2005 Georgia River Fishing Prospects A publication of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources Wildlife Resources Division Fisheries Management Section Chattooga R. Toccoa R. Blue Ridge Carters Coosawattee R. Oostanaula R. Etowah R. Coosa R. Allattoona Chattahoochee R. Buford Dam Peachtree Cr. Oconee Joe Kurz WMA (UpFplienr)t R. Sinclair New Savannah Bluff Lock and Dam Ogeechee R Savannah R. Oconee R. Ocmulgee R. Ochlockon (eeLoRw.er) Blackshear Flint R. Satilla R. Altamaha R. Suwannee R. St. Marys R. River Page Best Bets in 2005 Office Altamaha ..................2 ...... largemouth bass, flathead catfish, crappie, bream................................ Waycross Chattahoochee..........3 ...... wild and hatchery brown and rainbow trout ........................................ Walton Chattooga .................4 ...... bluegill, redbreast and redear sunfish, striped bass, drum.................... Summerville Coosa........................5 ...... white and largemouth bass, striped bass, catfish, drum ....................... Summerville Coosawattee .............5 ...... channel and blue catfish, bream, striped and spotted bass ................... Summerville Etowah .....................6 ...... bream, catfish, striped bass, freshwater drum ...................................... Summerville Flint ..........................7 ...... shoal bass, redbreast sunfish, catfish, striped and hybrid bass............. Fort Valley or Albany Ochlockonee ............9 ...... redbreast sunfish, Suwannee and largemouth bass, catfish.................. Albany Ocmulgee .................9 ...... redbreast sunfish, bluegill, redear, largemouth bass, flathead catfish .. Waycross Oconee ...................12 ...... flathead catfish, largemouth bass, bream, crappie, white bass............. Waycross Ogeechee................13 ...... redbreast sunfish, bluegill, largemouth bass, catfish............................ Richmond Hill Oostanaula..............13 ...... blue and channel catfish, striped bass, freshwater drum ...................... Summerville Satilla .....................14 ...... redbreast sunfish, bluegill, crappie, bullheads and channel catfish...... Waycross Savannah ................15 ...... bream, white and channel catfish, crappie, largemouth bass ............... Richmond Hill St. Marys ................15 ...... redbreast sunfish, bluegill, largemouth bass ........................................ Waycross Suwannee ...............15 ...... chain and redfin pickerel, warmouth, flier, bullhead ........................... Waycross Toccoa....................16 ...... rainbow and brown trout ...................................................................... Summerville 1 2005 Georgia River Fishing Prospects T here are over 12,000 miles of warmwater streams in Georgia. Following are the 2005 fishing prospects for the Altamaha, Chattahoochee, Chattooga (NW Georgia), Coosa, Coosawattee, Etowah, Flint, Ochlockonee, Ocmulgee, Oconee, Ogeechee, Oostanaula, Satilla, Savannah, St. Marys, Suwannee and Toccoa rivers. These prospects are based on sampling efforts conducted by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife Resources Division (WRD), Fisheries Management Section. Information collected allows Fisheries staff to determine recruitment, growth, condition, sizes, abundance and mortality of important game fishes. We hope this publication will prove useful in planning your fishing trips, as well as inform you about current issues and the status of the fish populations in these rivers. Sampling efforts and the development of this publication are funded through Sport Fish Restoration Funds. WRD encourages anglers to participate in the Georgia Angler Award Program. All sport fish are eligible, but there are minimum weights your fish must meet or exceed. The fish must be legally caught on sport fishing tackle, weighed on scales certified accurate by the Georgia Department of Agriculture in the presence of two witnesses, and be verified to species by WRD Fisheries Management Section staff. Recipients will receive a certificate and an angler award cap embroidered with the year, fish species and weight. Check the WRD website www.gofishgeorgia.com, the current Sport Fishing Regulations, or call a WRD Fisheries Management Section office to learn more about this and other WRD programs. The Georgia Department of Natural Resources routinely tests the tissue of fish collected from rivers and reservoirs across the state. Based on the best scientific information and procedures available, "Guidelines for Eating Fish from Georgia Waters" are developed to help Georgia anglers and their families evaluate the health risks of eating fish from wild populations. To learn more about these guidelines consult the current Sport Fishing Regulations, visit the WRD web site www.gofishgeorgia.com or visit the EPD web site www.dnr.state.ga.us/environmental/fishconsumptionguidelines. Visit the WRD web site at www.gofishgeorgia.com for fishing regulations, to locate a boat ramp in Georgia, to purchase a fishing license, to register a boat, to find a new place to fish and much more! Fisheries Management Section Offices: Albany......... 229-430-4256 Burton ......... 706-947-3112 Calhoun....... 706-624-1161 Gainesville .. 770-535-5498 West Point .......................................... 706-845-4290 Dawson............................................... 229-995-4486 Fort Valley ......................................... 478-825-6151 Richmond Hill ........................... 912-727-2112 Social Circle..........770-918-6418 Summerville..........706-857-3394 Thomson ...............706-595-1619 Waycross ............. 912-285-6094 Abbreviations: COE - U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; DNR - Georgia Department of Natural Resources; WRD - Georgia Wildlife Resources Division; USGS U.S. Geologic Survey; TVA Tennessee Valley Authority; USFS U.S. Forest Service Altamaha River The Altamaha River is a popular destination for bass anglers. Over 30 largemouth bass tournaments are held yearly on the Altamaha River. Comparing bass tournament results on Georgia waters for the last several years shows that this river consistently has one of the highest average catch rates in the state. The relatively high water conditions that persisted throughout most of 2004 and early 2005 should lead to excellent bass fishing this year. High water conditions are beneficial to largemouth bass reproduction and growth. Therefore, anglers should land plenty of "fat and sassy bass" in 2005. Expect to catch mainly small to intermediate sized bass, around 10 to 16 inches, but be ready for an occasional lunker. Oxbow lakes and slack-water areas containing overhanging willows and woody structure are popular fishing locations, especially in the spring. Later in the summer, try fishing eddy pockets, the downstream end of sandbars and heavy cover along the banks. Popular lures include crankbaits, spinnerbaits, plastic worms and lizards. The Altamaha River is one of the premier flathead catfish rivers in the southeast. Many large flathead catfish are thriving in the river. Flatheads are an excellent fish to eat, and unlike channel catfish, the flesh of large flatheads maintains a high quality taste. The high water conditions that were present over the last couple of years caused a rebound in the numbers of flathead catfish in the Altamaha River. Annual samples conducted by WRD showed that the number of flatheads in the river returned to the historical highs that were observed in the mid-90's. The average size of all flathead catfish collected during these samples was just over 4 lb. However, there were many fish well over 30 lb. collected during these samples. All of the fish collected during WRD's annual catfish population sampling on the Altamaha River were measured, weighed and released. Fishing for flatheads begins in early spring and peaks in the hot summer months when the river is well within its banks. The better fishing occurs in deep holes located along the outside bends in the river. An electronic fish finder is useful in locating deep holes and fish. If you are using sporting tackle, a minimum of 30-pound test line is recommended due to the numerous snags in the river and the flatheads' large size (30-50 lb. fish are not uncommon!). Live bait is a must. Large worms (Louisiana pinks), shiners and bream are some of the more popular baits. Set lines or limb lines are also a popular and effective way to harvest flatheads. Most anglers fish limb lines or trot lines overnight using hand-sized bream as bait. Since flatheads are more active at night, depth is not as critical with 2 these gear types. For more information on flathead catfish and fishing tips, obtain a free copy of the "Flathead Catfish Fishing Guide" from any WRD Fisheries Section office. Flatheads are prevalent throughout the river, but the highest densities of flatheads are found between Jaycees Landing (river mile 67) and Altamaha Park (river mile 30). The crappie population has remained relatively stable over the past several years so angler success will be similar to 2004. The oxbow lakes that lie between U.S. Hwy. 84 and the Seaboard Railroad offer some of the better crappie fishing opportunities. Historically, the Altamaha River has been known for its outstanding bream fishery. Last spring and summer's high water levels hindered bream angling efforts in the Altamaha, resulting in a lower number of bream harvested in 2004. However, high water conditions should result in a substantial increase in the number of keeper-size redbreast available to anglers in 2005. This winter, the Altamaha has remained relatively high providing favorable conditions for over-winter growth, which should further enhance the numbers of quality redbreast present in 2005. Deep holes with cover along the main river channel are some of the more productive fishing areas for this species. Redbreast can be caught using both live bait and artificial lures. Some of the more popular live bait tactics are fishing crickets and worms under bobbers or fishing them on the bottom with split-shot weights. Small beetle spins, inline spinners, and popping bugs (on a fly rod) are effective artificial lures for enticing redbreast sunfish to strike. Due to the high water levels that persisted throughout 2004, anglers should reel in plenty of quality bluegill and shellcracker in 2005. Try fishing for these two species in the still-water (oxbow) lakes off the main river channel. Bluegill and redear fishing picks up in late April when they begin bedding and continues throughout the summer. Overall, it should be another good year for bream fishing with an abundance of quality-sized fish. Bluegill and redear sunfish can be harvested using the same methods as described for redbreast sunfish, but slower moving water is typically more productive. A free guide to fishing the Altamaha River is available. It contains a map, access sites, and helpful fishing tips from any WRD Fisheries Management Office. Chattahoochee River (Buford Dam to Peachtree Creek) Many people are unaware that in addition to supplying nearly 70 percent of metro Atlanta's drinking water, the 48-mile stretch of the Chattahoochee River downstream of Buford Dam contains a world-class fishery for both brown and rainbow trout. The current state record brown trout weighing an impressive 18 lb. 6 oz. was caught from the Chattahoochee. The river is heavily stocked with hatchery raised nine-inch rainbow and brown trout. About 80 percent of the stocked trout are rainbows. More than 38 percent of the brown trout and approximately 3 percent of the rainbow trout are wild fish spawned in the river. In addition to offering some of the best trout fishing in North Georgia, the Chattahoochee also supports numerous other fish species including yellow perch, shoal bass, largemouth bass, chain pickerel, bream, catfish and crappie. Trout water begins at the base of Buford Dam where cold, clear water flows from the bottom of Lake Lanier. Buford Dam is a peaking hydropower facility, which means it can release water at any time. Water levels can fluctuate as much as 4-8 feet, so before you start any fishing trip call 770-945-1466 for information on the water release schedule at Buford Dam (or visit their web site http://water.sam.usace.army.mil). Call 404329-1455 for the water release schedule at Morgan Falls Dam. Since the upper section is subject to the rapid rise of water, a personal flotation device must be worn at