Somehow the beauty of old mills such as the one on the back page will never lose their appeal. This mill is at Lee's Lake near Fayetteville. It has been a favorite fishing and boating sight for hundreds of Georgians for many years. (Photo by Joe Stearns.) Page Why You MUST Vote August 3rd 2 Hunting Season on Deck 3 Georgia's Mineral Production 4-5 Captain Garland Peyton Harmless Puffing Adder __ 7 There Is No Substitute For the Great Outdoors 8 R. Ward Harrison State Forester Points Out Great Value Of Georgia's Important Woodlands _ 9 What Will Be Found Three Miles Under the Ocean Joe Stearns 10- 11 Wildlife Tidbits ..13 You Tell 'Em. .13 Joe Stearns Ranging Around the States _ .14 Ladies ... Here's a Reason Why You Won't Have Nylon Hose Until After the War 15 The Mail Box 17 1943 Fishing Schedule ..J 9 Why You MST OTE August 3rd American boys who were your neighbors a few years ago, some of them serving you in grocery stores as clerks, reporters, bake , salesmen, lawyers, doctors, and men from all walks of life, today are fighting in far-flung corners of the globe, that our American way of life will survive. Flying Fortresses roar over enemy territory piloted and manned by red-blooded Americans whose sharp eyes ever look downward for enemy targets. Battleships ride the waves, tanks rumble over rough terrain with guns blazing, and the sands of many beaches have been stained with the blood of our fighting men. The fight will continue until the enemy waves the white flag in token of complete surrender. Our relentless war, the sacrifice of lives, the bursting of bombs and the sharp report of guns as they hurl huge shells into enemy territory is not without a purpose. America is fighting for her rights, her rights to live in peace, to enjoy freedom and justice, and to have a voice in our Government. That voice in our government is our inalienable privilege to vote. August 3 is the next voting day in Georgia. Once again, Americans will go to the polls to speak for what they want and what they don't want. Sportsmen have for years asked for a non-political wildlife program. In answer to this demand, the last general assembly created by law a State Game and Fish Commission, made up of eleven Commissioners who work without pay. These men represent the hunters, farmers, sportsmen and fishermen of our state. The Commissioners, who receive no compensation for their work, sacrifice time from their business and often spend their own money in an effort to give Georgia a wildlife program that is designed to place us among the leading states in America. That program already is well under way. The last general assembly also passed a resolution which permits the people of Georgia to go to the polls and express themselves on this state's wildlife future. The people will decide at the polls whether or not a non-political wildlife program will exist in Georgia. If the people vote for a Commission form of wildlife government, it will be written into the State Constitution as an amendment. The state believes it has the answer to Georgia's wildlife problems in this Constitutional amendment and the case is now in the hands of the voters. If you like it-vote, and if you don't like it-vote! One way or the other-go to the polls and vote. That is the American way of getting things done. When the curtain has been drawn on the theater of war, we want our boys to have something to come back home to. Most of them are fishermen and hunters and we want them to find vastly improved game and fish conditions when they take their dogs into the fields or once ::Igain visit those favorite fishing holes. Through the untiring efforts of the Commission, Georgia has received Pittman-Robertson funds. This means thousands of dollars will be spent to greatly improve Georgia wildlife. Wildlife Rangers are patrolling the fields and streams that our game and fish might be given a chance to flourish and not fall into the hands of willful violators. America is the land of plenty. The State Game and Fish Commission is driving ever forward with the intention that Georgia's wildlife shall be unsurpassed in this great land of plenty. Speak up voters! August 3rd is the date. AUGUST, 1943 Volume XII, No. I JOE L. STEARNS, Editor Published monthly by The Geor~ia Game and Fish Commission, 414 State Capitol, Atlanta, Ga., in the interest of Geor"ia wildlife and for fishermen, bunters, nature lovers and conservation of natural resources. Yearly subscriptions to United States and its possessions, and Canada, $1; other countrie., $1.50. Subscribers must notify us of chan"e of address four weeks in advance of next publication date, giving both" old. and new address. Contents of this maltazine may be reprinted if due credit is given Outdoor Georgia and author of stories reprinted. This, ma2az.ine is gls.d to receive photos, drawings, stories and articles dealing with outdoor subiects, but cannot guarantee retu..rn of. uosoli'citea contributions nor insure against their loss. Contributions not accompanied by sufficient postage will not be returned. Enterl.d as 2nd class matter AUlr.1st 31, 1940, at the post office at Atlanta, under the Act of March S, 1879. WILLIAMS PTG. CO. ATLANTA fl.W\~ g~Oft on QJeeh. Licenses Now On Sale ... Rationing May Be Answer To Shell Problem I T WAS said, "Prosperity is just around the corner." At one time, few of us were willing to wager anything more than an Indian head that this statement contained any truth. But, you can bet your rationing card that the hunting season is just around the corner and sho 'nuff, it is a short block. The squirrel season opens in certain counties come August 1. Your Game & Fish Commission does not encourage the hunting of squirrels this early since most of the animals have 'wolves' and are unfit for the table. Wait until late in August or perhaps early in September before cracking down on the squirreL and you will be rewarded in many ways. Get Your License It is time to buy that hunting license. The big reason is-you need a license and the Game and Fish Commission can certainly use the revenue. The licenses went on sale August 1 in hundreds of places in Georgia. Get yours early. Getting shells for 'old betsy' isn't what it used to be. There is a rumor about that Uncle Sam is going to release some amunition in the near future. We have no assurance of this but like all the rest, we can keep our fingers crossed. Farmers are permit- ted a certain amount of ammunition now. Uncle Sam realizes that we have a potentially great supply of meat in our fields that should be harvested. It is a simple and sound method of relief for the meat shortage we have lately endured. Thousands of pounds of meat supplied by our wildlife will get to the family tables this hunting season. Shell rationing may be the answer. A great many sportsmen have a supply of shells on hand. Interest in the coming season is high. Whe'l you go without steaks and chops for a spell, you' get mighty interested in anything that will enable you to once again use catsup and meat sauces. Rangers on Duty Georgia's wildlife rangers are in the field. These men will vigorously and jealously patrol our fields for v"ioliltors. It is their duty to check all licenses. Get yours today and carry it with you on your hunt. The big event for September is al ways the marsh hen hunting along the coast. Research along the coast reveals an abundance of marsh hens since very limited hunting was permitted last year due to war conditions. We do not know exactly how much hunting will be allowed on the coast this year because of the war. In certain counties, the season of squirrels opened August I. It maries" the opening of the hunting season in Georgia. We expect to get that information in plenty of time to pass it along to the hunters. The season also opens on the rail and gallinule September 1. Plenty Rabbits From every section of the state, the Game and Fish Commission has had reports on the abundance of rabbits. One fellow reported two rabbits were seen to come up on his front steps. Another fellow hastened to assure this gentleman that there is no such thing as two rabbits. The rabbit hOnting-and some hunters prefer it to all other types-is going to be the best Georgia has had in many years. There is no increase in the price of your hunting license. A state resident license still costs $3.25 and for hunting in -your own county, you pay only $1. And your license is a bargain any way you look at it. II( Here is a sight to bring hunter's heart. Both dogs hunter will have quail It saves those red sta GEORGIA'S MINERAL PRODUCTIO Sbo~s Brightest ProDlise In History By CAPT. GARLAND PEYTON Director State Di"i,ion 01 Mine, T HIS war, so truly of world-wide scope, is fundamentally based upon and fought by the use of the geologic resources of the earth. On and near the surface of the earth, nature has provided large stores of metals, mineral fuels, other useful mineral resources, and ground water supplies. Without the war materials supplied by the mineral industries no war could ever be begun or successfully prosecuted. This war could last only a short time on the present scale if" the production of most ores, mineral fuels and other geologic materials Stdei S~ (!)'UU qlUUii dleip !J", Makuu; 'kJ~ 01 'kJfV/; were sharply curtailed. The ultimate military victory obviously will be won by those nations which have been most amply endowed with the indispensable mineral resources and the ability to use them effectively. Georgia is fortunately located geographically and blessed by geologic inheritance. She is in a position to contribute much to the war-time needs of the nation. Her geologic inheritance and environment are among the best. Tr.ue, certain resources are scant or lacking but others are here in great abundance. The climatic relations are strategic for the development of these resources. A diversi fied topography-sea level to high plateaus and mountain summits-provides ready access to many of the resources stored below Georgia's soils which otherwise might long have remained undiscovered and unused. Field Study and Reaearch. Some of the geologic resources in the state which are most useful to industry and to meeting the needs of the armed forces can be evaluated neither in quality nor in quantity without specialized detailed field study and research on particular problems as they arise. Surface and ground water, for instance, is a common-place geologic resource in this region, but to obtain millions of gallons a day for an industrial plant, a municipality or some establishment of the armed forces requires a thorough consideration of numerous geologic factors. The proper evaluation of these factors must then result in the local application of specifie geologic principles. Of the more than 35 commercially important ores, minerals and metals found in Georgia, quite a number are of critical or strategic importance as war materials, and those that are not considered critical or essential, ar: at least essential to the war effort. Impor:tant Minerals For many years the people of Georgia have had some general idea of the total number of important minerals which were native to the state and during this period considerable study has been devoted to at least ( Georgia minerals are used in great quantities in machines like this. Machines that make the taols and weapons which Uncle Sam will use to smash the Axis. Ralph M. Davis, of McCaysville, checks over his machine. Our minerals also make machines like this. 0,. Digging b,own i,on o,e in the Wheele, Bank, ncO' Ca,t!"svi/le in Bartow County. This steam shovel lifts hund,eds of tons f,om the earth, deposits it in small ,ail co's f,om whe,e it is sent to the washe,. This once was levelland. surface showings of such minerals. It i not enough, however, to simply map the surface outcrops, for before we can properly evaluate a mineral deposit we must have very definite information in three dimensions. Further, representative samples must be obtainable and analyzed in order that we may have available data on the average metal or valuable mineral content. Obviously, such investigations require a rather la~ge expenditure of money and physIcal effort. Georgia has not had available sufficient money or trained personnel with which to conduct exploratory projects of this type on an adequate state-wide basis. During the past two years our ef- forts have been considerably aug- II)~ d)~ NfUU. Mahe po4UlJe NfUU R~ AM. q~ mented by a number of federal agencie , including the Tennessee Valley Authority, the Works Projects Administration, the U. S. Geological urvey, and the U. S. Bureau of Mines. Iron Ore Production Field work conducted by the WPA under the direction of the State Department of Mines, Mining and Geology just prior to the entrance of this country into the war now makes possible an annual production of brown iron ores for use in the Birmingham district of more than a million tons per year. Had this field work not been conducted it would not have been possible for us to have gotten into production of iron ores on this cale in such a short period of time. nother instance of the value of Cooperation between the state and federal agencies is to be found in the ~~ent field investigation conducted Jomtly by personnel of the Georgia Department of Mines, Mining and Geology and the Tennessee Valley Authority. Through this cooperative effort all of the known mica depo it in Georgia were visited, report and maps prepared, and a bulletin setting forth this information ha been published and distributed OUTDOOR GEORGIA Auguac 1943 to those interested in producing this most critical of all war minerals. Undoubtedly, the results of this investigation will have permanent effect toward obtaining the greatest possible production of strategic mica from Georgia deposits in the. shortest pos sible period of time. The work on mica will avoid devoting time and money on properties which offer no promise of yielding strategic mica, and at the same time will make possible the concentration of interest and effort on properties which are known to. offer promise of yielding strategic mIca. Cooperative Effort Still another instance of the value of cooperative effort is to be found in the bauxite or aluminum ore investi- gations in Georgia. Although Geor- gia was the first state in which bauxite was discovered in this country, and notwithstanding the fact that bauxite was mined on a rather large cale for many years in the stilte, up until two years ago it was generally believed that the majority of Georgia's bauxite had been exhausted. Those of us who had studied the situation, however, were convinced that many deposits or beds of this mineral were yet available in the state. We were of the opinion that these de- posits were buried, having been covered over by more recent deposits of other minerals. When the war seemed imminent, federal geologists came to Georgia and talked the situation over with us. They decided to act on our suggestion and to have the Bureau of Mines prospec~ for buried deposits. This prospecting has now been in progress for almost two years. As a result of this work new deposits have been found and at present federal autho-ritieS tell us that Georgia once more is second only to Arkansas as a potential source of bauxite. New Deposits The same federal agencies are at present discovering new and worth while deposits of manganese ore which is so essential to the manufacture of steel. This newly discovered ore, when treated by a new process which was worked out by the TVA and the U. S: Bureau of Mines, will insure Geo'rgia supplying a worthwhile percentage of high-grade manganese ore, not only during the present war but in addition it will make possible the continuation of ~is industry when once ~ore we are at peace. The increased interest of all the federal agencies in the possibilities for Georgia supplying still greater quantities of necessary war minerals is evidenced by the announcement of a few days ago that out of a special appropriation of two million dollars, which was made possible by Congress (Continued on Page 17) 5 l-Regionol Director lamel Silyer, 01 the U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service releases 0 block duck which was removed Irom on illegal trap. The duck was bonded beloro it was placed bock in circu' lotion. 2-0ur world would be a dreary looking sight but lor our flowers and birds. This hollyhock is a beautilul flower and it is frequently visited by the bus y bee. 3-Note in the shallow water in the loreground rounded pits in what looks to be sand. These are spawning beds la' bream and it is unsportsmon lik~ to annoy or otherwise disturb fish over these beds. 4-" isn't on Easter egg hunt. It is a mourning dove nest on the ground and just behind the nest is lost year's partridge pea plant. You can never make a mistake by planting lood lor wildlile. (Soil Conservation picture.) Harmless Puffing Adder ;OMEDY SNAKE OF GEORGIA R~k,C~ ,(14, Mod qeHiLe fjl,(l1J Reptik4 CHARLIE WHARTO , erstwhile reptile expert, taxidermist, and who now is in the Army, has for years found snakes subject for profound study and scientific investigalion. Charlie can make snakes sound interesting with the stories he unfurls. It seems sometimes that Charlie does stick his neck out \ ith these tories. For example he once remarked that while in America \ e have only a half dozen poison snakes we could put our finger on tHeaven forbid I, and perhaps over 40 other varieties that are not venomou , Australia's snake family is just the opposite. The picture you see on this page of the Puffing Adder shows one of Charlie's prize pets. 0 snake can give the impression of being more deadI than the Puffing Adder. Actually he is gentle, harmless and beneficial to mankind. The Puffing Adder is known as the "bluff" snake. When handled roughly or in danger, he is able to puff up his neck as shown in the picture. He makes a hissing sound and those who don't know better, would surmise lhat his or her life is in danger. Ross Allen, one of the foremost reptile experts, calls the Puffing Adder a comic snake. When agitated, urprised and mistreated, the Puffing Adder \ ill remain motionless and pretend to be dead. When he thinks the danger is over, he cuts his eye where danger was last evident and then makes a dash for safety. Other names for the Puffing Adder include "Blowing Adder" or" preading Adder." ndoubtedly he is the 1110 t gentle and inoffensive of all the nakes in Georgia. Even with the roughest type of treatment, the Hog- ) He looks dangerous but actually he is as gentle as a lomb. It is the hog-nose snoke Or often known as the Puffing Adder. He is absolutely harmless and extremely beneficial to mankind even if he does terrorize people. (Photo by Charlie Whorton.) OllTDOOR GEORGIA AUl{ust 1943 nose snake will refrain from striking or biting. Rarely ever has there been a report of this snake biting anyone. His reputation as an evil snake is not j u tifi~d. This !nake has a blunt head and upturned snout. Black and yellow squares give him a checkerboard patlern. If you have a Puffing Adder near ) our home and you are sure it is the Puffing Adder, leave it alone. It will do a great deal more good than harm. The Game and Fish Commission ha a brochure on snakes which was compiled by Charlie Wharton. It sho\ s most of the common snakes of Georgia, with illustrations, and gives valuable information concerning the reptile family in our state. end a self-addressed envelope for a copy of this booklet, to OUTDOOR GEORGIA magazine. Raymond BoHen, of Manioc, likes to go hunting but his is a strange and dangerous hunting. Raymond displays his trophies which are no less than rattles which he removed from ratflesnakes he has killed. 7 q.M ~Ite q'UMd (j~ LARGE CROWDS PROVE POPULARITY OF STATE PARKS By R. WARD HARRISO Director of State Parks T HERE is no substitute for 'the great outdoors and especially is this true now that a smiling summer sun splashes its warm beams down on many of us who have nothing to show for this pleasant weather other than a Mazda sun tan. There is that irresistible lure for the lovers of the wide-open spaces and forested areas, where musical brooks gurgle happily under whispering pines or busy streams hurry torrentially through mountain passes, and bright-winged birds add their songs to ature's nerve-soothing lullaby. Happily for these vacationists or week-enders, Georgia has located across her broad domains, acres of natural beauty in the form of State parks, which are at present in the midst of an unusually busy summer season. The war, which bans long. distance traveling, seems to have made our parks more popular than ever. Georgia people are at last awakening to the fact that this state has thousands of advantages that in other years they were seeking elsewhere. Georgians, a great many of them, are now seeing Georgia for the first time. The fact is the State parks in orth Georgia are being so well attended that they are overcrowded and anyone desiring accommodations there should get in touch with the proper authori ties and make reservations at once. The parks as a whole have begun their summer operations in a most efficient manner. Eleven State parks are actively operating with their principal facilities outlined as follows: Pine Mountain Park down in Har ris county near Columbus, is proud of an excellent fishing lake, swimming pool, large picnic area and cabins, both single and duplex. It Tavern erves appetizing meal in an atmo phere of cordial ho pitality, and also ha overn ight accommodations. Thi park is exten ivel)' patIOnized by the militaq personllf'I, 8 SAN DOMINGO STATE PARK and provides a much-needed outing spot for officers at Fort Benning and their families or "dates." Vogel Park, a hundred miles north of Atlanta in Georgia's scenic mountain "wilderness," is equipped with duplex and single cabins, as well as an inn which is operated under highly efficient management and serves excellent meals as well as providing overnight accommodation. Rainbow trout, bass and bream a\ ait the fish uman in nearby streams. At historic Indian Springs Park about fifty miles north of Macon and an area greatly popular for many years with Georgians far and near, the cottages and inn are not owned by the State, but they con titute splendid facilitie and are operated on both the American and European plans. Spanish Memories anto DominO"o Park, near Brun \\ iek, remini cent of earl pan ish da) s in Georgia, has a large club house and I icnic area. Little Ocmulgee Park, near Me Rae, possesse ample duplex as well as single cottages, a club-house, an excellent picnic area, and reasonable rates. Here is located one of the best fishing lakes in any of the State parks, and is popular especially with fishermen of middle Georgia. It is also equipped with a splendid swimming pool and bathhouse. Okefenokee wamp Park is open only to sightseers who desire to take a stroll over a very ample board walk which has been erected. Ten miles south of Waycross, this area is on the edge of Georgia's great and famous swamp. Laura S. Walker Park, ten miles east of Waycros , has cabins, a clubhouse, fishing lake, swimming pool, ana complete facilities for group camp and da use activities. Good wimming, boating and fi hing may be enjoyed on the lake. Alexander H. tephen Memorial Park, located at Cr' \\ fordville be- (Continued on Page 17) OUTDOOR GEORGIA August 1943 State Forester Points Out Great Value Of Georgia's Important Woodlands "The Department oj Forestry serves the timber growers oj the State oj Georgia in growing and marketing timber products. This is the primary junction oj the department." Thus does J. M. Tinker, director of the forestry depart- ment, state division of conservation, pointedly analyze the principal purpose of his agency. "Timber production," he continued, "ranks second in the State in point of providing a livelihood for Georgia families. In some counties in south Georgia, it ranks first by a large margin. "Besides providing timber products and directly suppI ing a cash income to Georgia families, the forests of Georgia are of inestimable value as a place of recreation. Where we have no forests, we also have no hunting or fishing. The value to the eitizens of Georgia gained by.tbis recreation is not measured in dollars and cents, but it is just as real and essential to civilization as the actual provision of cash money to buy food and clothing and shelter. "Even beyond the necessities of life and the pleasures of life, the forests of Georgia are essential to life as we know it. 0 forest, no water supply, no fertile soil, and consequently no civilization worthy of the name. "Vitally important too is the matter of fire control and prevention. Many thousands of dollars worth of valuable timber is saved each year where this is actively practiced. Georgia's forestry department is deeply interested and ener getically engaged in such a program, with carefully. workedout plan to enlarge and improve these operations." Turner Suggests D. Abbott Turner, of Columbus, one of the State's leading textile executives, who also has forestry interests, was recently asked for his opinion as to how the forestry department can best serve the people of Georgia. His comprehensive and valuable reply is as follows: "I think the best answer to that is the prevention of fires. It would be highly desirable of course to have reforestation along' ith this program, but if fires are prevented, Mother ature does a pretty good job of re-seeding. "My thought is that the best way to stop forest fires is to create public interest and to show people that fires take money out of their pocketbooks. Then dev,elop the best methods possible of fighting fires and have organizations in each county set up to carrY,out this work. "Quitman county has such a plan under consideration, and a petition has gone around asking the county commi sioner to increase the tax rate per acre sufficiently to take care of this additional expense. V olunt.ary Workers "I think to make it really effective, the paid organization should be supplemented by a voluntary organization ) Henry O. Storey, of the O;v;s;on of State Forestry, stands by a 10-year growth of Georgia p;nes. This growth, ;n states where weather condit;ons ;n the winter are severe, would take from 20 to 50 years. OUTDOOR GEORGIA August 194i! in each district 'where neighbors will stop their work and go and help put out a fire which is started in that district. Then, if the present law hasn't enough teeth in it, have one passed that is enforceable, where people caught set ting fires could be properly punished. "The above, roughly, is my idea of what might be done, and of course you can see plenty of other things that might be added. This, and a matter of education of children in schools and older people, by giving them the proper information." Director Tinker has requested OUTDOOR GEORGIA to extend an invitation to timber growers, farmers and leaders generally, to write him mak'ing suggestions as to how they think a state forestry department can best serve the people. WHAT WILL BE FOUND THR By JOE STEARNS THAT day is net too far distant when the great mysteries of the world's oceans wiII be unraveled. We are given to understand that the bot- I tom of the ocean at some points drops away to as much as three miles and some reports have it even deeper. So far, no man has been able to penetrate this great depth of darkness and intrigue. A great many people 'are interested in finding out just what goes on three miles under the ocean surface. They want to know what kind of fish live there, if any. What are the habits of these deep sea dwellers. Those answers may be forthcoming. Life's A.mbition Gene Max ohl, graduate engineer of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, intends to supply the answers. In fact, Gene's life ambition is to explore the floor of the oceal1 at one of its deepest points. Explorer, inventor and adventurer, ohl plans to construct a diving bell powerful enough to resist the tremendous pressure at three miles below the urface. Undoubtedly there are a great many sunken boats off the Georgia coastline. Some of these ships carried great wealth and treasures to the ocean floor. Pirates were known to raid and sink merchant ships off thfGeorgia coast many years ago. ohl expects to check up on the Georgia coast some day. All Georgia wi1l be interested to know what he wi1l lift to the surface. Georgia too would be interested in knowing in great detail just what Max doesn't wont to be bothered with sharks - who does? So, he invented this high-pressure air gun which shoots" dart. This deadly gun, discharging its missile of destruction, can kill a shark almost instantly, 10 OUTDOOR MILES UNDER THE OCEANS? g~ ~~ (jU q~ eoa4t J41UJ 'tf~ g~ l Meet Gene Max Nohl, the gentleman with an ambition to go down in the ocean 3 miles. Are you sure, Max? - We have often heard people soy, "lish on the botlom." Imagine a hook on the end of a line 3 miles down! brought to the surface of the water too rapidly. The nitrogen in the body, under pre sure, become a toxin and the result is the "bends." This does not hold true when divers use helium! World's Record Max holds the world's record for di ing. On December 1, 1937, Max, wearing one of his nel helium suits. went down 420 feet. At thi depth he wa under a pres ure of 190 pounds per quare inch, supporting a total \leight of 600000 pounds of water more pres ure than has ever been withstood by an other human being. Other inventions by ohl include a diving lung, ystem u ed in specialized diving operation and submarine e cape, an underwater motIon picture camera and an aIr compression gun which shoots highly de truetive darts. The e guns fire darts which kill large harks almost instantly. ohl admit he is tossing dice in a gamble with life and death ea& time he makes a dive. His exciting career almo t came to an abrupt end several years ago in the Gulf of Mexico off the shore of Florida and not far from Pan M~~~ M~ ~ UJlW04~tOJu,(j,O~ By JOE STEARNS "IT IS strange, the great lengths a man will go to make himself ut- terly miserable and uncomfortable." Thus did Paul Chapman, Dean of the College of Agriculture at the University of Georgia, sum up a party on a deer hunt in a North Georgia mountain retreat. We say mountain retreat blushingly since actually the party operated out of a shack which is found by traveling to the very end of a twisting and turning mountain road, then veer sharply to the left and when you can no longer ride-you're there. No use kidding anybody about the weather in the mountains in ovember. There are just two kinds of weather up there, cold and colder. Bull Session Nightfall brought about the customary "bull session." The hot air that flowed combined. with the oak log burning fiercely in the fireplace, was all that kept the anxious hunters warm. One is apt to stall as long as possible on the idea of going to bed. Even by the fire, the icy fingers of early winter in all its fury, seem to be closing in. But big, strong men will eventually give in to weary bod ies and heavy eyelids. Out come the sleeping bags, blankets and quilts as the hour is late the sleep will be short. The hunters pile up the cover. The yellow flame in the fireplace flickers and spreads its shadows over the room. The windows in the shack must have been put there for show purposes since they have no glass in them. Blustery winds flow through the windows and suddenly, in spi~e of all your cover, you feel as if you were in a bathing suit at the North Pole. Your teeth chatter. You do not move an inch less you sacrifice a warm spot. Your flesh ripples with the mountain chill. You wonder why on God's earth you left steam heat, running water and windows with glass in them to hunt deer. No Sleep It is too cold to sleep so you spend much of the time in bed thinking. One hunter begins to snore. You wonder if you are the only one about to freeze to death. You wouldn't admit it for the world. 