GEORGIA STATE DIVISION OF CONSERVATION DEPARTMENT OF MINES. MINING AND GEOLOGY GARLAND PEYTON, Director THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN NUMBER 48 MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES OF GEORGIA By A. S. FURCRON Assistant State Geologist and KEFTON H. TEAGUE Junior Geologist Tennessee Valley Authority Published in Cooperation with the Tennessee Valley Authority ATLANTA 1943 C"l 0"' t"' 0 ;":;' > t"' Cc:JJ <"' "< ' Sheet Mica from the Early-Vaughn mine, Lamar County. J '\ LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL DEPARTMENT OF MINES, MINING AND GEOLOGY ATLANTA, April 28, 1943. To His Excellency, Ellis Arn;all, G===::::::4;;;,0"""~~~il80 Feet FIGURE 16 PLAN SHOWING THE LOCATION OF THE WORKINGS AT THE ATWATER MINE, UPSON COUNTY, GEORGIA. 7\{,~f6foisting shaft WIS rLJ'Hoistinq shaft r.2 ~;a 1 FIGURE 17 PLAN SHOWIIYG THE LOCATION OF THE WORKINGS AT THE OLD DUKE MINE, UPSON COUNTY,vEORGM Scale o.c==::e=:::::::40s==:==:==:~80 Feet 30 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY The width of the pegmatite is difficult to determine from the present works, although it is exposed in several of the pits. It may be at least 15 feet thick. The apparent strike is about N. 55o E. and the dip to the southeast. The enclosing rock is biotite gneiss saturated with granite and pegmatite, striking about N. 70 E. with a variable dip. The pegmatite and country rock are generally soft. The dumps consist of kaolin, kaolinized feldspar, quartz and a considerable amount of scrap mica. Lenses of milky quartz occur locally in the pegmatite. The mica is light rum to rum in color and generally of good quality. Most of the mica left in the dumps is small, although some pieces will trim 2 by 2 inches. Some of the discarded books exhibit crystal outline and so.rne of the books are cracked and bent. Some of the mica contains flat quartz growths with their exterior surfaces marked by the cleavage planes of the mica. About a fifth of a mile southwest of the above described locality and just east of the road in a pine woods, there is another old opening. Small books of flat rum-colored muscovite, biotite, and fragments of smoky and milky quartz occur around the pit. F. E. THOMPSON PROSPECT This prospect is located 4.0 miles (airline) and 5.0 miles via the Waynmanville and New Harmony Church roads S. 40 E. of Thomaston. It is an eighth of a mile due south of New Harmony Church. A sm,all hole 8 feet deep was dug recently 100 feet west of the road. The pegmatite is two feet thick, strikes N. 28 E. and dips 65 SE. It is kaolinized and is enclosed in weathered schist. The mica is rum-colored, the larger books up to punch size. L. M. BROOKS PROSPECT This property is located 3.5 miles (airline) and 4.5 miles by road S. 40o E. of Thomaston. The prospect lies near a branch 0.5 miles south of the Waynmanville Road and one-half a mile S. 60o W. of the L. M. Brooks home. The property was leased by H. H. Arnold and opened by the National Mica Company, March, 1942. L. W. Thomas states that 1600 pounds of mica were on hand August, 1942. The main workings at this prospect consist of a circular open pit 15 feet in diameter which extends below water level. Two drifts to the east and one to the south of undetermined length extend from this pit at water level. Entrance to the pit is gained by an open cut, 20 feet long, and a 1'2-foot drift west of the pit. Twel~e feet west of the open pit and extending north, there is a cross-cutting drift MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 31 15 feet long, which intersects a shaft or pit to the north of the main opening. The pegmatite is large with irregular walls. It consists of coarse feldspar, lenses of smoky quartz, and some mica. In the cross-cutting drift dikes occur which may unite at depth. The northernmost one is 8 feet thick and the southernmost one 4-8 feet thick, where they are separated by about 10 feet of schist. The pegmatites appear to strike about E.-W., dipping 40 S. In the branch below the mine, the country rock is a hard, fine-grained granite gneiss striking N. 50 E., dipping 50-70 SE. The wall rock and the pegmatite in the prospect are weathered to the extent of the works. Very little mica may be seen around the mine; It IS clear, but of the "A" variety. The prospect appears to offer better opportunities for the production of feldspar than of mica. w. M. DALLAS PROSPECTS One of the prospects is located 2.75 miles (airline) and 3.0 miles via the Waynmanville Road, S. 35 o E. of Thomaston. This prospect is 800 feet south of the road near the W. M. Dallas tenant house. About 300 feet west of the tenant house is an open field, a pit was dug for mica in 1942 by S. P. Cronheim. The pegmatite is three or four feet thick, consisting of coarsely crystallized pink feldspar, smoky quartz nodules, and numerous small books of rum-colored mica. No large quartz lenses are observed. The pegmatite is irregular in shape, lies nearly flat and is enclosed in biotite augen gneiss which is garnetiferous. Immediate!y southeast of the pit, the gneiss strikes N. 80 E. The pit at present is about 12 feet deep and exposes the complete thickness of the pegmatite. The mica is rum-colored, hard, flat, and splits well, but most of the books are small. Punch and some I Yz by 2 inch sheet were obtained here, but not enough was found to justify the continuation of mining. On the east side of the dwelling, due east of the above locality, a pit was made 15 feet deep. The pegmatite here tends to break up into stringers; it dips about 75 o E. The mica is similar to that described above and is smaller than punch. About a half a mile S. 25o W. of the above described locality, near a dirt road going east from the Thomaston-Butler Highway and near a peach orchard, some recent work for mica has been done. This work is on the same property as the above. Two localities near the peach orchard have been prospected. The easternmost openings were made on 32 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURY:EY the north side of the roa,d. Two periods of :prospectin'g are .represented here. No details are known of the early work, but the last work was,!:Jol)le in 1942 by S. P. Cronheim. The pits are made in a N. 41 o E. direction and have been made on the pegmatite for a length of about 400 feet, and to a probable depth of 25 feet. The pegmatite here is 4-5 f~e~ thick and is enclosed in weathered mica schist which strikes N. 47o E., 'dipping 60 SE. The pegmatite is composed of kaolinized feldspar in crystals'iip to 6 inches in diameter, lenses of smoky quartz, and muscovite;' some biotite books occur at the southwest end up to three inches in diameter. The muscovite is hard, flat, and rum-colored, but some of the books show "A" structure, and other books :~plit poorly. The largest books seen would trim up to lYz by. 2 inches. Records of production at the time of the early work are not available but in the recent work, very little. mica was produced. About 500 feet west of the previous locality and between the peach orchard and dirt road, S. P. Cronheim in 1942 put a shaft down on a pegmatite. This pegmatite .is northwest of the above-described one. At the time of the writers' visit, the openings here had been filled and the pegmatite was not exposed. The mica here is similar to. that described above. GIBSON PROSPECT The prospect is located 3.2 miles (airline) and 4.0 miles by road. S. 50 E. of Thomaston. It is 200 feet north of the Waynmanville Road in a cultivated field near the home of B. S. Gibson, the owner of the property. Some work was done upon this property in 194.2 by H. H. Arnold. Two pits were dug about 100 feet north of the Waynmanville Road, one of which is about 6 feet deep. A three-foot thickness of pegmatite is exposed in the deepest pit, but the ,actual thickness is not known since the hanging wall is not exposed. The pegmatite strikes N. 40 E., dipping about 78o NW. The dike is enclosed in coarse-grained biotite-granite gneiss. The pegmatite consists of hard potash feldspar, quartz, muscovite and some biotite. The mica is hard, flat and rum-colored, but is of the "A" type. Books of punch size and a small amount of l Yz by 2 inches are found around the opening. On the other side of the hill and about 300 feet northeast of the above-mentioned locality, a pit was made in kaolinized pegmatite. The pegmatite generally conforms to the wall rock schist which dips 66o SE. and strikes about E-W. An opening five feet deep with an 8-foot drift, southwest into the pegmatite has been made at this place. The dike is MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES about two feet thick. The mica is light rum-colored, cracked, not very flat, and exhibits "A" structure. Most of the work on this property was done about 300 feet west of the Gibson home. Here, a 20-foot shaft was sunk on a 5-foot pegmatite. A drift extends southwest from the bottom of the shaft along the dike. An open pit, made about 15 feet southwest of the shaft, probably was intersected by the drift, but the pit is now filled. The dike, as exposed in the shaft, strikes N. 55o E., dipping 85o SE. In the shaft, the pegmatite narrows from a thickness of 5 feet at the surface to 3 feet at the bottom. A lens of milky and smoky quartz up to 15 inches in thickness and 10 feet long occurs near the center of the dike. Mica left around the shaft is of the "A" variety. A few books would sheet 2 by 2 inches. Not much mica was obtained from these prospects. Beryl has been reported from this locality. EMMIT TRICE PROPERTY A pit 15 feet deep was made in the summer of 1942 upon the south side of the Thomaston-Triune Mill Road. The propery is located 3.6 miles by road and 3.2 miles (airline) S. 65o E. of Thomaston. The pegmatite strikes N. 56 E., is almost vertical but dips slightly to the northwest. It consists of narrow bodies which intrude weathered, granitized biotite schist. The thickest intrusion observed in the pit is about 6 inches wide. The books of mica are flat and rum-colored, but all of them are smaller than punch, thus the prospect is not promising. BENTLEY PROSPECT This prospect lies four miles northeast of Thomaston and a half mile south of the Yatesville-Thomaston Highway. Several small pits, about 10 feet deep, were dug about 15 years ago in a narrow pegmatite- dike on the property of J. W. Bentley. Some biotite and muscovite may be found in the dumps. The property was not seen by the writer, but Smith15 was unable to find any mica larger than a silver dollar. s. P. CRONHEIM PROSPECT A pit was dug for mica recently by S. P. Cronheim 5.4 miles (airline) and 6.5 miles by road S. 70 E. of Thomaston via the Triune Mill Road. The prospect is located 0.25 miles south of the Triune Mill Road and just east of the dirt road from Gatlin Church to the Triune Mill Road. The square pit at this place is 10 feet deep with a short drift at the bottom which extends in a N. 2r E. direction. The pegmatite strikes 34 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY N. 53 W., dipping 38 NE. The middle portion of the pegmatite contains a quartz lens about 8 inches thick; the dike has a total thickri.ess of 4.5 feet. The country rock is deeply; weathered schist. Green "A" mica occurs in the quartz lens. In the pegmatite proper, there is a concentration of mica towards the foot and hanging wall: sides of the dike. The mica associated with quartz nodules and lenses is green, but otherwise the mica of the pegmatite is light rum in color. Some books contain "A" mica and flat, clear mica; and in some books, the mica is rum-colored on one side, grading into pale green on the other side. The prospect is not promising. BENNIE BARRON OR WALKER WAKEFIELD MINE This old abandoned mine is located in Jug District 5.5~mile~. (airline) and 7 miles by roadS. 68o E. of Thomaston. It is 30 feet west of a dirt road and 0.5 miles north of Gatlin Church, which is on thy Waynmanville Road. The mine is now owned by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation and the Northwestern Bank. The history of this mine is incomplete. Mica was first mined here by Mr. Hancock in 1918-20. The mine was later operated for }. S. Burleson by C. A. Nichols in 1921-22. Shortly before mining operations ceased, a man was killed by a cave-in on the main shaft. The mine consists at present of a large conical-shaped pit 25 feet deep and 40 feet in diameter. This is the site of the original main shaft. On the northeast edge of this pit, there is a smaller partly-filled pit 10 feet deep and 10 feet in diameter. A short distance to the northeast and on the west bank of the road, there is a 12-foot inclined shaft made in the pegmatite. Much caving has gone on here. An untimbered shaft about 35 feet deep and 7 feet square was made in country rock in the spring of 1942, 10 feet west of the small shaft, by Mr. Mayberry of North Carolina. The pegmatite is partly exposed in the north wall of the large pit. At this place, it consists of weathered feldspar, nodules and lenses of smoky quartz and small books of ribbon mica. In the inclined shaft on the road bank, the pegmatite also is exposed. Here, it consists of kaolinized feldspar, nodules of smoky quartz, and small books of mica. The dike here seems to strike N. 10o E. The pegmatite appears to dip about 75o SE., where it is exposed in the partly filled pit. The strike of the dike, according to the alignment of the old workings, is about N. 15o MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 35 E. It is assumed that the new shaft was sunk with the intention of cross- cutting to the dike. Smith states that the vein, according to Mr. J. W. Roper, strikes N. 25 E. and dips about 85o SE., averaging about 10 feet in thickness and containing several off-shoots. Most of the mica is said to have come from a very rich "barrel" or "shoot." Nichols and Burleson worked the mine by the "hub-shaft" method with drifts along the dike and following the off-shoots. This shaft is believed to have been carried to a depth of 110 feet. According to reports, this was one of the largest mica mines in the area, and at least $100,000.00 worth of mica is said to have been removed from this place. The mica removed from the mine was clear, flat, hard, rum-colored, and of excellent quality. Part of the mica contains inclusions of quartz, and some contains light green hexagonal crystals of apatite. Some of the books in the dump are cracked, wavy and twisted. Books left in the dump will sheet 1_12 by 2 and 2 by 3 inches. Some books as large as 4 by 6 inches occur in the dump. DUKE MINE This mine is located 7 miles (airline) and 8 miles by road S. 60o E. of Thomaston via the Waynmanville Road. The mine is 0.5 miles N. 50 E. of the bridge across Tobler Creek on a flat ridge about 300 feet north of the road on the northeastern outskirts of Waynmanville. It is owned by F. H. Duke, Route 2, Thomaston. The mine is about three-eighths of a mile northeast of his home. The mine was opened by R. L. Duke. Mica was mined here in 1917-18 and again in 1926-27. Clarence E. Tucker, of New Hampshire, operated the mine after Mr. Duke. Thr history of production is not known, although $2000.00 worth of e~cellent sheet mica is said to have been removed. A small amount of random prospecting was done here in 1942. An inspection of the works (fig. 17) reveals a series of shafts up to 45 feet in depth. Pegmatite was not exposed in Shafts Nos. 2 and 4. Judging from the alignment of the other shafts, the pegmatite strikes f;om due north to N. 10o E.; it is reported to dip to the southeast. The mining operations extended over a total distance of 350 feet. Most of the pits are now fallen in. According to reports, the miners drifted along the dike from the bottom of the shafts. 1'he pegmatite is exposed in Shaft No. 6. It is coarse-grained, consisting of coarse, cleavable microcline, mica and some smoky quartz. Most of the mica seems to be near the hanging wall. GEORGIA GEOLOGI CAL S u RVEY B U LLETIN 48 FIG URES 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22 FIGURE 18, Drilling at the Mitchell-Creek mine, Upson County. ~2 OJ 04 ~.5 ~6 Suit 30 0 30 60 he I i=hcdEt:::="==""" NOTCS : A rrnl #ll~mpl woJS m#Ck lo r:JpM s/161"1 No. S . JIJ4FI.J No. I 4 7 4r' n'w, Ill~ Dlher.s ,,., Did. ,~ FIG. ZO CiROUNO PLAN Of THE WORKINGS AT THE REYNOLDS IIICA IIINE, UPSON COUNTY, GEORGIA FIGURE 19, Mining face, Mitchell Creek mine, Feb., 1943. Plwtos by S. P. Cronheim 01 02 Scale 2i.&xi:::::::2"=b,;j.-o Fttl OJ 04 05 o 10 zorut d e--=4 FIG. Zl GROUND PLAN Of THE OPENINGS AT THE STEVENS OR ROCK IIINE, UPSON COUNTY, GEORGIA NOT$ : SMFIJ num/wr 1 6,9110 npreJMI FortMr worA II IItts miM . TM presMf minin9 is /wing obne rrom .sMfl.s numb6r 7 & 8. fiG. 22 PLAN SHOWING THE LOCATION Of THE OPENINGS AT THE ADAIIS IIINE, UPSON COUNTY, GEORGIA, fEB 1943 MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 37 The pegmatite is kaolinized to the bottom of the works. Kaolinized feldspar, quartz, and small books of muscovite and biotite compose the dumps. The biotite is partly altered to vermiculite. Occasional muscovite books contain the usual marginal quartz inclusions, inclusions of small books of biotite, etc. It is probable that the best and largest books of mica are not equally distributed in the pegmatite in the direction of the strike. The mica here has a deep rum color, is flat, hard, and splits well. Mr. F. H. Duke recently removed about 50 pounds of block mica from Shaft No. 6. It is not likely that mining operations extended much below water level at this locality and, since good mica is known to have come from here, the mine deserves additional investiga}ion. MITCHELL-CREEK MINE This mine is located 7.25 miles (airline) and 10 miles by road S. 65 o E. of Thomaston. The mine is one mile northeast of Waynmanville on a small branch of Tobler Creek. It is accessible via a woods road north of the Waynmanville road. This property was purchased by S. P. Cronheim from J. T. Mitchell. The mine is located in a valley and in the bed of a small branch. The rocks are hard thus the usual mining equipment is used. The mine has been developed recently from a prospect. At the present time, the mine is in the shape of an open cut which follows the pegmatite along its dip and strike. The country rock is an old biotite gneiss (usually garnetiferous) thoroughly saturated and recrystalized by pegmatite which tends to follow the original planes of metamorphism, producing a lit-par-lit type of injection. There is one strong joint direction which runs S. 35o W. The pegmatite 1s four to five feet thick, contammg included bands of biotite schist which dip with the pegmatite. It tends to conform along dip and strike to the country rock, but locally replaces it and cuts across it. In January of this year, the average strike of the pegmatite, where exposed in the open cut, was about N. 70 E. and the dip was 20-30 SE. Since that time, variations in dip and strike have increased. The vein shows a tendency to divide around inclusions of schist, and locally the walls are not definite. The pegmatite is unusually coarse, consisting of several types of feldspar, rum-colored muscovite, biotite, and quartz. Green apatite is unusually abundant. The mineralogy at this mine rather closely resembles that of the Mauldin Mine. Large, cleavable masses 38 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURYEY of oligoclase, and of microcline occur locally in the pegmatite. Coarse, cleavable soda microcline is -c9mmon, and a coarse cleavable glassy variety of microcline, referred to as "dental spar," is rather abundant. Biotite occurs in large books, esp~cially associated with books o muscovite. In some cases, the outer portions of the books consist of sheet biotite, the inner portions of hard, .flat, rum-colored mica. Biotite books are included within the muscovite and vice versa. Apatite crystals are frequently included in the muscovite as well as are small growths of later quartz. Apatite is less common in the biotite books but is abundant in the pegmatite in general. Mica from this mine is hard, flat, rum-colored and of excellent quality. At present writing, the mine is in the development stage, thus is just coming into production. CHARLIE N:rMs MINE This property is 3.8 miles (airline) S. 46 W. of the center of Yatesville. The mine is about 200 feet east of Israel Creek upon a rocky slope about 25 feet above creek level. This point is about half . a mile east of the Nims home which is located on a soil road bet~een Yatesville and Triune Mill. The mine is about two miles northeast of Triune Mill. The prospect is owned by Charlie Nims (colored) Yatesville, Route 2. The site of this small mine is in a cultivated field where small pines have grown up since it was abandoned. Some work was done here in 1917-18 by C. E. Sewell; the foreman in charge of the mining was a Mr. Green of North Carolina. The total amount of work consisted of three pits in line and close together, sufficiently connected to produce a trench about 40 feet long, now somewhat filled. The deepest pit was probably not more than 25 feet in depth. According to the owner, a small pump was used; the mine was abandoned because the water could not be handled. The pegmatite is not well exposed at present, but the trench strikes about N. 78o W. which may be also the strike of the pegmatite. The country rock is biotite gneiss rather thoroughly saturated with granite. It strikes about E-W, dipping about 30 N. The pegmatite is about 4 feet thick, but is irregular in shape, and off-shooting dikes and stringers cut, parallel, and more or less saturate the country rock. A pit, about 10 feet deep, dug in pegmatite and schist during the summer of 1942. reveals the presence of sheet mica in the schist where it is associated with very little pegmatite material. Although the schist is rather thoroughly weathered, MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 39 "burr-rock" and fragments of pegmatite in the dump are fresh and hard. Rather small, nodular lenses of smoky quartz occur in the pegmatite. The pegmatite is medium-textured. The mica here is rum-colored, hard, flat and splits well. There is very little ruling although some of the books contain cracks. A few books of weathered mica contain small holes produced by the removal , of some mineral, and some unweathered books contain small inclusions of clear, green apatite. Books of punch size remain still upon the dump, and there are some books which will trim 2 by 2 inches. Nirns states that books 5 by 5 inches, or larger, were taken from the mine, some of which sold for $10.00 or more in 1918. The owner received a 10 per cent royalty and was paid $58.00 for mica removed from this small opening in about a month's time. It is reasonable to believe that if the pits were cleaned out and work was resumed, more good mica could be obtained here. About 250 feet N. 30o W. of Nirns' borne, books of mica, punch size and larger, occur in the soil of a cultivated field. These books are associated with some quartz and "burr rock." The mica is similar in character to that described above. It is reported that mica books 2-3 inches across have been picked up here. This place should be prospected. SHORT-MITCHELL MINE The mine is located 3.4 miles (airline) and 4 miles by road S. 20 W. of Yatesville via the Yatesville-Butler Road. It is 0.25 miles west of the dirt road and 300 feet N. 26o E. of the Short horne. The land is owned by Henry Short. Work was started here in the summer of 1942 by J. T. Mitchell, and work was carried on by M. S. Black, who has leased the property and plans to mine it in the near future. The works are in the shape of an inverted cross. The shaft is 5 by 5 feet, has a total depth of 58 feet, and is timbered to the bottom. There is about 15 feet of water in the shaft. At about water level, there is a 16-foot drift made in the direction of N. 10o E., but curving north of the entrance slightly to the northwest. The second opening in the side of the shaft, at about the same level, is 7 feet high and 8 feet long. The pegmatite is enclosed in weathered biotite schist. The total thickness of the dike could not be determined at the time of the visit. The dike includes schist bands which have a southeast dip, thus suggesting a similar dip for the pegmatite. Mica appears to be concentrated in the 40 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY vicinity of the schist bands. The pegmatite is thoroughly weathered, ~l;J;us the shaft should be carried into hard rock. A large amount of mica w!ls obtained from this shaft and was of excellent quality, but it is b~dl~ clay-stained. The mica is flat and rum-colored, and ruling is common. One 35-pound book was removed. Biotite books, as large as 6 by 6 inches more or less altered to vermiculite, are usually associated with the muscovite. This is a very promising prospect. HELEN McDoNALD PROPERTY This property is located half a mile south of Yatesville on property formerly owned by Helen McDonald. It is now owned by H. P. Edwards of Yatesville. This locality was not visited by the writers, but Smithl5 states that a prospect pit was dug in a field in 1931 to a depth of 23 feet. The dike is about 5 feet thick, striking N. 70o W. with a r{'ortheastward dip. Some good mica was encountered near the surface against quartz; near the bottom of the pit, the quartz was near the center of the dike with mica on each side. The mica, although in large blocks, is broken, twisted, and of the "A" type. J. H. REYNOLDS MINE This mine (fig. 20) is located 2.5 miles (airline) and three miles by road S. 70 W. of Yatesville. It is 1.'25 miles due souvh of Tobler Creek. It is half a mile northwest of the dirt roa4 from the Yatesville-Thomaston Road to Triune Mill where it is on a wooded hillside on the east side of a small branch. The property is owned by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation and the Northwestern Bank. The mine was operated by J. S. Burleson about 1917-18. The works consist of several old shafts considerably caved and filled which line up in a N. 55o W. direction. Both country rock and pegmatite are considerably weathered, the dumps consisting of kaolin, quartz fragments and mica. The property was recently leased by the Asheville Mica Company which made a new shaft in schist (l.) 15 feet to water. They also made an attempt to re-open Shaft No. 5, but found the ground difficult to hold. The thoroughly weathered wall rock is said to be more difficult to hold than the pegmatite. After an unsuccessful attempt to timber the shaft at water level over a period of two weeks, the mine was abandoned. According to Alexander, of the Colonial Mica Corporation, they had removed 100 pounds of mica August 1, 194.2. The pegmatite is poorly exposed he~e so that it was impossible to determine its width. The dike appears to dip to the southwest and has MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 41 a n,orthwest strike. The mica is flat, hard, rum-colored and of excellent quality. It is stated that $40,000 worth was removed formerly. Good miners should be able to re-open this mine and produce mica here. About 300 feet S. 65o E. of Pit No. 6, there is a new pit 10 feet deep. The pegmatite here is four feet thick, strikes N. 65 W., and has a nearly vertical dip; it is enclosed in biotite-granite gneiss. It is composed of semi-kaolinized feldspar, smoky quartz, and considerable biotite and rum-colored muscovite. The muscovite books show traces of radiating "A" structure. This pit appears to be in a different pegmatite from the one where the main workings are located. STEVENS OR RocK MINE This mine (fig. 21) is on the Stevens' estate and is 3.5 miles west of Yatesville and a quarter of a mile north of the Yatesville-Thomaston Highway. It is two miles west of Tobler's Mill. The mine is about 150 yards northwest of the home of Paul Sullivan. Mica was mined here in 1919 by J. T. Boyt. The mine was later operated by J. S. Burleson of North Carolina. The present owners are the Reconstruction Finance Corporation and the Northwestern Bank. The principal part of the mine consists of a curved, inclined cut about 80 feet long and 8 to 15 feet wide, and with a reported depth of 65 feet; it strikes in a N. 25 o W. direction. The pegmatite is 9 to 13 feet wide, dipping about 80 SW. at the northwest end of the cut and at about 75 SE. at the northeast end. According to Mr. J. B. McDonald of Yatesville, the best mica came from the north end of the cut and $45,000 to $50,000 worth of mica was mined here. It is reported that 840 pounds of 4-by 6-inch sheet was disposed of at one sale. About 100 feet to the south and slightly up the slope from this locality, there is another opening which strikes N. 40 E. This opening is about 6 to 8 feet wide, 35 feet deep, 50 feet long, and contains water. It is not improbable that the pegmatite mined here is connected ar depth with the one described above. The pegmatite upon this property is very coarse-grained, consisting of microcline, some plagioclase and locally, quartz lenses. Some of the quartz contains black tourmaline crystals; large books of biotite up to 4 by 3 inches may be found in the dump. The country rock is garnetiferous biotite-granite gneiss, and the pegmatite has induced recrystallization of biotite and other minerals in the wall rock. The dike, mineralogically, resembles the Battle Mine, but contains more plagioclase and biotite. It contains less apatite than the dike at the Mauldin Mine. The mica is hard, flat, rum-colored and splits well. The mine should produce good n1iea . 