2008 Annual Solid Waste Report Executive Summary The Georgia Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Act of 1990 requires the Department of Community Affairs (DCA), with the cooperation of the Department of Natural Resources' Environmental Protection Division (EPD) and the Georgia Environmental Facilities Authority (GEFA), to report annually on the state of solid waste management in Georgia. Per the Act, the FY 2008 report, covering the period of July 1, 2007 - June 30, 2008, contains information on: the status of local and regional solid waste management planning in Georgia; the number and types of solid waste handling facilities in the state; the remaining capacity of each permitted solid waste handling facility; the number and types of solid waste grants and loans made to local governments; a compilation and analysis of solid waste management data provided by cities and counties through their completed Solid Waste Survey; a statement of progress achieved in meeting the goal established in subsection (c) of Code Section 12-8-21; a statement of progress achieved in solid waste management education; any revisions in the state solid waste management plan deemed necessary; and recommendations for improving the management of solid waste in Georgia. This and previous reports are available online at www.dca.ga.gov, under Office of Environmental Management programs. Further, the Act requires DCA to report on the status of litter prevention and abatement in the state. The litter report shall include but not be limited to: An itemization of expenditures made from the Solid Waste Trust Fund for the prevention and abatement of litter; A compilation and analysis of litter prevention, collection, and enforcement efforts; An assessment of littering in the state; A statement of progress in achieving a litter prevention ethic; and Recommendations for improving litter abatement and prevention efforts. This litter report is available online at www.dca.ga.gov, under Office of Environmental Management programs. The Solid Waste Management Act requires all local governments to have, or be included in, a solid waste management plan that demonstrates adequate waste disposal capacity and collection capability for a 10-year period. Twenty-six (26) cities and seven (7) counties did not have an approved plan by the end of FY 2008. Local governments that failed to adopt approved solid waste management plans are listed and continually updated online at: www.GeorgiaPlanning.com During FY 2008, 16.3 million tons of waste was sent to permitted Georgia disposal facilities. Most of this waste entered lined, monitored landfills operating under federal Subtitle D regulations. A small and dwindling percentage of the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) entered unlined landfills that have been allowed to operate under their pre-Subtitle D permits. Construction and Demolition waste (C&D), a subset of MSW, generally goes to unlined landfills that are less expensive to operate. The state continues to have an adequate supply of permitted disposal capacity with 26.6 years of remaining permitted Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) disposal capacity and 25.1 years of remaining permitted Construction and Demolition (C&D) disposal capacity. It is important for the state and local governments to carefully monitor the remaining permitted disposal capacity throughout Georgia. In FY 2008 more than a third of the permitted disposal capacity in the state was contained in just 4 of the 117 active landfills. This concentration heightens the need to carefully monitor the financial assurances of these and all the disposal facilities in the state. Without Revised July 31, 2009 proper financial assurance, the incredible costs of cleaning up abandoned, leaking landfills may fall to local governments and possibly the state. This concentrated disposal capacity also emphasizes the need for local solid waste management planning. The Northeast Georgia RDC continues to have less than 10 years of permitted disposal capacity. Demonstration of capacity and capacity assurance is highly dependent upon the permitting process and the time it takes for a solid waste handling permit to be issued. This process typically takes several years, during which time permits for surrounding facilities may lapse or private sector business arrangements to accept varying rates of material for disposal can greatly alter the projected life expectancy of existing landfills. (See section A Disposal and Capacity and section B Per Capita Disposal for more details) The level and type of solid waste, recycling and yard trimmings collection services provided throughout the state varies greatly depending upon a community's size, density, and demographic profile. To track solid waste management trends, DCA administers an annual survey of all local governments in Georgia1. It is encouraging that despite the current economic recession, the numbers of communities reporting they had recycling services available were reported higher than they have been for the past decade. During FY 2008, 28 cities and 21 counties reported actively promoting waste minimization practices such as home composting or beneficial reuse of yard trimmings. During FY 2008, 304 cities and 45 counties reported collecting yard trimmings for diversion from MSW landfills. (See section C: Solid Waste & Recycling Collection of the report for more details.) The increasing use of inert landfills and transfer stations, for which no reporting requirements exist, should be monitored and addressed in local solid waste planning efforts. As the state implements the strategy for reducing the MSW disposal rate, efforts to quantify and address C&D waste reduction and solid waste from mining, agricultural, or silviculture operations or industrial processes or operations needs to be completed. Education efforts are essential to waste reduction efforts. Keep Georgia Beautiful continues supporting the waste reduction and education efforts of the 77 Keep America Beautiful affiliates in Georgia. As state grant funds that have historically helped local governments educate and enforce litter abatement efforts diminish, these local affiliates are struggling to find the necessary resources to keep their communities livable. DCA has conducted Waste in Place workshops and workshops related to solid waste planning during 2008. Another growing trend that needs to be carefully monitored is the amount of waste imported to Georgia for disposal and its potential impact on future disposal capacity and Georgia's environment. With statewide MSW tipping fees at $35.15 per ton ($23.72 for C&D waste), far less than Northeastern states and Florida, Georgia landfills represent considerable cost-savings for companies moving large amounts of waste. Because the waste reduction goal specified in the Act includes all waste disposed in MSW landfills in Georgia, this out-of-state waste is included in the state's progress toward meeting the waste reduction goal, and undercuts waste reduction and recycling efforts undertaken by Georgians. On a per capita basis, 7.14 pounds of waste entered MSW landfills daily during FY 2008, and nearly one pound/day of that came from outside Georgia's borders. (See section B: Per Capita Disposal and section D: MSW & C&D Landfill Tipping Fees of the report for more details) During Fiscal Year 2008, over 2.9 million dollars ($2,927,020) in Solid Waste Trust Fund (SWTF) receipts were awarded to Georgia communities to help them manage solid waste. EPD disbursed over $118,000 in Local Government Enforcement and Education grants in FY 2008. The program funded projects in 19 communities, offsetting the local costs to develop and Revised July 31, 2009 maintain a local code enforcement program to prevent and enforce against the illegal disposal and management of scrap tires and solid waste. GEFA disbursed $241,124.85 in Recycling and Waste Reduction Grants in FY 2008. The program funded projects in 11 local communities, offsetting the local costs of waste reduction and recycling through the purchase of equipment for local government recycling centers. Another financial support program offered by GEFA is their low interest revolving loan program available to local governments. Drawing upon funds from its bond proceeds and revolving loan program, GEFA loaned $4,655,000 to three (3) local jurisdictions in FY 2008 for landfill construction and management. In FY 2008, DCA's Office of Environmental Management implemented two (2) recycling infrastructure grants, the Away-from-Home Recycling Grant and the Regional Recycling Hub Grant programs, both of which were supported by Solid Waste Trust Fund dollars. DCA awarded $2,567,518 in FY 2008 to fund these recycling infrastructure grant programs. The Away-From-Home Recycling grant included $350,000 dollars from the SWTF, a program partner contribution $40,000 Curbside Value Partnership (CVP), and $25,000 in corporate donations from Coca Cola for a total program value of $415,000. The program funded grant projects in 29 communities across the State. So far, more than 42 tons of lightweight materials have been diverted from the waste stream for recycling. More importantly, nearly 3 million patrons attending these special events were exposed to the recycling message. And it's important to note that most of the events using the equipment had never collected recyclables before. The Regional Recycling Hubs grant was funded with $2,217,518 from the SWTF. DCA leveraged additional funding totaling $8,042,950 ($4,938,696 in partner-level support and $3,104,254 local government support) for the Hub program. For every $1 (one dollar) of Solid Waste Trust Fund grant funding, DCA leveraged over $3.60 in partner match dollars from private and local government support. Grants were awarded to four (4) local governments across the State. Historically funding from the SWTF had been used to support a variety of local government waste reduction programs