-, 
 
REPORT 
 
OF 'fnE 
 
GENERAL l 
UNIVERSITY RARY 
MOORE F'UR"O GEORGIA 
"HA E, 1936 
 
ADJUTANT AND INSPECTORr<GENERAL 
 
OF 'fHF. 
 
STATE OF GEORGIA 
NOVEMBER 1ST, 1888. 
----- 
 
Vol. J. CAMMPLBAEL>LT, A,'fGAATE PRJ 'fER. 
 
II 
 
1~=19.==== 
 
 REPORT 
OF THE 
ADJUTANT AND INSPEGTORrGENERAL 
OF'rHE 
STATE OF GEORGIA 
NOVEMBER 1ST, 1888. 
ATLAN'rA GA.: 
W. J. CAMPBELL, 'rATE PRINTEB. 1889. 
 
  REPORT 
 
ADJ TA~T A.D I~ PECTOR GE~ERAL' OFFI F., 
 
l'ATE OF GE hGIA 
ATLAXTA, ovember 1 t, 1 
 
J 
 
'10 Elis Excellency, John B. Gordon, GovernO?' and ommander-in- Ohief: 
 
IR :-1 haye tbe honor to 'ubmit the follmYing report of thi D partment for the pat two year, up to November 1. t, 1888. During that interval of time the following companies and battalion' have been organized, viz: The" Atlanta Artillery,"" Atlanta Rifles," "Green Rifle ," " ylvania Rifle ," "Piedmont Rifle ," " Iadi. on Home Guarcls," "Atlanta Zouave. ," "Warren Rifle. ," "PetTy Rifl~ ," "EI- 
t 
bert Light Infa try," and "Oglethorpe Infantry." The e command constitute orne of the fine t organization of the 
tate, with but one exception, the" ylvania Rifle:," which company, I learn, ha not yet been uniformed in accordance with the I' quirement" of the law. The inth Georgia Battalion ha been organized, composed of the following co101 ani., viz: The "Elbert Light Infantr')'," "Piedmont Rifle ," "Green Rifle' and ""'alton Guard ." The companie now in pI' C of organization con ist of "Conyer "\ olunteers,' of Rockdale county j the "Valdo ta Vidette ," of Lowndp county; the" Hart's Riflemen," of Hart county; the "Bartow Volunteer. ," of JefJel' on county; the "Irish 
olunteer " of Richmond county; the "Bmn wick Light Hor'e Guard:::," of Glynn county; the infantr'Y company at Thoma ville, in Thomas county, compo. ed of Cba. P. Hansell, H. E. Crittenllon, et al., aid company not yet named, and the infantry company in Rabun county, of B. Sam, et al., aid company not yet named. 
The attached. tatement A how the 1'0 tel' of the Georgia Volunteer, and B of the Georgia Volunteers, colored. 
 
 4 
By an aet of Congre" amending section 1661, Revi ed Statute', making an annual appropriatiun to pl'Ovide arms and equipment. for the militia, Georgia ",Uti entitled to $11,U51::1.91 for the year commenciug the 1tit of July, 1887. Tbi. increased appropriation was apportionecl among tbe everal tate and Tel'l'itorie , under tbe directiun of tbe Secretary 01 "Tar, aecording to the number of Senators and Repr sentative ,to which each tate, l'e,pectively, iti entitled iu the Congres' of tbe nited tate:::, witb this pl'Ovi 0 : I( that no State shall be elltitled to tb bl'nets of the appropriation apportioned to it, unless the number of the regularly enli ted, ol'ganized and uniformed, active militia shall be at least one hundred men for each enator and Representative, to which such State is eutitled in tbe Con2:re. s of tbe United tates." 
From the above section, it \rill be seen tbat the increase apportionecl to Georgia i due to the military pirit that pervade every sectiou of the tate, It is this spirit in our yonng men that alone keep up tbe military organization of the State, and I, with pride, call your attention to the fact, that in all of the military conte ts held in our lurounding ister tates, th Geol'gia eompallies invariably reiul'u home bringing prize., a\\'ardl'c! fOl' their supeljol' drill and soldierly accompli 'hment', I deem there could be no more convenient season than the pre. ent, to urge UPOI) the Legi lativc body about to convene, the wi. dom and economy, a" well as t,hc justice, to our citizen soldiery in making a liberal appropriation in behalf of this :trong arm of the Staie. The great increase, hnwn by litati, tics for the pa t nine month., in mining, mdling, quarrying, foundries, factories, and all tbe different appliances for developing ancl utilizing tbe re ources of thi grand commonwealth, must bring to the mind of the rational thinker, the necessity of a State Guard 01' volunteer organizatioll, for the protection of commerce and the security of investment, 
I have the honol' to snbmit herewith the proceedings of 
 
 5 
the" Military Acl\oisol'Y Board,' held at the Capitol, on July 25th, 1887, as follow. : 
REPORT A. 
~IIN TES OF THE ADVI ORY BOARD. 
ATLA~TA, GA., July 25th, 1 7. In accordance with the or leI' of the Governor, the Iilital'y AdYisory Board met at the office of the Adjutant and InspectorGeneral to-day. Present, Cols. J:obn Keely, C. M. ''Vile~r, Peter 
Reilly, Jobn C. Printup, and Captain John 'V. lark, J. C. im- 
mon' and George . Napier. Tbe Board wa organiz d by Adjutant-General Kell taking the 
chair, and Capt. Napier acting as ecretal'y. On Illotion, Col. Peter Reilly and Capt. John W. Clark, were 
appointed a committee to notify the Governor that the Board was organized and would be plea ed to bave him meet with it. The committee retired al)d in a few minutes returned accompanied by the Governor. 
01. J. n. Harrell, of the Governor' taff, \Va inyited to Illeet 
with the Board. 01. Reilly moved that a committee of three be appointcd to 
draft a suitable mcmorial and bill to be presented to the Boar i for its approvaL Cunied. 
ommittee appointed, Col. C. M. Wiley, Col. John C. Printup and 'apt. John W. Clark. 
The Board adjourned to meet at 3 p. m. 
3 O'CLOCK, P. ~r. 
The ommittee l' ported at 3 p. m., anu the following- memorial wa' approved, and, on motion, signed by aU th member of the Board: 
A memorandum was furnished to Col. Reilly regarding a bill to lie introduced. 
It wa moved, by Col. Reilly, that no more companie be oro-anized unless the Advisory Board meet and consider the application. Carried. 
It \\'a ugge ted, and proved to be the sen ti men t of the Board, that the number of men appearing at the next annual in 'pection, be reported strictly. 
Moved that the crevell rroop be admitted a soon a. the bill contemplated pa 'es the Legi lature. 'arded. 
AI 0, moved and carried, that the application of two infantry 
 
 6 
cOlllpanie , from Hou ton county, be the fir't to be considered by the BOlJrd ju I, after the pas age of the contemplated bill. 
A motion wa made that the dispo ition of the old guns hould be considered in the bill to be introduced. Carried. 
Upon motion, the Advi ory Board adjourned, sine die. 
ATLA 'TA, GA., July 25th, 18 7. To Ris Excellency, John B. Gm'don, Governor of Georgia: 
YOUR EXCELLENCY: 'rhe Military Advi. ory Board met in Atlanta to-day, in accordance with your orders, and beg leave to submit for your consideration the following report: 
'rhe Board is not prepared to recommend any radical or weeping change in existing laws upon the ubject, as the pre 'ent acl as now existiug, ha , in great IlleaSUre, already wrought the changes that were consillered mo~t desirable by the military men of the Stale. 
In ourjudgment, however, thE" Board con. ider legi 'lation important-nay, more e sential to the well-being of tbe volunteer forces. It believes that provision should be made for the establishment of regular encampments, a may be elected by tbe variou command ,and at which all the troo) s in the, 'tate should be summoned, uy order of the Governor, for at lea t one week' service in each year, for the purpose of being thoroughly instructed in those duties of the soldier which CR:l only be leal'lled in that way. 
If it he granted that a volulltccr force i' d sirable at all in the tate, it follows without argument that SUCh:1 force hou:d be brought to the highest po sible state of etficicm'y, Should the Executive ever ha,ye occasion to lean upon them for the pre ervation of order and the defence of the body politi, it honld be a stout, serviceable tafl beneath him, not a broken reed. Paragraph], sec. 1, art. ]0, of the Constitution, recognizes and authorizes lhe Legislature to provide, by law, bow the military hall be tmine i a well a' organized, armed and equipped, \Vith a view, therefor, to carrying out the ideH' that have b en expre' ed, the Advi ory Board would respectfully ask that your Excellency urgently recommend to the LegislatUl'e that an act shall be pH 'ed appropriating the sum of twelve thousand dollars for an annual encampment, and the um of twelve thousand dollars for the maintenance and upport of the military organization of the State. A' to the effect that the pa sage of 'uch an act would have upon the lloldieryof Georgia, there call be but one'opinion,  uch a recognition by the tat government would timulat and (n- 
 
 7 
courage them to the highe t degree. Z~al would be quickened, tate pride would pring into fre her life. Each individual 01- 
dier would double his efficiency a a public en'ant. The ranks would be filled with rowd of g nerou. youth who now tand aloof from military affair, and the militia of <eorgia would become what it hould be, the pride and glory of the tate. 
The increased appropl'iation of the general government to the militia of the tate, has enabl~d Georgia to procure two bundred tents, that the voluuteel' organization might avail them elves of that .chonl of in truction so important in disciplining the soldier, the tlutie of camp li~, and while in camp to perfect them elves iu rifle practice, that advanced tep in the oldie)" life, as future war will demonstrate in awarding the vi tory to the mal'l~small and not to the ma e. In like manner is the marksman superior in the quelling of riot, when the ring-leader can be elected and taken off, in tead of the acrifice of the en ele. mob by volleys of mu ketl'y. It i here that the Legic:lative body can do much in aiding to e tabli~h an annual encampment of the military force of the tate. 
I would re pectfully call your attention to the fact that there are in this building two or three hundred gun, 'ome pi tol, word. and accoutl'emellt out of date and of no u e to the military of thr  tate. I have had enquirie from dealer in the e good " as to whether the State bad any uch for ale. By an act of the L gi lature they might be dispo ed of, and the money dccruing from the "ale, pIa ed in the military fund, From year to year they become Ie s valuable, and it would be economy to di pose of them at au early date, In accordance with an act of the Legislature, approveJ October 13th, L 85, directing the Adjutant-Gener:.l, "to make a complete 1'0 tel' of alllJer on who ent red the e)'vice of the Confederate tate in the late war from thi tate, giving name, rank, lettel' of company, number of regiment, and such other information a he may think would be of intere t to tbe people," I have to report that I secured the ervioe' of 1:1', . C. Munroe, of thi tr'lte, 
 
 at one hundl'ed dollal', a month, I to pay hi tl'aveling expen, e to Wa hington City and I'eturn, and re el'ving the right of I'e 'cinding the contract at any time. On the 20th of May, 1 7, I appoint d 'lr, fumoe to proceed to Wa hington in the performance of that duty, anu on 
larch ;th, 1  the appropriation being exhausted, the wOl'k cea ed. I would hel'e call YOUl' attention to the letter addressed to you by Genel'al Marcus J. Wri~ht, in charge of the Confederate Archive, immediately after the al'l'ival of It-. 1unroe in "a hington City, in which he tate' that it would take at lea t twenty-five hundl'ed dollal' more to complete the wOl'k, Mr. ~lnnl'oe rep0l't to me that much of the record ha to be studied with magnifying O'la e, 0 indi tinct i the writing upon the indifferent papel' of that period. I beg mo t eame tly to present the importance of PI'O 'eclltin~ thi patriotic work, a a imple duty the tate owes to her heroic ons, in having theil' names recol'ded among her Archive'. 
ppendix A will show the work that ha been clone with the one thou and dollal' ap} ropriated, and Appendix B a memol'andum of the fOl'ce ent fl'om Georgia. 
On Au~u t 21st, of this year, the "Military Advi, or)' BoaI'd" wa called togethet' and met in the Senate Chambel', the following member pre ent: Col. C. H. Olm tead, Lt. Col. Wm. Ganal'd, Lt. 01. Wm. F. Jones, apt. ,John 
Milledge, Capt, A., C, need and Capt. . P. Gilbert. 
o!. J no. IcInto h Kell, chail'man, called th Board to ol'del' ; Lt. Col. W 01. GenaI'd, wa elected eCl'etary. 
REPORT B. 
A'rLANTA, GA., ugu t:..1 t, 1 Board met in enate Cbamber, Col. Jno. Mcrnto b Kell, presiding. 01. C. H. Olm tead, Lt. 01. Wm. Garrard, Lt. Col. W. F. Jone, apt. Jno. lilledge, apt. A. C. need and Capt. '. P. Gilbert-a quorum bein pre ent. Proce ding of la t Board meetinO' read. 
apt. l\1illedg moved tllat an Executive ommittee be appoint- 
 
 9 
 
ed from the Adyisory Board, to whom may b refen d ueh matter a may be delegat d to th m by the Board. arried, and chairman appointed Lt. 01. {arrard, Lt. Col. Jone, apt. )Iilledge and Capt. n ed, a uch committee. 
After a general di cus ion by the Board, on tbe report to be made, and on tbe general want and onditi n of tbe military force of the tate, and after examination of application', and of report of Inspector of file, the Board took a I' c . until 22nd 
'* in t., at p. m., 0 a to give tbe committee full time to r port. 
 