42 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SuRVEY Several outcrops have been prospected just west of the horne o,f Paul Sullivan. According to Srnith15, the mica is in red "burr-rock"., He states that at a place one-half to one-eighth of a mile due west of, the ori house, there is another series of mica pits and prospects. These are a vein about two feet in width that is composed of hard "burr-rock" with some quartz and some feldspar. About 2,000 pounds Qf mica are said to have been taken from these pits. About a quarter of a mile N. 70o W., there is a prospect pit about 8 feet deep. Some good mica was obtained here next to quartz in a vein about two feet wide. Mica books occur at several places in a field between this pit and the places described above. MRS. AGGIE CASTLEN P:EtoPERTY This property, known as the old Mark Lions place and formerly owned by Mrs. Aggie Casrlen, is now owned by Sarah Colbert, 793 Pied mont Avenue, N. E., Atlanta, Ga. The property is located 3.5 miles (air line) N. 55o W. of the center of Yatesville. It is two miles (airline) N. 25 o W. of Tobler Mill and four miles by road from Yatesville. The site of an old shaft may be seen on the northeast side of the soil road between the road and the Southern Railroad. Mica was mined here after the first World War by John McDonald of Yatesville for J. S. Burleson, Mica was said to have been mined from three pits about 20 to 25 feet apart and two of the pits were on a N. 60o W. strike. The original holes are said to have been 15-20 feet deep, but at present the pits have been completely filled. It is reliably reported that 75 loads of rock were thrown into the mine. The pegmatite crosses the road near the site of the old mine where it is 4 to 5 feet thick and is exposed in the northeastern bank. It appears to strike N. 15o E. and dips nearly vertically, but slightly to the southeast. The dike consists of granular quartz, small quartz lenses, kaolinized feldspar and small books of rum-colored mica. Outcrops in this area ate rather poor, but granite is exposed in a field on the southwest side of the road. Here, also, some fragments of blue vein quartz may be found. The old dump has been leveled down and scattered about the locality of the mine. Small fragments of milky and smoky quartz are common in the soil, and many of them contain prisms of tourmaline, some as large as 2.5 inches in diameter. No fresh feldspar occurs, thus it is assumed that the dike is rather well kaolinized to the depth of the old workings. A considerable amount of scrap mica is 'scattered about. The mica is rum-colored; books are generally flat but may be slightly wavy, and MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 43 books that represented good sheet up to 2 by 3 inches may be found. Judging from the character of the scrap around the mine, large books of commercial mica were obtained from this mine. CLIFF MIDDLEBROOKS PROPERTY This property is located on the dirt road between Yatesville and Topeka Junction at Rest Haven. A pegmatite 4 feet thick, striking N. 52o E. and dipping 83o NW., crosses the dirt road near the residence. It has not been prospected, hut all of the mica seen is smaller than punch. JACK WALKER PROSPECTS These prospects are on the old Jack Walker (colored) estate located 2.5 miles due _porth of Yatesville via the Yatesville-Barnesville Road. One opening has been made 100 feet west of this road. Another shaft has been put down about half a mile northwest of the above-men tioned one near an old saw mill, and is accessible by a wood's road. Early prospecting on this property was done about 1920 by John McDonald, of Yatesville. At the pit near. the road, there is an old partlyfilled shaft which is not accessible at present. A recent opening nearby was made in 1942 by C. M. Wacaster. This pit is about 15 feet deep made in soft pegmatite with drifts along the dike from the bottom. The dike is about 8 feet thick and includes schist bands. It strikes N-S and dips near vertical. It contains lenses of smoky and milky quartz. The mica is flat, hard, rum-colored and exhibits some ruling. At the locality near the saw mill, there is an old shaft which was re-opened and timbered by Wacaster in 1942 for J. R. Whitman. It is reported that the pegmatite is kaolinized to a point below water level, thus . the operator was unable to hold the ground and the shaft was abandoned. The shaft is about 26 feet deep, and from the bottom there is a 5-foot drift to the west and a drift 4-5 feet long to the south. It is reported that McDonald took the original shaft to water level and obtained some good mica from it. Biotite and muscovite books occur in the dumps which also contain kaolinized feldspar, and fragments of smoky quartz lenses which includes prisms of black tourmaline. Very little mica is showing in the dump, but that which is found is of good quality. In a field about a fifth of a mile due south of the pit near the road, there is an old filled pit an'd a new pit 6 feet deep now partly-filled. Very little work has been done at this place. The country rock is a biotite GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL. SURVEY augen gneiss. In the dump, there are fragments of smoky .quartz, semikaolinized feldspar, and books of flat, rum:colored mica smaller than punch. w. E. ADAMS MINE This mine lies three miles north of Yatesville, east of the paved road to Barnesville. It is accessible from the paved road by a woods road, which runs east from the highway and which leaves the highway at an old chimney. The mine is about 0.8 mile east of the paved road via the woods road. M'ica was mined here in 1918 by J. M. McDonald of Yatesville, a year or two later by C. M. Wacaster and B. M. Willis and again in 1931, by the Howell brothers. It was leased recently to the Asheville Mica Coniparry, which is removing good mica from the mine at the present time (February, 1943). The pegmatite strikes N. 4,5o W., dipping southwest at about 60o and is from 3}'2 to 4 feet thick. It has been worked over a distance of 328 feet by numerous shafts and drifts. Most of the shafts are said to have atta,ined a depth of about 45 feet, but one shaft is said to have been 72 feet deep. Mr. McDonald told Smith15 that it was necessary to pump water continuously during the period of mining, and that at one time water was pumped at the rate of 3,600 gallons per hour. Pit No. 1 (fig. 22), at the northwest end of the works, is about 35 feet deep. The pit is dry and the pegmatite is ex.posed at the bottom. The dump consists of kaolin, smoky quartz and books of mica smaller than punch. Pit No. 2 is about 35 feet deep. No commercial mica was obtained here, and the dump is similar to Pit No. 1. Pits 3, 4 and 5 are old pits, mostly filled. The size and character of the dumps indicate that they were carried for some distance into the pegmatite. Number 6 is an old filled pit now six feet deep. Shaft No. 7 is a newly timbered shaft 40 feet deep with 10 feet of water in the bottom. The Asheville Mica Company plans to deepen this shaft. Number 8 is a new shaft now 60 feet deep, from which the lessees are removing an average of 500 pounds of good block mica per day. They are operating three shifts a day and are pumning water continuously. Other mechanical equipment around the mine consists of a hoist, compressor and jack hammer. Number 9 is an old partlyfilled shaft now about 25 feet deep. Pit No. 10 is eight feet deep and is made in a blue garnetiferous biotite granite. No pegmatite is exposed. This pit appears to be slightly east of the strike of the dike. MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 45 In Shaft No. 8, the pegmatite becomes hard between 50 and 60 feet below the surface. Mica boo.ks up to seven inches across are exposed in the pegmatite. The country rock is a garnetiferous biotitegranite gneiss, striking N. 40 W. and dipping 70o SW. Biotite has been reported from this mine but its occurrence is rare. The muscovite has a deep rum color; cracks and small ruling constitute the principal defects. It is hard, splits well and is of excellent quality. D. K. CARTER MINE Recent mining has been done on the D. K. Carter property, located 5.2 miles (airline) and 6.5 miles by road S. 15 o E. of Barnesville. The mine is accessible via the Barnesville-Culloden Highway and a dirt road going west from the highway. The mine is half a mile west of the highway in an open field, and is in the extreme northeastern part of Upson County. Mining for mica first began on this property in 1941 by D. K. Carter and D. C. Smith. L. W. Thomas reports that 500 pounds of mica were on hand August 27, 1942. This property adjoins the Kelly O'Neal property to the west. Several of the openings described here were caved and inaccessible, when visited. Several pits extend from the O'Neal line in a N. 60o E. direction for a distance of about 1,100 feet. The shaft on the O'Neal line was covered with boards and was inaccessible. This pit .is about 15 feet deep with a short drift towards the south at the bottom. The mica here is rum-colored and flat, but clay-stained. Some of the books are cracked. Punch and some 112 by 2-inch mica couid be sheeted from the small amount which remains around the pit. A short distance to the east a shallow square pit has been made in the pegmatite; some stained ,punch and sheet were obtained here. Two pits about 10 feet apart occur in the field about 100 feet N. 55 o E. of the above. One of these pits contains water at about 20 feet from the surface. The other pit, slightly to the north, is from 25-30 feet deep and contains water in the bottom. The two pits are connected by a short tunnel. In the latter mentioned pit, the dike is well exposed. It is 6-9 feet thick, strikes N. 10o E. and dips 61 o NW. Near the bottom of the pit, the pegmatite contains a lens of smoky quartz near its middle portion about 5 feet thick which thins out 8 feet higher up. Small lenses of quartz are common throughout the pegmatite. The country rock is weathered mica schist and bands of schist are included in the dike. The pegmatite re- 46 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY mains soft and kaolinized below present water level, which is about 20 feet from the surface. The mica here is hard, clear, light rum-colored and splits well; but it is badly clay-stained. A filled pit occurs about 1,000 feet N. 65 E. from the above. The ground is very soft at this locality and water stands at the present writing about 12 feet from the surface, although the static watey level here should be several feet lower. The pegmatite as exposed at the mouth of the shaft is 4 feet thick, strikes about E.-W. and dips 66o S. The dump consists of kaolin, small lenses of smoky quartz, muscovite and biotite. The muscovite here is clay-stained, but otherwise, it is hard, flat,, light rum-colored and splits well. Many of the books have been "ribboned." "Ribboned" boo,ks, up to 4 by 6 inches, can be found around the shaft. This end of the property should be prospected further. KELLY O'NEAL MINE Southwest of the D. K. Carter and on the adjoining property owned by Kelly O'Neal (colored), there are two pits close together. One pit is about 20 feet and the northernmost one is 12-15 feet deep. The 20-fo~t shaft was made by W. P. Buckner. The other was made shortly after; by the O'Neal brothers. The country rock is mica schist, striking N. 70o E. and dipping 50 SE. Granite crops out nearby to the north. The pegmatite is four feet thick and off-shooting stringers occur. Little mica is reported to have been removed from these pits, although O'Neal states that one book measuring 6 by 10 inches was removed. Other pits were made by the O'Neals in the field southwest of this locality in 1942. Two pits, about 1,000 feet southwest of the above pits, occur. The country rock is biotite gneiss striking N. 60 W. and dipping 52o SW. The pegmatite strikes N. 28o W., dipping 57o SW. and is 4 feet thick. The pits here are from 10 to 15 feet deep, and the pegmatite is completely kaolinizea. Large books of biotite, some of which exhibit ruling, are found in the dump. Some of the muscovite books in the dump contain small quartz inclusions. The mica here is of good quality and O'Neal states that he obtained froi;D. $40.00 to $50.00 for mica shipments to North Carolina from his place. J. M. BEVELL PROPERTY This property lies one and one-half miles due north of The Rock on the road to Piedmont. Mica has been found in a cultivated field an eighth of a mile west of the Bevell home and south of Rose Creek. Pieces of mica MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 47 several inches across have been reported from an area about 25 feet in diameter. The writers were not successful in their search for mica upon the property. J. A. pARTRIDGE MINE This mine is located 6.2 miles (airline) and 8.4 miles by road N. 16 W. of Thomaston via the Thomaston-Griffin Highway and a dirt road going northwest from the highway at Shiloh Church and School. It is 2.5 miles due west of McKenny store. Work has been done on the north side of the road near the crest of a hilL The property is owned by Z. E. Thompson of Meansville. N. L. Baxter opened the mine in 1914-15 and is reported to have removed some good mica. Mr. W. H. Sanders, Sr. has done some recent prospecting here. Several old pits along a N. 60 E. strike were dug to about 28 feet (water level) and mica is said to have been recovered by drifting and stoping. The old pits are filled at present. The recent workings consist of a trench-like cut 20 feet long, 4 feet wide and 15 feet deep made in the pegmatite on the north side of the road. About 18 feet west of the cut, a small pit was made in the dike. On the south side of the road and 75 feet southwest of the main cut, a small open pit has been made in a narrow pegmatite. In the present openings, the pegmatite is from 6-8 feet thick with a quartz lens 1~ feet thick in the middle. The dike strikes N. 50 E., dipping 70o NW. The mica appears to be concentrated near the quartz lens. The pegmatite is thoroughly weathered. Mica from the recent works, associated with the quartz lens, is of the green "A" type and many of the books are bent. The dump from the old pit contains both green "A" and rum-colored mica which indicates that a better grade of mica may have been obtained from the dike some distance from the quartz lens. E. M. THOMPSON PROSPECT About 600 feet S. 45o E. of the J. A. Partridge mine and on the adjoining property, C. M. Wacaster did some prospecting for mica in 1942. He is reported to have removed 2 or 3 tons of scrap. The opening here is about 200 feet south of the road. The pegmatite strikes N. 10o W., dipping 77 NE., and crosses the road just east of the dwelling. The dike is 6-18 feet thic~ with numerous stringers and offshoots into the mica schist. A shallow drift, about 55 feet long, was made in the hillside in a northwest direction along the strike of the pegmatite. 48 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY The country rock strikes N. 120 E., dipping 60 SE., and both the country rock and the dike are weathered and kaolinized. . Mica is abundant locally in this pegmatite and books as large as 6 by 6 inches occur around the prospect, but most of the books are small and badly ruled. The prospect offers little encouragement for the pro duction of sheet mica. NOTTINGHAM PROSPECTS Someprospecting has been done recently on the Nottingham property. These prospects are located 7.8 miles (airline) and 10 miles by road S. 20o E. of Thomaston. The northernmost prospect is located 1.8 miles S. 50o W. of the junction of the Yatesville Road and the ThomastonButler Highway. This opening lies 300 feet east of Tobler Creek and near the tenant house. Recent work here has exposed a medium to coarsetextured quartz-feldspar pegmatite having a N. 40 E. strike and dipping to the southeast. The dike is about three feet thick and is enclosed in a biotite gneiss which strikes N. 80 E., dipping 39 SE. This is a poor prospect for mica, but some commercial feldspar might be produced here. About 0.6 mile due south of the above described locality and 200 f~~t. east of Tobler Creek, some recent work has been done for mica. The woik here has been done on a small hill about 20 feet above the creek leveL The workings consist of an open pit 8 feet in diameter and 14 feet deep :inade in the pegmatite. Entrance to the pit is by way of a narrow open cut made from the down-hill side. The entrance cut is made in biotite gneiss and is 30 feet long. The pegmatite, as exposed in the open pit, strikes N. 35o E., dipping 67 SE. It is 'from 6 inches to 4..5 feet thick and is very irregular in shape, along both the strike and dip. It consists of kaolinized potash feldspar, small lenses of smoky quartz, and mica. The dike is enclosed in a deeply weathered granitized biotite gneiss, striking N. 40o E. and dipping 65o SE. The mica in the dike is hard and rum-colored; however, it is badly cracked and ruled, and bent and curved books are unusually common. Much of the mica splits poorly. The prospect has little promise for the production of sheet mica. c. D. ELLERBEE PROPERTY This prospect is reported to be on the west side of Hendricks Road, 2 miles southwest of Crest, where Smith15 states that a pegmat}te was prospected in 1917-18. In 1932, he found a pit about 4, feet deep and 15 MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 49 feet long which strikes N. 35o W. The dump is composed mostly of "burrrock". Books of mica, as large as 3 inches across, some badly ruled, occur. It is reported that no mica was sold from this place. Lamar County w H. S. ORSHAM PROPERTY This property, known also as the Manrey or Pond property, is located 1.5 miles northeast of Barnesville and half a mile due east of the Barnesville reservoir. A small pit exposes a fine-grained pegmatite striking E.-W. and dipping 45o N. The mica .is hard, greenish-rum in color and splits well, but it is very small, curved and contains spots. The dike is enclosed in a coarse-grained mica schist. H. B. MANREY PROSPECT This prospect is located seven miles east of Barnesville, and is 0.8 miles north of the Forsyth-Barnesville Highway. It is 0.8 mile due north of Rocky Mount Church. An old mine shaft on the northwest bank of the road which was opened in 1917-18 was originally '20 feet deep. The shaft is now filled but a small trench has been made at this locality by recent prospectors. Biotite gneiss and schist are e~posed in the east wall of the trench where nearly vertical layers strike N. 26 E. The feldspar in the dump is kaolinized. About 8 feet southwest of the little trench, there is a recently made pit about 10 feet deep. The pegmatite is exposed in the east side of the pit. Books of flat rum mica 2 by 2 inches, which will trim 1 by 1 inches may be dug from the dike. Some books contain a few minute six-sided specks of biotite. The west wall of the pit exposes biotite augen gneiss. There are no available records. of production from this place. The owner stated that if any commercial mica were obtained, he was not paid for it. INGRAHAM PROSPECT The 0. W. and 0. B. Ingraham prospect, known as the old Potts Estate, lies on the Lamar-Monroe County line, seven miles (airline) S. 80o E. of Barnesville. It is 1.5 miles due south of the Barnesville-Forsyth Highway at the point where it crosses the county line, and on the old dirt road from Barnesville to Forsyth. Mica was mineel upon this property in 1917-18 by Lambert, where filled pits occur about one-sixth of a mile N. 8o W. of the Ingraham home. There is little to be seen at this locality now except some scrap mica and some large pieces of white quartz which contain the impressions of mica books and some included crystal of GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 48 PLATE 3 MICA DEPOSITS OF MONROE AND LAMAR COUNTIES, GEORGIA I L--------,-----r ----.j --~L _ __ _ __ __ i _j i i i i i ~,..ol re6'l1:o-s.- rrtl~1'..1 LAMAR iL ____ _ Scale 2'===ct==oi=:==i34 Miles IH S Worsham Property(Manrey or Pondl 2-Col.H. B. Manrey Prospect )The O.W and O.B. Ingraham M1ne 4[arly-Vaughn Mine hWilllams and Holmes Properly 6-PerdueProspeet 1 J r. Means Mine R Geo. R. Swift Properly 9- Geo. R. Swift Property tO Col. A. J. Thomas Mine rr-0. B Clemenls Properly MINES 12-Rev. Thadeu.s Persons Mine 13-The Haygood Prospect 14-The Holmes Mme 15-The Bailie Mme 16-F. H. Holloway Mme 17-Homer Hard1n Mine 18- The Ruffm Prospetls 19- The Pelers Mme 20 Thg Owens Prospect~ 21-The 01ck Fletcher M1ne 22-The Cox Prosped AND PROSPECTS 23-The Rosa fletcher Prospect 24-The L. P. Phinaz.ee Mine 25-The l. P. Goodwin Mine 26-The F. B. Willingham Prospects 27 C. E. Ensign Mine 28-The Goodwin and Worsham Prospect 29-0id Calloway Mine Jo The Bowd1on Property. 31- Owl Hollow Mine 32 New Ground Mine 33-The Reddrng Prospect 34-The Old Walker Smith Mine 35-The Goggans Property 36-The Goddard and Waban Prcspecl 37- The. Marie Vaughn Property 38-The Calematl Mine 39-The Buller Properly 40- The Mallie Smith Mine 41-nesuttonProspecl 42-The W. H. Westbrooks Mine 43-The Or. T. D. Thurman Mine i4-The Old Cllilds Property MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 51 feldspar. The mica is clear, light rum-colored, fiat and of good quality. The pegmatite is exposed in one place where it is about 4.5 feet thick, striking about N. 25 E.; a quartz lens is in the middle. Smith15 visited this property December, 1931, and states that mica was mined by drifting between the pits which were originally 30 to 40 feet deep. He found a pit across the road which was not seen by the writer. He believes that this pit was made in a different pegmatite, but the pit was filled at the time of his visit. About one-eighth of a mile to the north in the field he found another pit 15 to 20 feet deep. There is a pit one-eighth of a mile N. 35 W. of the residence. The pit is now in the edge of a woods and is 10 feet long, 8 feet wide and 10 feet deep. The pegmatite is about 5 feet thick, striking N. 55.0 E. and is nearly vertical. The dike contains some small schist inclusions, and there is some "burr-rock" on the northwestern side of the dike. The mica is variable in quality; some "A" mica, is present; some of the. books are very fiat and are hard; the color is green to greenish-rum; and most of the books are too badly cracked to produce any sheet. It would appear that some good mica was obtained from the first-described locality, but since the holes are filled and the records are vague, no definite conclusions can be drawn. EARLY-VAUGHN MINE This mine is located 6 miles southeast of Barnesville and 1.8 miles south of the Barnesville-Forsyth Highway. It is located on the edge of a valley south of a small stream. The mine is owned and operated by Meyer and Brown of New York. This was the first successful mine to be opened up in this district during the recent mining period. It has been developed from a prospect since 1941 and, to date, has produced over $100,000 worth of mica. The first prospecting was done at this place by Vaughn. After this L. M. Johnson mined here until the property was sold to Meyer and Brown. This is a hard rock mine using the usual type of equipment; the pump is used intermittently. The works consist of a nearly vertical open cut about 60 feet long and 100 feet deep, which follows the strike and dip of the pegmatite. A new shaft was started recently at the northeast end of the cut but it was abandoned at 35 feet. The pegmatite is quite variable in thickness and is subject to changes in direction along the strike and dip. The general strike is N. 15 o E. and the pegmatite dips steeply to the northwest. The average thickness is three to six feet, but locally, it may attain a thickness of 12 feet or more. Quartz lenses as thick as 6 feet may occur in the pegmatite. T.he vein rolls considerably as traced down- GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SuRVEY BuLLETIN 48 FIGURiiS 23 and 24 FIGURE 23, Teaching Georgia women to sheet mica, Barnesville, Lamar County. FIGURE 24, Sheet mica in place. Early-Vaughn mine, Lamar County. Photos by Joe Stearns MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 53 ward, which accounts for the numerous changes in dip. At the present writing, the vein is divided in the lower part of the mine by a "horse of slate". The pegmatite is composed of coarse, cleavable albite, smoky quartz, and rum-colored mica. It is generally conformable to the country rock, a coarse, garnetiferous biotite gneiss which has been recrystallized near the pegmatite. The mica is rum-colored, hard, flat and of excellent quality. The mine has been a steady producer since the time it was opened up, and has accounted for a large amount of the recent production in this district_ WILLIAMS AND HOLMES PROPERTY A small amount of prospecting has been done in the past, 3-5 miles south of Barnesville and one-half of a mile east of the paved road to Yatesville. Several small pits were dug on the slope and on the southeast side of a branch for a distance of about 100 yards where they are lined up in a N. 70 W. direction. No. mica is showing around the pits at present. The country rock is granitized garnetiferous biotite gneiss, striking N. 30 E. and dipping 70o SE. Smith15 states that about 100 yards S. 70 E. of the Holmes property, there are outcrops of white vein-quartz and fragments of mica books. One piece that he found was four or five inches across. PERDUE PROSPECT Recent work has been done on a mica prospect which is located 5.75 miles (airline) and 7 miles by road S. 20 E. of Barnesville and 75 feet north of a dirt road on the Lamar-Upson County line. The prospect is one-eighth of a mile west of the Barnesville-Culloden Highway and a quarter of a mileS. 13o W. of the Perdue home. The property is in charge of S. V. Millner, Barnesville, Route 1 and is owned by Mr. B. F. Perdue. Mica was first discovered by R. V. Millner and it was leased to L. M. Johnson i~ 1942. When visited January 26, 1943, the prospect had been abandoned since a negro worker was killed by a cave-in, December, 1942. At the time of the cave-in, the pit was about 25 feet deep but at present writing, it is 20 feet long, 10 feet wide and 6 feet deep. A short, inclined shaft where the collapse occurred extended to the northeast under the compressor and is now completely caved. The dike probably strikes with the pit, that is, N. 45 o E. and dips to the southeast. The pegmatite is not exposed. Quartz lenses, milky to smoky in color and from two to three feet thick, are associated with the 54 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SuRVEY pegmatite as evidenced from the dump. In normal seasons, the water table here stands 15-20 feet below the ground surface but fragments of coarse, cleavable potash feldspar found in the dump indicate that the pegmatite should become hard below that depth. . The mica ~s flat, clear, splits well and is from light to deep rum in color. Some books removed from the opening would square six inches and Mr. Millner states that several books worth $25.00 were taken out in his presence. Some of the books in the dump indicate a slight suggestion of "A"-structure. A few, small quartz inclusions occur in some books and ruling is rather common. Biotite books are rather numerous in the dump. The quality and amount of mica removed indicate that this pros- pect should be re-opened. In this event, the new shaft should be timbered carefully to hard rock. J. T. MEANS MINE The old mine is located 7.2 miles (airline) and 9.5 miles via the Culloden-Barnesville Highway and a dirt road S. 40 E. of Barnesville. It is half a mile due west of Ramah Church and 0.4 miles northwest of Tobesofkee Creek. The pit is about 500 feet S. 25 o E. from the crossroads and the site of the old burned home. The present owner of the property is H. S. Worsham of Forsyth. Mica was mined here by Mr. Burleson, of Spruce Pine, North Carolina, in 1917-18. The original shaft is said to have been about 30 feet deep and drifts were made along the vein from the shaft for a distance of about 30 feet in each direction. Water was encountered at 24-30 feet. The pit is now about 10 feet deep and the pegmatite, where exposed, is about 4 feet thick, and strikes about N.-S., dipping 52o NW. It contains a smoky quartz lens in the middle that is about one foot thick. The country rock near the mine is weathered biotite gneiss saturated with granite. It strikes N. 46o E., dipping 60o SE. Green "A" mica is concentrated in the pegmatite along both sides of the quartz lens. The mica in other parts of the dike is light greenish rum-colored and some of it also is "A" mica. Some biotite occurs in the dump and some muscovite books contain minute inclusions of biotite. Books, which do not exhibit the "A" structure, split well. Smith15 states that most of the mica mined here was of the "A" type and that blocks, as large as 12 by 14. inches and weighing up to 75 pounds, were removed. At the time of his visit, Mr; Means had at his house some green and yellow beryl from the mine. One piece of yellow beryl was two inches long and three-quarters of an inch thick. Several prospect pits are reported a short distance south of this locality, but no production of mica has been reported from them. MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 55 GEORGE R. SwiFT ESTATE Some prospecting was done on this property in 1918 by Mr. McDonald of Yatesville. Mr. McDonald dug a small pit 200 feet west of the Culloden-Barnesville Highway, 8.4 miles by road southeast of Barnesville. This pit was made in an open field near the second cross-roads southeast of Sugar Hill Church. The pit is reported to have been originally about 4 feet deep, but it is now filled and only a little pegmatite material can be ~een. The mica seen here is rum-colored, hard and flat, but all of it is small and some is of the "A" type. A, 4-foot pegmatite is exposed in the highway road cut 200 feet N. 25 o E.' of the above described locality. The mica here is similar to that described above and is probably in the same pegmatite. About 0.6 miles northeast of the Swift dwelling in an open field, fragments of biotite and muscovite occur in the soil associated with a quartz lens. The mica here is flat and rum-colored, but some "A" mica occurs. If the property is prospected, the mica should be found near the borders of the quartz lens. CoL. A. J. THOMAS MINE This mine is located 8.5 miles (airline) S. 25 o E. of Barnesville on the west side of the Barnesville-Culloden Highway. It is 1.5 miles south- east of Sugar Hill School on property owned by Col. A. J. Thomas of Macon. A small pit, four feet deep, has been made in a fine-grained "burr rock" pegmatite half of a mile N. 70 E. of the tenant house. The dike is about two feet thick, striking N. 20o E., and is enclosed in grani- tized biotite gneiss. The mica is hard, flat and rum-colored; but it is all smaller than punch size. Mr. McDonald of Yatesville mined mica here in 1921 from several small pits and one shaft 20 feet deep. He told Smith15 that the vein is about two feet thick and at the point where mining began, the vein dips 45 or more SW., but flattens out returning to the surface about 40 feet from the above-mentioned outcrop. Mica, some in large books, was scattered throughout the dike. A considerable amount of it was badly stained, but about 1400 pounds of saleable mica was removed. THE OLD CHILDS PROSPECT This prospect, owned by Colonel B. H. Manrey, is located six miles (airline) S. 73o E. of Barnesville and half a mile south of the old highway between Barnesville and Forsyth. It is two miles due south of Rocky Mount Church. An old shaft in an open field was made about 56 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL Sumt:EY. 1917-18 by Mr. Roy Tangle. The shaft was 25 feet deep with drifting in aN. 75 E. direction. The dump consists of fragments of milky quartz, kaolin, small pieces of semi-kaolinized feldspar, and a little mica. The mica in the dump is rum-colored but is curved and smaller than punch, and a considerable part of it is of the "A" type. It is reported that several hundred dollars worth of sheet mica was removed from this shaft, but available indications for the production of commercial sheet mica here are not especially promising. Doc IRWIN PROSPECT This prospect is located 4.5 miles northwest of Milner and one mile west of the Barnesville-Griffin Highway. It is one mile northwest cif the Lighthouse. Two pits were dug recently on the northwest side of a quartz "blow-out." One pit is 15 feet deep with drifting in a N. 40 E. and S. 40o W. direction. The mica left around the pit is clear, flat, and free of spots. Some of the books are cracked. About 80 feet northeast of this pit, there is another pit 9 feet deep. The pegmatite is about 2 feet thick here: and strikes N. 60o E., dipping 75 SE. Mica is abundant here but it is cracked, ruled and stained. Very little "A" mica is present. All of the rocks except the quartz are thoroughly weathered, and water is encountered at 35 feet below the surface in a nearby well. The associated., quartz lens is about 500 feet long and from 75 to 100 feet wide, but here has been insufficient prospecting to determine accurately the relation of the pegmatite to it. It is reported that $275.00 worth of mica was sold in 1942 to L. M. Johnson from this prospect. J. W. BROWN PROPERTY This property is located 4.5 miles northwest of Milner. It is threequarters-of a mile southwest of the Lighthouse, which is on the Barnesville-Griffin Highway. Fragments of mica have been plowed up in the road and field near the house. Flat books split well and books as large as four inches across are reported by Mr. Brown. The mica is spotted and some of it is of the "A" type. MRS. J. I. TAYLOR SR. PROSPECTS This prospect is located s!x miles (airline) and eight miles by road N. 20 E. of Barnesville. It is in an open field two miles S. 40 E. of Liberty Hill cross-roads. About half a mile due west of the Taylor home, a pit was dug recently by J. I. Taylor, Jr. The pegmatite is enclosed in granitized mica schist, the nearly vertical layers of which strike MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 57 E-W. The pegmatite strikes about N. 10o W. The mica is clear and free of spots; hand-sized books were removed from the small pit, but it is all of the "A" type. Some punch and possibly some 1% by 2 inches could be obtained here. A trench about 15 feet long and 5 feet deep along the strike of the pegmatite was made recently by Mr. Taylor a quarter of a mile N. 30 E. of the above described pit. The dike strikes N. 30 W., dipping 45 o S\\/. It is about four feet thick and in the middle contains a lens of milky to smoky quartz one and one-half feet thick. The dike is semi-kaolinized and thus should be hard a short distance below the surface. Books as large as 6 by 8 inches are obtained, but the mica is all "A" type. It is badly ruled and cracked; some of the books contain garnets. A little biotite occurs. Monroe County O.B.CLEMENTSPROPERTY This property is located 4.5 miles (airline) due north of Culloden near the Monroe-Lamar County line. It is between the Yatesville-Culloden road and the Culloden-Barnesville Highway. Mica has been mined here from several pits southeast of the road, but the pits are now filled. The pegmatite is exposed in the south bank of the road. The dike is about six feet thick, consistin13 of kaolinized feldspar, smoky quartz, and mica. It also contains lenses of milky quartz. The country rock is weathered, granitized mica schist. Books of mica, as large as 3 by 4 inches, occur in the pegmatite but most of the books are bent and do not split well. Much of the mica is of the "A" type, ruling is common, and the books are badly cracked. REV. THADDEUS PERSONS MINE This mine lies four miles (airline) due north of Culloden and one mile south of the Monroe-Lamar County line. It is one and three-quarters of a mile due west of Stroud, and 0.7 miles south of the Yatesville-Stroud road. This was the site of extensive mica mining by Mr. Burleson of North Carolina. Mining was done in a large open cut within which shafts were sunk with drifting along the vein. The operation was carried below water level and pumps were used. The most conspicuous part of the mine is the large cut (fig. 25) which is now 150 feet long, 40 feet wide and 18 feet deep, striking N. 55 o W. The remains of old pits and caved shafts may he seen in the open cut near the entrance and on the northeastern G<:OIIGIA GEOLOGICAL SunvEY BuLLETIN 48 FrGunEs 25 and 26 Caved open cuf Scale o'====>===='liO~O======="i200 Feet openings FIGURE 25 PLAN OF TH WORKINGS AT THE PERSONS MICA MINE, MONROE COUNTY, GEORGIA. PLAN OF WORKINGS :(]:oump Du-m7p'-!