2003 GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 1 Acknowledgments Georgia Department of Human Resources Division of Public Health Epidemiology Branch Chronic Disease, Injury, and Environmental Epidemiology Section B.J. Walker, Commissioner Stuart T. Brown, M.D., Director Paul Blake, M.D., M.P.H., Director Kenneth E. Powell, M.D., M.P.H., Chief The Georgia Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System is supported in part through Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative Agreement U58/CCU422885. Without the cooperation and participation of the Georgia residents who completed the telephone survey the BRFSS would not be possible. Cover photos courtesy of Georgia Department of Industry, Trade and Tourism. Suggested Citation: Kanny D, Thompson S, Gregory K, Clanton J. Georgia Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2003 Report. Georgia Department of Human Resources, Division of Public Health, Chronic Disease, Injury, and Environmental Epidemiology Section, June 2005. Publication number DPH05/053H. 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 3 Table of Contents 4 Introduction ................................................................................................... 5 Obesity .......................................................................................................... 6 High Blood Pressure ........................................................................................ 8 Diabetes ........................................................................................................ 10 Asthma .......................................................................................................... 12 Arthritis ......................................................................................................... 14 Cigarette Smoking .......................................................................................... 16 Physical Activity .............................................................................................. 18 Fruits & Vegetables ......................................................................................... 20 Binge Drinking ................................................................................................ 22 Mammography ................................................................................................ 24 Pap Test ......................................................................................................... 26 Cholesterol Screening ...................................................................................... 28 Flu Shot ......................................................................................................... 30 Pneumonia Immunization ................................................................................. 32 HIV/AIDS Testing ............................................................................................ 34 Health Insurance ............................................................................................ 36 Disability ....................................................................................................... 38 Healthy People 2010 Table ............................................................................... 40 Data tables .................................................................................................... 42 Methods ......................................................................................................... 45 Definitions ..................................................................................................... 47 Introduction The Georgia Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is a primary source of information on the major health risk behaviors and the use of clinical preventive services among adult Georgians. This report presents BRFSS data for Georgia and for the 18 public health districts overall and by sex, race/ethnicity, age group, income and access to medical care. For the state, all estimates are based on the 2003 BRFSS survey. For the 18 health districts, survey data from 2000 through 2003 have been aggregated to increase the sample size and improve the accuracy and precision of the estimates. For each of the risk factors in this report national Healthy People 2010 objectives have been identified. These objectives represent targets to be reached by the year 2010 and support the overarching goals of Healthy People 2010 to increase the quality and years of healthy life and eliminate disparities. Georgia Public Health Districts District 1-1, Northwest (Rome) District 1-2, North Georgia (Dalton) District 2, North (Gainsville) District 3-1, Cobb/Douglas District 3-2, Fulton District 3-3, Clayton (Marrow) District 3-4, East Metro (Lawrenceville) District 3-5, DeKalb District 4, LaGrange District 5-1, South Central (Dublin) District 5-2, North Central (Macon) District 6, East Central (Augusta) District 7, West Central (Columbus) District 8-1, South (Valdosta) District 8-2, Southwest (Albany) District 9-1, Coastal (Savannah/Brunswick) District 9-2, Southeast (Waycross) District 10, Northeast (Athens) Counties Bartow, Catoosa, Chattooga, Dade, Floyd, Gordon, Haralson, Paulding, Polk, Walker Cherokee, Fannin, Gilmer, Murray, Pickens, Whitfield Banks, Dawson, Forsyth, Franklin, Habersham, Hall, Hart, Lumpkin, Rabun, Stephens, Towns, Union, White Cobb, Douglas Fulton Clayton Gwinnett, Newton, Rockdale DeKalb Butts, Carroll, Coweta, Fayette, Heard, Henry, Lamar, Meriwether, Pike, Spalding, Troup, Upson Bleckley, Dodge, Johnson, Laurens, Montgomery, Pulaski, Telfair, Treutlen, Wheeler, Wilcox Baldwin, Bibb, Crawford, Hancock, Houston, Jasper, Jones, Monroe, Peach, Putnam, Twiggs, Washington, Wilkinson Burke, Columbia, Emanuel, Glascock, Jefferson, Jenkins, Lincoln, McDuffie, Richmond, Screven, Taliaferro, Warren, Wilkes Chattahoochee, Clay, Crisp, Dooly, Harris, Macon, Muscogee, Marion, Quitman, Randolph, Schely, Stewart, Sumter, Talbot, Taylor, Webster Ben Hill, Berrien, Brooks, Cook, Echols, Irwin, Lanier, Lowndes, Tift, Turner Baker, Calhoun, Colquitt, Dougherty, Decatur, Early, Grady, Lee, Miller, Mitchell, Seminole, Terrell, Thomas, Worth Chatham, Effingham, Bryan, Camden, Glynn, Liberty, Long, McIntosh Appling, Atkinson, Bacon, Brantley, Bulloch, Candler, Charlton, Clinch, Coffee, Evans, Jeff Davis, Pierce, Tattnall, Toombs, Ware, Wayne Barrow, Clarke, Elbert, Greene, Jackson, Madison, Morgan, Oconee, Oglethorpe, Walton 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 5 Obesity 6 Percent of Obese Adults, Age 18+, by Sex, Georgia 2003 Obesity is a risk factor for Type II diabetes 50 mellitus, coronary heart disease, gall bladder 40 Percent disease, osteoarthritis, sleep apnea, respiratory 30 problems, and some types of cancer. Obesity is 20 also associated with high blood cholesterol and 10 high blood pressure. The risk of these conditions 0 can be reduced by weight loss. Recommendations for weight loss and weight maintenance include reducing calories and increasing physical activity. 24.3 Male Sex 26.0 Female Obesity is defined as body mass index (BMI1) of 30.0 or more. 50 Percent of Obese Adults, Age 18+, by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 1 BMI= weight in kg/(height in m)2 40 30 Percent Obese Adults, Georgia 2003: 25.2% Healthy People 2010 Objective: 15% 20 10 22.4 0 White 32.4 15.6 Black Hispanic Race/Ethnicity 24.3 Other Percent Percent Percent of Obese Adults, Age 18+, by Income, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 36.5 29.7 0 Less than$15,000 $15,000-$24,999 26.0 24.7 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 Income 26.2 $50,000-$74,999 18.2 $75,000 or more Percent of Obese Adults, Age 18+, by Access to Medical Care, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 23.7 30.0 0 Yes No Access to Medical Care The prevalence of obese adults is significantly more common in blacks than whites, among adults age 25 or more than adults age 18-24, among adults with income less than $15,000 than adults with income $25,000 or more, and among adults without access to medical care than adults with access to medical care. Percent Percent of Obese Adults, Age 18+, by Age, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 14.0 26.4 26.9 29.9 30.3 21.4 0 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Age Percent of Obese Adults by Sex, Race, and Age, Georgia Health Districts, 2000-2003 Obese Total Sex Race Age Male Female White Black 18-44 45-64 65+ N % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI Georgia 20352 23.3 22.5-24.0 22.6 21.4-23.9 23.9 23.0-24.8 20.6 19.8-21.5 30.8 29.1-32.5 21.2 20.2-22.3 28.3 26.9-29.7 20.5 18.9-22.3 1-1 1064 24.4 21.6-27.5 25.5 21.1-30.4 23.3 19.9-27.2 23.7 20.8-27.0 31.5 21.0-44.2 22.0 18.2-26.4 29.5 24.5-35.0 22.4 16.2-30.0 1-2 941 20.0 17.0-23.3 22.6 17.8-28.2 17.3 14.1-21.1 19.9 16.8-23.5 22.6 8.5-47.7 19.6 15.3-24.7 23.6 19.0-28.8 11.8 7.1-19.0 2-0 1337 22.2 18.9-25.8 25.1 19.6-31.5 19.2 16.0-22.8 20.6 17.7-23.9 30.4 16.7-48.6 20.3 16.3-25.0 29.6 22.6-37.7 14.9 10.4-20.9 3-1 954 20.6 17.7-23.9 22.9 18.4-28.1 18.4 15.0-22.5 20.6 17.3-24.4 21.4 14.9-29.7 20.8 16.9-25.3 19.6 15.2-24.8 24.2 16.1-34.5 3-2 928 19.6 16.7-22.9 16.1 12.0-21.3 23.0 19.2-27.4 13.0 9.5-17.4 28.6 23.5-34.4 17.1 13.7-21.2 25.9 19.9-33.1 14.8 8.9-23.5 3-3 829 25.3 21.8-29.2 21.5 16.5-27.6 29.0 24.3-34.2 23.1 17.5-29.8 28.6 23.8-34.0 25.3 20.7-30.5 28.0 21.8-35.2 19.4 11.3-31.2 3-4 922 18.8 16.2-21.8 20.8 16.7-25.6 16.8 13.6-20.4 17.8 14.8-21.2 26.3 19.4-34.6 14.6 11.5-18.3 27.6 22.2-33.7 21.0 13.5-31.2 3-5 940 20.4 17.3-23.9 18.8 14.0-24.8 21.9 18.3-26.0 16.8 13.2-21.2 25.3 20.3-31.1 18.2 14.2-23.1 21.7 17.0-27.3 28.9 20.2-39.4 4-0 969 23.8 20.7-27.2 22.1 17.3-27.7 25.4 21.6-29.6 21.0 17.9-24.5 35.6 26.7-45.6 23.1 18.7-28.3 26.0 21.2-31.5 21.4 14.5-30.5 5-1 1334 28.5 25.3-31.9 28.5 23.6-33.9 28.6 24.7-32.8 27.1 23.4-31.1 33.2 26.7-40.3 25.1 20.8-29.9 34.9 29.1-41.2 27.2 20.6-34.8 5-2 1000 26.0 22.9-29.4 22.8 18.3-27.9 29.2 25.1-33.6 24.1 20.4-28.3 31.3 25.6-37.8 23.2 18.9-28.1 34.4 28.9-40.4 20.3 14.7-27.3 6-0 1363 26.9 24.0-29.9 26.7 22.2-31.7 27.0 23.6-30.8 22.0 18.7-25.8 35.1 29.7-41.0 27.1 23.0-31.5 27.8 22.9-33.3 21.7 16.0-28.6 7-0 1038 24.4 21.4-27.6 19.8 15.5-25.1 28.8 25.1-32.8 20.5 16.7-24.9 30.7 25.7-36.2 21.9 17.8-26.6 31.9 26.7-37.6 18.9 13.4-25.9 8-1 895 28.3 24.9-32.0 24.2 19.2-30.0 32.3 27.8-37.1 24.1 20.3-28.4 40.2 32.7-48.1 26.2 21.3-31.7 35.7 29.8-42.2 23.4 17.0-31.4 8-2 1356 28.5 25.5-31.7 24.5 20.4-29.0 32.2 28.1-36.7 24.7 21.3-28.6 36.1 30.5-42.0 28.6 24.2-33.4 30.8 25.8-36.3 25.2 19.3-32.1 9-1 1961 22.3 20.2-24.5 21.5 18.3-25.0 23.2 20.5-26.0 19.5 17.1-22.1 31.8 27.0-36.9 20.4 17.6-23.5 27.9 24.2-32.0 18.7 14.2-24.2 9-2 1319 29.6 26.4-32.9 31.9 27.0-37.1 27.3 23.5-31.5 26.8 23.5-30.4 39.6 31.5-48.4 27.5 23.0-32.4 33.4 28.4-38.9 28.8 21.9-37.0 10-0 1202 23.8 20.9-27.0 25.3 20.9-30.3 22.4 18.7-26.5 19.6 16.6-23.0 45.5 37.0-54.3 21.9 18.0-26.3 29.3 24.0-35.2 21.2 14.9-29.3 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 7 Specific Source of CarHe igh Blood Pressure 8 High blood pressure increases the risk for heart disease and stroke. It is easily detected and can be controlled by life-style modification like engaging in physical activity, losing weight, and reducing dietary salt intake, with or without medication. The Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure recommends that adults have their blood pressure checked at least every 2 years. Adults with High Blood Pressure, Georgia 2003: 28.0 % Healthy People 2010 Objective: 16% The prevalence of adults who have high blood pressure increases as age increases and decreases as income increases. Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with High Blood Pressure, by Sex, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 27.6 0 Male 28.3 Female Sex Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with High Blood Pressure, by Income, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 42.8 0 Less than $15,000 31.4 $15,000$24,999 27.3 26.6 $25,000$34,999 $35,000$49,999 Income 23.3 $50,000$74,999 20.7 $75,000 or more Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with High Blood Pressure, by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 27.4 0 White 31.3 15.7 Black Hispanic Race/Ethnicity 22.0 Other Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with High Blood Pressure, by Access to Medical Care, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 28.2 27.4 0 Yes No Access to Medical Care Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with High Blood Pressure, by Age, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 7.5 0 12.4 18.2 34.5 47.6 60.7 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Age Percent of Adults with High Blood Pressure by Sex, Race, and Age, Georgia Health Districts, 2001 & 2003 Hypertension Total Sex Race Age Male Female White Black 18-44 45-64 65+ N % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI Georgia 12160 27.5 26.4-28.5 26.7 25.0-28.4 28.2 26.9-29.5 26.9 25.7-28.1 30.9 28.7-33.2 13.4 12.2-14.6 39.2 37.2-41.1 57.4 54.5-60.2 1-1 590 29.8 25.7-34.3 31.0 24.4-38.5 28.7 24.1-33.9 29.5 25.2-34.2 31.8 17.6-50.5 13.4 9.2-19.3 43.5 35.9-51.4 61.9 50.6-72.1 1-2 517 27.1 22.7-31.9 28.3 21.4-36.5 25.8 20.9-31.5 27.5 22.9-32.6 37.8 12.7-71.7 13.6 8.7-20.7 40.6 33.3-48.4 56.7 44.7-67.9 2-0 959 23.7 20.6-27.1 21.7 17.4-26.7 25.8 21.6-30.5 23.5 20.3-27.1 35.3 19.1-55.8 10.6 7.7-14.4 33.9 27.6-40.7 50.7 41.9-59.6 3-1 512 19.6 16.1-23.6 20.8 15.3-27.6 18.4 14.3-23.4 22.1 17.8-27.1 10.9 6.1-19.0 12.0 8.2-17.2 24.8 18.5-32.4 51.4 37.0-65.6 3-2 501 21.4 17.4-26.0 21.5 15.7-28.7 21.3 16.2-27.4 17.8 12.5-24.6 26.9 20.4-34.4 13.6 9.4-19.5 29.8 22.0-38.9 43.8 31.0-57.4 3-3 473 26.1 21.5-31.3 27.8 20.1-37.0 24.5 19.7-30.2 26.4 19.6-34.6 26.7 20.2-34.4 14.0 9.4-20.4 47.8 37.8-58.0 56.2 40.0-71.2 3-4 546 24.8 21.0-29.1 23.6 18.0-30.3 26.0 21.2-31.6 26.8 22.2-32.0 25.5 17.2-36.0 12.2 8.7-17.0 41.3 33.1-50.0 62.0 47.5-74.7 3-5 472 21.9 17.8-26.7 20.3 14.2-28.1 23.4 18.2-29.5 18.4 13.2-25.1 26.8 20.1-34.6 10.0 6.2-15.8 38.3 29.7-47.8 55.5 41.2-69.0 4-0 531 28.9 24.7-33.6 30.2 23.5-38.0 27.7 22.7-33.3 26.4 21.7-31.7 40.9 30.4-52.3 16.1 11.2-22.5 40.1 32.3-48.4 53.9 42.3-65.0 5-1 902 33.3 29.3-37.6 31.2 25.2-37.9 35.4 30.3-40.8 29.1 24.8-33.9 44.6 36.0-53.5 16.8 12.3-22.4 45.1 37.4-53.1 62.3 53.0-70.7 5-2 535 33.5 29.1-38.1 32.1 25.3-39.7 34.7 29.4-40.4 34.0 28.5-39.8 34.2 26.7-42.7 16.0 11.3-22.1 48.9 41.0-56.9 59.3 48.4-69.4 6-0 889 26.7 23.2-30.6 21.7 16.9-27.5 31.2 26.4-36.4 24.9 20.6-29.7 31.2 24.7-38.5 11.1 7.7-15.7 42.2 35.3-49.4 55.3 45.0-65.1 7-0 595 34.5 29.9-39.4 33.5 26.0-41.9 35.4 30.2-41.0 31.5 25.5-38.1 39.6 32.1-47.7 19.2 13.7-26.2 47.8 40.1-55.5 64.4 51.7-75.3 8-1 477 33.7 28.8-39.0 35.0 27.2-43.6 32.5 26.6-39.0 32.4 26.7-38.7 36.4 26.5-47.6 16.8 11.6-23.8 50.9 42.1-59.8 66.3 54.7-76.3 8-2 894 31.6 27.7-35.8 33.7 27.8-40.2 29.8 24.8-35.4 28.9 24.5-33.9 35.6 28.5-43.3 17.7 12.7-24.1 37.1 30.9-43.8 65.3 55.5-73.9 9-1 1080 25.2 22.4-28.2 21.1 17.3-25.5 29.0 25.1-33.1 24.2 20.9-27.9 33.4 27.4-40.1 11.6 8.9-14.8 35.3 29.8-41.2 60.9 52.2-68.9 9-2 890 29.0 25.4-32.9 29.9 24.3-36.3 28.1 23.8-32.9 28.0 24.0-32.4 29.9 21.8-39.5 16.9 12.7-22.2 36.6 30.4-43.3 58.7 48.9-67.9 10-0 797 25.3 21.7-29.2 24.1 18.8-30.4 26.3 21.9-31.4 22.0 18.2-26.3 40.7 30.9-51.3 10.6 7.3-15.0 40.3 32.4-48.7 60.0 48.9-70.2 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 9 Cigarette Smoking Diabetes 10 Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases and was the sixth leading cause of death in Georgia in 2003. Complications of diabetes include heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, blindness, kidney disease, amputations, nerve problems, dental disease, and susceptibility to infections. Obesity and physical inactivity are two of the most important preventable risk factors for developing diabetes. Risk factors for complications due to diabetes include glucose levels outside of the normal range, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, smoking, poor diet and lack of physical activity. Management of diabetes involves controlling blood glucose levels through diet and insulin regulation, monitoring of blood glucose levels, and regular foot and eye exams by health care professionals. Adults with Diabetes, Georgia 2003: 7.8% Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with Diabetes by Sex, Georgia 2003 25 20 15 10 5 7.7 0 Male 7.8 Female Sex Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with Diabetes, by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 25 20 15 10 5 7.1 0 White 9.5 3.9 Black Hispanic Race/Ethnicity 8.6 Other Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent of Adults, with Diabetes, by Income, Georgia 2003 25 20 15 10 5 14.7 0 Less than $15,000 8.9 $15,000$24,999 8.2 6.6 $25,000$34,999 $35,000$49,999 Income 5.9 $50,000$74,999 4.7 $75,000 or more Percent of Adults, with Diabetes, by Access to Medical Care, Georgia 2003 25 20 15 10 5 8.2 6.6 0 Yes No Access to Medical Care Healthy People 2010 Objective: 2.5% The prevalence of diabetes is significantly more common among adults age 55 and older than adults younger than 55. Diabetes is more common among adults with incomes of less than $15,000 than incomes above $15,000 Percent Percent of Adults, with Diabetes, by Age, Georgia 2003 25 20 15 10 5 1.5 4.8 9.4 15.8 18.7 0 18-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Age Percent of Adults with Diabetes by Sex, Race, and Age, Georgia Health Districts, 2000-2003 Diabetes Total Georgia 1-1 1-2 2-0 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 4-0 5-1 5-2 6-0 7-0 8-1 8-2 9-1 9-2 10-0 N% 21321 7.1 1117 10.0 974 6.5 1393 6.3 999 5.1 979 4.8 880 5.6 974 4.7 989 5.2 1015 6.8 1408 9.9 1055 9.1 1416 7.4 1076 8.0 934 9.5 1419 9.2 2057 7.4 1376 9.4 1260 6.3 95% CI 6.7-7.6 8.1-12.3 5.0-8.4 5.0-7.9 3.7-7.0 3.5-6.7 3.9-7.9 3.5-6.2 3.9-6.8 5.3-8.6 8.1-11.9 7.3-11.1 6.0-9.1 6.5-9.9 7.3-12.2 7.5-11.2 6.2-8.7 7.6-11.5 5.0-7.9 Sex Male Female % 95% CI % 95% CI 6.7 6.1-7.4 7.5 7.0-8.1 12.4 9.2-16.6 7.7 5.8-10.2 7.1 4.8-10.3 5.9 4.2-8.2 6.8 4.8-9.6 5.8 4.3-7.8 5.6 3.6-8.7 4.6 2.9-7.1 4.2 2.4-7.2 5.4 3.5-8.1 5.1 3.0-8.6 6.0 3.7-9.5 4.5 2.9-6.9 4.9 3.3-7.1 4.8 3.1-7.4 5.5 3.8-7.9 5.8 3.7-8.9 7.7 5.8-10.2 9.6 7.2-12.8 10.1 7.8-12.8 7.4 5.1-10.7 10.6 8.2-13.5 6.3 4.3-9.1 8.5 6.6-10.7 5.9 4.0-8.6 10.1 7.9-12.7 8.9 6.3-12.6 10.0 6.9-14.4 7.9 5.7-10.7 10.4 8.0-13.3 6.7 5.1-8.8 8.0 6.5-9.9 9.8 7.1-13.3 9.0 6.9-11.7 6.1 4.2-8.7 6.5 4.8-8.6 Race White Black % 95% CI % 95% CI 6.4 5.9-6.9 9.2 8.3-10.2 9.5 7.5-12.0 12.9 7.0-22.5 6.4 4.9-8.4 10.2 3.1-28.2 5.7 4.4-7.3 17.0 8.5-30.9 4.5 3.1-6.4 6.1 3.1-11.9 2.3 1.2-4.5 8.2 5.5-12.2 5.0 3.0-8.2 5.7 3.2-9.8 5.3 3.8-7.3 4.2 2.0-8.7 4.6 3.1-6.8 4.9 3.1-7.6 5.7 4.1-7.7 10.5 6.7-16.0 8.1 6.4-10.2 13.9 9.9-19.3 8.3 6.2-11.1 11.3 8.2-15.3 6.8 5.1-9.1 7.8 5.5-11.0 7.8 5.8-10.4 9.7 7.1-13.1 7.8 5.8-10.4 13.5 8.3-21.2 6.9 5.2-9.0 12.4 9.2-16.4 6.7 5.3-8.3 10.4 7.9-13.5 7.5 5.7-9.7 15.3 10.5-21.7 5.0 3.7-6.7 12.4 8.4-18.0 18-44 % 95% CI 2.2 1.9-2.6 3.7 2.0-6.8 1.6 0.8-3.2 0.8 0.3-2.4 3.0 1.6-5.5 2.3 1.1-4.5 1.9 0.7-5.0 1.3 0.7-2.6 2.2 1.2-3.7 2.2 1.3-3.8 1.7 0.9-3.5 3.6 2.1-6.0 2.2 1.2-3.9 1.6 0.8-2.9 2.9 1.1-7.2 3.4 2.2-5.1 2.0 1.2-3.3 2.9 1.7-4.9 2.3 1.4-3.8 Age 45-64 65+ % 95% CI % 95% CI 11.5 10.6-12.4 17.7 16.1-19.3 15.1 11.3-19.8 22.7 16.7-30.1 10.7 7.5-15.0 19.0 12.6-27.6 12.3 9.1-16.4 13.5 9.3-19.2 6.9 4.4-10.7 13.4 7.6-22.6 9.2 5.9-14.1 7.1 3.6-13.5 12.5 8.1-18.7 11.9 6.4-21.0 8.7 5.8-12.8 17.5 10.8-27.2 6.4 4.0-10.0 21.1 13.7-31.1 9.5 6.7-13.2 18.7 12.3-27.3 15.7 12.1-20.1 23.1 17.4-29.9 12.1 8.8-16.5 21.7 16.1-28.6 10.2 7.6-13.6 20.5 14.8-27.9 13.4 10.0-17.8 21.2 15.4-28.5 17.2 12.8-22.7 20.0 13.4-28.7 15.5 11.5-20.5 16.5 12.1-22.2 13.2 10.5-16.4 17.8 13.5-23.0 15.7 11.8-20.5 19.6 14.1-26.6 9.7 7.0-13.4 16.3 10.8-23.7 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 11 Asthma 12 Asthma is a disease of the lungs that causes breathing problems or "asthma attacks" and results in more than 9,000 hospitalizations in Georgia each year. The airways of people with asthma tighten abnormally in response to smoke, pollen, dust, air pollution, infection, irritants, allergens, or exercise leading to difficulty in breathing. While asthma is not often fatal, loss of productivity, high medical costs, and disability are common outcomes for asthma sufferers. Smoking, genetic factors, allergies and some medications can be risk factors for developing asthma and asthma symptoms. Asthma can be effectively controlled by recognizing and avoiding asthma triggers, appropriate management of medication, monitoring lung function, and giving patients tools and education about managing their own care. Adults with Asthma, Georgia 2003: 7.0% The prevalence of asthma is significantly more common among females than males and among persons with no access to medical care than among person with access to medical care. Percent Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with Asthma, by Sex, Georgia 2003 25 20 15 10 5 5.1 0 Male 8.9 Female Sex Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with Asthma, by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 25 20 15 10 5 6.5 0 White 7.9 8.9 Black Hispanic Race/Ethnicity 7.7 Other Percent Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with Asthma, by Income, Georgia 2003 25 20 15 10 5 10.9 0 Less than $15,000 7.2 $15,000$24,999 7.7 7.2 $25,000$34,999 $35,000$49,999 Income 5.8 $50,000$74,999 3.9 $75,000 or more Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with Asthma, by Access to Medical Care, Georgia 2003 25 20 15 10 5 6.0 10.2 0 Yes No Access to Medical Care Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with Asthma, by Age, Georgia 2003 25 20 15 10 5 9.1 8.0 5.7 5.8 7.8 6.5 0 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Age Percent of Adults with Asthma by Sex, Race, and Age, Georgia Health Districts, 2000-2003 Asthma Total N% Georgia 21264 7.0 1-1 1114 8.2 1-2 971 8.2 2-0 1392 6.6 3-1 998 6.9 3-2 974 7.2 3-3 877 7.5 3-4 972 5.2 3-5 986 8.4 4-0 1014 6.2 5-1 1407 6.8 5-2 1052 7.1 6-0 1405 6.8 7-0 1076 6.1 8-1 936 7.4 8-2 1413 8.0 9-1 2053 6.1 9-2 1373 7.3 10-0 1251 6.8 95% CI 6.5-7.5 6.6-10.3 6.2-10.8 5.0-8.6 5.3-9.0 5.2-10.0 5.3-10.6 3.8-7.2 6.4-10.9 4.7-8.0 5.4-8.7 5.5-9.3 5.4-8.5 4.7-7.9 5.8-9.4 6.3-10.2 5.1-7.4 5.8-9.1 5.2-8.7 Sex Male Female % 95% CI % 95% CI 5.2 4.5-6.0 8.6 8.0-9.3 5.9 3.9-8.9 10.4 8.0-13.3 5.8 3.4-9.9 10.5 7.7-14.3 5.9 3.6-9.6 7.2 5.4-9.5 6.2 3.9-9.5 7.6 5.5-10.4 6.0 3.1-11.2 8.4 6.0-11.6 4.5 2.1-9.6 10.3 7.0-14.8 4.7 2.8-7.7 5.8 3.8-8.6 7.1 4.2-11.9 9.5 7.2-12.5 5.6 3.5-8.8 6.7 4.9-9.2 6.0 4.0-9.1 7.6 5.7-10.1 6.2 3.8-10.1 8.0 5.9-10.7 4.6 2.8-7.5 8.7 6.8-11.1 4.0 2.3-6.7 8.1 5.9-10.8 3.7 2.0-6.6 10.7 8.3-13.8 3.8 2.3-6.3 11.7 8.9-15.3 3.3 2.2-5.0 8.7 7.1-10.7 5.7 3.7-8.8 8.7 6.8-11.1 2.8 1.6-5.0 10.4 7.8-13.7 Race White Black % 95% CI % 95% CI 6.7 6.2-7.2 7.7 6.6-8.9 8.3 6.6-10.5 3.9 1.2-12.1 8.2 6.1-11.0 9.1 1.3-42.8 6.6 4.9-8.8 10.4 3.8-25.6 7.2 5.3-9.7 4.7 2.3-9.4 4.4 2.8-6.8 11.5 7.4-17.4 9.1 5.4-14.7 6.6 3.8-11.0 4.4 2.9-6.5 8.9 4.6-16.6 8.0 5.6-11.3 8.3 5.4-12.5 6.2 4.5-8.4 5.2 2.7-9.8 7.1 5.3-9.5 5.9 3.6-9.7 6.9 4.9-9.5 7.5 4.6-12.2 7.1 5.3-9.4 6.4 4.1-9.9 6.8 4.9-9.6 5.8 3.7-9.1 6.1 4.4-8.3 10.3 6.7-15.4 7.0 5.2-9.4 9.8 6.4-14.8 6.3 5.0-8.0 5.0 3.4-7.3 7.4 5.8-9.3 6.7 3.5-12.7 7.0 5.2-9.3 7.2 4.1-12.2 18-44 % 95% CI 7.1 6.5-7.9 7.2 5.1-10.1 9.4 6.3-13.8 5.8 3.6-9.2 7.1 4.9-10.0 8.5 5.6-12.8 8.9 5.7-13.6 6.3 4.3-9.2 7.8 5.4-11.3 7.5 5.2-10.6 7.3 5.1-10.4 8.4 5.8-12.0 6.9 4.9-9.6 6.5 4.5-9.3 7.3 5.2-10.3 5.9 3.8-9.1 6.5 5.0-8.4 7.0 5.0-9.8 5.6 3.9-8.0 Age 45-64 % 95% CI 7.1 6.4-7.9 9.2 6.4-13.0 6.7 4.4-10.0 7.4 5.1-10.7 6.9 4.5-10.7 6.8 4.1-10.9 6.1 3.7-10.1 2.9 1.5-5.4 9.1 5.8-14.0 4.7 2.9-7.5 6.0 3.8-9.1 5.9 3.6-9.6 7.8 5.4-11.1 6.8 4.4-10.5 7.8 5.2-11.6 9.6 6.5-14.0 5.5 3.9-7.6 9.0 6.4-12.5 9.4 6.0-14.4 65+ % 95% CI 6.1 5.2-7.2 10.2 6.3-16.2 6.7 3.6-12.2 6.3 3.7-10.7 5.7 2.5-12.5 2.1 0.8-5.3 3.2 1.2-7.9 6.2 2.0-17.4 9.3 4.6-18.1 4.1 2.1-7.7 7.2 4.5-11.3 5.6 3.1-10.1 4.5 2.6-7.8 2.6 1.2-5.7 6.9 3.8-12.3 11.6 7.3-18.1 6.0 3.8-9.5 4.8 2.6-8.5 6.2 3.5-10.9 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 13 Arthritis 14 Arthritis causes pain, aching, stiffness, or swelling in or around the joints, and is the leading cause of disability in the United States. Persons living with arthritis may become limited in their activities, which can lead to high medical costs and indirect costs, such as lost wages. Disability and poor quality of life due to arthritis can be prevented or reduced with proper diagnosis and disease management. Adults with Arthritis, Georgia 2003: 26.7% The prevalence of arthritis is significantly more common