GE OF CHANGE, TIME OF DECISION CONTENTS AGE OF CHANGE, TIME OF DECISION ... A report to the General Assembly and the People of Georgia on the Administration of Governor Carl E. Sanders 1963-1967 The Governor's Message 3 Age of Change, Time of Decision 5 A Modern Government For a Modern People 11 Education For The People 15 Georgians Working Together. 19 Services For The People 21 Protection For The People 25 Natural Resources 27 Industrial Development 29 Georgia And The Nation 34 Georgia's Cultural Heritage 36 And Now The Four Years End 36 1 THE GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY AND THE PEOPLE OF GEORGIA: In the fall of 1962, when you selected me to serve as Governor of Georgia, you provided me the greatest privilege - and the highest challenge-of my life. Now, with the close of these four memorable years of change and improvement, it is time to report to you on what has been accomplished. We have made unprecedented progress working together. Our people have sent many able leaders to the General Assembly, but they have also given us the strong support without which leaders can do little of enduring value. Together we can be proud of what has been done during these four years. Georgia has achieved a new image in this Nation, and she has emerged dramatically as a dynamic State full of progressive, intelligent people who can adapt old, sound values to new and fresh ideas in our swiftly changing world. We have taken giant steps-in some instances the first truly meaningful steps - toward a bright future. Education, health, industry - all the services for our people - have been thoroughly revitalized. The net effect of our four years of teamwork is that Georgia is now prepared to meet the challenges - and the opportunities - of the coming decades. This Administration came to office pledged to give Georgia's four and one-half million citizens a competent, honest, morally responsible, fiscally sound, effective, efficient and constructive government. We have fulfilled that pledge, and we have done so together. Our accomplishments demonstrate the wonders which a great people, working together in a democracy, can bring to pass. I am honored - and humbled - to have been your Governor during these exciting years of growth and greatness. Sincerely, Governor Gover'lor Sa'lders de ivers his ~i 1al State of-the State a d ess to the Ge.rerr I Asserr bly. 3 AGE OF CHANGE, TIME OF DECISION The four years of the Sanders Administration is contemporary history, and constitutes yet another chapter in the continuing chronicle of a great State. What really happened here in Georgia in the years 1963 to 1967? How did it affect our daily lives, and the future of our children? How did it change our living patterns, and stir us to new thoughts and bolder actions? "Georgia is leading a new South into a position of pre-eminence in the Nation," the Governor said. "There will come a day when the South will lead the Nation. That will require hard work, discipline, sacrifice. But I am tired of playing 'follow the leader.' I believe the time has come when the South should say, 'We'll be the leaders-into a new day, a golden era of growth and greatness!' " These were the years when: Education received nearly two billion dollars, or 60 of every tax-paid dollar. A new Minimum Foundation Program finally guaranteed quality education for all. Scholarships and loans were provided for every qualified Georgia boy and girl. The Governor's Honors Program, a model for the Nation, was created. The Nation's leading airport construction program was developed. A billion dollars in new and expanded in- Georgia Associate Supreme Court Justice Joseph D. Quillion administers the oath of office to GovernorElect Carl E. Sanders on January 15, 1963. dustries, spurred by new life and new hope, created more than 200,000 jobs for Georgia wage earners. Personal income alone rose more than two billion dollars in four years - an increase of about 25 per cent. Long-overdue salary increases of $1,400, plus new rewards for teaching competence, raised the salaries of more than 40,000 Georgia public school teachers by an average of $1,497 per year. 6,000 classrooms were constructed; 10,000 additional teachers were hired. "Welfare" changed its image and outlook. $750 million dollars was invested in our roads and highways. Tourism became a billion dollar business. Six million persons visited our 43 State parks - an increase of more than 69 per cent in less than four years. Jekyll Island and Stone Mountain were fully developed. The University System doubled its enrollment and was allotted more building money than in all of its previous history. The Efficiency Commission's 15 reports moved State Government into the jet age. Mental health was given unprecedented human and financial support. Youth Development Centers removed children from Georgia's jails. A model Police Academy was established. Prisoners were given new hope for a constructive future. Senior citizens were remembered and substantially helped. Junior colleges, vocational-technical schools and educational television stations were financed and built throughout Georgia. 5 A new dental school was begun, and the state medical and law schools completely renovated. The Georgia Bar was organized and trial and appellate procedures reformed. And close to $140 million dollars was left in the State Treasury to guarantee that Georgians should face no tax increase during the next four years. The election news that flashed over the wires on September 12, 1962, told that Carl Edward Sanders, then 37, had become the first Georgian to receive nearly a half-million votes for the Office of Governor: 494,978. Born in Augusta on May 15, 1925, he was graduated at 17 from the State's oldest school, Richmond Academy. At 19, he was piloting B-17 bombers in the U.S. Air Force. After the war, he returned to the University of Georgia, which he earlier had entered on a football scholarship. He married a pretty art student, Betty Bird Foy of Statesboro, passed his state bar examinations while still a student, received his law degree, and began practicing law in Augusta in 1948. In 1954, Carl Sanders offered for the Georgia House of Representatives and was elected. Time and again the voters returned him to the General Assembly, for after his House service he moved on to the State Senate for three terms, where he became both Floor Leader and President Pro Tem. Personable, articulate, positive, a keen student of government, and full of creative, imaginative ideas about what a jet-age Georgia should be like, he was soon in Georgia headlines and conversations. "A calm voice, making sense," an editorialist wrote. Said an Associated Press story: "He epitomizes a new breed of politician now emerging in the South." He became a respected leader in the Legislature, and spoke and debated throughout the State on meaningful issues. Thus, when he ran for the Governorship of Georgia, Carl E. Sanders was chosen Chief Executive by the largest majority in the history of the State. Among his first acts, while he was still Governor-elect, was the creation of the blueribbon Commission for Efficiency and Improvement in Government, the agency which would help him draw the long-needed plans to modernize state governmental services. He had vowed to move Georgia in new directions, and by the end of 1962 - even