-y~::- r A;:oump i-!'(\) ~4 :}\,powder magazine SECTION ALONG THE PEGMATITE I N 43"W 2 &~~::~~ce ' \ \ )\ ~Underground (, ,...j drift ' ........ Dump PLAN ~~ ~~ LEGEND: /SJ PEGMATITE ~ BIOTITE GNEISS [ll!J TIMBERS Scale 20 20 40 Feet FIG. 26 PLAN AND SECTIONS OF THE WORKINGS AT THE BATTLE MINE, MONROE COUNTY, GEORGIA MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 59 side, but no records are available concerning their depth and general character. This open cut is shown on the sketch map as No. 8. There are large dumps which contain considerable scrap mica on the southwestern side southeast from the entrance. The tunnel (No. 9) enters the hill 15 to 20 feet below the open cut level. It extends N. 37o W. for a distance of 165 feet where there is a cross-cut N. 45 E. 10 feet long and filled at the end. This undoubtedly intersected the vein which lies to the east of this tunnel, and it connected probably beneath the open cut with one or more exterior shafts. The country rock is well-exposed in the tunnel. It is biotite-granite gneiss which contains numerous intrusions of pegmatite and granite parallel to the schistosity. It strikes N. 50o E., dipping 20-50 SE. The rocks are cut by a strong joint direction in which the planes strike N. 35o W. dipping 70 NE. The pegmatite is not wellexposed at the present time, but it is best exposed at the northwest head of the open cut. The. strike is probably N. 55 o W. which is the direction of the open cut. This pegmatite probably corresponds to the type repre sented by figure 9 for it terminates in a quartz "blow out" at the north west end. At the northwestern terminus of the open cut, the quartz lens is six feet thick with seven feet of pegmatite on either side of it. It is doubtful if commercial sheet mica will be obtained beyond this point where the quartz lens becomes very thick. The mine was leased recently by H. R. Grindstaff and W. S. Blalock. They put down four new shafts near the southeastern terminus and just east of the open cut (Nos. 4, 5, 6, 7). Pits 4 and 5 were sunk to a depth of 22 and 15 feet respectively, in country rock and do not cut the pegmatite. Pit 6 is 20 feet deep and the pegmatite was encountered at the bottom. Shaft 7 extends below water level which is 25 feet below the ground surface. This shaft is timbered below the 20-foot level and appears to be the only one from which mica was obtained. Later prospectors may find it more profitah-le to concentrate their efforts upon a single well-directed shaft. It is reported that Burleson produced $50,000 worth of mica from this mine. The mica is hard, flat, rum-colored and of excellent quality. Small inclusions of late injected quartz occur in some of the books. Cracks are the principal defect of the mica. About 150 yards N. 60o E. from the head of the open cut, there is a pit 15 feet deep (No. 1) in pegmatite which is at least seven feet thick. striking N. 62o E. The enclosing biotite gneiss layers are nearly horizontal; the dike contains schist inclusions. The wall rock strikes generally N. 28 W., dipping 18 SW. Lenses of milky quartz occur in the pegma 60 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY tite. The dike is rather coarse-grained; some graphic granite, and some "burr-rock" occur along the walls. Green "A" mica is found next to th~ quartz lenses. Rum-colored mica occurs in the: pegmatite, but it is considerably cracked and ruled. Most of the mica books are small, but generally flat and hard, and the best books come from a zone six inches thick on the northwestern wall. HAYGOOD PROSPECT A small pit has been recently made for mica on the farm of John and Ben Haygood. The prospect is located three miles (airline) and 3.5 miles by road N'. 17o W. of Culloden on the northeast side of the Yatesville-Culloden road. The prospect is in an open field 0.4 miles N. 15 E. of the Haygood home. The small trench 8 feet long, 4 feet wide and 3 feet deep was dug during the first part of January, 1943, by Mr. Boone of North Carolina. The pegmatite is not e,xposed, but from surface indications it probably strikes N. 45 o E. with the direction of the trench. A milky quartz lens, at least 8 inches thick, is associated with the pegmatite. The "A" mica obtained here is rum-colored, hard, flat, and splits well. The books are unusually large. They are composed of alternate "A" mica and flat, clear mica. The larger books will measure 8 by 11 inches and will sheet 3 by 6 inches. Insufficient work was done by Boone at this locality to determine the width, dip and extent of the pegmatite. Wacaster dug a hole at this point, removed mica and left the pit partly filled. HOLMES MINE This mine is located 1.25 miles due north of Culloden on the east side of the Southern Railroad and Highway 74 to Thomaston. It was first worked by Lyles and Battle in 1917-18, who are reported to have produced $5,000 worth of mica at this place. It has been operated recently by J. J. Egan and Oliver Howell. The old works consist of three caved shafts made in the pegmatite. A new shaft, 60 feet deep, was made recently in wall rock on the hanging wall side of the dike, and is now used as a hoisting shaft. The northeasternmost old shaft has been recently cleaned out and is now being used as an entrance shaft; it is connected with the new shaft. The country rock is biotite gneiss saturated with pegmatite and granite. The pegmatite strikes about N. 70o E., dipping 60o-70 SE. and is 4-6 feet thick. The dike is considerably kaolinized in the upper part of the mine, but much less at water level. It consists of kaolinized feldspar, smoky quartz, and mica. Black tourmaline crystals MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 61 occur in some of the quartz. Lenses of quartz occur locally in the dike. Some of the mica books are ruled and badly cracked, and inclusions of late quartz occur frequently in the mica. The mica is deep rum in color, hard, flat, and of excellent quality. BATTLE MINE This mine is located near the Monroe-Upson County line, three miles west of Culloden. It is accessible via a dirt road going west from the Yatesville-Culloden Highway, one mile northwest of Culloden. The mine was opened and operated about 1918. It is in hard rock below water level, and was worked through two shafts connected by drifts along the vein. These two shafts are 54 feet apart lined up approximately with the strike of the vein, which is about N. 44 W. Sixty feet northwest of the older shaft, there is a group of three pits 8 to 12 feet deep made in the pegmatite. Small books of muscovite and biotite occur in the dumps around these pits. During the first stage of operation, it is stated that the producing length along the strike of the pegmatite amounted to about 75 feet. When mica mining ceased after the closing of the World War, the mine was abandoned by Oliver Howell. It was reopened in 1942, and has been operated since then by ]. J. Egan and Oliver Howell. They have cleaned out, deepened and timbered the southwestern shaft and taken out a considerable amount of mica .from the pegmatite. The workings now extend to a depth of about 100 feet. A very coarse pegmatite intrudes biotite gneiss at this locality. The country rock is thoroughly saturated with granite which injects the gneiss in lit-par-lit fashion, also cross-cutting it so that the gneiss in the vicinity of the mine is at least one-half granite. This facies is cut and injected by the pegmatite. The pegmatite dips 85o SW. It is quite variable in width, ranging from 8 to 24 feet. It occasionally contains large lenses of milky, light rose, or smoky. quartz which do not appear to have any definite arrangement in the pegmatite. The essential minerals of the pegmatite are coarse, cleavable potash feldspar, quartz and mica. Plagioclase does not seein to be especially conspicuous in this mine. Coarse, graphic intergrowths of quartz and feldspar are common. Small red garnets are common, especially in the even-textured, finer-grained parts of the pegmatite. They tend to occur as clusters of small grains. The mica is ruby-colored, flat, hard. and of excellent quality. 62 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY F. H. HoLLOWAY MINE The old mine lies 5.5 miles (airline) N. 75o E. of Culloden. It is 1.25 miles S. 70 W. of Russellville and 2.5 miles N. 30 W. of Dyas. The mine is accessible via a dirt road southwest from Russellville. Some mining has been done in the past on the east side of the dirt road a quarter of a mile due south of Piney Grove colored church and school. Mr. Abercrombie of Dyas owns the property at present. The original. work was done here by Gus Weldon, and work was done later by anothe~ ~a~. This property was described by Smith,15 December, 1931. At this time, he found four pits about 25 to 50 feet from each other, arranged in a curved line striking N. 70o E. near the road and N. 45o E. near the northeastern end. It was reported that the two pits nearest the road wer~ about 30 feet deep and connected. by a tunnel. The thickness of the pegmatite could not be determined at that time. At the present writing, all of the pits are filled. Mica may be found in the soil near the site of the old pits, and a dump still remains near the northeast end of the works which consists of fragments of milky and smoky quartz, kaolin 'and kaolinized feldspar, muscovite and biotite, and some "burr-rock." The muscovite is flat, rum-colored, hard and of good quality, and books rip to punch size were left in the dump. Some of the books show perfect crystal outline, contain minute muscovite books as inclusions, and small inclusions of smoky quartz of late origin. If any considerable amount of mica larger than that found in the dump could be obtained here, the deposit should be profitable. Some mica may be found on the west side of the road, but there are no records of prospecting there. HoMER HARDIN MINE The mine is located 5 miles (airline) N. Mo E. of Culloden. It is 1.75 miles southwest of Russellville and 3 miles northwest of Dyas; also, it is 0.5 miles due west of Piney Grove colored church and school. The mine is accessible by a dirt road southwest of Russellville. The present owner of the mine is Homer Hardin. The workings are found at the edge of an oak woods, a short distance east of the tenant house. Mica was mined here in 1917 by Calvin Battle of Culloden. Later, some prospecting was done on the property of Gus Weldon, but it is not believed that he obtained much mica. The pegmatite appears to be rather thick with irregular walls and off-shooting branches. In the central part of the operation, there is a large open pit now somewhat filled by wash but accessible. An inclined drift extends down and along the pegmatite from the open cut in a northeast direction. The pegmatite appears to MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 63 strike N. 40o E., dipping 64 o SE. The dike is medium-coarse, semikaolinized and mica books, as large as 3 by 3 inches occur in the open cut near the entrance of the inclined drift; however, at this locality the mica is badly cracked. Bands of schist which dip and strike with the dike are exposed in the )Valls of the incline. The mica is concentrated usually near the nodules and small lenses of smoky quartz. The lenses tend to dip and strike with the pegmatite. The incline mentioned above is 30 feet long and the head is about 20 feet below the ground surface. Near the head of the incline there is a cross-cut to the northwest which connects with an exterior shaft that is about 20 feet away. Another exterior shaft is just southwest of the one above mentioned. At 40 feet S. 53 o E. of the open pit, there is an old untimbered shaft now 12 feet deep, the walls of which are in pegmatite. The dike here is more than five feet thick. There is evidence in this shaft of an incline extending down in a northeast direction from the bottom of the shaft, and also a drift to the northwest toward the open pit. Both the incline and drift are now caved. A short distance south of this shaft, there is a 6-foot pit exposing a 4-foot ,pegmatite striking N. 30o W., dipping 75o NE. The walls of the present openings do not contain much good mica, however, the workings are unusually limited in extent, specimens of mica in the dump are flat, rum-colored, split well, and some will trim out 1 by 1 and 11,4 by 1% inches. RuFFIN PROSPECTS Recent prospecting for mica was done by B. F. Ruffin on his farm, located 7.25 miles (airline) and 8 miles via the Forsyth-Knoxville Highway, S. 7o W. of Forsyth. The prospects are on the west side of the Highway in a cultivated field about 500 feet northwest of Mt. Vernon Church. Two pits, about 200 feet apart, were made in biotite gneiss and pegmatite. The northwestern pit is 30 feet deep with some water in the bottom of the shaft. Country, rock and pegmatite are soft, but the peg matite is only partly kaolinized at water level. This dike strikes N. 58o W. with a nearly vertical dip. Two stringers of pegmatite are exposed at the mouth of the shaft, but they unite at about 10 feet below the surface to form a dike about three feet thick, which is composed of feldspar, quartz, small books of rum-colored mica and with a definite lens of smoky quartz. Some of the mica books exhibit "A" structure, and cracks are common in many of the books. Most of the mica here is smaller than punch. Ruling is a common feature; some of the mica contains quartz inclusions. GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL. SURVEY Several shafts, not over 30 feet deep, were dug close together squt)lwest of the above-described one. The pegmatite is not now exposed; l:w~v; ever, the country rock near the mine strikes N.-S., dipping 80 W- l\IIr. Ruffin has removed about 300 pounds of mica, the best and largest. of which came from these openings. Both country rock and pegmatite !ire deeply weathered and the mica is generally clay-and iron-stained. Books, as large as 3 by 5 inches which will trim sheets up to 2 by 3 inches, occur. There is some biotite. The quality of mica at this locality is superior to that described above. PETERS MINE This mine is located 7.25 miles (airline) and 9.0 miles via the Forsyth-Culloden Road S. 47o W. of Forsyth. This mine is three miles southwest of Brent, and is owned by L. E. Peters, Route 3, Forsyth. Mica was mined here after the World War by North Carolina miners. Several old shafts close together occur about 200 feet east of the dirt road to Forsyth. Scattered around the old openings, there is sorn:e scrap mica, masses of white and light rose-colored quartz, and 7 or 8 tons of slightly kaolinized potash feldspar in large lumps. Most of the old openings are filled or partly filled. One shaft, about 35 feet deep, was re-opened and deepened in 1942 by Marshall Black of Thomaston. The bottom of this shaft seems to be above the static water level, although water stands in the shaft after rainy periods. Five old openings, more or less filled and with drifting between them and close together are found immediately to the north and northwest of the shaft opened by Black. Books of "A" mica, flat rum-colored mica and biotite occur around the mine openings. Impressions of niica books, as large as 5 by 7 inches, are found against some of the quartz fragments. The "A" mica appears to occur associated with the quartz. Some rum-colored "A" mica contains inclusions of biotite. No records of production from this mine are avail'able to the writers, but large books of mica are reported to have been taken from the mine. Fragments of flat rum-colored mica,, found in the dump, are of good quality. L. D. OWEN PROSPECT This prospect is located 5.5 miles southwest of Forsyth via the Forsyth-Culloden Road. It is in a pasture on the south side of the dirt road three-quarters of a mile southeast of Brent and only one-half of a mile west of Hopewell Church (colored). The property is now owned by Ray McNealy and was formerly owned by L. D. Owen. MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 65 A kaolinized pegmatite two and one-half to three feet thick was prospected recently 200 yards southeast of the tenant house. The country rock is mica schist, striking N. 25o E., dipping 45 SE. The pegmatite contains schist bands and seems to be generally conformable to the country rock. About a ton of scrap mica is piled near the pit. The mica is rum-colored, but badly twisted and does not split well. Quartz inclusions are unusually abundant and leave numerous holes in the books after they are sheeted. Mica of better quality was found in the yard of the tenant house, but its source is unknown. In 1931, Smith15 found two prospect pits 18 feet deep and 25 feet apart in the woods south of the road. The pits were dug in 1929 by C. B. Owen. Smith states that the vein is apparently about six feet thick, striking N. 85o E. and dipping about 45 SE. The largest books of mica found were about iliree inches across. DicK FLETCHER MINE This mine is located 5.6 miles (airline) and 7 miles by road S. 40 W. of Forsyth. It is one mile S. 45 E. of Brent and one-eighth of a mile S. lOo W. of Hopewell Church (colored) in Land District 12 and on land which is called locally "Hopewell Farms." The present owner of the mine is Mr. Lawrence W. Cobb of Atlanta. It is now leased to L. R. Hetrick. Considerable mining for mica took place upon this property about 1918-19, where several old pits occur in line presumably upon the same pegmatite. The opening in the woods nearest the church is a square untimbered shaft. It is about 35 feet deep at present. The pegmatite here is about 10 feet thick containing a two-foot lens of milky quartz near the middle. The pegmatite strikes about N.-S. dipping 45o W. Fragments of milky quartz, smoky quartz, kaolinized feldspar and small books of mica occur in the dump. No water was observed in the shaft at the time of the visit; the feldspar is semi-kaolinized in the lower part of the shaft. The mica is clear, flat, splits well and is clear to light rum in color. Small quartz inclusions occur in some of the hooks. A few hooks contain small muscovite inclusions crystallized at right angles to the cleavage of the large books. Small books are frequently diamond-shaped. From 200-250 feet S. 20 E. of the above described shaft, another old shaft occurs. It is said to be about 35 feet deep, but now covered with brush. Quartz fragments and small mica hooks occur in the dump. 66 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY About 100 feet S. So W. of the above are two filled shafts surrounded by large dumps. One shaft is now six feet deep and the other is from three to four feet deep. Smoky quartz fragments, kaolinized and semikaolinized feldspar, and books of muscovite and biotite mica occur in the dumps. Biotite books up to 3 by 3 inches may be found, and small biotite books are included in the muscovite books or occur in -conjunction with them. The muscovite books are flat, hard, split well and have a deep rum color. Books of muscovite which will trim up to 2 by 2 inches can be found in the dump. It is reported that this was one of the largest mica mines in the State, but the record of production is not known to the writers. Smith15 reported in 1931 that most of the mining was from two large pits about 100 feet apart with a drift along the vein between them, and that the pits were about 50 feet deep. The excellent quality of the mica and available reports indicate that good sheet mica might be obtained by re-opening the southwesternmost workings. Cox PROSPECT This prospect is located 4.5 miles (airline) and 6 miles via ForsythKnoxville Highway and the first dirt road south of Tobesofkee Creek to the east from the highway, due south of Forsyth. It is a quarter of a mile due south of a family cemetery which is on the north side of the dirt road. The opening is on the old Jerry Cox place, on the northeast slope of a hill, 75 feet from and 30 feet above a small stream. The property. is owned by the Bramlette Hardware Company of Forsyth. Mica was discovered here recently by B. F. Ruffin. Some recent pros pecting has been done by Mr. Childs of Griffin, who dug a pit 15 feet deep. The wall rock is hard biotite gneiss in which the biotite is coarsely crystalline in the vicinity of the pegmatite. The pegmatite is at least 7 feet thick, but some of it was concealed by water at the time of the writers' visit. It consists of hard, coarsely cleavable potash feldspar, smoky quartz and books of muscovite and biotite. Flat books of biotite, as large as 2 by 3 inches, are found, some of which are altered on the edges and internally along fractures to vermiculite. The muscovite is hard and of a light rum-color, but some of it has a tendency to be curved. Cracking and ruling are common. Some muscovite books contain inclusions of biotite and 'very small muscovite books with their cleavage nearly at right angles to the parent book. Small flattened quartz inclusions and small crystals of green apatite are found in some books. Mica at this locality is of good quality, but not much has been produced. MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 67 RosA FLETCHER PROSPECT A prospect for mica was opened in the winter of 1942 by B. OF. Ruffin on the Rosa Fletcher property. This opening is located 3.5 miles (airline) and 4.0 miles via Forsyth-Knoxville Highway and a country road, due south of Forsyth. It lies 300 feet northeast of Tobesofkee Creek and about 400 feet south of the dirt road. The prospect is on the southwest side of a wooded hill. Mr. Ruffin exposed a 3.5 foot pegmatite by an open pit, 20 feet deep and 10 feet long. The pegmatite stands in a nearly vertical position, striking N. 49o W. The dike is coarse-grained, containing considerable coarse graphic granite, coarsely crystalline potash feldspar, muscovite and some books of vermiculite. The muscovite is scattered throughout the dike; no quartz lens is evident in the opening. The quartz, including that in the graphic granite, is smoky-colored. The minerals of the dike are completely fresh, but the feldspar is somewhat kaolinized along the walls. The vermiculite is more abundant along the borders of the vein. A few red garnets are associated with the vermiculite. The country rock is completely weathered and structureless. The mica books are rather small ; books as large as 3 by 4 inches may occur, but little mica, larger than punch, can be sheeted from them. A considerable amount of one-inch square mica could be obtained here. Vermiculite occurs locally in conjunction with the muscovite books and is occasionally included in them. Some "ribbon" is present and traces of "A" structure are common to many books but, for the most part, the mica is flat and rum-colored. L. P. PHINAZEE MINES Two openings have been worked for mica in the past on the old L. P. Phinazee farm. These openings are located four miles (airline) S. 80 W. of Forsyth. They are south of the Forsyth-Barnesville Highway and are 4.5 miles by this road west of Forsyth. The property is now owned by H. H. Hardin of Forsyth. Mica was mined in 1917-18 and again in 1922 at a point 3.5 miles (airline) S. 83o W. of Forsyth and about half a mile S. 22o E. of the Phinazee home. Several untimbered. shafts were sunk at this place 30 feet to water level. The miners then drifted along the vein and stoped to the surface. The principal pits are said to have been made by Lambert and Charles Dale. At the present time two square shafts, one a relatively new shaft about 25 feet deep and an old filled shaft, occur close to- 68 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURvEY gether. The main vein is said .to have been four feet thick, striking N. 30o W. There were several off-shoots, however, from which most of the mica is supposed to have come; but this spot is now covered by the largest dump. About 100 pounds of mi.ca is repbrted to have been obtained about 100 yards S. 30o E. of this locality. Not much can be seen around the old workings at present. Evidently, the pegmatite is almost completely kaolinized. Small nodules of smoky quartz and small books of rum-colored mica are mixed with kaolin to compose the dumps. The mica is hard, but no large sheets were left around the mine. The small books are frequently cracked, some of them are bent on the edges, and the largest book seen at the time of the writers' visit would measure ll/z by 2 inches. Records of production are not available. It is believed that the pegmatite was not mined below water level. About a third of a mile N. 55o W. of the above locality and about the same distance south of the highway, mica was mined in low ground in 1917-18 and in 1922. Mr. L. P. Phinazee was in charge of the operation. Several shafts were made with drifting from the bottom, most of which were filled with debris during the working. Smith15 visited the property, December 4, 1931, when he found the last pit to be filled with water. The pit was worked to a depth of 35 feet, and, although the water was pumped night and day, the shaft could not be completely de-watered. He reports that the dike strikes N. 10o E. and that it dips about 75 SE. It is said to be four feet thick, containing a great deal of vein quartz with mica in the center. The mica is rum-colored; some of it is flat and some "A" mica occurs. According to reports, the largest book is said to have trimmed 8 by 10 inches. It weighed over 90 pounds and is said to have sold for $317.68. Most of the mica is said to have been trimmed into 2- to 6-inch squares. According to Mr. Phinazee, 10-15 tons of mica were sold from this mine. A shaft about 35 feet deep was made on the vein by William P. Buckner, Jr. in the summer of 1942, with a drift to the south about 15-20 feet long at the bottom. Water now stands level with the mouth of the shaft. Some good sheet mica was taken from this shaft, but the venture was not profitable. Fragments of mica around the shaft are light rum . in color, but many of them show "A" structure. Fragments of coarse pegmatite with potash feldspar, and large fragments of smoky quartz occur around the shaft. Undoubtedly, some good sheet mica could be obtained from this mine. The rock is hard thus mechanical equipment will be required for MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 69 mining. The water pl"oblem .here would be almost unsurmountable during most seasons of the year. L. P. GooDWIN PROSPECT Mica has been mined in the past on the L. P. Goodwin property. The mine is located 2.5 miles (airline) due west of Forsyth and a quarter of a mile north of Barnesville-Forsyth Highway. It is a third of a mile N. 62o W. of the home of the owner, L. P. Goodwin. The mine is in a field about 400 feet northwest of a small branch and about 35 feet above water level. The opening at present is considerably filled; it is 40 feet long, 9 feet wide and 6 feet deep. It extends in the direction of N. 42o W., which is probably the strike of the unexposed pegmatite. According to reliable reports, the dike dips from 75 to 80o NE. There is said to have been about 18 inches of good mica between hard "burr-rock" on the hanging wall side, and quartz on the foot wall side. Fragments of pegmatite around the opening are fresh and hard, and it is said that the rock had to be shot out. with explosives. The country rock in the sides of the trench is completely weathered but appears to dip to the northeast. The mine ~as opened and worked in 1918 by a Mr. Lambert of North Carolina who worked several men there from August to November. The original opening was a shallow shaft near the southeast end of the opening, which became filled with water during winter rains. After this event, the miners followed the pegmatite northwestward. The total amount of work was not large. Several tons of mica are said to have been taken from the mine. This included numerous books of large size, one of which is reported to have weighed several hundred pounds. According to the owner, Mr. Goodwin, the mica was removed and he did not receive his royalty or any payment for his day labor. The pegmatite is coarse-grained, consisting of potash feldspar, some albite, smoky quartz and mica. Some specimens contain apatite. The mica is of excellent quality, flat, hard, splits well and is light rum in color. The history of prospecting and the appearance of the pegmatite and mica fragments around the trench justify its re-opening. F. B. WILLINGHAM PROSPECT This prospect is located one and three-quarters miles due west of Forsyth. It is 100 feet north of the Forsyth-Barnesville Highway, a half of a mile east of L. P. Goodwin's home and on the same side of the road, 70 GEORGIA GEOLOGitAL SURVEY and just west of Todd Creek. A hole, now 12 feet deep with 15 feet of drifting southwest along the