--_.._-- "-. - --- * COVER PAGES * This splendid underwater photo was loaned to Outdoor Geargia by the Pennsylvania Game and fish Department and shows trout during spawning season. More of these remarkable pictures with an excellent story by John 801n, fish Culturist of the U. S. fish and Wildlife Service, may be found on pages 10 and II. These striking pictures are the result of great patience and skill and Outdoor Georgia is proud to present them to its readers. July 4th is a great and celebrated day in American history. The Department of Natural Resources expresses its sentiments with this back page picture and it seems to fit in so well with Independence Day. Marjorie Cravey holds Old Glory while Maurine McDougall (next to flag) and Gloria McCleskey stand at attention. (Photo by Joe Stearns.) Invest in U. S. A.-BUY BONDS Commissioner lack Cravey Page 2 State To Release 60,000 Quail 3 Notoriously Destructive-The Crow. 4 Beverly Burch Jefferson Davis State Park-In Pictures. 5 Georgia's Bee Industry. Joe Stearns . ... 6-] Fighting Muskie loses Battle 8 Native Brook Trout. John B/osz 10-11 Wildlife Tidbits 13 5,000 See Ceramic Exhibit. 14 Ceramic Industry 15 Cary Hansard Conservation, Please! 16 You Tell 'Em 16 Joe Stearns In The Mail 19 Fishing Seasons and Regulations . . . 19 **** * * **** INVEST IN THE U. S. A. * * * BUY BDJlD ~ * * * RECENTlY I issued a suggestion to the Division of Wildlife Rangers, asking the boys to purchase as many war bonds and stamps as possible. Weeks ago I pledged the cooperation of the Department of Natural Resources in the purchase of war bonds and I am proud to report that in many instances employees are buying more than the recommended 100/0 of the salary in war bonds. For pure patriotic fervor I want to cite the case of Ranger Hoyt Seabolt. Ranger Seabolt is stationed in the Chattahoochee National Forest Management Area. The nearest town from his home is Blue Ridge and it is about 25 miles away. Mr. and Mrs. Seabolt are about three miles from the nearest neighbor. In the stillness of the mountain nights, the Sea bolts have plenty of time to discuss the problems of the world and their constant companion is a radio which keeps them up to the minute on war news. They decided one night to invest in America and Democracy. It was their way of showing their appreciation for a free country and a land of liberty. Each time Ranger Seabolt drives his car into town over twisting mountain trails he returns home with another war bond. This couple, far away from bright city lights, upon last report had purchased more than $3,000 worth of war bonds and they. have promised to keep up the pace until Old Glory is flying above Tokyo and Berlin. America can never lose a war with citizens of this type holding down the home front. The wife of one Ranger sold chickens, ducks and pigs. With this income she purchased war bonds and now has more than $400 worth of bonds. The Rangers all have promised to buy bonds until it hurts. I am sure these men will not let us down. The least we can do back home is to invest in America and Uncle Sam offers a good profit on each dollar used for war bond purchases. While our boys are sacrificing their lives and fortunes and facing enemy bullets each day - we at home should be proud we can have a share in victory by the purchase of bonds. No American would want to have our Soldiers and Sailors and Marines go into battle not properly equipped. Our dollars for bonds are used to buy guns, bombs and other implements of war. We can have the best equipped army on earth if all of us, after we think we have bought enough bonds - buy one more and then one more. Buy bonds now and there will be no bondage in America. JULY, 1942 OUTJD)(Q)(Q)IRi GIE(Q)IRiGllA ( I Volum ,No._XU! ZACK D. CRAVEY, Editor JOE l. STEARNS, Managing Editor PAT COOPER, Associate Editor BEVERLY BURCH, Feature Editor Published monthly by The Georgia Department of Natural Resources, 422 State Capitol, Atlanta, Ga., in the interest of Georgia wildlife and for fishermen, hunters, nature lovers and conservation of natural resources. Yearly subscriptions to United States and its posses- sions, 'and Canada, 75 cents; other countries, $1.50. Subscribers must notify us of cbange of address four weeks in advance of next pub- lication date, giving both old and new address. Contents of this magazine must not be reprinted without permission. This magazine is glad to receive photbs, drawings, stories and articles dealing with outdoor subjects. but cannot guarantee return of unsolicited contributions nor insure against their loss. Contributions not accompanied by sufficient postage will not be returned. Entered as 2nd class matter August 31, 1940, at the post office at Atlanta, under the Act of March 3, 1879. co "ILLIA.S PTO ATLANTA STATE GAME FARM TO RELEASE 60,.000 !2 AMONG FARMERS, SPORTSMEN, ~LUBS THIS SEASON_ GEORGlkS Game Farm near Atlanta will relea e . 60,000 quail this sea on, according to Superin- tendent Ralph Buice. The first delivery of day-old quail will be made early in July and will be continued op into October. The first delivery wiIl find 1200 young quail distributed among farmers, ~portsmen and wildlife club. The e young ter will be given every attention and when eight weeks old, they will be relea ed into protected Georgia field. The system of handling quail propagation among sportsmen has been changed entirely this year. Last year the Game Farm delivered quail eggs which were placed under bantam hens for hatching but this method left much to be desired. Under this -sy tern Buice esti. mates only 15,000 birds actually reached. hunting grounds. Under the new, streamlined system, the day-old quail will be delivered, placed in brooders and Georgia's lands will have 60,000 quail well. distrihuted. The game farm has more than doubled its capacity of output. Baby quail are coming out of the two new incubators at a rate of 1800 per week now and this will Tltis Iype lub will be used e"'ensive/y Ihis season by sportsmen in laking care of young quail dislribuled by lite Slale Game Farm. It will pro vide Iteal and keep lite young birds from being cltilled on coo/ nig"'s. OUTDOOR GEORGIA July 1942 Nalure does its sltare in lite restocking of our lands willt quail. Here a Iten is sit own on Iter nesl. Bul nalure is not yel 9b/e . to supply enot:J~ quai/for tlte demand, so your State Game Farm makes up lite dillerence. (Soil Conservation Service pltoto.) be tepped up until 4,500 are being handled by August 1. That is a lot of quail. The Game Farm i open to the public. Large crowds of visitor are present each Sunday to watch tate workers gather egg and inspect, feed and water the stock birds. . Superintendent Buice deserves praise for his efficient and industrious efforts in behalf of the quail farm. Buice took over the farm when it was in a ruri-down condition. Today the quail pens are spotlessly white and clean. Where the mortality rate among the birds once was checked at 250/0, it now has reached the new low of only 50/0 and still is going down. Applications have been heavy for young quail. It would take 300000 quail to fiIl alI the applications on hand. This admittedly is impo" ible but it is the aim and hope of Commissioner Zack D. Cravey and Governor Talmadge to make this possible in future years. It is possible this year to release 60,000 quail ~ I Governor Talmadge and Commissioner l\~ Ty funds for necessary expansion. LIB F.; 1\ ;; I ES j OF GE.URG'~ By BEVERLY BURCH T OST non-game birds are con- L sidered so beneficial to agriculture they rate year 'round protection by the Division of Wildlife. But not the crow. His repugnant habit of stealing eggs and young from the ne ts of other birds makes him extremely unpopular. And the way crows rob a field of sprouting corn and peanuts, peck holes in melons and peaches, and filch pecans, dassifies him as a grade-A rascal. All told, his reputation is about as black as his feathers and the Wildlife Division is urging boys, farmers and hunters to kill him on sight. Director Cravey estimates each crow does a minimum of $50 worth of damage per year by eating crops and destroying game and beneficial non-game birds. However, for all hi bad ways, the crow is extremely crafty and difficult to kill. So, when Outdoor Georgia heard that four Atlanta hunters were successful in crow destruction, it dispatched a reporter to get the detail . Charles Knott, insurance man, and J. M. Caldwell, blacksmith, are the "comeon" men of this crow killing squadron, for they know how to lure the black devils with their decoy calls. Their partners are Pete Barth, employed at Conley (Army Quartermaster Depot near Atlanta), and Tom Faison, realtor, who form the firing squad. They guess that in four years they have shot between 5,000 and 6,000 of the rascals. Generally crows are wise to artificial crow-calls and sit off in the distance ignoring hunters who try to trick them. But somehow Mr. Knott manages to give out a call which the squadron believes means distress in crow signals. At any rate, it fetches them. However, the call won't hold crows, especially after shots are fired, so Caldwell uses his decoy, \ hich he be- 4 THE ~ROW! ,4t/tuda g~ dJO/UH "dJi/lb; g~", el.a.un (!)tJe/I, 5,000 KilJecJ, !In dJOWJ, 'lfeaM- lieves is a fighting call. Anyhow, it holds them on the scene or lures them back until practically the last une can be killed. The ignal men shoot tho e which are near at hand while Barth and Faison get those which fly off at a distance. either Mr. Knott nor Mr. Caldwell can tell how they are able to give the genuine crow sounds. They say it's a technique which is acquired through practice and study. "I couldn't begin to esti- mate the hours I've put in learning the fighting-signal, as 1 interpret my call," Caldwell declares. "Sometimes when a reed wears out, and 1 put in a new one, 1 have t~ spend hours tuning it for the natural tone." To get the correct pitch, the men u e the genuine artid the crow himself. They go to the \ oods or field, and Ii ten to him. "We've shot them when they had a beakfull of shelled peanuts some farmer planted for seed," Mr. Knott says. "And we've found white smudges on their black face, when, they had been swiping milk out of young corn. 'Also, we've found them with telltale egg smears on their face, after they've been robbing the nests of other birds," deeJar s Mr. Caldwell. "And even worse, we've caught them eating the young of other birds." On top of that, "they are full of fiea , lice I;lnd even smell bad." So (Continued on Page 13) Curiosity got the best 01 these crows lost spring when they come within firing range 01 the "squadron." Lelt to right, the hunters are Charles Knoff, who gives the "distress ,signal;" J. M. Coldwell, who lollows up with the "fighting call;" Pete Borth, and Tom Faison, who lorm the firing squad. OUTDOOR GEORGIA July 1942 l-Jefferson Davis State Park is located 2 miles north of Irwinville. These lofty pine trees provide shade, comfort and content ment for hundreds of visitors to the park each week. 2-A monument in the park to Jefferson Davis, President of the Confed erate States of America. The bust is in bronze. 3-A. C. Coburn, Superintendent of the park, shows a splendid collection of firearms, relics of yesteryear. The guns were given to the state by Mitchell Coffee, of Eastman. Many of these old firearms were actually used in the War between the States. 4-Mrs. A. C. Coburn shows one of the Rint lock type guns. This one has a wooden ramrod. With this gun, your tar get would have to be patient and hold per fectly still while you prepared for action. 5-Th .. park marks the exact spot where Jefferson Davis was captured May 10, 1865. This museum contains many artifacts of the War between the States. (Photos by Joe Stearns.) [SIDE T Of rf'[ EDER-\ E _TATL OF A [InCA 1861 - I"b~ l-This hive is ready for shaking. The queen bee has been removed. The worker bees will be shaken into the wire cage on the right and shipped-probably to Canada. 2-Each wire cage contains about 6 pounds of bees. This one had too many and they are being transferred to another cage by a worker. 3-Here is the actual shaking. The frame is tapped against the funnel-like box and the bees tumble down into the wire cage. The workers in the background are locating the queen bee and removing her from the hive before the shaker takes charge. 4-A color picture was recently made by the State Entomology Department of the queen bee laying and other phases of the bee industry. Wilmer Kimberly is behind the camera and W. B. Cash, State Bee Inspector, holds up a frame for camero action. The film will be shown to beekeepers soon. 5-Each cage is weighed. 6-Honey Bees-II Holding large cons of delicious Georgia honey at G. G. Puett's place in Hahira. Hattilu Mcintyre (left), Rosalind Taylor and Anne Stiche seem quite interested in honey. By JOE STEARNS W ITHOUT the benefit of fanfare. shocking publicity tricks and a drum and fife corps to di charge a curl' nt of hu,ine s-gettirill; huild.up from coast to coast. Georll;ia in a rather quiet and orderly fa hion can du'ts an annual million dollar in du.tn in-\es. ,ir-bees. \oi man; Georgians know that in early spring shippers in outh Georgia ,end hee to all parts of me rica and e\'en foreign countrie in carload lots, Truck, regularly beat a path from _outh Georgia a far orth as Canaoa di tributing our be. Thousands of dollars pour into Georgia from the sale of bees. After this sale of mil lions of bees is concluded, Georgia hees start gathering honey which is worth many more thousands of dollar to our honey producers. Getting oown to simple figure. the a\erage hive equipped to produce hone) is worth from 8 to 10 and some producers have as many' as ~.OOO hives. ~trange and mysterious i the life. action. living condition and home activities of bee. There' i nothing fal e about the statement. 'busy a a bee." Not \\hen you con ider it requires 80.000 trips by \\orker bees to tore up a ingle pound of honey. this i written. Georgia bees are working indu triously in the Ea t ern PSirt of the United tate, the Mid- West and Canada ga hering hone,. When winter comes in these ections. the owners rob the hi\'es and gas the bees-briefly. they kill all of their bees so the will not have to leave a great tore' of honey in the hive to tide the bee through the win tel' months. That i where Georgia comes in. In the spring. the e owners order new bee from us. Georgia sends the bees in a wire cage which is arranged to include a queen and a can of sugar and water, whieh will get them to their destination in a healthy (ondition. The new owner places them in the hive and the queen soon starts lay- ing. In almost no lime at all the honey starts coming in. Three kinds of hee are to he found in each hi e. The queen bee is the hoss. he is the, perfect female \\ ho lay: the egg and controls the population of the hi\'e. he can lay as much as Ihre times her own weight' each day ,or. in round figures. she la)s a many a 3.000 eggs per 2-1 hours. \\hi h prove -the a erage chicken is a lacker. There is the worker bee \I hich i considered the undev loped and imperfect female. The drone-the llIan of the bee fam ily-get little or no attention, In fact. .\\'hen the \\ orker tart /?:athcring hone) late in the _pring. they chase a\\av or kill all the drones. as they are ~onsidered loafer and no loafer i all \led in bee hive, ature provid d well for bee ln the way of fa, is most unhappy. If he can just knock that blasted flea off his ear-it'll be a better world in which to live-so for as he is concerned. 3-C. c. Corter, of Waycross, found the fishing in Lbura S. Walker state pork to be mighty good. He is counting his string of Perch and Bream, and there is enough for the entire family dinner. 4-T. f. Harden, of Commerce, set some kind of record recently when he hooked this IB-inch Brook Trout in Rock Creek. It was a beautiful 3-pound fighter and one of the largest Brook Trout ever caught in Georgia. 5-They have a splendid method for beating the heat these hot days at Lauro S. Walker state pork near Way~ross-hop into a bathing suit and get into the cool sparkling lake water. 6-Baby quail are hatching out each week at the state quail hatchery near Atlanta. The division of Wildlife is distributing day-old quail in Georgia this year by the thousands. There'll be swell hunting next fait. 1 These pictures taken underwater show clearly Nature's ..,. trout. Here ;s shown preliminary contact 01 the male and fern to secure these series of pictures. The trout here ore busy On t Outdoor Georgia by Pennsylvania Boord of Fish Commissioner are ready to spawn. It is somewhat difficult to believe you Oct 4-Comera skill enabled the photographer to catch this pic/, position during actual spawning-the mole is above and sfig ~~l~~E ~~ 01 (j1U q~ d) By JOHN BLOSZ Reeional Supervisor of Fish Culture U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service THE only trout that is native to Georgia is the brook or speckled trout, although other varieties have been introduced successfully. It is found in the headwaters of mountain streams and is one of the most beautiful and active of the American trouts. It prefers clear, cold, rapid streams. This trout is a member of the s~lmoll family and belongs to that" group of trout known as chans, characterized by the presence of round CrImson spots on the sides of the body. The general form of the hrook trout's hody varies considerably, sometimes being elongated and sometimes rath- er short, hut the usual depth is ahout one-fourth or onefifth of the length. The head is large and hlunt, and is contained four and one-half times in the hody length. The large mouth is provided with teeth on the jaws, tongue, and palate bones, and also with a small patch on the vomer. The eye is placed high in the head; its diameter is about one-sixth the length of the head. The tail is square or slightly lunate in the adult; forked in the young. There is considerable variation in the color of this trout, dependent on local conditions, sex, and age. As a general rule the back is a greenish or grayish color. Along the middle of the side are numerous round, light. red spots surrounded by whitish or light-brownish circular area. The brook trout may be distinguished from the other charrs by the darkbrown or black marblings on the back and the general absence of spot. The pan marks, which are always present in young trout and salmon, are often found in large brook trout. These marks, which in the brook trout are about eight in number, are large, dark, vertical blotches or bars extending along the side. The individual brook trout may vary greatly in form and color; not only those of different waters, but often those of the same body of water or different parts of the sam~ lake or stream. Modifications of both form and color also appear during the breeding season. This variation is a protection pro- "'ay 01 keeping Georgia's mountain streams stocked with brook ! Ie during spawning season. 2-/nfinite patience was required .r,.I the actual work 01 building the nest. All pictures loaned to 3-Alter having carelully constructed the nest, the fish now lefually are seeing these fish in their natural underwater habitat. 