..._, . lr ' \ IN CRIMINAL CASES BEFORE THE GEORGIA COURTS ' .. .- 0 SURVEY OF CRIMINAL COURT PROCEDURE IN GEORGI A S PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION ct GEORGIA __ OFFICIAL PROJECT NO. 6S-34-4543 I \/ W 0 R K S P_ R 0 G- R E S S A D M I N I S TR A T I 0 N 0 F GE 0 R G I A MISS GAY B. SHEPPERSON, MILTON W. BLANTON, Coordinator of Administrator. Research and Statistical Projects. THE TIME ELEMENT IN CRIMINAL CASES BEFORE THE GEORGIA COURTS Official Project Number 65-34-4543 SURVEY OF CRIMINAL COURT PROCEDURE IN GEORGIA William T. Thurman Edward A. Terry, Su.pervi sor _ Sponsored qy the Georgia State Department of Public Welfare T~E TIME ELEMENT IN (QtMIN AL CASES BEFORE T~E GEORGIA COUIHS FOllEWOQO This report on the time element in criminal cases before the Georgia courts is a by-product ot the Survey ot Criminal court Proced- ure in Georgia, Official Project 65-34-4543. The basic report of the above project was issued during the spring of 19~7. Atter data for the basic report were assembled, 1t was discovered that there existed marked variations in the diapos1t1on ot cases by the several courts Upon appl1cat1on of a few tests, 1t was ascertained that the size of the population center w1th1n each county was an important factor in the court activity of the locality. The counties in which the Survey of Criminal Court Procedure operated were divided, according to the size of the largest towns, into rural, ru-urban, and urban groups, and the data regarding the city and superior courts reassembled on that basis. The results of the tabulation were included in the first supplemental report, entitled "Rural, Ruurban, and Urban Georgia in Relation to Criminal Court Procedure," published in September, 1937 At the time the field work on the survey was in progress, workers were often questioned as to the length or time taken by the courts to dispose ot cases. The answer to the question is round in this second supplemental report. As in the case of the first supplemental report, it was discovered, during the process of tabulation of some 234,324 cases from the trial courts in fifty-seven counties, that the time element varied widely in the several areas of the State; hence, the findings are broken down to show the differences in rural, ru-urban, and urban courts. This study was completed under the general direction or Milton w. Blanton, State Coordinator of Research and Statistical Projects. Analysis or the data tor preparation or the report was made by William T. Thurman, legal advisor on the survey, under the direction and supervision or Edward A. Terry, Project Supervisor. Special acknowledgment is made or the assistance or those members or the legal profession who carefully read and studied the report and reported its findings to be in keeping with their common experience. -of- SURVEY CRIMINAL COUrlT PROCEDURE CLASSIFICATION Of COUNTIES STUDIED LEG-ENO RURAL ITO] RU-UU&AN ~ URBAN lllil a ~- T14fii:ME - ElEME NT IN C~IMI NAL _CASES f>EFOQE THE Gi=:o~GIA CouRTS Once a widely read author wove into one of his stories the history of a case which had been in the courts of England for generations and still had not come to an end. While this incident is, of course, purely fiction, it does illustrate the popular belie.f that the functionings of the law in consummating cases before the courts are interminable. This belief has been followed by assertions that delay in judicial procedure has often resulted in miscarriages of justice. In recent times, there has grown up in this coun'k"y a widespread idea that the longer a building its case a time consuming process. Another feature affecting delay is the fact that courts, while in more or less continuous session, are not always sitting for trial. The judge is usually ready to hear .motions and pleas at almost any time, but he does not have assembled the other members of the court and cannot try cases until the others are present. Provision is made in the law for a special term when- ( I) ever the Judge deems it necessary, but it is rarely expedient to call the court into session for the trial of a single case. The number of t~ial can be postponed in a criminal case the greater becomes the opportunity for a guilty defendant to obtain an acquittal. In order to ascertain whether there is a basis for such belief in Georgia, 234,324 cases from the trial courts in 57 counties were reviewed in the hope that these cases might throw some light on the time elements in criminal prosecutions. terms of the Superior and City Courts is set by (2) law and, theoretically, is sufficient in nur:iber and length of session to handle the business before the courts. The number of terms, the frequency and length of sitting, are determined by amount of business; therefore, when the time element is being discussed, the number of terms of court each year is important in determining VIEWPOINTS OF JUDICIAL PROCEDURE IN RELATION TO the months elapsing before disposition is ac- THE TIME ELEMENT AS AN ABSTRACT PRINCIPLE OF SO- complished in the cases coming before it. CIAL POLICY: It is generally agreed that the interests of the people are best served by dispositions of criminal charges being made as rapidly as is .consistent with the other interests of the people. These interests are many, and sometimes conflict in regard to accelerating Judicial process. First in the list is the desire that Justice be done, and in this connection is the fact that the defendant must have adequate time to prepare his case. This is an item which can be determined only by facts in each individual case and, while it sometimes allows for an Consider for the moment, the Superior Court, the trial court of original Jurisdiction in this State. Its sessions vary widely. In those less populous sections of Georgia, the Superior Court has only two terms a year, while in the larger cities it is constantly in session. Manifestly, in those counties where cases are relatively few and all the criminal business for an entire year can be tried within a week or two, the cost of convening court and trying a defendant every time a suspect is arrested would be prohibitive. immediate trial, it as often calls for delays. Deliberateness in the assembly of evidence and witnesses is not all chargeable to the defendant, since the prosecution a.lso often finds The State is divided into Judicial circuits and one Judge presides usually over the court in Sec. 24-3009 Ga. Code 1933. Sec. 24-2G09 ibid. -1- many counties. If it were neceeeary to convene court at more frequent intervals, it would increase the number of judgeil-'and court attendants required, which would in turn cauee a tremendous increase in the cost of court service to the taxpayers. It will be readily seen, therefore, that there are certain practical matters from the viewpoint of public policy that are. at the outset, opposed to immediate trial of criminal cases in certain areas and that, eo far as judicial machinery is concerned, there is no more fault to be attached to a court in a epareely settled area, that waits five monthe to try a case, than to an urban court where trial le had within a few days after the case is docketed. The situation is alleviated somewhat with respect to casee in which the defendant desires to make a plea of guilty. For most offenses and subject to certain conditions, the judge may convene court at any time and act upon the plea without a grand jury to bring an indictment or a (3) pet it jury to aid in handling the case. Even this is subject to the practical difficulties of time and distance which must be considered when a judge presides over a number of counties. No picture of the time elapsing between docketing and consummation of criminal casee le complete unless full consideration ls given these factors which are beyond the control of the court and have to be weighed for each case. NOL PROS CASES: While there are several ways in which diepoeition can be made of a case in the Georgia Courts, the 'two moat ueual methods are trial and nol proe. This latter is_ lees affected by the terms of court, because this disposition can be accomplished at any time regardless of whether the court le then sitting. The (4) nolle prosequi, or nol pros, as it ls commonly called, has been defined as a formal entry upon the record by the prosecuting officer by which he declares that he will not prosecute the case further. Its use datee back to earliest tlmes ln common law, ~~der which the prosecutor had sole authority to make such dlsposltlon of a charge. In Georgia, today, nol pros can be ac- (51 compllshed only with the consent of the court: A case can be dropped by this method at any time after an accusation or indictment has been made. After the case ls submitted to the jury, however, a nol pros may not be entered except by the consent of the defendant. This consent ls necessary on the theory that once a trial h~e been begun, the defendant ls ln jeopardy and, since a nol pros ls not a bar to further prosecutlon for the offense, another action might be (6) brought and the defendant placed in double jeopardy. Similar to a non ault in a clvll matter, a nol pros is not a final determination of a case, but merely a discontinuance of the action at that particular time. A new indictment may be found for the eame offense and the accused tried on a new proceeding. steps of this kind must be taken, however, before the Statute of Llmltatlons has run, except that a new indictment may be found within six months after the nol pros (7) was effected. The reasons for the creation of the nol pros are many. Under the grand jury system in use ln this State, the evidence concerning a crime or persons connected with lt, which is produced before that body, is often sketchy and indictments are found on grounds which may appear plausible, but have no foundation in fact. The solicitor, having more time and often more facilities for investigation, may discover that the charge against the individual named le groundless. In such a case, obviously, the nol pros ls the proper action to take. Often, lt may be impossible to procure the evidence necessary to conviction; witnesses may be unavailable, or other circumstances may exist which make lt inadvisa- } ... (3) see.--WT-704 ibid. (4) 14 c. J. 432. (5) 27-1801 Ga, Code 1933. (6) 27-601 ibid. (7) Ibid. -2- ble to try those cases. In such instances, it likely that tew cases would remain pending tor ls lett to the discretion ot the solicitor, with the consent ot the.court, to ---- remove - such cases trom the docket. Frequently it occurs in the commercial world that accounts, which have been carried on the books tor a long time, are ac- counted worthless and are charged ott. Simi- larly, an ett1c1ent solicitor will wish to keep his docket an active one and may use a nol pros to charge ott old cases which will never become triable. ot the 234,324 cases studied by the Survey indefinite periods -and tha~ at each term ot TIME CONSUMED BETWEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOSITION OF Ct>.SES QESULTING IN NOL Pl20S BY PEA CENTS JJ.NUJ.RV I, 1926, TMQOUGM DECEM&EA '31, 1q3~ URBAN, 12UURBAN. J.ND DURAL Cou11nes G0RGIA PEQ CENT ---"F::;:::.:::;: 100 ,-~::;::,'~.:;:~::::;.::.:;::::;::::;;:"'; - :';::::;:::::;::'.,=I: - - r . - . - ,-.