60 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008 Fulton County Physician Standard Report Page 1 Physician Specialty Allergy & Immunology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 1.4 1.5 1.4 0.8 1.7 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.7 1.3 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 18 1.8 Physician Need 14 Status Surplus: 4 15 Surplus: 3 14 Surplus: 4 8 Surplus: 10 17 Surplus: 1 12 Surplus: 6 11 Surplus: 7 13 Surplus: 5 17 Surplus: 1 13 Surplus: 5 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 16 17 16 9 13 13 12 14 19 14 Physician Specialty Anesthesiology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 14.0 9.7 9.1 8.9 5.9 3.9 9.0 7.0 7.6 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 208 21.0 Physician Need 139 Status Surplus: 69 96 Surplus: 112 90 Surplus: 118 88 Surplus: 120 58 Surplus: 150 39 Surplus: 169 89 Surplus: 119 69 Surplus: 139 75 Surplus: 133 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 156 108 101 99 43 43 100 78 85 60 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008 Fulton County Physician Standard Report Page 2 Physician Specialty Cardiovascular Diseases National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 7.5 5.4 5.0 3.1 3.0 1.8 2.9 3.6 2.6 4.2 3.5 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 144 14.5 Physician Need 74 Status Surplus: 70 54 Surplus: 90 50 Surplus: 94 31 Surplus: 113 30 Surplus: 114 18 Surplus: 126 29 Surplus: 115 36 Surplus: 108 26 Surplus: 118 42 Surplus: 102 35 Surplus: 109 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 84 60 56 35 20 20 32 40 29 47 39 Physician Specialty Dermatology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.7 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.6 1.6 1.4 2.1 3.1 2.4 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 69 7.0 Physician Need 37 Status Surplus: 32 28 Surplus: 41 26 Surplus: 43 28 Surplus: 41 25 Surplus: 44 24 Surplus: 45 26 Surplus: 43 16 Surplus: 53 14 Surplus: 55 21 Surplus: 48 31 Surplus: 38 24 Surplus: 45 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 41 31 29 31 27 27 29 18 16 23 35 27 60 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008 Fulton County Physician Standard Report Page 3 Physician Specialty Emergency Medicine National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 10.5 5.5 5.2 5.4 6.7 5.3 2.7 12.4 6.2 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 178 18.0 Physician Need 104 Status Surplus: 74 54 Surplus: 124 52 Surplus: 126 54 Surplus: 124 66 Surplus: 112 53 Surplus: 125 27 Surplus: 151 123 Surplus: 55 61 Surplus: 117 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 117 61 58 60 59 59 30 138 69 Physician Specialty Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism National Physician Standards* Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. AMA 1.8 Two Mature HMO 1.1 Adjusted FTE 1.0 GMENAC 0.8 Kaiser Portland 0.9 7 Kaiser Plans 1.1 GHC Seattle Three HMOs 0.6 Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement 0.9 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 34 3.4 Physician Need 18 Status Surplus: 16 11 Surplus: 23 10 Surplus: 24 8 Surplus: 26 9 Surplus: 25 11 Surplus: 23 6 Surplus: 28 9 Surplus: 25 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 20 12 11 9 12 12 7 10 60 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008 Fulton County Physician Standard Report Page 4 Physician Specialty Family Practice National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 31.5 45.6 42.6 25.2 16.7 11.0 9.2 16.2 22.5 23.6 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 224 22.6 Physician Need 312 Status Deficit: -88 452 Deficit: -228 422 Deficit: -198 250 Deficit: -26 165 Surplus: 59 109 Surplus: 115 91 Surplus: 133 161 Surplus: 63 223 Surplus: 1 234 Deficit: -10 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 351 508 475 281 123 123 103 181 251 263 Physician Specialty Gastroenterology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 4.2 3.1 3.2 1.7 1.7 1.3 3.5 2.4 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 97 9.8 Physician Need 42 Status