GA-
L200. E"fl Ml 2001
'RL.\5
Yoursel
Georgia Department of Labor
MICHAEL L. THURMOND
Commissioner

Compare your hiring criteria to that most frequently cited by employers when asked. "During an interview, what characteristics influence your final decision?"

1. APPEARANCE
Dress Grooming & Hygiene Manner Paperwork

Does his/her appearance convey pride in himself/herself and his/her ability to do thejob? Is his/her attire at least one step above what one would wear on thejob?
Does he/she project a clean. neat image from head to toe?
Is his/her behavior/attitude polite. friendly, confident? Is his/her application and/or resume neat and complete?

2. DEPENDA61LITY Attendance Punctuality
Reliability
3. SKILLS

Can he/she be counted on to do thejob?
"
Will he/she be at work regularly?
Will he/she report to work on time and return from lunch and breaks on
time? Willhe/she complete duuee timely?
Will he/she accept responsibility, follow rules, and learn as much as possible about thejob?
Does he/she possess the skills or the potential abilities to learn and perform the job? Is he/she willing to learn new skills? Does he/she have experience or related experience?

Are your expectations very different? Although priorttles may differ. all employers want basically the same thing...a dependable. neat person who possesses the skills to make or save money for their business. Successful job hunters know that the title. responsibility and years of experienceon their lastjob means less to new employers than their proven ability to "do the job:'

6

CHAPTER
Skills Identification
you're a nice person, but what can you do?

A ll great job hunters are able to define their skills and achievements concisely as if they were a "product on the openjob market."

Good job hunters know that the title, responsibilitv and ucors of experience on their last job mean veru little to ernplouers.

Thesejob hunters are always ready to organize and describe their skills and give examples of specific times when
they used those skills.
l - - -l0RGANIZE YOUR SKILLS
One of the most useful systems for organizing your skills is called the SKILLS TRIANGLE. It will help you assemble your skills and abilities into categories.

SKILLS TRIANGLE

Transferable Skills
Transferable Skills are common to a number of jobs and can be adapted to a particular employer's need.

Job Content Skills
Job Content Skills are related to job-specific tools and tasks. They usually have a vocabulary of their own.

Self Management Skills
Self Management Skills are personality traits which help an employer decide if your temperament suits a particular
job. They are clues to how well you may adapt to
situations and solve problems. These are most important because very few employers offer training in these areas. Development of these skills is an individual initiative.

7

r- -1IDENTIFY YOUR SKILLS
Following is a list of TRANSFERA6LE SKILLS. Circleat least 10 that apply to you. Only circle skills that you have a reasonable amount of experience performing. (You may add others to the list.)

advise people analyze data arrange functions assemble products/parts
assess situations
audit records budget records build buy products/services calculate numbers
collect money
communicate compare data compile statistics conduct meetings coordinate activities correspond with others decision making demonstrate develop direct others draft entertain evaluate explain file records find information fix follow directions

gather information gUide/lead people handle complaints handle equipment handle materials handle money help people implement inspect products interpret data interview people inventory learn qulckly lift (heavy) lift (moderate) listen
make/create manage people
manual dexterity
meet the public
monitor progress
motivate others move materials
observe
operate equipment
order goods/supplies organize people organize tasks perform routine work

plan prepare materials process materials protect property public relations raise money record data reduce costs repair report information research resolve problems sell service customers service equipment
set goals/objectives set up equipment
socialize supervise take instructions train/teach trouble shoot type use tools weigh work qUickly write procedures write reports

Select your three strongest TRANSFERA6LE SKILLS.

8

Nowhere'sa list of SELF-MANAGEMENT SKILLS. Cirlce up-to 10 that describe you. As before, feel free to make additions.
-

adaptable ambitious assertive businesslike careful caring communicate well competent competitive confident conscientious considerate cooperative creative dedicated dependable diligent easy going efficient

energetic enthustasttc flexible friendly hardworking helpful honest imaginative independent insightful intelligent logical loyal mature open-minded optimistic organized outgoing patient

persuasive polite practical productive punctual realistic reliable resourceful responsible self-confident sensitive sincere sociable stable strong supportive tactful thorough understanding versatile

Nowselect your three strongest SELF - MANAGEMENT SKILLS.

9

Joe CONTENT SKILLS are unique to your experience and job objective. They describe what you did on your last job. We've prOVided the space for you to list and describe your 10 most important.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
7.
a.
9. 10.
List your three strongest JOe CONTENT SKILLS.
10

PROVE YOUR SKILLS Now that you have accumulated an impressive list of skills. you must be able to offer concreteexamples of howyou
havedemonstrated these skills. This exercise is called PROOF ey EXAMPLE. the easiest way to convincean
employer to hire you.
PROOF BY EXAMPLE FORMAT
1. IDENTIFY THE SKILL
Handle Money (cashier, retail sales. bank teller)
2. PRESENT A CONCRETE EXAMPLE
Describe where and for how long you used this skill
One year of experience at x:YZ Department Store
3. QUALIFY EXAMPLE: DESCRleE CIRCUMSTANCES
who. what. when. why. how Assisted approximately 100 customers per day - calculated costs - processed credit card and cash payments.
4. REINFORCE WITH MEASURAeLE DATA
numbers. dollars. percentages. volume per month, year. etc.
Handled approximately $3.000 per day =$750.000 a year.
5. GIVE RESULTS...WHAT HAPPENED?
How did the company benefit from your skill'?
Accomplished monetary transactions with the lowest error rate of any employee. Received only two complaints that year. After six months was promoted
to Senior Cashier.
11

-
Using your top three skills from .the previous lists. complete the Proofby Example worksheet .prqvided on page 13.

(Ask DOLstaff for extra worksheete.) 'Imagineyourself asthe employer.' Howwlll each worksheet Kelp you determine

if hiring the person with that skill would.,

,d

increase profits? decrease turnover? improve productivity?

Once you have identified your skills and have practiced presenting them to the employer. the next step is to determine where your skills can be best used by selecting appropriatejob goals.

"Know when to hold them, Know when to Fold them,"
THE GAMBLER
12

PROOF 6Y EXAMPLE WORKSHEET
THE EASIEST WAY TO CONVINCE AN EMPLOYER TO HIRE YOUI 1. SKILL
2. PRESENT A CONCRETE EXAMPLE
Where were you employed. and for how long? What employer did you perform this skill for and for how long?
3. QUALIFY EXAMPLE: DESCRIBE CIRCUMSTANCES
who. what. when. where. why. how (Details of your performance)
4. REINFORCE WITH MEASURABLE DATA numbers, dollars, percentages, volume per month, year. etc.
5. GIVE RESULTS...WHAT HAPPENED?
How did the company benefit from your skill?
"
13

CHAPTER 5 Establishing Goals
if you don't know where you're going, how will you know when you're there?
It 's unfortunate that many of us, when we are uncertain, have a tendency to do nothing at all. Just getting started may be the most difficult thing to do when you are unsure of your goals.
Remember... if you can't tell an employer the type of job you want, he can't imagine how you can help his business. People who ask for "anything" usually end up with nothing.
A good beginning is to decide what you are interested in doing. The Georgia Department of Labor has several assessment tools that can helpyou identifyyour interests. You can match these interests to jobs you're qualified to do. If you are unsure of your job goal(s), ask about these assessment tools. Once you've identified jobs that interest you, you're ready to gather information about those jobs. Following are titles of resource materials available at your nearest Georgia Department of Labor office:
The Occupat;lonal Out;look Handbook Guide for Occupat;lonal Explorat;lon Dlct;lonary ofOccupat;lonal ,1t;les Georgia Career Informat;lon Syst;em
As you read about the jobs that interest you, ask yourself the following: 1. What skills are needed for the job? 2. Does the job always require experienceor special training? If so, can I meet the requirements? 3. Is this type ofjob available in my area? If not, am I willing to relocate?
4-. What are the hours/days/shifts normally required for yhis job? Does my schedule permit this fleXibility? 5. What is the average wage for this job locally? Is it the same range as my previousjobs? If lower. does it
afford higher future earnings?
14

With a little research. you can begin to match your interests and skills to the requirements ofjobs (remember the Skills Triangle?). Talking with someone who knows the local labor market will help you narrow your focus.