all times from Buford Dam to Georgia Hwy. 20. Trout waters can be broken down into two distinct reaches. The first is from Buford Dam to GA 400. Water temperatures are normally 50-65F year-round, so anglers should plan to wear insulated waders to protect against hypothermia. There are 19 county and federally maintained public access points offering bank access, wading and boating opportunities. Boaters should be cautioned that the river is relatively shallow and rocky during low flow conditions and passage upstream to Buford Dam is limited to shallow drafting boats with jet motors. There is an artificial lures only section between the Georgia 20 bridge and the Medlock Bridge Park boat ramp. An artificial lure is defined as any lure that is either man-made or made of a natural substance (such as wood or cork), which is not scented or which does not contain chemical attractants. River conditions, water flow and water clarity affect fishing success on the river. Fish the river during low flows for best success. The river can become very turbid or muddy after rains. Bait fishing is successful in turbid water. Spin and fly anglers have good results with in-line spinners. For fly-fishing, 8 to 9-foot rods for 5 to 6 weight forward floating and/or sinking tip lines are recommended. Small nymphs and flies work well. Popular flies for this area include a No. 10 or No. 12 brown or black bead-head wooly bugger or a No. 14 bead-head Prince Nymph. When trout aren't responding, try a dropper rig with flies like a No. 16 Elk Hare Caddis with a No. 14 bead-head Prince Nymph as the dropper. Cast upstream across the current in runs for rainbows and near logs and overhangs for browns. Five-to-seven foot long rods with 4 - 6 lb. test line are ideal for spin fishing. Consider using 1/8 oz. inline spinners in brown, green or yellow. Minnow imitators, in size 3-5 inch with perch, rainbow trout, gold or silver patterns also are popular. The second reach extends from Morgan Falls Dam to Peachtree Creek. The habitat in these 12 miles of river is much wider and shallower than the reach below Buford Dam. As a result, water levels do not fluctuate as much. Storm flows can still make this reach unwadeable at times, so plan on calling 404-329-1455 for river conditions before going fishing. This reach once was considered a world-class trout fishery, but several factors including increased impervious surfaces (roads, parking lots, roofs) in the watershed, siltation, and changes in releases from Buford Dam have caused water temperatures to at times rise above that acceptable for trout. The number of trout that survive in the river declines during the warm weather months (May through October). However, some trout do survive the warm water periods so don't cross this part of the river off your list! Fishing the Delayed Harvest section from Sope Creek (off Columns Drive) downstream to U.S. Hwy. 41 has become very popular with anglers. Anglers must release all trout immediately and use and possess only artificial lures with single hooks from November 1 through May 14 annually. Anglers can keep trout and use natural bait from May -3- 15 through October 31 (see Delayed Harvest Regulations) Anglers fishing for species other than trout must abide by the artificial lure only regulation while fishing in the delayed harvest section. For fly fishing, consider a Parachute Adams in a No. 18-22. A black or olive wooly bugger seems to work well when fish are picky. Bead Head Prince, Hares Ear and Pheasant Tail flies in No. 14-18 also work well. During an insect hatch, a small Blue Wing Olive or Griffiths Gnat in a No. 18-22 may be a better choice. WRD stocks 50,000 brown and rainbow trout in this section each year. Stocked trout range in size from 9-22 inches. Winter fishing in the river upstream of the Delayed Harvest section between Morgan Falls Dam and Sope Creek can be very productive for yellow perch, largemouth bass and chain pickerel. The best days are sunny with low, clear water at 4555 oF. Look for blowdown trees in the sun with a deep hole on the downstream side. Cast minnows or worms in the hole with a drop-shot rig and wait. Let the fish take the bait then start reeling. Use extra tough line as chain pickerel up to 28 inches have been caught! WRD recently initiated a project to restore shoal bass downstream of Morgan Falls Dam. The Chattahoochee River below Morgan Falls Dam has extensive shoal habitat and likely sustained a healthy shoal bass population prior to construction of Lake Lanier in 1958. A small population of shoal bass still exists in the river below Morgan Falls Dam. A five-year stocking program began in 2003 with the stocking of shoal bass fingerlings. A total of 92,000 shoal bass fingerlings were stocked the first two years of the program. Survival and growth of these fish will be monitored over the next five years to assess the success of these stockings. The goal is to restore this native fish to historical population levels, which will provide additional sport fishing to metropolitan Atlanta anglers. Shoal bass are a challenging and exciting fish on both fly-fishing and spin fishing gear and will grow to several pounds. Keep your eyes on this developing fishery! Large striped bass are present in the river below Morgan Falls during the summer months. In addition, there are largemouth bass, chain pickerel, black crappie, yellow perch, spotted bass, bluegill, and redear sunfish (shellcracker) in the slower moving stretches all along the river. The National Park Service has started the process of developing the General Management Plan that will guide the management of Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area (CRNRA) over the next 15-20 years. Anyone interested in the future management of the CRNRA should keep informed by visiting the National Park Service website and by providing comments when the revised GMP is out for review. Printed maps of the Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area are available by calling 770-918-6418. A downloadable version is available online at the National Park Service website at www.nps.gov . Chattooga River (Chattooga County) The Chattooga River is a tributary of Weiss Reservoir. The river originates just south of the City of Lafayette and meanders approximately 51 miles southwest through Walker and Chattooga counties, Georgia. A narrow river channel with numerous hazards makes the Chattooga River best navigated by canoe or small boat. Access to the river is limited to bridge crossings and an undeveloped ramp in Gaylesville, Alabama. Larger prop and/or jet boats can navigate the lower portion of the river below state Hwy. 27, but extreme caution should be exercised. The upper portion of the river is wadeable to anglers at bridge crossings and to those gaining landowner permission to cross private holdings. Bream dominate the Chattooga River fishery. Bluegill, redbreast and redear sunfish call the entire length of the Chattooga River home. Redbreast are more abundant in the upper reaches of the river, while bluegill dominate the lower river reaches. Bream 5-8 inches are common with some slabs topping 10 inches in length. Low fishing pressure likely has contributed to an abundance of these larger sunfish. Skilled anglers will target deep pools, log-jams, and undercut banks in search of these pan fryers. During the early summer these fish will bed in slack areas along the shore, behind debris, and on the downstream side of sandbars. When it comes to artificial baits, small is the key. Small spinners and natural crawfish imitations, along with crickets and worms will all produce fish. In contrast to the bream fishery, the Chattooga River black bass fishery is relatively poor. Redeye, largemouth and spotted bass can be found throughout the river, with redeye being more common in the upper reaches of the system. Spotted bass are the most dominate black bass species. Largemouth are present, but are much less common. Most bass will be small and generally well under a pound in size. The largest individuals will be captured nearest to where the river enters Lake Weiss. A modest catfish population can be found in the Chattooga River. Flatheads and blues are present, but they are greatly outnumbered by channel catfish. Channel cats are generally under a pound with few fish tipping the scales at two pounds. These speckled cats most often are located in moderately deep flowing habitats, especially those found in the outside river bends. With the approach of spring, white bass will migrate into the lower Chattooga River. Spawning runs will peak in March and April as fish stack up around creek mouths in the river. White bass fisherman will likely find most of these spawn-run fish in the lower sections of the river below the Lyerly Dam area. The white bass bite will slow into May and become nonexistent as the fish return to Weiss Reservoir with the approach of summer. Small jigs and crankbaits are favored lure choices for these "mini-linesides". Like the white bass, the larger striped bass move into the Chattooga River during the spring months. However, unlike the white bass, stripers stay the summer searching for cool water refuges from which to spend the summer heat. Linesides from 1-25 pounds can be caught in the Chattooga River, though the average fish will near 6-7 pounds. Live gizzard shad or cut bait are an angler's best bet, but aggressive stripers will hit shad imitations and top water plugs under the right conditions. More important than bait choice is fishing the right locality. Stripers congregate in large numbers in spring-fed pools, especially around tree canopies and log jams on the outside river bends and in the mouths of cool water tributaries. Flowing water near cover is key to catching one of these skinny water monsters. Carp, drum, suckers and a number of redhorse species can be found in the river. Freshwater drum average slightly better than 12 inches in length, and a fair number of larger (17+ -4- inches) humpbacks are present. The largest drum concentrate in the "runs" of the river. These runs are generally 2-3 feet in depth at normal flows and can be characterized as having relatively swift flows. Runs along undercut banks and fallen trees are ideal places to catch drum. Small jigs fished along the bottom, crayfish, cut mussels, and shrimp are all good bets for boating these unique fish. Coosa River The Coosa River flows 30.4 miles west-southwest from Rome, Georgia entering Lake Weiss at the Alabama state line. Four concrete boat ramps on the river offer boaters easy access to the upper, middle, and lower portions of the river. The river is navigable by prop-boat over most of its length, though care is needed, as floating debris is commonplace on the river. The historical Mayo Lock and Dam, located approximately 7.1 miles downstream from Rome, is impassable to all but canoeists. From late February through early April, white bass pile up in the Coosa River as they make their annual spawning run from Lake Weiss. The river section between the River Road boat ramp near Coosa upstream to the Mayo Lock and Dam Park is "Prime A" territory for catching spawn run white bass. Males will typically be lb. and show up on the spawning ground first, while egg-laden females in the 1-2 lb. range show up later in the season. Key in on creek mouths and fallen trees with good water flow around them in the main river. Hungry white bass congregate in these areas waiting on food to pass by on the current. Anglers targeting white bass should try casting small jigs and crankbaits in shad patterns or use live bait. Most likely, anglers will catch a mixed bag of white bass and crappie using these techniques. The Coosa River is home to one of only a handful of naturally reproducing land-locked striped bass populations in the world. The average Coosa striper is 5-6 lb., but linesides exceeding 30 lb. are often caught during the spring spawning run in the area from the Mayo Lock and Dam upriver to Rome. Live or cut shad is the most popular bait, but a few stripers are fooled using artificial lures such as bucktail jigs, shad colored crankbaits and large jerkbaits fished in swift water near fallen trees. After the spawn, stripers disperse all over the Coosa River basin in search of cool waters to beat the summer heat. These fish can be found hiding wherever there is cool water in the rivers and smaller tributaries of the Coosa River. When cooler fall temperatures arrive, stripers will begin moving back toward the