throughout the state. In response to the needs identified in the 2006 Annual Solid Waste Report and the need to "change business as usual" to affect a change (reduction) in the amount of MSW waste being disposed in the state, a statewide waste reduction and recycling strategy was drafted with the input of local governments and Georgia businesses using recycled content materials. The four part strategy, presented for implementation and funding is outlined below: Away From Home Recycling Equipment to facilitate recycling at sporting events, festivals and other special events Recycling Hubs Infrastructure dollars to develop collection capability leveraging the private sector's shift toward single-stream processing capability, and increasing collection in rural areas of the state. Statewide Recycling Campaign An umbrella marketing campaign focused on increasing recycling participation. This effort will push Georgia residents to look for recycling at special events and their homes and places of work. Revised July 31, 2009 ReTrac Reporting Metrics All of the above efforts will be tracked via an innovative online reporting mechanism that will link the solid waste annual surveys local governments must complete for DCA, and results from the AwayFrom-Home recycling campaign. These efforts are in line with a waste reduction goal that identifies specific targets to meet the general goal of reducing the amount of MSW disposed on a per capita basis. The waste disposal characterization study conducted in 2004 identified what Georgians were throwing away on an annual basis. Using this data, DCA was able to identify the Georgia industry demand for these materials and convened a Recycling Stakeholder Group with over 60 representatives, including representatives from businesses, local governments, and other state agencies to formulate a commodity based waste disposal reduction goal(s). Establishing a baseline goal was the first step to measuring waste reduction and recycling success. The group identified the following goals: Commodity Glass Paper Metal Plastic Total Per Capita MSW Disposal Rate/MSW Reduction Goal Actual Projected Projected Projected 2004 2012 % 2017 Lbs/person Lbs/person 2012 Lbs/person 0.153 0.140 8% 0.140 1.181 1.000 15% 0.850 0.228 0.198 13% 0.186 0.663 0.560 16% 0.530 2.23 1.99 11% 1.71 Projected % 2017 8% 28% 18% 20% 23% In FY 2008, for the first time, Georgia saw a significant reduction in the per-capita disposal rate. The amount of waste sent to MSW landfills for every Georgia resident fell nearly half a pound, from 7.45 to 7.14 pounds per person, per day. While the economic recession has certainly had an impact upon disposal rates, it can also be fairly argued that the state's aggressive recycling programs and private-sector partnerships are beginning to have an effect. But to meet the goals outlined above, continued diligence, planning and funding will be needed. This report is available online at www.dca.ga.gov, under Office of Environmental Management programs. Revised July 31, 2009 Disposal and Capacity 2008 Report During Fiscal Year 2008 the amount of waste sent to Georgia Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) and Construction and Demolition (C&D) landfills decreased dramatically reversing more than a decade of rising disposal. (The possible Landfill Quick Facts FY 2008 Private Public reasons for this change are explored in the Executive Summary of this report.) MSW Permitted capacity in 2008 is estimated to be approximately 26.6 years of Disposal remaining MSW landfill space and 25.1 years of remaining permitted C&D landfill space. However, some areas of the state, particularly Northeast Georgia, are quickly running out of disposal capacity. Landfill Ownership 8.4 million 4.2 million tons tons 16 facilities 47 facilities Where Does the Waste Go? Remaining Capacity Much of the waste disposed of in Georgia enters lined, monitored MSW Landfills. Of the 16,267,962 tons of waste disposed in permitted Georgia disposal facilities Years 18.8 38.9 Cubic Yards 218 million 239 million during FY 2008, 12,406,504 tons, or 76%, entered lined, monitored landfills meeting federal Subtitle D requirements. Twenty-two percent of the waste (3,603,439 tons) entered unlined Construction and Demolition landfills. The remainder was divided among unlined Municipal Solid Waste landfills (175,319 or 1.0%) the state's only MSW incinerator (41,351 tons; 0.2%), and the state's only large-scale MSW composting facility (approximately 50,000 tons.) C&D Disposal Landfill Ownership Remaining 2.9 million 719,000 tons tons 22 facilities 32 facilities Most of the waste disposed in Georgia enters private landfills. In FY 2008, landfill owners/operators reported 8,435,506 tons of waste entering 16 private MSW landfills, compared with 9,134,630 tons entering 16 private MSW landfills in FY Capacity Years 23.3 Cubic Yards 83 million 31.7 32 million 2007. In FY 2008, 4,187,667 tons of waste entered 47 publicly owned MSW landfills in the state, compared with 4,348,113 tons entering 50 public MSW landfills the previous year. From FY 1993- 2008, the number of MSW landfills operated by cities, counties, and solid waste authorities dropped from 121 to 62; 17 of the MSW landfills also operate a separate cell within their MSW landfill for C&D materials only. Tons of Waste Disposed FY 1999 - 2008 16,000,000 14,000,000 12,000,000 10,000,000 Tons 8,000,000 6,000,000 4,000,000 2,000,000 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Fiscal Year MSW C&D 2005 A - 1 Revised July 31, 2009 2006 2007 2008 Disposal and Capacity 2008 Report C&D Landfills Construction and Demolition landfills are permitted disposal facilities that can only accept waste building materials and rubble resulting from construction, remodeling, repair, and demolition operations on pavements, houses, commercial buildings and other structures. Such wastes include, but are not limited to, yard trimmings, asbestos-containing waste, wood, bricks, metal, concrete, wall board, paper, cardboard, inert waste landfill material, and other nonputrescible wastes which have a low potential for groundwater contamination. In FY 2008, landfill operators reported 2,884,282 tons of waste entering 22 private C&D facilities, while 719,157 tons of waste entered 32 publicly owned facilities. Permitted Solid Waste Management Facilities FY 1999-20081 Inert Landfills Collection Operations2 Transfer Stations On-Site Thermal Treatment Facilities On-site Processing Facilities Municipal Solid Waste Landfills Construction and Demolition Landfills Recovered Materials Processing Facilities Composting Facilities Waste-to-Energy Facility 2000 2,304 610 176 83 84 69 34 5 3 1 2001 2,399 708 202 88 92 62 33 5 3 1 2002 2,424 775 230 89 95 60 46 3 3 1 2003 2,354 796 233 99 90 58 51 0 3 1 2004 2,389 872 76 101 93 58 54 1 3 1 2005 2,373 891 76 101 99 55 54 1 3 1 2006 2,437 946 78 96 100 66* 54* 1 3 1 2007 2,455 966 79 96 105 66* 54* 1 5 1 2008 2,424 992 80 583 111 65 54 1 5 1 Air Curtain Destructors 3 1 3 0 5 5 5 5 5 Commercial Industrial Waste Landfill 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1. Operating as of July 2006; some facilities cease operations or are added, so these figures may differ from those used elsewhere in this report. 2. Collection operations are any entity that collects waste from residential or commercial locations. 3. EPD updated its database of these facilities to verify those still in operation; many had ceased operations. *EPD counts MSW landfills accepting C&D waste in specially-designated cells as C&D landfills. For the purposes of this report, DCA counts them as MSW. Unlined Landfills During FY 2008, 175,319 Unlined Landfills Accepting MSW tons of waste was disposed FY 2008 in five unlined MSW landfills. County Facility Name Total Avg. Remaining Remaining This represents approximately Tons Daily Capacity Capacity 1.4% of the total waste entering Disposed Tons (CY) (Years) MSW landfills in Georgia. As of Bibb Macon-Walker 117,505 377 1,924,398 8 July 2008, four unlined MSW Road Phase 2 (SL) facilities were still operating Grady Cairo-6th Ave. (SL) 30,722 73 284,078 16 under their original EPDapproved permits, and had not Liberty U.S. Army-Ft. Stewart Main Cantonment (SL) 9,550 33 576,070 30 reached their closure McIntosh McIntosh County- 17,542 56 602,834 17 capacity. Until they do, they must King Road (SL) adhere to the same operating Total 175,319 539 3,387,380 procedures and methane Average 43,829 194 846,845 12.1 monitoring requirements as their more modern counterparts. When the unlined facilities close, they will be capped and monitored under federal Subtitle D regulations. There is no time limit for these landfills to meet Subtitle D regulations, but they will not be granted expansion permits. It is likely a small percentage of MSW generated in Georgia will continue to be disposed in unlined landfills for years to come. A - 2 Revised July 31, 2009 Disposal and Capacity 2008 Report Other Disposal Facilities There is one MSW incinerator operating in Georgia accepting MSW. Located in Chatham County, the operation is also known as a waste-to-energy facility. The facility receives an average of 159 tons per day, mostly from the city of Savannah. During FY 2008, 41,350 tons of waste was incinerated at this facility before it ceased operations. There are several other types of incinerators in public and private use that accept only specialized waste, such as wood waste. Another unique waste disposal operation in Georgia is Cobb County's MSW composting facility. The facility accepts approximately 155 tons per day of MSW collected in Cobb County. The composting process results in a clean, beneficial soil amendment given to Cobb residents free of charge. During FY 2008, approximately 40,000 tons of MSW was processed at the Cobb Composting facility. Transfer stations are not actual disposal facilities, but they can offer significant collection savings and are becoming more common. There are nearly as many transfer stations as there are landfills, and the largest accept more than 1,000 tons of waste daily. Because these facilities are permit-by-rule, they do not have to pay the $1 per-ton (minimum) host fee to local governments that MSW and C&D landfills must, per the Act, and they do not receive the same regulatory oversight from regulators that landfills do. Imported Waste The amount of waste brought to Georgia from other states and disposed is more than eight times greater than it was in FY 1998. Waste imports fell slightly from 1,912,674 tons in FY 2007 to 1,857,687 tons in FY 2008. Most of the waste brought to Georgia from other states is MSW (83%), with the remainder entering C&D landfills. Out-of-state waste amounts to 11.4% of the total amount of waste disposed in Georgia or 14.7% of the waste entering MSW landfills in the state. (See Imported Waste FY 1998-2008) It is difficult to track border waste exchange, and it is suspected that in most cases, it travels relatively short distances across state lines. Based on telephone interviews with transfer station operators that ship waste out of state, it is believed that approximately 150,000 tons per year of Georgia-generated waste is sent to neighboring states. 