-.-.,. NO! AIClQTAINlBlE (\Y '::.;:,;.:;: 7411.os.e.ovEo ;.:.:-:.~:::~ 80 ~-r~~""."'1----ll->+..,.._,....._}--111118 MOS.TO 74 MOS. 11 !IDS, TO 18 MOS. ot Criminal Court Procedure in.Georgia, 30,965 cases, or 13.2 percent ot the total, were granted nol pros. The cases so treated represented " /IDS. 10 9 llOS. 10.7 percent ot the cases disposed ot in the ur- ban counties: 2o.6 percent ot those disposed ot in the ru-urban counties, and 25.9 percent ot the cases disposed ot in the rural counties. ** From a consideration ot these areas, it is probable that the lack ot facilities on the part ot LESS 1\.l~N "30DAV5 the rural courts allows the dockets to be tilled 0 with a greater portion ot untriable cases than QUUQ~N QUQ~L in other regions. Cl-IAQT NO. \ Quite naturally, in a consideration ot the court prosecuting off ioere would make an effort time element, the question arises as to how long to dispense with all untriable cases. The time a case should remain on the docket before a nol consumed between docketing and nol pros in the pros is entered. Since any indictment is an at- 30, 965 cases tor which nol pros was the dis- tack upon the reputation ot a private citizen, position, shows a varied pattern tor each area that person le entitled to the privilege ot hav- studied and tor the several crime groups and in- ing his name cleared as soon as possible; there- dividual crimes within each area. There are fore, trom the standpoint ot public policy, when also marked differences in patterns of treatment it le definitely determined that a case is un- as tar as the time element le concerned between triable, or the necessary evidence unobtainable, the same crimes and crime groups tor the three the attack should be abated and a nol pros en- areas. These difference's are detailed in Table tered. It such a policy were carried out, it is 1 or the appendix. Chart 1 shows clearly the ** AUTHOR'S NOTE: For the Survey ot Criminal Court Procedure in Georgia, the following detinition was adopted tor rural, ru-urban and urban counties: A rural county is one in which the largest incorporated population center contains not more than 2,500 people, according to the 1930 census, while an urban county is one in which there is located a city ot more than 25,000 people. A ru-urban county is one in which there is a municipality greater in population than 2,500, but less than 25,000. differences in the three areas. Approximately 2S percent or the 30,965 cases were granted nol pros within 30 days or the date ot docketing. The percents tor the ru-urban area are greater than this figure, while only about 21 percent or the cases in the urban area received such an expeditious disposition. Con- -3- verselJ, the percents granted nol pros in the periods }O .to .. 60 .days, 60 to 90 days, and 90 days to six months, a:re greater-~.!n the urban area non-support, malicious mischief, violations of regulatory measures and miscellaneous crimes). When the total cases are considered, 11.42 per- TABLE I DISPOSAL PATTERN OF SELECTED ASSAULT CRIMES AS SHOWN BY NOL PROS ENTRIES WITHIN LESS THAN 30 DAYS WITHIN LESS THAN SIX MONTHS AND 24 MONTHS AND OVER IN PERCENTS Less Than 30 Days Rural Ru-urban Urban Less Than 6 Months Rural Ru-urban Urban 24 Months and Over Rural Ru-urban Urban Assault and Battery Pointing Pistol at Another Shooting at Another Stabbing Wife Beating 31.9 25.4 27.2 16.6 40.0 27.4 20.6 35.g 30.4 33.5 26.5 U\.g 6.9 14.g 24.7 52.9 57.0 84.2 51.9 53.4 56.3 ~gj 51!..2 65.6 60.3 85.1 56.0 69.5 87.4 7.8 11.4 0.9 14.5 13.7 12.5 lg.g 1. 7 13.3 7.2 2.2 12.0 5.3 1.1 Source: Dockets of 57 Superior and 29 City Courts of Georgia. than in either the rural or ru-urban. On the other hand, for each of the periods' after six months, the percents in the rural areas are l~rger than in the urban or ru-urban. If a period of less than six months ls used as a base, it ls found that the percents of cases nol prossed within that period are 49.66 for the ru- ral; 62.42 for the ru-urban, and 73.19 for the urban. If the several crime groups are shown against this base, the urban area shows larger percentages than either of the other two for all groups, except criminal homicides, arson, forgery, malicious mischief and miscellaneous crimes, while the ru-urban area, with the exceptlon of crimes against public justice, shows larger percentages than the rural area. The rural area, however, shows greater percentages of nol pros entered for criminal homicides and arson than does the urban. For the period 24 months and over, except for criminal homicides, larceny after trust and miscellaneous crimes, smaller percentages are shown in the urban area for all crime groups than in either of the other areas. In the ruurb~n area, the percentages are smaller than in the rural area for ten crime groups, and larger in ten. (Criminal homicides, larceny after trust, robbery, larceny, misuse of another's property, cheating and swindling, vice crimes, cent of those in the ru-urban area were granted nol pros in this period as against 11.77 percent in the rural area. It seems likely that the inherent attributes of the several crimes have some effect in determining the rapidity with which the cases are reviewed, the evidence summarized and weighed, and the determination made for a nol pros disposition. This, perhaps, accounts for the fact that a greater proportion of arson cases is held for a long period before disposition is made. Evidence for this crime is difficult to gather, and even more difficult to present. This same factor, perhaps, has importance as regards miscellaneous crimes, particularly that group with which the public is relatively unfamiliar. Whether the number of sittings of the court, the attitude of the people, the equipment of the solicitor, or some unknown factor ls responsible for the apparently unaccountable pattern shown for criminal homicides, could not be ascertained. It may_ be that in the more rural sections, greater stress is laid on this crime and the prosecuting off lcers more quickly determined the value of the evidence presenting itself. Such may, also, be the case with charges of larceny after trust where the pattern ls somewhat similar to that of criminal homicides. The inherent qualities show themselves more -4- clearly when 1nd1v1dual crimes, rather than forgotten. Since the effect is s1m1lar, 1t ls crime groups, are-viewed. In the rural area the quite probable that solicitors-general sometimes percents o:f the caaes of ass-aaj.t -a_nd battery, nol pros a case where they :feel that conv1ct1on po1nt1ng pistol at another, stabbing, and wl:fe would be doubtful. beating, which were given nol pros w1th1n the CONVICTIONS AND AC~UITTALS: Differing from a less than 30 day period were 31.9, 25.4, 16.6 nol pros, a trial does represent the legal de- and 40.0, respectively. At the end of the s1x term1nat1on o:r a case, and nearly 6g percent of months period, t~e percents having been so dis- the 234,324 cases docketed were brought to tri- posed were 52.9, 51.9, 66.6 and 56.0. Essen- al. In the rural and ru-urban areas, the per- tially, all these crimes are assault and ~ttery centages were not this great, while 1n urban with emphasis on the method o:r making the as- areas the percentage was greater. These cases sault, but the disposal pattern as among these are the ones 1n which consummation was effected crimes ls quite different 1n this one area and 1n line with the theory upon which courts are the pattern ls not :followed 1n the other two. established, and the court records show that When percents for other similar crimes are d1spos1tion was accomplished :for 42.9 percent of placed 1n such juxtaposition, like variations these 15g,634 cases w1th1n 30 days :from- the date are clearly manifest. they were brought, and that an add1t1onal 27.2 It appears :from the figures shown that the percent were tried between 30 and g9 days after frequency of court sittings has some effect on docketing. The remainder were tried at various the pattern and, if the :figures were thrown times, a few cases being handled as long as five against a background of court terms instead of years after the or1g1nal indictment was brought. calendar months, the difference between the three areas might tend to disappear. This ls The length of time elapsing between the date of the 1nd1ctment and the date of trial ls af- not feasible, however, since except for a few of fected by a number of :factors, among which the the urban circuits, the number of court terms business before the court, the fac111ties of the varies from year to year. This ls particularly prosecutor, the availability and the presenta- true 1n those counties where the number of terms b111ty of the evidence, the.attitude o:r the peo- provided by law is not sufficient to handle the ple and the :frequency of the court s1tt1ng are business before the court, and 1t becomes necessary for the judge to sandwich in adjourned terms. important. It ls likely that each of these influences the time element 1n each case 1n a di:ff erent way, but 1t ls logical to expect that, Cases are brought 1n order that issues may be decided, but a nol pros does not represent a legal conclusion to the issue, since a new case can be brought on the same charge. From the standpoint of practical experience, however, a nol pros does represent a dec1s1on on the issue, since 1t ls the rare case 1n which a second 1nd1ctment ls drawn. Whenever a nol pros ls entered and no new 1nd1ctment brought, the action of the prosecutor has virtually the same effect on the defendant as an acquittal, 1n that he ls released and the accusation against h1m formally w1th1n s1m1lar areas, s1m1lar effects would be noted.. In the urban areas, 96 percent of the cases tried are before the court 1n less than 6 months after the 1nd1ctment ls drawn, and 99 percent before 12 months have elapsed. S1m1larly, 90.6 percent are tried within 6 months 1n the ru-urban areas, and 96.g percent w1th1n 12 months. For the rural areas smaller percentages are tried 1n these periods. ln a twelfth month, often 6 terms of urban Superior Courts will be held and 12 terms 1n the City Courts, while the Superior -5- Court will sit only twice in the rural areas during that same period. Misdemeanor oourts are qu1t ' general in"'rU-urban --eaunties but rarely TIME CONSUMED BETWEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOSITION OF C-'S(S RESULTING IN CONVICTIONS . P,y PER CENTS Jll.WUARY I, 1'11'" TllROUGll OE.CEMBlll 31, ICJ3!; UR&AN. DUURBAN, ANO II.URAL COUNTIES m P0ED0CIJT '1 GEORGIA f.wv%, H:rrrI~~~r:~ NOi ASCUITAlllABU V 'I MOS.TO 17 Mos. 80 60~ 40 ' 'JO DAV$ TO MOS. O~'/STO'IODlllS ~~OINSTO'-OlltS 'ZO LSS 1&.WI '30 DA.VS 0 UR&-.N 12UUl2SAN Cl-IART NO. 'l RUR.