 493 *Based on 131 superior court judges. Felony Filed Disposed 799 937 573 537 224 188 5,504 58 1 932 8,254 602 1,070 465 1,134 1,368 41 8 983 1,714 551 1,123 2,005 643 1,090 1,967 435 42 1 407 441 798 790 745 91 2 372 335 283 432 1,261 378 847 1,302 326 753 1,236 386 760 1,186 396 801 1,167 629 403 1,054 655 337 590 453 1,151 361 525 1,046 408 362 502 538 438 430 343 354 331 230 543 542 892 955 51 1 51 8 508 455 2,782 422 472 2,576 426 506 290 280 609 642 535 51 2 37,146 284 39,802 304 Misdemeanor Filed Disposed 1,390 830 604 1,360 687 509 26 60 93 54 309 345 7 7 299 21 3 586 549 757 774 104 88 229 240 399 537 493 582 202 195 0 1 559 568 836 91 9 102 99 408 388 550 568 18 18 60 60 980 923 176 206 7 7 196 225 377 552 1,269 347 625 1,246 449 385 7 8 539 508 365 41 4 1,080 330 323 1,101 155 207 82 75 183 159 1 1 601 561 296 32 1 1,004 939 358 407 31 32 17,983 137 17,757 136 Traffic Filed Disposed 555 61 5 118 91 127 141 0 1,205 102 0 1,143 117 7 7 403 484 223 21 5 127 130 13 9 221 273 297 238 101 110 53 55 0 0 152 137 65 145 26 30 85 82 164 191 16 15 1 0 51 3 384 38 46 6 5 54 51 525 51 7 26 33 133 130 23 24 0 0 69 50 396 41 5 6 0 87 75 2 1 3 5 47 44 0 0 368 383 18 2 1 57 1 543 16 22 7 5 6,969 53 6,982 53 Table 50 CY 1985 Superior Court Caseload (Docket entries) Total Civil Filed Disposed 1,223 2,440 1,206 1,025 2,953 81 5 1 1,195 2,898 7,132 1 1,202 2,494 5,290 1,932 3,403 5,637 1,636 2,942 7,558 2,838 3,128 7,695 2,701 2,979 7,414 2,638 1,581 4,120 1,998 1,683 3,336 1,725 2,682 1,988 1,259 1,952 2,181 4,227 2,248 2,747 3,959 1,842 2,444 5,604 1,708 3,281 5,037 1,185 3,158 4,063 2,629 1,592 3,036 2,149 1,337 2,561 1,803 3,299 1,706 2,090 3,168 1,346 1,652 1,326 1,312 1,831 1,160 1,744 1,305 2,631 1,995 2,468 2,873 3,616 1,951 2,034 3,959 1,664 1,689 10,987 3,127 2,160 8,682 3,143 1,419 1,072 2,656 1,973 935 2,617 1,919 140,803 1 30,195 1,075 994 General Civil Filed Disposed 286 291 778 839 502 293 3,871 674 1,097 4,098 61 9 724 394 299 925 829 929 1,164 952 61 2 1,208 903 495 1,268 1,065 762 596 598 1,162 868 239 78 1,214 831 868 936 1,409 966 882 1,067 751 673 1,165 947 281 1 66 726 697 958 647 882 697 431 329 697 547 1,239 41 5 695 1,226 545 540 505 538 95 77 546 688 81 1 1,083 680 908 725 852 21 8 207 762 526 1,669 1,083 245 1,621 1,060 226 277 253 823 738 692 597 37,231 34,119 284 260 Domestic Relations Filed Disposed 560 442 946 1,280 351 287 5,267 1,731 4,426 5,202 1,422 3,279 901 1,667 3,578 81 7 1,557 5,156 995 2,045 5,140 1,040 2,044 5,028 1,281 704 2,070 91 3 81 3 1,784 1,051 848 927 722 851 953 1,753 777 1.197 1,984 696 1,093 2,905 963 1,840 2,797 704 1,852 2,354 1,523 71 0 1,833 1,227 630 1,199 777 1,372 820 91 7 1,287 580 524 828 863 681 544 760 422 1,055 933 92 1 1,165 1,797 1,062 872 1,644 886 761 6,223 1,135 1,056 5,755 1,226 742 499 1,312 875 407 1,360 91 3 71.01 8 542 68,071 520 Independent Motions Filed Disposed 377 292 71 6 834 353 235 2,057 493 1,609 1,902 453 1,287 637 81 1 1,130 520 556 1,238 891 471 1,347 758 440 1,118 292 323 281 272 888 684 435 333 541 399 269 292 1,065 908 505 395 668 678 1,534 464 71 5 1,293 31 5 609 751 556 224 225 451 378 665 471 479 478 688 655 221 248 31 9 430 550 539 438 374 72 464 896 800 1,094 671 400 1,463 57 1 402 3,095 909 859 1,306 857 451 296 275 52 1 51 9 406 409 32,554 28,005 249 214 Total Caseload Filed Disposed 3,967 3,937 3,961 2,161 4,268 1,653 16,725 4,777 8,475 19,516 4,293 6,822 2,411 5,239 7,814 2,068 4,622 10,036 4.273 4,368 10,150 4,248 4,166 9,894 3,769 2,582 5.1 73 3.194 2,816 4,376 2,470 3,765 3,172 2,172 2,992 3,677 5,616 3,119 4,308 5,390 2,638 3,956 6,874 2.1 55 5,534 6,256 1,641 5,266 5,444 3,271 2,245 4,342 2,816 1,950 4,053 2,834 5,852 2,931 3,273 5,590 2,226 2,161 2,372 2,083 2,377 2,148 2,848 2,056 4,341 3,094 3,021 4,591 4,665 2,547 2,772 5,122 2,262 2,347 13,770 4,518 2,946 1 1,259 4,513 2,267 2,937 3,639 2,546 2,697 3,688 2,468 202,901 194,736 1,549 1,487 Total Open Caseload 1,516 2,442 1,501 9,917 2.345 8,935 1,339 4,864 2,802 3,086 2,796 5,604 2,356 1 .I 77 4,407 2,024 3,193 1,981 4,460 2,803 3,029 2,786 1,973 3,929 2,832 2,607 1,006 2,071 2,055 3,366 985 1,475 1,490 2,047 2,248 3,789 2,690 1,585 1,405 10,721 3,569 2,068 1,831 2,081 1,555 134,741 1,029 State Courts 5-year trend: total filings/dispositions FY '82 Figure 27 FY '83 FY '84 FY '85 CY '85 Disposition data unavailable for FY '83. - ** Revised totals based on supplementarydata Filings Dispositions Table 51 CY 1985 State Court Caseload (Docket entries) Misdemeanor Filed Disposed Traffic Filed Disposed General Civil Filed Disposed ' Independent Motions Filed Disposed Total Caseload Filed Disposed Appling Baldwin Bibb 601 1,678 3,937 400 1,678 3,694 966 1,642 3,113 1,024 1.642 3,025 26 2 1 0 0 701 525 4 2 1,597 1,447 0 0 3,320 3,320 139 99 7,890 7,343 Bryan 183 173 1,527 1,723 88 65 20 11 1,818 1,972 Bulloch 1,638 1,505 5,058 4,714 76 48 66 64 6,838 6,331 7 370 370 2,702 2,702 75 47 54 45 3,201 3,164 Candler Carroll Chatham 147 840 1,431 134 1,660 1,447 2,171 5,674 1,331 1,986 5,037 1,403 0 499 2,426 0 460 2,426 0 165 1,526 0 96 1,516 2,318 7,178 6,714 2,120 7,253 6,792 Chattooga Cherokee Clarke Clayton Clinch Cobb Coffee Colquitt Coweta 514 2,025 1,213 11,114 280 6,037 1,050 1,003 919 51 2 1,512 597 11,114 280 5,404 706 934 967 2,559 7,148 3,786 12,771 651 41,705 2.1 02 1,775 5,664 2,374 5,998 3,166 12,771 651 41,163 1,806 1,803 5,011 20 61 4 282 3,291 4 8,081 61 50 316 10 478 192 2,461 14 5,732 52 39 205 10 137 118 2,323 2 11,834 23 20 73 8 47 104 1,447 2 10.801 29 9 25 3,103 9,924 5,399 29,499 937 67,657 3,236 2,848 6,972 2,904 8,035 4,059 27,793 947 63,100 2,593 2,785 6,208 Decatur DeKalb Dougherty 573 4,595 3,788 544 9,353 4,231 1,903 281 4,911 1,933 263 5,662 2 17,313 2,189 12 12,358 1,810 84 7,297 2,983 92 2,547 2,408 2,562 34,486 13,871 2,581 24,521 14,111 Early Effingharn Elbert 221 233 166 127 1,007 882 1.202 1,337 870 1.361 1,299 869 0 2 108 118 22 16 34 32 1,457 1,628 22 23 1,633 1,567 3 1 1,902 1,768 Emanuel Evans Forsyth 1,022 128 1,482 74 1 124 1.332 3,895 99 1 3,347 2,91 1 990 2,986 48 32 45 14 333 198 35 14 5,000 3,698 39 18 1,203 1,146 77 29 5,239 4,545 Fulton Glynn Grady 14,492 1,211 488 14,803* 722 445 4,515 8,854 1,524 8,722* 9,693 1.550 24.585 812 23 26,444 1,082 15 75,176 785 8 70,200 748 3 1 18,768 1 1,662 2,043 120,169 12,245 2,013 Gwinnett Habersham Hall 2,566 61 6 3,252 2,551 464 2,893 1,290 1,224 8,378 1,102 4,130 920 74 7.279 __ 325 2,613 77 164 1,083 651 19 23 92 60 9,069 1,933 12,047 6,917 1,484 10,396 Houston Jackson Jeff Davis 3,684 614 5R0 2.683 51 2 386 7,057 7,436 1,491 6,369 6.227 _ 1,402 1,163 94 1 15 18 18 18 594 219 12,498 10,212 8 8 8,073 6,765 11 10 2,100 1,816 Jefferson Jenkins Liberty 61 1 227 1,384 598 207 1,293 2,189 930 1.323 _ 2,181 930 1,301- 30 34 66 79 101 61 23 16 2,853 2,829 14 5 1,237 1,221 24 10 2,832 2,665 Long Lowndes Macon Miller Mitchell Muscogee Pierce Putnarn Richmond 0 2,682 240 199 651 2.591 - 267 264 7,091 0 2,818 194 189 588 1.510 223 264 4,986 967 10,247 733 776 1,103 2,316 677 782 12,371 967 10,411 660737 1,103 1,499 689 782 10,398 15 11 253 161 18 20 3 3 0 0 61 4 424 13 10 0 0 434 309 3 2 985 980 17 13 13,199 13,403 9 9 1,000 883 3 3 98 1 932 0 0 1,754 1,691 42 30 5,563 3,463 2 4 959 926 0 0 1,046 1,046 169 169 20,065 15,862 Screven Spalding Stephens Sumter Tattnall Thomas 283 800 430 1,198 173 1,501 278 739 448 1,082 101 1,245 1,353 2,298 878 1,977 1,636 2,708 1,351 2,488 903 1,976 1,138 2,364 22 27 106 97 0 0 118 84 53 6 1 1 0 2 1 52 27 O- 0 54 33 22 23 53 39 1,660 3,256 1,338 3.347 1,884 4,263 1,657 3,351 1,351 3..1 75 - 1,323 3,648 Tifi Toombs Treutlen 1,995 587 144 2,486 474 129 6,496 1,790 3,175 6,552 1,702 2,757 1 8 53 50 2 3 255 166 62 66 0 4 8,747 2,492 3,321 9,212 2,292 2,893 Troup Walker Ware 6,123 620 943 6,110 647 888 1,722 2,547 4,051 1,773 2,542 3.828 203 154 8 1 22 154 154 67 20 8,115 8,057 12 7 3,260 3,218 92 84 5,240 4,954 Washington Wayne Worth 78 1 703 279 356 497 403 531 425 2,577 49 1 42 1 2,461 10 8 39 53 1 1 4 4 1,326 1,206 11 23 754 853 33 28 3,108 2,893 TOTAL 113.056 105,072' 271,429 223,942* 70,206 60,541 105,889 92,177 520,580 481,732 'Criminal dispositions lnclude some multiple counts (charges),whereas cr~minaflilings are tallied by docket entrles only. Figure 28 Probate Courts FY '82 FY '83 FY '84 FY '85 CY '85 - Dispositiondata unavailablefor FY '83. Filings Dispositions- Table 52 CY 1985 Probate Court Civil Caseload (Docket entries filed) County Total Civil Administration No Administration Necessary Probate Common Solemn Guardianship Jenkins 174 4 2 Jones 493 8 2 Lamar 326 5 9 Lanier 135 7 3 Laurens 825 14 19 2 14 1 7 30 7 3 30 3 2 16 5 6 76 20 Lee 326 4 4 4 29 1 Lincoln 88 4 0 1 18 1 Long 125 8 2 0 9 5 Madison 397 17 4 2 39 10 Marion 123 5 3 0 17 3 Monroe 324 7 2 4 36 11 Morgan 289 6 9 3 49 8 Murray 454 18 5 0 38 8 Muscogee 4,080 65 46 18 47 1 83 Newton 1,055 30 12 3 92 28 Oglethorpe 229 5 5 0 24 3 Paulding 61 9 25 9 1 57 20 Pickens 337 9 6 1 40 0 Pierce 265 10 0 7 23 3 Pike 206 7 1 0 30 5 Polk 1,006 4 1 19 Pulaski 222 3 2 Putnam 193 18 3 Quitman 60 4 1 Rabun 309 10 9 2 94 2 1 2 24 7 2 37 8 0 11 1 1 42 9 Randolph 192 7 2 2 23 2 Richmond 3,692 86 47 44 357 126 Rockdale 1,152 12 11 4 86 47 Schley 65 3 1 0 4 1 Screven 246 12 3 4 28 11 Seminole 1,353 8 13 Spalding 1,189 24 15 Stewart 115 6 0 Sumter 61 6 15 6 Taylor 139 6 2 0 31 5 2 102 2 1 0 7 4 5 66 16 1 17 0 Telfair 319 5 1 Terrell 367 11 4 Thomas 1,122 19 7 Toom bs 702 185 16 Towns 185 4 1 0 33 4 0 36 4 1 105 16 2 44 11 0 21 7 Treutlen 143 6 3 Turner 209 7 2 Upson 662 15 12 Walker 867 30 20 Walton 69 1 14 10 1 5 0 1 18 6 2 94 10 7 152 69 3 66 14 Ware 890 37 15 Warren 96 1 1 Washington 382 15 8 Wheeler 111 5 1 2 101 28 3 14 5 9 47 11 0 14 4 White 325 6 4 2 36 8 Wilkinson 268 12 1 2 25 7 Worth 383 7 6 0 57 14 Year's Support 1 3 5 2 3 5 4 2 4 0 3 5 12 82 8 0 6 3 0 2 7 0 1 1 1 2 145 9 0 1 8 16 1 5 0 1 5 6 10 2 3 2 9 25 6 7 0 1 2 5 1 4 Hospitalization 12 15 18 3 61 4 0 0 26 0 3 14 19 103 41 2 0 43 11 4 80 8 10 2 13 0 122 10 2 0 0 0 10 5 0 15 13 355 32 0 5 20 35 56 39 29 3 16 1 20 35 5 Habeas Corpus 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Licenses Marriage Pistol 67 7 1 191 230 105 148 65 32 378 248 128 144 35 25 67 32 163 132 47 48 121 137 118 77 21 7 137 2,310 901 460 38 1 57 133 303 198 98 137 167 44 77 80 444 298 87 89 114 0 17 23 112 112 68 1,712 496 43 87 86 1,052 476 11 97 1,233 51 603 406 46 41 278 220 65 48 124 136 96 198 461 152 242 160 81 69 72 48 69 84 263 222 306 201 318 220 453 21 8 41 28 152 123 53 31 137 107 83 102 167 123 Table 53 CY 1985 Probate Court Criminal Caseload (Docket entries) County Misdemeanor Filed Disposed Traffic Filed Disposed Total Caseload Filed Disposed Atkinson Bacon Banks 51 71 552 840 603 91 1 2 4 455 454 457 458 10 20 1,141 1,249 1,151 1,269 Barrow Bartow Ben Hill 0 0 252 228 35 31 1,441 6,460 1,238 1,463 6,501 1,082 1,441 6,712 1,273 1,463 6,729 1,113 Berrien Bleckley Catoosa 0 0 964 964 964 964 23 23 748 748 771 771 0 0 6,167 6,165 6,167 6,165 Chariton Clay Codc 0 0 1,049 1,082 1,049 1,082 0 0 481 48 1 48 1 481 81 81 6,134 6,134 6,215 6.215 Dade Dawson Dodge 5 5 2,196 2,196 2,201 2,201 0 0 1,104 1,104 1,104 1,104 50 35 1,158 957 1,208 992 Douglas Fayette Floyd 35 33 6,989 7,036 7,024 7,069 36 26 2,061 1,848 2,097 1,874 96 74 5,414 5,477 5,510 5,551 Gilmer Glascock Gordon 115 115 11 11 49 50 883 72 3,543 883 80 3,651 998 83 3,592 998 91 3,701 Greene Haralson Harris 0 0 31 9 123 113 1,532 2.555 2,163 1,525 2,197 2,120 1,532 2,586 2,286 1,525 2,206 2,233 Heard Henry Irwin 0 0 61 2 704 612 704 88 90 8,064 7,472 8,152 7,562 30 30 367 367 397 397 Johnson Jones Lamar 0 0 406 520 406 520 0 0 2,261 2,261 2.261 2,261 17 22 1,691 1,604 1,708 1,626 Lanier Laurens Lee 0 0 292 292 292 292 105 9 1 6,624 5,742 6,729 5,833 48 48 1,651 1,588 1,699 1,636 Lincoln Madison Marion 207 202 63 57 27 42 425 1,126 998 425 1,066 1,077 632 1,189 1,025 627 1,123 1.119 Mclntosh Morgan Murray 0 0 98 98 162 162 2,671 4,958 1,617 1,826 4,958 1,617 2,671 5,056 1,779 1.826 5,056 1,779 Newton Oglethorpe Paulding 103 103 52 45 74 73 4,086 709 1,475 4,004 658 1,525 4,189 761 1,549 4,107 703 1,598 Peach Pickens Pike 2 