2500000 Imported Waste FY 1999 - 2008 2000000 1500000 Tons 1000000 500000 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Fiscal Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 A - 3 Revised July 31, 2009 Disposal and Capacity 2008 Report Capacity, or the amount of available space in landfills to dispose of tightly compacted waste, grew from 559 million cubic yards in FY 2007 to 572 million cubic yards in FY 2008. Georgia has an estimated 26.6 years of remaining permitted MSW capacity statewide, based upon 2008 disposal rates. A regional breakdown, by Regional Development Center, can be found on page A-9. The projection of remaining capacity is based upon current disposal rates and disposal capacity permitted by the Georgia EPD, but not necessarily constructed landfill space. The number of MSW landfills in Georgia has fallen since tighter federal regulations were adopted in the mid-1990s, but the number of C&D landfills increased to 54. In FY 1993, there were 187 public and private landfills in Georgia, and 75% of these were small facilities that only accepted waste generated within the host county. For FY 2008, more than a third of the state's permitted disposal capacity sits in just four facilities, although there are 117 active permitted landfills in Georgia. These gains in remaining disposal capacity have occurred while smaller or older landfills are closed and enter lengthy post-closure monitoring periods. The table entitled `Georgia Landfills with Most Remaining Permitted Disposal Capacity FY 2008' on page A-8 ranks the top five landfills in the state by remaining disposal capacity. Landfill Capacity by Type FY 1999 - 2008 700,000,000 600,000,000 500,000,000 Cubic Yards 400,000,000 300,000,000 MSWL SL C&D/L Total 200,000,000 100,000,000 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Fiscal Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 A - 4 Revised July 31, 2009 Disposal and Capacity 2008 Report Remaining MSW Landfill Capacity FY 2008 FY 2007 Map prepared by: Georgia Department of Community Affairs. Source: Years of remaining capacity by Regional Development Center was calculated using EPD-supplied average rate of fill and cubic yards of remaining capacity, based on 260 operating days per year. A - 5 Revised July 31, 2009 Legend Less than 10 years 10 - 19 years 20 - 29 years 30 years and above Disposal and Capacity 2008 Report Georgia Landfills with Most Remaining Permitted Disposal Capacity FY 2008 County Facility Name Total Tons Domain Facility Remaining Avg. Rate of Remaining Disposed Type Capacity (CY) Daily Fill (CYD) Permitted Capacity FY 2008 Tons (Years) Richmond Richmond Co. - 348,552 Public MSWL Deans Bridge Rd. Phase 3 56,027,297 1,230 1,655 116 DeKalb DeKalb Co. - 676,016 Public MSWL Seminole Rd Ph 2a, 3, & 4 (SL) 49,032,309 2,207 2,247 67 Taylor Allied Services, LLC - 377,574 Private MSWL S.R. 90/ S.R. 137 47,801,524 2,000 2,500 68 Cherokee Cherokee Co. - Pine 1,248,275 Private MSWL Bluff Landfill, Inc. 37,651,770 4,500 6,000 26 Butts Butts Co. - Pine Ridge 946,283 Private MSWL Recycling 33,573,784 3,334 4,081 29 Total 3,596,700 224,086,684 13,271 16,483 52.3 County Facility Name Cherokee Cherokee Co. - Pine Bluff Landfill, Inc. Butts Butts Co. - Pine Ridge Recycling Wayne Wayne Co. - S.R. 23 Broadhurst Charlton Chesser Island Road Landfill, Inc. Banks Chambers R&B Landfill Site #2 Total Georgia Landfills Receiving the Most Waste FY 2008 Total Tons Domain Facility Remaining Avg. Rate of Remaining Disposed Type Capacity (CY) Daily Fill (CYD) Permitted Capacity FY 2008 Tons (Years) 1,248,275 Private MSWL 37,651,770 4,500 6,000 26 946,283 Private MSWL 33,573,784 3,334 4,081 29 754,402 Private MSWL 8,632,992 2,861 2,949 10 749,532 Private MSWL 10,509,675 2,800 3,500 10 946,574 Private MSWL 14,114,415 3,000 4,412 10 4,645,066 104,482,636 16,495 20,942 (Average) 19.2 A - 6 Revised July 31, 2009 Disposal and Capacity 2008 Report Regional Development Center Atlanta Regional Commission Central Savannah River Area Chattahoochee Flint Coastal Georgia Coosa Valley Georgia Mountains Heart of Georgia-Altamaha Lower Chattahoochee McIntosh Trail Middle Flint Middle Georgia North Georgia Northeast Georgia South Georgia Southeast Georgia Southwest Georgia Statewide C&D Total Disposal Capacity by RDC Construction and Demolition Waste Landfills FY 2008 Total Tons Remaining Permitted Capacity Remaining Permitted Capacity Disposed (Cubic Yards) (Years) 2,347,333 70,311 15,667 211,096 43,350 407,227 39,531 5,167 32,008 26,507 79,355 6,942 202,499 9,063 36,264 71,119 35,767,490 3,240,104 387,907 22,532,853 822,866 11,639,895 3,070,292 N/A 970,841 466,287 3,613,329 4,247,980 16,924,869 10,224 574,538 11,138,258 12.5 33.2 11.9 96.4 16.3 33.3 44.9 N/A 23.3 16.6 32.7 196.7 40.9 0.4 35.0 47.0 3,603,439 115,407,733 25.1 Regional Development Center Atlanta Regional Commission Central Savannah River Area Chattahoochee Flint Coastal Georgia Coosa Valley Georgia Mountains Heart of Georgia-Altamaha Lower Chattahoochee McIntosh Trail Middle Flint Middle Georgia North Georgia Northeast Georgia South Georgia Southeast Georgia Southwest Georgia Statewide MSW Total Disposal Capacity by RDC Municipal Solid Waste Landfills FY 2008 Total Tons Remaining Permitted Capacity Remaining Permitted Capacity Disposed 2,932,124 370,584 124,855 600,476 779,567 1,746,399 858,237 (Cubic Yards) 101,603,112 58,687,696 3,592,617 7,380,579 30,917,463 53,057,804 12,848,920 (Years) 28.7 119.6 25.2 8.6 23.0 20.0 12.7 75,946 1,021,792 424,107 869,079 261,761 812,622 594,144 804,571 346,909 5,035,574 23.9 39,597,999 33.6 57,147,722 77.1 18,980,876 14.6 21,082,015 56.4 4,605,484 4.7 17,124,821 11.8 17,068,193 16.4 8,572,739 20.1 12,623,173 457,303,614 26.6 Note: For the purposes of reporting regional capacity, MSW landfills that receive C&D waste in specially-designated cells have their tons received recorded as C&D, but their remaining capacity is represented in these tables as MSW, in accordance with their permits. For details on these facilities, please see the table beginning on page A-8. A - 7 Revised July 31, 2009 Disposal and Capacity 2008 Report County Facility Name Atlanta Regional Commission C&D Cherokee Cherokee Construction And Demolition Landfill Cherokee Cherokee Co.-Swims- SR 92 Ph 5 Clayton Stephens MDS, LP, C&D DeKalb BFI-East DeKalb Landfill DeKalb APAC/Ga - Donzi Ln Ph 5a (L) DeKalb Rogers Lake Road C&D Landfill DeKalb DeKalb Co.-Seminole Rd Ph 2 (Sl) Douglas Douglas Co. - Cedar Mt/Worthan Rd Ph 1 (SL) Fulton Safeguard Landfill Management C & D Fulton Chadwick Rd Landfill, Inc. Fulton Willow Oak C&D Landfill MSW Cherokee Cherokee Co. - Pine Bluff Landfill, Inc. Clayton Clayton Co. - SR 3 Lovejoy Site # 3 DeKalb DeKalb Co. - Seminole Rd Ph 2a, 3, & 4 (SL) DeKalb BFI - Hickory Ridge (MSWL) Fulton Chambers - Bolton Rd (SL) Gwinnett BFI-Richland Creek Rd (SL) Central Savannah River Area C&D Burke Burke Co. - Clarke Rd. Columbia Columbia Co. - Sample & Son (C&D) Jenkins Jenkins Co. - CR 54 Richmond US Army-Ft. Gordon/Gibson Rd. Washington Washington Co. - Kaolin Rd. MSW Columbia Columbia Co. - Baker Place Rd (Sl), Ph 2 Jefferson Jefferson Co. - CR138 Richmond Richmond Co. - Deans Bridge Rd. Washington Washington Co. - Kaolin Rd. Chattahoochee Flint C&D Coweta Coweta Co. - Ishman Ballard Rd. Landfill Total Tons Domain Facility Disposed Type FY 2008 Remaining Capacity (CY) Average Daily Tons Rate of Fill (CYD) 138,023 Private C&D 40,982 Private 853 Private 28,752 Private 519,483 Private 261,207 Private 109,029 Public 29,250 Public C&D C&D C&D C&D C&D C&D C&D 510,801 Private 231,689 Private 477,264 Private C&D C&D C&D 1,248,275 53,643 676,016 Private Public Public MSWL MSWL MSWL 154,020 24,158 776,012 Private Private Private MSWL MSWL MSWL 2,693,413 130,910 14,219,633 148,023 675,000 734,465 89,757 567,746 1,747,566 2,052,631 12,708,346 37,651,770 2,886,189 49,032,309 253,978 57,100 11,721,766 397 133 53 213 1,703 875 356 97 1,910 800 1,500 4,500 174 2,207 546 80 2,610 567 266 97 225 1,190 1,342 308 193 3,183 1,356 2,308 6,000 347 2,247 596 186 4,238 20,552 42,610 4,994 623 1,532 Public Private Public Public Public 10 14,640 348,552 7,382 Public Public Public Public C&D C&D C&D C&D MSWL MSWL MSWL MSWL MSWL 118,659 2,896,451 88,194 136,800 61,425 In closure 1,338,413 56,027,297 1,260,561 14 140 22 28 25 47 1,230 37 55 209 55 56 37 94 1,655 101 2,932 Public C&D 222,514 A - 8 Revised July 31, 2009 16 40 Remaining Permitted Capacity (Years) 17 2 564 2 2 2 1 10 2 5 20 26 27 67 1 1 10 8 45 65 14 7 46 116 48 18 Disposal and Capacity 2008 Report County Facility Name Troup MSW Troup Troup Co. - S.R. 109 Mountville LaGrange - I 85/ S.R. 109 Coastal Georgia C&D Camden Camden Co. - S.R. 110 C/D/I Landfill Glynn Liberty Eller - Whitlock Ave U. S. Army Ft. Stewart Main Cantonment MSW Camden Camden Co. - S.R. 110 Chatham Savannah - Dean Forest Rd. Chatham Superior Landfill & Recycling Center Liberty U. S. Army Ft. Stewart Main Cantonment McIntosh McIntosh Co. - King Rd. Coosa Valley C&D Bartow Floyd Paulding Walker Walker MSW Bartow Co. - S.R. 294 Emerson Floyd Co. - Rome Walker Mtn. Rd. Paulding Co. Gulledge Rd. Walker Co. - Marble Top Rd. LaFayette-Coffman Springs Rd. Bartow Floyd Gordon Polk Bartow Co. - S.R. 294 Emerson Rome Walker Mtn. Rd., Gordon Co. Redbone Ridge Rd. Polk Co. - Grady Rd. Georgia Mountains C&D Forsyth Forsyth Franklin Hall Eagle Point Landfill Greenleaf Recycling, LLC Earth Resources LLC Reliable Tire Service Habersham Habersham Co. S.R.13 Rabun Stephens MSW Banks Forsyth Habersham Rabun Co. -- Boggs Mountain Stephens Co.