At,* p. JlI. Board re umed it labors. 
 
'* ArGl:'T 22XD, P. ~r. 
 
BY HI'. OL. \\')I. GARRARD. 
Re.olved, That ill futur when command are orO'anized a part of tbe volunteer force of this tate, the Adjutant and Inspector-Geneml will- 
Fir. t. 'au e an lection to be held for commi ioned officers under tbe law. 
condo 'pOIl receipt of the return of aid el ction, be will can e tbe co=issioned offic rs ele t, to prepare them elves for examination in pton' Tactic, in school of the oldieI' and company and to proceed at on'e to uniform said command, which must be done within sixty days, and to drill the men in the chool of the soldier, without arm " in luding til "setting up" ex rci e", "GptOD' Tactic, and- 
Third. \Vhen the command shall have been nniformed and hall be fairly well drilled in "'chool of tbe 'oldier," witllout arms, to LJe judged of by an ill.'pecting officer, d tailed for that purpo e, wllo shall al 0 examine the comilli ioned offi er aforeaid, in tactic, in hools of oldieI' and company, and said inspecting officer shall have reported favorably on aid points, co'mmission shall be i ued to . id om er el ct, and said command shall bt> armed and equipped by tbe t.'l.te. 
 
BY CAP'I'. XEED. 
Resolved, ThaI the number of infantry companie of the Georgia 'olunteel sllall be incrt>a e<t ten, 0 that the eorgia Yolunteer hall con'i t of. not exc eding sixty companies of infantry, and that the numb I' of c.avalr,)' companie of said Yoluuteers shall be in rea ed three, '0 tbat the Cfeorgia Volunteer shall con 'ist of not ex eeding ten companie of cavalry; said increa of the number of infantry and cavalry ompanie of the Georgia Voluntee beinO' d emed by the Ad"i ory Board practicabl and desirable. 
 
 
 
 10 
B\~ CAl T. GTf..,BER'r. 
Resolved, That the Adjutaut and In pector-General i' in tructed not to issue any arms or equipnlent' to the Central City Light Infantry, - - , of lacon, 'eorgia, and to cite the commanding officer of said company to appear at next meeting of this Board, to how cause why aid company should not be disbanded. 
BY CAPT. 1l1II,LEDGE. 
Resolved, That in future no command can be organized except at a meeting of thi Board, duly convened. 
BY L'l'. COL. JONE, . 
Resolved, That application being before the Board for .organization of folloWing companie : 
One from DeKalb county. One from Raleigh, [eriwetber county. "Gordon Cadets," (colored) from Macon. Glynn Guard, ( olored) from Glynn county. One from Liberty county, (Johnston's Station.) 
tlanta Light Infantry, (colored.) Andrew Hill' company, Atlanta, 'a., (colored.) It is the en 'e of thi Board that aid apI Iications cannot be entertained, at this time, and the Adjutant and Inspector-General will so inform tbe applicallts. 
BY f.'l'. cor. WM. GARRARD. Re olved, 'rhat the "Conyer', Volunteer'," of Rockdale county, the "Valdosta Videttes," of Lowndes county, the "Hart's Riflemen," of Hart county, the "Bartow Volunteers,' of Jeflerson county, the "Oglethorpe Infantry," of Hichmond county, the "Irish Volunteers," of Richmonci county, the Brunswick "Light Hor' Guard ," of Glynn county, the Infantry Company at Thomasville, in 'l'IJonJa ' county, con i ting of Charles P. Hansell, H. E. Crittenden, et a1.; 'aiel compan;)" not yet named; the Infantry Company of Rabun county, consi tin 0' of A. B. Sams ct aI., aid company not yet named; the company organizing in Emar lIel county, B. F. Coleman et al., company not yet named; tbe 'creven Troop, creven county, are hereby recognized and received a command of the Georgia "Volunteers, atld the Adjutant and Inspector-General will take all proper teps nnder the law and the I' quirements of this Board to complete the organization and equipment of each and all of said command a oon a may be pmcticable. 
BY APT. STEED. 
Resolved, That the Adjutant and Inspector-General be, and he is hereby instructed, to communicate at once with the follOWing 
 
 
 11 
conlmand , who e military condition is ucb that they are liable to be eli banded according to the I' port of file, namely: Hancock Van Guard, Baldwin Blue, City Light Guard, paldiuO' Grey, Tatnall Guard, \ iley Guard, on titutional Guard, ra\l'ford Guards, Fort Gaine Guard', Griffin Light Guard, ~Iilledgeville Light Infantry, Quitman uard, Rome Li ht Guard, Eureka Cavalry, J acJu.on Ligh t Artillery, Atlan ta Zouave , ..\J.bany Guard . 
And he will inform said commands that if they de ire to retain their place among the Volunteer force of Georgia, they will so inform him at once, and in uch event he will grant them until December 1 t] ,to put them 'elve' in proper condition, when they will b in pected and proper a tion will be taken on the coming in of said report. If they do 110t desire to retain their pla<:e , tep will be taken under the law to di band them. 
Augusta Cadet, eorgia Yolunt el', color d. Georgia Artillery, Georgia Volunteers, colored. Augusta LIght Infantry, (leorgia Volunteers, colored. Columbu Volunteers, Georgia Volunteer', colored. , ayanuah Light Infantry. Georgia Volunt er , color d. Lincoln Guard, Macon, Georgia Volunteer, colored. 
BY (,Al>'r. MILLEDGE. 
Resolved, That Lt. Col. \VIU. armrd i requeHted to draw up the report of tbi' Board UpOIl all matt l' which have beeu di cu ed by the Board, relating to the ondition of the force, the legi lation nece sary and all other gerlllain ubj <:t to be submitted to thi Board in epteUlber on the day on which a rece i taken. 
BY LT. OL. ,JONEl'. 
Re.olved, That a book be gotten by the Adjutant and In 'pe torGeneral, in which hall b recorded the minute and proceediugs of Advisory Board of 1 i, and all ubsequent proceeclings of the Board. 
Resolved, That the 'ylvania Rift ,not being a command under the law of tbe tate, not being uniformed and haviug given no bon I for guns, the Adjutant ancl Inspector-General i directed to order the rifle' which were shipp d to said body, hipped to him at t1anta at oncp, an] to take all t<,p nece sary to carry out this dir ction. If said body desires to become a command uuder the laws and the requirem nts of thL Board, it IUU t apply to thi Board hereafter. 
It was moy d and cal'1'ied that th ' committee take a rec . uutil a later day, not mentioned. 
 
 12 
Before closing thi report, it becomes my duty to call youl' attention to the difficulty attending the a . embling of the" 'filitary Advisory Board," which difficulty can oul.r be attri buted to the waut of meaus. They are called upon not only to leave theil' avocations without compen ation for los of time, but they are compelled to pay their own tl'aveJing expenses and hotel fare, This i;,; the .third time 
that the Board has bee~l called togethcr, paying their 
own expen;,;e., and the :,:mall attendance at the last meeting (two member leaving the nl';'t day after an 'wering to their names, thu placing the Board without a quorum,) is an evidence that they .. houJd be pIal' cl noder the obligation of officials who are paid fOl' their services. True, the Legislatllre creating this Board passed an act that their traveling expenses and hotel fare 'hould be paid out of the military lund, but the same LegiJaturc failed to make an appl'Opriation for the military fund, and hence there ha been DO means of paying thc Board. I would rcspectfull.\' ..tate that the work devolving upon aid Board should 0 'cup)' them from t\V() to three days, when they meet but once a year, and that they should be rntitled to the pel' diem and mileage which is recl:'ived by members of the General Assembly. Their labol'. look to ever)' sl'ction of the State, for the building up and pel'feeting that strong arm of the tate GoYernroeut, "Her Milital'y Organization," fOl' the pm'pose of aiding and .ustainiug the civil anthOl'ities, 
Respectfully your., JNO. Mel TO H KELL, 
Adj utant and I uspector- General. 
 
 13 
 
Commander-in-Chief and taft. 
 
GO\'. JOHN B. ORDON, COr.DIANDER-IN- HIEF. 
 
GOVERXOR'. '1'A1'1o. 
AD.IlTANT-GEl'I"ERA Ranl,Colonel-JOHK~rcIXTO HKELL unny i Ie ; date of comllli sion, January 1 t, 1 7. 
QUARTERMASTER-GENERAL-Rank olonel- HA . H. OL fTEAD, ayannah; date of comrni iou, January 1 th, 1 7. 
.I DOE ADVO 'ATE GENERAL-Rank Colonel-JOH:r . A DLER, Decatur; date ofcomrni ion, January I tb, 1 7. 
 
AIDE DE-CAMP. 
 
DATE OF CO:UMI rON. 
 
Lt-Colonel " i1berforce Daniel. ugu ta . 
 
 Jan. 
 
Lt-Colonel W. H. Ro '. .. . Macou .. 
 
 Jan. 
 
Lt- olonel \Y. H. bepherd 
 
olurnbu . 
 
 Jan. 
 
Lt-Colonel Richard Hobb. . Albany... 
 
 Jan. 
 
Lt-Colonel J. H. E till. .. . avannah. 
 
 Jan. 
 
Lt- olonel R. A. ndeJ. on . 
 
tlanta. . 
 
 Jan. 
 
Lt-Colonel J. D. Harrcll . . Bainbridge.  Jan. 
 
Lt-Co10nel E. J. furpl1y. 
 
. Barne ville..  Jan. 
 
Lt- ' lonel E. E. Young. . . Columbu ..  Jan. 
 
Lt-Colonel E. Lochrune. . . Atlanta .  Jan. 
 
Lt-Colonel E. B.  mitb. . . rnitb boro .  Jan. 
 
Lt- olonel C. ~I Harpel'. . . Rome. . . .  Jan. 
 
Lt- olonel G. H. Waring. . Cement. . .  Jan. 
 
Lt-Colon I.T. C. Nichols . . Black b ar .  Jan. 
 
Lt-Colonel F. J. :;\1. Daly.. . Macon . . . 
 
Jan. 
 
Lt-Colonel 'I'. E. 'Vinn.. . Lawrenceville.  Jan. 
 
Lt- olonel caton Grantland Griffin .. 
 
 Jan. 
 
7 
 
Lt- olonel O. D. Gorman.. . Talbotton. 
 
 Jan. 
 
Lt- olonel Henry Jack on . . Atlanta. 
 
Jan. 
 
Lt-Colonel 'I'. M. wift.. 
 
. Elberton . 
 
 Jan. 
 
Lt-Colonel A. J. W t... 
 
. Atlanta. . 
 
 Jan. 
 
Lt- olonel E. H. rawley 
 
. 'Vaycros . 
 
 July 
 
 14 
 
STATEMENT A. 
 
GEORGIA VOL NTEERS. 
 