2 1,263 1.256 1,265 1,258 0 0 2,215 2,215 2,215 2,215 10 3 1,218 1,197 1,228 1,200 Polk Pulaski Qulman 68 48 1,827 1,710 1,895 1,758 15 15 543 543 558 558 82 82 279 279 361 361 Rabun Randolph Richmond 117 185 7,091 117 185 4,986 466 1,120 12,371 466 1,120 10.398 583 1,305 19,462 583 1,305 15,384 Schley Seminole Stewart 9 9 96 96 63 61 314 314 836 836 261 320 323 323 932 932 324 381 Taliaferro Taylor Terrell 31 31 42 48 136 136 835 1,100 979 999 1,096 979 866 1,142 1,115 1,030 1,144 1,115 Turner Twiggs Union 0 0 3,167 3,167 3,167 3,167 34 34 1,055 1,031 1.089 1,065 72 63 583 559 655 622 Upson Walton Warren Webster Wheeler White Whitfield Wilkinson TOTAL 72 24 14 16 72 0 131 75 5,149 82 23 13 16 66 0 131 75 4.91 5 3,086 3,170 889 603 1,003 513 3,845 395 190,528 3.024 3,098 845 603 989 51 3 3,845 384 185,695 3,158 3,194 903 619 1,075 51 3 3,976 470 195.677 3,106 3,121 858 619 1,055 51 3 3,976 459 190,610 Juvenile Courts total filings/dispositions Filings - Dispositions Table 54 CY 1985 Juvenile Court Caseload (Number of children) County Appling Atkinson Bacon Baker Baldwin Banks Barrow Bartow Ben Hill Berrien Bibb Bleckley Brantley Brooks Bryan Bulloch Burke Butts Calhoun Camden Candler Carroll Catoosa Charlton Chatham Chattahoochee Chattooga Cherokee Clarke Clay Clayton Clinch Cobb Coffee Colquitt Columbia Cook Coweta Crawford Crisp Dade Dawson Decatur DeKalb Dodge Dooly Dougherty Douglas Early Echols Effingham Elbert Emaneul Evans Delinquent Filed Disposed 43 40 13 13 11 13 3 3 34 34 7 7 76 55 26 1 180 46 23 13 13 773 746 26 26 14 16 36 26 11 10 85 72 33 31 54 48 6 4 74 71 18 18 165 131 154 156 12 11 1,065 954 4 4 40 37 255 215 347 335 10 10 677 8 1342 543 8 1lE4 54 51 91 61 124 124 77 75 152 144 6 6 51 43 4 1 19 14 49 35 2,362 2,062 28 23 32 32 630 611 308 217 46 36 0 0 7 7 30 36 16 16 23 30 Unruly Filed Disposed 5 4 1 1 8 8 1 1 10 10 2 1 28 20 104 87 2 1 5 5 136 137 0 0 6 6 2 1 3 3 32 27 4 4 4 4 5 4 22 20 1 1 68 28 34 39 1 0 196 176 2 2 5 4 92 74 74 65 2 2 374 306 5 5 827 747 3 3 8 4 16 16 12 10 69 69 0 0 12 10 7 4 0 0 10 5 1,040 981 1 1 8 8 44 44 76 43 14 14 0 0 15 11 3 4 0 0 11 11 Traffic Filed Disposed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 15 18 15 0 0 0 0 4 4 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 14 12 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 11 11 20 20 1 1 92 56 0 0 0 0 33 29 20 20 0 0 30 22 0 0 136 121 9 7 3 3 7 7 0 0 2 1 1 1 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 140 110 2 2 1 1 28 28 14 15 15 15 0 0 6 6 9 13 0 0 1 1 Deprived Filed Disposed 0 0 4 4 12 3 0 0 58 56 4 4 42 39 119 85 7 3 5 5 115 82 6 6 1 1 11 10 6 6 15 18 10 6 1 1 0 0 76 76 5 5 91 63 35 23 4 7 247 228 5 5 9 8 25 24 114 107 1 1 209 185 4 4 311 258 8 6 30 11 3 3 3 3 133 127 2 2 42 31 7 13 0 3 19 11 494 485 0 0 12 8 56 64 47 18 4 4 0 0 30 26 4 2 31 31 14 17 Special Proceedings Filed Disposed 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 11 0 0 0 0 181 135 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 11 11 0 0 11 9 1 1 0 0 62 60 0 0 3 3 86 65 17 16 0 0 139 113 1 1 121 106 4 4 2 2 12 8 3 3 5 5 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 127 126 0 0 0 0 7 7 10 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 Total Caseload Filed Disposed 48 44 18 18 33 26 5 5 102 100 13 12 161 129 528 378 55 27 23 23 1,209 1,104 32 32 2 1 24 51 38 20 19 146 129 47 41 60 55 12 9 183 178 24 - 24 346 242 244 239 18 19 1,662 1,474 11 11 57 52 491 407 572 543 13 13 1,429 1,169 18 18 2,E 7 2,296 78 71 134 81 162 158 95 91 361 346 9 9 108 87 18 18 19 17 79 52 4,163 3,764 31 26 53 49 765 754 455 301 79 69 0 0 58 50 46 55 50 50 49 59 Table 54 CY 1985 Juvenile Court Caseload (Number of children) county Fannin Fayette Floyd Forsyth Franklin Fulton Gilmer Glascock Glynn Gordon Grady Greene Gwinnett Habersham Hall Hancock Haralson Harris Hart Heard Henry Houston Irwin Jackson Jasper Jeff Davis Jefferson Jenkins Johnson Jones Lamar Lanier Laurens Lee Liberty Lincoln Long Lowndes Lumpkin Macon Madison Marion McDuffie Mclntosh Meriwether Miller Mitchell Monroe Montgomery Morgan Murray Muscogee Newton Oconee Delinquent Filed Disposed 24 20 98 112 335 310 146 25 6,053 177 16 4,773 25 19 0 0 389 391 175 156 25 18 8 8 1.160 13 264 1.130 6 279 0 0 41 37 13 15 35 45 2 2 117 77 160 185 9 30 44 45 2 2 69 66 45 44 6 6 12 12 1 1 24 24 10 10 133 136 67 54 200 121 3 3 16 17 134 140 27 2 1 36 40 28 29 1 2 30 31 29 30 32 37 5 6 52 52 34 30 15 16 42 43 135 112 964 981 293 264 3 1 Unruly Filed Disposed 15 14 7 11 216 208 33 45 5 4 989 716 14 10 0 0 143 137 91 77 3 2 2 2 448 427 7 1 140 148 0 0 6 5 2 3 3 2 0 0 80 75 83 77 1 1 10 8 0 0 4 4 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 3 3 27 27 10 10 79 50 0 0 10 10 22 22 0 0 2 3 10 9 4 4 4 4 6 9 0 0 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 16 16 38 27 413 418 113 111 0 0 Traffic Filed Disposed 7 6 1 1 19 19 4 4 5 4 565 474 0 0 0 0 7 7 26 22 1 1 0 0 202 113 0 0 10 11 0 0 6 6 1 1 5 5 0 0 83 76 4 5 2 6 3 3 0 0 10 10 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 10 15 22 4 4 0 0 1 1 10 10 7 6 3 3 7 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 106 102 12 10 0 0 Deprived Filed Disposed 12 10 17 17 102 87 5 5 3 5 892 728 4 3 0 0 40 39 103 93 3 2 18 18 348 329 31 12 68 72 2 2 7 14 0 0 13 14 10 10 20 20 51 52 0 0 23 16 2 2 14 15 8 8 12 12 7 8 6 6 2 1 14 0 0 49 46 5 5 11 0 0 0 10 15 35 34 0 0 3 5 5 1 2 4 10 6 9 14 75 79 1 0 9 5 23 12 5 10 14 19 35 31 279 265 178 159 13 8 Special Proceedings Filed ~ i s p o i e d 1 2 0 0 3 3 23 24 0 0 227 174 7 6 0 0 4 2 9 6 5 6 0 0 77 63 0 0 27 22 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 14 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 9 3 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 3 199 170 63 41 1 0 Total Caseload Filed ~isp&ed 59 123 675 211 38 8,726 50 0 583 404 37 28 2.235 51 509 2 60 17 56 12 300 315 12 82 4 97 58 18 22 7 53 13 219 106 297 4 37 201 34 44 50 7 45 46 112 52 141 627 255 29 6,865 38 0 576 354 29 28 2.062 19 532 2 62 20 66 12 248 333 37 74 4 95 54 18 23 7 46 13 219 100 176 5 43 206 28 51 45 10 42 55 121 10 64 58 2 1 72 21 1 1,961 659 17 10 60 44 27 78 173 1,936 585 9 Table 54 CY 1985 Juvenile Court Caseload (Number of children) County Delinquent Filed Disposed Unruly Filed Disposed Traffic Filed Disposed Oglethorpe 11 Paulding 160 Peach 43 12 3 5 0 0 155 83 87 30 29 47 3 3 1 1 Pickens Pierce Pike 13 14 3 3 1 1 9 12 2 2 2 4 11 13 3 3 1 1 Polk Pulaski Putnam 28 20 42 34 2 0 18 12 0 0 0 0 4 4 1 1 0 0 Quitman Rabun Randolph 1 0 0 0 0 0 18 12 2 2 1 1 28 26 0 0 0 0 Richmond Rockdale Schley 1,217 134 24 1,187 133 9 422 410 74 68 0 0 29 23 78 73 0 0 Screven Seminole Spalding 34 29 5 5 13 13 14 14 0 0 0 0 209 21 1 89 87 4 4 Stephens Stewart Sumter Tal bot Taliaferro Tattnall 39 24 3 3 5 3 11 11 0 1 0 0 140 142 15 16 11 10 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36 40 2 3 1 1 Taylor Telfair Terrell 4 4 3 3 0 0 53 50 17 17 5 5 26 26 3 3 2 2 Thomas Tiff Toombs Towns Treutlen Troup 110 70 18 13 157 83 30 22 66 55 12 12 0 0 0 0 26 26 6 6 61 3 576 56 49 2 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 3 4 8 8 Turner Twiggs Union 15 23 0 0 0 0 19 16 3 1 0 0 14 3 2 1 0 0 Upson Walker Walton Ware Warren Washington Wayne Webster Wheeler White Whitfield Wilcox Wilkes Wilkinson Worth TOTAL 4 1 152 365 118 1 34 39 2 10 4 31 1 9 5 13 28 25,873 46 151 388 103 1 4 1 49 2 10 4 283 7 4 12 26 22,913 12 79 91 41 0 9 18 0 0 0 222 0 0 0 5 7,867 12 75 95 35 0 9 20 0 0 0 208 0 0 0 5 7,067 3 37 80 16 0 0 5 1 1 0 20 0 0 0 3 2,151 3 35 86 15 0 0 7 4 1 0 18 0 0 0 3 1,857 t Dispositions include hearings and other cases, except dispositions on attachments. Deprived Filed Disposed 3 7 13 7 0 0 5 5 5 8 7 7 29 29 2 2 22 22 0 0 7 3 3 3 19 18 51 51 8 8 20 20 0 0 74 68 7 5 8 8 24 23 1 1 0 0 3 4 2 2 6 2 2 2 14 4 11 10 25 23 2 2 15 17 158 159 3 4 8 10 14 4 38 39 40 36 156 160 48 42 0 2 13 13 18 23 1 1 13 14 1 1 193 199 5 5 8 8 3 2 2 3 6,214 5,605 Special Proceedings Filed Disposed 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 20 18 20 22 0 1 0 0 0 0 15 15 7 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 15 10 0 0 2 1 23 32 42 8 12 0 0 0 0 1 3 1 1 0 0 1 1 33 36 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 4 1,713 1,462 Total Caseload Filed Disposed 17 24 287 279 47 51 23 24 19 27 22 24 102 84 20 14 27 27 1 0 29 18 31 29 1,707 357 32 1,656 347 18 72 67 14 14 391 385 61 39 19 2 1 190 191 3 4 0 0 42 48 9 9 8 1 74 36 36 144 87 201 115 103 90 4 3 50 53 836 795 18 27 30 27 45 18 94 100 329 320 724 771 231 207 1 3 56 63 81 102 5 a 24 25 6 6 779 744 14 12 13 12 16 14 41 41 43,818 38,904 Table 55 FY 1986 Magistrate Court Caseload (Cases filed) County Appling Atkinson Bacon Baldwin Banks Barrow Ben Hill Berrien Bibb Bleckley Brooks Bryan Bulloch Burke Butts Calhoun Camden *Candler Carroll *Charlton Chatham Clarke Clay Clayton Clinch Cobb Coffee Colquitt Columbia *Cook Coweta Crawford Crisp Dade Dawson Decatur DeKalb Dodge Dooly Dougherty *Douglas Early Echols Effingham Ernanuel Evans Fannin *Fayette Floyd Franklin Fulton Gilmer *Glascock Glynn Gordon Greene Gwinnett Habersham Hall Hancock Warrants Issued 995 198 328 2,347 406 1,942 1,978 1,006 6,941 696 589 482 3,104 1,213 648 134 1,936 125 1,934 104 5,847 10,211 80 6,933 163 12,660 3,935 2,526 1,511 252 2,396 295 1,357 653 31 2 1,658 15,862 946 338 7,692 468 389 38 589 1,372 424 595 427 4,915 669 16,640 747 7 3,623 2,550 564 9,195 1,371 5,100 21 1 Bond and Committment Hearings 200 0 109 360 31 9 458 106 7 1,937 94 280 59 39 20 128 1 682 59 1 34 4,707 2,112 68 7,887 0 1,024 868 73 35 6 466 10 21 8 532 120 551 14,129 0 15 21 5 0 0 16 23 387 134 128 140 223 185 17,935 207 0 154 721 154 2,152 385 2,616 100 County Ordinances Filed Disposed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 8 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 41 41 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 106 130 0 0 1,427 918 0 0 89 0 112 78 0 0 204 113 3 3 0 0 0 0 22 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 35 36 0 0 0 0 2 2 40 40 0 0 4 4 48 25 6 0 25,208 0 6 0 2,504 0 0 0 22 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 86 89 330 330 0 0 Civil Claims Filed Disposed 394 359 323 320 199 199 2,413 NIA 141 619 1,292 332 100 406 1,300 263 1,084 785 499 470 433 434 462 327 1,440 777 358 165 2,289 657 263 141 452 312 314 320 1,129 939 26 10 4,682 1,237 25 1,296 3,613 1,135 27 694 515 1,993 784 1,927 291 1,173 783 788 914 86 1,569 136 586 123 1,436 116 685 664 115 117 367 232 1,867 NIA 2,752 354 531 3,982 2,036 249 346 4,392 163 126 603 603 15 13 442 442 985 985 388 264 233 237 179 144 2,205 363 3,140 542 1,891 325 581 239 7 4 1,264 754 666 511 720 703 1,694 495 1,404 747 1,602 356 1,222 750 132 Other Civil Cases Filed Disposed 134 36 99 68 103 51 1,488 NIA 43 40 297 203 916 805 163 69 275 165 113 76 132 56 83 74 566 448 373 247 101 96 77 16 222 189 53 45 666 524 11 4 7,016 1,625 7 5,872 1,593 537 5 739 220 7 0 0 477 352 499 164 276 245 30 30 781 470 19 19 487 343 6 6 22 6 625 NIA 75 59 122 1,238 39 19 83 1,124 206 147 197 119 2 2 113 104 362 168 148 70 16 15 122 75 1,873 127 13,040 58 1,295 22 2,003 31 1 879 347 219 3,528 0 321 241 182 4,312 188 187 1,181 837 189 44 Total Filings** 1,523 620 630 6,248 623 2,860 4,186 1,501 8,300 1,308 1,159 1,068 5,110 2,363 1,108 376 2,610 492 3,729 141 17,545 13,073 1 39 14,207 898 16,307 5,196 5,041 2,813 368 4,950 453 2,529 774 723 4,150 18,689 1,359 99 1 12,912 872 1,189 55 1,146 2,759 960 848 776 8,999 1,159 58,028 1,347 15 5,788 3,563 1,503 14,417 2,140 8,015 1,147 Total Hearings and Dispositionst 595 388 359 360 467 1,069 2,211 339 2,887 640 775 501 2,776 924 487 158 1,183 424 1,464 48 9,917 3,784 100 9,450 227 3,115 2,003 1,025 944 159 2,485 148 1,225 655 376 551 16,204 268 444 5,731 309 722 31 571 1,580 468 384 384 3,415 332 23,023 477 4 1,251 1,473 1,039 8,066 1,017 5,005 894 FY 1986 Magistrate Court Caseload (Cases filed) County Haralson Harris Hart Heard Henry Houston Irwin Jackson Jasper Jeff Davis Jefferson Johnson Jones Lamar Lanier Laurens Lee Lincoln *Long Lowndes Lumpkin Macon Madison Marion McDuffie Mclntosh Meriwether Miller Monroe Montgomery