Surplus: 55 31 Surplus: 66 32 Surplus: 65 17 Surplus: 80 17 Surplus: 80 13 Surplus: 84 35 Surplus: 62 24 Surplus: 73 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 47 35 36 19 19 14 39 27 60 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008 Fulton County Physician Standard Report Page 5 Physician Specialty Hematology/Oncology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.5 2.5 2.4 3.6 2.3 1.8 1.6 2.6 1.2 1.1 2.1 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 14 1.4 Physician Need 35 Status Deficit: -21 25 Deficit: -11 24 Deficit: -10 36 Deficit: -22 23 Deficit: -9 18 Deficit: -4 16 Deficit: -2 26 Deficit: -12 12 Surplus: 2 11 Surplus: 3 21 Deficit: -7 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 39 28 27 40 20 20 18 29 13 12 23 Physician Specialty Infectious Disease National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 2.2 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.2 0.7 0.6 0.8 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 67 6.8 Physician Need 22 Status Surplus: 45 7 Surplus: 60 6 Surplus: 61 9 Surplus: 58 12 Surplus: 55 7 Surplus: 60 6 Surplus: 61 8 Surplus: 59 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 25 8 7 10 8 8 7 9 60 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008 Fulton County Physician Standard Report Page 6 Physician Specialty Internal Medicine National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 53.1 21.4 20.0 28.8 28.1 30.3 16.7 11.3 19.0 22.0 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 554 55.9 Physician Need 526 Status Surplus: 28 212 Surplus: 342 198 Surplus: 356 285 Surplus: 269 278 Surplus: 276 300 Surplus: 254 165 Surplus: 389 112 Surplus: 442 188 Surplus: 366 218 Surplus: 336 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 592 239 223 321 338 338 186 126 212 245 Physician Specialty Nephrology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 2.6 1.4 1.3 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 1.0 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 43 4.3 Physician Need 26 Status Surplus: 17 14 Surplus: 29 13 Surplus: 30 11 Surplus: 32 8 Surplus: 35 7 Surplus: 36 9 Surplus: 34 7 Surplus: 36 10 Surplus: 33 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 29 16 14 12 8 8 10 8 11 60 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008 Fulton County Physician Standard Report Page 7 Physician Specialty Neurological Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 1.9 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.4 0.4 0.7 1.0 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 29 2.9 Physician Need 19 Status Surplus: 10 11 Surplus: 18 10 Surplus: 19 11 Surplus: 18 14 Surplus: 15 4 Surplus: 25 7 Surplus: 22 10 Surplus: 19 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 21 12 11 12 4 8 11 Physician Specialty Neurology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 5.0 2.4 2.3 3.3 1.3 1.7 1.2 2.1 1.4 1.8 1.9 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 62 6.3 Physician Need 50 Status Surplus: 12 24 Surplus: 38 23 Surplus: 39 33 Surplus: 29 13 Surplus: 49 17 Surplus: 45 12 Surplus: 50 21 Surplus: 41 14 Surplus: 48 18 Surplus: 44 19 Surplus: 43 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 56 27 26 37 19 19 13 23 16 20 21 60 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008 Fulton County Physician Standard Report Page 8 Physician Specialty OB/GYN National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 14.1 12.1 11.3 9.9 11.6 11.5 10.0 8.8 8.4 8.0 10.2 10.2 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 235 23.7 Physician Need 140 Status Surplus: 95 120 Surplus: 115 112 Surplus: 123 98 Surplus: 137 115 Surplus: 120 114 Surplus: 121 99 Surplus: 136 87 Surplus: 148 83 Surplus: 152 79 Surplus: 156 101 Surplus: 134 101 Surplus: 134 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 157 135 126 110 128 128 111 98 94 89 113 114 Physician Specialty Opthalmology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 6.0 5.9 5.5 4.6 2.4 3.1 5.0 3.5 3.2 4.7 4.2 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 92 9.3 Physician Need 59 Status Surplus: 