before assuming the State's highest elective office-he had begun. In the clear and frigid noon of Inauguration Day, January 15, 1963, the new Governor stood outside the west entrance of Georgia's Capitol and spoke warmly to the people of his plans: "First and foremost, improvement of education; better roads and highways; more schools and colleges; more hospitals and better mental health facilities; new jobs and payrolls; higher income for our people; more and expanded industries; a better farm and agricultural program; a strong program for our youth; improved welfare administration; more parks and recreational facilities; better ports and airports; greater opportunities for all." The Atlanta Journal commented: "No demagoguery, no foolishness, no purple patches. Sanders said, 'We adhere to the values of respectability and responsibility which constitute our tradition. We believe in law and order and in the principle that all laws apply equally to all citizens.' It was on these principles that this State and Nation were founded, and it was good to hear them being spelled out under the bright skies of a clear January day in the heart of a resurgent South." There were problems ahead, but the youthful Governor viewed them more as opportuni- 6 ties, and the bright, fresh winds of hope for the future and faith in the present were at last sweeping across Georgia. Governor Sanders was confident and visionary. He had said to a national magazine reporter: "I am determined that in my Administration this State will move ahead-fast!" In the four years stretching ahead, he would witness the realization of that goal. Honors accorded the State would be many, including the Nation's top award for valiant efforts toward quality education for Georgia, and the top award for industrial development in both the United States and Canada. The Governor himself would serve as Chairman of the Southern Regional Education Board, Chairman of the Appalachian Governors' Conference, ViceChairman of the Southern Governors' Conference, Chairman of the Rules Committee of the 1964 National Democratic Convention and as a member of the Executive Committee of the National Governors' Conference. The first State-of-the-State address by Governor Sanders was to a General Assembly already feeling the impact of change: the county unit system was gone with reapportionment, and a two-party system was emerging. The Governor believed that the men and women chosen by Georgia's people for legislative service would plan with purpose and act with courage. They did. He believed also that they would work with him as a team for the betterment of all Georgians. And this they did. The resulting legislation and leadership laid solid foundations for a Georgia moving into the final third of the 20th Century. This multi-million dollar addition to Georgia Tech's Library is an example of the record improvements in education which Georgia is enjoying. 7 Unprecedented partnership achieved unprecedented progress. To the Legislators, the Governor later said with deep conviction: "I congratulate you. We have achieved a true and working partnership. Georgia has accentuated the positive ... a new spirit of rural and urban understanding has created economic prosperity unparalleled in our history." In the beginning, Governor Sanders stressed that he would achieve "a stable, responsible, efficient State Government serving all the needs of Georgia." He recommended these ways to serve the people better: a commission to study economy and efficiency in government, a commission to improve education, a commission on the status of women, a fair elections code, a police academy, a reorganized highway department, a youth division, a new constitution, a majority vote on county merger, an exemption on sales or use tax on new machinery for expanding industries, collection of automobile taxes when tags are bought, and withholding procedures for corporate taxes. He outlined Georgia's first biennium budget of nearly a billion dollars, with 72 per cent of all increases going to education. Appropriating funds was now the responsibility of the Legislature, through recommendations of a Budget Bureau and the Governor. No more unlisted, unreported lump sums would be allotted without legislative knowledge. "The General Assembly is again master in its own house," the Governor told lawmakers. While a member of the State Senate, Carl Sanders had been one of the architects of the successfullegislation giving the General Assembly the State's fund-control authority. The Sanders "Partnership in Progress" program moved speedily through the Legislature, with its members shouting their approval of the Commission to Improve Education, and then giving him a standing ovation when the bill came up to create a Youth Department to keep children out of common jails and to care for their needs. The Administration's Master Plan for Education, enacted into law in 1964, has been acclaimed one of the Nation's best. He guided the reapportionment of the House of Representatives and Georgia's 10 Congressional Districts, the first State in the Nation to accomplish such a task legislatively and without Federal court interference. Earlier, while Governor-elect, he had also directed reapportionment of the State Senate. The Macon Telegraph, in an editorial discussing his final State-of-the-State address, commented: "Carl Sanders received an attentive ear when he told the Legislators that the state of the State is 'truly magnificent,' -and unlike many of his predecessors who have said the same thing, he had the facts and figures to back up the phrase. The state of the State is indeed magnificent. And tomorrow it will be better still." 1 Gracewood has been dramatically improved as part of Georgia's new mental health program. 2 This new elementary school exemplifies the 1,500 classrooms being built in Georgia each year. 3 The University has received a lion's share of the $176.5 million spent for college construction. 4 Like every other Georgia college, North Georgia has modern new buildings and first-rate equipment. 5 The new Executive Center will house Georgia's governors in elegance and taste. 6 Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College will combine formal education with the scientific, technical, and economic training vital to modern agriculture. 8 A MODERN GOVERNMENT FOR A MODERN PEOPLE How much is a dollar's worth of good government? As elusive as the answer might seem, the Sanders Administration speedily set itself to find out how the processes of government could move into computer-age efficiency. The Governor's Efficiency Commission found three major problems: a need for highly capable personnel; more long-range planning; and smoother interagency coordination. Department after department began to reorganize with computer-age techniques and modern training programs. Fiscal responsibility becomes a proud team effort. The Governor received enthusiastic support in transforming State Government into a model of efficiency. The Revenue Department's achievements were vital because, with more efficient management and modern machines, more money was collected to finance the State's essential services to the people. Data processing, modern equipment, and up-to-date computer personnel training enabled it to collect millions of dollars due, but previously never paid. The Sanders Administration collected more public funds at less cost, used them more effectively, and still could turn over a far greater cash balance to the next Governor and General Assembly than any other administration in Georgia's history. 