FIR 'r VOLU TEER REGIMENT OF GEORGIA. 
HEADQUARTERS, SAVANNAH. 
George A. Mercer, Commanding-Rank Colonel-Savannab; commi ioned December 27tb, 1886. 
Peter Reiley-Rank Lieut-Colonel-Savannab; commis ioned February 2nd, 1 2. . 
Major John Schwarz, avannah; commissioned February 2, 1882. R. G. Gaillaird, Adjutant-Rank 1 t Lieutenant- avaunab'j 
commis ioned January tb, 1887. W. W. Owen, urgeon-Rank 1st Lieutenant-Savannah; com- 
lUis ioned January 17th, 1887. Otto Vogel, Paymaster-Rank 1 t Lieut nant- avannah; com- 
mi "ioned January 17tb, 1 7. M. A. O'BJ'yne, Q,uartermaster-RanklstLieutenant- avannah; 
commi loned March 10th, 1 7. J. T. Ronan, Commissary-Rank 1 t Lieutenant- 'avannah; 
commissioned October 1 t, 1887. 
 
COMPANIE COxIPHISING FIRST VOLU TEER REGIME T O:B GEORGIA. 
 
SAYANNAH CADET 
 
H. M. Branch, Captain. . . . . avannah. J. F. Brooks, 1 t Lieutenant . ., avannah. R. . Mell, 2nd Lieutenant.. , . Savannah. 
2nd Lieutenant... 
 
 Mar. 17,1 2  Apr. 30, 1887  Jan. 17,1 0 
 
REPUBLICAN BL E . 
 
W. D. Dixon, Captain.. . . . . avannah. W. G. Morrell, 1st Lieutenant.. Savannah. F. P. Haupt, 2nd Lieutenant. . avannalJ. 
2nd Lieutenant .. Savannah. 
 
 Jan. 26,1 87  Jan. 26, 1887  Jan. 13,1888 
 
OGLETHORP LIGHT INFAN'rRY. 
 
Robert Falligant, Captain.. . Savannah. 
 
. Sept. 16, 1872 
 
F. G. DuBignon, 1st Lieut . . . Savannab. . . . . Jan. 8, 1885 
 
 15 
 
W. B. Mell, 2nd Lieutenant .. Savannab. L: W. Lander bein, 2nd Lieut. avannah. 
 
IRI H J A PER GREE)l 
 
John Flannery, Captain.. James McGrath, 1 t Lieut E. F. Glee on, 2nd Lieut. 
2nd Lieut. 
 
avannah. avannab. avannah. 
 
GERi\UX 
 
Jobn Derst, Captain 
 
. 
 
. H. Harm, 1 tLieut . 
 
Henry Kol horn, 2nd Lieut. 
 
2nd Lieut. 
 
OLUNrrEER 
vannab. avannah. avannab. 
 
 Mar. , 1 2  Aug. 16, 1 76 
 May 6,1 72  Oct. 5, 1 2 . May 24,1 88 
ov. 24,1 5  Dec. 27, 1 7  Au"'. 27, 1 - 
 
ECO D BATTALIO ~ GEORGIA VOL NTEER . 
 
HEADQUAR'I'ER , )JA 0 . 
. M. Wiley, ommanding-Rank Lt-Colonel, Macon, Dec. 13 '76. r"". M. Hodgkin, Rank fajor. E. D. Hugunin, Adjut3nt--Rank 1st Lieut. 'Valter Paine, Q,uarterma ter-Rank 1 t Lieut. E. . Wilson, Commissary-Rank 1 t Lieut. N. G. Gervinner, urgeon-Rank 1 t Lieut. W. W. 'Wrigly, Payma ter-Rank 1 t Lieut. J. O. A. Cook, Chaplain-Rank lt Lieut. 
 
MACON VOL NTEER 
 
G. . Connor, Captain . J. E. ""V II lIt Lieut. . A. L. Butt, 2nd Lieut. 
2nd Lieut. 
 
 Macon.. lacon .. lacon.. 
 
 Aug.  Aug.  May Jan. 
 
FLOYD RIFLE 
 
J. L. Hardeman, Captain. E. E. :\IaJlory, 1 t Lieut.. D. G. mith, 2nd Lieut. . 
2nd Lieut. . 
 
 Macon  Macon  Macon 
 
 Aug. 22,1 7  May') ,] 
 Oct. ,1 
 
SOUTHERK ADErrS. 
 
Roff 'im, aptain. . . O. T. Kenan, 1 t Lieut. T. E. Artope, 2nd Lieut. 
2nd Lieut. 
 
 Macon  lacon  Macon 
 
 Feb. 4,1 6  July 20,1 6  July 27,1 6 
 
 16 
 
pu'rNA 1 RIFLE 
 
1. H. Adams, Captain . . . 1st Lieut ... 
S. T. Wingfield, 2nd Lieut. . 2nd Lieut.. 
 
. Eatonton. Eatonton. 
 
 Apr. 25,1 4  Apr. 4,1 i 
 
HA COCK VAK GUARDS. 
 
A. E. Brown, Captain .. . , parta J. '1'. Minor, 1st Lieut . . . , parta E. E. Alfriend, 2nd Lieut ... . pal'ta A. H. Hutchin on, 2nd Lieut . parta 
 
Aug. . Au"'.  Aug.  Apr. 
 
BALDWIN BLUE '. 
 
amnel,Vallter, Captain. J, J. Wooten, 1 t Heut. J. D. Howell, 2nd Li ut G. W. Caraker, 2nd Lieut 
 
. Milledgeville. . l\IilledgeviJIe . Milledgeville 
 
. lay 29, 1888 
. May 29, 1 88 . May 29, ISSS 
 
'r.l3:IRD BA'rTALIO ,. GEORGIA VOLUNTEER. 
 
HEADQUAR'l'ER, AVA 'NAH. 
 
William Garrard, Commanding-Rfll1k Lieu -Colonel-Savannab, 
 
December 23rd, 1 2. 
 
,V. W. Williamson, Adjlltant-Ra.nk 1st Lieutenan avannab, 
 
February 21 t, 1883. 
 
Q,uartennaster-Rank 1st Lieut-Savan nab. 
 
R. R. Richard, Paymaster-Rank 1st Lieutenant-Savannab, 
o tober 1 t, 1 6. 
 
J. M. Bryan, Commi ary-Rank 1 t Lientenan avannah, 
 
Jay nb, 18 5. 
 
F. B. Catherwood, Quarterma tel' Sergeant- 
 
-Savannah. 
 
H. G. Block, ergeant-Major, Savannah. 
 
J. P" S. Hou ton, uf"'eon-Rank 1 t Lieutenant-Savannab, 
 
January 9tb, 1 4. 
 
Cbaplain. 
 
COMP Ty "A." 
 
J. W. Tretwell, Captain . Davis Freeman, 1st Lieut. 
2nd Lieut. 2nd Lieut. 
 
 avannah.  Savannah.  Savannah. 
 
 Apr. 9, lSS8  Apr. 9, 1 88 
 
COMPANY "B." 
 
Thoma criven, Captain. , T. D. Rockwell, 1st Lieut.. Gordon S. Orme, 2nd Lieut. 
2nd Lieut. 
 
 Havallnab. avannab. 
 
 June 1,1 8  June 1, 1888 
July 20,18 
 
 17 
 
OMPANY "C." 
 
Captain. John Reiley, 1st Lieut.. J. :1. Ryan, 2nd Lieut . W. W. Rogers, 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Savannah. , avannah.  avannah. 
 
-ov. 27,1875 Iar. 23, 1880 Oct. 28, 1886 
 
SIXTH BAT'fALION, GEORGIA VOL TEEBS. 
 
HEADQUARTERS, TALBOTTO -. 
 
Commanding-Rank Lt-Colonel. 
 
Adjutant-Rank 1 t Lieut. 
 
J. J. Joiner, Quarterma ter-Rank 1 t Lieut., Columbus, June 
 
16th, 1 
 
L. E. White, Paymaster-Rank 1 tLieu .. , 'olumbu, June 16, 7. 
 
W. \V. Kimbrough, ommi ry-Rank 1 t Lieut. 
 
W. H. Philpot, urgeon-Rank] tLieut., Talbotton, June 16, '87. 
 
Chaplain-Rank 1st Lieut. 
 
J. E. Tillman, ergeant-Major- 
 
Columbu . 
 
Quartermaster- ergeant. 
 
. O~IPA.l.TIE 
 
Company A-Columbu Guarrl, Columbus. Company B-LaGrange Light Guard, LaGrange. Company C-City Light Guards, Columbu '. Company D- 'outhem Rifles, Talbotton. 
 
OLUMB G ARD 
 
. P. Gilb rt, Captain. . J. . Harri>lon, 1st Lieut . Wm. Hunter, 2nd Lieut. E. H. Jinkins, 2nd Lieut. 
 
. Columbu . . olulllbu. . Columbu . . olumbu. 
 
. .1:-0\'. 14,1 87 ,Apr. 17, 1888 . Apr. 17, 1 88 . July 1 ,1 7 
 
LAGRANGE LIGHT G ARD . 
 
P. . Awtry, Captain E. T. Winn, 1st Lieut .. T. H. Candler, 2nd Lieut G. B. Boddir, 2nd Lieut 
 
LaGrange. . La 'range. 
La 'range. LaGrange. 
 
 June  June  Apr.  July 
 
ITY LIGH'!' G'GARD . 
 
2,1 7 7,1 7 9,1888 6, 1 
 
OUTHER_T RIFLEf4. 
 
J. M. Heath, Captain . . . E. L. Kimhougll,] t Lieut. J. ~lcCray, 2nd Lieut . . . S. D. Maxwell, 2nd Lieut. . 
 
 Talbotton.  Talbotton.  Talbotton.  Talbotton. 
 
 June 2, 1  June 2,1  June 2, 1  June 2, 1 
 
 1 
 
 11 TH B T'l'ALIO GEORGIA VOLU :TTEER 
HEADQ ARTER., ELBERTOX. 
"Till. F. Jone , Commanding-Runk Lieut-ColonelFet.ruul y Hstt, 1 
Wm. B. Smith, Adjutant-Runk ] t Lieutenant-Gaine ville, Fel.n1.1ury 27th, 1,88. 
A. C. tone, Ql1al'tel'ma ter-Ranl{ 1st Lieutenanlr-Gainesville, April 3n], 18 8. 
J. L. Palmoul', Paymaster-I ank 1st Lieutenant:\1ay 3rd, 1 
H. J. Brewer, Commissary-Rank I t Lieutenant~1ay 3rd, 1 
J. 'V. Baily, urgeon-Rank l<:t Lieutenaut- 
.1ay 3rd, 1 Chaplain-Rank 1st LieutenantW. A. Snow, Sergeant-Major- 
:\1a)' 31'd, 1 ' . W. T. \ an Duzer, Quarterma t r Aergeant- 
:\1ay 3nl, 1 
 
WALTON GPARD. 
 
G. 1\1. ~apiel', Captain . . J. O. Lawrance, ]st Lieut W. 1\1. Michael, 2nd Lieut J. H. Falker, 2nd Lieut . 
 
 Monroe.  1onroe. 
::\Iollroe. :\follroe. 
 
 Aug. 10, 1885  June 6, 1 84  June 6,1 84  Aug. 10,1 5 
 
GREEN RIFLE. 
 
J. C. Hart. Captain. E. Young, 1 t Lieut A. H. mith, 2nd Lieut S. A. Hall, 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Green. boro .  Gr enslJor .  Green 'uoro . 
Greensboro. 
 
 Aug. 25 l'  July 7 1  July 7, 1  July 7, 1 
 
PIED WXT RIFLE . 
 
W. H. Cobb, Captain. . 
 
. Gaine Tille. 
 
L. D. Puckett, 1 t Lieut . . .. Gaine ville. 
 
T. J. tovall, 2nd Lieut . . . . Gainesyille . 
 
L. W. Kembrough, 2nd Lieut. Gaine yille . 
 
 May 2, 1  June 11, 1  July 9, 1  July 9,1 
 
ELBERT LIGH'l' INFANTRY. 
 