Morgan Murray Muscogee 'Newton *Oconee Oglethorpe Paulding Peach Pickens Pierce Pike Pulaski Putnam Quitman Rabun Randolph Richmond Rockdale Schley Seminole Spalding Stephens Sumter *Tattnall "Taylor Telfair Terrell Thomas Tift Toombs Warrants Issued 555 503 644 279 1,574 3,817 289 1 ,OOo 345 879 1,131 367 547 489 385 2,184 352 222 165 4,968 507 755 338 87 1,184 278 623 242 490 223 560 1,054 0 682 72 236 1,178 533 621 700 293 482 757 30 149 317 8,853 1,855 150 131 2,856 1,500 2,409 95 55 635 51 1 2,846 3,172 2,453 Bond and Committment Hearings 24 146 167 0 1,273 1,341 4 340 122 792 257 19 4 88 125 22 62 23 12 1,243 287 9 1 127 22 65 51 189 0 115 0 42 11 0 161 0 44 279 639 0 131 305 242 61 1 11 0 36 2,155 61 9 122 50 986 199 2,009 0 1 120 258 459 2,302 12 County Ordinances Filed Disposed 2 0 70 58 0 0 2 2 135 162 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 15 15 0 0 237 170 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 7 0 0 7 10 0 0 1 1 0 0 11 11 36 36 0 0 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 1 47 47 0 0 90 95 0 0 0 0 4,824 340 0 0 4,809 345 0 0 0 0 14 14 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 7 0 0 0 0 Civil Claims Filed Disposed 321 128 290 215 449 347 195 197 1,122 861 1,308 846 208 214 486 581 174 132 632 634 762 762 281 226 503 312 327 252 167 167 978 746 248 300 16 3,886 227 323 18 1,729 186 219 456 439 261 136 68 36 910 789 324 216 579 568 274 283 601 434 171 174 386 353 516 477 579 169 309 193 82 50 170 118 324 207 499 419 193 149 198 163 134 84 383 314 688 569 27 27 296 172 7,858 685 291 190 7,774 511 55 212 2,378 363 48 215 1,479 415 1,041 944 164 164 22 0 275 270 299 2,004 916 1,194 330 1,482 917 958 133 Other Civil Cases Filed Disposed 95 34 122 84 121 71 33 0 412 1,096 152 151 182 1,202 96 121 58 26 288 259 370 269 84 67 122 61 205 174 50 5 1 351 487 109 88 5 2,680 85 42 5 1,536 67 66 101 109 44 115 29 26 434 139 64 47 168 128 40 20 257 159 28 19 124 93 210 187 5 3 124 93 30 26 31 6 209 171 152 122 50 42 36 31 27 15 86 5 364 236 15 0 20 25 7,581 617 18 16 4,871 485 29 60 2,069 8 1 20 46 1,145 52 777 642 49 29 3 1 139 63 120 119 1,087 804 423 291 432 372 Total Filings** 973 985 1,214 509 3,243 6,221 649 1,637 577 1,799 2,263 732 1,172 1,021 602 3,513 71 1 625 186 1 1,699 760 1,312 643 184 2,535 666 1,377 556 1,349 422 1,081 1,816 584 1,120 184 437 1,711 1,185 864 935 501 951 1,899 72 465 51 4 29,116 3,497 234 403 7,317 1,946 4,227 308 80 1,049 930 5,943 4,511 4,079 Total Hearings anc Dispositionst 186 503 585 199 2,478 3,389 314 1,042 280 1,685 1,288 312 377 514 343 1,255 376 403 35 4,678 572 639 378 84 1,m 314 895 303 709 193 499 71 1 172 452 76 168 657 1,182 191 326 451 561 1 3 11 38 309 242 19,609 1,906 190 31 1 3,624 668 3,595 193 2 453 707 2,752 3,510 1,342 Table 55 FY 1986 Magistrate Court Caseload (Cases filed) County Towns *Treutlen Trou p Turner Twiggs Upson Walker Walton Ware *Warren Washington Wayne Webster Wheeler White Whitfield Wilcox Wilkes Wilkinson Worth Warrants Issued 206 108 1,793 51 3 303 1,000 1,415 Bond and Committment Hearings 4 4 202 152 59 42 1 351 County Ordinances Filed Disposed 0 0 0 0 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 46 51 903 43 0 0 Civil Claims Filed Disposed 44 42 2,859 264 39 42 2,565 252 186 157 644 211 379 221 400 424 'Partial reportswere received from these counties. ** Total filings include warrants, attachments and all civil and criminal cases. t Dispositions include hearings and other cases, except dispositions on attachments. Other Civil Cases Filed Disposed 8 18 2,473 57 7 18 1,786 41 53 36 388 19 252 169 142 109 Total Filings** 258 168 7,134 834 542 2,032 2,092 Total Hearings and Dispositionst 50 64 4,562 445 252 651 792 1,445 576 Table 56 Supreme Court Caseload: 1985 and 1986 Filed 1985 1986 Disposed Direct appeals (Final) 584 549 Opinions written Petitions for certiorari Original petitions/Motions Habeas corpus applications Applications for discretionary appeal Applications for interlocutory appeal 572 563 Affirmed without opinion (Rule 59) 26 31 Certiorari applications 127 I Granted 152 Denied I Dismissed 200 182 Habeas corpus applications Granted 50 52 Denied Summary judgment granted Certified questions Supersedeas granted 16 0 Interlocutory applications 14 11 Granted Attorney disciplinet Judicial discipline 78 56 Denied Discretionary applications Bar admissions Granted TOTAL 1,667 1,607 Denied Original petitions/Motions Granted Denied Disciplinary/Bar admissions/Judicial disciplinary decided by order Other Transferred to Court of Appeals by order Dismissed/Remanded by order Withdrawn Affirmed by order Habeas corpus death sentence set aside by order TOTAL 1985 1986 387 331 125 139 35 10 4 111 111 1 0 14 15 26 30 137 121 2 2 10 15 30 28 49 73 125 111 38 39 1 0 1 0 1,602 1,656 'Prior to 1986, Attorney discipline, Judicial discipline and Bar admissions were grouped together in one category. III CORRECTIONS Corrections - Introduction The administration of state correctional facilities and programs is a function of the Executive branch of government. All offenders sentenced by the courts to the custody of the state are either housed in facilities operated by, or under the authority of, the Board of Corrections, or are supervised by probation officers employed by the Board. As of December 31, 1986, the Board was responsible for the custody and care of 17,363 inmates institutionalized in facilities under the authority of the Board. The Board also was responsible for the supervision of 100,847 active probationers as of December 1986. The Board of Correctionshas no authority over inmates released on parole. These offenders are supervised by the State Board of Pardons and Paroles and are addressed in a separate section of this publication. Department of Corrections Facilities The Department of Corrections is responsible to the courts for carrying out judicial sentences. In order to do so, the Department maintains three different types of facilities, has regulatory authority over another type of facility, and operates a separate division for the probation function. The Department has authority over 29 correctional institutions, 108 probation district offices and 15 diversion centers. It employs 6,857 persons to carry out its assigned functions. It is by far the largest state criminaljustice agency and one of the largest state agencies. The various programs for which the Department is responsible include: 1. Probation Supervision is a program operated by the Department as an alternative to incarceration. The judge may require a probationer to report to his probation supervisor on a routine basis, require community service work, require the payment of restitution to the victim, and may impose a variety of other special conditions upon the probationer's freedom. The Department employs 636 probation program employees to supervise offenders sentenced to state probation by the courts. As of December 1986, 100,847 active probationers were under the supervision of the Probation Division. 2. Diversion Centers are operated by the Department as short term residential facilities for offenders sentenced to a special term of probation. The maximum stay in a diversion center is 120 days. The diversion program is designed to allow a sentencing judge to impose a more rigorous sentencethan regular "street" probation, yet not as restrictiveas incarcerationin a prison facility. A diversion center offers a variety of educational, job training, counseling, treatment and other socialization programs to the offender. Residents of diversion centers are allowed to maintain their employment and must pay taxes, room and board, and any fines or restitution imposed by the judge. They also continue to pay for the support of their families. These centers are often referred to as "halfwayin houses". The Department employs 215 employees to supervise offenders placed in 15 diversion centers. The current capacity of the diversion centers allows for treatment of 1,593 residents per year. 3. County Correctional Institutions are operated by 26 counties within the state. Although the county government operates, maintains, and employs the personnel who operate these facilities, they are under the regulatory authority of the Department of Corrections. They house inmates who are sentenced to the custody of the Department for terms of confinement. These inmates are required to work in various county maintenanceprograms such as road repairs and other public works. As of December 31, 1986, the 26 county correctional institutions housed 2,579 inmates. 4. State Prisons are operated by employees of the Department. These facilities offer a variety of educational, jobtraining, counseling, treatment, and other socialization programs to the inmates, but their primary emphasis is on maintaining the security of the institution. As of December 31, 1986, there were 14,315 inmates housed in 24 state institutions operated by 5,018 employees. 5. Transition Centers are operated by the Department to provide an easier transition back into the community life for inmates who are scheduled for release from prison in the near future. The program is designed to lessen the personal shock of going from a totally controlled and disciplined institutional setting to the free environment the average citizen enjoys. It is also directed at helping the residents secure and maintain meaningful employment. These Centers are referred to as "halfway-out houses". As of December 31, 1986, there were 469 residents housed in these centers operated by 131 employees. County Jails In Georgia, the sheriff of each county retains the English common law duty as chief jailer. He is responsible for the care, maintenance and security of all prisoners lawfully detained and awaiting trial and of all inmates sentenced to his custody by the courts. Generally, inmates serving their sentences in county jails have received sentencesof 12 months or less, are awaiting transfer to a state prison facility, or are temporarily assigned to the county jail subject to the agreement of both the sheriff and the commissioner of the Department of Corrections, while they are working on a state Department of Corrections-approved work project. Currently, there are 145 county jails funded for operation in the state's 159 counties. Municipal Jails and Detention Facilities According to a survey conducted by the Department of Community Affairs, municipalities in the state operate approximately 155 jails and/or detention facilities. The average daily population of all these facilities combined was 7,650 detainees. With the exception of a few notable facilities, such as those found in the major urban centers, it can generally be said that municipaljails are primarily short-term lock-ups which hold detainees for periods of time not exceeding 72 hours before court appearances, transfers to county jails, or release. Due to the more stringent standards applied to correctional facilitieswhich house individuals for periods of time exceeding ?2 hours, some municipalities which have maintained prisoners for longer periods are either closing down their jails or using them only as short-term holding facilities. Corrections Data The data collected and published in this report are provided by the Department of Corrections Statistics Unit within the Department's Evaluation and Statistics component. This unit is responsible for maintaining all relevant statistical data on inmates and probationers assigned to the custody of the state. Since much of these data are critical to internal decisionmaking within the Department of Corrections, they are maintained primarily for such internal purposes. The Department of Corrections is, however, required by law to submit certain criminal history record information to the Georgia Crime Information Center and also provides to the State Board of Pardons and Paroles data on offender status and on offender conduct while in prison. The improved computer capabilities of this unit currently provide in-depth analysis of offender information and feedback to other criminal justice system components, especially