among females than males, in whites than blacks, and among adults age 45 and older than adults younger than 45. Arthritis is more common among adults with incomes of less than $15,000 than incomes above $15,000 Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with Arthritis, by Sex, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 23.2 0 Male 30.1 Female Sex Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with Arthritis, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 40.7 0 Less than $15,000 30.2 $15,000$24,999 26.5 24.1 $25,000$34,999 $35,000$49,999 Income 20.5 $50,000$74,999 21.2 $75,000 or more Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with Arthritis, by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 29.8 0 White 21.8 18.3 Black Hispanic Race/Ethnicity 20.3 Other Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with Arthritis, by Access to Medical Care, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 27.1 25.2 0 Yes No Access to Medical Care Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with Arthritis, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 5.5 10.0 17.7 35.2 45.4 59.9 0 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Age Percent Percent of Adults with Arthritis by Sex, Race, and Age, Georgia Health Districts 2000, 2001, & 2003 Arthritis Total Sex Race Age Male Female White Black 18-44 45-64 65+ N % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI Georgia 16071 24.5 23.7-25.4 20.4 19.2-21.7 28.3 27.2-29.5 26.5 25.4-27.5 21.5 19.9-23.1 10.3 9.4-11.2 35.5 33.9-37.2 56.7 54.3-59.2 1-1 834 25.1 22.0-28.5 20.4 16.1-25.4 29.5 25.4-34.0 25.3 22.1-28.9 23.7 14.2-36.7 9.7 7.1-13.2 37.6 31.5-44.1 55.3 46.2-64.1 1-2 729 25.8 22.1-29.9 22.8 17.3-29.5 28.8 24.2-33.9 26.5 22.5-30.8 27.5 10.2-56.0 12.4 8.2-18.3 43.9 37.3-50.7 42.6 33.5-52.1 2-0 1131 25.6 22.3-29.3 25.3 20.0-31.4 26.0 22.2-30.2 25.7 22.3-29.5 34.2 18.4-54.6 12.7 8.9-17.9 34.5 27.9-41.7 53.9 45.6-62.0 3-1 702 18.9 15.6-22.8 14.7 10.0-21.2 23.0 18.7-28.0 22.0 17.9-26.8 5.1 2.2-11.5 8.6 5.2-14.0 28.8 22.4-36.2 56.6 43.8-68.6 3-2 686 18.9 15.6-22.7 14.0 9.8-19.6 23.5 18.9-28.9 18.2 13.7-23.7 19.3 14.3-25.4 9.6 6.5-14.1 30.7 23.6-38.8 43.3 31.9-55.4 3-3 643 20.0 16.4-24.2 16.2 10.9-23.3 23.4 18.9-28.6 26.4 20.1-33.7 14.8 10.7-20.1 9.5 6.1-14.6 38.9 30.8-47.7 41.8 28.8-56.1 3-4 710 21.8 18.5-25.5 18.9 14.5-24.3 24.7 20.1-29.9 23.0 19.1-27.4 20.9 13.9-30.1 11.6 8.2-16.1 31.1 24.6-38.4 69.5 56.9-79.7 3-5 729 15.6 13.0-18.6 9.2 6.2-13.4 21.5 17.6-25.9 18.2 14.2-22.9 14.7 10.9-19.4 6.3 4.1-9.6 27.5 21.6-34.3 40.5 30.0-52.0 4-0 728 28.0 24.4-31.9 24.7 19.2-31.1 31.0 26.5-35.8 29.6 25.4-34.2 22.8 16.2-31.2 14.5 10.7-19.5 38.4 31.9-45.4 57.9 47.4-67.8 5-1 1133 31.3 27.9-35.0 27.7 22.4-33.8 34.7 30.5-39.2 30.8 27.0-34.9 33.1 25.6-41.6 13.4 9.6-18.5 44.9 38.3-51.7 61.7 53.7-69.2 5-2 774 27.8 24.5-31.3 23.1 18.4-28.6 32.0 27.7-36.6 31.7 27.4-36.4 22.0 17.0-28.0 12.9 9.6-17.2 35.6 29.5-42.2 63.7 54.5-72.1 6-0 1127 25.5 22.6-28.6 20.6 16.5-25.3 29.9 26.0-34.1 27.1 23.3-31.2 22.9 18.2-28.4 10.1 7.5-13.3 37.1 31.3-43.2 62.4 53.3-70.7 7-0 805 27.3 23.8-31.1 24.6 19.3-31.0 29.8 25.5-34.4 30.6 25.6-36.2 25.5 20.4-31.4 9.8 6.6-14.3 43.2 36.7-49.9 62.1 51.8-71.5 8-1 683 24.7 21.1-28.7 21.2 15.8-28.0 28.0 23.6-32.9 26.4 22.1-31.2 23.3 16.6-31.8 13.9 9.6-19.5 29.7 23.5-36.7 54.5 44.3-64.3 8-2 1082 28.8 25.4-32.5 22.5 18.0-27.7 34.4 29.7-39.5 28.7 24.4-33.5 26.7 21.3-32.9 13.4 9.7-18.2 40.4 34.1-47.0 57.5 48.5-65.9 9-1 1511 21.3 19.1-23.7 18.8 15.5-22.5 23.7 20.7-26.9 23.0 20.2-26.0 21.1 16.7-26.2 10.1 8.0-12.7 29.1 24.8-33.8 52.3 44.7-59.8 9-2 1085 29.6 26.3-33.2 25.5 20.9-30.8 33.6 28.9-38.5 31.0 27.1-35.1 24.1 17.7-31.9 8.6 6.2-11.7 45.8 39.6-52.2 74.0 65.8-80.8 10-0 979 23.9 20.9-27.3 21.9 17.3-27.2 25.8 21.9-30.1 22.8 19.4-26.6 30.5 22.7-39.5 10.7 7.7-14.6 36.1 29.8-43.0 55.7 45.9-65.1 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 15 Cigarette Smoking 16 Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Tobacco use accounts for 38% of all cancer deaths and 82% of all lung cancers in Georgia. Smoking is also associated with illness and death related to heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, low birth weight, sudden infant death syndrome, and fire. For those who smoke, quitting is always beneficial. At every age group, smokers who quit live longer than those who continue smoking. Policy changes to prevent the initiation of smoking among youth and to reduce exposure to environmental tobacco smoke are also important for reducing the burden of tobacco-related death and disease in Georgia. Adults who Smoke Cigarettes, Georgia 2003: 22.8% Healthy People 2010 Objective: 12% Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Smoke Cigarettes, by Sex, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 25.8 0 Male 19.9 Female Sex Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Smoke Cigarettes, by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 23.6 0 White 20.0 18.4 Black Hispanic Race/Ethnicity 28.6 Other Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent of Adults, who Smoke Cigarettes, by Income, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 29.1 0 Less than $15,000 31.5 $15,000$24,999 28.6 22.0 $25,000$34,999 $35,000$49,999 Income 19.0 $50,000$74,999 14.4 $75,000 or more Percent of Adults, who Smoke Cigarettes, by Access to Medical Care, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 18.7 35.2 0 Yes No Access to Medical Care Men are significantly more likely than women and whites are more likely than blacks to smoke cigarettes. The prevalence of cigarette smoking is significantly less common among those with access to medical care compared to adults who do not have access and among adults age 65 and older compared to adults younger than 65. Percent Percent of Adults, who Smoke Cigarettes, by Age, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 25.2 23.4 26.8 28.3 18.9 9.5 0 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Age Percent of Adults who Smoke Cigarettes by Sex, Race, and Age, Georgia Health Districts, 2000-2003 Smoker Total Sex Race Age Male Female White Black 18-44 45-64 65+ N % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI Georgia 21269 23.3 22.5-24.1 26.1 24.9-27.4 20.7 19.8-21.6 24.7 23.8-25.7 19.6 18.1-21.2 25.3 24.2-26.5 25.3 24.0-26.6 11.1 9.8-12.5 1-1 1113 30.5 27.3-34.0 37.0 31.7-42.6 24.6 21.0-28.5 30.4 27.0-34.0 28.5 17.3-43.2 33.9 29.2-39.0 29.3 24.3-34.9 20.5 14.4-28.4 1-2 968 29.8 26.3-33.5 30.9 25.5-36.8 28.7 24.4-33.4 29.0 25.4-32.9 35.0 16.8-59.0 33.8 28.6-39.4 28.5 23.4-34.1 13.9 9.0-20.9 2-0 1388 23.5 20.5-26.7 24.0 19.4-29.4 22.9 19.5-26.8 23.4 20.3-26.8 24.6 13.6-40.4 29.4 24.8-34.5 20.5 16.3-25.5 9.7 6.3-14.7 3-1 994 18.7 15.8-21.9 19.7 15.2-25.1 17.7 14.4-21.6 20.7 17.2-24.7 11.7 7.4-18.0 19.7 15.8-24.2 20.1 15.3-25.8 8.3 4.3-15.4 3-2 982 18.2 15.4-21.3 19.3 15.0-24.6 17.1 13.9-20.9 18.0 14.4-22.4 20.1 15.5-25.5 19.1 15.4-23.5 20.8 15.8-26.8 6.1 2.8-13.1 3-3 878 26.4 22.5-30.6 26.8 20.6-34.1 25.9 21.4-31.1 35.7 28.9-43.3 18.6 14.3-23.8 25.4 20.3-31.3 32.1 25.4-39.7 16.1 9.0-27.0 3-4 973 24.1 21.1-27.5 27.6 22.8-32.9 20.8 17.0-25.1 23.8 20.2-27.7 23.5 16.3-32.6 25.2 21.1-29.8 25.9 20.6-31.9 8.7 4.2-17.3 3-5 984 19.2 16.1-22.8 22.4 17.1-28.7 16.4 13.4-20.0 19.8 15.4-25.0 19.9 15.1-25.6 19.6 15.3-24.6 22.0 17.1-27.8 10.2 5.5-18.4 4-0 1011 22.0 19.2-25.2 25.0 20.3-30.3 19.3 16.2-22.9 24.4 21.0-28.0 12.5 8.1-18.7 24.1 19.9-28.9 24.5 19.9-29.8 8.4 4.8-14.3 5-1 1407 21.2 18.6-24.2 24.5 20.2-29.4 18.2 15.2-21.6 23.2 20.0-26.8 13.9 9.7-19.5 23.9 20.0-28.3 22.6 17.8-28.2 10.8 7.1-16.1 5-2 1052 26.4 23.2-29.8 28.5 23.2-34.3 24.5 20.8-28.6 26.6 22.6-31.0 24.7 19.2-31.1 30.0 25.1-35.4 29.0 23.9-34.7 9.8 6.2-15.3 6-0 1416 24.8 22.0-27.8 26.4 21.9-31.4 23.3 20.1-26.9 25.4 21.9-29.2 23.2 18.6-28.7 25.2 21.3-29.6 29.2 24.4-34.6 12.6 8.5-18.4 7-0 1071 22.1 19.2-25.4 24.9 20.0-30.6 19.6 16.3-23.3 23.9 19.7-28.7 18.6 14.4-23.5 24.2 19.8-29.2 22.2 17.6-27.5 14.0 9.0-21.2 8-1 934 25.0 21.7-28.7 31.1 25.6-37.2 19.4 15.9-23.6 28.3 24.2-32.8 15.3 10.6-21.7 28.5 23.7-33.9 24.5 19.2-30.7 13.2 7.6-21.9 8-2 1415 24.3 21.4-27.4 27.8 23.3-32.8 21.2 17.7-25.3 28.8 24.8-33.2 15.0 11.7-19.1 24.8 20.6-29.5 29.8 24.9-35.3 13.1 8.5-19.7 9-1 2050 25.5 23.3-27.8 29.7 26.2-33.5 21.5 19.0-24.3 27.9 25.2-30.8 19.6 15.6-24.3 28.7 25.5-32.1 27.9 24.1-32.0 8.1 5.5-11.8 9-2 1374 27.1 24.1-30.3 31.8 27.1-37.0 22.5 19.0-26.4 27.3 23.9-31.0 24.7 18.2-32.7 30.9 26.5-35.8 29.4 24.4-35.1 8.9 5.5-14.0 10-0 1259 23.9 21.0-27.1 27.2 22.5-32.5 20.8 17.5-24.6 23.1 19.9-26.7 25.6 18.7-34.1 26.7 22.6-31.3 25.1 20.3-30.6 9.0 5.4-14.7 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 17 Physical Activity 18 Physical activity can reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, diabetes, colon cancer and osteoporosis. Regular physical activity also helps maintain healthy body weight, reduces the risk of falls and fractures, helps prevent back pain, reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression, and enhances quality of life. Benefits can be achieved through regular moderate-intensity activities like walking, housework, and gardening as well as through traditional exercise programs. Inactive individuals who become more physically active improve their health even if they do not reach the recommended level of 30 minutes of moderate-intensity activity most, preferably all, days a week. Adults with No Leisure Time Physical Activity, Georgia 2003: 24.5% Healthy People 2010 Objective: 20% The prevalence of no leisure time physical activity is significantly more common in women than men, blacks than whites, and those with no access to medical care compared to those with access to medical care. Adults with income less than $25,000 are less likely to participate in any leisure time physical activity than adults with income of $25,000 or more. Adults 18-44 years of age are more likely than adults age 55 and older to be physically active. Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with No Leisure Time Physical Activity, by Sex, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 22.1 0 Male 26.9 Female Sex Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with No Leisure Time Physical Activity, by Income, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 42.8 0 Less than $15,000 34.4 $15,000$24,999 25.8 23.1 $25,000$34,999 $35,000$49,999 Income 15.2 $50,000$74,999 12.9 $75,000 or more Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with No Leisure Time Physical Activity, by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 23.2 0 White 27.6 33.1 Black Hispanic Race/Ethnicity 19.8 Other Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with No Leisure Time Physical Activity, by Access to Medical Care, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 22.8 29.5 0 Yes No Access to Medical Care Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with No Leisure Time Physical Activity, by Age, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 15.0 21.4 21.5 26.6 31.4 35.0 0 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Age Percent of Adults with No Leisure Time Physical Activity by Sex, Race, and Age, Georgia Health Districts, 2000-2003 Total Sex Race Age Male Female White Black 18-44 45-64 65+ N % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI Georgia 21333 26.6 25.8-27.4 22.8 21.6-24.1 30.0 29.1-31.1 23.8 22.9-24.7 32.4 30.7-34.1 21.8 20.8-23.0 30.4 29.0-31.8 37.2 35.2-39.3 1-1 1118 31.3 28.2-34.5 30.5 25.6-35.8 32.0 28.2-36.0 29.6 26.4-32.9 50.7 38.0-63.3 25.6 21.5-30.3 37.2 31.9-42.9 39.9 32.4-47.8 1-2 974 27.4 24.0-31.0 24.9 19.8-30.7 29.8 25.7-34.3 26.9 23.5-30.7 22.7 10.5-42.5 22.6 18.0-27.9 32.0 26.8-37.7 38.5 30.1-47.6 2-0 1395 26.7 23.8-29.8 20.2 16.2-24.9 33.0 29.1-37.1 26.1 23.0-29.4 36.9 23.6-52.6 20.5 16.7-25.0 31.5 26.1-37.5 37.5 30.8-44.8 3-1 1001 17.2 14.5-20.2 14.0 10.1-19.1 20.1 16.8-23.9 15.6 12.6-19.1 22.8 16.2-31.2 14.3 10.9-18.4 18.8 14.4-24.1 30.5 22.1-40.4 3-2 977 20.2 17.2-23.5 18.6 14.1-24.1 21.6 18.0-25.7 14.0 10.3-18.8 26.3 21.5-31.7 18.0 14.3-22.4 20.4 15.1-26.8 31.6 22.9-41.9 3-3 880 25.9 22.3-29.8 21.4 16.0-28.0 30.0 25.6-34.8 24.6 19.0-31.3 25.2 20.7-30.3 21.3 16.9-26.6 33.5 26.8-40.8 34.3 24.6-45.6 3-4 975 23.3 20.3-26.5 19.3 15.2-24.2 27.2 23.1-31.7 19.9 16.7-23.6 33.1 25.2-42.0 20.8 17.1-25.0 25.7 20.4-31.9 36.5 26.7-47.4 3-5 989 23.2 20.0-26.8 20.0 15.1-26.0 26.1 