33 58 Surplus: 34 54 Surplus: 38 46 Surplus: 46 24 Surplus: 68 31 Surplus: 61 50 Surplus: 42 35 Surplus: 57 32 Surplus: 60 47 Surplus: 45 42 Surplus: 50 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 67 66 61 51 35 35 56 39 36 53 47 60 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008 Fulton County Physician Standard Report Page 9 Physician Specialty Orthopedic Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 8.3 6.8 6.4 6.0 5.9 4.2 6.7 3.0 5.9 4.2 6.1 5.5 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 143 14.4 Physician Need 82 Status Surplus: 61 67 Surplus: 76 63 Surplus: 80 59 Surplus: 84 58 Surplus: 85 42 Surplus: 101 66 Surplus: 77 30 Surplus: 113 58 Surplus: 85 42 Surplus: 101 61 Surplus: 82 54 Surplus: 89 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 93 76 71 67 47 47 75 33 66 47 68 61 Physician Specialty Otolaryngology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.4 2.4 3.0 3.0 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 67 6.8 Physician Need 34 Status Surplus: 33 32 Surplus: 35 32 Surplus: 35 34 Surplus: 33 24 Surplus: 43 30 Surplus: 37 30 Surplus: 37 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 38 36 36 27 27 33 33 60 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008 Fulton County Physician Standard Report Page 10 Physician Specialty Pathology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 6.3 1.9 1.8 6.4 3.3 1.8 4.1 3.2 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 59 6.0 Physician Need 62 Status Deficit: -3 19 Surplus: 40 18 Surplus: 41 63 Deficit: -4 33 Surplus: 26 18 Surplus: 41 41 Surplus: 18 32 Surplus: 27 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 70 21 20 71 20 20 46 36 Physician Specialty Pediatrics National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 24.9 16.6 15.5 12.4 11.9 16.0 9.8 7.6 13.9 13.0 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 290 29.3 Physician Need 247 Status Surplus: 43 164 Surplus: 126 154 Surplus: 136 123 Surplus: 167 118 Surplus: 172 159 Surplus: 131 97 Surplus: 193 75 Surplus: 215 138 Surplus: 152 129 Surplus: 161 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 278 185 173 138 178 178 109 85 155 145 60 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008 Fulton County Physician Standard Report Page 11 Physician Specialty Plastic Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 2.4 1.1 0.3 0.4 1.1 2.3 2.2 1.2 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 76 7.7 Physician Need 24 Status Surplus: 52 11 Surplus: 65 3 Surplus: 73 4 Surplus: 72 11 Surplus: 65 23 Surplus: 53 22 Surplus: 54 12 Surplus: 64 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 27 12 4 12 26 25 13 Physician Specialty Psychiatry National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 13.6 7.7 7.2 15.4 5.2 4.1 7.2 3.9 5.7 7.1 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 240 24.2 Physician Need 135 Status Surplus: 105 76 Surplus: 164 71 Surplus: 169 153 Surplus: 87 52 Surplus: 188 41 Surplus: 199 71 Surplus: 169 39 Surplus: 201 57 Surplus: 183 70 Surplus: 170 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 152 86 80 172 46 46 80 43 64 79 60 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008 Fulton County Physician Standard Report Page 12 Physician Specialty Pulmonary Diseases National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.5 2.0 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.5 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 57 5.8 Physician Need 35 Status Surplus: 22 20 Surplus: 37 19 Surplus: 38 14 Surplus: 43 14 Surplus: 43 10 Surplus: 47 14 Surplus: 43 14 Surplus: 43 13 Surplus: 44 15 Surplus: 42 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 39 22 21 16 11 11 16 16 14 17 Physician Specialty Radiology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 11.4 13.6 13.7 7.7 8.5 4.7 7.7 8.0 9.1 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 173 17.5 Physician Need 113 Status Surplus: 60 135 Surplus: 38 136 Surplus: 37 76 Surplus: 97 84 Surplus: 89 47 Surplus: 126 76 Surplus: 97 79 Surplus: 94 90 Surplus: 83 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 