-S.R. 145 Chambers R&B Landfill Site #2 Eagle Point Landfill Habersham Co. S.R.13 Total Tons Domain Facility Disposed Type FY 2008 12,735 Public C&D 124,855 Public MSWL Remaining Capacity (CY) Average Daily Tons Rate of Fill (CYD) 165,393 42 85 3,592,617 401 549 195,942 13,173 1,981 Public Private Public C&D C&D C&D 63,172 119,247 390,965 9,550 17,542 Public Public Private Public Public MSWL MSWL MSWL Unlined MSWL Unlined MSWL 22,364,832 44,866 123,155 1,457,443 1,738,785 3,005,447 576,070 602,834 734 42 7 230 422 1,270 33 56 815 70 14 460 843 1,807 67 112 31 14,387 4,608 23,642 682 96,081 76,302 264,902 342,282 Public Public Public Public Public Public Public Public Public C&D C&D C&D C&D C&D MSWL MSWL MSWL MSWL 11,000 260,841 1,721 446,816 102,488 11,180,000 5,023,350 12,968,385 1,745,728 0 46 0 70 3 333 351 1,138 1,185 0 48 1 140 5 505 702 2,106 1,851 191,576 56,396 7,982 130,880 10,521 5,838 4,034 946,574 687,819 26,821 Private Private Private Private Public MSWL C&D C&D C&D MSWL 3,162,953 839,167 8,668,428 1,859,855 Public Public C&D C&D 141,035 216,450 55,995 Private Private Public MSWL MSWL MSWL 14,114,415 29,155,823 868,104 A - 9 Revised July 31, 2009 709 184 39 450 36 17 16 3,000 2,266 95 1,289 367 57 789 66 50 31 4,412 3,777 146 Remaining Permitted Capacity (Years) 6 23 88 2 31 10 7 6 30 17 234 20 11 13 70 8 23 22 3 9 7 528 8 8 16 7 10 27 21 Disposal and Capacity 2008 Report County Facility Name Hall Hall Co.-Candler Rd. (S.R. 60) Heart of Georgia-Altamaha C&D Appling Appling Co.-Roaring Creek Evans Evans Co. -- Little Bull Creek C&D Laurens Laurens Co. - Old Macon Road Toombs Toombs Co. - S1898 MSW Candler Candler Co. - S.R. 121 Laurens Laurens Co. - Old Macon Rd. Telfair Telfair Co. - CR 144 Toombs Toombs Co. - S 1898 Wayne Wayne Co. - S.R. 23 Broadhurst Lower Chattahoochee C&D Muscogee Columbus, Pine Grove MSW Muscogee Columbus, Pine Grove McIntosh Trail C&D Spalding Spalding Co. - Griffin/Shoal Creek Rd. (Phase 2) MSW Butts Butts Co. - Pine Ridge Recycling Lamar Lamar Co. - Cedar Grove Regional Middle Flint C&D Macon Macon Co. - Middle Georgia SWMA Regional MSWL MSW Crisp Crisp Co. - U.S. 41S Taylor Veolia E.S. Taylor Co. Landfill Middle Georgia C&D Bibb Swift Creek Landfill Houston Houston Co. - S.R.247 Klondike MSW Bibb Macon - Walker Rd. Bibb Houston Monroe Twiggs Swift Creek MSW Landfill Houston Co. - S.R. 247 Klondike Monroe Co. Strickland Loop Rd. Wolf Creek Landfill Total Tons Domain Facility Disposed Type FY 2008 85,185 Public MSWL 3,996 Public 5,192 23,384 6,959 11,574 30,235 14,314 47,712 754,402 Private Public Public Public Public Public Public Private C&D C&D MSWL C&D MSWL MSWL MSWL MSWL MSWL 5,167 Public MSWL 75,946 Public MSWL 32,008 Public C&D 946,283 75,482 Private Public MSWL MSWL 26,507 Public C&D 46,532 377,575 Public Private MSWL MSWL 19,470 59,885 Private Public C&D C&D 117,505 205,281 160,172 18,395 367,726 Public Private Public Public Public Unlined MSWL MSWL MSWL MSWL MSWL Remaining Capacity (CY) Average Daily Tons Rate of Fill (CYD) 5,615,474 266 532 430,911 2,434,785 272,415 204,596 343,423 1,925,224 204,596 1,470,270 8,632,992 200,306 4,835,268 16 23 77 75 43 95 75 150 2,861 21 304 37 76 210 150 77 202 150 300 2,949 75 736 970,841 3,3573,784 6,024,215 112 3,334 391 160 4,081 455 466287 9,346,198 47,801,524 358,761 3,254,568 1,924,398 1,076,015 3,429,998 2,170,246 10,380,219 53 169 2000 12 202 377 892 512 55 1,114 108 352 2,500 21 404 753 1,230 853 322 1,857 Remaining Permitted Capacity (Years) 34 54 113 4 5 18 31 5 18 10 11 26 21 29 47 17 96 68 64 26 8 3 13 20 20 A - 10 Revised July 31, 2009 Disposal and Capacity 2008 Report County Facility Name North Georgia C&D Pickens K&M MSW Murray Murray Co. - U.S. 411 Westside Whitfield Whitfield Co. - Dalton, Old Dixie Hwy. Northeast Georgia C&D Newton Newton Co. - Forest Tower/Lower River Rd. Oglethorpe Olgethorpe Co. - U.S. 78 Phase 2 Walton Republic U.S. 78 C&D Landfill Walton Walton C&D MSW Barrow Republic Waste - Oak Grove S.R. 324 Clarke Clarke Co. - Athens Dunlap Rd. Newton Newton Co. - Lower River Rd. South Georgia C&D Ben Hill Fitzgerald, Kiochee Church Rd. Ph. 2 Cook Cook Co. - Taylor Rd. Adel MSW Ben Hill Fitzgerald, Kiochee Church Rd. Ph. 2 Cook Cook Co. - Taylor Rd. Lowndes Veolia E.S. Pecan Row Lowndes Veolia E.S. Evergreen MSWL Tift Tifton- Omega/Eldorado Rd. Southeast Georgia C&D Atkinson Atkinson Co.-S.R. 50 Coffee Transwaste Services, Inc. C.R. 129/17 MSW Atkinson Atkinson Co.-S.R. 50 Charlton Chesser Island Road Landfill, Inc. Southwest Georgia C&D Dougherty Dougherty Co.- Fleming/Gaissert Rd. Dougherty Maple Hill LF3 Thomas Thomasville/Sunset Dr. MSW Decatur U.S. Hwy. 27 MSWL Dougherty Dougherty Co. - Fleming/Gaissert Rd. Grady Cairo-Sixth Ave Total Tons Domain Facility Disposed Type FY 2008 Remaining Capacity (CY) Average Daily Tons Rate of Fill (CYD) 6,942 116,912 144,849 Private Public Public C&D MSWL MSWL 4,247,940 13,011,107 8,070,908 33 83 453 666 502 772 0 Public 26,777 82,236 93,486 641,632 85,426 85,564 Public Private Private Private Public Public C&D C&D C&D C&D MSWL MSWL MSWL 275,198 637,768 13,621,367 2,390,536 1,593,257 1,458,001 1,554,226 98 86 339 334 2,307 279 220 163 172 588 668 2,816 599 344 1,423 7,640 Public Public 0 8,304 532,927 24 52,889 Public Public Private Private Public MSWL C&D MSWL MSWL MSWL MSWL MSWL 76,884 10,224 631,176 10,224 14,303,642 1,431,336 671,559 6 50 2 50 2,000 2,421 182 10 100 3 100 2,500 2,690 269 36,068 196 Public Private 55,039 749,532 Public Private MSWL C&D MSWL MSWL 3,279,259 574,538 3,279,259 10,509,675 217 31 217 2,800 249 63 249 3,500 14,920 Public 25,089 Private 31,110 Public MSWL C&D C&D 257,951 10,441,049 697,209 106,722 94,991 30,722 Public Public Public MSWL MSWL Unlined MSW 1,169,772 4,398,264 284,078 A - 11 Revised July 31, 2009 49 82 115 230 218 681 400 412 310 442 73 145 Remaining Permitted Capacity (Years) 179 72 34 5 12 90 13 2 8 15 30 0 758 0 20 2 9 51 53 51 10 10 181 4 10 33 8 Disposal and Capacity 2008 Report County Thomas Facility Name Thomasville/Sunset Dr. Total Tons Domain Facility Disposed Type FY 2008 114,474 Public Landfill MSWL Remaining Capacity (CY) Average Daily Tons Rate of Fill (CYD) 2,462,674 143 558 Remaining Permitted Capacity (Years) 16 A - 12 Revised July 31, 2009 Per Capita Disposal 2008 Solid Waste Management Update Georgia's waste reduction efforts and continued permitting of new Construction and Demolition landfills, combined with the economic downturn and influx of refugees from the Katrina disaster pushing the state's population near 10 million, has resulted in a marked lowering of Georgia's per-capita disposal rates. As more MSW landfills create special sections of their facilities to accept only C&D waste, they divert that waste stream from their MSW cells, thereby lowering the overall per-capita MSW disposal rates. When excluding out-of-state waste imports, the amount of waste entering Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) landfills fell to 6.07 lbs/person/day in FY 2008. Since FY 1998, the per capita municipal solid waste disposal rate had grown from 6.44 lbs/person/day to about 7.5 lbs/person/day in FY 2007. But in FY 2008, Georgia's MSW landfills received 7.14 pounds of waste daily for each resident. Looking at records that exclude the amount of waste disposed from out-of-state sources, the per capita MSW disposal rate has been even lower, climbing from 6.24 lbs/person/day in FY 1998 to 6.46 lbs/person/day in FY 2007 before falling to 6.07 lbs/person/day in FY 2008. As shown in the Per Capita Daily Waste Disposal graph, there is more than one way to track per-capita disposal rates. In FY 2008, 16,226,612 tons of waste entered Construction/Demolition and MSW landfills in the Georgia. When looking at the reported total amounts of waste disposed, the per capita waste disposal rate fell to 9.18 lbs/person/day in FY 2008, down from 10.17 lbs/person/day in FY 2007. This figure represents all waste entering MSW and C&D landfills, including out-ofstate sources. It includes residential waste, sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants, some industrial waste, construction debris, commercial and business waste, and waste brought here from other states. It does not include waste sent to incinerators or composting operations. Per-Capita Daily Waste Disposal 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Total Waste MSW 2004 2005 2006 Georgia MSW C&D 2007 2008 B-1 Revised July 31, 2009 Per Capita Disposal 2008 Update Looking at the disposal rate at MSW landfills only, including waste disposed from out-of-state sources, the per capita disposal rate has hovered at about 7.5 pounds per person per day in recent years before dropping in FY 2008. It should be noted that these rates reflect all waste entering a MSW landfill as reported to the EPD, not just MSW. According to a 2001 study, about two-thirds of the waste disposed in MSW landfills is actually MSW. Based upon this estimate, the FY 2008 per capita MSW disposal rate, excluding waste imported into the state, is approximately 4.04 lbs/person/day. Imported waste has grown ten-fold, from representing 0.1/lb/person/day in 1998 (less than 200,000 tons) to 1.07 lbs/person/day in FY 2008 (nearly 1.9 million tons.) Fiscal Year 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Population 