1 Computers are now essential to State government. 2 Georgia State is a thriving urban university. 3 Our goal is a truly superior educational system. 4 New government buildings mean better services. The record of State revenue income during the Sanders years tells an impressive story: 1962-63 $445,747,368.18 1963-64 493,730,400.90 1964-65 551,507,758.81 1965-66 617,279,294.65 And State funds also drew interest of some $7,906,930 dollars over the four years. The Budget Bureau, of which the Governor is Director, guards the Georgia tax dollar and works for good management practices. Governor Sanders helped create the new bureau when he was a State Senator, and making it an effective tool for fiscal integrity will stand as one of his most enduring legacies to the people of Georgia. The Purchasing Department buys supplies costing in excess of fifty-million dollars each year, plus seven and one-half million dollars in construction contracts. Through rigidly competitive bidding and tighter staff organization, it has, for example: Saved in excess of $750,000 dollars on centerline highway paint alone; Furnished the Mental Health Institute for $61,000 dollars less than estimated; Saved $400,000 dollars on fertilizer costs below the 1962 level; Bought drugs for State institutions for $240,000 dollars less per year, and saved an additional $120,000 dollars per year by purchasing under yearly contracts; Bought air-conditioned State Patrol cars in 1966 for $1,760 dollars when eight years earlier the same model, without air conditioning, cost $1,825 dollars. Cost control became a reality in the Sanders Administration, and new and improved procedures saved the State untold hundreds of thousands of dollars. 11 Georgia's first Self-Insurance Program saved one and one-half million dollars in premium charges alone, and the reserve fund climbed $900,000 dollars in less than two years. The Merit System was extended. More than 6,000 additional State jobs were given Merit System coverage to help in attracting the brightest and best into government careers. Race, color and creed were eliminated by the Sanders Administration as conditions for employment in State Government. Georgia now leads the Nation in using data processing to select the best-qualified people for every department, and specialized training courses now help State employees develop new skills. State employees received pay raises exceeding $13,000,000 dollars. A State Computer Center was established to combine the computer operations of many smaller departments, thus reducing costs. The Georgia Youth Council now gives young Georgians a direct voice in their Government. Governor Sanders created the Council by Executive Order and persuaded the General Assembly to make it a statutory body. Through the Council, young people bring fresh insight and ideas to the issues confronting Georgia. A Summer Internship Program, started in 1966, brought able college students to work in State A Governor must meet the people: 1 Orphans at the Mansion for a Christmas party. 2 Reporters at the Democratic National Convention. 3 A Guard at the State Capitol. 4 Participants in the Governor's Honors Program. 5 Summer Interns in Georgia State Government. 6 Well-wishers at a businessmen's meeting. Government and to participate in over 50 seminars, where they heard and questioned government officials and other experts. Georgia's Cities, plagued with money problems, clogged by traffic congestion, and beset with other difficulties, got help at last. They were given their first recurring annual grants - $9.3 million dollars - equal to grants the counties had long had. More city relief included studies of traffic problems, and assistance in city planning. Governor Sanders sponsored and passed a Constitutional Amendment to permit financing of a rapid transit system. "Let us eliminate the old strife between rural and urban areas," said the Governor, "and move forward to benefit all Georgia." A U. S. Senator wrote: "In Georgia ... for the first time ... a Governor was elected who could also be responsive to the needs of urban and suburban (as well as rural) areas." And what of the future? Governor Sanders was intent on setting up plans for a long look ahead. Instead of leapfrogging from year to year and crisis to crisis, agencies now seek answers to the problems of 10, 15, and 20 years hence. Governor Sanders has recommended to the next Governor and General Assembly the creation of a Bureau of State Planning and Programming to coordinate these activities. The almost $140 million dollars that Governor Sanders has made available to the next Administration and General Assembly came from more efficient and economical operation of State Government, greater prosperity from industrial growth, improved personnel, fiscal integrity, and political stability. This is what good government should-and can - do for the people. This was the philosophicallegacy of governmental operation that Carl E. Sanders sought, and succeeded in leaving to the State's career employees. 13 EDUCATION FOR THE PEOPLE The Golden Key, the most meaningful educational award in the United States, was handed to Georgia's Governor, Carl E. Sanders, for his distinguished service to education. THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS Quality education was given top priority in the Sanders Administration. What has been achieved for elementary and secondary schools, educational television, vocational-technical schools, and for the University System has brought national acclaim to Georgia. Early in his Administration the Governor appointed a Commission to Improve Education, which made a six-month study resulting in numerous recommendations. "Frankly, I was appalled by their report," he said. Lay leaders and educators alike rallied behind him in launching the first annual Governor's Conference on Education. Out of this came the Master Plan for Education, the blueprint of educational promise and progress for Georgia's more than 1,100,000 school children. Almost two billion dollars ($1,929,036,000) was invested in the education and training of Georgians during the four years that Carl Sanders served as Chief Executive. Teaching salaries rose. Public school teachers received raises of $1,400 dollars per year, and Groundbreaking at Augusta College marks its elevation to four-year status. 2 Governor Sanders receives the Golden Key award. 3 ETV Station WCES serves 24 counties. 