0 hunter would. You think it would be a great idea to get up and revive that fire but that thought fades as another blast of wind explodes against your head. You figuI;e it is best- to stay where you are and wait for one of the others to start that fire again no matter how long you have to wait. You can just pretend you are asleep. Your eyes catch a faint view of the roof of the shack. You wonder what made man get so far from civilization as to build a hut on this spot. The history of this old place would be most interesting, you tell yourself. Your teeth are chattering. You grit them, thinking only of the hour when you will get out of this and never again return. Finally it is morning. Not a great deal of morning. In fact it is just 2 o'clock but it is time to get up, check the guns, eat breakfast and get to the deer territory. At this point you are certain that if the hunters were put to a vote and voted honestly-all of them would go back to bed-with a bit more cover. Unfair Question Someone asks, "How did you sleep?" In the first place, it is an unfair question since you had only a shivering acquaintance with a freezing bed and all of the good sle~p is in front of you, still there you are up and about. But, like all hunters, J-Any similarity between this house and a warm place to sleep is purely coincidental. This is where the deer hunting party gathered. A couple of the fellows in front of the house are making plans for the hunt. 2-Paul Chapman gets his gun ship-shape. 3-0ne of the more comfortable beds. Note the rope springs which will support a mattress - if you had a mattress. Just toss your sleeping bag on the ropes, and you are bedded down for the night. No - George Washington didn't sleep here but Charlie Elliott, Director of the Galne and Fish Commission did. And liked it. 4-Lamar WestcoH, of Dalton, was the only member of the party to bring in meat. He caught several trout in nearby streams. The hunters manhandled the trout for dinner. Hunting sharpens the appetite. you answer, "Slept like a baby." Knowing full-well you are fibbing in your day-old beard. You step out on the back porch, pick up a dipper for a drink of water. The dipper make a metallic ping a it strike ice. Ye aods and little icebergs. Back to the t> fire you rush. Soon the gang londs up in the car and you are off for the hunt. You are awake--at least you think you are. The car bounces and shakes over the rough terrain. It is cold in the car, even with the heater going, but it is colder outside. The gun barrel might well be made fo dry ice. Grey treaks of dawn appear and you are ready to take to the \ ood . You are cold, as cold as you can possibly be and till remain alive. You ask no questions for fear your voice will be- tray you. Sidney, tho chef, peels some spuds. EllioH hos been on these hunts before ond so he brought olong 0 supply of food. Neighbors come a-visiting. They just dropped in to say 'howdy' since they are the nearest neighbors. It's only an hour and a half ride bacle home. Nothing lilce good neighbors in the mountains. (All photos by JO& Stearns.) The deer hunt is on. You are in the woods. You see deer tracks. Your hands tremble with cold and little chills are having a track meet up and down your spine. Alth6ugh you have on your long handles, three shirts, two sweaters, a hunting coat and two pairs of trousers--you are not sure you will last long. If misery loves company-then sleep and cold are bosom companions. You take your place in some brush and wait for a deer to come into view. There you sit for hours. othing happens. 0 deer. The sun comes out and you warm up. You take off your hunting coat, then one of the shirts. Such weather. You use up your day hiding so a deer will not see you-and you think maybe the deer is playing the same game. Soon the gang gathers at a previously selected spot. Not a shot has been fired. Nobody seems to care. So it is time to return to the shack and the program is repeated for another day. The only difference is the weather. It has really turned off cold and you learn that your first day and night was spent in more or less a tropical zone. When the time comes to go home, you are not too keen about leaving. You still want to hunt. Hunters are like that. And while riding home, you prove yourself to be an outdoorsman' by asking your companions "When do we try it again?" Conservation Please I T HAS been estimated that 90% of the radio advertising owes its success to words and word pictures designed to strike fear in the hearts of listeners. For example, the announcers tell you: "Your hair is thinner; your teeth are in need of attention or should be sharpened or you are definitely injuring your health by smoking the wrong kind of tobacco." If then, the purpose of the radio commercial is designed to frighten us, it not only has succeeded, but in many cases it has scared the Hades out of many of the more gullible listeners. Beautiful Music Some of the commercials are most disturbing. Just suppose you are attending a party with some of your best friends and wafting from the radio is some of the .most beautiful music you have ever heard. Some are dancing and laughter and happiness rule the scene. Then as the final notes of a lovely tune fade away, the announcer comes in to say: "Are you bilious? Does your bile flow at the rate of a pint a day? A quart a day? There, you see, you don't know how much bile flows. Why it is amazing that you are still alive. Don't be careless with your life. The undertaker is following you. The choice is yours, Ladies and Gentlemen. It is either a slow, torturing, lingering death or our little "Long-Life Liver Pills." The supply is limited. Go now to your druggist and demand "Long-Life Liver Pills." So what happens at your party? You begin to look about you and suspect most of those present as being unhealthy. You perhaps feel an urge to rush down to the nearest druggist for those pills-the only thing that stands between you and the door of death. One announcer had this to say: "The radio is a wonderful thing. It enables me to come into your home and say things I could never say in person. Like this-now listen youyou stink. Why don't you use a deodorant? Why on earth do you con~inue to walk around among your friends smelling like a goat? Get a 6 Jar of our "No-Smell" cream-dabble a bit of it under your arm and watch your friends smile again. Happy days will be yours again.!> "Ladies and Gentlemen, listen to this. I have just received a telegram from Madam Butterfly, famous Hollywood actress. Here is her message to her worshipping public: I have used "No-Smell" cream for years. As a result, I smell good. Why, I wouldn't think of leaving my room without my little jar of "No-Smell." There you are,' folks! Get yours today. I'm your best friend and don't say I didn't tell you." How Unromantic Now to be brutally frank-that actress as much as admitted that she smells to the high Heavens. She also admits being an absolute stranger to a bath tub. She could risk leaving her room without her little jar if somebody would tell her of the great virtue to be found in water and soap (no special kind). In summarypeee-yew! And how unromantic. What would happen if an announcer cut loose and decided to speak his piece. Here is what he might say: "Hello, suckers. All of you chumps pull up your fireside, we are going to have"a little chat. This morning I am being paid to talk about a breakfast food. Do you enjoy a breakfast cereal? Have you had your head examined lately? If you try our littie "Magic-Grain" cereal, you will never try another. Dead men tell no tales. "Magic-Grain" is shot out of a rifle three times before it is turned loose on the public. Be sure to wear your bullet-proof vest while eating "Magic-Grain." Remember-no other breakfast food can claim-no vitamins, no-grit, no-aches, no-pains, notaste, no-waste and above all, it is kind to your gullet. By using "MagicGrain" you will never leave the table hungry. In fact, you will never leave the table. Remember folks, nothing new has been added. Buy your box today and die young." Or. . . "Are your arches falling? Are you too busy to stop and pick them up? We think these questions are difficult. So difficult that if you can get six of them right - you're a whiz with a bang. And you don't have to bring the teacher an apple every day if you can get five 'of them right. A good guesser should get four right answers. Don't admit it if you had only three right. Just try again next month. Here 'tis. (1) The bittern has unusual eyes in that it can See in the dark" extend its eyes, operate each eye independently, see in all directions. (2) It is safe to explore the desert at night when most snakes are asleep. True or false? (3) A baby weighing cis much as seven tons may be born to what animal? (4) Pocket gophers are known to Run as well backwards as forwards; run on three legs, holding one off the ground! not run at all. (5) What is it that is known to carry as many as four of its young as it flys through the air? (6) What bird is noted for its ability to fight and kill a raHlesnake? (7) A picture shows a penguin and an Eskimo together. This is incorrect because a. There are no penguins in the Arctic. b. The penguin fears the Eskimo. c. The Eskimo believes the penguin is a bird of ill omen and will not tolerate its presence. (Answers on Page 17) Does your pot roast turn out tough and unsavory? Can people smell your breath a yard away? Are you getting bald? ,Will you send out Christmas cards this year? Do you have that dull and headachy feeling? Does your foot itch and your tooth ache?-then by all means get "BrightMoler" tooth paste-the doublepurpose tooth paste. It puts the cat out at night, shines your shoes, eliminates enamel on yoilr teeth, remOVef pimpIes and blackheads, spots on your clothes will disappear-and so will your clothes. Ask for it by name only. We strongly recommend that "BrightMolar" be used with our new, sensaLional "Quick-Sand" toothbrush. It is the only toothbrush using exclusively horse hairs and wire bristles. With (Continued on Page 16) OUTDOOR GEORGIA December 1943 J -Peace, ain't it wonderful! Nine St. Bernard pups only four weeks old and without a single care in the world. 2-A couple of eight week old St. Bernard pups and tired of it all. St. Bernards make ideal pets but in these days of rationing, it is a problem to keep up with their appetites. 3-West Highland White Terrier pups show keen interest in the operation of a camera. They iust don't know what to make of it. 4-This We s t Highland mother serves breakfast in bed for her one week old pups. She isn't com plaining about a 'dog's life' - who t with her own bed! 5-Future music makers. They are Wa I'k e r fox hounds taking time out for a bit of lunch. J-Hunters are asked to return bands off legs of game birds to the Game I Fish Commission or the U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service. This band reveals imporl." information to wildlife experts. Here is shown a Clapper Rail or marsh hen r.ady to be released after banding. 2-An electric, high-voltage wire put an end to th' owl's career recently. It was seen in the neighborhood of a school in Southwfll Atlanta and school boys watched it tumble to earth after contact with the wi.. Johnny Johnson (left), Claud Miller (center) and Paul Patton hold the owl. 3-T'" unfortunate owl had some splendid tools to work with. The talons are needleshorp. 4-1. Gloer Hailey, Fulton County Commissioner, was in the marshes of Gly.. during the last da.vs of the marsh hen hunting season for his favorite sporf. He's a southpaw shooter. YARDSTICK OF PROGRESS State's Mineral Laboratory Performs Outstanding War Job MONEY involved and importance of the work performed make up the yard tick of progre sand mea ure the value of an industry \\ hich i all-out for the earlie t possible victory in America's battle against the Axis. Captain Garland Peyton, Director of the Department of Mines, bring into harp focu the magnificent work which ha been done at a small co t by the state' anal tical and research laboratory in the tate Capitol. Landowners and various agencies are constantly bringing mineral specimen in for analysi . The laboratory then breaks down the specimen and report it true value to parties concerned. This repre ents a saving of thou ands of dollars to Georgian each month. Let us cite an example where a great deal of money might have been unwisely used. Some time ago Captain Peyton was contacted by a fellow interested in oil in Georgia. He brought along a specimen which he took from a well. The specimen definitely showed signs of oil. It was put through the laboratory te ts. It turned out to be ethyl gasoline that had seeped into the well from a nearb filling tation. By this one stroke of the modern, efficient laboratory, the party concerned saved thou ands of dollars which he might have spent digging for oil that wasn't there. Miners, prospectors, collectors and farmers bring questionable mineral specimens into the Department of Mines for identification, assay and' test. We cannot praise too much thi plendid laboratory work which a public ervice offered all taxpayers. This long-range laboratory work ha contributed plendidly to the war effort. We all agree that our fighting men must have the implement of war for a ucce ful campaign. These weapons, in practically all ca e are available onl if we have the minerals needed to manufacture them. Recent research by the Department of Mines has re ulted in the erection of a commercial proce ing plant converting serpentine into magne ium sulphate which in turn i converted into chloride of magne ium and reducea to a magnesium metal. In brief this magnesium metal is a critical neces ity since it is used to make a lightweight alloy with the strength of steel for use in plane and tank production_ It al 0 is used as flares, signal lights and rockets. Captain Peyton and hi able assistant not only preached the possibility of rock \ 001 manufacture in Georgia but what is more-they proved its practical value and simplicity of manufacture by experiments. This resulted in the tarting of a rock wool manufacturing plant in Georgia. Rock \ 001 is frequently u ed as an in ulator in battle hips. Occasionally laboratory research turns up something which borders 011 sensational. ome tiine ago a farmer brought in a larae pecimen \ hich revealed a high content. of sillimanite. Our geologi t went into action since thi vitalI needed mineral i near the top of critical war needs. A' ample was ent off to a spark plug company and a letter came back promptly wanting large quantities. If this sillimanite in our mountain is high grade and the deposit i sufficient, Georgia then will be the only state thi ide of the Rocky Mountains producing it. The deposit is being inve tigated cooperatively by the Department of Mine and the Tenne see Valley Authority. The refractory mineral is used in the manufacture of special ~lectrical porcelains in spark plug and also widel u ed in making other high voltage electrical equipment. synthetic material is being used now but if Georgia produces sillimanite, the natural product will eliminate the ubstitute. Dr. Lawrie H. Turner, Chief Chemi t at' the DepartmeIJt of Mines laboratory and Leonard Loyd, assayer, are expert in their fields. They have handled mineral pecimens expertl and efficiently on all occasions. Both de erve a vote of thanks for the fine job done. In the past year the laboratory prepared 997 ore samples for a aying, completed 124 fire as ays for gold, turned out 188 phy ical determination and 2,099 quantitative chemical assays of diversified ores and minerals. If the public had to pay professional men for this work it would cost approximately 16,000 or perhaps more. leonord loyd, pours a melted gold assay charge into a mould in the laboratory at the State Capitol. The furnace used to heat the assay charge is shown in the background. Dr. laurie Turner, Chief Chemist, at work in his laboratory. Dr. Turner checks, tests and works with hundreds of mineral specimens turned in by landowners to the Department of Mines., (Photos by Joe Stearns.) @ / J -In goose and duck hunting, as in lap and Heinie hunting, camouflage is necessary. Here a boat ;s decorated with pine boughs to resemble a small island. Note how the hood of the hunting suit blends with the foliage. 2-The geese are overhead! Now it's a question of distance, lead, shot strings and timing, if a goose goes on the table. 3-0ne goose for the bag. Price: two dawns and one dusk; three precious shells. Value: the equivalent of fifty red points. 4-When the ducks fly high in a thunderbolt V that departs for regions unknown, this little instrument known as a duck caller will turn them back and bring them into the stool of decoys. 5-0ne black mallard that ventured too close to the business end of a 12 gauge shell. 6-Not all decoys are placed upon water. Here a flock of Canada geese, carved out of wood, are arranged to simulate feeding in a grain field. Passing geese will come to them. 7 -Christmas dinner for one fam ily: A Canada goose (left) trimmed in pintail drakes. This is one of the whys of a State license and a duck hunting stamp. 8-Meat for the table. Six Canadian honker;;, one day's limit for two hunters or two days' limit for one hunter. It isn't much trouble starling a fire like this but it is a whale of a battle to stop i/. Carelessness and forest fires are companions. T oo often our forestry experts i sue such blunt warning a " top Forest Fires" o.r "Don't be carele with your matches." These warnings go unheeded since most people are accustomed to hearing these wc;>rds of wisdom repeated time and again. They see the warnings so often that many of them believe our forestry experts are hollering "wolf." Actu- ally, many people are convinced that warnings are there just to scare peo- ple and that fires in our woods are always under control. Such false impressions need cor- rection. So, this month, OUTDOOR GEORGIA invites its readers to sit at Director J. 1\'1. Tinker's desk in the Department of Forestry and read some of his mail with him. Perhaps this method will help all of us to better understand those posters next time we ee them. Our first i from W. . Water, Jr., who wi hes to ad ise, "A fire occur- red at Centerville on . Highway 80 in Talbot county in which approx- imatel 2000 acres were burned. The burned out land was owned b Mr. lien Little, Alabama' Mrs. R. Maxwell, Talbotton; Mis Martha Maxwell, Talbotton; L. E. Collier, Talbotton; Mrs. J. B. Wimberly, J unction City; Mr. E. W. Tru ell. Junction City; Mrs. Lynda McLean, Jacksonville Beach; Frank Also- brook Junction City; Mr. C. P. 12 Greer, Thoma ton; C. W. Bivin, Junction City, and Mis Ella Robbins. of Talbotton. "The cau e of the fire i not known but we have rea on to believe it \ as deliberately set. It started Tue day, . ovember 9, and was not put out until Saturday. Damage ha been e timated conservatively at 3,000." Here is another letter. This one from H. E. Pinson, secretary of the Ellijay Timber Protective Organization, who reports: "A few days ago a fire broke out on Oliver Creek and it was one of the strongest fires I have ever seen. Our man, Mr. Laith, and his son fought with all the power at their command to bring the fire under control. While battling the blazes, we found ourselve trapped in the inferno \ ith no avenue of escape. We finally had to run through the fire and we are lucky to be alive. Two dogs were caught in the fire and burned to death. We e timate 1000 acres burned so far and we have not yet completed the check-up." Jo cause wa given for the tart of the fire. ow we are beginning to understand tho e po ters a little better. Let' go on to the next letter. It comes from Paul W. Groom, District Forester at Macon, who report: "Fire swept over area at Thoma ton Road and Mosele Dixon Road in Southwest Bibb County in which ap- pro -imately 230 acre of merchantable and oung timber was destroyed. The landowner are Edgar Tucker, Robert Dodd and the McPherson Place. The fire came about as a result of gras burning around a hou e. It got out of control." Yes, the e letters are reports from Fore ters to Director Tinker and they reach the Department of Forestry office with much too great a frequency. But let's go on. F. J. Pullen, District Fore ter at Calhoun, says in hi letter: "We had a fire in Bartow County near Rydal, Georgia, on the McMellon, Vaughan and Maxwell places which started ovember 16. Before the fire could be suppressed, 150 acres had been burned out. It took nine and a half hours of hard fighting to top the blaze. If this fire had not been extingui hed, 40,000 acres of timber land, one house, one barn and 3,000 feet of sawn lumber might have been destroyed.' That letter is worth a second look at any warning. There are more letter, ma!1y more and more coming. Many of them reporting bad news to our Director. Thi next letter offers a lesson to the person eager to burn trash and brush. It come from J. C. Kennedy, of Pooler, Georgia who writes: "We had a usele and carele ly started fire recently which resulted from a (Continued on Page 17) - OUTDOOR GEORGIA December 1943 BRASSTOWN BALD ... States Highe~tPoint; Given Marker at Colorful Ceremony BRA STOW BALD, Bald Mountain or Mount Enota (take your choice) is Georgia's highest peak with an altitude of 4,784 feet. This common fact has been known for years but recently and ceremoniously it was marked for posterity by a marble tablet given the state by Charles H. Haden, of Atlanta. Governor Ellis Arnall \ as present for the occasion and accepted for the state. The Governor gave the students of Young Harris an inspiring talk, better acquainting them with the op. ortunities Georgia offers. The program was arranged by R. Ward Harrison, Director of State Parks. Dr. J. W. Sharp, president of Young Harris, was master of ceremonies. Mary Jean Thompson and Betty Tison, pretty Young Harris students, unveiled the marker. Dr. Sharp introduced C. C. Boynton, nion County member of legi lature; Ordinary Harry England, of Towns County; Joe tearns, OUTDOOR GEORGIA editor; Ray ichol on, Towns' County chool Superintendent; Frank Duckworth, of Hiawassee; Mrs. J. E. Hays. State Hi torian; Kenneth Rogers, photographer, and Stiles A. Martin, state news editor of the Atlanta Constitution. The road to Bra stO\ n Bald stands today as one of the most severe test~ to our modern mechanical age. Mile after mile of teep uphill climb confronts the motorist. The road, a job well done by CCC boys, is surfaced with rocks which start from the golf ball size and run up the size of a honeydew melon. Hairpin turns make the hairs on the back of the neck stand straight out. Wheels spin, motors run hot, Clutches groan as you climb upward to this magnificent peak. It is a gala day for the back-seat driver. Passengers lean forward eagerly watching every twist, turn and dip while nervou Iy fingering the handle of the car door. Still the records show that no car has ever taken French leave from this rip-snorting road. 0 car could afford to and till look the part of an automobile. It is the Lord's Prayer and low gear practically all the way. Lofty peaks on all sides seem to whisper "Bet you don't make it." A few years ago, there was no road to Brasstown Bald. A footpath was the highway to the top. As visitors gathered for the unveiling exercises and to discuss their spine-freezing ride up the mountain, it was revealed that the Young Harris students had hiked to the ceremony. After this startling revelation, there were a few blushes and no more said about that Brasstown Bald road. Little wonder Governor Arnall was lavish in his praise for the intrepid students. Our hats are off to those sturdy boys and girls. Charles J- Haden, donor of the marble tablet, gave a short talk on the history of Georgia and the great possibilities of the state. The Young Harris students sang several songs with much gusto and finesse after which the few cars present loaded up their grim-looking passengers and away they went down that mountain road with cars acting much after the manner of a player dribbling a basketball. The inscription on the marble tablet reads: "Highest point in Georgia. Altitude 4,784 feet; latitude, 34 degrees, 52 minutes, 27th seconds; longitude, 83 degrees, 48 minutes, 39 seconds. Georgia Geological Survey. Georgia was the only colony founded by the British parliament for the avowed purpose of human welfare. "It was the first colony in the Western Hemisphere to forbid slavery, to prohibit rum, to found an orphanage, to allow married women full property rights, to charter a state university, to charter a college for women. "Erected by Department of State Parks, Historic Sites and Monuments; tablets donated by Charles J. Haden. A. D. 1943." Governor Ellis Arnall (left), accepts marble tablet which marks Georgia's highest point from Charles Haden (right) in colorful ceremonies at Brasstown Bald recentfy. R. Ward Harrison, just behind Haden, Director of State Parks, smiles his approval. Students at Young Harris hiked up the mountain to witness the unveiling of the marble marker. OUTDOOR GEORGIA December 1943 13 MALE REDHEAD BUFFLEHEAD SHOVELLER GOLDEN EYE LESSER SCAUP SEXES ALIKE BLACK DUCK BALDPATE ON THE WING MAL MALLARD GADWALL RING-NECKED DUCK GREEN-WINGED TEAL v.lOOD DUCK. RUDDY DUCK 14 PINTAIL CANVASBACK COURTESY OF ILLINOIS GAME &: FISH COMMISSiON OUTDOOR GEORGIA December 1943 Shark Steaks... ;\ Mall Be 'lf~ "Piece Je R~" WHE a shark bites a man it is no longer front page news, but when a man bites a shark-it is news and perhaps good news because there is a move afoot to catch sharks and carve them up for steaks. Some of the experts on marine life have discovered that shark steaks are delicious. Since the shark comes under the heading of fish, there is a possibility that it may be given a free ride on our rationing point sys- tem. Few people will have any sympathy for the shark in the new plan to deliver them to the markets. In fact, the common feeling is-the more sharks removed from the ocean, the better. The move to use sharks as food is in its infancy. Still it is a possibility that is being given much study. It has been done in several places with satisfying results. A great many tons of shark steaks could be harvested along the Georgia coast. Our hundreds of shrimp boats, by concentrated efforts, could deliver enough sharks to supply the state with all of the steaks it could digest. Fact is, many people in America who shy away from shark meat, have eaten it and enjoyed it under such names as "filet of sole" and "tenderloin of sole" or perhaps as "sturgeon." Many people explain they do not have a hankering for shark meat because sharks are man-eaters. This is somewhat of a foolish thought since the sharks would starve to death if they had to depend on the human race for its food. There just aren't enough people floating around in the water to keep the shark population happy and fat. The great white shark draws the bulk of the blame for attacks on human beings. The rest of the sharks are small and feed almost exclusively on smaller fish. Orientals pay well for shark fins. Tlie fins are cooked with other meats or chicken to make soups. Some of the other uses of the shark is to make a' high grade fertilizer. The livers of sharks are rich in oil content. The oil is used in curing of leather. The better grade oils are important in the manufacture of tar- paulins and oil cloths. Low grade soap is made from the oil and sometimes it is mixed with other paint oils. Since petroleum is not permitted in homes in Greenland, shark oil is used there for illuminating purposes. Shark liver oil is often sold as a substitute for cod liver oil. In case you are interested in some of the different types of sharks, here are a few: seven-gill shark, six-gill shark, horned shark, brown shark, file-tail shark, swell shark, graysmooth hound, brown-smooth hound, soupfin shark, leopard shark, bay shark, great blue shark, tiger shark, bonito shark, mackerel shark, bask- ing shark, hammerhead shark, thresher, greyfish, sleeper, and this misleading name--angeI. One well-known writer once wrote that there is no such thing as a man" eating shark. His article went on to explain that he had worked on the ocean floor in diving suits for years and sharks had surrounded him on numerous occasions. He even claimed that sharks had approached him to a point that might be considered by many as a dangerous proximity. Yet he never had any trouble. An old vet eran sailor with a wooden leg wants the expert to explain .what happened to his leg. Nobody would core to org ue with this one over swimming space. The shark is J4 'eet long and weighs nearly 1100 pounds. He was pulled in along the Atlantic coast line. OUTDOOR GEORGIA December 1943 IS "Bringing 'Em Back Alive" (Continued from Page 3) tiger. Unperturbed, Harford grabbed the animal again and held him as you might hold a dozen eggs. Rogers finally agreed to come down off the top of the car. Here's How If you are interested in catching a wild pig with your bare hands, here is how the Souther boys do it. The dogs bay the pig and engage its attention in somewhat of a scufHe. Then either Harford or Vaughan will slip up behind the pig and grab it by its rear legs. The legs are tied with a rope. When the animal declares war anew, the ropes are jerked and his feet are abruptly pulled from under him. That is about all there is to it. The Souther brothers told us the pig we saw was their third for the day with the sun till high. ndoubtedly these fellows will have some red rationing tickets left over. atives in the section are glad to be rid of the wild pigs. They destroy a great deal of deer food and eat wild turkey eggs. They will kill young fawns when possible. The Southers are getting meat but tliey certainly get it the hard way. This is half of the dog team used by the Souther brothers to run down wild pigs. The dog is little more than ankle.high. His size is emphasized by the size of the hand that holds him. Note the ugly gash in his side. The other dog also wore his scars of bottle. We must admit these little dogs have plenty of what it takes to accept battle with a slashing, infuriated wild pig. It is conine insanity - that's what it is. (Continued from Page 6) each brush, ~ye enclose the name and address of your nearest doctor and dentist. And that's not all. We al 0 include a box of dynamite cap which may be u ed to eliminate loose teeth and shaky bridgework." One gets Ii little weary of tho e morning and afternoon program. Chime plea anti open the show. voice come in to ay: "Ladie , it is your " unt Fanny' Dishpan-Hand Pro clean. OUTDOOR GEORGIA. January 1944 9 'Coon -If I F one associates with sportsmen and hunters long enough one is apt to get an invitation to go 'coon hunting. If you are not acquainted with the full meaning of a 'coon hunt, you are apt to accept. Then you will spend the re t of your life 'wondering when the keepers \ ill come and take you away to a padded ceIl. 