G. C. Grogan, Captain . P. M. Homer, 1 t Lieut. L. H. Turner, 2nd Lieut D. H. Boun, 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Elberton  Elberton  Elberton  Elberton 
 
 Feb. 27,1  Mar. 16, 1  :\lar. 16, 1  :i\1ar. 16, 1 
 
 HI 
 
CO:\lPA... rES OF INFA...TTRY ~OT ATTACHED TO BA.TTALIO.. '. 
 
ALBA.r Y G ARD 
 
E. L. "'right, Captain 1 t Lieut. 
J. R. Forrester, 2nd Lieut '. B. Lewis, 2nd Li ut . 
 
 Albau,)'.. 
 Albany...  Albany... 
 
 Feb. 11, 1 
 Feb. 21, 1 . May 13, 1 84 
 
BLO(NT VOL TTEER 
 
P. F. Enni 1 Captain .... J. W. hampion, 1 t Lieut. E. W. Enui ,2nd Lieut. . . A. J. Brown, 2nd Lieut. 
 
 lilledgeville... . lay 24, 1 84  Milledgeville.. , . Apr. 21, 1  Iilledgeville... . :May 31. 1  Milledgeville.. , . May 31, 1884 
 
BR ... WI K RIFLE lEN. 
 
U. Dart, Captain . . . . . 1st Lieut 
P. S. 1\1orri ,2nd Lieut. . 2nd Lieut .. 
 
 Brun wick.  Brunswick. 
 
 July 21, 1 83  Apr. 9,18 5 
 
LARK LIGHT L TFAN"TRY. 
 
H. K. Lowrey, Captain.. 1st Lieut. 
J. E. Ramey, 2nd Lieut. 2nd Lieut.. 
 
 August..'\ Augu ta 
 
CLI...T H RIFLE . 
 
 Feb. ,1 7  1\1ar. 13, I 8. 
 
I. C. Levy, avtain. W. 1\1. Froy, 1st Lieut. . V. J. Dol'S, ~nd Lieut. . H. C. HaU, 2nd Lieu t. . 
 
Augu t..'\ . Augu ta . Augnsta . Augusta 
 
CO.rT 'l'ITUTIO TAL G ARD 
 
. Kov.  Dec.  Dec.  Dec. 
 
I. L. Bird, Captain ... H. R. 1\1oony, 1 t Lieut. E. B. Daniel, 2nd Lieut. 
2nd Lieut. 
 
 Taylors reek.  Taylors Creek.  Taylor reek. 
 
 Mar. 16, 1883  July 5,1 6  May 16, 1 6 
 
CRAWFORD G ARDS. 
 
J. D. McGee, Captain. . . 
'r. W. Jackson, 1 t Lieut .. 
J. . andeford, 2nd Lieut. 
2nd Lieut. 
 
 Knoxville. .  Knoxville.  Knoxville. 
 
 ept. 30, 1887  Jan. 2,1 6  June 2,1 6 
 
 20 
 
DAW 0.1. G ARD . 
 
J. H. Guerry, Captain . F. W. Clark, 1st Lieut. .. J. G. Dean, 2nd Lient . . . 
"V. B. Cheatham, 2nd Lieut 
 
. Daw on. . Daw on. . Dawson. . Daw on. 
 
far. ov.  July  Mar. 
 
5, 1 7 24,1884 20,1886 5,1 7 
 
D BIGNO.l."" VOL ""TEER. 
 
William Rice, aptain..... l\1illedgeville . C. M. Gib on, 1 t Lieut. . . . . l\Iilletlgevilie . R. D. Bloodworth, 2nd Lieut .. l\Iilledgeville . 
2nd Lieut. 
 
 Feb. 25,1888  Feb. 25,1 8  Feb. 25, ] 
 
FORT GAINE G ARD . 
 
G. R. utlive, Captain . . G. . peight, 1 t Lieut . E. L. Peterson, 2nd Lieut 
2nd Lieut 
 
 Fort Gaines.  Fort Gaines.  l! ort Gaines. 
 
 ept. 26, 1  ept. 26, 1  June 2,1 8 
 
GRIFFI.!: LIGHT G ARD . 
 
J. A. White, Captain. . . 1 t Lieut. 2nd Lieut 2nd Lieut 
 
 Griffin 
 
 Apr. 
 
4,1 7 
 
GATE CITY GU RD . 
 
Lyman Hall, Captain 
 
F. H. Ellis, 1st Lieut 
 
. 
 
2nd Lieut 
 
. 
 
G. E. Crawford, 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Atlanta.  Atlanta. 
 Atlanta. 
 
 July 5,1  July 30,1 
 Aug. 21, 1888 
 
HILL CITY CADET 
 
W. H. I teele, Captain . H. Hamilton, 1 t Lieut. P. E. Wood, 2nd Lieut. 
2nd Lieut. 
 
 Rome.  Rome. 
Rome. 
 
 June 9, 1  Apr. 9,1 5  June 11, 1 84 
 
LEWI~ LIGH'r I.l:""FA "TRY. 
 
R. O. Engram, aptain . . 1 t Lieut. 
E. B. Lewi ,2nd Lieut. . J. l\I. Dupree, 2nd Lieut . 
 
 Montezuma. 
 Montezuma.  Montezuma. 
 
 Mar. 10,18 
 Apr. 17,1883  June ]8,1 7 
 
MILLEDGEVILLE LIGHT h'"FA.I.-TRY. 
 
G. T. Wilden, aptain G. D. Carr, 1st Lieut 
 
 Milledgeville.. , . ~Iar. 13,]  I illedgeville.. , . Mar. 13, 1 
 
 21 
 
U. Hang, 2nd Lieut. R. W. Roberts, 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Milledgeville.. , . May 28, 1 4  Milledgeville. . . . Mar. 13, 1888 
 
QUITMA G ARDS. 
 
Captain.. J. T. McGinty, 1st Lieut. W. E. anders, 2nd Lieut A. H. need, 2nd Lieut. 
 
 For ythe .  Forsythe.  For.ythe .  FOI ythe . 
 
 July 28,1 2  1\lay 10,1 
lay 10,1 
 
ROME LIGHT G ARD 
 
J. L. Johnson, Captain . Geo. Raimey, 1st Lieut. C. R. Terhune, 2nd Lieut. 1\1. M. Pepper, 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Rome.  Rome.  Rome.  Rome. 
 
PALDING GRAY . 
 
J. T. tephenson, Captain.. 1 t Lieut. 
J. J. Gaillard, 2nd Lieut. 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Griffin.  Griffin  Griffin. 
 
THOM OJ G ARD . 
 
J. 1. Barne , Captain .. B. M. Gra ,1st Lieut J. S. Boyd, 2nd Lieut. 
2nd Lieut. 
 
 Thorn on.  Thorn. on .  Thorn on. 
 
TA'I'T ALL G .ARD 
 
Captain. B. F. Jenkins, 1 t Lieut J. R. Pencell, 2nd Lieut 
2nd Lieut 
 
 Matlock  Matlock 
 
 Aug.  June  June  Apr. 
oro". 8,1 7  Aug. 27,1 6 
 Aug. 27,1 5  June 12, 1 6  Jan. 12, 1 6 
orov. 22,1 4  June 16,1 
 
WILEY G ARD 
 
Captain. J. . Je up, 1 t Lieut. W. H. Donnan, 2nd Lieut Jno. Chance, 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Pleasant Hill .  Pleasant Hill .  Pleasant Hill . 
 
T OV 15, 1 4 ov. 15,1 84 ov. 15, 1884, 
 
ATLA TA RIFLE 
 
A. C. need, Captain. 
 
 Atlanta. 
 
8, 1 
 
W. T. Kuhns,l t Lieut. 
 
 Atlanta. 
 
4, 1 
 
W. J. Kendrick, 2nd Lieut.  Atlanta. 
 
4, 1 
 
F. pencer, 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Atlanta. 
 
4,1 
 
 22 
 
'1.""LV IA RIFLE 
 
Captain. R. L. Singleton, 1 t Lieut "\ . A. Taylor, 2nd Lieut. 
2nd Lieut. 
 
ylvania ylvania 
 
 June 11,1 7  June 11,1 7 
 
MADII O...T HOME GUARD. 
 
W. . McHenry, Captain. 
 
Iadison 
 
J. E. Godfry, 1st Lieut. 
 
Iadi on 
 
R. W. Thomason, 2nd Lieut.  Madison 
 
2nd Lieut. 
 
 May 27,1 7  June 22,1 7  June 22,1 7 
 
ATLA TA ZO AVE 
 
J. B. Hollis, Captain. C. A. heldon, 1st Lieut. 
2nd Lieut. 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Atlanta.  Atlanta. 
 
 July 14, 1887  May 28,1 88 
 
WARRE RIFLE 
 
J. Thom on, Captain. E .'. Cody, 1st Lieut. J. W. Thomson, 2nd Lieut. G. L. Gro " 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Warrenton.  \Varrenton .  \Varrenton . 
Warrenton. 
 
 July ~,1 7  Aug. 1, 1 7  Aug. 1,1 7  Aug. 1,1 7 
 
PERRY RIFLES, 
 
W. C. Davis, Captain. R. . Holtzclaw, 1 t Lieut. C. E. Gilbert, 2nd Lieut J. G. Holtzclaw, 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Perry.  P rry.  Perry.  Perry. 
 
 "ept. 17, 1  Oct. 1, 1  Oct. 1,1  Oct. 1, 1 
 
ARTILLERY. 
 
CHATHAM ARTILLERY. 
 
J. F. Wheaton, Captain . R. F. Hal'man, 1st Lieut. 
. P. Walker, 2nd Lieut J. R. Sau y, 2nd Lieut. F. T. Lincoln, Surgeon. 
 
avannah. avannah. avannah. 'avannah.  Savannah. 
 
ATLA TA ARTILLEHY. 
 
G. B. Forbes, Captain . 
 
 Atlanta. 
 
A. M. Perkerson, 1st Lieut.  Atlanta. 
 
1\1. L. Lichten tadt, 2nd Lieut  Atlanta. 
 
2nd Lieut. 
 
. May  July  July  Jan.  Oct. 
 
1 , 1872 1,1 77 9, 1 87 24,1 7 10, 1887 
 
 Dec. 1, 1887  Dec. 1,1887  Dec. 1,1 7 
 
 23 
 
JA K O~ ARTILLERY. 
 
Captain. 1 t Lieut J. ~l. olalla, ~nd Lieut 
 
 AlLany.  Albany.  Albany. 
 
 Apr. ~4, 1 4 
 
CAV LRY. 
 
EFFI~GHAl\l TROOP. 
 
T. F. tubb, Captain. J. Bird, 1 t Lient. . . . . A. Moyan, 2nd Lient. . . D. G. ~Iorgan, ~nd Lient . 
 
 I pringficld... pringfield.. pringfi ld. pringfield... 
 
GEOR IA HU 'AR 
W. \\'. G rdon, Captain .. G. B. Pritchard, 1st Lieut. . J. B. Duckworth, 2nd Licut P. W. ~feldrim, 2nd Lieut. . 
 
 Aug. 7, 1  June 26,1  ~lay ], 1  May 1, 1 
 l\Iay Ii, 1  Jan. 14,1  Jan. 14,]  Jan. 14,1 
 
GOVERNOR'.' HOR E G ARD. 
 
John ~lill dge, Captain. 
C. 'V. mith, 1 t LieuL . 
J. A. l\filler, 2nd Lient . 
E. C. Atkin', 2nd Lieut 
 
 AUanta.  Atlank'l.  Atlanta.  Atlanta. 
 
 Mar. 31, 1883  :Tov. 3,1 7  l::Tov. 3,1 7 
 T OV 3, 1 7 
 
LIBER'l'Y INDEPE.l.mEXCE TROOP. 
 
E. P. Miller, aptain. . J. L. Fleming, 1 t Lieut J. B. Fra er, 2nd Lient . 
'V. J. Way, 2nd Lient. . 
 
. Walthourville . 'YalthoUl'ville . Walthourville . Walthourville 
 
. Feb. 22, 1 4 . Feb. 2~, 1 4 . May 2, 18 2 . Apr. 3, 1885 
 
LIBERTY GUARD. 
 