to the judiciary. Statistical data on inmate populations at the local level (i.e., county and city jails) are extremely difficult to maintain, since there is no central repository. The Department of Community Affairs, with the assistance of the computerized reporting capabilities of the Georgia Crime Information Center, has been collecting limited data on local jail populations since mid-1982, as noted in the narrative portion of this report. PRISON PROFILE Table 57 outlines population trends in the major categories of prisons from 1982 to 1986. The figures represent inmate counts taken in December of each year. During that period, the overall inmate population increased from 14,057 to 17,363. More specific data on individual institutions within the state system are available Table 58. Those prisons with the greatest population include the Georgia Industrial Institute (GII) at Alto (1,493), Georgia Diagnostic Classification Center (GDCC) at Jackson (1,746), Middle Georgia Correctional Institute - Rivers (928) and the Georgia State Prison (GSP) at Reidsville (950). (Note: The GDCC is operated primarily for the classification of prisoners to be reassigned to other correctional institutions). Table 57 CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION POPULATIONS BY TYPE, 1982 - 1986 Type of Facility Transition Centers County Correctional Institutions State Correctional Institutions Other* Total * "Other" inmates out to court on appeal. Note: These figures represent inmate counts taken in December of each year. Source: GDC Institution Table 58 INSTITUTION POPULATION BY AGE AND SEX, 1986 - Age Men 00-21 22-39 40-54 55-99 Total % 00-21 22-39 %men 40-54 55-99 Total Atlanta Adv Ctr Macon Trans Ctr Atl Metro Trans Ctr New Horizons Savannah Trans Ctr Macon Women Trans Ctr Central State Hosp Bulloch C.C.I. Carroll C.C.I. Clarke C.C.I. Colquitt C.C.I. Coweta C.C.I. Decatur C.C.I. Effingham C.C.I. Floyd C.C.I. Fulton C.C.I. Gwinnett C.C.I. Hall C.C.I. Harris C.C.I. Houston C.C.I. Jackson C.C.I. Jefferson C.C.I. Meriwether C.C.I. Mitchell C.C.I. Muscogee C.C.I. Richmond C.C.I. Spalding C.C.I. Stewart C.C.I. Sumter C.C.I. Terrell C.C.I. Thomas C.C.I. Troup C.C.I. Upson C.C.I. Ware C.I. Lowndes C.I. Dodge C.I. CXDC (Buford) Walker C.I. Wayne C.I. GII (Alto) Montgomery C.I. Lee C.I. Putnam C.I. GSP (Reidsville) Middle Ga C.I. - Men Metro C.I. GDCC (Jackson) - Diag GDCC (Jackson) - Perm Coastal C.I. Middle Ga C.I. - Y.O. Stone Mtn. C.I. Middle Ga C.I. - Women Middle Ga C.I. - Rivers Rutledge C.I. Central C.I. Augusta Medical C.I. Rogers C.I. Burris C.I. Grand % Total % Total 2,050 11,816 2,113 434 16,413 100% 89 723 Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100%.Figures represent counts taken in December 1986. Source: GDC 114 24 INMATE PROFILE In analyzing the inmate population from 1982 to 1986, sex and race variables remain constant (See Table 59). Table 60 provides more specific data concerning age, sex and race of the 1986 inmate population. Of frequent interest in discussing offenders is the individual prisoner's actual length of sentence. Table 61 indicates that the numbers of persons assigned each specific sentence length are increasing, yet the percentage of the total for each sentence length remains basically the same. The only notable percentage change is that of youthful offenders. In 1982 youthful offenders represented 7.6% of the inmate population while in 1986 they represented only 0.4%. No other category has demonstrated this type of change. Also important is the number of offenders awaiting execution. Though the percentages have remained constant, actual numbers on death row have risen from 99 in 1982 to 114 in 1986. One execution took place in 1986. Table 59 INMATE POPULATION BY RACE AND SEX, 1982 - 1986 1982 % 1983 % 1984 % 1985 % 1986 % White Male Non-White Male White Female Non-White Female Total 5,504 7,919 269 365 14,057 39.2% 56.3% 1.9% 2.6% 5,999 8,748 304 453 38.7% 56.4% 2.0% 2.9% 100.0% 15,504 100.0% 6,114 8,854 292 471 38.9% 56.3% 1.9% 3.0% 15,731 100.0% 6,254 9,197 342 506 38.4% 56.4% 2.1% 3.1% 16,299 100.0% 6,569 9,847 365 582 37.8% 56.7% 2.1% 3.4% 17,363 100.0% Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100%. These. figures represent inmate counts taken in December of each year. Source: GDC Race and Sex Table 60 INMATE POPULATION BY RACE, AGE, AND SEX, 1986 Age 00-21 Men 22-39 40-54 55-99 Total % 00-21 22-39 Women 40-54 55-99 Total Grand % Total % White Male Non-White Male White Female Non-White Female Total 860 4,402 1,078 229 1,190 7,417 1,035 205 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,569 9,847 0 0 40% 60% 0% 0% 2,050 11,819 2,113 434 16,416100% 0 0 0 0 38 265 51 455 89 720 0 0 0 0% 6,569 38% 0 0 0 0% 9,847 57% 56 6 365 39% 365 2% 58 18 582 61% 582 3% 114 24 947 100% 17,363 100% Note: Figures represent imnate counts taken in December of 1986. Source: GDC Figure 30 INMATE POPULATION BY RACE k SIM, 1986 NON W/F (3.4%) NON W/M Sentence in Years Table 61 INMATE SENTENCE LENGTH IN YEARS, 1982 - 1986 1982 % 1983 % 1984 % 1985 % 1986 % 0- 1 1.1-2 2.1-3 3.1-4 4.1-5 5.1-6 6.1-7 7.1-8 8.1-9 9.1-10 10.1-12 12.1-15 15.1-20 20.1-over Life Death Youthful Offender Total 14,057 100.0% 15,504 Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100%. These figures represent inmate counts taken in December of each year. Source: GDC Table 62 INMATE SENTENCE IN YEARS BY AGE AND SEX, 1986 Sentence in Years Age Men 00-21 22-39 40-54 55-99 Total % 00-21 22-39 Wnnen 40-54 55-99 'Md Gf8nd % T0t.l % 0- 1 1.1-2 2.1-3 3.1-4 4.1-5 5.1-6 6.1-7 7.1-8 8.1-9 9.1-10 10.1-12 12.1-15 15.1-20 20.1-over Life Death Youthful Offender Total Note: Due to munding, percentages do not always total 100%. Figures represent inmate counts taken in December of 1986. Sentence in years is indicated 1.1-2 meaning one year and one day to two years. Source: GDC Figure 31 INMATE SENTENCE LENGTHS, 1986 ~SENTBNCBD PERSONS m C E D 144 Crimes by Group Table 63 PNMATE CRIME CATEGORIES BY AGE AND SEX, 1986 Age Men 00-21 22-39 40-54 55-99 Age Total % 00-21 22-39 Mbmen 40-54 55-99 Total Grand % Total % Homicide Bodily Injury & Re1 Off Arson & Re1 Off Damage of Property Burglary and Re1 Off Forgery and Re1 Off Theft Robbery Sexual Offenses Crimes Involving Govt Falsifications Obstruct Law Enforcement Disorderly Conduct Gambling & Re1 Off Cruelty to Children Crimes with Guns Invasion Privacy Racketeering Drug Abuse Offenses Auto Crimes Misc. Felonies Misdemeanors 225 24% 60 6 % 12 1% 1 0% 45 5 % 115 12% 116 12% 87 9 % 7 1% 0 0% 1 0% 2 0% 2 0% 0 0% 28 3% 1 0% 0 0% 0 0% 150 16% 12 1% 1 0% 82 9% 2,622 15% 1,247 7 % 139 1% 46 0 % 3,305 19% 577 3% 1,569 9 % 3,216 19% 1,394 8 % 3 0% 10 0% 28 0 % 18 0 % 1 0% 81 0% 91 1% 8 0% 8 0% 1,815 10% 769 4 % 45 0 % 371 2% Total 2,050 11,819 2,113 434 Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100%. Figures represent inmite counts taken in December of 1986. Source: GDC 16,416100% 89 720 114 24 947 100% 17,363 100% PROBATIONER PROFILE Except for 1984, probation data has been available for each year from 1982 to 1986. The trend clearly indicates that the number of probationers is growing (See Table 64). Analysis of the most serious crimes committed by probationers indicates that the greatest number of probationers were involved in property crimes rather than violent crimes (See Table 66). As the number of probationers increased, the number of probationers on first offender status also increased. In 1986 more probationers were on first offender status than at any other time (See Table 69). Table 64 PROBATION POPULATION BY RACE AND SEX, 1982 - 1986 White Male Non-White Male White Female Non-White Female Total 25,106 17,495 3,632 2,948 49,181 51.0% 35.6% 7.4% 6.0% 100.0% 31,021 23,690 4,905 4,671 64,287 48.3% 36.9% 7.6% 7.3% 100.0% - 41,660 - 34,619 - 7,117 - 6,736 - 90,132 46.2% 38.4% 7.9% 7.5% 45,221 39,860 8,000 7,766 100.0% 100,847 44.8% 39.5% 7.9% 7.7% 100.0% Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100%. Figures represent counts of probationers taken in August 1982, June 1983, December 1985 and 1986. Data for 1984 are unavailable. Source: GDC Race and Sex Table 65 PROBATION POPULATION BY RACE, AGE, AND SEX, 1986 Age Men 00-21 22-39 40-98 Unk Total Women % 00-21 22-39 40-98 Unk Total Grand % Total % White Male Non-White Male White Female Non-White Female 5,838 3,883 0 0 30,634 28,116 0 0 8,353 7,628 0 0 396 45,221 53% 0 0 233 39,860 47% 0 0 0 0 0% 1,001 5,634 0 0 0% 896 5,668 0 0 1,337 1,172 0 0 0% 0 0 0% 28 8,000 51% 30 7,766 49% 45,221 39,860 8,000 7,766 45% 40% 8% 8% Total 9,721 58,750 15,981 629 85,081 100% 1,897 11,302 2,509 58 15,766 100% 100,847 100% Note: Figures represent counts of probationers taken in December of 1986. Source: GDC Figure 32 PROBATION POPULATION BY EACE AND SEX, 1988 NON I/M (99.6%) Table 66 PROBATION POPULATION BY MOST SERIOUS CRIME TYPE, 1982 - 1986 Violent Personal Non-violent Personal fioperty Drug Sales Drug hssession Victimless Alcohol Other Total Reported Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100%. Beginning in 1985, a new crime type "Alcohol" was added and the crime type "Victimless" was deleted. F i s represent counts of probationers taken in August 1982, June 1983, December 1985 and 1986. Data for 1984 are unavailable. Table 67 PROBATION POPULATION BY MOST SERIOUS CRIME TYPE, AGE, AND SEX, 1986 Crime Age Men 00-21 22-39 40-98 Unk Age Rbmen Total % 00-21 22-39 40-98 Unk Total Gmd % Total % Violent Personal Non-Violent Personal property Drug Sales Drug Possession Alcohol Other 874 328 5,550 128 625 1,215 999 5,352 11,648 16,086 1,772 6,528 13,569 3,806 1,696 4,096 2,706 242 1,020 5,067 1,151 58 7,980 9% 130 870 184 16,256 19% 21 149 115 24,457 29% 1,244 5,921 13 2,155 3% 23 377 60 8,233 10% 103 1,642 162 20,013 24% 164 1,389 37 5,993 7% 203 950 208 2 1 1,254 68 270 422 265 4 1,220 8% 2 193 1% 26 8,445 54% 0 468 3% 8 2,023 13% 12 1,987 13% 6 1,424 9% 9,200 16,449 32,W 2,623 10,256 22,000 7,417 Total Reported 9,719 58,761 15,978 629 85,087 100% 1,896 11,298 2,508 58 15,760 100% 100,847 100% Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100%. Figures represent counts of pmbationers taken in December, 1986. Sourcc: GDC Figure 33 PROBATION POPULATION BY CRIME TYPE. 1986 I Table 68 PROBATION POPULATION BY CRIME CATEGORY, AGE, AND SEX, 1986 Crimes by Group Age 00-21 Men 40-98 Unk Age Total % 00-21 Women 40-98 Unk Total Grand Total Homicide Abortion Bodiiy Injury & Re1 Off Arson & Rel Off Damage of Property Burglary and Rel Off Forgery and Rel Off Theft Robbery Sexual Offenses Obsenity Crimes Treason & Re1 Off Crimes Involving Govt Falsifications Obstruct Law Enforcement Disorderly Conduct Gambling & Rel Off Cruelty to Children Crimes with Guns Invasion Privacy Racketeering Drug Abuse Offenses Auto Crimes Revenue & Contraband Misc. Felonies Misdemeanors 169 0 775 75 105 344 432 999 89 403 1 0 88 24 18 9 84 42 145 9 9 1,230 2,421 7 192 8,311 4 483 1% 0 2 0% 13 2,890 3% 4 342 0% 3 832 1% 26 7,644 9% 23 3,123 4% 27 7,343 9% 9 1,384 2% 6 1,183 1% 0 3 0% 0 3 0% 3 168 0% 1 94 0% 0 115 0% 0 124 0% 0 111 0% 2 200 0% 2 490 1% 1 99 0% 1 14 0% 65 9,621 11% 59 8,307 10% 0 10 0% 5 773 1% 375 39,714 47% Total Reported 9,721 58,750 15,981 629 85,081 100% 1,897 11,302 2,509 58 15,766 100% 100,847 100% Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100%. Figures represent counts taken in December, 1986. Source: GDC Table 69 ACTIVE PROBATIONERS ON FIRST-OFEENDER STATUS, 1982 - 1986 On 1st Off Stat Not on 1st Off Stat Total Reported Reports not Received TOTAL 6,812 42,369 49,181 0 49,181 13.9% 10,129 15.8% 86.1% 53,809 84.2% 100.0% 63,938 100.0% 349 64,287 Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100%. Figures represent counts of probationers taken in August 1982, June 1983, December 1985 and 1986. Source: GDC - 12,544 15.7% 13,382 15.4% - 67,385 84.3% 73,718 84.6% - 79,929 100.0% 87,100 100.0% 10,203 13,747 90,132 100,847 Table 70 FIRST-OFFENDER BY AGE AND SEX, 1986 First Offender Age Men 00-21 22-39 40-98 Unk Total he Women % 00-21 22-39 40-98 Unk Total Grand % Total On 1st-Offender Status 2,481 6,383 1,010 33 9,907 14% 