22.3-30.3 17.0 13.5-21.2 27.0 21.9-32.8 20.4 16.2-25.4 26.0 20.7-32.2 34.5 25.7-44.6 4-0 1015 25.9 22.6-29.5 23.5 18.2-29.9 28.0 24.3-32.1 20.4 17.4-23.8 40.3 31.5-49.9 24.8 19.9-30.5 26.6 21.8-31.9 28.4 21.3-36.7 5-1 1409 32.1 29.0-35.4 28.0 23.4-33.1 36.0 32.0-40.1 30.8 27.2-34.6 34.8 28.4-41.7 26.8 22.6-31.4 37.0 31.5-43.0 38.5 31.9-45.6 5-2 1057 27.5 24.5-30.7 24.3 19.8-29.4 30.3 26.5-34.5 24.7 21.2-28.6 31.9 26.3-38.0 22.8 18.7-27.6 30.9 25.8-36.5 37.3 30.5-44.7 6-0 1419 30.7 27.8-33.7 22.6 18.6-27.2 37.8 34.0-41.9 27.0 23.5-30.7 36.3 30.9-42.0 25.6 21.8-29.8 35.2 30.1-40.8 37.7 30.7-45.2 7-0 1079 25.9 23.0-29.0 21.4 17.2-26.3 30.0 26.4-34.0 21.1 17.7-25.0 31.0 26.0-36.5 22.2 18.4-26.6 29.4 24.5-34.8 31.1 24.0-39.1 8-1 933 32.3 28.9-36.0 27.3 22.1-33.1 37.0 32.6-41.7 29.8 25.9-34.1 38.2 31.0-45.9 27.2 22.6-32.4 37.3 31.4-43.7 42.4 34.2-51.0 8-2 1418 32.8 29.7-36.1 29.7 25.1-34.8 35.5 31.4-39.9 29.4 25.4-33.7 38.0 32.6-43.6 26.1 21.7-31.0 38.8 33.4-44.4 43.5 36.6-50.7 9-1 2054 25.4 23.3-27.7 20.3 17.3-23.7 30.3 27.4-33.4 21.8 19.4-24.4 34.7 30.0-39.8 21.0 18.2-24.0 31.0 27.0-35.3 32.7 27.1-38.7 9-2 1378 33.6 30.2-37.1 31.1 26.5-36.2 35.9 31.3-40.9 31.4 27.6-35.4 42.9 34.9-51.2 27.9 23.0-33.4 37.4 32.2-43.0 46.5 39.0-54.2 10-0 1262 28.1 25.2-31.3 24.0 19.8-28.8 32.0 28.0-36.3 26.6 23.3-30.3 35.9 28.5-44.0 22.9 19.2-27.1 33.2 27.6-39.3 40.5 32.5-49.1 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 19 Fruits & Vegetables 20 Fruits and vegetables are low in fat and are good sources of vitamins, minerals, and fiber. A diet high in fruits and vegetables may lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancers of the colon, stomach, and prostate. Adults should eat two to four servings of fruits each day and three to five serving of vegetables, for a minimum of five servings of fruits and vegetables each day. Fruits and vegetables in the diet can also substitute for higher fat and calories foods as part of a weight loss or maintenance program. Adults Eating Five or More Servings of Fruits and Vegetables per Day, Georgia 2003: 23.0% Women are significantly more likely than men to consume five or more servings of fruits and vegetables each day. Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Consumed 5+ Daily Fruits and Vegetables, by Sex, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 20.1 0 Male 25.8 Female Sex Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Consumed 5+ Daily Fruits and Vegetables, by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 23.4 0 White 20.5 21.9 Black Hispanic Race/Ethnicity 31.8 Other Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Consumed 5+ Daily Fruits and Vegetables, by Income, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 17.8 0 Less than $15,000 20.0 $15,000$24,999 20.9 22.8 $25,000$34,999 $35,000$49,999 Income 26.1 $50,000$74,999 25.8 $75,000 or more Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Consumed 5+ Daily Fruits and Vegetables, by Access to Medical Care, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 23.7 21.0 0 Yes No Access to Medical Care Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Consumed 5+ Daily Fruits and Vegetables, by Age, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 25.2 19.9 21.5 23.5 25.4 23.9 0 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Age Percent Percent of Adults who Consumed 5+ Daily Fruits and Vegetables by Sex, Race, and Age, Georgia Health Districts, 2000, 2002, & 2003 Total Sex Race Age Male Female White Black 18-44 45-64 65+ N % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI Georgia 16825 22.6 21.8-23.5 19.8 18.5-21.2 25.3 24.2-26.4 23.4 22.4-24.5 19.9 18.3-21.6 21.1 19.8-22.3 23.3 21.9-24.7 26.9 24.9-29.1 1-1 849 20.9 17.9-24.4 18.8 14.4-24.2 22.9 18.8-27.6 21.6 18.3-25.4 11.5 5.5-22.5 18.4 14.1-23.5 23.4 18.3-29.4 25.2 18.5-33.4 1-2 746 21.4 18.1-25.1 14.3 10.3-19.6 28.3 23.5-33.6 20.9 17.4-24.9 31.2 14.3-55.3 20.1 15.5-25.7 20.4 15.4-26.5 29.6 21.5-39.2 2-0 1165 25.6 22.2-29.3 21.9 16.9-27.8 29.2 25.1-33.7 26.6 23.0-30.5 9.7 3.8-22.4 21.9 17.2-27.5 25.8 20.4-31.9 35.3 27.9-43.4 3-1 762 24.2 20.7-28.0 20.4 15.7-26.0 27.8 23.0-33.2 24.6 20.7-29.0 17.9 11.7-26.5 21.8 17.3-27.0 27.3 21.4-34.0 30.4 21.0-41.8 3-2 754 26.4 22.7-30.5 26.2 20.3-33.2 26.6 22.3-31.5 29.1 23.7-35.2 23.2 18.0-29.7 26.7 21.7-32.4 22.8 17.0-29.7 28.7 19.4-40.1 3-3 648 18.3 14.9-22.2 9.7 6.0-15.2 26.1 21.2-31.7 16.2 11.3-22.7 21.0 16.3-26.6 17.5 13.2-22.8 21.0 15.1-28.4 17.6 10.4-28.1 3-4 736 24.6 21.0-28.6 22.2 17.1-28.3 27.0 22.3-32.3 24.6 20.5-29.2 22.1 13.8-33.4 22.1 17.6-27.4 26.7 20.7-33.7 31.5 20.4-45.1 3-5 772 26.9 23.3-30.8 24.5 19.0-31.1 29.1 24.6-34.0 33.0 27.4-39.0 22.2 17.4-27.7 26.0 21.3-31.3 27.0 20.9-34.1 34.1 24.3-45.6 4-0 761 21.2 18.0-24.8 17.4 12.9-23.1 24.7 20.6-29.4 21.2 17.7-25.2 19.0 12.1-28.4 17.3 13.1-22.4 25.2 19.9-31.3 27.8 19.2-38.5 5-1 1179 19.7 16.6-23.3 18.4 13.4-24.7 20.9 17.3-25.1 20.9 17.1-25.3 15.8 10.8-22.7 22.7 17.6-28.6 17.5 13.1-23.0 15.0 10.4-21.1 5-2 805 21.2 18.1-24.6 19.7 14.9-25.5 22.6 18.9-26.8 22.8 18.9-27.3 19.6 14.6-25.9 20.3 15.9-25.6 19.3 14.6-25.0 26.8 20.3-34.6 6-0 1181 20.1 17.5-23.1 16.5 12.5-21.4 23.4 20.0-27.2 20.1 16.7-24.0 20.5 15.9-26.0 19.6 15.9-23.9 19.3 15.0-24.4 24.1 17.6-32.2 7-0 828 19.4 16.6-22.7 15.5 11.5-20.6 23.0 19.3-27.3 19.9 16.2-24.1 20.0 15.1-26.0 16.8 13.0-21.4 19.9 15.3-25.4 27.5 19.8-36.9 8-1 721 19.2 16.2-22.7 16.9 12.3-22.7 21.4 17.6-25.8 19.3 15.6-23.5 20.5 14.6-27.9 16.8 12.8-21.9 24.0 18.4-30.7 18.9 13.0-26.5 8-2 1175 18.9 16.2-22.0 18.0 13.7-23.3 19.7 16.4-23.5 21.3 17.7-25.4 16.1 11.8-21.7 17.2 13.4-21.8 19.5 14.9-25.2 23.2 17.4-30.3 9-1 1581 22.2 20.0-24.7 18.5 15.2-22.2 25.8 22.8-29.0 21.7 19.0-24.6 20.6 16.3-25.7 20.5 17.5-23.9 22.6 18.9-26.7 28.2 21.9-35.5 9-2 1119 20.2 16.7-24.1 14.8 11.1-19.6 25.3 20.0-31.4 20.6 16.5-25.5 19.8 13.6-27.9 17.6 12.4-24.2 25.1 20.2-30.8 20.2 14.0-28.4 10-0 1043 21.5 18.6-24.9 17.1 13.0-22.3 25.6 21.6-30.1 22.6 19.3-26.3 10.5 6.5-16.5 18.8 14.9-23.4 23.6 18.5-29.5 29.9 21.8-39.5 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 21 Binge Drinking 22 Binge drinking results in acute impairment of judgment and physical skills, and causes a significant fraction of alcohol-related deaths. Adverse health effects range from unintentional injuries (motor-vehicle crashes, drowning, and falls) to suicide. Chronic conditions like hypertension, pancreatitis and poor diabetic control are also related to binge drinking. Binge drinking has high social and economic impact; it promotes homicide, child abuse, rape and domestic violence and causes loss of productivity. Binge drinking during pregnancy may cause fetal alcohol syndrome. Effective prevention measures against binge drinking can save lives and prevent development of birth defects. Adults who Binge Drink, Georgia 2003: 13.0 % Healthy People 2010 Objective: 6% The prevalence of adults who binge drink is significantly more common among males than females, in whites than blacks, and among people who have no access to medical care, and decreases as age increases. Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Binge Drink, by Sex, Georgia 2003 25 20 15 10 5 20.7 0 Male 5.9 Female Sex Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Binge Drink, by Income, Georgia 2003 25 20 15 10 5 9.4 0 Less than $15,000 14.0 $15,000$24,999 14.5 14.2 $25,000$34,999 $35,000$49,999 Income 14.7 $50,000$74,999 14.0 $75,000 or more Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Binge Drink, by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 25 20 15 10 5 14.5 0 White 9.8 14.4 Black Hispanic Race/Ethnicity 12.1 Other Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Binge Drink, by Access to Medical Care, Georgia 2003 25 20 15 10 5 11.7 17.2 0 Yes No Access to Medical Care Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Binge Drink, by Age, Georgia 2003 25 20 15 10 5 21.3 19.2 14.7 11.1 5.5 2.0 0 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Age Percent of Adults who Binge Drink by Sex, Race, and Age, Georgia Health Districts, 2001-2003 Binge Drinker Total Sex Male Female N % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI Georgia 17019 12.5 11.7-13.4 20.0 18.5-21.5 5.6 5.1-6.3 1-1 858 10.4 8.1-13.3 15.9 11.8-21.1 5.3 3.4-8.2 1-2 752 13.3 10.3-17.0 20.2 14.9-26.7 6.6 4.1-10.4 2-0 1201 8.9 6.9-11.5 14.1 10.5-18.9 3.8 2.3-6.1 3-1 789 14.3 11.4-17.7 23.6 18.3-29.7 5.6 3.6-8.5 3-2 772 15.4 12.1-19.4 22.1 16.3-29.2 9.1 6.4-12.8 3-3 695 12.9 9.6-17.1 20.0 14.0-27.6 6.6 3.9-10.7 3-4 794 12.2 9.6-15.4 18.9 14.3-24.6 5.6 3.6-8.6 3-5 720 15.1 11.8-19.0 24.3 18.2-31.7 6.8 4.8-9.6 4-0 796 12.1 9.5-15.4 19.5 14.7-25.5 5.4 3.3-8.5 5-1 1141 8.6 6.5-11.4 13.6 9.8-18.6 3.9 2.2-6.7 5-2 792 13.5 10.4-17.2 20.3 14.9-27.1 7.4 4.9-10.9 6-0 1143 10.7 8.6-13.4 16.2 12.4-21.0 5.8 3.9-8.5 7-0 840 14.8 11.8-18.5 24.7 19.0-31.5 5.7 3.7-8.7 8-1 713 10.2 7.5-13.7 17.0 12.0-23.6 4.0 2.2-6.9 8-2 1203 12.8 10.4-15.6 22.6 18.1-28.0 4.1 2.7-6.1 9-1 1597 14.1 12.2-16.2 21.3 18.0-25.2 7.3 5.6-9.4 9-2 1158 13.1 10.6-16.1 23.1 18.4-28.5 3.4 2.0-5.6 10-0 1055 13.1 10.4-16.4 21.6 16.6-27.6 5.2 3.5-7.7 Race White Black % 95% CI % 95% CI 13.1 12.3-14.0 10.3 9.0-11.8 9.8 7.5-12.8 16.1 7.8-30.5 13.8 10.6-17.8 22.4 5.5-58.9 9.1 6.9-12.0 2.6 0.4-16.2 15.0 11.8-18.8 8.7 3.7-19.2 20.3 15.9-25.5 8.1 5.2-12.5 14.5 9.2-22.0 11.7 7.6-17.7 12.9 9.8-16.7 13.8 7.5-24.0 22.3 16.8-29.1 10.7 6.7-16.6 13.0 9.8-17.0 7.1 3.8-13.2 8.0 5.6-11.4 10.4 6.2-17.0 13.7 10.0-18.4 12.8 7.8-20.4 10.7 8.0-14.1 9.2 5.8-14.2 12.9 9.1-17.8 16.1 11.3-22.6 10.0 7.0-14.3 10.3 5.3-19.1 13.7 10.5-17.7 9.5 6.4-13.9 15.4 13.0-18.2 9.9 7.0-13.9 13.5 10.7-16.9 9.3 5.0-16.5 14.1 10.9-17.9 9.8 5.2-17.8 18-44 % 95% CI 17.5 16.2-18.9 15.8 12.0-20.6 19.9 14.9-26.1 13.6 10.1-18.0 18.8 14.7-23.9 19.7 14.8-25.7 14.0 9.6-19.8 15.7 11.9-20.4 19.6 14.9-25.5 16.1 11.9-21.3 13.8 9.9-18.8 20.7 15.5-27.0 14.8 11.3-19.1 21.2 16.2-27.2 14.7 10.4-20.4 19.6 15.5-24.4 18.9 16.0-22.2 19.2 15.1-24.1 16.2 12.5-20.7 Age 45-64 % 95% CI 8.3 7.4-9.3 5.4 3.1-9.2 6.6 4.0-10.5 4.8 2.9-7.9 8.1 4.9-13.1 9.6 5.9-15.1 12.8 7.8-20.5 7.9 5.0-12.4 9.3 5.9-14.2 10.0 6.4-15.2 3.8 2.3-6.2 7.4 4.3-12.5 8.8 5.8-13.2 9.4 6.1-14.3 6.1 3.2-11.2 7.8 5.1-11.9 11.1 8.3-14.6 8.0 5.4-11.7 11.6 6.9-18.8 65+ % 95% CI 1.7 1.1-2.5 1.0 0.1-6.5 0.0 NA 0.7 0.2-2.9 3.5 0.8-13.5 2.9 0.8-9.3 2.2 0.3-13.7 1.2 0.3-4.7 2.6 0.6-10.9 2.2 0.7-7.1 1.8 0.6-5.7 2.7 1.0-7.1 0.2 0.0-1.3 2.9 0.8-9.5 0.7 0.1-5.0 1.4 0.4-4.6 0.8 0.2-3.2 1.4 0.3-6.0 3.0 0.6-14.0 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 23 Mammography Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer incidence among women in Georgia and the second leading cause of cancer death. The number of deaths can be reduced if the disease is diagnosed early. Factors associated with breast cancer are age; personal or family history of breast cancer; biopsy-confirmed atypical hyperplasia; early onset of the menstrual cycle coupled with late onset of menopause; recent use of oral contraceptives or post-menopausal estrogens; never having children or first child born after age 30; and consuming 2 or more drinks of alcohol daily. The American Cancer Society recommends that women ages 40 and older receive annual breast cancer screening, including a clinical breast exam and a mammogram soon afterwards. Women, age 40+, with Mammogram in the Last Two Years: Georgia 2003: 76.3% Healthy People 2010 Objective: 70% The prevalence of mammography is significantly lower among women with income less than $25,000 than income of $35,000 to $75,000, and among women with no access to medical care than women with access to medical care. Women age 55-64 are more likely than women age 40-44 to have had a mammogram in the last 2 years. Percent Percent Percent of Adult Women, Age 40+, with Mammography in the Last Two Years, by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 76.3 0 White 77.0 81.6 Black Hispanic Race/Ethnicity 71.3 Other Percent of Adult Women, Age 40+, with Mammography in the Last Two Years, by Age, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 63.0 78.4 82.3 79.2 0 40-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Age Percent Percent 24 Percent of Adult Women, Age 40+, with Mammography in the Last Two Years, by Income, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 68.3 0 Less than $15,000 69.3 $15,000$24,999 75.4 84.0 $25,000$34,999 $35,000$49,999 Income 83.4 $50,000$74,999 