Georgia Department of Labor staff can prOVide information and will work with you individually as you make career

decisions. Ask for their help.

.

..

.

J06 06JECTIVE WORKSHEET

1. Type ofjob(s) I want

2. Interest

3. Skills needed forthejob

Skills Ipossess (job content;/transferable/ self-management;)

4. My related work experience
5. Education/training
6. Labor market information (wages,joboutlook) 7. Potential employers Inthis area

" The greatest thing in the world is not so much where you stand as in what direction you are moving."

15

'-HIS 600K 6ELONGS '-0:
'-ODAY'S WORKSHOP FACILI'-A'-OR:
OFFICE PHONE:
"Some information in this book is based on concepts or materials
developed by JIST Works, Inc., Indianapolis, IN. They have been used with permission but are protected by copyright law and cannot be reproduced
without permission."
Published by the Georgia Department of Labor 148 Andrew Young International Boulevard, N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30303-1751 www.doJ.state.ga.us
Equal Opportunity Employer/Program. Auxiliary Aids & Services Are Available Upon Request To Individuals With Disabilities

Chapter 6
A P P Ii cat ion 5
everything anyone ever wanted to know about you ... and asked

A

Pplicat ions come in all shapes. sizes and, within legal limits. may ask a variety of questions. There are two purposes for an application ...and the purpose depends upon which side of the desk you are sitting.

If you're the employer. you use the application to quickly screen out those peoplewho don't fit your needs. If you are the job hunter, you use the application to get your foot in the door...to that all important face-to-face interview.
With your purposeinmind,consider:

In uour absence, uour application is uou. Is it neat. accurate. easi 1l,J read? It is complete? What does it sou about uour work. skills and obilitu to follow instructions? Will it screen uou in ... or out?

As an example... The Georgia Department of Labor recently helped a large firm select 800 applicants who would betested for 200 jobs. More than 7,000 applications were received! Based solely on their applications. 6.200 peoplewere qulckly screened out on the first cut. Why'? Most of them ...
failed to follow application instructions submitted an incomplete or unreadable application requested a salary higher than that publicized left gaps in their work history had been "fired" from several jobs had an unstable work history failed to describe skills This type of screening is not unusual.
16

Following are employers' most frequent complaints about the applications they receive:
Application completed sloppily - Could not read due to messy or illegible handwriting - Items crossed out - Crumpled up - Application incomplete (Do not say, "See Resume")
Name and address incomplete or unreadable
Indicated "anything" for type of work sought Work history reversed; did not put most recent job first
Vague descriptions of skills, experience, and accomplishments Left important questions blank. Gave no indication as to whether the blank was an
oversight/omission or not applicable (N/A) to the individual
Failed to sign and date application
You will find a PERSONAL DATA 600K in your folder. If prepared properly, this book will enable you to
complete almost any job application quickly, neatly and fully,
HELPFUL HINTS FOR COMPLETING APPLICATIONS
1. Have information readily available. Don't erase, scratch out or leave blanks. 2. Answer questions as fully as possible, 3. Leave no blank spaces. For questions that do not apply to you, draw a line or write
N/A. 4. Use only positive information. If the response is negative or requires an
explanation, write "will discuss in interview." Avoid negative words such as "qutt" or "fired." 5. Be prepared to use ink or pencil. 6. Be completely honest. Misrepresenting yourself on ajob application may result in being fired at a later date. 7. Resumes do not substitute for applications unless an employer specifies this is acceptable.
17

EVEN MORE HELPFUL HINTS

1. Pick up two copies of the application if possible,
one for practice on and one to complete and return.
2. Ask if you can take the application home to complete. If this is not possible, use your Personal Data Book as a guide.
3. When picking up or returning an application, make sure you are dressed and groomed appropriately becausethe employer may interview you "onthe spot" or may later ask the receptionist's impression ofyour appearance.
4, Do not fold or crumple the appllcatlon.

12. When writing down your work history, start with present or last employer first and work backward. Know addresses, telephone numbers, supervisors' names, dates.of employment and a thorough job description saying what you did, to what, using what skills and tools or equipment; Use action words in your job description, such as "supervised," "implemented," "increased," "operated."
13. In the "Salary Desired" block, ask for a salary that will match your experience, training and education or write "will discuss" or "negotiable."Salary must also match what the employer is willingto pay.

5. READ THE APPLICATION COMPLETELY 6EFORE STARTING TO FILL IT OUT.
6. Note whether the application is to becompleted in pencil or in a specific color ink.

.14. For "Organizations and Associations," provide only non-controversial activities unless you are required to list all memberships.
15. For "Hobbies and Leisure Time Activities," avoid potentially controversial activities.

7. Print the application neatly or type it. The neat-
ness of your application is an indication of your work.

16. For "Honors or Awards," keep them recent and relevant.

8. If a question does not apply, draw a line or write N/A in the response section.
9. Make sure you have a good message phone number.
10. Make sure the address you use is one where you
can be reached for several months. If you will be mov-
ing soon, give a message address or permanent address of a relative or friend.

17. Sign and date the application.
18. Re-read it twice before giving it to the employer. Did you complete everything? Does it reflect you and your abilities?

11. Know specific jobs within the company for which you want to apply. Many applications that say "anything" are often thrown out.

"It tokes a lot of things to prove uou're smart, but onlu one thing to proveuou're ignorant."
18

-----------

Chapter 7
Resumes & Cover
Letters
more than anyone wants to know about you... but may ask

T:ere are as many "best" resumes as there are people who are willing to advise you. So if you expect the following pages to produce the perfect resume, you are likely to be disappointed. For resumes. there is no one size/shape that fits all. Each must fit the individual for whom it is tailored.
Perhaps.the easiest way to begin tailoring your resume is to recognize what a resume is not.

A resume is NOT... a three-volume bioqrophu. an advertisement. or an artistic event.

Major employers consider an average of 245 resumes for every interview granted. At best. a resume will get you past the initial screening ...and into the interview. At worst. it will provide information that will screen you out.

TYPES OF RESUMES
Regardless of the type of resume you choose, the presentation of your experience. skills, and abilities must support a specific job objective (remember Chapter 5. Establishing Goals). If you have more than one job objective. you will probably need a resume specially prepared for each.

Using the skills you developed in Chapters 4 and 5, you should be able to beginyour resume by:



stating your job objective/goal clearly and concisely, and



describing your experience. transferable and job content skills either in chronological or functional

groupings.

When you've completed that portion of your resume, the hardest part is over. The remainder consists of facts:



name



address



phone number(s)



noteworthy achievements/accomplishments



education

19

TYPES OF R.ESUMES
Although there are many types of resumes, the most commonly used are the chronological. functional. and combination. Your first step ls to decide which of the resume types will be5t de5cribe your ekllls and abilitie5.

TYPE
I
CHRONOLOGICAL
Spell5 out your work hi5tory from most recent backward. Specifie5 employer namesand job tttles. De5cribe5 dutie5 for each job.

ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES

Emphaetzes continuity and career growth. 15 ea5Y to follow. Preferred by most employers.

Falls to group abilitie5/5kiIl5.
Point5 out any gap5 in employment. Point5 out any lack of work experience.