'Coon hunters are born-not made. If Junior runs down in the woods, stays out all night and comes dragging in the next morning with hi clothes in tatters, his teeth chattering, his shoes hidden by mud, his hound dog ears bleedinu from briar nags and he mutters meaningle s words in his gla s of milk you may rest as ured the lad has the makings of a 'coon hunter. Veteran 'coon hunter take their fa orite sport in stride. But the fello' who goe along out of curio ity is destined to fini h up a sadder but w'i er man if and when he ever return to civilization. Why there is nothing to it-that is-if you have no trouble \ imming around Lake Burton under water; climbing Bald Mountain on roIler skates or hunting black bears with a fly s\ atter. In addition to your sadly mi informed and completely innocent Editor who snapped up the 'coon hunting invitation without giving it a first, second and third thought, our party consisted of Cleve Roby, Lewis Wharton and Frank Stocks, all of Atlanta, and Howard Thorn, of Montgomery. Then we piled three dogs, 'Lead', 'Bones' and 'Lawyer' in the car along with plenty of equipment. The Thompson farm just out ide of Monticello was our headquarter. Joe Thompson, 68 years young, decided he would accompany us on the hunt. He is a man of mall stature, with twinkling eyes and a flush of ripe apple coloring in hi cheek, an indication of a clean healthy outdoor way of life. ' The sun had jut hidden its big orange face in the we tern sky when we started out. Someone whi pered that Joe Thomp on \ as taking somewhat of a gamble by going 'coon hunting at hi age. Some of us aureed we might have to carry the fellow back if he gavel::> out. After all a little 'coon hunting goes a long, long way. I was \ rapped up for comfort since it was a chilly night. In addition to three pair of wool socks, I wore three light hirts, one heavy shirt, a slipover sweater, and a heavy jacket. I also wore two pairs of trousers and rabbit lined gloves. Mr. Thompson was striding down the highway before I suddenly was aware of the man s hunting togs. He wore a cotton shirt and a tattered coat -no more. Unless you want to count his breeche, shoes and hat. "Shucks, I don't need no more clothes than this' Thompson said. ow we were sure that in addition to having to carry him home "piggy-back" we al 0 would have to sacrifice some of our garments to keep the fellow from freezing. Thompson was our guide since he had spent just about all of his 68 years in those woods and knew them like a book. We had little more than left the highway when we climbed a barbed-wire fence, the first of 6,345 uch fences that had to be negotiated. Then we cut sharply into an acre of briar, the first of 4,000 such acres of briars which were to te t our temper and stamina. All of us werejust pin cushion for harp briar needle. In inky darkness we \ alked down paths and \ hen there were no paths, we made some. p hill and down hill, aero s creeks and back across creeks, then down in the swamps we ,ent. Lewis Wharton, father of Charlie Wharton, former Outdoor Georgia writer, was master of hound. He is as comfortable in the briars and woods as the average man is at home neck deep in duck feather . After two hours and a half of walking, walking, the dogs treed a 'possum. It was a huge tree and we had to shoot the 'possum out. The dogs worked on the 'po sum in a hurry and so, we were cheated out of any fight that might have re ulted between dogs and quarry. o far as I was concerned this was a great time to go home. After all, it was almo t midnight and about time BORn nOT mADE! all ane people were in bed. Lewi Wharton brought down gloom and despair by announcing, "The night is young yet. As soon as we get a 'coon we will stopand build a fire." Pre ently, the dogs treed a 'coon and we shot it out of a huge tree and again the dog were denied a chance for a good fig.ht. A little after midnight we started a fire. Joe Thompson, the fellow we figured on carrying home was fresh as a dai y. Lewis Wharton never drew a heavy breath, but the rest of us flopped down on the damp ground and went to sleep almost instantly. During snatches of conciousness I faintly remember Thompson tearing down trees with his bare hands to keep the fire going and telling the party about the job he had as a soldier in the Spanish-American war. Ordinarily, people know when to go home but not 'coon hunters. One 'coon leaped out of a tree, outran the dogs and got away. So the hunters spent the rest of the night trying to track him down. It was nothing to get in mud over your shoe tops every mile. The only level land to be found was the bed of the creeks in the samps. Gray streaks in the skyline announced the coming of a new day. The most cheerful words ever uttered were tho e by Lewis Wharton and I quote, "Well I guess we might as well go in." Joe Thomp on not only remained full of vigor and vitality but pleaded for just one more three-mile circuit of the swamp. I \ as beginning to di like that fellow. Thompson said, "'Taint no di tance home. Hardly three or four miles." ow I under tand how people fed when they drop dead. When \ e hit the highway, Thompon streaked off as if he were chasing a scared rabbit. Wharton was right al~ng with him. The rest of us dragged along. When we reached the farm, Thompson had already had a pretty good nap and \ as getting up to milk the cows, feed the pigs and do a few other farm chores. It was downright disgusting the way the 68 year old young ter said, "I feel great. I'm not sleepy and I'm not tired. I'm glad I'm getting an early start today 'cause I got a lot of work to do." If somebody had told me we \vere going to hunt 'po - sum and 'coons ALL IGHT LO IG-it would have taken six Missouri mules to drag me out of my house. If you haven't been on a hunt of this type-be sure to go. You will enjoy the barking of the houllds. It is sweet music. Confound it, I wouldn't mind going on a good 'coon hunt just one more time. r-Lead, 'coon dog deluxe, could get into conine opera with his voice. He doesn't like to be neglected nor lelt alone and he is raising Hodes about it. A little study 01 this picture and you will realize why hound dogs make such beoutilul music in the woods. 2 Here is proal that 'coon hunters have too many vitamins. Howard Thorn (Ie It) and Cleve Roby do a little squirrel hunting waiting lor it to get darle enough to hunt 'possum and 'coon. 3-Lewis Wharton, who con run through briars and brush in the woods laster than a coHontail rabbit, was on the spot two minutes ofter the dogs treed a 'coon. "Bones.." at the Ie It, is standing on the tree while "Lead" talees it all in. 4-Meet Joe Thompson. He lought in the Spanish-American war and is 68 years young. He can whip his weight in wildcals, wolle 5,000 miles without stopping and can be happy with 30 minutes sleep a night. When he goes rabbit hunting he always runs along beside the rabbit and leels 01 it. 1/ it is lot enough, he drops bacle and pops it. Notice how he dresses with the temperature at the Ireezing marie. 8rrrrrrrr! 5-Lewis raises his arm as all true champions do. "Bones" left ;s about to spring up for the 'coon again. "Lawyer" braces himself against Lewis yearning to sink his teeth in the 'coon. "leod" in the loreground seems to express the leelings 01 most 01 the party and would rather be home in bed sleeping. 6-When shot out 01 the tree, the 'coon lell in the creele. The dogs hod him in a jiffy and it was all over. Lewis is mown here putting up a gallant bottle to to lee the 'coon away Irom the dogs. What Mr. Whorton is saying to those dogs at the time this picture was mode would malee these hound's ancestors blush with shame. 1/ you wont to lenow exactly where this spot is, here are the simple directions. Wolle 19 miles in the woods and alter you discover you are totally lost, turn lelt and wolle another mile and presto-you're there. (All photos by Joe Stearns.) Forestry Prospects Bright For 1944 W ITH the clanging of the bells announcing the entry of a ell' Year, Director J. M. Tinker, of the Department of Forestry places a stamp of approval on 1943 as a year in which much has been accomplished with prospect bright and cheerful for even greater accomplishments for 1944. In an annual report and resume of the activities of the Department to A sistant Director of Conservation elson hipp, Director Tinker outlined the following developments. Since July 1, 1943, 7 new counties have been added to the State's Fire Protection ystem. Five additional District Foresters were added, making a total of nine for the State-one for each Congressional Di trict in the tate except that Districts Five and line constitute one Forestry District. Farm Forestry work has been treno-thened by allotting 501t of the District Foresters' time to such work, and making provi ions for a Farm Marketing Aide for each District. A cooperative agreement with the Exten ion ervice to aid the farmers in marketing their timber ha been worked out whereby each County Agent will recommend one or more men in his County to be trained and upervised by the District Foresters and the Extension Forester to cruise and mark timber for sale by the farmers. A nominal fee will be charged for this service. A tate service to timberland owners has been inaugurated by the Department. This work is headed up by R. Bruce MacGreo-or, tate Marketing Aide for the Department, formerly District Forester at Gainesville. Mr. lacGregor keeps the District Fore ters up-to-date on markets and marketing of timber in order that they ma y give intelligent marketing service to the farmers and timber growers in their Districts. The Marketing Aide receives inquiries from both timber growers and buyer over the tate for information relative to prices, available supplies, etc. As i tance is given farmers and others in making appraisal of damages cau ed by forest fires. A State Forest Fire Patrol Sy tem has been tarted by equipping the tate Forester and the 9 District Foresters with fire-fighting equipment to carryon all occasions and to use to patrol highways for early morning warming fires on the sides of the roads \I hich, unless extino-uished, are potential forest fire starters. A cooperative agreement has been entered into with the State Game and Fish Commission, or Wildlife Divi- Less of this in 1944 is the aim of the Department of Forestry. 12 ion, for the u e of the Department's War County Forest as a game refuge. This area is now under intensive For estry management by the Fore try Department and is being used for g~l~le breeding by the Wildlife Di- VI IOn. cooperati"ve arrangement with the tate Highway Department idesio-ned to equip the County Maintenance Crell' with Fore t fire-fio-hting equipment to act a a nit of Civil ian Defen e in cooperation I ith this Department to protect valuable tand ing timber needed for the war effort. Plans have been prepared to put into action a fore try program in each county in th tate, the project to be completed by the end of 1944. Thi project is head~ up b the As i tant Director, Mr. H. D. ory, to be carried out along with hi other dutie of o-eneral upervi ion of the activities of the 9 District Fore ter and the 2 tate ur erie . A )lstem has been put into opera tion whereby any landowner in the State may obtain fire-fighting equipment at cost. This include Panama pump and hose, back pump, rake and Aaps. Requests for this equip ment have been heavy. The groundwork has been laid to work with the American Fore try Association in making a fore t appraisal in Georgia, thi work to be a joint undertakin 0- by this Department the Georgia Tech Engineering Experiment Station and the American Forestry Association. Preparation is well under way for a timber ale on Department fore ts at Baxley and Waycros involving cros ties, pulpwood, and awtimber. About 3,000 acres have been m"arked selectively for sale' the cutting to be made will be for improvement purpose removing worked-out turpentine timber, and needed thinnings. A re ident manager has been put in charge of the Coastal Flatwoods Area of 37000 acres of forests in Ware County, to insure proper management and protection. Regular 50-50 cooperation under Clarke-Mc ary Forest Fire Control continues in effect with the Federal Forest ervice, and in addition, protection of critical military areas in the tate is maintained under the tate y tem aOnd financed 1007r by Federal funds,several nel areas being brought under protection this year. OUTDOOR GEORGIA January 1944 SOllle Things Yon Didn't Know About Your STATE CAPITOL THOSE brown pages of our history books reveal some fascinatinO' facts and figures on our tate Capitol. Few of us really know very much about the tate Capitol. Many of u never su pected that during the battle of Atlanta herman and his men camped on the ground where the Capitol now stands. Apparently there was a great deal of indeci ion on exactly where the tate Capitol hould be located. Before it wa decided to erect it in Atlanta, the Capitol \ as located in avannah, Augusta, Loui ville and Milledgeville. Legi lature appropriated money for the building of the pre ent building. A committee was appointed to investigate the marble deposit in Georgia to determine if it wa ufficient in quantity for the building. The committee reported that the depo it \ as not large enough and so our tate Capitol i built of Indiana limestone. Actually, the marble investigating committee found no tool, machinery or indu try and these facts influenced their report. Immediately after that, people interested in marble from a commercial tandpoint went into business on a large scale. We have since discovered that we have enough marble to build every state capitol in America and not make a dent in our deposits. Work on the State Capitol started October 26, 1884, and was completed June 15, 1889. It took five years to build it and the cost was 999,881.S0-nearly a million bucks. Remarkably enough, this was less than the amount appropriated, and considerable money was turned back to the state trea ury. Georgia marble wa used inside the building as trimming and flooring. Along the sides of the walls on the main floor one ee Etowah marble (pink) which displays a wide variety of beautiful color. Some of the columns in the building give the appearance of Etowah marble but actually, it isn't marble at all but rather an artificial material which trie unsuccessfully to look the part. Captain Garla~d Peyton, Director of the Department of Mines, and his taff showed kill and foresight in arranging and preparing one of the most elaborate mineral displays in merica. The mineral display are on the fourth floor and ~re a great part of one of the best mueums in the country, a re ult of State participation in Federal Fund. There are over 10,000 Georgia minerals on display, grouped in the order of their value industrially, economically and educationally. In addition there are miniature working models of mining and proces ing operations. The museum shows many wild'life pecimens and several large mural give the exhibit a spectacular touch. The Capitol rests on a foundation of Georgia granite. 'The ~a tings and girders are believed to be made from native Iron ores. Th-e door and wainscoatinO' throughout the building are of oak and are now extremely valuable. The 'modern convenience' rooms, are done in Tennes ee marble. In practically all of the offices one \ ill find the old fa hioned OUTDOOR GEORGIA January 1944 '~ ,( .- -.' , ,.'~ ; fireplaces. Most of them have been sealed or cleverly covered up, but they are still there. The Senate chamber is done in oak whiie the House chamber is in cherrywood. The Capitol is 1050 feet above sea level according to a Geological Survey Bench Mark set in the granite on the left as you enter the front of the building. The statue of Tom Watson, standing in front of the building a few feet from the step6, stands on Lithonia granite. And this little bit of information we are happy to pass along. Thefe are elevator , two splendid elevators, in the tate Capitol. Time and again, we have seen visitors climb the steps to the fourth floor and gasp for breath like a model A after a long uphill drive. 13 Recharging Your "Batteries JJ T HERE comes a time in every man's life when he feels the need of a sure "cure" for fatigue. One war worker expressed himself expertly by comparing the human body with an alarm clock. He claimed both will run down if not given proper attention. Recreation and relaxation are pleasant methods of recharging your "batteries". Our state parks, therefore, take on new importance in providing Georgians with a place to go just to sort of get away from it all. Hunters and fishermen are pleased with the State Parks since they understand that these areas are wildlife refuges. One may see hundreds of squirrels gamboling under the trees in the picnic area at Indian Springs. Visitors often sit for hours, fascinated as the squirrels put on their show. At Laura S. Walker State Park near Waycross', the large lake still retains its honor of being one of the best places to fish in the South. This State Parl~s Havens of Rest and Relaxation; Also Serve As wildlife Refuges lake ~i11 never be "fished out". Fish- ermen are allowed to try the e waters three days a week. One might see the eyes and a small portion of the head of an alligator in this wonderful lake. As you approach the 'gator, it suddenly vanishes under the water and is gone until all is calm again. Fishermen have little trouble getting the limit of bass and bream when they are biting. We can well imagine what might happen to this lake if it were opened up with no restrictions or creel limit. In the lake at Pine Mountain State Park, mallards have adopted that body of water as a permanent home. These beautiful ducks paddle up to the dock and race each other for choice tidbits tossed to them. The Okefenokee wamp Park has the brightest future of all State Park areas. When restriction on tire_ and gasoline have been lifted after the war, thi park i expected to have more vi itor than all the others com. bined. Here the wild turkey alliga. tors, black bear, coons o'po um live in safety. The boardwalk is the only means by which one may enter the swamp on foot. The view from the tall observation tower is something all tourists , ill write home about. The protection of wildlife in the State Park areas serves a splendid purpo e. It helps restock the area near the parks and thus improve h~nting in general. R. Wani Harri on, Director of the Department of tate Park , has prom ised to. have all of the area ready for vi itor and tourists at the fir t hint of spring. Magnificent Vogel tate Park in it mountain setting wa forced to operate on a strict wartime ba is last year. Yet this park never failed during the entire season to fill all of the rooms at the Inn and also the cabins near the lake. Your State Parks are friendly reo treats that welcome your visit any time you care to drop in. BOYHOOD FRIENDS My maple silvered the sunlight, My cot1onwood shimmered with dew; But my sweetgum tree was a friend to me: It gave me something to chew. -Wightman F. Melton. Yew don't have to take large baskets loaded with lood to have a picnic in a State Park. rhe camera caught this lad doing right well with a cup 01 ice cream at Indian Springs. 14 Answers Conservation Please (Continued Irom Page 8) l-By clamping shell shut on hand under water. 2-A surly wild boar. 3-Lung fish. 4-Tea. S-O'possum. 6-lndiana limestone. 7-False. It all depends on the weather conditions. OUTDOOR GEORGIA January 1944 Let's Tall~ About Dog's "Man's Best Friend" Most Intelligent Member of Animal Kingdom ME TIO of a family tree brings to mind some interesting facts about dogs. It is no secret that dogs have been interested in trees long before mankind began to delve into genealogy in an effort to trace Uncle Hocum's great grandfather to a second class passenger's berth aboard the Mayflower. We hardly realize just how complete a social circle embraces the canine world until we see the dog fancier get down on his knees and open the safe, extracting papers three yards long proving his dog to have rich, blue blood flowing in his veins. Actually all dogs are purely and simply tractable wolves and by the same token, all wolves today are nothing more than wild dogs. The dog is the first animal to be domesticated by man. .Authorities who have used up hundreds of hours tracing the ancestors of dogs have reached no definite conclusion other than that all canines are descended from the Eurasiatic wolf. Just about 20 or 30 million years ago, the dog was a slender, short-legged animal not much larger than a mink. All were hunters that trailed their quarry mile after mile. The intelligence and adaptability of the dog has never changed. Unlike the cat which prefers to hunt alone, the dog learned years ago to hunt in packs or families. Realizing that their short legs would not permit them to run down swift prey, the dog families would map a course over }Vhich a deer or antelope would be pursued. The dogs then would chase their prey in relays until it was exhausted and easily slain. This great spirit of cooperation was highly developed. Contrary to popular opinion, greed in dogs is evident only ~ hen they feel they will be deprived of their own food. Where food is sufficient, there is evidence of dogs feeding the aged members of the ) LiHle Billy Hitch has IiHle to worry about as long as Eric, Great Dane owned by Bill Flynn, 01 Dorchester, stands guard. Proal of the highly developed intelligence of a dog, Eric watches every move Billy makes when he is near the swimming pool. The Great Dane stays on the rim of the pool until all the children leave. OUTDOOR GEORGIA January 1944 family or the infirm. So we learn that "man's best friend" since early history has been a fast runner, intelligent, sociable and with a highly developed sense of cooperation. In the 17th century, sporting dogs were listed as: dogs used to find deer or to chase game (pointing hounds) -and dogs used to flush feathered game (spaniels). In those days, the spaniels were hunted along with falcons, a practice which is reported to exist today. Hounds always have been listed either as "sight hounds" or "scent hounds". Few of us have ever attached any significance to a dog examining and leaving his mark on a tree, a rock or a bush but in the canine world, this action is extremely important. It serves as a means of communication with each other. It might well be called a bulletin board. By this method, dogs know who lives in the neigh- borhood. They are able to tell others that this is their kingdom and home and to keep moving if he is a stranger. They know instantly, from the bulletin board, if a stranger is in their woodland territory. Their nose tells them if the stranger is young or old, male or female. One whiff and they know whether the stranger is ill, well, infirm or in trouble. If a wolf is being hunted, he leaves a message which announces the danger. By this means, the word is spread throughout the entire community. And so, we now know, that the tree in dogland is a sort of social register or a 'Who's Who.' Eyen Mr. Bob Ripley might arch his eyebrows at this bit of information. The first dog show, in case you are interested, was held in England in 1859. When we feel sorry for a neighbor or a friend we often say, "He leads a dog's life." But there again we are prone to exaggerate for the dog lives a more complete and satisfactory life than many of the less fortunate members of the animal kingdom. IS Hunters Praise State Rangers, Report 200 Bucl~s Bagged U THIS MONTH'S REel PE ---ATIIIJL By Ewell G. Pigg The first extensive open deer season in some years for a large portion of orth Georgia has ended. According to the reports of Rangers Chester and Dockery almost two hundred bucks were declared taken in the entire area. Ranger J. L. Chester whose territory is designated as the Blue Ridge Management Area reported having checked the licenses of 181 different persons during the hunt. On the opening morning, cars were parked in almost every gap along the Blue Ridge, and the hunters were sitting by camp fires awaiting the time to take their stands. One group at Justis Gap had a large tent with a portable light plant, and their establishment had the appearance of a tiny city. Many interesting incidents were noted during the season. One of the most striking concerns C. L. English, of Cornelia. He came in one Saturday at noon at a time and place where, according to the hunters who knew all the rules and signs, there should be no chance of seeing a deer. Yet, within an hour he was back at his car with a spike buck and was going back for his second. He did not get his second that day, but was back on the following Saturday and was reported to have killed a six pointer within a short time. Probably the youngest hunter whose license was checked was nine year old 1. B. Langley, who came up several times with his father, C. B. Langley, of Atlanta. The latter was noted on one occasion perched in a tree near a game trail with a 75 lb. Osage bow in his hand and a quiver of broadheads on his back. oteworthy was the presence on a nearby branc~ of his 250-3000 Savage. The courtesy and cooperativeness of the rangers and wardens were outstanding at all times. They were on the job constantly, and we all looked forward to a moment's talk with them as we left our stands at midday to get notes on where the best hunting areas seemed to be and news of the latest kills. Many a tall tale was woven of the big buck that had shown up down wind and had jumped on the scent before the surprised hunter could reverse his position for a shot. There were the stories of the does who played around within range for minutes on end. 16 Among the lamentable occurrences of the season were the wounded deer reported. Many hunters took chance shots and left deer carrying wounds that perhaps proved fatal days later. It is hoped that next year there will be a strict regulation on the type of weapon and ammunition that are permissible. There were many reports of deer wounded with 22's and bird shot. All of us who failed to get one are unanimously in favor of restricting the bag limit to one buck. The period of regulation has helped give us again the shooting that our grandfathers knew and only a limitation on the season and kill will maintain it. The anticipation of the moment when one will finally view the middle shoulder of a ten pointer through his gun sights will keep many a man going again and again to the hills to come home empty handed and cold as the skies darken over Sassafra!' Mountain. And with the closing of the season he will dream of the opening day next year. ill) J) !J JJ) !J I:JIUUUUl tit. gtaJu, Buck Deer Blitzes Coyote The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service's bulletin "Wildlife in Wartime" recounts the following unusual episode witnessed by Predatory Animal Hunter Charles Vest, employed by the Fish and Wildlife Service in Johnson County, Wyoming: While watching two coyotes in the bottom of a draw, Vest heard a noise from another direction. Turning, he observed a big coyote running at top speed with a buck deer in hot pur~uit. The deer overtook the coyote, knocked him down with his front feet, then jumped on him with all four feet. After taking a hard pounding, the coyote managed to crawl into a brush patch, where he was easily finished off by the government hunter. At the latter's approach, the buck ran off, followed by three does. Now He Doesn't Like 'Possums A pipeline worker from Pennsylvania, who had been leaving his lunch on the rear seat of his car, according to Pennsylvania Game News, OPOSSUM STUFFl G 1 large onion, chopped fine. 1 table poon fal. Opo um liver, if desired. 