Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 31 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Columbia, Lincoln, Richmond Page 1 Physician Specialty Allergy & Immunology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 1.4 1.5 1.4 0.8 1.7 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.7 1.3 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 16 5.2 Physician Need 4 Status Surplus: 12 5 Surplus: 11 4 Surplus: 12 2 Surplus: 14 5 Surplus: 11 4 Surplus: 12 3 Surplus: 13 4 Surplus: 12 5 Surplus: 11 4 Surplus: 12 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 4 5 4 2 5 4 3 4 5 4 Physician Specialty Anesthesiology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 14.0 9.7 9.1 8.9 5.9 3.9 9.0 7.0 7.6 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 80 26.0 Physician Need 43 Status Surplus: 37 30 Surplus: 50 28 Surplus: 52 27 Surplus: 53 18 Surplus: 62 12 Surplus: 68 28 Surplus: 52 22 Surplus: 58 23 Surplus: 57 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 43 30 28 28 18 12 28 22 24 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 31 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Columbia, Lincoln, Richmond Page 2 Physician Specialty Cardiovascular Diseases National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 7.5 5.4 5.0 3.1 3.0 1.8 2.9 3.6 2.6 4.2 3.5 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 63 20.5 Physician Need 23 Status Surplus: 40 17 Surplus: 46 15 Surplus: 48 10 Surplus: 53 9 Surplus: 54 6 Surplus: 57 9 Surplus: 54 11 Surplus: 52 8 Surplus: 55 13 Surplus: 50 11 Surplus: 52 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 23 17 16 10 9 6 9 11 8 13 11 Physician Specialty Dermatology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.7 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.6 1.6 1.4 2.1 3.1 2.4 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 20 6.5 Physician Need 11 Status Surplus: 9 9 Surplus: 11 8 Surplus: 12 9 Surplus: 11 8 Surplus: 12 7 Surplus: 13 8 Surplus: 12 5 Surplus: 15 4 Surplus: 16 6 Surplus: 14 10 Surplus: 10 7 Surplus: 13 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 11 9 8 9 8 7 8 5 4 7 10 7 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 31 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Columbia, Lincoln, Richmond Page 3 Physician Specialty Emergency Medicine National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 10.5 5.5 5.2 5.4 6.7 5.3 2.7 12.4 6.2 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 78 25.4 Physician Need 32 Status Surplus: 46 17 Surplus: 61 16 Surplus: 62 17 Surplus: 61 21 Surplus: 57 16 Surplus: 62 8 Surplus: 70 38 Surplus: 40 19 Surplus: 59 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 33 17 16 17 21 16 8 38 19 Physician Specialty Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism National Physician Standards* Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. AMA 1.8 Two Mature HMO 1.1 Adjusted FTE 1.0 GMENAC 0.8 Kaiser Portland 0.9 7 Kaiser Plans 1.1 GHC Seattle Three HMOs 0.6 Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement 0.9 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 12 3.9 Physician Need 6 Status Surplus: 6 3 Surplus: 9 3 Surplus: 9 2 Surplus: 10 3 Surplus: 9 3 Surplus: 9 2 Surplus: 10 3 Surplus: 9 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 6 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 31 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Columbia, Lincoln, Richmond Page 4 Physician Specialty Family Practice National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 31.5 45.6 42.6 25.2 16.7 11.0 9.2 16.2 22.5 23.6 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 137 44.6 Physician Need 97 Status Surplus: 40 140 Deficit: -3 131 Surplus: 6 77 Surplus: 60 51 Surplus: 86 34 Surplus: 103 28 Surplus: 109 50 Surplus: 87 69 Surplus: 68 73 Surplus: 64 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 98 142 132 78 52 34 29 50 70 73 Physician Specialty Gastroenterology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 4.2 3.1 3.2 1.7 1.7 1.3 3.5 2.4 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 27 8.8 Physician Need 13 Status Surplus: 14 10 Surplus: 