78.0 $75,000 or more Percent of Adult Women, Age 40+, with Mammography in the Last Two Years, by Access to Medical Care, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 79.6 64.0 0 Yes No Access to Medical Care Percent of Adult Women, Age 40+, with Mammography in the Last Two Years by Race and Age, Georgia Health Districts, 2000-2003 Mammography Total N % 95% CI Georgia 8216 76.9 75.7-78.0 1-1 454 69.7 64.4-74.5 1-2 394 75.5 70.1-80.2 2-0 586 73.7 68.5-78.3 3-1 350 78.1 72.6-82.7 3-2 337 81.9 76.4-86.4 3-3 285 71.5 63.1-78.7 3-4 326 79.1 73.6-83.8 3-5 352 80.6 75.3-84.9 4-0 404 77.3 72.2-81.6 5-1 572 71.0 65.8-75.6 5-2 428 78.9 74.1-83.0 6-0 552 79.9 75.5-83.8 7-0 435 77.3 72.1-81.7 8-1 360 72.9 67.2-78.0 8-2 599 75.1 70.5-79.2 9-1 735 79.9 76.2-83.1 9-2 585 70.8 66.0-75.1 10-0 462 72.7 67.0-77.8 Sex Male Female % 95% CI % 95% CI Ra ce Age W hite Bla ck 40-44 45-64 65+ % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI 77.0 75.7-78.3 77.0 74.3-79.4 65.7 62.5-68.8 80.2 78.7-81.7 78.2 76.0-80.3 71.0 65.5-75.9 59.1 38.4-77.0 55.0 41.4-67.9 75.1 68.0-81.0 69.6 60.4-77.4 75.8 70.1-80.7 84.4 56.2-95.8 61.0 46.3-74.0 81.6 75.3-86.6 74.4 63.1-83.1 73.2 67.8-78.0 83.8 57.6-95.2 62.6 48.2-75.0 77.3 70.5-82.8 74.8 65.8-82.0 80.7 75.1-85.3 45.1 26.8-64.9 66.4 52.3-78.2 79.8 72.9-85.4 86.4 74.8-93.2 81.3 74.1-86.9 84.8 75.4-91.0 66.2 52.3-77.7 88.4 81.7-92.8 82.8 71.0-90.4 69.6 56.5-80.1 77.3 66.9-85.1 54.1 35.8-71.4 77.0 67.4-84.3 81.4 68.3-89.9 77.3 70.9-82.7 89.3 73.0-96.2 77.1 65.6-85.6 77.4 69.6-83.6 90.6 79.4-96.0 82.8 76.2-87.9 77.8 68.8-84.9 62.9 48.7-75.2 84.2 77.5-89.2 87.8 79.6-93.0 81.2 76.1-85.4 68.8 54.1-80.4 63.8 49.6-75.9 82.7 76.5-87.5 76.4 66.5-84.1 71.0 65.1-76.2 71.3 59.7-80.7 59.0 46.2-70.6 74.2 67.0-80.3 71.4 62.1-79.3 80.3 74.2-85.3 74.0 64.8-81.4 71.4 58.8-81.4 75.6 68.3-81.7 87.9 80.0-93.0 77.3 71.4-82.3 85.1 77.5-90.4 75.7 63.9-84.6 83.9 77.9-88.5 74.4 65.7-81.5 78.4 71.1-84.4 77.7 69.5-84.1 67.0 52.4-78.9 82.0 76.2-86.6 75.0 63.0-84.1 71.9 64.9-77.9 78.4 68.1-86.0 64.7 47.9-78.4 76.7 69.0-82.9 72.2 61.8-80.6 77.0 71.3-81.8 72.7 64.1-79.8 59.3 47.1-70.4 78.4 72.0-83.6 79.7 72.1-85.6 81.3 77.0-85.0 74.9 66.2-81.9 68.9 58.9-77.4 83.0 78.0-87.1 80.9 73.7-86.5 69.5 64.1-74.4 79.0 67.7-87.1 58.3 46.2-69.6 74.9 68.6-80.3 70.6 61.5-78.3 72.1 65.4-77.9 73.8 59.7-84.3 59.8 45.8-72.4 76.5 68.6-82.9 72.3 61.1-81.3 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 25 Pap Test An estimated 430 cases of cervical cancer were diagnosed and 120 women were expected to die of the disease in Georgia in 2003. The risk of developing cervical cancer is closely linked with sexual practices and sexually transmitted infections with human papillomavirus. Becoming sexually active at a young age, having multiple sex partners, and smoking cigarettes are all risk factors for cervical cancer. The American Cancer Society recommends that all women begin cervical cancer screening within 3 years after becoming sexually active, but no later than age 21. Screening should be done every year with the regular Pap test, or every 2 years using the newer liquid-based Pap test. At age 30, women who have had 3 normal Pap tests in a row may get screened every two to three years. Women who had a Pap test within Three Years, Georgia 2003: 89.6% Healthy People 2010 Objective: 90% White women than black and women age 65 and older than women younger than 65 were less likely to have a Pap test. Women with income below $15,000 than women with income of $15,000 or more and women with no access to medical care were less likely to have a Pap test. Percent Percent Percent of Adult Women, Age 18+, without Hysterectomy, who received a Pap Smear in the Last Three Years, by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 88.6 0 White 93.1 90.4 Black Hispanic Race/Ethnicity 81.4 Other Percent of Adult Women, Age 18+, without Hysterectomy, who received a Pap Smear in the Last Three Years, by Age, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 87.0 93.6 93.4 92.0 87.3 70.9 0 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Age Percent Percent 26 Percent of Adult Women, Age 18+, without Hysterectomy, who received a Pap Smear in the Last Three Years, by Income, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 80.7 0 Less than $15,000 89.4 $15,000$24,999 91.1 92.0 $25,000$34,999 $35,000$49,999 Income 94.7 $50,000$74,999 94.6 $75,000 or more Percent of Adult Women, Age 18+, without Hysterectomy, who received a Pap Smear in the Last Three Years, by Access to Medical Care, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 91.3 85.5 0 Yes No Access to Medical Care Percent of Adult Women without Hysterectomy, who received a Pap Smear in the Last Three Years by Race and Age, Georgia Health Districts, 2000-2003 Pap Test Tota l N % 95% CI Georgia 9040 89.5 88.6-90.3 1-1 422 83.9 79.1-87.8 1-2 376 89.2 85.0-92.4 2-0 575 86.1 82.0-89.4 3-1 469 91.5 87.9-94.1 3-2 462 91.7 87.5-94.6 3-3 446 91.7 87.7-94.4 3-4 437 91.3 87.6-94.0 3-5 495 90.9 86.9-93.8 4-0 433 89.2 85.3-92.1 5-1 496 91.0 87.6-93.4 5-2 420 94.0 91.1-95.9 6-0 589 91.4 88.5-93.7 7-0 456 92.1 89.0-94.4 8-1 398 88.0 83.9-91.2 8-2 594 88.6 84.8-91.5 9-1 863 89.8 87.0-92.0 9-2 545 86.0 82.2-89.2 10-0 564 85.9 81.1-89.6 Sex Male Female % 95% CI % 95% CI Ra ce Age W hite Bla ck 18-4418-44 45-6445-64 65+65+ % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI 88.5 87.4-89.5 92.4 90.7-93.8 91.9 90.8-92.8 88.6 86.8-90.2 74.1 70.7-77.4 82.8 77.5-87.0 91.1 70.7-97.7 85.9 79.8-90.4 82.4 71.5-89.8 73.3 58.7-84.1 89.8 85.2-93.1 92.1 69.8-98.3 91.5 85.8-95.1 91.1 84.6-95.0 65.2 48.6-78.8 86.3 81.8-89.8 96.6 86.6-99.2 89.2 83.7-93.0 86.0 77.2-91.8 65.7 52.5-76.8 92.6 88.5-95.3 87.3 76.8-93.4 93.7 89.4-96.3 87.3 78.3-92.9 83.2 64.0-93.3 92.4 85.9-96.0 89.5 81.9-94.2 93.0 87.8-96.1 91.4 79.9-96.6 76.3 58.6-88.0 89.6 80.9-94.6 94.3 89.8-96.9 92.1 87.0-95.3 91.7 82.9-96.2 84.6 66.9-93.7 91.5 87.6-94.3 96.1 88.0-98.8 91.8 86.8-95.0 89.8 82.6-94.2 92.5 74.8-98.1 89.2 82.2-93.7 92.9 86.6-96.4 90.9 85.2-94.5 92.5 85.7-96.2 85.8 73.0-93.1 90.5 86.7-93.4 88.2 76.5-94.5 92.8 88.1-95.8 89.5 82.3-94.0 57.4 40.1-73.0 89.4 84.9-92.6 94.6 89.0-97.4 93.4 89.1-96.1 89.4 82.1-93.9 79.3 66.2-88.3 93.1 88.9-95.7 96.2 91.9-98.3 96.3 92.5-98.2 92.1 85.1-95.9 82.4 70.4-90.1 88.5 83.7-92.0 95.5 91.8-97.6 94.2 91.0-96.3 90.2 81.9-94.9 66.7 51.5-79.0 91.2 86.2-94.5 95.0 91.2-97.2 95.8 92.5-97.7 90.2 83.5-94.3 71.9 54.5-84.5 85.8 80.0-90.1 92.7 86.5-96.1 91.3 86.4-94.6 85.8 76.2-91.9 69.8 50.9-83.7 84.8 78.9-89.3 94.3 89.9-96.9 91.1 85.4-94.7 88.9 82.6-93.1 72.9 62.0-81.6 88.5 84.9-91.4 92.5 86.9-95.9 93.1 90.1-95.3 88.0 81.3-92.6 71.2 59.1-80.9 84.9 80.4-88.5 92.1 82.3-96.7 90.3 85.9-93.4 78.1 68.9-85.1 73.4 59.4-84.0 83.7 78.0-88.2 96.1 89.6-98.6 88.0 82.3-92.0 83.4 70.9-91.2 74.6 60.1-85.1 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 27 Cholesterol Screening 28 Cholesterol is fat needed for the body to function normally, but when there is too much cholesterol in blood it can be deposited in arterial walls creating waxy plaques. Cholesterol build up in the arteries happens slowly but over time can cause heart attacks, stroke, and other vascular problems. Lowering blood cholesterol can reduce the risk of dying from heart disease, a non-fatal heart attack, and a heart bypass surgery. The national Cholesterol Education Program recommends that adults have their cholesterol level checked at least every five years. Adults who had Blood Cholesterol checked in the past five years, Georgia 2003: 75.2 % Healthy People 2010 Objective: 80% The prevalence of adults who had blood cholesterol checked was significantly more common among females than males, in whites than in blacks, and more common among those with access to medical care. Adults at the highest income were more likely than other income levels to have cholesterol checked. Cholesterol screening prevalence increases as age increases. Percent Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Have Had Their Cholesterol Checked within the Preceeding Five Years, by Sex, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 72.5 0 Male 77.7 Female Sex Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Have Had Their Cholesterol Checked within the Preceeding Five Years, by Income, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 67.0 0 Less than $15,000 65.8 $15,000$24,999 69.8 74.8 $25,000$34,999 $35,000$49,999 Income 80.8 $50,000$74,999 85.1 $75,000 or more Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Have Had Their Cholesterol Checked within the Preceeding Five Years, by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 77.2 0 White 72.1 63.0 Black Hispanic Race/Ethnicity 73.4 Other Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Have Had Their Cholesterol Checked within the Preceeding Five Years, by Access to Medical Care, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 80.7 58.3 0 Yes No Access to Medical Care Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who Have Had Their Cholesterol Checked within the Preceeding Five Years, by Age, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 46.2 61.7 76.4 84.2 92.2 92.9 0 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Age Percent of Adults, who Have Had Their Cholesterol Checked within the Preceeding Five Years by Sex, Race, and Age, Georgia Health Districts, 2001 & 2003 Total Sex Race Age Male Female White Black 18-44 45-64 65+ N % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI Georgia 11703 74.9 73.7-76.0 72.8 70.9-74.7 76.8 75.4-78.1 76.5 75.2-77.8 73.1 70.6-75.5 64.4 62.6-66.2 85.7 84.1-87.1 91.7 89.9-93.2 1-1 571 70.7 65.9-75.1 68.3 60.3-75.4 73.0 67.3-78.0 71.3 66.1-76.0 65.7 47.5-80.3 57.3 50.3-64.1 87.6 81.2-92.1 85.0 72.8-92.3 1-2 497 74.5 68.7-79.6 70.5 60.8-78.6 78.6 72.3-83.8 74.5 68.4-79.7 86.2 55.0-97.0 59.5 50.9-67.6 92.6 87.5-95.7 95.4 85.2-98.7 2-0 928 73.3 69.0-77.2 74.2 67.5-80.0 72.5 66.8-77.5 74.4 69.9-78.5 81.9 61.3-92.8 62.8 56.2-68.9 82.7 75.7-88.0 92.1 86.2-95.6 3-1 496 77.3 72.3-81.6 78.8 71.0-84.9 75.8 69.0-81.5 76.0 70.0-81.1 79.9 68.4-88.0 71.8 64.7-77.9 83.3 74.3-89.6 96.8 87.5-99.3 3-2 483 71.4 65.7-76.4 71.7 62.5-79.3 71.1 64.0-77.2 75.4 67.5-82.0 69.5 60.5-77.2 59.6 51.7-67.0 88.4 80.4-93.5 92.9 83.7-97.1 3-3 466 74.2 68.2-79.4 68.1 57.8-77.0 79.7 73.7-84.7 74.9 62.9-84.1 73.7 66.5-79.8 65.6 57.6-72.8 87.4 78.1-93.1 97.4 89.8-99.4 3-4 531 75.8 71.2-79.9 74.1 66.7-80.3 77.5 71.7-82.5 76.0 70.5-80.7 72.2 60.4-81.6 68.2 61.9-74.0 86.0 77.8-91.5 94.5 81.2-98.6 3-5 455 73.5 67.2-78.9 61.3 50.9-70.8 84.1 78.2-88.6 73.3 64.7-80.4 74.0 63.6-82.3 64.7 56.1-72.5 86.3 77.3-92.1 90.5 79.8-95.9 4-0 512 78.5 73.9-82.5 73.5 65.5-80.1 83.2 78.3-87.2 80.5 75.2-84.9 76.0 64.9-84.5 71.6 64.6-77.8 85.1 78.2-90.1 89.9 78.5-95.6 5-1 850 72.9 68.4-77.0 71.5 64.2-77.9 74.2 68.6-79.1 71.0 65.4-76.0 76.3 67.4-83.3 62.4 55.3-68.9 80.3 73.0-85.9 91.9 85.8-95.5 5-2 517 80.0 75.5-83.8 81.5 74.3-87.0 78.6 72.6-83.5 81.6 76.1-86.1 78.9 70.6-85.4 68.3 61.0-74.8 90.7 84.7-94.5 96.5 90.7-98.7 6-0 858 75.3 71.2-79.0 73.6 66.6-79.6 76.9 72.0-81.2 78.1 73.1-82.5 69.5 61.6-76.4 63.2 56.8-69.3 87.4 82.1-91.3 91.4 84.1-95.5 7-0 573 75.2 70.2-79.7 75.3 66.2-82.6 75.2 69.7-79.9 76.2 68.6-82.5 75.3 67.9-81.4 64.8 56.9-72.0 87.0 81.3-91.1 90.8 78.3-96.5 8-1 462 71.0 65.1-76.3 68.1 58.3-76.5 73.8 66.9-79.7 76.5 70.2-81.8 63.0 50.1-74.3 62.0 53.4-70.0 81.6 73.3-87.7 83.5 66.2-92.9 8-2 849 71.3 66.4-75.7 67.0 59.6-73.6 74.9 68.4-80.5 74.7 68.3-80.1 66.1 57.9-73.5 59.3 52.1-66.2 81.5 74.4-86.9 90.1 81.1-95.1 9-1 1054 76.9 73.5-79.9 74.7 69.4-79.4 78.9 74.5-82.8 78.3 74.5-81.7 80.2 73.8-85.4 67.9 62.9-72.6 87.5 82.6-91.1 93.0 87.3-96.3 9-2 846 70.7 66.5-74.5 70.0 63.5-75.8 71.3 65.8-76.2 67.1 62.1-71.7 80.0 70.7-86.9 60.7 54.2-66.9 80.1 73.8-85.2 89.4 82.5-93.8 10-0 755 71.6 66.7-76.1 73.9 66.5-80.1 69.5 62.8-75.5 70.6 64.9-75.8 79.5 68.8-87.2 60.9 54.0-67.3 83.0 74.1-89.3 94.5 85.9-98.0 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 29 Flu Shot Influenza and pneumonia were the seventh leading causes of death in Georgia in 2003. Infection with the influenza virus is often resolved within two weeks, but can lead to serious or life-threatening disease in some people, especially the elderly or people with chronic health problems. Influenza vaccination, or a flu shot, can reduce much of the morbidity and mortality associated with the flu. People who are 65 years or older and