2 cup bread crumbs. hopped red pepper. Dash Worcestershire auce. 1 hard-cooked egg, chopped fine. alt. . Brown ~nion in fal. Add finely chopped o po um hv.er and cook until liver is tender. Add crumbs, a I,ule red pepper, Worce. tershire sauce, egg, salt and water to moisten. BAKED RACCOON Parboil raccoon for 30 minutes to 1 hour remove from liquor and place in roaster: Add onion, carrot and apple. Dredge with salt and ildd pepper. Add an inch or two of broth and bake until tender (about 2 hours). Tomato catsup and mu tard may be put on 'coon while baking or just before taking from oven to serve. had been missing choice morsels for several days. Then one day he found all the meat gone from his sandwiches, his fruit completely consumed and the paper bag badly torn. When he attempted to drive his car home that night, it refused to start and had to be towed to a garage. There a mechanic found a mother opossum, with twelve young in her pouch, hiding under the dash, where she had chewed the insulation off the wiring and had short-circuited the ignition system. The pipeliner is now convinced that thirteen is an unlucky number and has lost whatever fondness for 'possums he may once have possessed. A FRIEND OF LITTLE CHILDREN If I cannot be a wise man, guided by a star, Let me be an humble shepherd, as all my people are; For, though I cannot bring rich gifts to Mary and her Son, And though a lonely hillside is my only Parthenon, I can feel the heaven's glory - can hear the angels sing, And I know they are proclaiming the advent of a King. When Mary saw the costly gifts: gold, frankincense and myrrh, I sometimes wonder - wonder if they meant as much to her As the fleecy little blankets that wrapped her Blessed Child; And, somehow, when I think of this, I'm always reconciled To stay out in the lonely fields and follow up the sheep That there may be warm blankets where 1;"le children sleep. - Wightman F. Me/ten. OUTDOOR GEORGIA January 1944 (Continued from Page 8) were headed for Augusta. Each passenger regulated the air conditioning system to suit his own comfort. One also has his own individual light for reading papers, magazines, books or writing letters_ The earth seemed wrapped in a deep mist that blotted out visibility. Shortly an ashen, pearly sky announced the break of day. The inside of the plane seemed larger than the inside of a big bus. ow it was bright enough to see the earth and getting brighter. We had little or no vibration. The hum of the wind was enough to lull one to sleep. A red, lazy sun tuck its crown up on the horizon and seemed to yawn. Clouds were neatly arranged across the heaven like dark pencils. You feel a cleanness and your cares are few. The earth appears to be a tremendous crazy quilt. Each patch is a farm. A conservationist will note the ugly scars of soil erosion. Otherwise Georgia looks beautiful stretched out below. You have the sensation of floating. We are near Augusta and still haven't used up an hour. Byautomobile it is a good five hours on prewar tires and at high speed. A forest fire sends up a great column of smoke that blots out the view for miles. You note a Forest Ranger fighting the blaze. There must be others helping. You feel at once that this fire will leave a blackened blemish on an otherwise beautiful pattern of earth. The impression you have that Georgia has an abundance of trees vanishes. Trees are there but not as many as you expected. Huge patches show where man has tilled and farmed the good earth. Much land is denuded, deserted and raw. You understand better why the State Forestry Division stresses reforestation. We fasten belts about us and our giant bird slips gracefully into the Augusta airport. Your ears pop and you can hardly hear voices about you. In a matter of moments you are on solid land. It feels good. What you have seen makes you proud to be a Georgian. You' have time for a soft drink and the trip is resumed. We take off again. Pilot John Van Vuren handles the plane expertly and wins your confidence although you don't even see him. A few scattered lakes glitter like giant mirrors flung into the earth. At this hour of the morning the bass and bream are feeding. The two giant motors are purr- ing like a contented house cat. Daisy serves the passengers chewing gum. Happy day! She puts a pillow beneath your head and you're at peace in a troubled world. There on the right is the Savannah River. It is stretched out like a giant serpent. It seems to stumble over its own course. Floating this river from Augusta to Savannah is the slowest possible way to travel, even slower than walking. There is good fishing in the old Savannah River and at this time of the year, you might get some good duck shooting. The river seems to be following us all the way in. A train puffs along leaving a trail of white smoke in its wake. It resembles a giant caterpillar creeping along. The sun splashes rays against the large silver wings of the plane. Daisy tells us we are traveling 175 miles per hour and we are 3,000 feet up. That is something to think about. There are people who can remember back when Barney Oldfield slipped on his goggles, stepped into his horseless carriage and prepared to smash all speed records. The newspapermen were on hand. A gun was fired and Barney raced away. That night Barney was a national hero. Headlines told an anxious, startled world the amazing news. Barney had traveled 60 miles per hour cracking all records wide open. He had traveled faster than any human being on earth. People fought madly to see him and some felt privileged just to touch this super-man. But today you read the morning paper, 3,000 feet in the air and moving 175 per hour. Almost three times as fast as Barney traveled. And our motors were not trying too hard. obody seemed to give it a thought. What is in store for us 25 years from now? Airplanes are shrinking the world. I didn't dare leave my window for a moment because I sort of expected to see Mrs. Roosevelt go by. We land in Savannah. We have been riding one hour and 55 minutes. Children are going to school. It's hard to believe. C. E. Woolman. Vice-President and General Manager' of Delta didn't forget" a thing when it comes to making the passengers comfortable and happy. It is comforting to know that Delta has never had a crash. Oh yes-about the purpose of the trip. Did you know that fish will stop biting over night and that you can hunt all day without pulling a trigger? OUTDOOR GEORGIA January 1944 ,,, (Continued from Page 5) immediately after birth while the lion cub is more or less helpless. The bear cub also is helpless. The ape mother produces a single child which is nursed the same as a human child. The ling is the champion producer of eggs, often spawning as many as 28" 000,000. By comparison, the salmon is a sissy with only 10,000,000. A platter of shad roe contains from 25,000 to 150,000 eggs and if you don't believe it-next time you have shad roe just count 'em. Superstition and rumor seem to have the right-of-way over truth and facts. The general impression is that snakes and lizards bask in the warmth of a hot sun and suffer no harmful effects. Actually a rattlesnake would not live more than ten minutes in the sun with the temperature at 96 or better. A Granite Night. Lizard was released in the shade one hot summer and it scampered out into the sun. It suddenly stopped, opened its mouth, drew a labored breath or two and then died. Some species of lizards are experienced sun bathers and survive sun rays for a reasonable length of time but few, if any, can remain comfortable under a scorching sun for long. On very hot days even rabbits will seek shelter. Man on hot days consumes great 'luantities of water to keep his cooling system in working order. The giraffe is the only living creature which trots and gallops at the same time. His front legs gallop and his rear legs trot. The word 'giraffe's means' the one who moves swiftly. The sun bittern, a pretty little bird of the American tropics has a strange way of protecting itself. Under ordinary circumstances it will stretch its long neck and fly to safety when danger threaten~. But when surprised or pressed, it will flatten against the ground, spread its lustrous plumage around its small body, throw back its neck and head and pretend to be a dangerous coiled snake, ready to strike. He sways his head back and forth and hisses ferociously. The frigate, or man-o'-war bird is a pirate. He robs other fish-eating birds of their catches.... There are over 4,000 varieties of rice grown. . . . Probably the most 'exclusive dog in the world' is the Plott hound. . . . The breed was developed by the Plott family for one purpose only-use in America's rarest sport, wild boar hunting in the Great Smokies.... 17 November Summary of Cases Disposed of For Game and Fish Violations Arresting Officer DEFENDANT Autry, J. N. E. O. White, Decatur Autry, J. N. Clyde Wright, Atlanta Autry, J. N. D. M. Wright, Atlanta Autry, J. N. l. J. Winburn, Atlanta Cox, E. B. W. K. Solervan, Bainbridge Dyer, H. l. Evan Goforth, Chatsworth Dyer, H. l. Charles Goforth, Chatsworth Dyer, H. l. Troy Coram, Chatsworth Hardy, Tom l. H. Holland, Atlanta Harrell, C. l. J. F. Larkin, Hoboken Harrell, C. l. W. A. Edgar, Brunswick Harrell, C. l. George A. Mills,. Brunswick Harrell, J. W. B. T. Copland, Kite Harrell, J._W. Rufus Williams, Kite Holmes, J. S. Hoke Bulloch, Greenville Holmes, J. S. Robert Daniel, Manchester Holmes, J. S. l. C. Tockett, Atlanta Holmes, J. S. Hoke Bulloch, Manchester 'Holmes, J. S. Robert Daniel, Manchester Holmes, J. S. Ralph Dunn, Greenville Holmes, J. S. B. I. Gilbert, Greenville Holmes, J. S. James O. Cohen, LaGrange Reid, M. A. J..T. Beall, Atlanta Rogers, Edd Carl Henson, Canton Ross, Oscar W. K. Solerman, Bainbridge Smith, J. H. Junior Crawford, Eastman Smith, J. H. Jack Bell, Eastman 'Smith, J. H. Isah Newson, Eastman Smith, W. M. Emmet Summerlin, Lake Park Selph, J. H. Eugene Dewelle, Scarboro Spears, R. E. J. T. Moseley, Augusta Spears, R. E. Tom Seago, Augusta Spears, R. E. Vann, J. E. Vann, J. E. Vann, J. E. Wehunt, Clyde Wehunt, Clyde Wehunt, Clyde Young, C. G. Dan Hoover, Augusta W. E. Colson, Woodbine A. E. Cage, Kingsland W. W. Davis, Folkston W. H. Ash, Sisco J. F. Nix, Rome S. H. Kelly, Jr., Rome John Harrison, Faulk, Unadilla 18 CHARGED WITH DISPOSITION Hunting quail out of season $15 fine Hunting without license $5 fine Hunting without license $5 fine Hunting out of season & without license $25 fine Hunting without license $10 fine Dynamiting stream $35 and cost Dynamiting stream $35 and cost Dynamiting stream $35 and cost Fishing without license $25.75 Hunting without license Cost of court Hunting deer w'ith spot light $75 including cost Hunting deer with fire light $75 including cost Grabbing or hand fishing Not guilty Hand fishing Shooting doves out of seaso~ Not guilty (Meriwether Co.) Hunting out of season Not guilty (Meriwether Co.) Hunting without license Probated sentence Hunting out of season Not guilty (Meriwether Co.) Shooting doves out of season Hunting out of se~son Not guilty (Meriwether Co.) $25 including cost Hunting out of season $25 including cost Hunting without license $25 and cost Fishing without license No bill (Jasper Co.) Hunting raccoon out of season $25 fine Hunting without license $10 fine Hunting without license $5.25 fine Hunting without license $5.25 fine Hunting without license $5.25 fine Hunting out of season $20 fine Hunting ducks without license Cost of court Hunting without license $7 fine Selling fresh water fish without license 6 mo. suspended sentence and made to buy license Hunting without license $5 fine Fire-hunting $75 including cost of court Fire-hunting $75 including cost of court Hunting without license $10.20 cost of court Hunting without license No bill (Murray Co.) Fishing without license No bill (Murray Co.) Fishing without license No bill (Murray Co.) Poisoning fish $25 court cost or 30 days in jail and 12 mo. probation OUTDOOR GEORGIA January 1944 1943-44 GEORGIA GAME LAWS Seasons And 8ag Limits Pursuant to the Act of the General Assembly of Georgia, approved February 8, 1943, ereatine a STATE GAME AND FISH COMMISSIO , the following rules and reculations are hereby promuleated and adopted by the DIRECTOR, and approved by the COMMISSION, to-wit: RESIDENT GAME Bear Deer (a) (Bucks only) Rabbits (c) (with gun and dog) Squirrels a/possum (with gun and dog) Raccoon (with gun and dog) Fox (Dogs only) Quail Wild Turkey Ruffed Grouse Alligators Sea Turtles & Eggs MIGRATORY GAME Doves Ducks (b) Geese and Brant (b) Wood Duck Woodcock Jacksnipe Coot "Marsh Hen" or Clapper Rail Other Rail Gallinule TRAPPING Rabbits (Box Trapping) Fox, a/possum, Mink Muskrat, Raccoon Skunk, Wildcat Beaver and Otter OPEN SEASON (All Dates Inclusive) Nov. 20-Feb. 28 Nov. 1-Jan. 5 Nov. 20-Mar. 1 Oct. 15-Jan. 15 Nov. 20-Feb. 28 Nov. 20-Feb. 28 No closed season Nov. 20-Mar. 1 Nov. 20-Mar. 1 No open season No open season No open season Dec. 1-Jan. 11 Nov. 2-Jan. 10 Nov. 2-Jan. 10 Nov. 2-Jan. 10 No open season No open season Nov. 2-Jan. 10 Sept. 1-Nov. 30 Sept. 1-Nov. 30 Sept. 1-Nov. 30 Sept. 15-Mar. 1 Nov. 20-Mar.1 Nov. 20-Mar 1 Nov. 20-Mar. 1 No open season Daily Bae Limit No limit 2 SeallOn BaeLimit No limit 2 No limit No limit 15 I No limit No limit No limit No limit No limit 15 2 No limit I No limit I No limit 2 POll_ion BaeUmit No limit 2 No limit 15 No limit , No limit No limit 30 (Ab. weeki,. u..tt) 2 10 No limit 10 10 No limit 20 2 No limit 4 1 No limit 1 25 25 15 15 No limit No limit No limit No limit No limit 25 No limit No limit No limit No limit No limit No limit No limit 25 15 15 , No limit No limit No limit No limit EXCEPTIONS a. In coUnties of Dawson, Fannin, Gilmer, Habersham, Lumpkin, Murray, Pickens, Rabun, ToWlD, Union, and White, the season is Nov. I-Dee. 1. b. Ducks and Geese: No open seaspn on Ross' eoose. swan and snow eoose. Daily bae limit of Bnftlehead and Redhead duck, not over 3 in the aggregate; possession limits, ducks not over 20 in the aegreeate. c. Special permit needed to hoot rabbits out of season. HOURS FOR SHOOTING MIGRATORY BIRDS ARE FROM ONEHALF HOUR BEFORE SUNluSE TO SUNSET. ALL GUNS LIMITED TO A CAPACITY OF THREE SHELLS. OUTDOOR GEORGIA January 1944 19 Evelyn Fr1tz Librarion Ser1n.la Division . 11 of GeorgiA I4b I, Athena _ II * COVER PAGES * Pearly Byars, of Oliver, calling his hounds. The sound of that horn is music to the ears of a true hunter. And make no mistake that the dog does not know the meaning of a toot from the horn. In fact, dogs often bark back an answer. It is a simple means of communication between master and hounds, yet highly efficient. One of the many entrances that lead into the fascinating Okefenokee Swamp. This 1,000 foot boardwalk leads to the docks at Billy's Lake. Moving picture experts trod these planks many days in the making of the film, "Swamp Water." The dearth of rain during the past months would permit passage on dry earth all the way to the docks. During rainy spells, the water reaches to within inches of the top of this walk. (Photo by M. H. Berry.) !In CCkis !Jssue Page "A Bird in the Hand ... " 2 Democrat or Republican? 3 lost Industry 4-5 Dr. f. P. Creaser "When a Man Starts Hunting and Fishing He Begins to live" 7 You Tell 'Em 8 Joe Stearns Wildlife Tidbits 8 Free lunch For Six 9 Gold Star Papa Joe Stearns Kolomoki Indian Mounds 10-11 12 1943 longleaf Seed Crop Best In Eight Years. 13 Joseph C. Kircher Outdoor Writers Find "Promised land" In Georgia 14-15 Vast Hidden Mineral Wealth 16 Captain Garland Peyton December Summary of Cases Disposed of For Game and Fish Violations 18 1943-44 Georgia Game laws 19 How many birds have you left crippled or dead in the field this year? How many times have you heard hunters say they knocked down birds, but couldn't find them. It is estimated that duck hunters actually bag less than half the birds they shoot. Quail hunters generally lose three birds for every 10 they bag. A hunter reported to the Game and Fish Commission last month that he shot down three mallards, two drakes and a hen, and saw them float across a river that was too deep to wade and too wide to swim. Another reported that he and two companions lost 15 quail on a two-day hunt because their dogs couldn't or wouldn't find them. This brings up the retriever again. Georgia hunters, as a whole, have ignored the importance of specializing retrieving. They have been content to depend on the moods of their pointers and setters, the great majority of which will not retrieve dead birds. Only occasionally does a first class bird-finder come along in these breeds. Pointers and setters that retrieve are generally temperamental. They'll work one day and quit the next. Pointers are not equipped to prod the heavy cover and briar patches characteristic of our quail shooting areas. Sharp briars and thorns turn them back. And this is the dominant hunting breed in this state, although this doesn't mean that setters are not just as good, or better. Finding and pointing live birds is the primary duty of pointers and setters, and the dog that does this, along with handling well, backing and retrieving, is almost a freak in this day of fast, wideranging animals. Retrieving perhaps is asking too much of a dog that is bred to big-running. This is why Outdoor Georgia brings up the subject of specialized retrieving breeds, or dogs trained to bring in the cripples. We know a gunner who took 17 ducks in two days during the last week of the season that ended in January. He said he would have bagged only 10 if he hadn't used a springer spaniel that fought through heavy grass and watery slush for birds that fell out of his reach. The use of a good retriever is wise conservation. It puts birds in the bag that otherwise would be picked up by predators or varmints. We would not care to suggest a breed, for dog owners have their own likes and dislikes. And the best retrievers sometimes are terriers or non-descripts of unknown parentage. But we would like to pass along another reminder that your day's hunt can be more successful behind a dog that will hunt dead birds with interest and enthusiasm and bring them out of briars and water with a tender mouth and with his head high and his tail wagging with pride and accomplishment. Think it over - the idea of a specialist in the field. There's another hunting season ahead and now is the time to start hunting for a dead-birdfinder, a retriever that will bring 'em out of the bush and lay 'em in your hand. FEBRUARY, 1944 Volume XII, No. VII JOE l. STEARNS, Editor Published monthly b,' The GeorRia Game and Fish Commission, 414 State Capito!. Atlanta, Ga., in the interest of GeorRia wildlife and for fishermen, hunters, nature lovers and conservation of natural resources. Yearly subscriptions to United States and its possessions, and Canada, $1; other countrie., $1.50. Subscribers must notify us of chanRe of addres.. four weeks in advance of next publication date, giving both old and new addreRs. Contents of this ma2azine may be reprinted if due credit is ai\"en Outdoor Georgia and author of stories reprinted. This m8~azine is gl,.,d to receive photos, drawings, stories nnd articles dealing with outdoor subjects, but cannot guarantee return of unsoliciteo contributions nor insure against their loss. Contributions not accompanier! by ~utricient postage will not be returned. Entered as 2nd class matter AUlr.lSt 31, 1940, at the post office at Atlanta. under the Act of March 3, 1879. WILLIAMS PTG. CO. ATLANTA Delllocrat or Republic~n? Doesn't Matter When Youre Going Fishing WHE a man goes fishing or hunting with you, he doesn't ask whether you are a Republican or a Democrat. That was Republican Governor Bricker's barbwire answer to critics who asked him why he named George Troutman, a Democrat, as Chairman of the State Conservation Commission. George has a capacity for taking on loads of work. In addition to his duties with the Ohio Commission, he is president of the American Association of baseball clubs and also chairman of a post-war planning commission. A fellow so tangled up in business affairs has little or no time for hunting and fishing. George did manage to take a few days off recently and visit his home in Valdosta. And, of course, when you are in Valdosta you just can't help but go fishing and hunting because you are right in the middle of both. George did both. Troutman explained Ohio's smooth-running conservation program. In brief, it functions to near perfection because it has the backing of the sportsmen. There are over 300 sportsmen's clubs in Ohio, all of them well organized and active_ The violator and game hog would have little chance to disrupt the program because--well, because simply-the sportsmen just wouldn't stand for it. Ohio schools have text books on conservation and special courses on the subject. Little wonder Ohio takes in over a million dollars in hunting licenses each year. Game laws are observed and bag limits respected because sportsmen demand it. George asked to be excused so far as suggesting something for Georgia was concerned. "I don't wllnt anybody to think. I am down here trying to tell them how to run their business. I will say this much: This state has a splendid conservation commission. It is a darn shame they do not have a 100 per cent backing from all Georgia sportsmen. If this state had 300 organized, active sportsmen's clubs, giving their support to the commission-you wouldn't have a thing t'O worry about." Troutman is a Georgia cracker at heart. He loves the beautiful Georgia woods and lakes. He doesn't mind telling anybody that this state has perfect climate and ideal conditions for abundant wildlife. He has hunted in the Valdosta section many times and is happy to tell about seeing deer, wild turkey, quail and plenty of doves. ) George Troutman, President of the American Association and Chief of the Deportment of Conservation of Ohio, is on ardent booster for Georgia hunting and fishing. George was in Valdosta when this photo was taleen. OUTDOOR GEORGIA February, 1944 "It may be a matter of education. It definitely isn't enforcement, because no ranger on earth can be in a dozen places at one time. When the sportsmen organize and roll up their sleeves in behalf of your conservation department, Georgia will be the greatest hunting state in the country. How can it miss?" Troutman asks. The Ohio Chairman says he is acquainted with people in Valdosta who wiII drop their affairs on a moment's notice and take off for the woods or to a lake. "You don't have to beg or coax people in Valdosta to go hunting. You have to stop them, if, anything. They love hunting and fishing, and who can blame them. I know one fellow who will sit in a boat all day and not catch a thing, but when he gets home he will say he has had a whale of a time. ow, if he hooks a fish, he might be classified as temporarily insane," George chuckled. It was good to talk to the Ohio chief and get his ideas. We have long recognized education and sportsmen's clubs as the principal weapons in the defen~ of sane conservation of our natural resources. LO By E. P. CREASER SupeTTJisor Coastal Fisherie. T HE decline of the Oyster Industry in Georgia pre . sents one of the darkest pages in conservation history. Man-made laws have completely upset natural laws. A business which today would be worth no less than $3,000,000 annually to the State is virn:ally gone and at this moment is floundering well down towards the bottom of the list of State industries. The responsibility for the decline rest5 equally with the commercial fisheries, the law enforcement agencies and with legislative groups. There were no biological disasters, floods, hurricanes or epid.mics to blame. Many persons have requested an explanation of the reasons for the decline of our oyster industry. A fair analysis of the situation is not always of a complimentary nature. An understan'ding of the needs of an oys ter hinges directly upon a knowledge of the life history of the animal. Both of these are necessary before adequate conservation can be passed. This, of course, is true of all conservation legislation. True conservation laws are those designed to protect the animals concerned and not necessarily the per son who htmts or takes them. The oyster belongs to that group of animals known as the Mollusca. The Mollusca include snails, fr.esh water clams, salt water clams, oysters, chambered nautilus, the octopus and squids. The oyster, in which the sexes are sep- arate, deposits eggs into the water, where fertilization with the male element takes place. . Development is very rapid and the one- celled fertilized egg divides and grows so that within a few hours it becomes a small oyster with a protruding wimming plate rimmed with fine bristles which propel the animal through the water. This free swimming stage lasts about two weeks, r -Oysters are lifted from the bed. That mud Rat in the bocleground would have been covered with then the little oyster settles down to set up housekeeping in one place (providing it can find a place). This period is the most critical oysters if proper replanting had been in order. 2-Tongs grasp the oysters and rip them from their beds. 3~This worle- in the IHe of the oyster. If it settles to the bottom and finds an old oyster shell, an old stump., log, piling, whiskey bottle, sunken barge, old er is lifting de si ra bl e oysters i n t 0 his boat. 4-0ysters for the marIe eta n d oysters taleen from Georgia waters are cable or a lost outboard motor, it can attach itself to this object and start to grow. If it finds nothing among the best' in the world, 5-/nspection of a bed of oysters, These are known as "coon" oysters. NDUSTRY Story 0/ the Oyster is park,1 Page) ( In Our Conservation History Book but barren mud or sand flats to settle on the poor oyster is covered by the shifting elements and dies. Once favorably attached, the oyster grows very rapidly and in Georgia waters within two years will be four or five inches long. If left there long enough, the oyster eventually may reach an age of 15 years and be 8 or 10 inches long. Oysters are marketable when they are 3 years old. The oyster in Georgia usually grows in clusters of what are called coon oysters. The oysten grow on one another, and eventually a conglomerate mass of shells of all different sizes grow together. In removing them a great many small oysters are destroyed. To counteract this the oysters should be culled; that is, sorted. and the small oysters replaced on the beds. In general practice the oysters on a certain area are grown to a standard size to prevent the necessity of extreme culling. Shell or sticks or singles are placed on the oyster beds so that the oyster spat can have a place to fasten. Since this shell or wood can be quickly covered with plant growth or mud they are ordinarily placed on the oyster beds only a short while before the oysters start laying eggs. This in Georgia is in Mayor June, when the water temperature reaches about 70 degrees. If our ancient history is correct, in the past ten thousand shells have been removed for everyone that has been replanted. Oysters feed by setting up currents of water, pulling water and food together into their inner chambers. The water is pumped in by the beat of small bristles and. these bristles in turn sweep the food to the mouth. The water takes a different route by p3ssing through the gills, up small tubes to a pipe connecting to another faucet where the water is ejected. The food presumably consists of the small one-celled plal\ts and animals which live in water. If the water is polluted with disease organisms, such as those causing typhoid fever, these dis- ease organisms are swept into the oyster's body too. The oyster does not catch the typhoid. but he can be a carrier. Now a great majority of the people who eat oysters like them raw. If oysters coming from polluted waters are eaten then there is every chance for the spread of typhoid. In 1924 an eypidemic of typhoid from this cause created much suffering and a large number of deaths. This epidemic gave rise to a system of inspection and certification by the U. S. Public Health Service. It was made permissible to ship in interstate commerce only with a Federal certificate. Certified oysters were those which came from beds the waters of which had been analyzed by competent state agencies as free from pollution. Georgia oysters were not certified because of inadequate inspection. This condition has only recently been corrected by a system of ,adequate supervision of oyster beds. Doubtless the Georgia oysters soon will again be certified for interstate commerce. At this moment the U. S. Public Health Service is checking on the Georgia pollution studies. Legislation designed to provide for the peculiarities of oyster life history will contain these features: 1. Adequate provision for the replacement of oyster shell; 2. Provisions for culling of oysters; 3. Management of oyster beds so as to have uniformity of size and age; 4. Provisions for control of biological pests of oysters; 5. Provisions for maintenance of water purity for oyster culture. Georgia legislation has recently given adequate consideration to the features of public health certification and shell replacement. Legislation designed to protect the operation of the (Continued on Poge '7) J -Tired of it all. This puppy setter belongs to George Trout man, 01 Valdosta. 