-.L function in the rural counties. Perhaps this taot has some bearing on the time element, since it is often possible tor a city or county court to tunotion with greater rapidity than the Superior Court with its larger personnel and more lengthy procedure. Furthermore, some courts of inferior Jurisdiction often hold what they term "Monday Morning Sessions". At these times, all those charged with misdemeanors may appear before the Judge and plead guilty. It is customary for the court to have only a minimum personnel in attendance and to dispose of oases more rapidly than when a full court is present and there are pleas of "Not Guilty to lengthen the evidence in an effort to obtain an acquittal. Furthermore, when court convenes at any session tor the handling of criminal business, the prosecuting officers in the several areas im- mediately present to the oourt those cases in whioh the detendan~. expresses a willingness to plead guilty and those cases in which the evidence is already available and in form to be heard by the court. Since pleas of guilty are entered in 45.4 percent of the total cases dock- eted and in 64 percent of the oases tried, it is no small wonder that a large portion ot the cases in each area is brought before the court tor disposition within less than 30 days after the indictment is drawn. Some types of crimes lend themselves more readily to this type\ of rapid treatment by the court than do others and suoh crimes form a large pro~rtion of the cases brought be:tore the Superior and C_ity Courts of the State. These easily triable .... cases usually consume the greater portion o:t the court's time and other oases seem to be postponed Until such time as the solicitor has opportunity to delve mor~ deeply into the evidence and to prepare them tor court action. From the record or cases studied, it appears that the solicitor attempts to bring such postponed cases before the court at its next sitting. For the urban counties, since the court is in more or less, constant session, large vol- umes of these oases are presented within 30 days to 90 days after the original indictment has been drawn. In the ru-urban counties, where sittings of court are frequent, but not ~ontinu ous, large proportions of these cases are tried in a period from three to six months after the indictment is brought. On the other hand, in the rural areas, with sittings of court infrequent, it is in the period from three to six months that the second large proportion ot oases is handled by the courts. While these general patterns vary within each region tor.each crime group and for each individual crime, this is the general picture. In other words, the prosecuting otticers attempt to try the oases before th~ court immediately after the indictment or at the first opportunity thereafter. Charts 2 and 3, -6- as well as Tables 2 and 3 in the appendix, illustrate this. The question 1s often askea 1f acquittals are more frequent in the cases that are delayed than in the cases where trial is immediately held. In the rural area, S4.9 percent of the cases tried within 30 days of docketing result in conv1ct1ons, while only 64.3 percent of those tried between lS and 24 months result in convictions. OP the other hand, for cases delayed 24 months or longer, the proportion of convictions is 7g.9 percent. In the other areas, there is not a continuing increase in the proportion of acquittals. However, in both urban and ru-urban areas, the percentage of acquittals granted in the period 24 months and longer is greater than in the period immediately following docketing. It seems that after a case has been delayed for a single term, the advisability of bringing that case to trial becomes a factor of importance and that prosecuting officers seek some other method of disposal rather than trial whenever the outcome of the issue is definitely doubtful. There are four methods by which the solicitor can remove a case from the docket without bringing it to trial. The most important of these is through entering a nol pros. Others are transference to another court, dismissal of action, and releasing the defendant upon his demand for trial. These latter three types of disposal affected only 3.2 percent of the 234, 324 ca.see studied, and for purposes of this study were not reviewed because of their proportionative insignificance. Since cases brought to trial and cases in which nol pros was the disposition constitute approximately 97 percent of the cases in the courts studied, consider for a moment that these constituted the total dispositions of cases. In this light, convictions would constitute a positive consummation of the issues involved and nol pros and acquittal the negative consummation. This arrangement was followed because a nol pros is virtually the same as an acquittal in the sense that it is a disposition of the case that is not a conviction. While this arbitrary clas- TIME CONSUMED BETWE[N DOCKET! N6 AND DISPOSITION OF CASES RE SULTl NG IN ACQUIH~LS Bv PER CE.NTs JANUARV I, 1"!'26, TMROU6M OECEJAllER 31, 1'!35 URBAtJ. QUUR&ll.N, ANO QURAL COUNTIES GEORGIA UR&AW RUUll.Ba.N CHA!H NO. 3 QURAL sification is subject to the restrictions on nol pros set out in the beginning of this treatise, common experience of those familiar with court routine renders the classification a reasonable one, for all practical purposes. A definite variation in this comparison is shown to exist among the three areas. Throughout the six months period, beginning with the docketing of the case, the time element appears relatively unimportant in a consideration of the percentages of convictions obtained by rural courts. After that time, the proportion of convictions decreases rapidly with each succeeding six months period, until two years have elapsed. after which an increase occurs. It is likely that, after a case has remained on a rural docket for 24 months, another factor has entered the disposition picture and a vast portion of such -7- EXl-llBIT I PEQ CENT Cl-IANGE IN CONVICT IONS, ACQUITTALS, ANO NOL PQOS fOQ NINE TIME PEQIODS JANUARY I, 1q'210, THROUGl-I DECEMBER 31, lq35 QUQAL, RU-UQBAN. AND UQ&AN COUNTIES GkORGIA LESS Tl-IAN 30 OAVS "O30 OAVS lO DAYS '-0 OJ.VS lO 90DAVS 9o Ot.VS TO "IAON111$ RURAL RU-URBAN U~BA.N cases ls conveniently lett pending. It will be remembered that 1n many rural counties the court has only two terms a year, so this consistency of ratio covers a period equal to one term ot court, thus g1v1ng a possible 1nterence that 1t ls 1ntluenced up to that point by the term of court ~ather than the number ot months tnterven1ng between docketing and trial. In the ru-urban area, time 1n the first six months atter docketing appears to be a much more important factor 1n the proportion ot convictions obtained than 1n the rural area. Around 66 percent of cases disposed ot 1n the t1rst 30 days 1n the ru-urban area are convictions. The proportion ot convictions increases until 1n the latter halt of the six months period 1t ls 80 percent. A rapid decline then takes place, reaching 23 percent at the end ot the two year -8- Ell-II r.11 I (COll'flNUEO) PEQ CENT CMANGE IN CONVICTIONS, ACQUll'lALS, ANO foQ NINE TIME PERIODS JANUll.QY I, 19'21D, TMl20UGH OliC~Ml!>'Q 31, 1q3G, RUl2AL, Qu-UQ&ll.N, AND UQBAN COUNTl~S 6,0RGIA NOL PQOS <. MON'HIS TO 9 MOllTIK ct MOMHIS'fO l'l MONTllS l'l MONTMS'fO 18 MONTllS 18 MONTMS 'Tl) ~MONTl.\S ~ MOMTll~ AllDOVEll period. In this area the proportion or convictions, arter the end or twenty-tour months, ie greater than in the time period Just preceding it. The difference here, however, is not so great as in the rural area. For the urban area, the proportion or convictions begins its decline immediately and, while its descent is not particularly rapid in the first three months arter cases are docketed, drops rapidly thereafter. In the first 30 days arter docketing, around g7 percent or the dis- positions resulted in convictions, while, after 2~ months, convictions are the disposition or only 20 percent or the cases. The figures tor all areas are shown in Table 2. Broadly speaking, it may be said that ror rural counties the time element up to six months has little, if any, effect on the probabilities -9- of a disoosition other than a conviction; for ru-urban areas, the probabil-i-ty of-conviction is decreased after 30 days; and for the urban urban and 20 points in urban areas. From that point, it mounts upward, almost uninterrupted. Indeed, except for a slight drop in the rural TABLE II RELATION OF CASES RESULTlNG IN CONVICTIONS, ACQUITTALS AND NOL PROS IN RURAL.RU-URBAN AND URBAN GEORGIA For Ten Time Periods as Shown by the Court Records Of 29 City and 57 Superior Courts Time Periods Less Than l Month 1 to 2 Months 2 to 3 Monthe 3 to 6 Months 6 to 9 Months 9 to 12 Months 12 to 18 Months lg to 24 Months over 24 Months Not Ascertainable 'l'OTAL Total Number Percent 7,340 1,001 1,513 4,975 l,g92 gg6 970 556 9g2 431 20L.5_4-6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Convictions Number Percent RURAL 4, 79g 6go 1,027 3,41g 933 412 371 2l~ lg7 65.4 67.9 67.9 6g.7 49.3 46.5 3g.3 16.5 25.1 43.4 12,164- 59.2 Less Than l Month l to 2 Months 2 to 3 Months 3 to 6 Months 6 to 9 Months 9 to 12 Months 12 to lg Months lg to 24- Months Over 24- Months Not Ascertainable TOTAL 19,095 6,127 7,8'+7 20,705 3,292 11,,471754 829 2,303 198 63,585 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 RU-URBAN 12,64-'+ 4-, 7g5 5,984 16,571 l,~44 39g 193 588 130 66.2 78.1 76.3 80.0 51.6 41.9 28.2 23.3 25.5 65.6 4-3. 73'+ 68.8 URBAN Less Than 1 Month l to 2 Months 2 to 3 Months 3 to 6 Months 6 to 9 Months 9 to 12 Months 12 to 18 Months 18 to 24- Months Over 24- Months Not Ascertainable 50,4-25 16,089 16,74-6 15,31+9 3,191+ 1,264- 789 416 900 296 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4-3, 71+3 12,351 13,590 11,101 1,707 612 24-'+ 96 lg2 2go TOTAL 105,4-68 100.0 83,906 Source'. Dockets of 57 Superior and 29 City Courts. 86.7 76.8 81.2 72.4- a~:a 31.0 23.1 20.2 91+.6 79.6 Acguittals Number Percent g57 170 217 g36 261 126 104- g~ 3 2,691 11.7 16.9 14-.3 16.g 13.g 14.2 10.7 9.2 6.7 .7 13.1 1,873 4-10 684- 2, 377 459 lgo 115 4-1 170 12 6,321 9.8 6.7 8.7 11.5 13.9 10.1 8.1 4-. 9 7.1+ 6.1 9.9 4-,176 1,821 1,4-90 1,71+2 359 13'+ 5131 27 5 9,g18 8.3 11. 3 8.9 11.3 11.2 10.6 6.7 2.6 3.0 1. 7 9.3 Nol Pros Cases Number Percent l,6g5 151 269 672l81 49~ 4-13 670 21+1 5,691 22.9 15.1 17.8 14-. 5 36.9 39.3 51.0 71+. 3 6g.2 55.9 27.7 4-,578 932 1,179 1,757 1,136 851 901 595 1,5'+5 56 13,530 21+.o 15.2 15.0 8.5 31+.5 48.0 63.7 71.8 67.1 28.2 21.3 2,506 1,917 1,666 2,506 1,128 518 1+92 309 691 11 11, 74-'+ 5.0 11.9 9.9 16.3 35.3 41.0 62.; 74-.3 76.8 3.7 11.l group, the probability increases practically steadily after 30 days. The situation, after six months, is somewhat startling. Between the six and nine months the ratio Jumps perceptibly. It moves upward by practically 20 points in rural; 29 points in ru- area between the periods, 12 to 18 months and over two years, the climb is upward without a single dip in the curve, jumping between six months and over two years, a total of 52 points in the case of rural and urban, and 55 points in the ru-urban counties. -10- The conclus1'onbecomes, therefore, unescapable, that on the baS:is of th-1s---atudy, _wlth other - things being equal, after the first term of court has elapsed, the probabilities for one accused of crime obtaining a disposition of the case other than conviction are progressively greater or, in other words, khe longer a case remains untried, after the first term, the smaller are the odds in favor of conviction. This conclusion is, however, susceptible of, at least, two interpretations. It may be that the element of time, involving delays which may mean loss of evidence, witnesses, etc., le in itself the sole explanation of the larger percents of dispositions other than convictions. On the other hand, there may be other influencing factors. Pleas of guilty, representing a large proportion of the cases trred, are always disposed of as quickly as possible, thus weighting the percent of convictions in the earl!