4 Vocational-technical students learn by doing. University System salaries increased 32.5 per cent. Educational television was put within reach of almost every school. Junior colleges were built. A tuition-free vocational-technical school is now accessible to every Georgian. The new Minimum Foundation Program for Education (MFPE) requires that local systems pay up to 20 per cent of school costs. The State Department of Education has been reorganized along functional lines. New staff members have been brought in, a number with earned doctorates. Research programs have been launched. Strengthened budgeting and accounting procedures for local systems have increased efficiency. A $125 million dollar school building program has been put in operation. A vitalized curriculum, deeper research, a better coordinated effort, administrators' seminars, a confident State Superintendent with fresh ideas about constant improvement, and a team approach to schools-and-standards all have given the Department a look of moving knowledgeably in new directions to educate Georgia children. The revised MFPE strengthened the power of the State Board of Education to set truly meaningful standards for Georgia's 1,929 schools in the 196 school systems. By the 1967-68 school year, Georgia's schools will be designated "standard" or "unclassified," thus providing meaningful measurements of quality. Governor Sanders backed permissive legislation allowing school systems to merge or share services across county lines. Georgia's excellent record of school consolidation was continued during this Administration with the merger of 183 more schools. Governor Sanders has financed more than twice as much in teacher raises as any other Governor in Georgia's history, while adding 10,000 new teachers to the rolls. When he came into office, the average teacher salary in 15 Georgia was $4,398 dollars; in 1966-67, it is $5,895 dollars, an increase which includes both a total of $1,400 dollars in raises and through the new index salary schedule gives higher ratings for experience and proficiency. His final raise totaled $500 dollars, effective September, 1966, the largest Georgia teachers have ever had. New legislation allows teachers to retire at 63 now instead of 65. During the Sanders years, nearly 4,000 teachers received $1,600,000 dollars for summer study. 96 per cent of Georgia's teachers have degrees, and every beginning teacher in Georgia must have a four-year degree. Future Teacher Scholarships have already put 500 talented teachers into Georgia classrooms, with a thousand more now preparing in Georgia colleges. Students can receive up to $1,000 dollars a year for college expenses if they plan to become teachers, and can cancel the debt by teaching in Georgia. Computer Technology in Georgia is used to record, verify, analyze, store, retrieve, and disseminate education information through an "instant information" data bank. The largest school building program in the State's history was established. By midway of the Sanders Administration, half of Georgia's students were going to new schools. Between January 1963 and January 1967, 3,168 new instructional units were built, and 2,722 additions made to existing school buildings. About 16 1,500 modern classrooms are now being built in Georgia every year. The Governor's Honors Program was established in 1964. Each year, 400 of the brightest juniors and seniors in Georgia high schools have been chosen to spend eight free weeks of creative learning at Wesleyan College with 40 able faculty members. The students come from every background and every part of Georgia. Seven ETV stations will have been put on the air during the Sanders Administration. With their completion, the eleven-station educational television network needs only one more station to provide complete Statewide coverage. In addition, a two-million dollar studio, located in Atlanta, will provide creative, imaginative programs for Georgia. During the Sanders Administration, nearly nine million dollars, a 670 per cent increase, has gone to educational television, making Georgia's network one of the nation's best. Practical vocational training has become a reality.Twenty-two of Georgia's twenty-four vocational technical schools have been opened, expanded, or financed during the Sanders Administration. Four of the six schools open in January of 1962 have been expanded, 15 new ones have been built (of which two have already been expanded), and 3 more are under construction. When all the schools are opened, there will be one in reach of every Georgian, and together they can train for fifty occupations. By 1970, more than 30,000 vo-tech graduates will be earning an estimated $180 million dollars annually in Georgia. By 1980, it is expected that 130,000 graduates will earn more than a billion dollars a year! Adult Basic Education by 1966 was opening doors of knowledge to more than 10,000 Georgians who did riot finish elementary school. The Georgia Educational Improvement Council, created in 1964, is a new approach to planning for the future of Georgia's public schools, colleges and universities, and vocational schools. How many students will there be in 1970? 19907 What should they be taught, how, and by whom? The Council is finding answers to these questions and others. School bus drivers were given their first twelvemonth salary under the Sanders Administration, and an additional raise in 1966. Vocational Rehabilitation in Georgia - which has ranked among the top five programs in the nation for 15 years - has rehabilitated 28,537 Georgians in these four years. Under Governor Sanders, this program has opened the Yarborough Rehabilitation Center at Milledgeville, evaluative centers at Gracewood and at the Alto institute for boys, halfway houses to help former mental patients get back to work, and an evaluation center at the School for the Deaf. At Warm Springs, a two-million dollar rehabilitation center was opened to help badly disabled Georgians learn how to support themselves. At the new center's opening, the National Rehabilitation Director sent the Governor a telegram. "We have come to expect miracles from Georgia," she said. The new Education Commission of the States received a boost when Governor Sanders became the first high State official to urge its creation. The Commission is now operating as an interstate sounding board and research center in education. Georgia became a member by Executive Order of the Governor. HIGHER EDUCATION This Administration has decisively helped the University System cope with burgeoning enrollments, expanding technology, knowledge 17 10 GEORGIANS WORKING TOGETHER 1 Milton Carlton-Scholarship Commission 2 Ed Swain-Merit System 3 Mrs. Mamie K. Taylor-Status of Women 4 Mrs. Bruce Schaefer-Family and Children's Services 5 Governor Carl E. Sanders 6 Mrs. Becky Garrett-Pardons and Paroles 7 Miss Carol Hart-Archives' 8 Jack Ray-Treasurer 9 Ben Fortson-Secretary of State 10 Ed Kendrick-Probation 11 Phil Campbell-Agriculture 12 William Jackson-Banking 13 lowell Conner-Public Safety 14 Ernest Davis-Auditor 15 Jimmy Bentley-Comptroller General 16 D. D. Barnard-Governor's Executive Secretary 17 Roscoe lowery-Workmen's Compensation 18 Bob Norman-Georgia Ports Authority 19 Henry Neal-Governor's legal Aide 20' John Harper-Governor's Press Secretary 21 Ray Shirley-Forestry Commission 22 Jack Nix-Education 23 Wistar Jay-Purchasing 24 Jake Claxton-Pardons and Paroles 25 Dr. A. S. Furcron-Mines, Mining, and Geology 26 George Hearn-Adjutant General 27 Pete Wheeler-Veterans Service 28 Jim Nutter-Industry and Trade 29 Dr. Jim Mauldin-Commission on Aging 30 George T. Smith-Speaker of the House 31 Wilson Wilkes-Budget 32 John Folger-librarian 33 Crawford Pilcher-Public Service 34 Hiram Undercofler-Revenue 35 Bob Richardson-Governor's Chief of Staff 36 Dr. Bill Collins-Efficiency Commission 37 Dr. George Simpson-Chancellor NOT PICTURED: Arthur Bolton-Attorney General Bill Bowdoin-Efficiency Commission W. O. Brooks-Pardons and Paroles R. H. Burson-Corrections Horace Caldwell-Parks