2-Mrs. George Troutman Iilees setters but here is proof that she lilees lox hounds better. This is a part 01 the many cups and trophies Mrs. Troutman has won with her Walleer hounds in meets and at shows. She has been interested in fox hounds for '5 years. Her dogs have won prizes in Geor gia, Florida, Mississippi, Alabama, Kentucley, West Virginia, Ohio and Tennessee. She is a member of the Georgia Fox Hunters Association and il you want to malee her blood boil iust say something about somebody slaughtering our sly fox. 3-Mrs. William Flinn, of Dorchester, with two 01 her Great Danes, Hilda and Eric. Great Danes have been widely used in England to hunt wild boar. Bill Flinn declares that a pair 01 Great Danes can leill a lion. Sic 'em fido. 4-Ain't he cute? It is the Horned Pulfin. Not a native 01 Georgia but we'd lilee to have them. (U. S. Fish & Wildlife Photo). 5-You will see plenty 01 these on the lalees and rivers-now that the season ;s over. J "When a Man Starts Hunting and Fi~hi~g, HE BEGINS TO LIVE!" "WHE a man starts hunting and fishing, he begins to live," so says Colonel J. W. Lockhart, of Moody Field at Valdosta. The Colonel has been a hunter and fisherman for many years. He owns a home in Florida, hails from ew England, but. now is completely "sold" on Georgia. "Why in the ew England states a hunting trip takes on the propor- tions of a major operation. After such' minor details as preparation and assembly of necessary equipment for the trip, one then faces the prospect of not less than a half a day of hard riding to get to the hunting grounds. In Georgia-you step out of your back door, walk about 100 yards, and you're hunting," Lockhart declares. When first assigned to Moody Field the Colonel was downcast, dejected, and to fit the name of the Field-he was Moody. When he reached Val- dosta, his spirit was revived. He had good luck right off the bat on his first fishing trip. The climate suited him Colonel lockhart checks the paHern for buckshot fired at 25 yards. "According to this" the Colonel says, "t would have missed a deer." and living conditions thoroughly pleased him. When the hunting season moved in, the Colonel was a contented man and told everybody within hearing of his voice that "Georgia is the greatest place on earth to really live." Lockhart is an ardent conservationi t. He has tried hi hand at raising quail but says it really isn't necessary, because quail is one thing Georgia has plenty of. One of the first questions the Colonel asks new offi- cers is, "Are you interested in fishing and huniing?" He insists that the man who has undergone the rigors and hardships of hunting and fishing has the background and mak ings of a good officer. This background is valuable because, after all, Army life keeps a man outdoors most of the time. A fellow who knows how to handle himself in the woods and fields has an &dvantage over the fel- low who has never stalked a wary deer nor pulled in a bass or rainbow or spent the night under the stars. If you don't know your stuff on conservati~n, don't dream up any fancy stones to tell the Colonel be- cause he is a busy man and he would take up some of his time to explode theories or dreams right in your face. You don't have to talk to Lock hart but a few minutes to understand that he is an expert on matters per- taining to field and streams. "You know," the Colonel said with a far-away and mellow look in his eye, "I wouldn't be at all surprised if I didn't buy a home in Georgia and live down here after the War. Yes, sir, Mrs. Lockhart would like that too." Oute/oor Georgia ;s one of Loclcharl's favorite outdoor magazines. Here he pointed to a wild turkey on the front page of the December issue and declared, "This is another reason why t like to hunt in Georgia." Several buck privates and a number of non-commissioned officers (Continued on Page 16) OUTDOOR GEORGIA February, 1944 7 The boss came in, tossed a quick glance at me, and said, "You're on the radio in the morning." Radio has always been a simple gadget to me. It represents a mysteriou.s little box filled with wires and tubes and requires little or no engineering ability_ to operate. There is a knob to twIst after which comes a crackling and sizzling. At least that is the way my radio works. It sounds like a cross between a kid lighting the fuse of a July cannon cracker and somebody frying eggs. The thought of getting in front of a' microphone and speaking into it never crossed my mind. I ran the boss down and in a cheerless voice asked ''What time?" Without even loom;g up from his desk he replied, "--6:30. But you won't have to get there until 6." My lips quivered as I began to dig up alihies. I told the boss about my sick grandmother who wanted me to stay home in the morning and help her repaper the wall with some oil stocks she had purchased years ago. He was unimpressed. Then came a sad story about my kid brother who had the itch and needed me at home to help him scratch. 0 sympathy. I was desperate. I told him that the Stearns tribe was descended from a long line of ancient bards and that every year the family gathered on a certain day to recite family poems. Tomorrow was the day. The boss signed a couple of pa~rs, .glan~d up and with ice water ill hIS VOIce said, "Don't forget--6 o'clock." I was trapped. The next two hours were spent in unprofitable conversation, me talking to myself arid trying to work up some false courage. My simple instructions were to talk about Outdoor Georgia. Although I have edited the magazine for three years, I suddenly couldn't remember a thing about it. It will remain a mystery how the script was ever written. There is nothing like a sleepless night to get one ready for a radio program. My .alarm clock ticks as if it were getting ready to release a time-bomb. The ticks that night sounded like somebody beating on an 8 oil drum with a sledge hammer. This old veteran that tries gallantly to keep up with Father Time is strictly a hit-and-miss proposition. You set the alarm for 6 o'clock and it goes off at 3 o'clock. The action of such a clock is enough to make a fellow nervous, especially if he is going to broadcast. That night I must have leaped out of bed 20 times to check the time. At 5 :30 I was so tired of popping in and out of b.ed that I was just about too exhausted to go to WSB. When I reached the studio, I was led like a lamb to the slaughter to the control room. Bill Prance, WSB's reliable and well-known voice, greeted me. We shook hands-my hand needed little movelT'ent as it already was shaking. I met Kelly, engineer, who expertly handles the controls. While Bill carried on, I talked with Kelly, trying to forget the desperate moment when I had to say something. "Why does a fellow get nervous before a microphone," I asked Kelly. "Can't understand it," Kelly replied, "yet I like the sound they make when they faint. They always hit the floor with such a solid thud. But we are prepared. We have a complete firstaid kit and we could get a stretcher if we really needed one." Cheerful fellow. If I was scared a few minutes before this, I was terrified now. A hillbilly jug "band was in session. The boys and girls were having a great time. The girls gathered in the studio corner and seemed to be telling the latest in jok.es. I stared at these composed kids. They were great. The leader of this band saw me staring through my glass cage and remarked, "Folks, you jest orta see the fellow that came in a few min its ago. He's got on the loudest tie I ever seed. Can you-all hear that tie way out there? Betcha he's got all the money in Jaw-ja. Maybe owns a couplp of towns around dese parts." Me and my Christmas tie and the 1.65 cents that had been budgeted until pay day! At last came the dreaded moment. I was on. As I started to speak I felt I had a mouth full of hot grits. My Fish cover their bodies with a slimy mucus ,hich is constantly poured out in large quantities by special gla~ds situated in the epidermis. Thi minimizes the friction in water, "makes the body of the fish slippery, and enable it to glide ea ily along in watcr. Who would have ever dreamed that fish "change their oil?" . . . The dancing ground of Prairie Chicken is called a Lek ... The Chukar partridge, a native of India, inhabit altitudes up to 16,000 feet ... Before the coming of white men not less than 20 million pronghorned antelope roamcd the nited States and Mexico. Ruffed Grouse go throu l7h a crazy flight each fall betweep eptember ami October. Experts beileve it is a signal that family groups are breaking up and birds are prepared to move into ne, territory ... Roast skunk is a favorite food among certain Canadian Indian tribes, and many white men have de clared it better than chicken . . . Wood ducks, Mallards and perhaps other ducks, eat and digest whole hickory nuts . . . The eggs of the ruddy duck weigh three times more than the bird. Hen ruddies weil!;h one pound, while her clutch of 14 eggs will wei~h three pounds . . . When a Bald Eagle loses its mate, it will never remate . . . Of 551 fires during 1940 in ational Parks 187, or"34 per cent, were caused by lightning, and 212, or a few less than 40 per cent by careless smokers. The total surface burned over was 36.3 sqnare miles . . . The female woodcock, when fightened, has the habit of carrying her young in flight when they are still very small. The hen' will grasp the young between her feet or thighs and transfer them, one at a time, out of danger . . . shoes felt too tight. Kelly. glared at me through the control room as if to say, "Look-it talks." It was a great morning. I could picture people rushin~ away from breakfast to twist the dials. I could see families all over the. South jabbing at their push buttons. As I left Bill Prance "aid something about having me come back again. I don't remember what I said-I realized then just how much I love the Out doors and stuff called fresh air. OUTDOOR GEORGIA February, 1944 Free Lunch For Six!! ! T HERE are no less than five men in Georgia who mnke it their seems a wealthy gentleman invited a number of his friends to a dinner business to capture rattlesnakes and party. He promised them something moccasins alive and ship them into pecial. As dinner started he told Florida. "Th'al is making an honest his guests they now would be served living the hard way. Depressions a delicacy. may come and go, jobs may get The delicacy was dressed up with scarce, but these daredevils need have sauces and embellishments and any fear that anybody will give them looked and tasted mighty delightful. any competition. Job security- The good people gobbled it up and that's what it is. clamored for more. They got it. All Came recently from an old friend, of them made remarks- concerning it. Ros Allen, of Silver Springs, Flor- It was wonderful. One impatient lady ida, who has won fame as a herper- a ked, "I have never tasted anything tologist, a fahcy package all wrapped so delicious. Please tell us what it up in brightly colored paper. It is. I must serve some of it at my contained a can of genuine diamond- bridge party next week." The host ba~k rattlesnake meat and-if you promised he would let them in on his please--with supreme sauce. secret after dinner. This can is about the size of one Finally the stuffed ones tilted back of the baby food cans you have seen in their chairs to hear the story of in the grocery stores. So you can this choice meat they had eaten. see that good diamondback rattle- They smiled approval as their host, snake meat is expensive. a practical joker, began: "Ladies and They say this delicacy is delicious. gentlemen, you have asked me to tell They claim it tastes like crab meat. you about that delightful dish you all Jack Troy, port Editor of the At- enjoyed so much. I will say this. lanta Constitution, was invited to It was fresh, because I had it canned stuff himself with this can of tidbit. only yesterday. 1 have one of the Troy arched his brows, twisted his cans here with the label on it. Please face into a big question mark, and in keep your seats and I will have the all seriousness answered the invita- can passed down so all of you may tion with a remarkably loud, "Who- see it. The address of the concern Me?" Jack declared that since it tastes so much like crab meat-he would just stick to the crab meat. One fellow who was told to help himself had this to say:" ow, I am definitely not a drinking man, but, pal, I'd have to get downright drunk before I could get up enough cour- age to take a bite of that stuff." One may safely assume that much of the rattlesnake meat being canned is from Georgia, since our shippers end hundreds of reptiles into Flor- ida annually. .. There is an intere ling story con- cerning canned rattlesnake meat. It Kate Johnson of the Game and Fish Commission, shows a $3 can of genuine diamondback rattlesnake meat with supreme sauce. It was conned at the appropriately named little city of Rattlesnake, Florida. Who's hungry? o TDOOR GEORGIA February, 1944 that puts it up is on the can, in event you wish to order some." The can was passed. The lady who wanted to serve it to her hridge party took one look at the lahel-"Genuine diamondback rat tIe s n a k e ," and promptly fainted. As the guests saw it, they excused themselves, leaving hastily and with pale, sickly looks on their faces. Stomachs turned wrong side out. Legs wobbled under their loads. Some of them barely made it to the front or back yard. The host all but split his sides with laughter. Yes, sir, dinner had been servedtwice in most cases. Here is a special invitation to Owdoor Georgia readers. The editor would like to serve this can of meat at lunch. or dinner. We will need about six or more volunteers. The first six to call WAInut 2494. will get a free lunch of genuine diamondback rattlesnake meat with supreme sauce as an appetizer. The editor prom ises to eat a small portion-very, very small portion, although at the thought of it, his tongue is trying to hide down deep in his gullet and his teeth feel as if they are covered with little sweaters. Meanwhile, the porter will dust the can once each week. / GOLD PAPA J UST aboiIt the last fellow on earth who has need for an alarm clock is Fred Thompson, of Clarkston. Imagine, if you can, not one rooster but several hundred roosters stretching their necks and giving off with rooster music at the same time. Why it is enough to push back the dawn. Yet, this unholy, crack of dawn rooster crowing, the type that would set most of us to searching for shotguns, is sweet music to Fred. Primarily, Thompson's place is a chicken farm, but actually it could be Exhibit A {or ring one in a threering circus. Among the several thousand birds on the place one sees a homing pigeon 26 years old. It is a gold-star papa with plenty of sons in the service of Uncle Sam's armed forces. There is no way of knowing for certain, but one suspects that this bird broods because four of its sons have been killed on the battlefields in the. current war. In fact, this bird served" in the first World War. The homing pigeon travels about 65 miles per hour, which isn't exactly loafing along. On the battle fronts, a message is attached to the leg of a homer and in a matter of minutes artillery in the rear opens up on the enemy. Thus these birds are performing a valuable service to our country. Fred's fox terrier has been trained to hate hawks. Just let a hawk hover above the farm and this Fox terrier bristles. They claim that this dog would make short work of a hawk, but so far, the hawks have preferred to ignore him. Ever heard of a buff silkie? It is a chicken with hair. Even after you feel the hair you won't believe it. There it stands looking like a refugee from a barber shop, and it even has a crop of hair on its head. Thompson imported these hirsute birds 20 years ago. obody knows where they originally came from, but they were first found in China. Imagine using a comb and brush to groom a chic~en. It is the only chicken in the world that could be taken to a barber shop for a shave and a haircut. 10 Gold-stor papa. He is a champion homing pigeon. Four of his sons have been killed in action in the war but he has a number of other sons still geHing the messages through for Uncle Sam. One white leghorn produced 354 eggs last year for Fred. If John L. Lewis ever hears of that hen, he will sign her up, cut down egg production, try to get her time and a half, and demand better working conditions. Thompson is going to have a Ever see anybody blow up a pigeon? Put the bill in your mouth and blow-the pigeon goes up like a balloon. It is a pigmy pouter. little chat with this bird and either find out "what's the big idea," or what happened the other 11 days of the year. The way Fred handles his chicken~ we beli~ve that white leghorn WIll cry a httle and promise to do better with apologies for past performances. Such eggs! The chickens must have a contest because every day is like Easter with the Thompson household collecting from 400 to 500 eggs. What a spot for an Easter egg hunt! All of the eggs are as big as your fist-if your fist isn't too big. The pigeon house is fascinating. ~antails strut hither and yon and keep It up 24 hours a day. One species of pigeons called "tumblers" are unable to fly. Their only defense is to tumble over backwards. The pigmy pouter seems to enjoy being blown up. Stick its bill in your mouth, blow and it goes up like a balloon. In the basement is 'a modern incu bator which is constantly adding new stock to the huge collection. Thomp. son has blue ribbons, cups, trophies, prizes, and is recognized as one of the best poultry experts in the coun try. Mortality on his place is lower than the alcohol content of prohibi. tion beer. People all over the South call on him in emergencies. Their chickens get sick and Fred is summoned to save the flock. He claims that chickens catch cold, brood, are jealous of each other and get lonesome. "Common sense and a little ef fort in the direction of cleanliness is the answer to good poultry," he says. There is one chicken on the place th~t just melts his heart. It is a black breasted red modern bantam that has won prizes in every show it has en teredo Fred says it is the perfect chicken, although it is about the size of the baby chicks we are served for fried chicken these desperate days. Thompson stood out in his yard, flat footed, in his right mind, and reo fused an offer of $200 for this cham pion. And while "we are trying to imagine anybody turning down that kind of spending change, he also tells us about some imported French chickens which a man tried to buy for $350. Fred was insulted. This (Continued on Page 77) OUTDOOR GEORGIA February, 1944 J -Thompson shows Pete Demos, a pigeon fancier, some 01 his awards for raising champion homing pigeons 2-When it comes to showing off and strutting, these fantails are tops. Next time the doctor tells you to throw out your chest-this is what he means. 3-A pigmy pouter all puffed up. . . . and it stays puffed up. 4-This bird might make splen. did fried chicken but what on expensive dish it would be. Thompson refused $200 for this block breasted red modern game bantam. He says "it is the perfect chicken." It has never foiled to win a prize at shows. 5-No kidding. This is a chicken wnh hair. The toil and wings are feathers but the rest of him is covered with hair. It is a buff silkie and they don't know where it comes from. It was first found in Chino. Thompson imported some of them 20 years ago. 6-Fred gives his fox terrier a well deserved pot. This dog stands guard over several thousand birds and is ;, hawk killer. Kolomoki Indian Mounds T HE mounds at Kolomoki have excited the curiosity of white men since Early County was laid out in 1818. Early settlers dug a well from the summit to a depth of fifty feet in the mound, seeking treasure, but filled the pit on finding only bones in the base. The mounds were again investigated in 1847 by Dr. Charles A. Woodruff, who made a sketch showing a wall of earth surrounding them. This sketch was pub- lished in I'ickett's History 01 Ala- bama in 1851, and in White's "Hi-torical Collections of Georgia" in 1854. In 1873, Charles C. Jones included in his "Antiquities of the Southern Indians" a detailed description and map of the mound area prepared for him by Major James A. Maxwell. This description of more than seventy years ago will be valuable in future restoration of the features of the mound area. Major Maxwell reported the local tradition that the Creek Indians, who inhabited the Chattahoochee Valley when the white man came, regarded the large mound with superstition and wonder as to its origin. The mound is one of the most impressive in the State. Its base would cover the approximate boundaries of a football field. Rising in the shape of an elongated pyramid to the imposing height Gf fifty-seven feet, it has as its top surface a level plane one hundred and fifty-six feet long and sixtysix feet wide. The precipitous slopes and the angles of the mound have withstood unknown centuries of wear and indicated careful packing. Maxwell estimated that the piling of the one hundred thousand tons of earth which make up the mound required labor equivalent to that of one thousand savaae working for one year. At the southern base of the mound was a moat which drained into a small branch. One hundred yards to the north was a pit from which dirt used in erecting the mound evidently came. A well lay in the base of the pit, and evidence was found suggesting an underground passage between the well and the mound. Major Maxwell reported also that white oaks more than nine feet in circumference were found growing upon the mound. A recent examination' of the surface of the mound area disclosed pottery of the Swift Creek type, which 12 is considered one of the earlier cultures of the outheast. Evidence was found showing the influence of two basic cultures of the .~outheast, Woodland and Mississippi, and inasmuch as surface collections were of the Swift Creek type, it is anticipated that lower levels may show an even earlier culture than is now known, allowing archaeology to go further back into the pre-history of the southeast. The Kolomoki area will prove of great value to archaeologists in future vears. This scientific value will grow' as the pre-history of the south- ea t is better understood and as exca. vational methods attain greater perfection. Thus the Department of State Parks has agreed that the ite will be preserved free from excavation until uch a time in future year as it excavation al)d study can be undertaken in the light of clearer understanding of the pre-history of which its disclosures shall become an important part. In the area near the mound, and in such a position as not to int rfere with the archaeological site, will be developed the recreational facilities of a State Park. GEORGIA FIELD TRIAL CLUB SUMMARY Wayneshoro, Ga., January 10 Judges: George W. Stanbery and John E. Milhorn MEMBERS' ALL-AGE-21 Pointers and nine Setters 1st-MR. TEMPLE, pointer dog, by Ben Temple-Tusclousa's Joker. Clayton A. Rugg. owner and handler. 2nd-DR. SAM'S JOH IE pointer dog, by Congersman-Heartwood Bess. Dr. S. O. Black, owner and handler. 3rd-HOMEWOOD FLYI G DUTCHMA , pointer dog, by Homewood Hillbilly-Martinez Junetime. Euclid Claussen, owner and handler. MEMBERS' DERBY-Eight Pointers and one Setter Ist:-SACAJAWEA, pointer bitch, by Claussen's Ranger Donne-Homewood Lucania. Euclid Claussen, owner and handler. 2nd-DITY WAH DITY, pointer bitch, by Bill's Stylish Tom-Skip's Spunky Girl. Frank Skinner Jr., owner; Frank Skinner, handler. 3rd-MEDIC, pointer dog, by Me.dico-Mackay Poi!'\t Sis. Mrs. Gay Shore Rogers, owner and handler. OPEN ALL-AGE-22 Pointers and eight Setters Ist-TARHEELIA'~ L CKY STRIKE, pointer dog, by Lexington JakeTarheelia's Best Bet. Gerald M. Living ton, owner; George M. Crangle, handler. 2nd-HILLBRIGHT A, setter bitch, by Hillbright Peerles Dan- Hillbright ue. M. G. Dudley, owner; George M. Crangle, handler. 3rd-PILOT SAM' EA lEW, pointer dog, by Air Pilot's am- eaview's Polkadot. C. F. Taylor, 0\ ner' George M. Crangle, handler. OPE DERBY- ine Pointers and two Setters Ist-DITY WAH DITY, pointer bitch by Bill's Stylish Tom- kip's Spunky Girl. Frank M. kinner Jr., owner; George M. Crangle, handler. 2nd-TEX' WHlRLAWAY, pointer dog, by Thomp on's Comanche TexPiney Pineknot. L. F. te ens, owner; Fred Bevan, handler. 3rd-BOMBER COMMA DER, pointer dog, by Air Pilot's Sam-Lula Blue. George Sears, owner; Bert Black, handler. OUTDOOR GEORGIA February, 1944 ;\ 1943 Longleaf Seed Crop Best In Eight Years By JOSEPH C. KffiCHER U. S. Forucry SertJice RARE reseeding opportunities were presented to farm owners of long-leaf pine lands in the South this year, according to surveys made by State and U. S. Foresters. These experts reported that the longleaf seed crop was the best since 1935, and, in some sections, the best in a generation. Other pine species also produced good seed crops in some sections. Fore tel'S point out that this heavy crop of seed afforded an unusual opportunity for farmers to get a productive crop of pine trees started on idle land but cautioned 0\ ners against the ruinous wood fires. Such good seed production years come only at long intervals. Owners of longleaf woodlands should take every precaution to keep fire out this year. When newly seeded land is burned over in the fall or winter, not onl is most of the seed damaged or killed, but surviving seed is plainly expo ed to rodents and birds which may consume the entire seedfall. Spring fires find the young seedlings easy preywithout the virility to protect themselves. Longleaf pine seeds are large and do not fly so far as do the seeds of the other important species of Southern pine. They are rich and palatable to birds, squirrels, hog and even deer, which may consume most of the seed which falls unless it is protected by grass or needles on the ground. Fires can seriously injure or kill mature longleaf pine, a truly heavy loss-not only to the owner, but in these days to our whole nation, which needs large quantities of naval store and every foot of sound timber it can get to use in fighting the war. Although the longleaf is probably more fire-resistant than any other of ) Seeds at the right have been stripped of their wings and are the makings of our future longleaf pines. The long leaf cones at the left have opened to give up their seeds. And don't toss away the cones. They may be used for fuel or sold for use as decorations and the manufacturing of novelties. (U. S. Forest Service Photo.) our native pines, every fire takes its toll. If fire does not kill the tree it seriously affects its vigor and growth. For about the first 18 months, the young tree consists of a small bunch of tender straws, looking much like green grass, and is easily killed by gras fires. After this, until about the fifth or sixth year of age, the heavy "skirt" of green straw protects the central stem so as to make it relatively fire-resistant. If fire can be kept out while the young trees from this year's abundant seed crop are in the critical stage, millions of trees can be brought through to a size where they can stand an occaional light blaze. Lumber and wood products have more than 1,300 direct uses in fighting this war, and longleaf pine is one of the most important trees in war uses. These "treasure trees" provide turpentine and rosin while they live, and when they are worked out their lumber and pulpwood i still good for many additional uses. From turpentine and rosin are derived such vital war products as paints and var- OUTDOOR GEORGIA February, 19'44 n.ish, glue, plastics, synthetic cam phor and other medicines and chemicals, all wartime essentials. Longleaf lumber and timber provide construction and crating material for our forces at home and overseas. Longleaf pine pulpwood is made into containers for much of the food shipped to our fighting men. Of course, we all hope the abund ant seed that has fallen this year will never be called upon in its maturity to go to war. But these trees of the future will be as urgently needed in peacetime for most of these same products. For his own profit, for aid to our country's prosecution of the war, and for the future prosperity of America, every landowner should at all times protect his woodlands. THE VOICE OF SILENCE The voice of the forest is silenceWhen it is left alone- Except the murmur of matriarch trees In undertone. -Wightman F. Melton. OUTDOOR WRITERS FIND "Promised Land" in Georgia MEMBERS of the Outdoor Writers' Association of America gathered iii Albany recently for an informal executive meeting. All of which means the boys came down to swap stories, do a little shooting and as little work as possible. For most of them, it was their first trip into Georgia. They were completely "sold" after the first day in the field. Charlie Elliott, Director of Game and Fish, was the host, and did a bang-up job. Dr. Wade Holloway, SCRIBES SEEK NEW SEASON ON DUCKS AT ALBANY MEETING of Thomasville; Schley Perry, Moultrie; Herbert Stoddard, of Thomasville; Ed Komerek, of Thomasville; Jim Campbell, of Thomasville; Vernon Phillips, of Cuthbert; David Jeffers, of Sylvester; Rosser Malone, of Albany, and other sportsmen joined forces to give the visitors a whale of a big time. The fellows had a full schedule, but found time to attend to business. The Georgia meeting was the springboard for a campaign which will gather full force at the annual winter meeting this month at Columbus, Ohio. The big issue involved is the duck season which is not at all satisfactory to sportsmen. About the time the ducks really get in, the season is closed. And this appears to be the rule rather than the exception. There also is a move afoot to get live decoys ruled legal. A new duck season will be cheered in Georgia. Ducks have been reported in large 'numbers reecntly, but the season closed January 10th, and the hunter can do little more than admire the beautiful birds now. Bill Flinn, or'Dorchester, put in his vote for a later season, and Bill ought to know, since he has one of the- best duck lakes in the state. "Make the duck season two or three weeks later. We really don't have much shooting with the present season." The Outdoor Writer's will insist on a new set of dates. An oraanization to push this program will be set up at the Columbus meeting. Rosser Malone's barbecue was a great success. The boys branded the barbecue they had been exposed to in their respective sections as false, mi leading and a deliberate attempt to belittle a delicacy. Malone's barbecue wa uper-delicious and the way the fellows went to work, one would think they were storing up for the \ inter. IO mistake about it, the scribes brought along their appetites. It i hard to explain, but writers are generally good shots or at least they can hold thpir own in fast compan. The vi itors checked their total bag at 11 wild turkeys, 195 doves, 184 quail and 2 squirrels. One scribe told Director Charlie Elliott, "You ought to put a fence (Continued on PCJge 17) r -They're off lor the dove field. This is port 01 the gang that bagged a total of 93 doves and 18 quail the first day in the field. They are (Ielt to right) Tim Miller, of Ohio; Walt Willis, of New York, Tampa or points where the hunting is good; George Bratt, of Baltimore; Wally Tabler, of Middle River, Md.; Charlie Elliott, Director Georgia's Game and Fish Commission; Joe Brooks, of Baltimore; Pimmy Stuber, of Ohio and Dr. Wade Hollo way, of Thomasville. 