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1'1 33 
 
BULLETIN 
Of The 
STATE DEPARTMENT 
Of 
EDUCATION 
Of the State of Georgia 
 
CERTIFICATION 
 
M. D. COLLINS State Superintendent of Schools 
; ':" . 
 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS 
SYSTEM OF CERTIFICATION 
 
TYPES OF CERTIFICATES 
 
Page 
 
Co II ege Ce rtif icates ____ _______ -- ------------------------------------------------------------ ----- ------- 3-4 Nor ma I Cer ti fi ca t e s -------- --- --- -------------- -------------------------------------------------------- 5 
Junior C~11ege Certificates--------------------------------~----------------------------------- 5 
G enera l El em en tary Certificates ____---------------------------------- 6-7 Special S ubj ec t Ce rt if icate s....-------------------------------------------- ----- 7 V oca t io na! Ce rti f icates  ..:..___________;___:.:__________.:_;______________ __ __ ____ _____________ 7 
 
PROFESS IO NAL REQUIREMENTS ------------------- ------------------- 8-9 
 
ACADE MIC RE QUIREM ENTS AND RECOMMENDATIO NS- 10 
 
REGULATI ONS GOVERNING EXAMINATIONS------------- .11-12-13 
 
HOW TO APPLY FOR A CERTIFICATK------- -- ------------------- 14 
 
HOW TO RAIS E CERTIFICATES---------------- --------------- 14 
 
HOW TO EXT END CERTIFICATES---------------------------- 15 
 
DEFINITIO NS, EX PLANATIONS AND 
 
ADD ITIO NAL REGULATIONS ....:.---- - - -------------- 15-16 
 
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I 
 
 TYPES OF CERTIFICATES 
 
Permits to teach are of two kinds: 
 
I. Licenses 
All licenses are issued by County Superintendents on the basis of examinations. (See "Regulations-County Licenses," page 12.) 
 
II. Certificates 
All certificates are issued by the State Board of Education. 
 
The following outline gives the types of certificates issued at present by the State Board of Education. The requirements, terms, and extent (valid through what grades) of each are indicated. 
Professional credit for all certificates must be earned in accordance with the plan adopted by the State Board of Education. It is important that "Professional Requirements," page 8, be carefully studied by all prospective applicants. 
 
Teachers' Certificates may be secured in two ways: I. On the basis of examination (See 'Regulations Governing Examinations," 11.) 
 
page 
 
II. On the basis of credits from standard institutions as follows: 
 
1. COLLEGE CERTIFICATES: Authorize holders to teach m elementary and high schools of the State of Georgia. 
 
A. NoN-PROFESSIONAL CoLLEGE CERTIFICATE: 
 
This form of certificate is issued to applicants who ho!d a Bachelor's degree from a standard four-year college and who have less than three college hours' (six semester hours') credit in professional subjects. The applicant must have included in his training twelve semester hours in the subject to be taught, in addition to two high school units in the same or a related field. Six semester hours (three college hours) in the subject to be taught, above the two high school units in the same or related field, may be accepted where a record of B is made. 
This certificate is valid for one year. It may be renewed for one year in case cif emergency when approved by the Ce"rtificatiori Committee. 
 