main lake where anglers can find them chasing shad on the main river. From mid to late winter, the lower sections of the Coosa River into Lake Weiss are good bets to find some winter striper action. Largemouth bass predominate, but spotted bass up to 4 lb. occur in fair numbers around the main river's bluff banks and creek mouths. To take advantage of an excellent largemouth bass fishery, anglers must move into the sloughs and backwaters off the main stem of the Coosa River. Areas like Brushy Branch (Big Cedar Creek), Kings Creek, and Mt. Hope Creek hold plenty of largemouth, but these stump-laden waters must be boated with care. The average "bucketmouth" will weigh 1-2 lb., with larger individuals topping the 7-8 lb. range. Blue, channel and flathead catfish of all sizes are abundant. The larger blue catfish can top 50 lb. Fish for these whiskered behemoths in and around log jams common along the river. Cats can be taken with a number of unsavory baits, but anglers should keep in mind most "trophy" cats are after live prey such as shad or bream. Freshwater drum, smallmouth buffalo, gar and suckers are abundant in the Coosa. The average drum is slightly over 12 inches, but be prepared to hook into some bull drum over 20 inches in length. Bluegill, redbreast sunfish and redear sunfish round out the fishing opportunity in the Coosa River. A few anglers may encounter an odd-looking fish they have never seen before in the Coosa River or its tributaries. The lake sturgeon, once a resident of the Coosa River system, disappeared in the 1960s. Pollution and over-fishing are believed to have eliminated these archaic fishes from the river system. Thankfully since then, water conditions have improved in the river and WRD has begun to re-stock lake sturgeon in an effort to reestablish this native fish. Since their first stocking in 2002 more than 28,000 sturgeon fingerlings have been released in the Coosa basin. This long-term reintroduction project will require annual stockings over the next 15 to 20 years to reestablish this native fish. The species grows slowly and does not mature for 12-15 years so it is important to protect them from harvest until they can reproduce and once again support some limited harvest. Anglers accidentally catching a lake sturgeon should immediately release the fish unharmed. Fish hooked deep will often survive if anglers cut the line near the hook and release the fish with the hook. If you catch a sturgeon, please contact one of the following Georgia WRD Fisheries Management Offices to report the location from which the sturgeon was caught (706) 624-1161 or (706) 8573394). Such "sightings" are very helpful to biologists trying to assess the survival and dispersal of these magnificent fish. Those wondering what impact sturgeon will have on their favorite game species can rest easy. Because of its low reproductive potential, the fish does not establish itself as a prominent species making its impacts negligible. In fact, the species poor reproductive potential has caused the species to be listed as rare or endangered throughout most of its original range. Coosawattee River (Below Carters Dam) The lower Coosawattee River extends approximately 25 miles from Carters Reservoir to its confluence with the Conasauga River northeast of Calhoun, Georgia. Public boat access is limited, but anglers prepared for an all day outing can float from the small boat portage at Carters dam to the only public ramp at Hwy. 225 near Calhoun in a solid day's time. Navigation is relatively easy over the entire river, but care must be given to avoid several shallow shoals and the tree-falls in the river. In addition, water levels can change abruptly during periods of water release at Carters dam. Daily generation schedules for the dam can be obtained by contacting the COE at Carters Reservoir at (706) 3334-2248. Catfish are extremely abundant in the waters of the lower Coosawattee River. Channel and blue cats dominate, with flatheads being far less common, and generally found in the extreme lower portion of the river near Calhoun. Channels and blues are found throughout the river, however blue cat numbers tend to increase going downstream. Anglers tossing chicken liver and cut bait below shoals, undercut banks, and log-jams -5- will catch fish, but most "bragging cats" will hold out for live offerings such as bream or shad. The average channel cat will run about lb., while the average blue will near 1 lb. These "deep fryers" are numerous and anglers are encouraged to harvest fish in this size range. Harvesting average size fish will help improve growth rates of those remaining, resulting in larger cats for the future. A number of bream species call the Coosawattee home, but bluegill and redbreasts by far are most numerous. Both are found in good numbers throughout the river, but they are most abundant in the three-mile river stretch below Carters dam. The average fish will be 5-6 inches, but plenty of 7-9 inch fish are swimming these waters. Crickets, worms and small artificials, fished in areas of deep slack water behind river obstacles, root wads and tree-falls are all potential hangouts for these species. Three species of black bass patrol the Coosawattee River, with spotted bass dominating more than 50 percent of the group, followed by redeye and largemouth bass. The spot fishery is better than most large rivers in the immediate area, affording anglers the opportunity to catch a fair number of spots in an outing. Coupled with good numbers, spotted bass up to six pounds may stretch lines in and around the numerous log-jams and deep pools found in the river. Redeye bass are smaller than spots, but what they lack in size they make up for in aggressiveness and power. Most redeye will be under a pound, which is typical for the species. However, anglers hooking into large redeye with light spinning tackle will have their hands full. Largemouth are generally rare in the river as would be expected given habitat more suited for the previously discussed bass species. Nevertheless, a few "bucket-mouths" can nicely round out an angler's day on the water. Striped bass inhabit the Coosawattee River, especially during the summer and early fall months when they are seeking cool water to beat the summer heat. Stripers will generally range in size from 1 - 30 lb., with the average lineside tipping scales in the 5-6 pound range. Most striper fishing is done in the river below Carters dam. However, fish can be found in deep holes or in the mouths of feeder creeks throughout the river. Since striped bass feed heavily on shad, live or cut shad is key, though artificials have their place on the river. The Coosawattee is once again home to a sportfish species that disappeared from the river nearly 40 years ago. Since 2002, 28,000 plus lake sturgeon have been re-introduced to the Coosawattee and surrounding rivers in the greater Coosa River basin. Pollution and overfishing are believed to have eliminated most of these archaic fishes from the river system in the 1960's. Thankfully since then, water conditions have improved in the river. Through long-term annual stocking it is hoped the species will reclaim much of its historic inhabitance within the river. The species grows slowly and does not mature for 12-15 years so it is important to protect them from harvest until they can reproduce and once again support some angler harvest. Anglers accidentally catching a lake sturgeon should immediately release the fish unharmed. Fish hooked deep will often survive if anglers will cut the line near the hook and release the fish with the hook. If you catch a sturgeon, please contact the Calhoun (ph# 706-624-1161) or Summerville (ph# 706-857-3394) WRD Fisheries Management Offices to report the location from which the sturgeon was caught. Such "sightings" help assess the status of these magnificent fish. Rounding out the Coosawattee fishing experience, is a host of fish species often overlooked by anglers. Suckers, redhorse, carp and freshwater drum are found throughout the river in large numbers. In fact, freshwater drum is one of the most abundant fish found in the river. These silver, hump-backed fish range in size from just a few inches to over 20 inches in length, with an average size of 11 inches. While abundant throughout the river, the few hundred-yard stretch below Carters dam is a hot bed for drum. The species prefers moderately deep flowing river sections in which to feed. Small jigs bumped along these areas, live crawfish, cut mussels, worms, and shrimp fished on the bottom are an angler's best approach to drumming up one of these unique fishes. Lower Etowah River (Below Allatoona Reservoir) The lower Etowah River extends nearly 49 miles from the Lake Allatoona Dam downstream to Rome, Georgia. Water flow in the Etowah is greatly influenced by water releases from Allatoona Dam. During dam operation the waters of the Etowah can rise as much as 3-4 feet in a short period, creating sometimes dangerous boating conditions. The water release schedule is variable, however information about the weekly generating schedule can be obtained from the COE at (678) 721-6700. Access is limited to portages at bridge crossings. The lower stretch of river is boat accessible from the concrete ramp at Heritage Park in Rome. Boaters should use extreme caution as fluctuating water levels and rocky shoals throughout the river make boating a challenge. Bluegill, redbreast and redear sunfish dominate the Etowah River bream fishery. The average fish approaches six inches with nicer fish in the 7-8 inch range present. Sunfish numbers are greatest in the river above State Hwy. 411. Fallen trees and log-jams are the key if anglers want to catch these species in numbers. Small jigs and spinners work, but live bait is probably an angler's best approach for catching "dinner" numbers of these fish. Do not overlook the "whiskered" resources of the lower Etowah River. Catfish offer anglers one of the best angling opportunities in the area. Channels, blues and flatheads all call the Etowah home. Channel catfish are more abundant than blues and flatheads, but what the blue cat lacks in numbers it more than makes up for in size. The average blue tips the scales at nearly 3 lb., with 8-10 pounders being commonplace. More exciting, blue cats over 40 pounds in size are caught every year from the lower Etowah. These aren't your typical chicken liver cats. Though this approach will boat catfish, the trophy individuals will hold out for offerings of live or cut shad. Hunt these behemoths in the Etowah's deep flowing pools, especially those associated with some type of structure. Striped bass are the lower Etowah's crown jewel for fisherman. Stripers move into the Etowah in April and reside there through October. The average fish will be 6-7 pounds with "pole-benders" approaching 30 lb. lurking in the depths. These fish congregate in the numerous coldwater refuges the Etowah offers during the summer heat. Good concentrations of stripers can be found in the river above and below State Hwy. 411. Stripers are best fished from a small boat, as public access is limited. Live bait is key, though artificials have their place on the river. Anglers throwing surface lures at dawn and dusk may be rewarded with some awe inspiring surface strikes. -6- Three black bass species can be found over the length of the Etowah, with spotted bass comprising 81 percent of the population. Largemouth and redeye bass make up the difference. Overall the black bass population would be characterized as "fair". The bulk of the population is made up of fish less than 12 inches, however spots to 20 inches can be found. The largest spots often are boated using live bait fish in deep water. Work baits near cover, especially cover associated with deep flowing water. This approach may also land the occasional striper. Smallmouth buffalo, freshwater drum, and several sucker and redhorse species can be found in the Etowah. Buffalo and drum are two of the most abundant fish species residing in the river. Anglers often ignore freshwater drum, nevertheless these hard fighters offer a unique angling opportunity. Atop large numbers of 12-inch fish, the Etowah produces some extremely large "humpbacks". Drum over 20 inches can be found in the best river habitats. These bottom feeders will concentrate in the runs of the river. Water 2-3 foot deep moving at a good clip will hold the greatest number and largest drum. Small jigs bumped along these areas, live