543 2,443 Not on kt-Offender Status 6,089 44,028 12,423 529 63,069 86% 1,111 7,730 485 1,764 4 3,475 25% 13,382 44 10,649 75% 73,718 Total Reported Not Reported 8,570 50,411 13,433 562 72,976 100% 1,654 10,173 1,151 8,339 2,548 67 12,105 243 1,129 2,249 260 48 14,124 100% 10 1,642 87,100 13,747 Total 9,721 58,750 15,981 629 85,081 1,897 11,302 2,509 58 15,766 100,847 Note: Due to rounding, percentages do not always total 100%. Figures represent counts of probationers taken in December, 1986. "NOT REPOFTED indicates reports not received by GDC. Being sentenced under the First Offender Act does not necessarily imply that a probationer is a first-time offender. Any violator may ask to be sentenced under the First Offender Act as one of several different options open to them. Occasionally, persons with one or more prior convictions will be sentenced under this act. These data should be viewed as only an estimation of the number of first time violators of first offenders on active probation caseloads. Source: GDC IV PARDONS AND INTRODUCTION The executive clemency powers of the State of Georgia are vested exclusively in the State Board of Pardons and Paroles. The Board is composed of five members appointed by the Governor for seven-yearterms, subject to confirmation by the State Senate. Each year the Board elects one of its members to serve as Chairman. The Board was established in 1943 with its authority established in the Georgia Constitution. Its existence ensures that the Executive Branch of government has a discretionary role in criminaljustice. Thus in Georgia'sjustice system, the Board provides some of the checks and balances deemed necessary by the framers of the Constitution. The Board is empowered to grant or deny clemency to inmates incarcerated for violation of the state's criminal laws. It has Constitutional authority to grant paroles, pardons, and reprieves, to commute and remit sentences, and to restore civil and political rights. It has authority and staff to investigate cases and to supervise persons granted conditional clemency. Before the Board considers an inmate for parole, it conducts investigations. Detailed investigative reports become a part of the Board's case file, which is separate from files maintained by the Department of Corrections. Initially, a parole officer studies arrest and court records and may talk with arresting officers, court officials, victims and witnesses to prepare a legal investigation report on the details of an inmate's current offense and a summary of any prior offenses in the same county. Subsequently, a parole officer interviews the inmate and completes a personal history statement questionnaire. The inmate is asked, among other things, where he has resided, attended school, names and locations of family members, whom he has chosen as references, where he plans to live and work, and what his own account is of his crime. A Social Investigation is also conducted which includes interviews with persons mentioned in the personal history statement. Before any inmate is paroled, the Board reviews a Parole Review Summary from the Department of Corrections. The summary provides data on the inmate's behavior, attitude, physical status, mental and emotional condition, participation in activities, and performance in work and training programs while incarcerated. At its discretion,the Board may request detailed psychological and/or psychiatric opinions before considering a case. Allinformationgenerated by parole officers and other officials, which become a matter of record within the Board of Pardons and Paroles, are used to prepare summaries of Board actions. Paroles are granted based on Parole Decision Guidelines that were established to assist the Board in making consistent and accurate assessments of the factors that will affect each prospective parolee's chances for success upon release. Excluded from Guideline Decisions are life sentences and sentences for armed robbery. The Board initially identifies the crime severity level of the individual. The crime committed is ranked from Level I to VII, with VII being the most severe. Those ranked in the higher severity categories will serve longer. The next area of consideration is parole success factors. These include age at first commitment, prior convictions (juvenileand adult), prior incarceration since age 17, parole or probation failure, use, possession, or attempt to obtain heroin or opiates, whether current offenses involved burglary or forgery, whether fully employed during six months prior to current offense, and other factors. From these weighted factors, along with the severity level, the Board calculates the individual's parole success likelihood score. This score, along with the crime severity level, is inserted into a guidelines chart which indicates the actual time the inmate should serve. The Board reviews these data, and if approved, the inmate is advised of an expected release date. The inmate i's released on this date provided the Board receives no serious disciplinary reports on the individual prior to the release date. If the length of time to be served, as determined by the Board, is greater than the actual sentence length, the inmate will serve the sentence issued by the court. In no case will the Board add time to an inmate's sentence. Board of Pardons and Paroles Data The Board of Pardons and Paroles collects its own data, compiling it for internal function requirements, as well as making it available to the criminal justice community as needed. It reflects not only workload, but certain qualitative factors concerning the activity of the Board. PROFILE OF PARDONS AND PAROLES Pardon and Parole data are compiled on a fiscal year basis at the end of June rather than at the end of December. Table 71 provides all available pardon and parole data from 1982 to 1986. 1984and 1986are highlighted as peak years for Parole Board activity. There were 8,021 parole releases in 1984 and 9,214 in 1986. 1984 and 1986 were peak years for pardons, with 129 and 127 pardons issued respectively. Most of the data indicate considerable variance in the amount of activity during the five year period. One noticeable trend is the decrease in the number of parole cases denied. A major factor in this decrease is the increasing inmate population forcing fewer denials of parole and the release of more prisoners. The high figure for special releases in 1982 (2,715) is also the result of the need to reduce critical population levels in the prison system. Use of a more scientific approach, the parole decision guidelines, has helped to make the release of prisoners in overcrowding situations more systematic and has reduced the need for mass releases of prisoners. Table 71 PROFILE OF PAROLE BOARD ACTIVITY, 1982 - 1986 Parole Conditional Transfer to Detainer Youthful Offender Conditional Release Commutation to Time Served Remission to Probation Supervised Reprieve Reprieve and Conditional Commutation Other Release Action Special Release Total Released by Board Revocation of Parole 375 Revocation of Youthful Offender Conditional Release 318 Cancellation of Supervised Reprieve - Cancellation of Reprieve and Conditional Commutation - Other Revocation and Cancellation Special Release 38 Total Returns to Prison Board 73 1 Parole Case Denied Discharge from Parole Youthful Offender Unconditional Release Restoration of Civil and Political Rights A) Upon Discharge from Parole B) Upon Application Pardon Medical or Compassionate Reprieve Commutation Reducing Sentence (but not resulting in release) Visitor Interview in Central Office Inmate Interview at Institution Preliminary Revocation Hearing Final Revocation Hearing Other Board Actions Jail Credit Total Other Actions by Board Total Board Activity Total Inmates at End of Reporting Period 9,'306 15,129 14,788 Parole Board Releases Under Supervision at End of Reporting Period (Youth Offenders) Total Parole Board Releases Under Supervision Case Reviewed Under Parole Guidelines A) Cases Reviewed Early in Confinement B) Cases Reviewed Month of Eligibility C) Cases Deviating from Guidelines Lifers Considered for Parole Lifers Granted Parole Lifers Granted Parole at First Consideration Prepared by Research and Evaluation * Breakouts not available Note: "Y.O." = Youth Offenders. Data are compiled in June of the applicable year. Source: State Board of Pardons and Paroles 1,122 9,418 18,455 15,589 1,578 19,111 28,710 15,514 2,091 18,054 27,351 16,415 2,102 18,860 30,176 17,068 v STATEMErn FROM SENIOR OF'F'ICIALS MICHAEL J. BOWERS Attorney General, State of Georgia Attorney General Bowers was educated at the U.S. Military Academy, Stanford University, and the University of Utah. After service in the Air Force, he attended the University of Georgia Law School. A member of the State Law Department since 1974, he became Georgia's fifty-first Attorney General in 1981. Today the criminaljustice system and we who serve in it face more and greater challenges than at any time in our recent history. The most insidious problem remains drug trafficking, a multibillion dollar enterprise without conscience. It is primarily through the dedication of the men and women serving in law enforcement that inroads are being made to cut out malignancy; unfortunately, the extent of our successes simply points out the enormity of the problem. While it is important to stop the flow of drugs by going after the source of supply, I believe it is equally important, and maybe more so, to attack the demand. Society must make drug use unfashionable, and the message should be "if you use drugs, you will pay the penalty." There is no such thing as the recreational use of drugs, and the move a few years ago to ''decriminalize" marijuana use was an absolutely wrong signal to send to our young people. Another challenge we must meet is how to deal with juvenile offenders. While I do not presume to have all the answers in addressingthis problem, it is surely obvious to all that if we lose at this stage we can next expect to deal with children when they become adult offenders, and statistics tell us that surely will happen. A third critical problem is in housing those convicted of crimes. Both state and local institutions are being stretched to capacity, and construction cannot keep pace with convictions. Nowhere in the criminal justic system is the tension greater than where the desire of society to segregate criminals runs head on into the reality of paying for the means to do so. Until we can reduce significiantly the number of crimes committed, there are really only two avenues available: increase expenditures to build facilities to house more offenders, and seek alternatives to confinement for certain offenses and offenders. These and other problems facing us not mentioned here must be addressed; they will not leave of their own accord. Fortunately, as history records, we are at our best when facing adversity. I am proud to be a part of those men and women in the criminaljustice system who daily display their dedication in their deeds; through your commitment, we will meet the challenges facing us and prevail. THOMAS 0 . MARSHALL Chief Justice, Supreme Court of Georgia Thomas 0.Marshall received his B.A. degree from the United States Naval Academy and earned his law degree at the University of Georgia. He was appointed a member of the SupremeCourt of Georgia in 1977and now serves as Chief Justice of that court. In 1986 for the first time in Georgia's history, the state's juvenile justice leaders and practitioners were assembled by the Governor at the Governor's conference on Juvenile Justice for the sole purpose of planning to build a juvenile justice system for the future. If given the proper attention and focus, few tasks facing Georgians and the justice community hold the promise for improving the quality of life in our state as that of improvement of our system of juvenile justice. The reason for this should be obvious - the personalities, values, ethics, skills, and knowledge of our children are still being formed and are more malleable than those