B. PRov:siONAL CoLLEGE CERTIFICATE: 
 
The Provis:onal College Certificate 1s based upon a Bach- 
 
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 elor's degree from a standard four-year college if credits cover three or more college hours (six semester hours) in professional subjects. The courses in which these credits are earned must be selected from the required and elective professional courses, as specified. (See Professional Requirements, page 8.) The credits presented must also include six college hours (twelve semester hours) in the subject to be taught, in addition to two high school units in the same or a related field. Six semester hours in the subject to be taught, in addition to the two high school units in the same or a related field, may be accepted where a record of B 1s made. 
The certificate is good for three years, and may be renewed by submitting three coJlege hours' credit for work done subsequent to the issuance of the certificate. 
C. PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATE: 
Certificates of this grade are granted to those who have twenty-one months' teaching experience, and hold a Bachelor's degree from a standard four-year college. Under this requirement the applicant must show nine college hours (eighteen semester hours) in professional subjects, as specified (See "Professional Requirements," page 8) , and twelve semester hours in the subject to be taught in addition to two high school units in this subject or a related field. Six semester hours in subject to be taught, in addition to the two h igh school units in the same or a related field, may be accepted where a record of B is made. 
The certificate is valid for seven years. Renewal may be had upon six semester hours' credit earned subsequent to the issuance of the certificate. 
D. LIFE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE CERTIFICATE: 
The requirements for this certificate are the same as for the Professional College Certificate except that the applicant sha11 have a minimum of seventy months' teaching experience. 
The certificate is val id for life, except that it shall auto matically lapse if the holder fails to teach for a period of seven years. A Life Certificate may be reinstated upon the satisfactory completion of six semester hours of professional training. 
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 2. NO RMA L CERTIFICAT ES: Authorize holders to t each in elementary a nd high schools of the State of Georgia. 
A. PROVISIO NA L NORMAL CERTIFICATE: 
This cer tificate is issued to graduates of standard two-year normal sc hools where th is training includes nine college hours (eighteen semester hours) in profess ~o nal subjects, as specified. (S ee "Profess ion al Requirements," page 8. ) Amendm ent effective September 1, 1934: 
''The P rovisional Normal Certificate shall be issued to graduates of standard two-year normal schools whose curri cula, including six college hour s (twelve semester h ours) in E ducation, are approved in content and organization by the State Department of Education.'' 
The change involves a reduction in the courses in Education from eightee n to t we lve semester hours, but no reduction in the total amourit of work required. It s object is to encourage a broader general education and some experimentation in th e prepar a tion of t eac h ers o n th is level. 
The certificate is va lid f or thr ee ye ar s. It may be r enewed upon .six semester hours' credit earned after its issuan ce, or co nv er t ed into a P r ofessional No r ma l Cer t ificate upo n evidenc e of having taug ht t we nty-o ne month s du rin g the life of th e cert if icate. 
B. PROFESSIONAL NORMAL CERTIFICATE: 
The requirements for this certificate are th e same as for the Provisional No rmal Certificate except that the applicant shall have a minimum of t wenty-o11e mon ths' t eac h ing experience. 
The Certificate is valid for seven years. It may be renewed upon six semester hours' credit earned after its Issuance. 
C. LI FE PROFESSIONA L NO HMAL CEHTI F I CATE: 
T he requirements for this certificate are the same as for the Provisional Normal Certificate except that the applicant shall have a m inimum of seve nty months' t eaching experience. 
T he certif ica t e is va lid for life, except that it shall a utomatically lapse if the h older fail s t o t each for a period of seven years. A Life Certificate may be reinstated upon the satisfactory completion of six semester hours of professional training in a standard college. 
 