'eal the female jusl belare depositing the eggs. S-Female in 'ightly to Ihe rear 01 the lema Ie . .......... vided by nature which permits the fish to change its color and markings rapidly when passing from one environment to another. As in external markings, there is likewise a great variation in the color of the flesh of brook trout. Although in most instances it is white, trout with yellow or rich, red flesh are not rare. The ize of the brook trout varies in different localitie and probably i innu nced by the abundance of natural food and the characteri tics and range of the water in which it is found. A trout will not attain a very large size in a ~estricted environment no matter how much food it has. The average ize, as taken from time to time in any given body of water, is remarkably uniform. It is generally true, and particularly as regards waters of small extent, that the size of the fish decrea es in proportion to tIle numbers occupying a given body of water. The most favorable temperature for this fish is from 450 to 65 0 F. Under favorable con- ditions a brook trout at the age of one year is from four to five inches, at two years from seven to eight, at three years from ten to twelve, and at four years from fourteen to sixteen inches. At three years the average weight should he ahout one pound. Because of the flavor and fine quality of. its flesh the brook trout is highly esteemed as a -table delicacy, and, as it is very game, it is much sought after by sportsmen. ,Those from clear, swift streams do not grow as large as those found in quiet and deeper waters but are superior in quality and appearance. The brook trout has a voracious appetite. In the wild state the species is no doubt largely carnivorous, its food con isting chiefly of Crustacea, Mollu ca. and various form of insect and worms. When hungry, it does not hesitate to devour its own kind. All treams can not be successfully tocked with this pecies. The flow must not .be too sluggish nor the temperature of the water too high, al- (Continued on Next Page) N4TIVE BROOK TROUT (Continued from Preceding Poge) though an unfavorable temperature. if not excessively high, is no eriou" ob tade where the current is swift enough to in ure thorough aeration of the \ ater or where the fish can run into spring-fed creeks flowing into the main tream. Any tream having a summer temperature greater than 65 F. can hardly be considered suitable for brook trout unl s it ha large spring tributarie acce ible to the fish during the heated period. As the spawning time approaches the fish seek suitable gravel bed for the deposition of their eggs. Those inhabiting lakes and ponds Illay find suitable nesting spots in those waters, or they may enter tributary treams, ometimes pushing long distances up to their headwater. A favored nesting locality in a stream i at the head or foot of a large pool, where the water ripples gently over gravel bars. The males usually precede the femal s, and they frequently have the beds well cleaned before the laLter appear. The ne ts are formed by working out little deprcssions in the' gravel and scrupulou I clearing them of all sed iill en L. ]11 lakes or pond uch nest are made on gravelly shoal or bar wher seeping water is present, either in the form of priogs entering the ponds or lake or water s eping from the pond through a porous section of it boLtom. The fish usually pair on the nests, the males fighting vic- iously for the possession of the females. A few eggs are deposited at a time by a female and fertilized by the milt which the male simultaneously deposits. This process of spawning and impregnation by a pair of fish is repeated many times until til all the eggs have been de- posited, and through the constant working of the fish on the beds the eggs become bur- ied in the gravel. After a spawning bed is once occupied it is hard to drive the fish away, the female, especially, returning to it despite all hindrances. Brook trout eaas will average about one-sixth of an inch in diameter. but there i a great variation in the' size of eggs taken from fish of different .I.. Filling the nest with grovel ofter spawning. This is done to protect the eggs against predators and silting. localities. The time necessary for developing the egg i dependent on the Lempcrature of the \ ilter, varying from abouL 125 days in waLer at 37 0 F. Lo about 50 day in water at 50 0 F. The colder waLer, howcver, produces thc hcalthier fry. This fish is being artificially pro] agated exLen ively by the Fish and Wildlife ervice and considerable restocking has been done in the moun- Lain sections of north Georgia, wherever suitable waters are found. The Georgia Division of Wildlife a sists the Service in this distribution. The Service maintains a rearing station in the Chattahoochee ational Forest, and the State Division maintains a hatchery at Summerville. This stocking program carried on cooperatively ha been eminently successful in Georgia. A a result good brook trout fishing is found throughout the Forest. FLY-FISKING By Svede Sven Olaf Svenson bon gude guy Who like lu fisk viI rod and fly. He fisk in all dese Iiddle cricks Yil bolloms hard as paving bricks And slippery like a blooming eel; Sven Olaf knows yusl how il feel Yen off a rock his fool shol glance And he sil down and hurl his pants. He also like 10 skull a boal Or maybe he yusl leI il floal Close 10 do bank of liddle lake Yusl so Sven Olaf he can make Plonly of casls up 10 do veeds Yere greal big bass he lays and feeds; Sven Olaf casls and bye and bye Do bass shol yump 10 gel do fly. Yen dis har bass do bail har look A yen tie yerk skol sel do hook, Do fisk skol finds he ain'l ban vise, To grab at vun of Svenson's flies. He den skol yump and svim and fight And yerk do line vit all his mighl; Sune he skol losing all his spunk Because he can't break do Cullyhunk. Sven Olaf den skol pull him in And on Olaf's face he vere a grin, "Yell, Holy yee!" Ye hear him shout "He vay sox pounds or derealiout, Ay tank dot he ban gude and fat, He ban fine fisk, Ay tal yu dol." Den Sven skol brecik do fishes back And put him in a gunny sack. Do fiskerman skol fisk some more Yay up and down do veedy shore, And all dis time he sit and link And maybe lake a liddle drink; He flip his rod lill night skol fall , Den Svenson say, "Ay tank daIs all, Ay yusl har calching only vun, Bul Yudas, dol was loIs of fun. Ay spose dol Ay could calch much more If Ay gal up real close tu shore And fisk vis live shrimp in do veeds Bul dot ain'l done by sparling Svedes, Ay ban yusl vun of dem dere guys Do like lu calch dere flsk viI flies, Ay tank dol ban much beller sporl." Den Sven skol lake an udder snarl. From SOUTH BEND BAIT COMPANY Sent in by TOM WADE, Columbus. Ga. 12 OUTDOOR GEORGIA July 1942 Use 'Of Volunteers To Fight Forest Fires Asked E tablishment of a volunteer fore t fire-fighter' service ha been announced by James I. Landi, director of the Office of Civilian Defen e, who aid diversion of men to the armed forces and war industries has created a hortaae in regular firefighting per onnel. "The menace of forest fires this year is the greatest the country has ever faced," he declared. 'Fore.t fire could cause a much damag and could hamper the war effort just a eriouslya direct enemy bombs. The could di rupt transportation and communication facilities, impede \\ ar industry by de tro ing the res urce 0 imperativel needed. and damage power lines and aquedueL:' The volunteer for the fire-fiahtin a job \\ ill be rganized through tate and local defen e council and \\ ill be enrolled in the l' aular civilian defen e manner. They will be furni hed "ith arm' band. cards, and automobile plate for purpo es of identifi ation. Donald M. elson, chairman of WPB, commended the idea of the Forest Fire Fighters Service and declared its members would he performing a valuahle national defense duty by protcting critical war materials. He termed the fore ts and timber national re ource, the protection of which is essential to the war effort. The Navy and War Departments added their. endor emenls. Participating in the OCD-supervi ed program \ ill be the . Fore t ervice. the Indian ervice. the ationaI Park ervice, the' Grazing ervice, the General Land Office, the Fi h and Wild Life ervice. state fore try departments and oth'er groups which will help train the volunteers. THE CROW (Continued Irom Page 4) there's nothing much good can be said of them, say Mr. Caldwell. This is confirmed in a letter Director Cravey received recentl from J. F. Atkin on of Waverly, who wrote that he had seen crows destroying Mr. Knott serves as "comeon" man by drumming up a drove 01 crows with his decoy colt. little Toughie, smart cocker spaniel in Iront 01 the hunter's lelt loot, retrieves the birds. mar h hen and quail ne t , and even wild turkey nest. Mr. tkin on suggests that the Wildlife Division offer a bounty for crow, But the Director want Mr. Knott and Mr. Caldwell to teach every Ranger in the state exactly how to give the "distress' and the "fightina" crow alls, Then Ranger can teach farmers. boy and hunter and soon crow quadrons. perhaps a effective as the Atlanta outfit. can be "aging total war on the rascal . Fire H~nters Caught: Ranger Eugene Futch. of Richmond Hill. and thr patrolmen from Henry Ford plantation down that wa,:, 'are due a bia hand from portsme~. After a middle,of-the-night cha e they captured four firehunters. 0 called becau e they blind deers with Po\ erful light at night and hoot them down a they stand frozen in their track, Fire hunter are among the mo t de picable of all offender. The four have been placed under bond and will appear for trial in Liberty county Oil' July 15. BOO~RBVIBW *** COWBOY-FI HERMA HU TER lIy L. C. ~IER FELDER. Rro~ n- ~hite.Lowell Press. 82.50. "Cowboy-Fi herman-Hunter" written by L. C. Mer felder, i jam packed with some plendid hunting, fishing, and be f-herding yarn. With an abundance of factual rna terial, gathered firt hand, the author has ucreeded in ,riling a most slimulaling and enjoyable book. In this his fir t publicalion, 1r. Mers- felder has hown he possesse a rare qualily \\ hich enables him to write reali tically and enlertainingly. In pictllre-que and caplivaling fa hion, th author expounds his early life on a farm and hi later experiences a a'yIHlIl" man and a cowboy. His life as a ranch hand is amusin~, exciting entertainm nl. 'CowboyFisherman-Hunler' i. divided inlo four ctions dealing "ilh ranching, fi hing, hunt in", and varied crap of in- {ormation on the ull1\' esl. . Although \Hillen about territory foreign to most Georgian, "(.F-II" contains such a wealth of vivid topographical descriplion. lhal reading it seems to gi\e (lne a "ork- ing knowl dge f south\\e tern terrain. One group of tories on fishing is par ticularly enjoyable. ince fishing i 0 uni ver al a port it will inlere,,1 tho II 'and of porlsmen, but it' likely that if you aren't already a follower of uld Isaak X alton Ihis arlicle "ill convert you. The hunting slorie are.o real you can fairly hear the rifle crack and mell the powder moke, One ection of Ihe book is devoted 10 a very excellent ummary of Ihe be t hunling and fishing spot in Ihe entire oulh\ e t; omething many of u can u e when azi m is a thing of the pa t and we again have the gas, lire, and vacations so nece ary for fishing and hunting trip,. The wriler include in hi book a chapter entitled "How ot to Do and Where Not 10 Be" in \\ hich he recites in very brief form the mishaps of hi long career a a. port,,man Ihal \\e may profit by them. A good book by a r gular fello\\', "CO\\ boy-Fisherman-H unler" i one no real friend of God' great out-of-door \,ill want 10 miss il.f It" a job well done and will fit in nicely on your library .helL PETER K 'UDSE WOODJA BELIE E IT! oft- hell rab is simpl a hardhelled crab that ha not yet formed its new coat of armor. The hardshelled crab di cards it armor becau e it desire to expand, havin!! filled it pre ent hell. It is one of the few thing that wears its skeleton on the out ide, The crab aain about one-third in volume in each shedding. o TDOOR GEORGIA July 1942 13 R 5,000 See Ueramic Exhibit In Atlanta Assurance that ceramics is rapidly winning many new friends is found in the estimate that more than 5,000 people visited the First Georgia Clay Products Show held recently in Atlanta at Sears. The Division of Mines, Mining and Geology of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources was one of the sponsors of the exhibit. Colorful pottery pieces made by students of Atlanta schools formed a major part of the displays. Dinnerw.are, Boor and wall tile, brick, roofing, hollow tile and other ceramic products in Georgia em phasized the great importance of this state's great nat ural resources. A kodachrome moving picture was made of the exhibit and will be available for showings in a few months to schools, clubs and business organizations. Manifestation of such great interest by spectators has been encouraging to the sponsors who hope to repeat the exhibit again next year. Pictures On this page show parts of the splendid show. r!~ I~~ * * * * * * RATED FIFTH LARGEST IN AMERIUA; r HISTORY OF POTTERY FASUINATI G T HE Iford Ceramic is rather a new word to most of us. Thlf root of thi word comes from the ancient San crit or Hindu, and was changed to ,"keramos" in Greek, and whose literal meaning wa "burned tuff." The French pelled this "ceramique, , and the Engli h implified it to Ceramic. Thi art and industry was at first principally as ociated with the making of brick, tiles and pottery object. However, today it embrace a far larger cope, including such p'roducts a : gla s. firebrick, pottery, porcelain . enameled metal. abra ive cements, electrical and thermal in ulator . The Ceramic industry is America's fifth largest (over 5,000 ceramic plants), and ranks close behind Steel in importance. The Ceramic industry includes in its scope the mining and manufacture of all minerals except metal ores, oil and coal. The making of clay-products is one of the olde t of the industries and arts, and has been carried on by many nations in an' unbroken line since the dawn of history. In fact, the earliest records by man were made upon clay tablets, brick or tiles. From these ceramic relics, historians have even been able to determine the cu toms and progress of ancient civilizations. Undoubtedly the first clay product were either building brick or vessels for storage, eating or cooking purposes. Today these ,are still among the most important objects made from clay, which is a tribute to the fitness of ceramic products for such uses-especially in view of the keen competition of modern substitute materials. At fir t these objects were merely dried in the sun, but soon afterwards i~ was di covered that the action of fire and heat rendered clay much harder more durable and thus more u eful. The Egyptians used bunted brick and pollery as early as 4,000 B. c., in spite. of an abundance of stone. An inscription-tablet in one of the pyramids built with brick states how these brick were made from mud raked up from a lake bpllom, shaped by hand, and hardened by fire; and how ordinary stone was regarded with disdain in comparison with these man-made brick. The "Poller's Wheel" was used by the Egyptians, in much the same form as it is still used by roadside pollers of today. The Babylonians and Assyrians rapidly advanced the art of brickmaking, since they were limited for building materials. They began llsing burned brick and tiles as early as 600 B. C. The Persians also developed 'glazes," which are es entially combinations of andy and alkaline materials that will melt to form a gla coating on clay product at high heats (1600-30000 Fahrenheit). The Greeks and Romans followed up these ceramic achievement by spreading the knowledge of firing clay product to all corners of their empires, even to Britain, pain and the Balkans. The Greeks used some brick and originated a classic shape and style of pottery and decoration made famou to many students by the poem: 'Ode to a Grecian rn." The Romans leaned more to the practical type of c~ramic product, such a brick for b,uilding structures: aqueducts ewer, baths, ovens, etc, The word pottery i from the Latin for ve el, and carrie that meaning to da . The Chinese advanced ceramics in the form of exquisite white porcelains and dinnerware, which has since borne the nanlC "china" as a consequence. Their Golden Age of Ceramics extended from just (Continued on Page 18) ) fgyptians ore credited with the first use of the "po"ers wheel" and it has been handed down through the ages to the present day, A Girls' High student shows one of the operati~ns with the wheel. OUTDOOR GEORGIA July 1942 Conservation Please (1) The sap of one of these wild plants may prove to be a good future source of rubber a. Wood Sorrel c. Milkwee, b. Pokeweed d. Sow Thistle (2) How many of the following birds are protected from shooters the year round in Georgia? a. Wild Turkey b. Golden Eagle c. Red-toiled Hawk d. Bold Eagle e. Wilson's Snipe f. Meadow-lark (3) The present war may be detri- mental to the duck population. along the coast because a. The sound of the big guns disturbs the breeding ducks. b. Ducks may have to be utilized mor~ and more for food. c. Oil from torpedoed tankers gums up their feathers. d. Ducks love to gobble the poison- ous lead from the shells. (4) The mountain-laurel and rhodo- dendron protect their blossoms from ants, which could not render' effective pollination, by a. A very rough bark. b. An absence of nectar. c. A series of. barbs that point down the stem. d.Housing on insect in the bark which devours the ants. e. Exuding a sticky secretion which stops the ants. (5} How many of these birds have been known to nest on the ground? a. Whip.poor.will. b. Killdeer. d. Wood-cock. c. Osprey. e. Wood pewee. (6) A queen bee, which motes only once, normally remains fertile for as long as a. Three month.s c. Four years. b. One year. d. Eight months. (7) Plants called slime molds, almost pure mosses of protoplasm and commonly found on roHing logs, have the peculiar ability to a. Crawl from place to place. b. Absorb much water. c. Eat small insects which are trapped on their surface. d. Secrete an acid for protection. (8) The primitive ancestor of the modern horse was about the size of a. A shetland pony. b. A fox terrier. c. A large wolf. d. An elephant. (AJUwers on Page 19) 16 Information Wanted orne time ago an appeal was made in this column for information on fishing dogs. As a re ult Outdoor Georgia reader were given pictures and- a story on a splendid fishing dog and also information on two other fishing dogs in Georgia. Ranger Bob pear spotted the dog and arranged for the story and pictures. ow. comes a new and stranger request. This writer would like to locate somehody who has a trained fish. A magazine recently carried a story on a man in DIinois who has a trained bass. He feeds the bass out of his hand and on occasions, takes the fish out of water for a short time to show his friends. Who has a trained fish? And there is a dog that ha been trained to water the livestock-who is the owner? If you can help out with this informa- tion please addre s a note to J. L. teams, 422 tate Capitol, Atlanta. * * * Pointer de Luxe Ralph Buice, Superintendent vf the State Game Farm, heard this one near Hog Mountain in Forsyth County. A banker {rom the big city came over to Hog Mountain for a little quail hunting and hired one of the farmers as a guide. ext morning the banker and guide started out. The banker was astride his fine sad dIe horse and the guide rode an old jackass bareback. The hunter noticed the farmer had no dogs and called his attention to the fact. "We don't need no dogs,,' the farmer declared, "this mule is the best pointer in the outh." The banker all but demanded dogs but decided to humor the guide. After a short ride the mule ran into a field, stood still a moment and then sat down with his head extended. The farmer said, "Wen, git yore gun ready. Thar' birds here." And sure enough a covey came up. The mule repeated the performance several times to the amazement of the banker who finally decided he just mu town that remarkable mule. "I like that mule you hav what'll you take for him?" The farmer was in ulted. "Why I couldn't ell thi mule for no price. He's just like a member of the family." Several more coveys were found. The banker now in isted on a trade and finally it wa agreed to exchange the mule for the fine saddle borse plus 500. ext morning the proud new owner of the startling quail.pointing mule started out for a hunt. In going across a stream the banker's foot caught the mule in the side and it sat down in the stream and stuck its head forward. Quickly the irate banker looked up the farmer. " ay, fellow-what do' you think I am-a fool? I ve been windled. I want my hor e and 500 back. This jackas is a fake." He told the farmer about the mule pointing in the middle of the stream and assured the farmer there were no quail on top of the water. "Wal, I'll tell ye-" said the farmer, "I not only trained thi mule to point birds but he point fi h, too! ' ENJOY the thrills an OUTBOARD MOTOR - - - - offers - - - - Fish out-of-the-way places. ***** Motors sold, serviced and rented at ATLANTA OUTBOARD MARINE LOUIS TROTzmR 311 Spring St. Atlanta OUTDOOR GEORGIA July 1942 @ ~. l-Georgio's only state pork with sea coast frontage. Located near St. Mary's, this may one day be im- proved to provide boat racing, swimming and even a base for sea planes. It has rich potential possibilities. 