of adults. Thus, our chances of altering patterns of destructive behaviour are greater with juveniles than with adults. An effective and responsive juvenile justice system may be Georgia's most effective long-range tool in reducing the problems of jail and prison overcrowding - problems which currently require the expenditure of millions of dollars annually and which consume the time of state and county officials in litigation in federal courts. Additionally, increasing the safety of our citizenry is not only important as a goal in its own right, but also &ts our ability to attract and retain industry and to provide for the economic security of all Georgians. Finally, it has become increasingly important for us tosalvage the lives of each and every one of our children and to insure that they become productive members of our society. As an increasing proportion of our population grows old, today's youth will be tomorrow's work force - a work force upon which each of us will depend for the economic health of our nation. Fortunately, the recommendations from the Governor's Conference established an excellent blueprint for change. Among the most important actions recommended by the Conference were: A. Additional emphasis in funding should be given to community-based treatment programs as alternatives to incarceration for nonviolent offenders. Some examples of these types of programs include: intensive probation, whichcostsless than half the amount per day required to keep a young offender in a DYS hcility; tutorial programs to upgrade basic academic skills; money and symbolic (community works) restitution programs, and family counseling programs. Development of additional alternative programs, such as a temporary emergency shelter in all areas of the state for status offenders and minor offenders who do not require secure pretrial confinement are also needed. B. Funding is needed for a statewide system of fiill-time juvenile court judgeships in each of Georgia's 45 judicial circuits, giving future consideration to expanding jurisdiction of these courts over the entire family. C. Mandatory continuing education for all personnel involved in the juvenile justice system. D. Legislative establishmentof a statewidebody forjuvenile justice policy planning to build consensus and to monitor and measure system goals. Other significant events affecting Georgia's youth during the year were the legislative requirement that each county establish written child abuse protocols by July 1, 1988 and the initiation of a statewide anti-drug abuse program. These events and recommendations provide great promise for improving the operation of our entire juvenile justice system. However, the combined support of each sector of the criminal justice community is needed for any of these improvements to be achieved. Whether this consensus can be achieved is a significant challenge facing our state. JAMES ROBERT (Robbie) HAMRICK Director, Georgia Bureau of Investigation Mr. Hamrick received his Bachelor of Science degree in Criminal Justice from Georgia State University. He is a graduate of the FBI National Academy and a past president of the FBI Academy Associates. Mr. Hamrick has been actively employed in law enforcement since 1959, when he began his career with the Department of Public Safety. He was appointed as Special Agent with the Georgia Bureau of Investigation in 1969. On September 4, 1985, Mr. Hamrick was appointed by the Governor and the State Board of Public Safety as Director of the Georgia Bureau of Investigation. On January 17,1987, nearly 500 Ku Klux Klansmen, members of Klan splinter groups, and their sympathizersharassed and attacked a small multi-racial group of civil rights demonstrators marching in Forsyth County. The attacks were videotaped by media representatives covering the march and citizens throughout the state and nation were outraged by the senseless violence. Civil rights groups responded by announcing plans for a second march in Forsyth County on January 24th. State and local governments had less than six days to plan for and to ensure the safety of perhaps as many as 10,000 marchers. As we all know now, more than 20,000 marchers arrived in Forsyth County on the 24th, coming in planes, buses, trains, and private cars from all over the country. A multi-phase security plan was developed during the preceding days by local, state, and federal project officers working with representatives of all levels of government and civil rights organizations. The plan was implemented smoothly by the 1,700 National Guardsmen and 1,000 law enforcement officers posted at the marchers' assembly point, along the march route, and in the Courthouse Squarewhere the main rally was held. The planning effort and the cooperation of local, state, and federal agenciespaid off. The march and rally were conducted without interference, although the huge turn-out of marchers made a shambles of the events schedule so carefully drawn up in advance. In the days that followed, reviews of the operations were conducted.Providinga secure environment for the marchers on January 24th cost hundreds of thousands of dollars, disrupted business and life in general in Forsyth County, and required participating law enforcement agencies and National Guard units to expend tens of thousands of man hours. On the positive side, the nation and the world learned how Georgians can and do respond to violence and threats of violence by racist terrorists and those of us in the law enforcement community relearned a most valuable lesson: when we work together cooperatively, without concern about who will get the credit for success or the blame for failure, we can handle the biggest problems likely to face us during the remainder of this century. One constant in the Criminal Justice Community is the ever blowing wind of change. To be successful in our vocation we must remain alert to change, both good and bad, in our society. We must also be able to adapt to these changes through flexibility in our priorities, techniques and training. With only slightly more than a decade remaining until the 21st century, we should reflect on the changes which have taken place in our profession. We must plan for the coming years rather than wait in idle anticipation. The daily concerns of the Department of Public Safety have remained virtually unchanged. These are of course our department's reasons for existence; traffic law enforcement, maintenance of public order and the interdiction of those using our roadways to commit crime or escape detection. The laws have become more refined as has the criminal, but we remain firmly committed to this basic public safety role. However, all of us as law enforcement officers also have a duty to set goals and specific priorities for our profession as a whole, at all levels within the state. Of these priorities there are two very important responsibilities that circumstances, as well as the needs of society, require we now face and no longer avoid.These are the reality of terrorism coming to our continent and the organized upgrading of the ethical standards and overall qualifications of those in the service of law enforcement. The first of these priorities, terrorism, draws ever closer to our streets. At thisttime law enforcement administrators must begin to accept this as a coming reality. Rather than paranoia, premature over-reaction, or a lack of readiness too late, it is decisive calm and detailed research that is in order. Even small departments should be encouraged to study terrorism and familiarize themselves with its effects on public order. Larger departments should expand on such study as well as train personnel in tactics or build upon the training of COLQNEL CURTIS D. EARP, JR. Commissioner, Georgia Department of Public Safety A Distinguished Military Graduate of the ROTC Program at Florida State University, he was commissioned as a Regular Army Officer, Military Police, in August 1960. Colonel Earp is a graduate of the Infantry Officer Basic Course; Airborne, Ranger, and Pathfinder Schools; the Military Police Office Familiarization Course; the Military Police Officer Advanced Course; and the US Army Command and General Staff college. His civilian education includes both a Bachelor and Master of Science degree in criminology from Florida State University. Colonel Earp assumed duties as Commissioner and Commander, Georgia State Patrol on 3 October 1986. personnel already in place. Preparation renders regret unnecessary. In the second area of concern, ethics and standards, we at all levels must participate. From the smallest city to the largest state agency, those of us wearing a badge are obligated to conduct our business in compliance with the law, the Constitution and our oath of office. The challenges to law enforcement constantly increase. In return we must constantly increase the educational and character standards of those we recruit and maintain in our service. As organized crime grows stronger through the almost infinite wealth of drug traffickers, the morals of our finest officers are at risk. The most devoted, courageous and committed personnel will continue to be required to win our war on crime. The enactment of legislation to require increased educational and pay standards becomes more urgent each year. Georgia is one of 49 states with minimum standards of certification for law enforcement officers already in place. Due to our highy profiled Peace Officers Standard and Training Council (GPOSTC), who sets the minimum standards, we are one of only four statesto have a de-certificationboard which actively suspends and revokes certified Georgia peace officers for cause. We must pursue this practice (initiated by the legal and medical professions) for other states in order to add credibility to our own profession. In closing, if we are to expect to be treated as professionals we must accept all of the responsibilities which are part of a profession. Let us take the first steps toward upgrading ourselves by recognizing and meeting the challenges of the future today. Through quality training, the upgrading of our own standards, and professional planning the State of Georgia's criminal justice community will become the standard by which our vocation is measured. JIMMY TERRELL President, Georgia Association of Chiefs of Police, Inc. Jimmy Terrell is a graduate of the University of Georgia with a major in Journalism and a minor in English. He began his law enforcement career in 19n with the University of Georgia Police Department. Chief Terrell assumed his duties as Winder's Chief of Police in January 1980. He has served on the Governor's Task Force on Stress in Law Enforcement and currently serves on the Governor's Committee on Crime and Punishment, on the P.O.S.T. Council and as President of the Georgia Association of Chiefs of Police. Our foremost interest needs to be juvenile crime. In order to make our criminal justice system work we must place the proper emphasis on our juvenile court system. We learned many years ago that rehabilitation rarely works with adult offenders. However, we have not made the proper effort with our juvenile offenders. We must create a system that earns the respect of the juvenile offender and one that offers him or her some hope. I feel that a strong, improved juvenile system will be the basis for reducing our crime rates as well as our prison population. In conjunction with our efforts to improve our juvenile system we must also work within our community school systems. As community leaders it should be part of our responsibility to provide law related education topics in our schools or to our Boards of Education. We need to go beyond the subjects of drug and alcohol awareness and present our student with a view of responsible citizens. We need to help place emphasis on remaining in school. As long as Georgia maintains it's high and embarrassing dropout and illiteracy rates, we will continue to have severe crime problems. There are other areas that we must also direct our attention to and which are critical to