Georgia Physician Workforce: AHEC Reports - 2008 Atlanta AHEC Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton Page 1 Physician Specialty Allergy & Immunology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 1.4 1.5 1.4 0.8 1.7 1.2 1.1 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 27 29 27 15 33 23 21 2008 Actual Physicians 28 Status Surplus: Deficit: Surplus: Surplus: Deficit: Surplus: Surplus: /100k 1.5 1 -1 1 13 -5 5 7 1.3 25 Surplus: 3 1.7 33 1.3 25 Deficit: -5 Surplus: 3 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 25 27 25 14 30 22 20 23 31 23 Physician Specialty Anesthesiology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 14.0 9.7 9.1 8.9 5.9 3.9 9.0 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 269 186 175 171 113 75 173 2008 Actual Physicians 313 /100k 16.3 Status Surplus: 44 Surplus: 127 Surplus: 138 Surplus: 142 Surplus: 200 Surplus: 238 Surplus: 140 7.0 134 Surplus: 179 7.6 146 Surplus: 167 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 251 174 163 159 106 70 161 125 136 Georgia Physician Workforce: AHEC Reports - 2008 Atlanta AHEC Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton Page 2 Physician Specialty Cardiovascular Diseases National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 7.5 5.4 5.0 3.1 3.0 1.8 2.9 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 144 104 96 59 58 35 56 2008 Actual Physicians 236 /100k 12.3 Status Surplus: 92 Surplus: 132 Surplus: 140 Surplus: 177 Surplus: 178 Surplus: 201 Surplus: 180 3.6 69 2.6 50 4.2 81 3.5 67 Surplus: 167 Surplus: 186 Surplus: 155 Surplus: 169 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 134 97 90 56 54 32 52 65 47 76 63 Physician Specialty Dermatology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.7 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.6 1.6 1.4 2.1 3.1 2.4 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 71 54 50 54 48 46 50 31 27 40 60 46 2008 Actual Physicians 101 Status Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: /100k 5.3 30 47 51 47 53 55 51 70 74 61 41 55 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 66 50 47 50 45 43 47 29 25 38 56 43 Georgia Physician Workforce: AHEC Reports - 2008 Atlanta AHEC Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton Page 3 Physician Specialty Emergency Medicine National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 10.5 5.5 5.2 5.4 6.7 5.3 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 202 106 100 104 129 102 2008 Actual Physicians 263 /100k 13.7 Status Surplus: 61 Surplus: 157 Surplus: 163 Surplus: 159 Surplus: 134 Surplus: 161 2.7 52 12.4 238 6.2 119 Surplus: 211 Surplus: 25 Surplus: 144 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 188 99 93 97 120 95 48 222 111 Physician Specialty Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism National Physician Standards* Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. AMA 1.8 Two Mature HMO 1.1 Adjusted FTE 1.0 GMENAC 0.8 Kaiser Portland 0.9 7 Kaiser Plans 1.1 GHC Seattle Three HMOs 0.6 Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement 0.9 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 35 21 19 15 17 21 2008 Actual Physicians 63 Status Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: 12 Surplus: 17 Surplus: /100k 3.3 28 42 44 48 46 42 51 46 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 32 20 18 14 16 20 11 16 Georgia Physician Workforce: AHEC Reports - 2008 Atlanta AHEC Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton Page 4 Physician Specialty Family Practice National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 31.5 45.6 42.6 25.2 16.7 11.0 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 605 875 818 484 320 211 2008 Actual Physicians 446 /100k 23.2 Status Deficit: -159 Deficit: -429 Deficit: -372 Deficit: -38 Surplus: 126 Surplus: 235 9.2 177 Surplus: 269 16.2 311 22.5 432 23.6 453 Surplus: 135 Surplus: 14 Deficit: -7 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 564 817 763 452 299 197 165 290 404 423 Physician Specialty Gastroenterology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 4.2 3.1 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 81 59 2008 Actual Physicians 137 Status Surplus: Surplus: /100k 7.1 56 78 3.2 61 1.7 33 1.7 33 Surplus: 76 Surplus: 104 Surplus: 104 1.3 25 3.5 67 2.4 46 Surplus: 112 Surplus: 70 Surplus: 91 