people with chronic diseases such as asthma or diabetes should receive an influenza vaccine every fall. Adults age 65+ Flu shot in the Last Year, Georgia 2003: 67.0% Healthy People 2010 Objective: 90% Whites were significantly more likely than blacks to have a flu shot. Adults with access to medical care were significantly more likely than those with no access to medical care to have a flu shot. Percent Percent Percent of Adults, Age 65+, with Influenza Vaccination in the Last Year by Sex, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 70.6 0 Male 64.6 Female Sex Percent of Adults, Age 65+, with Influenza Vaccination in the Last Year by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 68.8 58.9 0 White Black Race/Ethnicity Percent Percent 30 Percent of Adults, Age 65+, with Influenza Vaccination in the Last Year, by Income, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 63.0 0 Less than $15,000 63.5 $15,000$24,999 70.6 72.5 $25,000$34,999 $35,000$49,999 Income 69.2 $50,000$74,999 63.2 $75,000 or more Percent of Adults, Age 65+, with Influenza Vaccination in the Last Year, by Access to Medical Care, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 68.4 52.9 0 Yes No Access to Medical Care Percent of Adults, Age 65+, with Influenza Vaccination in the Last Year by Sex and Race, Georgia Health Districts, 2000-2003 N Georgia 3646 1-1 210 1-2 157 2-0 307 3-1 124 3-2 117 3-3 96 3-4 100 3-5 134 4-0 159 5-1 310 5-2 222 6-0 252 7-0 184 8-1 185 8-2 294 9-1 330 9-2 258 10-0 207 Tota l Sex Ra ce Male Female W hite Bla ck % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI 63.1 61.0-65.1 65.8 62.2-69.2 61.3 58.8-63.8 67.4 65.2-69.6 47.3 42.2-52.5 58.7 50.8-66.2 63.4 49.4-75.5 55.5 46.3-64.3 60.4 52.2-68.1 23.1 6.2-57.5 64.9 55.7-73.1 66.6 50.3-79.7 63.8 52.7-73.7 65.8 56.4-74.1 56.6 7.5-95.4 63.7 56.3-70.6 62.1 49.7-73.2 65.0 56.0-73.0 65.0 57.4-71.9 30.8 9.1-66.4 55.7 45.2-65.8 46.6 29.2-64.9 62.1 49.7-73.2 59.9 48.6-70.2 13.4 2.5-48.4 62.0 51.6-71.4 57.2 40.6-72.4 65.4 52.2-76.7 71.2 59.0-81.0 43.6 25.9-63.1 62.4 50.4-73.0 65.2 45.3-81.0 59.8 45.4-72.8 62.7 48.8-74.8 59.4 34.0-80.6 73.2 62.7-81.7 82.1 67.4-91.0 64.9 49.5-77.7 75.2 64.3-83.6 81.7 39.7-96.8 63.3 53.3-72.2 76.6 60.9-87.3 54.2 42.3-65.7 79.3 69.4-86.6 29.8 15.5-49.5 61.9 52.7-70.3 60.2 44.0-74.5 63.2 52.7-72.6 62.6 52.7-71.6 44.0 21.1-69.8 60.7 53.4-67.6 62.6 50.4-73.4 59.3 50.3-67.8 62.5 54.3-70.0 49.7 33.1-66.4 65.2 57.9-71.8 62.7 49.6-74.1 66.8 58.2-74.4 72.9 64.6-79.8 51.6 37.5-65.5 69.1 61.8-75.6 80.8 69.2-88.8 60.1 50.8-68.7 74.0 65.8-80.8 53.0 36.4-68.9 57.6 49.0-65.7 67.7 53.4-79.3 50.9 40.5-61.2 62.7 52.2-72.1 44.9 29.6-61.3 66.4 57.4-74.3 63.7 49.1-76.2 68.4 56.9-78.0 68.8 59.6-76.7 61.1 39.5-79.0 66.9 59.8-73.3 63.2 50.4-74.4 69.6 61.5-76.6 72.3 64.4-79.1 49.8 35.3-64.4 64.6 58.4-70.3 71.9 61.6-80.3 59.2 51.6-66.4 68.1 61.1-74.5 55.2 41.2-68.4 65.2 57.7-72.0 75.2 62.0-84.9 58.5 49.3-67.2 66.8 58.3-74.3 59.7 39.1-77.4 61.6 53.1-69.5 67.2 53.6-78.4 56.6 45.7-66.9 62.6 53.2-71.1 57.7 36.5-76.4 18-44 % 95% CI Age 45-64 % 95% CI 65+ % 95% CI 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 31 Pneumonia Immunization 32 Influenza and pneumonia were the seventh leading causes of death in Georgia in 2003, and pneumococcal disease is responsible for the most vaccine-preventable deaths in the United States. Pneumococcal bacteria can cause meningitis, pneumonia, and infections in the blood (septicemia). Adults older than 65 and people with chronic health problems like diabetes, heart disease, and kidney failure are at especially high risk for infection. Penicillin was once an effective treatment for pneumococcal disease, but drug resistant strains of the bacteria have made prevention of infection though immunization vital. The vaccine can be given at any time of the year. Usually one dose is all that is needed. Adults, age 65+, Pneumonia Immunization, Georgia 2003: 60.5% Healthy People 2010 Objective: 90% The prevalence of pneumonia vaccination is significantly more common among whites than blacks. Percent Percent Percent of Adults, Age 65+, with Pneumonia Vaccination, by Sex, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 60.8 0 Male 60.3 Female Sex Percent of Adults, Age 65+, with Pneumonia Vaccination, by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 65.6 42.7 0 White Black Race/Ethnicity Percent Percent Percent of Adults, Age 65+, with Pneumonia Vaccination, by Income, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 60.8 0 Less than $15,000 57.7 $15,000$24,999 61.8 62.0 $25,000$34,999 $35,000$49,999 Income 64.2 $50,000$74,999 50.6 $75,000 or more Percent of Adults, Age 65+, with Pneumonia Vaccination, by Access to Medical Care, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 61.8 48.5 0 Yes No Access to Medical Care Percent of Adults, Age 65+, with Pneumonia Vaccination by Sex and Race, Georgia Health Districts, 2000-2003 Georgia 1-1 1-2 2-0 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 4-0 5-1 5-2 6-0 7-0 8-1 8-2 9-1 9-2 10-0 N 3562 206 154 301 124 113 96 99 135 157 300 217 244 178 179 286 323 252 198 Total % 95% CI 59.0 56.9-61.1 57.8 49.7-65.4 70.1 61.0-77.8 55.0 47.6-62.2 63.9 53.6-73.1 53.9 43.4-64.1 57.4 45.6-68.4 72.2 61.7-80.8 58.6 48.6-67.8 55.3 46.2-64.1 55.5 48.2-62.6 61.7 54.1-68.8 62.4 54.4-69.7 43.2 35.0-51.7 54.2 45.4-62.7 62.6 55.3-69.4 54.2 47.8-60.5 59.7 51.9-67.1 61.2 52.4-69.2 Sex Male Female % 95% CI % 95% CI 57.6 54.0-61.2 59.9 57.3-62.4 55.6 41.3-69.0 59.2 50.1-67.8 56.9 40.6-71.8 78.1 68.8-85.2 47.9 36.3-59.7 60.8 51.8-69.2 55.8 37.7-72.4 69.6 57.6-79.5 55.8 38.8-71.6 52.5 39.5-65.2 62.7 43.5-78.6 52.7 38.6-66.5 80.0 65.2-89.5 65.0 49.7-77.7 53.5 37.1-69.2 62.0 49.6-73.1 49.9 34.4-65.4 59.4 48.9-69.2 47.7 35.9-59.8 61.0 52.0-69.3 56.8 43.3-69.4 64.7 55.7-72.8 69.4 55.7-80.3 56.8 47.2-65.9 54.6 40.0-68.5 35.9 27.0-45.8 52.1 38.0-65.9 55.7 44.6-66.2 60.7 47.6-72.5 63.9 55.4-71.6 54.8 43.8-65.3 53.8 46.1-61.3 69.6 55.6-80.6 53.2 43.8-62.4 52.7 39.1-65.9 68.2 57.8-77.1 Race White Black % 95% CI % 95% CI 64.4 62.1-66.6 37.7 32.8-42.9 57.8 49.3-65.9 56.9 22.4-85.8 71.8 62.5-79.5 56.6 7.5-95.4 57.0 49.3-64.4 10.0 2.5-32.5 67.3 56.5-76.5 27.2 6.4-67.1 64.1 51.5-74.9 33.4 17.9-53.6 57.2 43.6-69.9 62.5 36.6-82.8 73.7 63.0-82.2 85.4 39.4-98.1 70.0 58.7-79.3 28.2 14.3-48.2 58.4 48.5-67.6 31.8 12.9-59.5 58.4 50.1-66.3 44.0 28.1-61.2 72.8 64.0-80.1 33.1 20.8-48.4 68.0 59.0-75.9 46.2 30.0-63.3 46.8 36.8-57.0 23.0 13.0-37.4 59.9 50.1-68.9 39.3 22.9-58.5 72.0 64.2-78.7 38.4 25.0-53.8 61.6 54.2-68.5 32.5 21.4-46.0 63.5 54.7-71.5 39.4 20.9-61.5 62.5 52.7-71.3 54.3 33.3-73.8 18-44 % 95% CI Age 45-64 % 95% CI 65+ % 95% CI 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 33 HIV/AIDS Testing 34 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the virus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV is mainly transmitted through sexual contact and through intravenous drug use. People who become infected with the virus can be asymptomatic for long periods of time during which they can infect sexual and drug injection partners. Following infection with HIV, people develop AIDS, a disease that affects the immune system and leaves patients vulnerable to a wide variety of potentially fatal opportunistic infections. Testing for HIV infection is crucial to determine HIV status so that those infected can stop HIV transmission, begin treatment, and, in the case of pregnant women, reduce the risk of transmission to an unborn baby. Adults, Ages 18-64, Tested for HIV, Georgia 2003: 51.9% The prevalence of HIV testing is significantly more common among blacks than whites, among adults ages 25-34 than any other age group, and among people with no access to medical care. Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18-64, who have been tested for HIV by Sex, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 50.9 0 Male 52.9 Female Sex Percent of Adults, Age 18-64, who have been tested for HIV by Income, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 48.6 55.5 0 Less than$15,000 $15,000-$24,999 55.3 50.4 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 Income 55.0 $50,000-$74,999 50.8 $75,000 or more Percent of Adults, Age 18-64, who have been tested for HIV by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 44.4 0 White 65.6 56.7 Black Hispanic Race/Ethnicity 59.1 Other Percent of Adults, Age 18-64, who have been tested for HIV by Access to Medical Care, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 49.7 58.0 0 Yes No Access to Medical Care Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18-64, who have been tested for HIV by Age, Georgia 2003 100 80 60 40 20 47.8 0 18-24 72.2 25-34 55.7 35-44 Age 44.9 45-54 25.3 55-64 Percent of Adults, Age 18-64, who have been tested for HIV, by Sex, Race and Age, Georgia Health Districts, 2000-2003 HIV Test Total Sex Race Age Male Female White Black 18-44 45-64 65+ N % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI Georgia 16523 54.1 53.1-55.2 53.6 52.0-55.3 54.7 53.4-55.9 48.2 47.0-49.4 66.8 64.9-68.7 62.7 61.3-64.0 37.9 36.3-39.4 1-1 847 45.6 41.7-49.5 43.5 37.6-49.7 47.6 42.7-52.6 44.6 40.5-48.8 45.2 32.3-58.8 55.8 50.6-60.8 26.6 21.8-32.1 1-2 757 50.8 46.5-55.1 51.6 44.9-58.2 50.0 44.5-55.5 50.0 45.5-54.6 65.0 42.3-82.5 60.3 54.4-65.8 33.7 28.3-39.6 2-0 1011 48.4 44.1-52.7 46.8 39.7-54.0 50.0 45.2-54.9 47.3 42.9-51.7 51.2 33.7-68.3 57.5 52.0-62.8 32.5 25.3-40.6 3-1 819 55.8 51.7-59.8 57.5 51.3-63.6 54.1 48.8-59.3 51.3 46.4-56.2 77.4 69.1-84.1 63.8 58.7-68.6 38.9 32.4-45.9 3-2 805 59.7 55.3-64.0 61.7 54.4-68.5 57.8 52.4-63.0 48.6 42.6-54.7 72.4 65.7-78.3 66.0 60.4-71.1 45.6 38.5-52.9 3-3 735 64.8 60.0-69.3 60.7 52.6-68.2 68.6 63.5-73.3 57.0 48.5-65.1 72.3 66.4-77.5 72.0 66.0-77.2 46.7 38.9-54.6 3-4 803 52.0 47.9-56.0 51.5 45.4-57.6 52.4 47.1-57.7 47.1 42.3-51.9 68.0 58.2-76.4 60.0 54.8-64.9 34.5 28.5-41.1 3-5 808 63.0 58.8-67.0 64.0 57.1-70.4 62.0 56.9-66.9 55.8 49.5-61.9 70.3 64.2-75.6 69.7 64.4-74.5 46.7 40.3-53.3 4-0 795 48.7 44.5-52.8 48.3 41.6-55.1 49.0 44.0-53.9 44.5 40.0-49.1 61.5 51.9-70.3 58.0 52.5-63.4 31.9 26.6-37.7 5-1 1018 48.7 44.6-52.9 48.2 41.7-54.7 49.3 44.2-54.4 43.7 39.0-48.6 61.9 54.0-69.2 57.8 52.3-63.0 33.7 28.0-39.8 5-2 772 54.2 50.0-58.3 52.6 46.0-59.0 55.7 50.6-60.7 49.6 44.4-54.9 61.5 54.3-68.3 64.0 58.6-69.1 36.4 30.8-42.3 6-0 1086 55.5 51.8-59.1 55.0 49.2-60.7 56.0 51.4-60.5 49.0 44.2-53.7 64.6 58.4-70.3 65.3 60.8-69.6 37.7 32.1-43.6 7-0 840 58.0 53.8-62.1 56.4 49.5-63.0 59.6 54.8-64.3 53.2 47.4-58.9 63.4 57.0-69.4 67.4 61.8-72.5 40.3 34.5-46.4 8-1 706 56.9 52.5-61.3 56.3 49.3-63.0 57.6 52.1-62.9 50.4 45.1-55.8 72.4 64.2-79.2 64.1 58.5-69.5 42.0 35.6-48.6 8-2 1059 57.4 53.5-61.3 54.9 48.8-60.8 59.8 54.8-64.6 52.7 47.6-57.7 63.1 56.5-69.2 65.5 60.3-70.4 43.2 37.5-49.1 9-1 1623 60.6 57.7-63.3 58.3 53.8-62.6 62.8 59.3-66.2 56.0 52.5-59.4 71.6 66.0-76.5 69.5 66.0-72.8 40.7 36.3-45.3 9-2 1044 54.5 50.5-58.5 52.6 46.6-58.5 56.5 51.2-61.7 53.2 48.6-57.8 57.2 47.9-66.0 60.7 55.4-65.8 42.7 37.0-48.7 10-0 995 45.9 42.1-49.8 47.6 41.4-53.8 44.4 39.7-49.3 42.6 38.3-47.1 58.7 49.1-67.7 52.6 47.7-57.5 32.0 26.1-38.5 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 35 Health Insurance Access to preventative services and health care can prevent or improve the outcomes of many diseases. Insurance coverage is a strong determining factor in whether people will have access to services like screenings, treatment, and health recommendations. Access to quality health care can help eliminate disparities in disease and disease outcomes and can improve the quality and length of life for people living in Georgia. Access to health care can be limited both by lack of health insurance and by insufficient coverage. People who cannot afford to see a doctor or a health-care professional for either of these reasons are at risk for adverse health outcomes. Percent of Adults with No Health Insurance, Georgia 2003: 16.5% Healthy People 2010 Objective: 0% The prevalence of adults with no health insurance is significantly higher among blacks than whites and higher among adults 18-24 years of age as compared to adults age 25 years or more. Adults with household income less than $35,000 are less likely than those with higher income to have health insurance. Percent Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with No Health Insurance, by Sex, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 17.5 