2-This house in Darien is one of three that were left standing after Sherman left. What stories this building could tell-if it only could talk. 3-This rustic entrance leads the way to the Okefenokee State Park near Waycross. 4-Ranger Luke Chester, of Rober/stown, trapped this vicious wildcat in the Chattahoochee Na- tional Fares! The cot was mounted by Frank Wansley, of f/berton. 5-Wildlife Rangers a~d public spirited citizens boil with anger when they see this. Somebody poisoned a lake with lime near Midville. It killed hun- dreds of small fish and makes the lake useless for a long period of time so for as fish are concerned. This wildlife ranger shows some of the small bream, cat fish killed by the lime. 6-What's that old story about "daisies won't tell?" Your wildlife photographer couldn't get a word out of ths one. Mum's the word. 7-He is a great little engineer-this beaver. Perhaps he is looking over the situation in preparation to the construc- tion of a dam-perhapsl . georgia's r:Bee Industry (Continued Irom Poge 7) The stinger contains poison and i located on the bee, right where you would find the taillight on a model A. The bee, when angered, accelerates its buzz and siml)ly sits down. It has only to touch its stinger to release it and then -you're stung, although it cost the bee its life. It is nat ural to slap where you feel the stinger, which is exactly what should not be done. Just locate your sting-that isn't hard to do-and you will see the stinger. Quickly use your thumb to scrape it off. The sting then loses much of its power. To slap it jams the stinger down in your. body and you get max imum benefits of the poison. The queen has a stinger but won't sting you. The queen never rests. She does not even stop to eat-the workers feed her, keep her fresh and clean and provide all of her needs. It takes 21 days for the egg to hatch. Men gathering bees for shipment are protected by' silk masks and use pine straw to smoke the hives before disturbing them. Smoke quiets the bees. The Ty Ty, a large bush, is a splendid sour.ce of nectar used by bees to build up the colony. Other trees .used as a honey source include'the willow, maple, black gum, tupelo tree, and white holly. The gallberry bush also provides much nectar. The flat woods section is rated tops for Georgia honey production. Just above the flat woods section is said to be the best for package bees. Georgia's mountain section is especially well equipped for bee life with its many wild flowers, sour wood, bass an poplar trees. State bee inspectors annual. ly check thousands of hives. VACATION It seems to me I'd like to go Where the bells don't ring nor whistles blow, Nor the clocks don't strike nor gongs don't sound, And I'd have stillness all around. Not real stillness, but just the trees' Low whispering, or the hum of bees, Or brook's faint bubbling over stones, In strangely soft, tangled tones, Sometimes it seems to me , must lust quit the city's din and dust And get out where the sky is blue; And, soy, how does it seem to you? -Eugene Field. The state certifies healthy hives. It is estimated Georgia has more than 100,000 active hives. A swarm is Nature's way of creating a hew colony. A honey flow is when nectar is so plentiful the bees store it, rather than use it for build.up. It is not bee stings that beekeepers fear. It is the block widow spiders that seem to thrive near bee hives. Look close-there ;s a block widow spider in the hole 01 this hive, See? Scorpions also like bee hives and are Irequently killed by keepers, Ralph andifer of Ocilla, claims Georgia's most gentle bees. Visitors can walk among,hi hIves with little fear of that drdded sting. When a belligerent bee makes kno\ n his presence, Ralph immediately puts it out of busine s. With these days of sugar.rationing, honey has taken on new importance. It's swell on waffles or flapjacks. It is rumored that bee stings are wonderful for people who suffer with rheumatism-Oh yeah! THE JOY OF LIVING II nobody smiled, and nobody cheered, and nobody helped us olong- If each, every minute looked after himself, and the good things all went to the strong- If nobody cored, just a little for you, and nobody cored for me, And we all stood alane, in the bottle of life, what a dreary old world it would be. . Lile is sweet just because of the friends we have mode, and the things which in common we hare. We want. to live on, not because of our ,selves, but because 01 the people who care. It's giving and doing for somebody else-on that all life's,_ ~p/endor depends. And the joy of tltis world, when we've summed it all up, is found in the making 01 friends, -AUTHOR UNKNOWN. CERAMIC INDUSTRY (Continued Irom Page 15) before Christ thru the Middle Ages. Marco Polo was the first European to bring back any of this fine white dinnerware, which was a vast improvement over the cruder red-clay type of ware made in Europe, which was influenced by the Moorish ceramic technique spreading from Spain. This Chinese war stimulated the search for a white-burning clay ill Europe, and was found in Austria in the 17th Century, and later in France, Germany and England. These white clays are called, "kaolin," from the two Chinese words "kao" and "ling," meaning "high ridge," where' these white clays were found exposed in China. The various nations of Europe made contributions to the ceramic progress of the Renaissance Period, with such characteristic products as: ltaly and Spain: Terra COila, 1ajolica (dinnerware and Illes), France: Soft Porcelains and Faience (dinnerware and tiles)_ Holland: "Delft" ware (blue decorated dinnerware and tiles). Germany and Austria: Hard Porcelains, t stoneware) . England: Bone-China and Eart hen ware (dinnerware) . America has contributed greatly to the advancem&nt of the Ceramic industry by improving old products and developing entirely new ones from clays and other ceramic minerals. Among these are: STRUCTURAL CERAMIC PRODUCTS: Brick, 5.ewer pipe, tiles, conduit, hollow tile. REFRACTORIES: Firebrick, crucibles, furnace linings, arches and special shapes. POTTERY A D WHITEWARE: Dinnerware, stoneware, porcelain specialties, bathroom fixtures. GLASS PRODUCTS: Tableware, windows, container, optical glass, light bulbs. AMELED METALS: Kitchenware, reo frigerator linings, signs, plumbing fix~ tures. ABRASIVES: Grinding wheels and grinding compounds of many types. CEMENTS, LIMES AND PLASTERS: Portland cement, gypsum ~roducts, lime, etc., . I SULATIO PRODUCTS: Electrical insulators, rock and glass wool. 18 ____ OUTDOOR GEORGIA July 1942 -- The MAIL@JBOX Mr. J. 1. Stearns, Editor Outdoor Georgia 422 State Capitol Building Atlanta, Georgia June 2,1942 Dear Mr. Stearn : I have enjoyed reading "Outdoor Geor gia" very much and am enclosing $1.00 to cover subscription for 15 issues thereto. With kind regards, Yours very truly, G. W.LEYHE. GWL:lm "IT DOESN'T FAIL" I've often wondered why we hove A city weather man. I'm sure that I can do as good As any prophet can. My method may not be approved By laws of Rain and Hail, But through a span of many years I've never seen it fail. To those of you who doubt my word, Just take this priceless tip; If you desire a drenching rain, Just plan a fishing trip! - BERT PRUITT, lakewood. * Lhe * OGLETHORPE 3toteL BRUNSWICK On Coastal Georgia where all sports abounJ Your catch or your kill cooked to perfection for your dinner, with the Management's oompliments OWNER MANAGEMENT FISHING SEASONS AND REGUL4TIONS JULY Rock Creek lake and Drainage . Noontootly Creek Drainage Jones Creek Drainage Chattahoochee River and Spoilcane Creek Drainages Boggs Creek and Chestatee River Drainages Moccasin Creek Drainage Wildcat Creek Drainage Jacks River Drainage (except Rough Creek) Conasauga River and Rough Creek July 4, 5, 11, 12, lB, 19,25,26 July 9, 16, 23, 30 July 2 Blue Ridge .__ Blue Ridge Blue Ridge Chattahoochee July 2, 9, 16,23,30___________ Chestatee July 4, 5, 11, 12, 18, 19,25,26 ChattahoocheeChestatee July 1,8, 15, 22, 29 lake Burton July 4, 5, 11, 12, lB, 25,26 lake Burton July 4, 5, 11, 12, 18, 19 Cohutta July 25, 26 Cohutta AUGUST Rock Creek and Drainage Noontootly Creek Drainage Chattahoochee River and Spoilcane Creek Drainage . . Dicks and Waters Creek Drainages Moccasin Creek Drainage Wildcat Creek Drainage Jacks River Drainage (except Rough Creek) Conasauga River and Rough Creek August 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, 16, 22, 23, 29, 30 . August 6, 13,20, 27 Blue Ridge Blue Ridge ._August 6, 13, 20, 27 Chattahoochee Chestatee August 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, 16, Chattahoochee22, 23, 29, 30 ,____ Chestatee August 5, 12, 19,26 lake Burton August 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, 16, 22, 23, 29, 30 lake Burton August B, 9, 15, 16, 22, 23 Cohutta August 1,2,29, 30 Cohutta SIZE LIMIT: The minimum size limit for all trout is 7 inches. CREel LIMIT: The maximum catch in any day and the maximum number in possession for one person shall not exceed 10 fish of anyone or all species. FEES AND MANNER OF FISHING: Fishing permits shall be $1.00 per person per day or $10.00 for season permit. Permits shall be valid on any stream or lake during the regulated season for such water. Permits shall not be valid unless accompanied by a regular State Fishing license. Children under sixteen years of age shall be allowed to fish without permit. Fish shall be taken only with rod and line. Any type of bait or lure, except Baltimore minnows or goldfish, may be used. Each permittee shall have in use at anyone time an the area not more than one rod and line. PERMITS NECESSARY BEFORE FISHING: Fishermen are required to obtain fishing permits before they begin fishing. Permits can be obtained from the Wildlife Rangers on the areas or they can be obtained from the following addresses: Division of Wildlife, State Capitol, Atlanta, Ga. Forest Supervisor, U. S. Forest Service, Gainesville, Ga. District Forest Ranger, U_ S_ Forest Service, Blue Ridge, Ga. District Forest Ranger, U. S. Forest Service, Suches, Ga. District Forest Ranger, U. S. Forest Service, Clayton, Ga. Wildlife Rangers and patrolmen will be at various road entrances into the areas and permits may be obtained from them. However, to avoid delay in getting started, fishermen should obtain permits as for in advance as possible. Persons found fishing without permits will be liable for legal action. FISHING TIME: Fishing shaH be permitted only between the hours of sunup and 7:00 P.M. of the same day, eastern war time. CREel CENSUS: Each permittee will be furnished a franked Government postal card, addressed to the Forest Ranger, on the back of which is a form for recorded pertinent information in regard to his catch. Each permittee will be ~equested to fill out the card and leave it with Rangers or patrolmen or mail it (no postage required). The information obtained from these cards, if accurately recorded, will be of value in formulating future policies. Answers Conservation Please (Continued from Page J6) (l) c. (2) d, e. (3) c. (4) e. (5) a, b, c, d. (6) c. (7) a. (8) b. SMALL MOUTH BASS LARGE MOUTH BASS BLUE GILL BREAM SHELL-CRACKER BREAM Live delivery guaranteed. Write for prices and information. JAS. H. REEVE, Calhoun, Ga. o TDOOR GEORGIA Ildy 1942 19 * COVER PAGES * "We ain't got much money but gosh don't we have fun." Here are twa gaod reasons why dads should take their sons along on fishing trips. These liHle fellows are completely happy on this pond at Watkinsville as they watch their corks, hoping a big one will get on the hook. It is a sure bet when youngsters are out fishing, they have no dreams of mischief. This back page photo shows one of the roads cut through the wilderness near St. Mary's. The hanging moss from giant trees offers a restful haven from the din and thunder of activity in the cities. A short distance from this site can be found the Sonta Maria Spanish Mission ruins. !in CChis !issue Sportsmen Praise Wildlife Movies Commissioner Zock Crovey Magic Mica . . Joe Sfeorns War Conditions Emphasize Great Importance of Wildlife Jomes Silver State Markers . Page 2 3 . 4-5 6 Forest Saboteurs 7 Walfer Dyol Lives of Our Forefathers Depended on Wildlife A. D. McKellar . . 10-11 Historical Santa Maria Mission Ruins. . 12 Beverly Burch You Tell 'Em Joe Steorns . . 13 Conservation Please 13 Popular Question 14 E. Ross Allen Two Georgia Wildcats Given 81 st Division . 15 Keep Our Soldiers Happy 18 Fishing Seasons and Regulations. 19 Sportsmen Praise Wildlife Movies Georgia's Division of Wildlife has been the target for much criticism. We all realize how impossible it is to please everybody. In fact some people do not wish to be pleased, no matter what is done. In order to give taxpayers a chance to see some of the constructive work accomplished by the Division of Wildlife, a 35 mm. moving picture on Georgia Bob White has been made and released to the theatres throughout the state. This picture serves its purpose be"er than any amount of oratory. Seeing is believing and this quail picture which won so much praise during the week of July 10th, at the Roxy Theatre in Atlanta, shows what is being done to permit Georgia to hold on to its fame as a bird-hunting state. In addition to showing the people exactly what is being done at the State Game Farm, the picture brings out simple, instructive points in the successful and approved method of quail propagation. The stimulating educational advantages will help thousands of sportsmen interested in quail life. It has been my contention for years that the progress of true conservation is purely and simply a matter of education. This picture then is another step in the right direction. It will be shown in hundreds of Georgia theatres. Thousands of Georgians will see and understand just what the Division of Wildlife is doing every day to keep the Bob White a favorite game bird. Dozens of le"ers have come in from citizens praising the picture and new interest has been aroused among sportsmen. The Game Farm reports an unusually large attendance. This is but a part of the effectiveness of visual education. Even those who from selfish interests have been severe critics of the Division of Wildlife have been silent, proof of agreement that we are making progress. The quail picture will be followed by several others. We hope to secure a picture on stream pollution and inform the public exactly of the problems we face and what the state needs to eliminate this great evil. later we expect to have pictures showing various types of game law violations; a picture depicting Georgia's mineral possibilities and what is being done to provide our minerals for National Defense; and perhaps a picture showing predators featuring the destructive crow. I would like suggestions from the public. Particularly do I ask those who have seen the quail picture to write me their impressions. AUGUST, 1942 OUTID>OOlRi GIE,OlRiGllA Volume XI, No,. II ZACK D. CRAVEY, Editor JOE l. STEARNS, Managing Edifor PAT COOPER, Associate Edifor BEVERlY BURCH, Feature Edifor Published monthly by The Georgia Department of Natural Resources. 422 State Capitol. Atlanta. Ga. in the interest of Georgia wildlife and for fishermen. hunters, nature lovers and conservation of natural resources. Yearly subscriptions to United States and its posses- sions, and Cana~a. 75 cents; other countries. $1.50. Subscr!bers m u,st notify us of chang!' of ad~ress four w.ee~s in a~vance of. ne~t pub- lication date. givmg both old and new address. Contents of thIS magazme must not be reprmted WIthout permISSIon, ThIs magazme IS glad to receive photos. drawings. 8tories and articles dealing with outdoor subjects. but cannot guarantee return of un80licited contributions nor in8ure again8t their loss, Contributions not accompanied by sufficient postage will not be returned. Entered as 2nd class matter August 31, 1940. at the post office at Atlanta, under the Act of March 3. 1879. "ILL'A.' PT. to ATLANTA MINERAL WITH THOUSANDS OF USES; GEORGIA MINES KEEP BOMBERS FLYING Leonoro Ginn shows some of the best grade mica ready far market. This ha. been sheeted and trimmed. This type mica will bring more than $6.00 a pound. MICA is a magic word now that the War Production Board has asked for increa ed production of thl follow the mica vein wherever it may lead and as a result the Vaughn mine has been dug and blasted into a z-like ,ital and trategic mineral. ]f Georgia and North Caro- pit 100 feet deep into the bosom of the earth. The pur uit lina stopped producing mica, it is likel that Uncle am \\ ould be unable to get his bomber in the air since it is e timated each bomber u es approximately 200 pounds. is relentless. Men tripped to the wai t' tand behind Po\ erful air-compression drills, gouging holes into stubborn earth. Dynamite i in erted into the hole. and there i a bla t. Thus, down and down they go, alway examining alure seems 10 have scallered mica pro- in hopes new books of sheet mica will appear. One large fusely about the earth. It is one book of heet mica could bring more of the mo t common minerals, than 100 and unle the riaht amount but only a few place have of explo i e i u ed, thi book might been bles ed with mica of such suffer a fracture and be rendered quality and quantity as to make it valuable and useful in indus- worthless. It i tediou. hard work but it pay dividend fo~ the careful try. Georgia mica not only operator. ranks along with the very best but our state lands at the top of the production list when all of its mines are operating. Cranes lift large metal tubs one after the other to the surface where trained workers examine the contents, saving the Around Barnesville and Thomaston, mica. Hundreds of pounds are production of heel mica is an exten- extracted daily and sent to a sive and profitable btIsine . Since large room where highly train- February operator report more than ed workers grade and sheet the 75,000 pound of sheet mica have mineral. Mica comes in what been taken from the Early Vaughn is known as books. A book the mine near Barnes iIIe. At the Vaughn thickness of your finger can mine there is a day and night shift workin a, drilling, dynamiting. haul- ing, con tantly searching and cratch- ing for the precious mineral. Miners Lillian Garis ad':'ires a sock of sheet mica thot only a few hours ago was more' than 100 feet below the earth's surface. be sheeted into dozen of pages. Skilled workers sit hour after hour peeling off (Continued on Page 17) Here is the early Vaughn Mine near Barnesville which has yielded mare than 75,000 pounds since February and keeps a night and day shift busy extraeling more mica. Dr. Fureron, Stole Geologist, has jus" inspected this mica mine near Thomaston. A small car brings the mineral to the surface on the tracks shown in the pielure. (All picrures by Jae Stearns.) War Uonditions Emphasize Greatlmpor 8if!