crawfish, cut mussels, and shrimp fished on the bottom will entice a strike. Some of the best drum water can be found in the mile or two stretch of river above Hwy. 1 (Rome Loop). The Etowah is once again home to a sportfish species that disappeared from the river nearly 40 years ago. Since 2002, 28,000 plus lake sturgeon have been re-introduced to the Etowah River and other rivers in the greater Coosa River basin. Pollution and overfishing are believed to have eliminated most of these archaic fishes from the river system in the 1960's. Thankfully since then, water conditions have improved in the river. Through long-term annual stocking it is hoped the species will reclaim much of its historic inhabitance within the river. The species grows slowly and does not mature for 12-15 years so it is important to protect them from harvest until they can reproduce and once again support some angler harvest. Anglers accidentally catching a lake sturgeon should immediately release the fish unharmed. Fish hooked deep will often survive if anglers will cut the line near the hook and release the fish with the hook. If you catch a sturgeon, please contact the Calhoun (ph# 706-624-1161) or Summerville (ph# 706-857-3394) WRD Fisheries Management Offices to report the location from which the sturgeon was caught. Such "sightings" help biologists assess the survival of these magnificent fish. Flint River (upper) The upper Flint River is one of Georgia's most treasured natural resources and home to a unique and productive sport fishery. The scenic qualities of the Flint River provide an opportunity to combine fishing with an experience of natural beauty that few rivers in the southeast can surpass, and all only a short drive from Atlanta, Macon or Columbus. The upper sections are especially suitable to the canoe and kayak float trips that are increasingly popular with all age groups. Although it is fair to say that the upper Flint River has been "discovered," at times of the year you can still have this river almost to yourself. The Flint River originates near the bustle of HartsfieldJackson International Airport, but the noise rapidly subsides as the stream winds south, passing west of Griffin before flowing along the eastern edge of Joe Kurz WMA. Conditions permitting, the river is navigable by canoe as far north as Woolsey, but the section between Joe Kurz WMA and Atlanta receives little fishing pressure due to limited access, shallow water and obstructions such as fallen trees and a low head dam just below Hwy. 92. Within this section, however, those with access and determination may be rewarded with some good redbreast fishing and the occasional shoal bass or largemouth bass. From the first major public access at Joe Kurz WMA, the river flows 27 river miles through a series of major rapids and shoals interspersed with slow moving flatwater sections, and even past "mountains" up to 1,200 feet before reaching Sprewell Bluff State Park. From Sprewell Bluff the river's untamed and scenic character continues for another 37 river miles, passing Big Lazer Creek WMA before crossing the Fall Line in the vicinity of Hwy. 128 near the town of Roberta. At this point the river becomes a sandy, meandering stream with only occasional rock outcrops. It continues for another 63 river miles before entering Lake Blackshear, the first of three impoundments along the river's length. The entire 128-river mile reach of the Flint River from Joe Kurz WMA to Lake Blackshear provides excellent fishing, but many anglers prefer the upper Piedmont section from Joe Kurz WMA to around Hwy. 128, because of its scenic qualities and numerous shoals found there. A favorite technique involves floating or motoring to a major shoal and then wade-fishing the pools and swift runs with spinning tackle or fly rod. These shoals are the favored habitat of the aptly named shoal bass and this is by far the most popular species among Flint River anglers. Local names for notable fishing shoals include Waddell, Dripping Rock, Goat Mountain, Pasley, Sprewell Bluff, Owens, Yellow Jacket, Hightower, Daniels and Snipes. Although most of these shoals are easily navigated by canoe, occasional whitewater near the Class III level requires caution, especially in the area between Sprewell Bluff and Po Biddy Road. Major access points in the Piedmont section of the Flint River are at Joe Kurz WMA, Hwy. 18, Sprewell Bluff State Park, Hwy. 36, Po Biddy Road, Hwy. 80 and Hwy. 128. WRD recently has constructed new boat ramp facilities at both Joe Kurz WMA and Hwy. 128. Shoal bass are the signature species of the Flint River. They resemble smallmouth bass but are actually a completely unique species native only to the Flint and Chattahoochee rivers and their major tributaries, as well as in the Chipola and Apalachicola rivers of northwest Florida. They were stocked into the Ocmulgee River, Georgia in the 1980's. Shoal bass can reach weights of over eight pounds and are an exciting challenge in the swift water. Most people use light to medium action spinning gear since most shoal bass caught in the Piedmont section of the Flint River will be in the 11 13 inch range, but you should always be prepared for the 17 - 20 inch tackle buster. A shoal bass weighing seven pounds, five ounces was caught in the Flint River in 2004. Shoal bass can be caught on a wide variety of lures, and some of the favorites are small swimming minnows, spinner baits, top water poppers, and Texas-rigged worms and lizards. Wading the shoals is particularly suited to fly-fishing. Just bring your six to eight weight bass or trout rod and plenty of -7- wooly buggers and poppers. A bronze flash will often follow a cast into the clear runs and pools as a shoal bass strikes your lure or fly. All serious Georgia anglers should experience this truly unique fishery. Unusually high spring and summer flows limited fishing opportunities in the upper Flint River in 2004 and the reduced fishing pressure should mean above average shoal bass abundance in 2005. Although you can catch shoal bass in the Flint River year-round, the best months are May - June followed by the September - November period. On a good day you can expect to catch over 20 shoal bass. Please remember that any Flint River shoal bass less than 12 inches must be released and the practice of catch and release is generally encouraged. Shoal bass may win the popularity contest, but redbreast sunfish remain the favorite of many. These colorful little fighters are fun to catch on ultra light gear and are excellent eating. Since they are found in the same areas as shoal bass it is easy to target both species on the same trip. In addition to the shoals area, redbreast also are found along the banks around snags in moderate to slack current. Favorite lures are very small spinners such as inline spinners, small curly-tail grubs with spinners, beetle spins and the smallest crank baits. Crickets may at times produce better than artificial lures. Fly fishermen should bring small poppers and wet flies that resemble spiders or caterpillars. The Flint River is noted for its hand-size redbreast and you can expect about 30 percent to be in the 6-7 inch class. Although seldom specifically targeted, largemouth bass, bluegill, shellcracker and crappie are common in the Piedmont section of the Flint River. These species typically are found in slack water areas and rarely will be caught in the shoals. Fishing for these species requires a boat and the best method is drift fishing in slack water areas, casting deep into snags along the bank with the same tackle used for these species in lakes and ponds. The result can be a relaxing and often productive day of fishing. Catfish round out the angling picture on the Flint River and both channel and flathead catfish are popular. Many catfish anglers use set hooks or trotlines, but both species can be caught with rod and reel as well. Channel catfish are most abundant in deeper areas around shoals and in deeper river bends, particularly near snags. Preferred baits are earthworms, prepared baits, liver, catalpa worms and crayfish. Flathead catfish are abundant in the Piedmont, but generally are smaller than in Coastal Plain areas below Hwy. 128. Regardless of location or method, you must use live bait to catch flatheads. Most flathead fishermen use live bream, but large minnows, shad or even small catfish will also produce some success. Flatheads always are most abundant in deeper river bends around snags and patience is required since they seem to feed actively for only short periods during the day. Flathead catfish can reach over 40 lb. in the Flint River and stout gear is required to keep the powerful fish out of the snags where they hide and ambush their prey. The character of the Flint River is altered dramatically after it passes over the Fall Line in the vicinity of Hwy. 128. Bottom substrate changes from the diverse mixture of sand, bedrock, boulders, gravel and cobble of the Piedmont to predominantly sand with only occasional boulders and gravel deposits. The river channel also begins to meander creating the typical pattern of steep, eroded banks that alternate with sand point bars and willow thickets. A few small oxbows also are found along the river in the upper Coastal Plain. The character of the fish community is altered by these habitat changes. It often is assumed that the shoal bass population declines as shoal habitat disappears below the Fall Line. However, data indicates that shoal bass may currently be almost as abundant in the Coastal Plain area from Hwy. 128 to Montezuma as in the Piedmont section, and the average size is larger. Recent sampling indicates that 15 percent are 14 - 16 inches and 10 15 percent are above 17 inches. Shoal bass in Coastal Plain areas prefer swifter water near the banks, almost always in association with larger snags. Few shoal bass will be found in other habitat types. The largemouth bass population improves significantly below the Fall Line and they actually are more abundant than shoal bass in most areas. Although largemouth bass reach much greater maximum sizes, average size in the Flint River is similar to shoal bass. Redbreast are slightly more abundant in the Coastal Plain than in the Piedmont and average size is significantly larger with 40 50 percent of the population in the 6 7 inch category. Bluegill outnumber redbreast slightly in Coastal Plain areas and average size is similar to the Piedmont. Good channel and flathead catfish populations are found from the Fall Line to Lake Blackshear, and are generally associated with accumulations of snags in the well defined, deeper outside bend areas. Major access points in the upper Coastal Plain between Hwy. 128 and Lake Blackshear are at Hwy. 128, Hwy. 96, Macon County Ferry Road, Montezuma Bluff, Hwy. 49 between Montezuma and Oglethorpe, and Reeves Landing. In summary, on the Flint River you can have your choice the picturesque shoals and rugged, forested hills of the Piedmont, or the lazy meandering river of the upper Costal Plain. There is plenty of good fishing to experience in both areas, and 2005 should be a good year for the Flint River. Please contact the Fort Valley office of the Fisheries Management Section (478-825-6151) for more information on planning your fishing trip on the upper Flint River. Flint River (lower) The Flint River has long been recognized for its outstanding shoal bass fishery. This unique bass is native only to a few rivers in Georgia, Alabama and Florida. The current Georgia record shoal bass, caught on the Flint River in 1977, weighed an impressive 8 lb. 3 oz. The best times of the year to catch shoal bass is in the summer (May-July) and fall (Sept.Oct.) and some of the best action can be found in the shoal areas below Newton (Baker County) and immediately upstream of Hwy. 32 in Lee County. In addition, the small islands found upstream from the mouth of Ichawaynochaway Creek are good places to find shoal bass. Anglers should encounter an abundance of 12-15 inch fish this year. Relatively low water conditions during the late spring and early summer of 2004 should result in good recruitment of young shoal bass. Shoal bass feed heavily on crawfish, so jigs and soft plastics in crawfish patterns are favorites among anglers. Small crankbaits and topwater lures can be very productive as well. Fly-fishing is a challenging and increasingly popular way to fish for shoal bass. Woolly Buggers should be a standard in any fly box. -8- Although