0 Male 15.6 Female Sex Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with No Health Insurance, by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 13.3 0 White 22.6 29.2 Black Hispanic Race/Ethnicity 17.3 Other Percent Percent 36 Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with No Health Insurance, by Age, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 31.8 19.7 16.3 16.4 10.7 2.8 0 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Age Percent of Adults, Age 18+, with No Health Insurance, by Income, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 28.8 0 Less than $15,000 30.9 $15,000$24,999 23.2 12.8 $25,000$34,999 $35,000$49,999 Income 6.2 $50,000$74,999 3.0 $75,000 or more Percent of Adults with No Health Insurance by Sex, Race and Age, Georgia Health Districts, 2000-2003 Not Insured Total Sex Race Age Male Female White Black 18-44 45-64 65+ N % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI Georgia 21304 15.3 14.6-16.0 16.3 15.2-17.6 14.2 13.5-15.1 11.8 11.1-12.5 21.2 19.6-22.9 19.8 18.7-20.9 12.7 11.7-13.7 2.7 2.0-3.6 1-1 1114 14.1 11.8-16.7 14.7 11.2-19.1 13.5 10.7-16.8 13.2 10.8-16.0 21.2 12.8-33.1 19.3 15.7-23.6 9.8 6.9-13.7 3.6 1.3-9.9 1-2 974 13.6 11.0-16.6 15.0 11.1-20.1 12.2 9.3-15.8 12.6 10.1-15.6 19.2 5.5-49.2 18.1 14.1-23.0 10.2 7.3-14.0 0.9 0.1-5.9 2-0 1391 14.8 12.3-17.8 16.1 12.0-21.3 13.6 10.8-17.0 14.6 11.9-17.9 16.5 8.0-31.0 20.4 16.3-25.3 11.5 8.2-16.0 2.0 0.7-5.9 3-1 998 11.0 8.6-14.1 11.6 7.8-16.8 10.5 7.7-14.3 8.0 5.6-11.5 18.3 12.1-26.7 13.4 9.9-17.9 9.8 6.3-14.8 3-2 978 16.2 13.4-19.5 15.8 11.4-21.5 16.6 13.2-20.5 6.2 4.0-9.5 26.4 21.0-32.6 19.7 15.6-24.5 12.4 8.6-17.4 4.9 1.6-14.4 3-3 880 15.5 12.3-19.2 15.8 10.9-22.4 15.1 11.5-19.5 12.1 7.9-18.1 17.8 13.3-23.3 18.6 14.2-24.0 13.1 8.7-19.2 0.7 0.1-4.6 3-4 972 13.1 10.6-16.1 13.9 10.1-18.7 12.3 9.2-16.4 11.0 8.4-14.3 18.1 11.2-27.8 16.4 12.8-20.7 8.8 5.6-13.4 4.3 1.3-13.1 3-5 989 16.2 13.3-19.6 18.9 14.0-25.1 13.7 10.7-17.5 8.2 5.2-12.6 21.5 16.9-26.9 20.2 16.0-25.2 11.4 7.6-16.8 1.8 0.4-7.2 4-0 1014 12.7 10.3-15.7 14.1 10.0-19.5 11.5 8.9-14.6 9.6 7.4-12.3 23.2 15.5-33.3 16.6 12.6-21.5 11.3 8.2-15.3 1.0 0.1-6.7 5-1 1407 16.4 14.0-19.1 16.5 12.7-21.2 16.3 13.5-19.5 15.0 12.3-18.1 19.2 14.4-25.2 19.2 15.5-23.6 19.5 15.3-24.5 2.3 1.0-5.3 5-2 1055 13.3 11.0-16.1 13.1 9.5-17.8 13.5 10.7-16.9 8.4 6.3-11.0 20.0 15.1-25.9 19.1 15.2-23.8 9.7 7.0-13.4 1.6 0.4-6.3 6-0 1416 17.0 14.7-19.7 17.6 13.8-22.1 16.6 13.7-19.9 13.6 11.0-16.8 22.1 17.6-27.4 21.3 17.7-25.5 16.7 12.8-21.4 1.8 0.8-3.8 7-0 1076 16.6 13.9-19.9 17.7 13.1-23.3 15.7 12.6-19.3 12.7 9.9-16.2 20.4 15.4-26.4 20.6 16.2-25.8 15.7 11.9-20.4 3.2 1.1-9.0 8-1 933 19.3 16.3-22.7 20.8 16.0-26.6 17.9 14.6-21.8 15.7 12.6-19.5 22.0 16.4-28.8 22.9 18.5-28.1 20.4 15.6-26.3 4.4 1.6-11.4 8-2 1416 18.6 16.0-21.6 18.0 13.9-23.0 19.1 15.9-22.9 17.1 13.9-21.0 20.8 16.4-26.1 24.9 20.6-29.9 16.0 12.6-20.2 4.1 1.9-8.5 9-1 2056 15.5 13.7-17.4 15.9 13.2-19.0 15.0 12.7-17.7 12.4 10.5-14.4 20.9 16.9-25.6 19.2 16.5-22.1 14.0 11.1-17.4 3.4 1.6-7.1 9-2 1376 20.5 17.8-23.5 22.3 18.2-27.1 18.7 15.6-22.4 18.1 15.3-21.2 27.2 20.3-35.5 26.2 22.1-30.9 19.6 15.5-24.4 2.3 0.9-5.6 10-0 1259 15.3 12.8-18.2 16.1 12.1-21.2 14.5 11.6-18.0 14.4 11.7-17.7 15.9 10.9-22.7 20.0 16.3-24.3 11.7 7.8-17.3 2.4 0.7-7.3 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 37 Disability 38 People living with disability may have difficulty performing functional activities or activities of daily living. Disability may require the use of special equipment like a cane, crutches, or a walker. Disabilities acquired early in life are referred to as developmental disabilities. As a potentially underserved group, people with disabilities may experience lack of access to health services and medical care and may be at increased risk for various conditions. Adults with disability, Georgia 2003: 19.9 % The prevalence of disability is significantly higher among females than males, in white than black, among older population (65+) than younger population (18-54 years). Disability is more common among adults with household income less than $25,000 than among those with higher income and among adults with no access to medical care than among adults with access to medical care. Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who have a disability, by Sex, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 18.1 0 Male 21.5 Female Sex Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who have a disability, by Income, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 39.6 0 Less than $15,000 24.6 $15,000$24,999 18.6 16.4 $25,000$34,999 $35,000$49,999 Income 14.2 $50,000$74,999 13.4 $75,000 or more Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who have a disability, by Race/Ethnicity, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 22.1 0 White 14.7 15.0 Black Hispanic Race/Ethnicity 22.0 Other Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who have a disability, by Access to Medical Care, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 17.9 25.9 0 Yes No Access to Medical Care Percent Percent of Adults, Age 18+, who have a disability, by Age, Georgia 2003 50 40 30 20 10 8.1 0 10.7 15.8 23.4 30.0 38.4 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Age Percent of Adults with a Disability by Sex, Race and Age, Georgia Health Districts, 2001 & 2003 Disabled Total Sex Race Age Male Female White Black 18-44 45-64 65+ N % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI Georgia 12043 17.7 16.9-18.6 16.0 14.7-17.4 19.3 18.3-20.4 19.3 18.3-20.4 14.4 12.9-16.0 10.5 9.5-11.5 23.8 22.2-25.4 33.3 30.8-36.0 1-1 588 19.0 15.8-22.7 17.6 12.8-23.7 20.3 16.4-24.9 19.2 15.7-23.2 15.6 7.4-30.2 11.5 8.1-16.1 26.3 20.1-33.6 31.4 22.1-42.5 1-2 513 19.4 15.9-23.5 17.2 12.3-23.6 21.5 16.9-27.0 19.4 15.7-23.7 34.6 11.0-69.3 8.8 5.6-13.4 29.1 22.4-36.9 45.0 33.6-57.0 2-0 955 18.9 16.1-22.1 17.3 13.2-22.3 20.5 16.9-24.6 18.6 15.6-21.9 32.4 15.5-55.6 10.8 7.9-14.7 25.3 19.7-31.8 32.3 24.9-40.6 3-1 505 14.9 11.8-18.6 15.5 10.8-21.9 14.3 10.6-18.9 17.3 13.5-22.0 6.1 2.5-14.2 9.3 6.0-14.1 20.1 14.2-27.5 34.8 22.8-49.1 3-2 492 12.4 9.6-15.8 10.8 7.1-16.1 13.9 10.2-18.6 11.2 7.8-15.7 12.8 8.6-18.7 9.0 6.0-13.3 14.3 9.4-21.2 28.6 18.2-41.8 3-3 466 14.5 10.9-19.0 11.7 6.8-19.5 17.0 12.4-22.9 18.7 12.6-26.9 11.4 7.0-18.0 9.5 5.6-15.5 25.7 17.8-35.6 21.2 11.3-36.0 3-4 541 14.7 11.7-18.4 13.1 8.9-18.8 16.4 12.5-21.3 16.5 12.8-21.1 9.6 5.0-17.9 9.7 6.4-14.3 20.6 14.8-28.0 29.2 18.2-43.3 3-5 472 11.6 8.9-15.1 10.6 6.8-16.3 12.5 9.0-17.1 13.8 9.7-19.4 9.1 5.8-14.1 7.7 4.8-12.1 19.0 13.3-26.3 17.5 8.9-31.4 4-0 521 18.5 15.0-22.7 15.8 10.6-22.9 21.1 16.7-26.3 18.6 14.5-23.6 19.1 12.1-28.8 15.3 10.5-21.7 17.0 12.0-23.6 34.0 24.2-45.4 5-1 883 20.9 17.6-24.6 21.1 16.0-27.3 20.7 16.9-25.0 21.7 17.8-26.3 18.8 12.9-26.5 12.7 8.8-17.9 25.0 19.3-31.8 39.4 30.9-48.7 5-2 529 20.4 16.9-24.4 21.5 16.0-28.4 19.4 15.4-24.2 23.2 18.6-28.5 15.6 10.5-22.6 11.4 7.8-16.5 30.5 23.5-38.6 31.3 22.5-41.7 6-0 885 19.1 16.1-22.5 15.5 11.1-21.2 22.4 18.6-26.7 19.3 15.7-23.6 19.4 14.0-26.1 10.1 6.9-14.4 26.6 21.1-33.0 39.8 30.2-50.3 7-0 593 18.4 15.0-22.5 20.6 14.8-28.0 16.5 13.0-20.7 18.6 14.1-24.1 15.5 10.7-21.9 11.8 7.8-17.6 26.6 20.3-34.0 26.8 17.7-38.4 8-1 477 19.5 15.9-23.7 14.4 9.6-21.0 24.3 19.5-30.0 22.4 17.7-27.9 14.8 9.6-22.1 11.8 7.8-17.3 27.0 20.1-35.3 34.1 24.2-45.7 8-2 889 18.9 15.9-22.2 16.9 12.7-22.2 20.6 16.7-25.2 18.4 14.7-22.9 17.8 13.3-23.5 8.6 6.0-12.2 25.7 20.2-32.2 40.4 31.2-50.4 9-1 1063 17.0 14.6-19.6 13.0 9.9-16.9 20.6 17.3-24.5 16.7 13.8-20.0 21.4 16.2-27.7 10.4 7.9-13.5 25.0 20.0-30.8 28.1 21.0-36.4 9-2 883 23.6 20.2-27.3 23.7 18.5-29.8 23.5 19.5-28.1 24.6 20.7-28.9 17.3 11.2-25.8 13.1 9.4-17.9 34.8 28.5-41.7 40.4 31.4-50.0 10-0 788 19.1 15.7-23.0 16.9 12.0-23.3 21.0 16.8-26.1 20.5 16.5-25.1 10.6 6.1-18.0 12.8 8.7-18.3 24.3 18.3-31.4 36.9 27.3-47.6 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 39 Healthy People 2010 Table 40 Year 2010 Health Objectives for the Nation: Summary of BRFSS Data, Georgia, 2001-2003 Healthy People 2010, 1 Leading Health Indicators 2 Georgia Georgia 2001 2002 Georgia 2003 Year 2010 Target Regular Moderate Physical Activity, 5 or more 40% days/week for 30 or more minutes or vigorous physical activity 20 minutes or more per day, 3 or more days per week (Objective # 22.2) Ages > 18 years Obese, BMI >30 (Objective # 19.2) Ages > 20 years 23% 24% Cigarette Smoking (Objective # 27.1a) Ages > 18 years 24% 23% Binge Drinking, During Past Month (Objective # 12% 13% 26.11c) Ages > 18 years Influenza Immunization, Within Past Year (Objective # 14.29a) Ages > 65 years Pneumococcal Immunization, Ever Had (Objective # 14.29b) Ages > 65 years Health Insurance (Objective # 1.1) Ages > 18 years 62% 59% 58% 57% 86% 84% Specific Source of Ongoing Primary Care (Objective #1.4c) Ages > 18 years 77% 77% 42% > 30% 26% < 15% 23% < 12% 13% < 6% 67% > 90% 61% >90% 84% = 100% 77% >96% Healthy People 2010, Other Objectives Georgia Georgia 2001 2002 Georgia 2003 Year 2010 Target Limitation in Activities Due to Arthritis (Objective #2.2) Adults with Chronic Joint Symptoms, Ages >18 Pap Smear, Ever Had (Objective #3.11a) Women, Ages >18 54% 41% < 30% 94% 96% 97% > 97% Pap Smear, Within Past Three Years (Objective 88% 87% 88% > 90% #3.11b) Women, Ages >18 Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) Within Past Two 32% 30% > 50% Years (Objective #3.12a) Ages >50 1 Healthy People 2010 is designed to achieve two overreaching goals: 1. Increase quality and years of healthy life, 2.Eliminate health disparities. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Healthy People 2010. 2nd edition, Washington DC:U.S. Government Printing Office, November 2000. 2 The Leading Health Indicators reflect the major public health concerns in the United States and were chosen based on their ability to motivate action, the availability of data to measure their progress, and their relevance as broad public health issues. In some cases, BRFSS definitions of objectives differ slightly from those in Healthy People 2010. See Healthy People 2010 for the exact definition of the objective. Data were not collected in that year. Met Year 2010 target. Sigmoidoscopy, Ever Had (Objective #3.12b) Ages >50 Mammogram, Within Past Two Years (Objective #3.13) Women, Ages >40 Diabetes, Diagnosed (Objective #5.3) Ages >18 Cholesterol Screening, Within Past Five Years (Objective #12.15) Ages >18 No Leisure Time Physical Activity (Objective # 22.1) Ages >18 49% 79% 76% 7% 7% 75% 27% 26% 76% 8% 75% 25% > 50% > 70% < 2.5% > 80% < 20% Regular, Vigorous Physical Activity, 3 or more 23% 25% > 30% Days/Week for 20 or more Minutes (Objective #22.3) Ages >18 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 41 Data Tables 42 Total Sex Male Female Race/Ethnicity White Black Hispanic Other Age 18-24 (18-34 Diabetes) 25-34 35-44 (40-44 Mammography) 45-54 55-64 65+ Income Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000 or more Access to Medical Care Yes No Obese N % 95 % CI 7302 25.2 23.8-26.6 2723 24.3 22.2-26.6 4579 26.0 24.4-27.7 5079 22.4 20.8-24.0 1718 32.4 29.4-35.5 145 15.6 10.1-23.2 294 24.3 17.9-32.0 564 14.0 10.2-18.9 1194 26.4 23.1-29.9 1414 26.9 24.0-30.1 1536 29.9 26.9-33.0 1187 30.3 27.0-33.9 1366 21.4 18.6-24.4 959 36.5 31.1-42.3 1281 29.7 26.4-33.3 953 26.0 22.5-29.9 1086 24.7 21.4-28.3 1022 26.2 22.7-29.9 1140 18.2 15.5-21.2 5557 23.7 22.1-25.3 1729 30.0 27.2-33.1 High Blood Pressure N % 95 % CI 7636 28.0 26.6-29.4 Diabetes N % 95 % CI 7636 7.8 7.0-8.6 2752 27.6 25.5-29.9 2757 7.7 6.6-9.1 4884 28.3 26.7-30.0 4879 7.8 6.9-8.9 5286 1816 149 311 27.4 31.3 15.7 22.0 25.8-29.0 28.4-34.4 10.0-23.7 16.4-29.0 5288 7.1 1815 9.5 149 3.9 311 8.6 6.3-8.1 8.0-11.2 1.9-7.8 4.6-15.5 581 7.5 5.0-10.9 1234 12.4 9.9-15.6 1472 18.2 15.7-21.1 1616 34.5 31.5-37.7 1237 47.6 43.9-51.3 1431 60.7 57.3-64.1 1818 1.5 0.8-2.8 1472 4.8 3.5-6.5 1616 9.4 7.7-11.4 1236 15.8 13.4-18.7 1429 18.7 16.0-21.6 997 1318 978 1118 1063 1188 42.8 31.4 27.3 26.6 23.3 20.7 37.4-48.3 28.0-34.9 23.8-31.1 23.3-30.1 20.2-26.7 17.9-23.8 993 1318 979 1120 1063 1189 14.7 8.9 8.2 6.6 5.9 4.7 11.8-18.3 7.2-11.0 6.3-10.5 4.8-8.9 4.3-7.9 3.3-6.6 5829 28.2 26.7-29.8 5830 8.2 7.3-9.2 1788 27.4 24.6-30.4 1787 6.6 5.3-8.3 Asthma N % 95 % CI 7610 7.0 6.2-8.0 2742 5.1 3.8-6.9 4868 8.9 7.8-10.0 5268 6.5 1811 7.9 149 8.9 310 7.7 5.7-7.4 5.9-10.6 4.4-17.3 3.8-14.9 580 9.1 1230 