FUNCTIONAL
Clu5ter5 experience under major eklll areas rather than 1i5ting experience under eachjob. Point5 out major 5trength5 and abilitite5.
15 organized to 5trongly support
objective.
COMBINATION
Combines elernerrte of both the chronological and functional resume. It begin5 with a brief objective. then li5t5 speclftc ekllls
relevant to the objective, followed by employment hlstory,

Highlight5 5trong point5 and accompllshrnente. 15 fleXible. Ellmlnates repetition of dutie5. 15 useful for changing careers.
Allows writer to avoid 1i5ting months and years worked at each job.

15 often viewed ae a way to
hide gap5 or lack of experience.
15 more difficult to prepare.
15 often not ae orderly as other
resumes and may be harder to
follow.

20

HELPFUL HINTS
For Writing Your Resume

If-I--

1. WRITE IT YOURSELF!
You will be better prepared for interviews.
2. 6E RELEVANT!
Everything must directly relate to yourjob objective.
3. USE ACTION VER6S! (See sample in !his chapter.)
4. 6E POSITIVE!
Emphasize your accomplishments.
5. 6E SPECIFIC!
Document your abilities.
6.6EACCURATE! You will be expected to perform as described.
7. 6E 6RIEF!
Use short sentences and action words. Use only one page.
8. MAKE IT ERROR-FREE! Have someone check your spelling and grammar.
9. MAKE IT LOOK GOOD!
Use fine grade paper and laser quality printing.

21

CHRONOLOGICAL RESUME FORMA,

NAME Note: Type name in all capital letters or bold for emphasis.
Mailing Address City, State, Zip Area/Phone Number Area/Phone Number - Message

06JECTIVE As clearly and concisely as possible, state the position or field of work you are seeking.
You may designate the industry.

SKILLSAND A61L1TIES or QUALIFICATIONS
Summarize experience. List those transferable. self management and Job content skills that specifically
support the objective.

WORK EXPERIENCE L a s t Job f i r s t .
List the most applicable positions. usually those with six months or longer duration. Include notable accomplishments.

Dates Employed (Mo/Yr)

Job Title Description of major Jobduties.

Employer Address (City, State)

OTHEREXPERIENCE (optional)
Summarize additional experience. May include hobbles, volunteer/part timeJobs that relate to the objective.

EDUCATION

List certifications/diplomas, courses of study, Including trade or vocational training.

Name of School

Degree/Certificate

Years Attended

City, State

.

(optionaO

References furnished upon request. (optionaO

22'

EXAMPLE - CHRONOLOGICAL RESUME

J.O.6. HUNTER
148 lnternatlonal Boulevard Atlanta, Georgia 33080 404/555-3160 404/555-3000 - Message
OBJECTIVE: Position in Sales Management
QUALIFICATIONS Thirteen years experience in sales and executive management
Educational background in business administration Strong organizational and budgeting skills

June 2001 - Present July 1996 - May 2001 April 1992 - July 1996

EMPLOYMENTHISTORY
Vice President of Sales. ABC Company. Ty Ty, Georgia Directed and coordinated activities of25 sales representatives in seven
southern states . Prepared weekly sales reports, evaluated product performance.
analyzed productivity reports. Prepared and managed a $7.000.000 operating budget Sales increased 37% from 2002 to 3rd quarter 2003
. Sales Manager, XYZ Textbooks, Macon, Georgia Supervised twelve salespersons in Georgia and Florida Recruited. hired. and trained personnel Prepared sales reports and forecasts, managed budget Conducted periodic customer service evaluations Coordinated marketing campaign with sales force and advertising department Customer accounts doubled during three year period
Sales Representative, XYZ Textbooks, Macon, Georgia. Made sales presentations to secondary schools. colleges and
universities Prepared sales reports. customer profiles. and sales projections Serviced customer accounts Increased new accounts by 40%
OTHEREXPERIENCE Member. Toastmasters of America

EDUCATION University of Georgia. BS Marketing

23

FUNCTIONAL RESUME FORMAT
NAME
Note: Type name in all capital letters or bold for emphasis.
Mailing Address
City. State. Zip
Area/Phone Number
Area/Phone Number - Message
OBJECTIVE As clearly and concisely as possible. state the position or field of work you are seeking.
You may designate the industry.
SUMMARY OFEXPERIENCE Briefly summarize the experience that supports the objective.

Skill 1
Skill 2
Skill 3 Skill 4

SKILLS AND ABILITIES
Group experience and skills into two to four major
categories. expanding your areas of responsibility and accomplishments. Amount of experience in each area is generally provided. without listing specific employers.
EMPLOYMENT HISTORY

Dates (MolYr - MolYr)

Job Title

Employer

EDUCATION

List certifications/diplomas. courses of study, including trade or vocational training.

Name of school
Address (city, state)

Certification/degree

Dates/years attended (optional)

References furnished upon request. (optional)

24

EXAMPLE - FUNCTIONAL RESUME

J.O.6. HUNTER

148 International Boulevard Atlanta, Georgia 30030

404/555-3160 404/555-3198 - Message

ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT
Dedicated professional with six years administrative assistant/executive secretarial experience with international corporation. Excellent organizational, supervisory, planning and computer skills.

ADMINISTRATIVE Maintained corporation records Prepared monthly and annual sales reports using Excel 97, Lotus 1-2-3, Power Point Planned conferences and directed preparation of records for stockholders' and directors' meetings Supervised five sales department clerical staff Developed and maintained departmental filing system Prepared correspondence using Microsoft Word and Word Perfect Performed statistical research
SECRETARIAL Operated IBM PC and word processor to compile and type reports and correspondences Scheduled appointments and planned itineraries Handled telephone inquiries and routed calls Ordered office supplies Routed incoming mail Attended sales meetings and prepared minutes Type70 WPM
ACCOUNTING Calculated, posted and verified financial data in maintenance of corporate accounting records Posted details of business transactions such as allotments, disbursements, claims, payroll. and expense vouchers Proficient in numerous software packages including Peachtree Typed invoices, vouchers, statements, and other reports

May 2001 - Present

EMPLOYMENT Administrative Assistant

ABC Company TyTy, Georgia

June 1997 - May 2001

Accounting Clerk EDUCATION

XYZ Textbooks Macon, Georgia

Macon Junior College, AB Secretarial Science and Accounting

25

TABLE OF

CHAPTER

PAGE

INTRODUCTION

1 REMAINING POSITIVE
leap toll buildings in a single bound

_1

2 WHYS0rvtE PEOPLE REMAIN UNEMPLOYED--- 3
go ahead, shoot yourself in the foot

:3 EMPLOYER EXPECTATIONS

5

he who has the gold makes the rules

4- SKILLS IDENTIFICATION

7

you're a nice person but what can you do?

5 ESTABLISHING GOALS

14

if you don't know where you're going, how will uou know when you're there?