 3. JUNIOR COLLEGE CERTIFICATES: Authorize hold ers to 
teach in elem en tary and hi g h schools of th e St ate of Georgia. A. NoNPROFESSIONAL J uN IOR CoLLEGE CERTIFICATE: 
This cer tifica t e is issued upon the basis of g radu ation from a four-year accredited hi g h school and either g raduat ion from a standard jun io r college or completion of two full years of college wo rk (s ixty semester hour s) , w h ere th e applican t 's credits include less than six semester hours credit in professional subjects. 
The certificate is valid for one year and may be r en ewed for one year in case of emergen cy, when approved by the Certification Committee. 
B. PROVISIONAL J uN IOR CoLLEGE CERTIFICATE: 
The requirements for this certificate are the same as for the Non -Profess ional Junior Colleg e Certifi cate except th at th e a pplica nt shall have thre e or more college h ours' wo rk in profess ional su bj ec ts, as specified. (See "Professional R equirements," page 8.) Th e certificate is va lid for three yea rs. It may be rene wed upon six semester h ours earn ed afte r its iss uance. 
C. PROFESSlO NAL ] UNI OH COLLEGE CERTIFICATE: 
Th e requirem ents for this certificate are the same as for the Non-Professional Junior College Certifica te except tha t the applica nt's credits shall include nine college hours in profe ssional subjec t s as specifi ed, (see " Profess io na l Requir ements," page 8), and that he shall have had twenty-one months' teaching exp erience. 
The certificat e is valid for seven years. It may be ren ewed up o n six semester h ours ea rned after its iss uance. 
D. LIFE PRO FESS:ON AL J uN IOR CoLLEGE CERTIFICATE: 
The requirements for this are the same as for the Profe ssional Ju nior College Certifica t e except that the applicant sha ll have had a m inimum of seventy month s' t eaching exper'ence, and excep t that the certificate shall automati ca lly la pse if the h older fails to teach for a period of seven years. A Iife ce rtificate may be reinstated upon the satisfactory completion of six semester hours of professional training in a standard college. 
4. GENERAL ELEMENTA RY CE RTIFICATES : Authorize 
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 holders to teach m the elementary schools of the State of Georgia. 
This is the lowest grade certificate issued by the State Board of Education. It is based upon one year of .college or normal school work; that is, a minimum of f ifteen college hours' (thirty semester hours') credit of which three college hours (six semester hour's) . must be ip Education. These requirements are in addition to graduation from a four-year accredited high school. No credit will be allowed for teachertraining work done in high school. 
The certificate is valid for three years. It may be renewed as outlined on page 15. 
 5. SPECIAL SUBJECT CERTIFICATES: Certificates of th is type are issued to appl:cants who are 
graduates of standard junior colleges or normal schools, or who have completed two full years of college work. The applicant must have included in the above requirement credit for nine to twelve college hours (eighteen to twenty-four semester hours) in the Special Subject. Nate: The term and conditions for renewal of special subject cer 
tificates will be determined by the regulations governing aca demie: certificates upon which they are based. 
6. VOCATIONAL CERTIFICATES: Vocational certificates may be pbtained from the Division 
of Certification. Applicants for these certificates must have their applications recommended by their vocational supervisor, and o.fficiat transcripts of college credits sent in to this Department. These certificates are issued only to graduates of standard normal schools and colleges. 
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 PROFESSIONAL REQUIREMENTS 
The professional, or Education, credit required {or Lhe provisional and professional certificates of college, normal, or' junior CDllege g.rade must be earned in .subjects listed below, and in accordance with the following scheme: 
 
1. FOR HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS. 
(l) Required Co urses-From nine to tw.elve .semesler .hours must be taken from the following four coJJJses. Tw.& .semester hours' credit is the minimum requirement for any .coiLTse, and, except for "High School T eaching and Ma114g.ement," three semester hours' credit is the maximum allowed for .one .co.urs e. 
a. Hi st ory of Education: . Two <Or thre e semester hours. 
 
b. Educational Psychology or Principles of Education, i ~cluding the Psychological : 
 
Two or three semester hours. 
 
c. The Age of Adolescence and its Problems: 
 
Two <IT three semester hours. 
 
d. High School Teaching and Management: 
 
Three or four semester hours. 
 
(2) Elective Courses-At least six semester hours must be taken from the following list of elective courses, two semester hours being the minimum for any course. 
 
a . D irect ed Observation and Teaching 111 the School. 
b. Methods of Teaching the Major Subjects. c. High School Organization and Administration. d. Educational Sociology. e. Educational H;ygiene. f Mora} Education. g. Philosophy of Education. h. Educational Tests and Measurements. 
i- The Junior High School. 
j. Principles of Secondary Education. 
 
High 
 
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 k. General School Administration and Supervision. I. Introduction to Education. 
m. Supervision of Primary, Elementary or Rural Schools. 
 
2. FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS: 
(l) Required Courses - From nine to twelve semester hours must be taken from the following four courses. Two semester hours' credit is the minimum requirement /or any course, and, except /or Techniqu e of T eaching and Management, three semester hours' credit is the maximum allowed for one course. 
 
a. History of Education: 
 
Two or three semester hours. 
 
b. Educational Psychology 
 
or Principles of Ele- . 
 
mentary Education, in- 
 
cluding the Psychologi- 
 
cal: 
 
Two or three semester 
 
hours. 
 
c. Child Study, Pre-School and Pre-adol escent: 
 
Two or three semester hours. 
 
d. Technique of Teaching and Management: 
 
Three or four semester hours. 
 
(2) Elective Courses- At least six semester hours must be taken from the following list of elective courses, two semester hours being the minimum for any course. 
 
a. D irected Observat ion and Teach in g in Elementary Schools. 
 
b. Methods in E lemen tary School S ubj ec ts. 
 