~g~ H"/tional Director L'. S. Fi~h and Wildlife ervil'e cOlllmercial fish. and other meat t furni h an arm) of 1.000.000 men for more than one ) ear. It is important thal lhi A C RDI:'\ L principle in present II ildlife thinking is the treat- Illent of 'rildlife and fish as a crop. the _urplu of which shou~d be ha~ "ested for publi use. WhIle Am~n makes a total of 135,000,000 pounds of meat in game animals and birds, to which can be added the game fish taken large amount of meat is the surplus and can be made availahle annually without damage to the re ource. In all states to to can people d not depend upon III~d to replace meat needed in our now, game departments regu- lif for food as our forefath rs dId, war effort. late the annual take of fish it is _urprising to learn. the to.tal amount of meat that is stIll su pphed through the harvesting of game birds and animals, and game fish. There are morc than 12,000,000 sport fishermcn in the nited tates. It is conservatively e timated that each of thesc will catch on the aver- and game so that the surpll. ca~l be harve led wilhout re- ducing the breeding stock. In There are more than 900,- ay~aaer.moInrc than fact, 25 pounds of fish per information available sonle states, urpluses are not fully utilized and it has been 000 big game animals, includ- hows that the average catch i a~ove found that failure to remove ing deer, elk, moose, and antelope killed in the United States each year, which at an average of only 90 pounds each, dressed, represent about 30 pounds in man tate. However. on the basis of an average of only 25 pound of sport fish annually {or each fisherman, there is supplied in thi countr each ear 300,000,000 pounds of' game fish. All together actual urpluses may be as harmful as over-harvesting. The Fish ~nd Wildlife ervice doe not advo ale letting down the bar to permit more killing of game to 81,000,000 pounds of meat. this add up to 435.009,000 pounds make a upply of meat immediately It is e timated that during the of food available from the annual available during the war peri d. Wf; last year 15,000,000 waterfowl, 20,000,000 rabbit, 15,000,000 upland game birds, harve t of game animals, gam bird, 'aQnudar~aearmmea fishe. ter Corp cording of the to the nited tates Army, the meat allowanGe per hould prote t the breeding stock and harve t only th urplu. De pite this rea onable princi pie, officials entru t.ed , ith the welfare of the nation's and more than 4,000,000 other mall game were killed, which, averaging only one pound each dressed, would soldier each day i 18 ounces, but the full quantity i n t always supplied. Using thi generou ration of Illeat a a unit. the 435,000000 pound of wild game and game fish wildlife are urged by certain groups a a war mea ure to permit a raid on our game 0 a to furnish an unusual and immediate uppl of food and to economizc on the expenditures .. supply an additional 54,000,- u ed in Anierican homes would re- nece ary to protect and maintain 000 pounds of food. This place enough beef, pork, poultry, our wildlife re ource . To the unin- formed, some of these proposals may So beautiful, it seems almost a shame to hunt it. This is the mourning dove on nest. Dove hunting ;s a populor sport in Georgia. be ver plausibl; and to the game hog and the man who want to profit ... financially on our aame the argu- ment that we di card Illan of the itration of the principle that wise use is better than unconditional preservation. nless the larger .. game animals arc kept in balance with the available food supply nature will reduce them through slow starvation, disease and death by predators. The Bobwhite quaH (Colinus virglDtanus virginianus) is rated as an excellent game hird. Becanse of its non-mobile nature, often living out its life within a radius of one-half mile, the bobwhite is well adapted to small landholdings such as farms. Pr:ovided with the needed cover afforded by brushy fence rows, hedges and contour grain strips, the bobwhite enjoys the variety of foods found in Where possible, den Irees such as Ihis one, should be 'ell slanding. This Iype Iree is uselul 10 squirrels and woods mammals. Nole hickory nul shells in hollow at bose 01 Iree. (Soil Conservation Service Photo.) agricultural areas. Native wild foods are preferred over the cultivated crops but the latter offers winter sustenance in many instances. Bv A. D. McKELLAR 'University of Geor~ia George Foster Peabody Scho()1 of forestry Wild legumes, particularly lespedeza striata, . .... is often an index to the quail population. Oth- er favored foods are ragweed, pine seed, acorns of wiJIow oak and other oaks, and, T HE southeastern states possess a rich heritage of wild "ame; game which fed our forefathers and provided food, furs and sport to us today. It is not difficult to be- lieve that many of the early colonists would have per ished if wild species had been less plentiful. This is rea- son enough for us to concern our elves with the security of our wildlife-that it may not perish at our hands. quAaiml, odno~"'eouar ncdhodiuccekgs.amAelsospethcieerse are are wild truke)', neer, squirrels, rabbits, opossums and raccoons. The fisherman, of cour>ie, has his black bass and trout. when made available, peanuts. The .Ea3tern Whitetailed deer (Odocoileus americanus I \ ith related forms, i a larg game animal which still is cOlllmon in our woodlands. ctually the cutting of the forest and a limited increa e in agriculture benefited the deer which increa ed il1 number. Brush land where berries and fruits are abundant is ideal for these animals, however, 1.00 much farm land, a too much of an thing, is not desirable. Where the proper environment and reasonable protection is provided the Whitetail will thrive. The bobl hite is limited by unknown factors to an ap- The wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo sil- proximate maximum density of one bird per acre. 0 vestris) is distinctly North American. When management has succeeded in sustaining a denser. pop- the Spanish conquerors of Mexico discovered ulation. these savory birds in this new land, they sent The Eastern Mourning Dove (Zenaidura macroura) them (1530) back to Spain from whence they. because of its ea onal movement, is classed as a migra- later were transplanted to France and Eng- tory bird. Hunting i regulated by federal law. Protec- land. The turkey inhabits the deep woods and tion of the dove should be given careful attention silice borders of swamplands. Stories relate that it is a relatively slow breeder. It is the only Am rican large bands of them were seen to migrate hy game bird which reO"ularly breed more than once a year, foot for long distances seeking areas of heavy however, o'nly one or two egg are laid at cach meeting mast (acorns and like fruits) production. a compared to the bobwhite, for instance, which aver- Originally they ranged over 'the eastern age ahout 14 eggs. The popular conception that other . United States from Kansas and Texas to game hird breed everal tim s a year i ba ed on ob- Pennsvlvania and Florida. Because of the de- >iervation of re-nesting. whi h occur only when the first 8tructton of much of the forest this beautiful nest is a failure. species is limited in its natnral range. Adult do es feed almost entirely on weed seeds, the There is some danger of over-production. A recent reo lease hy the U. . Department of Agriculture warn that in some ections deer and elk are threatening damage to most important single item being bull grass. Doves are attracted in large numbers to corn grain and pea fields where these crops and weed s ed provide xcellent food. forest reproduction and consequently their own destruc- To those of us who know the coastal tion through starvation. It was estimated that the annual marshes nothing is quite so welcome as the '10 o TDOOR GEORGIA AU/l:u.OOJR{ ClEOJR{GllA Volume XI, No. III ZACK D. CRAVEY, Editor JOE l. STEARNS, Managing Editar PAT COOPER, Associate Editor BEVERLY BURCH, Feature Editor Published monthly by The Georgia Department of Natural Resources. 422 State Capitol. AUanta. Ga .. in the interest of Georgia wildlife and for fishermen. hunters, nature lovers and conservation of natural resourees. Yearly subscriptions to United States and its p0sses- sions. and Canada. 75 cents; other countries. S1.50. Subscribers must notify us of change of address four weeks in advance of next pub- lication date. giving both old and new address. Contents of this magazine must not be reprinted without permission. This magazine is glad to receive photos. drawings. stories and articles deaHng with outdoor subjects. but CAnnot guarantee return of unsolicited contributions nor insure against their loss. Contributions not accompanied by sufficient postage will not be returned, Entered as 2nd class matter August 31. 1940. at the post office at Atlanta, under the Aet of March 3. 1879. e.o WILLIAMS PTG ATLANTA ,.- J-Fronk Murray cuts through the water at high speed keeping perfect balance on his surf board. Fronk can hold his own with the best surf board riders in America. It must be fun - at least Fronk thinks so as he skids along over the beautiful lake at laura S. Walker State Pork near Waycross. 2-Visitors enjoy speedboat rides around the lake. Occasionally on ol1igotor may be seen along the bonks. The fishing is excellent. 3-(left to right) Doris lisenby, Dorothy Sasser, Katherine Wilson, Marcia McNeely and Totsie Wilson get out the surf board for a ride on the lake. And if they fol1 off-well-the water in laura Walker State Pork is splendid for swimming. 4-The youngsters find laura Walker a wonderful place for games and fun. They particularly like the pier where they watch fishermen pull in the big ones. 5-After a swim, the girls find that a picnic lunch is on item of great importance. G/Oe, but they are happy; wonder if the food has much to do with their hilarity? Trapper Andy Ray shows a trap ready to receive a bear. It is baited with honey. A trip is sprung by the bear ;u'st -as he reaches the honey. The trap is constructed on the pattern of a rabbit trap. OUR black bear is the undisputed champion of the \ ilderne in Georgia. 0 animal or group of animals within the state boundary line would be interested in combat or even an argument with our black bear: He is king of Georgia's \ ildlife. Our bears are found in the Okefenokee Swamp and in the stretching hills of North Georgia. The Swamp is the land of plenty for bears and as a result, they are larger there. One bear weighing over 600 pounds was killed in the Okefenokee Swamp by a Valdosta man severa] years ago and so far as we know, it was the largest ever taken in Georgia. Bears often pre nt a problem. Living comfortably and protected ii1 the swamp the bear population increa ed rapidly. People living near the swamp regi tered complaint after complaint about bears tealing their pig and cattle. omething had to be done. In the orth Georgia mountains the people had a different type of complaint. The)' were upset over the large population' ~f \ ild hog- destroying young wild turkey and turkey egg, grouse, and in general were a nui ance. In order that ature' \\ ildlife scale might balance. the tate arranged for the trapping of orne bear in the Okefenokee and tran ferred them to the mountain ection to reduce the hog population. The State secured the services of agent trapper Andy Ray, of the . Fish and Wildlife ervice, to do the bear trapping job in the swamp, a sisted by tatc Wildlife Rangers. The e men had to penetrate deep into the wamp to set their traps. They walked mile through marsh, soggy mud, knee deep water and often made as many as three trips a day to the traps to check results. he was released near Rock of the Chattahoochee National Forest. The traps were baited with honey. Three bears smashed their way out of traps and each time Agent Andy Ray rebuilt them stronger and better. Finally a 400 pound bear was locked safely in one of the traps. He spent several hours in the trap before the Rangers found him. He had eaten all of .the honey and expended a great amount of energy trying his brute strength against his pri on. In doing this, his body temperature went up and he suffered intensely from the lack of water. While the Rangers were getting several pails of water to pour over the trap to cool the occupant, the bear heaved a sigh and died, apparently from suffocation. Another bear, well over 350 pound, was caught, properly cooled and shipped to the mountains where he was released. Trappers can never relax their vigilance, never allow themselves to get careless nor underestimate the dangers of their duties. This writer accompanied them on an inspection trip of the trap and naturally asked a great many question. One trapper told me, "I hope we don't trap a cub. If we do, we will just have to shoot our way out. The mama bear will certainly tay near the cub and very likely charge u." It was easy to understand that the trapper wanted no contact with a bear on the loose. Each of the four trappers carried pi tol within ea reach and et. did not feel entirely ecure. Unles a bear is hit in a vital pot, he can take 15 bullets or more and still be extremely dangerou . The exi ting danger of innocently getting between the mother bear and the cubs would mean trouble and jeopardy of life. I told the trappers I had a couple of wonderful defense measures. At the sight of a hear hoth defenses would cause quicker action than a custom built, streamline hot foot. This dream of out-running a bear was blasted when the boys told me I would have to do better than 30 miles per hour-that is recognized top speed for a bear. Bryant Crews, a State Ranger who ha spent many years near the s\ amp and can find his, ay around in ju t about all of it, pointed to some tall gras that wa bent and ilia hed flat, "Here i where a bear attacked a 350 pound cow, killed it and dragged it off down thi trail for more than 300 yards. It would take three strong men to duplicate that," he explained. Under ordinar circum tances, a bear will flee from man. nder any kind of circumstance -man , ill flee from a bear. The Rangers chuckled as they told of a hunter \ ho stumbled into a pit where a bear was in hibernation. This hunter awaited no invitation to depart. In fact, he lays claim to a new speed record for leaving the Okf'fenoke~ wamp. He organized a party to re'-enter and recover his gun and hat. In this in tance, the swamp bear in hibernation sleeps lightly due to mild climatic condition. It would take only a very brief period for the bear to leave his sleep and nap right into furious action. Bears have a decided taste for eggs, pigs, and honey. He thinks nothing of going right into a bee hive and stuffing himself with honey. He is only mildly annoyed that a swarm of bees cover him. Only his eye and lips are vulnerable. Occasionally he will roll over to crush as many of the bees as possible and return immediately to his tasty feast of honey. One fellow living near the. swamps will assure you of the great power in a bear pa\. He wa hit on the right side of hi face by a bear paw-a inO'le blow. His ear drum was de tro ed. The entire right ide of his body wa paralyzed. And the man tayed in a hospital for more than ix week before he was sure he would live. Little wonder Georgia' Black Bear i King of our tate' \~ildlife. J -State Wildlife Rangers C. L. Harrell (left), J. J. Brawn and Bryant Crews (in rear), shaw one of the trails they must travel to reach deep into the great and mysterious Okefenokee Swamp. Two trips a day were necessary to inspect the bear traps. 2-Here is tell-tale evidence of the proximity of bears. These broken limbs provide detailed information to experienced trappers. 3-Ranger Bryant Crews (left) and Trapper Andy Ray inspect a trap that failed to hold the bear. The bear sunk his teeth in this thick board and simply tore it up. Okefenokee bears have amazing strength in their jaws and legs. 4-Rangers J. J. Brown (left) and C. L. Harrel stand by t/lh trap that ha/ds a 350 to' 400 paund bear. 08TH GEORGIA HAT~DERY .. cno and deeds, not dream nor idle talk are stepping f t tone to ucces ful conser ation. The sportsmen around Dalton wanted quail for Whitfield and surrounding counties. They did somethin-g about it. In record time an agreement was made with the State Division of Wildlife and a sub-station quail farm soon went into action at Varnell, a few mile from Dalton. The state supplied the original stock of birds and in cooperation with this splendid organization of sportsmen, agreed to station Delmar Dorsett, hatchery technician at the farm. Dorsett is paid by the State to take care of the Varnell quail farm and is doing a great job. Alfred Jones, of Dalton, i pre ident of the. orth Georgia Game and Fish Association, the organization that knew how to get thing done. The e orth Georgia portsmen work in close harmony with the Division of Wildlife with the happy re ult of atisfactory quail hunting each season. Hatchery manager Dorsett expects to release more than 2500 birds this season. He has 80 birds mated and has been collecting 350 eggs weekly. The Varnell hatchery has been in successful operation for three year. Ahout 800 young birds are on hand. The hatchery probably will be enlarged next year. Zack D. Cravey, Coml11i sioner of atural Resources, points with pride to the great work being done in cooperation with the orth Georaia Game and Fi h A sociation. Other sport men have the same opportunity. The state encourages such progres ive operation and is glad to lend a helping hand. r-General view al the quail larm at Varnell with state-emplayed Delmar Darsett inspecting some 01 the pens. 2-ln this brooder-house Technician Dorsett checks on some 01 his 800 young birds_ 3-Here ore 0 lew 01 the young birds on hand. In a lew weeks they will be lorge enough to toke care 01 themselves. 4-Mrs. Dorsett helps her husband in taking core 01 the quail. It ;s interesting work thot req u;res great patience. 5-De/mar has 80 birds paired off. This gentle bird is one 01 the pets at the North Georgia Game and Fish Association hatchery. r-Three cygnets paddle serenely about under the admiring glances of Mama Swan. 2-Boby crow with on adult appetite. This one anxiously awaits lunch. 3-Perhops the egg is infertile but this baby Brown Thrasher isn't much concerned. 