6 APPLICATIONS

16

even;thing anyone ever wonted to know about uou and asked

7 RESUMES AND COVER LETTERS

19

more than anyone wonts to know about you... but moi) ask

a PERSONAL BUSINESS CARD

35

tell me about l,Jourself ..in 25 words or less

9 NETWORKING

38

how to use practically evenibodu for practically even;thing

10 TELEPHONE CONTACTS

42

reach out and touch everuone

11 JOB INTERVIEWS

45

now that you're here...impress me

12 KEEPINGYQURJOB

50

working smart for your money

,,~~-----~~--------------------------------
COMBINATION RESUME FORMAT
NAME Note: Type in all capital letters or bold for emphasis
Mailing Address City. State. Zip Area/Phone Number Area/Phone Number - Message
06JECTIVE As clearly and concisely as possible, state the position or field of work you are seeking.
You may designate the industry.
5UMMARY OF5KILL5,A61L1TIE5, QUALIFICATION5 Summarize skills. abilities and qualifications that specifically support the objective.
EXPERIENCE List transferable. self management and job content skills that support the objective.
Include notable accomplishments. This is the focus of this type of resume.
EMPLOYMENTHI5TORY List job history starting with last job first. List the most applicable positions. usually those with six months or longer duration.
EDUCATION List certifications/diplomas. courses of study, including trade or vocational training. Include most recent dates of training. course of training. name of school. and degrees or certificates.
References furnished upon request. (optional)
26

EXAMPLE - COMBINATION RESUME

J.O.6. HUNTER
148 International Boulevard Atlanta. Georgia 30303 404/555-3160 404/555-3198 - Message
OBJECTIVE
Certified Public Accountant position

SUMMARY



CPA with 10 years financial management experience



Six years cost accounting and four years public accounting



Extensive supervisory and project development experience



Familiar with AS400



Proficient with Lotus 1-2-3. Peachtree. Access. File Maker

EXPERIENCE

General Accounting



Ensured control over financial issues relating to corporate mission



Prepared operational budgets in excess of $20 million dollars



Profits increased 15 percent in first year of program

Cost Accounting



Maintained cost accounting on division level



Developed cost standards and variance analysis



Assisted with coding and pricing of manufacturing and marketing

Management and Training Skills



Designed and implemented managerial accounting seminars

designed to improve fiscal responsibility of all division managers



Developed capital budget monitoring system for

justification and expenditures

WORK HISTORY

2003-Present 1999-2003 1996-1999

Fiscal Director; ABC Corporation/Manufacturing Division. Atlanta. GA Manager of Cost and Budget; Savory Food Products. Savannah. GA Staff Accountant; Big Eight Accounting. Boston. MA

EDUCATION

B.S. Business, Georgia State University. 1995. Emphasis in Accounting

27

IN READING OVER THE RESUMES, DID YOU NOTICE...



none were more than one page long. Most employers wiff not take the time to read lengthy resumes.



none provided irrelevant details such as hobbies, height, weight, health, marital status/chlldren. If a.fact is

notjob related, it is not only useless, it may be dangerous.



job/skills descriptions were concise; action verbs were used; information was well organized. Most

employers are looking FOR something. If that something is not easy to find andunderstand, the

resume may be discarded.



all resumes were neat, spell checked, professionally typed, attractively presented and easy to read. Fancy

type, exotic paper, photos and other "artistic expression" is overkiff and not necessary.



the strongest skills and abilities appeared immediately after the objective.



references were not listed, but offered upon request. Offering to furnish references is optional.

NOTE:

References are peoplewho have favorable opinions of you and who can attest to your work ethic,job content, transferable or self management skills. Rememberto contact your references before you supply their names. References are normally not contacted by the employer until after the interview - just prior to the hiringdecision.

I----AVOID RESUME MISTAKES --~

1.

Don't have a resume longer than two pages.

(One is best.)

2. Don't attach documents.

(Diplomas. recommendation letters. transcripts.

etc.)

3. Don't use odd sized paper.

(Use standard 81/2 x 11.)

4. Don't include personal irrelevancies.

5. Don't use complete sentences.

(Use action phrasee.)
e. Don't include pictures.

7.

Don't list education first.

(unless a recent graduate with limited experience.)

8. Don't forget accomplishments.

28

Action Verbs
For Use in Resume Development

5TRONGYER55 Accelerated Achieved Administered Analyzed
Arranged
Built Completed Conceived
Conducted
Confirmed

EQUIVALENT MEANING hastened. expedited. anticipated, qUickened
accomplished, attained. reached
governed. controlled. dispensed
investigated. studied. researched. examined. separated
classified, catalogued. indexed. systematized. coordinated. organized
constructed. fashioned. erected. produced
finished. concluded
devised. grasped. realized. understood. imagined
expected. administered. handled. officiated.
enacted
established, strengthened, ratified. sanctioned. endorsed. proved. upheld. substantiated

5TRONGVER65 Directed
Doubled Edited
Eliminated
Established
Exhibited Expanded
Founded Generated Handled

EQUIVALENT MEANING guided. led, regulated, governed, conducted, headed, managed
twofold, duplicated, increased
revised. arranged. digested. adapted. composed. complied. issued. published
removed. excluded, eradicated. extracted, suppressed, clarified, simplified
confirmed. secured. set, created. stabilized.
appointed, enacted, instituted. organized
showed. displayed, presented, demonstrated
widened. enlarged. extended. increased,
stretched, magnified
established, instituted. originated
made. produced. proliferated, engendered
directed. controlled, managed, operated, conducted

Consolidated
Contacted Contracted

joined. combined. affiliated. syndicated. endorsed. proved. upheld. substantiated
touched. met. adjoined
diminished. reduced, condensed. compressed. restrained, tightened

Headed Implemented Improved

led.directed. guided. controlled. managed
eqUipped, effected. fulfilled
reformed. revised. perfected, enhanced. elaborated. rectified. cultivated, strengthened

Controlled
Converted
Created

commanded. govemed. regulated. directed.
mastered
changed. adapted, reorganized. remodeled. regenerated. transformed. rendered. applied
fashioned, organized, constituted. produced.
propagated. devised. designed. conceived.
invented, envisioned

Improvised Increased
Installed Invented

Cut

carved. dissected. trimmed. diminished,

Launched

reduced. curtailed. shortened

Led

Delivered

discharged. released. conveyed. granted.

Managed

pronounced

"

Demonstrated

Maintained substantiated. proved, diagrammed. patterned
Negotiated

Designed

planned. projected. diagrammed. patterned

Operated

Developed

evolved, matured. caused, diagrammed.

patterned

Organized

invented, devised, extemporized
augmented. enlarged. extended, expanded,
strengthened. advanced, enhanced, amplified inducted, inaugurated. invested devised. conceived. originated, imagined. improvised. created. forged. designed started. initiated, inaugurated, embarked conducted, directed administered, conducted. controlled, directed supported, carried, possessed, upheld,kept accomplished, arranged, bargained conducted, managed, directed systemized. coordinated. classified, structured. arranged

29

,~~~~~~-------~---------------------------~- - - - - - -

._~----~--

5TRONGYER65 Originated Oversaw Performed Planned
Prepared Presented Produced
Promoted Proposed Provided Purchased Recommended Reduced Renewed Researched Revised

EQUiVALENT MEANING
invented, started, began,initiated,
inaugurated

5TRONGYER65 Serviced

managed, supervised. directed
enacted, executed. fulfilled. achieved, operated.
conducted, worked

Sold Solved

designed. projected. proposed, devised.
invented, created, prepared, systematized.
organized, arranged
planned. arranged, completed
awarded, endowed. gave,assigned. delivered.
bestowed

Sparked Strengthened Structured Succeeded

exhibited. created, originated, fashioned,
manufactured, constructed, fabricated, built. established. constituted, instituted, generated. developed
advanced, improved. elevated, supported,
encouraged
presented, stated, recommended, supported, encouraged
furnished, supplied. stocked. filled
bought. acqUired, secured
commended, advised, suggested. advocated
diminished. lessened. curtailed. lowered,
alleviated. subdued
revived, restored, renovated. replaced.
replenished