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 75 56 57 30 30 23 63 43 Georgia Physician Workforce: AHEC Reports - 2008 Atlanta AHEC Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton Page 5 Physician Specialty Hematology/Oncology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.5 2.5 2.4 3.6 2.3 1.8 1.6 2.6 1.2 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 67 48 46 69 44 35 31 50 23 2008 Actual Physicians 23 Status Deficit: Deficit: Deficit: Deficit: Deficit: Deficit: Deficit: Deficit: Adequate /100k 1.2 -44 -25 -23 -46 -21 -12 -8 -27 0 1.1 21 2.1 40 Surplus: 2 Deficit: -17 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 63 45 43 65 41 32 29 47 22 19 38 Physician Specialty Infectious Disease National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 2.2 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.2 0.7 0.6 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 42 13 12 17 23 13 12 2008 Actual Physicians 144 /100k 7.5 Status Surplus: 102 Surplus: 131 Surplus: 132 Surplus: 127 Surplus: 121 Surplus: 131 Surplus: 132 0.8 15 Surplus: 129 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 39 13 11 16 22 13 11 14 Georgia Physician Workforce: AHEC Reports - 2008 Atlanta AHEC Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton Page 6 Physician Specialty Internal Medicine National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 53.1 21.4 20.0 28.8 28.1 30.3 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 1,019 411 384 553 539 582 2008 Actual Physicians 875 /100k 45.6 Status Deficit: -144 Surplus: 464 Surplus: 491 Surplus: 322 Surplus: 336 Surplus: 293 16.7 320 Surplus: 555 11.3 217 19.0 365 22.0 422 Surplus: 658 Surplus: 510 Surplus: 453 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 952 383 358 516 504 543 299 203 341 394 Physician Specialty Nephrology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 2.6 1.4 1.3 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.9 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 50 27 25 21 15 13 17 2008 Actual Physicians 83 Status Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: /100k 4.3 33 56 58 62 68 70 66 0.7 14 1.0 19 Surplus: 69 Surplus: 64 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 47 25 23 20 14 13 16 13 18 Georgia Physician Workforce: AHEC Reports - 2008 Atlanta AHEC Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton Page 7 Physician Specialty Neurological Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 1.9 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.4 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 36 21 19 21 27 2008 Actual Physicians 47 Status Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: /100k 2.4 11 26 28 26 20 0.4 8 Surplus: 39 0.7 13 Surplus: 34 1.0 19 Surplus: 28 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 34 20 18 20 25 7 13 18 Physician Specialty Neurology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 5.0 2.4 2.3 3.3 1.3 1.7 1.2 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 96 46 44 63 25 33 23 2008 Actual Physicians 125 /100k 6.5 Status Surplus: 29 Surplus: 79 Surplus: 81 Surplus: 62 Surplus: 100 Surplus: 92 Surplus: 102 2.1 40 1.4 27 1.8 34 1.9 36 Surplus: 85 Surplus: 98 Surplus: 91 Surplus: 89 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 90 43 41 59 23 30 22 38 25 32 34 Georgia Physician Workforce: AHEC Reports - 2008 Atlanta AHEC Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton Page 8 Physician Specialty OB/GYN National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 14.1 12.1 11.3 9.9 11.6 11.5 10.0 8.8 8.4 8.0 10.2 10.2 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 271 232 217 190 223 221 192 169 161 154 195 196 2008 Actual Physicians 333 /100k 17.4 Status Surplus: 62 Surplus: 101 Surplus: 116 Surplus: 143 Surplus: 110 Surplus: 112 Surplus: 141 Surplus: 164 Surplus: 172 Surplus: 179 Surplus: 138 Surplus: 137 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 253 217 203 177 208 206 179 158 151 143 182 183 Physician Specialty Opthalmology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 6.0 5.9 5.5 4.6 2.4 3.1 5.0 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 115 113 106 88 46 59 96 2008 Actual Physicians 168 /100k 8.8 Status Surplus: 53 Surplus: 55 Surplus: 62 Surplus: 80 Surplus: 122 Surplus: 109 Surplus: 72 3.5 67 3.2 61 4.7 90 4.2 81 Surplus: 101 Surplus: 107 