largemouth bass don't receive the same attention as shoal bass, fishing can be good in certain areas along the Flint. For quality largemouth, anglers should try the two-mile stretch of river below Warwick dam. Bass fishing often is overlooked during the winter months. However, this can be a good time to fish, as bass often will congregate around the many springs in the river, which remain a constant 68oF. Beginning in late February, white bass, striped bass and hybrids begin their run up to the Albany dam. Most people cast bucktails for hybrids and striped bass, but crankbaits like shad raps and rapalas work well too. Most stripers will be in the 1620-inch range and weigh less than 4 lb. However, a few fish over 30 lb. are caught each year. Both striped and hybrid bass numbers are good, and this should result in better than average fishing opportunities for these species in the spring of 2005 below the Albany dam. Anglers also should expect to catch good numbers of hybrid and striped bass (less than 10 lb.) in the tailrace below the Warwick dam during the spring and summer of 2005. Flathead catfish are a favorite among Flint River anglers. The number of flatheads has remained high and stable over the last several years, but big flatheads (greater than 20 lb.) are rare. Most of the flatheads caught in 2005 will range from 20-24 inches and weigh less than 5 lb. The best fishing usually takes place during the summer months when flatheads occupy the deeper holes in the river. Live bait is a must, with bream being the bait of choice. Some of the more productive areas can be found downstream of Hwy. 32 in Lee County and the river section above Newton in Baker County. Based on angler creel data and WRD sampling data, channel catfish are another species that is abundant and available to Flint River anglers. That portion of the Flint River below the Warwick dam is very productive and popular with local anglers. This area, as well as the entire Flint River, should have good numbers of harvestable-size channel catfish available to anglers during 2005. Anglers bottom fishing with baits such as worms, chicken liver or dead shrimp should be successful fishing both immediately above and below the numerous shoals found throughout the lower Flint River. High water conditions during the summer and fall of last year resulted in decreased fishing pressure for bream during 2004. This decrease should result in above average bream fishing in 2005. Anglers can expect to see greater numbers of harvestable sized redear sunfish during 2005. Snags and blowdowns in the river section above Lake Blackshear and upstream from Lake Worth to Abram Shoals offer good fishing spots for bluegill. Redbreast sunfish are more abundant in and around the shoal areas of the river and redear sunfish can be found throughout the lower Flint River from Lake Blackshear downstream to below Newton. Ochlockonee River The Ochlockonee River may not be as familiar as other major rivers in South Georgia. However, this slow-moving blackwater stream offers good fishing for redbreast sunfish. Traditionally, redbreast are more numerous in the lower portions of the river, from Hwy. 93 to Hadley's Ferry Road. Anglers will usually fare better using live crickets and worms during early spring and switching to artificial lures, such as beetle spins and popping bugs, as spring progresses and water temperatures rise. Anglers fishing for bream should have similar success during 2005 as they did during the 2004 season. Although not as abundant as redbreast, anglers also can expect to catch several other sunfish species including bluegill, redear sunfish, spotted sunfish, warmouth and black crappie. The Ochlockonee River has a fair largemouth bass population. The backwater areas near Thomasville and the section of river upstream from Hwy. 93 are good largemouth bass locations. Anglers fishing the Ochlockonee often will encounter a unique member of the sunfish family, the Suwannee bass. The Suwannee bass is smaller than its cousin, the largemouth bass, and is found in only a few streams in South Georgia and North Florida. The overall population of Suwannee bass in the Ochlockonee is relatively low, but it did provide the current state record Suwannee bass (3 lb. 9 oz.) in 1984. Suwannee bass typically prefer swifter water, but as the summer progresses and the river recedes they can be caught in the deeper pools using small crankbaits and soft plastics. Anglers looking to catch a mess of catfish would be wise to try the Ochlockonee during warmer months. Your favorite catfish bait fished on a simple bottom rig should be effective on a variety of species including channel catfish, white catfish and bullheads. Thankfully, there are no confirmed reports of nonnative flathead catfish in the Georgia portion of the Ochlockonee. Anglers who suspect they have caught a flathead should keep the fish and call the Albany Fisheries Management Office as soon as possible. Ocmulgee River (upper) The Ocmulgee River begins its long journey through central Georgia under the waters of Lake Jackson at the junction of the Yellow, South and Alcovy rivers. From Lloyd Shoals Dam at Lake Jackson the Ocmulgee River flows southeast through the scenic shoals of the Piedmont for 36 miles before crossing the Fall Line just above Macon. Below Macon the character of the river changes dramatically as the floodplain widens to produce river bottom swamps and the shifting channel meanders between sand bars, willow thickets, steep banks and backwater sloughs. The Ocmulgee River from Lloyd Shoals Dam to Hawkinsville has two characters, delineated by the Fall Line and providing distinctly different fishing opportunities. Anglers in central Georgia have the unique opportunity to experience each within a short drive from Macon, Warner Robins or Perry. Lloyd Shoals Dam is one of Georgia Power Company's oldest hydroelectric dams and provides the backdrop for a fishing trip to the productive tailrace area. A metal weir has been constructed across the channel just below the dam to improve dissolved oxygen levels and the success of the project is evident in the number of sensitive species that have reentered the area. A long catwalk was built along the west bank adjacent to the weir to provide a comfortable fishing area for bank anglers. Expect to catch bluegill, crappie, catfish and hybrid bass here throughout the year, with the best catches in the spring. Georgia Power has provided an excellent boat ramp and picnic area on the east bank just below the dam and motorboat anglers launching here have access to about 0.7 miles from the weir to a major shoal at Hwy. 16. Hybrids often stack up at the base of the weir and largemouth bass, bluegill and shellcracker -9- are numerous in the calmer waters along the banks. During April through June, expect excellent catches of redbreast and a few shoal bass as the current picks up near the shoal at Hwy. 16. Spotted bass apparently were stocked into Lake Jackson by fishermen in the 1980's and now can be found in the upper Ocmulgee River. They are most abundant near Lloyd Shoals Dam in areas with moderate current. Motorboats are limited to the deeper water above Hwy. 16, but canoes can float over the shoals and continue downriver to takeout locations at Wise Creek and Hwy. 83. The section from Lloyd Shoals Dam to the Wise Creek Recreation Area (5.3 miles) is an easy one-day float, but those taking out at Hwy. 83 (14.5 miles) should plan on spending one night on the river. It is probably no exaggeration to state that the area of alternating shoals and flat water reaches between Hwy. 16 and Wise Creek may provide one of the best angling experiences in Georgia. Your biggest problem with fishing this area may be deciding between fishing for shoal bass or redbreast, but you might catch a limit of both on a good day in May or June. Results from our angler diary survey indicate an average daily catch of around eight shoal bass in the shoals above Wise Creek. The majority will be in the 11 13 inch range, with about 10 percent between 14 - 16 inches and the occasional lunker from 17 - 20 inches. Redbreast will average about five inches. Preferred shoal bass lures are small to medium swimming minnows, spinner baits, poppers and artificial worms. The fly fisherman should bring plenty of wooly buggers and medium poppers. Crickets are traditional redbreast bait, but ultra light tackle with small spinners or fly-fishing with small poppers or spider imitations can sometimes be just as productive. As an added incentive for a trip to this area, the U. S. Forest Service has recently upgraded the canoe access facilities at the Wise Creek Recreation Area located on the east side of the river on the Oconee National Forest. The recreation area can be reached off of Clay Road between Hwy. 83 and Hwy. 16. Excellent wade fishing for shoal bass and redbreast is available for anyone willing to tackle the one-half mile upstream paddle to a large shoal area. Access is relatively limited for the remainder of the Piedmont section of the Ocmulgee River from Hwy. 83 to Macon. The longest reach accessible to motorboat anglers is a 10-mile section both up and downstream of the ramp at Hwy. 83, but sand flats and obstacles at low flows require caution. The lower end of this section also can be reached from a boat ramp just above the Juliette Dam A one-mile section in the vicinity of Popes Ferry is the only other area accessible to motorboats. The remainder of this reach is strictly canoe or kayak country. For an easy float trip try the four-mile section between Hwy. 83 and the ramp just above the Juliette Dam. For the more adventurous, consider the nine miles from the canoe launch site just below the Juliette Dam to Popes Ferry, or the 14 miles from Popes Ferry to Spring Street in Macon. Although there are no major whitewater challenges on the Ocmulgee River, shoals are numerous and could easily capsize a kayak or especially a heavily loaded canoe. A major drop just below Dames Ferry at Hwy. 18 should be carefully scouted before proceeding. For those without a boat the shoals just below the Juliette Dam can be accessed for wade fishing from a canoe launch site just below the dam on the east side. The quarter mile area below the dam provides excellent shoal bass and redbreast fishing and as an added bonus the American shad, striped bass and hybrids concentrate at the base of the dam during March May. The Juliette Dam is the first barrier on the Ocmulgee River encountered by American shad on their long spawning runs up from the Atlantic Ocean. The dam is a frustration for the shad but a boon for anglers since it concentrates the fish in numbers large enough to be caught on spinning tackle using "shad darts" or on a fly rod with small streamers. American shad fishing is as popular as bass fishing in some parts of the country, but they receive little attention in Georgia. For a new fishing experience try the American shad below the Juliette Dam. They will average 20 inches and a little over 2 lb. and are sporting on light to medium tackle. Many consider them excellent eating and there is a generous eight fish daily creel limit. Although the American shad are abundant in most years from March through early May, the spring run of striped bass and hybrids is modest with most stripers in the 10 - 20 lb. class and the hybrids averaging 5 6 lb. Expect to find shoal bass and redbreast near any shoal throughout the lightly fished area between the Juliette Dam and Macon. And while shoal bass are a favorite of most fishermen in this part of the river, largemouth bass, redbreast and bluegill often are abundant in the calmer sections along the banks. While paddling between shoals searching for your next shoal bass, it often pays to cast a spinner bait, topwater plug or worm next to a snag in one of the slack water sections. About 30 percent of the largemouth bass are 12 15 inches, over 20 percent are between 15 - 20 inches, and about 10 percent are in the 20 25 inch category. The bedrock outcrops and shoals of the Piedmont come to an abrupt end about seven miles above Macon near Arkwright. A relatively unproductive transitional zone of shallow sand flats forms below the last shoal near the River North Bridge and continues down to the vicinity of Spring Street in Macon. The true upper Coastal Plain section of the Ocmulgee River begins at Macon and continues for about 70 miles to near Hawkinsville where the character of the river begins a transition to the