Supervised
Supported Taught
Transferred
Transformed Translated Trimmed Unified Verified Won

investigated. studied, explored
altered, corrected, edited, re-wrote

Worked

EQUiVALENT MEANING
aided, helped,provided, supplied,afforded. furnished
marketed. dispensed
explained, interpreted. answered, resolved. deciphered
inspired
intensified. fortified, increased, supplemented
organized, systematized, arranged, built
advanced, won.prospered, benefited, prevailed, surpassed, overcame,mastered. surmounted oversaw.controlled. directed, managed. steered, led
upheld,sustained, backed
instructed. coached. educated, implanted. instilled, guided, directed, trained
-converted. displaced. translated. transitioned,
exchanged
changed. altered, converted, interpreted
transferred. deciphered. decoded. interpreted
cut, equalized, lessoned, balanced
consolidated, combined,joined
substantiated, confirmed, proved, identified
beat, conquered. mastered, gained, obtained.
achieved. accomplished, succeeded, triumphed.
acqUired
employed, labored. functioned. acted. operated

30

--------
SCANNABLE RESUMES
Computer technology has rewritten the rules of the job search game to include a newtype of resume. This resume is. the scannable resume. Just as its name suggests. it is read by resume scanning software. How does the scannable resume differ from traditional resumes? Here are the basic differences:
No frills. Scannable resumes are plain and simple. Use limited boldface. no italic or.script text. Limit use of vertical and horizontal lines. no underlining. no special pictures or graphics. and no highlighting or shading. Use of keywords. Probablythe most important difference is that nouns are used as keywords instead of the action verbs that liven up so many resumes. Computers search resumes for keywords. not verbs. in an effort to identify which candidate has the background and experiencethat best fits with thejob requirements. Changes In st'.andard resume product'.lon. For the purpose of making the resume more "scanner friendly." changes need to be made. Here are the most basic ones:
Certain fonts are now better than others. including the Helvetica and Arial series.
The use of industry jargon and abbreviations should now be played up instead of avoided.
Resumes should not be folded or stapled. Telephone area codes should not be placed in brackets.
. 31

KEYWORDS FOR SCANNABLE RESUMES
Keywords are usually nouns. They are terms that define and describe the skills typically associated with a particular
line of work. Here are some examples of keywords taken directly from the classified ads and 'The Guide for Occupational Exploration":

- - - - - ACCOUNTANT - - - - -

Accounts Payable Accounts Receivable Analysis B.S. - Accounting Budgets Collector Compute Controller Cost Accounting CPA CYMA

Estimating Excel Financial Statements Fixed Asset Accounting Forecasts GAAP General ledger Inventory Invoicing lotus 123

LTC Reimbursements Medicare/Medicaid Payroll Reports Spreadsheets Statistical Reporting Supervisor Time Keeping Vendors Word

MECHANIC

Air Brakes Alignments ASE Certificate Blue Prints Brakes Diesel Engines

Domestic Models Electrical Systems Exhaust Systems Foreign Models Gas Engines Heavy Equipment

Hydraulic Machinery Manual Transmissions On Board Computer Plastics Power Tools

State Inspections Tools Trucks Tune-ups Welding

AClS Administration Analyze BClS Certification Cardiovascular Care Chemistry Clinical CNA Diagnosis Emergency Room

NURSE
ICU I-V Experience LPN LTC MSN Nursery Nursing Home Nutrition OB Obstetrics

OR Pain Management Prevention Psychiatry Experience Records Rehabilitation RN Substance Abuse Surgical Experience Treatment & Plans

32

COVER LETTERS

Onceyou have created the perfect resume (for you). the next challenge is getting it to the person who makes the hiring decisions. The best tool is the cover letter.

A good cover letter...
is addressed to a person (not: "to whom it:may concern")
personalizes your resume to a particular employer (and demons'tra'tes 'tha't you know some'thing sbout:
'the employer's business)
begins with a strong opening statement (to cap'ture inures't) is short (to hold inures't)
emphasizes your value as a potential employee (by s'tressing your skills and accomplishmen'ts)
enumerates how you meet the Job requirements specified. when responding to an ad orJob announcement asks for an interview (and leaves 'the door open for you 'to recontact: 'the employer)
Since the first sentence is usually the most difficult. we'll~et you started with some samples of opening statements and an example of a complete letter.

You will see from my attached resume that I am skilled in to XYZ Company.

and could bean asset

Ifyou are looking for an employee who _ _ _--, resume.

. I believeyou will be interested in the attached

Canyou use a

with the ability to

? I have these talents.

(job title)

(skills)

If XYZ Company is on the lookout for a good (job title). you may be interested in my skills and achievements.

My enclosed resume shows the skills and abilities I can bring to your business.

Thecover letter should meet the standards ofyour resume...neat. concise. grammatically sound and words correctly
spelled.

"Writing a resume is like polishing silver. revealing the precious radiance beneath."
33

Sample Cover Letter

Mr. D. O. Labor Business Machines. Inc. 2020 Business Avenue Suite 100 Americus, Georgia 31709

J.o.B. Hunter .
960 Granite Springs Lane
Columbus. Georgia 30045 (706) 555-6556
Octobe~13. 2 0 0 X

Dear Mr. Labor:
I understand that Business Machines. Inc. is always on the lookout for administrative assistants with strong corporate experience. You will note from my resume the progressive responsibilities and skill levels I have acquired during my six years of experience in the secretarial field.
I am impressed with the expansion Business Machines. Inc. has experienced recently and your reputation as an efficiently operated corporation. Mr. James Doe. Vice President of Sales and Marketing with ABC Corporation, suggested that I write to you about employment possibilities.
Please feel free to call me at any time. I look forward to hearing from you.
Thankyou so much for your interest and consideration.
Sincerely,

J.O.B. Hunter

34

Chapter 8

Personal 6usiness

Card

.

.

. tell me about yourself...

in 25 words or less

I n the preceding chapters you've imagined yourself as an employer. Suppose you were screening applications or resumes, interviewing by phone, or simply too busy to meet with every job applicant who came by. Would you appreciate a quick. easy-to-read summary of someone's objectives, skills and experience? Wouldthe person who provided such a convenience impress you?

The PERSONAL BUSINESS CARD is a new and (well received) job search tool. Not onlu will the use of a PBC impress an ernplouer. it will add flexlbllitu and convenience to all facets of uour rcernolournent efforts.

This unique tool has many uses. It can be... a ready reference to give to friends. relatives. business contacts and others who are helping you develop
leads or acting as references
an enclosure in thank you letters folloWing interviews or phone contacts a reference during job interviews (sort of a mini cue card) an attachment to applications and resumes an effective means of capturing attention a substitute when an employer is not taking applications a script for telephone contacts

35

INTRODUCTION
Why Should You Read This 6ooklet?
a guide for anyone seeking employment

1:his booklet is a gUide for anyone seeking employment. Although it won't get you a job, it will help you develop a plan. sell your skills to employers, and shorten your period of unemployment. It addresses some of the challenges you may experience injob seeking and provides tips on
newand effective job search techniques.

Inthe past few years. the entire process of looking for work has changed. Thereis nowincreased competition forjobs making the application and interviewing process more complicated and difficult. To besuccessful in seeking employment. job hunters must be aware of the following trends.

IHOW THE JOe MARKET HAS CHANGED... I



lifelong employment with one organization is less common workers are required to learn new skills as technologies change most newjobs are in services and information mostjobs are with small companies with less than 25 employees
organizations are slimming down to smaller staff/work teams there is a marked increase in temporary employment job security is considered 3-7 years with the same employer the average age of workers is rising

Job hunting can be frustrating, yet it can also be a challenging and rewarding experience. It requires knowledge, energy and commitment. The Georgia Department of Labor wants to assist you as you seek newemployment.

Your PERSONAL eUSINESS CARD should be no larger than 3" x 5" on conservative color card stock. It
should be typewritten or typeset and appealing to the eye. Information on the card should include (as briefly as possible)
name
phone and/or message phone
position desired
skills (expressed in concrete terms)
positive personal information (three self-management skills) optional information (such as working conditions, preferences for hours, full-time or part-time)
Following is an example of a PERSONAL eUSINESS CARD.