the improvement and impact of our criminal justice system. The problems with suspects who have been diagnosed as having AIDS or as being AIDS carriers present us with a tremendous problem. We must deal with the problems of isolation, searching,transportationandmedical costs. Our agencies are not prepared for these additional burdens. Another area is that of mutual aid. Georgia needs a mutual aid law that will allow agencies to go, at the request of other agencies, into other jurisdictions in order to assist as needed. Several states have state-wide mutual aid laws while others still work under regional mutual aid pacts. We must be able to respond at a moment's notice, to a call for assistance with a clear understanding of jurisdiction, liability and responsibility. Finally, we need to address the problems of frivolous law suits against police officers and law enforcement salaries. There are mechanisms that can be implemented almost immediately that would aid all of us tremendously if we will only work together. It is a necessity that public safety entities, municipal governments and state government sit down together to plan our courses of action. Our public can expect no less. SHERIFF JOHN ADAMS President, Georgia Sheriffs Association Sheriff John Adams of Harris County is President of the Georgia Sheriffs' Association for 1986-87 term. Adams was born and raised in Columbus, Georgia and moved to Harris County in 1970. In 1975 he became a deputy with the Harris County Sheriffs Office. In 1977Adams was elected Sheriff. He is now serving his third term. There are many problems facing the criminal justice community. Georgia's 159 sheriffs departments deal with these problems at all stages - law enforcement, courts and corrections. But, the number one problem facing every sheriff in the state today is jail overcrowding. Over the past few years, we have seen the numbers increase and today the state of Georgia is in a crisis situation. In 1982, a backlog of 2000 state prisoners in county jails was considered a crisis situation. Today there are over 2700, with local jails operating at over 100% capacity. Local sheriffs are screaming for the state to pick up their inmates. The state says we are full and can't take anymore. The local sheriff doesn't have this luxury and he is required by law to accept them. Either more space in state prisons must be made, or alternatives to incarceration must be used. Building new prisons is very costly but the people of Georgia have got to realize the crisis concerning jail overcrowding. They must be willing to pay the price of incarcerating our state's criminals for their own protection. Local sheriffs and local governments are only equipped to run pre-trial holding facilities, but we are being forced to operate overcrowded prisons. We must increase the use of alternatives to incarceration. The Department of Corrections has two programs, Intensive Probation Supervision and Home Confinement. Both of these seem to be able to satisfy two goals: providing an alternative to incarceration and punishing criminals for their crimes. Judges make more decisions affecting jail population than anyone else. They definitely need to recognize the crisis that we are facing today and use other programs that will provide another avenue for punishment rather than confinement. Every part of the system; law enforcement, prosecutors, defense, judiciary, probation and parole can take actions that will help alleviatejail overcrowding. AU phases need to begin communicating and working together as a system so that there will be increased awareness of the impact of one agency's actions on another. The overcrowding is a result of many agencies making decisions on jail admissions and length of confinement. These agencies must participate in developing other solutions to overcrowding. ROBERT L. DOSS, JR. Director, Administrative Office of the Courts Mr. Doss received a Bachelor of Busines Administration degree in Economics and a Master of Science degree in Criminal Justice and Urban Affairs from Georgia State University. He is also a Certified Graduate Fellow of the Institute for Court Management. He came to the Administrative Office of the Courts in July, 1973, as Assistant Director and has served as Director since September, 1975. Georgia's coui-ts are responding to the need to know and to share information among themselves and other state agencies by increased use of computers and word processing systems to automate many of their communications, operational, and record keeping tasks. Because hardware has become less expensive and software more attuned to the needs of the courts in recent years, automated data systems are now being utilized more and more to obtain statistical information and compile data to assist courts in performing administrative, research, and planning functions. During this past year, the Judicial Council established an Electronic Data Processing Committee to advise courts on automation of court procedures by identifying the minimum statewide uniform data elements that should be included in any application of computers in local courts. Several subcommittees are rendering assistance with this substantial project. One subcommittee, composed primarily of judges, is looking at case management applications, with the goal of reducing the time from fding to disposition of cases. Another subcommittee of court clerks and administrators is identifying the particular data elements required in reports to the Georgia Crime Information Center and other state agencies and those needed within the Judicial branch for caseload studies. With careful planning, applicationsof automationin courts could provide needed data for court management uses, statistical state-level needs, and needs of other criminaljustice agencies. By July of 1986, the SuperiorCourts in seventy-eightcounties were using computer applications in some way. Since that time, a number of additional courts have taken advantage of funds available through federal justice assistance grants to implement measures that will increase court productivity by automating many manual functions, such as warrant tracking, juror selection, case management, monitoring caseflow and open caseload, managing court information, and contacting victims and witnesses, thereby reducing the time a case is in the system. The reduced cost of minicomputers and the increasing availability of improved court management software is dramatically changing the administrations of many courts in Georgia. In addition to a number of private vendors who provide automated applications, the state Department of Administrative Services has also been involved in the development of software package (CORTS) which has been tested in one county and which will soon be available for sale to other counties. Currently, the Administrative Office of the Courts (AOC) is operating a pilot project in six Georgia counties to test a new case-by-case reporting system to replace the current manual on-site count. The project, which measures cases in terms of time taken for various types of dispositions, will allow local courts to determine causes of case delay, set up standards for case processing, and provide statistical information regarding age of open cases and time from filing to disposition. As a result of this effort, caseload statistics should be more accurate and Ning and disposition data will be gathered and evaluated more efficiently. In addition, courts are experimenting with new procedures to reduce case processing time by diverting cases from the trail track to other dispute resolution mechanisms. Among these is a panel arbitration project for civil actions with claims of $25,000 or less in the Superior Court of Fulton County, mandatory mediation in custody disputes in domestic relations cases that are filed in DeKalb County superior court, and Atlanta's Neighborhood Justice Center, which resolves disputes which might have otherwise been litigated. A bill offering litigants an opportunity to participate in pre-trial settlement conferences in the Court of Appeals was introduced in the 1987 legislative session. Although criminal filings in superior courts increased again in 1986, Georgia judges have reduced the open caseload by 10%since 1981. The average estimated amount of time from filing to disposition in criminal cases decreased by nearly onethird over the same period. Processing time for felony cases fell from an average of 6.3 months in 1981 to 4.4 months in 1985. It is also noteworthy that 89% of criminal appeals reviewed by the Supreme Court in 1986 were affirmed. During 1986, the AOC also began compilation of quarterly caseload data for magistrate courts, covering warrants and ordinance violations as well as civil cases. The rapid pace of automation of Georgia courts stimulated by decreasing costs of available technology and the need to streamline the processing of increasing court workloads has underscored the need for careful planning and selection of software and hardware. The challenge now facing Georgia courts is how to channel the current unplanned growth to minimize costs and provide maximum efficiency for the citizens of Georgia. WILLIS B. SPARKS, 3rd Chairman, Prosecuting Attorneys' Council Willis Sparks was graduated from the University of Georgia in 1956. He received his L.L.B. degree from Mercer University in 1962. He joined the Macon Circuit District Attorney's Offie in 1976 and was elected District Attarngrin January of 1981. He is now in his seventh year as Macon Circuit District Attorney. The most obvious, compelling and overwhelming problem in Georgia's criminal justice system is prison overcrowding. Any year that sees an increase in prison space is a good year for the system regardless of anything else, and correspondingly a year in which space remains static must be viewed a bad year despite other accomplishments. A judicial sentence is the culmination of everything that happens from arrest up through all court proceedings. So great is the overcrowding problem that State officials have devised a parole system currently in operation under which 95 percent of sentences have no legal effect but are mere suggestions to the Parole Board who may release prisoners at will restrained only by their own good sense and public opinion. This is fundamentally unacceptable. Decades ago prisoners were paroled because they served some specified portion of a judge's sentence and because they convinced the Parole Board, if released, they would not likely commit future crimes. Now the Board is compelled weekly to release prisoners who have not served any significant portion of their sentences and who will in all likelihood commit new crimesas soon as they hit the street. Overcrowding results from years of inaction in providing space and in not finding cheaper ways to house non-violent offenders. The problem is not peculiar to Georgia, and the Harris administration is cunently making some substantial progress. Perhaps no problem is as frustrating to the public as delays in carrying out death sentences. The problem in Georgia is worsened by the Butts County logjam. Under present Georgia law every habeas of every death row inmate must be heard in the County where the prisoner is confined. Since every death row inmate is confined in Butts county, the Superior court of Butts County is charged with the staggering task of reviewing and ruling on every habeas of every inmate on Georgia's death row. If the law wuld be altered so as to provide that a habeas would be reviewed by a judge in the County where the crime was committed, perhaps the process could be shortened by three years. DAVID C. EVANS, COMMISSIONER Georgia Department of Corrections Commissioner Evans was educated at Georgia State University and East Tennessee State University. He began his career withule State of Georgia in 1965 working in key positions with the Georgia State Budget Bureau, Department of Human Resources. Mr. Evans has served as Commissioner for the Department of Corrections since 1976. During the last year, corrections