THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA 51 /9of \ ^ 'r-r \L ,4 L ^^H'~'J?e&Zgr >ii%n, W 1 SSllijay |>J"T1'~'V^ j/j (iujl"J>^Shj\J\ /~A'i nur-V,1 I- ,'/^J---^ll\V^l .,*/ ^J.X^ S^ ^T-^-^?L-- ,-- -- Upper Limit of Low-Land Rice, corresponding approximately with that of Palmetto Flats. Northern limit of Wire-Grass, corresponding approx;i,m,,.a.t..e!ly w;i.tih.cSoutihern il:i.m..:i.t oTf t.hie.uW'iheat crop. ---- -- __---- Present approximate Northern limit of Sugar Cane. r4 R >%xw^ oa^ Upper limit of Cotton Culture, corresponding with Lower Limit of White Pine and Spruce. AG-EIOULTURAL MAP GEORGIA. SHOWING SOILS AND THE CLIMATAL RANGE OF CERTAIN INDIGENOUS AND CULTIVATED PRODUCTS. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. rAWfei S.-0(P ON rs' iXATBpT,' " fAbates/ HE :AW,FQR[a^5 ITA-I SN/] ,- ?S^ ;v\Ue ivaincsborougr, ^=i' E V E !_ jSvlvnuia , -COX LIBERTY yW A (Morgan KiCAL> [ Blakelj I 1 &0. Artesian, Wells are confine* to the coastal plain region. Almost all this portion ot the State is underlaid by pervious beds, which, when pierced by the drill furnish large quantities of p--e, wholesome water. Not all these water-bearing beds' furnish flowing Wtlls. But those non-flowing wells furnish large quantities of pure water which can be brought to the surface by pumps. The-average depths of the wells already bored is about 450 feet. The various strata penetrated, consist of soft limestones, clays and sands. Thus the wells can be had for very little outlay of nioney. The sanitary advantages that have resulted to many towns and localities all over the South Georgia coastal plain through the pure wholesome drinking water of the artesian wells, are seen m the fact that sections once dreaded as malarial and sickly are -ryW**!^ GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 25 now considered among the most salubrious in the State and are increasing more rap- idly in population than even the hill country of North Georgia. Water Powers.--The streams of Georgia furnish water powers in numerous lo- calities in varying amounts from the little cascade that runs a small neighborhood mill, to the great shoals and falls that furnish from 20,000 to 30,000 horse powers, and run'mighty flouring mills and cotton factories. With the exception of a few notable cases, the largest water powers of Georgia occur at or just above what is known as the Southern Fall Line, running from Augusta on the northeast down through Macon in Central Georgia to Columbus on the southwest, where the streams pass from the hard rocks of the Crystalline area to the softer formations of the'coastal plain; and on the western Fall Line, formed by the contact of the Palaeozoic and Crystalline areas in the northwest, passing through Polk, Bartow, Gordon and Murray counties. Along these fall lines are located the larger water powers. But numerous other powers are to be found at various points on different streams throughout the State. Manufactures.--As we have already said, it was on account of her manufacturing enterprises and the energy displayed by her in the construction of railroads that Geor- gia in the later thirties received the title still worthily worn, "Empire State of the South " Georgia still stands with the foremost of the Southern States in the variety and value of its manufactures and the number of its manufacturing establishments. According to the census of 1900 the total value of Georgia's manufactures_ was $89,789 656 &There have been since that time great strides forward in every kind of manufacture In 1901 the United States Department of Agriculture reported an increase from 68 cotton mills with 817,345 spindles and 19,398 looms in 1899 (the year for which the census of 1900 reported), to 86 mills with 969,364 spindles in operation in 1900 stated that 28 more mills were completed during 1900, with 13 more in process of construction. This report agrees very closely with one prepared in the summer of 1901 by the Georgia Department of Agriculture, which contained the names of 111 mills in oper- ation with 1,192,486 spindles and 26,645 looms. In bleached cotton goods Georgia stands fourth in the Union with 24,265,583 square yards. The cotton gins which in 1900 numbered 4.729, running for four months, have increased to more than 5,000. It was while Eli Whitney was living in Georgia that he invented the cotton gin. The cotton oil mills in operation in 1901 numbered 58 and paid above $5,000,000 for cotton seed, whose finished products were valued at $14,000,000. At the present time there are 104 cotton oil mills and the increase of their business has been corre- spondingly great. . . . The fertilizer factories registered with the Commissioner of Agriculture tor the season of 1903 and 1904 number 145. Many of these do a very heavy business all over the Southern States. Georgia stands ahead of all the States in the manufacture of turpentine and resin and in 1900 exported 14,623,328 gallons of spirits of turpentine and 1,408,928 barrels of turpentine, rosin and pitch. There were reported in 1900, 1,254 establishments with a capital of $11,802,716 engaged in the lumber industry. Other Manufactures are printing establishments, flour and grist mills, woolen mills, furniture factories, ornamental iron works, foundries, blast furnaces, carriage factories, car shops, black-smithing and wheelwrighting, manufactories of brick, tile and pottery, manufactories of paints, chemicals, ice, electric-light plants, carpenter work canning factories, creameries and numerous others. Among the most important manufactories of the State are the marble and stone works, turning out the building and paving stones and splendid marbles for which Georgia is so famous through- out the Union. 26 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADV ANTAGES. When the colony of Georgia was founded by Oglethorpe it was intended to be a k producmg country. Efforts are being made to revive this industry In 1902 a ttlcZTt^tT^T frmed " ^knta CnSiStin^ f -embS7-frorn ! ,, capffal at-xSlulah Fall* ? * ^ " ^ t0 CMtrUCt a silk mi" with a ^ ^ge the S^e^^nd1^ be^^n^selS^a;^^5 ^T ^ **** * with 649.49 miles; Atlantic Coast Line with 667 70 miles Irtl r,, ^, J fortheg^d^orkwh^X^dX^rGS^0611^ bemg eSpedaI1-V n0ted amized roads are found i.l"TM!, ,, ]"' ,""',," f ""'Hrraded TMead- Jefferson, Emanuel, SpalLf MZwethe a, ri,,H J ' i;?TM"',, Bibb' Richmond, nab to Bonaventure and ThunderboltalsofheTMf ^e,sh?IlrMd "TM Savan- TMa :tuth?b^^^^^ Isle of Hope ing out fro'm were noted before the nv;! w,, Rome XoXX Sun 'of c fJm "'at c,ty to B=aulicu aTBi&JS'S^ Tht 'Mandd- r centering i,, the citV of BrunswTcL uTo/tte we " raled'd? vtXo 1,^, CUn" pmes that go out from Thomasville into the surroundiu.co untry g gn"" XunficaS' fr" ^ "'-" '"TM-= -"' '-- attVd^^ernXS depo^S,7?0h0O0,0i00 "dtefet 3 Sou" IS OOrf'^bef"' IS ' {"** with $10,100,000 capital and over $30,000,000 dipo'to 43 "'er banks Assessed Valuation.--In 1903 arcnrrlfno- * +v,a r , .he assessed valuation of property TnZto/JVt IZVlotP' ^"'Wenerat OOO.OCO, The bonded deb, w $y,53I,5oo g S SfS^'TM"?^? TM^" It embraces 7,700 schools, of which 4 9If) zrolZ 17 , f imProved. ored. Of a total of 9,180 teachers,5 997 a Xe anefs lIs' n^^ "? 8'78ll0r Co1- have enjoyed a normal school tra ning there are 1 79 wl f TL 1teach^ who all. The number of pupils enrolled in 190? Z oil Z ? -and 447 colred, 2,238 in being a total of 439 645 2 W"S 258'984 whlte and 216,359 colored. .ersity of Georgia, of branches as follows: ^ No^ rthU Geor^ eia^A^ ^riZ r.iw^ fi '^ r iT f Althten^ s- ^ rhl'slha"s the Uni" numerous School of Technology, at Atlanta Georfia K n i i^P, at Dahlo"ega; Georgia at Milledgeville; Georgia State^ NormaTljollete?for Wfi "^^ CAUtge fr Ladies' State Industrial College for Colored Youth/ near Savannah' ^"^ Gcrgia I GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 27 Several other noted schools are affiliated with the University of Georgia, but do not receive State funds. These are: South Georgia Military and Agricultural College at Thomasville; Middle Georgia Military and Agricultural College, at Hamilton. The Augusta Medical College is one of the departments of the State University. In Atlanta are two medical colleges, and one dental college. Two of the most noted colleges of the South are in Georgia: Emory College at Oxford, the property of the North and South Georgia and Florida Conferences of the Methodist Episcopal Church (South) and Mercer University, the property of the Baptists of Georgia. The first college in the world chartered for the purpose of bestowing literary de- grees upon ladies is Wesleyan Female College at Macon, the property of the Methodists of Georgia and Florida. Shorter College, a Baptist institution, at Rome, was built and endowed by Alfred Shorter, of Rome, and Agnes Scott Institute at Decatur was built by Colonel George W. Scott, liberally endowed and turned over to the Presbyterian Synod of Georgia. Lucy Cobb Institute at Athens was founded mostly through the efforts of General Thomas R. R. Cobb, one of Georgia's greatest orators and most gallant soldiers. Other excellent colleges are: Southern Female College, College Park, near Atlanta; Southern Female College at LaGrange; LaGrange Female College at LaGrange; Andrew Female at Cuthbert; Monroe Female College, at Forsyth; St. Stanislaus College for Roman Catholic piiests, near Macon; Young L. Harris Institute at the town of Young Harris; Brenau Female College, at Gainesville; Piedmont Institute, Rockmart; South Georgia College at McRae. With the exception of the State Industrial College for Colored Youths at College near Savannah, all the above named institutions are for whites exclusively. For the colored people there are the following institutions: Atlanta University, Clark University, Spellman Seminary, Morris Brown College and Gammon University, all at Atlanta; Payne Institute, at Augusta, under the auspices of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. In the private schools and colleges of Georgia, are 10,097 whites and 4,877 colored pupils, being a total of 14,974. Religion.--The leading Christian denominations are well represented in Georgia, the Baptists and Methodists being the most powerful in numbers, wealth and influence. The Baptists have a total active membership of 368,000. The church buildingnumber 3,586. Intheir Sunday-schools are 76,052 pupils. The Methodists have 272,000 members, 3,205 churches, and 117,828 Sunday-school pupils. rhe Presbyterians have 18,000 church members, 237 church buildings and 12,600 Sunday-school pupils. The Congregationalists have 4,714 members, 65 church buildings and 4,284 Sundayschool pupils. There are 7,976 Episcopalians with 137 church buildings and 4,400 Sunday-school pupils. The Disciples of Christ have 9,805 members, 110 church buildings and 3,147 Sundav-school pupils. The Roman Catholics have 20,0-00 church members, 40 church buildings and 2,500 pupils. The Hebrews in Georgia number about 6,200. Charitable Institutions.--Georgia has many benevolent institutions, some of the most prominent of which are: The Orphan House at Bethesda, near Savannah, founded in 1739 by Rev. George Whitefield in whose honor one of the counties of Georgia was named; the State Lunatic Asylum at Milledgeville; Georgia Institute for the Deaf and Dumb at Cave Spring; Academy for the Blind at Macon; Female Asylum at Savannah; Augusta Orphan Asylum at Augusta; Orphan Home of the North Georgia Conference of the M. E. Church, South, at Decatur, about eight miles from the city of Atlanta; Orphan Home of the South Georgia Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, at Macon; Mumford Institute Home for Boys and Girls^ near Macon; Appleton Orphan Home (Episcopal), at Macon; Baptist Orphans' Home, Hapeville, near Atlanta, and the Abram's Home for widows (a Hebrew insti- tution), in Savannah. M 28 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. State Government.--The present constitution of the State of Georgia, which was adopted in 1877, guards carefully the rights of the people and prevents 'extravagant appropriations by the Legislature. The governor is elected for two years and can be re-elected for a second term; after that he retires. His salary is $5000 per annum. The State House officers are as follows: Attorney-General, Comptroller-General, Adjutant-General, Treasurer, Secretary of State, State School Commissioner, Commissioner of Agriculture, State Geologist, State Librarian, Commissioner of Pensions, three Prison Commissioners and three Railroad Commissioners. The Supreme Court consists of one Chief Justice and five Associate Justices There are 24 Superior Court Circuits, each having a judge and solicitor. Georgia is represented in the National Congress by two Senators and eleven Representatives Thus the State has 13 votes in the electoral college. Political Divisions and Population.--Georgia has 137 counties enjoying such privileges of self-government, that one of the United States government publications speaks of them as 137 little commonwealths. As has been said already, the population of Georgia has shown a steady increase from the first census in 1790 to the last in 1900. We give here the population of Georgia at each Federal census: 82,548 in 1790. 162,686 in 1800. 252,433 in 1810. 340,985 in 1820. 576,823 in 1830. 691,392 in 1840. 906,185 in 1850. 1,057,286 in 1860. 1,184,109 in 1870. 1,542,180 in 1880. 1.837353 ^ 1890. 2,216,331 in 1900. The total white population in 1900 was 1,181,109 and the total negro population was 1,034,998. There were besides 204 Chinese, 1 Jap and 19 Indians. The foreign born population numbered 7,603 males and 4,800 females, a total of 12,403. There are 372 incorporated places in Georgia, of which 40 had a population in 1900 of more than 2,000. Of these 13 had a population in excess of 5,000. Atlanta the capital, had 89,872 and with its usual ratio of growth, has now more than lOo'oOO Savannah, the chief seaport, had 54,244, hut at this time has more than 60,000. Au- gusta, the greatest cotton manufacturing city of the South, had 39.441 but now has 45,000. Macon, which had 23,272, has now at least 30,000. Columbus the second great cotton manufacturing city of the South, had 17,614 and is now estimated to con- tain 20,000 inhabitants. The other cities of Georgia, which in 1900 had a population in excess of 5,000, are: Athens, 10,245; Brunswick, 9,081; Americus 7 674- Rome 7- 291; and including suburbs, 14,000; Griffin, 6,857; Wavcross, 5,919'- Valdosta 5 613- Thomasville, 5,322. ' ' _ Some other important and rapidly growing towns of Georgia are here given with their population in 1900: Cartersville, 3,135; Cedartown, 2,823; Dalton 4 315- Gaines- V\ ' 4n82j JiaCC?l' V76; Marietta> 4>Mfi; Elberton, 3,834; Covington,' 2,062; Mil^1^4,219 (the former capital of the State) ; Washington, 3,300; Barnesville. 3,036; Tallapoosa, 2,128; Newnan, 3,654; LaGrange 4,274; Waynesboro 2 030- San dersville, 2,023; Dublin, 2,987; Hawkinsville, 2,103 Fort Vahey^ 02 " Dawson ' 2 S;rt Hl\> rdele, 3 473 Albany, 4,606; Bainbridge, 2,641 Thom3 \\ | Moultne, 2,221; Quitman, 2,281; Madison, 1,992; Eatonton, 1,823. PART II. GEORGIA BY SECTIONS North Georgia.--This section of the State was the home of the Cherokee Indians until 1838, when, these original owners of the soil were moved to lands west of the Mississippi river provided for them by the government of the United States. Al- though in Dade and Walker counties are found the coal mines of Georgia, the lands there are also very productive of wheat, corn, oats, barley, rye, hay, clover, Irish po- tatoes, and vegetables common to both the North and South. Lookout Valley in Dade, McLemore's Cove, Peavine, Armuchee and Chickamauga valleys in Walker, cannot be excelled in fertility by any lands of Georgia. The vacant lands, woods and mountain slopes afford splendid range for stock, such as sheep, cattle and swine, all of which are raised throughout this section in considerable numbers. Chickamauga Creek and Chattooga river afford fine water powers, which have been well utilized. Dade, Walker, Catoosa, Whitfield, Murray, Gordon, Chattooga, Floyd, Bartow, Polk, Paulding, Cobb, Cherokee, Pickens, Gilmer and Fannin should all be included in northwest Georgia. This section is rich in minerals such as coal, iron, ochre, manganese, bauxite (aluminum), and gold, and abounds also in the fin- est marble. The Georgia marble quarried in Pickens, Cherokee, and Gilmer counties, varies from pure white to pink, gray, chocolate brown and dark green, and has been employed in the construction of noted buildings in every part of the Union. No higher tribute to its excellence can be given than the fact that with Vermont so near by, Georgia marble has been employed in the structure of the State capitals of Rhode Island and Maine, St. Luke's Hospital and the New Stock Exchange in New York and the Corcoran Art Gallery in Washington. To the list of buildings which have used Georgia marble in their construction we must add the United States Gov- ernment Building at Boston, Massachusetts, and the State capitol of' Minnesota, and in the interior finish the Georgia capitol and the Piedmont Hotel in Atlanta. From Holly Springs in Cherokee county beautiful serpentine has been procured for the dec- oration of buildings, as may be seen, in Chicago and in the Prudential Building of At- lanta. Monoliths of Georgia marble suitable for huge columns can be quarried with ease, near Graysville, in Catoosa county. In Taylor's Ridge and neighboring moun- tains, sandstone has been quarried to a large extent. Yellow ochre, a kind of iron ore used in the manufacture of paint, abounds in Bartow county and much of it has been shipped to England to be used in the manu- I facture of linoleum. At Emerson in the same county is a factory for the manufacture of hydraulic cement and near by are quantities of iron ore. Graphite also is mined here. This beautiful section of the State, in addition to its mineral wealth, has some of the finest lands in Georgia. The bottom and valley lands are very fertile, producing the finest of the wheat, rye and oats, splendid crops of corn, every vegetable grown in the North and South and on some of the lands is grown the best of upland cotton, which from its superior quality commands the highest prices in the market. On the hill slopes are orchards of peaches, apples and the various small fruits. Berries of every variety and of the finest quality are raised for home consumption and for the western markets. Manufacture, commerce and agriculture all combine to make a busy, prosperous country. Hence growing cities and towns are found on its lines of railway. HARVESTING RYE. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 31 Rome, in Floyd county, the largest city of Northwest Georgia, has a very picturesque situation on hills and in the valley between the Etowah and Oostenaula at the point where they unite to form the Coosa. It is a great railroad center and at the same time has a good steamboat trade on the Oostenaula and Coosa. It has street cars, electric lights, water works, manufactures of iron, cotton, furniture etc. It has handsome residences and public buildings, a good system of public schools, is the seat of Shorter College for ladies and is well supplied with churches of the different Christian denominations. Population, including suburbs, 14,000; in the corporate limits 7,291 of whom 4,457 are white and 2,834 colored. Floyd is a great agricultural county, yielding bountifully grasses, clover and all the cereals, many of the lands easily yielding 50 bushels of corn and 40 of wheat to the acre, and producing besides the best quality of upland cotton. In fruits and berries, Floyd is unsurpassed. Pecan trees also bear well in Floyd. Cave Spring, in the beautiful and fertile Vann's Valley, has in- its limits a large limestone cave in the side of a well-wooded hill, at the foot of which is a spring of clear, mild limestone water. This town is noted as the seat of the Georgia Academy for the Deaf and Dumb, and also contains Hearn Institute, Hearn Female Seminary and the Wesleyan Institute. Here also is a plant for steel and manganese and an electric plant. At LJndale the proprietors of the great cotton factory have erected an elegant school building with library and reading room lighted bv electricity for the benefit of the operatives. The lands in and around Rome as a center, range from $io to $75 an acre, according to location and fertility. Marietta, in Cobb county, 1,100 feet above sea level, is the next largest town of this section, having a population of 4,446, of which 2,516 are white and 1,930 colored. Not far from the foot_of the double-peaked Kennesaw Mountain, it has pure water, a fine climate, good schools, is well supplied with churches, is lighted by electricity, has the largest chair factory and largest paper mill in the State, four marble yard's, a large plant for finishing marble, a canning factory, a creamery and other industries. In the beautiful national cemetery are buried 10,000 Federal soldiers. At Kennesaw Mountain was fought one of the great battles of the Atlanta campaign of 1864. In the northeastern part of Cobb county the splendid water power of the Chattahoochee has built up Roswell, a growing manufacturing town with two large cotton factories and a woolen mill. At the town of Powder Spring are mineral waters highly impregnated with sulphur and magnesia. Acworth like Marietta, on the Western and Atlantic railroad, is in the midst of a fine agricultural country and has a large flouring mill, a chair factory and variety works for turning out mantels, wheelbarrows, etc. The surrounding country is also rich in minerals. Cobb county has some lands which readily yield 50 bushels of corn and 40 of wheat to the acre, and also makes good yields of cotton of a superior quality. It is noted also for fine commercial peach orchards and raises in profusion all kinds of fruits, berries and vegetables. The large poultry farm near Smyrna is one of the great enterprises of the county. The orice of lands in this country vary from $15. to $60. an acre. Dalton in Whitfield county comes closest to Marietta in size, having a population of 4,3I5, of whom 3,356 are white and 959 colored. Like Rome and Marietta, it is well supplied with churches and schools, has gas and waterworks, large cotton and flouring mills, canneries and flourishing commercial houses. There is here also a college for young ladies. Dalton has a pretty situation on the Western and Atlantic and Southern railways in a fertile valley, just east of Rocky Face and Chattooga mountains. Though reaching to the Tennessee line, Whitfield county in addition to fine crops of cereals pro duces cotton of fine quality and like Floyd, Bartow and Cobb, has good dairy farms OAT FIELD. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 33 well stocked with Jerseys and other good breeds. Fruits and vegetables are raised in abundance. Between Dalton and Marietta on the Western and Atlantic railroad is Cartersville in Bartow county, the terminus of the East and West railroad which runs in a southwesterly directioh into the State of Alabama. All around this thriving little city are fine cotton, corn and wheat lands and in close proximity are beds of iron ore and manganese. Ochre is extensively mined and Cartersvills ranks first in the county in the manufacture of ochre and second in the shipment of manganese. It has a population of 3,135 of which the whites number 1,680 and the blacks 1.455. Cartersville has the conveniences of' larger places, such as gas and electric lights, ice factory and waterworks It also has manufactories of iron and steel. Bartow county is not only a fine agricultural region, but is full of manufacturing plants of everv kind and enterprising towns and villages such as Adairsville, which has one of the largest flouring mills in Georgia, Emerson with its cement and plaster works, Cassville with its tannery and Allatoona with its gold stamping mill. All through the county in town and country are schools and churches. Polk is a good county for all farm stock. Many of the lands have rich soil and those of Cedar Valley through which runs Cedar Creek, are equal to the lands in the blue-grass region of Kentucky. They double in some crops the productiveness of other lands that are rated as good and with other crops more than double them. Cedartown, the county site, so named from the growth of cedar in its vicinity on the former Chattanooga, Rome and Southern railway, now a part of the Centrai of Georgia railway system, at the point where it is crossed by the East and West railway, has manufactories of cotton, cotton-seed oil, knitting mills, an iron furnace electric power cotton gin, a system of waterworks owned by the city and an electric light plant. Population 2,823--white, 2,067, colored 756. The State quarry near Rockmart seems to have an inexhaustible supply of slate for roofing. At this place is the flourishing Piedmont Institute for boys and girls. Chattooga is a county of market gardens, orchards, minerals and manufactories on a large scale. Splendid crops are raised of corn, wheat, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes also some cotton. It is a fine country for hay. No finer peaches or strawberries are raised anywhere than on its hills and ridges. Iron, bauxite, clay, limestone, manganese, coal, slate, talc and sandstone abound Iron is mined at Dirtseller Mountain, near the town of Lyerly, at Shinbone Ridge near Menlo and Taylor's Ridge near Summerville, and in the town limits of Summerville bauxite is mined. Red iron ore is found in six different veins. Chert is shipped from the neighborhood of Summerville in great quantities. This well built town is surrounded by prosperous farms cultivated after the most approved methods. Near by also are large cotton mills. Trion with its extensive cotton mills is the largest town in the county fpopulation 1,926). J \f f Flour, grist, saw mills and tanneries are scattered over the county and schools and churches are in every neighborhood. In this county are the beautiful and fertile valleys of Chattooga, Broomtown and Armuchee. Catoosa county has fine fanning lands with prosperous farms and gardens and rich deposits of building stones of which the sandstones and limestones are of superior quality. In this county is the noted health resort known as Catoosa Springs, famed for the varied mineral waters. The county has flour, grist and lumber mills and is well supplied with schools and churches. Ringgold is its county site beautifully situated on the north and west of Taylor's Ridge. Named for the gallant Marylander who lost his life in the first battle of the Mexican war, this little town was itself the scene of the gallant combat by which General Cleburne in November 1863 saved the artillery A PLACER MINING ON COOSA CREEK. NEAR BLAIRSVILLE, UNION COUNTY. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 35 " t^^S^o^Ss^ army' fr WhlCh ^ and hlS trPS --ed the thanks Gordon county, well watered by the Oostenaula, Coosawattee and Conrasauga rivers, has soils similar to those of Floyd and Bartow, producing the finest of wheat nquSailittvy.76' IIt?TMis ' arlsotataegSoodi 5fruthit kcholudnSt'y6. VeiIyt hVasardi6etpyosiftsvoefgbeataubxlietes, alinmdesctootntoen, iroofn gaonoddnear the town of Calhoun, black and variegated marbles Most of the products of the county are marketed at Calhoun, situated in the rich valley of the Oostenaula on the Western and Atlantic railway. Resaca, named for the second as was battle of the Mexican also Lays Ferry. war, was itself the scene of fierce fighting& in Mayy' 180,6J44> Flour and grist mills, a large brickyard and many small industries and good commercial houses add to the comforts of the people. Schools and churches are scattered all over the county. Paulding county has fine bodies of land along the Tallapoosa river, Pumpkin-vine, Sweetwater and other creeks yielding abundantly of the crops already mentioned as produced by other counties of this section. During the campaign of 1864 for ten days, from May 25th to June 4, there was conligfg n,g the !lne f PumPkinville creek from Dallas to Allatoona, marked by the fierce combats of New Hope church, Pickett's Mill and Dallas, the whole series of battles and skirmishes being called by both Johnston and Sherman the battle of' New Hope Church and pronounced by Sherman a drawn battle. _ Thereare good water powers on some of the streams and some of them are utilized by grist mills. With plenty of good freestone water and a healthful climate and schools and churches this is a fine country in which to make a home. Murray county, though not yet traversed by a railroad, is in easy distance of two great lines and through the Goosawattee which empties into the Oostenaula it has steamboat transportation to Rome, the leading market of Northwest Georgia The Western and Atlantic railroad runs close to its southwestern line, and Dalton in Whitfield county, where this road crosses the Southern railway, it is the chief market for a large part of Murray county. Well watered by the Connesauga and Goosawattee rivers and their branches, the lands are fertile, producing in abundance the crops already mentioned in the counties of this section and affording also fine pasturage for sheep and cattle. This county is rich in minerals and on the Cohutta Mountains, which cross its eastern section, profitable mining has been done. Along this beautiful range in sheltered orchards some of the most luscious fruit is grown. Spring Place, the county site, in the midst of charming scenery, with, the Cohutta Mountains in full view, has a handsome Court House, good schools and churches which are scattered also over every section of the county. All over the county are mineral springs, of which the Cohutta Springs, ten miles from Spring Place, are the most noted. \ Cherokee, Gilmer, Pickens and Fannin are traversed bv the Atlanta, Knoxville and Northern Railways, from which at Blue Ridge, the county site of Fannin, there runs off a branch road to the northeast. These counries have already been mentioned as famous for their rich veins of beautiful marble of several varieties. Cherokee is also one of the chief gold mining counties of Georgia and has besides deposits of iron, mica, talc, marble and other minerals. Near Canton, the county site is a spring, strongly im- pregnated with alum and noted for great curative powers. This town, beautifully situated ing and on an eminence finishing marble around whose base flows the and for monumental work,: E. iowafc river, has a mill for saw- HYDRAULIC MINING AT THE SINGLETON GOLD MINE IN LUMPKIN COUNTY. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 37 quarries!" theVillage fBallGr0UndrUnSaSh0rt railr0ad about ten mile* long to the Tokens is noted for its great abundance of the finest marble, of which vast quanti- n 1 'Northed ^"ad leltTT ^ T^ * Marietta TM the Atlanta KuSe oot ftthhe eUlnfitfedl SS talttes. TT,he crops near are t^ hostee aarlereaSdOymem0efntitohneedricahsesbt erloaanrgbilneg qtuoarrthieiss section of Georgia and the valley lands are exceedingly fertile g schooAlt f\o\r abloesyksaa, nedigghitrlms.iles from Canton, is the Reinhardt Normal C^vonllceggce, a d fnim ne. The valley lands of Fannin and Gilmer are also very productive. Gold and copper are found m Fannin and gold and iron in Gilmer, in which latter county there is abso great abundance ot beautiful marble, both the pure white and variegated? limestone sandstone mica, slate and granite. Cotton is not raised in Fannin ancWery litt e in Gh tables do Wei"" "" '" ^ ^ f **** ^ ^^ and ^ AU "** Apples of fine quality are raised in from one end of the year to the other both these counties and can be kePpt almost airnosi TThheeMrraailirSoad1ha!s gFraena"tliyn jdSev^ elopNedf?bothGeo0frSt'hmesBeapctoiustntCieosllea-se> maafyinebeinssetietnutifornom. 2j64 inIh? afbSitaanVtshaendiWinn190f0 Bc1oUnetaiRnkeldgea' pthoepuM lationy site of 1,o1f48F, annneianr- yhaadll ibnein18g90whohZe The negroes m Fannin county Gilmer county jy out of a total number only of 10,198. 296 in a total population of n)2if4 and in The eastern section of North Georgia embraces the counties of Forsyth, Dawson Lumpkin, Union, Towns White, Hall, Rabun, Habersham, Banks, Franklin and Hart Rabun, Towns and Union form the northern tier of these counties. Close to the northwestern corner of Union county passes the railroad that runs from Blue Ridge in Fannin county to Murphy m North Carolina and a road from Tallulah Falls running northward through Rabun to Franklin in North Carolina is rapidly approaching completion. With these exceptions this part of the mountain section of Georgia is without railroad facilities. The counties of White, Lumpkin, Dawson and Forsyth are also as yet without such advantages In Towns there is abundance of granite and serpentine quarries for building. Iron, chrome, magnetite, manganese, asbestos, talc, ochre, yellow and red plumbago, buhr, some gems and plenty of corundum are found At Tate City, there is a large plant for mining corundum. The mountain streams afford fine water powers. At Young Harris is a Methodist college and at Hiawassee is one belonging to the Baptists. In the western part of Union are found iron ore, alum, sulphate of iron and granite quartz. 1 here are large quarries of millstone of excellent quality. On Ivy Log Brass town and Coosa creek gold has been found and also variegated marble. The mineral products of Rabun are gold, copper, corundum, mica, asbestos and sandstone. Iron, carbonate of iron and alum are found. The celebrated Tallulah Falls, a successsion of beautiful cascades and a grand chasm afford some of the most picturesque views in the United States. The apples, cabbages and chestnuts produced in this part of the State are very fine. Lumpkin county is in the heart of the gold belt of Georgia. Many millions of dollass have been taken from its mines and for the last half century the vicinity of Dahlonega, its county site, has been the center of the most extensive gold mining operations of Georgia. Just east of Dahlonega is a long line of high ridges and hills extending many miles to the southeast, which form the axis of the gold belt and are covered all over with the prospector's pits, cuts and tunnels. There are twelve gold mines now in operation payng good dividends. In almost every part of the county gold is found and the evidence of its exist-ence every where meets the eye. MINING IRON ORE BY USE OF THE STEAM SHOVEL, NEAR CEDARTOWN, POLK COUNTY GA. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 39 Dahlonega with a population of 1,255, stretches along a high hill commanding a fine view of Walker's Mossy Creek and Yonah mountains In White county which was formed from Lumpkin and Habersham counties, were discovered the first gold mines in Georgia. Gold and absestos are still mined to a considerable extent. There are several mines of gold, and quarries of asbestos and five successful gold mills. The beautiful Nacoochee Valley, as fertile as it is fair, is in White county _ Dawson county is also in the gold region. On nearly every branch that flows into the Btowah from its north side is a placer gold mine and from the bed of the river itself large quantities of gold have been taken and washed out with an iron pan rewarding well the labor thus employed. In this county are the falls of Amicalola' from the summit of which the appearance of the range of mountains to the South and west, can scarcely be suspassed in grandeur. Forsyth is another gold county. Some of the mines have vielded large amounts oi_ gold Much of the scenery is beautiful, especially in the neighborhood of Cumming, the county site. Some silver and copper have been found in this county In Hall county there are profitable gold mines and iron, lead and silver are found in small quantities. Large quantities of brick and lime are made and there is a large supply of building stones. This county has several valuable waterpowers aggregating 6,000 horse-powers, some of which are utilized by flour and grist mills Gainesville, the county site, on the Southern Railway about 53 mills from Atlanta is'a growing city in a fine farming county, with manufacturing establishments , m.any; kinds including great cotton mills'in and around its corporate limits. The electric light plant and waterworks are owned by the city. The Gainesville Jefferson and Southern Railway connects Gainesville with Monroe and Social Circle in Walton county and by another branch with Jefferson in Jackson county Gainesville's total population is 4,382, of which 3,196 are white and 1,186 are colored. In this city are Brenau College and Conservatory of Music for ladies and the Georgia Military Institute for young men. Later estimates place the population of Gainesville at 6,500. In Habersham county are found iron ore of superior quality, while granite of the very best is found in apparently an inexhaustible supply. There are also large deposits of gold, copper, manganese ochre, marble, slate, graphite, mica, talc and sandstone. Asbestos is being profitably worked. Toccoa is a thriving town of 2,176 inhabitants on the Southern railway at the junction of the Elberton branch with the mam trunk line. Within three miles of the town is the beautiful fall of Toccoa. Demorest on_ the Tallulah Falls Railway has a good trade and commands from all sides a lovely view. Clarkesville on the same railway, from its high ridge near the Soque river, presents to the eye of the tourist a magnificent view of the surrounding country. Cornelia is a growing place on the Southern Railway with several manufacturing establishments. Banks, Franklin and Hart complete the list of North Georgia counties. These are fine agricultural counties, but in Franklin and Hart there are also extensive manufactories, especially in and around Lavonia and Royston in Franklin county and in Hartwell and vicinitv in Hart county. Lavonia, the largest town in Franklin county, on a branch of the Southern Railwav. has in the town 'and suburbs, a population of 2,093. At Hartwell is the Hartwell Collegiate institute. All these Northeast Georgia counties have splendid lands for the production of the staple crops which we have already named in the counties of Northwest Georgia, excellent also for vegetables and fruits. In the upper tier of the mountain counties cotton is not raised. In many localities tobacco is cultivated and some of the farmers make a fair profit from its sale. Splendid apples are raised all over North Georgia and the most luscious peaches are produced in the great orchards that dot the tops and slopes of the hills in all the counties traversed by the various lines of MARBLE QUARRY, IN PICKENS COUNTY. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 41 railway on the western side and the Southeern railway and its branches on the eastern. Mr. I. C. Wade, a Northern gentleman and ex-Union soldier, at one time land and industrial agent of the Southern railway, now makes his home at Cornelia and considers that region one of the garden spots of the world. Hon. O. B. Stevens, Commissioner of Agriculture, has orchards of apples and peaches at Cornelia and considers them a splendid investment. Strawberries and raspberries of the finest varieties are raised in profusion all over the counties of Northwest Georgia along the lines of the Western and Atlantic, the Southern, the Central of Georgia,, the Chattanooga Southern and the Alabama Great Southern, and in Northeast Georgia along the Southern and its branches. Grapes too are abundant and in the vineyards around Cornelia and at other points are found the best varieties. Most of the chestnuts sold in the cities and towns of Georgia in the fall and winter are raised in the northern tier of counties. The most magnficent cabbages, white and crisp, are raised in this same section, as are also turnips of great size and excellent flavor. All the vegetables of the North and of the South are grown in these highly favored localities. All the grasses and clover are grown to perfection and all kinds of live-stock thrive and give good profits to those who raise them. Poultry, eggs and honey are abundant and the man who knows how to make a good farm in any other part of the United States can find here all that heart can wish. There are also vast stretches of forest land having all kinds of hardwood, such as oaks of several varieties, pines of two varieties, poplar, ash, beech, elm, chestnut, hickory, maple, walnut, iron wood, sugar berry, sycamore, sweetgum, dogwood, persimmon, sassafras, wild cherry, cedar and buckeye. These woods are being utilized in all the customary ways. All the cities and towns of any commercial importance have good banking facilities, well equipped stores, good schools and churches. In the thinly settled mountain regions of course church and school advantages are not so good, and yet there is scarcely a corner into which Christian ministers have not borne the light of the gospel or the school teacher carried the torch of knowledge. The climate is bracing and healthful, the water pure and cool, the scenery often charming in its beauty or awe-inspiring in its grandeur. There are many rough and rugged places and one often meets rude and unlettered people. But show us the country that is devoid of such drawbacks. The advantages of North Georgia far outweigh the disadvantages, and taking it all in all, one can hardly find a more inviting field for enterprise or for the building of happy homes. To the tourist, Northwest Georgia possesses many attractions, especially along the Western and Atlantic railroad, the scene of many combats in the Atlanta campaign of 1864. At Chickamauga, the scene of a great battle in September, 1863, is a beautiful national park and here were assembled during the Spanish American war sons of the men who had so bravely grappled with each other in the sad days of strife. Middle Georgia.--The Southern tier of the counties that have been described un- der the head of North Georgia is often included in Middle Georgia. The counties just south of them, viz.: Elbert. Madison, Tackson, Gwinnett, Milton, DeKalb, Fulton, Douglas, Carroll and Haralson, although along the lower edge of the Piedmont region and considerably above the center of the State, are generaJly regarded as being in the Northern part of what is known as Middle Georgia, while Richmond, AVarren, Hancock. Baldwin, Jones, Bibb, Crawford, Upson, Talbot and Muscogee may very properlv be considered as on the Southern border of the middle belt. In the balance of this sketch of Georgia, in order to avoid constant repetition, let us say that schools and churches abound in every citv. town and village and throughout the rural districts. Asrain, although through Middle Georgia we have corn, wheat, oats, rye, and CORUNDUM MINE, RABUN COUNTY. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 43 other crops like those of North Georgia, let it be remembered that this is the home of cotton, the chief money crop of this section. After the close of the war of the Revolution, beginning at the eastern counties, the immigrants who poured into Georgia from Virginia and the Carolinas, rapidly extended their settlements westward, encroaching more and more upon the lands of the Indians, until after the removal of the various nations of the Creeks beyond the Mississippi the whole of Middle Georgia became the home of the white man, who, with his negro servants, opened up field after field and built towns and villages. Among the early settlers the Virginians were so numerous that the Indians, as we are told by Governor Gilmer, nearly always spoke of the Georgians as Virginians. As towns grew up and became centres of trade, railroads from the eastern side of the State were built to reach them. First came the Georgia Railroad, running from Augusta up into the Piedmont section, then the Central from Savannah. These roads, with their numerous branches, soon brought all the important towns of Middle Georgia into communication with each other and they began to grow rapidly in wealth and importance. The Georgia railroad was begun in 1833 and was largely owned by residents of Augusta, while the Central was a great enterprise of the citizens of Savannah and was begun a short while after the Georgia railroad. The chief cities of Middle Georgia in the order of their size are Atlanta, Augusta, Macon, Columbus and Athens. While railroads have been a very important factor in their upbuilding, they owe their chief importance to the fact that they furnish the most convenient markets for the rich upland agricultural region in which they are located and have abundance of cotton, lumber and other materials necessary for manufacturing. The splendid water powers found all through the Middle Georgia counties began to be utilized way back in the thirties and flour, grist and cotton mills began to spring up on every side. Agriculture, railroads and manufactures conspired to build up all the cities and towns of this section. Atlanta, the youngest of all these cities, is now the largest city between Wash ington and New Orleans. In 1837 the Southeastern terminus of the Western and At lantic railroad was established near where the Union Passenger Depot now stands (1904), and Terminus was the name given to the site thus chosen. Soon afterwards the Georgia railroad was extended to this point. The Macon and Western came next and the new railroad center was in 1843 named Marthasville in compliment to the daughter of ex-Governor Lumpkin, who had been distinguished by his great interest in railroad enterprises in Georgia. On the 29th of December, 1847, the legislature incorporated as the city of Atlanta the new town which was already giving evidence of rapid growth. Its name is derived from Atlantic, because it was considered as the gateway for trade from the west seeking a passage through Georgia to the Atlantic ocean. Hence also the title "Gate City," often applied to it. By the United States census of 1850 the population was 2,572. Until 1853 if was m tne hmits of DeKalb county of which Decatur was, as it still is, the county site. In that year the county of Fulton was formed and Atlanta made the county site. By the census of i860 the population of Atlanta was 9,554- During the civil war it was the seat of important industries, the chief object of which was the upholding of the military power of the Confederate States. Hence it became the prize for which desperate battles were fought and at last was captured by the powerful army under General Sherman (September 2nd, 1864). When Sherman started to the sea (November 15th, 1864), he ordered everything burned except the mere dwelling houses and churches and no precautions were taken to prevent the spread of the flames. Only 450 houses, including dwellings and churches, escaped. Stores, workshops, mills, and most of the residences were reduced to ashes. Even before the close of hostilities in the following spring, the people began to return and rebuild the ruined city. Before the approach of the hostile army, the population of Atlanta had reached 14,000. There were very few of % KENNESAW MARBLE DRESSING WORKS, NEAR MARIETTA, COBB COUNTY, GEORGIA. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 45 these who did not return, and, soon after peace had come to stay, new citizens from all over the South and North began to flock in and by the census of 1870, a little over five years from the time of its destruction, Atlanta numbered in its corporate limits, 21,789 inhabitants. The city was made the capital of Georgia in 1868, and in 1877 the people of Georgia voted to make it their permanent capital. The handsome capitol building was erected on a lot donated by the city during the administration of Governor McDaniel and cost $1,000,000. It enjoys the distinction of being one of the few public buildings in the United States, whose cost came within the appropriation set apart for its completion. By the census of 1900, the population of Atlanta was 89,872, and, including the immediate suburbs, 103,000. The white population in the corporate limits was 53,908, and the colored 35,967. On every side are still to be seen the evidences of rapid growth, and judging by the past, one can safely place the population at this time as considerably over 100,000. Atlanta is one of the best built cities of the United States. Handsome public and private buildings, splendid hotels, handsome churches and elegant school buildings bespeak enterprise and increasing wealth. Its miles of well paved streets extend out from the city into first class McAdamized roads. Electric cars bring it into close connection with all the suburban villages and [towns and electric lights make its main thoroughfares at night almost as bright as day. In the city limits and in its vicinity are great manufactories of various kinds and its commerce is extensive and rapidly growing. Located in Atlanta are the Technological School for whites. Atlanta University and Clark University for colored, a law college, business colleges, medical colleges and two dental colleges. Besides Atlanta there are in Fulton county the following towns: East Point (population, 1,315), College Park (population, 517), Hapeville (population, 430), Oakland City (population, 823). At College Park is the Cox College, a well equipped and upto-date institution; at Hapeville, the Baptist Orphans' Home, and at East Point many important manufacturing plants. Hapeville is oh the Central of Georgia railway in close connection with Atlanta. College Park and East Point are on both the steam and electric railway lines. E.dgewood with a population of 1,285, a suburb of Atlanta, is in DeKalb county. Decatur, the county site of DeKalb, six miles from the Union Depot in Atlanta, and connected with that city by the Georgia railway and three electric lines, is the seat of Agnes Scott Institute for young ladies. Near by is the Orphan Home of the North Georgia conference of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, and in the vicinity are cotton mills and fertilizer, factories. Population, 1,418. The town of Stone Mountain on the Georgia Railroad, about ten miles northeast of Decatur, derives its name from a great mountain of granite 1,500 feet above the level of the sea and 900 feet above the surrounding country. From the quarries at and near this mountain are cut immense quantities of the best granite to be found in the United States, and at Lithonia in the southeastern part of DeKalb county, the quarries of gneiss bring handsome profits to their owners. In Gwinnett county, Lawrenceville, the county site on the Seaboard Air Line railway, and Buford on the Southern, are thriving towns. Buford, the larger, with a population of 1,352, has three large harness factories, one smaller one and four tanneries and at Lawrenceville is a cotton mill. In this county granite is abundant, iron, quartz and buhrstone are found and there is some gold in the Chattahoochee river and at a few other points. In Milton county on the upper edge of Fulton there is abundance of timber and -^WBF 'xSff*' -. ,, s**$SgaggSag^a /.V TWI.--)' IRON ORE MINE NEAR CARTERSVILLE, GEORGIA. oic,-. t.^ltf,, V K P -d !--> i-ri w >ri rr a n .-JCTO *r* a> ^ ~ P (t> pnnrti li* tr r/i b^ 3 r? r c P PwJ P n> LA GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 4? stone for building purposes. Though no railroad passes through the county, the Southern Railway runs close by its boundary line. Douglas, Carroll and Haralson counties are brought into close touch with Atlanta by one of the lines of the Southern Railway. In each of these counties there is abundance of hard wood, and some pine. The water is cool and healthful, the climate bracing. In Douglas county are the lithia springs, a favorite health resort, whose waters are highly prized for their medicinal properties. In Carroll county gold, copper, iron, pyrites, mica and asbestos are found in workable quantities. The gold is said to be of very fine quality. Near Villa Rica is an extent of country six miles long and one mile wide are several mines yielding large amounts of gold. Quartz and granite are also found. Gold is mined extensively in Haralson county, also, and the Royal Gold Mine at Tallapoosa has a plant which cost $200,000. This is a great county for vineyards and near Tallapoosa are two wineries, one of which manufactures unfermented wine. Tallapoosa, the county site, has a population of 2,128 inhabitants. Among the manufactories of Haralson county may be mentioned a glass factory, a charcoal pig iron furnace, and flour, grist and saw mills. A cotton mill and cottonseed-oil mills are among the manufactories of Carrollton, the county site of Carroll county. In Campbell and Coweta counties there are inexhaustible supplies of granite, extensive deposits being in the vicinity of Newnan, while near Grantville gold is obtained in payable quantities. In both these counties and in Troup county are large manufacturing establishments. The fruit industry of Coweta is steadily growing. Nine miles east of Newnan is Vina Vista, one of the most complete wineries in the South. Newnan, the county site of Coweta, a thriving little city of 3,654 inhabitants, has electric lights, ice plant, waterworks, a good fire department and splendidly paying industries. LaGrange, the county site of Troup, with a population of 4,274, has waterworks, electric iights and with its two colleges for ladies is a place of great refinement and culture. It if surrounded by a magnificent farming country, market gardens and orchards and in its vicinity is a noted creamery. Dairy and beef cattle and fine stock of all kinds indicate the thrift of the people. West Point, another large manufacturing town of Troup county, owns its own electric lights and waterworks. It is on the border of Alabama and Georgia. There are in its corporate limits inside the Georgia line 1,797 inhabitants. Near West Point is a large Pecan Grove. Meriwether county is rich in mineral deposits such as gold, iron, asbestos and granite. The gold mines even with primitive methods have yielded handsomely for forty years. At Chalybeate Spring iron ore of the best quality is found. The asbestos deposits are abundant in yield and easily worked. Meriwether granite is equal to that of Quincy, Massachusetts and susceptible of very fine polish. The church of St. Luke in Columbus, Ga., used this granite exclusively in its elegant columns and the other granite work employed in its construction. This county is famous for its springs, the Chalybeate and Warm Springs, and also has fine farming lands. Heard county also has abundance of granite and possesses splendid farming lands. Fayette also has fine farming lands. Coweta, Troup, Meriwether and Fayette all possess magnificent water powers. Clayton and Henry have good water powers and some fine farm lands and are prosperous counties. Asbestos is found in Clayton and Henry county, cotton ranks high in the market. Rockdale county produces much paving and building material and has several flourishing manufacturing plants. Conyers, the county site on the Georgia railroad, with a population of 1,605, has an active cotton trade. Its paper mill, fertilizer factory and cottonseed-oil mill pay good profits. ?^!^ CANE CREEK FALLS, NEAR DAHLONEGA. GEORGIA. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 49 Newton is a fine agricultural county with good paying manufacturing industries. Covington, the county site (population, 2,062) on the Georgia railroad and the terminus of a branch of the Central, has large cotton mills in its vicinity ,and is connected by a street railway with Oxford, the seat of the great Southern Methodist Institution, Emory College. The suburbs of the two towns join at the Georgia Railroad. Social Circle (population, 1,229), a town of Walton county, on the Georgia railroad, has a cottonseed-oil mill, a fertilizer factory and some smaller industries, and by the Gainesville, Jefferson and Southern branch of the Georgia Railroad, is connected with Monroe, the county site (population, 1,846), which has also a cottonseedoil mill, besides a cotton mill and prosperous mercantile establishments. Madison (population, 2,000), also on the Georgia Railroad, one of the most beautiful of the small cities of Georgia, has a cotton-oil mill, fertilizer factory and other industries. It is the county seat of Morgan, a well watered and fertile county noted for large yields of fruits, wheat, corn and cotton. Madison has electric lights and waterworks. Eatonton (population, 1,823) connected by railroad with Covington, Madison, and Milledgeville, a beautiful town, adorned with many shade trees, is the county site of Putnam. It is in the center of a fine cotton section and has three cotton factories and a shoe factory. In its vicinity are raised peaches, plums, and grapes. Within twelve miles of this town are the Oconee Springs, noted for their mineral properties. There are fine water powers in Putnam county. Monticello (population, 1,106), the county site of Jasper county, on a branch of the Georgia Railroad, has a harness and collar factory and a bobbin factory. Near it is a pecan grove and orchards of peaches and apples. Baldwin is a good, substantial old county with fine farms, orchards and gardens and fine water powers at Furman's Shoals, three miles above Milledgeville. This city (population, 4,219), the county site of Baidwin, and for many years the capital of Georgia, is situated at the head of navigation of the Oconee river. It is lighted by electricity, has fine commercial advantages.being on two railroads, the Georgia and the Central, and has a grain mill, oil mill, fertilizer factory, repair shops and other small industries. It is also a famous educational center, being the seat of the Georgia Military and Agricultural college, a branch of the State University, and the Normal and Industrial College for Young Ladies. It has fine public schools. The State Sanitarium for the Insane, the largest institution of its kind under one management in the world, is three miles west of Milledgeville. Nine miles south of Milledgeville is Stevens' Pottery, at one of the finest clay deposits in America. Athens, the county seat of Clarke county, with a population of 10,245, is connected by rail with Atlanta and Augusta and with the chief towns of the neighboring counties. It is on the Oconee River, which affords splendid water power for its large cotton factories, cottonseed-oil mills and other industries. Beautiful in situation, adorned with handsome homes, at an elevation of 800 feet, which renders its climate delightful, with gas and electric lights, waterworks, ice plants and electric railway, with fine commercial advantages," it is also the seat of the State University, the State Normal School for both sexes, and Lucy Cobb Institute for ladies. It has long borne the name "Classic City." Commerce (a new name for the much more euphonious one of Harmony Grove), the largest town of Jackson county, on a branch of the Southern Railway, has a cotton mill, cottonseed-oil mill, two potteries and factories for making wagons and bug- gies, harness and mattresses. Jackson, of which Jefferson is the county site, is a fine agricultural county, the same is true of Oconee and Madison counties, each of which has splendid waterpowers, which at High Shoals on the Appalachee river, in Oconee county, have been utilized by a cotton factory. WITCH'S HEAD, AT TALLULAH FALLS. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 51 Elbert is one of the finest agricultural counties of Georgia and Elberton the county site is one of its most progressive towns. Its population is 3,834, of which 2,224 are white and 1,610 colored. At the junction of the Seaboard Air Line and a branch of the Southern system, it has a large cotton trade and important manufactories, including a cotton mill, cottonseed-oil mill and planing mills. It has electric lights, waterworks and good public schools, and like all the towns and cities of its section, is well supplied with churches. There is a cotton factory at Beverly on Beaver Dam Creek. In the county are three guano factories, two carriage factories, a large fliuring mill with patent roller process, and four quarries from which are obtained as fine granite as can be found in the State of Georgia. The waterpowers of Elbert county are immense and there is room for many larg* mills without danger of exhausting them. Oglethorpe, which is separated from Elbert by the Broad river, has also fine water powers and contains some of the finest farms in Georgia, on some of which beef cattle of the best breed are raised for the market. Wilkes is one of the oldest and best counties of Georgia, being up-to-date in agriculture as well as rich in minerals, such as granite and quartz, and having also some gold and iron. Two gold mines are profitably worked. There are fine waterpowers, especially at Anchovy Shoals, amounting there to 75,000 horse-powers. Washington, the county site, is one of the most beautiful of Georgia towns and one of the oldest, being the first named in honor of the "Father of our Country." Tt was the home of Robert Toombs and the place where Jefferson Davis held his last cabinet meeting at the close of the Civil War. It has a cotton compress, tannery, lumber and planing mills and a brick factory. It has a public library and good public schools and churches, has a waterworks plant, is progressive and enterprising and contains a population of 3,300. Columbia, Lincoln and McDuffie are all good agricultural counties. There is one noted gold mine in Lincoln county and in McDuffie are three in successful operation. Thomson, the county site of McDuffie (population, 1,154), on the Georgia railroad, has a canning establishment and manufactures cotton goods and fertilizers. Greene county is the center of the Bermuda Grass Region and dairying and the raising of beef cattle are two of its great industries. Greensboro, the county site (population, 1,511), has a cotton mill and at Union Point are fertilizer factories and a knitting mill, also an electric light plant. There are other industries, as a knitting mill at Penfield, a wagon factory at White Plains, a box factory at Siloam and several flour and grist mills throughout the county. There are fine water powers, especially on the Oconee river. Augusta, the county seat of R.chmond, is the second oldest city in Georgia and in cotton manufacture the first in Georgia and the South, being for this reason often styled the "Lowell of the South." It is at the head of steamboat navigation, is the third in the State in size and has a popu'ation of 39,441 in the corporate limits (20,913 being white and 18,528 colored). From 1735, when it was first laid out, it was a center of trade. Seven miles above the city are the falls of the Savannah river. Here the city built a dam and a canal nine miles long and 150 feet wide, so as to utilize the great water power. Of the 14.000 horse powers already developed at this point, 11,000 are now in use. There are. mills belonging to nine different companies and a number of mills across the river in South Carolina are built and owned by Augusta capitalists. There are in Augusta fertilizer and cottonseed-oil factories, foundries, planing mills and manufactories of medicines, clothing and minor articles. The Georgia Medical College, a department of the State University, is located in Augusta, and here is the Academy of Richmond county which dates back to colonial days. If in the census report of 1900 the suburbs had been included, the population would have numbered 45,000. Summerville, a beautiful suburban town connected with Augusta by electric railway, has a population of 3,245. Here is located the U. S. arse- NATURAL DAM ON BIG POTATO CREEK.. UPSON COUNTY. GEORGIA. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 53 nal. From the pomt overlooking the city and from the heights of North Augusta on the South Carolina side, the view of the city is very charming, especially at night with its brilliant electric lights. Augusta is one of the largest interior cotton markets in the South. Commercially, Taliaferro, Glascock, Warren and Hancock, and also of those already named, Columbia, Lincoln andMcDuffie are in close touch with Augusta Warrenton (population, 1,113), is the county site of Warren county, and is a profitable market for the vegetable, fruits and melons raised in the neighborhood Sparta, the county seat of Hancock county, on a branch of the Georgia Railroad about half way between Augusta and Macon, is a thriving town, to which the products of the county are brought for market and shipment. There is at Sparta a cotton-oil mill, a flourishing creamery and in its vicinity are some large peach orchards Asbestos, plumbago, kaolin and agate are found in Hancock county. Peaches, apples pears, pecans, and all the staple crops of Middle Georgia, are found in this county _ Macon, the county seat of Bibb county, and the fourth city in the State in population, is a great commercial, manufacturing and educational center. Here are some of the largest and most substantial wholesale houses in Georgia, five cotton mills spinning yarn, three knitting mills, three iron foundries, a cotton compress, large cottonoil mills and fertilizer esablishments. Here are Wesleyan Female College, the first institution in the world chartered to give diplomas to ladies, Mercer University, a noted Baptist Institution, St. Stanislaus College, for Catholic priests, Mount de Sales Academy, for young ladies a normal school for colored students, and the Academy for the Blind, a State institution with two departments, several blocks apart, one for white and the other for colored children. By the census of 1900, the population of Macon was 23,272, of which the whites numbered 11,711 and the colored, 11,561. But the suburban district of Vineville with 7,787 inhabitants and East Macon with 5,078, are really parts of the city making a total population of 36,137. In Jones county there is a fine vein of kaolin which is being utilized. This is a part of the great clay belt, which extends from Augusta southwesterly through Baldwin past Macon in Bibb county to Columbus in Muscogee county. It has veins extending down into Twiggs county to the south. Throughout the whole length and breadth of this belt the clays are very pure, of a beautiful white color and capable c.( standing a greater degree of heat than any other clays of the United States. In Butts county is the celebrated Indian Spring, a great-health and pleasure resort, celebrated for the healing properties of its sulphur water. This county has flour and cotton mills and fertilizer factories. Jackson and Pepperton are neighboring towns and busy manufacturing centers. Jackson has a population of 1,487 and Pepperton of 500. In Monroe county is Forsyth (population, 1,172), the seat of Monroe Female College. It is a handsome town with several prosperous industries. Barnesville is a growing city of Pike county, has two of the largest buggy factories in the South, and is the seat of one of the best schools of Georgia, the Go'rdon Institute. Tts population is 3,036. Spalding is a county of good farms and many manufactories. Griffin, the countv site, owns its own waterworks and electric-lights, has an ice plant, cottonseed-oil mills, planing mills, chair factory, five large cotton mills and manufactures more Turkish towels than are made anywhere else in America. Near by is the United States Experiment Station for Georgia. The population of Griffin is 6,857, the whites numberlngi 3.599 and the colored 3,258. In addition to the usual crops, there are orchards of peaches and apples, vineyards and a pecan erove. Upson county has fine water powers on Big Potato creek. Thomaston, the county *&G VIEW ON THE AUGUSTA CANAL--LARGE COTTON MILL AND CONFEDERATE OBELISK. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 00 seat (population 1,714) has a cotton mill. The R. E. Lee Institute is in Thomas- ton. On the east of Mint river begins the Pine Mountains, the highest ooints nf which are 800 feet above the river. '<' Talbotton the county seat of Talbot (population, 1,131), is in the center of a good farm and trucking- country. It has two fine schools, Collinsworth Institute and LeVert Female College, four good public schools. Harris county has good farming lands and fine water powers. Columbus, the county site of Muscogee, is an important manufacturing city well known for its splendid cotton mills. In addition to being a great railroad center it enjoys the advantages of water transportation and has a fine steamboat trade with i towns and the country along the Chattahoochee river. Augusta alone in the South excels Columbus in the manufacture of cotton goods, for which the fine waterpowers of the Chattahoochee afford splendid facilities. The population of the city in its cor- porate limits was 17,614 by the census of 1900. Of these, 10,337 were white and 7277 colored. The population is now estimated at 20,000. Agriculture, manufactures, commerce, education and the influence of its churches have combined to make Middle Georgia one of the most desirable sections of the Union. Over large portions of Middle Georgia wheat is a profitable crop, yielding on very ordinary land eight, and on good lands from 15 to 40 bushels to the acre, and in some instances as high as 60 bushels to the acre. Corn ranges all the way from 10 to 50 bushels to the acre and in some instances has gone beyond 100 bushels. The peavine often called the clover of the South, affords in its peas not only a nourishing food for stock, especially for milch cows, but also a wholesome diet for the table. The vines make the best of hay and the yield varies according-to soil and cultivation from 2,000 to 14,000 pounds to the acre. The peavine is also one of the best of soil renovators. The vetches, sorghum and millet and, in the more northern counties of the section, clover, are cultivated for forage crops. Considerable quantities of sugarcane are raised, but it is in South Georgia that this is one of the leading crops. But Middle ' Georgia, together with the larger part of South Georgia, is the great cotton region of the State. The yield of this great money crop varies according to soil from 500 to 1500 pounds of seed cotton to the acre, or from a third to a whole 500 pound bale to the acre. In every pound of seed cotton one-third is lint and two-thirds seed. The lint is manufactured into yarn and cloths of various kinds. Part of the seed is used for replanting, and great quantities of it are sold to the cottonseed-oil mills, which manufacture from them oil and cottonseed-meal and have left the hulls and linters which also bring profitable prices. During the past season the high prices that have prevailed make the value of Georgia's cotton crop, including lint, oil, meal, hulls and linters, equal to $100,000,000. h The traveler going through Georgia cannot judge the quality of the soil by what he sees from a train moving over a road that runs for the most part along the ridges, If he stops at some station and takes a ride out into the country, he will find rich lands teeming with profitable crops. He will also find farms where exhausted lands have by a careful system of renovation and scientific culture been brought back to the productiveness of the virgin soil. There are farms where skillful farmers have taken so-called worn-out lands and made them yield a bale of cotton to the acre, and at the same time have added each year to the productiveness of the soil. There is hardly a farmer in Middle Georgia who does not have his orchards of peaches, apples, pears and cherries, quantities of blackberries and patches of luscious strawberries and in his vegetable garden a "good variety of healthful diet, for the ta- b/e. Grapes are abundant and there are large vineyards, especially on the Central Railway, between Macon and Atlanta on the Southern, and on the Atlanta and West Point Railroads. HIGH FALLS OF THE TOWALIGA, MONROE COUNTY. ^m GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 57 Irish potatoes of the best types are raised, and in the sweet potato Georgia in every section possesses an article of food which in the varied dishes that can be prepared from it furnishes not only wholesome, but sometimes luxurious diet. Figs also are among the fruits of Middle Georgia and in many localities pomegranates are found. I South Georgia.--Of the three Georgia sections, this is the most extensive in area and, with the exception of a few localities, showed during the decade from 1890 to 1900 the heaviest gains in population and wealth. This will be surprising to some who are in the habit of looking upon South Georgia as a malarial section, healthy only during the winter. But there is much hill country all over Southwest Georgia which i= healthy the year round and in Southeast Georgia and throughout the coast- al plain region the many artesian wells supplying pure, good water have wrought such a change that localities once regarded as very unwholesome are now the healthy abode of a rapidly increasing population, while on all the numerous railroad lines that penetrate this whole region are flourishing and rapidly growing towns and cities. This is not on the whole as good a wheat country as either North or Middle Georgia, and in some parts no wheat is grown at all. But over the greater part of it are made heavy yields of cotton and corn and thousands of acres produce the sugarcane, the richest in saccharine matter of any plant that grows. The Georgia cane syrup is already a favorite in many parts of the United States and its manufacture and sale are steadily and rapidly growing. South Georgia produces the greater part of the crop of sea island cotton, the finest in the markets of the world. Tobacco, too, is being extensively cultivated and there is in Decatur county one of the largest tobacco farms in the United States. In addition to the millet, crab grass, and crowfoot, sorghum forage and .peavines of Middle Georgia are the soja and the velvet bean, both splendid for stock and the best of soil renovators. Cassava also a fine feed for stock, yields bountifully throughout this section and the lower counties of Middle Georgia. The great peach orchards of Southern Georgia have a national reputation and their fame has even crossed the Atlantic. There are fine vineyards also in many places. In Southeast Georgia are some of the largest market gardens (truck farms) in the State, especially in the neighborhood of Brunswick and Savannah. All over the coastal plain from the Atlantic ocean to the Chattahoochee river on the western border of the State are extensive forests of long leaf pine, producing an- nually millions of feet of lumber and gallons of spirits of turpentine, giving employment to sawmills great and small, to railroads, steamboats, ships and merchants. As the forest lands are cleared, market gardens and flourishing farms spring up. The marls with the muck from swamps furnish a cheap fertilizer easy to be obtained. There are vast ranges for cattle and sheep and of the latter there are some very large flocks, yielding a fine profit to. their owners. Beef cattle of the best breeds can by recent discoveries be rendered immune as to the cattle tick and its resultant Texas fever, and with need for shelter, but a short time during the winter, can be raised with great profit to the stock men. Though rice is grown in the upper counties of Georgia, the great rice crop of the State is that of Southeast Georgia. Southeast Georgia was the first settled portion of the State. Here Oglethorpe s first settlement was made at Savannah and at Frederica on St. Simon's island was his favorite home. Though of Frederica nothing remains but the ruins of the old fort and the memory of the defeat of the Spaniards at the "Blody Marsh," across St. Simon's Sound on the banks of the Turtle river is the growing city of Brunswick, the second in size of Georgia's seaports. _ The chief cities of South Georgia are Savannah, Brunswick, Amencus, Waycross, COTTON FIELD. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 59 Valdosta, Thomasville, Albany, Cordele, Dublin, Dawson, Cuthbert, Bainbridge, Quitman, Moultrie and BDawkinsville. Savannah is the oldest city of Georgia, its most important seaport and commercial center, ranking among the cities of the South, next to New Orleans in the value of its commerce, first in the world in the shipment of naval stores and third as a cotton market. Savannah stands upon a bluff 46 feet above the level of the Savannah jnd 18 miles from the sea. It is connected by water with every county of the Atlantic coastal plain and by rail with every part of Georgia and the railroads that radiate from it in all directions give it rapid connections with every cruarter of the Union. The Savannah, the first steamship that ever crossed the Atlantic, was owned in Savannah and the Ocean Steamship Company of that city has the finest line of steamers to-day that ply between Northern and Southern ports. Among the exports of Savannah are not only the raw cotton, but also cotton goods from the factories of Georgia, rice, lumber and naval stores and fruits, melons and vegetables from the orchards, fields and market gardens of the vicinity and on the lines of the railroads that come into the city. Its import trade also is very extensive and its large wholesale houses are strong and substantial. Its manufacturing interests are important, embracing various grades of cotton goods, cottonseed-oil mills, fertilizer factories, foundries, machine shops for making agricultural implements and various other industries. It is one of the most beautiful cities of the Union and has several handsome historic monuments, viz.: the one to General Nathaniel Greene, another to Count Pulaski, another to Sergeant Jasper, all heroes of the American revolution, one to W. W. Gordon, the great promoter of the Central Railroad and one in honor of the Confederate soldiers. The population of Savannah by the census of 1900 was 54,244 of which the whites numbered 26,109 and the colored 28,135. But a large, thickly settled district has been taken into the corporate limits and with the accustomed ratio of increase the city at this time (1904) contains considerably more than 60,000 inhabitants. On a branch of the Central Railroad, betwen Savannah and Augusta, the town of Waynesboro (population, 2,030) in the midst of a cotton and lumber region, has cottonseed-oil mills and fertilizer factories. It is the county seat of Burke which is the greatest cotton county of Georgia. At Shell Bluff is an inexhaustible supply of limestone of the best quality for making lime. Buhrstone is very abundant in this county. Louisville (population, 1,000)" is the county site of Jefferson county. It is an old town of historic interest from the circumstance that for nine years (from 1795 to 1804) it was the capital of Georgia. Sandersville and Tennille are important towns of Washington county, the former being the county site. Sandersville is on a branch of the Southern Railway and has good commercial facilities, large fertilizer establishments and machine shops. It is situated upon a ridge between the Oconee and Ogeechee rivers, 500 feet above sea level. Population, 2,023. Tennille is smaller, having 1,121 inhabitants, but is quite a manufacturing center, having a cotton factory, cottonseed-oil mill, hard wood factory, mineral works, machine works and novelty factorv. It has also an electric light plant. Connected with Tennille by a short railroad is Wrightsville (population, 1,127) the county seat of Johnson county in the midst of an extensive lumber region. From the great forests of pine in this county are manufactured rosin and turpentine. In Wilkinson county there is a quarry of limestone whence is obtained a material which after hardening in the open air has been found to be excellent for the construction of chimneys. In Twigsrs county there is a fine vein of potterv clay. Ift Laurens county, the large number of saw mills and turpentine distilleries prepare great quantities of lumber, rosin and turpentine for export to Savannah. A FIELD OF BROOM CORN. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 61 Dublin, the county site, a rapidly growing town of 2,987, inhabitants, has several prosperous mercantile and manufacturing establishments, among the latter, being a cotton mill, a cotton-oil mill, ice and furniture factory, a foundry, brick works, variety works, stone factory, a shingle machine, a ham packing establishment .ind many small industries. In Bryan and Bulloch counties the larger part of the cotton raised is rea-island. In both these counties, Emanuel and Screven, lumber and turpentine interests are extensive, as they are also in Montgomery, Tattnall, Liberty and Mclntosh. Parien, the county site of Mclntosh (population, 1,739), has a large trade in lumber, rosin and turpentine. All these are good agricultural counties. Brunswick (population 9,081), the county seat of Glynn county, the second in size and importance of the seaports of Georgia, has one of the best harbors on the Atlantic coast, is beautifully located on a bluff of white sand and has a heavy trade in lumber and naval stores. The city has waterworks and electric lights. Glynn county has great quantities of pine and cypress timbers and a considerable amount of hard woods besides. Waycross, the county seat of Ware county, is one of the great railroad centers of Southeast Georgia. It had by the last census a population of 5,919. It has electric lights, waterworks, a street railway and several manufacturing industries. The pine and cypress timbers are very valuable. Rosin, turpentine and lumber are shipped in large quantities. The railroads radiating from this town bring into it the products of many adjoining counties, viz.: Pierce, Coffee, Clinch, Charlton, and parts of Berrien and Appling, while Jesup in Wayne is another growing railroad center, into which are gathered the products of the neighboring pine forests for shipment to Brunswick and Savannah. With both of these Georgia ports Montgomery, Telfair, Dodge and Wilcox counties have easy access by rail. Large flocks of sheep range in all these counties, bringing with their wool good profits to their owners. McRae (population, 1,020) the county seat of Telfair on the Southern Railway, is the center of a large business in lumber,shingles, turpentine and rosin, has saw and planing mills and an oil and fertilizer factory. Here is located the South Georgia college. Abbeville (population, 1,152), the county seat of Wilcox, on the west bank of the Ocmulgee river and connected with Savannah by the Seaboard Air Line Railway, has also a large trade in turpentine, rosin and lumber, and so has Seville on the same railroad, in the western part of Wilcox county, a town of 1,277 inhabitants. Eastman (population, 1,235), the county seat of Dodge, on an elevation of 300 feet, has a considerable trade in cotton, lumber, cane syrup, cattle, chickens and veg- etables. Hawkinsville (population, 2,103), county seat of Pulaski connected by branch roads with two main trunk lines of railway, has also lines of steamers to Darien and Brunswick and has among its industries an oil and fertilizer factory, a cotton mill, turpentine distillery, barrel, carriage and ice factories. About ten miles from Hawkinsville in the same county is Cochran, a busy town of 1,531 inhabitants on the mainline of the Southern Railway. It also has several manufacturing industries. Houston, with its millions of peach trees, is the greatest peach-growing county in the United States, and next to it in Georgia comes Macon county, also counting its peach trees by the million. There are also in these two counties orchards of pear, ap- ple and plum trees. Fort Valley (population, 2,022), the most important town of Houston county, on one of the lines of the Central Railway, has three large canning factories, crate and basket factories, an ice factory, cotton compresses and knitting mills. The county site of Houston is Perry on a branch of the Central- Railway,- Houston is also a good wheat county. I f V I "LEWISTON WHITE CLAY BED. JONES COUNTY, GEORGIA. M GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 6"! In Macon county there are on the Central Railway three towns, Marshallville, Montezuma and Oglethorpe, the last being the county site. At these points are canning and fruit-packing factories and at Montezuma is a fertilizer factory doing a large business. Americus, the county seat of Sumter county, with a population of 7,674, is the largest city of Southwest Georgia in the midst of a rich cotton growing region. It is the distributing point for mules and horses to all parts of Southwest Georgia. It has in its corporate limits and in its vicinity factories for horse-collars, shoes, wagons, cotton-seed oil and guano, a foundry and railroad shops. The city has a good system of waterworks and electric lights. During the latter part of the Civil War, Sumter and the neighboring counties produced such a large part of the supplies for the Confederate armies of Virginia and Tennessee that this section of the State was called Egypt. At Andersonville, the site of the noted war prison, is a well-kept Federal cemetery. That part of the coastal plain region which is drained into the Gulf of Mexico now contains many growing towns. The rich lands drained by the Flint and Chattahoochee rivers are among the best in the State for the production of cotton and corn, and in many localities much hay is raised. The eastern part of this plain is also rich in forests of pine and has an extensive trade in lumber and naval stores. This is particularly true of the section drained by the Allapaha river. Buena Vista, on the Central Railway, the county seat of Marion, named for a famous battle of the Mexican war, (population, 1,161), is a good cotton market. Richland (population, 1,014), an important town of Stewart county, at the junction of two branches of the Seaboard Air Line system, has a wagon and buggy and guano factory and Lumpkin, the county site on the main line of the same system, with a population of 1,470, is beautifully located on a high ridge. Dawson (population, 2,926) the county seat of Terrell county, at the junction of two railroads, has waterworks, electric lights, prosperous business houses and is in the center of a fine cotton country, which is true also of Cuthbert the county site of Randolph county, with 2,641 inhabitants. It has waterworks and electric lights, a cotton mill, carriage factory, machine works and ice factory. Here are Andrew Female College and Bethel Male College. At Fort Gaines, the county seat of Clay county, beautifully located on a high bluff overlooking the Chattahoochee j6o feet above the river, are guano and brick factories and a cottonseed-oil mill. It enjoys both railroad and water transportation and has 1,305 inhabitants. Quitman is a good agricultural county. Vienna (population, 1,305) the county seat of Dooly county, does a heavy lumber business and has a cottonseed-oil mill. It is on the Southern and Florida Rail- road. Cordele (population, 3,473), on the same railroad, a new and rapidly growing city, does a heavy lumber business in addition to its trade in cotton, corn and vegetables, and has a cotton factory, ice plant, fertilizer establishment, and a fine system of waterworks. Fitzgerald, in Irwin county, a new town founded under the auspices of ex-Governor Northen, by veterans of the Union army from the Northwest, is at the junction of two railroads. It has a cotton mill, cottonseed-oil mill, iron foundry, sash and door factory, and extensive lumber business. Its population in T900 was 1,817, but it now claims about 3,000 inhabitants. The town has waterworks and electric lights. Tifton, the largest town of Berrien county, with a population of 1,384, at the crossing of four railroads, has saw mills, a canning establishment, machine works and foundry. In its neighborhood are several vineyards producing grapes of fine quality, peach, apple and pear orchards and pecan groves. Ashburn (population, 1,301), the chief business town of Worth county, on the A 1 l (<: SUGAR CANE FIELD. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 65 Georgia Southern and Florida Railroad, is in a district abounding in turpentine distilleries and has large lumber, shingle and planing mills. Albany (population, 4,606), the county site of Dougherty county, with seven lines of railway radiating from it and a steamboat traffic also with Bainbridge and points along the Flint river, in the center of a rich agricultural region, is an extensive cotton, fruit, melon and hay market, and has brick yards, cotton compresses, cottonseed oil and fertilizer factories and a large canning factory. It has gas and electric lights, a good system of artesian waterworks, and, like all the towns and cities which we have mentioned or shall yet mention, has fine schools and is well supplied with churches of the various Christian denominations. In Dougherty county is a pecan grove of 1,000 trees. Bainbridge (population, 2,641), in Decatur county, of which it is the county seat, on the Flint River, by which it has a good steamboat trade, and at the junction of two lines" of railway, in the midst of a country producing large crops of cotton, corn, sugar cane, tobacco and fruits, and with a heavy business also in lumber, has cottonseed oil mills,, iron foundry, cooperage works, railway shops, several lumber mills, ice factory and a boat building plant. Thomasville (population, 5,322) the county seat of Thomas county with broad and well-kept streets and gardens, in which flowers bloom the year round, is lighted by gas and electricity and has a good system of waterworks, railroad shops, sash and blind factories and an iron foundry. Young Female College and South Georgia College are located here. Cairo, in Thomas county, is a great point for the manufacture and shipping of Georgia cane syrup. Camilla (population, 1,051) in Mitchell county, on a branch of the Savannah, Florida and Western Railway, has fertilizer works and is the market for many and varied products such as peaches, grapes, walnuts, lumber, turpentine and rosin. There are several groves of pecans, one of them covering a hundred acres. Moultrie (population, 2,221), the county seat of Colquitt county, where three raih> roads meet, has electric lights, waterworks, a cotton mill, ice factory, railroad shop, wagon and buggy factory, many large turpentine distilleries in its vicinity and is an extensive market for grapes and melons. Quitman (population, 2,281), the county-seat of Brooks county on the Savannah, Florida and Western railroad, a branch of the great Atlantic Coast Line System, in a rich market garden section, is the shipping point for garden produce and melons. It has a cotton mill, fertilizer and oil factories, ice factory, waterworks and electric plant. Valdosta (population, 5,613), the county seat of Lowndes county, is a great rail- r road center in the heart of a great yellow pine region, and is the greatest inland market for sea-island cotton, large crops of whioh are raised in its neighborhood. The shipment of naval stores to Brunswick and Savannah is one of its great industries and it has an iron foundry, and factories for the manufacture of cotton goods, fertilizers, bug- gies, builders' material and other woodwork, and an iron foundry. It also has a pork packing establishment. It has waterworks and electric lights. Blakely, in Early county, is the seat of a large fertilizer and oil mill, lumber and turpentine business. Miller, Baker, Webster, Calhoun, Taylor, and Chattahoochee arc all good counties, rich in agricultural products and with good railroad facilities. In Crawford county is a fine vein of. pottery clay. All South Georgia is a great and growing country, increasing rapidly in wealth and population, and with every advantage, educational and religious. In fact, each section of Georgia offers an inviting field to the enterprising immigrant. She is a great, ICING FRUIT CARS. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 67 broad-minded State, growing rapidly in population wealth and influence To every class of industrious law-abiding people, seeking pleasant homes and with a mind to work especially to all true Americans from North, West or South without regard to political affiliations, Georgia stretches forth the right hand of fellowship, and bids them welcome. The price of lands in Georgia varies from ten to seventy-five dollars an acre, ac- cording to fertility of soil or proximity to some large city or rapidly growing town. A TOBACCO FIELD. I ALPHABETICAL^ LIST OF COUNTIES OF GA. WITH POPULATION OF EACH BY CENSUS OF 1900, AND VALUE OF ALL FtUORRPITHHKE \VEKAARCSS?R1D 90I3NAGNTD 1C90O4;MPPRTIRCOELLOEFR-LGAENNDESRAPELR'S ACRREE-PAOLRSOT AFONRDESMTIRNYERAALN.D PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL, HnuORRiTitIUCULLiUTUKRAALL APPLING COUNTY.--Population, white Aggregate value of whole property, 190 , $1 88^862VmocioloSreM d n,,3' w P 1 ' /?'33f per acre ncultural, from $3.00 to cotton, corn, $I5P.ooP oats, rice, /^tUbl^lS^nii^Se oduc4 sugar-cane, potatoes7(Irifn and sweet) field A? DM? SS&ffiSS."^ graSS ^ Horticultural^, grapes, ^ns^acS acre, from $5.00 to $50.