2-Junie Longfellow, of Baltimore (lelt) doesn't believe what he is seeing and hearing. That fellow in the middle doing the pointing is Herbert Stoddard, of Thomasville and recognized as the greatest living authority on quai/. Imagine hunting quail on Stoddard's place with Stoddard telling you where they are? Walt Willis, gun in hand, is ready. 3-Walt Willis has the floor. He is one of the top ranking story.tellers in the country. You should have heard the one about the fellow who changed his politics. Charlie Elliott (left) has heard the story before which explains his big smile. "Hamll Brown, of Baltimore and President of the Outdoor Writer's, patiently awaits the "punch" line. 4-John Martin, of Atlanta, talks things over with Dr. Wade Holloway. The gentleman on the right kept the doves flying by riding his horse through the corn fields. 5 One story after another-and almost all of them good. Jimmy Stuber in adion. 6-George Bratt (left) and Wally Tabler were the dove shooting champions. Both got the limit and congratulations were in order. OUTDOOR GEORGIA Februnry By CAPT. GARLAND PEYTON Diredor, Department 01 Mine. GEORGIA, the largest state east of the Mississippi River, with rocks ranging in age from the most ancient to the youngest, and extending from the Appalachian mountains to the Atlantic Ocean, possesses mineral resources in great variety and in almost unlimited quantity. Some idea of the present importance and future possibilities of this branch of Georgia's natural resources may be gained from the fact that upwards of 40 difference rocks, minerals and metals either are being mined or have commercial possibilities in the near future. Our mineral resources more properly might be referred to as undeveloped, resources, since actually so little progress has been made toward their proper development and utilization. For many years the extensive deposits of pure white clay have been our most valuable mineral resource. From these deposits, extending from Columbus to Augusta, we are shipping 80 per cent of the white clay mined and consumed in the United States. Although this white clay (kaolin) has long been used in the manufacture of china and white ware, it was not until last year that a plant here started making hotel white ware. Investigations by the technical staff of the Department of Mines, Mining and Geology have revealed the existence of practically unlimited quantity and variety of mineral raw materials suitable for the manufacture of rock wool and glass. The department has conducted experimental research to demonstrate the feasibility of establishing such manufacturing plants within the state. Just recently one of Georgia's largest mineral producers announced plans to begin the manufacture of rock wool insulation. The possible existence of petroleum deposits in the state has long been recognized. Further, it is known that there are formations in our coastal plain which are quite similar to the 16 formations in the oil and gas producing areas of Texas, Louisiana and Mississippi. Although in the past spasmodic, ineffec~al efforts have been made to prospect for petroleum, it was not until 1943 that a wild cat test well was drilled as deep as 7,000 feet. This was in Early County, near. Cedar Springs. The well reached a depth of 7,320 feet. The results of this test have not as yet been published. However, it is important to learn that our possible oil-bearing formations extend to that great depth. The recent oil discovery in the Florida Everglades has greatly accelerated the plans and activities of both the independent oil men and the major companies. More than 8,000,000 acres already have been leased in the coastal plain, and it is expected that a number of wild cat tests wiII be drilled during 1944. Apparently, the dominant factor in the hindered progress of the development and exploitation of mineral resources has been preoccupa. tion with agriculture. Georgians generally have remained uninformed concerning the existence and value of the many minerals, and untrained in the science and art of producing and utilizing them, with the result that many landowners have lived a life- time unmindful of the fact that their soil contained mineral wealth equal to if not greater than that obtainable from agriculture. During the past year, in addition to our regular peace-time activities special emphasis has been placed o~ projects which would further the war effort. These extraordinary services have included the search for, development and production of critical, strategic and essential minerals, consultation services to the Army and avy and War Production Board in connection with water supply, sewage disposal, camp and plant sites, landing fields, etc. In this connection our own efforts have been supplemented by Federal funds and Federal personnel, with the result that Georgia's conservation division has made a very worthwhile contribution to the war effort. We feel that the intense interest already being shown in possible postwar development of the vast hidden wealth known to exist here justifies the belief that Georgia is now on the threshold of a new industrial era. Citizens, business and professional men can perform a very worthwhile service in this connection by becoming better acquainted with the state's natural resources. "When a Man Starts Hunting and Fishing" (Continued from Page 7) were asked, "What do you think of Col. Lockhart? " You get the same answer from everyone, "The Colonel is a great fellow . We think he is tops." But, then, how many real hunters or fishermen have you ever known who didn't get a sendoff like that? Army duties have pinned the Colonel down close to his desk. There is precious little time for him to pursue outdoor recreation, but when victory is ours, he intends to devote more attention to rods and reels and guns and rifles. The Colonel is convinced hunters will get better results if they will check their shotguns by firing into a target to get the pattern and to judge the different loads of the shells. By displaying targets he used, he showed the difference between patterns at 25 yards and at 50 yards. No mistake about it, the pattern is dif ferent, and there is a sharp contrast, depending on the size shot used. But, of course, there are a few who will argue the point. First remember that Colonel Lockhart is a champion with guns. He can knock the tacks out of your rubber heels at 50 paces with a pistol. Not long ago he set a new Army record for the .45 -ealiber when he tUl"ned in a score of 97.8. He holds a New England champion ship and is a five times State champion in Connecticut. OUTDOOR GEORGIA February, 1944 Outdoor Writers (Continued from Page 15) around Georgia and charge admission for hunters just to look. This is the greatest wildlife country I have ever seen. How much does land cost down here. I'm interested." If Sally Rand had popped out of the woods doing a fan dance it wouldn't have been more startling than the day the boys saw 14 deer and it was just too much when wild turkeys started running all around them. Some of them claim they shot the turkeys in self-defense. Tim Miller, pheasant and grouse hunter from Ohio, shot and killed the first wild turkey he ever saw. Tim stared at the turkey and then stared at his gun. When he realized what had happened, he was mighty pleased with a guy named Tim Miller. Dr. Wade Holloway pitched a big one for the boys. It was a steak dinner with all the trimmin's. The Writer's were much too busy with a knife and fork to worry about brown rationing points. As a tidbit with this dinner, 20 pounds of toa ted pecans were on deck, but not for long. Then, too, grits were sC!ryed. For some, it was their first look at grits. and a few insisted on calling it "mush." And when the Brunswirk stew was passed, the lads just ga\'e it a cool, suspicious eye. As we all know, nothing can look as suspicious as Brunswick stew. One braye ~Ilarr' land writer decided to take a chance with the stuff, after which Brunswick stew became a highly popular dish. It was a whale of a meeting. The writers are back at their typewriters now and thousands of readers in the East and Mid-West are going to read a lot of printed type on Southern hospitality and Georgia hunting. How many days until Than/ugiving? It would talee a special 5fove to handle Tom. He weighs 60 pounds and hasn't 5fopped growing. They don't get this big in the wilderness. GOLD STAR PAPA (Continued from Page 10) isn't hard to uilderstand when you consider that last year the eggs from these Parisian beauties brought in better than Sl,OOO. Another prize is Tom, a turkey gobbler that weighs 60 pounds. with drumsticks that feel like baseball bats. Tom is as mean as a wildcat. If he just had something to tie boxing gloves on Fred would match him with Joe Louis. Thompsons.ars any body who wants to try to steal old Tom is welcome. The person wish ing to accept this challenge must not be allergic to buckshot and must totally ignore bites from four or five dogs that violently dislike strangers. Then, too, overcoming these little factors, a dray will be needed to haul Tom off. And what does Fred Thompson eat -j ust as you would suspect-eggs for breakfast, and on Sunday he works on a big platter of fried chicken. Lost Industry (Continued from Page 5) fisheries is also of grave importance in the rehabilitation of the industry. The features which vitally concern the industry are: 1. Adequate protection against oyster thievery; 2. Adequate supervision and management to insure an annual crop. Possibly the rank and file of citizens would state that the rehabilitation of the oyster industry would not possibly have any b~aring on their welfare. Marine biologists no\ hold the almost universal belief that the increase in sports fishing along the Georgia Coast rests upon the increase of oyster beds. The inter- , OUTDOOR GEORGIA February, 1944 , ests of the commercial fisheries here dovetail completely with those of the sports fishermen. It is also true that barren mud and sand flats, which should be covered with oysters, are undesirable for other reasons. Barren mud and sand flats cause boat channels to be filled, resulting in expensive maintenance of water routes. The oyster beds act as barriers aaainst erosion even as the "terrace" farming prevents ero ion on the orth Georgia hills. When an industry i lost through inadt;quate manage ment, we all lose. This is especially true of a.n industry which could in a short time be restored fully to a major industry. The possibilities are present for the restoration of "the lost industry". The welfare of our state in no small measure hinae upon the capacity of our forests, our streams and our seas to prod/Ice and sustain industries. 17 December Summary of Cases Disposed of for Game and Fish Violations A.rresting Officer DEFENDANT Autry, J. N. Autry, J. N. Autry, J. N. Autry, J. N. Autry, J. N. Autry, J. N. Autry, J. N. Dyer, H. l. Frank White, Atlanta, Ga. S. T. Farmer, Decatur R. Y. Steward, Atlanta Richard Gantt, Atlanta Jessie Pearce, Atlanta luther M. Elliott, Atlanta S. W. Nipper, Fayetteville Troy Coram, Chatsworth Dyer, H. l. Evan Goforth, Chatsworth Dyer, H. l. Charles Goforth, Chatsworth Dyer, H. l. E. Bazemore, ludowici Dyer, H. l. l. J. Watson, Jesup Holmes, J. S. O. G. Skinner, West Point Murphy, H. J. E. Blackman, Moultrie Murphy, H. J. Edward Haygood, Moultrie Sanders, A. C. Bob Pace, Rome Singleton, R. R. George Welch, Mountain City Selph, J. H. Eugene Dewells, Scarboro Smith, W. M. B. B. Roberts, Mayday Smith, W. M. F. M. Guess, Valdosta Smith, W. M. M. W. Estes, Statenville Smith, W. M. Henry Guess, Valdosta Smith, W. M. Rader Dees, Valdosta Spears, R. E. Boyd Sanders, Milledgeville Spears, R. E. J. C. Autry, Augusta Spears, R. E. J. T._Mosely, Augusta CHARGED WITH DISPOSITION Hunting without license $5 fine Hunting without license $5 fine Hunting without license $5 fine Hunting without license $15 fine Hunting without license $25 and court costs Hunting without license $25, 30 days, suspended Basket fishing .$50 and 30 days susp. sentence Dynamiting stream $35, cost of court and 12 mos. suspended sentence Dynamiting stream $35, cost of court and 12 mos. suspended sentence Dynamiting stream $35, cost of court and 12 mos. suspended sentence Trapping without license $24.25 fine Hunting without license license fee Hunting doves with unplugged gun $10 fine Hunting without license $25 fine Hunting without license $20 fine Fishing wihout license 6 months suspended sentence Shooting quail out of season $30.80 fine Hunting duck without license $16.25 cost of court Hunting without license $10 fine Hunting without license $10 fine Hunting without license $10 fine Hunting without license $10 fine Hunting without license $10 fine Hunting without license $5 fine Hunting without license Nol prossed (Richmond County) Hunting without license $7 fine and purchase of license 18 OUTDOOR GEORGIA February, 1944 1943-44 GEORGIA GAME LAWS Seasons And Bag Limits Pursuaut to the Act of the General Assembly of Georgia, approved February 8, 1943, creating a STATE GAME AND FISH COMMISSION, the following rules and regulations are hereby promulgated and adopted by the DIRECTOR, and approved by the COMMISSION, to-wit: RESIDENT GAME Bear OPEN SEASON (All Dates Inclusive) Nov. 20-Feb. 28 Daily Bag Limit No limit Season I Bag Limit No limit Possession Bag Limit No limit Deer (a) (Bucks only) Nov. l-Jan. 5 2 2 2 Rabbits (c) (with gun and dog) Squirrels a/possum (with gun and dog) Nov. 20-Mar. 1 Oct. 15-Jan. 15 Nov. 20-Feb. 28 No limit No limit 15 I No limit No limit No limit No limit 15 No limit Raccoon (with gun and dog) Nov. 20-Feb. 28 No limit No limit I No limit Fox (Dogs only) Quail Wild Turkey No closed season Nov. 20-Mar. 1 Nov. 20-Mar. 1 No limit 15 2 I No limit I No limit 2 No limit 30 (Also weekly limit) 2 Ruffed Grouse No open season I Alligators No open season I Sea Turtles & Eggs No open season MIGRATORY GAME Doves Dec. l-Jan. 11 10 No limit 10 Ducks (b) Nov. 2-Jan. 10 10 No limit 20 Geese and Brant (b) Nov. 2-Jan. 10 2 I No limit 4 Wood Duck Nov. 2-Jan. 10 1 I No limit 1 Woodcock No open season I Jacksnipe No open season I Coot Nov. 2-Jan. 10 25 I No limit 25 "Marsh Hen" or Clapper Rail Sept. l-Nov. 30 25 No limit 25 Other Rail Sept. l-Nov. 30 15 No limit 15 Gallinule Sept. l-Nov. 30 15 No limit 15 TRAPPING Rabbits (Box Trapping) Fox, a/possum, Mink Sept. 15-Mar. 1 Nov. 20-Mar.l No limit No limit I I No limit No limit No limit No limit Muskrat, Raccoon Nov. 20-Mar 1 No limit No limit No limit Skunk, Wildcat Nov. 20-Mar. 1 No limit No limit No limit Beaver and Otter No open season - EXCEPTIONS a. In counties of Dawson, Fannin, Gilmer, Habersham, Lumpkin, Murray, Pickens, Rabun, Towns, Union, and White, the season is ov. I-Dec. 1. b. Ducks and Geese: No open season on Ross' goose. swan and snow goose. Daily bag limit of Buffiehead and Redhead duck, not ovel' 3 in the aggregate; possession limits, ducks not over 20 in the aggregate. c. Special permit needed to shoot rabbits out of season. HO RS FOR SHOOTI G MIGRATORY BIRDS ARE FROM ONE-HALF HOUR BEFORE SUNRISE TO SUNSET. ALL GU S LIMITED TO A CAPACITY OF THREE SHELLS. OUTDOOR GEORGIA February, 1944 19 * COVER PAGES * Kenneth Rogers, Constitution sharpshooter, Fopped this touching picture and any hunter will agree that those puppies have a certain magnetism that makes you want to pat their noble heads. Bird hunters generally want a pointer or setter already trained but few if any would refuse one of these pups if it were offered. It is a sight like this in our North Georgia mountains that causes Mr. Businessman to vanish from his desk to take on the more serious things of life consisting mainly of rainbow trout fishing. The streams in the management area soon will be open for business. !In celtis !Issue Poor Man's luxury .._ _ Page ._ 2 100,000 4-H Clubbers Participate In New Vigorous Wildlife Program ... .. 3 Conservation Please . . ._.._....._.. .. ... 4 Indian Springs Treaty Nelson M. Shipp From Soup to Nuts _. Professor M. H. Berry ._...._..._.._.._.__ 5 __ . .. . 6-7 You Tell 'Em _._.._._ 8 Joe Stearns Wildlife Tidbits .. .8 Starlings Have Come to Stay __ ._ 9 Paul Bunyan Was a Sissy .._ _ _ Joe Stearns 10-11 Here's Your Test on Forestry .... .. .13 Hunting and Fishing Front line Topics, Patrick Says ..._...__._....._ .. 14 How Important is Water? .._.__..._....._ ... 15 The Mail Box ... ._..._.... 18 This Month's Recipe _._.. 18 January Summary of Cases Disposed of For Game and Fish Violations ...._....__.19 POOR mAD'S bUXURY Thousands of Americans with the best of intentions, live on the threshold of Nature. Except for an occasional peep through the key hole, they never look fully on the wonders within their reach. It isn't necessary that the average citizen have wealth to fling wide the door and walk boldly into Nature's colorful and interesting world. Nor does it require great talent. All that actually is necessary is to take advantage of the opportunity. Some of life's darkest hours can be brightened by a hobby. Self-destruction can be traced to brooding. No man who has put his hands, legs and mind to work on hobbies has time for excess brooding. life is too short at best and has its moments of giggles, perhaps a guffaw and then a flood of tears. Time wisely spent means memory treasures and a thousand new streets splashed with sunshine and happiness. One extremely active business man explained his great source of energy thusly: "I am a star gazer. When the vast heavens fling out the carpet of stars, I enjoy watching and studying them. Even in town, I tilt back my head and peer into the heavens until my neck aches. It is amusing how other people will look upwondering what on earth I see. "On one occasion a policeman, suspicious of me, asked the meaning of my gazing. It developed that he too had wondered about the stars as he walked his beat. He was delighted when I pointed out Orion, the hunter, and the dog that trotted at his heels. He was amazed at the candlepower of Sirius and the distance of Fomalhaut. People stared at us. We didn't care. I am convinced that my star gazing keeps up my spirit, builds up my energy and gives me strength to meet business mental strain at the office." While this man could have afforded a more expensive hobby, he chose a poor man's hobby. Most hobbies are a poor man's luxury. A good nature hobby is insurance against old age, grief, sickness or jangled nerves. Not only are hobbies free but in most cases they are self-taught. Spare time is the only payment demanded. It is possible to start a dozen hobbies in your backyard. Toss out a few crumbs for birds and when those wild birds eat out of your hand, you have succeeded. It takes patience and kindness before you win the confidence of the birds. It can be done. Perhaps you would like to be a collector. You could gather arrowheads, litchens, geological specimens, flowers, ferns, butterflys and dozens of other things. Each specimen is a witness to the march of time and fascination of distribution. One man who never had time for a hobby, turned to a study of birds while confined to bed with an illness that kept him shut in for months. He used a pair of second-hand binoculars from his window. He was proud that he could identify 100 different kinds of birds and is convinced this hobby put him on his feet months ahead of schedule. If you are searching for a vigorous hobby, why not shells. There are said to be 50,000 species and several thousand miles of beaches and river banks to walk. Why not have your own amateur weather station. You will need a rain gauge, thermometer, weather vane and a simple barometer. You might even include an instrument to measure wind velocity. There are several different kinds of clouds and before long, you would know them and their meaning. A book from the library can be a great help to beginners. Fling open the door to Nature and share in its wonders. You will enjoy it. MARCH,1944 Volume XII, No. VIII JOE l. STEARNS, Editor Published monthly by The Georstia Game and Fish Commission, 414 State Capitol, Atlanta, Ga., in the interest of GOONia wildlife and for fishermen, hunters, nature lovers and conservation of natural resources. Yearly subscriptions to United States and its possessions, and Canada. $1; other countries, $1.60. Subscribers must notify us of chanste of address four weeks in advance of next publication date, lI'ivinlt both old and new address. Contenta of this maltazine may be reprinted if due credit is given Outdoor Georgia and author of atories reprinted. This mS28zine is g).tid to receive photos. drawings, stories and articles dealing with outdoor subjects, but cannot guarantee return of un80licited contributions nor insure altainst their 1088. Contributions not accompanied by sufficient postage will not be returned. Entered a8 2nd cIa.. matter AUlrast 31, 1940, at the post office at Atlanta, under the Act of March 3. 1879. WILLIAMS PTG. CO. ATLANTA 100,000 4 -H Clubbers Participate In New Vigorous wildlife Progralll $100.00 War Bonds To Be Awarded with 5 for second place winners. Third place winners get 3 in cash. Boy and Girl State Champs An examination will be given 4-H Clubbers. Those making 70 and above T OMORROW is another day. It may be today's opportunity if And to the victors will belong the spoils. Those youngsters who partake will receive Junior Wildlife Ranger Honor Cards. Every 4-H member in the state 14 years of age or older is wisely used. Today they are boys and of the hard work and beneficial activ- eligible. girls-tomorrow they guide the destinies of America. If our youth is ities outlined in the program wiII not go without a reward. State Wildlife Rangers will co-operate and work with the youngsters in taught the glory of work and how' to At the top of the list of awards will .the extensive program. The boys and extract the joy from the job of liv- be $100 worth of living in America girls will draw maps of their farms, ing, we can be assured of good citi- in the form of a war bond. The boy plant wildlife food crops, such as les- zens. and girl doing the outstanding job in pedeza seri.cea, vetch, benne and mil Out of the ranks of the boys and the state will each be given a $100 let. They will plant cover crops and girls will come our leaders in con- War Bond. Then 74 lucky winners either reclaim fish ponds or build servation. As they think, so will our will get free trips to the State 4-H new ones. They will report illegal natural resources be governed, handled and wisely used. Our prosperity Club Wildlife Conservation Camp; scheduled for August at Camp Wah- traps in the fields to Rangers. These are but a few items on the schedule is simply our natural resources. In- sega. Other winners, 26 of them, will that will occupy the attention of thou- stead of "now is the time for all good get free trips to the State 4-H Club sands of young Georgians. men to come to the aid of their parties" we might astutely put it," ow is th6 time to prepare our youth to as sume the responsibility of future conservation to insure its continued Congress, billed for October in Atlanta. To the boy and girl doing outstanding work in each of the four extension districts will go $10 in cash A record of the activities of each member will oe kept. Some of the workers with -special qualifications (Continued on Poge J6) healthy progress." W. A. Sutton, energetic State 4-H Club Leader, has announced a wild- life conservation program of far- reaching consequences, which con- tainlS vigor, vitality and clarity. This program is for 4-H Club members and is expected to embrace the activ- ities of approximately 100,000 boys and girls over the state. Preliminary details have been ironed out and work already is underway. The program is sponsored by the Game and Fish Commission in close-knit cooperation with the 4-H Club officials. While the plans for the contest tend to lean over a bit in the direction of wildlife, enough elasticity is evident to assure useful, progressive work in soil conservation, pollution control, higher plane of food production, good agricultural practices and general work pertaining to safeguarding and intelligent use of natural resources. Boys and girls in the rural sections of every county in the state will be exposed to. an educational program designed to show the value and meth- ods of protecting and increasing the wildlife population. In a word, it will amount to an actual demonstration of the need and value of our wildlife and all things assocIated with progressive wildlife development. New friends, J00,000 of them, for this squirrel ond 011 other forms of wildlife in the stote. (Photo by H. 8. Contrell.) OUTDOOR GEORGIA March 1943 3 rll' r]IJDI'] PI .. J ~r~DI']~~~!