J. l\1. Dol' ey, Captain. . . J. J. Martin, 1st Lient . . J. 'V. Hnghe ,2nd Lieut. R. . Hendry, 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Johnston'  Johnston'  John ton'  John ton 
 
tation.Jau. 25,1 tation.July 4, 1883 tation.,Jan. 20, ] tation.Jan. 25,1' 8 
 
l\lcINTO H LIGHT DRAGOO 
 
J. L. Fo ter, Captain .. T. . Wiley, 1 t Lieut. . B. T. inclair, 2nd Lieut. 
2nd Lieut. 
 
 Darien.  Darien..  Darien.. 
 
 July 17,1 6  Apr. 4,1 7  Feb. 16,1 
 
 24 
 
RICHMOKD HUSSAR 
 
.T. W. Clark, Captain .. A . .T. Twiggs, 1st Lieut. 
2nd Lieut. 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Augusta.  Augusta. 
 
SCREVEN TROOP. 
 
J. J. Brewer, Captain. . . D. J. Newton, 1 t Lieut.. S. P. Jackson, 2nd Lieut. R. M. Cah'oon, 2nd Lieut. 
 
ameron  Cameron  Cameron  Cameron 
 
 Nov. 20, 1876  May 24,1 
 July 13, 1 87  Aug. 26, 1887  Aug. 26, 1887  July 3,1886 
 
STATEMENT B. 
 
FIRST BATTALION GEORGIA VOLUNTEERS. 
 
(COLORED.) 
 
HEADQUARTERS, SAVANNAH. 
 
J. H. Deveaux, Commanding-Rank, Lieut-Col., Savannah, Feb. 2,1 6. 
A. K. Desverney, Adjutant-Rank, 1st Lieut., avannab, Aug. 1,1 5. 
A. Brown, Quartermaster-Rank, 1st Lieut., Savannah, Aug. 
1, 1 85. T. T. Sanders, Payma tel'-Rank, 1st Lieut., avannah, Aug. 1, 
1 5. E. W. Green, Commissary-Rank, 1st Lieut., Savannab, Sept. 8, 
1 87. T. J. Davis, Surgeon-Rank, 1st Lieut., Savannah, larch 19, 
18. ChaplainQuartermaster- ergeantSergeant-Major- 
 
UNION LINCOLN GUARD 
 
J. H. Hammond, Captain.... Savannah. R. H. immons, 1st Lieut. . . . avannah. J. E. DeLester, 2nd Ljeut. . . . avannah. J. Myrell, 2nd Lieut . . . . . . Savannah. 
 
 .Tan. 20, 18 8  Feb. 17, 1  Feb. 17,1 88  Feb. 17, 1888 
 
LONE TAR 'ADETS. 
 
P. A. D. Lloyd, Captain ... , . Savanuah ..  Dec. 3,187 
 
L. H. Wa bington, 1 t Lieut. . avannah.. . 
 
'ov. 8, 1 77 
 
 25 
 
J. L. Quarterman, 2nd Lieut. avannah .. Wm. Hayne, 2nd Lieut ... avannah .. 
 
 Dec. 3,1 7 
 
AVANNAH LIGHT lliFA ~TRY. 
 
W. H. Royall, Captail1 .. D. D, Walthour, 1 t Lieut . Cbas. Jack on, 2nd Lieut. B. J. Williams, 2nd Lieut ' 
 
avannab.  avannab.  'avallnah.  Savannah. 
 
ept. 13,1 77  May 11,1  ept. 13. 1887 ,May 11, 1883 
 
COLQ ITT BL E 
 
J. H. Carter, Captain . L. . Edward, 1 t Lieut. Edward Jack on, 2nd Lieut 
o car Cole, 2nd Lieut . 
 
avannah.   avannab. 
avannab. avannah. 
 
2, 1 2 2,1 2 2,1 2 2, 1 2 
 
FORRE T CITY LIGHT I FANTRY. 
 
'V. H. Art on, aptain . 
1st Lieut. E. A. William, 2nd Lieut 
 
 I avannah. avannab. 
 
 Apr. 20,1 7  Apr. 20,1 7 
 
J. L. Mault, 2nd Lieut. 
 
avannah. 
 
 Oct. 19,1 6 
 
CHATHA~r LI HT INFA"KTRY. 
 
Julius Maxwell, Captain. R. F. Grant, 1st Lieut ... C. D. Blake, 2nd Lieut . . , Edward Goldin, 2nd Lieut. 
 
 'avanllah. , 'avaunah.  I avannah.  avannah. 
 
 June 30, 1 86  Dec. 10, 1 6  Dec. 10, 1 6  June 4,1 1 
 
THIRD B TTALIO J GEORGIA VOL :TTEER '. 
( OLORED). 
HEADQUARTER, AUGUSTA.. 
H. R. John 'on, Commanding-Rank Lieut-Colonel-Augu ta, June 30tb, 1 -. 
I. Blocker, Adjutant-Rank 1 t Lieutenantr---Augll ta, eptember tb, ] 
H. L. Walker, Quarterma ter-Rank 1 t Lieutenantr---Augu ta, I eptember 9th, 1 5. 
PaymasterCommi.sary- 
urgeonCbaplainQuarterma ter-. ergeantr--- 
ergeant-l\fajor- 
 
 LIGHT L-FA~TRY. 
 
John Lark, Captain ... F. F. Pierce, 1st Lieut . . 
2nd Lieut. 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Augu'ta  Augusta 
 
 JuI' 25,1 5 ov. 30,1 - 
 
DO 'LA LIGHT r~FA TTRY. 
 
A. F. Golphin, Captain . . . . . Augu -ta . 1 t Lieut ... 
P. ,Y. )1cIntosh, 2nd Lieut. . . Augu 1;..'1. . 
Parnell Pitts, 2nd Lieut . .. . Augu -ta 
 
. .Oct. ,1 4 
 .Apr. 1 ,1 3  . Apr. 18, 1 83 
 
A G '1'A CADETd. 
 
,Y. H. Clarke, Captain. 
 
 Augu ta. 
 
T. Z. Tolbert, 1st Lieut 
 
 Augu ta. 
 
Wily Elberts, 2nd Lieut 
 
 Augu ta. 
 
J. L. Blair, 2nd Lieut .....  Augusk't 
 
 . 'ept. 21,1 5 ept. 21, 1 85 
 . 'ept. 21, 1885 
 
ATTO." LIGHT I TFAXTRY. 
 
R. G. Cummings, Captain. . . . Augusta.. R. F. Barfield, 1 t Lieut. . . . . Augu ta . Robt. Wa hington, 2nd Lieut.. Augu ta . ReI on Butlet, 2nd Lieut.. .. Augusta . 
 
 .De. 27,1  . )1ar. 23,1  .Mar. 23,1  .June 29,1 
 
GEORGIA L-F. ~TRY. 
 
T. G. Walker, Captain. J. A. Baker, 1 t Lieut . L. ummin, 2nd Lieut W. Miller, 2nd Lieut .. 
 
 Augu ta.  Augu~ta.  Augu ta.  Augu ta. 
 
 .Jan.  .~1ar.  .:\1ar.  .Mar. 
 
GEORGIA VOL ~TEER 
 
(COLORED.) 
CO;\IPA.l.TIE OF I FANTRY 01' ATTACHED TO BATTALIO 
 
COLQ 1'1''1' GUARD 
 
Henry Bird, Captain. H. Pace, 1 t Lieut . N. Bragg, 2nd Lieut . Charley Green, 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Albany...  Albany...  Albany... 
 
LI~ OLN G ARDS. 
 
F. Disroon, Captain. A. R. Dickey, 1 t Lieut. 
 
 Macon..  )lacon.. 
 
 'ept. 8, 1884 'ept. 8, 1 
 Aug. 14, 1 2  July 16,1883 
 
 27 
 
. A. Lockhart 2nd Lieut. .  Macon.. G. J. Bennett, 2nd Lieut. .  ~Iacon .. 
 
 :Xov. 7, 1 73 
 
GEORGIA CADET . 
 
1. H. Bently Captain W. B. Patter'oll, 1 t Lieut . E. . mall, 2nd Lieut .. A. J. Ware, 2nd Lieut ... 
 
 Atlanta.  Atlanta.  Atlanta.  Atlanta. 
 
lar. 12, 1 79 
 
FULTO_Y G ARD 
 
J. T. Grant, Captain W. B. Pre 'den, 1 t Lieut. T. "F. Fleming, 2nd Lieut. 
2nd Lieut. 
 
 Atlanta.  Atlanta.  Atlanta. 
 
 Apr. 3,] 88  Apr. 3, 1 8  Apr. 27,1883 
 
GOVER~OR' 'OL "TEER.. 
 
J. McHenry, Captain R. H. Jone , ] t Lieut R. B. Ferrell, 2nd Lieut T. E. Cox, 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Atlanta. tlanta. 
 Atlauta. 
 
 June 29,] 79  Feb. 18, ]8 6  Feb. 1 , ] 6 
June 21,1 
 
COL l\IB 'VOL "STEER . 
 
. F. Humphrie , Captain. ] t Lieut. 2nd Lieut 2nd Lieut 
 
. Columbu . olumbus. 
 
ROME TARR G ARD . 
 
To B. Higenbotham, Captain. oRome. 
 
G. A. Roger, ] t Lieut 
 
 Rome. 
 
L E. Butler, 2nd Lieut . . .  Rome. 
 
Robt. Turner, 2nd Lieut . 0  oR me. 
 
oFeb. 20,1888 
 
BIBB CO TY BLUE. 
 
. Mo ley, Captain. . l\IcWhorter, 1st Lieut .. A. Thw att, 2nd Lieut. 0  Isaac 'Vebb, _nd Lieut ... 
 
oMacon.  l\Iacon 0  Macon. oMacon. 
 
ept. 20,1 74 ept. 25, 1 74  Sept. 25, 1 74 oJuly 9, ]877 
 
CE "TRAL CITY LIGH'!' INFANTRY. 
 
Pre ton Day, Captain. . .. C. H. Wallace, 1 t Lieut. James QUireI', 2nd Lieut. 
2nd Lieut. 
 
 facon.  lacon.  l\Iacon . 
 
 May  July  July 
 
30, 1887 24, 1 87 24,1 7 
 
 28 
 
ARTILLERY. 
 
GEORGIA ARTILLERY. 
 
J. C. immons, Captain. . 
 
avannah .. 
 
lsI, Lieut. . . . . 
 
2nd Lieut.. . . . avannah .. 
 
Demons Simmons, 2nd Lieut... Savannah .. 
 
CAVALRY. 
 
AVAN AH H AR 
 
F. F. Jone , Captain .... H. 'V. 'Villiam ,1st Lieut . Adam Ferridee, 2nd Lieut . Peter Dennegal, 2nd Lieut. 
 
 Apr. 2i,1 1 
 May 9,1881 
 Jan. 14,1  Mar. 20,1  Dec. 14,1 77  May la, 1882 
 
I DEPE DENT COMPA IE 
 
( OLORED). 
 
ATLA TA W ASHING'rO T GUARD 
 
T. Turner, Captain E. Brooks, 1st Lieut .. R. Farrow, 2nd Lieut . 
2nd Lieut. 
 
 Atlanta.  Atlanta.  Atlanta. 
 
. May 19,1 77 
 
 APPENDIX A. 
 
Muster roll, field staff and band, 1st Regiment Georgia Regulars, C. '. A.-12 ompanies, A to M. 
 
Muster roll, field and taff, 1st Confederate Regiment of Georgia, C. . A.-Col. . A. "mith, Macon, Ga. 
 
Field talf and band, 1 t Regiment Georgia Volunteers, infantry, C. . A.-Col. C. H. Olm tead. 
 
Mu tel' roll, field staff and band,2nd Regiment Georgia Volunteers, C. . A.-Col. P. J. emmes and E. W. Butt, Bennings Brigade, Field's Division, Longstreet' Corps, Rrmyof Northern Va. 
 