- est periods. Further~ore, the human inclination to do t~e easy thing first may result in solicitors putting cases in which they are practically sure of a conviction on the calendar first, and leaving those which will require more work and preparation until a later date. The same element may account for the very larger percent of nol prosses that are entered within six months after docketing. If this be true, the natural result would be that most of the cases, involving most of the convictions, would be tried immediately, leaving only those on the docket in which a conviction is doubtful from the outset. In this case, it would be reasonable to expect that solicitors would be sor.iewhat loath to try these cases and only do so when forced to oy the defendant. Under such a premise, it would be only logical that these cAses would result in a much smaller percentage of convictions than those tried earlier. -ll- APPENDIX .. -...,,;,, CRiflEs CRIMINAL HOMICIDES Involur.tary Manslaughter Murder Voluntary Manslaughter ~ABLE l PERIOD BETWEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOSITION OF NOL PROS CASE~ IN 29 CITY COURTS AND 57 SUPE.'l.IOR COURTS OF GEORGIA - _ Janunry 1, 1926 - December 31, 1935 PART ONE - ffiJRAL Total ...1"1 .. E-<,.",>,'. - ... Q, "'"' 0 "0 ' ".+.-.''"."'.' ."' .c: "'".c': O+-> 0+-' +-'" 0 +-'" 0 "''" "'"' .C.\J... .c: 0+-> +-'0" "''" "...' .. o.c: ... ,.+-><;: C\J 0 ,...,...,...,., "0 >< :0 N ".."..0.. N ".". ~ ""., 0)-< <( z Number Percent 8J 8J 8J 35 100.0 10 28.6 4 11.4 14.35 2 5.7 . 2 1 2 5.7 2.8 5.7 3 2 1 30 2 10 4 2 1 3 2 2 3 l 2 1 1 CRIY.INAL A0 SAULTS Number Percent Assault Assault and Battery A$f-Ault ~1th Intent to Y.urder AesRult with Intent to Rape Af-seult l't1th Intent to Rob BlacAmall Rnd Extortion DPfRmRtion of Virtuous Female Hit and Run I/riving KldnApping Libel Y.Ayhem Peepir.g Tom Pointing Pistol at Another :I.Ape.. Shooting at Another Shuotlng at an Occupied Dwelling StAbbing Tralr~ ?:recking Wife Bee.t1r1g ARSON Number Percent Arson Destroying Houee with Explosives 1:4 721 - 196 30 100.0 27.2 4.2 77 86 40 66 63 84 26 10.7 11.9 5.5 9.2 8.7 11.6 3.6 20 357 168 12 4 114 35 23 3 20 12 3 32 18 4 50 11 1 20 10 1 2305 2 18 27 283 27 2 17 5 3 2 3 1 1 2 2 4 1 l 1 3 9 1 1 3 4 2 2 1 1 5~ 14 2 7 7 9 1 5 4 8 2 2 22 6 4 3 1 3 2 1 2. 5 1 1 1 2 30 5 2 6 7 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 25 10 1 2 1 5 2 1 3 27 100.0 18J 4 2 1 1 14.8 7.4 3.7 3.7 13 1 48.1 3.7 27 5 4 2 1 l 13 1 BURGLARY ROBBERY Number Percent Number Percent LARCENIES Number Percent Breaking, Enteri~g and Stealing Breaking, Enteri~g Vehicle l.Arceny, Laroeny, attempted Larceny from House Larceny from Person LRrceny of Automobile Larceny of Farm Animals Simple Larceny LA.'lCEl;IEs AFTER TRUST Number Percent Embezzlement Larceny After Trust Removal of Mortgaged Property Sale of ~ortgaged Property ;,:BUSE OF ANOTYER 'S PROPERTY Number Pe~cent K1lling Farm Ani~ale Trespass Using Auto without Owner's Consent Using HorSe without Owner's Consent :HEATING AKO SWINDLING Number Percent Cheating and Swindling Obtaining Money Under Felae Pretense '?':IRGERY Number Percent Forgery Operating A Slot Machine with Slugs Personating Another CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE Number Percent Bribery Embra~ery Escaoee Malp;.acti ce by Public Officer Obstructing Legal Process Per!or:DAnce of Police Duties, illegally Per Jury Resisting an Officer 174 48 100.0 27.6 6 3.4 6 22 20 3.4 12.6 11.5 10 5.7 13 7.5 11 6.5 203.15 3 1.7 44 17 100.0 38.6 6.83 11.a 11.~ 7 15.9 6.83 4 9.1 665 239 100.0 35.9 6 0.9 31 86 4.7 12.9 66 9.9 7~~ 41 6.2 44 6.6 63 9.5 64.oo 7 7 -. 1 1 l 1 44 11 2 9 5 3 4 4 6 _, 13" 19 578 l 1 3 4 3 1 2 5 211 l 5 1 28 2 75 4 52 1 45 3 30 l 38 1 54 40 92 26 100.0 28.3 3 3.3 4 4.3 g 12 IS. 7 13.0 8 IS. 7 8 8.7 9 11 9.8 11.9 3 3.3 11 3 2 1 2 1 1 1 35 31 15 7 12 4 2 3 1 l 3 2 a 2 3 2 1 5 2 4 5 2 1 3 3 60 - 29 1 100.0 48.3 1. 7 6 6 10.0 10.0 2 3.3 2 7 3. 3 11. 7 6.74 l 5.03 1 1 5~ 24 l 4 6 6 2 2 7 4 3 292 - 103 100;0 35.3 8 2.7 9 34 38 3.1 11.6 13.0 22 7.5 23 7.9 18 35 6.2 12.0 2 0.7 291 1 103 8 9 34 37 22 23 18 35 2 1 42 - 6 100.0 14.3 2 4.8 2 4.8 4 8 9-5- 19.0 3 8 7.1 19.0 2 4.8 3 7.2 4 9.5 21 - 4 1 1 7 1 3 2 2 21 - 2 2 1 3 l 2 5 1 4 26 loo.o- 8 30.8 1 3.6 6 6 1 3 1 15 2 -14- 8 l 30.8 3.8 1 2 6 11.53 3 5 19.3 1 4 - TABLE l PERIOD BETWEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOdI'rION OF NOL PROS CASES (CONT'D) PART ONE - .RURAL CRIMES CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC PEACE Number Percent Bribery Operating Auto while Drunk Rioting OFFENSES RELATED TO SEX Number Percent Adultery and Fornication Attempted Beastiality or Sodomy Bigamy Incest Seduction Sodomy and Beastiality VICE CRIMES Number Percent Cock Fighting Gambling Lottery Maintaining a.Lewd House Maintaining an Opium Joint Public Drunkenness Public Indecency Using Obscene Language OFFENSES RELATED TO PUBLIC POLICY Number Percent Jisturbing Divine Worship Receiving Stolen Property Usury Vagrancy Violation at the Sabbath llALICIOUS MISCHIEF Number Percent Cruelty to Children and Animals Firing Woods l!alicious Mischief VIOLATIONS OF THE PROHIBITION LAW Number Percent VIOLATIONS OF REGULATORY MEASURES Number Percent Barbering without License Defacing Public Property Failure to Pay Occupational Tax Illegal Arrest Interfering with Laborers Peddling without License Practicing Profession without License Receiving Unstamped Tobaccos Violation or Banking Regulati~ns Violation or Common School Lawe Violation or County Health Lawe Violation or Election Lawe Violation or Game Law Violation or Highway Regulations Violation at Motor Carrier Laws Violation or Motor Vehicle Law Violation or Protessional Bondsmen Act Violation or Security License Law Violation or Timber Law !ION-SUPPORT Number Percent Abandonment Bastardy MISCELLANEOUS CRIMES Number Percent Felonies Number Percent Felony, blanket charge Felony, miscellaneous Poisoning Well Possessing 81rglary Tools Possessing Counterfeit Type lliedemeanors Number Percent llisdemeanor, blanket charge Misdemeanor, miscellaneous TOTAL Percent Total ~ ...0 . .. .-a! .C..\J. :0s a>><" 22 545.5 13.5 14- 34- 3 13 5 7 9 8 14- 8.3 7.4- 13.0 4- 5 6 2 3 3 6 18 5 6 1 1 22 4-7 l 11 16 8 4- 6.8 3.4- 6 2 l l 2 2 4-.53 lo.4 l i 2 3 110 8.6 67.07 22 6.o 37 10.l l 3 4- l 3 2 2 16 28 lO 6 2 8 7 9.0 7.9 g 5 2 51 52 9.9 10.l 2 11 7.41 4-0.75 1 9 2 l 10 l 8 9.0 7 l 4-3 8.3 2 7.4-1 l l 4-1 4-1 8.4 8.4 41 41 . 495 4-13 670 8. 70 7.26 11.77 < .; \43.5 8 6 d 3 2 21 3.8 6 11 4- 2 l 2 3.0 2 12 3-~ 3 2 .4- o.42 2 24-1 4.23 CRIMES CRIMINAL HOMICIDES Involuntary Manslaughter Murder Voluntary Manslaughter TABLE l PERIOD BETWEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOSITION OF NOL PROS CASES IN_29 CITY COURTS AND 57 SUPERIOR COURTS OF GEORGIA January l. 1926 - December 31, 1935 PA.qT TWO - RU-URBAN TotRl .... ..,", ... >. .._"G',>""O'' 0 ".0,' .. .....>... "'"' 0 "..0.,.'...,...., "'"' ".0,'".,0",,' "'"" "~'1",:,' 0 "'"" .N...... o~ +> "0 "'"" ~0,., +> <;; .N.... O:a . ~~ +"0>><" :SN ".....' 0+> N........,. O>< ....c Number Percent 57 100.0 34- 59. 7 l l. 7 2 7 3.5 12.3 2 3 l 7 3.5 5.3 l. 7 12.3 6 l l 50 l 3i 2 6 l l 2 l 2 l 5 CRIMINAL ASSAULTS Number Percent Assault Assault and Battery Assault with Intent to Murder Assault with Intent to Rape Assault with Intent to Rob Blackmail and Extortion Defamation or Virtuoue Female Hit and Run Driving Kidnapping Libel MRyhe:n Peeping Tom P:iir;ting Pistol at Another Rape Sh:>-:>t1r.g at Another Sh,1oting at an Occu;iied Dwelling Stobbir.g Train Wreckln~ W1fe 9e~ting A'iSOI' Number Percent Arson ~estroy1ng House w1t}\ Expl slves 1, 795 524 112 163 257 170 128 157 81 196 7 100.0 29.3 6.2 9.1 14-.3 9.5 7.1 8.7 4-.5 10.9 0.4- 58 1,014- 24-7 14 5 16 6 lj. 9 lj. lj. 7 l lj. 278 7~ 63 2 l 96 14-1 107 23 32 21 l 2 l 72 22 l 93 24 ~4 116 30 l 3 i l 2 l l 2 l l 185 2 lj. l l l 2 8 2 2 6 2 lj. 9 58 38 53 9 125 131 23 100.0 l~ 18 19 3 38 44- B 34-.8 l l lj. 5 4 l 3 12 13 16 12 l 4.3 l l 10 lj. 6 l 7 l 2 19 15 l l 7 g 5 4 2 6 3 ~ 5 8 2 10 l 9 19 12 lj. 10 7 7 3 13.0 l 4.3 8 2 34-.9 11.7 23 8 3 8 2 BURO.LARY RGBESRY Number Percent t\u:nbe1: Percent i..AR (:Er~! ES Number Percent Breaking, E,,tering and Stealing B~eHklng, ~r.terlr.g Veh1cle Larce:.j' Larceny, Rtte'1pted Le.r.Jen:1 fro::;. H.n1ee Larceny from Person Larceny of A~tomobile Larceny of Farm Animals Si11;ile Larceny :..A!<::;;.:~:rss AF'!':::?. TRUST Number Percent E:Lbezzlement Larceny after Trust Rer:iov~l of Mortgaged Property 3Ale of ~ortgBged Property !LlS'JSE CF ANOTHER' s PROPERTY Number Percent Killing Farm Animals Trespass Using Auto without Owner 1 e Cor.sent Using Horse without Owner's Consent CHEA":'Il\G AND SllINDLH-G Number Percent Cheati~g and Swindling Obte ir_ing l!oney under FRlse Pretense FOR~ERY Number Percent Forgery Operating a Slot Machine with Slugs Personat1ng Another CRil!ES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE Number Percent Bribery Embracery Escapee Mal;iractl~c by Public Officer nbstructing Legal Procees Performance or Police Duties, illegally Perjury Resieting an Officer 316 100.0 59 100.0 135 42.7 27 4-5. 7 1,698 100.'J 18 12 l 68 4 53 28 1,514- 322 100.0 25 178 67 52 136 100.0 l 102 30 3 1,015 100.0 1,007 8 174 100.0 166 8 566 33.3 7 l 32 16 8 502 s6 26.7 2 43 28 13 4-6 33.8 349 3 322 31.6 321 l 82 47.2 79 3 44 14- 100.0 31.11 l l~ 9 3 l 8 l 9 3 -16- 16 15 29 20 31 11 5.1 4-. 7 9.2 6.3 9.8 3.5 2 2 6 2 l l 3.4 3.4 10.2 3.4 l. 7 1.7 132 130 224- 143 110 112 7.8 7.7 13. 2 s.4 6 5 6.6 2 l l l l 2 l 4 3 2 5 4 7 3 5 2 lj. 4 9 l 7 2 9 l 2 126 117 202 122 102 94 28 8.7 14- 45 4-. 3 14.o 28 8.7 27 8.4- 31 9.6 2 13 l 9 7 28 l 18 183 lj. 12 10 3 2 2 6 4 4 3 2 3 13 6 10 16 15 11 14- 4.4- 7.4 11.8 11.0 8.1 10.2 l 5 6 10 10 10 11 l 3 6 5 l 3 78 7.7 92 14-o 9.1 13.8 83 8.2 63 6.2 66 6.5 78 92 14-o 81 61 65 2 2 l 14- 19 8.0 11.0 15 8.6 148.0 2.95 10 5.7 14 18 14- 12 l 1 2 5 10 d 6.83 7 15.9 3 6.8 lj. 9.1 3 6.8 l 2 l l 2 2 l 2 l l 2 l l 2 l l l 25 23 11 7.9 7.3 3.5 5 12 l 8.5 20.3 l. 7 97 182 2 5.7 10. 7 0.1 l 2 lj. lj. 5 l l 5 4 l l 86 163 10 52 l 3.1 16.2 0.3 l lj. lj. 32 l ~ 8 8 6 12 4.4 8.9 5 11 l l 39 127 3.8 12.6 5 0.5 39 125 5 2 lj. 9 2 2.3 5.2 l.l 4 8 2 l 2 4-.6 11.4 l 2 2 2 ~ TABLE l PERIOD BE'l'WEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOSITION OF NOL PROS CASES (CONT'D) PART TWO - RU-URBAN ..".0..0. +O' .'ci:l NO CRIMES Total .-<:.! CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC PEACE Number Percent l,05g 433 - 100.0 40.9 68 6.4 133 12.6 so 7.6 64 6.o 64 6.o Carrying Deadly Weapons Operating Auto while Drunk Rioting OFFENSES RELATED TO SEX Number Peroent Adultery and Fornication Attempted Beastiality or Sodomy Bigamy Incest Seduction Sodomy and Beastiality 605 132303 291 ~ 38 20 10 49 36 5 65 58 10 2358 17 30 20 14 30 23 11 240 76 24 34 22 26 11 12 - 100.0 31.7 10.0 14.2 9.2 10.8 4.6 5.0 200 61 23 2g 19 25 g 9 7 4 3 2 l l 29 10 1 3 3 2 2 l VICE CRillES Number Percent l,146 434 57 112 137 100.0 37.9 5.0 9.s 11.9 71 6.2 Cook Fighting Gambling Lottery lla1nta1ning a Lewd House llaintaining an Opium Joint Public Drunkenness Public Indecency Using Obscene Language OFFENSES RELATED TO PUBLIC POLICY Number Percent Disturbing Divine Woreh1p Rece1v1ng Stolen Property Usury Vagrancy Violaticn or the Sabbath MALICIOUS llISCHIEI' Number Percent 291 96 10 31 39 9 14 19 9 25 3 l 3 3 3 2 6 4 l l 73g 295 44 70 82 56 41 43 2 1 l Sl 36 2 5 7 5 g g 351 170 31 27 25 27 26 15 100.0 48.4 8.8 7.7 7.1 7.7 7.4 4.3 69 28 9 10 5 3 g 6 9 5 13 g 134 68 17. 