127 152 153 86 52 52 86 89 101 60 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008 Fulton County Physician Standard Report Page 13 Physician Specialty Rheumatology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 1.5 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.4 1.3 0.8 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 20 2.0 Physician Need 15 Status Surplus: 5 11 Surplus: 9 10 Surplus: 10 7 Surplus: 13 4 Surplus: 16 7 Surplus: 13 7 Surplus: 13 4 Surplus: 16 13 Surplus: 7 8 Surplus: 12 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 17 12 11 8 8 8 8 4 15 9 Physician Specialty General Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 12.5 9.4 8.8 9.7 7.0 6.2 5.9 4.2 9.7 4.1 6.0 7.1 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 138 13.9 Physician Need 124 Status Surplus: 14 93 Surplus: 45 87 Surplus: 51 96 Surplus: 42 69 Surplus: 69 61 Surplus: 77 58 Surplus: 80 42 Surplus: 96 96 Surplus: 42 41 Surplus: 97 60 Surplus: 78 70 Surplus: 68 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 139 105 98 108 69 69 66 47 108 46 67 79 60 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008 Fulton County Physician Standard Report Page 14 Physician Specialty Thoracic Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 1.5 0.8 0.1 0.5 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 25 2.5 Physician Need 15 Status Surplus: 10 8 Surplus: 17 1 Surplus: 24 5 Surplus: 20 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 17 9 6 Physician Specialty Urology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.3 2.3 2.9 2.6 1.9 2.9 2.9 2008 Actual Population Physicians /100k 990,790 57 5.8 Physician Need 35 Status Surplus: 22 35 Surplus: 22 33 Surplus: 24 31 Surplus: 26 33 Surplus: 24 23 Surplus: 34 29 Surplus: 28 26 Surplus: 31 19 Surplus: 38 28 Surplus: 29 29 Surplus: 28 2015 Projected Population 1,114,788 Physician Need 39 39 37 35 26 26 32 29 21 32 32 60 Georgia Physician Workforce: County Reports - 2008 Page 15 Fulton County Physician Standard Report Report created by Georgia Board for Physician Workforce, State of Georgia *Standards are presented as rates per 100,000 population (1) McClendon, B., R.Polizer, E. Christain, and E. Fernandez. 1997. Downsizing the Physician Workforce. Public Health Reports. May/June 112:231-239. (2) Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee Summary Report. 1981. Pub. No. (HRA) 81-651. Washington: Government Printing Office. (3) American Medical Association. 1996. Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the US: 1995/1996. Chicago. (4) American Osteopathic Association. 1993. 1994 Yearbook and Directory of Osteopathic Physicians. Chicago. (5) Hart, L., E. Wagner, J. Parzada, A.Nelson, and R.Rosenblah. 1997. Physician Staffing Ratios in Staff- Model HMO's: A Cautionary Tale, Health Affairs 16, no. 1:55-70. (6) Weiner, J.P. 1994 Forecasting the Effects of Health Reform on U.S. Physician Workforce Requirement. JAMA 272, no. 3:222-230. (7) Steinwachs, D., J.P. Weiner, S. Shapiro, et al. 1986. A Comparison of the Requirements for Primary Care Physicians in with Projections Made by the Graduate Medical National Advisory Committee. New England Journal of Medicine 314:217-222. (8) Kronick, R., D.C. Goodman, J. Wennberg, and E.Wagner. 1993. The Marketplace in Health Care Reform: The Demographic Limitations of Managed Competition. New England Journal of Medicine 328:1480152. See also, related NAPS Document 04998. (9) Vansdow, N.A. The Physician Workforce: Issues for Academic Medical Centers. Forum on the Future of Academic Medicine. December 2, 1996. (10) Forte, G.J., Dionne, M., Beaulieu, M., and Salsberg, E. Profile of New York State Physicians. Rensselaer, NY: Center for Health Workforce Studies, School of Public Health, SUNY Albany. April 2001. (11) A Review of Physician-to-Population Ratios. Merritt Hawkins & Associates. GMENAC, Goodman (Dec. 11, 1996 JAMA), Hicks & Glenn (1989 Journal of Health Care Management), Solucient (2003). (12) American Medical Association. Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the US, 2010 Edition; 2010.