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory and long-lea pine Product Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, upland rice, field peas ioSnd peas suSr' cane sorghUm-cane, potatoes (Irish and sweet), all grasses except clover- HorS" tiiral: peaches, plums, cherries, quinces, apples and watermelons. Mineral:---- BALDWIN Aggregate value COUNTY.-Population, of whole property: 1903, white, 6,511; colored $1 937788 IOOA teirwn nn2 ' <7-h total ' *1?*77 ^, per acre: from $10.00 to $60.00. For^t timberf onnlar hf^f 5'- "^ / knds walnut, locust, oak. Products: Agricultural ^ "ft ash> groiind-peas potatoes (Irish and s'weet), crab-gS "T\Zm^^%^^' Hoi cultural: peaches, apples, plums, cherries, figs, pomegranates; M*neral> pottery acre: from $2.00 to $40.00. Forest timbersPookr St! ' ' 3' ,Ce f,lands per locust, whit?, post and iiount^o^lSdnS^ Ari culSaf-^ H ^ '' ^ Wa,lnUt' ^'s^EariSStT^ ' ^ST'oSx^ oats, rye, sorghum-cane, sorghum-fora5geH, oS rticnlt^ urai:S cabbaf ges eS;;^ A JeW^^ ptotal, ^0,82, per acre: from $10.00 to $75.00. Forest tinkers-^ f ^ chestnut, oak, locust, pine. Products: Agricultural con S n?t 5' Wa?^' BERRIEN COUNTY.-Population: white 13404- colored cv.fi- ,,1 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903 $, 8c?i SQ^IOOA Zncr ^V^1' Z?'44?per acre: from $5.00 to $60.00 Forest timbS chieflv?^^'3- ITM? f lands ^cultural: cotton, corn, oats, Irish Jd ^i^f^^US^ fc GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 69 from nativ.e grasses; Horticultural: Peaches, grapes, cherries, plums, pears and every variety of vegetables, figs, watermelons; Mineral: brick clay and marls. BIBB COUNTY--Population: white, 23,078; colored, 27,395; total, 50,473. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $17,685,595; 1904, $20,201,695. Price of lands per acre: from $10.00 to $75.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, cherry walnut and I some yellow pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, barley, rye field- peas, ground peas, Irish and sweet potatoes, hay from clover, crab and bermuda grass some sugar-cane, and sorghum-cane; Horticultural: all varieties of vegetables, peaches! apples, plums, pears, figs, pomegranates, watermelons, canteloupes, berries and grapes Mineral: granite, limsetone, some ochre and abundance of pottery clay. BROOKS COUNTY.--Population: white, 7,702; colored, 10,904; total 18,606 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3,309,724; 1904, $3,494,622. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $70.00. Forest timbers: chiefly long-leaf pine. Products: Ag- ricultural: cotton (long and short staple), corn, oats, rye, wheat, upland rice, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground peas and much sugar-cane, crab-grass and pea- vine hay; Horticultural: peaches, pears, oranges, figs, melons, and all varieties of veg- etables ; Mineral: . BRYAN COUNTY.--Population: white, 2.969; colored, 3,153; total, 6,122. Aggregate value of whole property, 1903, $708,156; 1904, $781,845. Price of lands per acre: from $2.00 to $15.00. Forest timbers: long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton (upland and sea-island), corn, sugar-cane, rice, Irish and sweet potatoes, fieldpeas, ground-peas; Horticultural: all the usual vegetables, peaches, melons and berries ; Mineral: marls. BULLOCH COUNTY.--Population: white, 12,213; colored, 9,164; total, 21,377. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3,240,036; 1904, $3,566,225. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $40.00. Forest Timbers: pine (long-leaf), and cypress. Products: Agricultural: cotton (upland and sea-island), corn, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, crab and other grasses for hay; Horticultural: all varieties of vegetables, peaches, pears, plums, grapes and melons, berries; Mineral: marls. BURKE COUNTY.--Population: white, 5,522 ; colored, 24,643; total, 30,165. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3,209,368; 1904, $3,342,954. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $60.00. Forest timbers.: oak, hickory, and long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, hay from crab and bermuda grass and wire grass for grazing, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes ; Horticultural: ' peaches, apples, pears, plums, cherries, figs, pomegranates, watermelons, canteloupes, berries and all kinds of garden produce; Mineral: limestone, buhrstone, marls. BUTTS COUNTY.--Population, white, 5,998; colored, 6,807; total, 12.805. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,607,214; 1904, $1,653,937. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $50.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, gum, walnut, cherry and long-leaf pine, etc. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, cow-peas, fieldpeas, Irish and sweet potatoes, crab and bermuda grass; Horticultural: peaches, apples, cherries, plums, pears, watermelons, canteloupes, figs, and every variety of vegetables; Mineral: sulphur in its mineral waters. CALHOUN COUNTY.--Population: white, 2,399; colored, 6,875; total, 9,274. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,082,735; 1904, $1,301,679. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $35.00. Forest timbers: long-leaf pine, oak, gum, walnut and other woods. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, sugar-cane, wheat, oats, rye, fieldpeas, ground-peas, Irish and sweet potatoes, hay from crowfoot and Bermuda grass; 7 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. Horticultural: peaches, grapes, berries, watermelons, canteloupes, figs, pomegranates and all garden products; Mineral: . CAMDEN COUNTY.--Population: white, 2,423; colored, 5,246; total, 7,669. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $900,786; 1904, $927,225. Price of lands per acre: from $2.50 to $50.00. Forest timbers: long-leaf pine, cypress, sycamore, etc. Products: Agricultural: corn, sugar-cane, sorghum-cane, cotton, nee, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, chufas, and all the grasses; Horticultural: all kinds of vegetables, grapes, peaches, plums, cherries, berries, melons, oranges, lemons, figs, olives and pomegranates; Mineral: marls. There are also mineral springs. CAMPBELL COUNTY.--Population: white, 6,350; colored, 3,168; total, 9,518. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $i,595,I47; i94, $1,707,388- Pr'ce of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $40.00. Forest timbers; chiefly oak and pine. Products: Agri- cultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, crab and Bermuda grass and clover; Horticultural: all garden products, peaches, apples, watermelons, canteloupes, berries grapes; Mineral: granite and barite. CARROLL COUNTY.--Population: white, 21,539; colored, 5,037; total, 26,576. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3,761,162; 1904, $3,867,662. Price of land per acre: from $4.00 to $60.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, ash, maple, walnut, poplar and gum. Products: Agricultural: cot-ton, corn, oats, wheat, sugar-cane, hay from crab and Bermuda grass, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, tobacco. Horticultural: all vegetables, peaches, apples, watermelons, canteloupes, berries, cher- ries, etc.; Mineral: Gold, quartz and granite. CATOOSA COUNTY.--Population: white, 5,341; colored, 482; total, 5,823. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $842,654; 1904, $875,496. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $25.00 and $40.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, poplar and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, timothy, herd and orchard grass, clover, German millet, sorghum-cane; Horticultural: peaches, apples, cherries, plums, grapes, berries (especially strawberries,) watermelons, canteloupes; Mineral: sand and limestones, iron and gold. CHARLTON COUNTY.--Population: white, 2,849; colored, 743; total, 3,592. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $520,352; 1904, $522,362. Price of lands per acre: from $2.00 to $10.00. Forest timbers :yellow (long-leaf) pine and cypress. Products : Agricultural: sea-island cotton, sugar-cane, corn, tobacco, Irish and sweet potatoes ; Horticultural: oranges and figs; Mineral: marls. CHATHAM COUNTY.--Population: white, 29,930; colored, 41,309; total, 71,239. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $32,726,293; 1904, $33,177,373- Price of lands per acre: from $10.00 to $100.00. Forest timbers: pine, cypress and live-oak. Prod- ucts : Agricultural: corn, cotton, Irish and sweet potatoes, sugar-cane, field peas, ground-peas, crab-grass, hay; Horticultural: all varieties of vegetables, berries, mel- ons and fruits, immense quantities of all these being shipped north from the market gardens at large profits; Mineral: . CHATTAHOOCHEE COUNTY.--Population: white, 1,852; colored, 3,928; total, 5,790. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $562,938; 1904, $582,028. Price of lands per acre, $3.00 to $15.00. Forest timbers: some oak and hickory, but chiefly yellow pine. Products: agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, upland rice and crab grass; Horticultural: apples, peaches, plums, cherries, melons, grapes, berries, and every kind of vegetable; Min- eral : marls. ^vnXT'C^ CHICKEN HOUSES AND RUNS. SMYRNA, COBB COUNTY. 72 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. CHATTOOGA COUNTY.--Population: white, 10,714; colored, 2,238; total, 12,952. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,254,662; 1904, $2,256,745. Price of lands per acre: $3.00 to $50.00. Forest tim-bers: oak, hickory, maple, ash, chestnut, gum, walnut, pine, cherry and poplar. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, clover and grasses, Irish and sweet potatoes, sorghum cane, field peas, ground peas and tobacco; Horticultural: every variety of vegetable, berries of all kinds including the finest strawberries, peaches, aples, plums, cherries, melons and grapes; Mineral: iron, bauxite, clay, limestone, manganese, coal, slate, talc, sandstone and chert. CHEROKEE COUNTY.--Population: white, 13,958; colored, 1,285; total, 15,243 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,141,972; 1904, $2,184,644. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $30.00. Forest timbers: hickory, oak, pine, poplar, beech, ash, walnut, cherry and other hard woods. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, orchard and crab-grass and cloVer; Horticultural: vegetables of all sorts, apples, peaches, plums, cherries and berries; Mineral: gold, copper, iron, mica, talc and marble. CLARKE COUNTY.--Population: white, 8,230; colored, 9,478; total, 17,708. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $6,897,815; 1904, $7,269,235. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $75.00. Forest timbers: pine, oak, poplar, hickory, birch, maple, cherry, ash, walnut and chestnut. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes, field peas, ground peas and hay from crab and Bermuda grass and clover; Horticultural: every kind of vegetable, peaches, apples, plums, cherries, canteloupes, watermelons, grapes and berries; Mineral: granite, graphite, galena. CLAY COUNTY.--Population: white, 2,865; colored, 5,703; total, 8,568. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,161,806; 1904, $1,275,401. Price of lands per acre: from $2.50 to $25.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, and other hard woods, longleaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rice, sugarcane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, Bermuda, Johnson and crab grass, sorghum forage and pea-vine hay; Horticultural: Melons, peaches, grapes, berries and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: marls. There are some mineral springs. CLAYTON COUNTY.--Population, white, 5,572; colored, 4,026; total, 9,598. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $i,453>54; 1904- $M94,39T- Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $40.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, cherry, walnut, maple, ash and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, barley, sorghum cane, sugar cane, sweet and Irish potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, hay from Timothy, red-top, blue, orchard, crab and Bermuda grasses, also clover and peayines; Horticultural: peaches, apples, berries, melons, cherries, plums, figs, and vegetables of all varieties ; Mineral: asbestos. CLINCH COUNTY.--Population, 5,142; colored, 3,590; total, 8,732 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,042,544; 1904, $1,063,296. Price of lands per acre: from $2.50 to $15.00. Forest timbers: yellow pine, cypress and live oak. Products: Agricultural: sea-island cotton, corn, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes and tobaccoHorticultural: peaches, berries, pecans and vegetables; Mineral: marls. COBB COUNTY.--Population: white, 17,334; colored, 7,330; total, 24,664 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $5,218,525; 1904, $5,352,745- Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $75.00. Forest timbers: vellow and white hickory, post and red oak, maple, ash and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, sorghum-cane, hay from crab grass, clover and peavmes; Horticultural: all Varieties of vegetables, peaches, apples, grapes, berries melons; Mineral: gold, copper. 4 > I \ !' ill It HOUSES AND YARDS FOR BERKSHIRE HOGS, SMYRNA, COBB COUNTY. > - mim J h I' 74 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. COFFEE COUNTY.--Population: white, 9,558; colored, 6,611; total, 16,169. Ag- gregate value of whole property: $2,732,993. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: All varieties of oak, hickory, gum, yellow pine and cypress. Products: Agricultural: sea-island cotton, corn, sugarcane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, crab-grass and peavine hay, and tobacco; Horticultural: all gar- den products, peaches, grapes, strawberries and melons; Mineral: . COLQUITT COUNTY.--Population, white, 10,034; colored, 3,602;'total, 13,636. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,777,044; 1904, $2,999,252. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultur- al : corn, upland and sea island cotton, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, oats, field- peas and ground-peas and tobacco; Horticultural: peaches, grapes, and melons; Min- eral : . COLUMBIA COUNTY.--Population: white, 2,900; colored, 7,753; total, 10,653. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $923,167; 1904, $980,986. Price of lands per acre from $3.00 to $30.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickroy, maple, walnut and pine. Products: Agricultural: corn, cotton, wheat, oats, rye, field-peas, ground-peas, red clover, alfalfa and vetches; Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, peas, melons, berries and vegetables of all varieties; Mineral: gold and clay. COWETA COUNTY.--Population: white, 10,759; colored, 14,221; total, 24,980. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $4,747,401; 1904, $4,761,880. Price 'of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $75.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, gum, walnut, maple and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, field-peas, ground-peas, hay from Bermuda grass, peavines, sorghum and millet; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, cherries, plums, grapes, every variety of vegetables, berries and melons; Mineral: gold and granite. CRAWFORD COUNTY.--Population, white, 4,550; colored, 5,818; total, 10,368. Aggregate value of whole property, 1903, $1,037,046; 1904, $1,042,669. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, bay, gum and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes, sugarcane, field-peas, ground-peas, crab and Bermuda grasses; Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, pears, grapes, cherries, berries, melons and all garden vegetables; Mineral : clay. DADE COUNTY.--Population: white, 4,140; colored, 438; total, 4,578. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $974,972, 1904, $1,011,636. Price of lands per acre: From $2.50 to $30.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, chestnut, walnut, maple, cherry, ash, poplar, pine locust and birch. Products: Agricultural: cotton, wheat, corn, oats! barley, rye, Irish potatoes, crab grass, hay and clover; Horticultural: apples, peaches! grapes and nearly all vegetables; Mineral: coal and iron. DAWSON COUNTY.--Population, white, 5,271 ; colored, 171 ; total, 5,442. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $557,585; 1904, $578,124. Price of lands per acre: $2.50 to $25.00. Forest timbers: hickory, cedar, poplar, chestnut, locust, gum, walnut, oak, birch and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, rye, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, field peas, sorghum, crab-grass and tobacco; Horticulture: all kinds of vegetables, apples, peaches, cherries, melons, grapes and berries; Mineral: gold in large quantities. DECATUR COUNTY.--Population: white, 13,676; colored, 1^,778; total 29,454 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $4,567,481; 1904, $5,114,698. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $70.00. Forest timbers: yellow-pine, cypress and various kinds of oaks. Products: Agricultural: cotton (upland and sea-island), corn sugar cane GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 75 oats sweet and some Irish potatoes, field peas, ground-peas, tobacco, grains and for- n^e crops One farm has nearly i.ooo acres in tobacco. The syrup industry is flour- ishing; Horticultural: peaches, plums, berries of all kinds, figs, melons, and all the usual garden vegetables; Mineral: Marls. DeKALB COUNTY.--Population: white, 14,068; colored, 7,044; total, 21,112. Ag- gregate value of whole property. 1903, $4,936,473". 1904, $4,9i8,375- Price of lands pej acre- from $500 to $75.00. Forest timbers: oak, chestnut, cherry, walnut, hickory and nine' Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground peas and crab grass hay; Horticultural: peaches apples, plums, cherries, pears, figs, berries, watermelons, cantaloupes, and all vegetables, Mineral: granite and gneiss. DODGE COUNTY.--Population: white, 8,270; colored, 5,705; total, 13,975- Ag- nate value of whole property: 1903, $1,985,250; 1904, $2,187,573- Price of lands per acre- from $300 to $35.00. Forest timbers: yellow pine with some oak hickory, and other hardwoods. Products: Agricultural: corn, cotton (upland and sea-island), sugar- cane oats wheat rye, sweet and Irish potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, and hay from crab'o-rass and German millet; Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, figs, grapes, cher- ries, melons, berries and all the usual vegetables; Mineral: . DOOLY COUNTY.--Population, white, 11,883; colored, 14,684; total, $26,567. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $4,278,091; 1904, $4,560,950. Price of lands pefacfe from $3.00 to $70.00 Forest timbers: large quantities of yellow pine and some hard woods Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field peas, ground-peas,, crab-grass hay; Horticultural: the usual varieTes of vegetables, melons, berries, figs, peaches, plums and cherries; Mineral: marls. DOUGHERTY COUNTY.--Population: white, 2,451; colored, 11,228, total, 13,- 670 Aggregate value ri whole property: 1903, $3,834,23o; 1904, $4,087,868. Pnce of lands per" acV from ,-.00 to $70.00. Forest timbers: yellow pine, cypress and some hardwoods Product-- Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, upland rice, sugar-cane, Irisn and sweepota: .ts, field-peas and ground-peas, crab and crowfoot grass, Egypt- ian corn German millet and sorghum forage; Horticultural: peaches pears, grapes, 1 figs, watermelons, cantaloupes and all varieties of vegetables; Mineral: . DOUGLAS COUNTY.--Population: white, 6,590; colored, 2,155; total 8,745- A^re"ate value of whcl: property, 1903, $1,123,062; 1904, $1,139496- Pnce of lands ner acfe from $?oo to -, m Forest timbers: oak,'hickory, chestnut gum, birch, maple and some pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye Irish nd'swee" potXe?, sorghum cane, field-peas groun^eas and crab-grass hayHortcultural: peaches, apples, melons, berries, plums, cherries, figs and all vegetables, I Mineral, pyrites. EARLY COUNTY .-Population: white, 5,863; colored, 8,965; total. 14,828 Ag- nate value of whole property: 1903, $2,282,925; 1904, $2,693430- Price of lands per fere from $400 to $.5.00 Forest timbers: yellow pine, cypress, oak, walnut and reTcedar Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, sweet potatoes, sugar-cane, rke; Horticultural: all varieties of vegetables, melons, berries, peaches and figs; Mm- eral: marls. FCHOLS COUNTY.--Population: white, 2,218; colored, 991; total 3,209 Ag- gregat^ value"of whole property: I9o3, ^^9/8; x^4, .$435,543^ Pr-jfands per tcre- from $2 50 to $35.00. Forest timbers: yellow pine, cypress. Products. Agn cultural cotton (seafsland), corn, sugarcane, rice; Horticultural: the different va- rieties of vegetables, some peaches, berries, melons; Mineral: mans. I S ) 76 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. lands per acre: from Is.cxAoVoo. S.ejt'SbS: ^ an$d^s Products" Agricultural: cotton, both long (sea-island) and short 'iinlnnrn fpr,eSSl rrodu-Cts. cane oats, Irish and sweet potftL, fid"pL?U,,,,dp af ^ d f VoSulTufah peaches^pples, pears, qumces, grapes, melons and all varieties of vegetables St gregS^ofwn^o^-k^: ^^^^^#** ?fa ** acre: from walnut and $3.00 some to $70*00P Forest pine. Products- SAbcreipriisltf'iiPr al k'TMft+f,i!?c*neJsth nu^ t, upotp^ lart, ^cfher^ ry, I II wheat, Irish and sweet potatoes S^hum-cane Horticultural: apples cherries nmeiZ' fielrf PS', ' ,crabf-I=&rassTh"ay' atS' ^e' and clover; tables; Mineral :Pg0Jd, copper ? ' bemeS and th usual varieties of ^ege- FAYETTE COUNTY.-Population: white, 6 v colo~d * efir t^ 1 Aggregate per acre: value from of whole property: iqo? $? 00 to Jioon Fnr / $^v1,'0o0r1'55f6i' ,'nn? ^ , $1 ' 3-S6i, total, 10,114. '10,970. Pnce of lands nut, pine, gum and 'poplar^^ Products AST^ ITM*' ?,Ck01>" waInut- mapIe- chestbarley, Irish and sw potatoZ^'^^f^T^'^' wbeat> r^> oa^ crab grass hay; HorticulturalpeacheanX ,P ' sorShui? and sugar-cane and of vegetables; Mineral: granite. PP ' mdnS?-' grapeS' berries' and aI1 kinds ^S^^^^^^/^^^.^rt ^80; total, 33,^. per acre: from $5.00 to gum, chestnut and pine. $75 o0P Forest Products Sber^mt 'l?& ^'501'^68- TM Ll ^ ^ ^u^' Price of ^nds maple> popIar' ley, Irish and sweet potatoes field^ crab grass and clover; Horticultu^ sorghum-cane and hay from all varieties of berries watermelon ' r^lj' P ^ W' plums' graPes> cherries, brown and red iron ores nanganes limestone, cement rock ithnarl ' bauS t ^' marWSe f(van"e^gfatefd/^ anedtabblleasc=k)M, inselaratel: minous shale, iron p^X&Slea^ ^ ^ ^ bdck ^ bit- ^J^^^^^^^^'^' ctred> ^ totaI> "-SSO. per acre: from $3.00 to $45 00 FoV sTtimoi?'57'; 'V' *T*<*&* F^ f lands nut and the varieties of oak. Product SSdk'r "ndtfowth Pine; hickory, chestrye, Irish and sweet potatoes, field peas n2*Z ' 0ttT' COrn' wheat> oats> ba1^^ and Bermuda grass and from 'clover? TnheeD^eTsthhaavy ooff tlhe^cV ounty^is'a hmai7xtu^remof cpreaab- It? ^^HTT^HSB^ PICKING TOMATOES. I 78 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. vine, sorghum and crab grass; Horticultural: apples, peaches, plums, grapes berries melons and vegetables of every kind; Mineral: gold and small amounts of silver and copper. FRANKLIN COUNTY.