John Davis-Recreation Commission W. F. Delamar-Retirement lamar Dodd-Art Walter Dyal-Appalachia Frank Edwards-legal Counsel Jack Ellard-House Clerk Peter Zack Geer-Lt. Governor Jim L. Gillis-Highway Ben T. Huiet-labor Mrs. Mary Jewett-Historical Commission Rosser Malone-Game and Fish Dr. Richard Rooney-Science and Technology Joseph Thornton-Office of Economic Opportunity Dr. John Venable-Public Health 19 explosions and a fierce competition with industry and other states for the best teachers. Four-year funds from all sources for the University System totaled $552.2 million dollars. Total building money reached the alltime high of $176.5 million dollars. State appropriations for building construction totaled $32 million more dollars in the four years of Carl Sanders than in the previous 31-yearhistory of the University System. For the first time the System had adequate space for its students. The University of Georgia Law School library received a million-dollar allotment for books, the largest appropriation of this type in the history of the State. New Junior and Senior Colleges were created. Brunswick Junior College, opened in 1964, was the first new junior college in six years. Others were subsequently approved for Albany, Gainesville, Kennesaw, Dalton, DeKalb, Clayton and Bibb counties and for West Metropolitan Atlanta. More are in the preliminary planning stage. Georgia Southwestern College, Armstrong State College, Augusta College, and Columbus College were raised to fouryear, degree-granting status. A new dental school was established at the Medical College in Augusta. . "I have always been in favor of the community college," said the Governor. "Every boy and girl in Georgia should have the opportunity for a college education, and it is my intention to make it possible." The University System average faculty salaries increased 32.5 per cent, moving from tenth place to fourth among the 13 Southern State Universities. Besides salary increases, 833 new faculty members strengthened the System. Low-interest educational loans administered by the Higher Education Assistance Corporation, an "Educational Bill of Rights" created by the Skilled technicians at work in one of the Health De partment's modern laboratories. Sanders Administration, now make it possible for any qualified Georgia student to go to college. Governor Sanders had a similar program put in the platform of the National Democratic Party, and it is now operating on a nationaI level. Tax relief for parents with sons and daughters in college came when the General Assembly enacted the Governor's proposal to allow another $60,0 dollar exemption on their State income taxes. "This," said Governor Sanders, "will give relief to thousands of hard-pressed Georgia parents who must undertake heavy financial burdens in sending their children through college." In summary, the Governor believes that a college education is no longer a luxury but a necessity. He wants Georgians educated to cope with the staggering problems of a swiftlychanging world. The record-shattering accomplishments of this Administration are the foundation upon which we must now construct a thoroughly superior educational system. 20 SERVICES FOR THE PEOPLE The Family and Children Services Department, renamed under Governor Sanders, eliminated the old "dole" concept. Family ties were strengthened. People were encouraged to stand on their own feet, but the helpless became aware of a new and thoughtful concern for their human worth and dignity. A new professionalism and pride ran through Department personnel. Lay leaders in Georgia's 159 counties came to meetings, served on boards, and joined the professionals in sounder planning. A Policy Committee and a State Advisory Board were established. A Division for Children and Youth was created. Six Regional Youth Centers were established to keep Georgia children out of adult jails and prisons. For the first time Court Service Workers in each of Georgia's forty judicial circuits help with the problems of children. Progress in the youth program included a 112 per cent increase in the number of children helped; an 82 per cent increase in those receiving foster care; and a 209 per cent increase in those helped in their own homes. The Department also began moving 1,200 non-psychotic aging people out of Milledgeville State Hospital into local nursing homes. The first Vendor Drug Program for the aged and needy was initiated. Programs for medical assistance in hospitals and nursing home care were greatly expanded. Streamlined efficiency has created realistic programs of services. Social workers hired now must have four years of college and must keep moving toward increasing professional skills and knowledge. Case workers, whose load in Aid to Families with Dependent Children was once approximately 300, expect to meet Fed- eral requirements of only 60 by July 1, 1967. The Commission on Aging's budget, a combination of State and Federal funds, was multiplied 400 per cent during the Sanders Administration. As a result, staff has doubled, and travel, publicity and promotion have led to community programs for older citizens. Our State ranks second in the Nation in providing such facilities as nursing homes, public housing, and church-sponsored homes. Communities have been assisted in organizing councils on aging to survey resources and needs, and to set up or expand services. A Commission on the Status of Women was created by Governor Sanders to provide a forum for discussion of the problems and role of women. The Commission successfully recommended changes in education, legal practices, and employment policies. In addition, Governor Sanders brought an unprecedented number of women into state government. Said the Governor : "We are going to give Georgia women a new, dynamic and welldeserved place in society." The Veterans' Service Department is already helping Georgia's men in Vietnam. Under Governor Sanders' legislative program, Georgians fighting in Vietnam are exempted from State income tax, and in addition will have free drivers license privileges. Construction of one of the Nation's first Veterans' Nursing Homes in Augusta, expansion of the Georgia War Veterans' Home at Milledgeville, and a new VA Hospital in Atlanta provide additional hospital beds for the State's disabled veterans. The Governor signed a bill giving free fishing licenses to permanently disabled veterans. In addition, all field managers of the Veterans Service Department were placed under the State Merit System. 21 The Governor visited Vietnam in 1965 to see Georgia's future veterans. He was one of ten members of the National Governors Conference Executive Committee, who made the trip at the State Department's request. While there, he saw many Georgia boys, brought messages from their families, and gave them assurance that their State was proudly supporting them. A World War II veteran himself, the Governor came back more convinced than ever that Americans must support our Nation's position in Vietnam. He firmly supported "Affirmation Vietnam," a program planned by college students and attended by thousands, including Georgiaborn Secretary of State Dean Rusk. Governor Sanders' visit to Vietnam was the first time a Georgia governor had made direct contact with Georgia boys on a battlefield since 1915. On the same trip, Governor Sanders visited Japan, where he talked to business leaders and with Emperor Hirohito about international trade, increasingly important to Georgia. To promote greater world trade for Georgia, the Governor also visited Europe where he dedicated the new Netherlands plant of a Georgia-based firm. The Comptroller General's office has been thoroughly reorganized during this Administration. Job classifications, salary adjustments, 1 On his trip to Southeast Asia, Governor Sanders stopped in Vietnam to visit Georgia troops. 