Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 25 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Gwinnett Page 1 Physician Specialty Allergy & Immunology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 1.4 1.5 1.4 0.8 1.7 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.7 1.3 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 1 0.1 Physician Need 10 Status Deficit: -9 11 Deficit: -10 10 Deficit: -9 6 Deficit: -5 12 Deficit: -11 9 Deficit: -8 8 Deficit: -7 9 Deficit: -8 12 Deficit: -11 9 Deficit: -8 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 11 12 11 7 14 10 9 11 14 11 Physician Specialty Anesthesiology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 14.0 9.7 9.1 8.9 5.9 3.9 9.0 7.0 7.6 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 38 5.3 Physician Need 101 Status Deficit: -63 70 Deficit: -32 66 Deficit: -28 64 Deficit: -26 42 Deficit: -4 28 Surplus: 10 65 Deficit: -27 50 Deficit: -12 55 Deficit: -17 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 115 80 75 73 48 32 74 57 62 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 25 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Gwinnett Page 2 Physician Specialty Cardiovascular Diseases National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 7.5 5.4 5.0 3.1 3.0 1.8 2.9 3.6 2.6 4.2 3.5 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 30 4.2 Physician Need 54 Status Deficit: -24 39 Deficit: -9 36 Deficit: -6 22 Surplus: 8 22 Surplus: 8 13 Surplus: 17 21 Surplus: 9 26 Surplus: 4 19 Surplus: 11 30 Adequate 0 25 Surplus: 5 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 62 44 41 25 25 15 24 30 21 35 29 Physician Specialty Dermatology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.7 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.6 1.6 1.4 2.1 3.1 2.4 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 17 2.4 Physician Need 27 Status Deficit: -10 20 Deficit: -3 19 Deficit: -2 20 Deficit: -3 18 Deficit: -1 17 Adequate 0 19 Deficit: -2 12 Surplus: 5 10 Surplus: 7 15 Surplus: 2 23 Deficit: -6 17 Adequate 0 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 30 23 21 23 21 20 21 13 11 17 26 20 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 25 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Gwinnett Page 3 Physician Specialty Emergency Medicine National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 10.5 5.5 5.2 5.4 6.7 5.3 2.7 12.4 6.2 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 43 6.0 Physician Need 76 Status Deficit: -33 40 Surplus: 3 37 Surplus: 6 39 Surplus: 4 48 Deficit: -5 38 Surplus: 5 19 Surplus: 24 89 Deficit: -46 45 Deficit: -2 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 86 45 43 44 55 44 22 102 51 Physician Specialty Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism National Physician Standards* Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. AMA 1.8 Two Mature HMO 1.1 Adjusted FTE 1.0 GMENAC 0.8 Kaiser Portland 0.9 7 Kaiser Plans 1.1 GHC Seattle Three HMOs 0.6 Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement 0.9 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 9 1.2 Physician Need 13 Status Deficit: -4 8 Surplus: 1 7 Surplus: 2 6 Surplus: 3 6 Surplus: 3 8 Surplus: 1 4 Surplus: 5 6 Surplus: 3 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 15 9 8 7 7 9 5 7 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 25 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Gwinnett Page 4 Physician Specialty Family Practice National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 31.5 45.6 42.6 25.2 16.7 11.0 9.2 16.2 22.5 23.6 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 146 20.3 Physician Need 227 Status Deficit: -81 328 Deficit: -182 307 Deficit: -161 181 Deficit: -35 120 Surplus: 26 79 Surplus: 67 66 Surplus: 80 117 Surplus: 29 162 Deficit: -16 170 Deficit: -24 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 259 374 350 207 137 90 76 133 185 194 Physician Specialty Gastroenterology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 4.2 3.1 3.2 1.7 1.7 1.3 3.5 2.4 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 15 2.1 Physician Need 30 Status Deficit: -15 22 Deficit: -7 23 Deficit: -8 12 Surplus: 3 12 Surplus: 3 9 Surplus: 6 25 Deficit: -10 17 Deficit: -2 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 34 25 26 14 14 11 29 20 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 25 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Gwinnett Page 5 Physician Specialty Infectious Disease National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 2.2 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.2 0.7 0.6 0.8 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 4 0.6 Physician Need 16 Status Deficit: -12 5 Deficit: -1 4 Adequate 0 6 Deficit: -2 9 Deficit: -5 5 Deficit: -1 4 Adequate 0 6 Deficit: -2 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 18 6 5 7 10 6 5 7 Physician Specialty Internal Medicine National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 53.1 21.4 20.0 28.8 28.1 30.3 16.7 11.3 19.0 22.0 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 138 19.2 Physician Need 382 Status Deficit: -244 154 Deficit: -16 144 Deficit: -6 207 Deficit: -69 202 Deficit: -64 218 Deficit: -80 120 Surplus: 18 81 Surplus: 57 137 Surplus: 1 158 Deficit: -20 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 