strike of the dike, was made by W. W. Way in 1920. The pegmatite is coarse-grained and contains potash feldspar, smoky and milky quartz, muscovite, and biotite. It is at least eight feet thick and contai~s some schist inclusions. The country rock is biotite gneiss striking N. 10 E., dipping 30o -60o SE. The dike strike~ .. N. 30o E. dipping 50o -70o SE. Southwest of this locality, the pegmatite is exposed on the south side of the highway where it breaks up into small stringers in the schist. Here, it contains small books of muscovite and biotite. The pegmatite exposed in the opening is fresh and hard; water probably would be encountered at 20-25 feet below the ground surface. The muscovite is hard and rum-colored; some books are curved and a small amount of "A" mica is present. Not much mining has been done here. About a quarter of a mile N. 20 E. of the above pit, there is a small hole, formerly three or four feet deep, but now filled. Small mica books similar to that described above are found in the vicinity of the pit. c. A. ENSIGN MINE This mine is located three miles (airline) N. 63o W. of Forsyth, 0.25 miles south of the dirt road from Forsyth to Colliers, and on the south side of the Central of Georgia Railroad. The site of the old opening is in an open field 0.25 mile due south of the Old Ensign home. According to L. P. Phinazee, pegmatite was first discovered and worked for sheet mica here by Ed. White. White is said to have purchased the property which later reverted to Ensign. Mica was mined from a single shaft 18 to 25 feet deep. The property was later sold to Governor Eugene Talmadge who filled the hole up with the materials of the dump. It is reported that the rock enclosing the pegmatite is hornblende gneiss, but neither country rock nor pegmatite are exposed at the present time. In the vicinity of the mine, granite and pegmatite crop out locally. These are cross-cut by a diabase dike which strikes N. 30o E. Smith1 5 found the shaft open at the time of his visit, December 4, 193L He states that the shaft did not reach water level. The vein strikes N. 30o E., is six feet thick, and dips 45 to 50o SE. According to L. P. Phinazee, the east, or hanging wall side of the vein is heavy vein-quartz. The part of the vein showing at the time of Smith's visit exposed three feet of vein-quartz, 2-3 feet of kaolin with mica in 4--inch books, some "burr-rock", and some intimate intergrowths of feldspar and quartz. MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 7l Mining is said to have been stopped here because of a disagreement with the owner. Head-size fragments of milky and smoky quartz occur at the site of the mine. Some small lumps of potash feldspar also occur. Leaves and books of "A" mica up to 3 by 4 inches may be picked up, some of which contain clear central portions of punch size; also some clear, flat leaves may be sheeted from between the "A" structures in the books. It is probable that some good pattern mica was obtained here, but the sheeting cost would be rather high. WORSHAM AND GOODWIN PROSPECT The prospect is located 3.5 miles (airline) and 5.1 miles by road N. 55o W. of Forsyth. It is 0.5 mile north of the Central: of Georgia railroad and is accessible via a dirt road from Forsyth to the prospect. It lies between two large parallel ridges extending east-west. It is on the north slope of a ridge 20 feet east of a new underground Bell telephone line. The property is owned by J. R. Goodwin anp H. S. Worsham of Forsyth. A pegmatite is exposed by two pits about 6 feet deep located about 65 feet apart and connected by a shallow trench. This trench is in a N. 52 E. direction. The dike strikes N. 52 E., ~:lipping 60 SE and is enclosed in biotite gneiss which strikes N. 65 o E., dipping 80o SE. The pegmatite is from 4-6 feet thick and contains numerous xenoliths of biotite gneiss up to 6 inches in thickness. These inclusions are conformable to the strike and dip of the pegmatite. Hard, coarse cleavable potash feldspar, a small amount of lenticular smoky quartz, muscovite, and a little biotite compose the dike. Most of the muscovite is small and rather badly cracked and ruled. It is hard, clear, flat, rum-colored and splits well; however, it contains numerous inclusions of smoky quartz. No mica larger than punch size could be found around the opening at the time of the writers' visit. There are no records of any sheet mica having been obtained here. The prospect has little promise for the production of sheet mica. About 50 feet northwest of the above-described locality, pegmatite is exposed in a gully. The mica here is of better quality than at the other locality. No prospecting has been done here. CHARLIE CALLAWAY PROSPECT Some prospecting for mica was done three miles (airline) N. 15o W. of Forsyth in 1918 by Way and L'ambert. The old filled pit lies a ql!arter of a mile west of the Forsyth-Jackson Highway and is in a pasture just 72 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURV,EY south of the dirt road. Very little work was done at this locality and the pegmatite is not exposed at present. Some "burr rock" and a little mica are scattered around the filled pit. The mica is hard, flat, rum-colored and splits well, but cracks are common and some of the mica contains quartz inclusions. The country rock here is augen gneiss. Some pieces of small mica are exposed in a cultivated field 150 feet S. 70o E. of the above locality. THE OLD CALLAWAY PROPERTY Mica has been dug in the past on the Old Callaway Property which is located 2.5 miles (airline) due north of Forsyth and 0.5 miles east of Highway 42 to Jackson. Digging has been done in the past 0.5 mile east of the old home place on a small ridge just east of a small branch. Work is said to have been done here shortly after World War I by Lambert and L. P. Phinazee. The workings here at present are badly caved and filled. They now consist of an eliptical-shaped open cut 40 feet long, 20 feet wide and 8 feet deep. To the southeast and about 20 feet from the open cut, there is one pit which is 8 feet deep at present. The workings trend N. 55 o W. About 30 feet east of the open cut and off the general trend of the workings, there is another pit about 10 feet deep, indicating that the dike is dipping to the northeast. The country rock is deeply weathered, and strikes N. 55o W., dipping about 70 NE. The pegmatite is not exposed, but the general trend and character of the works suggest that it is generally accordant in dip and strike with the country rock. Some quartz float and boulders of quartz occur just beyond the west end of the cut. A pit or trench at this locality might reveal the character of the pegmatite. No records of production are available to the writers. The mica is light rum in color; books left on the dump are flat; some books are bent and frequently cracked; and occasionally the books contain holes from which inclusions have weathered. No books larger than punch were left around the mine. WILLIE BowDOIN PROPERTY Some recent prospecting for mica has been done upon the Willie Bowdoin property located 4..5 miles (airline) and 6 miles by road N. 70o E. of Forsyth. The property is accessible via the Forsyth-Juliette Road and a dirt road south from the above road to Ebenezer Church. The property lies one miles due north of Ebenezer Church and an eighth of a mile south of Cooks Creek. MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 73 Three pits have been made recently in an open field northwest of the tenant house on Willie Bowdoin's farm. These openings expose pegmatite dikes generally parallel and up to three feet in thickness. The largest opening is a square pit about 6 feet deep. The dike here is from two to three feet thick, strikes N. 20o E. and dips about 30o SE. The dike is hard and is composed mostly of smoky quartz and small mica with a small amount of feldspar. Deeply weathered granitized biotite gneiss encloses the pegmatite. The mica here is hard, fiat, light rum-colored and splits well, but cracking and ruling are common. Much of the mica is small, but some of the books taken from the opening will measure up to five inches in diameter along the cleavage surfaces. NEW GROUND MINE This mine lies two miles southwest of Juliette and is 200 yards S. 10 W. of the Old Walker Smith Mine. It is on the property of R. R. Driskell. Mica was mined first here in 1915 by Harris and later in 1931 by H. L. Driskell. The pit here was formerly 26 feet deep and 8 feet wide. It now contains water, is 65 feet long and from 10 to 30 feet wide. The vein is about 3 feet wide, strikes N. 15o E., dipping 74 o SE. This dike appears to have the same strike as does the Goulsby pegmatite, but its mica is of a different quality, thus it may represent a parallel dike. The opening is in hard rock, the dumps consisting of a mixture of feldspar, quartz and mica. The pegmatite is locally garnetiferous. Many books of mica in the dumps are bent on the edge. Generally, the mica is light rum-colored, hard, and free of spots; but some of it shows "A" structure, contains quartz inclusions, is cracked, and some splits poorly. About 20 feet above and 100 feet to the southwest towards the crest of the slope, several pits occur in line. There is also a trench 60 feet long and originally 26 feet deep slightly west of this line of pits but it did not reach hard rock. This trench was made by Harris about 1915. A Triassic diabase dike cuts the pegmatite at this place. Some large books are reported from the trench, one of which sheeted 12 by 20 inches. Some of the sheets are spotted to pattern and others are without spots. The mica is generally of the "A" type; some ruling occurs. Harris is reported to have removed about three barrels of unsheeted mica from both localities. Some mica, which sheeted up to 4 by 6 inches, is reported from the first locality. A short distance ~est of the above locality, a small trench was made in a coarse, hard pegmatite dike from 8 to 10 feet thick which strikes about N-S. The dike contains some garnets. The mica books are rum- 74 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY colored, but small and bent. The feldspar is very coarsely crystalline and light gray to pink in color. OwL HoLLow PROSPECT This prospect lies on the top of a flat ridge about a quarter of a mile south of the New Ground Mine. It is a quarter of a mile west of the Redding residence. Three small pits were dug at this locality in 1931 by the Driskell brothers. The country rock is hornblende gneiss injected with granite. The dike here strikes N'. 10o E., dipping 70o SE. The pegmatite contains garnets; no mica of any value was obtained. Other similar pegmatites occur in the general locality. A. T. REDDING PROPERTY This property lies two miles S. 45 o W. of Juliette and_ is accessible via a dirt road southwest from that town. A small prospect now 12 feet long, 8 feet wide and 10 feet deep lies in an open field one-eighth of a mile due north of the Redding home. The original prospect was opened by Harris in 1915, who is reported to have removed from 40 to 50 pounds of mica. It was leased recently by L. D. Gray who did a small amount of digging here. The pegmatite is not exposed but is said to be from 8 to 10 feet thick and to consist of a quartz lens on the eastern side, feldspar on the western side, and with most of the mica concentrated between the feldspar and quartz. Books of biotite, as large a_s 3 by 4 inches, are found near the pit. The muscovite is generally rum-colored, but some books are greenish. Fragments of mica picked up around the pit do not split very well and some of the mica is spotted. The dike has not been traced thus nothing is known of its extent. On a knoll in the woods about half a mile N. 30 W. of the Redding home, there is a small pit in quartz which contains small mica and very little feldspar. The mica here is greenish and some of the books are spotted. w THE OLD ALICER SMITH MINE This old mine is two miles southwest of Juliette and three-quarters of a mile northwest of the Redding property. The mine is in a woods 400 feet south of a small stream near the bottom of a hill and ten feet above the flood plain. The mineral rights here are owned by Dr. R. C. Goulsby of Forsyth and the land is owned by Charlie Cochran. Mica was first mined-from this locality about 1904 by Dr. Goulsby. MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 75 The rock here is soft to the extent of mining and water will be encountered about 20 feet below the surface. A few outcrops of mediumgrained pegmatite and granite are found on the slope of the hill above the mine, but the mica-bearing pegmatite is not exposed. Dr. Goulsby, in 1904, removed considerable mica from this mine and is said to have sold one barrel of mica in the rough for $100.00. It is reported that he did not mine deeper than 16 feet. Some mica was obtained here in 1919 by Mr. Cleveland, and a little prospecting was done in 1942 by L. D. Gray. The mining operations here in the past consisted of five pits more or less lined up in a N. lOo E. direction which is probably the strike of the pegmatite. The line of pits ;,_ about 75 feet long and one was 22 feet deep. According to Mr. R. R. Driskell, the pegmatite dips about 45 E. and is three feet thick. Most of the mica is said to have come from the north end of the works. Some of the mica books are reported to be large. Dr. Goulsby is reported to have removed one book which was ll inches thick and ll inches in diameter. Most of the mica is reported to be associated with the quartz. There is some "A" mica but, for the most part, the specimens found in the dump are flat, light rum-colored, hard and split well. E. J. GoGGINS PROSPECT Prospecting for mica has been carried on in the past upon the old Goggins property which is now owned by J. W. Johnson of Cabaniss. It lies 10.5 miles by road northeast of Forsyth and an eighth of a mile north of Cabaniss -on the east side of the dirt road. A pit, 15 feet long, 8 feet wide and 10 feet deep, was dug here recently by K J. Goggins. The wall rock is thoroughly decayed schist, but the pegmatite is only slightly weathered. The dike is very irregular in shape, generally conformable to the country rock, striking N. 25o W. and dipping 75 o NE. It is about three feet thick, but stringers and offshoots from it cut the country rock. A lens of milky quartz one and one-half feet thick occurs in the dike near the northeastern side. Very little mica is exposed in the pegmatite. The mica in the dump is clear to light rum in color; many of the books are wavy and considerably ruled. Several pieces of flat mica, as large as 2 by 3 inches, were observed around the opening at the time of the writers' inspection. GODDARD AND WATSON PROSPECT This property, now owned by H. S. Worsham of Forsyth, is located 1.5 miles northeast of Cabaniss in the northeastern part of Monroe Coun- 76 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ty. Some prospecting for mica is reported to have been done in the past upon this property, but the Writers were unable to. locate the old prospects. MARIE VAUGHN PROPERTY This property lies eight miles N. 16o W. of Forsyth on the dirt road to High Falls. It is half a mile southeast of Bloodworth School, between Towaliga and Little Towaliga rivers and 1.5 miles northwest of their junction. A narrow "burr-rock" pegmatite, said to strike N. 10 W., occurs back of the Vaughn house. The mica is hard and rum-colored, but it is small, badly cracked, and somewhat curved. Another pegmatite, striking N. 26o W., occurs 0.6 miles S. 10o E. of th~ dwelling. There is some clear mica here but considerable "A" mica is present and the books are bent and cracked. About 0.4 mile west of the house, a pegmatite corresponding to the type illustrated by Figure 8 occurs. The quartz lens is abo.~t 70 feet wide and 100 feet long. The feldspar of the pegmatite is se~i kaolinized and the mica consists of about one-third biotite and two-thirds muscovite. The muscovite is clear and flat and no "A" structure is ob- served. Ruling occurs. The larger muscovite books will measure 1Y2 by 2 and will trim 1 by 1 inch, and some 1 7'2 by 2 inches. Some of the books are curved and cracked. A small knob-like hill a quarter of a mile S. 40o E. of the dwelling near an old rock chimney is mantled with quartz gravel. Some muscovite and biotite mostly smaller than punch occur with the gravel. CoLEMAN PROSPECT This prospect is 8 miles (airline) and 10 miles by road N. 12o W. of Forsyth. It is accessible via the Forsyth-Jackson Highway and a dirtroad to the west from the highway south of Sutton's store. The opening is one and one-half miles southwest of Sutton's store. M. J. H. Stuart of Forsyth owns the property. An old pit, said to have been 4.0 feet deep with drifting along the vein at this locality is now filled. A recent pit made by Mr. English at the side of this pit is about 15 feet deep with a 25-foot drift from the bottom in a S. 17" W. direction. The biotite gneiss country rock strikes due N. to N. 30o E. and dip's about 30o E. and SE. The pegmatite dips and strikes with the country rock and, where exposed in the new pit, may he described as biotite gneiss saturated with more or less pegmatite; quartz lenses occur. The rock is rather hard at the bottom of the pit. Mica books in the dump are bent and some exhibit "A" structure. Both green and rum-colored mica are present. No important production has been reporteel from this locality. MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 77 . B. BUTLER PROPERTY This property is located 9 miles north of Forsyth via the Forsyth- E, Jackson Highway. It is 0.5 miles southwest of Sutton's store and one mile northeast of Bloodworth School. This property lies just north and adjoin- ing the Coleman property. Smithl5 reports that a small pit was dug for mica upon the property in 1917 in a field south of the road. The biotite gneiss country rock and the vein appear to strike N. 30 E., dipping 65o SE. Numerous fragments of quartz lies near the pit, some containing mica books one and one-half inches across. It was reported to Smith some good-sized pieces of mica were taken from the pit. MRS. MATTIE SMITH MINE This mine is eight miles north of Forsyth and half a mile east of the highway to Jackson. It is three miles south of Blount. The mine is a quarter of a mile N. 75o E. of the old Mattie Hamm Smith home. Mrs. Mary Martin is the owner of the property. This mine was first opened by Gus Weldon. Mica was mined at this place for 1~ years in about 1923. Some recent mining was done here by Clay Cheek, L. A. Rogers and J. K. d' Antignac. Mica was mined from three pits with drifts along the dike between the pits. The present works consist of two shafts close together at the northern end of the mine. The total length of the works from the mouth of the incline to the northernmost shaft is about 125 feet. The openings are lined up in a N. 8o E. direction. The country rock is mica schist striking N. 16 E. and dipping 40 SE. The two pits at the northern end JJ.ave been re-opened by the recent prospectors. These shafts, 40 and 30 feet respectively, expose a pegmatite which is four feet thick at the top and eight feet thick at the bottom, at which point the rocks harden rather abruptly. The dike is generally conformable to the country rock in strike, hut dips 75 o-80 SE. It consists of white, cleavable albite, some coarse, dark gray potash feldspar, considerable medium to fine-grained pegmatite, smoky quartz, muscovite, and some biotite. Lenses of smoky quartz 6-8 inches thick containing black tourmaline crystals occur in. the dike. The mica is clay- and iron-staiiJ.ed to the bottom of the shafts. Mica occurs throughout the pegmatite, ht(t is especially abundant riear a schist inclusion 1~ to 6 feet thick on the footwall side of the vein. The mica is rum-colored and plentiful, hut the hooks are bent, wavy, and cracked so that very little commercial sheet mica could he produced. The mica is 78 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY clear and no "A" structures are observed. It is probable that a considerable amount of washer punch could be obtained from this mine. The inclined drift at the south end exposes the pegmatite which is at least six feet thick at this place. The mica books exposed in the incline are small. A new shaft, 30 feet deep dug east of the strike of the dike and be, tween the mouth of the incline and the shafts, contacts the hanging wall of the pegmatite at the bottom, and also the drift made to the south along the pegmatite from the northern shafts. C. M. SuTTON PROPERTY This property is located nine miles north of Forsyth on the west side of the highway to Jackson. Prospecting for mica has been done in an open field and in a young pine woods from one-quarter to one-half mile west of Sutton's home and store. The pit in the field was made to a depth of about eight feet shortly after the World War. Some biotite and a few small pieces of muscovite partly of the "A" typ:e are found here. About a quarter of a mile west of the above-described pit in a pine woods are two pits made by Tom Stokes and others. The country rock is mica schist striking N. 40 E., dipping 51 o SE. The northernmost pit is now 12 feet deep and was formerly 20 feet deep. The pegmatite is from two to four feet thick containing schist inclusions, is nearly vertical and strikes N. 21 o W. Mica is plentiful but the books are bent, wavy and badly cracked. A pit about six 'feet deep, was made about 100 feet southwest of the one above. This pegmatite is at least five or six feet thick. Biotite mica occurs here. Books of muscovite three or four inches across may be obtained here, but they are cracked and curved. w. MRS. H. WESTBROOKS PROSPECT This prospect lies 10.25 miles north of Forsyth and one mile west of the highway to Jackson. It is one mile due west of Blount. An open ing, located 300 feet S. 75o W. of Westbrooks' home, has been worked several times in the past. Mica was mined here in 1917-18 and again in 1923, where a shaft about .;tO feet deep was sunk in the ~iddle of the vein, In 194.2, Mrs. Westbrooks' son removed seven or eight tons of mica from this locality. Recently, C. M. Wacaster stoped down the soft kaolinized feldspar filling the shaft and removing some scrap mica. The peg . matite appears to be from 15 to 20 feet thick, containing schist inclusions which dip southwest. The dike appears to strike N. 40o to 60o W. It con sists of coarse cleavable, semi-kaolinized feldspar, some smoky quartz, muscovite, and biotite. Quartz lenses occur, but none are evident now in the dike. MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 79 The muscovite is abundant ia the pegmatite, has a deep rum color, and books tend to cluster about the mica schist inclusions. The mica books are all bent and twisted, so that very little sheet could be obtained from the mine. A large amount of scrap and a consid~rable amount of washer punch could be obtained here. Commercial feldspar could be obtained here. DR. T. D. THURMAN MINE Mica has been mined on the old T. D. Thurman farm, which is located 3.4 miles (airline) and 4 miles by road S. 70o W. of Forsyth. The mine is west of a dirt road running north and south between the Barnesville-Forsyth Highway and the Culloden-Forsyth Road. It is half a mile north of the Culloden-Forsyth Road. The mine is now owned by H. S. Worsham of Forsyth. Mica was mined here about 1917-18 and again in 1922. According to reports, it was mined first by Lambert and Way; later McKinney and Owens worked here. A small amount of work has been done since that time. The mine consists of a series of old .shafts which strike generally in an east-west direction covering an area of about 100 by 300 feet which begins about 200 feet west of the above mentipned dirt road. A second set of pits occur about 100 yards west of the former, and extend over an area of similar size. Many of the pits are rather shallow and none of the shafts seem to have exceeded 40 feet in depth. Only one of the eastern openings was accessible at the time of the inspection. This shaft exposed a 3-foot pegmatite dike whose strike could not be determined. This shaft is vertical down to the 25-foot level, from which point extends an inclined drift to the north. The drift extends below water level which is at about 30 feet. West and northwest of the above described shaft there are five pits which apparently, from the' nature of their dumps; represent shafts which have caved completely. No record as to the depth of these shafts could be obtained but, from the size of each dump, it appears that their original depth was between 30-40 feet. All of these old works tend to line up in an east-west direction. The country rock is deeply weathered in the vicinity of the mine, but in the road cuts near the mine it strikes N. 34o W., dipping 60o SW. It is a biotite gneiss completely saturated with granite. Fragments of smoky quartz, kaolinized feldspar, and mica books occur in the old dumps. Books of biotite, which will mea;mre 4 by 5 inches, occur locally. The early miners apparently discarded mica which would under present conditions be classified as commercial, because books 80 GEoRGIA GEOLOGICAL SuRvEY up to 3 by 5 inches across are in the dump at present. The mica is rumcolored, flat, hard, and splits well. A few books are curved; cracked and ruled books are not frequently encountered. Considerable mica of punch size and 1Y2 by 2 inches appears to have been left in the dumps. Mica books, which will measure 2 by 3 inches, were dug from the dike at the one locality where it was observed. The other mines mentioned previo~sly are west of the above qescribed locality; there are six pits in an (~ast-west line. The four easternmost pits expose the pegmatite and are from 10-15 feet deep and are abo~t 30 feet apart. No definite width of pegmatite here could be determined. The two western pits are at present from 15-20 feet deep and are connected by a drift between the two. The pegmatite is exposed in both openings. In the two western pits the pegl.llatite is exposed across the strike for at least 30 feet. It contains feldspar crystals which are at least two feet across; schist bands up to six inches in thickness occur in the pegmatite. Although the pegmatite appears to be much thicker at this end, the mineralogy is similar to that of the eastern part except fhat the dike seems to be coarser-grained and biotite books are much more abundant. The dike is terminated at the western end by a large "blow-out" of milky. quartz. This pegmatite probably corresponds to the type illustrated in Figure 9, but there has been insufficient prospecting to .determine this fact. The mica is rum-colored, and where the pegmatite is exposed in the two westernmost pits, mica books as large as 4 by 5 in~hes occur in it. Where observed, however, they are usually bent and wavy and somewhat cracked; other flat, good rum-colored books occur that will trim 1Y2 by 2 inches or larger. The extent of the works and size and quality of the mica found around the mine and in the pegmatite suggest that a considerable amount of good sheet mica was taken from this property. It is unlikely that mining was carried to any great depth thus good mica should -be obtained at and below water level. CHEROKEE AND PICKENS COUNTIES This area lies in Piedmont, Georgia, in the northern portion of the Atlanta plateau where the elevation generally ranges between 1,000 and 1,400 feet; the country is hilly and locally rough, but the mines and prespects are usually accessible by car. Most of the mines are only twenty-five to fifty miles north of Atlanta. The producing sections lie east and west of a line which extends through Toonigh, Holly Springs, Canton, and Tate, and includes an area of about 300 square miles. The GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 48 fiGURE 27 FIGURE 27 MICA MINES AND PROSPECTS SOUTHWEST Of HOLLY SPRINGS, CHEROKEE COUNTY GEORGIA. MINES AND PROSPECTS I. Wacaster Mine 2. The Cole Mine 3. J.D. Hillhouse Mine 4. J. 0. Hillhouse Pro3pect 5. The Hause Mine 6. The Hause Prospect 7. The Hi II house Prospect 8. The Dean Mine 9. The Kuykendall Prospect 10. The Ledford Mine Scale 0 Mile I &=3 E3 82 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY two producing areas occur on opposite sides of the marble belt. A considerable amount of good mica has been produced from a pegmatite zone five or six miles in length southwest of Jaspar; in eastern Cherokee and Pickens counties east of the marble belt, mines and prospects are scattered over considerable territory. Clear, strategic mica and spotted mica of the "electric" grade in many cases are tal):en from the same mine. Cherokee County WACASTER MINE This mine is located 1.2 miles (airline) S. 4.Do W. of Holly Springs and 1.5 miles (airline) N. 20o W. of Toonigh. It is 1.6 miles by road from Holly Springs. The mine is on Lot 419, 15th District, 2nd Section of Cherokee County, and the present owner of the property is }. R. Barbour, Cincinnati, Ohio. The mine was opened in 1920 and was worked at various interyals until 1926. No work has been done at this mine since then. The mining was done by C. M. Wacaster for the Tri-State Mica Company, Chicago, Illinois. The pegmatite is very irregular in shape and in thickness, and is very variable in its mica content. A pit about one-eighth of a mile southwest of the Wacaster home exposes the pegmatite which strikes N. 35o E., dipping 6r SE. Sheets as large as 2 by 3 inches are s~id to have been trimmed from books removed from this pit. The mica is green and spotted. Most o the mining was done several hundred feet southwest of the above-described pit. The opening, considerably filled, is now 5-20 feet deep and about 50 feet in diameter. According to. Mr. Wacaster, the workings at this mine, now completely filled, consist of a vertical shaft 60 feet deep sunk in the country rock just southwest of the pegmatite. From the bottom of the shaft, a crosscut 24 feet long to the northeast was made to the pegmatite. Where the cross-cut reached the pegmatite, drifts were made along the pegmatite in both directions. These drifts total 60 feet in length. Mr. Wacaster states that later a shallow 95-foot drift was made in the pegmatite from the pit to the northwest. Considerable timbering was left in the mine and water was encountered just below the opening as it now appears. The mica at this locality is spotted and somewhat wavy, but it is hard and represents a good grade of "electric" mica. Wacaster states that a 36pound block, which measured 7 by 14 inches, was obtained from one MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 83 place in the mine and that $925.00 worth of mica was taken out in one afternoon; Most of the mica is said to have been obtained from near the surface. Mica taken from this locality was hauled to a mica cutting house near old Camp Gordon. A pit was made in the pegmatite, a short distance southwest of the main workings near the southwest corner of the lot. The pegmatite here consists for the most part of primary kaolin. It contains some small books of ruled mica and some small lenses of ~ilky and smoky quartz. The pegmatite at this locality dips about 60 SE. Southwest of this pit, the pegmatite appears to terminate in a quartz "bl0w0ut". Northeast of the openings described above, on the northeast corner of the lot and just southeast of the Wacaster home, a kaolinized pegmatite has been prospected. This is probably the pegmatite described above. The pit is about 40 feet long, 15 feet wide, and 10 feet deep. According to Mr. Wacaster, about 35 per cent of the material washed from this deposit is kaolin. N. M. CoLE MINE This mine is located 1.3 miles (airline) N. 25 o W. and 1.5 miles by road from Toonigh on the old Cole property. The mine is about 200 yards west of the Toonigh-Cherokee Mills Road on a small branch of Toonigh Creek. The property is now owned by E. M. McCandless of Canton. Several pits and shallow excavations were made in the vicinity of a branch on this property by Mr. Makepeace of Ball Ground. He stated that considerable mica was removed by him from this property, but that many of the blocks were weathered and clay-stained. He reported that he found some of the deposits to be but local pockets which pinched out not far from the surface. Some mining is said to have been done by others at a later date who dug a hole near the branch where they used a. pump. The pits are partly filled at the present time. The country rock is a biotite gneiss striking N. 31 o E. and dipping 45 SE. The pegmatite ap- pears to strike N. 34 o E. and dip 82 SE. It is associated with a rather strong quartz lead. 