has begun to resemble the Dow Jones Industrial List - it has been very bullish. The prison system has seen an increase in its population unlike any year in its history. On any given date, we are operating at approximately 110% of capacity. This is severe when you consider that this extra 10% represents over 1700 inmates. Combine this with the numbers of inmates awaiting transfer from county jails, and the figures are staggering. To illustratethis point, if we were to build today for only those over capacity inmates and those in countyjails, we would have to build five new facilities. At $25,000,000 each, with a construction timetable of approximately two years, it is easy to see that we would be in an expensive catch-up building process. But we are in better shape than many other states . . . in a number of ways. Several correctional agencies which chose not to attempt any constructionat all during the seventiesnow find themselves with populations exceeding 175% capacity. Others find their entire systems under federal scrutiny. We, in Georgia, have at least been able to convince the General Assembly that ongoing construction and expansion is essential to maintaining our operational independence from such court action. In addition, we have begun establishing a system of minimum security facilities throughout the state which will be designated for those ofknders convicted of alcohol related traffic offenses, habitual traffic violators, and the lesser probation violators. By simply eliminating these short-term minor offenders from the mainstream of the inmate population we will be able to utilize our available bedspace for those offenders for which it was designed. By combining this new facet of alternative sentencing with the already established programs of intensive probation supervision, diversion centers, and "Shock Incarceration", the Georgia Department of Corrections hopes to provide the judiciary with an array of sanction alternatives. We are continuing to request construction funds, for our efforts affect all areas of the criminal justice system. Until crime becomes less attractive, and alcohol and drug related incidents begin to diminish, added bedspace and workable alternatives to incarceration will be the primary concern to this department, and thereby a major concern to law enforcement, prosecutors, and the judiciary. WAYNE SNOW, JR. Chairman, State Board of Pardons and Paroles Mr. Snow received an A.B. Degree from the University of Georgia in 1958 and earned his L.L.B. Degree there in 1960. He served21 years in the General Assembly; for 11 years he was Chairman of the House Judiciary Committee. Mr. Snow was appointed to a full seven-year term on the fivemember Board of Pardons and Paroles by the Governor in 1983 and was elected chairman in 1985. The need for more prison space became apparent during 1986 as admissions soared to a record level, raising the inmate population and the backlog of sentenced offenders in county jails. It also became clear there was a need to provide lowercost minimum-security prisons for low-risk inmates and to divert more such offenders from prison altogether. The State Board of Pardons and Paroles applauded the leadership shown by Governor Joe Frank Harris when he called the State Fiscal Affairs Committee into session in December 1986 to approve a transfer of funds to create 600 new minimumsecurity prison beds by early 1987. This involved renovating the Bostick Building at Central State Hospital in Milledgeville and expanding a county correctional institution. Inmate overpopulation flared again ironically while the Parole Board was releasing more than ever. During Fiscal Year 1986 the Board released 9,214 inmates, two thousand more than during the previous fiscal year. An additional 3,675 inmates completed 'their sentences in prison and were discharged, while 108 were released through court order. Therefore, the total exiting prison was l2,997. Compare the above exit total with the figure for FY 1986 admissions - 13, 716 - an all-time high. This figure breaks down into 7,483 new sentences by the courts, 4,157 probation revocations by the courts, and 2,076 parole revocations by the Board. We expect to salvage more backsliding parolees when the Parole Board's first transitional center opens in early 1989. The 1987 General Assembly approved bond funding of this new Atlanta center, construction of which will begin in the latter part of 1987. Discipline and counseling in the center will guide more new parolees to a steadier start. Other parolees, fresh from a revocation hearing, may enter the center for a last chance to do a turnabout in conduct rather than be returned to prison. MINUARD C. Mickey) McGUIRE Director, Governor's Office of Highway Safety Mr. McGuire received his Bachelor of Arts Degree from Talladega College in Alabama and his Master of Science Degree in Urban and Regional Planning from Florida State University in Tallahassee. Mr. McGuire began his career with the State of Georgia in 1973 and was appointed by the Governor as Director of the Governor's Office of Highway Safety in 1983. The information contained in this year's publication provides a diversity of information, opinions, and views concerning the status of today's criminal justice system. Perhaps less evident, yet of equal significance, is the continuing search for new approaches to combat the problems facing the criminal justice community by professionals and all individuals interested in assuring the protection of the health, safety and welfare of Georgia Citizens. The pervasiveness of these problems may not be new, however, their nature and complexity require constant examination and corresponding innovative attempts to resolve. Current efforts by the Governor's Office of Highway Safety reflect this activity. Recent reductions of 18 percent and nine percent respectively in the number of DUl fatalities and motor vehicle accidents involving alcohol during 1985 are encouraging, but far from acceptable to Georgia citizens who remain exposed to this tragedy. This year, research has been initiated to determine the incidence of drugs in driving under the influence cases, and methods for detectingthem. Further, pilot programs have been initiated to provide answers to questions including the number of "problem drinkers" in the driving population, what impact judicially sanctioned assessments for DUI first offenders and corresponding intensive group interventionprograms for those evaluatedas problem drinkers may have on the DUI problem, as well as whether these programs can be supported by fees paid by the offenders. Georgia continues to experience an average of over 160,000 accidents, 60,000 injuries, and 1,300 fatalities from motor vehicles each year. Given recent national activity regarding new initiatives in combatting driving under the influence, large truck safety, mandatory seat belt use laws, and raising the current 55 mile per hour speed limit on selected rural sections of interstate highways, Georgiahas been challenged to develop effective solutions that accurately reflect our State's unique character. One of Georgia's chief assets is the criminal justice community's diversity of approach toward solving these problems. This year, the Governor's Office of Highway Safety looks forward to joining other members of the criminaljustice community in demonstrating that the tragedy of deaths and injuries caused by motor vehicle accidents is unacceptable in Georgia. VI APPENDIX Appendix DATA ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES In order to control for population differences, and thus make descriptions and comparisons between jurisdictions and over time more accurate and meaningful, Index crimes and arrests are often expressed as a rate, i.e., specifically, the number of crimes or arrests reported for each 100,000 people. Formula for calculating crime and arrrest rates: Crime (arrest) rate for - Number of crimes (arrests) X 100,000 jurisdiction Total population of jurisdiction or group or group The necessity of controlling for population differences can be seen in the following example. In 1983, Any County reported 95 murders, while Other County had 53. On the basis of this fact alone, a casual observer would probably conclude that murder is much more of a problem in Any County than Other County, there being twice as many. Such a conclusion would not be accurate, however, because the populations of the two counties were not considered. Supposethat Any County has 150,000people, yielding a murder rate per 100,000people of 63.3, while Other County's population is only 40,000, producing a murder rate per 100,000people of 132.5. Clearly, other factors must be considered; however, the rate allows for general comparisons between jurisdictions. Another measure, the annual percent change in the number or rate of Index crimes or arrests, is a comparative statistic useful for identifying trends in yearly data. Formula for calculating percent change: Percent change over = X2-X1 previous year X1 Where: X1 = Number, rate of crimes, arrests in previous year. X2 = Number, rate of crimes, arrests in present year. POPULATION PROJECTIONS County and statewide population figures used in Georgia Criminal Justice Data are based on projections for 1990 population made by the Georgia Office of Planning and Budget (OPB). Population estimates for 1982-1986 are based upon the 1990 projection and the 1980 U.S. Census figures. The following formula is used for each year: + 1986 Population = [(I990 Estimate - 1980 Census Population) x Y] 1980 population Where: Y = 0.6 for 1986 (.5 for 1985 etc.) The following population estimates were used for each county in 1986: COUNTY Appling Atkinson Bacon Baker Baldwin Banks Barrow Bartow Ben Hill Berrien Bibb Bleckley Brantley Brooks Bryan Bulloch Burke Butts Calhoun Camden Candler Carroll Catoosa Charlton Chatham Chattahoochee Chattooga Cherokee Clarke Clay Clayton Clinch Cobb Coffee Colquitt Columbia Cook Coweta Crawford Crisp Dade Dawson Decatur DeKalb Dodge Dooly Dougherty Douglas Early Echols Effingham Elbert Emanuel I986 Population Estimate 16,943 6,411 10,029 3,952 38,655 9,499 23,779 44,415 17,822 14,445 157,253 11,042 10,301 16,246 12,843 36,983 20,8-14 15,264 5,575 14,684 7,977 62,253 40,893 8,295 213,719 22,830 22,191 66,129 78,464 3,752 175,193 6,842 344,277 29,087 37,141 53,317 14,179 43,142 9,278 20,697 13,297 5,356 27,470 518,475 17,548 11,386 109,849 COUNTY Evans Fannin Fayette Floyd Forsyth Franklin Fulton Gilmer Glascock Glynn Gordon Grady Greene Gwinnett Habersham Hall Hancock Haralson Harris Hart Heard Henry Houston Irwin Jackson Jasper Jeff Davis Jefferson Jenkins Johnson Jones Lamar Lanier Laurens Lee Liberty Lincoln Long Lowndes Lumpkin Macon Madison Marion McDuffie McIntosh Meriwether Miller Mitchell Monroe Montgomery Morgan Murray Muscogee 1986 Population Estimate 8,985 15,214 49,282 81,931 34,498 16,090 621,144 12,079 2,467 57,970 33,012 2 1,050 12,323 244,454 26,911 83,340 10,086 19,335 17,997 19,625 7,235 46,735 85,818 9,536 27,367 8,797 12,513 19,294 9,349 9,132 19,406 13,026 5,968 39,799 15,836 48,648 7,257 5,233 74,335 11,639 14,952 20,049 5,481 20,325 8,507 22,447 7.451 22,735 16,691 7,278 12,670 23,581 178,537 COUNTY Newton Oconee Oglethorpe Padding Peach Pickens Pierce Pike Polk Pulaski Putnam Quitman Rabun Randolph Richmond Rockdale Schley Screven Seminole Spalding Stephens Stewart Sumter Talbot Taliaferro Tattnall Taylor Telfair Terrell Thomas Ti ft Toombs Towns Treutlen Troup lbrner lkiggs Union Upson Walker Walton Ware Warren Washington Wayne Webster Wheeler White Whitfield Wilcox Wilkes Wilkinson Worth Total =PbpuEstimate 38,872 15,734 9,613 3 1,347 2 1,266 12,535 13,339 10,299 33,596 9,476 11,503 2,457 11,263 10,317 197,382 50,557 3,655 15,139 10,118 52,126 22,233 5,780 3 1,226 6,737 1,953 19,800 8,069 11,688 12,708 40,676 35,947 24,496 6,019 6,357 53,037 10,084 10,142 10,556 26,914 58,479 35,898 39,177 6,776 20,028 22,367 2,426 5,506 11,131 70,561 8,088 11,537 11,130 19,993 Georgia Crime Information Center P.O. Box 370748 Decatur, Georgia 30037-0748