lower Coastal Plain. In any given year, the quality of fishing below Macon to Hawkinsville can range from fair to excellent. Although shoal bass are found below the Fall Line and are fairly common as far down as Warner Robins, largemouth bass are the predominate black bass below Macon and good catches are possible using the right techniques. Most of the larger snags along the bank, particularly in areas of low current velocities, are home to one or more largemouth bass and they can be fooled with a lightly weighted plastic worm or lizard cast as close to the structure as possible. Spinner baits, medium rapala-type crank baits and plastic jerk baits also are effective, but the key is getting the lure deep into the cover. Although largemouth bass can be caught at any time of the year, periods of low to moderate flows in the late spring or fall are best, followed by the summer period. At least moderate water clarity is critical for success, and flows are usually too high and muddy in winter and early spring. Please remember that the largemouth bass length limit is 12 inches above the Spring Street Bridge in Macon and 14 inches below. About 30 percent of the largemouth bass below Macon will be in the 8-12 inch range, 20 percent between 12-15 inches, and 20 percent -10- between 15-20 inches. A few monsters in the 2025 inch class also can be found hanging close to the snags. Redbreast and bluegill are other popular targets in this section of the Ocmulgee River, and although May and June are the most productive months they can be caught in good numbers from spring through fall. Shellcracker also can provide some fine fishing during the late Aprilearly May spawning season - anglers should look for spawning beds in the shallow, calmer water near the main channel. Expect redbreast to average about five inches, bluegill 56 inches and shellcracker 89 inches. The exotic longear sunfish has been increasing in abundance for the last several years and now is found throughout the length of the Ocmulgee River. In some locations it has become the dominant sunfish species. Although one of the most colorful of all sunfish, most are under four inches in length and generally are considered a nuisance. This is an example of the undesirable effects of exotic fish introductions. Catfish help round out the fishing scene on the upper Ocmulgee River. Channel catfish are abundant throughout the length of the river and although rod and reel fishing can be effective, most use trotlines or bushhooks baited with prepared baits, liver, crayfish and a variety of "home recipes." Flathead catfish have colonized most of the Altamaha River system since their introduction in the 1970's, but in the Ocmulgee River they are especially abundant below Macon. Reaching weights of over 80 lb., these are by far the largest sport fish found in the Ocmulgee River and can be caught with rod and reel as well as bushhooks and trotlines. Regardless of the gear, live bait must be used and the most effective is probably a medium size redbreast or bluegill. In summary, the upper Ocmulgee River is one of middle Georgia's most valuable natural resources and a premier fishing destination. Whether it's an exciting kayak float trip for shoal bass in the Piedmont, or a johnboat excursion along the meandering channel to a secret spot below Macon, the Ocmulgee River will draw you back time and again. Please contact the Fort Valley office of the WRD Fisheries Management Section (478-825-6151) for more information on planning your fishing trip on the upper Ocmulgee River. Ocmulgee River (south of U.S. Hwy. 280) The Ocmulgee River below Abbeville is large and sluggish with many meandering bends and some oxbow lakes. One such lake, Montgomery Lake, produced the current world record largemouth bass (22 lb. 4 oz.) in 1932. It is unlikely this lake will produce another world record bass, but the opportunity to fish this area still awes and excites many bass anglers. Anglers unfamiliar with the river should obtain the free brochure, A Guide to Fishing the Lower Ocmulgee River. This guide contains a map of the river showing locations of improved boat ramps and is available from any WRD Fisheries Section office. Fishing in the Ocmulgee River improved in 2004 and anglers reported better catches of redbreast sunfish, bluegill, and catfish. Fishing should continue to be good in 2005, so get out there and take advantage of the varied fishing opportunities available on the Ocmulgee River. The number of redbreast sunfish collected last fall by WRD biologists was average, but they were much fatter than in previous years, indicating they found plenty of food and grew rapidly. Expect to catch fewer redbreast in 2005, but expect them to be larger and good fighters. Popular techniques for catching redbreast include fishing crickets or worms in flowing water around structure along creek and river channels. Also, try the head and tail ends of sandbars. Fish your bait suspended below a float just above the bottom or straight-lined on the bottom. The number of bluegill found this past year in the Ocmulgee was somewhat less than the year before, but still about average. However, the percentage of large fish in the sample increased from the previous year and all the bluegill were fatter than normal, indicating that fishing for this species should be good in 2005. The best time to fish for them is between mid-April and mid-June. Popular baits include crickets and catalpa worms fished near the bottom below a light cork. Try pitching your bait around cover along the shoreline in oxbow lakes, sloughs, slack-water areas or eddy pockets. The redear sunfish (shellcracker) population remains stable. The Ocmulgee produces a good number of fish in the 912 inch range each year and this trend should continue in 2005. Shellcrackers are not as abundant as redbreast and bluegill, but they make up for it with their larger size. It is not uncommon to catch redear that tip the scale at 1-2 lb. The best fishing will occur in early spring when they move into shallow water in sloughs and oxbow lakes to spawn. Favorite baits include red wigglers or crickets fished near the bottom under a cork. Later in the summer, fish around woody debris and overhanging vines along the riverbank. In the fall, try fishing around flooded grasses and vegetation near the mouths of oxbow lakes and creeks. A below average number of largemouth bass were collected last fall, but the decline was mainly in the number of small fish. The number of harvestable bass in the river is very similar to what it has been the last few years. Bass anglers will be glad to know that the fish have been in better condition for the past two years, and much fatter than they were during the drought years. Expect most of the bass caught to be around the minimum legal size limit of 14 inches, but be ready for the occasional lunker. Recent sampling produced several fish in the 7-10 lb. range. Oxbow lakes and slack-water areas containing overhanging willows and woody structure are popular fishing locations, especially in the spring. Later in the summer, try fishing eddy pockets, the downstream end of sandbars and heavy cover along the banks. Popular lures include crankbaits, spinnerbaits, plastic worms and lizards. Catfishing in the Ocmulgee River should be good this year. There are a fair number of quality channel catfish in the river, but expect most to be in the 0.5-2.5 lb. range. The flathead catfish population increased slightly in recent years, but are mostly in the 8-12 inch group. Large flatheads are still present, and they were fatter than in preceding years. Since flatheads have reduced the abundance of sunfish populations, WRD encourages anglers to fish for and harvest them. Remember, it is illegal to move flathead catfish from one river to another. All sizes of flatheads make good table fare. Anglers commonly catch flatheads on heavy-duty sporting tackle and on limb or trotlines. Live bait works best. Try fishing shiners, bream or Louisiana pinks around snags in the deep holes along outside bends of the river channel during the day. Flatheads tend to move into shallower water to feed after dark and you will have -11- to move with them to be successful. You can catch flatheads year-round, but the best time is from late winter to late summer. For more information on flathead catfish, including additional fishing techniques and tips, obtain a free copy of A Flathead Catfish Fishing Guide from your nearest WRD Fisheries Management Office. Regardless of your preferred species and fishing method, a trip to the Ocmulgee River should be an enjoyable fishing experience. Oconee River The Oconee River headwaters begin in Hall and Gwinnett counties northwest of Athens and the river flows southwest for about 265 miles where it joins the Ocmulgee to form the Altamaha River. The Oconee River is regulated through two major dams. The upper Wallace Dam, constructed in 1980, created Lake Oconee. Farther south along the Oconee is Sinclair Dam, constructed in 1953, forming Lake Sinclair. Fishing opportunities are somewhat different, along with the river appearance, above and below these dams. Above Sinclair Dam, the upper Oconee River flows through the Piedmont Region where you will find bedrock outcroppings, stable bank cover, and a gravel or sand bottom. Shortly below the Sinclair Dam, the lower Oconee River flows through the Upper Coastal Plain. In this area, you will see cutaway sand banks/bluffs, fallen woody debris, and a river bottom consisting of primarily sand and silt. Fishing opportunities and tactics between the upper and lower Oconee River will vary due to unique habitat differences. Fishing predictions have historically been reported in the lower Oconee River, but at certain times the upper Oconee River may offer the best opportunity to catch a stringer of fish. Tremendous catches of white bass and crappie are consistently reported in the stretch of river above Lake Oconee to Barnett Shoals Dam below Athens. The best time to fish this area is between mid-February to late-April. Small chartreuse screwtail jigs are the preferred bait for both white bass and crappie, and live-minnows will sometimes get a crappie to bite when jigs are not working well. A popular boat ramp in this area is located off Hwy. 15 below Athens. Good bass and bream fishing also are available on the upper Oconee River. Redeye bass can be found in the swifter water sections having bedrock outcroppings and largemouth bass in slacker water areas around woody cover. Small soft plastics, large spinners, and shallow diving crankbaits are some good bets to start off your bass angling adventure. Panfish anglers also should expect to catch plenty of colorful delights using ultra light gear rigged with a small rooster tail or beetle spin. In areas of the Upper Oconee having bedrock shoals, a popular tactic for catching both bass and bream, involves wading the shoals with a 6 to 8 weight fly rod rigged with a small popper. Regardless of tactics or type of fish you are targeting, a fishing trip on the Upper Oconee will result in a pleasant outdoor experience. The fish population in the Lower Oconee is generally smaller than other rivers in Georgia. However, the opportunity to catch a limit of nice fish is still good, and if you are a fisherman who likes to be on the water without a lot of angling pressure, the lower Oconee may be just what you want. Angler catches of panfish in the Lower Oconee, especially bluegill, should be good in 2005. Over 60 percent of the bluegill population sampled this past fall was greater than six inches and about 40 percent of these fish were in the 7-10 inch range! However, panfish anglers may find it difficult to catch a stringer of redbreast in 2005. Longear sunfish are another colorful panfish in the lower Oconee River. They do not grow as large as the bluegill or redbreast but expect to find some in the 5-6 inch range. For a good start, try fishing close to cover with catalpa worms or crickets with split-shot and a float. The best locations generally can be found near creek mouths or deep eddy pools near swift current. The largemouth bass population in the lower Oconee River is comparable to other rivers in the Altamaha system, yet receives the least amount of bass fishing pressure. Bass fishing in 2005 should be excellent. Almost 60 percent of the fish sampled this past fall were greater than 12 inches and 28 percent were in the 14-20 inch size range. Classic baits for fishing these swift-water