.r.o.e, HUNTER
Position Desired: Executive Secretary

home (404) 555-4567 work (404) 555-2345

Skills:

More than six years experience as an administrative secretary to company executives
Type 85 WPM and take dictation at 120 WPM. Proficient on Office 97 Organize filing systems. arrange meetings.
perform research and prepare financial reports Supervisory experience Present excellent corporate image

Efficient. work well under pressure. detail minded.

36

Use these blank PERSONAL BUSINESS CARDS to create your own. If you need a little help. ask your Georgia Department of Labor staff to review it. They can offer suggestions.
"The faster uou can persuade the other person to decide. the more llkelu uou are to get what uou wont."
37

, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .. ~----~~.
Chapter 9
Networking
how to reach out and touch everyone
F ewer than five percent of all job seekers have been taught the most effective ways to look for work. "50 what?" You may say. "everyone knows to..."
check newspaper want ads
mail resumes visit private and public employment agencies
use other resources such as school placement offices. union halls. headhunters, professional organizations,
etc. Yet these formal methods produce results only 30-35% of the time. Infact. 42% ofall unemployment is deemed "frictional"...the inability of qualified job seekers to connect with existing job openings. In large part, the problem is due to the fact that 85% of all job openings are never advertised or listed with employment agencies, and more than80% of all newjobs are created by small businesses. In essence. most newjobs are tucked away in what is defined as the "hlddenjol:7 market"- a term used to describe unadvertised job openings. This "hlddenjol:7 market"
is difficult to access through traditional job search methods.
The need for better approaches to finding jobs is groWing more acute as we enter the 21 st centuru. Our rapidll,J changing. global econornu has made the concept of a Iifetime job a vanishing dinosaur.
Consider that...
on average. approximately 170.000 to 175.000 Georgians are unemployed monthly, most through no fault
of their own.
young Americans will change jobs every one and one-half years before age 35; every three years over age 35.
most people will have three to five different careers in a lifetime.
job "security" will be considered three to seven years with the same employer.
38

--------------------

a finding and changingjobs is becoming 'normal part of our lifestyle.

In addition to those tried and true methods listed earlier. there are two Informaljob seeking methods which result

in 65% of all hires. They are not really new: most of us have casually used them before. Direct contact with

employers and networking through frierldf?';.relativesand acqualntances. These are informal but highly effective,

'.

'

'."

DIRECT CONTACT WITH EMPLOYERS

Goingdoor-to-door is one way of makingdirect contacts. Not only is this costly and time consuming, it is frustrating. You'll probably find that many of the employers you visit cannot even use a person with your particular skills. This can bea waste of time that could be spent much more wisely.
A more efficient method is to prepare for direct contacts by targeting potential employers. The first step is to
locate resources such as manufacturing gUides, business directories. Chamber of Commerce membership rosters, tradejournals, etc. Most are availableat the public library. You already own the best...the yellow pages of your phone book. Now...

list the general types of businesses that may use your job related or transferable skills under each category. list specific employers by name. address and phone number try to determine. through research. the name of the hiring authority in each business telephone or visit the company (the purpose is to arrange an interview or find out more about the company)

Remember. your PERSONAL eUSINESS CARD is an excellent tool for direct. coldcalls. Leave it with the employer whether there is a job opening or not, or use it as a script when phoning.

Since 20-25% of all job openings are the result of turnover and/or in-house promotions. directly contacting employers may put yo~ in the right place at exactly the right time.

NETWORKING

How many people do you know? You probably can't count high enough to cover...
your relatives your friends and acquaintances
members of your church, social or business groups people you do business with (bankers, hairdressers. doctors, dentists. teachers. etc.)

39

r---~-~-~-------------------------~---------------
All of these people know other people and some of them have inside information about jobs. How do you find those persons'? Simply follow the three step techique below. Networking is nothing more than asking everyone you know the following questions:
1. Do you know of anyone who could use my skills? If yes. get. t.he name and number. If no...ask.
2. Do you know of anyone who may know someone who could use my skills? Ifyes. get. the name and number
3. Do you knew sOf!1eone who knows lot.s of people?
As a starting point, list five people who fit into each of the categories previously listed. Includetheir phonenumbers. Suppose they answer your questions by giving you two more names. You'll now have approximately forty-five people helping you look for a job.
Don't be shy. Tell your contacts about your skills and job objectives. Better yet, give them copies of your PERSONAL 6USINESS CARD'? Rememberthat mostjobs are never advertised...they are filled quicklyby word of mouth referrals. In fact, many openings never even reach the personnel office for recruitment. Being in the right place at the right time is often no more than the result of knowing the right person. That right person just might be the wife of your banker, the next door neighbor of your hairdresser, or the dentist of your daughter.
Use the worksheet on page 41 to help you organize your contacts.
Joe SEARCH ON THE INTERNET
Today,there is an exciting new option injob search: finding yourjob by using the Internet to network. TheInternet is
a worldwide interconnection of computer networks which provide information on every subject imaginable.
Job seekers who have access to a computer and a modem may choose to go on-line to network and perform such
tasks as exchanging correspondences, researching companies, submitting resumes. narrowing job search by fields of interest. and in some cases, interviewing with prospective employers. Commercial on-line services and the Internet are resources that are becoming increasingly valuablefor job seekers. Those who use these resources must familiarize themselves with computer technology and associated cost factors.
"Treat everuone uou meet as if he or she is the most important person uou'Il meet that dou."
40

* When follow-up has been completed, put an "X" in the box and note date next contact should be made. 41

Chapter 10
Telephone Contacts
reach out and touch everyone
H ave you heard about the electronic device that can savejob seeking time? You have one...your telephone.
We've discussed the value of direct employer contacts. Oneof the best and easiest ways to makepersonal contact with potential employers is to cold call. The objective of a cold call is to get an interview. You must be prepared, however. to receive many more rejections than appointments. It's much easier to say no over the phone than face-to-face, and you are calling "cold." Be persistent.
The secret of successful calling is to obtain the name of the hiring outhoritu (not the personnel office) and ask to speak with him/ her directlu.
Your research and network may provide the name of the person who actually does the hiring. If it does not, your first encounter may be with a secretary or receptionist. Remember. many of them havethe power to makeor break your job search efforts. Their job is to screen calls. If you are polite and ask for advice, you may just get through to the person with whom you need to speak. Ask for the name of the supervisor for the department in which you are seeking work. Another tool that is used to screen calls is voice mail. While some people find it frustrating, it provides an opportunity to sell yourself because most employers listen to their voice mail. Leave more than a generic message. Use the voice mail to market your skills and interest in the company.
When you reach the hiring authority or voice mail use your PERSONAL 6USINESS CARD to briefly s t a t e ...
who you are (and the name of the person who referred you, if applicable) yourjob objective what you have to offer
42

"
Here are two different approaches to a cold call. Which do you think will result in an interview'?
"Hello, my name is J.G.B. Hunter. May I speak to Mr. Smith, please'?
Mr. Smith, my name is J.G.B. Hunter. I was wondering if you had any openings in the Sales and Marketing Division'?"
OR
"Hello, my name is J.o.B. Hunter. May I speak to Mr, Smith, please'?
Mr. Smith, my name is J.G.B. Hunter. TomJones at Georgia Southern College suggested that I contact you. I understand that your company is planning a major expansion and may be looking for someone to head the sales and marketing program. For the past three years, I have served as Vice President of Sales for ABC Company. ABC recently closed the southeast operations. Prior to that, I was employed by XYZ Textbooks - five years as a sales representative and three years as Sales Manager. In both jobs, I significantly increased customer accounts and sales profits.
When may I come in to talk to you'?"
It's important to practice your presentation so that you show no hesitation or uncertainty and come across in a
confident, businesslike manner. The more contacts you make. the better you become.
Always ask if you can come for an interview, even if they say there are no immediate openings. Remember, if appropriate, send a PERSONAL 6USINESS CARD to all employers, even if they didn't grant you an interview. It
may change their minds. The telephone log on page 44 will help you maintain a record of all phone contacts. Remember...ifthe results are not favorable, you can always call back at a later date.
- SUGGESTED RESPONSES TO"NOOPENINGS"-
When may I call back'? I'm very interested in working for your company. Could my skills be useful for other positions'? Do you know of other companies similar to yours that may be interested in someone
with my skills'?