436 176 164 236 231 249 137 93 156 181 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 25 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Gwinnett Page 6 Physician Specialty Nephrology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 2.6 1.4 1.3 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 1.0 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 12 1.7 Physician Need 19 Status Deficit: -7 10 Surplus: 2 9 Surplus: 3 8 Surplus: 4 6 Surplus: 6 5 Surplus: 7 6 Surplus: 6 5 Surplus: 7 7 Surplus: 5 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 21 11 11 9 7 6 7 6 8 Physician Specialty Neurological Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 1.9 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.4 0.4 0.7 1.0 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 5 0.7 Physician Need 14 Status Deficit: -9 8 Deficit: -3 7 Deficit: -2 8 Deficit: -3 10 Deficit: -5 3 Surplus: 2 5 Adequate 0 7 Deficit: -2 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 16 9 8 9 11 3 6 8 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 25 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Gwinnett Page 7 Physician Specialty Neurology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 5.0 2.4 2.3 3.3 1.3 1.7 1.2 2.1 1.4 1.8 1.9 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 14 1.9 Physician Need 36 Status Deficit: -22 17 Deficit: -3 17 Deficit: -3 24 Deficit: -10 9 Surplus: 5 12 Surplus: 2 9 Surplus: 5 15 Deficit: -1 10 Surplus: 4 13 Surplus: 1 14 Adequate 0 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 41 20 19 27 11 14 10 17 11 15 16 Physician Specialty OB/GYN National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 14.1 12.1 11.3 9.9 11.6 11.5 10.0 8.8 8.4 8.0 10.2 10.2 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 61 8.5 Physician Need 102 Status Deficit: -41 87 Deficit: -26 81 Deficit: -20 71 Deficit: -10 84 Deficit: -23 83 Deficit: -22 72 Deficit: -11 63 Deficit: -2 60 Surplus: 1 58 Surplus: 3 73 Deficit: -12 73 Deficit: -12 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 116 99 93 81 95 94 82 72 69 66 83 84 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 25 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Gwinnett Page 8 Physician Specialty Opthalmology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 6.0 5.9 5.5 4.6 2.4 3.1 5.0 3.5 3.2 4.7 4.2 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 14 1.9 Physician Need 43 Status Deficit: -29 42 Deficit: -28 40 Deficit: -26 33 Deficit: -19 17 Deficit: -3 22 Deficit: -8 36 Deficit: -22 25 Deficit: -11 23 Deficit: -9 34 Deficit: -20 30 Deficit: -16 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 49 48 45 38 20 25 41 29 26 39 34 Physician Specialty Orthopedic Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 8.3 6.8 6.4 6.0 5.9 4.2 6.7 3.0 5.9 4.2 6.1 5.5 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 29 4.0 Physician Need 60 Status Deficit: -31 49 Deficit: -20 46 Deficit: -17 43 Deficit: -14 42 Deficit: -13 30 Deficit: -1 48 Deficit: -19 22 Surplus: 7 42 Deficit: -13 30 Deficit: -1 44 Deficit: -15 40 Deficit: -11 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 68 56 53 49 48 34 55 25 48 34 50 45 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 25 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Gwinnett Page 9 Physician Specialty Otolaryngology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.4 2.4 3.0 3.0 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 9 1.2 Physician Need 24 Status Deficit: -15 23 Deficit: -14 23 Deficit: -14 24 Deficit: -15 17 Deficit: -8 22 Deficit: -13 22 Deficit: -13 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 28 26 26 28 20 25 25 Physician Specialty Pathology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 6.3 1.9 1.8 6.4 3.3 1.8 4.1 3.2 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 7 1.0 Physician Need 45 Status Deficit: -38 14 Deficit: -7 13 Deficit: -6 46 Deficit: -39 24 Deficit: -17 13 Deficit: -6 30 Deficit: -23 23 Deficit: -16 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 52 16 15 53 27 15 34 26 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 25 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Gwinnett Page 10 Physician Specialty Pediatrics National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 24.9 16.6 15.5 12.4 11.9 16.0 9.8 7.6 13.9 13.0 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 138 19.2 Physician Need 179 Status Deficit: -41 120 Surplus: 18 112 Surplus: 26 89 Surplus: 49 86 Surplus: 52 115 Surplus: 23 71 Surplus: 67 55 Surplus: 83 100 Surplus: 38 94 Surplus: 44 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 204 136 127 102 98 131 80 62 114 107 Physician Specialty Plastic Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 2.4 1.1 0.3 0.4 1.1 2.3 2.2 1.2 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 12 1.7 Physician Need 17 Status Deficit: -5 8 Surplus: 4 2 Surplus: 10 3 Surplus: 9 8 Surplus: 4 17 Deficit: -5 16 Deficit: -4 9 Surplus: 3 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 20 9 2 3 9 19 18 10 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 25 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Gwinnett Page 11 Physician Specialty Psychiatry National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 13.6 7.7 7.2 15.4 5.2 4.1 7.2 3.9 5.7 7.1 