Surplus: 78 Surplus: 87 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 108 106 99 82 43 56 90 63 57 84 75 Georgia Physician Workforce: AHEC Reports - 2008 Atlanta AHEC Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton Page 9 Physician Specialty Orthopedic Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 8.3 6.8 6.4 6.0 5.9 4.2 6.7 3.0 5.9 4.2 6.1 5.5 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 159 131 123 115 113 81 129 58 113 81 117 106 2008 Actual Physicians 199 /100k 10.4 Status Surplus: 40 Surplus: 68 Surplus: 76 Surplus: 84 Surplus: 86 Surplus: 118 Surplus: 70 Surplus: 141 Surplus: 86 Surplus: 118 Surplus: 82 Surplus: 93 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 149 122 115 108 106 75 120 54 106 75 110 99 Physician Specialty Otolaryngology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.4 3.2 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 65 61 2008 Actual Physicians 98 Status Surplus: Surplus: /100k 5.1 33 37 3.2 61 3.4 65 2.4 46 3.0 58 Surplus: 37 Surplus: 33 Surplus: 52 Surplus: 40 3.0 58 Surplus: 40 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 61 57 57 61 43 54 54 Georgia Physician Workforce: AHEC Reports - 2008 Atlanta AHEC Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton Page 10 Physician Specialty Pathology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 6.3 1.9 1.8 6.4 3.3 1.8 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 121 36 35 123 63 35 2008 Actual Physicians 150 /100k 7.8 Status Surplus: 29 Surplus: 114 Surplus: 115 Surplus: 27 Surplus: 87 Surplus: 115 4.1 79 Surplus: 71 3.2 61 Surplus: 89 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 113 34 32 115 59 32 73 57 Physician Specialty Pediatrics National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 24.9 16.6 15.5 12.4 11.9 16.0 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 478 319 297 238 228 307 2008 Actual Physicians 562 /100k 29.3 Status Surplus: 84 Surplus: 243 Surplus: 265 Surplus: 324 Surplus: 334 Surplus: 255 9.8 188 Surplus: 374 7.6 146 13.9 267 13.0 249 Surplus: 416 Surplus: 295 Surplus: 313 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 446 297 278 222 213 287 176 136 249 233 Georgia Physician Workforce: AHEC Reports - 2008 Atlanta AHEC Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton Page 11 Physician Specialty Plastic Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 2.4 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 46 2008 Actual Physicians 93 Status Surplus: /100k 4.8 47 1.1 21 0.3 6 0.4 8 1.1 21 2.3 44 2.2 43 1.2 23 Surplus: 72 Surplus: 87 Surplus: 85 Surplus: 72 Surplus: 49 Surplus: 50 Surplus: 70 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 43 20 5 7 20 41 40 22 Physician Specialty Psychiatry National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 13.6 7.7 7.2 15.4 5.2 4.1 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 261 148 138 296 100 79 2008 Actual Physicians 434 /100k 22.6 Status Surplus: 173 Surplus: 286 Surplus: 296 Surplus: 138 Surplus: 334 Surplus: 355 7.2 138 3.9 75 5.7 110 7.1 136 Surplus: 296 Surplus: 359 Surplus: 324 Surplus: 298 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 244 138 129 276 93 73 129 70 103 127 Georgia Physician Workforce: AHEC Reports - 2008 Atlanta AHEC Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton Page 12 Physician Specialty Pulmonary Diseases National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.5 2.0 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.4 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 67 38 36 27 27 19 27 2008 Actual Physicians 106 Status Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: /100k 5.5 39 68 70 79 79 87 79 1.4 27 Surplus: 79 1.3 25 1.5 29 Surplus: 81 Surplus: 77 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 63 36 34 25 25 18 25 25 23 27 Physician Specialty Radiology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 11.4 13.6 13.7 7.7 8.5 4.7 7.7 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 219 261 263 148 163 90 148 2008 Actual Physicians 285 /100k 14.9 Status Surplus: 66 Surplus: 24 Surplus: 22 Surplus: 137 Surplus: 122 Surplus: 195 Surplus: 137 8.0 154 Surplus: 131 9.1 175 Surplus: 110 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 204 244 246 138 152 84 138 143 163 Georgia Physician Workforce: AHEC Reports - 2008 Atlanta