~------ . - - - -

-

" Right up front, tell people what you are trying to accomplish, and what you are willing to sacrifice to do it."
LEEIOCOCCA
43

1st CONTACT DATE

T~LEPHONE LOG

EMPLOYER AND CONTACT PERSON

TELEPHONE #

OPENING INTERVIEW YES NO YES NO

RESULTSINEXT ACTIONI FOLLOW-UP DATE

.
~ ~
1
-

Chapter 11 Job Interviews
now that you're here impress me

Y : e certainlycome a long way! By nowyou have:

developed a positive attitude

developed a resume and cover letter

identified your skills

prepared a PERSONAL eUSINESS CARD

established goals

created a network

completed a PERSONAL PATA 500K

contacted potential employers

and ... now

You have an interview!!

Are you nervous? Most people equate job interviews with live performances onstage. Anxiety is a normal reaction
but can be minimized by knowing what to expect. Be prepared. TYPESOFINTERVIEWS
Interviews may be conducted in the following manner:
a face-to-face interview with the employer a pre-screening telephone interview a panel interview with more than one interviewer
a video interview a computerized interview
multiple interviews with the same employer

45

CHAPTER 1

R ema I n I n 9

p o S I

I v e

leap tall buildings in a single bound

U nemploy ment often means more than losing yourjob. You may experience emotional and financial stress as a result of it. Worse, unemployment may influence relationships with family and friends. The longer unemployment lasts. the greater the stress may become.
1 - - - - - - - - ---l TO REDUCE ANXIETY AND STRESS...
DON'T eLAME YOURSELF. Losing ajob is likeany other loss. You may feel responsible even though the closing, layoff. or separation was not your fault.
ADJUST YOUR LIFE STYLE. You may have to live on a reduced income for a while. Decide, with your family, what adjustments need to be made.
TAKECAREOFYOUReOD~
Regular sleep, meals and exercise are very important. COMMUNICATE.
Discuss the situation. You don't have to carry the burden alone. Your family and friends are your support system. CREATE A SCHEDULE.
Organize your day around the work of finding a job, but set limits. Evenings and weekends should be for
relaxation and recreation. START YOUR NEW JOe.
Looking for a job is a full-time job and the most important thing you can do right now. You are most attractive to other employers when you are first laid off.

The best uiou to cope with unernplournent is to succeed in finding another job as quicklu as possible.

BEFORE THE INTERVIEW
+PREPARE
The most frequent mistake an interviewee makes is to appear too casual OR too anxious. The easiest way to avoid
either of these impressions is to be prepared. If you know your product - yourself, your customer and the employer.
you won't babble, ramble or sit mutely whileyou fumble for an answer.
You already know about yourself. You have a PERSONAL DATA 600K, a PERSONAL 6USINESS CARD and probably a RESUME. Revlewthemjust prior to your appointment.
+RESEARCH THE COMPANY
Now, how do you find out about the employerf Simple research will tell you:
what products/services the company provides
who the customers of the business are
who will interview you (if your contact was someone other than the interviewer)
what kinds ofjobs are available within the company
how many people are employed there
if anything particularly interesting has happened to the business recently (expansion. new owners. new product line. etc.)
There are a variety of ways to obtain this information:
Use your network. Find someone who is or has beenemployed by that company.
Visit the company. The receptionist may beableto provide printed promotional material onthe company and its products/services.
Check with the local Chamber of Commerce and the public library for annual reports or other published
material such as:
Thomas' R.egis'Csr ofAmerican Manufa~unllre Moody's Manuals Fikh Corporaf;ion Manuals Sf;andarel and Poore Corporaf;ion R.ecorels "un & Bradsf;reef; R.eFenllnce Book Business/Finance Magazines orChronicles
Go on-line, using the Internet.
Ask Georgia Department of Labor staff about their knowledgeof the company.
Make notes and review them just prior to the interview.
46

-SOME FINAL REMINDERS-
Make sure you havethe correct add ress AND know the way to the interview!
Arrive 10-20 minutes early to create a good impression and give
yourself a chance to organize your thoughts.
Dress one level above the clothes appropriate for the job you're seeking (in most cases).
Greet the interviewer by name (use Mr. or Mrs.).
Offer a firm handshake.
Wait until the interviewer indicates that you may be seated. Sit up straight and maintain eye contact.
Refrain from smoking, gum chewing or drinking beverages. Remember, you are a guest. Whileyou are expected to participate
fully, the interviewer is in charge.
DURING THE INTERVIEW
Fear of tough questions creates most of the anxiety experienced during an interview. Follow-
ing are examples of inquiries that require thought before answering. Remember that your responses should always be positive and related to your situation.
Tell me about yourself. Give a brief description of educational and/or training background (unless this information may be negative). Then explain your skills. Rememberthe "Proof by Example"exercise'? If you give personal data make it brief and try to relate it to your skills.
What type of work are you lookingfor? Be specific! If eeveraljobe are available,state your preference, adding that you learn quickly and would be willing to develop new skills. Never say "anything" or any other vague answer.
Why are you unemployed? Why did you leave your lastjob? If you are unemployed due to company closure or lack of work, simply explain the circumstances. If you
are reentering or just entering the work force, briefly explain why...e.g., in school. raising children, selfemployed. If you were fired, be honest. Talk briefly about the circumstances, and emphasize that you
have learned from it. Do not, under any circumstances, badmouth a former employer!
47

Why have you been unemployed for 50 long? Some answers may be the same as #3 if you've beenout of the labor force. Otherwise, explain that you have
been diligently looking for work but that jobs using your skills are not readily available in the area. You have
made a career change and entry jobs are more difficult to find. Never say that you've been living on your
unemployment/severance pay and taking a break!
Why do you want to work for this company?
Stress the positives you have heard about the company. Show that you havedone your homework by giving information you obtained from your research.
Can you explain these gaps in your employment history? If there are legitimate, reasonable explanations, briefly explain the circumstances as in #3 and #4.' Other-
wise, try to present the gaps as positive experiences. If you were looking for work during the gaps, stress
your efforts.
Whatareyourstrengths? Use onlyjob-related abilities..Rememberyour skills list, includingthe self management skills. Present them as you did in the "Proof by Example" exercise. Never say you don't know or don't have any particular strengths.
Whatareyourweaknesses? Turn weaknesses into positive statements about your potential job performance. Some examples are irritation with co-workers who have no pride in their work; a tendency to be a "workaholic" if a project excites you. Never say you have no weaknesses! You may express legitimate weaknesses (l.e., time management, people pleaser; etc.) which you now have under control through improved self-management and/or professional development.
What willyour former employers say about you? Stress positive aspects about your job performance, attendance, and work habits. Describe any workrelated awards and/or exceptional evaluations. Again, never badmouth a former employer.
Why do you want to change jobs? This question is usually asked of persons who are currently employed but looking for another job. Explain
that you wish to change careers, if this is the case. Otherwise, stress strong points about the employer such as, '" understand your company is a leader is this market, and I would like to be involved with a leader." What salary are you seeking?
If you have done your research. you should know what the company is paying and can tailor your answer
accordingly. Give a range and add that you are willing to negotiate.
48

You may run into other questions that give you problems. Most oftoday's interview questions are situational and test your ability to think on your feet and communicate effectively. Dothe best you can during the interview, keeping your responses positive and brief. When you get home, write the difficult questions down and work on a good answer to them. The question may come up again!