7,844,792 Georgia Waste Disposal Rate and Population FY 1999-2008 Total Waste Total Waste Total Waste Landfilled Landfilled Disposed in (Millions of tons) (Pounds/ MSW Landfills person/day) (Tons) 11.43 7.98 9,382,622 Out of State Waste (Tons) 453,875 Total MSW (Pounds/ person/day) 6.55 8,015,626 12.71 8.69 9,724,736 511,472 6.65 8,186,453 13.36 8.94 10,678,980 893,651 7.15 8,383,915 13.04 8.52 10,233,692 950,779 6.68 8,544,005 14.25 9.14 11,135,473 1,197,686 7.14 8,684,715 15.77 9.95 11,916,124 1,633,182 7.52 8,918,129 16.46 9.85 12,155,598 1,627,044 7.47 9,132,553 16.66 9.77 12,531,898 1,889,312 7.52 9,363,941 17.39 10.17 12,746,159 1,942,647 7.45 9,685,744 16.27 9.18 12,623,173 1,857,687 7.14 GA MSW (Pounds/ person/day) 6.24 6.30 6.55 6.05 6.38 6.50 6.52 6.48 6.46 6.07 B-2 Revised July 31, 2009 Solid Waste & Recycling Collection 2008 Solid Waste Management Update Waste Collection The primary objective of waste management is to protect the public and environment from potential harm. The traditional role of government in solid waste management is the creation and enforcement of regulation to ensure the safety of the public and environment. A historical as well as a futuristic view is necessary to be able to enact and enforce relevant effective regulation. One way of acquiring a historical and futuristic view is by using a set of metrics that captures and analyzes the key indicators of a solid waste management program. The Annual Solid Waste Management Survey Residential Waste and Recyclables and Full Cost Report provide us with information on some of the key indicators of solid waste management programs throughout the State. Collection FY 2006 - 2008 2006 2007 2008 This update will focus on the level and type of solid waste collection, processing and, recycling methods available throughout the State. The level and type of solid waste, recycling and yard trimmings collection services provided throughout the state varies greatly depending upon a community's size, density and demographic profile. The data contained in this report is obtained mainly from the No. of local governments responding 631 643 663 to Solid Waste Management Survey Solid Waste Service Providers Local governments 593 640 509 providing/arranging for residential waste collection Provided by public sector 335 347 429 Provided by private sector 356 293 214 Annual Solid Waste Management Survey and Full Cost Report. This data is used to acquire an over-all "annual snapshot" of solid waste and recycling activities in the State. Before applying any analysis to this data it should be Types of Residential Programs Curbside/backdoor City County 436 448 370 66 71 45 noted that annual response rates vary greatly and may contribute to the variations in trends. In the table entitled Residential Waste & Recyclables Collection the changing role of local governments as solid waste collection service providers is highlighted. Many local governments are now "providing for" rather than "arranging for" solid waste collection services. One potential trend appears to be the increasing availability of recycling services. In FY 2006 66% of local governments who provided or arranged for residential waste collection for Staffed Drop-off City 42 21 43 County 80 57 78 Unstaffed Drop-off City 40 26 22 County 43 32 14 Dumpsters (Green box) City 23 20 22 County 25 17 27 Recycling Service Providers Local governments making residential 395 408 401 recycling services available their residents, also made recycling services available, in FY 2008 this number increased to 79%. Provided by public sector Provided by private sector 264 290 315 77 112 104 Local governments can partner with the private sector to Provided by non-profit organization 80 80 108 manage the waste generated within their communities by using permits, ordinances, franchise agreements, and/or contracts. Permits and ordinances governing the collection of solid waste are typically the least restrictive tools local governments use to manage solid waste collection in their community. Collection ordinances typically establish general standards by which a private sector service provider must operate. Franchise agreements, either exclusive or open, generally establish a minimum level of services that must be provided by all service providers and usually stipulate the specific operating standards. A contract between a local government and private waste service provider provides the greatest degree of management control over the waste stream, with the local government setting forth specific performance measures and standards to be met Private/Public Partnerships for Residential Waste Collection FY 2006 - 2008 2006 2007 2008 City County City County City County Private collection does not exist 181 59 199 58 199 58 Issue permit or license 57 37 68 41 69 41 Local ordinance 267 84 278 95 279 95 Franchise agreement 142 41 149 42 150 42 Governments contract 260 63 274 64 275 64 by both parties. Open competition -- no local 169 72 151 74 151 74 government oversight C - 1 Revised July 31, 2009 Solid Waste & Recycling Collection 2008 Update The number of local governments reporting they use ordinances continues to increase (351 in FY 2006 to 374 in FY 2008). The wording of this question as well as the section of the survey in which the question was asked was changed in FY 2005. We will continue to monitor the trending of this question in the future. As can be seen in the Residential Waste and Recyclables Collection table (C-1), the types of residential solid waste collection services range from "green box" or Dumpster drop-off service to curbside or backdoor pick-up. One trend the Department of Community Affairs has been tracking for several years is the use of Dumpsters. They are often placed in unsupervised areas, usually in rural communities, for trash collection and frequently become dumping grounds for everything from household trash to disabled vehicles, tires, and animal carcasses. They can become an eyesore in a community and attract waste from neighboring jurisdictions. The number of local governments using green boxes for residential waste collection has dwindled. In 1994, 74 cities and 99 counties reported using them for residential waste collection. In FY 2008, just 22 cities and 27 counties Yard Trimmings Management FY 2006 - 2008 2006 2007 2008 City County City County City County Promote home composting and grasscycling 25 25 22 29 28 21 reported using green boxes. Provide for collection 258 33 326 56 304 45 and disposal Collection Options Yard Trimmings Collection Staffed drop-off facilities 19 28 21 28 12 31 The number of local governments reporting that they Unstaffed drop-off facilities 9 3 10 3 10 3 provide for the collection and disposal of yard Curbside collection 294 22 302 21 295 17 trimmings increased from 291 in FY 2006 to 349 in FY 2008. The number of local government reporting Accepted at 21 32 23 31 15 24 landfill/transfer station they provide the service has increased from 253 in FY 2006 to 290 in FY 2008. The type of collection service options ranged from accepting yard trimmings at solid waste management facilities like a solid waste transfer station to curbside collection programs. Recyclables Collection Residential Recycling Service Providers FY 2006 - 2008 During FY 2008, 401 local governments reported they provided or arranged for 450 residential recycling services in their 400 communities. As can be seen in the Residential Recycling Services Providers 350 graph, the strong tradition of public, private, 300 and non-profit partnerships used to provide recycling services throughout Georgia 250 continues, however it appears that the public sector maybe taking a stronger role in 200 providing collection services. 150 The number of local governments whose 100 residents have access to recycling services has increased slightly during the last three 50 years. Collection programs for paper, beverage 0 containers and plastics continue to rise. It appears that cities and counties are expanding collection programs at about the same rate. This increase in programs may be linked to the rise in prices for recyclable commodities. What is notable is the increase in the number of Counties who reported collecting other 2006 2007 2008 Governments with recycling services available to residents Provided by public sector Provided by private vendor Provided by non-profit organization C - 2 Revised July 31, 2009 Solid Waste & Recycling Collection 2008 Update Household Hazardous Waste. As shown in the Number of Jurisdictions Collecting Materials for Recycling tables on page C-4, there has been a steady increase in the number of local governments making residential recycling services available in their jurisdictions. Nationally and regionally, market prices for recycled materials have risen steadily. Over the past year we have seen a stabilization of the price for recycled materials. This price stabilization along with local residents demand has prompted local governments to add recycling services and to increase the number of materials they accept in their program. This report does not address the scale of the individual local recycling operations, which would be difficult to quantify. Rather, it focuses upon the level of recycling services being offered throughout the state. Since 1992, newspaper has been reported as the residential recyclable material most widely collected in Georgia, followed by aluminum cans. During FY 2008, the most popular commodities recycled from residences were newspaper (492 jurisdictions reporting collection); aluminum (448); corrugated cardboard (431); magazines (430); and Phone books (415). It should be noted that there was a decrease in the number of jurisdictions collecting these materials. We will continue to monitor this decrease. The tables on page C-4 tally the number of local governments collecting commercial and residential materials for recycling. Recyclables Processing In FY 2008 145 local governments reported