Muster roll, field statt and band,3rd Regiment Georgia Volunteer ,C. . A.-Col. A. R. Wright, Wright's Brigade, Division , A. P. Hill' Corp, 12 company rolls. 
 
Muster roll, field staff and band 4th R giment Georgia Volunteers, .'. A.-Cols. Dole, Willis ook, Dole ; ook' Brigade, Rhode' Division, Ewell' (2nd) Corp ; Army "orthern Yirginia. 
 
Roll of field and staff, 5th RegimE'nt Georgia Volunteer, infantry C. . A.-Cols., J. K. 'rucker, . W. Mangham, W. '1'. Black, C. P. Daniels. 
 
Roll of field, taff and band, 6th Regiment Georgia Volunteer, infantry, C. . A.-Col., A. H. Colquitt, J. T. Lofton. 
 
Ro tel', 7th Regiment Georgia Volunteer, infantry, C. . A., 
Ander on' Brigad, Field' Dh'i ion, Longstreet' Corps, 
Army .~orthern Ya. 01., L. J. Gartrell, 'V. W. White. 
 
Ro ter of field taft and band, th Regiment Georgia Volunteer, infantr " C. '. A.-Col., F. . Bartow, W. 1. Gardner, L. M. Lamar, J. R. Tower j Ander on's Brigade, Field' Divi ion, Longstreet's Corps; Army orth rn Virginia. 
 
Ro tel', 9th Regiment G orgia Yolunteer , infantry, 
 
. A.- 
 
Col., L. R. Goulding, R. A. 'rurnipseed, B. Beck; Anderson's 
 
Brigade, Field' Division, Long treet's Corps; Army Northern 
 
Virginia. 
 
Ro tel', lOth Regiment Georgia Volunteer, infantry, ols., L. lIIcLaws, A. Cummlug, J. B. 'Weem. 
 
. A.- 
 
 30 
Roster, 11th Regiment Georgia' olunteers, infantry, C. . A.Cols., G. T. Anderson, F. H. Little; Ander on's Brigade, Fields' Division, Lougstreet'. Corps; Army ~Torthern Virginia. 
Roster, 12th Regiment Georgia V()lunteer', infantry, C. S. A.Cols., E. Johnson, Z. T. ouner, E. 'Villi ; Cook' Brigade, Rhode's Division, :!nd 'orps j Army ~ ortbern Virginia. 
Roster, 13tb Regiment Georgia Volunteer, infantry, C. I  A.Cols., W.Ector, M. Douglas, J. M., mith, J. H. Bal,erj Evan' Brigade, Gordon's Division, 2nd Corp ; Arm.r Nortbern Virginia. 
Ro tel',14th Rgiment Georgia Volunteer', infantry, C. . A.- 
Cols., A. V. Brumby, Felix Price, R. V,. Fol om j Tbomas' 
Brigade, Wilcox's Divi ion, 3rd (Hill's) Corp' i Army North ern Virginia. 
Roster, 15th Regiment Georgia Volunteer', infantry, C. . A.Cols., T.W. Thomas, W. :\1. )Iclntosb, 'IV. T. l\Iellican, D. M. DuBose, Bennlng'sBrigade, Field's Division, Longstreet's Corps jArmy Northern Virginia. 
Roster, 16th Regiment Georgia. Volunteers, infantry, C. '. A.Cols., Howell, Cobb, Good Bryan. 
Roster,l7th Regiment Georgia Volunt ers, infantry, '. '. A.Col., H. L. Bennmg, 'V. C. Hodges j Benning' Brigade, Field' Division, Long treet' Corp i Army ...-orthel'll Va. 
Roster 18tb Regiment Georgia Volunteers, infantry, C. S. A.Cols., W. T. Wofford, . Z. Ruff, J. Arm trong; DuBose's Brigade, Rer baw' Divi ion, Long.trect' Corp; Army Northern Va. 
Roster, 19th Regiment Georgia Volunteers, infantry, C. . A.Cols., W. W. Boyd, A. J. Hutchin j Colquitt's Brigade, Hoke's Division, Anderson's Corps; Army Northern Va. 
Roster, 20th Regiment Georgia Volunteers, infantry, C. S. A.Cols., W. D. mith, J. B. Cumming, J. D. Waddell; Longstreet's Brigade, Van Dorn' Divi ion, Beauregard' Corps j Army Korthern Va. 
Roster, 21st Regiment Georgia. Volunteers, infantry, C. S. A.- 
ColJ., J. 'r. :Mercer, T. VV. Hooper; Cook's Brigade, Rhodes' 
Division, 2nd Corps i Army orthern Virginia. 
Roster,22nd Regiment Georgia Volunteers, infantry, C. S. A.Cols., R. H. Jones, S. H. Jones; orrell's Brigade, Mahone's Division, A. P. Hill's Corps; Army orthem Virginia. 
 
 31 
Ro ter, 23rd Regiment Georgia Volunteer, infantry, C. , . A.- 
Cols., '1'. Hutchinson, "Y. P. Barclay, E. F. Be t, J. H. Hug- 
gins, M. R. Ballanger' Colquitt' Brigade, Hol.e's DlVision, Longstreet's Corps; Army .-orthern Virginia. 
Roster,24th Regiment Georgia Volunteers, infantry, C. , . A.ols., Robert McMillan C. C. Randel's; "Wofford's Brigade, 
McLaw's Divi 'ion, Long treet's Corps; Army.-orthern Virginia. 
Roster, 25th ReO'iment Georgia Volunteer, infantry C. S. A.Cols., C. C. "'iIRon, 'V. J. "'inn j 'ViI on's" 'teYen's, Jacl,son's Brigade' 'V. H. '1'. 'Valker's Divi ion, Hardee' Corps; ArnJy of 'rennessee. 
Roster,37th Regiment Georgia \Toluntcers, infantry, C. S. A.Orgauized :May 1 63, Ly the consolidation of the 3rd and 17th Battalion Georgia Volullte rs, inft\ntry j Col., A. F. Rudler; Tyler' Brigade, Bate'. Dh-i ion, Hardee' orp.; Army of Tennessee. 
Roll, Compauy A, 27th Regiment Georgia Voluuteers, infantry, C. S. A.-Capts., T. E. 'arr, W. E. Dougherty, Robt. Patton. 
Roster,l t Battalion Georgia' Sbarp Shooters, C. S. A.-Majols, R. H. Ander on, Arthur baaff. 
Ro tel', 2ud Battalion Sharp hooter' Georgia VOlunteers, A.-:C\Iajor", J. 1. Cox, R. H. 'Vhiteley, Jno. Jack on's Brigade, 'Valker's Divi ion, Hardee'. Corps; Army Tennessee. 
Roster, :od Battalion, Georgia VOlunteers, infantl'y, C. S. A.-Majs., '1'. Hardeman, Jr., G. "'. Ro , E. J. Ioffett; Sorrell's Brigade, ::\Iahone's Divi."ion, Hill's orp j Army Northern Va. 
Ro tel', 3rd Battalion, Sharp 'hooter, Georgia Volunteers, infantry, C. S. A.-Lieut-Col ., N. L. Hut hins, Jr., P. E. Davart. Organized Jan. th, 1863, six Companies, A, B, C, D, E, and F., 'Wofford's Brigade, Kersbaw's Dh-ision, 1st Corps, Army orthern Vil'ginia. 
Roster, 3rd Battalion, Georgia Volunteer, infantry, C. S. A.Lieut-Col, l\I. A. tovall. This Battalion was by S, 0, (A, & .J, , 0,) Xo. 171, dated July 28, 1863, with the 17th Georgia Battalion made the 37th Regiment, Georgia Volunteer, infantry. 
Roster, 4tb Battalion Sharp booters, Georgia Volunteers, infantry, . '. A.-E. Companies, Major T. D. Caswell j 'tyler's Brigade, Bates' Division, Cheatam' Corps; Army Tennessee. 
 
 32 
Ro tel', th Battalion Georgia Volunteers, infantry, C. S. A,Lieut-Cols., A. Littlefield, J. T. Reid, Leroy ::.pier, J, 'Vatter '. 
Roster, 9th Battalion Georgia Volunteers, infantry, C. S. A.Major J. T. mith, consolidated July 20th, 1863, with 3rd Battalion, forming the 37th Georgia Regiment. 
Muster roll, field and staff, 66tb Georgia Regiment; afterwards consolidated with the 1st Confederate Georgia Regiment, October, 1864. 
Roll, Company A, Georgia Hussars, C. S. A.-Capts., J, F. Waring, D. Waldbener, avannah, Ga. j was po-- Company E, 6th Va. Cavllll'y, to D c"l 61; assigned to Jeff. Davis' Legion, Company F. 
Roll, Company D, 2nd Battaliou Georgia Volunteer., cavalry, "Company B, Georgia Hussars," Savannah, C. S. A.-Capts., W. H. Wiltberger, J. A. Zitroner. 
Roster, Savannah Volunteer Guard BattaJion, 18th Battalion Georgia Volunteers, infantry, C. S. A.-Majors, Jno. Screven, W. '. Bussinger, tlavanl1ah, Ga. 
Roll, Barnwell' Artillery Company, Georgia Volunteers, C. S. A. 
Roll, Clinch Battery, Artillery, C. S. A.-N. B. Clinch, Captain. 
Roll, Chatham Artillery, Savannah, Ga., C. S. A.-Captains, J. S. Claghorn, J. F. Wheaton, 1 61 to 1865. 
Roll, Daniel's Battery, C. S, A.-Captain, Cbas. Daniel. 
Roll, Pritchard's ArtillerY,Georgia Volunteel' , C. S. A,-Captaiu, E. C. Pritchard. 
Roll, Jack on Artillery, Macon, Ga., C. . A.-Captains, . A. DUl'e, T. L. Ma el.lburg. 
 
 APPENDIX B. 
 
Record from arcbive division of Adjutant-General's office, '. A., of number of regiments, battalion, etc., Georgia troop in 
.A.: 
 
One to ixty- ix Infantry. 
 
'mith' Legion Infantry. 
 
First Volunteer Infantry. 
 
Twelve Regiment avalry. 
 
Fir t Regim nt Iufantry. 
 
Eleven Battalion . 
 
First onfederate Infantry. 
 
ulber-on' Battalion. 
 
'fwelve Battalion Infantry. 
 
~ine Battalions Artillery. 
 
Floyd's Legion Infantry 
 
Five Regiments Ga. Reserve. 
 
Cberokee Legion Infantry. 
 
'fwo Battalion . 
 
obb's Legion Infantry. 
 
Foul" Battalion harp booters. 
 
Pbillip , Legion Infantry. 
 
 inety-four independent companie of Infantry, rtillery and 
 
Cavalry. 
 