Now. it's your turn. Most interviewers will ask if you have any questions. Always be prepared with several appropriate questions. such as:



Could you give me more specifics about this job?



What particular strengths are required for this position?



How long is the training period for this job? .



When do you plan to make a decision?

After the interviewer responds to your last question and begins to indicate that the interview is ending...
ASK FOR THE JOel

Be assertive and clearly indicate your interest. Tell him again that you believeyour skills would be an asset to the company. Ask when you may call to find out his decision.

Thank the interviewer for his time. Say that you enjoyed the opportunity to discuss your qualifications.

AFTER THE INTERVIEW

Immediately follow up with the employer by sending a brief thank-you note to the interviewer. The note should

express appreciation for the opportunity to discuss the job reaffirm your desire to work for the employer express confidence that you can make a difference reinforce your skills and strengths close by saying you are looking forward to hearing from them Rememberto include your PERSONAL 6USINESS CARD.

Wouldyou liketo sit back and wait forthe call? You can't. While you wait, get on the phoneagain. Touchbase with your network. Keep moving.

Wouldn't it be wonderful to choose between two or three or four or five job offers? It can happen. Good luck!

49

Chapter 12
Keeping Your Job
working for your money

R emember Chapter 3 on Employer Expectations? Now that you have a job, it is important to frequently review the characteristics listed in Chapter 3 that employers value.

1. Appearance

Your dress and grooming should be appropriate for the standards of the job. Your behaviors should be polite, professional. and confident. It is im-
portant to get along with your co-workers and supervisor. Work hard to
develop and maintain good communication skills. Keep your paperwork complete and accurate.

2. Dependabili1;y

Your employer and co-workers are counting on you to be on time. Be responsible. Follow rules. Make no excuses. Seek out new and additional assignments that demonstrate initiative. Be flexible. Go the extra mile.

3. Skills

Use your skills to the best ofyour ability. Realizeyou may needto develop new skills and be willing to pursue this goal. Volunteer to upgrade your
skills and share your knowledge with others,

Evaluate yourself. Do you:

Solve problems before they reach your employer's desk Act independently

Think of mistakes as learning opportunities

Take initiative

Look to the needs of the company - notjust your own Assume new responsibilities

Make every attempt to cooperate and get along with others

Maintain regular'contact with your boss

Keeping your job may open doors to increased wages and promotional opportunities. Take necessary steps to

keepthe job you worked hard to secure.

..

50

YOU'VE DONE IT...YOU'RE EMPLOYEDI
Weat the Georgia Department of Labor are happy for you, but wejust can't stop giving advice. All of us may face .
more than onejob search. Use this job to improve your chances of finding the next one or, better yet. to get
promoted up...and up...and up!
Helpful Hint.s
Always practice good work habits (attendance, punctuality, safety, etc.)
Establish good relationships with co-workers and supervieora.remember
networking. Build your skills.. be eager for opportunities
to add skills and gain knowledge. Show initiative,
Go the extra mile.
Remember,we're inthis with you,so let us know as soonas you have (RE)PLACED YOURSELFI 51

Notes
I

Notes

',I'
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-l II---- THE MOST POSITIVE. SUCCESSFUL Joe HUNTER....
assumes that no one else can find ajob for him/her because no one else can know exactly what he/she needs. wants or likes. No one else knows exactly what he/she can do.
realizes that outcome depends on input and is willingto conduct a full-time (35 hours a week)job search to produce job opportunities quickly.
understands that to sell himself/herself. he/she must know his/her product and convince others of his/her value. He/she knows what he/she can do, where he/she is needed and exactly what he/she wants.
knows that there are many routes to the same destination and develops a personal road map. He/she is prepared for detours...and shortcuts.
exercises goodjudgement in everyjob hunting situation. He/she believesany time. whether perceivedas good or bad. is an opportunity on which to capitalize.
avoids paralyzing "what lfs.' He/she keeps his/her eye on his/her goals and sees setbacks as temporary. Most important, he/she keeps moving forward.
believes in himself/herself and doesn't see employment turndowns as personal rejections.
deals with reality. His/her choices and expectations reflect the economic conditions and job market in which he/she operates.
involves his/her family and friends. He/she allows others to help him/her by considering job leads and accepting encouragement from others.
maintains a good sense of humor.
It's important to begin your job search on the right note...by developingA POSITIVE ATTITUDE!

Helpful Hints

Take'tlme Give 'tIme Show Inl'tla'tlve Persevere
Ne'twork Look good Say "Thanks"
ConYince

PREPARE EVERY'DAY VISIT EMPLOYERS CALLTI-lEM BACK REACH EVERYONE YOU'LL FEELBETTER WRITTEN AND VERBALLY YOURSELF AND EMPLOYERS

"Your attitude is uour most priceless possession."
KEITH HARRELL
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CHAPTER 2 Why Some People Remain Unemployed
go ahead, shoot yourself in the foot
A sk anyone WhO. has recently lost ajob if he/she plans to remain unemployed for a long time and most will answer, "OF COUR.SE NOTI" Ask if he/she is seriously lookingfor another job and most will answer "CER.TAINLYI"
Although more than 1,000,000 new job openings occur each month, menu job hunters find themselves unable to reconnect quicklu. Theu are qualified and jobs are avai lable. What's the problem?
Those less than apparent reasons that hinder reemployment have little to do with either the job hunter's skills or
the labor market. Most are a result of the job hunter's behaviors. Consider...
At leaet 4-0% turn off prospective employers by presenting themselves poorly in appearance and
manners. Approximately 42% are qualified but have difficulty tapping the "hiddenjob market." This is formally
known as Frictional Unemployment.
More -t.han 80% cannot identify or describe their skills and abilities. Approximauly 85% of the long term unemployed do not spend enough time looking for ajob. In
fact, the majority devote fewer than five hours a week to the job search..
Approximately 90% cannot answer difficult questions during interviews.
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We all know that very few people deliberately sabotage their own efforts. Avoiding job search pitfalls is often a simple matter of recognizing them. Nowthat you knowthe problems ofthose who remain unemployed, makesure you
don't fall victim to the same mistakes. You must.:.
present yourself professionally and positively learn new methods for tapping the "Hidden Job Market" learn to describe your skills and abilities approach yourjob search as if it were a full-time job learn to anticipate difficult questions and have your responses prepared
Thefollowing pages ofjob search suggestions will assist you as you chart your own course to a job.
"Ye shall know the truth. and the truth shall make uou mad."
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CHAPlEt< 3 Employer Expect.at.ions
he who has the gold makes the rules
5 Ployers are people. too. and theirjobs often depend on who they hire. Since profit is the bottom line for business, employers must ask themselves. "Can this job applicant make or save money for my company'?" e decision to hire one person instead of another often hinges on the answer.

To convince an ernplouer that hiring uou is a wise investment, uou must meet his expectations. While uou mou not be sure of the specific expectations of an ernplouer. it's not difficult to conclude that, in general. most ernplouers are looking for the same basic characteristics.

For instance. imagine that you are about to hire an assistant. someone to helpyou look for ajob. Consider that this
employee will:



be with you eight hours a day



represent you to potential employers



be paid from your future earnings

What kinds of information/impressions will you be looking for during the interview that will help you choose among several applicants'? List below characteristics you consider important to your hiring decision.

Now circle the three you consider crucial to your final decision.
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