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 43 6.0 Physician Need 98 Status Deficit: -55 55 Deficit: -12 52 Deficit: -9 111 Deficit: -68 37 Surplus: 6 30 Surplus: 13 52 Deficit: -9 28 Surplus: 15 41 Surplus: 2 51 Deficit: -8 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 112 63 59 126 43 34 59 32 47 58 Physician Specialty Pulmonary Diseases National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.5 2.0 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.5 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 12 1.7 Physician Need 25 Status Deficit: -13 14 Deficit: -2 14 Deficit: -2 10 Surplus: 2 10 Surplus: 2 7 Surplus: 5 10 Surplus: 2 10 Surplus: 2 9 Surplus: 3 11 Surplus: 1 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 29 16 16 11 11 8 11 11 11 12 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 25 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Gwinnett Page 12 Physician Specialty Radiology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 11.4 13.6 13.7 7.7 8.5 4.7 7.7 8.0 9.1 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 37 5.1 Physician Need 82 Status Deficit: -45 98 Deficit: -61 99 Deficit: -62 55 Deficit: -18 61 Deficit: -24 34 Surplus: 3 55 Deficit: -18 58 Deficit: -21 66 Deficit: -29 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 94 112 112 63 70 39 63 66 75 Physician Specialty Rheumatology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 1.5 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.4 1.3 0.8 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 5 0.7 Physician Need 11 Status Deficit: -6 8 Deficit: -3 7 Deficit: -2 5 Adequate 0 3 Surplus: 2 5 Adequate 0 5 Adequate 0 3 Surplus: 2 10 Deficit: -5 6 Deficit: -1 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 12 9 8 6 3 6 6 3 11 7 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 25 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Gwinnett Page 13 Physician Specialty General Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 12.5 9.4 8.8 9.7 7.0 6.2 5.9 4.2 9.7 4.1 6.0 7.1 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 24 3.3 Physician Need 90 Status Deficit: -66 68 Deficit: -44 63 Deficit: -39 70 Deficit: -46 50 Deficit: -26 45 Deficit: -21 42 Deficit: -18 30 Deficit: -6 70 Deficit: -46 30 Deficit: -6 43 Deficit: -19 51 Deficit: -27 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 103 77 72 80 57 51 48 34 80 34 49 58 Physician Specialty Thoracic Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 1.5 0.8 0.1 0.5 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 1 0.1 Physician Need 11 Status Deficit: -10 6 Deficit: -5 1 Adequate 0 4 Deficit: -3 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 12 7 1 4 Georgia Physician Workforce: PCSA Reports - 2008 25 PCSA Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Gwinnett Page 14 Physician Specialty Urology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.3 2.3 2.9 2.6 1.9 2.9 2.9 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 720,076 11 1.5 Physician Need 25 Status Deficit: -14 25 Deficit: -14 24 Deficit: -13 22 Deficit: -11 24 Deficit: -13 17 Deficit: -6 21 Deficit: -10 19 Deficit: -8 14 Deficit: -3 21 Deficit: -10 21 Deficit: -10 2015 Projected Population 820,960 Physician Need 29 29 27 25 27 19 24 21 16 23 24 Report created by Georgia Board for Physician Workforce, State of Georgia *Standards are presented as rates per 100,000 population (1) McClendon, B., R.Polizer, E. Christain, and E. Fernandez. 1997. Downsizing the Physician Workforce. Public Health Reports. May/June 112:231-239. (2) Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee Summary Report. 1981. Pub. No. (HRA) 81-651. Washington: Government Printing Office. (3) American Medical Association. 1996. Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the US: 1995/1996. Chicago. (4) American Osteopathic Association. 1993. 1994 Yearbook and Directory of Osteopathic Physicians. Chicago. (5) Hart, L., E. Wagner, J. Parzada, A.Nelson, and R.Rosenblah. 1997. Physician Staffing Ratios in Staff- Model HMO's: A Cautionary Tale, Health Affairs 16, no. 1:55-70. (6) Weiner, J.P. 1994 Forecasting the Effects of Health Reform on U.S. Physician Workforce Requirement. JAMA 272, no. 3:222-230. (7) Steinwachs, D., J.P. Weiner, S. Shapiro, et al. 1986. A Comparison of the Requirements for Primary Care Physicians in with Projections Made by the Graduate Medical National Advisory Committee. New England Journal of Medicine 314:217-222. (8) Kronick, R., D.C. Goodman, J. Wennberg, and E.Wagner. 1993. The Marketplace in Health Care Reform: The Demographic Limitations of Managed Competition. New England Journal of Medicine 328:1480152. See also, related NAPS Document 04998. (9) Vansdow, N.A. The Physician Workforce: Issues for Academic Medical Centers. Forum on the Future of Academic Medicine. December 2, 1996. (10) Forte, G.J., Dionne, M., Beaulieu, M., and Salsberg, E. Profile of New York State Physicians. Rensselaer, NY: Center for Health Workforce Studies, School of Public Health, SUNY Albany. April 2001. (11) A Review of Physician-to-Population Ratios. Merritt Hawkins & Associates. GMENAC, Goodman (Dec. 11, 1996 JAMA), Hicks & Glenn (1989 Journal of Health Care Management), Solucient (2003). (12) American Medical Association. Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the US, 2010 Edition; 2010.