processing residential recyclables as source separated materials, or reported that they collect source-separated materials from their customers. Source-separated means the materials are separated before being collected, typically by the consumer. For example, a homeowner may have to place glass, plastic and metal in separate containers before collection. Commingled collection means the consumer places all the material in one container and the material is sorted after collection, often by paid staff, inmates or probationers. Processing of Residential Recyclables FY 2006 - 2008 2006 2007 2008 City County City County City County Source-separated 79 97 77 92 74 71 Commingled 46 14 31 13 78 21 Both 6 9 9 8 23 20 C - 3 Revised July 31, 2009 Solid Waste & Recycling Collection 2008 Update Number of Jurisdictions Collecting Number of Jurisdictions Collecting Residential Materials for Recycling by Commercial Materials for Recycling Type by Type FY 2005 - 2008 FY 2005 - 2008 2005 2006 2007 2008 Automobile components tires auto batteries motor oil Metals aluminum scrap metal Paper newspaper magazines corrugated cardboard white paper phone books other paper Misc. plastic glass 2005 2006 2007 2008 62 54 47 31 44 38 13 26 50 36 14 24 248 196 187 74 106 94 94 49 293 254 252 69 189 84 67 48 202 177 174 83 98 66 66 * 163 71 71 60 92 50 31 35 214 181 162 * 139 57 47 56 Automobile components tires auto batteries antifreeze motor oil oil filters Metals aluminum steel cans scrap metal aerosol cans Paper newspaper magazines corrugated cardboard phone books paper board other paper Misc. 117 142 127 224 89 100 88 167 18 21 24 78 66 95 100 187 18 28 25 75 292 452 463 448 118 226 228 289 124 208 204 294 16 39 35 101 344 509 507 492 269 378 381 430 280 368 386 431 202 322 324 415 111 72 105 293 172 236 253 339 #1 plastic 247 360 363 378 #2 plastic 208 311 324 348 other plastic 52 69 72 238 glass 180 303 311 361 white goods 246 225 222 324 Christmas trees 253 262 254 363 Transfer Stations With fewer, more regional-sized landfills in the state and a C&D materials agricultural chemical containers 51 48 45 0 15 10 8 37 wide array of solid waste collection programs, solid waste electronics 12 transfer stations continue to be a popular method of Household streamlining solid waste collection services. Transfer stations Hazardous Waste are especially effective when collection routes are farther paint 42 than 50 miles from a landfill. Combining several conventional cleaning products 0 76 102 221 29 27 93 2 0 44 rear-loader garbage truck loads into a single tractor-trailer for pesticides 4 4 4 19 the trip to the landfill saves fuel costs, vehicle wear and tear, other 19 12 6 65 and means fewer trucks can service more customers. Only 70 counties reported that they or their contractors used transfer stations for the collection or disposal of residential waste in FY 2005. By FY 2008, 82 counties or their contractors were using transfer stations to manage residential waste. Use of Solid Waste Transfer Stations FY 2005 - 2008 City County 2005 153 70 2006 157 72 2007 157 77 2008 106 82 C - 4 Revised July 31, 2009 Solid Waste & Recycling Collection 2008 Update Georgia banned yard trimmings from lined Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) landfills in 1996, as part of an effort to extend landfill disposal capacity. Effective September 1st 1996, each city, county and solid waste management authority was required to impose restrictions on yard trimmings generated in or disposed within their jurisdiction. The restrictions required that yard trimmings: Not be placed in or mixed with municipal solid waste; Yard Trimmings Management Be sorted and stored for collection to facilitate composting or other handling; FY 2006 - 2008 2006 2007 2008 To the maximum extent feasible be sorted, stockpiled or chipped for composting or used as a mulch or for other beneficial purposes; and Be banned from disposal at MSW disposal facilities having liners and leachate collection systems. City County City County City County Promote Home 25 25 22 29 28 21 Composting and Beneficial Reuse Provide for collection 258 33 326 56 304 45 and disposal Collection Annually, DCA surveys local governments to determine how they collect, process and use yard trimmings generated within their communities. During FY 2008, 28 cities and 21 counties reported actively promoting waste minimization practices such as home composting or beneficial reuse of yard trimmings. During FY 2008, 304 cities and 45 counties reported Not available 178 96 189 96 203 98 Your government 242 76 245 8 254 36 Another government 17 22 12 9 4 0 Solid Waste 8 11 7 8 1 1 Authority Private vendor via 11 24 8 17 8 0 individual subscription Private vendor via 35 11 36 9 35 5 government contract collecting yard trimmings for diversion from MSW Collection Options landfills. It is not surprising, given lot sizes and Staffed drop-off 16 32 20 29 12 31 population densities, that cities lead the way in facilities providing yard trimmings collection services. Most local Unstaffed drop-off facilities 10 8 10 3 10 3 governments also reported that they provided the Curbside collection 240 16 277 22 295 17 collection services with just a few indicating they contracted with a private vendor to collect yard Accepted at landfill/transfer station 21 44 23 54 15 24 trimmings. In many areas, especially urban and Other 8 6 suburban communities, the visible result of the yard trimmings ban has been the presence of large paper Processing Methods Composting 48 18 35 9 9 1 Solid waste landfill 22 8 42 5 40 1 bags of leaves and grass at curbsides. Collection of Inert landfill 154 92 104 30 63 16 yard trimmings in paper bags enables them to be ground into a mulch or feedstock for composting. The Grind/chip into mulch Own a 183 76 158 30 99 12 143 29 144 17 0 0 majority of local governments who reported collecting chipper/shredder yard trimmings either ground or shredded the collected Contract out 31 33 47 21 chipping/shredding 0 0 material for use as mulch, however 79 local Use another local 18 9 21 3 0 0 governments reported disposing the collected materials government's into an inert landfill. Composting and chip into mulch were also reported as common processing methods. chipper/shredder Burning Other 24 4 26 0 21 0 23 6 0 0 10 1 Yard trimmings, when processed properly, have Beneficial Use Give away 178 68 159 16 73 0 numerous beneficial uses in a community. The use of Sell 8 8 11 3 2 0 compost and mulch is extremely beneficial for slowing storm-water runoff and retaining moisture around Used by local 97 41 48 17 7 0 government Becomes property of 39 15 39 21 15 0 plants. Many local governments use processed yard private contractor trimmings as mulch for their landscaping and civil engineering applications or report offering the processed yard trimmings to their citizens for residential landscaping. C - 5 Revised July 31, 2009 MSW and C&D Landfill Tipping Fees 2008 Solid Waste Management Update Landfill tipping fees across Georgia remain competitive with other Southeastern states. Posted gate rate tipping fees have steadily risen in recent years, but the increasing amount of waste sent to Georgia for disposal indicates the actual contract prices per ton remain attractive to waste hauling companies, compared with our neighboring states. Annually during the month of July, DCA conducts a phone survey of the landfills in the state to identify their posted "gate rate" tipping fee to calculate regional and statewide average disposal fees. Based upon these surveys, the average tipping fee for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in the state fell slightly from $35.08 in 2007 to $34.92 in 2008. It should be noted that the fees reported represent an average of the posted gate rates charged by landfills throughout the state; actual prices paid are frequently lower, sometimes by more than half, depending on volume discounts offered to waste haulers, businesses, and local governments. Also, several large Atlanta landfills post high gate rates in an effort to dissuade customers with small loads. DCA also tracks tipping fees for Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste. C&D tipping fees rose from a statewide weighted average of $21.11 in 2007 to $23.72. 2008 Landfill Tipping Fees MSW Legend $24.00 - $30.00 $30.01 - $35.00 $35.01 - $40.00 $40.01 - $45.00 $45.01 - $50.00 C&D Legend Data Not Available $14.00- $20.00 $20.01 - $25.00 $25.01 - $30.00 $30.01 - $35.00 $35.01 - $40.00 D-1 Revised July 31, 2009 MSW and C&D Landfill Tipping Fees 2008 Update Region Coosa Valley Georgia Mountains Atlanta Regional Commission Chattahoochee Flint Northeast Georgia Middle Georgia Central Savannah River Area Lower Chattahoochee Heart of Georgia-Altamaha Southwest Georgia South Georgia Coastal Georgia McIntosh Trail Middle Flint North Georgia Southeast Georgia State of Georgia 2008 Average MSW Tipping Fee $32.50 $37.51 $36.80 $30.00 $36.76 $29.64 $33.44 $27.50 $30.22 $25.62 $41.89 $47.28 $32.01 $35.83 $31.57 $30.51 $34.92 2007 Average MSW Tipping Fee $32.57 $37.20 $38.26 $30.00 $36.69 $27.88 $33.50 $27.50 $30.16 $24.99 $39.04 $47.13 $32.17 $37.58 $31.65 $30.49 $35.08 2006 Average MSW Tipping Fee $32.70 $37.26 $38.40 $31.90 $36.92 $26.01 $33.55 $27.50 $30.19 $24.86 $38.94 $47.13 $32.11 $35.91 $31.65 $30.46 $35.51 Region Coosa Valley Georgia Mountains Atlanta Regional Commission Chattahoochee Flint Northeast Georgia Middle Georgia Central Savannah River Area Lower Chattahoochee Heart of Georgia-Altamaha Southwest Georgia South Georgia Coastal Georgia McIntosh Trail Middle Flint North Georgia* Southeast Georgia State of Georgia 2008 Average C&D Tipping Fee $20.93 $32.29 $18.07 $15.84 $24.74 $16.26 $30.56 $25.50 $26.50 $19.73 $39.50 $30.38 $29.58 $22.50 $25.75 $22.00 $23.72 2007 Average C&D Tipping Fee $19.23 $27.28 $22.42 $37.11 $23.37 $15.50 $30.54 $25.50 $25.36 n/a n/a $21.63 $26.55 $22.50 n/a $22.00 21.11 2006 Average C&D Tipping Fee $18.73 $31.20 $21.96 $29.29 $23.31 $16.26 $30.65 $24.38 $25.45 $16.50 $34.38 $14.65 $26.55 22.50 n/a 25.67 22.09 D-2 Revised July 31, 2009 MSW and C&D Landfill Tipping Fees 2008 Update MSW 2007 Landfill Tipping Fees C&D Legend $24.00 - $30.00 $30.01 - $35.00 $35.01 - $40.00 $40.01 - $45.00 $45.01 - $50.00 Legend Data Not Available $14.00- $20.00 $20.01 - $25.00 $25.01 - $30.00 $30.01 - $35.00 $35.01 - $40.00 MSW 2006 Landfill Tipping Fees Legend $24.00 - $30.00 $30.01 - $35.00 $35.01 - $40.00 $40.01 - $45.00 $45.01 - $50.00 C&D Legend Data Not Available $14.00- $20.00 $20.01 - $25.00 $25.01 - $30.00 $30.01 - $35.00 $35.01 - $40.00 Calculating Weighted Average Tipping Fees To account for tonnage disparities between large and small landfills, a weighted average tipping fee was used. If out-of-county residents or businesses were charged a higher rate than in-county customers, the higher rate was used. Tipping fees charged for MSW at transfer stations were excluded. When tipping fee rates were reported by volume rather than weight, a ratio of four cubic yards to one ton (4 CY: 1 ton) was used to approximate weight-based rates. Weighted averages were calculated for the area served by each RDC and for the state by multiplying the Average Daily Tons received at each facility (ADT) by the per-ton gate fee, divided by the total ADT for all landfill facilities within each region and within the state. The process was repeated for C&D landfills. To avoid double counting, Average Daily Tonnage was assigned to the MSW column for those facilities charging the same rate for MSW and C&D waste. Most facilities charge the same rate for C&D and MSW received, but a significant number do not. In these cases, the landfills were asked to provide an approximate ratio of MSW to C&D waste received. Weighted averages were calculated using the method described above, with the Average Daily Tons reported split accordingly between MSW and C&D. For facilities that reported receiving no C&D waste, their fees were not used in calculating average C&D fees. D-3 Revised July 31, 2009 Grants and Loans to Local Governments 2008 Solid Waste Management Update During Fiscal Year 2008, over 2.9 million dollars ($2,927,020) in Solid Waste Trust Fund (SWTF) receipts were awarded to Georgia communities to help them manage solid waste. By fostering the development of local, integrated solid waste management programs, the SWTF, funded by a $1 per tire fee when new tires are purchased in the state, is used for scrap tire management and cleanup; closure of abandoned landfills, grants to local governments for waste reduction and recycling; emergency, preventative and corrective actions at solid waste facilities, market development from recycled products; solid waste education and enforcement; and litter prevention and abatement. The fund is used to support the Environmental Protection Division's (EPD) Local Government Enforcement and Education Grant program, the Georgia Environmental Facilities Authority's (GEFA) Recycling and Waste Reduction Grant program, solid waste programs offered by the Georgia Department of Community Affairs (DCA) and other state agencies, and local government programs striving to reduce and manage the solid waste disposed in Georgia. In addition to the programs supported by the SWTF, the Georgia Environmental Facilities Authority and Georgia Department of Community Affairs have other grant and loan programs available to local governments to support their solid waste management efforts. Environmental Protection Division (EPD) EPD's Local Government Enforcement and Education grant program was designed to support local efforts to prevent and enforce against illegal scrap tire and solid waste disposal. The program gives local governments financial incentives to use enforcement and education activities to address: 1. The management of scrap tires, including preventing the illegal dumping of scrap tires; 2. Solid waste reduction and the controlling of illegal dumps; and 3. Other environmental issues. An eligible applicant may be comprised of one or more local governments. Grant funds are available for establishing and maintaining a Local Environmental Compliance Program that uses enforcement, eradication, and education components to meet its program goals. Continued grant funding is not guaranteed from year to year. Renewal requests are based upon need, the performance of the Local Environmental Compliance Program, and the availability of funds. Grant information and application material for the Local Government Enforcement and Education program are available on the Environmental Protection Division's web site, www.dnr.state.ga.us under "Environmental" then under "Technical Guidance." Or, contact Winthrop Brown at (404) 362-2537 or email winthrop.brown@dnr.state.ga.us. E-1 Revised July 31, 2009 Grants and Loans to Local Governments 2008 Update EPD disbursed over $118 thousand dollars in Local Government Enforcement and Education grants in FY 2008. The program funded projects in 19 communities, offsetting the local costs to develop and maintain a local code enforcement program to prevent and enforce against the illegal disposal and management of scrap tires and solid waste. Below is a list of communities awarded grants in 2008 and a map of their distribution across the State. Community City of Chatsworth City of Douglasville City of Eton City of Leary City of Senoia Barrow County Bulloch County Local Government Enforcement and Education Grant Awards FY 2008 Amount Community Amount Community $2,600.00 Chattooga County $4,370.00 Oconee County $2,250.00 Decatur County $31,257.50 Pulaski County $1,300.00 $10,117.50 $1,350.00 $4,700.00 $8,181.00 Dodge County Evans County Gilmer County Hart County Jackson County $5,000.00 $5,743.28 $4,904.50 $9,817.03 $5,605.26 Rockdale County Seminole County Union County TOTAL Amount $3,914.25 $1,464.00 $1,130.25 $10,387.30 44,285.56 $118,377.43 Georgia Environmental Facilities Authority (GEFA) GEFA annually administers a program funded by the SWTF that is intended to help local governments foster an integrated approach to solid waste management by supporting waste reduction, recycling, and composting programs. Grants of up to $50,000 are available to qualified cities, counties, and solid waste authorities. Demonstration projects or projects implementing an integrated solid waste management plan designed to help the state reach its waste reduction goal were eligible to receive grants of up to $200,000. Grant applications are typically due in late March and reviewed in mid-April. Awards are typically announced in May. GEFA Recycling and Waste Reduction Grant applications are available by request or can be downloaded from the GEFA Web site at www.gefa.org. Contact GEFA at (404) 584-1000 or visit www.gefa.org to request and application or to obtain more information about GEFA's Recycling and Waste Reduction Grant program. GEFA disbursed $241,124.85 in Recycling and Waste Reduction Grants in FY 2008. The program funded projects in 11 local communities, offsetting the local costs of waste reduction and recycling through the purchase of equipment for local government recycling centers and supporting the development of integrated solid waste management plans. A list of communities awarded grants in 2008 and a brief description of their program are included in the table on the following page. E-2 Revised July 31, 2009 Grants and Loans to Local Governments 2008 Update Community Athens-Clarke County Bacon County Bulloch County Decatur County Forsyth County City of Griffin Solid Waste Department Hart County City of Kennesaw City of Macon City of Tifton Rome/Floyd County Recycling Center Recycling and Waste Reduction Grants FY 2008 Amount Description $16,000.00 Purchase of and associated freight charges for a household hazardous waste storage building to provide area residents with a year-round collection site. $6,750.00 Purchase of a forklift to serve the recycling needs of the County. $14,000.00 Purchase of 700 curbside recycling containers which will be loaned to participating communities throughout the region. $15,490.00 Purchase of a portable recycling trailer to be staged at key retail locations within the County. $13,500.00 Purchase of 55-gallon recycling containers and one (1) roll-off container to enable the creation of a recycling program for County parks. $21,000.00 Purchase of twenty-four (24) 6-yard single-stream recycling containers and twelve (12) 4-yard single-stream recycling containers to target the City of Griffin's commercial customers. $19,068.00 Purchase of four (4) roll-off recycling containers to expand Hart County recycling services to four area schools. $24,116.85 Purchase of 48-gallon recycling rollout carts to distribute to single family households for the curbside recycling program. $50,000.00 Purchase of 65-gallon recycling rollout carts to be distributed to residents for a demonstration project to assist the City with solid waste planning. $19,000.00 Conversion of current open-top roll-off recycling units to compartmentalized, closed-top roll-off units enabling the inclusion of multiple types of plastic. Purchase of additional roll-off containers. $42,200.00 The purchase of 12'8 and 16'8 storage units, associated freight charges, fencing and gates, and rolling carts for the establishment of a once a month household hazardous waste collection program. TOTAL $241,124.85 E-3 Revised July 31, 2009 Grants and Loans to Local Governments 2008 Update Another financial support program offered by GEFA is their low interest revolving loan program available to local governments. Drawing upon funds from its bond proceeds and revolving loan program, GEFA loaned $4,655,000 to three (3) local jurisdictions in FY 2008. The local jurisdictions and a brief description of the projects are listed in the table below. Community City of LaGrange Middle GA RSWMA (Dooly County, Macon County, and Peach County) Peach County TOTAL Georgia Environmental Facilities Authority Solid Waste Loans FY 2008 Amount Description $3,000,000 $ 