bucket mouths are a chartreuse/white snagless sally, spinnerbaits, or pig and jig. For a good start, try fishing the shoreline around fallen trees with moderate current and gradually work your way into slacker water areas having good cover. Crappie also may provide a good fishing opportunity in the winter and early spring before the bream and bass fishing picks up. Anglers will be most successful by fishing woody cover in slack water areas. Live minnows and artificial jigs tend to be the best bait for crappie. Flathead catfish remain a favorite target of catfish anglers on the lower Oconee River. They grow to a very large size, presenting an opportunity to catch a trophy-sized fish. Most success for flatheads comes from fishing limb lines or trot lines set overnight and baited with a hand-sized live bream. Flathead catfish are an introduced predator to the Oconee River, and anglers are encouraged to harvest any flatheads they catch. Overall, fishing conditions in the Oconee River should be good for 2005. In general, fishing for most species in the lower Oconee is better in the river below I-16 (south of Dublin), and fishing in the upper Oconee River should remain good in most areas, depending on the time of year. Ogeechee River (upstream of U.S. Hwy. 17) Unlike most rivers in Georgia the flow of the Ogeechee River is not regulated by dams. This allows the river to rise and fall according to the amount of rainfall in its watershed. This natural fluctuation in river level plays a big role in fish growth and fishing success. The Ogeechee basin experienced average rainfall in 2004, producing some periods of out of bank flows allowing fish to benefit and grow from the rich food source located in the flood plain. Traditionally, the Ogeechee River has an excellent redbreast sunfish population. During low flow periods, redbreasts are able to reproduce very efficiently. The out of bank flows experienced during 2003 and early 2004 allowed smaller fish spawned during the drought to utilize the vast resources of the flood plain and put on some serious growth. The number of keeper redbreasts should stay about the same in 2005. Fifty-nine percent of redbreasts seen during sampling efforts were six inches or larger so look for good numbers of hand-sized redbreast sunfish and bluegill with an occasional rooster red. For some steady redbreast action, try fishing in the -12- mouth of small channels wherever the river splits. Other panfish species present include bluegill, redear sunfish (shellcracker), black crappie and spotted sunfish (stumpknockers). Anglers should concentrate their efforts for bluegill and redear fishing upstream of Midville (near the Jenkins County line) to McCroans Bridge (south of Louisville). In addition, good-sized fish also can be caught in the brackish water tidal area around U.S. Hwy. 17. Scattered pockets of black crappie provide exciting cold weather fishing from Hwy. 204 upstream as far as Jenkins County. Live bait works well, however, grubs and small screw-tail jigs can produce nice size crappie. Although smaller than other popular panfish, the spotted sunfish also is plentiful in the backwaters of the Ogeechee and should not be overlooked. The Ogeechee River has never been viewed as a major largemouth bass stream among anglers who fish coastal freshwater rivers. In fact, less than three percent of the angler harvest is made up of largemouth bass. However, Ogeechee largemouth bass are plentiful and healthy. Look for some excellent bass fishing in the spring as water temperatures rise. April is usually the month when the largest numbers of bass are caught. Take some time this spring to tap into this unique largemouth bass fishery. Work the banks with spinner baits or flip a jig and pig into those tight places where big bass love to hide. Try hooking a trophy largemouth at the railroad trestle located upstream from the boat ramp on Hwy. 56 at Midville. Catfish are plentiful, with snail bullheads and white catfish being most common. Like redbreast sunfish, catfish are most concentrated where there is a combination of swift water and heavy cover. Snail bullheads are numerous throughout the river but white catfish increase in number as you get closer to the estuary. Most of the large catfish are channel catfish. Try using cut bait or live minnows in the outside bends of the river to catch these large fish. It is believed that flathead catfish have not been released into the Ogeechee River. Flathead catfish have some fine qualities as a sportfish, but they are not native to the coastal river drainages of Georgia. An illegal introduction of flathead catfish into the Ogeechee would be devastating to fish populations. Anglers need to be aware of the consequences of an illegal introduction of flathead catfish. Once introduced, flathead catfish are impossible to remove. The redbreast sunfish and bullhead populations are most impacted. It is very important that flatheads not be introduced into the Ogeechee River. If you have any information about anyone moving flathead catfish, please call the TIP number 1-800-241-4113, 24 hours/day, 7days/week. Oostanaula River The Oostanaula River originates at the confluence of the Conasauga and Coosawattee Rivers northeast of Calhoun, Georgia. The river winds southward approximately 49 miles to Rome, Georgia where it merges with the Etowah River to form the Coosa River. The river can be accessed from any of four boat ramps. A map of boat ramp locations can be obtained from either the WRD Fisheries Management Office in Calhoun (706) 624-1161 or Summerville (706) 857-3394. This is a small boat river and care should be taken, especially in the summer when water levels are low. The Oostanaula is once again home to a sportfish species that disappeared from the river nearly 40 years ago. Since 2002, 28,000 plus lake sturgeon have been re-introduced to the Oostanaula River and other rivers in the greater Coosa River basin. Pollution and overfishing are believed to have eliminated most of these archaic fishes from the river system in the 1960's. Thankfully since then, water conditions have improved in the river. Through long-term annual stocking it is hoped the species will reclaim much of its historic inhabitance within the river. The species grows slowly and does not mature for 12-15 years so it is important to protect them from harvest until they can reproduce and once again support some angler harvest. Anglers accidentally catching a lake sturgeon should immediately release the fish unharmed. Fish hooked deep will often survive if anglers will cut the line near the hook and release the fish with the hook. If you catch a sturgeon, please contact either WRD office listed above to report the location from which the sturgeon was caught. Such "sightings" help biologists assess the status of these magnificent fish. Anglers likely will be most successful in the pursuit of catfish on the Oostanaula. Channels, blues and flatheads inhabit the murky recesses of the river year-round. Fishermen often discover the largest individuals holed-up in deep pools, undercut banks and in logjams, especially those with a good flow around them. All sizes of cats will move from these hideouts in the morning and evening to feed around shoals and other shallow habitats. Blue and channel cats occur in similar numbers, with blues averaging 1 lb. and channels nearing lb. Larger blue cats in the 5-8 lb. range are somewhat common, with individuals over 10 lb. being considerably less common. Flatheads are present, yet in much lower numbers than either blues or channels. Live bait is a must for those looking to boat flatheads with regularity. The muddy waters of the Oostanaula provide only poor to fair black bass fishing opportunity for northwest Georgia anglers. Nearly 80 percent of the black bass population is made up of spotted bass averaging 7-8 inches long. The less common largemouth has an average length of 12 inches and weighs in at just over a pound. Largemouth are more common in the lower reaches of the river, while spots - despite being found throughout - are most numerous in the four-mile stretch above and below State Hwy. 140. Target these fish around debris jams, rocks and around overhanging vegetation and fallen trees. Small numbers of redeye bass are resident to the river section between Georgia Hwy. 225 and Hwy. 156. However, redeye fisherman will have greater success targeting these natives in the many tributaries feeding the Oostanaula. The Oostanaula provides bream anglers with low to moderate numbers of bluegill, and still fewer numbers of redbreast, redear (shellcrackers) sunfish, and crappie. The bluegill fisherman typically will find fish averaging five inches, with "gills" over seven inches being rare. Target bream in slow water areas around creek mouths and the slack-waters behind debris jams. Stripers will move into the lower Oostanaula around Rome, Georgia to spawn in April and May. Bucktails and live or cut shad can be effective patterns for the spring striper fisherman. Be sure to use stout fishing gear to prevent these behemoths from breaking you off around the log jams and tree canopies they frequent. After the spawn, stripers disperse throughout the Coosa River system seeking cool water in which to beat the -13- summer heat. Small stripers may be caught in the Oostanaula during the summer, but the premier fishing will be in the spring months. In the spring, small numbers of white bass will move into the Oostanaula to spawn. Success during this time can be sporadic for the inexperienced. White bass anglers should instead consider fishing downstream in the Coosa River. Larger numbers of white bass can be found there during the spawn in the area at or below the Rome Lock and Dam. Boats can be launched from the Lock and Dam Park or downstream at the Old River Road boat ramp off state Hwy. 20 west of Rome, Georgia. These concentrated spawn-run fish can be caught using small jigs and crankbaits. Smallmouth buffalo, freshwater drum, carp and suckers dominate the relatively slow moving waters of the Oostanaula. Drum average 12 inches in length with larger "bull" drum exceeding 20 inches. Those wishing to catch drum should target the swifter waters and shoals of the Oostanaula using live crayfish, cut mussels, shrimp, or small jigs fished along the bottom. Satilla River The Satilla River is one of the premier redbreast sunfish rivers in the Southeast, and is your best bet for catching a redbreast sunfish weighing over one pound. High water levels were present throughout much of 2004 providing excellent conditions for growth and survival. Samples revealed similar numbers of redbreast to those observed in 2003. However, the average size of the fish collected had increased from approximately four inches in 2003 to approximately six inches in 2004. This winter the Satilla River has remained relatively high, with the occasional rain event periodically pushing the river back into the floodplain and providing optimal conditions for growth. Anglers should catch larger numbers of harvestable sized redbreast in 2005 and their stringers should include fair numbers of fish eight inches or larger. If you are looking for a cure for your "cabin fever," a few redbreast can be caught in March by fishing worms or crickets on the bottom. For anglers who prefer to wait for peak fishing, April and May are typically the best months. Fishing usually peaks when the water warms and recedes well within the banks (usually about 4-5 feet at the Waycross river level gauge). The best method is fishing with crickets and worms under bobbers or on the bottom with split-shot weights. As water temperatures increase into the 70s, anglers often switch to artificial lures such as small beetle spins and rooster-tail spinners. Fly-fishing can be very effective after the water warms. Try popping bugs on a fly rod to lure some true "rooster reds." Although other bream species such as bluegill and spotted sunfish (stumpknockers) receive less attention than redbreast, they are plentiful. These populations also need high water conditions in the winter and spring to produce large numbers of quality sized fish. Therefore, anglers most likely will bring home good catches of bluegill and other bream in 2005. Oxbow lakes and beaver ponds off the main river channel are prime locations for catching a good mess of panfish. Oxbow lakes in the lower sections of the river around the Burnt Fort area provide some of the better bluegill fishing. Crickets and