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c. Educational H yg iene. d. Educational Sociology. 
 
e. Educational Tests a nd Measur ements. 
 
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f. Moral E ducation. 
 
g . Education 111 Health and Recreat io n. 
 
h. Principles of E lementary Education. 
 
I. Introdu cti on to Education. 
 
j . Supervision of Primary, Elementary or Rural Schools, 
 
 ACADEMIC REQUIREMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 
 
1. COLLEGE CERTIFICAT ES: 
 
( 1) College certificates requ ire a bachelor's degree from a standard college requiring at least one hundred twenty semester hours of college courses. 
 
(2) It is recommended that not more than thirty per cent of the one hundred twenty semester hours be professional courses. 
 
(3) The following are recommended to be included in courses other than the professional, the hours assigned to each being a minimum of semester hours: 
 
General Psychology.. 
 
.........Three semester hours 
 
General Sociology.. ................ .............Three semester hours 
 
E ng lish................ 
 
............Twelve semester hours 
 
History and Civics .. 
 
............Twelve semester hours 
 
Natural Science.... ................... .....Twelve semester hours 
 
A preferred teaching major subje-ct should be sp ecified and from eighteen to twenty-four semester hours taken in this major. A second preferred subject, minor, should be speci fied and  from twelve to twenty-four semester hours taken in this minor. 
 
2. NfJRMAL AND JUNIOR COLLEGE CERTIFICATES: 
 
(1) Normal certificates require a two-year diploma from a standard normal school, or normal college requiring for said diploma at least sixty semester hours of college courses with the prerequisite of fifteen standard high school entrance units. (Professional requirement specified el sewhere) 
 
(2) J un'or college certificates require graduation from a standard junior college, or completion of two full years of standard college work in addition to graduation from a four year accredited high school. The junior college diploma, or the college work must represent a minimum of sixty semester hours' credit in college courses. 
 
(3) It is recommended that of the sixty semester hour s (for the normal or junior college certificate) at le.ast forty should be in academic courses other than professional ones. As a prerequisite to most of the professional courses, three semester hours in General Psychology and three semester hours of General Sociology are recommended. 
 
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 REGULATIONS GOVERNING EXAMI NATIONS FOR STATE CERTIFICATES 
Examinations for state certifi cates will be given in the office of the State School Superintendent in August and ] anuary at a time designated by him. Examinations will be based on one, two, and four years of college work. The basal examinations will be general in their character, including question s in English, H is tory, Mathematics, Science, Languages (Latin or French), Education and Methods. No texts are specified except in the case of Education and Method s. The questions on th ese subjects will be based on the Reading Course which is given below: 
READING COURSE FOR 1934-35 
The Reading Cour se examination on Augu st '3, 1935, w :Jl be based on the following books: 
Finney and Zeleny: AN INTRODUCTION TO EDUCATIONAL SOCIOLOGY-D. C. H ea th and Company, Atlanta, G~- Price, $2.40. 
Kilpatrick: EDUCATION FOR A CHANGING CIVILIZATION -The Macmillan Company, Atlanta, Ga.-Price, $1 00. 
Robert Hill Lane : A TEACHER'S GUIDE BOOK TO THE ACTIVITY PROGRAM-The Macmillan Compan y, Atlanta, Ga.-Pri ce, $2.00. 
Attention is called to the fact that the se three books are a ll related to curriculum problems and that a member of the curriculum study group in the State who has read thes e books will be especially well prepared to take the examination. 
"The Reading Course is rega rded as an emer gency provision to enable teachers who cannot do further work to renew elementary certificates. Attendance upon summer school or correspondence and ext ension wo.rk are the preferred procedures for renewing certificates since they serve to raise the grade of the certificates. 
Those who pass th e exa min at ion on one year of college wo rk must present additional credit for six semester hours in E ducation earned at a standard institution in order to be issu ed general elementary certificates. 
Non-professional junior college certificates will be issued to those who, by examination, can show that they have the equival en t of a junior college education. Those who have additional credit for six semester hours in Education earned at a standard institution wi ll be eligible for provisional junior college certificates. 
 