2 While in Japan, the Governor met several prefectual governors and visited Japanese schools. 3 A cold rain did not dampen enthusiasm at "Affirmation Vietnam" ceremonies in Atlanta Stadium. revised records systems, superVISIOn of small loan companies, creation of a seven-man arson division, and development of a professional safety education staff are among the accomplishments of this Department. With money from the Governor's Emergency Fund, all of Milledgeville Hospital's buildings for the first time met fire safety standards. The Water Quality Control Board, established by Governor Sanders, now gives Georgia the legal and scientific means to insure adequate water resources for future generations. Georgia's Health Department has been reorganized during the Sanders Administration. A new Health Code has been adopted, and veterinary medicine and cities were given representation on the Health Board. The Department has adopted a new policy of helping communities solve their problems locally rather than depending on one central State agency. Since 1962, over $25 million dollars has been spent for direct care in the State's 38 health districts covering all 159 counties. Improvements includes 23 new or modernized public health centers and twentyone local clinics for early discovery and treatment of cancer. The Health Department has also developed new programs to deal with chronic illness and problems of the aging, heart and blood vessel disorders, venereal disease, and tuberculosis. Air pollution studies and environmental health planning surveys have been carried out for both urban and rural communities. The school health service, the service for crippled children, and the maternal and child health service have been expanded. And the Sanders Administration has added 3,809 beds to hospitals and other medical facilities all over the State at a total cost of $96,775,537.39 dollars. 23 MENTAL HEALTH Georgia's mental health programs are founded on the belief that man's mind and body must be treated together. This area of prime concern for all Georgians received an unprecedented 68 per cent budget increase to accompany imaginative ideas for helping troubled Georgians. Patients are being transferred from the mammoth State Hospital in Milledgeville into new regional centers throughout the State. Programs have been set up to train urgentlyneeded professional people. All mental health programs are being coordinated according to a two-decade plan drawn up by a professional team working with hundreds of concerned citizens in local communities. Some of the achievements already recorded under this plan are: Decentralization of the mental health program, including renovation of centers in Thomasville and Bainbridge, construction of new hospitals in Augusta and Atlanta, and future construction of regional hospitals in Savannah, Columbus and Rome. The $15-million-dollar Georgia Mental Health Institute designed to train the professionals needed in Georgia's expanding mental health facilities and to provide badlyneeded research programs. Expansion of Gracewood, including more money, new buildings, more psychiatric 1 Personal attention at Gracewood. 2 Basic education at Reidsville. 3 Nurses at Milledgeville. 4 Georgia's new Mental Health Institute. help, and a rehabilitation center to help the trainable get jobs. Approval and construction of the $20 million dollar, 1,000-bed Georgia Retardation Center in DeKalb County. Expenditure of over $15 million dollars on buildings and renovation at Milledgeville. Reduction of the average patient's stay in Milledgeville to less than three months. A ten per cent increase in staff salaries. An out-patient clinic at Milledgeville. Creation of community mental health programs designed to provide for the mentally ill and educate the community in how to help the mentally troubled, the alcoholic, the retarded, the delinquent, and others who need help and hope. The Governor, whose Administration has put more money into mental health programs than any other, stated: "The people of Georgia have not been content merely to talk about these problems that confronted their State. They have acted, and all across Georgia we see the results." 24 PROTECTION FOR THE PEOPLE Georgia's first Police Academy, a million dollar institution, was opened in 1966, providing instruction in the most up-to-date police techniques to Georgia's thousands of law enforcement officers. The fee system and speed traps were eliminated. For the first time in twenty years Georgia received a "clean" rating from the American Automobile Association. The Department of Public Safety has added nearly 100 troopers since January, 1963. Working conditions have been improved vastly, salaries have been increased, troopers have been placed on a five-day work week and patrol cars have been marked and air-conditioned. In addition: 17 new patrol barracks were provided. The merit system was introduced. The Driver's License Division got new quarters and automatic filing to implement a full color photograph license program. The G. B. I. was reorganized and a modern electronic filing system was installed. The State Auto Theft Squad was established and immediately reduced car thefts. The Patrol joined the Law Enforcement Teletype System, linking Georgia with every other state in the Union. Georgia is one of the first states to Jom in a national computer hook-up to allow instant access to crime information. Georgia's prisons were examined by the Efficiency Commission, and eleven penal reform measures were enacted into law by the Sanders Administration. A whole philosophy of rehabilitation of convicted persons, whenever possible, was instituted. The staff was put under the merit system. Evaluation centers were established, and vocational training classes were started. A prison industry program was set up to train inmates, and to provide tax-supported institutions with products. Separation was increased, young from old, first offenders from hardened oldtimers, felonies from misdemeanants. A recreation program, better libraries, religious counseling, and group therapy were added. Rehabilitation services and pre-release programs give prisoners helpful information on jobs, legal problems, health, hygiene, money management and social and family relationships. In 1963, the Governor made available twoand-one-half million dollars for construction all over the system, and in 1964, he sponsored an $8 million dollar program for a classification and diagnostic center and a maximum security prison which are now under construction. Georgia's prison system has become truly correctional, not just custodial and punitive. The Probation System has been changed, too. The enlightened use of probation for young or first offenders is an effective, economical and humane adjunct to penal reform. Probation System salaries were given their first reorganization since the system was created in 1956. The staff was given professional recognition while maximum case loads went down from 600 to 250, and the average from 200 to 150. 