12 9 11 4 3 14 5 2 2 2 l 183 72 g g 28 15 13 11 100.0 39.3 4.4 4.4 15.3 S.2 7.1 6.0 Cruelty to Children and Animals Firing Woods llaliclous M1sch1et VIOLATIONS OF THE PROHIBITION LAW Number Percent VIOLATIONS OF REGULATORY MEASURES Number Percent 39 19 125 21 4~ 3 2 3 i 4 2,628 906 148 206 - 100.0 34.5 5.6 7.11 g9g 308 64 71 - 100.0 34.3 7.1 7.9 4 2 2 2 2 l 1 22 11 10 10 256 176 ISO 9.7 6.7 6.9 91 40 43 10.l 4.5 4.S Barbering without License Derac1ng Public Property Failute to Pay Occupational Tax Illegal Arrest Interrer1ng with Laborers Peddling without License Practicing Profession without License Receiving Unstamped Tobaccos Violation of Banking Regulations Violation or Common School Laws Violation or County Health Laws Violation or Election Laws Violation or Game Law Violation or Highway Regulations Violation or Motor Carrier Laws Violation or Motor Vehicle Law Violation or Proressional Bondsmen Act Violation ct Security License Law Violation ot Timber Law NON-SUPPORT Number Percent Abandonment Bastardy MISCl!:LLANEOUS CRI~ES Number Percent 13 l l 7 93 3 33 6 2 9 l l 4 2 10 39 205 l 6 2 5 g 1 l l 1 3 220 11 642 14 16 l 18 9 5 l 452 156 30 39 5 2 l 2 2 6 3 257 60 lu- 100.0 23.3 48 12 lS 7.0 33 12.S 13 24 5 9 1,130 275 122 147 - 100.0 24.3 10.8 13.0 l 23 2 l 4 l 1 l 3 2 l l 4 l 22 32 13 6 2 2 61 47 24 30 l l l l 32 20 18 12.5 7.s 7.0 17 14 15 15 6 3 54 54 79 4.8 4.S 7.0 Felonies Number Percent 6S - 32 3 l 9 3 1 7 100.0 47.06 4.41 1.47 13.24 4.41 1.47 10.29 Felony, blanket charge Felony, miscellaneous Poisoning Well Possessing Illrglary Tools Possessing Counterfeit Type 58 26 3 7 3 7 ~ 2 4 l l l l Misdemeanors Misdemeanor, blanket charge Misdemeanor, miscellaneous TOTAL Percent Number Percent 1,062 243 119 146 128 - 100.0 22.9 11.2 13.7 12.l 51 4.S 53 5.0 72 6.s 1,039 23 234 117 140 127 50 52 72 9 2 6 l l l 13,530 - 4,57g 932 1,179 1,757 1,136 851 901 - loo.o 33.s3 6.s9 s.71 12.99 s.4o 6.29 6.66 -17- .N o",".>"."<,' 34 87 3.2 8.2 16 47 15 34 3 6 21 14 s.7 5.11 18 9 3 4 1 32 160 2.1! 13.9 10 60 4 3 18 gg 9 7 22 2.0 6.3 6 10 l l 9 2 4 24 2.2 13.1 2 2 l 2 21 131 260 5.0 9.9 35 3.9 IC>6 11.8 l 5 10 3 2 l 5 2 15 3g l 12 46 g 32 3.1 12.5 6 30 2 2 45 213 4.0 18.S l 10 1.47 14.71 l 10 44 203 4.1 19.l 42 202 2 l 595 1,545 4.40 11.42 oJ 4 l o.~ 3 l l l 0.3 l g 0.3 3 0.3 l l l l o.4 l 4 .4 l l.47 l 3 0.3 3 .41 CRIMES CRIMINAL HOMI ~IDES Involuntary lllnslaughter Murder Voluntary Manslaughter TABLE 1 PERIOD BETWEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOSITION OF NOL PROS 6ABES IN 29 CITY COURTS AND 57 SUPERIOR COURTS OF GEORGIA January 1, 1926 - December 31, 1935 PART THREE - URBAN Total J"!l .. '"':? 'Q "")"Q' "'"' 0 V) ...0....:;.- "'"' 0 ..."_0....',,":";'- V) .. .0.,+".>,' 0 "':s "'1l ... "O+> V) :0s .O.J... "'.O..+c> 0 "':II "...' .. o.S:: +><;0 .N.. O:a .. .. ."c.'."..~.,'. 0 :a"' "...'0., "' . O,"~.>".~<,' < z Number 104 - 13 6 11 19 9 11 9 9 17 Percent 100.0 12.5 5.9 10.6 18.3 8.6 10.6 8.6 8.6 16.3 27 77 - 3 - 10 3 3 ~ 8 11 1 8 2 9 1 8 2 4 7 13 CRIMINAL ASSAULTS Number Percent Assault Assault and.Battery Assault with Intent to Murder Assault with Intent to Rape Assault with Intent to Rob Blackmail and Extortion Defamation or Virtuous Female Hit and Run Driving Kidnapping Libel r.<.ayhem Peeping Tom Pointing Pistol at Another Rape Shooting at Another Shooting at an Occupied Dwelling Stabbing Train wrecking Wife Beating A.""50N Number Percent Arson Destroying House with Explosives 2,073 - 100.0 11 990 349 1~2' 13 12 l 4 l 16 31 58 9 317 190 30 100.0 30 431 372 308 514 20.8 17.9 14.9 24.8 26~ 41 4 6 3 2 1 2 2 2 169 45 g l 15346 ' 2 1 247 83 11 4 4 4 4 1 1 l 3 4 1 3 8 2 12 ~ 11 1 4 3 47 83 59 81 47 47 24 48 1 2 2 3.4 6.7 6.7 1 2 2 201 9.7 l 90 53 3 2 1 1 1 5 5 10 18 11 7 23.3 7 73 3.5 22 20 4 1 3 7 1 13 2 5 16.6 5 59 2.8 18 21 1 1 3 2 5 6 2 id 5 45 70 2.2 3.4 1 17 17 3g 1 2 1 4 2 2 ~ 3 7 7 2 8 26. 7 g BURGLARY ROBBERY Number Percent Number Percent 416 - 80 70 57 61 49 100.0 19.2 16.8 13.7 14.7 11.8 19 4.6 29 7.0 4 44 1.0 l0.5 3 0.7 9:4 244 - 44 4o 42 53 21 100.0 18.2 16.4 17.2 21.7 8.6 5 2.0 3 1.2 12 4.9 1 o.4 LARCENIES Number Percent Breaking, Entering and Stealing Breaking, Entering Vehicle Larceny Larceny, attempted Larceny from House Larceny from Person Larceny or Automobile Larceny of Farm Animals Simple Larceny LARCENIES AFTER TRUST Number Percent Embezzlement Larceny after Trust Removal or Mortgaged Property Sale of Mortgaged Property !!.ISUSE OF ANOT-!ER'S PROPERTY Number Percent Killing Farm Animals Trespass Using Auto without Owner's Consent Usir.g Horse 111'1thout Owner's Consent CHEATING AND SWINDLING Number Percent Cheating and Swindling Obtaining Money under False Pretense FORGERY Number Percent Forgery Operating a Slot Machine with Slugs Personating Another CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE .Number Percent Bribery Embracery Escapes llalpractice by Public Officer Obstructing Legal Process Performance of Police Duties, illegally Per Jury Resisting an Officer 1,960 492 423 308 354 142 64 58 48 71 100.0 25.1 21.6 15.7 18.1 7.2 3.3 3.0 2.4 3.6 31 21 2 5 107 14 187 13 1,580 10 5 6 2 2 4 3 3 2 3 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 2 1 1 1 18 6~ 2,17 3 13 2 31 16 2 20 13 10 5 2 12 g 6 7 10 6 l~ 2 2 1 386 365 251 310 112 1 41 42 ,6 43 410 66 50 42 65 46 100.0 16.1 12.2 10.2 15.9 11.2 24 5.7 20 4.9 9 88 2.2 21.6 26 34~ 4 51 3 45 32, 2 52 5 20 22 3 15 9 1 8 19 2 2 7 9 81 9 2 1 1 3 2 68 15 15 19 9 100.0 22.1 22.0 27.9 13.2 7.~ 2 2.9 1 1.5 1 1.5 1 1.5 29 5 7 12 2 2 1 38 10 8 7 7 2 2 1 l l 44o 127 71 45 83 45 100.0 28.9 16.2 10.2 18.9 10.2 19 4.3 3~~ 5 1.1 30 6.8 436 4 i24 71 45 83 45 19 15 5 30 130 21 30 15 20 100.0 16.2 23.1 11.5 15.4 9 6.9 4 3.1 2 1.5 9 20 6.9 15.4 87 20 13 5 19 9 4 2 2 13 43 1 17 10 1 7 7 79 - 15 8 5 16 9 9 4 3 10 100.0 19.l 10.1 6.3 20.2 11.4 11.4 5.1 3.8 12.6 18 6 4 2 1 1 ~ 1 6 4 6 2 2 1 1 7 6 1 l 1 26 15 4 4 2 2 2 2 4 4 5 3 3 4 2 -lB- TABLE l CRillEB CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC PEACE PERIOD BETWEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOSITION OF NOL PROS CASES (CONT'D) . . . PART THREE - URBAN ., Total 0 "0 ' +> .... :ID.- ''"'' . "...'. 1l "...'. 0 .c ~."0,>~<" ".,0., 0 "'* .,~ ,..C..\J. 0 :>IN "....'0., Number Percent 875 137 141 168 215 91 - 100.0 15.7 16.l 19.2 24.6 10.4 41 20 4.7 2.3 Carrying Deadly weapons Operating Auto while Drunk Rioting 629 2i~ 106 28 107 34 l~ 3 l 65 25 1 22 11 12 14 7 9 5 2 2 OFFENSES RELATED TO SEX Number Percent 234 43 38 30 - 100.0 18.4 16.2 12.8 11 4. 7 2.25 11 4.7 Adultery and Fornication Attempted Beast1ality or Sodomy Bigamy Incest Seduction Sodomr and Beastiality 31 30 24 l l 1 4 5 4 1 8 3 3 2 6 4 6 2 l 2 5 1 VICE CRIMES Number 947 182 122 153 210 87 40 51 Percent - 100.0 19.2 12.9 16.l 22.2 9.2 4.2 5.4 Cock Fighting Gambling Lottery Maintaining a Lewd House llaintaining an Opium Joint Public Drunkenness Public Indecency Using Obscene Language OFFENSES RELATED TO PUBLIC POLICY Number Percent 5j~ 51 258 16 33 505 - 100.0 108 13 7 41 6 7 161 31.9 74 14.6 82 5 8 52 3 3 59 ll.7 106 2 13 75 ii 95 18.8 55 2 4 24 1 1 58 11.5 30 46 41 l 2 5 2 3 7 10 2 1 4 9 10 21 1 1.8 1.9 4.2 0.2 Disturbing Divine Worship Receiving Stolen Property Ueury Vagrancy Violation of the Sabbath MALICIOUS MISCHIEF Number Percent 18 6 2 6 2 1 1 l~ 20 21 24 22 46 l 3 30 ~ i 4 1 8 12 1 280 95 45 29 37 51 11 3 1 7 1 3 l l l ~ ~ u ~ u ~ 100.0 15.l 22.2 l0.3 14.3 ll.9 d 6 10 4.8 7.9 Cruelty to Children and Animale Firing woods llalicioue Mischief 39 6 9 l 8 6 87 13 19 12 10 9 3 2 4 4 10 VIOLATIONS OF THE PROHIBITION LAW Number Percent 1,889 390 281 246 44-9 207 - 100.0 20.6 15.0 13.0 23.11 10.9 88 4.7 30 1.6 611.o3 VIOLATIONS OF REGULATORY MEASURES Number 799 155 91 180 61 61 Percent - 100.0 19.5 11.5 22.5 7.6 7.6 Barbering without License 21 14 6 l Defacing Public Property 4 2 l 1 Failure to Pay Occupational Tax Illegal Arrest 112 10 15 8 5 9 4 4 9 17 l 6 4 2 Interfering with Laborers Peddling without License 6 2 3 l Practicing Proteseion without License Receiving Unstamped Tobaccos Violation of Banking Regulations Violation ot Common School Laws 235 31 14 16 75 7 10 46 30 2 4 27 1 26 l 1 Violation ot County Health Laws Violation ot Election Laws Violation of Game Lew Violation of Highway Regulations 4 4144 4 8 5 1 8 1 5 6 5 2 1 l 1 1 1 Violation of Motor Carrier Laws 9 6 2 1 Violation of Motor Vehicle Law Violation of Professional Bondsmen Act 325 74 55 49 74 25 27 g 5 Violation of Security License Law 16 2 11 3 Violation of Timber Law 2 1 1 NON-SUPPORT Number Percent ~ ~ ~ % ~ ~ 12 !! 4 10 - 100.0 19.1 19.1 13.7 23.7 ll.5 4.6 3.0 1.5 3.8 Abandonment Bastardy ~60 1" 1 1346 279 1~ 0 M 6 8 4 7 l 3 1 8 2 MISCELLANEOUS CRIMES Number Percent 153 64 5 14 21 - 100.0 41.8 3.3 9.2 13.7 3 1.9 2 1.3 Felonies Number Percent 13 2 100.0 15.3 3 3 23.1 23.1 3 23.1 Felony, blanket charge Felony, miscellaneous Poisoning Well Possessing EUrglary Tools Possessing Counterfeit Type 2 2 8 3 2 3 2 1 1 111ademeanors Number Percent 14-o 62 - 100.0 44-.3 11 18 7.9 12.9 5.07 3' 2.1 4 2.8 2 28 1.4 20.0 Misdemeanor, blanket charge Misdemeanor, m1ecellaneoue 123 60 2 8 16 5 2 2 1 27 17 2 3 2 2 2 l 2 l 1 ?OTAL Per<>ent 11,744 - 2,506 1,917 1,666 2,506 1,128 100.0 21.34 16.32 14.19 21.34 9.60 -19- 518 4.41 492 4.19 }09 2.63 691 5.89 11 0.09 TABLE 2 ~RIMES CRIMINAL HOMICIDES PERIOD BETWEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOSITION OF CASES __ _ RESULTING IN CONVICTIONS IN 29 CITY COURTS AND 57 SUPERIOR COURTS OF GEORGIA - - January 1, 1926 - December 31, 1935 PART ONE - RUBAL 'l'otal ......d .. ~ "O'>"O' 5l .0 , .. .... ~ 0 "' 0 +> .. .... ~ ..,, . .o, ~c 0 "'"' "'"' ..lrr. .rr-:'51 "'"'.d .0, .c, 0 "'"' ..N... .d .0, .c, 0 "'"' ."...'.. .0, ..d, .N...O.c.. ..... " ..cd, QI >< 0 :IN "....'.0, N.."..Q.......I 0 >< '...,m.., "'' m 0 +> +c> "'0\"' 0 +> +c> "'.C..\.J "' 0 +> .c, "...'. o .m: +> +c> 0 0 0 C\J 0 "'"' "'"' '-0::!1 O\::!I .-<::S 970 377 100.0 3g.g7 51 100 286 5.26 l0.31 29.il-8 66 6.80 18 1.86 39 il-.02 582 323 65 201 156 20 2il18 9 75 193 20 78 5 15 39 22 5 15 3 20 11 8 132 il-1 100. 0 31. 06 6 4.5il- 9 51 6.82 38.63 6.l!~ 6 il-.55 lj. 3.03 93 lj. 7 3il- 7 6 1 8 1 1 2 12 1 5 2 l 2 1 17 9 2 l,6il-3 616 100.0 37.51l- 128 il-82 122 50 51 7.79 29.33 7.42 3.oil- 3.10 377 7 20 1 1,119 11, 16g 25 il-2 92 15 11 1 2 2 1 l 6 lj. lj. 5 l 1 39g 2 65 31l-2 1 c 93 37 % il-2 2 11 40 9 2 303 10il- 100.0 3il-. 33 13 31 110 il-.29 10.23 36.30 lil4.62 6 1.98 13 il-.29 129 30 21 3 lj. 66 11 5 10 22 7 1 131 13 53 9 26 35 2 8 1 1 2 2 104 il-3 1 11 28 7 100.0 il-1.35 0.96 10.58 26.92 6.73 30 23 2 5 3 2 l 71 18 l 9 23 7 10 3,il-63 - l,51l-il- 246 278 599 3il-7 17il- lil-O 100.o lj.lj..59 7.10 8.03 17.30 10.02 5.02 il-.04 215 lil- 71l- 171 29 13 8 loo.o 38.32 2.il-9 13.19 30.il-8 5.17 2.32 Lil-3 5 3 l 1 15 10 2 2 1 10 1 5 1 1 i lj. l 17 1 3 g 1 7 1 lj. 1 2il-6 82 10 19 8il- 16 7 lj. 3 1 1 l 2 l 1 21l-7 102 61! 