530,000 Construct Cell 4 and Vertical Expansion Construction at the City's Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Landfill, which will consist of an approximately 7.5 acre composite-lined Subtitle D (MSW) disposal cell and wall. Construct two new cells for disposal of solid waste at its existing landfill. $1,125,000 $4,655,000 Land acquisition and construction of a methane gas extraction system, engineering and security fencing. E-4 Revised July 31, 2009 Grants and Loans to Local Governments 2008 Update Georgia Department of Community Affairs (DCA) In FY 2008, the Georgia Department of Community Affairs Office of Environmental Management implemented two (2) recycling infrastructure grants, the Away-from-Home Recycling Grant and the Regional Recycling Hub Grant programs, both of which were supported by Solid Waste Trust Fund dollars. DCA awarded $2,567,518 in FY 2008 to fund these recycling infrastructure grant programs. Away-from-Home Recycling The Away-From-Home Recycling grant included $350,000 dollars from the SWTF, a program partner contribution $40,000 Curbside Value Partnership (CVP), and $25,000 in corporate donations from Coca Cola for a total program value of $415,000. The program funded grant projects in 29 communities across the State. Strategy Part of instilling a recycling ethic is to provide easy and convenient recycling opportunities both at home and away from home. Georgia is host to many major tourism events which draw large crowds from across the country. From recreational opportunities at our state parks or along our coast, to sporting events, to conferences or community festivals, recycling and litter prevention need to be an integral part of these events. Local governments needed access to specialized containers to collect recyclable materials at special events. The Away-from-Home Recycling program was implemented to establish this recycling ethic through education and promotion. Display of the recycling trailers and use of the ClearStream containers at special events positions grantees to more easily promote litter free events, which exposes over 4.5 million Georgians and visitors to the state to an image of Georgia pride and conservationism. The program facilitates a behavioral change in special event attendees, enabling them to establish a life-long commitment to recycling by making recycling a habit. Implementation SWTF dollars allocated to the Away-from-Home grant were used to purchase 35 reusable special event recycling containers and trailers to store and haul the containers, with a retail value of approximately $15,000 per trailer. Each trailer supported a "turn-key" recycling collection infrastructure for special event recycling, which makes recycling at special events easy. This bold initiative for Georgia was the first comprehensive special event recycling collection infrastructure effort in the nation. DCA's Away-from-Home Recycling Grant program is nationally recognized as a model for implementing special event recycling. E-5 Revised July 31, 2009 Grants and Loans to Local Governments 2008 Update Under the Away-from-Home grant program, local governments offer use of the trailers to event organizers in their community. The grant contract requires awardees to pledge to maintain recycling at future events and to incorporate the state recycling brand into their special event recycling efforts. Grantees are also required to submit an annual report indicating the volume of materials recycled and the number of events that used the containers. Results The bold "Recycle 4 Georgia" image draws attention to recycling at special events and appeals to the general audience. From April through December 2008, the Away-from-Home Recycling program exposed special event recycling to a reported 2.6 million attendees. Local government grant awardees reported collection of 61,153 pounds (30.5 tons) of recyclables during the first nine months of the program's introduction. The trailers and containers were used at 319 events 176 of which were events where recycling was offered for the first time. A list of communities awarded the Away-from-Home Recycling grant in 2008 is included in the table on the following page and shown in the Infrastructure map. E-6 Revised July 31, 2009 Grants and Loans to Local Governments 2008 Update Away-from-Home Recycling Grants FY 2008 Community Estimated Retail Value Albany-Dougherty County $15,000.00 Athens-Clarke County $45,000.00 Bulloch County $30,000.00 Columbia County $15,000.00 Dalton-Whitfield County $30,000.00 Decatur County $15,000.00 DeKalb County $30,000.00 Forsyth County $15,000.00 Glynn County $15,000.00 Gwinnett County $15,000.00 Hall County $15,000.00 Liberty County $15,000.00 Newton County $15,000.00 North Georgia Resource Management Authority $30,000.00 City of Alpharetta $15,000.00 City of Atlanta $15,000.00 City of Columbus $15,000.00 City of Decatur $15,000.00 City of Douglasville $15,000.00 City of Gainesville $15,000.00 City of Kennesaw $15,000.00 City of Monticello $15,000.00 City of Newnan $15,000.00 City of Norcross $15,000.00 City of Rome $15,000.00 City of Roswell $15,000.00 City of Savannah $15,000.00 City of Tifton $15,000.00 City of Valdosta $15,000.00 Trailers Awarded 1 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E-7 Revised July 31, 2009 Grants and Loans to Local Governments 2008 Update Regional Recycling Hubs The Regional Recycling Hubs grant was funded with $2,217,518 from the SWTF. DCA leveraged additional funding totaling $8,042,950 ($4,938,696 in partner-level support and $3,104,254 local government support) for the Hub program. For every $1 (one dollar) of Solid Waste Trust Fund grant funding, DCA leveraged over $3.60 in partner match dollars from private and local government support. Grants were awarded to four (4) local governments across the State. Strategy This competitive grant program was offered to local governments to either modify their existing recycling operations or construct a new facility to establish a network of regional collection hubs for commingled recyclables throughout the state. This effort also supports rural and small community programs, as each hub serves a 50-75 mile radius, as well as serving as collection points for the recycles collected from special events. Implementation Many of the rural communities throughout Georgia do not generate the volume of recyclables needed to warrant independent collection routes. The collection of commingled recyclables makes it more viable for many communities to sponsor recycling programs. In order to increase collection efficiencies and to minimize transportation costs, this Regional Recycling Hub grant supported the development of the infrastructure needed in the form of regional transfer stations for recyclable materials throughout the State. Expected Results Based on initial tonnage estimates reported by the grantee communities, the Regional Recycling Hub Grant program anticipates a 185% increase in the amount of recovered materials to be collected annually upon implementation of the Hub projects. This calculates to a projected landfill savings of $514,500 per year (based on a $35 per ton average disposal fee). A list of communities awarded the Regional Recycling Hub grant in 2008 is included in the table and shown in the Infrastructure map on the following pages. E-8 Revised July 31, 2009 Grants and Loans to Local Governments 2008 Update Community City of Griffin City of Savannah City of Valdosta Bulloch County TOTAL Regional Recycling Hubs Grants Amount $550,000.00 $955,218.00 $425,000.00 $287,300.00 $2,217,518.00 FY 2008 Description Construct a new recycling processing center and purchase the equipment necessary to collect, process, and transport recyclables from communities within a 50 mile radius of the hub. Implement single-stream residential curbside recycling collection in the City. Leverage the development of a privately owned and operated regional recycling hub, promote regional recycling activities, and accept recyclable material within a minimum of a 50 mile radius of the hub. The City shall also implement a recycling marketing strategy as described in the attached Recycling Market Strategy that incorporates the State's recycling campaign. Expand the City's existing recycling processing center infrastructure and convert the facility from a co-mingled processing operation to accept single-stream recyclables to serve as a regional recycling hub, promote regional recycling activities, and accept recyclable material within a minimum of a 75 mile radius of the hub. Modify County's existing recycling center and establish a singlestream recycling processing facility in coastal Georgia (the first single-stream recycling processing facility outside of metro-Atlanta in the state) to serve as a regional recycling hub, promote regional recycling activities, and accept recyclable material within a minimum of a 50 mile radius of the hub. E-9 Revised July 31, 2009 Grants and Loans to Local Governments 2008 Update E-10 Revised July 31, 2009 Grants and Loans to Local Governments 2008 Update DCA also annually administers a Local Development Fund Grant program, a state appropriated grant program that provides matching grants to finance community improvement activities, including solid waste management projects. Grants are typically awarded in maximum amounts of $10,000 for single community projects and $20,000 for multi-community projects. Applications are reviewed based on the following criteria: Feasibility including such factors as reasonableness of budgets and timetables, adequate consideration of all the factors necessary for implementation, commitment from other funding sources, etc. Impact of the project on the community and community need. No Local Development Fund Grant projects were awarded during FY 2008. More information on the Local Development Funds is available on DCA's Web site at www.dca.state.ga.us or contact Cynthia Easley at 404-679-4789 or ceasley@dca.state.ga.us. E-11 Revised July 31, 2009