17 10 Surplus: 17 5 Surplus: 22 5 Surplus: 22 4 Surplus: 23 11 Surplus: 16 7 Surplus: 20 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 13 10 10 5 5 4 11 7 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 31 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Columbia, Lincoln, Richmond Page 5 Physician Specialty Hematology/Oncology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.5 2.5 2.4 3.6 2.3 1.8 1.6 2.6 1.2 1.1 2.1 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 5 1.6 Physician Need 11 Status Deficit: -6 8 Deficit: -3 7 Deficit: -2 11 Deficit: -6 7 Deficit: -2 6 Deficit: -1 5 Adequate 0 8 Deficit: -3 4 Surplus: 1 3 Surplus: 2 6 Deficit: -1 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 11 8 7 11 7 6 5 8 4 3 7 Physician Specialty Infectious Disease National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 2.2 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.2 0.7 0.6 0.8 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 16 5.2 Physician Need 7 Status Surplus: 9 2 Surplus: 14 2 Surplus: 14 3 Surplus: 13 4 Surplus: 12 2 Surplus: 14 2 Surplus: 14 2 Surplus: 14 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 7 2 2 3 4 2 2 2 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 31 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Columbia, Lincoln, Richmond Page 6 Physician Specialty Internal Medicine National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 53.1 21.4 20.0 28.8 28.1 30.3 16.7 11.3 19.0 22.0 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 138 44.9 Physician Need 163 Status Deficit: -25 66 Surplus: 72 61 Surplus: 77 89 Surplus: 49 86 Surplus: 52 93 Surplus: 45 51 Surplus: 87 35 Surplus: 103 58 Surplus: 80 68 Surplus: 70 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 165 66 62 89 87 94 52 35 59 68 Physician Specialty Nephrology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 2.6 1.4 1.3 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 1.0 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 31 10.1 Physician Need 8 Status Surplus: 23 4 Surplus: 27 4 Surplus: 27 3 Surplus: 28 2 Surplus: 29 2 Surplus: 29 3 Surplus: 28 2 Surplus: 29 3 Surplus: 28 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 8 4 4 3 2 2 3 2 3 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 31 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Columbia, Lincoln, Richmond Page 7 Physician Specialty Neurological Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 1.9 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.4 0.4 0.7 1.0 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 17 5.5 Physician Need 6 Status Surplus: 11 3 Surplus: 14 3 Surplus: 14 3 Surplus: 14 4 Surplus: 13 1 Surplus: 16 2 Surplus: 15 3 Surplus: 14 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 6 3 3 3 4 1 2 3 Physician Specialty Neurology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 5.0 2.4 2.3 3.3 1.3 1.7 1.2 2.1 1.4 1.8 1.9 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 39 12.7 Physician Need 15 Status Surplus: 24 7 Surplus: 32 7 Surplus: 32 10 Surplus: 29 4 Surplus: 35 5 Surplus: 34 4 Surplus: 35 6 Surplus: 33 4 Surplus: 35 6 Surplus: 33 6 Surplus: 33 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 16 7 7 10 4 5 4 7 4 6 6 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 31 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Columbia, Lincoln, Richmond Page 8 Physician Specialty OB/GYN National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 14.1 12.1 11.3 9.9 11.6 11.5 10.0 8.8 8.4 8.0 10.2 10.2 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 67 21.8 Physician Need 43 Status Surplus: 24 37 Surplus: 30 35 Surplus: 32 30 Surplus: 37 36 Surplus: 31 35 Surplus: 32 31 Surplus: 36 27 Surplus: 40 26 Surplus: 41 25 Surplus: 42 31 Surplus: 36 31 Surplus: 36 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 44 38 35 31 36 36 31 27 26 25 32 32 Physician Specialty Opthalmology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 6.0 5.9 5.5 4.6 2.4 3.1 5.0 3.5 3.2 4.7 4.2 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 34 11.1 Physician Need 18 Status Surplus: 16 18 Surplus: 16 17 Surplus: 17 14 Surplus: 