4-Jomes Hudson, 01 Atlanta, has his arms loaded with baby green herons. This picture was token on South River near Macon Highway. All of these striking pictures token by Glenn W. Bell, of Atlanta. Scrub, Defective Trees Used To Make Profitable Charcoal By C. A. WHITTLE E.lu ... atiunal 'tana;!er Sial(' Fore... try Divb.iun T HE \\eird cry of "Charcoal! Charcoal!" heard on the street of avannah and other outh Georgia citie -a cry that emanate from a vendor 1I10unted on a wobbly.wheel cart, i about all one has been hearing of charcoal. The vendor is crying his ware to the washwomen and to opel" ators of barbecue pits. This old-time but excellent fuel ha been restricted to a limited market. But a nell day for charcoal eem to b dawning. Coal and coke are threaten d with a war-time carcity. ub titute for the e fuel i a r'- inu ne d and charcoal eem to b ant> an wer. In several countrie , they have even de i ed wa s of runnin;" automobile \\ ith charcoal. A a near-pure carbon, charcoal is high in heat unit, smokeless, and a splendid fuel. It is unequalled in produCing hard, highly carbonized teel such as is required in making machine tool, surgical and preci ion instruments of various kind . Coke ha never entirely replaced charcoal. Charcoal also has a di tinct place a a filtering agent. and i used in various chemical industries, laundrie and in refining proce se . Of cour e, it can be u ed in Iurnace and tove _ but ince it mu t be burned under draft. it will not do o well in an open grate. ~'hy the nell' intere t in charcoal? W. G. Wallace Farm Forester working at Butler, G orgia, on a cooperative project of the tate Division of Forestry and the oil Con ervation ervice, ha demon trated that a farmer, working part time, can make high grade charcoal from scrub-timber at a profit. From a fore tr tandpoint. charcoal offer an opportunity for forest improvement. It point to a way that \\ ill pay the farmer to remove scrub tree and plant more profitable tree in their tead. With thi incentive and the po ibility of an enlarged charcoal market. the outlook is enough to cause some excitement. Enlarged 'production of charcoal face ome difficultie but they are n.ot considered insurmountable. For in tance, charcoal can be made more satisfactorily with a simple kiln, such as wa u ed by the farmer, W. M. Gee, Jr., at Butler; but if sheet iron is not available, recourse could be had to the old method of stacking wood, covering it with earth, leaving draft openings an'd subjecting it to slow hurn. In a few hours the charcoal thu produced is ready for the market. Almost any farmer, it is claimed, can easily learn to burn charcoal. . For the charcoal demonstration at Butler, a kiln was made locally out of sheet iron. Commercial production is con idered mo t profitable when twelve kiln are operated as a unit but Mr. Wallace decided to try one kiln a a farmer-operated unit. From January 19 to July 1, the kiln received 59 charue . It took the equi alent of three man-da s of labor a I eek to cut, haul and tack the wood. fire and tend the kiln, and to bag and tore the char-eoal. The charcoal ielded a gros income of 353.49. With all expense deducted, Mr. Gee had a labor profit of 282_72 or liuhtl more than 2.00 per da for 139 da _ with only one kiln. HOI ever. Mr. Wallace sa s that at pre ent pri~e of charcoal' it would not pa to buy wood and pay 1.50 a da for labor to operate the kiln. He i planning to make cost tudies with a laruer number of kiln per production unit. His belief i that charcoal production doe hoid promi e of a method for utilizing scrub and d,efecLive trees. hould the war increase the demand for charcoal he said, so much the better for the farmer. This oielure shows the complete chorcoal operation. Under the earth mound the wood is burned slowly for a'bout three days. It is then extraeled and water sprayed aver the embers to cool them. The charcoal then is weighed and placed in bogs, ready for delivery to the marlcet. (U. S. Forestry Service Photo.) MaMlt ellen g~ (j~! Dove Hunting (;ut~ 10 Days Added On Docks Under U.S. Regulations G ~ORGIA' rank of hunters might he a triAe thinned thi ea on but no Ie s enthusiastic. True. man of our hunter are i:l uniform and II ill. for the duration. track down and bla t a cunnin o adver ary on which there is no closed sea on-the Japs. Ga oline and tire rationing. and the ab ence of many of our hunter who are in the Armed Service, probably will decrea e the n umber of hunter in our fields thi fall. Hunting license sales, however, were brisk during August and were expected to switch to a scramble ~s the curtain lifted September lst. Hunting, a necessity in the stone age for survival of the cave man, has lost none of its popularity in the march down through the years. Once bitten by the hunting 'bug, a sportsman never loses his love for his gun, dog and the great outdoors. Few changes were po ted in the hunting la\ s of la t ear except for the new Federal regulation on the migratory pecie. The dove eason wa shortened and will run from o cernber 1 through the 30th. The bag limit is 10 per day and only 10 are allowed In po essJOn. lew hooting hours and an additional 10 days on the sea on is good news for the duck hunters. You can hoot duck from sunri e to sunset ovember 2 to January 10. The bag limit remains 10 a day and 20 in po session. Remember, avoid shooting wood duck. You are allowed only one per season. Sometimes a hunter will accidentally shoot one wood duck and this regulation was made to prevent the destruction of such duck. The daily bag limit on Bufflehead and Redhead ducks is three in the aggregate and possession limit not over six. The coot season i Jovember 2 to January 10-ten more days than last season. The bag and pos ession limits remain unchanged at 25 each. Probably the mo t important game available for shoot ing in September is the mar h hen. With the first high tide in eptember, Georgia hunter will take to their boats and glide through the marsh lands on coastal Georgia seeking their bag limit o'f 25 marsh hens daily. Marsh hen hunting allla)s has been a tremendou Iy popular port for Georgian a well a hundreds of visitors from other states. If you haven't hunted mar h hen. you've been missing something. Before going marsh hen hunting this season. hunters mu t report to eoa t Guard stations. Hunters must carry full identification at all times and that of course. could be your hunting licen e. It would be wise 10 take along a photograph of yourself. On the back page of this magazine is a chart on the Georgia game la II s. ave this page for your futur reference. r -Charles Pasley, 01 Thomaston, bogged these two geese lost season on the Flint River in Upson County. Nice shooting Charles! 2-0n point! This scene provides one 01 the biggest thrills lor hunters. A good dog is a vital and necessary port 01 your hunting equipment. 3-Dueks on the pond! You will have ten extra days this season to try to get the makings 01 a swell dinner-um-roost duck! These are mallards. OUTDOOR GEORGIA S"pf"ml,er 1942 9 BY EDW. L. MILLER Conservation Please An Apple n Day Dr. J uliu Pierotti_ of Atlanta_ tells of the two mosquito that III t in a bugle and then II-ent out on a TOOT together. *** Crop Insurance Will hirley, of Calhoun. is po Itive that a farmer i a felloll II ith a en e of humus! *** A Little Learning Is (( Dangerous Thing Lew Cordell, of Milledgeville. likes thi one. ome p ople on an excur ion boat in the Mi issippi River were worried about 101\' water and the po ibilihof the boat str~king a tump and ink- ing. The annoyed the Captain of the boat with their fear. The Captain rea sured them, 'You good people ju t leave all the worrie to me. Why I kno\\ every stump and log in thi whole river." A fel\' minutes later the boat banged into a tump. The people \ ere slammed against the deck b) the im- pact. They glared a the old Captain lifted him elf from the deck. he dusted off his uniform he timidly re- marked. " ee there-what did I tell you - there's one of those tump rfow. " *** Fight Fanning! It ha been my policy for many years to di courage bright ( ?) young men from courting pipe dreams of succes in the prize ring. Often youngster in the amateur rank \ ill go to the ring for their fight in the ame manner as a man being led to the execution chamber. They hi er in fear from head to foot and often lose power of speech. Their reward. if they can II in a certain number of fight. is a cheap medal worth Ie s than a dollar. That. in more case than one. ha been the reward for a permanent physical injur or perhap for the los of an eye or everal teeth. Promoters of fights have been largely responsible for the slow-death of boxing. For years they have pumped young lads full of false ideas of their great physical strength, speed and natural as ets for ring conquests, when all the while they are considering only-the cut they will get. Max Baer. once play-boy heavyII eight champion of the world, is credited II ith thi tory. It wa making the round long before Max pulled on hi fir t glove. t any rate, Max \1 a fightilJU Joe Loui for the title. At the end of a round Max canie back to hi corner dazed. lip ut to ribbon and portino- a beautiful black eye. His handler ran a ponge of cool \ ater down hi spine to revive him and I hispered in hi ear, "Max, you-re doing well. Why that guy hasn't laid a glove on you. He didn't touch you_ Finish him off this round." Max listened to that dizz) chatter until the bell rang for the next round. He turned to his handler before leaving his tool and said_ "Listen-keep an eye on that referee- omebody is beating the devil out of me out there!" Fight fan do not like to ee young boys crippled and slapped into a punch drunk condition. but-if they insi t on beating each other half to death-they want to \\ atch it. Me too! KNOW YOUR GEORGIA! OUTDOOR GEORGIA keeps you informed on wildlife activities and natural resources in our state. You can get 15 exciting issues for $1.00. Send in your name today! 422 State Capitol, Atlanta, Ga. Name _ Address_ (1) Fish do not strike well any time of the day during full of the moon because a. They exercise by the added light at night and have to rest in the day time. b. The rays of a full moon inhibit feeding activities during the day time. c. They feed mostly at night. d. Moon attraction causes a rise and fall in the level of the water. (2) The Chattahoochee National Forest in North Georgia consists of close to a. 100,000 acres. b. 1,200,000 acres. c. 3,000,000 acres. d. 456,000 acres. (3) Stick bait, a favorite lure of old time trout fishermen, is a. A decomposed piece of wood highly esteemed by fish. b. A small stick dragged through the water to simulate a minnow. c. A beech limb stirred in the water to stimulate fish. d. A worm larva which builds a case of stic.ks. (4) The "walking fern" travels by a. Sending out reproductive runners. b. Throwing out seeds from bursting seed pods. c. Dropping leaves which sprout into new plants. (5) The highest waterfall in Georgia is a. Goslin Falls. b. Bridge Creek Falls. c. Amaruby Falls. d. Amicalola Falls. (6) the wall-eyed pike, or pike perch may be distinguished from the pickerel and the muskelunge since a. The wall-eyed pike has larger eyes. b. It has longer teeth. c. The wall eye has a spiny dorsal fin. (7) Fertilization of new ponds IS necessary because a. It causes water weeds to grow. b. It helps the growth of microscopic plants. c. It attracts ducks whose excreta cause plant growth. d. It makes fish lay faster. (An.sw~rs on Pall~ 18) 12 OUTDOOR GEORGIA Sp."tember 1942 J -Pictures such as this may be taken on the U. S. Wildlife Refuges and presage a splendid duck season for the coming yeor. These ore Canadion Geese. (Soil Conservation Photo). 2-Five hungry baby Green Herons. Picture taken on South River by Glenn W. Bell. 3- Don't destroy these trees. This is a Hercules club tree. The cluster of berries on top of the tree provides a splendid source of food for wildlife. (Soil Conservation Photo). 4-Meet Bess. Her puppies have brought more than $500 to Grover C. Hammontree, of Rossville . . 5-You can help protect our bird life by preventing nests such as this Irom being destroyed. 6-R. F. Burch, State Park Director, pauses close by Sugar Creek near McRae for a drink of that cool, mineral water. ~HARLIE WHARTON, MUSEUM EXPERT State Forestry LOA ED TO OKLAHOMA Sets Record CHARLE H. WHARTO . \\ho from time to time has written storie for OUTDOOR GEORGIA on bird. nake and taxiderm left earl in ugu t for Oklahoma. The Divi sion of Wildlife "loaned" Charlie to' Oklahoma to organize their mu eum. A lasting tribute to the ex cellence of Charlie's workman ship may be seen in the museum in the state capitol. He caught, m ou n ted, and arranged a representative snake exhibit showing all the poison. ous and many non.poisonous species found in Georgia. His wildcat display is a work of art. When his dexterous fingers go to work in a wildlife collection you can be assured of splen. did re ults. And the lad i gifted. His pecimen are amazingly lifelike. In addition he ha ab orbed a great deal of knowl edge on wildlife. He i ca ually known around the capitol as Curator. Herpetologi t. Ornithologi t, Taxider mi t. Photographer. Geologi t, Fo sil Expert: and Genera! Handy Man. He' good-no fooling. Charles is a junior at Emory University. He hopes some day to join an Expedition of the Charlie inspects one of his specimens. Charlie is quite on expert on snalees. He ;s shown here with a glass "snake" which he says is not a snalee at all, but a lizard. Museum of atural Historythat is his pet amhition. In the woods he is a modern Daniel Boone. He seems to glide si lently through the forest, and nothing escapes his sharp eye. He would be.a marvel at guer rilla warfare. His friends claim he can rub two boy scouts to gether and start a fire. At times Charlie eems to appear out of no place at all. You just look around and Bl GO-there's Charlie looking solemn and erious. Under the skin, he's a regular fellO' and great company. He i n't much given to hilarity. but when his funny bone i touched-you never have seen a fellow get so much plea ure out of a laugh. And-he play the fiddle-just like those you find up in the orth Geor gia Mountain. He thoroughly enjoys hill.billy mu ic. And he can handle the harmonica too. but we will skip the singing. But Charlie is \\'orkinO' on a muse um in Oklahoma City and you can bet your chips-when he turns it loose it \\ ill be somethi ng Oklahoma can be proud to sho\\. Charlie doesn't know ho\, to turn out a bad job. For the year ending July 1, the State Divi ion of Fore try reports the best record it has made in fore t fire control in it hi tory, thi in pite of greater than normal fire hazards. According to the record of fire on protected area only 1.93 per cent of the land was burned over, the lowest percentage yet recorded. The total area under organized protection is 5,054,542 acres. In pite of efforts to prevent forest fires, 3,162 fires occurred. The promptness and effectiveness of the fire-fighting crews are shown by the fact that the average extent of each fire was 30.95 acres. Forty. even persons were indicted for starti ng fires. SOMETHING TO THINK ABOUT By PAUL HALDER When you Dads are going fishing, Toke that boy of yours along; Don't drive off and leave him wishing, Thinking maybe he's done wrong. Let him know that you're his buddy; Teach him how to toss those plugs On a lake, when streams are muddy, With that fly.rod, flicking bugs. When you've hooked old Mr. Largemouth, Pass the rod and walch the fun. Even if he's nearly all mouth, You'll get thrills - full many a one. Bayless men, please heed my story, Take along that neighbor lad; Teach him fishing, and he'll glory In the Buddy that he's hod. You won't miss a bit of pleasure If you share it with some boy. He'll repay you without measure While you bring to him some jay. -South Daleota Conservation Digest. GUNS RIFLES AMMUNITION ALL OUTDOOR EQUIPMENT Bech 11 q1UNjrf HARDWARE CO ATLANTA. GA. 14 OUTDOOR GEORGIA. September 1942 - MAKI G a hobby of hobbies requires skill, patience, great energy and the ability to get pleasure out of doing things the hard way. John J. Knudsen, of Atlanta, and his son, Pete, have been partners in hobbies for many years and their industry has been rewarded with some excep- .) tional and well-done collections. As a matter of fact, the father and son hobby team had to relax their enthusi- asm a trifle to prevent its development into a full time avocation. They can builCl a fire of excitement in the most disinterested person by showing their treasured collection of fossils, sea shells, Indian relics, model ships, minerals, moths, butterflys, water colors, paintings, stamp albums and so on. On each shell or butterfly hangs a story-a story delightful to hear and entertainingly told. Memories of yesteryear pass in review and thoughts of tomorrow's pecimen stirs the imagination and zeal. Outdoor Georgia has, on sevetal occasions, ape pealed to its readers to use wi ely their spare time on a hobby. It takes up the slack, destroys monotony resulting from excessive spare time and establishes communion between the individual and lature. Anyone of the Knudsen hobbies could absorb all of the spare time of less ambitiou individuals. The Knudsen list is endless. For exam pIe Pete keeps tropical fish. His dad is an expert on horticulture and specializes in wild flowers. His front yard has dozens of varieties. He also plays the piano. Of course -they have a victory garden. And what do they do with their spare time? Both enjoy fishing with special attention to mountain trout. They have at lea t one of every fly you ever heard of and iI fel they tied themselves. Both enjoy hunting -there's never a dull moment at the Knudsen home. Just the other da Pete captured a Black Widow spider with 125 little ones. Yes sir, in his spare time. J. S. J -Jo"n J. Knudsen and his son, Pete, have mode a hobby of hobbies as shown by the pictures on this page. This collection of Indian relics represents long years of patient searching and digging. That shIll once was important to an Indion woman. It wos tole en from an Indian Mound. Note the shell on the left-it is a French 75 which Mr. Knudsen brought home with him from the lost world war. He went across with the 32nd Ditision. 2-Young Pete Knudsen inherited the hobby spirit and bel,eves in variety. II req uired talent for him expertly to hand-carve those model ships on top of the case. The books next to the globe or" filled with stomps collected over a period of many years. The first shell in the case holds fossils. Pete shows us a mineral specimen from the second shelf which contains agate, mica, amethyst, hematite, bauxite and so on. On the lower shelf he has a collection of sea shells gathered along the Atlantic coast. How is that for variety? Pete's Dod started practically all of the collections but Pete took them up rapidly. 3-Mr. Knudsen started this hobby and turned it over to Pete. The top case shows moths and the lower case contains butter/lys. This is about a 10 year collection and contains specimens from every port of the world except around the South Pole. And for good measure-Mr. Knudsen produced the picture of the Winneabago Indian Chief (on right) in water colors. How we doing-for hobbies? 4-11 took Mr. Knudsen only 20 years to assemble this bird egg collection. Pete assisted after he was large enough to climb a tree. No more than one egg was token from a nest and each nest hod to have two or more eggs before even one was taken. :rn practices. Wildlife is also being developed; and in a pel.iod of only a few years it has increased to a most gratifying proportion. Forest holdings are being purchased and managed by forest products industries. There are many estates in south Georgia that have long Fawn, re/ea,ed in the wi/cl ,oon adjust themselve, to their new surroundings. At birth, fawn, have no odor which is Nature', way of protecting them from predators and giving the youngsters a chance to get big enough and strong enough so their long, thin leg, can tate them to ,afety at the first ,ign of danger. Under favorable condition" deer population, double each ten years. 