~:I 11 c:q -II~!:!r]~~~!: ~ YOU NAME 'EM (Check )'OItJ' gltl'JS Oil page 16) @ :' Indian' Springs Treaty... Brought Georgia Dangerously Close To War By NELSON M. SHIPP Allllistant Commiuioner, State Divillion of Conllervation OUR grandfathers and grandmothers and their parents were especially proud of the health-giving spring located at historic Indian Springs, but" few Georgians today ,probably know that it is located on land which, when ceded to the state, nearly caused Georgia to have a private war with the federal government. Jn fact, a highly interes6ng story is woven around Indian Springs, and it has been well said that its older buildings, the Varner House and Elder Hotel, fairly ring with historic lore and with stories of the development of Georgia. White man did not discover Indian Springs until 1792. A government scout, Douglas Watson, passing near the spring, detecte~ a sulphuric odor. Thinking he smelled gun-powder, he cautiously made his way around the ~pot to avoid runing into unfriendly Redskins. Some days later, under native guidance, Watson returned and found the sulphur spring. Eight years later, General McIntosh, the famous half-Indian so prominent in the pages of Georgia history, built a cabin there. A large Indian encampment existed about this time on the high hill directly west of the spring. Here the Creek tribes brought their sick for treatment, for they were well aware of the medicinal qualities of these waters. In fact, from their popularity with the Creeks was derived the name"Indian Springs." In 1823, with the help of Joel Bailey, General McIntosh built a hotel across the creek from the spring. The Varner family later bought the hotel. On the doors and other woodwork one may find carvings which are said to have been cut with a knife by the famous general. The Indian Springs treaty was entered into between the State of Georgia and the Creek Indian ation in 1825 and almost caused a war between Georgia and the United States government. Signed by McIntosh, it deeded all the remainder of the Creek ation to the State. The Lower Creeks OUTDOOR GEORGIA March 1943 agreed to the treaty, but the Upper Creeks of Alabama branded McIntosh as a traitor and four months later, on May 1, 1825, at 3 :00 A. M., they killed and scalped him at his home. When the treaty was signed, General McIntosh gave permission as chief of the Cowetas for an engineering survey of the land to be made by the State, and Governor Troup provided engineers to work on the task. As to what then happened, let us quote one of our historians: "Feeling ran high. Legislature ordered a survey of the ceded territory to proceed. John Quincy Adams, who had become President, directed Governor Troup to stop the survey, because of the hostile attitude of the Jndians. Governor Troup refused, declaring that 'Georgia owns the soil, and has a right to survey it.' The President threatened to have the surveyors arrested, but the Governor or dered them to proceed. Finally the President proposed to refer the treaty to Congress, and the survey was suspended, not as admitting any right of the President or Congress to stop it, but as a matter of comity, as Governor Troup said. "In 1826 the federal government, desiring to pacify the Indians, en tered into a treaty with thirteen chiefs of the Creek Nation, declaring the treaty of 1825 cancelled, and making a new treaty, the result of which was to leave in possession of the Indians a large tract of the land, amounting to about 300,000 acres, which had been ceded under the treaty of 1825, postponing the giving up of the lands ceded and allowing twenty-four months for the removal of the Indians. The representatives in Congress entered a protest and Governor Troup refused to recognize the new treaty and ordered the surveyors to proceed. He declared that the vested rights of Georgia could not thus be taken from her. The Indians complained. Correspondence followed, and finally the Secretary of War informed the Governor that the surveyors must keep off the lands, and threatened that, if the Governor refused to stop them, military force would be used." Doughty Governor Troup stood his ground and replied as follows: "From the first decisive act of hostility, you wiII be considered as a public enemy, and with no less repugnance, because you, to whom we might have constitutionally appealed for our defense against the invasion, are yourselves the invaders, and what is more, the unblushing allies of savages, whose cause you have adopted." "Strong words," as our historian asserts, "from a Governor to a Secretary of War! But that was not all. The Governor promptly ordered the generals commanding Sixth and Seventh Divisions of Georgia Militia to hold their commands in readiness to repel any invasion of the State. Matters were assuming an acute stage, when Congress, guided by conservative counsels, recommended the immediate acquirement from the Indians of all the lands held by them in Georgia. The Creek Chiefs and head men agreed, and the Creeks were paid about $28,000 in money and given a lot of blankets, and it was agreed that certain sums should be expended for schools, etc. Thus was the danger of an ar,med clash between Georgia and the United States averted." Indian Springs Park was practically completed as a state park and opened to the public on April 17, 1937, on which date it was visited by approximately 3,000 persons. Although only twelve acres around the main spring were acquired by the State through the McIntosh treaty of 1825, in recent years an additional 146 acres were added to the property. The park now lies between Hopolthyeloholo and the Aboothelacoosta Creeks. As Willard' eal once remarked in the Atlanta Journal, these two streams are hardly longer than their names, but they cascade down the front of the park, near the M.acon highway, as picturesquely as any rapids in'the country. These historic waters turn the old Indian Springs grist mill, which has been a landmark for over three-quarters of a century. A modern swimming pool and three brownstone buildings have been erected on the original twelve acre plat by CCC workers. One of (Continued on Poge 12) s FrOIll SOUP to NUTSI {r {r Nature Provides Full Course Dinner of Edible Plants {r {r By PROFESSOR M. H. BERRY W...l"yQn College T HERE is something terrifying about the stark realization that you are lost in the woods, but when the panic subsides you can have some comfort in the thought that you will not starve. Many even expect a ghost to be lurking behind every shrub and tree. If there are any ghosts present they are probably amiable ones and possibly closely related to the gentle wood nymphs. Of course you can't "shin" up the first tree and find a cold soft drink, or look under the first rock and find the evening paper, but being lost in the woods shouldn't interfere with your eating. In fact, the woods can give you food, clothing, shelter, and drink, if you know where to look. Probably everyone has a limited amount of paganism in his nature and when lost in the woods this becomes a valuahle asset. Primitive man was not an agriculturist. He subsisted on the forest. The modern man is thought to be the more resourceful animal. All of our conventional food plants were once uncultivated and grew wild. Woods and other wild plants should not be shunned because they are wild. There are valuable food plants growing uncultivated. The majority of our cultivated food plants came originally from the warmer parts of the Old World. The land bordering the Mediterranean Sea, especially the region near its eastern end, is particularly fruitful in this respect. This does not .mean that these plants were limited wholly to this region, but civilization started there and hence the use of wild plants became important first in that region. Let's talk about eating. Eating is a pleasant diver ion costing millions of dollars and man-hours daily. All of us are familiar with a limited number of edible plants such as blackberries, pawpaw, certain nuts, and wild "greens." The season, of course, controls our woodland menu. In Autumn, ature's storehouse i filled to the brim, but if the leaves are dead much of the treasure lies hidden from view and you must depend upon habitats and other factors to find your food. One of the first thing that pop into your mind i which is edible and which is poisonous. Fortunately there are few poisonous plants in the orth Temperate Zone, but some of them are deadly. One is not to conclude that because a plant has an attractive appearance that it is edible. Too, it is not safe to assume that if one part of a plant is edible the others are. Some of the poisonou plants are the black nightshade (Atropa belladonna) , the poison hemlock (Conium maculatum) , and the moonseed (Menispermum canadense). The poison hemlock is not in any way related to the hemlock trees, (Tsuga caroliniana) , that inhabit the ravines of our orth Georgia Mountains, but is a member of the carrot family (Ammiaceae) . The leafy shoots of the common poke-weeds are edible, _but the roots are poisonous. The fruit of the mandrake or Map-apple is the only part of the plant that is edible. Usually the poison is most potent' when the plants are succulent and fresh, but much of it is rendered harmless through cooking. The manihot plant of the tropics is poisonous when raw, but when cooked it forms the perfectly edible tapioca and cassava. It is said that during a famine in China the people ate everything, including poisonous plants, but the Chinese ( May-pop or Passion Flower has a fruit that is mild to the taste and is quite nutritious. It can be used to molee jelly. OUTDOOR GEORGIA March 1943 didn't know they were poisonous l!O they suHered no ill effects. If the forest abounds with game and you have the means of procuring meat you are fortunate. However, the most likely substitute for meat is mushrooms. Again, you must use caution in gathering mushrooms. Unfortunately ~ere is no simple magic by which uninformed persons can distinguish poisonous mushrooms from the edible, but a few are distinct in form, color, and texture that render their identity relatively easy. A few simple rules should be observed. Do not (unless you are tired of living) eat mushrooms that are in the button or early stage as many of the poisonous species do not show their characteristics at this time. Do not gather mushrooms with a membrane-like cup, bowl, or bag at the base. Do not eat mushrooms with the underside of the cap full of minute pores. Do not eat mushrooms with a pale, milky juice. Avoid mushrooms that have a flat top, smooth bright red cap, and with radiating gills. Do not eat the yellow-orange mushrooms that grow about old wood which have crowded solid stems, convex over-lapping caps, broad gills extending down the stem and the surface phosphorescent in the dark.' Do not eat mushrooms that are beginning to decay. This list seems all-inclusive yet there are many that do not fall in these categories. A safe mushroom to gather is the puffball. The puffballs (Lycoperdon calvatica), when young, have a white flesh. There is one species with dark flesh that is held in suspicion, however. They vary from the tiny rounded or balloon-shaped species, which are too small to be useful, to the giant puffball, (Calvatica gigantea), which varies from a few inches to a foot in diameter. It grows in grassy fields, disturbed soil, and rich thickets. It may be peeled, sliced, and fried, or it may be cut into bits and stewed. One of the most delicious mushrooms is the beef-steak mushroom, (Fistulina hepatica). It is said to be as good when broiled as a tenderloin steak. The juice of the plant is slightly acid, but this can be removed by soaking in water (particularly salt water) and pouring off the liquid. It then can be sliced and fried in oil or butter. It is found on old stumps,. rotten logs, and dead trunks of hard- ~ 'naian Turnip or Jaclc-in.f".,pu'pif "as a roof stock f"af was once f"oug"t fo b. poisonous, buf w".n f"oroug"'y ariea ana grouna info lIour jf malres. gooa br.aa. OUTDOOR GEORGIA March 1943 wood trees. It can be recognized by its short stalk and shelf-like solitary bracts. It is shaped like a broad open fan. The fleshy juicy shelf is about one-half-inch thick, dark red, and when wet and sticky above it usually has distinct lines of color radiating from the base. The under surface is yellow and full of fine pores. ow that we have meat we need bread. Every country boy knows that the root of the Indian turnip, sometimes called Jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyUum) , has certain acrid qualities that render it unfit for eating. This peppery-puckery taste is due to the crystals of calcium oxalate fOlmd in the fresh plant, but prolonged drying decomposes the chemical and when dried and ground it makes good bread. Acorns of the white oak (Quercus alba) also make good bread. The fresh acorns have a bitter taste because of the tannin present. This can be eliminated by breaking up the acorn meats and soaking them in the liquor of wood ashes. The meats should then be dried, pulverized, and htade into bread. There are many plants that can be used to make flour. The following list is a good sample: mountain rice, drop-seed grass, wild rice, millet, pickerel-weed, walnuts, butternuts, hazelnuts, hickory nuts, sunflower seeds, elder flowers, clover seeds, and a host of other grasses. With meat and bread on our forest table, let's see what ature has in store in the way of vegetables. It is difficult to determine what is vegetable and what is fruit. Suppose we assume th~t plant foods that require cooking come in the vegetable category. Potatoes are the staple diet of the average American, and in the woods we need not want for this commodity. Artichoke, lilies, wild potato, and spring-beauties have bulbs or roots that are rich in starch and can be eaten as a sllbstitute for Irish potatoes. The wild potato (l pomoea pandurata) has a yam-like root and if eaten raw has certain purgative qualities, but if cooked it is quite edible. (Confinuea on Page 16) Colonel Joseph W. Lockhart, of Moody Field, down Valdosta way, invited me to join him on a bird hunt before the season ran out. He also said we would ride a couple of cavalry horses he owns. Probably the Colonel can't understand why I didn't show up for the bird hunt as much as I enjoy it. The cardinal reason is that somebody has been telling me about cavalry horses. They say that this type horse does not recognize such simple obstacles as automobiles, fences, and wagons. These horses will not waste time going around such things-they just leap over. Now I would never admit to the Colonel that I am not a rider of the first water. Still discretion is the better part of valor. If Stearns is ever to glide over a parked automobile or the top of a small tree, he is not going to be sitting on a horse when it happens. Several years ago I rode a horse, a tame old nag a pal of mine owned. He claimed it came from China. It was a huge animal and I was assured it had little ambition to' do any serious running. I jogged along calmly down a trail. It was great fun. Just what happened, I will never know. Suddenly the animal came to a complete stop--snorted a couple of times and then tore out through the woods like a Kentucky Derby champion. It is all very hazy now. I remember little except hanging on for my life. Part of the time I rode on the neck and then shifted to the rumble seat. I yelled stop a million times and in four languages. English, broken English, profanity and pig-latin. As we tore down the trail I wondered if the nag had seen a ghost. My own ghost was about a mile back trying to catch up with me. Three limbs whacked me on the head. I was sure the horse would finally stop, it just couldn't run all day and night-or could it? I remember saying to myself, as that wild piece of horse flesh churned up the road, and gave me the spanking of my life, "There is no future in this sort of thing.". 8 As I remember it, I was glad it wasn't a cavalry horse because we suddenly came to a fence. There is no way to get an answer from a h~rse that has decided to limber up its legs in an insane dash with no particular destination in mind. The horse decided not to hop over the fence but by his jolting halt, he arranged conveniently for me to get over on the other side and right into a brier patch. It must have been an e/Ven five miles back. I led the anunal home although in no condition for such a hike. If that horse could have understood the things I' said about it, I'm sure it would have slugged me with one of its iron shoes. The animal was returned to my friend with this comment~"Here's your horse, and if I never see another horse as long as I live, it will suit me." My pal explained that the horse would have stopped if I had said stop in Chinese, the only language it understood. I've learned to stay stop in Chinese. If you swallow an egg, shell and all, it sounds like the noise you will make after it hits bottom. M. D. McRae, assistant director of the Game and Fish Commission, says the saddle used on cavalry horses looks like a tobacco tag with a shoe horn attached. Any amateur equestrian attempting to ride with that sort of handicap is worthy of consideration for a padded cell. I'd prefer a pair of padded riding breeches. Colonel Lockhart is a gentleman and a scholar of the old school and of notable forensic ability. I have a feeling he will talk me into a ride which is going to find me hugging a horse's neck or proximity and making a futile effort to qualify for 'the pony express. O. K., Colonel, quit twisting my arm, I'll ride. T HERE is an ant in the Honduras called the parasol ant or the umbrella ant. Wh~re these ants are found, it is impossible to plan a garden as they will snip off every green thing that sticks out of the ground. The soldier ants of the umbrella family grow an inch long and do not hesitate to attack anything that disturbs them. Their bite is so powerful, it draws blood. Natives relish the ants. They are said to taste something like crisp bacon when roasted. Before roasting the head,'legs, and wings of the ants are removed. The world's largest antlers were provided by an Alaskan moose. The antlers weighed 60 pounds and spread almost 6Yz feet. Russians first discovered the orth ern Sea Otter in the Aleutian Islands. The otter was about half tame and easily killed with clubs. It is highly prized for its fur which runs from a deep brown to a jet black. The hides brought such splendid prices that the animals were slaughtered without reo gard. Male, female' and youngsters were taken in large numbers. ow they are protected and recovering from that dark period of slaughter. The sea otter mother nurses her pups at the breast. She plays with her young by tossing them into the air and catching them. She will protect her pups with her life. If a pup is (Continued on Page J2) SHAMROCK AND HEATHER "Birds of a feather flock together," Some wear the shamrock and some w~ar the heather; But the Irish never raise a storm When the Scotch they hear is in liquid form. -Wightman F. Melton. OUTDOOR GEORGIA March 1943 Starling talcing May beetle to young. (U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service Photo.) STARLINGS HAVE COME TO STAY~ .. I T SEEMS the starling has come to tay. Along about 1900, so~ebody in ew York was unhappy with cater- pillow moths and imported a few pair of starlings to rid the state of these pests. It was like punching a hole in a balloon to let a little air out. In the years that followed and up to date, the starling has proved to be terrific, prolific and a problem. Be as- sured that the starling is fond of large families. In the fading hours of daylight, starlings sweep in to "take over" the State Capitol. Clouds of them swarm over the building and thickly populate the trees on the lawn. One might go as far as to say the starling is a major pest. Still all of its actions are not damaging. It's diet includes such pests as the May beetle, clover-leaf weevil, lhe Japanese beetle, cutworms and grasshoppers. The bird is roundly criticized for its liking of cherries, fruit and garden truck. . Objections also have been raised to its usurping the nesting sites of native birds and to its congregating in enormous roosts. In an effort to scatter the starlings, wire nettings have been placed over favorite hangouts, Roman candles have been fired and trees have been trimmed. Where other methods have failed, farmers have tied tin cans and bells in the treetops and they claim these noisemaking devices scare the daylights out of the birds. Another favorite method of sending the starlings on their way is to attach a rope in the. treetops and shake the rascals out during the night. Chalk up one failure. One large hotel, wishing to have DO starlings visiting their ledges, placed electric lights in the favorite roosts with the net result that the birds moved in close, enjoying the warmth of the bulb. Some even perched on the glowing bulbs. Somewhat larger than the common sparrow, the starling has won a reputation as a fighter. It has been known to attack and chase other birds off their nests. It defends its young viciously against all comers. Several years ago a farmer in England was inspecting his unusually large crop of grapes. They were ready for market and packers were scheduled to start work the next morning. That afternoon, the farm~r strolled through the vineyard admiring the luscious, abundant clusters of grapes. Suddenly a dark cloud of starlings appeared over head. The birds swarmed into the vineyard and when they departed, the. grapes had been picked. It would be difficult to get that farmer to say a kind word in defense of the starling. There is no cause for alarm in Georgia. Tlie starling population here has not reached the point where control methods are necessary. + + RED CROSS WAR FUnD CAmPAIGn BEGinS mARCH lSi {r ~~ ~ S~14~?teeded7~ ~~ {r OUTDOOR GEORGIA March 1943 9 PAUli BUIYAI '3fIa4 S~III ()~ S~ ':<::ated 350-,44, gteM gt~ By JOE STEARNS PAUL BUNYAN, the character who pulled up loblolly pine trees and used them for toothpicks, was a sissy. And if it is proof you want, venture down to Waycross and let some of the old timers tell you some stories about Obediah Barbour. He lived on the edge of the Okefenokee Swamp back in the days when automobiles were curiosities, the ladies wore hoop skirts and the men walked down main street with 44's bumping against their loins. You will hear stories about this Mr: Barbour that will make you think you are celebrating the ew Year all over again and the egg nog is flowing and you are solely responsible for the alcohol shortage. Teetotalers, miserably sober, just don't believe their ears. But every word is true. Every word can be verified by Obediah's son, "Perry, who still lives in that section. Obediah was 6 feet 3 inches straight up and down and when he. stood in a aoorway, daylight squeezed to get in too. His anns were immense. His biceps were enough to discourage any belligerent neighbor or cantankerous fellow in search of an argument. His hands looked like Swift's hams with bananas hanging down. When Obediah spoke, his voice had the smooth, calm quality that goes with a clap of thunder. But for all of this, Obediah was a mild mannered man whose philosophy led him to believe that if he attended to his own business he wouldn't have time to be sticking his olfactory member in other folks business. As a result he had many friends. It isn't exactly clear what Obediah was doing that morning out in" thff pasture. Perhaps he was pulling up tree stumps with his bare hands, but he saw his son, Perry, and some of the boys trying to hitch "up" an ox to a wagon. Every time the boys would get the wagon up to the ox, it would step forward and out of hitch. A stubborn animal indeed. Perry and the boys followed the ox 50 feet trying to get the wagon hitched. It seemed like a lot of lost motion and wasted energy. Leo Bornhi'" of Homerville, was sick and tired of having this bear ste?' his honey and bust up his hives. A trap put this 200 pounds of fur and muscles out of business but not before he had clawed down part of a wire fence and killed the pine sapling just behind him with his terrible claws. Even on the other end of a log Mr. Barnhill is a brave man. /I that bear hod popped out of that trap, Leo would have swallowed that cigar. (Photo furnished by Fronk Dean, of Dover Hall.) 10 Obediah watched this provoking situation a few moments before he told the boys to get ready to hitch up. He walked over, grabbed the ox by its .tail and dragged it back into harness. ext time you feel stuffed with vitamins, try that little stunt. One day Obediah went down into the Okefenokee Swamp with a neighbor to try to round up some pigs tLat had strayed away. The neighbor rode a' horse that all but ran its tongue out 'keeping up with the long, sturdy strides of Obediah. They penetrated deep into the swamp. The ntighbor had to dismount to get through the entanglements. Finally they tied the horse and set out on foot deep into the Okefenokee. Suddenly they heard the squalling of a sow as it scurried through the palmettos in their direction. 0 pig ever ran harder and in such desperation. And no pig ever had a better reason for running. Just behind the animal lumbered a 350 pound black bear, drooling with the thoughts of a blue plate special a la succulent pig. Obediah had his own idea about pork chops and spare ribs. So he just walked in between the pig and the hungry bear. He figured the bear would halt and perhaps retreat as bears ordinarily will do under such circumstances. But this bear didn't relish the idea of this man stepping between him and his lunch. He let go a paralyzing, spine-chilling growl. His tiny black eyes blazed in anger. The swamp man stood his ground. Obediah's neighbor covered ground, yelling to the top of his lungs, "Run fo' yo' life." Before Obediah could as much as look around, his neighbor was back there sitting on the horse and ready to test his nag with Man 0' War. The black shaggy animal roared a time or two and charged. Obediah accepted the challenge and met his adversary head on. There in the still: ness of the Okefenokee Swamp, witnessed only by a man and a horse in the distance, and some cypress trees, was one of the greatest fights ever to take place in Georgia, or any other place. Obediah might have been fighting for his life. Many believe OUTDOOR GEORGIA March 1943 though that it was just because he loved a good fight. Time and again the bear's big, powerful jaws snapped shut inches from Obediah's throat. It is hard enough to kill a 350 pound bear with a good rifle but who would like to try it with nothing more than bare fists? Bear and man tumbled and rolled in the soft swamp land, in a bitter battle. The bear finally got enough of this human buzz saw. He scrambled out of the fight and wobbled off. Obediah's clothes were just so many rags. Bear claws had raked him from head to foot. His body was so covered with blood that he looked like a red man from Mars or wherever red men come from. Obediah reached his companion sitting up there on the horse. The man couldn't believe his eyes. Obediah had just "whupped a b'ar. But now Mr. Barbour had caught his second wind. His temper got away from him. ow he was good and mad. 0 blankety-blank bear could do him this way. He roared at his friend, "Why didn't chew fetch me sumpin to kill 'em wid?" With that he reached down, picked up a "lighterwood knot" then snatched his friend from the saddle and mounted the horse. The startled man stood there watching. "What manner 0' man er wildman wuz this a-galloping down in the swamp wid a stick and chasin' a h'ar?" he thought. When the horse saw what he was chasing, he tossed all four of his iron shoes into the ground and skidded to a dead stip. Obediah slid out of the saddle and jumped the bear again-this time with a resounding wallop on its nose with the "lighterwood knot." The tenderest place on a bear is his nose. Now here is a little piece of advice, in case you ever want to try this sort of thing, remembernever hit a bear on the nose with a stick. In raging fury the bear went into Obediah and Obediah went into the bear. Round two.! But this time Lhe swamper was well armed with Ii stick and it was to the finish. After C\ fierce, bloody, slashing fight, the 350 pound bear lay dead at Obediah's feet. Obediah then turned his attention to hi~ neighbor who had recovered the horse and was last seen with his shirttail flapping in the breeze and heading for home. Obediah's temper was still on fire. Had he been able to get his hands on the fellow he might have additional use for the "lighterwood knot." Ripped, bleeding, half alive, Obediah staggered home. Il was several days before his torn body would permit him to leave the house. His temper had cooled. Finally he left the house and made his way to his neighbor's house to apologize for his temper. After all, he had expected too much from the fellow. No neighbor in his right sense would. apprQach a bear bare- handed. Obediah had a little gift which he planned ~o present to his iriend to show h~ that there were no hard feelings. Obediah knocked on the door. He knocked harder. Then he dern near knocked the door down. He opened the door and stepped inthe house was empty. Armed with anything less than a machine gun, you are in danger if you walle up on one of these fur coats in the woods. A photographer snapped this. one in the Cheroleee National Forest and then ...an so for and so long, his shoes looleed lilee spats when h~ did stop. OUTDOOR GEORGIA March 1943 11 Indian Springs Treaty. (Continued from Page 5) these, a handsome stone house, was built over the mineral spring and is surrounded by a sunken garden. Overlooking is a great stone casino built upon a high terrace. In the rear of the spring, on a high hill, is an attractive museum building which is being filled with Indian relics. It is highly important that we preserve many of the Indian relics so that future generations may know something definite of the pattern of prehistoric life in Georgia, the interesting and colorful manner in which the aborigines of our section lived. The aforesaid three buildings were constructed of native stone, which was quarried, chipped and placed by the CCC boys, and the work compares well, it is said, with other outstanding stone structures in the United States. Trails runs systematically through the forest in the park, beginning back of the casino and passing Little Clear Water Spring and the trailer camp on the hill, and finally reaching the Rock of the Bleeding Heart. One of the curiosities at' Indian Springs, the Rock is a huge boulder pushing up from the ground, and on its smooth face i the perfect outline of a heart with an arrow thrust through it. The stone is now covered with a gray fungus, with exception of the heart and arrow design. The legend that an Indian medicine man placed the heart there in blood is given little credence since Cupid and his love darts were not a tradition of the red men. In the old days, a stage coach ran from Forsyth, sixteen miles away, with a stop half way between where horses were changed. When Sherman passed through there, he camped at one .of the hotels, and all the mattresses were taken out for his soldiers to sleep on. The hotel was owned by the grand- father of J. E. Cornell, who was born at the Springs. His grandfather came .down from Virginia some time in the forties and bought a large farm near the Springs. He intended to be a farmer, but so many summer visittlrs came that he kept adding rooms to his home until he had added fifty rooms, and the farm became a truck garden to fill the cellars and pantries of his hotel. Then he built another hotel much larger. When Sherman and his troops came through, hi grandmother knocked out one wall of a room on the ground Roor before they got there, ran the tage coach inside, and boarded up the wall again. Sherman's forces never found the coach, and it was used for many years afterward. Parts of it are still in existence as ornaments and curios; the lights are now on the driveway at one of Atlanta's fine homes on Pace's Ferry Road. In 1881, a two-mile-long railroad was built to the Springs from Flovilla. Two locomotives pulled open cars and cl uring the summer there were six trains a day. Many visitors to the prings took the train to Flovilla and back just for the ride; the writer, at the age of six, was one of these and the experience remains one of the supreme joys of his lifetime. orne years the little road paid 40 per cent dividends, but the coming of automobiles forced it out of business, and in 1918 it was sold for junk; it brought enough money, however, to pay the par value of the stock. Another great experience