'l;'here is very little mica to be found around the site of the old mine. Fragments of mica and weathered mica books probably from this mine are found on the branch below the mine at the site of an old burned dwelling. The mica is light rum in color, but the pieces are generally spotted. It is also badly cracked and ruled. 84 GEoRGIA GEOLOGICAL SuRVEY J.D. HILLHOUSE MINES These openings are located 1.7 miles (airline) N. 45 W. of Toonigh near a crossroad of a road leading from Holly Springs and one from Toonigh. It is on Lot 599, District 15, Section 2 of Cherokee County. Two openings of long standing ancently by Vernon and, judging from the material available for inspec- 102 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY tion, a considerable amount of 1;/2 by 2 inches and much scrap could be obtained here. Since the mica is considerably stained at this level, the shaft should be deepened to harder rock. Drifts or cross-cuts should be driven northwest and southeast from the bottom of the shaft towards the borders of the pegmatite, since prospecting thus far has developed the possibility of producing beryl, some sheet mica, and scrap mica in com- mercial quantities. w. A. AMPHLETT PROSPECT This prospect is located 4.6 miles (airline) S. 86o E. of Ball Ground and a half of a mile (airline) S. 50 E. of Conn's Creek Church. It is on the property of the Standard Pyrites Company in Lot 46 or 47 of Conn's Creek District. This property has been leased recently by Mr. A. W. Amphlett of Buford, Georgia. A small pit was dug about four or five years ago on the side of a hill in the woods southwest of the soil road which leads southeast from Conn's Creek Church by Sam H. Freeman. Freeman removed a small amount of mica. Recently, J. L. Cornalison dug a small trench about 20 feet long which follows the strike of the pegmatite. The pegma:tite is 2;;i-3 feet thick. It strikes N. 49 E. and dips 40 SE. It appears to be conformable to the country rock. The pegmatite is hard and . unweathered; the mica schist which encloses it is moderately weathered, but will become hard a short distance below the surface. No strong quartz lead is noted here in association with the pegmatite, although small lenses of white granular quartz occur in the dike. The pegmatite is composed of coarse potash feldspar which contains in addition to quartz, tourmaline, and sheet mica. About 100 pounds of mica books thrown out by Freeman lie around the opening. The mica is flat and clear and no spots or "A" structures were observed in the samples. The books average unusually large and pattern mica 3 by 4 inches could have been trimmed from some of them. Most of the books split well, but in some books there will be a small area where the cleavage is locked. A few books contain some small crystals of black tourmaline. Ruling occurs and some of the books are crossed by a small escarpment-like feature which represents the physical condition which immediately precedes ruling. More prospecting should be done at this locality. Other pegmatites which have not been prospected occur in this vicinity. A pegmatite dike crosses the road about 250 yards north of the one described above. This dike is three or four feet wide; it strikes ahou t N. 25o E. and dips 40o -45 SE. MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 103 REVIS PROPERTY This property is located on the Centerville-Fourmile Church Road 3.75 miles (airline) N. 52o E. of Ball Ground and 2.75 miles (airline) S. 72 E. of Nelson (see Tate Quadrangle). The pegmatite of this un- prospected property is owned by J. T. Revis of Ball Ground, Route l. It is at least 300 feet long and crops out about 250 feet southwest of the dwelling house. The dike strikes about N. 78 W. and dips to the southwest. At one place where the dike is exposed in the road, it is only about two feet thick and contains small flakes of mica. The dike also contains black tourmaline. At one locality in the pasture south of the house, flat, clear, hard sheets of mica which may be dug up with a prospector's pick are as large as 2 by 3 inches. The quality of the mica, and the thickness of the pegmatite appear to be variable, but the latter locality is worth some prospecting. S. S. DENSMORE PROSPECT This prospect is located on the farm of S. S. Densmore, Ball Ground, Route l. It is 3.6 miles (airline) S. 82o E. of Nelson and 1.1 mile (airline) S. 25 E. of Fourmile Church. A pegmatite on this property strikes S. 10o W. near the dwelling and dips 70o to the southeast. It was prospected about 1916 and again at about 1937. An old pit, now ten feet deep, may be seen about 200 feet southeast of the house where some small mica books may be seen on the dump. About 100 feet southwest of this pit in the edge of the woods, there is a small pit from which one-half bushel of mica is said to have been removed. All the mica left around the opening is scrap. The books exhibit "A" structure, are twisted, and the small flat areas between the ribs of the "A" structures are stained with numerous dark parallel lines. The prospect is not promising. Pickens County w. P. STANCIL PROSPECT This prospect is located upon the property of W. P. Stancil. It is 2.75 miles (airline) N. 60o W. of Tate and 2.5 miles (airline) due south of Jasper. It is in Lot 91, 13th District, 2d Section of Pickens County. There are several small outcrops of mica pegmatite upon this property. A small pit on the north side of the road near the dwelling was made in a pegmatite which contains pieces of mica about the size of a silver dollar. The pegmatite is not exposed. The amount of prospecting is extremely 104 GEoRGIA GEoLOGICAL: SuRVEY limited, but it is doubtful if commercial, .sheet mica could be obtained from this spot. JENNIE BURRELL ~ROPERTY This property, now owned by Clifford Jones, is located 2.6 miles (airline) N. 70o W. of Tate, 3.4, miles (airline) due south of Jasper, and is on lot 125, 13th district, 2d section, o(Pickens County. This property has not been prospected and was not seen by the writers. A small amount of good sheet mica is said to have been found about fifty yards above the dwelling house. ALLEN MoRTON PROSPECT This prospect is located on the property of M. H. Davis and Will Richards of Jasper, Route 3. It is 3.5 miles (airline) N. 80 W, .of Tate and 3.5 miles (airline) S. lOo W. of Jasper on Lots 122 and 123, District 12, Section 2, of Pickens County. Mica was mined here on top of the ridge. The pit is now nearly filled up and is only six feet deep. About 15-18 feet of soft, stained kaolin with a little quartz and streaks of small mica flakes are exposed near the top of the pit. The pit is said to have been originally 15 feet deep. The largest piece of mica reported to have been taken from the pit was six inches in diameter, but only a little sheet was found. No mica fragments as large as punch were observed around the prospect when it was visited by the writers November 17, 1942. Small pieces found on the dumps are free of spots but do not split well; many of them are curved and cracked. The vein appears to strike N. 15o E. It is enclosed in a quartz-muscovite schist which strikes N. 35o E. and dips 70 SE. Smith,15 who visited this property December 5, 1932 states: "About an eighth of a mile to the north in a branch there is an outcrop of feldspar of good quality. The feldspar shows some quartz intergrowths, but the amount of quartz is not excessive. Pieces of mica up to two inches across are showing on top of the ground. The outcrop in the bed of the branch is 15-18 feet wide. About an eighth of a mile south of the Allen Morton prospect, on the slope above another branch, outcrops of a feldspar vein have been blasted off where about ten feet of the width of the vein is exposed. Further prospecting would he necessary to determine the quantity and quality of the feldspar. There is a massive quartz outcrop on the ridge east of the pegmatite dike." MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 105 c. C. WEST PROSPECTS These prospects are on the old C. C. West property now owned by W. C. Sellers. These prospects are located 1.6 miles (airline) N. 75 W. of Cagle School, 1.6 miles (airline) N. 75 E. of Bethany Church, 3.5 miles (airline) S. 65o W. of Tate, and 4.7 miles by road southwest of Tate (see Tate Quadrangle). They are on Lot 13, District 13, Section 2, of Pickens County. Some prospecting was done upon this property years ago by Mr. West. A small pit was made recently in a pegmatite about 4 feet wide which strikes N. 29o E. and dips with the biotite gneiss country rock 56o SE. Some sheet mica is scattered through the pegmatite where it occurs in books which tend to be arranged parallel to the dip and st~ike of the dike. Small lenses of milky quartz occur in the pegmatite. The mica is clear and free of spots, green and of the "A" variety. This prospect is not even a good one for scrap mica. Smith,IO who visited this property October 25, 1932, makes the following statement regarding it: "Several mica bearing veins cross this property on the slope north of Cagle Branch. One of these, prospected several years ago, appears to strike N. 15 o E., dipping 50 SE. The dike is about five feet thick consisting mostly of kaolinized feldspar. The country rock is foliated mica schist which is sometimes garnetiferous. A small pit was made in another dike about 300 feet east of the former. This dike is three feet wide striking about N. 20o E. Fresh ~feldspar was struck a foot or so beneath the surface where prospecting was stopped. Mica taken from both places was in blocks from 3-5 inches across, but much of it was broken and shattered. All was clear with no spots and no "A" type. mica seen. Some massive quartz occurs in both of the mines, mostly on the hanging wall side. The last mentioned vein is about 50 feet above the flat land of the creek valley and should be further prospected." In the hollow, about mid-way between the two mines described above there is a poorly exposed dike of feldspar and quartz which contains only small pieces of mica and which seems to be nearly 20 feet wide. The outcrop exposes pink feldspar with some coarse intergrowths of quartz. The visible feldspar does not contain over 15 per cent quartz. Near by is a three foot vein of "burr rock." F. M. CAGLE MINE This property is 4.8 miles S. 65o W. of Tate (airline) and 5.0 miles by road southwest of Tate (see Tate Quadrangle). It is two miles by road ~ast of Bethany Church and 2.4 miles by road southeast of Refuge 106 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Church. The mine is on Lot 195, District 13, Section 2 of Pickens County. The mining area is located in a meadow, and about 200 yards west and northwest of the old homeplace. Galpin3 found a square pit 10 feet deep at this place where s~me prospecting had been done in 1904. At that time Mr. Cagle stated that trimmed sheets 4 by 10 inches had been removed although the small pit was partly filled and covered with grass. The prospect was discovered shortly after this by Burleson, who is said to have purchased the property. He is reported to have mined mica here in 1918. Mr. 0. C. Cagle now owns farm land around the mine. A series of pits made during Burle son's time follow the pegmatite for about a quarter of a mile below the house in a N. 10o E. direction. The pegmatite averages five feet in width, dipping southeast with the country rock. The enclosing rocks are biotite gneiss and hornblende gneiss. These rocks strike N. 6o E. and dip 68o SE.. Smith,15 who visited the mine November 25, 1932, found the pits relatively open and accessible. At the present writing, they have been partly filled so that only part of the pegmatite is exposed in two pits at the northeast end of the mining area, now upon the property of 0. C. Cagle; they were accessible at the time of Smith's visit. He found two pegmatites at this northeast locality. He states: "Both of the veins are about five feet in width, striking about N. 15 E. and dipping 55 SE. One pit extends about 18 feet on an incline, which. is lengthened into a vertical shaft which is about 25 feet deep on the vein. A cross-cut at the bottom of the shaft extends to the other pegmatite, but water was encountered at this level and a pump was used. Other openings went about 18 feet on the incline." The feldspar of the pegmatite is partly kaolinized near the surface, but relatively hard and unaltered near water level. Judging from fragments left in the dumps, the good mica is associated with white cleavable feldspar and smoky quartz. Some thick, milky quartz lenses occur with the pegmatite, but the mica found in these is of the "wedgeA" type. Smith15 states that mica books 12 by 18 inches are reported to have been taken from the mine. Books of mica free of spots that will measure 2 by 3 inches arid several as large as 5 by 6 inches were discovered around the mine in November, 1942. The mica is clear, flat, and most of it splits well. Its principal defect consists of small specks and crystals of biotite which are included in some of the books. Almost no mining has taken place here since the days of Burleson. It is reported that two truck MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 107 loads of mica were dug from one of the holes about three years ago. Flat crystals of red garnet are found in some of the books of mica. The country rocks associated with the dike are of more than usual interest to mineralogists. Large garnets, two inches in diameter may be picked up in the soil near the pegmatite. Smith states that dornicks of massive kyanite containing considerable quartz occur in the hill on the west side of the mine. Numerous fragments of massive, coarsely, crystalline, blue kyanite are found by the farmers in fields east of 'the mine. Rutile crystals, an inch or more in diameter lie loose in the soil, and some clear quartz crystals as large as four inches in diameter have also been found. These minerals have not been prospected. The local reports and size and quality of mica found around the mine show that good sheet mica was mined from this locality. The width of the pegmatite, its known extent, and the mineralogy of the deposit also are favorable. One of the pits contains water at a depth of about 12 feet below the surface. This pit is located at the lowest point along the strike of the pegmatite. It is possible that the pits were abandoned by the early miners as soon as they reached water level, thus good mica should be obtained here below water level. DENSON MINES These mines are located 4.75 miles (airline) due west of Nelson on the property of S. A. Denson, Jasper, Route 4. The farm is on the south side of Rock Creek just north of the Cherokee County line. It is one mile S. 60o E. of Bethany Church (see Tate Quadrangle). It is in the 12th District, 2d Section of Pickens County. Five or six openings have been made upon this property near the dwelling and northeast of the dwelling for a distance of about half a mile. L. Green of North Carolina mined first on this property about 50 years ago. He disposed of his interests to Burleson who mined on Lot 203 in 1920-21. Green and Burleson mined in the field about 100 yards northwest of the house. The minirig was done for Mr. Burleson by Oliver Howell. Very little can be seen at this locality at the present time where an oval-shaped open cut about six feet deep (originally 25 feet deep) is surrounded by several pits that were from 18-30 feet in depth. According to Mr. Denson, the open cut was made by Howell and the 30-foot, now mostly filled, pit on the southwest side of the open cut, was made by Green who used a pump. When visited by the writers November 17, 1942, the pits were found to be largely filled and there are no exposures. Smith,l5 who visited the property November 25, 1932 states: 108 GEoRGIA G:EoLOGICAL Su:RVEY "The vein appears to strike E-W and dips, about 45o S; it is about t~n feet wide. The pit went to about 25 feet in: .depth where conside:r"J.ble water was struck which stopped mining. Massive quartz is showing,: ,but the pit is said to have been in both kaolin and hard feldspar 1 when mining stopped. Some large mica 12 by 18 inches is said to have come from here. It is reported that fifteen barrels of mica wete removed. by Mr. Green and eighteen barrels by Mr. Burleson. It was all of good amber color and flat." Mr. Denson states that the mica rights on this property, involving an acre of land more or less were purchased by Burleson for the consideration of $1,000. It is not possible to recommend or condemn a property where so little can be seen, and where the conditioni of the mine when abandoned is not known. Reports which came to' Smith, statements regarding the mine collected by the writers, and Mr. Burleson's undoubted high opinion of the property justify the re-opening of the mine. As far as information can be collected, the workings were shallow, not having gone beyond 30 feet; considerable water may be expected beyond that depth. Mica was mined from a pit in the garden northeast of the house. This pit is now completely filled. Smith15 states that mica was mined here "from another vein which strikes north or a little east of north, dipping west. This vein averages ten feet in thickness but locally attains a thickness of twenty feet. The pit is twenty feet deep, all in soft kaolin except a streak of quartz in the middle of the vein." About a quarter of a mile N. 15 E. of the dwelling some work has been done recently in two small pits which were opened several years ago. The pegmatite strikes N. 20o E. and dips 45 o SE.; it is generally conformable to the country rock. It is 3-6 feet in thickness. The mica from this place is hard, clear, and rum-colored but some "A" mica occurs. The largest sheets taken from this place are reported to have measured five inches across. Mr. Denson states that some pattern mica 2 by 3 inches was obtained. Some specimens of punch size can be found around the openings. More prospecting should be done here. About 300 yards northeast of the above described locality on the same property, there are several small pits on the south side of the creek near the top of the valley wall, the largest of which is reported to have been 20 feet in depth. The vein appears to dip about 45 o E., vary- ing in thickness from 1 to 3 feet. This locality was mined by Mr. Denson, who states that he obtained two or three thousand pounds of mica which MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 109 he sold to Mr. Burleson. Some of the mica is of the "A" type and a considerable part of that mined was classified as scrap. Mr. Denson obtained one book of good mica not of the "A" type which weighed 60 pounds. Flat sheets of good mica which will measure 2 by 2 inches may be found at the present time around the pits. Loose fragments of massive kyanite are found in the fields upon the Denson property. Numerous crystals of beryl have been picked up associated with quartz and pegmatite on the Denson property northeast of the above described localities. Very little work has been done at this end of the property. The pegmatite on this part of the farm and on adjoining land was described by Smith :1 5 "About three-eights of a mile due east from the last pit described above, in the bend of Rock Creek on Austin Elan's property (Jasper Route 3), and adjoining the Denson place, there is an outcrop of massive quartz boulders and ledges 3-6 feet across. Mica has been mined at places between these ledges, the last time about five years ago. Some mica now showing in the quartz has a greenish tinge. One light green beryl crystal two inches in diameter was exposed in a large piece of quartz. The quartz ledges total about 100 feet in width. On their southeast side the surface of the ground is strewn with boulders of fine-grained biotite gneiss. On the creek on the S. E,. Cook property (Jasper, Route 3), and near the stream level, Mr. C. M. Wacaster of Holly Springs recently blasted out the vein to a small extent and is said to have recovered some good mica. Fragments of mica left behind are somewhat twisted. The massive quartz of the vein here is at least 50 feet across." J. F. CARNEY PROSPECT This prospect is one mile S. 30o E. of Bethany Church on the south side of Rock Creek just north of the Cherokee County line and about a quarter of a mile northeast of the Bennett mine. It is on Lot 229, District 12, Section 2, of Pickens County. Smith,15 who visited this locality October 25, 1932, states: "Several small veins are said to cross this property; one was prospected about 10 years ago. Two sacks of mica were dug from the side of a little ditch beside the road at the corner of the barn lot by an old mica company that was mining on the adjoining property across the line in Cherokee County. No mica is showing now. More or less quartz and mica are showing on the slope to the south of this locality. The country rock is garnetiferous, and loose dornicks of kyanite occur in the soil." llO GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURV-EY JoNES OR BozEMAN MINE This mine is located two miles (airline) S. 45o W. of Dug Gap and three miles (airline) S. 60o E. of Tate on the property of Mrs. Rozella Jones. The mine is three-quarters of a mile southwest of Federal School, and one mile west of Fourmile Creek. There has been mining at; this locality at various times for the past fifty years bn Lot 181, District 4, Section 2. The pegmatite strikes N. 60o E. Toward the northeast, a 35-foot shaft was made upon the pegmatite by W. H. Bozeman and J. S. Wood. A 20-foot shaft with a short drift at the bottom toward the pegmatite was made by Pitman in 1941 near the southwestern end of the works. The mine was leased, and development work was done in the S].!mmer of 1942 by Frank English, Spruce Pine, North Carolina and Mr. E. M. Clapp, Atlanta, Georgia. English sunk a shaft to the pegmatite about half way between the two shafts mentioned above. At the bottom of this shaft, he made an inclined drift which follows the pegmatite along the dip for a distance of about 25 feet; another drift about 15 feet long extends northeast from the bottom of the shaft along the strike of the pegmatite. The pegmatite is at least five feet thick and may be as wide as 7-8 feet locally. It strikes N. 60 E., dipping 40o SE. It is accompanied by a persistent quartz lead in the form of lenses. The fragments of milky to smoky quartz, abundant on the dumps, contain books of mica and black tourmaline. Beryl is reported from this locality. The country rock is weathered biotite gneiss which strikes N. 30o E. and dips 20o SE. Biotite books as large as 2 by 2 inches occur in the pegmatite. The mica is hard and of light rum color. Some of the books are clear and free of spots, but other books are sheeted and sold as "electric" mica. A twelve-pound book of the latter type was exhibited by Mr. English which would cut pattern mica 3 by 5 inches. At the present writing, November 18, 1942, the mine is not being worked, but Mr. English believes that there is sufficient mica and mica of suitable quality to . justify the continuation of mining. English and Clapp sold recently at old prices 841 pounds of clear mica for $308.00. Of this amount 745 pounds were punch; 58 pounds, 11jz by 2 inches; and 17 pounds; 2 by 3 inches. Sold also was 730 pounds of black or "electric" mica which brought $lll.7l. Of this amount 627 pounds were punch; 78 pounds, 2 by 2 inches; 18 pounds, 2 by 3 inches; 3 pounds, 3 by 3 inches; and 4lj2 pounds, 3 by 5 inches. These figures represent about two weeks work. About an eighth of a mile southwest of the above-described locality, work has been done in the past and also recently for mica. Some work MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES lll is said to have been done here by Mr. Burleson of Spruce Pine, North Carolina, who sank a pit upon the pegmatite about eight feet deep and drifted 20 feet along the vein to recover some good mica. At the present time, the work consists of an inclined trench in the direction of the dip which is terminated by a ten-foot drift. One or two shallow cross-cutting trenches arc;~ found on the hillside just above this spot. A small amount of work was done here recently by Mr. English. The pegmatite at this place is five feet or more thick containing some thick quartz lenses. It dips southeast 35o and is generally accordant with the country rock. The mica is light rum in color and no spotted mica was observed. There is some "A" mica and many of the b0oks are bent and cracked. The flat books split well. Small books of biotite are common. The rock is hard at this locality but the prospect does not appear to offer the promise of the mine to the northeast. It would seem that the amount of prospecting, however, has been insufficient to develop definitely the possibilities of this place. It is believed that this prospect is on the same pegmatite as the mine to the northeast, thus prospecting should be done along the strike of the dike between the two localities. Other openings are reported along the strike to the southwest. REYNOLDS MINE The mine is at the junction of Dug Road and the old Federal Road a quarter of a mile N. 20o W. of Federal School. It is at the top of a ridge on the north side of Dug RoHd on the property of Mrs. Emily Reynolds. The pegmatite is accompanied by a strong quartz lead. It has profoundly affected the mica gneiss which contains tourmaline and small books of sheet mica the size of a silver dolla. near the contact with the dike. The gneiss layers of the country rock are nearly vertical and strike N. 55 o E. When the mine was visited by the writers November 18, 1942, it was found to be almost completely filled up and practically nothing could be determined about the character of the pegmatite or the extent of the mine. Fragments of sheet mica clear, flat and as large as 2 by 2 inches may be picked up at this locality. Small pieces of biotite mica about the size of a half-dollar piece are found. When Smith visited the mine, October 27, 1932, the property was leased by Mr. Boggs and Mr. C. M. Wacaster of Holly Springs. Smith15 states: "They were stripping tw.e veins about 30 feet apart both striking N. 35o E. The westernmost dike has a six-foot streak of quartz with considerable kaolin and shattered mica on either side of it. The pegmatite 112 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY appears to be about 10 feet thick, and near the surface it is ahnost horizontal but pitches sharply to the southeast at depth. The width a:nd 'dip of the eastern vein could not be determined because it was insufficiently uncovered. There is a three-foot layer of quartz on the foot wall. Crysta:lsi of tourmaline and a little black mica are exposed." MRs. MAY DAVIS PROPERTY This property lies 1.5 miles west of Federal School and half a mile due south of the J.D. Howell mine. According to reports, mica was mined here about forty years ago wing in the dumps and as float on the, hill- MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 139 side consists of large milky quartz, a mixture of quartz and microcline, and mica associated with the quartz. The mica is hard, clear, and light rum-colored; ruling is common and many books are wavy. Smithl5, who visited the property in 1932, states: "Old inhabitants of this section, noted for their truthfulness, state that mica taken from here was 12 to 18 inches across, imd that the girls cut it into fans that were used in this part of the country." B. F. ScHULER MINE Mica has been mined in the past upon B. F. Schuler's farm located ll miles by road south of Blairsville and on the west side of the old Tesnatee Gap Road. The mine is near old Ponder's post office and above the mouth of Hilton Creek on Lot 36, District 1 of Union County. On a slope in a hollow east of the headwaters of Chestatee Creek, a 3-foot pegmatite was prospected in 1930 by Luce England. The dike strikes N. 60o E., almost parallel to the hollow, dipping 65 o SE. with the slope of the hilL The three prospect pits here were made along the pegmatite for a distance of about 50 feet in the direction of the strike. All three pits were originally about 20 feet in depth, but at present they are nearly filled by cave-ins. An old cross-cutting drift was started about 30 feet below the outcrop but it was stopped before it intersected the dike. The dike is enclosed in hard biotite gneiss which strikes and dips with it. The pegmatite consists of a milky quartz lens from 6 to 12 inches thick near its middle, with mica and semi-kaolinized feldspar on each side of the quartz. Most of the mica is reported to occur near or against the quartz lens. The dump shows pieces of mica up to four inches across which are somewhat curved and ruled. The mica is free of spots, hard, and light rum-colored. According to Smith15, about 100 pounds of the best mica is said to have been shipped from here, including a few blocks from 8 to 10 inches across. RoGERS AND RECTOR PROPERTY In 1932, the property here-mentioned was owned by F. R. Rogers and Mrs. 0. M. Rector of Blairsville. The property is two miles southeast of Hampton Gap on the new highway to Blairsville; and is located on Lot 19, District 7, Section l. Smith15 found a kaolinized dike about 13 feet wide exposed on the old road. The dike dips 70 to the north, striking approximately E.-W. A quartz lens, about one foot thick, occurs on the hanging wall side. This is a kaolinized feldspar dike, and thus very little mica is reported. 