 Regulation Four of the State Board of Education, which became effective September 1, 1932, is as follows: "All college certificates shall be based upon a bachelor's degree from a standard four-year college.'' For this reason, only those who hold degrees from standard four-year colleges may be admitted to the examination on four years of college work for non -professional college certificates. Such an examination should be taken only by an applicant holding a degree from a standard four-year college and who has been out of the teaching profession for more than three years and is attempting to meet the requirements of Regulation Fifteen, which are as follows : "All applicants for certificates must s.how teaching experience, attendance upon summer school, or other evidence of professional growth within a period of three years preceding date of application." 
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 REGULATIONS GOVERNING EXAMINATIONS FOR COUNTY LICENSES AND RENEWAL OF FIRST GRADE COUNTY LICENSES AND ELEMENTARY STATE CERTIFICATES 
The examination of teachers for county licenses or for the renewal of first grade county licenses and elementary state certificates wili be held annually in the summer, under the supervision of the County Superintendents of Schools and County Boards of Education. Questions will be sent to each County Superintendent a few days before the examination. 
1. COUNTY LICENSES: 
NOTE :- Licenses are issued by the County Boards of Education and authorize holders to teach only in unaccredited elementary schools. 
(1) A county license of the first, second or third grade, limited to the county where issued, may be granted, as usual, by the County Board of Education to applicants who take the examination on the following subjects: Reading and Literature, Writing, Spelling, Arithmetic, English Composition, Grammar and Literature, United States History, Civics, Geography, Elementary Science (including Physiology, Health and Agriculture), Methods and Education. 
(2) The papers of applicants for the General Elementary license will be examined by the County Superintendent or some one designated by the County Board of Education and a county license issued on grades as follows: 
85 % to 100% , first grade general elementary county license, good for three years. 70% to 85%, second grade general elementary county license, good for two years. 60% to 70% , third grade general elementary county license, good for one year. 
2. TO RENEW COUNTY LICENSES: 
(1) If a teacher has a first grade county license which he desires to renew, he should present evidence to the County Superintendent of having attended at least one approved summer school of at least five weeks during the life of the license. In lieu of attendance upon summer school, he may take that part of the state elementary examination on Education and Methods, and a renewal may be granted by the County. Superintendent upon grades from 85% to 100%. 
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 (2) If a teacher has a first grade, county high school license (old form) wh ic h he desires t o renew, he should present evidence to the County Superintendent of having attended at least one approved summer school of at least five weeks during the life of the license. 
(3) I n lieu of attendance upon summer school, he may take that part of the state high school examination on Education and Methods, and a renewal may be granted by the County Superintendent upon grades from 85 % to 100% . The questions on Education and Methods will be based upon the Reading Co ur se. (See page 11 of th is bulletin.) 
HOW TO APPLY FOR A CERTIFICATE 
1. Those persons desiring to apply for a state ce rtifi cate should write to the Director of Certification, State Department of Education, Atlanta, Georgia, for the necessary blanks. All applications must be made out in ink on the regular form. 
2. The application blanks should be filled out by the applicant, givi ng a ll the information requested on it. This blank .should be witnessed by a notary and recommended by a school official. The app licant should then forward it to the Director of Certification. 
3. Transcripts should be sen t by the regi str ars d irectly to the State Department of Education. An application is not complete until official transcripts of all necessary records have been filed. 
4. Applicants are requested not to send in rep orts that have been sent them from the schools attended. Records upon which certificates are issued become th e property of the S tat e, and must be kept in the files of the department. 
5. If the applicant holds a certificate fr om another State, it will be necessary for h'm to follow the above directions when applying for a Georgia certificate. 
6. Applications for the extension or conversion of ce rtifi cates issued since 1924 sho uld be made on the regular application blank. 
HOW TO RAISE CERTIFICATES 
NOTE:-Certificates may be converted into higher ones in accordance with the regulations in force at the time of issuance of the origin al certificate. 
Certificates may be raised when the holder fulfills the require ments for a certificate of higher grad.e. A general elementary certificate may be converted into a normal or junior college certificate; or, a provisional junior college or normal certificate may be professio nalized or converted into a life jun ior college or life normal cer- 
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 tificate; or, a junior college certificate or normal certificate may be converted into a college certificate. 
In order to profess:onaliz e a provisional junior college, provi~ ional norm al or provisional college ce rtificate, th e holder must complete the required professional work, and must present evidence of having taught succes sfully for three y ears or twenty"on e month s. 
\Vh en a certificate of one grade is converted into a certificate of higher grade (as an elementary into a normal, or a normal into a college ) the r equirements for the hi g h er certif icate must be met. This in volves, principally, completion of additional academic work. 
 