16 been noted for their timber values and abundance of game. The farmer is being taught to manage his woodlot so that he and tlje resource ben efit thereby. But considering the state as a whole, it mqst not b.e construed that miracles are taking place. To the contrary, thus far these examples are merely demonstrations of what can be accomplished in both forest man agement and wildlife management. The>: mean little in providing hunting for all of Georgia's sportsmen, and they mean little toward perpetuating Georgia's forest industries. A great expansion must occur on a state-wide basis before it can mean much in this respect. But there is a gradual expansion, and that is something. The expansion of the forestry movement will in itself create new areas. of wildlife habitat. Given half a chance, game will increase. The modern methods of scientific forestry offer far more advantages than disadvantages toward increasing forest game species. If the forests are properly managed, if devastating fires and over-grazing are eliminated, if the forest managers apply a few proven, simple practices for developing game, and if the forest managers will consider the wildlife resource with the same skill and enthusiasm that they do the timber resource, there is little doubt that the game species will reo spond to the treatment. The trouble is that so far too few people are willing to be concerned. Education of the people by various means is progressing. Already we hear of some modern thinking to the effect that man has only a life tenure on Happy hunters/ So far as Bradford McFadden (left) of At/anta and W. H. Mehle, of East Point, are concerned, the hunting season is a big success. Each bagged a beautiful buck on one of the regulated hunts in the Chattahoochee National Forest. JAil photos courtesy U. S. Forest Service.) his farm or property, and that tbis ownership carries with it a definite responsibility toward the ~>n-coming generati~ns. This IS progressive reasonmg, especially when it reaches a broad application. It is to the people a hope of a profound nature. Experience has spown that it is a ,comparatively simple procedure to produce native game species when a nucl~us exi ts upon which to build. On the Chattahoochee ational Forest in nflrth Georgia good protection alone yielded surprisingly fine result. Production, however, i only half of the wildlife management job. The more difficult task is the management of it after it has once been produret. Vnles hunting pressure is restricted it i but a matter of a short time before the game is again scarce. This sort of management is of (Continued on Page 18) In this beautiful mountain range in the ChaHahoochee National Forest deer live under the watchful eyes of State 'and Federal Rangers. To check over-population a supervised, regulated deer hunt is held each year. 17 Continuous Flow of Strategic Georgia Minerals (Continued from Page 5) some of the steel in the SIdes of that ship came from Georgia mines. .I Tanks must have heavy armor, able to resist special anti-tank guns. Remember how Field Marshal Rommell ran into some hell-bent-for-election desert fighting machines \ hen he reopened his Egyptian campaign? Those were American tanks taking the acid test in action and plates of Georgia steel fashioned some of those fighting machines. And even the large guns mounted on the tanks, that sent their messages sizzling into the Axis ranks, probably were made from manganese and iron ore mined right here in Georgia. What are other uses of steel made from our minerals? The helmets worn by our men in service, bullets that whizz out of machine guns, anti-aircraft guns, cannons. These and hundreds of other war essentials are the products made possible by Georgia mining. Aluminum mixed with mag- nesium produces a metal with almost the hardness of steel. It is used extensively in airplane construction. Its lightness and armor '\'alue has saved the lives of many American pilots. Even the propellers of the planes are made of manganese and bauxite. Georgia is doing a first cIa s job and as time goes by will do even a better job. It is slow work getting manganp-se and iron ore finally processed into shining, bright steel bul lets, but just think how fast they can go into Berlin and Tokyo! Happy Days! Omar Sapp, 0/ Vienna, is beins instructed by N.Y.A. on how to use steel to make too/. When he complete. " .hort course he will be token into war work. N.Y.A. offers a greol opportunity to youngsters. (Continued from Page 17) course, erroneous; yet in the aggregate that is exactl what the situation is today. Game is a crop of the soil. As with timber, corn, and all other crops, there is a limit to what can be produced or maintained. And above all, seed stock must be available to produce a crop of game. The cardinal principle in forestry is to harvest the timber crop on a sus tained yield basis. The game crop 18 must be harvested imilarly; there is ho other reasoning. There are about 9,000,000 . acres of strictly forest land left in Georgia, of which only 2,000,000 acres can be considered well stocked with game species. Seven million acres remain idly awaiting someone to take action. Of the land al. ready stocked with game only about 25 % is open to public shooting, and then under definite restrictions add to limited numbers. The other 75 % is in private ownership, and is either managed as hunting clubs or estates. Federal and state agencies have successfully cooperated in developing areas under Federal and state ownership; and while this work is not to be minimized, we must look to the private forest lands for all major contributions. We cannot, how. ever, expect private owners to raise wildlife for the sportsmen without reo ceiving some form of compensation. OUTDOOR GEORGIA October 1942 - IN GEORGIA One who has basked in the Georgia sun On a golden Georgia shore, Or stretched his length on a, mossy bonk ::>f a Georgia stream, no more Need seek out a haven, nor hear the call Of the wanderlust. He has found them all- In Georgia. One who has gazed on the open bolls Of the snowy cotton fields, Or viewed the far-stretching tobacc~ rows, Or looked on the happy yields Of harve,ts stacked under Georgia skies, Has sated forever his seeking eyes- In Georgia. One who has breathed the magnolia-breath, Or tasted the fruit of her trees, Or sipped of her waters, or felt the caress Of a gentle Georgia breeze, If he should be elsewhere, will harbor a dream Of a tree, or a sky, or a mystical stream- - In Georgia. No matter what pleasures the years may unfold, No matter what fortune may bring, What fame has 10 offer, what v/aa/th may unfold In the course of one's wandering, There will always be present the tugging thought That again he'll return to a glorious spot- fn Georgia. -Christine Park Hankinson. K~!. (Continued from Page II) workers drink the drained water in the peat yard and no .sickness has ever been reported. The workers rub peat in cuts and claim it hastens healing. Peat, after so long a time, and if submilled to the correct pressure and heat, changes into lignite or .brown coal. Centuries later it would become bituminous coal and perhaps thousands of years later it might be anthracite coal. Still later it would be graphite or pure carbon. In Ireland there just isn't much coal, so the Irish lise peat moss as fuel. And, no kiddin', it is claimed that the Irish girls have such rosy jaws and shiny eyeballs because they sit by a peat fire. They claim peat has The blocks of peat vory in weight but most of them will register close to 5 pounds. some kind of, magic along that line. So that is the inspiration for the song, "When Irish Eyes Are Smiling!" ~llnnlJWise ~f1 6RI/6... "Better Care-Longer Weal" W HEN you come in out of the rain, don't put wet shoes br the radiator to dry. Heat wilts the leather-causes it to shrink. Stuff those shoes with paper or brace with shoe treesthen dry away from direct heat. Leather is a material of war. The better the care you give your shoes the longer they will last. Help your State meet its War Bond Quota by putting every penny saved into BONDS and STAMPS. U. S. TREASURY DEPARTMENT OUTDOOR GEORGIA. October 194.2 Two bales of peat on the way to market. AnsUJers ConselV.ation ~ease (Continued from Page 13) 1.c 4.a 2.d 5. c 3.d 6. a, c, e SMALL MOUTH BASS LARGE MOUTH BASS BLUE GILL BREAM SHELLCRACKER BREAM Live delivery guaranteed. Write for prices and information. JAS. H. REEVE, Calhoun, Ga. ENJOY ,the thrills an OUTBOARD MOTOR oilers Fish out-of-the-way places. ***** Motors sold, serviced and rented at ATLANTA OUTBOARD MARINE LOUIS TROTZlER 31~ Spring St. Atlanta 19 Librar an General Lib University of :th 8 G . 7- * COVER PAGES * Unlucky is the deer or wild boar that gets on the receiving end of this shaft, tipped with a steel broadhead. Many of the expert archers prefer to hunt with the bow and a special hunt for them has been arranged for this month in the Chattahoochee National Forest. Hugh Thompson, on the front page, is shown at full draw. Hugh is one of America's leading archers and wouldn't miss the hunt this month for anything. (Photo by Curtis Luke.) Tall and stately, this silent sentinel stands guard surrounded with slash and loblolly pines in South Georgia. From the tower state forestry workers are on lookout 24 hours a day for fires that might spring up and damage or destroy Georgia woodlands. (Photo by Joe Stearns.) !In CCkis !Issue Wildlife Merry-go-round Commissioner lack Cravey Archery "Grand Opera" Joe Stearns Hunting Season Opens Page 2 3 5 Illegal Deer Hunting Doesn't Pay 7 Parks Director Adds New land to State list . . . . . 9 Uncle Sam's Ace-in-hole Is Georgia Kaolin Joe Stearns . . . . 10-11 In the Mail . . . . . . . . 14 Conservation Please! . . . . . . . . 14 You Tell 'Em 15 Joe Stearns Homing Pigeons 17 Charles Wharlon Book Review . . . . . . 18 1942-43 Georgia Game laws . . . . . 19 You're wrong if you do and you're wrong if you don't. The business of directing the wildlife destinies of Georgia is like the old lady on the merry-go-round, you are on the go but you seldom get any place. It's a sure bet you can't make everybody happy but you try to satisfy as many as humanly possible and call it a job well done, One voice screams, "We must kill these birds. They are eating up my crops, ruining my farm and are pests in generaL" Another voice says, "Why the dickens don't we get more birds?" The quail hunters want an all-out war declared on the fox. The fox hunters step into the picture and threaten to exterminate every individual molesting a fox. They foam at the mouth at the very idea of deliberately harming fox. The quail hunters say fox destroy the birds-fox hunters say, "So what and why not go fox hunting in the first place?" Somebody calls up to tell me the fish are not biting and the reason they are not biting, well there just are no fish whatsoever in Georgia. Another fellow calls up and wants his picture taken with a big string of fish. If the fish don't bite, it is my fault. I am blamed because I can't give fish an appetite to bite a shoe-horn on the end of somebody's line. A letter of protest comes in saying the season does not start early enough-another letter lifts the roof and says how do we expect conservation with such long seasons. Too short for one; too long for another and of course, again it is my fault. You are asked to change the game laws. If you do you catch Hades and if you don't you'll catch it. You just can't win. Practically all of the acts of Nature are traced to you. If trees develop a blight, it is your fault, you are not on the job. Deer hunters call up and and in booming voices blast the department and everybody in it. They explain how they hunted all day and didn't see a deer. Or the deer they saw jumped behind some trees just as they shot. So-the deer hunting in Georgia is terrible. You calm and pacify the irate deer hunter by promising you will slip into the woods and notify the deer to please hold perfectly still next time while our outraged hunter walks up to within 30 yards and shoots him stone dead. Only then will Georgia be worth a tinkers dog-gone for hunting again. "Why don't we have pheasant in Georgia," they ask. You explain how much you have pleaded, begged and encouraged pheasant to adopt Georgia for a home but they just naturally won't do it. When released, they flyaway to cooler climates. Then they want to know why the devil you don't do something about it and if you don't-you can go to a much warmer climate yourself. To hear them talk, there isn't a fish in the whole state. This conversation always comes from some fellow looking for a favora favor that will close his mouth. If he gets the favor, he suddenly decides the state is loaded down with fish and what we really need is more water to give relief to poor fish over-populating our rivers and streams. Troubles just pile up. There are times you feel discouraged. You want to toss the job into the air and go off some place where (Continued on Page J4) NOVEMBER, 1942 (Q)U1rID>OO~ GIEO~GllA Volume XI, No. V ZACK D. CRAVEY, Editor JOE L. STEARNS, Managing Editor PAT COOPER, Associate Editor BEVERLY BURCH, Feature Editor Published monthly by The Georgia Department of Natural Resour""s. 422 State Capitol, Atlanta. Ga. in the interest of Georgia wildlife and for fishermen, hunters. nature lovers and conservation of natural resources. Yearly subscriptions to United States and its posses- sions, and Canada, 75 cents; other countries. $1.50. Suhscribers must notify us of change of address four w~ks in advance of next pub- lication date, giving both old and new address. Contents of this magazine must not be reprinted without perm18sion. This magazine is glad to receive photos, drawings, stories and articles dealing with outdoor subjects, but cannot guarantee return of unsolicited contributions nor insure against their I06S. Contributions not accompanied by sufficient postage will not be returned. Entered as 2nd class matter August 31, 1940. at the P06t office at Atlanta, under the Act of March 3, 1879. WILLIAM' .TO (0 ATLA.TA "q~ (!)~" Hunters Await Opening of Regulated Hont In Chattahoochee National Forest Area B'J Joe Slearnj Bow and arrow experts from about 12 states will gather at Camp Wahsega this month for what is tantamount to the "Grand Opera" of archery in America. It is the third annual regulated archery hunt in the beautiful Chattahoochee ational Forest, which is rapidly taking its place as one of the outstanding sporting events in the U.S.A. tate and Federal Rangers will send the "Robin Hoods" into the woods in quest for the wary deer for a five-day period starting ovember 10. The bag is not limited to deer Alone. The archers may bring in wild boar, a turkey gobbler, two raccoons and ten squirrels. This regulated archery hunt is the only one of its kind in America and has definite appeal to each and every archer. About 1700 archers, men, women and juniors, are in what is generally considered the expert division. It is reasonable to assume that for each of these high-ranking archers, there will be 10 amateurs or near-experts, which gives some idea of the popularity of the sport. Archery has been placed on the sports schedule in hund~eds of high schools. Watch this sport grow. Hardy men of the bow and arrow are among our finest sportsmen. They realize they mu~t get closer to the deer than a hunter with a gun. The thrill for them is to match wits with a nimble, alert deer and if the deer bounds away to safety-the archer considers himself a loser and the deer is entitled to his freedom. The setting for the hunt is magnificent. Cool, crisp Autumn days and downright cold nights will be the schedule back in the mountain camp. The galaxy of colors of the trees, the crackling of dry leaves on the ground may be found over the 40,000 acres of gorgeous hunting grounds in the Blue Ridge Wildlife Managemel}t Area, a range deftly touched up by nature' magic paint brush. The herd of deer in this area ha been estimated at one thousand. Approximately 40 archers will range the woodlands for the five-day period. Then the hunt opens up for hunters with firearms. About 200 hunters will take to the woods in hopes of drawing bead on a fine buck. The archers have left nothing to be desired. Cooks will prepare delicious meals and perhaps there will be barbecued wild boar or venison on the menu. The hunters will stay at Camp Wahsega and of course at night there will be the gathering around the fire side to spin tales of woe and tell tall stories. To the victor belongs the spoils hut also some manual labor. 