July 2008 volume 24 number 07 Cancer Georgia Comprehensive Cancer Registry (GCCR) The Georgia Comprehensive Cancer Registry (GCCR) is a statewide population-based cancer database on all cancer cases diagnosed among Georgia residents since January 1, 1995. This information furthers our understanding of cancer and is used to develop strategies and policies for prevention, control, and treatment. These state level data allow health researchers to identify cancer risk factors by analyzing geographic, racial, and other differences among cases. The data also help to determine where early detection, educational, or other programs should be directed. GCCR is a participant in the National Program for Cancer Registries (NPCR) that was established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 1992 through the Federal Cancer Registry Amendment Act (Public Law 102-515). The goals of the GCCR are: To collect information on all newly diagnosed cancer cases in Georgia. To calculate cancer incidence rates for the state of Georgia. To make data available to the public and health care professionals. To identify and evaluate cancer incidence and mortality trends on an ongoing basis. To provide cancer incidence and mortality data to cancer control programs to assist in developing prevention strategies and evaluating their effectiveness. To stimulate cancer control research. Cancer Mortality Leading Causes of dDeeaatthh iinn GGeeoorrggiiaa,, 22000011--22000055 Diabet es 2% Pneumonia and Influenza 2% Chronic Respiratory Disease 5% Unintentional Injury 5% St ro k e 6% Heart Disease 26% Cancer 21% Ot her 31% Lung and Bronchus 30% Colon and Rectum 9% Breast 8% P ro st at e 5% Other Cancers 48% Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Georgia. Nearly two-thirds of cancer deaths can be linked to modifiable risk factors such as tobacco use, diet, obesity, and lack of physical activity. The burden of cancer can be significantly reduced by appropriate use of mammography, colorectal screening, and by other early detection examinations and by preventing or quiting tobacco use, improving diet, and increasing physical activity. The Georgia Epidemiology Report Via E-Mail To better serve our readers, we would like to know if you would prefer to receive the GER by e-mail as a readable PDF file. If yes, please send your name and e-mail address to Gaepinfo@dhr.state.ga.us. | Please visit, http://health.state.ga.us/epi/manuals/ger.asp for all current and past pdf issues of the GER. Cancer Incidence in Georgia During 2001-2005, an annual average of 35,537 cancer cases were diagnosed in Georgia. Breast, lung and bronchus, and colon and rectum cancers account for 55% of all new cancer cases among females in Georgia. Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer incidence among females in Georgia. Prostate, lung and bronchus, and colon and rectum cancers account for 56% of all new cancer cases among males in Georgia. Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer incidence among males in Georgia. Age-adjusted Cancer Incidence Rates by County, Georgia, 2001-2005 Rate is Significantly Higher than the State Average No Significant Difference from the State Average Rate is Significantly Lower than the State Average Age-adjusted Cancer Incidence Rates by Race and Sex, Georgia Vs. United States, 2001-2005 Rate per 100,000 800 653 636636 600 567 557 557 400 200 0 BlaBclkacMk ales WhWitehMiteales Males Males 375 393090 BBllaacckk FFeemmaalleess Georgia United States Black males in Georgia are 15% more likely to be diagnosed with cancer 411 424323 than white males. White females are 9% more likely to be diagnosed with cancer than black females. In Georgia, males are 45% more likely to be diagnosed with cancer than females. WWhhiittee FFeemmaalleess Division of Public Health http://health.state.ga.us S. Elizabeth Ford, M.D., M.B.A., F.A.A.P. Acting Director State Health Officer Martha N. Okafor, Ph.D. Deputy Director, Health Information, Policy, Strategy & Accountability John M. Horan, M.D., M.P.H. State Epidemiologist Director, Epidemiology Section http://health.state.ga.us/epi Georgia Epidemiology Report Editorial Board Carol A. Hoban, M.S., M.P.H. Editor Kathryn E. Arnold, M.D. Cherie Drenzek, D.V.M., M.S. John M. Horan, M.D., M.P.H. S. Elizabeth Ford, M.D., M.B.A., F.A.A.P. Angela Alexander - Mailing List Jimmy Clanton, Jr. - Designer -2 - Georgia Department of Human Resources Division of Public Health Two Peachtree St., N.W. Atlanta, GA 30303-3186 Phone: (404) 657-2588 Fax: (404) 657-7517 Please send comments to: gaepinfo@dhr.state.ga.us Leading Causes of Cancer Incidence in Georgia Age-adjusted Cancer Incidence Rates, Males, Georgia Vs. United States, 2001-2005 Age-adjusted Cancer Incidence Rates, Females, Georgia Vs. United States, 2001-2005 Prostate Lung and Bronchus Colorectal Bladder incl In Situ Melanoma Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Kidney and Renal Pelvis Oral Cavity Leukemia Pancreas 0 Georgia United States 50 100 150 200 Rate Per 100,000 Breasstt LLung aanndd BBronchuss CCoolloonnaanndd RReecctttuumm UUtteerriinnee CCoorrppuuss MMeellaannoommaa NNono-nH-HooddggkkininLLyymmpphhoommaa OOvvaarryy TThhyyrrooiidd GGeeorgiaa UUnniitteed Staatteess PPaannccrreeaass KKiiddnneeyy aanndd RReennaallPPeellvviiss 00 2200 4400 6600 8800 110000 112200 114400 116600 Rate Per 100, 000 Rate Per 100,000 Cancer Incidence Among Males The annual age-adjusted cancer incidence rate for males in Georgia is 571.7 per 100,000. Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer among Georgia males and accounts for 28% of all new cancer cases among males each year. Prostate and lung and bronchus cancer incidence rates are higher among Georgia males than among U.S. males. The incidence rate for bladder cancer is lower among Georgia males than the U.S. males. Cancer Incidence Among Females The annual age-adjusted cancer incidence rate for females in Georgia is 395.1 per 100,000. Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer among Georgia females and accounts for 31% of all new cancer cases among females each year. The incidence rates for breast, lung and bronchus, colorectal, and uterine cancer are lower among Georgia females than U.S. females. Who Is At Risk For Developing Cancer? Everyone. Since the occurrence of cancer increases as individuals' age, most cancers affect adults who are middle-aged or older. In the U.S., males have a 1 in 2 lifetime risk of developing cancer. Females have a 1 in 3 lifetime risk. 2008 Cancer Estimates In 2008, at least 35,600 new cancer cases will be diagnosed among Georgians, about 97 cases per day. More than 14,400 Georgians will die of cancer during 2008. Estimated Cost In Georgia, cancer costs during 2004 were approximately $4.6 billion: $1.7 billion for direct medical costs, $406 million for indirect morbidity costs, and $2.5 billion for indirect mortality costs. This article was written by A. Rana Bayakly, M.P.H., Director Georgia Comprehensive Cancer Registry Editor's Note: The Reported Cases of Selected Notifiable Diseases in Georgia, Profile* for February 2008 was incorrectly displayed in the June 2008 issue of the GER. The Profile was for March 2008, not February 2008. We apologize for any confusion this error may have caused. -3 - The Georgia Epidemiology Report Epidemiology Branch Two Peachtree St., NW Atlanta, GA 30303-3186 PRESORTED STANDARD U.S. POSTAGE PAID ATLANTA, GA PERMIT NO. 4528 July 2008 Volume24Number07 Reported Cases of Selected Notifiable Diseases in Georgia, Profile* for April 2008 Selected Notifiable Diseases Campylobacteriosis Chlamydia trachomatis Cryptosporidiosis E. coli O157:H7 Giardiasis Gonorrhea Haemophilus influenzae (invasive) Hepatitis A (acute) Hepatitis B (acute) Legionellosis Lyme Disease Meningococcal Disease (invasive) Mumps Pertussis Rubella Salmonellosis Shigellosis Syphilis - Primary Syphilis - Secondary Syphilis - Early Latent Syphilis - Other** Syphilis - Congenital Tuberculosis Total Reported for April 2008 2008 52 82 22 2 31 25 11 5 4 1 2 3 0 0 0 123 116 6 34 22 90 1 37 Previous 3 Months Total Ending in April 2006 2007 2008 140 131 134 10025 11140 4493 42 32 62 8 5 3 139 140 116 4659 4349 1531 36 38 42 12 14 12 47 34 23 1 11 7 0 0 2 8 4 7 1 0 0 5 2 3 0 0 0 189 273 254 194 254 305 33 18 22 97 121 143 88 116 83 271 281 281 4 3 2 131 129 106 Previous 12 Months Total Ending in April 2006 2007 2008 618 580 693 35921 41584 36002 175 271 269 33 41 45 701 690 666 17322 19903 14844 107 125 139 104 67 59 172 187 141 36 49 40 6 7 13 20 18 25 2 3 0 43 28 15 0 0 0 1929 1948 1985 787 1479 1711 137 107 101 495 515 607 397 422 398 1005 1042 1185 7 9 9 511 516 459 * The cumulative numbers in the above table reflect the date the disease was first diagnosed rather than the date the report was received at the state office, and therefore are subject to change over time due to late reporting. The 3 month delay in the disease profile for a given month is designed to minimize any changes that may occur. This method of summarizing data is expected to provide a better overall measure of disease trends and patterns in Georgia. ** Other syphilis includes latent (unknown duration), late latent, late with symptomatic manifestations, and neurosyphilis. AIDS Profile Update Report Period Latest 12 Months Disease Total Cases Reported* Classification <13yrs >=13yrs Total HIV, non-AIDS 25 2,867 2,892 Percent Female MSM 27 23 Risk Group Distribution % IDU MSM&IDU HS Unknown Perinatal White 2 1 5 68 1 20 Race Distribution % Black Hispanic Other 73 3 3 6/07-5/08 AIDS 8 1,894 1,902 28 29 3 1 8 59 <1 19 74 5 <1 Five Years Ago:** HIV, non-AIDS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6/03-5/04 AIDS 8 1,945 1,953 29 35 7 2 16 38 <1 19 74 5 <1 Cumulative: HIV, non-AIDS 220 11,723 11,943 32 27 6 2 11 52 2 21 74 4 2 07/81-5/08 AIDS 241 32,622 32,863 20 43 14 5 14 22 1 30 66 3 1 Yrs - Age at diagnosis in years MSM - Men having sex with men IDU - Injection drug users HS - Heterosexual * Case totals are accumulated by date of report to the Epidemiology Section ** Due to a change in the surveillance system, case counts may be artificially low during this time period ***HIV, non-AIDS was not collected until 12/31/2003 - 4 -