140 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SuRVEY J. M; SILVEY PROPERTY This prospect is on Pea Vine Ridge, west of Brasstown Bald a'nd east of Buzza,rd Roost; it is about 1500 feet above Brasstown Valley and from four to five miles south of Young Harris. The mineral rights were owned by J. M. Silvey and the land was owned by the Vogel Land Company, but it now lies within the Chattahoochee National Forest. The first work done on the Silvey property was about 30 years ago. It was worked. again by Harvey Caldwell in 1932. Smith15 examined this property in 1932 where he found two openings in a vein striking about N. 25o E. and at least 20 feet wide. Heavy lenses of quartz occur in the middle of the vein. Mica occurs on eaeh side of the quartz, most of the remaining portion of the vein bei:ng kaolinized feldspar. He reports a considerable amount of mica here but a poor quality. On Locust Ridge, the next ridge to the west, there is said to be another large vein which was prospected 40 years or more ago by Judge John England. It is said that England found some good sheet mica. DYER MINE An old mine, considerably removed from the mica mining' sections, occurs on Lot 150, southwest of Towns Creek upon the property of- Mrs. W. E. Dyer near Choestoe. It is 12 miles southeast of Blairsville by way of the Blairsville-Dahlonega, C. C. C. camp, and W. P. A. roads. :rhe mine is located near the bottom of a hill on the west side of the country road, about 500 feet N. 60 W. of Mrs. Dyer's home. ' . It is reported that mica was mined here first in 1890. About 1900, or a few years later, Joe Davenport and J. C. Collins ran a drift .into the vein and are said to have removed considerable mica. B. E.. Dy~r prospected here during 1908 removing some promising-looking mica'. Mrs. Dyer reports that about 1914 or 1915, a North Carolina miner opened the mine removing a considerable amount of mica, and did not pay for it. Mining was done in 1918 by Luce England, who cleaned out the old drift, and extended it 20 feet farther. A shaft on the hill which intersects some of the old workings was made recently by operators from Gainesville, Georgia. Numerous drifts and cross-cuts have been made into the hill, thus the search for mica has been rather thorough at this place. When the property was inspected by the writers, November 5, 194.2, the entrances to the main workings were accessible, but some cross-cuts and drifts were filled GEORGIA GEOLOGI CAL SuRVEY BULLETIN 4S FIGU RES 32, 33, and 34 Horizon tal drift \ JO' inclined drift'\ ~' ~pencuf )/ flOf~;';';'/ ,,'f..-;."/" \~,\,,,,, ,,1,\,., \\\_ \\ \\ \\ SAIN .-J~ \\ MINE /~~'pe, cut \I ,...-""'.,.. Creek, one mile north of the Hiawassee-Clayton Road. The mine. is on the farm of a Mr. Bowen and 100 yards northeast of his home. Mr. Bowen owns three-quarters of the mineral rights and Mrs. W. A. Henson, of Hiawassee, owns one-quarter of the mineral rights. Work was first done at this mine by Fowler Ledford, Haysville, N. C. in 1929. In 1931, Charlie Lee, of Hiawassee, worked for about a week at this mine. Lee dug a drift about 30 feet long into the west side of the hill, hut no mica is showing in the drift. Eight open pits have been made on the western side and on top of the hill. The largest of the open pits is on the west side of the hill and is fifteen feet deep and twelve feet in diameter. It is reported that most of the mica removed c.ame from this largest pit. The pegmatite, conformable to the country rock, strikes about N. 45 E. and dips very near vertical to the northwest. There is only one p,egmatite showing at the northern end of the workings; however, along the strike to the south the pegmatite seems to split. At the southernmost parts of the workings, the two brarrches of the pegmatite are about 75 feet apart. The eastern branch of the pegmatite, which is about eight feet thick, is composed mostly of kaolinized potash feldspar with small lenses of milky quartz and a small amount of mica; the western branch, as well as the main pegmatite, is composed of a lenticu}ar vein of quartz ranging up to two feet in thickness near the middle of the dike. The branch and main pegmatite have a thickness of from 4-6 feet. The mica books are in the quartz, and near the contact of the quartz and potash feldspar. The mica is smoky to rum in color and is spotted to pattern. It is flat, hard, and splits well. It is re:ported that sheets up to 8 by 8 inches have been gotten out of this mine. The average .sqeet size is reported to be about 3 by 4 inc4es. From 3,000 to 4,000 pounds of sheet and 6,000 pounds of scrap mica were reported by Mr. Bowen to have been sold from this mine. RABUN COUNTY Considerable mica has been produced from the pegmatite belt which occupies a northeast-southwest zone about 10 IIJiles east of Clayton. A MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 149 prospect on Rabun Bald and others near Scaly, North Carolina may have other connections. The mines produce clear, strategic mica and mica of the "electric" grade. They are in the Highland area, but are generally accessible by roads up mountain valleys and hollows. NoRTON MINE This mine is located 8.4 miles east of the railroad at Clayton. The natural approach is by way of Warwoman or Pine Mountain Road. The mine is on the southwest side of Ead's Ford Road, 0.4 miles south of its junction with Warwoman Road. The mine is on the Norton place, Lot 20, District 3, Rabun County. Mica has been known from the property and wprked spasmodically for about 60 years. The prospect was opened by John Norton and later leased several times to North Carolina miners. It is said that Irvin Rice of Highlands, N.C., removed about $1400 worth of mica in 1928. Recent work has been done by J. M. Norton, who states that he has sold about $1300 worth since 1941. The mica was prospected by WPA workers of the State Mineral Survey Project in 1941. These workers sank a shaft near the southe~st end of the present works and recently Mr. Norton removed mica from this shaft. The mine was leased in 1942 to R. H. Cameron of the Georgia' Mica Compa:rq. The pegmatite examined by the writers, October 12, 1942 is traceable from the hillside on the southwest side of Earl's Ford Road southward for at least 500 feet. No prospecting has been done on the northeast end where vein quartz is especially pronounced. The mine is located on the southeastern wall of Warwoman Creek where a small tributary has cut across the pegmatite. The principal development is a drift made by Mr. Norton. This drift has been driven for about 100 feet in a direction S. 50 E. through schist and into the pegmatite at a point about 70 feet above creek level. Near the head of this drift, there has been made four short cross-cuts, each of which encountered some mica but the largest and best is in the head of the drift. The pegmatite is well-defined and is 15-20 feet wide at the mine. The most reliable strike as taken along the west wall is N. 48" E. The pegmatite rolls slightly but the average dip ranges between 60 SE. to vertical. The pegmatite is unusually coarsely crystalline, and contains a large amount of high-grade potash feldspar. The feldspar is coarse, cleavable microcline, locally exhibiting well-developed crystal faces and coarse graphic granite or "corduroy" spar. The feldspar is generally 150 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY a light gray in c<.ilO"r but some pink feldspar occurs; feature common< to, the pegmatites in Rabun County. In the upper part of the mine, the jointsurfaces of the feldspar are stained by black manganese oxide. Quartz lenses 2-3 feet wide and up to 20 feet in length occur near the central portion of the pegmatite. Clear, but green "A'; mica occurs along the borders of -the quartz lenses. The mica is irregularly distributed in the pegmatite because locally the pegmatite consists almost entirely of feldspar. Mica from around the quartz lens near the head of the drift is hard, clear, and flat. Norton reports the occurrence of some books at this point 6 by 8 inches in the rough. Mica is plentiful near the foot-wall sid~ ~f the pegmatite and near its contact with the biotite-granite gneiss: The mica from the foot-wall area is mainly "electric" grade; however; some "A" mica occurs with it. The spotted mica has a faint greenish color; Some of the mica is considerably spotted and the spots are generally con' centrated near the center of the books; where books exhibit crystal outline the spots conform to a pattern. The drift mentioned above has not been driven to the hanging wall of the pegmatite. This pegmatite justifies additional development work carried out in a systematic manner. The dike strikes southwest from the head of the drift, thus mining should progress in this direction into and under the steep hill which rises towards the southwest. BLECKLEY PROSPECT This pegmatite, mentioned by Galpin,3 page 171, crosses the Pine Mountain or Warwoman Road, 6.3 miles east of the railroad at Clayton; it occurs in Land Lots i5 and 16, District 39, Rabun County. The property has been owned by Euber Nicholson, Clayton, Route 1, since 1935. The dike strikes N. 45 o W. where it crosses the highway; it was prospected years ago on the south side of the road where the remains of an old trench made along the line of strike may he seen. The pegmatite is well-exposed on the north side of the highway, where it cuts the schist nearly vertically. The dike at the highway attains a maximum thickness of 12 feet but includes much country rock. The enclosing mica schists dip 10-40 N. 30o E., but the dike there is intruded almost ver- tically into the axis of a local syncline of mica schist. A test pit on the south side put down recently by WPA workers appears to have missed the vein, and another pit on t4e north side of the road about 20 feet deep was made too near the road and was dug into country rock east MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 151 of the vein. The exposure is not especially favorable, but later prospecting might develop possibilities along a probable extension of the dike to the northeast. Mica is rather evenly distributed throughout the pegmatite. The mica is hard and splits well but is most! y of the "A" type, and books are rather smalL The mica is ruled, green in color, and spotted. No books were found that split larger than punch. PRosPECTS NEAR HAMBY ScHOOL Several prospects were examined in the vicinity of Hamby School which is located about half a mile southwest of the intersection of Flats Road with Warwoman Road. A pegmatite has been prospected recently by Jeff Speed upon a steeply wooded slope, several hundred yards south of Warwoman Road. A considerable amount of scrap mica was obtained from a hole about 9 feet deep, where a flat-lying pegmatite four feet or less in width is intruded into granite. The pegmatite is accompanied by a definite quartz vein which attains a thickness of about four feet. Mica is scattered throughout the pegmatite but books are large and more abundant against the quartz. The mica is all of the "wedge A" type, white and free of spots. About one mile north of Jeff Speed's house on a road to Apple Valley, a small pegmatite is exposed on the northeast side of the road This pegmatite is associated with small quartz lenses and is of the pocket type. The mica is curved, full of cracks, and much of it is of the "A" type. Several other narrow pegmatite dikes cross this road but very little mica larger than punch may be obtained from any one of them. On the Flats Road, 0.8 mile north of its junction with Warwoman Road, small books of mica are scattered uniformly through a pegmatite which is about 2.y2 feet wide. The pegmatite is exposed on the northwest bank of the road, strikes N. 50 E. and dips 55 SE. The mica is hard and of a light rum color but most of it is smaller than punch. Numerous narrow pegmatites which attain a thickness of three or four feet intrude biotite gneiss in a stone quarry near Holcomb Creek on the Flats Road. Similar pegmatites occur in the vicinity but no mica of commercial quality has been discovered in this locality. Some of the small books of muscovite contain intergrowths of biotite. KELL MINE This old mine is one of the best known mines in the state. The mine is located in the northeastern part of the county upon Walnut Fork, a 152 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SuRVEY tributary to Warwoman Creek which drains a part of the southeasterh slope of Rabun Bald. The only approach to the mine is a mountain road which leads northward from Warwoman Road to a point 8.3 miles east of the railroad at Clayton. Thi1:1 road follows the western side of a spur of Rabun Bald, and the mine is located at its crossing of Walnut Fork Creek, a rather large mountain stream. The mine is ~ocatea on Lot 39 of the 3d District of Rabun County. The mine is owned by H. E. and Gus Edwards, and Wm. H. Berry, Jr. The history of this mine is incompletely known. The mine was first worked by Dan Kell, deceased, of Clayton, who reported that a large amount of stove mica was shipped. Several blocks were encountered which produced trimmed sheets measuring 10 by 12 inches; considerable punch was also shipped. The mine was worked for mica and feldspar in 1917 by H. E. Edwards. Mr. Edwards states that he removed a block of mica which weighed 439 pounds, and sold it in the rough for $1.00 per pound. The mine was visited by Galpin3 in 1912. He found an open quarrylike cut 16 by 16 feet at the southwest base of the steep valley wall of Walnut Fork Creek, and only a few feet above strea!ll level. He states that the pegmatite dike attains a maximum width of 24 feet and dips 70o in a direction about N. 70o W. He states that a thickness of 8 to 12 feet along the hanging wall is coarsely crystalline pegmatite. When visited, October, 1942, the principal drift into the pegmatite was inaccessible and under water; Three main branches of the pegmatite, five to ten feet wide, may be observed above water level. These dike-like extensions cut the country rock at various angles. There is a drift a~out 15 feet above water level which follows one -af the branches of the pegmatite. In this drift, the pegmatite was observed to roll and change dip frequently within short distances. The country rock is generally a pepper and salt-colored biotite gneiss; near the mica pegmatite it strikes about N. 60o E., and dips 35-55 degrees southest. The gneiss is thoroughly decomposed above water level but retains its original structure. The feldspar of the pegmatite, however, is hard and only slightly kaolin:i:zed. All the rocks are fresh at water level. On the hill above the creek northeast of the entrance to the tunnel, the remains of an old partly-filled pit may be seen. A trench, 6 or 8 feet deep in this field, has been dug recently by WPA workers. Numerous fragments of hard, flat mica occur in the soil but all of the books are smaller than punch size. It is doubtful if this old pit intersected the main pegmatite vein. Since the original drift was driven. at near creek MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 153 level, those who wish to re-open the old drift will be faced with a serious water problem. If the mica-bearing shoots plunge downward as they do in marry mines, the water problem might become insurmountable. There has been insufficient prospecting in the ridge to the northeast of the drift where it is possible that a shaft might intersect the mica-bearing pegmatite. The dumps near the entrance to the drift consist mostly of quartz since 'the feldspar has been shipped. Large pieces of opalescent rose quartz, milky quartz, and some smoky quartz occur. Mica book~ were not fot:~nd in the quartz thus it is assumed that most of the sheet mica was associated with coarse feldspar. Based upon the probable extent of the operations, the mine produced considerable pota~h feldspar. A microscopic description and chemical analysis of the fel-dspar is given by Galpin.s Fragments of mica observed around the mine are flat, firm and un usually hard. This mica is almost colorless yet small books are dark and opaque. The mica splits exceptionally wdl and no spots or inclusions were observed. A ton or more of scrap remains at the site of. the old trimming shed. A part of this scrap is "A" mica and part of it consists of fragments trimmed from the better gra'de. Rib-like fragments suggest that some of the ."A" books were at least 15 inches in diameter. The "A" mica is green in color and a few small red garnets occa!;lionally occur near the point of the "A." Mu{;h of the "A" is of the wedge type, thus it splits very poorly. The two types of mica described above probably came from different parts of the .pegmatite, and probably represent two different periods of mica formation. TUNNELL OR CREIGHTON MINE This mine is located 7.7 miles by road east of Clayton. It is 1.7 miles southeast of Antioch School, and one mile southeast of Warwoman Creek and Beck's Mill via Chechero Road. It is in Lot 2, District 3 of Rabun Comity on property which formerly belonged to the Blue Ridge Railroad Company. This property was later sold to the Southern Rail road Company, and is now owned by George Garrett. According to reports, the dike was discovered about 1882, at which time it was worked by the Bleckleys. According to Galpin,3 the work ings consisted in ~915 of an open cut, 20 by 100 feet and 30 feet deep. Two drifts along the strike of the vein from both ends of the old open cut and four shafts, in the cut and beyond its south end, were made 154 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY recently of Cameron. Joe Porterfield, who is in charge of the mine, states that they have removed altogether 20 to 40 tons of mica within the last year. The pegmatite cross-cuts biotite gneiss, which dips from Oo -40o southeast and strikes N. lO o E. The dike is well-exposed in the drift at the northeast end of the old cut where it is 12 to 20 feet il} width, nearly vertical or dipping steeply to the southeast. It consists of massive feld- spar, some quartz lenses and mica. Locally, the dike is nearly all massive, faintly pink potash feldspar. Feldspar is coarser on the northwest contact and local lens-like bodies of medium fine-grained pegmatite occur near the hanging wall. It is stained by black manganese oxide near the sur~ face. Small smoky quartz lenses which occur with the feldspar and mica dip southeast from nearly 0 to 18 degrees. The best mica lies .near the foot wall. The drift to the south follows th~ pegmatite dike from a point near the old cut S. 15 o W. for a distance of about 100 feet, where it intersects the base of a 20-foot shaft. The pegmatite is generally narrower in this direction, where it is 2 to 3 feet thick locally. Mica is plentiful in many places near the hanging wall and foot wall. The pegmatite takes a definite roll to the southeast and widens near the terminus of the drift near the shaft. The mine is reported to have produced several tons of fine mica prior to recent operations. Porterfield states that a large book found recently cut sheets 8 to 10 inches in size. The mica is clear and specimens range in color between light rum and pale green, the latter niay contain spots. "A" mica occurs locally; mica in place in the south drift is occasionally curved; some is spotted, and ribbon structure is especially noticeable. Light rum-colored ribbons 7 by 1 inches occur. All the present works appear to be rather shallow. The mine should produce a considerabie amount of feldspar as well as mica. Present workings extend for a distance of about 250 feet but the dike is probably longer, and it should be further prospected along the strike to the northeast and southwest of the present workings. All attempts at deeper working in this locality should consider ground water problems. A pegmatite, which strikes nearly east and west, crops out a short distance west of the one described above. This dike should intersect the main pegmatite at a point north of the head of the northeastern drift. It was exposed by a WPA crew at a point north of the mine where it may be seen in a small pit about 60 yards west of the old open cut at the mine. MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 155 It is about 6 feet wide and is composed of very pink feldspar, smoky . quartz and green mica of the "A" type; there is also some ribbon present. A coarse granite intrudes biotite gneiss west of this dike. It is composed of potash feldspar and smoky. quartz; small garnets are common. This granite is associated with the pegmatites, thus it may be the parent rock from which they were derived. SPEED - ARRENDALE PROSPECT This prospect is located on a branch of Dick's Creek about 1.5 miles southeast of Beck's Mill and Warwoman Creek. It is on the east side of a hill about 50 feet above the branch and about three-quarters of a mile S. 40 E. of the old Mark Beck homeplace. The tnine is not accessible by road; it is half a mile west of the home of J. F. Speed. The property is located about 9 miles east of Clayton, in Lot 3, District 3, Rabun County. A small open cut was made on a hillside in 1937 across the strike of the pegmatite by J. M. Speed and J. V. Arrendale. In 1941, WPA work- ers of the State Mineral Survey Project made three or four parallel trenches on either side of the original prospect. The country rock is a granitized biotite gneiss which strikes N. 14o E. and dips 81 o SE. The pegmatite is about 10 feet thick, striking about 3r N. E.; it dips steeply southeast with the country rock but cuts it at a slight angle. Several feet west of this pegmatite a similar pegmatite about six feet wide is exposed in some of the trenches. The pegmatite is medium-grained, but coarser where sheet mica occurs. It is reported that 500-600 pounds of mica were removed from the prospect. Some of the mica is flat but a considerable amount is wavy and ruled; "A" mica occurs. The larger books of mica will measure 3 by 4 inches, but they are badly cracked. The mica is green and spotted; in many cases the central portions of the books are black. About three-quarters of a mile south of this prospect on the trail leading to Joe Hopkins' branch and about half-way between this prospect and the Mark Beck mine, WPA workers have done a small amount of work on another pegmatite. The dike is about three feet wide, strikes N. 40o E., dipping steeply to the southeast. The mica exhibits features similar to the mica described above. MARK BECK MINE This old mine is located 7.5 miles (airline) southeast of Clayton on Lot 74, District 4, of Rabun County. The approach from Clayton is via 156 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Warwoman and Dick's Creek roads, but the mine is accessible only. by trail. It is located about two miles south ef Dick's Creek Road which is the nearest highway approach. The mine is on the west valley wall and about 50 feet above Joe Hopkin's Branch. This mine was opened in the first years of the present century by Mark Beck upon lari.d then owned by his father, Captain Sam Beck. It was reworked for a short period by J. V. Arrendale around 1920. A small amount of prospecting around the mine was done recently by WPA workers of the State Mineral Survey Project. The mine is now on the land owned by the Federal Government. The country rocks consist of biotite gneiss with thin lenses of inter- bedded hornblende gneiss. These rocks dip variably in the vicinity of the mine from 10-30 degrees north and northwest. The strike of the cou~try rock ranges generally between northeast and east. The pegmatite was not well-exposed when examined by the writers. The dike is about 12 feet thick at the north end of the open cut~. Sterrett17 found the dike to range between 6 and 12 feet in thickness. According to Sterrett, who examined the property in 1907, the mine was developed by ineans of an open cut about 100 feet long and 10-15 feet deep, with three cross-cu~ting entries from the down-hill side. At the present writing, the open cut which follows the strike of the dike is about 140 feet long, bur it is partly filled. A dike of milky quartz between one and four feet in thickness, occupies the central part of the pegmatite. According to Watts,18 about five feet of the dike on either side of the quartz is a good grade of feldspar, the rest of the dike being low grade pegmatite. Coarsely crystallized masses of partly kaolinized feldspar a foot or more in diameter are common in the waste pile. Although a considerable amount of commercial feldspar could be produced at this mine, it could not be removed at the present time. A considerable amount of bluish, bluish-green, and yellowish-green beryl crystals have been found at this locality. Most of the mica is of the "A" type, and almost all of the samples to be seen in the dump at the present time are "wedge-A". Some of the books are as large as 8 by 10 inches; punch and clear sheets as large as 2 by 3 inches can be obtained from some of the "A" books. The angle of the "A" books is truncated frequently by ruling near the base. The mica is clear, green and free of spots. MICA-BEARING PEGMAT!TES 157 PROSPECT oN WESTMINISTER RoAD A small prospect occurs in the northeast bank of U. S. Highway 76, 3 miles west of the bridge over the Savannah River. The pegmatite is 28 feet wide, is nearly vertical and strikes northeast. It cuts the enclosing biotite gneiss which dips 15 o -35 o SE. The dike consists of massive pink feldspar and milky quartz. A single crystal of microcline, which exhibits crystal faces, was observed to be 2% feet lo~g and 2 feet thick. Scrap mica is abundant throughout the pegmatite. The mica is green in color but without spots. It is all of the "wedge-A" type; some of the books are at least a foot thick. PoRTER McCRACKEN MINE This old mine is 9.7 miles by road southeast of Clayton, and about three-quarters of a mile east of the road between Beck's Mill and West minister Road, three miles south of Beck's Mill and Warwoman Creek. The mine is about a quarter of a mile southwest of Licklog Creek near a small tributary stream. It is in Lot 67, District 4 of Rabun County. The mine was first worked by Porter McCracken who later leased it to a company in Lima, Ohio, operations. extending until 1906. This organization cut and trimmed mica for ship~ent on the lease; some of their abandoned equipment was sold as junk in 1941. It is said that they also sold the scrap. When visited October 14, 1942, an old open cut was found. Thi;> cut is about 15-20 feet deep but partly filled with debris, so that the pegmatite is not exposed. The cut is about 150 feet long and strikes about N. 15 W. and probably follows the pegmatite dike. GalpinS states that the pegmatite dips 80 to the east and is composed of rather coarse pinkish feldspar, quartz and muscovite. Large masses of gray to light pink potash feldspar and milky quartz occur at present on the slope below the mine. Galpin writes that the mica occurs in rather thin books which seldom exceed 4 inches in diameter. Mica dug from the old dumps is clear, flat and free of spots, splits well, and sheets as large as 2 by 4 inches occur. Some ruling is present, a few books of flat "A" mica which ~contain some spots are to be found. It is probable that the best mica came from this trench. An open cut and a pit were made in a pegmatite dike which strikes generally parallel with the one described above and which lies about 300 feet to the southwest. 158 GEORGIA GEoLOGICAL SuRVEY The open cut, about 50 feet long and 20 feet wide, was made near the small tributary branch. It does not cut entirely through the pegmatite which may be seen to plunge under the nearly horizontal beds of gneiss at the head of the trench. The pegmatite is at least 15-20 feet wide and consists largely of massive gray to light pink potash feldspar. Loose blocks of massive feldspar several feet in dimensions are numerous .as well as some fragments of graphic granite. Lenses of milky quartz are associated with other minerals of the pegmatite. Some prisms of black tourmaline occur in feldspar and quartz. "Burr-rock," several inches to a foot in thickness, tends to lie between the main pegmatite mass and country rock. Very little mica is found but numerous clear to light green books of "wedge-A" remain around the opening. A small pit, now about 10 feet deep and 20 feet in diameter, was made about 40 yards from the cut described above, and in the same pegmatite. The pit is partly filled but large fragments of coarselycrystallized gray to light pink feldspar, graphic granite and milky quartz lie in and around the sides of the pit. Large books of wedge or heartshaped green "A" mica, which are formed about small wedge-shaped lenses of quartz, are abundant. Black prisms of tourmaline occur in feldspar and in the books of mica. The head of an old, partly filled open cut is crossed by the Beck Mill-Westminister Road about one-fifth mile south of Licklog Creek and 2.8 miles south of Beck's Mill. This cut also was made upon the McCracken property. The trench runs N. 40 W. and follows the strike of the pegmatite. The pegmatite is exposed in the north bank of the road at the \lead of the trench where it js rather fine-grained and is about 3 feet wide- A narrow band of feldspar in the center of the dike is coarse-grained. The dike stands nearly vertical, cutting the axis of an anticline of biotite gneiss. This dike is exposed again along the strike in an old road about 250 feet north of this locality where it has not been prospected. The dump has not been re-worked for mica. The mica is clear, green, containing some spots; some ruling occurs, and some books do not split well. Books 3 by 3 inches in the rough are found in the dump; a small amount of "A" mica occurs. Fragments of light pink feldspar and milky quartz are scattered about around the trench. The mine on Lot 67 has been made accessible recently by a very good logging road. According to reports, considerable sheet mica was removed from the linear open cut, but a prospect shaft should be made MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 159 first in it to determine the present character of the vein. The pegmatite to the southwest should produce considerable feldspar and some scrap. The history of the open cut on the Beck Mill-Westminster Road is not known, although it was made probably around 1906. L. W. CURTIS PROPERTY The L. W. Curtis property, southwest of Clayton, is typical of many pegmatites in that area. The pegmatite occurs on Lot 179, several hundred feet above the first spring, on the east side of a spring branch about 400 yards from Betty's Creek road. Narrow pegmatite dikes containing some sheet mica were prospected in this locality by WPA workers of the State Mineral Survey in 1941. Pegmatite dikes, 6-8 feet thick in this locality contain some "A" mica but no sheet mica. HicK's MINE This mine is located about three miles northeast of Pine Mountain on Lot 80, District 3 of Rabun County. When visited by Galpin,3 1912-14, the mine had been long deserted. He stated: "A caved drift about 60 feet long follows a pegmatite which varies in width from one to six feet and strikes N. 50o E. with a 60o dip to the southeast. Roan gneiss is the country rock. The mica, slightly brownish in thick plates, is unusually elastic and tough, but the plates found are rather small and no large amount is to be seen in the exposed portions of the dike. Work in this mine was stopped by an unfortunate cave-in which killed the two operators." RABUN BALD MINE This mine is located ll miles by road, and is accessible from Clayton via the highway to Highlands and the dirt road to Rabun Bald south from Scaly, North Carolina. The mine lies on the east side of the Bald about half a mile south of the road's end. It is 250 yards N. 23o E. of the Tower on Rabun Bald and about 100 feet below the crest of the mountain. The mine lies in Lot 90, District 3 of Rabun County. Most of the work at this mine was done in 1928-29 by J. V. Arren- dale, who is reported to have removed about five tons of mica from the mine. No records as to the amount of the production of sheet mica could be obtained by the writers. In 1941, the WPA State Mineral Survey re-prospected this mine, but most of their work was confined to exposing the pegmatite. 