20 7 Surplus: 27 10 Surplus: 24 15 Surplus: 19 11 Surplus: 23 10 Surplus: 24 14 Surplus: 20 13 Surplus: 21 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 19 18 17 14 7 10 16 11 10 15 13 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 31 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Columbia, Lincoln, Richmond Page 9 Physician Specialty Orthopedic Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 8.3 6.8 6.4 6.0 5.9 4.2 6.7 3.0 5.9 4.2 6.1 5.5 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 54 17.6 Physician Need 26 Status Surplus: 28 21 Surplus: 33 20 Surplus: 34 18 Surplus: 36 18 Surplus: 36 13 Surplus: 41 21 Surplus: 33 9 Surplus: 45 18 Surplus: 36 13 Surplus: 41 19 Surplus: 35 17 Surplus: 37 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 26 21 20 19 18 13 21 9 18 13 19 17 Physician Specialty Otolaryngology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.4 2.4 3.0 3.0 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 25 8.1 Physician Need 10 Status Surplus: 15 10 Surplus: 15 10 Surplus: 15 10 Surplus: 15 7 Surplus: 18 9 Surplus: 16 9 Surplus: 16 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 11 10 10 11 7 9 9 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 31 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Columbia, Lincoln, Richmond Page 10 Physician Specialty Pathology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 6.3 1.9 1.8 6.4 3.3 1.8 4.1 3.2 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 35 11.4 Physician Need 19 Status Surplus: 16 6 Surplus: 29 6 Surplus: 29 20 Surplus: 15 10 Surplus: 25 6 Surplus: 29 13 Surplus: 22 10 Surplus: 25 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 20 6 6 20 10 6 13 10 Physician Specialty Pediatrics National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 24.9 16.6 15.5 12.4 11.9 16.0 9.8 7.6 13.9 13.0 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 98 31.9 Physician Need 77 Status Surplus: 21 51 Surplus: 47 48 Surplus: 50 38 Surplus: 60 37 Surplus: 61 49 Surplus: 49 30 Surplus: 68 23 Surplus: 75 43 Surplus: 55 40 Surplus: 58 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 77 52 48 38 37 50 30 24 43 40 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 31 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Columbia, Lincoln, Richmond Page 11 Physician Specialty Plastic Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 2.4 1.1 0.3 0.4 1.1 2.3 2.2 1.2 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 17 5.5 Physician Need 7 Status Surplus: 10 3 Surplus: 14 1 Surplus: 16 1 Surplus: 16 3 Surplus: 14 7 Surplus: 10 7 Surplus: 10 4 Surplus: 13 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 7 3 1 1 3 7 7 4 Physician Specialty Psychiatry National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 13.6 7.7 7.2 15.4 5.2 4.1 7.2 3.9 5.7 7.1 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 74 24.1 Physician Need 42 Status Surplus: 32 24 Surplus: 50 22 Surplus: 52 47 Surplus: 27 16 Surplus: 58 13 Surplus: 61 22 Surplus: 52 12 Surplus: 62 18 Surplus: 56 22 Surplus: 52 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 42 24 22 48 16 13 22 12 18 22 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 31 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Columbia, Lincoln, Richmond Page 12 Physician Specialty Pulmonary Diseases National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.5 2.0 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.5 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 25 8.1 Physician Need 11 Status Surplus: 14 6 Surplus: 19 6 Surplus: 19 4 Surplus: 21 4 Surplus: 21 3 Surplus: 22 4 Surplus: 21 4 Surplus: 21 4 Surplus: 21 5 Surplus: 20 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 11 6 6 4 4 3 4 4 4 5 Physician Specialty Radiology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 11.4 13.6 13.7 7.7 8.5 4.7 7.7 8.0 9.1 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 61 19.8 Physician Need 35 Status Surplus: 26 42 Surplus: 19 42 Surplus: 19 24 Surplus: 37 26 Surplus: 35 14 Surplus: 47 24 Surplus: 37 25 Surplus: 36 28 Surplus: 33 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 35 42 43 24 26 15 