  REPORT OF n lOR) BOARD. 
To the GovernOl' of Geor,qia:'rhe dvi ory Board begs leave to repf)rt that it has gh'en 
!'eriou ron iderati'1l1 to the oudition of tbe military force of the Rtate, and herewitb 8ubrnit. its conclu ions: 
Tbe military law of Georgb is a good one. It Ileed ome banges, but uch a will b of no avail, if the sugge5ltions of thi report go unheeded by the (Jeneral A embl.>'. The pre ent military for e in Georgia i organized uuder laws pa ed in conformity witb the onstitution of 1 77. The Con titution i cl aI', unambiguou. and mandatory in declarinO' this military force to be essential to tbe peace and ecurity of tbe tate, in dire ting the General A embly to provide f ). tbe trainiug, arming aud equipping of the same aud to provide a1 0 for pay and ration wh n the force is in active service by the authority of the tate, which latter clau e clearly mean wllE'lI the force is alled out in tillle of war, or to suppre a riot or in 'urrection, or when it i order d out by the Commander-in-Cbief for parade or in pe tioll, or wh 11 it is ordered by him into camps for practical instruction in everything that goe to make the soldier ready for emergencie.. 
It i not the provin e of thi Bard nor should it be nece ary, in its formlll report to the Governor, to attempt to urg the ,(:'neral . elllbly, representing the people of the tate, to Ill'rf(lrm it lIuty, under the Con titution, in thi . regard j it beinO' lJl'e 'umed that tile people of Georgia, through their constituted agent' in the General A sembly, in 1 9, will carry out nnd p rfet the scheme of the Constitutional Conv ntion of 1 77 upon this uujet. Yet, it may not be ami to refer to the on titutional and .,tatutory provi ion of the law of Geor ia, bearinO' on thL matter. 
The Con titutioo of eorgia, in Article 10, ertion I, de lares: Paragrapb 1. "A well regulated militia being e' ential to the peace and ecurity of the tate, th Gen ral embly. hall have authority to providE', by law, how the militia of thi' tate ball be organized, o.tJicered, i1'ained, armed and EQUIPPED, and of whom i hall onsi t." Paragraph 2. "'rhe General A embly hall have power to authorize the formation of volunteer companie' and to provide for their or!!anization into battalion, regiment, brigade, divisions anti corp, with 'uch re triction a may be pre cribed by law, and hall have authority to ann and EQUIP the SSlme." Paragraph 3. "'!'he offi er and men of the 
 
 36 
militia and volunteer forces, hall not be entitled to receive any pay, ration or emolument, when not in active ervice by the authority of the tate." 
'fhe 011 titution could not po 'ibly have declar d, more expr . Iy and more definitely, that a well organized militia y tem 01' volunteer sy t m, a the ca e might be, wa and i , ab olntely nee ry to that highe t object of government, "the peace and ecnrity of the tate." 
The whole cheme of the Government of Georgia contemplate a military e tabU hment, real, active, "semper paratus." The Con titution in it preamble, d clares: "To perpetuate the principle of free government, in. ure justice to all, preserve peace, promote the intere t and happine s of the citizen, and transmit to po terit,y the enjoyment of lib rty, W , the people of Georgia, relying upon the protection and gUidance of lmighty God, do ordttin and e tabli h thi 'onstitution." 
In the bill of right, (articl 1, section 1, paragraph 2) this emphatic declaration i made: 
"Protection to per on and property i the paramonnt duty of government, and hall be impartial and complete." By Article 5, e tion 1, Pal'llO'raph 11, of the Con titutioll, the Governor is made ommander-in-Chief of the military force of the tate. 
Iu Article 10, ection 1, a well regulated militia, or voluuteer force i' declared to be, "e ential to th peace and curity of the 'tate," and power i be towed upon the General A embly, to "arm and equip" tbe same. 
on truing the e portion of the on titution tog ther, then, what i the re ult? It i this: The on titution wa ordained and e tabU he I, among other thing to pre erve peac ,. the Bill of Right demand, a the "paramount" 01' highe t duty of government, the "complete" protection of "person and prolJerty j" the 1 th arti I declare how I peace' hall be pre erv d and thi "complete" protection bc afforded, namely, by a well organized, arm d, equipped militarye tabH hmentj the Executive i made 
ommander-in- hief of this force, so that he can with celerity and trength, perform hi high fun tion and dutie. It i his duty to attend to the execution of the laws of GeorlYia, and the military i. hi trong right arID, (if maintained and supported, othel'\\'ise the sinews of the right ai'll) are wanting.) 
'rile Code of Georgia, ection 51, declare : "It i tbe fiutyof the (':<overnor to 'ee that the law' are executed. FOR THIS PURP E'he ha power, a Commander-in- Ilief, to call out the military whenever, in his dis 'retion, the due enforc ment.of the proces of the Court i so re i ted and et at defiance a to require such interpo ition j" and in eclion 52, in ca s of in urrection, 
 
 87 
etc., he ha power to call out the military, and, "when 'o-called into actioll, he ha' power to make all nec ary provis;i n for their tran portation, accommodation, equipment and upport.' 
There can be no other con lu ion, then, than that a well di cipliued, well organized and ready military force i a nece . ry part of the Executive branch of the Government, so declared by th uprem Law and the tatute of Georgia. There i no r00m for doubt on thi grave matter. 'l'he enactrn nt are clear and imperativ. The words are clear and plain, and thc ens di tinct and perfect, arising on them, hence th re i . no nece ity to have recourse to other mean of interpretation. 
Sa~'s Judge tory, the great commentator: "Every word employed in the Con titution i" to be xpounded in it plain, obviou and common en e meaning, unle'- the context furni he some ground to ontrol, qualify or enlarge it. COllstitution are not de 'igned for metaphy ieal OJ' logical subtleties, for nicetie of expre ion, for critical propriety, for elaborl'te shad~" of meaning, or for the ex rci e of philo ophical acutelle' or judicial research. They are in trum nt of a practical nature, founded on the common bu'ine of life, adapted to common want, de igned for common U!i'e and fitted for ommon under tanding. The people make them i the people adopt them j the people mu t be uppo ed to read them, with the aid of common en e, and cannot be pre. umed to admit, in th J11 any recondite meaning, or any extraordinary glos." (ee Potter' Dwarris on tatute' and Con titutions, eh. 19, page 653, et. seq.) 
The plain, common en-e meaning of Article 10, then i', that the peopl give to their 'ervant', the General A embly, authority to arm and equip a military e tabli hment, becau e, it i ab olutely "e ential to the pea and security of the tate." 
uch authority, UR don thA R ertion of the 11 ce.; ity for it exerci e, i a solemn ommuud. The obviou meaning of "to arm and equip" i' not to givc guo and ac outrement and then stop, but to 0'0 on and keep the mIlitary "equipped." "Equip" (Web tel' Dictionary) mean "to furni h for ervic or again t a need or exigen y; to fit out; to upply with whatever i nece'sary to efficient action, in any way' to provide with arms, or an armament, to res, munition, rigging, or the lik j aid e pe ially, of hips or of trooV'." 
"Equipment" (\Veuster' Dictionar.Y) means "anything tilat is u ed in equipping j furniture j habiliments j war-like apparatu ; equippuO' j as, the equiplUent of a ship or an army." If it i e, ential to equip, it i equally 0 to continue to equip j the word ha a future ignification as well a' a pre ent. 
One of the cardinal rule, of con tructioD cover thi : (Code, 
 
 :~ 
ection 4, 2nd item) "the present or past tense shall include the future." 
The word "EQUTP," small a it is, has a tl'emendou meaning i a better word could not have been selected by the framers of the Constitutiou. It cover the furni 'hing of everything, necessary to upport the commands. 
'l'!le limitation in Paragraph 3, a.' to pay and rations to officers and men only, when called out by the tate, does not curtail the significance of this big, little word, "EQUIP." 
Each provision of the Constitution is mandatory. "It i the province of an instrument of this solemn and permanent character, to e tablish tho e fundaruental maxims, and fix tho e unvarying rule, by which all d partments of the 
Government mu t at all times hape their conduct. ~Te are not, 
therefore, to expect to find in a Con titution provisions which the people, in adopting it, have not regarded a of high importance and worthy to be embraced in an instrument, which, for a time at lea t, is to control alike the Government and the governed, and to form a standard by which is to be measured the power, which C<'tll be exerci ed as well by the delegate as by the overeign people" them elve.. It is but fair to presume that the people, in their constitution, have expre sed them elves, in careful and measured terms, cOl'l'e ponding with the immense importanc of the power. delegated, and with a view to leave a little a 10' ible to implication." (qoole.y' Constitutional Limitation, page 94 and 95.) 
\Ve are to suppose, therefore, that the distingui hed author of the Constitution had a beneficial end in view; had a complete knowledge of the trength and extent of the word they mployed, and that, when they enacted thi' pithy and ea ily understood Article 10, they meant every word of it. 
We are to further suppose that the people of Georgia, whell they adopted this Constitution, by an overwhelming vote, meant that Arti Ie 10 should be carried ou t as soon as possible by the General A embly i not in its letter, but ir: its entire spirit; not parsimoniously, but liberally, becau.e "e sential to the peace and security of the I tate." 
o article of the onstitution i. of more importance than another; each i the equal of every other; all taken together make up the will of the people of Georgia. The General Assembly owe its exi!ltence to Article a; a volunteer force, thoroughly organized, dis iplined and equipped for all emergencie , should owe its existence to Article 10 j each of aid articles is mandatory. 
o is Article 5, whicll create. and defines the executive branch of the government. 
Paragraph 12, 'ection 1, of aid Article 5 declares, among the 
 
 39 
duties of Lbe Govel'llor, tbis; "He ball take care tbat the laws are faithfully executed, and shall be a conservator of tbe peace throughout the tate." How? By the aid of the military force of the 'tate, if necessary. 
Article 10 supplements and adds force to article 5; the latter makes a Govel'llor j the former makes the Governor strong; trong to execute tbe laws, strong to conserve the peace. 
How i all this to be carried out '? By annual appropriation, iust asis made for any other branch of the 'tate govel'llment. Article 7, Section 1, Paragraph 1, gives ample power to tax for this purpose. The General A embly has power therein conferred to tax 
"for the support of tbe tate government and the public institutions." 
Argument, surely, i not needed to demon trate tbat the volunteer force of the 'tate, constitutionally organized. i a "public institution," and is es entially a part of the executive branch of the government. 
It cannot be maintained that Georgia i too poor to appropriate money for this necessity. he could sell out her property at any time and payoff nearly, if not all, her deht-and her wealth is steadily increasing. 
A proper economy can bp exercised in such an appropriation, as in any other. 
There is a well defined distinction between economy and parsimony. 
"Economy avoid all "..aste and extravagance, and applies money to the be t advantage. ' 
"Parsimony is frugality carried to an extreme, involving meanne s of spirit and a sordid mode of living. ' 
Economy i a virtue. Par imony i a vice. Georgia ha been parsimoniou ; she should be economical in this, as in any other governmental nece 'sary expense. Wbat has the tate done, to carry into effect the Constitution of] 77, in this regard? In the se. ion of 1 78-79 and 1 80-81 certain laws were passed organizing the volunteer forces, which are now compri ed in tbe Code of ~eorgia, from Section 1103 (a) to ection 1103 (IT) inclusive; and then, in the. e ion of 1 4-85, this matter received considerable attention from tbe General. embly, and on the 13th of October, 1885, a very claborate statute was passed, amending tbe pr viotls Acts above mentioned, wbicb Act is embodied in Acts of ]884-85, page i4 to 8 inclusive, and providing for the entire organization, government and discipline of tbe troops of 
 
 40 
the. tate; and during the me se ion an Act wa a,l~o pa ed on the 17tb of October, 18 5 ( ee page 62), amending ection 1104 of tb ode, declaring tbe volunteer organization to be a portion of tbe militia of the Rtat ; the two Acts, taken togeth 1', di tingui bing the present force of the tate as the active militia. In thi military law of 1 5, the General A 'embly made quite an advance in carrying out the Con titution of 1 77. In ection 5 of said A t, on the subject of uniform', it struck out the clause in the old law requiring volunteer to uniform and equip them elve , at tbeir o'wn expense, and declared that a service uniform sbould b adopted, to be pre cribed by the GOY rnor, etc. 
Again, in  ection 14, the "military fund," which had been previou Iy 0 cbaracterized a a fund to be kept apart in the Treasury of the. tate, wa made to embrace "all mone,)' appropriated trom time to time, by the General As embly, for the support, maintenance 01' equipment of tbe 'tate volunteer forcc~," clearly indicating toat it \Va in the contemllation of tbe General A sembly to make appropriations to carry the 'aid law into effect. 
In ection 21 of said Act it wa' made the duty of the Governor to take immediate tep to gath r and collect together the arm, equipment and military property of the tate which had been i ued to command then disbanded, or 110 longer ill actual existence, and to bring 'uits upon bond, given to ecure the tate, for the i. uanee of uch arm, equilJment or military property j and in 'ection 22 the Advisory Board is created, iu' dutie. defined, and the ncce~sary xpens'. of ," if1 Board were dechu'ed to 'be a propel' charge, to he paid out of the military fund upon the Governor's warrant. 
'l'he:e law, theoretically, recognize the obligation re ting upon the Gen ral A embly, to carry into effect Article 10 of the COli. titution, and tbe volunteer command of the 'tate, organized in pUI uauce of aid law:;, or mad part of !:laid force, had a right to a' uDle that the. 'tate of Georgia would appropriate Ilfficiellt money to give vitality to 'aid enactm nts. 
It now I' main for the General A' 'embly to provide mean for all of the objec contemplated in said Iltws, in rl'latioll to the military force, or el e previous Legislatures will have clone a vain thing in enacting u h tatutes. 
The present for e of the Shlte is ill an exceedingly poor military condition; many conllLlund. are truggling to exist, in pite of adverse cir urn tance , but a large proportion of the fOrf'e is ill a pitiable condition, which reilect no credit upon the 'tate of G orgia. 
Although the Executive branch of the Government ha , for a 
 