11 5 3 lj. lj. 109 il-2 loo.o 38.53 8 7.31l- 6 5.50 22.~' lil-.~~ lj. 3.67 1 0.92 8ila5 38 il- 6 2 ~ 15 10 12 lj. 2 2 1 il-7il- 189 100.0 39.87 25 5.28 25 111 5.27 23.il-2 3il7.17 15 3.17 il-0 lil- 1 21 2 1 100.0 35.00 2.50 - 52.50 5.00 2.50 3~ lil- 1 - l 1 l 1 - 175 2il100.0 lj.Q_ 32 5. 53 90 20. 71l- 32 7.37 5 1.15 lil3. 23 il-2il- 171 2il- 10 lj. 88 30 2 2 5 lil- l2,16il- - il-,798 680 1,027 3,il-18 933 il-12 371 100.0 39.lj.lj. 5.59 8.lj.lj. 28.10 7.67 3.39 -21- ".'..."..' +c> >"< 0 ::SC\J "....'0+> 9 0.93 2 1.52 2 2 9 3 1 0.33 l 36 l.Oil- 1 0.18 1 1 0.21 1 2.50 1 92 ....C\J .,.",' O>>m< 12 l.2il8 l 3 lj. 3.03 1 2 31 1.87 1 27 3 g 2.6il- 1 0.96 l 62 1. 79 14 2.50 2 12 3 2.75 2 1 26 5.il-9 26 5.99 25 1 21l-6 2.02 < z 12 1.23 2 10 20 l 0.993 3 2 1.92 2 37 1.07 22 3.92 22 il-3 9.91 il-3 187 l.51l- TABLE 2 CRIMES CRIMINAL HOMICIDES PERIOD BETWEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOSITION OF CASES RESQL1'-U!\)c IN GONVICTIONS IN 29 CITY COURTS AND 57 SUPERIOR COURTS OF GEORGIA - January 1, 1926 - December 31, 1935 PART TWO - RU-URBAN ., Number Percent Total 1"1 .. ..... !O' "G'>"O' ..:)"' 0 0 "' 0 .+->.!O"'' "'"' "' 0 .+...>!O"'' "'"' "'1! 0 +> .+.>.._,"0,. "'1! 0 +> +> "0 '.O::il ."0.'.."+.>". +> "0 "'"' ."...'. o.s:: +> +> .C..\1,"0. 11 ~ "'"'+> " 0 ::SC\J "....'0+> C...\J......... O>>"< ...: z 587 137 100.0 23.34 3.~4 58 342 9.s8 58.26 12 2.04 8 1.36 2 0.34 r.54 Involuntary Manslaughter Murder Voluntary Manslaughter 16 568 2 133 1 18 5~ 6 336 1 11 2 5 2 1 8 3 2 1 CRIMINAL ASSAULTS Number Per.cent Assault Assault and Battery Assault with Intent to Murder Aesault with Intent to Rape Assault with Intent to Rob Blackmail and Extortion DefamRtion of Virtuous Female Hit and Run Driving Kidnapping Libel Mayhem Peeping Tom Pointing Pistol at Another Rape Shooting at Another Shooting at an Occupied Dwelling Stabbing Train Wrecking Wife Beating A.'lSON Number Percent Arson Destroying House with Explosives 2,807 902 100.0 32.13 192 351 1,051 6.84 12.50 37.44 159 5.67 46 1.64 25 0.89 18 o.64 46 1.64 17 0.61 67 981 905 69 34 295 3'+7 7~ 29 3 l~~ 19 356 348 4 ~ 1 14 19 1 107 17 1 8 41 1 2 9 13 15 3 18 1 19 14 2 3 6 1 4 u 4 4 3 3 2 105 2 2 2 2 1 1 22 77 85 57 14 285 8 19 26 26 4 63 1 3 31 i 21 11 35 29 8 ~ 3l 108 10 6 6 17 4 3 5 2 1 3 2 1 1 6 3 1485 3 35 1 41 18 1 41 8 1 2 2 28 - 10 1 3 6 5 1 2 100.0 35.71 3.57 l0.72 21.43 17.86 3.57 7.14 27 - 10 1 2 6 5 1 2 1 - - - 1 BURGLARY ROBBERY Number Percent Number Percent 2,300 - 768 100.0 33.39 58 2.52 374 16.26 1~.00102 40 1. 74 18 0.78 12 0.52 2 0.09 16 0.70 269 - 74 2 36 137 2 8 3 100.0 27.51 0.74 13.38 50.93 0.74 2.98 1.12 2.66 LARCENIES Number Percent Breaking, Entering and Stealing Breaking, Entering Vehicle Larceny Larceny, attempted Larceny from House L~r~eny from person Larceny of Automobile Larceny of Farm Animals Simple Larceny LARCENIES AFTER TRUST Number Percent Embezzlement Larceny Arter .Trust Removal of Mortgaged Property Sale of Mortgaged Property MISUSE OF ANOTHER'S PROPERTY Number Percent Killing Farm Animals Treepaee Using Auto without Owner's Consent Using Horse without Owner's Consent CHEATING AND SWINDLING Number Percent Cheating and Swindling Obtaining Money Under Fales Pretense FORGERY Number Percent Forgery Operating a Slot Machine with Slugs Pereonating Another CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE Number Percent Bribery Embracery Escapes Malpractice by Public Officer Obstructing Legal Process Performance of Police Duties, illegally Perjury Resisting an Officer 6,960 - 2,303 100.0 33.09 640 944 2 510 9.20 13.56 36.06 204 2.93 1.0785 51 0.73 20 0.29 195 2.80 18 0.26 98 94 28 14 586 16 435 114 5,575 24 13 16 44 1 21 16 5 23 4o 3 8 3 1 2 1643 43 2 9 43 321 5 5 4 8 2 6 208 8 99 83 26 38 1,821 4 567 7 62 749 1,937 169 6 63 3 2 40 1 1 1 18 193 18 297 - 119 100.0 4o.07 27 9.09 35 11. 79 70 23.57 17 5.72 11 3. 70 4 1.35 4 1.35 10 3.36 l~ 58 2 79 25 141 27 6 11 37 15 4 6 6 2 6 1 3 3 a 30 13 3 2 7 1 2 1 280 - 123 16 4o 90 7 1 1 100.0 43.93 5.71 14.29 32.14 2.50 0.36 0.36 1 1 0.36 0.35 112 153 27 84 14 ~4 52 38 15 12 2 1 938 100.0 353.5330 82 119 330 8. 74 12. 69 35.18 920 18 32l 82 117 320 2 10 416 - 149 21 36 189 100.0 35.82 5.05 8.65 45.43 365 - 134 13 22 177 49 - 14 8 14 11 2 - 1 1 270 109 28 34 71 100.0 40.37 l0.37 12.59 26.30 6 2 2 217 90 28 25 53 5 2 5 4 19 18 l -22- 1 1 4 8 4 7 2 5 35 3.73 35 12 2.89 11 1 12 4.45 10 1 1 1 9 0.96 9 0.723 2 1 6 2.22 2 4 1 o. 7 75 7 4 0.96 4 4 1.48 3 1 0. 323 1 18 1.92 18 2 0.118 2 4 1.48 3 1 1 2 0.21 2 2 0.74 1 1 TABLE 2 AND PERlOD BETWEEN nocixE?ING DISPOSITION OF CASES RESULTING IN CONVICTIONS (CONT'D) PART TWO - RU-URBAN CRil!ES CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC PEACE Carrying Deadly Weapons Operating Auto while Drunk Rioting Number Percent .'.6 ."...'. 0 o.C Total .+..' ..m..... "'"' ......+'..: NO 4,126 - 1,205 448 601 l,503 100.0 29.21 10.86 14.57 3b.43 185 4..48 1.9719 34 0.82 1,801 2,232 93 550 135 267 698 71 27 15 635 302 321 761 110 52 l!I 20 11 13 44 4 1 OFFENSES RELATED TO SEX Number Percent l,618 178 652 111 588 32 31 6 100.0 11.00 40.30 6.86 36.34 1.98 1.92 0.37 Adultery and Fornication Attempted Beast1ality or Sodomy Bigamy Incest Seduction Sodomy and Beast1al1ty l,527 287 7 31 18 158 642 l 8 l g91 556 l 10 29 2 26 l 5 4 1 2 6 8 12 l 2 8 7 ~ 1 VICE CRIMES Number Percent 5,518 1,610 833 829 14887 173 87 47 100.0 29.17 15.10 15.02 3 .19 3.14 1.58 0.85 Cock Fighting Gambling Lotte!')' Maintaining a Lewd House llalnta1ning an Opium Joint Public Drunkenness Public Indecency .. Using Obscene Language OFFENSES RELATED TO PUBLIC POLICY Number Percent Disturbing Divine Worship Receiving Stolen Property Usury Vagranoy Violation of the Sabbath MALICIOUS MISCHIEF Number Percent 21 1,352 l~~ 14 319 4 15'1 178' 60~ 45 2!1 28 36 ' 9 90 l l -. 15 7 19 9 4 1 9 1 3.1a~ 129 - 1,19~ 617 598 1,110 109 56 37 37 7 10 l~ 13 4 2 12 1 2,377 924 260 . 240 868 46 13 6 100.0 }8.87 l0.94 10.09 36.52 l.94 0.55 0.25 306 110 150 23 19 17 2317 16 32. 9 13 6 4 3 1,942 19 749 217 179 75~ 24 2 3 2 7 3 l 212 100.0- 37.2769 9 36 76 4.25 16.98 35.85 10 4. 72 l o.47 Cruelty to Children and Animals. Firing Woods 118.licious Mischief VIOLATIONS OF THE.PROHIBITION LAW VIOLATIONS OF REGULATORY MEASURES Number Percent Number Percent 3~ 7 2 4 21 3 2 1 1 171 70 6 32 54 7 1 10,894 100.0 ~4~~~ 1.044 9.58 1,671 15.34 4,212 38.66 604 5,55 294 2.70 152 1.40 2,423 100.0 554 22.86 335 13.83 285 11.76 ~l074 ~-33 73 3.01 31 1.28 22 0.91 Barbering without License Defaci'ng Public Property Failure to Pay Occupational Tax Illegal Arrest Interfering with Laborers Peddling without License Practicir.g Profession without License ~eceivir.g Unstamped Tobaccos Violation of Banking Regulations Violation or Common School Laws Violation of County Health Laws Violation of Election Laws Violation of Game Law Violation of Highway Regulations Violation of 1iotor Carrier Laws Violation of Motor Vehicle Law Violation of Professional Bonda.men Act Violation of Security Licen&'<" "'"'"....'0+' 18 0.44 10 8 6 0.37 6 23 o.42 13 2 3 0.13 1 2 88 0.81 7 0.29 l 5 1 0.20 1 193 o.44 "..'........ 0 >< 1.2538 28 25 11 o.68 11 17 0.31 5 11 l 11 0.46 4 7 l 0.47 l 141 1.29 31 1.28 22 1.407 7 6 o.66 o.6~ 2 3 1.34 0.183 3 12 0.22 11 l 6 0.25 l 5 o.a~ l 3 3 4 8 0.88 130 0.30 CRIMES CRIMINAL HOMICIDES TABLE 2 PERIOD BETWEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOSITION OF CASES RESl!L'.I'iW IN CONVICTIONS IN 29 CITY COURTS AND 57 SUPERIOR COURTS OF GEORGIA - - January 1, 1926 - December 31, 1935 PART TllREE - URBAN Number Percent Total ...~".. ~ ..GIA mo "'"' .0.,, .0, .. .... ~ "'"' 0 .",.0.,'.'".."',' ..,, 1! ".,0., 0 l"::S :.,~0" VJ::S .C.\J.... .0, ..! < z ~7 - 121 215 174 261 52 23 g 6 17 lOO.o 13.go 24.52 19.84 29.76 5.93 2.62 0.91 o.6g 1.94 Involuntary Manslaughter Murder Voluntary Manslaughter g3 16 23 20 g 3 2 4 7gg 114 197 148 240 44 20 6 6 13 6 2 3 l CRIMINAL ASSAULTS Number Percent Assault Assault and Battery Assault with Intent to Murder Assault with Intent to Rape Assault with Intent to Rob Blackmail and Extortion Defamation of Virtuous Female Hit and Run Driving Kidnapping Libel Mayhem Peep1r.g Tom Pointing Pistol at Another Rape Shooting at Another Shooting at an occupied Dwelling Stabbing Train Wrecking Wife Beating AR501' Number Percent Ar~on Destroying :-fouEe .,:1th Explosives 6,234 - 3,459 972 792 773 loo.o 55.49 15.59 12.70 12.40 lg 2.163 1,513 110 125 21 l 1+3 18 2 15 13 30 109 211 33 1,227 2 580 9 4 3 1 lzg~ 316 303 230 323 237 320 z~ 7 32 3z 17 21 3 18 20 5 l 19 9 8 6 8 5 2 3 l l 10 4 1 9 3 10 34 21g2 95 15 56 953 111 1 l~ 28 6 4 ~f 4 84 1 l 406 51 61 26 39 13 8 6 6 100.0 33.33 20.51 15.3g 15.39 36 - 13 5 6 6 3 - - 3 111 l.7g 1 23 59 2 4 2 l 50 o.go 114. 17 2 2 16 0.26 2 11 l 2 5 z 1 l l 7 6 l 3 2 1 4 2.57 10.26 1 4 6 0.10 l 3 2 17 0.27 l 11 l l 2 l 1 2.56 l o.g~ 7 31 BURGLARY ROBBERY Number Percent Number Percent 4,897 2,299 860 910 . 693 100.0 46.95 17.56 18.58 14.15 1,720 804 419 256 201 100.0 46.74 24.36 14. 88 11. 69 68 1.39 o.~g 13 0.27 10 0.58 17 0.35 5 0.29 6 0.12 l 0.06 31 0.63 11 0.64 LARCE1'IES Number Percent Breoking, E:r.tering and Stealing Breaking, Entering Vehicle Larceny Larceny, attempted Larceny from House LRrceny from Person Larceny of Automobile Larceny of Farm Anl:nale Simple Larceny LARCENIES AFTER TRUST Number Percent Embezzlement Larceny After Trust Removal of Mortgaged Property Sale of Mortgaged Property ;.'.IS USE OF A~: OTHER' s PROPERTY Number Percent Killing Farm Animals Trespass Using Auto without Owner 1 e Consent Using Horse without Owner 1 e Consent CHF.ATIKG AND SWINDLING Number Percent Cheating and Swindling Obtaining Money Under False Pretense FORGERY Number Percent Forgery Operating a Slot Machine with Slugs Personat1ng Another CRiii.ES AGAI1'ST PUBLIC JUSTICE Number Percent Bribery Embracery Escapes Plalpractice by Pu\,lic Oftioer Obstructing Legal Process Performance or Police Duties, illegally Per Jury Resisting an Officer 16,218 - 11,358 1,556 1,824 1,048 100.0 70.03 9.60 11.25 6.46 346 193 5 25 843 28 2,509 12,ln 266 43 16 16 104 19 26 43 lg 1 l l 6 1 326 12 12z 300 7 81 4 1,61+5 1+07 210 1!11 58 12 4 13 8,928 946 1,254 709 902 456 113 109 155 100.0 50.55 12.53 12.08 17.18 16u5 20 12 405 30 9 99l 3 21 17 79 131 g 5 2 29g 100.0 189 63.42 16.~ 23 7. 72 9 ~l 140 0.86 3 I+ l 36 l 95 34 3. 77 I+ 29 l 4 l. 34 48 0. 30 l l 5 9 l 31 18 2.00 l 17 53 0.33 9 43 7 0.78 7 l 0.34 5 0.03 3 2 0.22 l l o.i~ 166 1.02 l 3 '4 165 6 2 0.67 0.22 5 2 1 4 l 1.34 0.34. 79 219 56 133 11 38 4 19 2Z 2 2 l 3 l 1 1,934 1,216 266 190 165 100.0 62.88 13.75 9.82 8.53 1,908 26 - 1,209 266 181 156 7 9 9 1,074 531 204 202 86 100.0 49.44 18.99 lg.81 8.01 992 499 79 32 3 541 367 100.0 67.84 176 26 2 50 9.24 197 72 5 14 39 69 7.21 12.75 3~ 12 6 5 5 l 2 l 413 327 24 12 48 l l 3 2 l 17 7 1 4 4 53 11 13 11 12 15 7 3 5 -24- 47 2.43 47 31 2.89 29 l l 1.6~ 5 4 32 l.b5 32 5 0.92 1 2 2 4 0.21 4 l 0.19 l O. lg 3 7 0.65 7 8 0.41 7 l 13 1.21 12 l 1 0.19 l O.lg 3 TABLE 2 PERI-OD BETWEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOSITION OF CASES RESULTING IN CONVICTIONS (CONT'D) PART THREE - URBAN CRIMES CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC PEACE Number Percent Carrying Deadly Weapons Operating Auto while Drunk Rioting OFFENSES RELATED TO SEX Number percent Adultery and Fornication Attempted Beastiality or Sodomy Bigamy Incest Seduction Sodomy and Beastiality VICE CRIMJ;:S Number Percent Total 1."1...... 