--Population: white, 13,496; colored, 4,204; total, 17,700. Aggregate value of whole property: $1,916,413- Price of lands Per acr(;: frorn u ^00 to $4? 00 Forest timbers: different varieties of oak, hickory, maple, ash, birch, gum, walnut, poplar and some pine. Products: Agrucultural: cotton, corn, wheat, rye, oats sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, hay from crab and Bermuda grass; Hor- ticultural: vegetables of all kinds, apples, peaches, berries and melons; Mineral: granite. FULTON COUNTY.--Population: white, 71,59!; colored, 45,772; total. 117,363Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $55,550,135; 1904, $58,322,234. Price of lands per acre: from $10.00 to $125.00. Forest timbers: oak and walnut. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, rye, oats, field-peas, ground-peas, Irish and sweet potatoes hay from clover, blue grass, Bermuda, crab and orchard grasses, red top, Timothy and peavines; Horticultural: peaches,apples, cherries, plums, peas, grapes berries melons and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: some copper, iron pyrites, asbestos and'gold, none of which are being mined. Clays for making brick and terra cotta are being worked. GILMER COUNTY.--Population: white, 10,121; colored, 77; total, 10,198. Ag- gregate value of whole property: 1903, $769,366; 1904, $812,391. Price of lands per acre: from $2.50 to $25.00. Forest timbers: chiefly oak and poplar. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, upland rice, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, red-top, Timothy, Bermuda, clover, crab, orchard and blue grass. Horticultural: apples, peaches, quinces, plums, cherries, grapes, some berries and melons and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: gold, iron, white and variegated marbles, limestone, sandstone, mica, slate and granite. GLASCOCK COUNTY.--Population: white, 3,001; colored, 1,515; total, 4,516. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $445,558; 1904, $479>685- Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $25.00. Forest timbers: oak, walnut, pine, chestnut, hickory, maple, and gum. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas; Horticultural: all varieties of vege- tables, apples, peaches, plums, cherries, grapes, melons and berries; Mineral: . GLYNN COUNTY.--Population: white, 5,200; colored, 9,117; total, 14,314- Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $4,401,168; 1904, $4,483,692. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $50.00. Forest timbers: cypress, sweet-gum, beech, gum. white oak, live oak, post oak, ash, and yellow pine. Products: Agricultural: sea-island cotton, corn, sugarcane, wheat, oats, rye, rice, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas and ground-peas, some hay from Bermuda and crab grass; Horticultural: peaches, plums, pears, quinces, melons, figs, grapes and berries and all vegetables; Mineral: marls. < GORDON COUNTY.--Population: white, 12,488; colored, 1,631; total, 14,119 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,179,486; 1904, $2,249,857. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $35.00. Forest timbers: oak walnut, poplar, ash, hickory, chestnut and some pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes, sorghum-cane, field-peas, ground-peas, crab grass and clover hay: Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, grapes, berries, melons, and all kinds of vegetables ; Mineral: iron, limestone, bauxite, black and variegated marble. GREENE COUNTY.--Population: white, 5,325; colored, 11,217; total, 16,542 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,057,237; 1904, $2,096,633. Price 0 ,i,r 1 /^^^n^T^aaM^^^^ GATHERING BEANS. 1 ill I' 80 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. lands per acre: From $5.00 to $40.00. Forest timbers: oak hickory, gum, maple, cherry and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sorghum cane, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, clover, Bermuda, German millet and peavine hay; Horticultural: peaches, apples, cherries, plums, grapes, berries, melons, and the usual kinds of vegetables; Mineral: Granite. GWINNETT COUNTY.--Population: white, 21,442; colored, 4,143; total, 25,585. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903,. $3,645,319; 1904, $3,793,296. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, walnut, maple, poplar, gum and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, sorghum-cane, hay from crab grass and clover; Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, cherries, pears, grapes, vegetables of all kinds, berries and melons; Mineral: granite, iron, quartz, buhrstone and some gold. HABERSHAM COUNTY.--Population: white, 11,812; colored, 1,792; total, 13,604. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,793,859; 1904, $2,017,817. Price of lands per acre: from $2.50 to $35.00. Forest timbers: white oak, post oak, poplar, maple, hickory, beech, walnut, cedar and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field peas and ground-peas,' clover, alfalfa, vetches and all the hay grasses; Horticultural: garden vegetables (especially cabbage and Irish potatoes), apples, plums, pears, grapes, cherries, melons and berries; Mineral: iron, graphite, asbestos, gold, copper, ochre, manganese, marble, slate, graphite, talc and sandstone. HALL COUNTY.--Population: white, 17,480; colored, 3,272; total, 20,752 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $5,184,207; 1904, $5,458,633. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $75-00. Forest timbers: white oak, post-oak, poplar, hickory, pine, maple, ash, walnut, mountain oak and locust. Products: Agricultural: corn, cotton, wheat, oats, rye, sorghum cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas groundpeas, crab and Bermuda grass and clover; Horticultural: apples, peaches pears plums, cherries, grapes, figs, berries, melons and all garden produce; Mineral- gold' granite and other building stones, brick clay, and some iron, lead and silver. HANCOCK COUNTY.--Population: white, 4,649; colored, 13,628; total, 18,277 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,049,963; 1904, $2,287,418. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $50.00. Forest timbers: pine, oak, sweet gum, maole, hickory and walnut Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, sugar-cane and sorghum-cane, crab and Bermuda grass and clover; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, grapes, melons berries, and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: asbestos, plumbago, kaolin and HARALSON COUNTY.-Population: white, 10,280; colored, 1,642; total 11,922 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,570,120; 1904, $1,593,419- Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $50.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, walnut, gum, maple poplar and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye? sorghum- cane Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, crab grass and clover; Horticul- tural: apples peaches, bles ; Mineral: gold. plums, cherries, grapes, berries, melons and all garden vegs eta- crr,frH!fR^IS COUNTY.-Population: white, 5,823; colored, 12,186; total, 18,009. Ag- fcrf hotlfTMtirnT%y: T?' l1'8^^.: I904, $1,800,790. Price'of iaSs per acre, fiom $4.00 to $40x0 Forest timbers: oak, poplar, walnut, hickory, maple cherry, gum and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye barfey sugar-cane, sorghum-cane, sweet and Irish potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, crab grass ,iif ^~7?TiE?3iM^^S5> PICKING PEARS. \ \ r 11 82 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. hay; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries and grapes; Mineral: Granite. HART COUNTY.--Population: white, 10,467; colored, 4,025; total, 14,492. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,013,825; 1904, $1,678,978. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: oak, poplar, hickory, walnut, cherry, ash, gum, and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, crab and Bermuda grasses, German and cattail millet, Japan ciover; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, cherries, plums, grapes, melons, berries and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: granite. HEARD COUNTY.--Population: white, 7,163; colored, 4.014; total, 11,177. Aggregate vame of whole property: 1903, $964,476; 1904, $973,825. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $35.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, inap'e, oopiar, walnut, gum and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oafs, rye, lush and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, sorghum-cane, sugarcane, crab and Bermuda grass; Horticultural: vegetables of all kinds, peaches, apples, pears, cherries, melons, grapes and plums; Mineral: granite. HENRY COUNTY.--Population: white, 9,213; colored, 9,389;'total, 18,602. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,437,155; 1904, $2,350,267. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: oak, walnut, chestnut, poplar, maple, cherry, pine and gum. Products: Agricultural: corn, cotton, wheat, oats, barley, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, sorghum-cane, sugar-cane, crab and Bermuda grasses and clover; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, figs, plums, cherries, melons, grapes, berries and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: granite. HOUSTON COUNTY.--Population: white, 5,635; colored, 17,006; total, 22,641. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,989,300; 1904, $2,995,255. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $50.00. Forest timbers: oak, poplar, walnut, maple and yellow pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, sorghum-cane, sugar-cane, crab-grass hay; Horticultural: peaches( greatest peach county in the United States), apples, pears, plums, figs, cherries, grapes, berries, melons, and vegetables of every kind; Mineral: clay. IRWIN COUNTY.--Population: white, 8,960; colored, 4,685; total, 13,465. Ag- gregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,753,318; 1904, $3,279,039. Price of lands p'er acre: from $4.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: yellow pine, white-oak, wateroak, tulip, Juniper, cypress, black-gum, cedar, red oak, ash and hickory. Products: Agricultural: cotton (sea island and upland), corn, wheat, oats, rye, rice, sugar-cane, sorghum-cane, sweet and Irish potatoes, field peas, ground-peas, hay from Bermuda, crab and crow- foot grasses, peavines, cattail millet and velvet beans; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plum, cherries, grapes, melons, berries and all vegetables; Mineral: . JACKSON COUNTY.--Population: white, 16,433; colored, 7,606; total, 24,039. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3,473,151; 1904, $3,615,769. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $60.00. Forest timbers: pine, oak, post-oak, water-oak, white-oak, hickory, poplar, persimmon, beech, dogwood, birch and ash. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, rye, barley, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, field peas, ground-peas, sorghum cane, hay from crab grass, millet, red clover, Bermuda grass and peavines; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries, and vegetables of all kinds; Mineral: granite, quartz, soapstone, asbestos, tourmaline and some iron ore. JASPER COUNTY.--Population: white, 5,388; colored, 9,645; total, 15,033. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,767,355; 1904, $1,822,226. Price of lands *p5S!F?*y 7^> /^t-j DIOGING POTATOES. It I ir'aJLi'VlAj1 84 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. per acre: from $5.00 to $35.00. Forest timbers: oak, poplar, hickory, walnut, maple, cherry, gum and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, barley, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, sorghum cane, sugarcane, Bermuda and crab grass hay; Horticultural: apples, grapes, berries; Mineral, . JEFFERSON COUNTY.--Population: white, 6,634; colored, 11,578; total, 18,212. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,613,660; 1904, $2,864,255. Price of lands per acre: from $5-00 to $40.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, poplar, walnut, cherry, maple and long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sorghum-cane, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, Bermuda and crab grass; Horticultural: peaches, apples, grapes, cherries, melons, berries and the usual garden vegetables; Mineral: Buhrstone, limestone, marls. Some specimens of agate and chalcedony have been found. JOHNSON COUNTY.--Population: white, 6,878; colored, 4,531; total, 11,409. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,501,082; 1904, $1,641,644. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $35.00. Forest timbers: some hard woods as oak, hickory, poplar, etc., and large quantities of long-leaf (yellow) pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton (upland and sea-island), corn, oats, wheat, rye, sugarcane, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, crab grass and peavine hay, field-peas and grouna-peas; Horticul- tural: all vegetables, apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, grapes, melons and ber- ries; Mineral: . JONES COUNTY.--Population: white, 3,908; colored, 9,450; total, 13,358. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,074,353; 1904, $1,059,437. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $30.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, poplar and other hardwoods, also short-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum-cane, sugar-cane, field-peas, ground-peas, Irish and sweet potatoes! hay from Bermuda and crab grass and clover; Horticultural: apples, peaches, figs! pears, plums, berries, melons, cherries and all the usual vegetables; Mineral: kaolin* LAURENS COUNTY.--Population: white, 14,569; colored, 11,339; total, 25,908. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3,833,823; 1904, $3,998,411. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: a few hard woods and large quantities of yellow pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton (upland and sea-island), corn, wheat, rye, oats, barley, sorghum-cane, sugar-cane, field-peas, ground-peas, Irish and sweet potatoes, hay from Bermuda and crab-grasses and peavines; Horticultural: peaches, apples, figs, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries, grapes and all the common garden vegetables; Mineral: marls. LEE COUNTY.--Population: white, 1,507; colored, 8,837; total, 10,344. Aggregate value of whole property : $1,231,868. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $35.00. Forest timbers: poplar, cypress, hickory, white oak and yellow pine. Products : Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, hay from Bermuda, crab and crowfoot grasses and peavines; Horticultural: vegetables of all kinds, melons, peaches, apples, pears, berries and cherries; Mineral :marls. LIBERTY COUNTY.--Population: white, 4,479; colored, 8,614; total, 13,093. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,361,346; 1904, $1,396,180. Price of' lands per acre: from $3.50 to $30.00. Forest timbers: yellow pine, oak, palmetto gum cypress, magnolia, poplar, maple and hickory. Products: Agricultural: sea-isla'nd cotton corn, nee, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, chufas, sugarcane, hay from Bermuda, crab and crowfoot grasses; Horticultural: vegetables of every kind apples, peaches, grapes, melons, cherries and berries; Mineral: marls. LINCOLN COUNTY.--Population: white, 2,883; colored, 4,273; total 7 156 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $718,740; 1904, $726,889. Price of lands per ft" ^~??^>M^3^ ARTESIAN WELL AT ALBANY, GA. 86 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. acre: from $3.50 to $30.00. Forest timbers: several varieties of oak, hickory, poplar, maple, dogwood and a considerable quantity of pine. Products: Agricultural: cot- ton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, and barley, sorghum-cane, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet po- tatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, hay from crab and Bermuda grasses and clover; Horti- cultural: peaches, apples, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries and Vegetables of all kinds; Mineral: gold and granite. LOWNDES COUNTY.--Population: white, 9,347; colored, 10,689; total, 20,036. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $4,644,290; 1904, $4,861,712. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $50.00. Forest timbers: some oak and poplar and other hardwoods and extensive forests of yellow pine. Products: Agricultural: upland and a much larger amount of sea-island cotton, corn, sugar-cane, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, broom corn, and hay from crab and crowfoot grasses and peavines; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, plums, cherries, melons berries, grapes and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: marls. LUMPKIN COUNTY.--Population: white, 6,951; colored, 482; total, 7,433. Aggregate value of white property: $902,520. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $50.00. Forest timbers: oaks of various kinds, hickory, ash, poplar, maple, gum beech, birch, walnut and some pine. Products: Agricultural: corn, wheat, oats, rye' barley, sorghum-cane, field peas, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas and a little upland cotton; Horticultural: peaches, pears, quinces and apples of the best quality; Mineral: gold in large quantities. McDUFFIE COUNTY.--Population: white, 3,661; colored, 6,143; total, 9,804. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,392,276; 1904, $1,463,113. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, poplar and other hard woods and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, fieldpeas, ground-peas, sorghum-cane, sugar-cane, hay from crab grass and peavines; Horticultural: vegetables of all kinds, apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries berries grapes, watermelons, canteloupes; Mineral: gold and clay. McINTOSH COUNTY.-Population: white, 1,456; colored, 5,081; total 6,537 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $690,455; 1904, $679,242. Price of lands per acre: from $2.50 to $25.00. Forest timbers: cypress, sweet-gum, white and live oak, ash, hickory and pine. Products: Agricultural: sea-island cotton, corn, oats sugarcane rice, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, and crab grass hay Horticultural: peaches, melons, berries. ajiH ril kinds nS vegetables; Mineral: marls. ' MACON COUNTY.--Population: white, 4,302; colored, 9,791; total, 14,093. Aggregate value of wnole property: 1903, $2,140,334; 1904, $2,263,089. Price of lands per acre;. from $400 to $50.00. Forest timbers: Oak, poplar, and long-leaf pine. Produce. Agricultural, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sugar-cane, sorghum-cane, g m and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, hay from crab grass and peavines; Horticultural: peaches 1,1 great quantities, apples, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries and all the usual garden vegetables; Mineral: clay. This is the second peach-growing county in the State, ranking next to Houston. AAgg^reMgAafteISvCa?luNe Cof,Ow^hNo1lTe Yp- ropPe0rptyu:lati109n0:3, White> 9>339; colored, 3,885; total, 13,224. $1,216,490; 1904, $1,316,762. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $35.00. Forest timbers: Oaks, walnut, poplar, cherry, gum, maple cedar and short-leaf pme. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats ^:sss?is^ ^- <- ^ - ^ * -- rye, sorghum-cane, Irish and swveeerty pkoitnadtoesf, fieldt-Mpeas, grouiensd-peas, crab grass hay and 1 Ill h SCENE iN PEACH ORCHARD. ii-' L l: 88 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. MARION COUNTY.--Population: white, 4,231; colored, 5,849; total, 10,080. Ag- gregate value of whole property, 1903, $1,176,309; 1904, $1,214,769. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $35.00. Forest timbers: Some good hardwoods and a little long- leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sorghum-cane, su- gar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, and hay from crab and pea- vines; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, figs, melons, berries and all varieties of veg- etables; Mineral, . MERIWETHER COUNTY.--Population: white, 9,522; colored, 13,817; total, 23.339- Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,995,884; 1904, $1,942,160. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $35.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, poplar, maple, walnut and some pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sorghum-cane,, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, and crab grass hay; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, cherries, plums, melons, berries, grapes and the usual kinds of vegetables; Mineral: gold, iron, asbestos and granite. MILLER COUNTY.--Population: white, 3,611; colored, 2,708; total, 6,319. Ag- gregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,053,804; 1904, $1,289,856. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $35.00. Forest timbers: some hard woods and a considerable quantity of long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, sugar-cane, oats, sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas; Horticultural: vegetables of all kinds, peaches, apples, melons, berries, plums and cherries; Mineral: . MILTON COUNTY.--Population: white, 6,000; colored, 763; total, 6,763. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $910,206; 1904, $904,267. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $15.00. Forest timbers: oak, walnut, hickory, chestnut, maple, cherry, gum and pine. Products: Agricultural: corn, cotton, wheat, oats, rye, barley, Irish and sweet potatoes, ground-peas, sorghum-cane, and hay from crabgrass and clover; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, grapes, melons, berries and the usual garden products; Mineral: mica and granite. MITCHELL COUNTY.--Population :white, 6,778; colored, 7,989; total, $14767 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,743,784; 1904, $3,173,085. Price of lands per acre: fro m$3.5o to $40.00. Forest timbers: some hardwoods and considerable long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: upland and sea-island cotton, wheat corn oats, rice, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas and ground-peas, sugar-cane, Bermuda and crab-grass and peavines; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, melons berries grapes and all the usual garden vegetables; Mineral: marls. MONROE COUNTY.--Population: white, 6,817; colored, 13,865; total, 20,682. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,478,663; 1904, $2,568,114. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $50.00. Forest timbers: oak, poplar, walnut, hickory and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes, neld-peas, ground-peas, sorghum-cane, sugar-cane, crab-grass hay; Horticulturalpeaches, apples, pears, figs, plums, cherries, melons, grapes, berries and every variety of vegetables; mineral: mica. MONTGOMERY COUNTY.-Population: white, 9,653; colored, 6,706; total, 16,359- Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,441,667; 1904, $2,662,810. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $35.00. Forest timbers: cypress, oak, hickory, ash and long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, rice, sugar-cane Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas and ground-peas; Horticultural: peaches, apples,'figs pears berries, melons and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: marls. MORGAN COUNTY.-Population: white, 5,207; colored, 10,606; total, 15,813. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3,202,602. Price of lands per acre: from \ J 9 90 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. $5.00 to $50.00. Forest timbers: a few hardwoods and some second growth pine. * Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugar- cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, and large crop of hay from red top, Bermuda, crab and orchard grasses, peavines and clover; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, cherries, grapes, melons, plums, berries and all kinds of vegetables; Min- eral : some mica. MURRAY COUNTY.--Population: white, 8,102; colored, 521; total, 8,623. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,100,924; 1904, $1.157,704. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $30.00. Forest timbers: oak, ash, beech, birch, laurel, chestnut, hickory, walnut, maple, gum and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, rye, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, sorghum-cane, field-peas, and hay from crab-grass and clover; Horticultural: apples, peaches, plums, cherries, grapes, melons, berries and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: gold, talc, limestone, marble. MUSCOGEE COUNTY.--Population: white, 14,229; colored, 15,607; total, 29,836. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $16,275,610; 1904, $17,593,405. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $75.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, poplar, chestnut, dogwood and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, sorghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground peas, hay from crab and Johnson grasses; Horticultural: apples, peaches, plums, pears, cherries, grapes, melons and berries; Mineral: granite. NEWTON COUNTY.--Population: white, 8,589; colored, 8,145; total, 16,734. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3,088,533; 1904, $3,365,214. Price of lands per acre: from $4.50 to $70.00. Forest timbers: a few hardwoods, as oak and poplar, and second growth pines. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, Irish potatoes, sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, sorghum and sugarcane', hay from crab and Bermuda grass; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, cherries, figs, grapes, melons, berries, and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: granite. OCONEE COUNTY.--Population: white, 4,189; colored, 4,413; total, 8,602. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,145,712; 1904, $1,176,900. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, chestnut, walnut, sycamore, poplar, maple, ash and gum and short-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, fieldpeas and ground-peas, hay from crab and Bermuda grasses, peavines and clover; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, figs, melons, berries and all kinds of vegetables ; Mineral: mica, feldspar, horn-blende and gneiss. OGLETHORPE COUNTY.--Population: white, 5,638; colored, 12,243; total, 17,881. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,691,952; 1904, $1,829,879. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $35.00. Forest timbers: oak, pine, hickory, poplar, birch, ash, maple, sweet gum, blackgum, dogwood and cedar. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, fieldpeas, ground-peas, hay from Bermuda, crab-grass and clover; Horticultural: apples peaches, pears, cherries, grapes, plums, figs, melons, berries and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: gold, granite, graphite and ochre. PAULDING COUNTY.--Population: white, 11,624; colored, 1,345; total, 12969 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,536,103; 1904, $1,604,030. Price of land per acre: from $4.00 to $45-QO. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, pine, gum maple walnut, chestnut, birch. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat oats rye barley, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, hay from 'crab- ---- - FTFFD OF CORN. 1 92 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. grass, peavines, and clover; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries and the usual vegetables; Mineral: gold, pyrites and shales. PICKENS COUNTY.--Population: white, 8,226; colored, 415; total, 8,641. Ag- gregate value of whole property: 1903, $838,885; 1904, $830,477. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $25.00. Forest timbers: oak of the various kinds, ash, poplar, \ hickory, maple, and other hardwoods and short-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: corn, wheat, barley, oats, rye, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, crab- grass hay, clover, and some tobacco; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, grapes, melons, berries and all kinds of vegetables (cabbages and turnips be- ing specially fine) ; Mineral: marble in large quantities, iron ore and limestone. PIERCE COUNTY.--Population: white, 5,916; colored, 2,184; total, 8,100. Aggregate value of whole property: 103, $1,797,691; 1904, $1,942,238. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $30.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, black gum, poplar, maple, and cypress in considerable quantities and a great quantity of yellow (long-leaf) pine. Products: Agricultural: sea-island cotton, corn, oats, Irish and sweet potatoes, sugarcane, field-peas, ground-peas, and crab grass hay; Horticultural: peaches, pears, berries, melons and all kinds of vegetables :Mineral. PIKE COUNTY.--Population: white, 9,158; colored, 9,603; total, 18,761. ^Aggre- gate value of whole property: 1903, $2,530817; 1904, $2,710,078. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $60.00. Forest timbers: oak, poplar, hickory, walnut, maple, cherry, gum and some short leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: citton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugarcane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground- peas, hay from crab and Bermuda grass, peavine and various kinds of millets; Horti- cultural : apples, peaches, pears, grapes, cherries, melons, berries and all the vegeta- bles ; Mineral: . POLK COUNTY.--Population: white, 12937; colored, 4,919; total, 17,856. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3,594,746; 1904, $3,833,144. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $65.00. Forest timbers : oak, poplar, hickory, chestnut, maple, cherry, beech, birch, gum and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, rye, oats, barley, Irish and sweet potatoes, sorghum and sugar-cane, field peas, groundpeas, and hay from crab and Bermuda grass and clover; Horticulturl: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries and vegetables of every kind; Mineral: iron and slate. PULASKI COUNTY.--Population: white, 7,460; colored, 11,029; total, 18,489. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,598,686; 1904, $2,740,641. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $50.00. Forest timbers: oak, poplar, gum, hickory, cypress and long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sugarcane, sorghum, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, cherries, melons, berries and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: Clay and limestone. PUTNAM COUNTY.--Population: white, 3,379; colored, 10,057; total, 13,436. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,957,709; 1904, $1,964,873. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $60.00. Forest timbers: oak, chestnut, hickory, poplar, cherry, ash, walnut, sweetgum and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, hay, rye, barley, sorghum and sugar cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, hay from crab and Bermuda grass; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, figs, plums, cherries, pomegranates, melons, berries and all garden vegetables; Mineral: granite and brick clay. SHIPPING MELONS. 94 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. QUITMAN COUNTY.--Population: white, 1,254; colored, 3,447; total> 4.7i. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $532.942; I94> $560,673. Price of lands per /I acre: from $3.00 to $20.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, chestnut, beech, gum, walnut, poplar and some yellow pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sorghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, chufas, rice, hay from crab, Bermuda and Johnson grass; Horticultural: peaches, pears, apples, figs, melons, berries and all the usual garden vegetables; Mineral: . RABUN COUNTY.--Population: white, 6,104; colored, 181; total, 6,285. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $578,195; 1904, $761,702. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $15.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, chestnut, walnut, poplar, cedar, maple, beech, ash, birch, gum, persimmon and pine. Products: Agricultural: corn, wheat, oats, rye, upland rice, Irish and sweet potatoes, sorghum cane, field-peas, ground peas, hay from crab and Bermuda grass and clover; Horticultural: apples of the finest quality, some of the other fruits and all kinds of vegetables, especially white head cabbage of enormous size; Mineral: gold, asbestos, mica, corundum, copper, sandstone, iron, carbonate of iron and alum. RANDOLPH COUNTY.--Population: white, 5,550; colored, 11,297; total, 16,- 847. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,161,950; 1904, $2,338,354. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $65.00. Forest timbers: ash, maple, poplar and yellow pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, rye, oats, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, upland rice, hay from crab and crowfoot grass- es and peavines; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries, and all the usual garden vegetables; Mineral: . RICHMOND COUNTY.--Population: white, 27,439; colored, 26,296; total, 53,- 735. Aggregate value of whole property: $23,023,761. Price of lands per acre: from $5.00 to $100.00. Forest timbers: oak, walnut, sweetgum, cherry, maple, poplar, pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, barley, peas, hay from Ber- muda, crab and Guinea grasses, peavines and vetch; Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, pears, cherries, grapes, figs, some pecans and vegetables of every kind; also some pecans; Mineral: sandstone, kaolin, brick and pottery clay. ROCKDALE COUNTY.--Population: white, 4,419; colored, 3,096; total, 7,515. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,494,132; 1904, $1,625,061. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $60.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, walnut, sweet gum, poplar, maple, ash and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugar cane, field peas, ground peas, Irish and sweet potatoes, hay from crab and Bermuda grasses, peavines and different species of millet; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, figs, grapes, melons, berries and all the usual garden products; Mineral: granite in large quantities. SCHLEY COUNTY.--Population: white, 1,916; colored, 3,583; total, 5,499. Ag- gregate vlalue of whole property: 1903, $802,096; 1904, $851,632. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $20.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, ash, maple and long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet pota- toes, field peas and ground peas; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, ber- L . ries, melons, and vegetables of all kinds; Mineral: . SCREVEN COUNTY.--Population: white, 8,306; colored, 10,946; total, 19,252. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,810,148;'1904, $1,984,098. Price of lands per acre: rfom $4.00 to $20.00. Forest timbers: white oak, ash, maple, poplar, longleaf pine and cypress. Products: Agricultural: Upland and some sea-island cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, rice, sorghum and sugarcane, field-peas, ground-peas, chufas, Irish and sweet potatoes, hay from crab grass and peavines; Horticultural: peaches, GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. g[- apples, plums, figs, melons, berries and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: buhrstone and SPALDING COUNTY.-Population: white, 8,465; colored, 9,154; total, 17,619 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $4,264,784; 1904, $4,425,580. Price of lands per acre: from $5 00 to $75.00. Forest timbers: Oak, ash, maple and poplar and pine iroducts: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, Irish and sweet potatoes sorghum, millet, peavmes, clover and vetches; Horticultural: apples peaches pears grapes, cherries, melons, berries and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral, granite.' ' ' STEWART COUNTY.--Population: white, 4,019; colored, 11,837; total iq8;6 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,914,755; 1904, $1,929,366. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $50.00. Forest timbers: Some hardwoods and long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: corn, wheat, rye, sugarcane, Irish and sweet potatoes neld-peas, ground-peas, crab, Bermuda, Johnson and Crowfoot grasses; Horticultural-' peaches, plums, apples, pears, berries, melons and all vegetables; Mineral: marls and brick clay. SUMTER COUNTY.-Population: white, 7,399; colored, 18,813; total, 26,212 Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $4,913,563; 1904, $5,376,180. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $75.00. Forest timbers: oak, poplar, hickory and other hardwoods and yellow pine and cypress. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, Bermuda and'crabgrass and peavines for hay; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, plums, cherries melons, berries, and all varieties of vegetables; Mineral: marls. TALBOT COUNTY.-Population: white, 3,658; colored, 8,539; total, 12,197. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,107,902; 1904, $1,129,559. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $35.00. Forest timbers: some hardwoods and pine. Products : Agricultural: corn, cotton, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugar cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, and crab-grass hay; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries and all garden vegetables; Mineral, --'. TALIAFERRO COUNTY.-Population: white, 2,391; colored, 5,521; total, 7,- 912. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $725,838; 1904, $741,150. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $35.00. Forest timbers: a few hardwoods and some short-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sor- ghum and sugar-cane, field peas, ground-peas, Irish and sweet potatoes and crab grass hay; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries and all va- rieties of vegetables; Mineral, . TATTNALL COUNTY.--Population: white, 13,306; colored, 7,113; total, 20,419. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $4,000,000; 1904, $4,051,071. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers: a few hardwoods and extensive forests of long-leaf (yellow) pine. Products: Agricultural: sea-island cotton, com, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas and sugar-cane; Horticultural: peaches and other fruits, melons, berries and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: marls. TAYLOR COUNTY.-Population: white, 4,820; colored, 5,026; total, 9,846. Aggregate value of whole rpoperty: 1903, $1,009,507; 1904, $1,088,465. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $35.00. Forest timbers: some hardwoods and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, fieldpeas, ground-peas, hay from crab grass; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries, and all vegetables; Mineral: clay. J 96 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. TELFAIR COUNTY.--Population: white, 5,957; colored, 4,126; total, 10,083. Ag- gregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,560,631; 1903, $1,726,597. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 o $25.00. Forest timbers: some hardwoods, including cypress, but the most extensive forests of pine. Products: Agricultural: upland and sea-island cotton, corn, oats, rye, sugarcane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, chufas, rice, millet, crab-grass hay; Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, pears, ber- ries, melons, and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral, . TERRELL COUNTY.--Population: white, 5,674; colored, 13,349; total, 19,023. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,879,678; 1904, $3,195,923. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $60.00. Forest timbers: oak, white oak, ash, maple, sycamore, poplar, gum, magnolia and long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sugar-cane, sorghum, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, groundpeas, crab and Bermuda grass, peavines and velvet bdans; Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, cherries, grapes, melons, berries and vegetables of every variety; Miner al: marls. THOMAS COUNTY.--Population: white, 13,626; colored, 17,450; total, 31,076. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $5,056,631; 1904, $5,650,938. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $75.00. Forest timbers: various kinds of oak, hickory, poplar, magnolia, gum, beech and large quantities of yellow pine. Products: Agricultural : upland and sea-island cotton, corn, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugarcane, field-peas, ground-peas and crab-grass hay; Horticultural: all varieties of vegetables, peaches, pears, apples, plums, berries, figs, grapes and melons; Mineral: marls. TOWNS COUNTY.--Population: white, 4,677; colored, yi; total, 4,748. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $376,180; 1904, $401,445. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $10.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, poplar, walnut, chestnut, cherry, Lynn birch, maple, ash, locust and pine. Products: Agricultural: corn, oats, wheat, rye, sorghum, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, crab-grass and peavine hay, red-top and clov'er; Horticultural: some peaches, grapes, cherries, plums, melons ands berries, abundance of apples of best quality, chestnuts, vegetables of all kinds, among which are turnips of immense size and cabbages of best quality and size; Mineral: granite, serpentine gneiss, gold, iron, chrome, magnetite, manganese, asbestos, talc, ochre, yellow and red plumbago, buhrstones, some gems and abundance of corundum. TROUP COUNTY.--Population: white, 8,668; colored, 15,334; total, 24,002. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $4,435,034; 1904, $4,556,204. Price of lands per acre: -from $4.00 to $80.00. Forest timbers: yellow pine, oak, hickory, maple, walnut, sweet gum, poplar, ash and cherry. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground peas, hay from Bermuda and crabgrass, peavines, clover and wheat hay; Horticultural : peaches, apples, pears, plums, cherries, grapes, melons, berries, figs, and the best of all varieties of vegetables and pecans; Mineral: some granite. TWIGGS COUNTY.--Population: white, 2,911; colored, 5,805; total, 8,716. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $881,051; 1904, $853,426. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $15.00. Forest timbers: pine, hickory, oak, poplar and other hardwoods peculiar to this section. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sorghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweeet potatoes, field-peas and ground-peas, Bermuda and crab grass hay, and peavines; Plorticultural: peaches, apples, pears, plums, figs, cherries, melons, berries and all varieties of vegetables; Mineral: pottery clay and bluestone., /, It I GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 97 UNION COUNTY.--Population: white, 8,353; colored, 128; total, 8,481. Aggregate value of whole property: $576,845. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $10.00. Forest timbers: oaks of various kinds, hickory, poplar, white and spruce pine, gum, walnut, black locust, maple and laurel. Products: Agricultural: corn, wheat, rye, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas and ground-peas, hay from crab and herd's grass, red top and clover; Horticultural: peaches, plums, cherries, large quantities of apples of finest quality, all varieties of garden vegetables, including turnips and cabbages of the best quality and size; Mineral: iron ore, alum, sulphate of iron and granite quartz, millstones and variegated marble. UPSON COUNTY.--Population: white, 6,189; colored, 7,481; total, 13,670. Aggregate value of whole property: $1,652,276. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $45.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, elm and other hardwoods, also some pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, rye, sorghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, crab and Bermuda grass hay; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, figs, cherries, berries, melons, and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: mica. WALKER COUNTY.--Population: white, 13,197; colored, 2,464; total, 15,661. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,542,121; 1904, $2,805,473. Price of lands per acre: from $3.00 to $45.00. Forest timbers oak, ash, walnut, hickory, maple, poplar, laurel, gum, chestnut and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, rye, oats and barley, sorghum, field-peas, ground-peas, Irish and sweet potatoes, hay from crab grass and clover; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, plums, cherries, melons, berries, and all kinds of vegetables, especially the finest of cabbages; Mineral: iron, bituminous coal, granite, marble and limestone. WALTON COUNTY.--Population: white, 12,601; colored, 8,341; total, 20,942. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3,425,073; 1904, $3,535,623. Price of lands per acre : from $4.00 to $60.00. Forest timbers: oak, poplar, hickory, walnut, sweetgum, maple, ash, cherry and some pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, groundpeas, hay from Bermuda, crab-grass and peavines; Horticultural: apples, peaches, plums, cherries, melons, berries, figs and vegetables of all kinds; Mineral: granite. WARE COUNTY.