worms are productive baits. When conditions are too cold for good catches of bream, largemouth bass and catfish, try fishing for crappie. Crappie are present throughout the river - fishing woody cover in slack water away from the main channel being the best bet. Live minnows and small artificial jigs are top producers for crappie. While not known for its bass population, the Satilla usually contains sufficient numbers of largemouth bass to provide an enjoyable outing. In fact, largemouth bass population numbers have recovered thanks to the high water conditions present over the last few years. The majority of the bass on the business end of the anglers line will probably be fairly small (10-12 inches). However, anglers will occasionally set the hook on a lunker. Largemouth bass fishing peaks in late winter and early spring when river levels are too high for successful bream fishing. Typical bass lures work, but it is hard to beat a shallow-diving minnow plug in the spring of the year. Catfishing should remain very good this coming year. The river supports healthy populations of snail, yellow and brown bullheads and channel catfish. Use worms, chicken livers, cut bait or your own secret recipe fished on the bottom in deeper holes (usually on outside bends in the river). Flathead catfish do not appear to have affected the redbreast sunfish population in the prime redbreast habitat of the upper river because flathead numbers remain low. A WRD flathead catfish removal program on the Satilla has the goal of keeping the flathead catfish population from gaining dominance as has occurred in other southern rivers. This removal program includes capturing flatheads (by electrofishing), collecting data and donating the fish to local food banks. Please harvest all flathead catfish caught. Do not release any. In addition to helping keep the flathead population under control on this river, they also are very good to eat. It is illegal to move fish from one lake or stream to another. Moving fish can cause unexpected and irreversible changes to the fish populations. If you have information about anyone moving flathead catfish please call 1-800-241-4113 (24 hours/day, 7days/week). A Guide to Fishing the Satilla River is available. Call the WRD Fisheries Management Office for a free copy. Savannah River (Downstream of New Savannah Bluff Lock & Dam) Flows in the Savannah River below the New Savannah Bluff Lock & Dam are largely controlled by releases from Clarks Hill (Strom Thurmond) Dam. Angler success for many species is dependent upon river levels that are conducive to successful fishing. Fishing is usually best when river levels drop within 5-6 feet on the USGS flow gauge at Clyo. Check local forecasts for river stage information. Many anglers find that numerous oxbow lakes along the river provide excellent fishing opportunities. River oxbows created by USCOE channel modifications in the late 1950's and early 1960's are recognized as shared waters under the agreement between Georgia and South Carolina. State boundaries did not change as a result of these channel modifications, but run down the middle of these old oxbows. Anglers should refer to USGS topographic maps and carefully identify these man-made oxbows. Some of the old natural oxbow lakes exist totally within the boundaries of South Carolina and are not covered by the reciprocal fishing license agreement. -14- The Savannah River basin had average rainfall and corresponding flows in 2004 and there are good numbers of redbreast sunfish, largemouth bass, bluegill, channel catfish and black crappie in the river. Panfish tend to concentrate in oxbows and around heavy structure in the form of river flow diverter pilings. Big redear sunfish averaging a half-pound often are found around sand bars in 2-4 feet of water. Try fishing small screw-tail jigs in these areas. The numbers of redear are not huge, but size and condition are excellent. Largemouth bass continue to do well in the Savannah River. Look for good bass fishing this spring as water temperatures begin to rise and water levels fall. Remember, bass tend to congregate near creek mouths and around heavy structure. The majority of catfish are white catfish. Most catfish over five pounds are channel catfish. Catfish spend most of their time in deep swift-flowing water along the last third of an outside bend. Catfish are more active at night and often will move out of these daytime hiding places into shallower water to feed. Try fishing these outside bend areas during the day with live bait and when darkness approaches fish on shallow bars and flats where baitfish congregate. The striped bass population declined drastically in the mid1980's due to the operation of a tide gate and diversion canal in the Back River where the majority of striped bass spawned. Concerned officials in Georgia and South Carolina closed the season for harvest of striped bass and hybrid striped bass downstream of New Savannah Bluff Lock and Dam to protect the remaining brood stock. Georgia DNR also initiated a supplemental stocking program, stocking 40,000 (8-10 inch) striped bass each year into the lower Savannah River. These stockings have been highly successful and the number of striped bass in the river has increased substantially in recent years. However, it is important for anglers to realize that most of the stripers that they catch were stocked and that the number of naturally-reproducing, striped bass remains low. Striped bass take four to five years to become sexually mature and about eight years to reach 25-30 lb. St. Marys River As with most other southeastern rivers, high water levels over the last two years have benefited the St. Marys River fish populations. Redbreast sunfish are not as numerous as in the Satilla River. However, the chances of catching fish six inches or larger are excellent. Fishing methods used on the Satilla River also work well on the St. Marys. Crickets and worms are good baits. Small lures, such as beetle-spins, work best when the water warms. The St. Marys River supports a healthy bluegill population and catching bluegill weighing three-quarters of a pound or larger should be fairly common this year. The better bream fishing can be found in the lower half of the St. Marys River, from the Trader's Hill Recreational Area downstream. Using worms or crickets around cover in the creeks and oxbows of the lower river are your best bets for catching a stringer of bluegill. This river is considered to be a trophy bass river by some anglers. Although bass are not as plentiful as in other rivers, anglers frequently land wall-hangers. The better bass fishing can be found in the Kings Ferry area of the lower river. Try casting spinner baits and pitching jigs or worms around heavy cover in current breaks or backwater areas. The St. Marys River is one of the few coastal plain rivers in southeast Georgia that has not been colonized by flathead catfish. Anglers are urged not to release this, or any other fish, into the St. Marys River unless it was caught there. Moving fish from one water body to another is illegal, and can have profound harmful effects on native fish populations. Suwannee River The 33-mile portion of the Suwannee River in Georgia offers a unique fishing experience. The dark "tea-stained" waters contain several different species than most anglers are used to pursuing. Chain pickerel, warmouth, flier and bullheads (catfish) are the main components of the catch. Due to the highly acidic waters, the river offers little in the way of bass, bluegill, redbreast sunfish or channel catfish. As with the other southeastern rivers, fish populations in this portion of the Suwannee improved due to the presence of high water levels. Both chain and redfin pickerel had very successful spawns and their numbers increased dramatically. Anglers should see an increased number of pickerel on the end of their line in 2005. Shallow running crankbaits like the Rapala Minnow or Rooster Tail are particularly effective on chain pickerel (jackfish). Jointed, colorful lures with their increased action also work well. Warmouth should be very abundant in 2005. With the high water, these fish should have excellent growth rates and anglers should put good numbers of warmouth in the frying pan this year. Warmouth fishing should peak in late April and May. They are distributed throughout the river with a slight increase in number as you travel downstream to Fargo. Live crawfish are the favorite bait among anglers who target warmouth. Flier can be caught year round in the upper reaches of the Suwannee River near the Okefenokee Swamp. As with the other species in the Suwannee, flier abundance rebounded due to high water conditions that have been present over the last two years. Setting the hook on a flier should be very common in 2005. Anglers targeting flier should concentrate their efforts in sloughs and backwater areas. The "yellow sallie" is the favorite artificial bait among flier anglers. Bullheads can be caught using worms, chicken livers, dead shrimp and crickets off the bottom in deep water along bank edges. Toccoa River (Below Blue Ridge Dam) Below Blue Ridge Reservoir, in Fannin County, Georgia, lies the cold, clear water of the lower Toccoa River. Flowing approximately 18 miles through scenic north Georgia and southeast Tennessee, the Toccoa offers anglers perhaps some of the best year-round trout fishing in the state. Water flow in this tailrace fishery is greatly influenced by operations at Blue Ridge dam. Since water flows can become treacherous rapidly, fisherman should check TVA's daily generation schedules (www.tva.com or 1-800-238-2264) for the dam before heading out on the river. The river is floatable by canoe, tube, or small boat, and wadeable at a number of locations. Popular access points include the park immediately below the dam, several road crossings, a TVA public access point downstream of Curtis Switch Rd., Horseshoe Bend Park, and a concrete boat ramp in McCaysville, Georgia. -15- Trout account for nearly three-quarters of the game fish population of the lower Toccoa River. WRD stocks the river annually with rainbow and brown trout adults and fingerlings. However, this is anything but your typical "stocker" trout stream. The system supports some natural reproduction and trout survive year-round in the river and its tributaries. These wild and holdover fish exhibit more natural behavior and finer table fare; an attribute often lost on "stockers." Trout of both species average around 9 inches, but plenty of 12-16 inch fish and an occasional 20+ inch bruiser can be hooked in the river. Trout can be taken with spinners, live bait and flies throughout the river. Fly-fisherman have come to find the lower Toccoa as a dry fly enthusiasts dream, but wet flies and streamers have their place, especially in the winter months. Checking TVA water release schedules for Blue Ridge Dam is not only a need for safety, but also a necessity of the resourceful angler. Water release not only affects river flow, but trout feeding times as well. Both browns and "bows" actively feed on falling water levels. That is to say, wet your line for hungry trout as the waters of the Toccoa drop at the tail end of a daily water release. Anglers "leapfrogging" from access point to access point on the river can sometimes keep up with these falling water conditions extending this golden fishing time. Feeding slows during low flow periods requiring stealthy and skilled lure presentation to score regular hook-ups. Besides trout, the lower Toccoa is home to smallmouth, largemouth, spotted and rock bass, yellow perch, bream and even a few catfish. Generally, abundance of these other species is low, but nonetheless they provide anglers with different fishing opportunities. Anglers are encouraged to harvest their limit of non-native spotted bass in 2005. Spots compete with, and can hybridize with, smallmouth bass, resulting in the collapse of the smallmouth fishery as has occurred in other areas of Georgia. Harvesting spots will help reduce competition with smallmouth and help sustain a unique Georgia fishery for years to come. www.gofishgeorgia.com Other Publications available from the WRD Fisheries Management Section (in both hard copy and online): 2005 Georgia Reservoir Fishing Prospects Trout Streams of Georgia (map) Introduction to Georgia Trout Fishing Small Lakes Open to Public Fishing Guidelines for Eating Fish from Georgia Waters 2005-2006 Sport Fishing Regulations -16-