'For example, an archer gets a wild boar weighing 175 pounds three miles from camp. All he has to do is sling it over hi!' shoulder and lug it back to camp. At camp he will find himself the owner of weary and aching muscles, a paralyzed shoulder and probably a victim of fallen arches. He will drag his throbbing frame ereet and get his picture taken and so far as he is con- cerned, the hunting season is an astounding success. And don't. forget the barbecue. Archers are expected from Cincinnati, Ohio; Covington, Kentucky; Glenn Allen, Virginia; Sullivan, Missouri; orfolk, Virginia; Washing- ton, D. c., South Carolina and Mis sissippi. The eleventh ranking archer in America will be there. He is Flight Commander A. W. Bartlebaugh, sta tioned at Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Mrs. Bartlebaugh is listed in the hunt also and hopes fate will provide her the opportunity to show up her husband. Archery is distinctly split into two classes. Tpe bow and arrow man who can sock an arrow into the bull's-eye at a hundred paces and win pretty silver cup is just another fellow with soaring hopes on a hunt. Hunting down wildlife with a bow and arrow calls for a different type of skill plus quick action. Deer just won't be a still target for a steel broadhead shaft. Tommy Thompson, of Atlanta, cuts loose a swift, deadly arrow and has a seat at the head of the class when it comes to .rough and tumble hunting in the wilderness. The chips are down on Tommy to bring in a deer-he is the lad voted' most likely to succeed. Make no mistake about the bow and arrow. In the hands of an expl'rt it can be a dangerous and e"edive weapon. for example, how you like to have been this tree? Hugh Thompson didn't hit that tree by acddenthe aimed at it. The archery hunt in the Chattahoochee National forest this month will be one of the bright featured hunts of fhe season. (U. S. forestry Service Photo.) Ola CotWW113 AT SOAP ~REEK Old covend bridges are slowly vani hing in Georgia. Only a cattered rew remain. Thi one is just a fe" niile from tlanta at oap Creek. ome of the covered bridges in Georo-ia date back more than 100 year. Tt is said that the bridges are covered becau e no metal "as u ed in the construction plan and it wa believed that a top on the bridge" ould protect it from the elements. Aloin the old day of the hor e and ,,"agon it" a a shelter from rain to the low traveler. OUTDOOR GEORGIA November 1942 ~~~l~~~ ~[~~~~ ~~[~~ 2UGiJ p~; 8-dJ-ooi <7ie e~ <70. BIUw; (jut M~ dlen g~! AS THE old egro said, 'You can The dove sea on i hort. Season ha in the pa t. We can only tap the go hunting this month for any- opens December 1 and ends Decem- wildlife resources this year and \ hen thing you want, excusin' the dove." ber 30. our bo return home, the hunting Geor pealing to_his spirit of fair play and to hi~ reasoning powers, always being clear and easily understood. The first chapters concern our good earth, how soil is made at the rate of an inch in 500 years, and how that inch may be washed to destruction in five minutes. Such a fact will jar the most uninterested mind. The chapters on water explain the need for abundant forests and sound policies for their protection. "If you were planning a picnic to what kind of a place would you wish to go? Would you go to an ugly eroded field?" Such questions as these are inescapable, and an answer for them is not long in coming. The majority ol the foUowing pages are devoted to a brief treatise upon respectively the trees, the birds, the mammals and the fish. Each of these groups are explain,ed clearly and the interrelated part they play in nature's scheme is emphasized. Exceed- ingly useful to the beginner are the pic- tures, descriptions, and simple keys given on the trees and birds, which, because of the greater part they play in conservation, are elaborated upon to a larger extent than are the mammals and fishes. Suggestions and drawings are provided concerning the attraction and care of insectivourous birds. One chapter in "Our Land and Our Liv- ing" helps the child to tie up the law-en- forcement agencies with ~e preceding chapters and thus to look upon the conser- vation officer, not as a kill-joy bent on mak- ing life miserable for people, but as an educated and trusled guardian of living creatures. The final chapter is devoted to "Our Buried Treasures," the minerals, their use and conservation. Questions and sug- gestions are provided at the end of each chapter to create interest in the mind of the student. Upon completion of "Our Land and Our Living," every child should have a working knowledge of the funda- mentals precedent to a fuller appreciation of life about him_ -C. H. W. Hnswers Conservation Please (Continued from Page 13) (1)e (5)b,d,e (2) d (6) b (3) b (7) e (4) b which you are served a steak about a' yard wide and two inches thick. You will have three kinds of v~ge tables, a dessert, delicious coHee and plenty of trimmin's. These men deserve much credit for the kaolin industry in Georgi.a. .They have a huge plant that works night and day. It was these men who went to the front and mad~ industrialists realize and appreciate the value and importance of Georgia kaolin. When Uncle Sam is ready to play his "ace-in-the-hole," the Georgia Kaolin Company will be among' the first to answer the call. Kaolin has a definite future and its presence in Georgia gives this state great added wealth. Hundreds of men have j{)bs and many thousands of dollars are poured into Georgia business each month, thanks to that snow-white clay -Kaolin. . (Continued from Page II) /(ao/in flap;aclcs. These pancake-like pieces of kaolin are placed on conveyors that send them up and into processing machinery. Each one weighs 40 pounds or more. After kaolin has run through orderly processing machinery it is finally dumped into large vats. These workers are sacking it for delivery. It is the finished produd, in powdered form. ENJOY the thrills an OUTBOARD MOTOR offers --~- Fish out-of-the-way places. ***** Motors sold, serviced and rented at ATLANTA OUTBOARD MARINE LOUIS TROTZIBR 311 Spring St. Adanta J4c1ep~~ 0/ 4"PP4~ GUIS RIFLES AMMUIITIOI ALL OUTDOOR EQUIPMEIT BscII, & q'Ulff HARDWARE CO. ATLANTA, GA. 18 OUTDOOR GEORGIA November 1942 1942-43 GEORGIA GAME LAWS Seasons And 8ag limits GAME OPEN SEASON ( inclusive) DAlLY BAG LIMIT SEASON BAG LIMIT Bear Deer a (Bucks only) Opossum (with gun and dog) Raccoon (with gun and dog) Rabbit Nov. 20-Feb. 28 No limit Nov. 15-Jan. 5 2 I Oct. 1-Feb. 28 No limit I Nov. 20-Feb. 28 No limit I No closed season and no limit No limit 2 No limit No limit Squirrel b Oct. 1-Jan. 15 15 No limit Quail Turkey d Ruffed Grouse Woodcock Fox (with dog only) Marsh Hen MIGRATORY WILDFOWL Nov. 20-March 1 15 I Nov. 20-March 1 2 I No open season I No open season I No closed season and no limit I Sept. 1-Nov. 30 25 I DAILY BAG LIMIT 30 week, also possession I 2 25 POSSESSION LIMIT Dove Dec. 1-Dec. 30 10 10 Duck f .. Woodduck Goose f Coot Rail g Gallinule g Jacksnipe Nov. 2-Jan. 10 10 20 I Nov. 2-Jan. 10 1 1 I Nov. 2-Jan. 10 I 2 4 I Nov. 2-Jan. 10 25 25 I Sept. 1-Nov. 30 I 15 15 I I Sept. 1-Nov. 30 15 15 I No open season Hours for shooting migratory birds: sunrise to sunset. TRAPPING DAlLY BAG LIMIT SEASON BAG LIMIT Opossum, Raccoon, Mink, Fox, Otter, Muskrat (trapping) Wildcat, Skunk , Nov. 20-March 1 No limit , No limit a, b, d, f, g - see exceptions. EXCEPTIONS a. DEER - Nov. I-Jan. 5 - Appling, Ben Hill, Bryan, Bulloch, Camden, Charlton, Chatham, Effingham, Glynn, Liberty, Long, McIntosh, Screven, Tattnall, TeUair, Ware and Wayne. No open season in Banks, , Dawson, Fannin, Gilmer, Habersham, Hall, LUD1pkin, Murray, Pickens, Rabun, Towns, Union, Jeff Davis, White, Whitfield, Marion, Schley, Webster, Chattahoochee, Muscogee, Stewart, Talbot and Eehols. b. SQUIRREL - Aug. IDec. 31 - Catoosa, Chattooga, Dade, Dawson, Fannin, Gilmer, Gordon, Haber- sham, LUD1pkin, Murray, Pickens, Rabun, Stephens, Towns, Union, Walker, White and Whitfield- Nov. I-Jan. 15 in Appling, Ben HiIJ, Bryan, BuUoch, Camden, Charlton, Chatham, Effingham, Glynn, Jeff Davis, Liberty, Long, McIntosh, Screven, Tattnall, TeUair, Ware and Wayne. d. TURKEY - Nov. I-March 1 in Appling, Ben Hill, Bryan, Bulloch, Camden, Charlton, Chatham, Effing. ham, Glynn, Liberty, Long, Mcintosh, Screven, TattoaU, Ware and Wayne. . DUCK AND GOOSE - No open season on Ross' Goose, Swan and Snow Goose. Daily bag limit on Bumc- head and Red Head Ducks not over three in the aggregate. Possession limit not over 6 in die aggregate. 'I g. 15 in the aggregate of rails and gallinule. OUTDOOR GEORGIA November 1942 19 \. 1'- * COVER PAGES * Some hearts will be heavy this Christmas since loved ones will not be present to open their packages. Still our boys in the armed services are not forgotten. It isn't hard to understand that the dog on the front poge is lonesome. He remembers those days in the field with his master. Now he just waits for the happy day when his boss returns, picks up that gun, slides into his hunting c_t and they both return to their favorite sport. few places in America offer the scenic beauty found at Pine Mountain State Park. The pork is open the year around. Notice Pine Mountain valley stretched out below the Tavern terrace. (Photos by Joe Stearns.) !In CCkis !Jssue Page Hunters Can Help Win the War 2 Cammissianer Zacle Cravey So long Pal . . 3 lou Ribble Breaks 100-Year Record in Georgia Jae Stearns Outdoor Fireplaces . . . 4-5 7 You Tell 'Em . . 8 Joe Stearns Beresford Mineral Collection . 9 American Way of life Includes Christmas Trees . . . . . 10-11 Winton H. Reinsmith Only One in World. . Beverly Wallace Burch . . . 12 Conservation Please . . . . . . 13 Georgia Appalachian Trail 16 Charles Wharton Hunters Uan Help Win The War Christmas joy will not reach the heights this year that it has enjoyed in other years. In many families a son or father or uncle will not be there. Nevertheless, it will be Christmas and all of us have much to be thankful and grateful about. We can be cheered in knowing we are in the land of liberty. Our lights are not dark and we do not hear the deadly whistle of bombs hurtling earthward nor the drone of enemy airplane motors overhead. No flea-bitten dictator will send his secret police into our homes and take away one of our loved ones for a concentration camp or perhaps to face a firing squad. Americans are grateful that these things do not happen in the U.S.A. Perhaps we have a few who complain a trifle that they have given and given to our cause. They say all of their scrap metal was graciously given and they have purchased many war bonds. They stress the sacrifice they have made to conserve necessary foods and materials vitally needed in the war effort. All of that is true. But let us take the average man in the armed services. What is he giving? He is giving up, at least temporarily, his station in life-his privilege of living with and enjoying his family. He is betting his blood on victory. He is prepared to give up what, to him, is the most valuable thing he owns-his life. No matter how much we give, we can never match the "gift" of a soldier, sailor or marine. Some of these boys will spend their Christmas day in a foxhole or behind a machine gun. After we have given everything we can afford to give, let's give a little more and then really give until it hurts. Hunters can give. While hunting, be salvage-minded. Save those shot-gun shells, rifle cartridges, down feathers of waterfowl, and the fats and hides from game animals. Uncle Sam vitally needs these things. Fats from your game animals will make glycerine and glycerine is used to manufacture nitroglycerine, dynamite and other high explosives. Deer hides were normally imported from Asia and South America. This, of course, has been halted. Uncle Sam now must appeal to the hunters. The hides will be used to make gloves and warm wearing apparel for our men in the armed services who are stationed in the Arctic. You couldn't give your Government a better Christmas present. DECEMBER, 1942 (Q)U1I"JD)OOlR{ GlE,OlR{GllA Volume XI, No. VI ZACK D. CRAVEY, Editor JOE l. STEARNS. Managing Editor PAT COOPER, Associate Editor BEVERLY BURCH, Feature Editor Published monthly by The Georgia Department of Natural Resources. 422 State Capitol, Atlanta, Ga., in the interest of Georgia wildlife and for fishermen. hunters, nature lovers and conservation of natural resources. Yearly subscriptions to United States and its POllSes- sions, and Canada, 75 cents; other countries. $1.50. Subscribers must notify us of change of address four weeks in advance of next pub- lication date, giving both old and new address. Contents of this magazine must not be reprinted without permission. This magazine is glad to receive photos, drawings, stories and articles dealing with outdoor subjects, but cannot guarantee return of unsolicited contributions nor insure against their lOllS. Contributions not accompanied by sufficient postage will not be returned. Entered as 2nd class matter August 31, 1940. at the post office at Atlanta, under the Act of March 3. 1879. WILLI A.' .,. COATLA.,. Be Paikd, Prd-ellel qos c!lutdu; dJ.M B~ qaHte 'kJiJJ" eIIu Uncle Sa#n! Reprinted by request from the October 1941 issue of Outdoor Georgia. Many sportsmen have had this picture framed. Rarely is a photographer able to capture such expression in the face and eyes of an animal. .. Lou Ribble Breaks Hundred-Yea Hunte s Take Over 60 Dee H E V . dark cloud are a (gn of rain' and when you get out the old faithful red nannel it is a si ne knOllS Ilhen they had hiked any great distance. A bri k II alk to the cornel dru cy tore for a Cigar ancl back to work 1\ a n't enough to pre Meet the champion! Lou Ribble, of Norfolk, brought in the first deer killed by bow and or. row in Georgia for over J00 years. Lou 0/50 proved 0 point in bagging his J75-pound buck -the archery hunt was three years young and no archer had been able to bring down a deer. Some of the hunters were 0 little doubtful of the bow and arrow as 0 lethal weapon_ No doubt now! 4 OUTDOOH GEOHGJA euord In Georgia; nRegulated Hunt! pare ome of them for the pull c)ver sa)s I\hen he fir t saw it it must tho e stretching mountain rang have II t'ighcd about 6S0 pound but II of them saw deer but the first day th core remained: no hit and co~ntless errors. II ht'n he looked up again it weighed aoo and wa gelling bigger. Tommy and the bear tood a few pace apart. Tommy looked at hi bow and then Cox Sold on Georgia the bear. The t mptation was great W. Howard Cox, Cincinnati ports- but it didn't get the he t of good judg. man and one of the best archers on ment. o-Oh- ooo! So, Tommy th hunt, told me of hi impres ions mad an about fa e and I ith no di'g. J, A. Gobel ba{iged this deer just 25 min- .. of the day in the lIood and Georgia in g neral: nity II hatsoever becoming a Robin Hood, he lit out in a ha t a retreat utes after he started to hunt. He was back home the same morning he started out. 'Indians believed IIhen the di d th) II ent to the Happ) Hunting Cround . Well-they II1U t have b n thinkin a of GeorO'ia. Honestl'. ou a you II ould ever want to see. As he curried for afer O'round he figured thi \I as an emeraenc which could best be handled by the ational Cuard. After all, he II asn 't Frank Gobel's son, Jimmy, W05 a happy young ster (who wouldn't be with venison steaks on the future menu) and greeted the jubilant hunter with, "Congratu/ations, Dod!" ought to have traffic light in tho e Buck he wa onl) a fellow with a bow II oods Jor the deer. Plenty of them! and arrol . tepped into view about 50 yard nd b liev me. n ver have I sepn u h a beautifui place to hunt. The gloriou color of the II oods and the II ilderne are uperb. When ou are out there huntinO'. you feel a if you lIere all alone in a n II and unexplored world. I lIa afraid to bump Lou Ribble, orfolk, irgJl1la, I ailroad man. was checking his compas omellhere hetlleen HalIk Mountain and Coop r fine Gap to find out II here in the dicken he wa when ud denl a 175-poul~d, 8-point deer away. Ripple cut loose a wift and deadly teel broadhead arroll. The ~hot \I a a bit wide but the deer leaped ju t far enough to catch it un der his front left leg. The alTOI into some of tho e bu he or brushes. el e Dan iel Boone and some of his Leather.stockings lIould jump out. It II ouldn't have urpri cd me to see a sabertoothed tiger. 1'm sold on Geor- e." That i the gi!>t of thi ubject; perhaps our veal' (If dabbling \\ ith outdoor barbecues , are beginning to teach u what centuries of outdour cooking . .~ taught the Indian. Their qual s did not have time to chop a ~ .!! ., ~:t._-1()t of wood; our, haven't either,--too busy punching type- '. :-':':J'C:~~::''' writers and riveting bombers. _ _.. _.'~..i. L _.:-::.:.:~.~ .. Perhaps the overwhelrTIJng number of I esterner 111 the . S. .. -.;, \." ,,;:-."'. ~::,;::.~~::~_.- Forest Service admini trative positions account for the recent :.X.. ~"k~~it::.:~-.: .....b..:._ deci ion by the Fore t ervice to tandardizc on the simple Rock . ;.:.:.. :~~~. :~)~:.t. oIk._ Slab Fireplace, which emplo a] 4" x 28" grate, flanked by stones. ..l.hul:... AI_,~ ., __..'" __. .-:-~.:.A. . (See F'Igure1.1 Th'IS re fI ects, perh,!ps, tlle populartrd en away from the co tly and impressive, but fuel.wasting "furnaces" that have been -':=~I;~~i~:~JJ.. the vogue for backyard harbecues. If you want an efficient and inexpen- f,. _~ __,lfll.._1':=" ",,:'::"-'~"J-:::':":'::::. sive backyard fireplace, where you can broil over a fell' smokeless embers, FIGURE 1. _..~~u~::.;:~-..:-~.:..:.. . -::~..~~~._..101.~_,~_- or u e charcoal, con ider the following pictures of simple, 'Iowdown" grilles found in the Atlanta area and el!>ewhere in the South . _ ..11 _ AI.~ ...... . I... .", r -This "furnace" far group use behind the Decatur Presbyterian Church, is big but it cost v'er" little cash. Abcut a hundred common brick, a few readyto-hand metal parts, a sock of cement and a day's work was all that was required. 2-A dignified setting-hence a little more finish to the masonry work. The concrete cap affords a ledge for the stainless steel grills. 3-80th grills in place, hardware cloth on bricks below for ash grote, a sock of charcoal, a few sticks of kindling, and she's ready for a broil. 4-0n the stoneless Homochitto National Forest, near Natchez, Mississippi, they used brick and old storm sewer gratings for a durable fireploce. Clear Springs Recreation Area. 5-Mare of the same on the Mississippi Notional Forest, this one with a low chimney. 6-The Ozark .National Forest in northwest Arkansas likes lichen-covered rock slobs, of which there are plenty. This is the Forest Service 14" x 2B" Standard grate. long Pool, Recreation Area, Ozark Notional Forest. 7 -Bock in Decatur, Georgia, ogain, this man was too poor to buy a grill or a plate or cement, so he fitted the stones, punched some cloy in the crocks, and let it go at that. Kind of Indian style, but decidedly low cost. 8-At lost he's got it all together! He prefers the gos range g,ill to the gas range broiler pan, which fils down in more snugly. Note kindling' and charcoal. 9-Here's a dandy, low-cut example on the Cherokee Notional Forest, Tennessee_ Note the use of plicast to insulate the inside faces of the stones against heat crocking. Quinn Springs Recrealon Area, Cherokee Notional Forest, Tennessee. ~'1A11I'l 'lfflM; ~eIJ 'c.! B loeg~ , Stearns All1lOst Interviews McLenlore Henry T. McLemore, nationally known olumni t, whose' article appear in 11ewspapers from coast to coast, \\ hirled into Atlanta late in No "ember for a two-da tand. after which he left for an undisclosed des tination. Mac isn t a stranger in Atlanta. He claim to have successfully resisted the efforts of the professor' at Emory University for four years. He took hi diploma to the old Georgian newspa per office and displayed it to Sports Editor Ed Danforth and talked a blue streak. In self-defen e Ed hired Mac to write sports. Between covering high chool ~ports and the Atlanta Crackers baseCall happening, Mac found time to read hi favorite magazines, including Police Gazette and Billboard, and picked up a great deal of information on Jew York. He nursed a hidden ambition to become an actor and one day informed Danforth he would no longer bend his efforts in behalf of the Georgian. So he landed in ell' York with an appetite, a straw suit case filled with an as ortment of oddsized shirts and a pair of shoes worn so thin he was almost on his feet agall1. Atlanta boys have a way of meet ing in 'ew York, so Mac and I became roommates for three years, most of which was used up avoiding landlords, working at odd jobs, taking the violence out of well developed eating habits and frequenting pawn ~hops with articles of small value. hi hotel and lie talked alung thi line: , Why, Mr. 1cLemore, fancy meet ing you here. This is Joe Stearn ." Mac-"Hi-you. JoscfT. I sure would like to ee you, but I have a column to do and in a few minutes they are taking me out to the Federal Penna, not for safekeeping, but to make a talk. Then I go to a luncheon and make another talk. By the way I read your magazine Outdoor Georgia, They sure do have, ou in the right pot nOI\'. After those days with me in . ew York, you ought to know plenty about wildlife." Joe-"1'hat' what I wanted to talk to you about. I figur d on an interview with you on wildlife. You are a Georgia ~ome-grown but tran planted product and what you would say about wildlife surely would get our postal rights taken away. So I have written an interview for ou. It is what you probably would say." Mac-"Read some of it to mesounds O. K. Let :er go. Joseff, I'll be back in Atlanta oon and we will get together. ed like to see you right now but you probably would spend an ho~r trying to talk me out of that $5 I 01 e you on the Georgia-Alabama game." Since Mac II a dOlln to his last itamin and hooked olid. here is about IIhat he lIould have aid in an inter- VJeIl: Joe -What arc) L1ur impressions on Ccorgia II ilcllifc? Mac Georgia wildlife ranks with the best. I remember a party 1 went to while I was in Emory- Joe-J 10 , Mac. I'm talking about hiI'd and animals. Mac-Oh. II elL A deer is something that Ilouid make Santa Claus look mighty silly if he didn't have it. It also i the fi rst word of almost every letter written and commonly used by people during the first six months of marriagc. Joe-How about 'possums, 'coons. and squirrels? Mac-The coon ~ as invented by Daniel Boone and makes a swell hat -or does it? The 'possum is a ratfaced animal that made yams famous and ha a rumble seat to carry around its young. And squirrels-I am practically an authority on them. Remember in ew York when we ate nothing but peanut for three days? I was nuttier than a fruit cake. I went for a \\ alk in Central Park one day and three squirrels ran out of an oak tree and tried to drag me up the tree and into their hole for the winter. Jo Let's get dOl n to bu iness. You know, we have a great many wildcats in Georgia. Mac-Oh, yes, and I remember otle ) ou had in ew York. Her name Il'as- Jc Let tick to the subject. Are ou familiar with the bear? Mac-That, Jo eff, is a silly question. Don't you remember my wardrobe. Or are you thinking of the two (Continued on Page 13) Mac's only stab at acting wa coolinottom shank when ou get the tree home. If your .cherish d tree turns up on tate or Federal land. a k the ranger or warden for his permis i n before you touch. el e prose cution ma impend. orth Georgia ha little enoup:h white pine and hemlock and no pruce or bal am, but our rolling acres ar~ choked with the lowly Pinu irginia, the old fi ld pine, long de pi ed as a \ eed tree and onl of late alued for the erosion-arrest inO' propertie of its roots. Being hortnee died. its aplings are among th 'cute t" and fine ttextured of the pine. ugge ting in a lightly coarser texture the s\ elte of the cell" b I' at d wi stone pine (Pinu cembra I. o th reO . our ubsti. lute tree: the field pine. Let's give it a play this )ear. use one indoor, I i g h. tan 0 t h I' 0 n e Georgia contributes to with it.