'Q "")"Q"' '"'"' 0 ".0,' .. .-i~ "'"' 0 .' 0 +> m "'"'"'"' C\J .-< m .i:: ".,0., 0 ':s li-,179 100.0 li-9.32 1,213 167 41 lli- l<+.32 1.97 O.li-8 0.17 - 2,37lil,803 599 755 m li-95 716 57 110 lli27 7 7 2 3 7 2 397 96 89 100.0 58.55 lli-.16 13.13 9 1. 33 lj. 0.59 0.7~ 556 352 67 69 7 2 3 26 5 5 7 1 l 2~ 8 9 5 3 l l 4 l 2 l 1 l 1 57 2li- 18 7 s 7,611 - 3,23li- 1,452 1,696 993 148 39 20 100.0 42.49 19.08 22.2s 13.05 1.95 0.51 0.26 Cock Fighting Gambling Lottery llaintaining a Lewd House Maintaining an Opium Joint Public Drunkenness Public Indecency Using Obscene Language OFFENSES RELATED TO PUBLIC POLICY Number Percent Disturbing Divine Worship Receiving Stolen Property Usury Vagrancy Violation of the Sabbath :.:J.LICIO!JS l:ISCHIEF Number Percent Cruelty to Children and Animals Firing Woods Malicious Y.ischief VIOLATIO~'S OF THE PROHIBITION LAW Number Percent VIOI...~TIONS OR RE~ULATORY MEASURES Number Percent Ba.rber1ng witnout License Defacing Public Property Failure to Pay Occupational Tax Illegal.Arrest Interfering with Lliborers Peddling without License Practicing Profession without License Receiving Unstamped Tobaccos Violation of Banking Regulations Violation of Common School Laws Violation of County Health Laws Violation of Election Laws Violation of Game lAw Violation of Highway Regulations Violation of Motor CB.rrler Laws Violation of Motor Vehicle Law Violation ot Professional Bondsmen Act Violation of Securlty License Law Violation of Timber Law 2,li-66 2,074 209 11 2,Gli-9 127 75 1,~t4 lli-5 li-36 706 22 li-71i- 3~~ 316 2~ft 254 2 1,117 lj. 2 86~ 358 92 17 9 15 lli- 10 28 2,952 2,li-80 167 72 188 100.0 84.01 5.66 2.li-li- 6.37 62 3li-8 10 2,510 22 30 10 lli- 8 187 48 19 75 4 2 2 2 2,252 99 7 8 34 101 2 361i- 256 li-8 36 20 100.0 70.33 13.19 9.89 5.50 31 4 18 4 6 3 lj. 329 32li- lj.lj. 30 17 2li-,Oli-7 - 9,380 3,896 5,130 li-,li-85 100.0 39.01 16.20 21.3li- 18.65 2,519 1,154 lj.lj.2 430 381 100.0 45,81 17.54 17.07 15.13 51 12 lj. 12 22 1 1 69 18 19 9 15 12 8 2 2 3 3 16 526 l 3 5 20 2li-2 18 20 1,523 10 1 1 258 119 56 l 3 3 1 l 15 168 l li-2 l 12 14 10 3 2 2 15 l l l 632 2li-8 330 2li-9 9 1 3 l 73 28 l 46 10 13 l 0.28 l 756 3.lli- 62 2.46 2 15 2 26 6 l 5 7 0.24 6 l l 0.27 269 1.12 32 1.27 5 3 1 1 19 3 10 5 5 3 0.10 2 l 1 0.27 1 70 0.29 5 0.20 3 1 l NON-SUPPORT Abandonment Bastardy MISCELLANEOUS CRIMES Felonies Felony, blanket charge FelonyJ miscellaneous Poisoning Well Posseesing B.lrglary Tools Poeseesing Counterfeit Type llisdemeanors Misdemeanor, blanket charge Misdemeanor, miscellaneous TOTAL Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2,107 1,640 145 131 119 100.0 77.84 6.1'18 6.22 5.65 1,584 523 1,246 114 105 67 18 39li- 31 26 52 12 422 210 36 23 llj.lj. l 100.0 li-9.76 8.53 5.45 3li-.12 o.2li- 61i- 18 16 12 12 1 100.0 28.13 25.00 18.75 18.75 1.56 9 13 i 6 l 2 5 1 l 33 l~ 10 11 4 l 3 2 358 192 20 11 132 100.0 53.63 5.59 3.07 36.87 83,906 158 15 10 129 34 5 l 3 li-3,7li-3 12,35113,590 11,101 1,707 100.0 52.13 lli-.72 16.20 13.23 2.03 -25- 15 0.71 10 5 l 0.2li- l 0.28 l 612 0.73 lO 0.47 10 lj. 0.95 lj. 6.25 lj. 2lj.lj. 0.29 m m"., Q) "'":"0:>;rQ<) lj. 0.05 lj. l 0.15 1 10 0.13 l 2 7 3 0.10 2 1 l 0.27 1 20 0.08 6 0.24 1 l 1 1 6 0.29 5 1 2 O.li-7 l 1.56 l 0.28 l 182 0.22 o.4i 28 7 l 0.15 1 11 o.1li- 6 1 4 3 0.27 g 0.03 2 0.08 4 0.19 lj. l 0.24 l 0.28 1 280 0.33 TABLE 3 PERIOD BETWEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOSITION OF CASES RESULTINQ IN AC!"O' "'"' "0 ' ..... "~ ' "'"' ....0 ".0..'..,..., "'"' "';i .o, .s.:: 0 r'\:>! ".0,';.si,:: 0 "':a C\J ..... .<":' .0, .s,:: 0 "':e ."..'. .O,..<",:" s:: C\JO ri:>! ..s<",:::<'>""O"<' 0 :>!C\J "....". .0, ""..,.' "...., O>< < :z; 79 loo.o- 25 31.65 12 15.19 4 17 9 9 5.06 21.52 11.39 11.39 3.so3 Involuntary Manslaughter Murder Voluntary Manslaughter 2 1 1 75 23 12 4 15 9 9 3 2 1 1 CRIMINAi. ASSAULTS Number Percent Assault Assault and Battery Assault with Intent to Murder Assault with Intent to Rape Assault with Intent to Rob Blackmail and Extortion Defamation of Virtuous Female Hit and Run Driving Kidnapping Libel Mayhem Peeping Tom Pointing Pistol at Another Rape Shooting at Another Shooting at an Occupied Dwelling Stabbing Train Wrecking Wife Beating ARSON Number Percent Arson Destroying House with Explosives 4!!6 157 30 51 134 44 24 20 13 13 100.0 32.31 6.17 10.49 27.?7 9.05 4.94 4.12 2.6!! 2 67 -l 5 193 167 66 53 15 g 20 15 61 34 13 21 9 12 125 ! ~ 5 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 r 2 2 1 1 4172 10 2 11 3 5 22 2 3 1 7 1 i 5 1 1 1 2 1 30 14 3 5 4 2 2 5 1 3 17 loo.o 10 5s.s3 1 5.ss l 5 5.ss 29.41 17 10 1 1 5 BURGLARY 'lOBBERY Number Percent Number Percent 95 24 100.0 25.26 6 6.32 1 39 1.05 41.05 9.4S9 9 9.47 5 5.26 2 2.11 21 - 7 100.0 33.33 2 9 9.52 42.s6 14.2 LARCENIES Number Percent Breaking, Entering and Stealing Breaking, Entering Vehicle Larceny Larceny, attempted Larceny from House Larceny from Person Larceny of Automobile Larceny of Farm Animals Simple Larceny LA'lCENIES AFTER TRUST Number Percent Embezzlement Larceny after Trust Removal of Mortgaged Property Sale of Mortgaged Property MISUSE OF ANOTHER'S PROPERTY Number Percent Killing Farm Animals Trespass Using Auto without Owner's Consent Ua1rig Horse without Owner's Consent CHEATING..._ANV SWINDLING Number Percent Cheating and Swindling Obtaining Money under False Pretenee FORGERY Number Percent Forgery Operating a Slot Machine with Slugs Pereonating Another CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE Number Percent Bribery Embracery Escapee Malpractice by Public Officer Obstructing Legal Process Performance of Police Duties, illegally Perjury Resisting an Officer 393 - 113 29 35 115 45 24 15 5 12 loo.o 2s.75 7.3e: s.91 29.26 11.45 6.11 3.s2 1.27 3.05 7 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 1 2 2 45 10 3 2 19 5 2 2 2 2 1 1 20 21 290 ~ S7 24 ~ 25 g 64 307 2 3 17 13 5 2 3 5 61 - 25 5 1 19 5 1 5 100.0 40.9g S.19 1.64 31.15 S.20 1.64 S.20 7 30 11 2 '- 2 12 4 1 9 3 3 1 6 1 2 1 1 13 5 6 2 27 15 2 6 2 1 1 100.0 55.56 7.41 22.22 7.41 3.70 3.70 125 10 ~ 5 2 1 1 1 1 61 - 16 3 4 23 4 2 4 100.0 26.23 4.92 6.55 37.70 6.56 3.2s 6.56 5 8.20 61 16 3 4 23 4 2 4 5 9 - 4 100.0 44.45 7 2 2 2 1 1 1 - 11.11 ll,ll 11.11 1 1 2 22.22 2 11 - 2 2 . 100.0 15.15 lS.16 6 1 l 1 1 1 1 -26- 1 3 9.09 27.2g 1 1 1 1 1 9.09 1 1 1 9.09 9.09 1 1 TABLE 3 PERIOD BETWEEWDOcKBTING-AND DISPOSITION OF CASES RESULTING IN ACQUITTALS (CONT'D) PART ONE - RURAL CRIMES CRI'IES AGAINST PUBLIC PEACE Number Percent Carrying Deadly Weapone Operating Auto while Drunk Rioting OFFENSES RELATED TO SEX Number Percent Adultery and Fornication Attempted 8eaetial1ty or Sodomy Bigamy Ince et Seduction Sodomy and Beaetiality VICE CRIMES Number Percent Cock Fighting Gambling Lottery llaintair.ing a Lewd House Maintaining an Opium Joint Public Drunkenneee Public Indecency Using Obscene Language OFFENSES RELATED TO PUBLIC POLICY Number Percent Disturbing Divine Worehip Receiving Stolen Property Ueury Vagrancy Violation of the Sabbath Total 16S 47 100.0 27.911 103 37 43 9 22 l 32 6 100.0 lS.75 22 4 2 1 7 10 5.95 3 ~ 1 3.13 1 ' ;m:: .0. >s:': 0 I"':!! 10 59 5.95 35.12 4 i 40 lg 2 13 6.25 40.63 2 10 3 16 9.52 9 ~ 1 l "',..., m ;:: .0. >s:': 0 "':!! 9 5.36 4 4 l 2 6.25 l 1 ...."..'. m 0."1 s:: ".-<':0!! 11 6.55 3 3 5 l 3.12 225 65 14 24 67 31 7 9 100.0 2S.S9 6.22 l0.67 29.7g 13.711 3.11 4.00 21 3 2 143 35 2 35 7 66 22 100.0 33.33 44 11 3 19 11 2 6 11 2 15 3 7 10.60 45 2 g 19 211.79 27 4 g 12.12 2 16 7 3 2 2 3 l 5 1 1.52 6 3 3 4.55 3 Y.ALICIOUS MISCHIEF Number Percent Cruelty to Children and Animale Firing Woode Malicioue Miechief VIOLATIONS OF THE PROHIBITION LAW Number Percent VIOLATIO~.s OF REGULATORY MEASURES Number Percent Barbering without License Defacing Public Property Failure to Pay Occupational Tax Illegal Arrest InterferirLg w1 th Laborers Peddling without License ?r~cticing Profession without License Receiving Unstamped Tobaccos Violation of Banking Regulatione Violation of Common School Lawe Violation of County Health Lawe Violation of Election Laws Violation of Game Law Violation of Highway Regulatione Violation of Mvtor Carrier Lawe Violation of Motor Vehicle Law Violation of Profeseional Bondemen Act Violation of Security Licenee Law Violation of Timber Law NON-SUPPORT Number Percent Abandonment Bae tardy MISCELLANSOUS CRIMES Number Percent Felonies Number Percent Felony, blanket charge Felony, miscellaneous Poisoning Well Possessing Burglary Tools Poeeeeeing Counterfeit Type Misdemeanors Number Percent Kiedemeanor, blanket charge Misdemeanor, miscellaneous TOTAL Percent 37 100.0 4 7 4 10.Sl lS.92 10.Sl l 2.70 3 8.10 15 2 2 2 3 l 1 19 l 6 2 552 - 15S 26 3g 197 60 loo.o 2s.62 4. 71 6.ss 35.69 lo.s7 16S 71 5 20 57 7 l 1 100.0 42.26 2.911 11.90 33.93 4.17 0.60 0.59 2 2 l l 3 3 46 2 10 1 3 19 6 17 5 3 3 211 15 100.0 53.57 3 g 1 l l0.72 211.57 3.57 3.57 16 12 7 g 2 5 1 l l 3 155 62 111 100.0 40.00 11.61 5 3.23 10 3 l 100.0 30.00 10.00 2 2 l l 20.00 20.00 10.00 10.00 g 3 l l 1 l 2 l 1 1 145 - 59 17 100.0 40.69 11.72 135 10 5~ 17 2,691 1157 170 100.0 31.115 6.32 -27- 6 36 4.14 24.S2 6 31 5 217 g36 S.06 31.07 7 4.s3 6 l 261 9.70 6 4.14 6 126 4.68 4 2.76 4 104 l 3.12 1 1 0.44 l 1 1.51 l 23 4.17 l 0.59 l 3.235 5 3.45 5 51 ...,..m., O>>Q<) 3 l 79 3 l 3.12 l 7 3.11 5 2 2 3.03 2 8 1.45 5 2.~g 2 5 3.22 5 3.45 5 66 2.45 1. 7g3 3 3 0.11 CRIMES CRIMINAL HOMICIDES TABLE 3 PE.'!IOD BETWEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOSITioN OF CASES-- RESULTI~~ IN_ACQUITTALS IN 29 CITY COURTS AND 57 SUPERIOR COURTS OF GEORGIA - January l, 1~26 - December 31, 1935 PART TWO - 'Ill-URBAN Total ..c:.i:i...... ~""'' G>O --'"' Cl '--" 0 +' .. rt ., "'"' 0 ..."0' +' .. rt ., "'"' "''.c: 0 +' +' "0 r<\:>i "''.c: 0 +' +' "0 '-O:>i .N..... .c: 0 +' +' "0 "':ii .."'rt 11 ~ +' .. +o'.c1=: "0 >< ::i!N NO rt ::ii "rt'+0' N..... O">>".<', < "' Number Percent 174 66 6 19 61 13 5 l l 2 100.0 37.93 3.lt-5 l0.92 35.06 7.lt-7 2.87 0.58 0.57 l.15 Involuntary Manslaughter Murder Voluntary Manslaughter 13 156 d 6 It. lit- 5t 3 9 4 5 1 l 1 1 l l 2 CRIMINAL ASSAULTS Number Percent Assault Assault and Battery Assault w1th Intent to Murder Assault w1th Intent to Rape Assault w1th Intent to Rob Blackma11 and Extort1on Defamat1on of V1rtuous Female H1t and Run Dr1v1ng K1dnapp1ng L1bel Mayhem Peeping Tom Pointing Pistol at Another Rape Shooting at Another Shooting at an Occupied Dwelling Stabbing Tra1n Wreaking Wlte Beat1ng ARS 'JN Number Percent Arson Destnying House with Explos1ves 1,238 - 366 100.0 29.56 49 22 599 169 2~t 76 ll 7 3 2 11 3 l 5 2 21 a1t 9 18 12 2 95 21 lt-5 18 27 - 7 100.0 25.93 27 - 7 97 17lt- llllO 75 26 7 .84 lit-. 05 35. 51t- 6.06 2.10 3 7 13 46 88 219 27 100 lt-0 16 l~ 5 8 l 2 2 1 l 2 6 1 l l 3 3 3 9 5 u 6 l 3 5 2 l l l 2 20 lt-1 6 l 2 lit- 2 1 3 7 6 3 3.70 11.ll 25.93 22.22 ll.11 1 3 7 6 3 26 2.10 l 10 7 l l l 1 3 1 8 0.65 l 2 lt1 25 2.02 2 15 5 l l 1 l 0.08 l B'JR(JLA..C..Y ROEB:1.? Number Percent Number Percent 297 128 100.0 43.10 64 - 27 100.0 42.19 13 35 93 It-. 38 ll. 7g 31. 