 41 
great many years paqt, repeatedly urged upon the General embly, the maintenance and upport by the tate of thi important "public in titution," the ri"ht arm of the Governor, the military force, notably in 18.59, by overnor Jo eph E. Brown, in his me sage to the General Assembly, declaring that the military y tem wa th n neglected, more 0 in Georgia than in any of the original thirteen ,tates, and urging the tate to take charge of the organization and the training of said force, and recommending that a trlx be assessed and collected for this purpose; and 'ince the Constitution of 1 77, by the arn.. t mes' eYes of Governor )fcDaniel and Gordon, yet the General As embly ha been deaf to the appeal and advice of the Executive branch of the Government, and hltS not, a yet, appropriated one dollar for this important purpose. 
Without going into particular, it is well known that the majority of the tates of the American nion ha\'e, in the pa, t quarter of a century, and e peciaHy in the past ten year::;, recognized the importance of thi ubject, with the re ult of wellequipped, wi-trained bodie of men in each of the same, of whom the aid tate:; are ju ,tly proud, and for whom everything i provided by appropriation froID tbe tate Trea ury, from the canteen of the oldieI' to the armory of the regiment. Even the 'outhern late, not 0 pro perou as Georgia, have followed in the course marked out by th Northem, Iiddle and Western 'tate with the mo"t gratifyin" re 'ult. . an it be pre umed for one moment that the [ ople of Georgia, havin" recognized and declared mo t 'olemnly the n cessity of a imilar force in Georgia in order to maintain peace and "ood order within the borders of the tate, heeding the advice of the Father of hi ountry, "in time of pea e to prepare for war," intend that the present so-called military force in G orgia shall be di banded '? 
And yet, this is the i' ne now pl' sen ted. It i imply impo sible to maintain the pre 'ent for e, or any forc worthy of the nam ,nnle the 'tate of Georgia take hold of the matter, as other, 'tate~ have done, and regulates, maintains and upport it. If an experiment hould be tried, and the entire force of Georgia be di banded, we venture to a' ert that it would hortly become l.lece . 1'.1', in view of th di turbance of th peace, immediately conqequent, for th :/overnor to call an extra' ion of th General A 'embly to wake provisions for the erection of military command, 'upported utiI' Iy by the tate, '0 as to insure the pea e and ecurity of the dtizen of (ieor"ia, in their pel on and property. 
A heretofore hown, it was I oint d out to the General embIy, everal year ago, that thousand of dollat worth of arm, 
 
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the property of the tate, turned over to it b~y the nited tat overnment, were in th hand" of di banded command , or of 
command which hould be declared oi banded, and that thi 
property could ouly b recovered through the agency of the Adjutant and In pector (~eneral' offic ; and yet, not a dollar wa provid d for the expen of thi work, and.not even the po tage requir d by the officer in charge of ,aid department in COlT E!ponding concerning thi important matter. As it is now in pection are required by the military la\.... of the i:itate, to a certain the condition of the yariou ommftnd; yet, not a dollar i . provid d to pay the expen"e of the inspecting officer. and COD equentl;)' thi nece Silry function of the Adjutant and In pector General's office is poorly perfurmed. The Advisory Board is properly provided for, in the military law, as found nec sary by the experience of ;\'ear in other Rtate. , and i required to meet at the capital fro~J1 time to time, on the call of the Governor, having a general HUlleryi. ion over the yariou command of the tate j and 'et, not a dollar is provided for the nece :ary expen.e of the Advi"ory Board in obeying th order of the Hoyern '. 
We find that a fine military pirit i prevaleut in orne of the tate command. , and in others, where they had organized in gr at hop s of continued effi iency, that the military :,pirit ha been chilled by the neglect of th l:"tate to maintain nch cOIllllland, and that the re ult iR to-day that Georgia ha no mililary force worthy of tlJe name, and that ~omething fiUt be done for the credit of the. tat, or eh~, that the only tlJing reDlainin~ to be done by the Advi ory Board i to ternly and critically iu pet every command in the tat, and to take tep for tlJe di bandm nt of fully two-third of the same, as being unmilitary and inefficient, without, perhap , any fault of their own, but froIU force of circum tance. The Advi ory Board, animated by a d ireandintpntiontodoitsdut;)',i prparedtogotothi xtreme extent, and eyen further if necessary, but before doing so begs to recommend 3, absolutely nece ry, if the Con titution and tatut on this ubj ct are to be canied out in their I tter and spirit; 
Fir. t. That the Adjutant aud Insp ctor General's office hould be properly orgauized and maintained, as being the source from whi h mn t come efficiency, amI to thi end the Adjutant and In 'pcctor General should r ceive a salary, performing, as he doe at the same time, the duty of Keeper of Public Buildings, of two thousanC: ( 2,000) dollars per annum, and that there b added to this office an A 'i tant Adjutant and Inspector General, with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, who 'ball also be in tructor in ritle practic , with a salary of twelve lJundred 
 
 43 
( 1,200) dollars per annum, and that the sum of eighteen hundred (1,800) dollars pel' annum be provided for all the expenses of aid department, including traveling, tationery, report, expenses of the Advi ory Board, and verything necessary to maintain tills department, to be expended under of the Governor, making in all five thousand ($5,000) dollars pel' annum appropriated for the Adjutant and Inspector General's department. We consider this a necessary minimum amount to run this department, and we are satisfied that it will be economy for th~ State to expend it, and it would simply increa e the expenses of said department thirty-fiYe hundred (S3,500) dollars, inasmuch as the alaryof the Adjutant and Inspector General now, he being also Keeper of Public Buildings is fifteen hundred ( 1,500) dollar. 
Second. W recomm nd that the um of two hundred ( 200) dollars per annum be appropriated to each company of the for e, as organized under the present law, to provide for all expenses of said company, 11"01Jided, that said company shall not receive said amoullt, uule s it shall present, upon regular inspection, at least the minimum active uniformed "trength required by law, and shall lJe reported by the inspecting officer a being in a good military condition, including its arms and equipments. 
rrhird. We recommend tlJat, in order to properly train the force of the State, and to make it a practical and efficient body, annual encampments be provided for, so that each command hall be ordered for one week, by the Governor, into camp, there to be driUed, disciplined and taught the practical duties of camp life i to tlJis end we recommend that two (2) camping ground. be provided, one in the upper portion of the 'tate and one on the coast, the use of said camping ground' to be donated to the tate, upon bid' to be invited by the Advisory Board, and selections to be made by said Board, and we feel satisfied that in this way the 
tate can acquire a lea e, say for ninety-nine (99) years, to two camping grounds well located, and ample in their dimensions and suitable for all purposes, and we recommend that thereafter the State shall maintain the same, providing teuts and everything else nece sary, and pay to the troop, when called out in thi active ervice in said annual camps of instruction, the following compen tion pel' diem: non-commi iODed officers, mu icians and private one ~1) dollar, Lieutenants two (2) dollar I Captains and field officers three (3) dollars, aod one ration for each officer ancl man, and that transportation shall be furnished to the officer, men and hoI' 'es, from their home. to the camp and return. 
Fourth. We recommend, also, that a simple and servicable uniform be adopted for the entire force of the State. In this connection we note thl1t the tendency of the force throughout 
 
 the tate i toward simplicity in uniform, following the modern idea in Enrope and America on this subje t. 'Ve do not ask that the, tatl:' provide this uniform j'et, though it should do it. The uniform, however, houlel be pre cribed, and one year' experien'e c.'ttl enable the Adjutant and In pector Cieneral to report how far the said uniform can be provided, ill addition to the other dcmand upon hi department, from the supplies of the general government, and then further lelri lation can be had in thL' regard. In thi connection, however, ther~ hould be furni hed to each command a 'oon a po sible canteen , haversack, knapsack and blanket, so that when a command is ordered out by the Governor it will be in immediatl:' condition to go wher needed. A it i now, the Advi ory Board tind that there is not a canteen or a haversack, a knapsack or a llanket, furnished by the tate of n(orgia to it. troops. 
Fifth. As to the matter of ammunition, ther' is a grave want felt j rift practice i neglected, and among the few command wher it is to ome extent looked after, the ammunition for the same i in a large part pur has d hy the command, or the members ther of. 'fhi 'hould not be. ufficient ammunition hould be furoi hed at once and continuou -I,\' for the purpo e of rifle practice j the command hould be compelled, not only to parade for rifle pra -tice annually, but al 0 to be in tru ted in the same at lea t ten (10) time. a 'year, with th core takeu down and reported to the As i tant Adjutant and In pector Ueneral, .0 that aid report can be ouden,'ed and in this way the efficiency of the for<: be largelj' increa ed It is no uncommon thing to find members of the various commands who ar not only unfamiliar with the weapon, uut who are totally ignorantof it u es, and can merely handle the alOe in the manual of arms. Thi ammuniti n should be furni hed by the tate, and for thi purpos a sum of at lea t tweuty-five hundred (~2,.'iOO) dollars annually hould be appropriat d, a' an experiment in order to a certain what hould be the true amount to accompli'h the end' de ired, and we fe I sati ti d that the tabulated report from the Adjutant an(1 In pector General' offi e at the end of two yeal' would demon trate that it had been a wis exp nditnre. 
j.-!ll. We earne tl recommend that all 01 the arm. belonging to the 'tate of (teOl'gia, not in the hands of commands recogllbr.ed as a part of the existing force, be gathered in by th Adjutant ann In 'pector General' d partment a oon a po ibl, to be di posed of::t th (+overnor may direct, either by Ie, exchange, 01' to be used in arming other command, and that uit be brought by the tate, upon the bond of officel , for gun 10 t and unac ounted for, 
 
 45 
 
The Advisory Board recommend, in conclu ion, that the 
 
I'tate appropriate the UJ1l of twenty-five thousand (25,000) 
 
dollar annnally for all the purpo e indicated in thi report. Thi 
 
i not enough, hut it will put the force in fail' con lition. When 
 
compared with the annual appropriations of such 'tate a _ ew 
 
York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Connecticnt and Ma achusetts 
 
it i an in ignificant um. It mu t b noted that Georgia, a a 
 
purely agricultural 'tate, with large plantation and farms, 
 
worked under the y tern of lltvery, i not the Georgia of to-day, 
 
with her founderie", machinE' 'hop, factories and diver ified 
 
manufacturing establi hm nt , her mine of coal, iron, gold and 
 
other mineral, her quarri s of marble, slate and granite, and her 
 
va t tran portaLion ompanie. 
 
Georgia's p(lpulation i now mixed b . immiO'ration from other 
 
State and from foreign countrie , and it is apparent that the 
 
framer of the Con titution of 1 77 were wise in declaring a 
 
military force to be" ential to the p ace and ecurityof the 
 
tate." 
 
Respectfully ubmitLed, 
 
J. M IN'l'O H ICELL, 
 
Adjutant and In 'rector General, Chairman. 
 
EO. A. MERCER, 
 
Colonel Fir t Volunteer Regiment of Georgia. 
 
HA . H. OL I TEAD, 
 
Quart r-Ma tel' General. 
 
'VILLIA:.\f GARRARD, 
 
Lieutenant Colonel Savannah Volunteer Guards Battalion. 
 
W 1. F. JO TE , 
 
Lieutenant olonel rTinth Battalion Georgia Volunteers. 
 
W.DANIEL, 
 
Aide de Camp to Governor. 
 
JNO. C. HAR'r, 
 
feruber of Advi ory Board. 
 
J~O. IILLEDGE, 
 
Captain Commandin~Governor's Horse Guard. 
 
. P. GILBERT, 
 
Military Advi ory Board. 
 
A. C. ~EED 
 
"}filitary Advi ory Board.