HOW TO EXTEND CERTIFICATES 
 
The regular appli cation blank should be filled out by the applicant, 
 
r ecommended by the proper authority, and forwarded to the Division of 
 
Certification, accompanied by the old certificate, and the additional 
 
credit. 
 
 
 
The Genera l Elemen tary Cer ti ficate, and all provisional certificates may be extended w henever the applicant can show credit for at least six semester hours' additional work applicable to the certificate held. Thi s cr ed it must be earned during th e life of, or aft er the iss uan ce of t he certificate. 
The general elementary certificate may also be extended upon a satisfactory examination on the State's prescribed Reading Course. (See page 11. ) The examinatio n of an appl 'cant sho uld be graded by the County School Superintendent and forwarded by him to the State Department of Educat:on, acc ompani ed by an app li cation properly filled ou t by the applicant, and the old certificate. 
In se lecting subj ects for study for the extension of a certificate, the hold er of the cert ificate should work eith er toward profess ionalizing the provisional certificate, or toward raising the certificate to the next higher g rade. U ntil 'one has earned credit for the required nine college hour s (e igh te en semester hours) in professio nal subjects, it is advisable to select for study, subjects in Education. After the professional requirement is met, study should be continued, but academic subjects of normal school or college grade should be pursued, in order to raise th e type of certificate held. 
 
DEFINITIONS, EXPLANATIONS AND ADDITIONAL REGULATIONS 
1. A college hour represents the .work done during one recitation a week for thirty-six weeks. 
2. A semester h our repre se nts the work done during one recitation a week for eighteen weeks. 
3. A term, or quarter ho ur , repr esents the work done during one recitation a week for twelve weeks. 
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3 2108 05732 8695 
 
4. A course represents the work done during five hours per week or one quarter or twelve weeks; a half-course represents the work done during five hours every two weeks for one quarter or twelve weeks. Courses and half-courses correspond to majors and minors. A course is the equivalent of one and two-thirds college hours, or three and onethird semester hours, or five term or quarter hours. A half-course is the equivalent of .83 co1lege hours, or one and two-thirds semester hours, or twu and one-half term or quarter hours. 
5. Thirty semester hours, or fifteen college hours, represent the minimum college year's work: 
6. An accredited high scho~l is one that has been approved by the Accrediting Commission of this State. 
7. A standard junior college may be defined as a junior college requiring for admission graduation from an accredited high school, and requiring for graduation approximately sixty semester hours. 
8. A standard n~rmal school may be defined as a normal school requiring for admission graduation from an accredited high school, and requiring for , graduation an approved two-year course. 
9. A standard college may be defined as an institution requiring for admission graduation from an accredited high school, and requiring for graduation approximately one hundred twenty semester hours. 
10. In regard to the ratings of out-of-state institutions , as these affect certification, this Department will be guided by the rating that the Department of Education of the state in which the institution is located places upon that institution, or by the rating of other standard accrediting agencies, such as the Southern Association, etc. 
11. Academic requirements include such subjects as do not relate directly to teaching.' 
12. Professional requirements include such subjects as have a .direct relation to teaching. They include information with reference to the Science and Art of Teaching, and Educational Psychology. 
13. Professional credit, to be applied on a college certificate, should be earned at a standard college; professional credit, to be applied on a normal or junior college certificate, should be earned at a standard college, normal school, or junior college. 
14. All applications for certificates must be based on credentials from standard educational institutions (except where application is based on examination.) 
15. All applicants for certificates must show teaching experience, attendance upon summer school, or other evidence of professional growth within a period of three years preceding date of application. 
16. No certificate will be issued to any applicant who is under eighteen years old. 
 
GENER AL LIBRARY 
 
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EP 14 1946 
 
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