8.0 1464 5.7 1617 5.8 1228 7.8 1425 6.5 5.6-14.5 6.0-10.7 4.5-7.3 4.6-7.3 6.1-10.0 5.1-8.4 994 1307 978 1114 1060 1189 10.9 7.2 7.7 7.2 5.8 3.9 8.2-14.2 5.5-9.4 5.3-11.0 5.4-9.7 4.2-8.1 2.7-5.6 5810 6.0 5.2-6.9 1779 10.2 7.8-13.2 Arthritis N % 95 % CI 7568 26.7 25.4-28.1 Cigarette Smoking N % 95 % CI 7630 22.8 21.4-24.2 2734 23.2 21-3-26.0 2751 25.8 23.6-28.2 4834 30.1 28.4-31.8 4879 19.9 18.4-21.5 5253 29.8 28.1-31.4 1790 21.8 19.3-24.4 147 18.3 12.1-26.7 305 20.3 14.9-27.0 5284 23.6 22.0-25.2 1811 20.0 17.2-23.1 151 18.4 12.3-26.7 311 28.6 22.4-35.7 577 5.5 3.5-8.4 1235 10.0 7.7-12.9 1454 17.7 15.3-20.4 1597 35.2 32.1-38.4 1228 45.4 41.7-49.1 1415 59.9 56.4-63.3 582 25.2 20.3-30.8 1237 23.4 20.2-26.8 1468 26.8 23.9-29.8 1616 28.3 25.4-31.3 1237 18.9 16.3-21.8 1427 9.5 7.7-11.6 988 40.7 35.5-46.1 1308 30.2 27.1-33.6 970 26.5 23.0-30.3 1108 24.1 21.1-27.3 1056 20.5 17.7-23.7 1178 21.2 18.4-24.3 997 29.1 24.7-34.0 1317 31.5 28.0-35.3 979 28.6 24.5-33.0 1117 22.0 18.8-25.5 1062 19.0 16.0-22.3 1188 14.4 12.1-17-1 5772 27.1 25.7-28.7 5823 18.7 17.3-20.1 1776 25.2 22.5-28.0 1787 35.2 31.9-38.7 Data Tables Total Sex Male Female Race/Ethnicity White Black Hispanic Other Age 18-24 (18-34 Diabetes) 25-34 35-44 (40-44 Mammography) 45-54 55-64 65+ Income Less than $15,000 $15,000-$24,999 $25,000-$34,999 $35,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000 or more Access to Medical Care Yes No Physical Activity N % 95 % CI 7643 24.5 23.2-25.9 2759 22.1 20.0-24.4 4884 26.9 25.3-28.6 5290 23.2 21.6-24.8 1818 27.6 24.8-30.6 151 33.1 23.7-44.0 311 19.8 14.8-26.0 582 15.0 10.9-20.3 1238 21.4 18.3-24.9 1471 21.5 18.9-24.4 1618 26.6 23.8-29.6 1237 31.4 28.1-34.8 1431 35.0 31.8-38.3 999 42.8 37.1-48.6 1317 34.4 30.9-38.1 982 25.8 22.1-29.8 1120 23.1 20.0-26.5 1063 15.2 12.6-18.2 1188 12.9 10.6-15.7 5832 22.8 21.3-24.3 1790 29.5 26.6-32.5 Fruits & Vegetables N % 95 % CI 7651 23.0 21.6-24.5 2761 20.1 17.8-22.5 4890 25.8 24.1-27.5 5296 23.4 21.8-25.2 1819 20.5 17.7-23.5 151 21.9 13.6-33.4 311 31.8 24.8-39.8 582 25.2 19.8-31.5 1238 19.9 17.0-23.0 1472 21.5 18.8-24.5 1620 23.5 20.7-26.6 1240 25.4 22.3-28.8 1433 23.9 20.9-27.1 999 17.8 12.9-24.0 1319 20.0 17.0-23.3 982 20.9 17.3-25.0 1120 22.8 19.9-26.1 1064 26.1 22.6-29.8 1189 25.8 22.6-29.4 5839 23.7 22.1-25.3 1791 21.0 18.1-24.3 Binge Drinking Mammography N % 95 % CI N % 95 % CI 7554 13.0 11.9-14.3 3172 76.3 74.2-78.3 2706 20.7 18.6-23.0 4848 5.9 5.0-6.8 3172 76.3 74.2-78.3 5244 14.5 13.1-16.1 2302 76.3 73.8-78.5 1784 9.8 7.8-12.2 700 77.0 72.3-81.1 147 14.4 8.1-24.3 39 81.6 58.6-93.3 306 12.1 7.8-18.3 104 71.3 58.3-81.6 575 21.3 16.9-26.5 1218 19.2 16.2-22.6 1451 14.7 12.4-17.4 474 63.0 57.0-68.6 1601 11.1 9.1-13.5 1013 78.4 74.9-81.5 1223 5.5 4.0-7.6 738 82.3 78.4-85.6 1423 2.0 1.2-3.4 947 79.2 75.5-82.5 983 9.4 6.3-13.7 549 1296 14.0 11.4-17.0 569 972 14.5 11.0-18.9 361 1112 14.2 11.5-17.5 405 1056 14.7 11.7-18.2 373 1178 14.0 11.5-16.9 424 68.3 62.6-73.4 69.3 63.7-74.4 75.4 68.9-80.9 84.0 78.7-88.2 83.4 77.5-88.1 78.0 72.3-82.8 5777 11.7 10.5-13.0 2501 79.6 77.3-81.7 1757 17.2 14.5-20.3 666 64.0 58.9-68.9 Pap Test Cholesterol Screening N % 95 % CI N % 95 % CI 3102 89.6 88.1-91.0 7349 75.2 73.6-76.7 3102 89.6 2665 72.5 88.1-91.0 4684 77.7 69.9-74.9 76.0-79.4 2097 88.6 817 93.1 55 90.4 118 81.4 86.7-90.2 5094 77.2 90.4-95.1 1739 72.1 78.1-96.1 147 63.0 68.6-89.8 301 73.4 75.5-78.9 68.6-75.3 51.1-73.5 65.8-79.8 315 87.0 681 93.6 717 93.4 643 92.0 351 87.3 393 70.9 81.3-91.2 537 46.2 90.8-95.6 1176 61.7 90.9-95.2 1434 76.4 89.2-94.1 1575 84.2 81.4-91.5 1207 92.2 64.6-76.5 1360 92.9 40.2-52.4 57.8-65.5 73.3-79.2 81.7-86.4 90.0-93.8 90.7-94.6 404 80.7 536 89.4 405 91.1 455 92.0 456 94.7 489 94.6 75.2-85.2 936 67.0 85.8-92.2 1264 65.8 87.2-94.0 951 69.8 88.4-94.6 1087 74.8 91.1-96.9 1048 80.8 91.2-96.7 1161 85.1 60.7-72.8 61.8-69.6 64.9-74.4 70.9-78.3 77.3-84.0 82.1-87.7 2317 91.3 782 85.5 89.7-92.7 5631 80.7 82.1-88.4 1699 58.3 79.0-82.2 54.7-61.8 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 43 Data Tables 44 Flu shot N % 95 % CI Total 1432 67.0 63.6-70.2 Sex Male 447 70.6 64.6-75.9 Female 985 64.6 60.5-68.5 Race/Ethnicity White 772 68.8 65.1-72.4 Black 130 58.9 50.1-67.2 Hispanic Other Age 18-24 (18-34 Diabetes) 25-34 35-44 (40-44 Mammography) 45-54 55-64 65+ 1432 67.0 63.6-70.2 Income Less than $15,000 197 63.0 55.5-69.8 $15,000-$24,999 196 63.5 55.5-70.8 $25,000-$34,999 139 70.6 61.6-78.1 $35,000-$49,999 127 72.5 62.1-81.0 $50,000-$74,999 96 69.2 54.5-80.8 $75,000 or more 65 63.2 47.4-76.6 Access to Medical Care Yes 1304 68.4 64.9-71.7 No 126 52.9 41.4-64.1 Pneumonia Immunization N % 95 % CI 1401 60.5 57.0-63.9 435 60.8 54.6-66.7 966 60.3 56.1-64.4 1110 65.6 61.7-69.3 216 42.7 34.2-51.6 1401 60.5 57.0-63.9 320 60.8 53.2-67.8 288 57.7 49.7-65.4 193 61.8 52.5-70.3 124 62.0 50.7-72.1 95 64.2 49.8-76.4 65 50.6 36.3-64.7 1277 61.8 58.1-65.4 122 48.5 37.1-60.0 HIV/AIDS Testing N % 95 % CI 5816 51.9 50.0-53.7 2154 50.9 47.9-53.8 3662 52.9 50.7-55.1 3916 44.4 42.3-46.6 1502 65.6 62.0-69.1 121 56.7 44.3-68.4 247 59.1 50.5-67.2 556 47.8 41.7-53.9 1197 72.2 68.5-75.5 1389 55.7 52.2-59.2 1531 44.9 41.5-48.3 1143 25.3 22.1-28.8 632 48.6 41.4-56.0 967 55.5 51.1-59.8 735 55.3 49.9-60.7 937 50.4 46.2-54.7 919 55.0 50.7-59.2 1062 50.8 46.9-54.8 4238 49.7 47.5-51.8 1565 58.0 54.3-61.6 Health Insurance N % 95 % CI 7630 16.5 15.3-17.9 2749 17.5 15.4-19.8 4881 15.6 14.1-17.2 5286 1815 150 308 13.3 22.6 29.2 17.3 12.1-14.7 19.5-26.0 19.5-41.3 12.2-24.0 578 1237 1471 1616 1236 1431 31.8 19.7 16.3 16.4 10.7 2.8 26.1-38.0 16.8-23.0 14.0-18.8 14.2-19.0 8.7-13.1 1.9-4.3 993 28.8 24.4-33.7 1318 30.9 27.2-34.8 982 23.2 18.82-28.2 1120 12.8 10.2-15.9 1064 6.2 4.5-8.6 1189 3.0 2.0-4.7 Disability N % 95 % CI 7553 19.9 18.7-21.1 2723 18.1 16.3-20.0 4830 21.5 20.1-23.0 5239 22.1 1791 14.7 144 15.0 307 22.0 20.6-23.6 12.8-16.8 8.9-24.0 16.3-29.0 572 8.1 1230 10.7 1452 15.8 1596 23.4 1226 30.0 1415 38.4 5.9-11.1 8.5-13.4 13.5-18.5 20.9-26.1 26.8-33.4 35.1-41.9 986 39.6 1302 24.6 968 18.6 1110 16.4 1056 14.2 1179 13.4 34.4-45.0 21.7-27.6 15.5-22.1 13.8-19.3 11.8-17.0 11.1-16.0 5765 17.9 16.7-19.2 1769 25.9 23.2-28.8 Methods Georgia has been conducting the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) in cooperation with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) since 1984. In 2003, approximately 637 Georgia residents age 18 and older were interviewed each month by telephone about health conditions, behaviors, and the use of preventive services. The total sample size was 7,651. The average monthly cooperation rate for 2003 was 73%. The 2003 BRFSS used a Disproportionate Stratified Sample (DSS) design. Telephone numbers were classified into two strata based on the presumed density of residential telephone numbers. Telephone numbers in the high-density strata were sampled at a higher rate than numbers in the low-density strata. The sample was further stratified to yield approximately equal numbers of respondents in each of the then 19 Health Districts in Georgia. In January 2005, two Health Districts merged, making a current total of 18 Health Districts (see page 1). The 2003 BRFSS questionnaire covered a range of topics, on health behaviors and conditions. This report contains selected risk factors including obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes, asthma, arthritis, cigarette smoking, leisure time physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, binge drinking, mammography, Pap test, cholesterol screening, flu shot, pneumonia immunization, HIV/AIDS testing, health insurance and disability. Participation in the survey was random, anonymous, and confidential. Respondents were randomly selected from among the adult members of the non-institutional households in Georgia. Trained interviewers administered the questionnaire, and data were entered during the interview via computer using CATI (Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing) software. Households without telephones (approximately 8% of households in Georgia) and households that use cellular telephones only are not represented in the sampling frame. At the end of the year, data from the monthly surveys were compiled and weighted to represent the age-, race-, and sex-distribution of the adult population in Georgia and to compensate for an individual's probability of selection. Weighting also adjusts for non-response to the extent that non-responders are similar to responders. Estimates for the Health Districts were weighted to the age-, race-, and sex-specific population of the District. Analysis for this report was performed using statistical software that accounts for the complex survey sample design, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for all estimates. Significant differences among demographic groups were identified by comparing confidence interval overlap. In addition to the 2003 estimates for Georgia and the Health Districts, this report also contains district estimates by selected demographic characteristics (age, race and sex). BRFSS data from 2000 to 2003 were aggregated in order to increase the sample size and reduce the statistical variability of demographic estimates. The sample size in 2000 was 4,114, in 2001 was 4,532, and in 2002 was 5,065. 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 45 46 Sample & Population Demographic Distribution Table Tota l Sex Male Female Ra ce /Ethnicity W hite Black Hispanic Other Age 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Sample P opula tion N N W eiWghetiegdht%ed % N N % % 7651 6,390,022 2761 4890 48.6 51.4 3,112,546 3,277,476 48.7 51.3 5296 1819 151 311 63.7 28.4 2.7 5.2 4,112,666 1,694,872 365,003 217,481 64.4 26.5 5.7 3.4 582 1238 1472 1620 1240 1433 13.9 20.1 21.9 18.2 12.4 13.5 891,228 1,349,465 1,385,568 1,167,332 769,923 826,506 13.9 21.1 21.7 18.3 12.0 12.9 Definitions Risk Factor Definitions Obesity: Adults with a body mass index (BMI) equal to or greater than 30.0. BMI is measured as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. High Blood Pressure: Adults who have ever been told by a doctor, nurse, or other health professional that they have high blood pressure. Diabetes: Adults who have ever been told by a doctor that they have diabetes. Asthma: Adults who have ever been told by a doctor, nurse, or other health professional that they have asthma and still have asthma. Arthritis: Adults who have been told by a doctor or other health professional that they have some form of arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, lupus, or fibromyalgia. Cigarette Smoking: Adults who have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime and who are current smokers. No Leisure Time Physical Activity: Adults who did not participate in any physical activities or exercise during the past 30 days. Fruits and Vegetables: Adults who consume five or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day. Binge Drinking: Adults who had 5 or more drinks on an occasion during the past 30 days. Mammography: Adult women, age 40 and older, who had a mammogram within the past two years. 2003GEORGIA BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM REPORT 47 48 Pap Test: Adult women, who have not had a hysterectomy, who had a Pap smear within the past three years. Cholesterol Test: Adults who have ever had blood cholesterol checked within the past five years. Flu Shot: Adults, age 65 and older, who have had a flu shot within the past 12 months. Pneumonia Immunization: Adults, age 65 and older, who have ever had a pneumonia vaccination. HIV/AIDS Testing: Adults, age 18-64, who have ever been tested for HIV. Health Insurance: Adults who have no health care plan. Disability: Adults who have activity limitation because of physical, mental, or emotional problems or who require the use of special equipment, such as a cane, wheelchair, special bed, or special telephone. Demographic Definitions Race/Ethnicity: Race/ethnicity is based on responses to questions about race and Hispanic origin. Hispanics may be of any race; white, black and other exclude persons who reported they were Hispanic. Other includes multiracial and all race categories other than black or white. Income: Self-reported annual household income from all sources. Access to Medical Care: Adults with no access to medical care were not able to see a doctor because of cost within the last year or have no health insurance.