--Population: white, 8,652; colored, 5,109; total, 13,761. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3,349,133; 1904, $3,665,080. Price of lands per acre: from $4 to $60.00. Forest timbers: a few hardwoods, as oaks, gums, cypress, magnolia, and large quantities of yel-low pine. Products: Agricultural: sea-island cotton, corn, oats, rice, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, groundpeas, crab-grass hay and tobacco; Horticultural: peaches, melons, berries, figs, pears, plums and oranges and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral: marls. WARREN COUNTY.--Population: white, 3,842; colored, 7,621; total, 11,463. aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,345,285; 1904, $1,433,589. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $60.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, poplar, persimmon, dogwood, laurel, bay, chestnut, and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, groundpeas, hay from crab grass, sorghum and peavines; Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, cherries, melons, grapes, berries, and vegetables of the usual kinds; Mineral, --. WASHINGTON COUNTY.--Population: white, 10,805; colored, 17,422; total, 28,227. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3,981,037; 1904, $4,313,440. _ Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $70.00. Forest timbers: white oak, poplar, hickory, chestnut, gum and yellow pine. Products:: Agricultural: cotton, corn, oats, wheat, i .-..j iiiisj m*i ISi.ii wiiiHi jf.", I OCEAN STEAMSHIP COMPANY'S WHARF, SAVANNAH. GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. 99 rye, barley, sorghum and sugar-cane, field-peas, ground-peas, and crab grass hay; Hor- ticultural: peaches, apples, pears, figs, berries, grapes, melons, cherries, and vegetables of all kinds; Mineral: pottery clay, sandstone and buhrstone. WAYNE COUNTY.--Population: white, 7,222; colored, 2,227; total, 9,449. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,706,892; 1904, $1,761,267. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $50.00. Forest timbers: Some hard woods, chiefly cypress, and large quantities of yellow pine. Products: Agricultural: Sea-island cotton, corn, oats, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, crab-grass hay; Horticultural: peaches, melons, berries, figs, pears, grapes and a great variety of vegetables. Mineral: marls. WEBSTER COUNTY.--Population: white, 2,504; colored, 4,114; total, 6,618. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $766,218; 1904, $802,026. Price of land per acre: from $4.00 to $25.00. Forest timbers: pine, poplar, ash, birch, tupelo, sweet and blackgum, hickory, black-jack, red, white and Spanish oaks. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sugar-cane, sorghum, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, chufas, hay from crab and crowfoot grasses; Horticultural: peaches, apples, plums, cherries, melons, grapes, figs, berries, and all kinds of vegetables; Mineral, WHITE COUNTY.--Population: white, 5,312; colored, 600; total, 5,912. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $662,627; 1904, $676,208. Price of land per acre: From $4 to $20.00. Forest timbers: pine, white, red, Spanish and post oaks, chestnut, hickory, cherry and walnut. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, hay from Bermuda, crab and herd's grass, clover and peavines; Horticultural: apples, peaches, plums, pears, cherries, grapes, melons, berries and every kind of vegetable. There are shipped in winter, large white cabbages, barrels of sauerkraut and luscious apples; Mineral : gold and asbestos. WHITFIELD COUNTY.--Population: white, 12,683; colored, 1,826; total, 14,509. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $3,143,523; 1904, $3,253,007. Price of lands per acre: from $4.00 to $70.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, maple, poplar, cherry, walnut, beech, birch, persimmon, and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, barley, rye, sorghum, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, groundpeas, crab grass hay, clover and peavines; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, grapes, melons, berries and all the varieties of vegetables; Mineral: iron, bauxite, manganese, silica, marble, sandstone, limestone and clay. WILCOX COUNTY.--Population: white, 6,893; colored, 4,204; total, 11,097. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,607,704; 1904, $1,778,020. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $20.00. Forest timbers: some hardwoods including considerable cypress; also large quantities of yellow pine. Products: agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sugar-cane, sorghum, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, hay from crab grass and peavines; Horticultural: peaches, apples, pears, plums, cherries, figs, grapes, melons, berries, and all the usual vegetables; Mineral, clay. WILKES COUNTY.--Population: white, 6,423; colored, 14,443; total, 20,866. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,747,270; 1904, $2,824,930. Price of land per acre: from $4.00 to $60.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, poplar, sweet gum, cherry, maple, black-jack and pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, barley, sorghum and sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, groundpeas, crab and Bermuda grass hay, peavines and clover; Horticultural: apples, peach- 100 GEORGIA'S RESOURCES AND ADVANTAGES. es, pears, figs, cherries, grapes, melons, berries, and all varieties of vegetables; Mineral : granite, quartz, some iron, gold and soapstone. WILKINSON COUNTY.--Population: white, 5,409; colored, 6,031; total, 11,440. Aggregate value of whole property: 1903, $1,168,881; 1904, $1,229,330. Price of lands per acre: from $3.50 to $30.00. Forest timbers: oak, hickory, gum, cypress, sycamore, and long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, sorghum, sugar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field peas, ground-peas, hay from crabgrass and peavines; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, grapes, figs, melons, berries and all garden products; Mineral, clay and rotten limestone. ini WORTH COUNTY.--Population: white, 10,252; colored, 8,412; total, 18,664. Ag- gregate value of whole property: 1903, $2,974,486; 1904, $3,247,122. Price of land per acre: from $4.00 to $40.00. Forest timbers: hickory, gum, cypress and long-leaf pine. Products: Agricultural: cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, upland rice, sorghum, su- gar-cane, Irish and sweet potatoes, field-peas, ground-peas, chufas, hay from crab grass and peavines; Horticultural: apples, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, grapes, figs, mel- ons, berries and all the usual vegetables; Mineral: clay, limestone, and sandstone'. NOTE.--The returns of the following counties, giving the aggregate value of whole property for 1904. did not come in time to appear in this publication: Coffee, Franklin, Lowndes, Morgan, Richmond, Union and Upson. j T. DERRY '' INDEX Abbeville PAGE. 61 Academy for the Blind 53 Academy of Richmond County 51 Acworth 31 Adairsville 33 A Field of Broom Corn 60 Agate 53 Agnes Scott Institute 45 Agriculture 19 20 Agricultural Map opposite page Hi Allatoona 15, 35 Alum. See Canton, Cherokee County . 35, 37 Aluminum or Bauxite 21, 23, 29, 35 Albany 59, 65 Alleghany Mountains 17, IS Alphabetical List of Counties, with Popula- tion, products, etc 68-99 Altamaha Basin 17 Americus City 57, 63 Amethysts 23 Amicalola Falls 42 Anchovy Shoals 51 Andersonville 63 Andrew Female College 63 Apalachicola Basin 17 Apples (see reports of counties) . ... 19, 37 Appling County 61, OS Area of Georgia 15 Armuchee Valley 20, 33 Artesian Wells 23, 25. 85 Asbestos 37, 39, 47, 53 Ashburn 63, 65 Asses 20 Assessed Valuation of Property Athens 26 43, 49 Atlanta 15, 18, 43, 45 A Tobbacco Field 67 Augusta 43, 51, 53, 55, 59 B Baptist Orphans Home PAGE. 45 Barite 23 Barley (See the report of products of each county) 19 Barnesville 53 Bartow County 31, 33, 68 Bauxite or Aluminum 21, 23, 29 35 Beef Cattle 57 Bees 21 Bermuda Grass (see list of products of each county) is) 51 Berrien County Berrien, John McPhersou 61, 63, 68, 09 15 Berries (see reports of counties) 19 Bethel Male College Beverly Bibb County Blackshear Black Walnut Blakely Bleached Cotton Goods 63 51 41, 53 69 61 20 65 25 Blood Mountain 17 Bloody Marsh 57 Blue Ridge (town) 37 Blue Ridge Mountains 17 Bonded Debt 25 Brick (enameled brick) 23 Brooks County Go, 69 Broom Corn (a field of) Broomtown Valley 00 is, 33 Brunswick Bryan County Buckwheat Buena Vista Buford Buhr Bulloch, Archibald 17, 57, 59, 61, 65 61, 69 19 63 45 37, 45, 59 15 Bulloch County Burke County 61, 69 5^ 69 Butts County 53, 69 Bainbridge Baker County Baldwin, Abraham Baldwin County Ball Ground Banking Establishments Banks County 59, 65 05, 68 15 41, 49, 53, 68 40 26 25, 37, 39, 68 Cabbages Cairo Calhoun County Calhoun (town) Camden County Camilla 37 65 05. 69 35 38, 70 65 INDEX- PAGE. Columbus (city) 43, 53, 55 Campbell County 47, 70 Commerce (or Harmony Grove) 49 Cane Creek Fall 48 Commercial Orchards . 20 Canton 35 Conveniences 10 Carroll County 41, 47, 70 Conyers 47 Carrollton 50 Copper . 23, 47 Cartersville 33 Cordele 59, 63 Cassava 20, 57 Corn Crop (see products of different coun- Cassville 30 ties) 19, 20, 55 Catoosa County 33, 38, 70 Cornelia 41 Catoosa Springs ' 33 Corundum 21, 23 Cattle 20 Corundum Mine, Rabun County, Ga. . . 37, 42 Cattle Ranges 57 Cotton Crop (see also list of counties) Cave Spring 31 19, 20, 55 Cedartown 33 Cotton Factories 25 Cedar Valley 18, 33 Cotton Field 58 Charitable Institutions 27 Cotton Gins 25 Cliarlton County 01, 70 Cotton Oil Mills 25 Chatham County 00, 02, 70 Covington (town) 49 Chattahoochee County 65, 70 Coweta County 47, 74 Chattooga County 33, 72 Cowpeas (see reports of counties) 19 Cherokee County 35, 37, 72 Cows 20 Cherries (see reports of counties) 19 Cox College 45 Chert 21 Crawford family 15 Chestnuts 37, 41 Crawford County 41, 65, 74 Chickamauga 15, 41 Cumming 42 Chickamauga Valley 29 Cuthbert 59, 63 Chickens 21, 70 Chinaware V Chrome Chufas 23 D 37 19 Dade County 29, 74 Cities of Georgia, List of, with Population Dahlonega 37, 39 in 1900 30 Dairy Cows 20 Clarke County 49, 72 Dallas 35 Clarke, Elijah 15 Dalton 31 Clarkesville 42 Darien Gl Classic City (a name applied to Athens) . 49 Davis, Jefferson 51 Clay Belt 53 Dawson County 37, 39, 71 Clay County 63,- 72 Dawson (town) 59, 63 Clays 23 Decatur County 65, 74, 75 Clayton County 47, 72 Decatur (town) 45 Climate Belts 1G, 19 DeKalb County 41, 45, 75 Clinch County Gl, 72 Derry, J. T 3, 5 Clover (-see the different counties) . . . . 19 Diamonds 23 Coal 21, 23, 29-34 Digging Potatoes > Cobb Counnty 31, 33, 72 Dodge County 83 61, 75 Cobb Family 15 Dome Mountain 17 Cochran 61 Dooly County 63, 75 Coffee County Gl. 74 Dooly, John ' 15 Cohutta Range 17 Dougherty County 65. 75 Cohutta Springs 35 Douglas County 41, 47, 75 College Park 45 Drainage System 17 Colquitt County 65, 74 Dublin 57, 61 Columbia County 51, 53, 74 Ducks 21 INDEX- E PAGE. Early County 65, 75 Earthenware 21 Eastman 01 East Point 45 Eatonton 40 Eehols County 75 Edgewood 45 Education 20, 27 Effingham County 7(J Elbert County 41, 51, 76 Elbert, Samuel 15 Elberton 51 Electric Car Lines 27 Emanuel County 61, 76 Emerson 30 Emory College 40 Empire State of the South--origin of this title see Manufactures 15, 25 Enameled Brick 21 English Walnut 20 Enota Mountain 17 Experiment Station 53 Extent of Georgia 17, 18 P Fall Line (see Water Powers) 25 Fannin County 35, 37, 70 Fayette County 47, 70 Fertilizer Factories *? 25 Few, William 15 Field of Corn 01 Fitzgerald 03 Flour Mills 25 Floyd County 31, 70 Floyd, John 15 Forest Timbers (see also list of counties) . 21 Forestry Map 88 Forsyth (city) 50 Forsyth County 37, 30, 70. 78 Fort Games 03 Fort Valley 01 Foundries 25 Franklin County 37, 39, 78 Frederica 57 Fruits of Georgia 32 Fulton County 41, 43, 45, 78 Furman's Shoals 40 Furnaces 25 Furniture Factories 25 G Gainesville PAGE. 42 Gathering Beans 70 Geese 21 Geological Map of Georgia . Opposite page 90 Geology of Georgia 21, 23 Georgia as a Whole 15-28 Georgia -- Colonial Period, Revolutionary War, The War of 1812, Mexican War, Civil War, Spanish-American War, 15; Growth of, 10; Per Capita Wealth, 10; Railroad Transportation, 10; Water Trans- portation, 10, 17; Drainage SysLem, 17; Extent and Topography, 17-18; Climate Belts, 18, 19. Georgia Medical College 51 Georgia Military and Agricultural College . 40 Georgia Normal School for Bath Sexes . . .49 Gllmer County 35, 37, 78 Glascock County 53, 78 Glynn County 01, 78 Gneiss 37, 45, 47, 51 Gold (see also North Georgia 32-44) . 21, 23, 29 Good Country Roads 20 Gordon County 35, 78 Gordon Institute 53 Gordon. John B 15 Grady, Henry 15 Granite (see Middle Georgia, 41-60; North Georgia, 29-41) 21, 37, 45, 47, 51 Grantville 50 Grapes (see reports of counties) 19 Graphite 21, 23, 29 Grasses (see alphabetical list of counties) 08-99 Grassy Mountain 17 Greene County 51, 78, 80 Greensboro 51 Griffin 53 Grist Mills 25 Groundpeas (or peanuts) (see also list of counties) 20 Growth in Population 15, 16 Gwinnett, Button 15 Gwinnett County . . 41, 45, 80 H Habersham County Hall County Hall, Lyman Hancock County Hapeville Haralson County 37-39, 80 37, 39, 8(1 15 53, 80 45 41, 47, 80 ft INDEX PAGE. Harmony Grove ... 49 Harris County 58, 80, 82 Hart County 37, 39, 82 Hartwell 39 Harvesting Rye 30 Harvesting Wheat 24 Hawkinsville 59, 01 Hay (see reports of counties) 19 Heard County 47, 82 Henry County 47, 82 Herd of Jerseys 24 Hiawassee 37 Hiawassee Baptist College 37 Highest Elevations 17 High Falls' o! the Towaliga, Monroe Coun- ty. Ga 57 H,gh Shoals 4!l Hill, Benjamin H 15 Hogs 19 Horses 20 Houston County 01, 82 Hydraulic Cement 29 Hydraulic Mining at the Singleton Mine in Lumpkin County 30 I Icing Fruit Cars 00 Indian Spring 53 Irish Potatoes (see also list of counties) . . 19 Iron (see also list of counties) ; . 21, 23, 29-34, 37, 39, 45. 47 Iron Ore Mine near Cartersville. Ga 40 Irwin County 03, 82 PAGE. Kennesaw Marble Dressing Works, near Ma- rietta, Cobb County, Ga 44 Kennesaw Mountain 15, 18 L LaGrange , 47 Lanier, Sidney 15 Last Confederate Cabinet Meeting 51 Laurens County 59, 61, 84 Lavonia 39 Lawrenceville 45 Lay's Ferry 35 Lead 39 Lee County 84 Lemons 19 Lewiston White Clay Bed, Jones County . 02 Liberty County 01, 84 Limestone 21, 23, 29 Lincoln County 51, 53, 84, 80 Lindale 31 Lithonia 45 Little Tennessee Valley 19 Longstreet, James 15 Lookout Mountain 17, 18 Lookout Valley 29 Lost Mountain 18 Louisville 59 Lowndes County .05. 80 'Lowell of the South" . 51 Lucy Cobb Institute 49 Lumber Industry 25 Lumpkin County 37, 39, 80 Lumpkin (town) 03 Lyerly 33 J M Jackson. Andrew 15 McDuffie County 51, 53, 80 Jackson County 41, 49, 82 Mclntosh County 61, 80 Jackson, James 15 Mclntosh, James 15 Jackson (town) 49, 53 Mclntosh, Lachlan 15 Jasper County 49, 82. 84 McLemore's Cove 29 Jefferson County '. . 49, 59, 84 McRae 61 Jesup Johnson County 01 59, 84 ^facon City Macon County . 43, 53 61, 03, 80 Johnson Grass Jonesboro Jones County 19 15 41, 84 Madison (city) Madison County Magnesia (see Powder Spring) 49 41, 49, 80 34 Magnetite 37 K Mail Facilities 20 Manganese 21, 29, 37 Kaolin 53 Manufactures 25 INDEX- PAGE. Marble 21, 25, 29, 31, 35, 37 Marble Quarry in Pickens County, Ga. . . 40 Market Garden 57 Marietta 31 Marion County . 21, 60, 88 Marls 23 Marshallville G3 Menlo 33 Mercer University 53 Meriwether County 47, 88 Mica 23, 37, 47 Middle Georgia 41-57 Milledgeville 49 Miller County G5, 88 Corundum 37 Milton County 41, 45, 47. 88 Mineral Map Opposite page 72 Mineral Springs 23, 47 Minerals (see also mineral products of each county in alphabetical list of counties) 08-99, 21, 23 Mining in Georgia 21. 23 Mining Iron Ore by use of Steam Shovel, near Cedartown, Polk County, Ga. ... 38 Miscellaneous Vegetables . 19 Mitchell County 65, 88 Mona Peak 17 Monoliths of Georgia Marble 29 Monroe County 53, 88 Monroe Female College 53 Monroe (town) 49 Montgomery County 01, 88 Montezuma 03 Monticello 49 Moonstones 23 Morgan County 49, 88, 90 Morganton 37 Moultrie 59, G5 Mount de Sales Academy 53 Mules 20 Murray County 35, 90 Muscogee County 41, 53, 55. 90 N Nacoochee Valley 19, 42 Nantahela Mountain 17 Natural Dam on Big Potato Creek, Upson County, Ga 52 New Hope Church 15, 35 Newnan 47 Newton County 49, 90 Normal and Industrial School for Young Ladies 49 North Augusta North Georgia North Georgia Baptist College PAGE. 53 29-41 37 O Oakland City 45 Oat Field 32 Oats (see different counties) . 19 Ochlockonee Basin 17 Ochre 29, 37 Oconee County 49, 90 Ocean Steamship Company's Wharf, Savannah 98 Oconee Springs 52 Ogeechee Basin 17 Oglethorpe County 51, DO Oglethorpe (town) 03 Okefinokee Swamp 17, 21 Onion Field 89 Oostenaula Valley 35 Oranges v.) Orchard Grass 19 Orphan Home of North Georgia Conference 45 Oxford 49 Paulding County 35, 90, 92 Peach Crop (see reports of counties) 19, 20, 57 Peachtrees 19, 20, 32, 57, 01 Peachtree Creek 15 Peanuts (see reports of counties) 20 Pears (see reports of counties) 19> Peavines (see reports of counties) 55> Peavine Valley 2& Pecans 20, 31, 53, 65 Penfleld 51 Pepperton 53 Perry 61 Phosphates 23 Pickens County 35, 37, 92 Pickett's Mill 35 Picking Pears 81 Picking Tomatoes 77 Pierce County 61, 92 Pierce, George F 15 Pike County 53, 92 Pine Hill Belt 21 Pine Mountain 18 Pine Mountains 55 Pine--Long-leaf (see reports of counties) . 21 Pitch 25 Placer Mining on Coosa Creek, near Blairs- ville, Union County, Ga 34 LIBRARY I. I\ V 1 INDEX- PAGE. Plumbago 37, 53 Political Divisions 28 Polk County 33, 92 Pomegranates 57 Population of Georgia 28 Population of Towns in Georgia 28 Porcelain 23 Potatoes (see also list of counties and their products) 19 Pottery Clay . . 59 Poultry 20, 21 Powder Spring 31 Price of Lands in Georgia (see also list of counties) 07 Pulas'ki County 64, 92 Putnam County 49, 92 Pyrite 23, 47 Q Quartz Quartzites Quitman County Quitman (town) 45, 51 21 63, 94 59, 05 R Rabun, Bald Mountain . . 17 Rabun County . 37, 39, U4 Rainfall 18 Rain Map Opposite page 80 Railroads 16, 2G, 27 Randolph County 63, 94 Red Top 19 Reir.hardt Normal College 37 R. E. Lee Institute 55 Religion 27 Resaca 15, So Resin or Rosin 25 Rice '. 18, 57 Richland 63 Richmond County 51, 94 Ringgold 15, 33, 35 Roads 27 Rockdale County 47, 94 Rockmart 36 Rocky Face Ridge . . ....." 17 Rome 17, 31 Roswell 31 Royston 39 Rubies 23 Rye (see list of counties) 19 S PAGE. Saint Simon's Island 57 Saint Simon's Sound . . . . ; 57 Sand and Pine Hills Belt .21 Sandersville : .......... 59 Sandstones 21, 29 Sapphires 23 Satilla and St. Mary's Basin . 17 Savannah 15, 57, 59, 65 Savannah Basin 17 Schists 21 Schley County 94 Screven County . . . . . 61, 94, 95 Sea Island Cotton 10 Serpentine 37 Seville 01 Sewer Pipes 23 Shales 21 Sheep 20, 29 Sheep Ranges 57 Shell Bluff 59 Shippicg Melons 93 Shorter College 3"! Silk 27 Siloam 51 Silver 39 Sitting Bull 11 Slate 21, 39 Slate Quarry 33 Social Circle 49 South Georgia 57 South Georgia College 05 Spalding County 53, 95 Spanish American War 15 Sparta 53 Spring Place 35 Slate Capitol, Atlanta, Ga 2 State Government 9, 28 State House Officers 9 State Sanitarium 49 Stephens, Alexander 15 Stevens, O. B 3, 13 Stevens' Pottery 49 Stewart County 03, 95 Stock Raising 20, 21 Stone Mountain 45 Sugar Cane 19, 55, 57 Sugar Cane Field . 04 Sulphur Water 34 Summerville, Chattooga County 33 Summerville, Richmond County 51, 53 Superior Court--Circuits, Judges and Solic- itors 9 INDEX- PAGE. Sumter County 68, 95 Supreme Court--Justices 9, 28 Suwannee Basin . 17 Sweet. Potatoes (see reports of counties) . 19 Swine 20, 29 U Union County ' University of Georgia Upson County V PAGE. 37, 39, 97 49 41, 51, 55, 97 T Talbot County 41, 55, 95 Talbotton . . . 55 Talc 21, 37 Taliaferro County . 53, 95 Tallapoosa (town) 47 Tallulah Falls 37, 39 Tallulah Mountain 17 Tate 37 Tattnall County Cl, 95 Tax Rate 25 Taylor County 65, 95 Taylor's Ridge 18, 33 Telfair County 61, 96 Temperature of Georgia 16-19 Tennessee Basin 17 Tennille 59 Terra Cotta 23 Terrell County 63, 96 Terrell, Joseph M 9 Texas Valley 18 Thomas County . . . 65, 96 Thomaston 51, 55 Thomasville 59, 65 Thomson 51 Tifton 63 Timothy Grass 19 Title Page 3 Tobacco 57 Tobacco Field 07 Toccoa i'i Toombs, Robert 15, 51 Topography of Georgia 17, 18 Towns of Georgia, with Population . ... 28 Towns County 37, 39, 96 Transportation Facilities 11 Tray Mountain 17 Trion 33 Troup County 50, 96 Truck Farms 57 Turkeys 21 Turpentine 25 Twiggs County 53, 59, 96 Twiggs, John . . . 15 Valdosta 59, 65 Vann's Valley IS Vegetables- (see reports of counties) . . . .19 Vienna 03 View on Augusta Canal--Large Cotton Mill and Confederate Obelisk 55 Villa Rica 50 Vina Vista 47 Vineville 53 Vineyards 47, 55 W Wagon Roads 28 Waleska 37 Walker County 29, 97 Walker, W. H. T 15 Walnuts, Black 19 Walnuts, English 19 Walton County 49. 97 Walton, George 15 Ware County 61, 97 Warren County . . . .' 53, 97 Warrenton 53 Washington County 59, 97, 98 Washington (town) 51 Watermelons 20 Water Powers 25, 51, 55 Water Transportation 16, 17 Waycross 57, 59, 61 Wayne County 01, 98 Waynesboro 59 Wealth per Capita 10 Webster County 68, 98 Wesleyan Female College 53 West Point 47 Wheat (see the different counties) . . . . 55 Wheeler. Joseph 15 White County 37, 39, 98 White Oak Mountains 18 White Plains 51 Whitfleld County 31, 98 Wilcox County 61, 98 Wilkes County 51, 98, 99 Wilkinson County 59, 99 Wineries 47 INDEX. PAGE. PAGE. i Witch's Head at Tallulah Falls, Rabun County, Ga 50 Woolen Mills 25 Worth County 63, 65, 99 Wright, Robert F 3, 7 High Falls of the Towaliga, Monroe Coun- ty, Ga 57 Houses and Runs for Berkshire Hogs ... .73 Hydraulic Mining at the Singleton Mine in Lumpkin County 30 Wrightsville 59 Icing Fruit Cars 60 Yellow Loam Region Yona Mountain 21 Iron Ore Mine near Cartersville, Ga. . . . 46 17 Kennesaw Marble Dressing Works, near Ma- Young Female College 65 rietta, Cobb County, Ga 47 Young Harris Young Harris College t 37 Lewiston White Clay Bed, Jones County, Ga. 62 37 Marble Quarry in Pickens County, Ga. ... 40 Mineral Map opposite page 72 Mining Iron Ore by Use of Steam Shovel, ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. near Cedartown, Polk County, Ga. . . . 38 Natural Dam on Big Potato Creek, Upson A Field of Broom Corn 60 Agricultural Map opposite page 16 Artesian well at Albany, Ga 85 A Tobacco Field 67 Cane Creek Falls, near Dahlonega, Lump- kin County, Ga 48 Chicken Houses and Runs 71 Corundum Mine, Rabun County 42 Cotton Field 58 Derry, J. T 3, 5 Digging Potatoes . 83 Field of Corn 91 Forestry Map . opposite page 88 Gathering Beans 79 Geological Map opposite page 96 Harvesting Rye 30 Harvesting Wheat 22 County, Ga 52 Oat Field 35 Onion Field 89 Picking Pears 81 Picking Tomatoes 77 Placer Mining on Coosa Creek, near Blairs- ville, Union County, Ga .34 Scene in Peach Orchard . 87 Shipping Melons 93 Rain Map opposite page 89 State Capitol 3 Stevens, O. B. 3, 11 Sugar Cane Field 64 Terrell, Jos. M 9 View on Augusta Canal--Large Cotton Mill and Confederate Obelisk 55 Witch's Head at Tallulah Falls, Rabun County, Ga 50 Herd of Jerseys 24 Wright, R. F 3, 7 i \r 1 H \ nnm 3 I"IDA 031=11= SHTI DATE DUE elm\tA \ '^9^^'^^tmMA m? Returned JUL 3 0 2 IflS DEMCO 38-297