25 NATURAL RESOURCES Our prosperity and comfort depend in large measure upon our natural resources. Governor Sanders has said: "Preserve the beauty; develop the value; conserve the natural resources for Georgians now, Georgians to come." The Governor took legislative action to protect the beauty of Georgia's highways and parks. Georgia's Department of Agriculture was the Nation's first. Since its creation in 1874, agriculture has been transformed into a highly automated big business. The Department's responsibilities include consumer protection through such activities as inspection of meat and dairy products, which have doubled since 1963. In addition to research services and new technological data, the farmer is protected from bad seeds or fertilizers, pests like fire ants, and epidemics like animal tuberculosis. Commodity promotion helps sell Georgia products, and the Sanders Administration has vigorously promoted Georgia's agriculture. Success is shown by the fact that farm income in Georgia amounted to $995,632,000 dollars in 1965, up by $89 million dollars over 1964 and certain to top a billion dollars in 1966. ' 1 Hunters from across the Nation find abundant game in Georgia fields and forests. 2 Thousands of hunters and non-hunters enjoy the peace and beauty of weekends out-of-doors. 3 S.parkling streams criss-cross the State, and proVide pleasure and sport for all Georgians. 4 Agriculture, uSing new technology and scientific discovery. is vital to Georgia's prosperity. 5 Forest rangers and their equipment maintain a 24hour-a-day vigil in protecting our woods. The Department of Mines, Mining and Geology searches for Georgia's mineral wealth, and protects it from exploitation. A $188,000 dollar mineral survey of South Georgia conducted by the Administration has uncovered extensive phosphate deposits-the basis for a potential multi-million dollar industry. The Georgia Forestry Commission protects our billion-dollar woods. Its employees, recently placed under the merit system, concern themselves with fire protection, seedlings, better timber, and marketing. Georgia leads the Nation in growing superior timber, and surpasses all of our neighbors in protecting our forests. The timber improvement program has increased by 300 per cent in four years, and new facilities are springing up all over the State. The reorganized Game and Fish Commission with a million dollar budget increase now has longrange plans and projects which include high school conservation courses, greatly increased public hunting and fishing areas, more than 200 new fishing ramps, eight fish hatcheries, and a large personnel increase. In 1965, the first stocked public fishing area was opened in McDuffie County. Passage of a law limiting landowner's liability for accidents helped open hundreds of thousands of new acres to Georgia sportsmen. Under Governor Sanders a long-overdue license increase made ~unds available for the greatly expanded servIce program. Georgia's park business has boomed phenomenally in the last four years. In 1962, the 43 parks had 3,546,018 visitors. In 1966, the total was 6,003,477 -a 69 per cent increase. To meet and promote the growth in park usage, the Parks Department was reorganized. Under Governor Sanders over eleven million dollars ($11,623,263) for operating costs and 27 for new facilities such as shelters, camp grounds, cottages, and golf courses has made our parks big, bright and beautiful. Tourists flocked to Georgia. Stone Mountain and Jekyll Island, operated by independent authorities, have been fully developed. Six Welcome Centers became operational during the Sanders Administration, representing a total investment of $280,000 dollars, and accommodating almost half-a-million visitors in 1965 alone. Together with the State Parks they lure hundreds of thousands of tourists. Tourist and traveler expenditures in 1965 jumped a record eleven per cent. Travel service firms added 2,020 new employees, and travel contributed about $35.4 million dollars in State tax revenue in 1965. The travel and tourist industry has become a billion-dollar business. Georgia's Recreation Commission was set up under the Sanders Administration to help local communities help themselves in meeting the recreation needs of their citizens. "There's nothing to do," has become a teenage wail and a grown-up lament. As an advisory agency, the Recreation Commission has prepared recreational appraisals which have resulted in full-time recreation programs in many Georgia cities and counties. The Commission has also served the State's public, private and commercial recreation organizations with personnel services, publications, field trips, surveys and reports. 1 Georgia beaches are a child's paradise. 2 Modern facilities attract conventions. 3 Mountains are for swimmers, too. 4 Vacationers search for sea-treasures. 5 The Carillon is only one of Stone Mountain's lures. INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT The key to Georgia's growing economic prosperity is to be found in her rapid, wide spread industrial growth and diversification. Georgia has been cited by industrial realtors as having the best industrial development program in the United States and Canada. They had plenty of evidence to support their choice: Construction expenditures have topped the billion-dollar mark for three straight years. A billion dollars worth of new and expanded industries has located in Georgia during the Sanders Administration. The personal income of Georgia citizens has risen by over two billion dollars. Nearly a thousand new and expanded industries and businesses have added some 200,000 new jobs in Georgia. Unemployment during the Sanders Administration was one-third less than the national average. Employment has set a record. One significant contributor to our industrial success has been unprecedented efficiency and cooperation in governmental agencies. Governor Sanders directed the Department of Industry and Trade to make long-range, farreaching plans to attract new industries. This Department now provides comprehensive urban planning assistance to cities and counties. Local area development and planning commissions cover most of Georgia. These agencies provide potential industries with advice, with manpower, and with facts about climate, resources, labor availability, taxes, airports and other information. As a result, most of the Nation's big industrial and business organizations now have branches, warehouses or centers of operation in Georgia. 