of the \ riter at the aforesaid early age was attending a big cake-walk in the immense ballroom at the Wigwam, which had 125 rooms and was the biggest hotel ever built at the Springs. It \ as destroyed by fire 43 years ago. When the Springs were discovered 252 years ago, the hills and valleys there were covered with virgin forests, and the bottom land, along the creek, was an almost impenetrable cane thicket. A section of the forest still exists, on the hillside above the creek, and has been preserved in its original condition. Here the imaginative visitor can catch some of the romance and glamor of its past. The Springs have been a famous health center for more than 100 ,ears, and the spot still enjoys great popularity. Its waters are noted for health-giving and curative power, it being asserted that 54 diseases respond to its medicinal effects. Ward Harrison, director of state parks in the Division of Conservation, recommends the Springs in these graphic words: "How could you spend a vacation better than where natural laws are observed, where you can rest and relax to your hearfs content or indulge in many delightful activities that are available, where you enjoy charming social contacts? ot only vacationists 12 (Continued from Page 8) killed, she will carry the dead youngster around for days and finally she will die of a broken heart. he carries the young on land the same way as house cats carry their kittens. When angry, the sea otter hisses like a cat. ative methods' have been' taught American jungle fighters in a Ranger and Combat School in Hawaii. Our men learn to add pandamus fruit, breadfruit, bananas, papayas, taro, yams, ti-root, sugar cane, tropical almonds, kurui nuts and cocoanuts to their diet. They know that the frond of certain tropical trees taste like cucumbers. Most of the men are fond of green bananas baked in ground ovens. American j ~mgle fighters have learned to strip wild hibiscus for fibers to make andals, ropes, fish nets and other necessary items. Coconut leaves are use"d to build shelters. A case of pre-fabrication by ature. Coconut shell are u ed to carry fresh drinking water. Thi jungle knowledge undoubtedly has come in handy on more than one occasion. Farm ponds or small pools can produce 600 pounds of fish per acre.. The size of the fish in these ponds will depend on the food supply and proper harvesting. Fish culture authorities believe that between 25 and 30 per cent of the fish should be removed each vear ... Time is short for the Victory gardens. The Game and Fish Commission receives many calls from gardeners who say rabbits are destoying their vegetables. If rabbits are nibbling into your garden product, trap them and then release them in an area where they will not do much damage. It is not a good policy to slaughter the animals to save your garden. The rabbits are important as a game food and also for their pelts. By line-trapping them and releasing them in other areas, you are doing a service for the hunter and you are helping keep Georgia wildlife in the fields ... Be sure to call or write the Game and Fish Commiss"ion for a permit. J but literally hundreds of people made world-weary by the demands of modern life, need periodically not a phy!iician but rather a place where they may, for a brief spell, shed their responsibilities. Individuals of this sort respond readily to Indian Springs water, mild exercise, carefully ordered meals and relaxation." OUTDOOR GEORGIA March 1943 Heres Your Test on Forestry There are 30 towns in Georgia with the name of a tree in them. How many towns not trees can you find in this letter from a tourist to his friend: Dear Lynwood Myrtle and I have had more fun in Georgia than we had in Hollywood. We asked a fellow on the road where we could park to get the best pine view in the state. He told us to drive ahead one mile and at the first oak, park the car on the left in a pine grove and follow a sign to holly springs. Hazel was with us and jabbered like a magpie. Chipley finally said, "Why don't you get quiet." So Hazel hurst. you get to that big cedar, town is just to the left." Later me and my pal met to discuss nature. He asked me if I had ever seen a locust grove. I didn't want to confess my ignorance, so I said nothing. I was tempted to ask him if he had ever seen a gum log? I learned how to roast acorns. Just let the ash burn to a glow and put them in. They made us thirsty so we drank some water from magnolia springs. If you want to know something poplar, springs win the honors down here especially if you are thirsty. Trees grow fast down here. The cedar springs out of the ground over night. We were' surprised to find we could buy gum, think of it, sweet gum at Sc a pack. At Pine Mountain State Park we sat on a cherry log under a big round oak looking out over pine park. We walked down the trail to see chestnut gap. It was a long climb and Hazel sat on a pine log to eat pecans. She said as she broke the shell of the first pecan, "City life isn't what it is cracked up to be." We ran out of pecans but we were lucky enough to run into a walnut grove. You know Hazel has a horror of funerals. She turned so white, oak limbs looked black beside her. It was the first time I had ever seen a pine hurst. Georgia is a huge state. We got .. lost in the coastal plains. A farmer directed us back to the hotel. "When Longleaf pine seedling, less than a month old, geHing a start in a strange world. Note how this seedling compares with a safety match shown on left. That ribbon-like crown of the seedling ;s the wing which it has not yet shed. Given protection from fire, this will be a magnificent longleaf pine in 15 years. (U. S. Forest Service Photo.) . OUTDOOR GEORGIA March 1943 I've never seen so much lumber, city after city full of it. We will be home in a week. See you then. Your pal, Mayhaw. (Tum to page 18jor the correct list) RETARDED PROGRESS We thought that we were going some 'With cookers that were fireless; And we ;"ere almost stricken dumb With messages by IYireless; But a new puzzle now has came- We work, but we are TIRELESS. -Wightman F. Melton. 13 Fishing, Hunting Front Line Topius, Patriuk Says Buddy Patrick of Atlanta, is one of those young fellows who enjoyed a good bull session at the corner drug store; would count three, jab a straw in a soda and race a pal to the bottom. Yes, Buddy is a typical American youth with limited experience scratching the fuzz off his face with a razor. He is on the shady side of 20 and today is a grizzled veteran in the grim business of war. Patrick signed up, sailed to London and was with People often say, "My dog can do everything but talk." Now if this little dog could speak, wonder what he might say to this fawn? This striking picture sent in by Game & Fish Commissioner C. L McCarthy, of White Oak. but we just keep our fingers crossed anyway. In a recent letter Buddy wrote; "You ask what we think about and talk about out here. We talk fishing and hunting and abolit getting back home to catch up on both. I'd swap all of. these oceans I've been over for a little mountain stream in orth Georgia. I'd also swap my gun for a flyrod and go after a big rainbow. Outdoor Georgia magazine gets worn out here in a week. So many fellows here read it-they just wear it out turning pages. When we get this busines~ on hand over I'll be coming home for a long session with my rod and reel." Buddy has been away from Georgia a long time. 0 doubt about ithe gets a little homesick. He 'had never been away from home before the Army took him. Some Outdoor Georgia readers have a little spare time. How about dropping a swell fellow a line. A few words of cheer would do more for Buddy than anything on earth. His address: Sgt. U. H. Patrick 307 F T R Sq. 31 Ftr. Gp. A.P.O. 525 c/o Postmaster ew York, . Y. Outdoor Georgia gets around. Buddy Patrick, of Atlanta, reads his copy on a rock pile in Sicily. the invasion force that stormed ashore in Africa. Later he was in the thick of the fight that chased the Axis partners off Sicily. Buddy was with the American force that slashed its way over to the Italian mainland. Right now Buddy is making it hot for Germany and will continue to do his job until the American flag ripples in the breeze over Berlin. Mild-mannered, good natured, Buddy was promoted to Sergeant shortly after he entered the service. He won distinction and honor as an athlete at Tech High School. He is the kind of kid that smiles his way right into your heart. All of us that know him, feel sure he will take care of himself Some firemen at Rome own this houseboat and when they feel a fishing trip coming on, they iust run the boot up the river and make a week-end of it. Quite a nifty ideo - catch 'em and cook 'em right on the boat. The day of luxury still lingers, An ideal method of lifting the burden of the world off weary shoulders. OUTDOOR GEORGIA ,March 1943 YOU USE IT 70 TIMES EVERY DAY W ATER is one. of the commonplace things of life to which the average person never gives a second thought. Yet, next to the air we breath, it is the most important thing to daily life. A person might be able to exist two months without food but would never make it without water. Men can fight on and on without food but if they lose their water supply, the white flag of surrender will fly. Few of us realize that we use 50 gallons of water per person in our homes daily. Our bodies are perhaps a little better than 707c. water, our food is almost half water and the treasured cup of coffee at breakfast is nothing more than flavored water. The 50 gallons of water you use each day at home would weigh 400 pounds if you were to attempt to lift it. It takes 200 pounds of water to produce the electric power each person uses in his home daily. That half pound helping of roast beef you had for dinner required 5,000 pounds of water for the steer to drink and for the grass it ate. When you say "pass the potatoes" and you take a serving, it took 100 pounds of water to get that helping on your plate. The slice of bread required 300 pounds. Your daily newspaper needed 50 pounds of water to make the paper from wood and this does not consider the 500 or more pounds the tree used to grow the wood. Fortunately and unlike our other natural resources, water is used over and over again. One of the biggest industries in the \ orld is the industry of our cities getting water to us in our homes, factories and offices. It costs millions of dollars to get the water to you and after you have used it, it costs millions more to get rid of it. There is no doubt about it, water is our biggest and most irnpor:tant war material. Actually one big steel comp~ny limited its production a few years ago because of insufficient water supply. After all, it requires 18,000 gallons of water to run out one ton of steel. It takes a large glass of water to produce the steel in a 6-penny nail. The water needed to manufacture the materials used in one of Uncle Sam's medium tanks, would supply all of the needs for a city the size of Decatur. It took a glass of water to make this page of paper. The alcohol in whiskey is being used to produce gunpowder. To produce an 11/ 2 ounce drink of whiskey calls for 20 glasses of water. One armored division can shoot 600 tons of ammunition a day. The water used to make the powder alone used in this 600 tons would completely supply a city of 50,000. It takes one glass of water to move a freight train 40 inches. Rural life is mote or less dependent on rainfall. Without sufficient rainfall-no crops. Engineers seeking factory and industrial site, first check the water supply. The Army does not build camps nor award contracts unless the water supply i adequate. Atlanta uses over 35,000 000 gallons of water daily. Maybe we have too many people who take a bath every day. otice that mo t military camps are in outh Georgia. There is a reason. There is plenty of available water in OUTDOOR GEORGIA March 1943 artesian beds in South Georgia. Almost any place in the coastal plain, a well can be drilled, lined with a few hundred feet of pipe, chlorinated a little and there is a water supply for 10,000 men at a small cost. This same work could be done in orth Georgia and the water supply wouldn't be enough to keep 500 men happy. Most of the orth Georgia water comes from surface streams. The water supply both underground and on surface is chec)ced and double checked. Georgia knows within a few thousand gallons what it can depend on in the way of water. The U. S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the State Department of Mines conducts a stream gaging pro'gram so this state will understand and maintain a good water supply system. Industrial plants can (Continued on Page J6) Twelve inch well at city water works with air-lift on at Albany. FrOlll SOUP to NUTS! (Continued from Page 7) It is a twining vine an Name of Fish Number allowed each Size Limit fisherman per day Rockfish or striped bass 12 inches 10 Large-mouth black bass 12 inches 10 Small-mouth black bass 12 inches 10 Rock bass 5 inches 10 Kentucky or red eye bass 8 inches 10 Bream 5 inches 25 Perch 5 inches 25 Crappie 7 inches 15 Jackfish or eastern pickerel 12 inches 15 Wall-eyed pike 12 inches 3 Muskallunge 15 inches 2 Brook troul Rainbow I~oul 7 inches 10 7 inches 10 Brown Iroul 7 inches 10 Redbreasl 5 inches 25 No person may posse s more Ihan 30 fish in the aggregate of all species. o more than 10 bas of any or all species in the aggregate can be taken m one day. No more than 10 Iroul of any or all species in the aggregate can be laken in one day. There shall be no sale of ihe following game fi h: Rockfi h or striped ba s, large-mouth. black1 ba , small-mouth. black bass, rock bas, Kentucky or red-eye ba s, crappie, JacKfi h or eastern pickerel, wall-eyed pike, mu kallunge, brook troul! :~mbow trout, bro:wn trout, redbre~st. The e are in addition to the laws prohlbillng the u e of emes, traps, explo ive , and all other laws now in effect. TOWNS IN GEORGIA NAMED FOR TREES (ANSWERS TO TEST ON PAGE 13) Oak Pork Pinegrove Pine View Hazlehurst Holly Springs lumber City lynwood Cedar Springs Sweetgum Pine Mountain Round Oak Myrtle Pecan City Pine Pork Chestnut Gop Mayhaw Cherry log Pinehurst Chipley White Oak Walnut Grove Palmetto Cedartown locust Grove Ashburn Gumlog Pine log Magnolia Springs Poplar Springs Hollywood F ~VICTORY BUY UNITED STATES WAR BONDS AND STAMPS THIS MOITH'S RECIPE VAGABOND STEW Rabbit i one of t.:e most adaptable of meat and can be prepared by cooks in many ways other than by frying, traditionally the most popular method of preparation, according to the Fish and Wildlife Service of the Department of the Interior. A favorite of cooks familiar with rabhil the recipe for Vagabond Stew: Vagabond Slew 1 mature rabbit 3 tahle~poons butler I tea poon alt 1 cup potatoes (Julienne) V~ cup celery (J ulienne) 1 onion, !iced 2 cup broth (from rabbit) 1 cup carrot (Julienne) 1 cup tomato auce II:! cu p chopped parsley 1,4 cup Rour % cup cold water J uliennl': Cut ion match-size strips. KNOW YOUR GEORGIA! OUTDOOR GEORGIA keeps you informed on wildlife activities and natural ~esources in our state. You can ge.t 12 exciting issues for $1.00. Send III your name toda ! 412 State Capitol, Atlanta, Ga. Name . __ Address Cover rabbit with salt water and stew until tender, drain, and save broth. When cold, remove meat from bones and chop coar ely. Melt butter in skillet, add potaloe , celery, onion, and carrots. Cover and cook slowly for 15 minutes. Add broth and tomalo sauce. Bring to a boil and add meat, parsley, and salt. Blend Rour and water until mooth and add' slowly to stew, tir until thickened, and let cook slowly for 15 minutes. (Six servings.) 18 OUTDOOR GEORGIA March 1943 January Summary of Cases Disposed of for Game and Fish Viorations Arresting Officer DEFENDANT Autry, J. N. Autry, J. N. H. C. White, Decatur M. Franklin, Scottdale Autry, J. N. Autry, J. N. George Marignay, Scottdale W. J. Morris, Brookhaven Autry, J. N. Andrew Derricott, lithonia Autry, J. N. P. B. Burdette, Atlanta Autry, J. N. H. L. Burdette, Atlanta Dockery, W. W. Paul Erwin, Gainesville Dockery, W. W. Dean Thomas, Gainesville Dockery, W. W. Eugene Thomas, Gainesville. Dockery, W. W. George Satterfield, Gainesville Dyer, H. L. Troy Dunham, ludowici Forester, H. G. Doyle Brady, lyerly Hardy, T. W. Dr. W. H. Jarrell, lakehurst Hardy, T. W. Guy Hall, Jr., lakemont Phillips, M. P. T. E. Wickersham, Ohio Phillips, M. P. Clifton Folsom, Ohio Rogers, Edd Rogers, Edd Rogers, Edd Selph, J. H. W. M. Woodall, Austell Emmet R. Crowe, Atlanta Pat Alley, Austell E. W. Perkins, Broaklet Selph, J. H. Smith, J. H. Smith, J. H. Spears, R. E. Spears, R. E. Spears, R. E. Spears, R. E. Spears, R. E. Spears, R. E. Williams, D. E. Williams, D. E. Young, C. G. Young, C. G. Young, C. G. Young, C. G. Young, C. G. Young, C. G. Eddie Joiner, Brooklet T. T. Stewart, Dufflin Dewey Warnock, Dufflin L. E. Maddox, Augusta J. F. Johnson, Augusta F. W. Johnson, Augusta E. L. Douglas, Augusta G. F. Bevill, Augusta H. M. Dye, Martinez Joe Wells, lincolnton R. L. Moncrief, Augusta M. L. Mashburn, Moultrie W. A. Youngblood, Albany J. H. Kirkpatrick, Albany R. W. Watson, Albany Gene Wise, Americus Nolan Warren, Cordele CHARGED WITH DISPOSITION Hunting without license $5 fine Hunting without license $10 fine Hunting without license $10 fine Hunting without license $15 fine Hunting without license $10 fine Basket fishing $15 fine Basket fishing $15 fine Hunting on refuge $5 and cost Hunting on refuge Hunting on refuge $5 and cost $5 and cost Hunting on refuge $5 and cost Trapping without license $1 or, 30 days Hunting without license $1 and cost Unplugged gun and killing waterfowl $1 including cost Unplugged gun and killing waterfowl $1 including cost resident license Hunting and trapping with Court cost and license Hunting and trapping with resident license Court cost and license Hunting without license $5 fine Hunting without license $5 fine Hunting without license $5 fine Fishing unlawful nets, also no fishing license Fishing unlawful nets Hunting without license $50 or 6 mo. $35 or 6 mo. Cost and license Hunting without license Cost and license Hunting without license Hunting without license Hunting without license license fee $10 fine $5 fine Hunting without license Hunting without license Hunting without license $1, fine $5 fine $5 fine Hunting without license $5 fine Hunting without license $5 fine Fishing without license Fishing out of season $15 court cost or 30 days 6 mo. suspended sentence Fishing out of season Fishing out of season Shooting duck after hours Shooting doves after sundown 6 mo. probated sentence 6 mo. probated sentence In the service In the service OUTDOOR GEORGIA March 1943 19 * COVER PAGES * Never for a moment should there be any doubt that birds are a wary lot. H. B. Cantrell, of Bremen, set up a camera which he operated by remote control, yet this mama mockingbird reveals her' suspicious nature as she stands ready to defend her young. The rationing program hasn't bothered this little family. You just don't need stamps for worms and insects. Note that papa mockingbird does not appear in the picture. A wife and three babies doesn't count with the draft board these days. The back page shows the old State Capitol at Milledgeville. The building had its face lifted in a remodeling program and stands as one of the landmarks of the state. (Photo by Joe Stearns). Page Forest Hospitality 2 Talking Fish 3 Control Measures, Education Urged To Reduce Forest Fire Hazards 4 You Tell 'Em 5 Joe Stearns Wildlife Tidbits 5 Vitamin Jackpot ..__.__ 7 The Nose That Knows Daniel In Lion's Den __ _ Joe Stearns State Parks Open April 15 Nelson M. Shipp "Macon Area" _. __ Dr. A. S. Furcron Ranging Around The States This Month's Recipe 9 __10-11 __ 13 14 . . 15 15 February Summary of Cases Disposed of For Game and Fish Violations 18 In The Mail 19 Fishing Regulations _ 19 Few things on earth fill one with appreciation, cheer, intrigue, and warmth as hospitality. Southern hospitality has for years stood in a class all alone. Visitors are puzzled by the friendly greetings, the smiles and graciousness from total strangers. There is no hospitality to rival that of hunter and fisherman. They will lend strangers their fishing gear or part with precious shells to a companion in distress. They will share their accommodations, lend boats, divide the lures or bait and if you know a tall tale, it is ample remuneration. The person who understands the inner-workings of hospitality is an artist. Unfortunately, not all of us are experts of this valuable social asset. Ostentatious display of charm is like waving a red flag in front of a malcontent bull. Nothing fails so completely as false hospitality. All of us could take lessons from the forest. Our woodlands are masters of hospitality. First of all, you know you are welcome. The trees seem to enjoy your company and visit. They spread their carpet of leaves and grass before you. Wild flowers perfume the air with a subtle fragrance to delight your senses. They do not annoy you with gossip or small talk. They leave you alone with your thoughts and seem to try to help you work out your vexing problems. A squirrel darts across outstretched limbs. This is his home. The trees not only house him and his family but also drop delicious acorns to provide him with food. Foliage clusters to permit only a light trickle of sun-rays on blistering hot days. If clouds gather and rain falls, again the trees provide protection. Pleasant streams filled with fluvial treasures trickle through the forest softly murmuring as they course lazily along. Scattered fruit trees and berries tempt your appetite and clean, flowing, cool water quenches your thirst. No unpleasant drink is thrust into your hands, no unsavory food is served. You help yourself to those things you desire and a second or third helping is not forbidden. Your mind is cleared. A troubled world seems so far away. You appreciate the meaning of 'Joy of Living'. Your lungs drink in clean, fresh, pure air. You are not there to make your peace with Godfor here you feel you have never quarrelled with Him. As gentle winds rustle the stretching tree tops, you realize how insignificant man actually is. Nervous tension, built up over a period of years involving daily routine, expenses, business failures or successes, now vanish as if brushed away by a strong, unseen han To the person who has enjoyed forest hospitality, a r woods fire shooting up large tongues of flame to lick out the lif f friendly trees causes him to feel the pangs of sadness. More than one man has silently uttered a prayer for rain as he stood helpless, watching an unchecked blaze devastate his favorite retreat. Yes, the forest is your friend, my friend, everybody's friend. A friend that offers all and asks nothing in return. It will always remain. the most hospitable host on earth. A complete master of the art of hospitality. APRil, 1944 Volume XII, No. IX JOE l. STEARNS, Editor Published monthly by The Georll:ia Game and Fish Commission, 414 State Capitol, Atlanta, Ga., in the interest of Georll:ia wildlife and for fishermen. hunters, nature lovers and conservation of natural resources. Yearly subscriptions to United States and its possessions, and Canada, $I; other countrie., $1.50. Subscribers must notify us of chanl'e of address four weeks in advance of next publicatio'\ date, giving both old and new address. Contents of this mal Illegal hunting J. B. Collins, Swainsboro Illegal hunting M. Collins, Swainsboro Illegal hunting Alfred Rivers, Swainsboro Illegal hunting J. H. King, Swainsboro Illegal hunting W. H. Smith, Sandersville Illegal fishing l. V. Durden, Metter Hunting without license W. P. Farlow, Metter Hunting without license Rufus Bridgis, Kite Illegal hunting Clyde Bartin, Fargo Killing Otter Charles Young, Fargo Killing Otter DISPOSITION $28.40 fine $28.40 fine 6 mos. suspended $28.40 fine Convicted $15.00 fine $15.00 fine $15.00 fine $15.00 fine $15.00 fine $50.00 and costs $15.00 fine $15.00 fine Convicted Convicted $50.00 and costs $5.00 fine $10.00 fine $10.00 fine $10.00 fine $10.00 fine Probated $10.00 fine $10.00 fine $10.00 fine $10.00 fioe $10.00 fine $6.60 and license .Convicted Convicted Probated 12 mos. probation 12 mos. probation FEDERAL CASES Arresting Officer DEFENDANT Parker B. Smith James P. Moses, Savannah Parker B. Smith John R. Moses, Savannah Parker B. Smith Claude E. Findley, Savannah 18 CHARGED WITH DISPOSITION Unplugged gun, no duck stamp Unplugged gun, no duck stamp Unplugged gun, no duck stamp $10.00 fine $20.00 fine $20.00 fine OUTDOOR GEORGIA April 1944 TheMAIL ~ BOX PORT FIELD 710 Phoenix Building Minneapolis Iinn. Dear Editor:- I con ider your Outdoor Georgia one of the snappiest of aU the tate magazines and read it with great interest every month. It sparkle. Your very truly, hippIe. Editor field brch 17, 1944 Lafayette, La. Dear Editor: I would like to renew my ubscription to Outdoor Georgia. I will keep you infonned a to changes in addre a they occur. eedless to say, a magazine like Outdoor Georgia really help you to appreciate what vou were in. It serve_ to make me home. ick but it also erv s to bring up my morale. It makes me feel that I've a lot to see near home that I've never thought about. Enclo ed please find 1.00 for the coming year' subscription. ery incerely. John . Crenshaw. Jr. FISHERMAN'S LUCK Along life's rood By the old mill-streom Is the ploce to fish When the woters teem With cotfish, suckers, Perch ond trout, If you know just how To pull 'em out; But first there must be Suitoble bait And the willingness To sit and waitWait for a nibble And then a bite, Until the cork Goes out of sight. Then 0 steady pullBut a dirty deal When you fish for a trout And catch an eel; But eel-skin garters Are the best there is For a-curin' inflammatory Rheumatiz. Fishin' and life Are much the same To a man who knows How to ploy the game; And some find comfort, At the close of day, Telling of the "biguns" That got away. -Wightman F. Melton. o TDOOR GEORGIA April 1944 FISHI G REGULATIONS Jacks River Drainage (except Rough Creek) APR I L April 15, 16, 19, 20, 22, 23, 26, 27, 29, 30. . Cohutta MAY Rock Creek Loke and Rock Creek Drainage May 6, 7, 13, 14, 20, 21, . 27, 28 Blue Ridge Noontootly Creek Drainoge Montgomery Creek Droinage Jones Creek Drainage __. May 10, 11, 31 May 17, 18 May 24, 25 . Blue Ridge Blue Ridge . Blue Ridge Dukes Creek Drainage . May 6, 7, 13, 14, 20, Chattahoochee- 21,31 ._ Chestatee Chattahoochee River and Spoilcane Creek Droinages . Moy 27, 28 __ ChattahoocheeChestatee Smith Creek Drainoge .May 10, 11, 17, 18, 24, 25 __ __ ChattahoocheeChestatee Moccasin Creek Drainage . May 6, 7, 13, 14, 20, 21, 27, 28 _ Loke Burton Wildcat Creek Droinage May 10, 11, 17, 18,24, 25, 31 Lake Burton Jacks River Drainage May 6, 7, 10, 11, 13 14, (except Rough Creek) Conasauga River Drainage 17, 18,20,21,24,25,31 Cohutta May 27, 28 CohlJtta JUNE Rock Creek Lake and Rock Creek Drainage . Noontootly Creek Drainage Montgomery Creek Drainage Jones Creek Drainage Dukes Creek Drainage .. Chattahoochee River and Spoilcane Creek Drainages Moccasin Creek Drainage __.. Wildcat Creek Drainage Jacks River Drainage . (except Rough Creek) Conasauga River Drainage _. June 3, 4, 10, 11, 17, ._ 18, 24, 25 Blue Ridge . June 1, 21, 22 . Blue Ridge June 7, 8 Blue Ridge June 14, 15, 28, 29 Blue Ridge June 1,7,8, 14, 15,21, Chattahoochee 22, 28, 29 ._____ Chestatee June 3, 4, 10, 11, 17, 18, 24, 25 _. ChattahoocheeChestatee June 7, 8, 14, 15, 21, 22, 28, 29 . Lake Burton June 1,3,4, 10,11,17, 18, 24, 25 . Lake Burton June 1, 10, 11, 17, 18, 24, 25 . Cohutta . ._ June 3, 4, 7, 8, 14, 15, 21, 22, 28, 29 Cohutta SIZE LIMIT: The minimum size limit for all trout is 7 inches. CREEL LIMIT: The maximum catch in any day and the maximum number in possession for one person shall not exceed 10 fish of anyone or all species. FEES AND MANNER OF FISHING: Fishing permits shall be $1.00 per person per day or $10.00 for a season permit. Permits shall be valid on any stream or lake during the regulated season for such water. Permits shall not be valid unless accompanied by a regular State Fishing License. Children under sixteen years of age shall be allowed to fish without permit. Fish shall be taken only with rod and line. Any type of bait or lure, except Baltimore minnows or goldfish, may be used. Each permittee shall have in use at anyone time on the area not more than one rod and line. PERMITS NECESSARY BEFORE FISHING: Fishermen are required to obtain fishing permits before they begin fishing_ Permits can be obtained from the,Wildlife Rangers on the areas or they can be obtained from the following addresses: Georgia Game & Fish Commission, State Capitol, Atlanta, Georgia. Forest Supervisor, U. S. Forest Service, Gainesville, Georgia. District Forest Ranger, U. S. Forest Service, Blue Ridge, Georgia_ District Forest Ranger, U. S. Forest Service, Suches, Georgia. District Forest Ranger, U. S_ Forest Service, Clayton, Georgia. Wildlife Rallgers and patrt)lmen will be at various road entrancos into the areas and permits may be obtained from them_ However, to avoid delay in getting storted, fishermen should obtain permits as far in advance as possible_ Persons found fishing without permits will be liable for legal action. FISHING TIME: Fishing shall be permitted only between the hours of sunup and 7:00 p. m. of the same day, war time. CREEL CENSUS: Each permittee will be furnished a franked Government postal card, addressed to the Forest Ranger, on the back of which is a form for recording pertinent information in regard to his catch. Each permittee will be requested to fill out the card and leave it with Rangers or patrolmen or mail it (no postage required). The information obtained from these cords, if accurately recorded, will be of voue in formulating future policies_ 19