24 25 28 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 31 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Columbia, Lincoln, Richmond Page 13 Physician Specialty Rheumatology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 1.5 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.4 1.3 0.8 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 12 3.9 Physician Need 5 Status Surplus: 7 3 Surplus: 9 3 Surplus: 9 2 Surplus: 10 1 Surplus: 11 2 Surplus: 10 2 Surplus: 10 1 Surplus: 11 4 Surplus: 8 2 Surplus: 10 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 5 3 3 2 1 2 2 1 4 2 Physician Specialty General Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 12.5 9.4 8.8 9.7 7.0 6.2 5.9 4.2 9.7 4.1 6.0 7.1 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 54 17.6 Physician Need 38 Status Surplus: 16 29 Surplus: 25 27 Surplus: 27 30 Surplus: 24 22 Surplus: 32 19 Surplus: 35 18 Surplus: 36 13 Surplus: 41 30 Surplus: 24 13 Surplus: 41 18 Surplus: 36 22 Surplus: 32 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 39 29 27 30 22 19 18 13 30 13 19 22 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 31 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Columbia, Lincoln, Richmond Page 14 Physician Specialty Thoracic Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 1.5 0.8 0.1 0.5 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 4 1.3 Physician Need 5 Status Deficit: -1 2 Surplus: 2 0 Surplus: 4 2 Surplus: 2 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 5 2 0 2 Physician Specialty Urology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.3 2.3 2.9 2.6 1.9 2.9 2.9 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 307,473 18 5.9 Physician Need 11 Status Surplus: 7 11 Surplus: 7 10 Surplus: 8 10 Surplus: 8 10 Surplus: 8 7 Surplus: 11 9 Surplus: 9 8 Surplus: 10 6 Surplus: 12 9 Surplus: 9 9 Surplus: 9 2015 Projected Population 310,389 Physician Need 11 11 10 10 10 7 9 8 6 9 9 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 31 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Columbia, Lincoln, Richmond Page 15 Report created by Georgia Board for Physician Workforce, State of Georgia *Standards are presented as rates per 100,000 population (1) McClendon, B., R.Polizer, E. Christain, and E. Fernandez. 1997. Downsizing the Physician Workforce. Public Health Reports. May/June 112:231-239. (2) Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee Summary Report. 1981. Pub. No. (HRA) 81-651. Washington: Government Printing Office. (3) American Medical Association. 1996. Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the US: 1995/1996. Chicago. (4) American Osteopathic Association. 1993. 1994 Yearbook and Directory of Osteopathic Physicians. Chicago. (5) Hart, L., E. Wagner, J. Parzada, A.Nelson, and R.Rosenblah. 1997. Physician Staffing Ratios in Staff- Model HMO's: A Cautionary Tale, Health Affairs 16, no. 1:55-70. (6) Weiner, J.P. 1994 Forecasting the Effects of Health Reform on U.S. Physician Workforce Requirement. JAMA 272, no. 3:222-230. (7) Steinwachs, D., J.P. Weiner, S. Shapiro, et al. 1986. A Comparison of the Requirements for Primary Care Physicians in with Projections Made by the Graduate Medical National Advisory Committee. New England Journal of Medicine 314:217-222. (8) Kronick, R., D.C. Goodman, J. Wennberg, and E.Wagner. 1993. The Marketplace in Health Care Reform: The Demographic Limitations of Managed Competition. New England Journal of Medicine 328:1480152. See also, related NAPS Document 04998. (9) Vansdow, N.A. The Physician Workforce: Issues for Academic Medical Centers. Forum on the Future of Academic Medicine. December 2, 1996. (10) Forte, G.J., Dionne, M., Beaulieu, M., and Salsberg, E. Profile of New York State Physicians. Rensselaer, NY: Center for Health Workforce Studies, School of Public Health, SUNY Albany. April 2001. (11) A Review of Physician-to-Population Ratios. Merritt Hawkins & Associates. GMENAC, Goodman (Dec. 11, 1996 JAMA), Hicks & Glenn (1989 Journal of Health Care Management), Solucient (2003). (12) American Medical Association. Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the US, 2010 Edition; 2010.