AHEC Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton Page 13 Physician Specialty Rheumatology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 1.5 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.7 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 29 21 19 13 8 13 13 2008 Actual Physicians 37 Status Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: /100k 1.9 8 16 18 24 29 24 24 0.4 8 Surplus: 29 1.3 26 0.8 15 Surplus: 11 Surplus: 22 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 27 20 18 13 7 13 13 7 24 14 Physician Specialty General Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 12.5 9.4 8.8 9.7 7.0 6.2 5.9 4.2 9.7 4.1 6.0 7.1 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 240 180 169 186 134 119 113 81 186 79 115 136 2008 Actual Physicians 213 /100k 11.1 Status Deficit: -27 Surplus: 33 Surplus: 44 Surplus: 27 Surplus: 79 Surplus: 94 Surplus: 100 Surplus: 132 Surplus: 27 Surplus: 134 Surplus: 98 Surplus: 77 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 224 168 158 174 125 111 106 75 174 73 108 127 Georgia Physician Workforce: AHEC Reports - 2008 Atlanta AHEC Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton Page 14 Physician Specialty Thoracic Surgery National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 1.5 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 29 2008 Actual Physicians 35 Status Surplus: /100k 1.8 6 0.8 15 0.1 2 Surplus: 20 Surplus: 33 0.5 10 Surplus: 25 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 27 14 2 9 Physician Specialty Urology National Physician Standards* AMA Two Mature HMO Adjusted FTE GMENAC Kaiser Portland 7 Kaiser Plans GHC Seattle Three HMOs Goodman Hicks & Glenn Solucient Average Requirement Standard Phys/100,000 Pop. 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.3 2.3 2.9 Population 1,919,157 Physician Need 67 67 63 59 63 44 56 2008 Actual Physicians 89 Status Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: Surplus: /100k 4.6 22 22 26 30 26 45 33 2.6 50 1.9 36 2.9 55 2.9 56 Surplus: 39 Surplus: 53 Surplus: 34 Surplus: 33 2015 Projected Population 1,792,050 Physician Need 63 63 59 56 59 41 52 47 34 51 52 Georgia Physician Workforce: AHEC Reports - 2008 Atlanta AHEC Physician Standard Report Included Counties: Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton Page 15 Report created by Georgia Board for Physician Workforce, State of Georgia *Standards are presented as rates per 100,000 population (1) McClendon, B., R.Polizer, E. Christain, and E. Fernandez. 1997. Downsizing the Physician Workforce. Public Health Reports. May/June 112:231-239. (2) Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee Summary Report. 1981. Pub. No. (HRA) 81-651. Washington: Government Printing Office. (3) American Medical Association. 1996. Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the US: 1995/1996. Chicago. (4) American Osteopathic Association. 1993. 1994 Yearbook and Directory of Osteopathic Physicians. Chicago. (5) Hart, L., E. Wagner, J. Parzada, A.Nelson, and R.Rosenblah. 1997. Physician Staffing Ratios in Staff- Model HMO's: A Cautionary Tale, Health Affairs 16, no. 1:55-70. (6) Weiner, J.P. 1994 Forecasting the Effects of Health Reform on U.S. Physician Workforce Requirement. JAMA 272, no. 3:222-230. (7) Steinwachs, D., J.P. Weiner, S. Shapiro, et al. 1986. A Comparison of the Requirements for Primary Care Physicians in with Projections Made by the Graduate Medical National Advisory Committee. New England Journal of Medicine 314:217-222. (8) Kronick, R., D.C. Goodman, J. Wennberg, and E.Wagner. 1993. The Marketplace in Health Care Reform: The Demographic Limitations of Managed Competition. New England Journal of Medicine 328:1480152. See also, related NAPS Document 04998. (9) Vansdow, N.A. The Physician Workforce: Issues for Academic Medical Centers. Forum on the Future of Academic Medicine. December 2, 1996. (10) Forte, G.J., Dionne, M., Beaulieu, M., and Salsberg, E. Profile of New York State Physicians. Rensselaer, NY: Center for Health Workforce Studies, School of Public Health, SUNY Albany. April 2001. (11) A Review of Physician-to-Population Ratios. Merritt Hawkins & Associates. GMENAC, Goodman (Dec. 11, 1996 JAMA), Hicks & Glenn (1989 Journal of Health Care Management), Solucient (2003). (12) American Medical Association. Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the US, 2010 Edition; 2010.