29 Dedications of new community airports were a common occurrence during the Sanders Administration. The Georgia Science and Technology Commission, created during the Sanders Administration, is laying the foundation for a new oceanographic center. A seven-month research and planning program, to be continued by a $10,000 dollar allocation from the Governor's Emergency Fund, will help Georgia develop a multi-million dollar industry, and may attract the $10 million dollar Federal Atlantic Coast Oceanographic Laboratory. Airports go hand in glove with modern industry, and two-thirds of the paved airports in Georgia were constructed during the Administration of Governor Carl E. Sanders. Georgia has led the Nation for two straight years in airport construction. Governor Sanders, himself a skilled pilot, said, "I know that aviation-oriented industries will lead the way in Georgia's economic boom." Manpower training is being encouraged to lay the foundation for future growth. A Personalized Engineering Program (PEP) offers the, specific training that prospective industry requires. This imaginative program has been described as "one of the Sanders Administration's most successful industrial ventures." Georgia's highways, streets and roads have received $750 million dollars under the Sanders Administration. This is more than has been provided by any other administration. The Highway Department was reorganized and placed under the merit system. A 10-membel' Constitutional Board was created to supervise its activities and to select the Highway Director. The Board's first move was to make sound plans for Georgia's present and future road-building needs. It also placed most employees under the merit system. Reorganization, efficiency, and record-breaking roadbuilding have been the hallmarks of Georgia's Highway Department under the Sanders Administration. Planning, computers and other electronic aids, and such new management techniques as the "Critical Path Method" now move highways ahead in Georgia. Opening Interstate 75 to Florida and the Downtown Connector in Atlanta-the largest 1 Towering new buildings are changing the face-and the heart-of Georgia's growing cities. 2 Georgia airports can handle anything from private planes to this giant Lockheed transport. 3 Crowded parking lots symbolize the new prosperity of Georgia's industrial employees. 4 Busy textile mills, spinning endless miles of thread, bring prosperity to Georgia. 5 Mammoth interchanges are one of the luxuries-and the confusions-of modern Georgia living. 30 interchange in the South-are only two of the major achievements of this Administration. More than half of Georgia's highway construction program has been concentrated on the State's 1,105-mile share of ten Interstate highways. Georgia ranks high nationally in Interstate mileage under construction. The Department's maintenance division has been upgraded through modern technology and research. Typical examples of this "new look" in highway maintenance are use of raised reflective pavement markings for better visibility and use of new materials and techniques for road repair and sign refurbishing. Five ports serve Georgia. Georgians are growing more port-minded. Products that affect every county in Georgia come and go through these ports and bring one million dollars a day into Georgia's economy. In 1963, the final phase of an $11.5 million dollar expansion program was completed, giving the Georgia Ports Authority a total of 22 deepwater berths. Under Governor Sanders' leadership the GPA is engaged in another major expansion program, including a $5,100,000 dollar expenditure at Savannah's Ocean Terminal, and a $1,600,000 dollar building program at Brunswick. Georgia's five port systems are indispensable to our industrial diversification and personal prosperity. 1 Georgia's Lockheed plant contributes its share to a jet-age America-and to Georgia's economy. 2 Oil and gasoline storage facilities are one aspect of Georgia's industrial diversification. 3 Bigger and better road-building machinery means finer highways for all Georgians. 4 New highways and bridges provide quicker transportation for industry, tourists, and travellers. 5 Heavy industries such as this steel mill generate employment and prosperity for thousands. 6 Interstate highways will soon connect all Georgia. 33 GEORGIA AND THE NATION As Chief Executive, Governor Carl E. Sanders has been the representative of Georgia to the Nation. In this capacity he has attended many national and regional conferences, discussed State affairs with representatives of national magazines, newspapers, radio and television networks, testified at Congressional hearings, and has met with innumerable businessmen and industrial leaders investigating investment opportunities in Georgia. During the Sanders Administration, Georgia has entered a new era of growth with national attention and respect. A heightened national reputation has brought with it leadership in many fields, as well as many material benefits. During the last four years Georgia has truly become the Empire State of the South. Governor Sanders has worked with rra"y national fIgures, inc IJdi'1g the SOL.thern Governors, Adla, Stevenson, Dean Rusk, John F. Ke"nedy Lyrdon Johnson, and Billy Graham 34 GEORGIA'S CULTURAL HERITAGE Georgia's new 17-story Archives Building has received national attention and praise. State records are now safe from accident or decay. 119 counties have had their old records laminated, bound, filmed and returned at no cost to the county. Visitors to this research center have doubled since it was opened, and the Archives staff has increased 100 per cent. An experienced writer has been added to gather executive documents and prepare them for preservation. The Georgia Historical Commission, aided by $453,000 dollars from the Governor's Emergency Fund, has opened Fort McAllister near Richmond Hill and Eagle Tavern near Watkinsville, renovated the Mackay House in Augusta, and established a gold museum in the renovated Dahlonega Courthouse, a Confederate Naval Museum in Columbus, the Fort Jackson Maritime Museum in Savannah and a museum at Fort King George. The new "Executive Center," a home for Georgia's governors, is one of the finest in the Nation. In addition to conference and guest rooms, it will have two formal gardens and a marble pool. Mrs. Carl Sanders painted 25 scenes for a traveling exhibit entitled "Portrait of Georgia" to raise money for a marble fountain, and a distinguished advisory committee was appointed to ensure that the Center will be furnished to reflect Georgia's rich heritage. The Georgia Art Commission, created in 1964, received strong support and was authorized to administer Federal arts and humanities funds. Fine Arts Centers were established on campuses throughout Georgia. The Governor appointed an Advisory Committee in 1966 to develop the visual and performing arts. The State Archives Building, designed to protect official documents, is a study in grace and efficiency. AND NOW THE FOUR YEARS END An appreciative Georgian has said: "He has had it all now, the hopes and the heartache, the successes and the setbacks that come to governors. But mostly, his has been a success story - success for Georgia, and not just for him. This State will feel forever the impact of these four years." One Georgia newspaper editor, writing of the Governor's relaxed talk to young Georgians at the Governor's Honors Program, chose the adjective "uncalcified" to describe him, and said that he goes to an "earned future." Looking back at the unprecedented progress of his Administration, Carl E. Sanders, 74th Governor of Georgia, explains his success simply as: "Georgians working together." 36 "Today we are in the midst of whirlwinds of change. New technology, new needs, and new institutions are battering at our old institutions and our old ways of life. Like an oak tree, our government, our economy, and our society must bend and adapt to these new forces, or they will eventually be uprooted and cast down."