31 2 It- 2lt- 3.13 6.25 37.50 12 4-.0lt- 5 7.81 1 o.31t- l l.56 lt1.35 11 3.70 1 l.56 LA:tCE:Nii::S Number Percent Breaking, Entering and Stealing ?.reaking, Entering Vehicle LRr:;eny ' ~ar~eny attempted LR.r-~eny fro::n !-louse L::t!'ceny from Person ~arcer.y of Automobile Lhr~eny of Farm Animals S !.mp~e Larceny LARCSNIES AFT~R TRUST Number Percent Embezzlement Larceny aftel" Trust Removal of Mortgaged Property Sale Of Mortgaged Property l"1S1JSE OF ANOTHER'S PROPERTY Number Percent Kill1ng Farm An1mals Treepaes Using Auto w1thout Owner's Consent Using Horse without Owner's Consent CHEATING AND S\fINDLING Number Percent Cheating and Sw1ndl1ng Obtaining Money under False Pretense FORGERY Number Percent Forgery Operating a Slot llach1ne with Slugs Personatlng Another CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE Number Percent Bribery Embracery Escapes Malpractice by Publ1c Officer Obstructing Legal Process Performance of Police Duties, illegally Perjury Resisting an Officer l,109 - 280 100.0 25.25 9 2 8 2 4 2 l 87 31 9 2 45 31 l* 915 216 149 - 32 100.0 21.47 ~l 3 20 40 7 16 2 70 24 100.0 34.28 86 115 lt-32 71 7.76 l0.37 38.96 6.lt-0 2 1 2 l 4 2 1 l 7 36 2 3 2 7 ll 5 l 19 l 67 96 356 62 6.ol l 2 6 llt- 58 9. lt-O 38.93 g 4 9 33 10 1 6 llt9. lt-O 6 6 2 6 10 25 l 8.57 llt-.29 35. 71 1.43 22 f.98 2 20 6.0~ 1 2 lt2 l 1.43 12 l.08 l 11 4 2.68 4 7 0.63 l 6 3 2.01 l l 1 1 l.lt-3 d~ 1 2 71 3-3~ 2 l 2 2 2.86 10 0.90 10 l 0.67 1 lt-0 17 29 7 l 241 - 49 100.0 20.33 239 - 47 2 - 2 47 - 15 100.0 31.95 45 15 2 l 4 14 5 6 10 l 15 27 107 6.23 11.21 44.lt-O 15 27 107 1 2.13 1 1 28 2.13 59.57 l 26 2 1 9.~4 23 2 4.26 2 l 9 3.73 9 6 2.49 6 1 It1.66 It- l l l o.lt-1 1 32 - 12 100.0 37.50 2 1 15 8 1 l 1 9 3 3 -28- 1 8 8 3.13 25.00 25.00 1 l 2 3 1 l 4 l 1 2 l 3.12 1 2 6.25 l l TABLE 3 PERIOD BETWEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOSITION OF CASES RESULTING IN ACQUITTALS (CONT'D) --- PART TWO - RU-URBAN CRIMES CRIMES AGAINST PUB.IC PEACE Number Percent Carrying Deadly Weapons Operating Auto while Drunk Rioting OFFENSES RELATED TO SEX Number Percent Adultery and Fornication Attempted Beaetiality or Sodomy Bigamy Incest Seduction Sodomy and Beaetial1ty VICE CRI'.llES Number Percent Cock Fighting Gambling Lottery Maintaining a Lewd House llaintaining an Opium Joint Public Drunkenness Public Indecency Using Obscene Language OFFENSES RELATED TO PUBLIC POL!CY Number Percent Disturbing Divine worship Receiving Stolen Property Usury Vagrancy Violation of the Sabbath MALICIOU? MISC~IEF Number Percent Cruelty to Children and Animals Firing Woods Malicious Mischief VIOLATIONS OF: THE PROHIBITION LAW Number Percent VIOLATIOl'.S OF REGULATORY MEASURES Number Percent Barbering without License Defacing Public Property Failure to Pay Occupational Tax Illegal Arrest Interfering with Laborers Peddling without License Practicing Profession without License Rece1v1ng Unstamped Tobaccos Violation of Banking Regulations Violation of Common School Laws Violation.of County Health Laws Violation of Election Law Violtion of Game Law Violation of Hifhway Regulations Violation of Uotor Carrier LRws Violation of Motor Vehicle Law Violation of Professional Bondsmen Act Violation of Security License Law Violtion of Timber Law NON-SUPPORT Number Percent Abandonment Bastardy MISCELLANEOUS CRIMES Number Percent Felonies Number Percent Felony, blanket charge Felony, m1aoellaneoue Poisoning Well Poeeeseing atrglary Toole Possessing Counterfeit Type IUedemeanore Number Percent Misdemeanor, blanket charge Misdemeanor, miscellaneous TOTAL Percent Total 0a-. +0> .. "'1l 0 +> ..di' +> "0 "'"' r<>:S N..... ~ . "'0 +> o..: +>~ +> "0 a-.:S NO ..<:>! ....C.\.J....,. Q>aS O>< 3g6 ll6 100.0 30.05 25 6.4g 31 143 s.03 37.05 31 8.03 20 5.18 g 2.07 9 2.33 205 146 35 ~ 12 g 16 l 21 9 1 75 51 17 21 9 1 11 9 4 l 6 1 2 67 15 5 11 21 8 100.0 22.39 7.46 16.42 31.34 11.94 6 l s.96 1.49 53 a.2 4 7 17 7 1 2 2 1 2 5 1 5 1 l 362 100.0 26.~~ 1 2 l l 34- 135 9. 39 37 .29 9.1323 12 3.32 6 1.66 1 0.2S 26 6 7 44- 15 3 2 6 2 6 2 3 2 1 l 191 4 50 12 22 73 15 5 2 2 41 15 7 12 3 4 150 49 6 24 56 5 l l 100.0 32.67 4.oo 16.oo 37.33 5.33 0.67 0.67 1 9 5 3.33 26 2 7 16 2 3 7 3 9 13 6 l 1 2 50 16 1 5 25 2 2 100 3 7 5 11 38 3 2 3 1 100.0 37.00 5.00 11.00 38.00 3.00 2.00 3 00 1.00 4~ 20 2 18 2 1 1 51 14 1 ll 19 1 159 383 100.0 32.21 lOB 441 9.08 37.09 45 30 11 10 3.79 2.52 0.93 0.84 351 102 22 149 11 2 4 100.0 29.06 6.27 42.45 3.13 0.57 1.14 1 1 7 2 4 1 1 7 1 1 2 6 1 20 5 3 B 2 122 37 4 3 2 B l 1 5 ;o l 1 2 165 42 7 11 76 9 1 2 3 2 1 1 121 23 100.0 19.01 10 23 445. 26 19.01 36.36 4.135 7 5.79 6 4.96 1 0.83 2 1.65 89 32 19 5 16 33 4 4 5 l 2 4 5 7 11 1 3 1 2.04 147 47 5 10 67 12 100.0 31.98 3.40 6.50 45.5g 5.16 2.04 18 1 100.0 5,56 1 15 1 5.56 s3.33 5.55 14 1 1 12 1 1 2 1 l 1 1 129 46 100.0 35.66 121 42 g 4 5 3.s7 5 9 52 6.95 4-o.32 5 51 1 1 ll s.53 10 1 3 2.32 3 3 2.32 2 l 6,321 - 1,873 410 6S4 2,377 459 100.0 29.63 6.49 10.S2 37.60 7.26 -29- 180 115 41 170 12 1.82 0.65 2.69 0.19 TABLE 3 CRH!ES CRIMINAL HOl!ICIDES PERIOD BETWEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOSITION OF CASES RESULTING IN AC~UITTALS IN 29 CITY COURTS AND 5.7 SUPERIOR COURTS OF GEORGIA _ . . January 1, 1926 ~ December 31, 1935 PAR'!' THREE - URBAN Total .....cQ.c......)...Q....,.... ..+o.'...m... "'"' 0 "0 ' ...+' .. :;;- "'"' "'"'.c 0 +' +c ' 0 "''* "'11 "',..0.. +c' 0 .N.... .c ... "0 ... 0 "':II ....., . 0 .c +'-= NO ..<::E .. ..c ~ .. +C'>.<. 0 :>IC\/ ....., .0.. "O.~ "''.>~ ...<.. Number Percent 100.0 61 20.00 53 17-37 54 17.70 101 33.11 20 6.56 6 1.97 6 1.97 2 o.66 2 0.66 Involuntary Manslaughter Murder Voluntary Manslaughter 26 27~ 8 53 ~ 2 51 9~ 3 15 6 1 5 2 2 l 1 2 2 CRI!HNAL ASSAULTS Number Percent Assault Assault and Battery Assault with Intent to Murder Assault w1th Intent to Rape Assault 1th Intent to Rob Blackmail and Extortion Defamation of Virtuous Female H1t ar.d Run Dr1v1ng K1dnapp1ng Libel Mayhem Peeping Tom Pointing Pistol at Another Rape Shooting at Another Shooting at an Occupied Dwelling Stabbing Train wrecking W1te Beating ARSON Number Percent Arson ~estroying House with Explosives 1,976 812 357 353 344 100.0 41.09 18.08 17.86 17.41 12 885 462 47- 39 2 4 6 8 1 4 4 19 48 76 15 275 7 2 l l 427 139 157 126 75 106 118 125 14 8 20 22 6 5 3 2 4 1 4 1 1 2 2 1 1 4 4 7 5 18 11 4 3 8 10 28 23 8 10 7 3 3 1 17Q 37 25 32 69 38 9 10 7 25 5 3 5 9 100.0 20.00 12.00 20.00 36.00 24 5 3 5 8 1 1 69 3.49 l 29 20 2 1 l 4 1 7 2 2 8.00 2 20 1.01 4 8 3 1 2 l 4.00 3 5 2 0.15 0.25 0.10 1 1 1 6 2 2 1 2 2 l BURGLARY ROBBE.'lY Number Percent Number Percent 146 157 86 122 100.0 26.119 28.91 15.84 22.47 378 123 108 79 57 100.0 32.54 211.57 20.90 15.08 4.~4 9 2. 38 5 0.92 2 0.53 l 0.16 3 0 55 Number Percent Breaking, Entering and ~.eal1ng Breakin~, Entering Vehicle Larceny' Larceny, attempted Larceny from House Larceny from Person Larceny of Automobile Larceny of Farm Animals Simple Larceny LARCENIES AFTER TRUST Number Percent Embezzlement Larceny after Trust Removal of Mortgaged Property Sale of Mortgaged Property MISUSE OF ANOTHER'S PROPERTY Number Percent Killing Farm Animals Trespass Using Auto without Owner's Consent Using Horse without Owner's Coneent CHEATING AND SWINDLING Number Percent Cheating and Swindling Obtaining Money under False Pretense "0RGERY Number Percent Forgery Operating a Slot Machine with Slugs Personating Another CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE Number Percent Bribery Embracery Escapes Malpractice by Public Officer Obstructing Legal Process ' Performance of Police Duties, illegally ': RPeels'J1usr:tt 1~an Officer 1,847 967 310 256 205 100.0 52.36 16.711 13.97 11 10 48 31 11 2 3 13 3 6 2 9g 20~ 26 1,446 4 1 13 25 27 20 5 2 1 l 35 63 29 37 1 10 11 876 202 187 132 190 108 21 14 20 100.0 56.84 11.05 7.37 l0.52 11 4 2 158 92 17 10 18 13 7 1 2 2 8 5 1 2 59 44 100.0 74.58 6.7~ 11.Sb 60 3.25 1 10 13 1 35 14 7.37 5 8 l 34 1.84 2 4 2.11 4 6 0.43 1 7 6 3.16 6 3 1. 58 3 5 0.27 4 1 20 15 2 l 2 39 29 2 6 2 m 100.0 39.5~5 20.9n1 9.6~0 23.1"7 175 70 37 17 40 2 1 55 4 20 10 12 100.0 7.27 36.36 18.18 21.82 44 19 6 10 11 4 l 4 2 6 3.39 5 1 2 3.64 2 1.6 3 1 0.56 1 6 10.91 6 2 1.13 2 1 ,1.82 1 35 20 7 100.0 57.14 20.00 5 1 2 12 10 2 1 4 1 2 6 4 1 6 ' 2 3 5 11.57 14.29 1 2 1 1 TABLE 3 PERIOD BETWEEN DOCKETING AND DISPOSITION OF CASES RESULTING IN ACQUITTALS (CONT'D) PART THREE - URBAN CRillES CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC PEACE Number Percent Carrying Deadly Weapons Operating Auto while Drunk Rioting OFFENSES RELATED TO SEX Number Percent Adultery and Fornication Attempted Beaat1al1ty or Sodomy Bigamy Inceet Seduction Sodomy and Beaatial1ty VICE CRillES Number Percent Cock Fighting Gambling Lottery lli'lntaining a Lewd House lla1nta1ning an Opium Joint Public Drunkenness Public Indecency Using Obscene Language OFFENSES RELATED TO PUBLIC POLICY Number Percent Disturbing Divine Worship Receiving Stolen Property Usury Vagrancy Violation or the Sabbath MALICIOUS MISCHIEF Number Percent Cruelty to Children and Animals Firing Woods llalicious Mischler VIOLATIONS OF THE PROHIBITION LAW Number Percent VIOLATIONS OF REGULATORY MEASURES Number Percent Barbering without License Defacing Public Property Failure to Pay Occupational Tax Illegal Arrest Interfering with Laborers Peddling without License Practicing Profession without License Receiving Unstamped Tobaccos Violation of Bllnk1ng Re~ulat1on Violation of Common Schoul Laws Violation of County Health Laws Violation or Election Laws Violation or Game Law Violation of Highway Regulations Violation or llotor Carrier Laws Violation of Motor Vehicle Law Violation of Professional Bondsmen Act Violation of Security License Law ViolAtion of Timber Law NON-SUPPORT Number Percent Abandonment Bastardy l!ISCELLAHOUS CRIMES Number Percent Felor:ies Number Percent Felony, blanket charge Felony, miscellaneous Poisoning Well Possessing Burglary Tools Possessing Counterfeit Type Misdemeanors Number Percent Misdemeanor, blanket charge Misdemeanor, m1ecellaneous TOTAL Percent Total 703 - 100.0 295 41.96 5l 0 +' m.... ... al "'"' 132 18.78 0 a\ 0 +'. .... ~ "'"' 113 16.07 128 18.21 23 3.27 N '"'.:l 0 +' +<': 0 a\:S 6 0.85 2 0.29 439 255 217 71 80 52 61 51 ~ 13 10 2 4 2 9 7 l 1 85 100.0 37J~ 15.~~ 27.~~ 12.~~ 1 1.18 66 30 6 19 8 4 2 1 1 ~ 2 l. 1 6 2 2 1 5 3 2 482 100.0 10 4 2.07 0.83 m 34 l 114 10 . 24 255 100.0 1-6 91 2 145 1 65 43 22 41 6 9 160 62.74 8 ~ 1 107 1 20 5~ ~ 2g 21 17 l 1 21 18 29 2 2 7 3 5 24 9.41 27 l0.59 12.1~ 1 5 2 15 12 13 1 7 9 16 91 51 18 9 11 100.0 56.04 19.78 9.89 12.09 21 15 3 l 2 70 36 15 8 9 2,112 - 857 359 263 489 100.0 40.58 17.00 12.45 23.15 273 - 113 51 48 47 100.0 41.39 18.68 17.58 17.22 5 4 1 1 1 11 2 4 1 2 12 12 1 l 1 l 41 9 7 14 7 2 2 2 2 5 l 1 l 2S 10 2 6 10 4 5 ~ l l 153 64 36 25 24 2 4 1 5 6 2 1 1.10 1 4.~ 7 2.57 2 l 4 3 1.18 l 2 40 1.89 3 1.10 2 1 2 1 1.10 1 6 0.29 l 0.36 .132 - 56 33 17 18 100.0 42.42 25.00 12.88 13.64 86 39 23 10 9 46 17 10 7 9 95 66 8 5 11 100.0 69.47 8.42 5.27 11.58 13 2 3 2 5 100.0 15.38 23.08 15.39 38.46 2 2 3 1 2 g 2 3 1 1 4 3.03 2 2 l 2 1.52 1 1 1 0.76 1 82 64 100.0 78.04 3.6~ 6 7.32 75 62 7 2 3 4 2 9,818 - 4,176 1,821 1,490 1,742 100.0 42.53 18.55 15.18 17.74 .~l- 2 2.~ l 1 359 3.66 134 1.36 l 1.22 1 53 0.54 m ,;i~ +' .. "0 >< :SN >...0..0.. 1 0.14 l ....N .. ,O.>.a,l O>< 2 0.29 2 1 1.18 1 1 0.21 1 4 0.19 1.103 2 1 l 0.14 1 1 0.75 1 1 1.22 1