160 GEoRGIA GEoLOGICAL SuRVEY The workings here consist of two open pits about 30 feet apart. The pits are 25 feet wide and 5 feet deep. These openings expose a very lenticular-shaped pegmatite with a maximum thickness of five feet. The dike strikes N. 25 E., dipping 30 SE., which is also about the slope of the ridge. Inclusions of biotite gneiss in the pegmatite are common. The dike and wall rock (biotite gneiss) are hard. The pegmatite is composed of coarsely cleavable microcline fe1dspar, milky quartz and mica. The mica is hard, splits 'well and is clear to greenish-rum in color. Most of it is flat, hut wavy books are not uncommon. Some of the mica contains black spots. The 'greatest defect of the mica from this mine is the abundance of cracks in it. HART AND ELBERT COUNTIES Mica-bearing pegmatites occur in Carolina gneiss between Elberton and Hartwell. The known mica producing district here includes about 250 square miles. Most of the mining centered ,around the old Chapman Mine in Elbert County. There are numerous prospects in various parts of the area worthy of investigation. Hart County R. 1. SHIFLETT PROSPECT Eighteen years ago a small prospect was opened about one mile northwest of Montevideo upon the property of R. L. Shiflett, Elberton, Route 3. The site of this prospect is about 650 feet northwest of Little Cedar Creek and two-thirds of a mile due north of the Shiflett home, which house is one mile west of Montevideo on the Flat Rock SchoolMontevideo Road. The prospect is about 20 feet south of the line between R. L. Shifllett and E. L. Adams. When visited October 1, 1942, the small prospect pit could not be found but a drainage ditch nearby exposed a quartz vein and pegmatite which strikes N. 15o W. The pegmatite is four feet or more in width. Sheet mica was observed on the east side of a quartz lens. About 40 pounds of clay-stained mica was exposed. This exposure consisted of a single book, the larger sheets from this book measured at least 14 by 14 inches, but at least half of the mica was of the "A" type. MACK CARTER PROSPECT Prospecting was done upon the property of Mack Carter, Elberton, Route 3, a short distance north of the Montevideo-Flat Rock School road. 1.75 miles west of Montevideo. MrcA-:{3EARING PEGMATITES 161 According to Mr. Carter, a hole was dug abQY.t 600 feet N. 20 E. from the Carter house; this work was done about .18 years ago. There are two parallel pegmatites about 150 feet apart northeast of the house. The easternmost one strikes N. 25 o E. and appears to extend from the vicinity of his house to the banks of Little Cedar Creek, a distance of about 900 feet. Its course is marked by rather persistent smoky quartz float associated with fragments of sheet mica. The small prospect made in this lead has been filled up. Mica taken from this pit was found in the field about 300 feet from the road and east of the .Carter house where sheets are abundant at the prese:o_t time in the soil. The mica is clear, flat and free of spots. Many fragments 2 by 3 inches in size occur here. When mica was mined here, this property was owned by John Craft. This prospect is probably that of the J. W. Craft farm mentioned by Galpin3 . According to the above-mentioned report, the prospectors are said to have sacked ready for shipment about 2 tons of thumb-trimmed mica. MINES BETWEEN AIRLINE AND MACEDONIA CHURCH . Most of the openings are close to and on the northeast side of the Airline-Vanna Road about 1.5 miles by road southwest of Airline. The pegmatite belt extends from the clay road about half a mile to the northeast, and across Lightwood Log Creek. The openings lie along the trend of the pegmatite zone which strikes approximately N. 50o E. through the properties of Truett Garner, Howard Banister (the old Moss place), and to the property on the northeast side of Lightwood Log Creek. Mining was done in this area in th~ fail of 1942 by W. G. Miltenberger in partnership with Phil Stovall of Sylva, North Carolina. At this time, a considerable amount of mica had been mined although the property was in the prospecting stage. Prospecting was confined to the Banister and Garner properties. At that time, five openings had been made along the strike of the pegmatite southwest of Lightwood Log Creek. Also, two other openings were made on the Garner property on the southeast side of the belt. The pegmatites are intruded into a coarse-grained granitized mica schist. These pegmatites (fig. 5) can be traced by mica and fragments of quartz. Black tourmaline is a common accessory mineral but is especially abundant towards the northeastern portion of the belt. A pit in the field of the Banister property exposed a pegmatite about 12 feet thick which dips 50 sE. A quartz lens, 3 feet thick, occurs in the pegmatite about 1 foot below the hanging wall. Narrow schist inclusions, dipping southeast, occur throughout the pegmatite. The largest and best mica is 162 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY found on the side of the quartz lens. Miltenberger stated that he removed about 5 tons of mica from around this quartz lens, which is exposed iii a pit 15 feet deep and 30 feet long. The pit is located on the slope of the hill about 350 feet southwest of the creek. '.i It is said that two other pits in a cultivated field on the Banister property produced about 6 tons of mica. Also, it is reported that' 2' ~o.;.s of mica were taken from other small pits on the Garner property ~here ihe mica books up to 4 by 6 inches can be picked up in the field alo:q,g. strike for a short distance to the northeast of the pits. . . Several pits, made in the vicinity of a quartz "blow-out" on the Banister property in the woods, on the hill southwest of the creek, expose sheets of mica. in a pegmatite which strikes N. 45o E. and dips 45o;SK It is about 3 feet wide and contains stringers of schist. The mica is considerably ruled. Most of the mining has been done from this locality northeastward to the creek. Just above creek level, Miltenberger drifted into the vein and downward to water level. At this place, the pegmatite dips about 25o SE., is about 5 feet wide, contains some schist bands, and quartz lenses that are 1 to 2 feet in thickness. Most of the best mica may have been gotten at this locality. The mica is light rum-~olored, and no "A" structures are observed; there are some marginal quartz .ip.clusions. Many of the books left behind are cracked. Mica books, 8 indi~s or more in diameter, were obtained here where mining ceased shoii:Iy after a workman was seriously injured by a cave-in. In the field s<>l!'th:_ west of this drift, there is a small pit which appears to be in a pegn::{ai:ite. to the west of this lead. Good, flat mica, some of which will trim 2 by 3 inches, had been left around the pit. More prospecting should be done here as well as at other localities' upon this property. The Colonial Mica Corporation reports that 3056 pounds of mica were sold to them from the Moss property in the fall of 1942 with a total value of $726.27. HARPER PIERMAN PROSPECT This prospect occurs 1.5 miles due south of Hartwell and one-half mile east of the Hartwell-Bio School road. It is in a cultivated field about 250 feet southwest of Cedar Creek, on the property of A. B. C. Harper and Howard Pierman of Hartwell. A small pit about 5 feet deep and 10 feet in diameter was dug: recently by 0. E. Thomas. The pit passes through a pegmatite which lies nearly horizontal and which is two or three feet thick. A foot or MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 163 more of granite grading into soil immediately overlies the pegmatite, which is underlayered by granitized Carolina gneiss. It is reported that about 200 pounds of sheet was obtained from this pit. 'The prospect has been leased recently by W. G. Miltenberger. The mica observed here is clear in color and generally flat; some sheets contain a few very small black spots and some "A" structure; some .of the sheets are curved. Some books contain small flat crystals of brown tourmaline. The prisms occur without orientation and their "c" axes lie parallel to mica cleavage. A few sheets of mica were observed to contain thin interlyered films of quartz. Fragments of mica 2 by 3 inches or larger were observed in the soil at unprospected points in the vicinity of the property, when it was examined October 1, 1942. MICA IN WESTERN HART CouNTY More prospecting should he done east of Bowersville and Canon in western Hart County. Good rum-colored mica is reported from the property of Enman Martin, Route 1, Canon, one mile west of Crossroads Church. A pit there, taken recently to water level, was abandoned for lack of a pump. The adjoining property to the north, owned by Joe Wood, contains a similar type of mica. A pit here 25 feet deep is now filled. At present, mica is mined about 1.5 miles east of Canon upon the property of Fred Ridgeway. The mine, known as the Horsehead Mine, is leased by Ralph Payne, and mining is done by the Payne brothers. The pegmatite was prospected first about two years ago, when it was exposed in a gully on a hillside. About $1000 worth of mica was sold in 1942-43 to North Carolina mica buyers. Most of the mica was taken from a shallow drift about 30 feet long on the east side of the gully. Recently, the boys, upon advice of Mr. Lynn W. Thomas of the Colonial Mica Corporation, made a pit now 10 feet deep on the west side of the gully where they have re-contacted the pegmatite on its strike. They now have in stock 20 pounds worked up of light, rum-colored mica, and about 100 pounds of block mica. The books are clay-stained, thus are split thin. The prospect has promise, thus mining should he continued. The pegmatite is about 4 feet thick, strikes about E-W, dips 45o S., and according to the rule rolls in direction of the dip. The dike is conformable generally to the enclosing mica schist, and contains numerous 164 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SuRVEY weathered schist "horses~" It consists mostly of mica and quart~ on the hanging wall side, with disconnected quartz lenses in the middle (fig. 6), ':Che mica is clear, free of spots and of good quality. Books, which will measure 10 inches or more along the cleavage, occur. The mica. is flat; there is some ruling, but cFacks are its principal defect. The boys have obtained some trimmed sheets as large as 5 by 5 inches from the pit. Elbert Co,unty CHAPMAN MINE The most extensive mica mining in Elbert County has taken place ort the J. E. Chapm~n estate (fig. 35) located lO miles by road north of Elberton, and a quarter of a mile due south of Rock Branch settlement. The mines lie between Rock Branch and the Elberton-Iva Highway, with all the workings on the northeast side of Coldwater Creek. The mines are accessible by clay road from Rock Branch settlement or by clay road leading off the Elberton-Iva Highway at the bridge over Coldwater Creek. The Chapman estate is now administered by Mr. M. E. Chapman of Anderson, South Carolina. The pegmatite corresponds to the type illustrated by figure 5. There have been numerous periods of mica mmmg in this locality and according to reports, the earlier workings wer11, made 40 or 'more years ago. Galpin3 states that operations are reported to have been. most extensive in 1907 and that considerable work was done in 1910. When visited by Galpin in 1913, the principal workings consisted of a long drift driven into the hillside above Coldwater Creek anda cross-cut driven towards the drift from a tributary of Coldwater Creek. C. M. Wacaster is said to have taken over these works and to have extended the drift toward the northeast about 1924. He is reported to have operated here for about' two years, and to have removed a con~ siderable amount of good sheet mica. During Wacaster's operation, all the work was in kaolinized material which made it necessary to heavily . timber the mine works. When visited by the writer, October 5, 1942, the old drift mentioned above was observed to follow the p~gmatite in a direction N. 20o E. from a point above the water level of Coldwater Creek into the hill on the north side of the creek. Several old, caved shafts occur along the line of the drift which probably intersected the drift. A shaft near the northeast end of the drift (3, fig. 35) strikes the floor of the drift at a poirit about 25 feet from the surface, thus the floor of the drift rises to th~ GEORGIA GEoLoGICAL SuRVEY BuLLETIN 48 FIGURES 35 11nd 36 NOTF:S: These mines are In difFerent pegmstites. C011ntry Road ALEXANDER MINE Scale 100 100 200 Feet FIG.35 RELATIVE LOCATION AND SIM~LIFIED ~LAN OF THE WORKINGS-.AT THE CHA~MAN AND ALEXANDER MINES, ELBERT COUNTY, GEORGIA~A~RIL i943 91:) II II \\ \\ \ \ 6lll 10 \:_-.:..:;, .... I I .....--.,. 1I f,_S,."'--filled 7~'--"_,R/'1iw 1 5 [;iii .?,',j,;_ff~.~.J,Ii 3 ~~:::: L=--=-~J Scale 25 0 25 50 Feet E a e--------3 NOT~"S: Much of' the data concerning the underground worlcings is indefi"nite. LEGEND: l;;il VERTICAL SHAFT Q INCLINED SHAFT FIG.36 ~LAN SHOWING EXTERIOR AND A~~ROXMIATE INTERIOR WORKINGS AT THE MERCK (OLD HO~E) MINE,. HALL COUNTY, GEORGIA, APRIL 1943 166 GEoRGIA GEOLOGICAL SuRVEY-: northeast. The drift averages about four feet in width. The main dike in this shaft is generally conformable to the schist which strikes N. 20 E., dipping 20o -45o SE. The dike is very irregular in shape, CO!)- taining many "horses" and stringers of schist. It cross-cuts the enclosin~ rock in many places. The mica from the_ .~haft is green and of the "N' type. Som~ of it is spotted. The pegmatite .is coarse-grained with smok!y quartz, mica, and coarse, cleavable feldspar.The feldspar should be hard and but slightly kaolinized at water level. Shaft No. 2 is filled and now 5 feet deep. This shaft seems to be in the eastern "vein." Pegmatite exposed in its sides contains mica of the "A" type, clear or rum-colored, the latter containing inclusions of biotite. Samples do not split well. Shaft No. l is partly filled but now about 40 feet deep with drifting east and west near the bottom. ' A better type of: mica came from the caved drift in the southwest part of the mine. Specimens q_f mica in the dump are clear, flat and lack spots. Most of the go~d mica comes from this part of the pegmatite; some is said to have trimmed up to 5 by 6 inches. The soft material over the drift has settled into the old workings. The mine could be re- a opened by converting the old drift into an open cut or by sinking shaft into hard rock below its level, Mr. Wacaster states that the pegmatite has been mined to water level along the drift. According to Galpin,3 the pegmatite dike followed by the drift averages about 7 feet in width arid strikes with the micaceous gneisses, dipping nearly vertically. Tl)-e pegmatite in the old drift was not accessible to the writers. ' Pegmatite occurs near the end of the cross-cut tunnel mentioned by Galpin driven N. 75o W. from the northwest side of the valley wall of "Cooda" Branch, a small tributary to. Coldwater Creek. Pegmatite was intersected at a point 50 feet from the entrance. The dike at this point is from 3 to 4 feet wide; it strikes N. 65o E. ani! dips 45o NW. Since the pegmatite at this place contains very little sheet mica and since the dip differs from that recorded by Galpin, it probably represents an offshooting dike east of the main lead. Other 9penings upon this eastern "lead" are represented in Figure 35. The pegmatite, as observed near the head of the cross-cutting tunnel, is medium-coarse in texture with rather small books of mica evenly distributed through the vein. The enclosing schist and gneisses in the immediate vicinity of the mine dip 4,5" -60" SE. and strike N. 35-50 E. Biotite in the country rocks near the pegmatite has been altered to vermiculite. MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 167 Several unprospected outcrops of pegmatite occur in the field 50-75 feet northwest of a shaft which was driven into the head of the above. described cross-cutting tunnel. This lead may be traced northeastward to the clay road by the presence of mica sheets up to llf2 to 2 inches in size, and fragments of white vein quartz. The mica-bearing pegmatite dikes of this section intrude included areas of mica schist which extend from the north into the granite, thus are separated by tongues of granite. Northwest of the Elberton-Iva Highway, which is on p:ranite, a body of schist extends southward into the granite area. This body of schist includes the pegmatite described above, and it also includes the pegm~;ttite on the Alexander property east of the old Chapman mines. A tongue of granite fingering northward into schist occurs between the old .Chapman mines and:a 30-foot shaft on the south side of the clay road.' Just west of this shaft, another extension of schist extends southwestward into granite and gr~nitized schist. Another pegmatite occurs in this schist z~rie'. This pegr:Datite extends from the Ward property southwestward into the Chapman where it terminates near Coldwater Creek at the granite contact.. The.rocks to the northwest of the zone that includes the pegmatite are well-exposed in the rapids of Coldwater Creek. This rock is a primary granite gneiss which has as similated and included a large amount of the orginal biotite gneiss; thus this rock may be regarded as a granite. The northwestern pegmatite lead on the Chapman property has been extensively prospected from the granite contact south of the clay road, northeastward east of the house of Pomp High Smith (colored) to "Cooda" Branch, a distance of slightly more than one-half mile. This pegmatite strikes N. 45 E. and is characterized by a strong quartz lead. The quartz is smoky or milky in color, but not coarsely crystalline. Southwest of the clay road, loose fragments of quartz contain small mica books and flat, smooth surfaces against which mica books were formed. Prospecting along the lead southwest of the road apparently did not produce very much mica. Northwest of the road the pegmatite appears to be at least 12 feet wide in places, and the workings are more extensive. The mica is clear and white, _but most of the mica remaining around the openings is wedge and "A" mica or of the "herringbone" type. Present indications suggest that a considerable amount of scrap was obtained from this locality. The square shaft 30 feet deep mentioned above beside the clay road occurs in the middle of the mining section, S. So E. of Pomp High Smith's 168 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SU,RYEY house. This shaft was sunk in the northwestern edge of the granite tongue at a point where a coarse medium-textured pegmatite inttu,d,es the coarse granite. Mica fragments are numerous on the dump but pray: tically all of them are smaller than punch. In general, where i~r~gu!?I~ bodies of mica pegmatite without definite foot wall or hangi!lg~ 1"\\':d~.in, trude granite, the mica is small. The small books are clear, free of spots, and of a very light rum color. : __ _ ALEXANDER MINE This mine occurs between the Elberton-Iva Road and the Chapman Mine. A series of pits are located between Coldwater Creek and the clay road which passes through the Chapman Mines. These openings are on the old Alexander place which is now owned by Mrs. Ethel Galaway of Tampa, Florida. The pegmatite ha:s been worked by a seties of six pits and a shaft at the southwest end. These openings extend from the clay road mentioned above to a point about 500 feet to the southeast. The pegmatite strikes about N. 20 W. and is associated with a moderately strong quartz lead. The pits were mad\'! at various times by Brown and Bailey, and Bailey is reported to have obtained some good mica. . . . . ..,, , ,. Fragments of mica 3 by 8~inches that would cut punch or better_~ere observed when the property was visited. The mica is clear in col~r. 'Very little mica above punch size was left at the. mine but no authentiC re: ports regarding shipments could be obtainelj. "A" mica with considerable ruling, and some mica with imperfect cleavage, are common features of specimens remaining on the dump. A noticeable amount of biotite flakes between the sizes of a dime and quarter occurs. Northeast of the above-mentioned clay roat:l, and between 650-800 feet N. 30 E. of the tenant house, severa.l pits were dug for mica. Horn blende gneiss is a common wall rock. The pegmatite consi~?ts of kaolinized feldspar and quartz fragments striking N. 10o E. The mica is white to light rum in color. Mica sheets which remain at the pits are small arid bady fractured. Some of the sheets are curved and do not split well. This prospect is not particularly promising. WARD PROSPECT The Ward prospect occurs in the northeast part of the county in the Rock Branch section. The prospect is on the farm of Mr. R. M. Ward, one mile southwest of Rock Branch High School, and three-fourths of a mile northwest of the intersection of Rock Branch with Coldwater Creek. MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 169 The prospect consists of two showings of mica. At each, a small amount of work has been done. These slightly prospected points are located southwest of the Ward horne; one in a :field about 1000 feet from the house and the other along the strike to the southwest in the edge of a pine grove. The history of the prospect in the pines is not well-known; however, the :first work was done prior to 1917. This work consisted of trenching along the pegmatite outcrop for about 100 feet. The trench appears to have averaged about four feet in depth. At this same early date several shallow pits were made; later, probably during 1917-18, a shallow shaft about 25 feet deep was sunk 18 feet northwest of the pegmatite outcrop. The vein was encountered near the base of the shaft. From the bottom a small amount of drifting was done along the vein. The report and dumps indicate that the drifts encounter-ed kaolin. -About 1940, some North Carolina miners cleaned out the shaft aiJ.d took out a small amount of mica. This prospect in the pines is on a pegmatite striking about N. 35o E. and dipping about 45 to the northwest. Exposures show the vein to be at least six feet wide. Quartz veins in the pegmatite wer~ Observed up to one foot in width. The feldspar is of the potash type with crystals up to eight inches in diameter. It is probably kaolinized. to a depth of 50 feet. Only mica in the dump was available for ~nspection.. This mica was found to be very slightly stained by a few long, narrow; rectangular black spots. However, clear areas of 2 by 3 inches were noted between these rectangles. The color is medium rum. Some ruled and flat "A" books also occur. The largest fragments observed on the small dumps are about 3 by 4 inches. In the dumps at the small circular shaft a,re some small, clear, flat sheets of mica. The mica prospect in the :field was opened by Mr. Ward in 1925. At that time, he mined and sold to the Asheville Mica Company $75.00 worth of sheet. Mr. Ward reports :finding flat ruin books up to 5 by. 6 inches. The mica observed in the dump is mainly sound, and of the flat rum type. A small amount of flat "A" mica occurs. The prospect in the :field consists of a cut about 30 feet long, which was 25 feet deep at the west end before caving. The pegmatite is reported by Ward to be about four feet wide; it dips 55 to the northwest. The largest mica was foun,d along the contacts on the hanging wall side. ROCK BRANCH CHURCH PROPERTY (COLORED) Rock Branch Church (colored) is located ab'Out half a mile north of the Ward horne. A mica-bearing pegmatite walls the church well at a depth of about 30 feet. 170 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY The pegmatite can be seen in the well where it dips to. the northwest; in the dump from-the well, there .are fragments of 2 by 1-in<;li,:f;l,~;t~, clean rum-colored sheets; also, a small amount. of "A" mica. Beyond the church property, and in aff:adjacent field to the h<;>rtH- is east, there is a showing of quartz and mica fragments. This "il(lin'e with the strike of the vein in the well. The property in :thi fieia'~:hould be prospected. r-: NEW BETHEL M. E. CHURCH PROSPECT This prospect is located on the north side of the Elberton-Iva Highway at a point two miles northeast of New Bethel M. E. Church in the Rock Branch section. The prospecting was done in 1942 by Mr. Frank Daniel. The work consists of a pit six feet deep. The contacts of the pegmatite are not exposed but it is at least 12 feet wide. Mica fragments up to 2 by 3 inches occm in the dump. Most of the mica seen is cracked and curved. The prospect is of litle value. [:, C. U. GAINES PROSPECT Mica occurs in cuitivated fields on the property of C. U. Gaim~s:, Elberton, Route 3, about 1500 to 2000 feet southwest of the iscliool at Montevideo. Sheets of mica are found in a field at a point 150 yards N. 45 E. of Mrs. Sally Partain's house and about 200 yards east oLthe Montevideo-Elberton Road. The mica is flat and splits well; some sheets contain black spots. Loose fragments are abundant in the soil .where sheets up t<>c 2 by 3 inches occl!r. No prospecting has been done at this point. On the west side of the above-mentioned road, Mr. Gaines states that some mica was mined by parties unknown about 25 years ago. He also reports that much mica was hauled away from a pit 20 feet deep. This operation was stopped by Mr. -Gaines who filled the hole. Small pieces of sheet mica occur in the soil at this spot which is about 75 yards northwest of Mrs. Sally Partain's house. Some of this mica cori~ tains a pattern spot. CooLEY MINE The Cooley Mine is orr the N. M. Cooley farm, 1.5 mile west of the Savannah River and on a clay road three-fourths of a mile northwest of the Elberton-Iva Highway, two miles east of the Rock Branch section. The mine was in production, September, 1942, operated by Mr. 0. E. Thomas. The chief miner is Luther Willis. The deposit was discovered and opened ti;J.is year. The development work to date consists MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 171 of two inclined, irregular, shallow shafts down the dip of the vein to a depth of about 20 feet; also drifting along the vein for about 45 feet. The waste and mica is pulled out of the shafts by rope and windlass. Three men work the mine. About eight thousand pounds of mica, both sheet and scrap, have been taken out of the mine. Most of the mica produced is block "A," usually wavy; the color is pale green to light rum. All cut pattern is wavy. Much of the mica is greatly shattered; many of the "A" books are 6 by 8 inches in size. The pegmatite is from 21j2 to 3 feet thick, strikes N. 30 E., dipping 53o NW. It contains "burr-rock." The feldspar is of the potash type partly kaolinized to present depth of mining; the wall rock is coarse-grained granite. Numerous fragments of beryl were found on the dumps and several crystals six inches in diameter were observed. It is doubtful if this mine can be worked at a profit for sheet mica. CRAFT PROSPECT A small amount of prospecting has been done on the farm of ]. H. Craft in the extreme nortj:least corner of Elbert County. The Craft farm borders the Savannah River, and is 3.5 miles due east of Montevideo. A few years ago, two small pits were dug on mica pegmatites at a point about halfway between the Craft house and the river. These pits are near and on the northeast side of the farm road. The pits are on separate pegmatites which are about 800 feet apart, but sufficient work had not been done to determine the strike of the pegmatites. The pit nearest the river has exposed enough good mica to justify additional work. This pit is visible from the farm road. DEWY RosE PROSPECT A small prospect was opened recently by]. H. Tate of Dewy Rose in a field about 500 feet N. 15o E. from his dwelling. A small amount of sheet mica was obtained in an opening from which he removed about one cubit yard of soil. Some of the sheets trimmed to 2 by 3 inches; much of the mica is ruled. The pegmatite is probably narrow; it strikes about N. 30 E. associated with a quartz lead. OTHER N.IT.NES ANp PROSPECTS Strategic mica has been mined near Gainesville in Hall County, in Henry County, and from several other localities. A considerable amount of mica of the "electric" grade has been taken collectively from Pauld- 172 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEX ing, Troup, Jasper, Morgan, Cobb, south~rn Cherokee County, and the northern part of Fulton County. Later prospecting may discover ~good mica in other counties. Carroll County B. W. TREADWAY PROSPECT This prospect is located one mile northwest of Temple between the country road to Draketown and the Atlanta and Greenville Line of the Southern Railroad. This property was formerly owned by J. A. Potate of Temple, but it is now owned by B. W. Treadway of Temple. History of the work at this prospect is obscure; however, Mr. Treadway states that someone mined mica at this locality in 1917-18. The old workings are badly caved and filled. Apparently, they originally consisted of a shaft and an open cut about 50 feet apart both made in the same pegmatite. The shaft was in a field and has since been filled. Exposure of the pegmatite is poor, but it appears to be 4-6 feet wide and very lenticular in shape. The pegmatite appears to be conformable to the enclosing garnetiferous mica schist country rock,: which strikes N. 43 E. and dips 72 SE. The pegmatite is composed of kaolinized feldspar, small lenticular bodies of quartz, and mica. The mica is green in color, curved, cracked, very badly spotted, splits poorly; and contains "A" siruciure. Ruling is very pronounced in all of the mica. Some small sheets of electric grade could be obtained here, but the amount of waste and scrap would be large. It is very doubtful that with even the present high prices of mica, any profit could be made in mining mica at this locality. Paralleling and northwest of the above-described pegmatite, there are numerous small, lenticular pegmatite dikes exposed in the road cuts. All of these small dikes contain small books of mica, but the books are not large enough to produce sheet. It is very doubtful if good sheet mica can be produced from this area. Cobb County MABRY PROSPECT Mica is found on this place in Lots 176, 177 and 184, 2d District of Cobb County. These openings .are at and near Wesley Chapel on or near the Upper Roswell Road. Prospects are on the farm of V. N. Mabry. Route 2, Marietta. MICA-BEARING PEGMATI'TES 173 A small trench was dug on Lot 184 about half a mile S. so W. of the home site in 1942. About 400 pounds of sheet were removed by the operator although the owner received no payment. Later, 640 pounds .of scrap and- sheet were removed by others. Sheet which squared 5 by 6 inches was removed. The pegmatite is 4-5 feet wide where it cross-cuts the mica schist almost vertically. Some "burr-rock" may be found on the dump. The country rock dips 47 SE. and strikes N. 10 E. The pegmatite, where exposed, is conformable to it. The mica is clear but small spots generally occur. No "A" mica was observed but "ribbon" is common. Some of the mica is clear and of strategic quality. The pegmatite should be further prospected. Nearby, on the southeast corner of Lot 176, a pit 20 feet in diameter and 8 feet deep was dug in 1942 with a power shovel. This pit is a fifth of a mile S. 60 W. of the house. The pegmatite at this place is graphic granite, and only a small amount of scrap mica was obtained. On Lot 177, there is a small pit dug in 1942 by the Reverend Chastain. This pit is about one-quarter mile due east of the house. Only "A" mica was obtained from this pit. In the fall of 1942, a pit was made with a power shovel beside the Upper Roswell Road on the northeast corner of Lot 176, 300 feet S. 34 W. of Wesley Chapel. The pegmatite is not exposed. About a ton of "A" mica and some books of flat-spotted mica were obtained here. The spotted or black mica is hard and rum colored but it constitutes a small part of the total amount obtained. LUTHER CHALKER PROPERTY This property is half a mile (airline) S. 60o W. of Shiloh Church and is owned by Luther Chalker of Kennesaw. Some mining is said to have been done here about 70 years ago at a point in an open field about one-fifth of a mile west of the tenant house. An old pit at this lo_cality said to be 100 feet deep is now largely filled. No pegmatite or country roek is exposed. An old drift, now unexposed, extended in a northward direction from the pit. Kaolin, mica, and light smoky quartz compose the dwnp. There is some greenish-colored "A" mica, and the quartz fragments show the impression of mica b9oks. Most of the mica is light rumcolored; fragments in the dump are smaller than punch. The books are hard, flat, and split well, but are spotted. No records regarding production are available to the writers. It is reported that there is another shaft at a point about a fifth of a mile N. 60o E. of this place. 174 GEOI~GIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dawson County w. G. ELKINS PROPERTY This property is located at the junction of the Dawson, Pickens, and Cherokee County lines. It is 13 miles by road southeast of Tate.' Thb property is now owned by A. J. Elkins who lives on the farm, Lof-818; 4th District, lst Section of Dawson County. A small hole was dug -i1i'ia field by G. W. Elkins some years ago at a point about one-tenth' mile S. 25 o E. of the dwelling. The hole is now filled; small pieces of' ':ffiica may be found in the soil. '' Books of mica may be, found in the field in the same land lot as above about one-quarter mileS. 25o E. ofthe dwelling on top of a high, flat hill. The pegmatite is not exposed, but is probably the same one mentioned above. The mica at this locality is. of the "A" variety and all specimens observed were very much weathered; however, clear, flat sheet as large as 2 by 3 inches may be trimmed from the centers of the "A" books. Fragments of the pegmatite consists of coarse feldspJ:~.r, quartz, black tourmaline, and mica books. This spot should be prospected~r A small hole was made about five years ago on Lot 816, about a third of a mile N. 40o W. of the above-described locality. Some good mica is reported to have been taken from the hole which is now considerably filled. The pegmatite is not exposed but it is said to strike about N. 80o W. No "A" mica was noted at this locality and the only mica noted around the pit at the present time is some small books of broken and twisted mica. The country rock is a fine-grained, gray biotite gneiss and schist which strikes N~ 85 E. and .dips 80o SE. Numerous narrow pegmatite dikes occur in Lot 816, but only small pieces of mica are observed generally in the soil. DeKalb County G. E. VAUGHN PROPERTY This property, formerly known as the old Bud Johnson place, is now owned by G. E. Vaughn, Lithonia, Route 2. It lies a mile northwest of the Covington Highway on Philips Road and is one mile (airline) N. 60 W. of Lithonia High School. The pegmatite has not been prospected and is poorly exposed in cultivated fields. It appears to strike generally N-S. It is 10 feet or more wide and may be traced by mica fragments, and by fragments of very coarsely MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 175 granular smoky quartz. The mica is green, but no "A" structures were observed. It is badly cracked and many pieces exhibit minute, almost microscopic black spots. Some sheets as large as 3 by 4 inches occur, but the largest mica cut from them is punch size with some 1% by 2-inch size. Mica books are largest and most ab:undant at a point about 300 feet S. 30o E. of the house. Prospects for sheet mica here are not particularly good. Fragments of potash feldspar, cleavable massive feldspar, quartz, and small books of mica are abundant in the soil just southwest of Philips Road and dwelling. The mica is similar to that described above but contains small garnets. The locality is unprospected but undoubtedly good, commercial feldspar could be obtained here. Fayette County PORTER PROPERTY This property, owned by the Rev. B, D. Porter, lies about 8 miles southwest of Fayetteville and 2 miles northeast of Storr\ Mill on the Fayetteville-Senoia Road. It is on Land Lot 190, District 6 of Fayette County. This pegmatite was prospected by Mr. Porter several years ago. Black tourmaline is common especially associated with quartz lenses. The mica is of the "A" type and is generally spotted. A large piece of columbite found by Mr. Porter on this property is on display in the State Capitol at Atlanta. Forsyth County HARRISON PROPERTY A small pit has been dug in a narrow pegmatite in the search for mica on the property of Mr. Harrison. This property is located in the northwestern part of Forsyth County 4 miles west of Coal Mountain, one mile west of Hurt and Moore's store, and a quarter of a mile southwest of Zion Hill church. It is on Lot 381, 3d District, 1st Section of Forsyth County. The pegmatite, about 3 feet thick, has been exposed by a small pit about 4 feet deep. The dike is medium-grained rock enclosed in garnetiferous mica schist. It strikes N. 30o E., dipping 60o SE. Milky quartz is present in the dike in the form of small lenses. The feldspar is com pletely kaolinized. Mica occurs rather evenly distributed throughout the entire pegmatite associated with the small quartz lenses. The mica is flat, rum-colored, hard, and splits well. The books are small, usually measuring less than 3.5 inches across the cleavage. Some of the books of mica contain very small black spots a well as traces of "A" structure. 176 H. D. HANSARD PROSPECT In 1925, a mica prospect was opened on the farm of H. D. Bansard: This prospect is located northeast of Mr. Hansard's home, half a'ri:iile south of Roanoke church and 10 miles by road northwest of Buford. it is on Lot 62 or 63, District 14, Section 1 of F~rsyth County. - :.i . The workings on this property consist ofa partly filled pit :10 :f,e~t deep originally and a caved drift to the northeast 30 feet long whi~ii. intersects the pit. The pegmatite is not exposed, but it is reportecfto stfike about N. 50o E., dipping to the southeast. Mica schist striking N. 57o E: and dipping to the southeast encloses the pegmatite. From fragments of pegmatite seen on the dump around the mine, apparently the dike is very coarse-grained containing a strong lead of milky quartz up to 18 inches. thick, kaolinized feldspar, and mica. The mica appears to occur in the quartz as well as against it, as evidenced by the impressions of mica books in and against the quartz seen in the dump. All of the mica found around the prospect is rum-colored ~nd hard. It is slightly curved and cracked, also containing small specks of mag netite. The largest mica books found would trim punch and 1:1j2- by 2-inch sheet sizes. Much of the mica is scrap. 0. P. BENNETT PROSPECT P. Recently, some prospecting has been done on the property of 0. Bennett which is located one mile south of the Cumming-Canton Highway, five miles by road west of Cumming. The pegmatite exposed by a pit about four feet deep is 4-5 feet thick striking N. 20o E. and dipping 28 NW. with the biotite gneiss country rock. The dike is composed of small lenticular masses of milky quartz, hard kaolinized feldspar, and mica. The mica books are very small, hard, clear and colorless. All of the mica is of the flat "A" type with sheets large enough to trim only punch mica. OscAR McBRAYER PROSPECT Recent prospects for mica have been made on the Oscar McBrayer farm. This prospect is located in the northwestern part of Forsyth 'County north of Settingdown Creek. It is three mjles west of Hurt and Moore's store, six miles west of Coal Mountain, and two miles west of Zion Hill Church. The prospect is on Lot 378, 3d District, 1st Section of Forsyth County. In the spring. of 1942, Frank B. English of North Carolina dug an incline into a pegmatite one-quarte1; mile west of Mr. McBrayer's home. Mr. English is reported to have worked here for two weeks and sold his MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 177 lease to Ira Gowans, also of North Carolina. Mr. Gowans. is said to have worked about three weeks at the prospect and then abandoned it. No work has been done at the prospect since that time. The pegmatite exposed in the incline is coarse-grained, and about three feet thick. It is enclosed in biotite gneiss with which it is apparently conformable. The dike strikes N. 34o E., dipping 30o SE. The pegmatite is coarse-.grained, composed of stringers and lenses of milky quartz, kaolinized feldspar, and mica. Mica books occur throughout the pegmatite, but are concentrated in and against quartz lenses and stringers. Two types of mica are present in the pegmatite, green "wedge-A" and colorless flat mica. The green "wedge-A" type of mica occurs in quartz lenses and stringers. The books are generally small and contain no sheet at all. Inclusions of magnetite and garnet are common in the "wedge-A" mica. The other variety of mica is colorless, flat, and splits well. This type of mica occurs in the kaolinized feldspar and against the quartz. It is badly cracked and is soft. Mr. McBrayer reported that Mr. English removed one block of mica which weighed 150 pounds, but dimensions on the book were not given to the writers. No doubt, some good sheet mica could be obtained frori:1 this prospect; however, a high percentage of the mica taken from this pegmatite will be scrap mica. Franklin County PROSPECTS NEAR LAVONIA Several narrow lensy mica pegmatites cross the Lavonia-Royston Highway between Lavonia and Bowersville. These dikes have not been prospected. The mica is dark green in color, and mainly of the "A" variety. The outcrops exposed along the highway are unpromising. At Fair View Church on the Lavonia-Carnesville Highway four and one-half miles southwest of Lavonia, prospecting has been done by 0. E. Thomas of Tennessee on the property of G. S. Weldon. Three shallow pits were dug recently on the northwest side of the highway near the church. The pits were made in two parallel pegmatite veins. The northeastern vein is exposed on both sides of the highway where it strikes N. '60o E. and dips 65o to the southeast. The other pegmatite is not exposed in the road but appears to have a similar strike where it occurs 50-60 feet northwest of the former. The pegmatites are associated with a moderately persistent quartz lead. The mica is geen in color. Fragments left on the dump are mostly of the "A" type; the sheets are smaller than punch. 178 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL Su~vEY Fulton County In old Milton County, the northern end of Fulton County, narrow pegmatites are numerous locally. Many of these small dikes contain: suf- ficient mica to attract the eye of the untrained prospector, and many of our beginners in mica mining from the vicinity of Atlanta have cut their teeth upon this district; thus .far mica mining has not been succ~ssf~i in this particular section. 'u' J. L. DANIELS PROSPECT Recent prospects for mica have been opened on the farm of J. L. Daniels, Lot 38, Roswell District, Fulton County. The property is one mile south of Mountain Park, seven miles east of Woodstock, ll miles northeast of Marietta, and a quarter of a, mile east of the Mountain ParkMarietta Road. The Cobb County line passes through the farm. Numerous narrow pegmatites occur in this area. Two pits were dug in Cobb County, 300 yards south of the Daniels' home, in 1943 by Bob Lee and Max Cline. These pits expose narrow stringer-like pegmatites which are lensy and iqegular in shape. The mica is of the "A" type, spotted and, although rum-colored, of poor quality. At least seven--pits were d)lg in the summer of 194.2, about a quarter of a mile east of:tl;:e dwelling and over a distance of about 300 yards, by H. H. Arnold_ ~rid A. G. Haynes. These small pits are from five to eighteen feet d_eep- a!ld were dug in pegmatites which range in thickness up to two feet. The medium-grained pegmatites are enclosed in weathered biotite gneiss. The gneiss strikes N. 35o E., dipping 50o SE. and the pegmatites are generally conformable to it. The dikes are composed of small lenses of smoky quartz, kaolinized feldspar, and mica. The mica is rum-colored but badl'Y spotted, generally of the "A" variety, cracked, and curved. Also, there are inclusions of weathered garnets. The easternmost pit at this locality i~ about 10 feet deep, 10 feet wide and 15 feet long. The pegmatite here appears to be at least 3 feet thick, striking N. 15o E. and dipping 45o SE. There is considerable "burr-rock" on the hanging wall side. The best mica in this vicinity came from this pit, where good electric mica, that will trim 1lj2 by 2 and 2 by 2 inches IJ,.lld some larger, were obtained. The mica is badly spotted but there is very little "A" mica here. Hall County THE OLD HOPE OR MERCK MINE This mine is about 1.5 miles northwest of Gainesville by way of Grape Street. According to reports, mica was first mined here by a M_r. Reese about 1390 who operated the mine for several years. Reese is ~e- MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 179 ported to have obtained a considerable amount of good mica here. The mine was later leased to a Mr..Jones, who is said to have taken good mica from the mine in 1912. Later, the mine was sold to George M. Hope, who then sold it to Edwin ]. Wessels of Gainesville. Since then, several tunnels and shafts have been made upon the property. Sydney Smith and George Gowder, of Gainesville, worked the mine in 1938. The property is now owned by Mrs. Ruth Starbuck, and is leased by J. S. Rhine. A plan of the workings of this mine, modified some after Galpin3 is given by Sterrett17 The plan given in this report was made upon the property recently, and certain data of the underground workings have been added from information supplied by Mr. Rhine. Pits, shafts, drifts, and cross-cuts have been made here over a period of years by a considera'ble number of operators, but there are no accurate records of those un derground workings which are not accessible. An inspection of the property indicates that a good deal of useless work has been done, due to the complicated character of the pegmatite and to the fact that it is seldom exposed. Much of the work centered around shaft No. 2, known as "The Chim ney." According to reports, Reese was operating in a large room just before the time of his departure in which much good mica was exposed. This spot is supposed to be somewhere in the vicinity of "The Chimney" or a little to the west of that location. Most of the work done since the departure of Reese, has been done in search of this "room," each operator directing his work according to his particular view regarding its location. The country rock is a coarse mica schist which dips and strikes in various directions in the vicinity of the mine. Several pegmatite veins have been encountered by the miners, three of which are mentioned by Galpin3. The dikes are generally conformable with the enclosing schist, but in many places cut across its foliation. Where they may be observed, they are lensy and vary greatly in thickness within short distances. They occur from a few inches to 16 feet thick. The following is a brief description of the works as they appear today: (l), A shaft now 62 feet deep with a 12-foot tunnel at the bottom striking N. 60 W. Pegmatite is exposed at and near the head of this tunnel. The dike is at least 10 feet thick but it is difficult to determine its strike and dip. It appears to follow generally the strike of the schist which is N. 60o W., dipping 45o SW. The dike consists of coarse feldspar, smoky quartz lenses several feet thick, and mica. Mica appears to be concentrate'd near the quartz. The mica now exposed is of the "A" type and 180 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY light rum in coior. The books are warped and very little sheet could be obtained from them; (2), "The Chimney." This shaft is 65 feet deep.:No pegmatite is exposed at the bottom of the shaft; (3), "North Caroliri~" shaft, an old one which North Carolina miners are said to--have deeperied and from which they removed mica; (4), A shaft 91 feet deep made:in 1942 by W. P. A. workers. This shaft does not encounter pegmatite; (5}, An old shaft 45 feet deep or more with no evidence of drifting ar the bottom; (6), A 30-foot pit in soil; (7), Two old entrances mad~ by Reese. The dumps below these entrances contain mica of very good size and quality; (8), The mouth of the old "SpiraL" This work done prior to 1918 winds around, as indicated on the sketch, and practically returns to the position of the entrance; (9), Tunnel. This tunnel win<:is around, as indicated upon the sketch, and intersects "The Chimney." In the tunnel, the schist is well-exposed where it strikes about N. 25o E., dipping ~Oo NW. Narrow pegmatite bands, several inches thick, occur parallel with the schistosity. The tunnel crosses an old drift supposed to have been made by Reese; (10), An open cut in schist 40 feet deep at the head, 125 .feet long and originally about 12 feet wide. A small tunnel extends from the head of this open cut in the direction of the "North Carolina" shaft, but turns eastward where it is said to connect with the "Spiral ;" (11), An old inclined tunnel, 30 to 40 feet long; (12), A 30-foot incline ~liich contains a 20-foot shaft about 20 feet from its mouth; (13), The en" trance to an old tunnel reported to extend for 200 feet to the north and to connect with No. 12; (14), A new shaft about 20 feet deep made near the branch. Several narrow. pegmatite lenses are exposed in the ~chist above this shaft. The schist at this place strikes N. 35o -60 E., dip. ping approximately 45o SE. Mr. Rhine has obtained some mica from this location. 'The mica is light rum-colored and does not contain spots. Some of the books are wavy and do not split well. The books may be large; one book on exhibit will measure 12 by 14 inches across the cleavage and will weigh about 200 pounds. Henry County MADDOX MINE This mine is located on the old Madison Maddox property, six miles north of McDonough and 5 miles S. 25o E. of Stockbridge, just north of the Stockbridge-Millers Mill Road. It is one mile west of Millers Mill. The mine is 100 yard~:; north of the old Maddox home. Early history of mica mining on this property is obscure, but it is known that the mine was first opened about 30 years ago. Considerable MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 181 mica was removed during the early stage of mining. According to Galpin3: "A remarkable sheet from one block is on exhibition in the Capitol Museum at Atlanta. It is of irregular outline and measures 17 by 27 inches. The properties of cleavage, elasticity and clarity of this specimen are exceptionably good." A small amount of work was done at this mine in early 1942, but at the time of the writer's visit, December 15, 1942, no mining was being done. The opening at this mine is in the form of an open cut 60 feet long, 4-7 feet wide, and 30 feet deep at the middle. Wash from recent rains has filled the bottom of the open cut to an undetermined depth. The main pegmatite is not exposed but small stringers of pegmatite material up to one foot thick are exposed in both ends of the cut. Only small mica books occur in these stringers. About 100 feet southwest of the above-described cut, the pegmatite is exposed in a cut made by a terrace. About onequarter mile to the northeast of the open cut and apparently on the same pegmatite, a small pit has been dug in a pegmatite. The pegmatite appears to be conformable to the enclosing biotite gneiss. It strikes N. 63o E., dipping SOo SE. Galpin states that "the exposed portions of the dike is from 2 to 3 feet wide and contains partly decomposed feldspar, quartz, and scattered books of mica. The dike cuts slightly across the sheeting or foliation of the decomposed biotite gneiss (Carolina) which forms its walls. The quartz is mainly of a massive type and it occurs more or less in stringers and irregular "horses," one of which weighs more than a ton. The quartz is often dr;sy. Mica books a.re apparently distributed along irregular planes representing lines of early fra~ture in the dike, but little of, this mineral is at present in sight in the small portion of the dike exposed." Small black crystals of tourmaline occur in the quartz. Numerous fragments of rose quartz occur in the dump. The only mica seen here was that found around the mine which is flat, clear, light rum-colored, somewhat ruled and cracke.d, and some of it is of the "A" variety. It splits well and is hard. Some of the discarded mica in the dump would trim 2 by 2 inches. Sizes much larger than this were undoubtedly removed from the mine when it was in operation. From the past history of the work at this time and the character of the pegmatite, apparently much good mica was obtained here, although mining operations were not extensive. This mine represents one of the few properties outside of the known mica belts or areas from which good mica has been produced. 182 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Jasper County th.H Mica pegmatites are rather common in Jasper County where frequently intrude hornlende gneiss and basic rocks. In such casei,:'ll_ considerable amount of vermiculite is produced locally. Some peg~a~ tites contain numerous sheets of vermiculite scattered through<_>.llt 'tlie masses. In other cases, vermiculite is produced at the contacts b!=!tweeii pegmatite and basic country rock. ' NEWTON PROSPECT This property, owned by Mrs. J. L. Newton, is about 1.5 miles north- east of Kelly. The pegmatite is kaolinized and occurs in mica schist. The mica is light rum-colored and is abundant in the pegmatites. No "A" mica occurs but the books are badly bent and cracked, so that very little sheet can be obtained here. The property has possibilities 8r production of washer punch. A pit about 15 feet deep was made about a year ago by the Morgan County Mica Company. MRs. ATHEN PROSPECT This property is three-quarters of a mile southwest of Gladesville near the road to Monticello. It is now owned by the Federal Government. Some prospecting has been done southwest of the tenant house. The mi~a occurs around the borders of a .large quartz lens where prospects h11\'e been made. The pegmatite is medium coarse, containing feldspar and smoky quartz. The mica is greenish to clear in color, spotted, and th~ books are usually bent and warped. The dike O'ffers better prospects for feldspar than for mica. Vermiculite is produced at the contacts betwee~ the pegmatite and the basic country rock. J. H. BARRON PROPERTY This property is three miles east of the Monticello-Macon Highway from a point 0.5 mile north of Hillsboro. It was recently prospected by L. D. Gray of Sunnyside, and there are also some old pits made 20 years ago. A prominent quartz lens 15 to 2D feet wide strikes east and west. Mica occurs in pegmatite at the borders of the lens where several prospect pits were made. The mica is of the "A" type, and the possibilities for production of sheet mica are not specially promising. Meriwether County AB. SNELSON PROSPECT This prospect is located 5 miles by road due west of Woodbury. It is accessible via the dirt road from Woodbury to Harris and is three.quarters of a mile due west of Cane Creek Church. C. M. Wacaster mined MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 183 a little mica on the property in 1942 about, one-quarter mile west of the qld Snelson home. Mr_ Wacaster made two openings. The larger portion of the works consists of an inclined open cut made upon the pegmatite. This cut is about 15 feet deep, 40 feet long, and 8 feet wide. The pegmatite is exposed in the entire length of the cut. A p.ew shaft of undetermined depth was put down by Wacaster about 25 feet west of the northwestern end of the open cut. Pegmatite material is exposed in the dump from the shaft. . The dike, as exposed in the open cut, strikes N. 20o W., -dipping 60 SW. It is from two to three feet thick and is composed of sex;ni-kaolinized feldspar, milky quartz, and mica. Some massive black tourmaline is present in the pegmatite associated with the quartz. No large quartz lenses occur. The dike is conformable to the enclosing biotite gneiss. Most of the mica is rum-colored and hard, buf some of it is badly cracked. All of the mica is spotted an-d generally is of the "A" variety. Very little good sheet mica could be obtained here. RuFus MARTIN PROSPECT Rufus Martin (colored), Route 1, Box 179, Hogansville, did a small amount of prospecting recently upon his property abo11t 12 miles southeast of Hogansville and 6 miles (by road) N. 40o W. of Greenville. Two small pits were dug about one-quarter mile N. 65o E. of his home. The pegmatite was concealed at the time of the visit but it is about three feet wide and seems to strike about N. lOo E. It consists of green muscovite, small smoky quartz nodules, and kaolinized feldspar. The mica is similar to that upon the Crosby property at LaGrange, except that the books are somewhat flatter, less cracked, and garnets seem to be less abundant. Morgan County Prospecting was done in several localities in .this county in 1942 by the Morgan County Mica Company and some mica was sheeted by them at Madison. ALLISTON PROPERTY Some prospecting was done 1.5 miles northeast of Madison, a short distance off the Madison-Athens Highway near the old Appalachian Road. A shaft was made from 15 to 20 feet deep in partlykaolinized pegmatite of irregular shape which strikes about N. 70 E. The pegmatite contains a great deal of mica which is especially concentrated near quartz lenses. The larger books are from 12 to 14 inches, measured along the cleavage surfaces, but are all of the "A" type, thus very little sheet mica could be obtained here. 184 Paulding County c. w. DR. DEAN MINE This old mine is found along the crest of a low ridge about three eighths mile southwest of Hiram on the old Dr: >C W. Dean property,,::iiow owned by H. G. House of Hiram. The pegmatit~(j.s exposed in the'~~tfb Copper Mine Creek, or Little Sweetwater Creek, at the site of thi :~ld Dean Mill, where it is at least 40 feet wide. It was described by'G'alpiris (pp. 135-136) who also gives an analysis of the feldspar. The 'eat!f'Jli:s- tory of the mine is obscure. Work was done here previous to Galpin's visit and Dr. George Ragsdale worked the property rather extensively in 1919-20, at which time he is said to have employed at least 14 men. The country rock is chloritized hornblende gneiss which contains some ledges or intrusions of a basic serpentinized and chloritized olivine meta-pyroxenite. The main open cut is about 100 feet long, 20-50 feet wide and elongated in the direction N. 25 E. It is reported to have been 40 feet deep originally and a pump was used to clear it of water. The west wall caved in several years ago so that it is now about 25 feet deep and the pegmatite is exposed only in the walls of the excavation. Other small open pits and shafts occur for several hundred feet. northeast, of the main opening. l, i::;" ;peg- The pegmatite appears to be at least 50 feet wide consistirik matite granite and coarse, cleavable, pink feldspar, all considerably sta~n ed and kaolinized. It contains quartz nodules and large lenses of milky quartz. The pegmatite appears to strike in the direction of the main cut, but a short distance southwest of the head of the cut, it terminates in a large "blow out" of quartz which is 75-100 feet wide. Several carloads of mica are said to have been shipped from the mine, although the amount of sheet obtained is not known. Some of the books are reported to have been sheeted at the mine. Books as large as 2 by 3 inches may be found in the pegmatite at the present time, but the mica is spotted with magnetite; some books are nearly black. The mica in the quartz is green but books in the pegmatite are hard and light rum-colored. Much of the mica is of "A" variety. Mica of the "electric" grade could be obtained here. S. R. CoLE MINE This mine is located on the property of R. S. Cole 3.5 miles south- east of Roses' Store (old Embry), near the headwaters of Turkey Creek, and 2.5 miles north of the Carroll-Paulding County line. It is about one and a quarter miles southwest of the 19th Courthouse on Lot 180, lst District, 3d Section of Paulding County. MICA-BEARING PEGMATITES 185 Mining was done here about the time of the first World War by Mr. Lambert and Frank Leathers of Atlanta. Some mica was trucked from this mine to Camp Gordon where it was cut. Also, some mica was sheeted and some washers were punched from it on the property by Mr. G.eorge Cole. The mine consists of an inclined open pit about 50 feet in diameter and now is about 25 feet deep at the head, the southeast side, where there is a short, partly-filled inclined drift at the bottom. The country rock is massive biotite-granite gneiss. Its poorly developed foliation strikes N. 50o W., dipping 50o SW. Owners state they were not paid for their mica. The pegmatite is lensy, but about 5 feet thick in the opening. It contains schist inclusions; on the southeast side of the pit the pegmatite is divided and is separated by two feet of country rock. The pegmatite is medium-grained in texture and the largest mica books seen in the present exposure would measure about 2 by 2 inches. The dike strikes about N-S, dipping 50o E. The mica is generally light rum in color, and usually contains small black spots lightly distributed throughout the sheet. Some sheets of "A" mica can be found around the mine. The. books are generally curved and cracks occur. It is reliably reported that some flat sheets up to lO by 12 inches was obtained. Mr. Cole states that a book which weighed at least 125 pounds was found. . B. F. CHORAN PROPERTY This property is located about three miles southeast of New Georgia Consolidated School on the old A. E. McBerier estate, which is now owned by B. F. Choran, Route 3, Douglasville. Three small pits were found on the property which had been dug recently. The mica occurs at this locality associated with quartz. Little or no feldspar is present. The mica, of punch size and up to 2- by 2-inch sheet size, is extremely green in color, clear, and is of the "A" type. PEGMATITE EAST OF NEW GEORGIA CHURCH Some granite pegmatites occur in this area which have no commercial sheet mica, but which contains an appreciable amount of small scrap mica. A pegmatite of this type crosses the new soil road 5.2 miles east of New Georgia Church on the Villa Rica-Dallas Highway. The pegmatite strikes about N. 37" E. where its zone of outcrop along the highway is 60-70 feet in width. The pink feldspar is partly kaolinized and contains much scrap mica generally in small books. 186 GEORGIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY G.' .H. MILLER PROPERTY This property is located about onequarter mile southwest of the 19th Courthouse, about 3 miles southeast of Embry (Roses' Store) iiri Lot 1168, 19th District, 3d Section of Paulding County. The property is owned by C. H. Miller, Temple, Route 2.. A pegmatite dike, which strike~ N. 35 W, cuts biotite gneiss striking N. 5o W. The pegmatite is ni:itl\vell exposed and no prospecting has been done upon the property. Quatt'z' float and mica books may be picked up along the strike for a distanceiofat least one-third mile. The mica is clear, free of spots, and splits weli; 1Jtii: is of the "A" type. Books as large as 5 by 6 inches occur in ~he soil, some of which will produce punch and some 11fz- by 2-inch sheet. J. F. PooLE PROPERTY This property is located about 3 miles northwest of Dallas riear the Southern Railroad on the farm of J. F. Poole. This property is known locally as the old Gurley Place. A few openings have been made south of the road and about 100 yards southeast of the dwelling. Specimens