-; thousond( 01 aj pines. Here is a sp/enG 'planted" outdoor (if permitted thi eason ). thu bringing into the limelight a hitherto 0\ er- looked nati\'e tree. Plllllt. Pf'rtllflllellt Trf'e Let' not o\erlook. either, the R d Cedar, whi h \\ ill b offer d on th .treet again thi ) ear along \\ ilh the pra) of merican HolI) and the lu tel' of galax and red ru ell . al 0 th rop' of O'round pin . But ) our be t, mo.tl) unappre iat d source of coniferou trees of di tinctive character i )our local nur enman. \\ho ha 10\\. of fine specimen 'of "c~dar ,. on Here ;.1 where the Christmas trees are assorted, tied into bundles ond prepored for shipping. (All photos courtesy of U. S. Forest Service,) JO o TDOOH CEOH(,IA IN WARTIME * * * hi board bill, helping to eat up \I hat remain of his I ar- trangled bu ine . Look hi tock over with the doubl barreled purpo e of acquiring ali e a Christma tree of di tinction and later setting it out as a front lawn pecimen. In a few year it will be big enough to light up for "the Jones ." Consider the Cunningham pine, the 'Korean" juniper (u ed to be J apa- nese) , the American holly, al 0 thl" Burford holly, the deodar of our e -but don't overlook that prince of conifers-the "arbor vitae" I illl an elegant future. namely the incen e cedar (Libbo edru decur- rensl. Cryptomeria. sometime ca II e d the Temple edar. mak the most intere ting outdoor ul tree imag- inable II ith it oTaceful silhouetting limbs. but is not II idel) available hereabout- and would succeed onl in north Georgia. We have heard of. but have not 'et se~n, the pecimen of the fine Cedar of Leba- non (Cf>dru libani) at e Christmas tree business es of white and Old Field rJ stand in North Georgia. cottdale. This pecies fur nih e d the wood- work 0 r I o m 0 n' temple, remember? But wh a coniferous tree? For that matter, \I hy a tree at all?' Ever l:onsider the arti ti p ibilitie of a compo itional elu ter of b rq -laden branche of the ver, ornamental firethorn (P 'racantha) or the "Icane ., holly (llex verti illata) \I ith it burning red berrie ? In outh Georgia can be found the dahoon (Hex ca. ine and !lex m) rtifolia I groll ing II ild in wet place, but do, please do, ask permi ion to take it and then don t break off branch promi cuou Iy or chop dOlI n the II hole tree jut to get ) our co,' ted temend. If you haven t your pruning hears, II e }our good harp kn ife to sever the tI\ ius with a cI an cut. Judicious pruning like thi actuall will help the tr e or bu h-induce a den er grOI\ th next season. Thi you I ould do on your own property-do like1\ ise for your henefactor. Decorations That Count If you are of the landed gentry and have ubscribed to landscape arti try, you needn't leave your domain to find worthy material for Yuletidp. foliage. There i the pyracantha we mentioned before; the hollies, ligustrum. the fro t-reddened nandina, all hOI\ ily berried. If you live near the mountain cove, you will find there the recumbent dog-hobble (Leucotho e I, whose lu trou dark green leaves take on a rich purple color in II inter. few nur eries tock it. Push the tem bases into a pot, pail or box packed I ith damp and, arrange into pleasing 5ilhouett . contrive an embracing hadO\\-box or back drop, rig ) our trick liahting effel:t . then stand back and exult that 'ou "have omething." pra or dip the leafle. pecie. to a dull silver or gold curfine (if you have the metallic powders left from la t ear I. garni h 1\ ith the right amount of ornaments and. if you must, even hang on ) our artificial icicle . American urseryrnan, in a rec nt i ue, reported that Chri tmas trees can be kept green and leafy longeronc case of actual tip growth was reo counted-if you set the trees in water in a pail or tub and add a cupful of commercial fertilizer, say 4-12-4. Try it even if it i a little odorou the first dai Let's do something like this to bridge a venerable Yuletide symbol over the war interim. Later there will be lot of fir tree again. We happen to knoll' of a quite large upply of real balsam and even ollie spruce, ) oung tree that are crowding each other on a certain ational Fore t highland in our outhern ppalachian ,not 0 very far from Atlanta or Raleigh or Knoxville. Whe'n th ban is off the rubber and the rails, we'll probably begin to enjo a homegrOI\ n, commercially available. pungo ently fragrant Christma tree produ ed and managed on the ame crop basi a are noll' our G oraia "paper" pines. In normal times this ;s a common sight in our l western stotes where the Douglas fir flourishes but this Christmas this box car will be busy handling war machinery and tools. Dec'ember 1942 11 (j~ (j," !In 'k/cvJJ- GEORGU ~IA OW SAD OPERATES DUMO DRACK TERRAPI FARM BEVERLY WALLACE BURCH ALO G with peaches, pretty girl and papershell pecans, Georgia ranks first in production of diamondback terrapins, that deluxe of all seafoods. This is becau e William Barbee operates the only diamondback terrapin farm (on Isle of Hope even miles from avannah I, known to exist in the world. Wherever the beady-eyed hardshells are handled commercially, dealers look to Georgia as the never-failing source of supply. It all started more than half a century ago when the ptesent owner's father, the late Alexander M. Barbee, began the farm in the face of the opinion of every authority on the s.ubject-that it was not pos ible to propagate diamondbacks artificially. "Daddy was a streetcar conductor," Mr. Barbee declared. "Isle of Hope was the end of his run from Savannah and he used to watch the egroes capture wild terrapin out of the marshes. Eventually, he got into the bu ines him elf by buying them from the egroes and shipping them north." However the upply along the Atlantic seaboard began to diminish and the price to skyrocket. 0, the conductor decided to raise them. ince that time, the wealthy and the great throughout the nation have bought Barbee terrapins. Through many administrations the White House has been a steady customer and big dealers in 1 ew York, Baltimore, Philadelphia, Washington and other cities hold a warm spot in their hearts for the Barbees. Diamondbacks bring a fancy price-$3 a head, while an eight-ounce can of meat sells for 1 and a medium . sized bowl of stew in a fashionable restaurant or hotel costs from $2.50 to $3. "It's no wonder they sell like real diamonds," Mr. Barbee says. "It takes from five to nine years to produce a terrapin which measures six inches or more from shell end to shell end. And during that time it consumed lots of oysters and crab scraps and fiddlers." Somehow this terrapin fails to excite the appetite. This little fel. 10w'/ives down in the Okefenoleee Swamp. Any resemblance between this one and a diamondbacle terrapin is purely misleading. 12 The meat of the male is tougher than the female, but only one bull hatche out to every 17 to 20 cow _ At five years_ the female lays 12 to 15 oft shell eggs, about the ize of a quarter. which she depo its in lots of twos in the wet sand. While this snapping turtle isn't exactly a customer you'd lilee to have personal contact with, he malees mighty tasty soup. However, even as good as it ;s, it can't compare with diamond bacle terrapin stew, America's finest and costliest native delicacy. The diamondbacle terrapin ond snapping turtle bear a strong family resemblnce. , nd she carefully make a bunch of little scratch mark in the and to throw crows, crabs and other enemies off the track of where's she really deposited them," he aid. HOI ever, those false marks don't fool Barbee's men I ho gather the eggs and place them in incubators. ] ust how they are hatched is a trade secret, one which has made the business famous, for in the natural state the eggs hatch out all by themselves in the sand in about two and a half months. "During the winter months the terrapins hibernate and come to the surface every now and then to sun or look around," he said. He threw a crableg into the water and several terrapins unning on a log in the watery pen turned inquisitive eyes, then made a fight for the food. Mr. Barbee laughter the terrapins he s goin lY to can from Tovember to March, when the meat i sweete't and firme t. Mo t of them he ships alive to customers or to wholesale markets. Hole are bored in bar els, then the terrapin are packed between la er of pan ish mos and arrive as fit and healthy a the day they left their corral. "Diamondbacks ha e a gelatine in them that you don t get in other terrapins and thi account 'for the superb flavor and healthful qualities in the diamondback '. says Mr. Barbee. He al 0 cans crabmeat and oy ters but he says they can't compare with diamondback stew. Like his father before him Mr. Barbee operates a dance pavilion where he serves eafood meals. In normal till1e~, this is a favorite stopping place with yachting partIes. \ OUTDOOR GEORGIA December 1942 I Conservation Please (1) Although a baby wild turkey gobbler often struts at the age of three weeks, turkeys do not reach their full size until they are a. three years old. c. five years old. b. 15 months old. d. 10 months. (2) Fishing complacently, suddenly you fin'd yourself a long distance from the landing in the center of a lake that is rapidly rising at the rate of a foot every hour. The sides of your boat are only 15 inches high. The best plan would be to a. try to calculate the time it would take to row to the landing. b. begin pulling immediately for the shore. c. continue fishing. d. shout to some motorboat to take you quickly back to the landing. (3) "Point blank" range is that range when a. the sight line is parallel to the axis of the bore of the gun. b. yau may hit a fairly large object without aiming. c. the upcurve of the bullet on its trajectory crosses the line of sight. d. The army advises soldiers to always fire. (4) Three out of the six following ducks are subject to bag limitations o:ner than the conventional limits a. canvasback b. bufflehead c. gadwall d. blue-winged teal e. redhead f. wood duck (5) Three of the six ores listed below are important sources of iron. a. bauxite b. hematite c. limonite d. magnetite e. pyrolucite f. kaolin (6) The "pattetn" of a shotgun is a. the carving generally cut into the grip. b. the outline of the gun drawn on a piece of paper. c. the relative distance between the comb and the drop. d. The imprint this shot make upon striking a flat surface. e. the grain of the wood in the stock. (7) The fur with the best wearing .eat II e had on the front row at Minsky's"? far a I am oncerned. I would reaBv enjoy going hear hunt ing. but I'd sure hate to ee one. You know. I'm not the runner I u ed to be. Joe-Do you lik hunting? ac-I mu t. I pent two years in New York hunting-a jol . But, Joeyou hould have known my great uncle. He was known a "Dead-eye" M<;Lemore. He was a great shooter. He had scars to prove it-shot too man y 7's. eems h is gun wasn't the only thing loaded. Fast on hi feet, Loa. He never wa ted bullets on rabbits-ran them dOl n him elf. And he sold the tails for powder-puffs-that kept him in pending change. If that isn't the truth, I hope I never strangle another lion with my bare hands. Jo Tell. me more. What happened to your uncle? . Mac-He died brokenhearted and an outcast. I remember the story well. "Dead-eye" lipped up to within three feet of a half dozen skunks one day. He lit the fuse on his carbine and drew a bead on the largest skunk. Well, sir, nobody would have a thing to do with him after that. It's an ill wind that blow no good, you know. So, he just tarved to death. ( ate-Interviewing Henry is like brushing your teeth with a boxing glove-you won't have any luck.) * "* "* "* No Hot Dogs Here! Josh Davis, Atlanta real estate man, says he called on hi friend] oe qualities has been proved to be a. mink b. caracul c. otter d. skunk e. wolverine f. mole (8) A "dogfish" along our eastern seaboard is a. a small lobster which seems to track its prey along the bottom like a dog. b. a fish whose features resemble those of a dog's face. c. a giant grouper that lives close to shore and is quite fond of roving canines. d. a small perch-like fish that utters a sound when caught, not unlike the barks of a small puppy. e. a small species of shark generally found in schools. (An.we" on PaKe 18) o TDOOR GEORGIA Dpce",bPr 1942 (Continued from Page 8) Baldll in earl one frosty moming lately and found Joe in bed with hi feet ticking out a yard below the <;over. Josh aid,' Joe, IIhy in the dickens don't ou cover up your feeL"? They look frozen." Joe drowsily replied, "That' just the troubl . Do you think I want those cold thing in bed with me?" * "* "* "* 500000 Sad C. D. Gann, Atlanta contractor and 14-karat good fellow, gets a bang out of this one. It seems a good-natured, happy-golucky, alway smiling and laughing fellow in a mall town wanted to buy a mule. A farmer met him and told him he had. a mule to sell, so they went off to the farm to look at the mule. The farmer sent our happy man down to the barn to see the mule while he checked over hi tractor. A few minute later the farmer went down to the barn and there stood our good-natured friend, eyes fixed on one of tho e long-faced mules with huge and sad eyes. The mule and the man were looking each other right in the eye. The happy man was no longer happy. In fact, he was about as sad . a looking human being as you ever would want to see. His eyes were a bit moi t. The farmer aid "Well, for goodnes sake. What's the matter?" Our now unhappy man replied in a shaky and sobbing voice, "That (pointing at the mule) is the sadde t looking on of a gun I ever, ever saw! Why don't au sell him to somebody to pull a hearse?" * "* "* * Drop Your Anchor! America' rna t important resource i her pet pie. For years technical expert have preached the doctrines of con ervation to Americans in one form or another. Conservation steal into practically every phase of your life. A Educational Dire<;lor of the Department of atural Resources, it ha b en my pleasure to speak to clubs, banquet, school and organizations on the importance of \\ ildlife conservation and forest conservation and <;onservation in general. In a headlong plunge and II ith flood-tide enthusiasm for the ubject, it was my (Continued on Page J8) 13 Impatiently awaiting the starting gun. This was the typical scene the day before the archery hunt started. Greenville, South Carolina was well, represented by this squad of archers which included Mr. and Mrs. Harold Babb (front) and leroy Ingle (left) and f. C. Collins. Margaret Bowers congratulates lou Ribble on his 175 pound buck for the benefit of a photographer. Margaret just can't believe he did it with a bow cnd arrow. Spore lIme was used up with practice shots ot this cordboord deer. Step bock about 50 yards and fire away, and if you can sock on arrow in this deerl you aren't likely to win the booby prize. It's great fun, too. Tommie Thompson wonted to know if the shooting of this deer would in any way slow down the delivery service of Santa Claus. Tomm;te's ambition ;s to grow up and be as good with a how and arrow as his dod. J-Vernon Kestner, of Clorksville (left), has a perfect record for the regulated deer hunts. He has been three times incfuding this season and he bogged a deer each trip. Tillmon L Hampton, of Atlanta (center) and O. P. Perry, of Marietta display their bucks. 2-Fried venison, no less, was on the menu for the hunters. The fellow with the brood smile on the left just couldn't be anybody else but Ranger Arthur Woody. Commissioner of Natural Resources lack D. Cravey (center) can't get his eyes off the aromatic venison. Frank Gross, of Toccoo, is the chef. 3-Here is the way you get your deer out of the forest. O. P. Perry (left) and J. E. Wallace, both of Marietta, are ready to leave Camp Wahsega for home. 4-J. Fred Hock. ney was the only newspaperman to toke port in the hunt. He is owner, editor and a large port of the stoff of the Summit Post, at Blue Ridge. Fred understands and preaches wild life conservation. He is a booster of Georgia hunting from way bock. By CHARLES WHARTON ~TAI'F ~ IIITEIl A E .E MIG L Y endles trail through the la t remainin~ \\ iiderne s in the eastern nit d tates was the dream of Benton McKaye. Thi Ma a hu ell fore ter and philosopher nurtured the Appalachian Trail through its infanc and it gre\\ eament by segment, until it span the nation from north to outh. For 2050 ruaged miles it follows the lofty crestline of our oldest mountains. Beginning at Mount Katahdin in central Main , the Trail winds snake-like through den e spruce and b31sam land and over gras y treeIe s balds, terminatin a on a mountain bordering th Aattened cotton land of the deep south. Georgia Owns 100 Miles Georgia can claim a hundred beau tiful miles of this master trail. Beginning at the summit of Mt. Ogle- thorpe, where a marhle shaft COllimemorates the founding of the Georr 1942 buck \\a irrhLed 7.- yards away. Go bel had been gone only 25 minute, having come prepared to hunt for three day. In fact. he Lold hi \\ife hc \\ ouldn't I e home for Lhree day. Imagine her urpri e finding him home LhaL night. 13Poillt Record D. H. Dowel, of Ben Hill, Georgia. brought in a 13-point bllck. fO doubt about the 13 'points. E erybody in camp counted em. This was the first 13'poinL deer in Georgia record. Four paratroopers were on the hunt. Each bagged a deer with hi first shot. As one of the Rangers said, "The<;e boys could shoot the mous- tache ofT Hitler's pan, one whisker at a time. I just hope they get the op- portunity.' Well said, pRI! ernon Ke tner, of Clarksville, and Paul King, of Cartersville, have been on the hunt three straip;ht year and each time they bagged a deer, thi season included. If you shoot at a deer and mis , the price you pay is a piece of your shirt- tail. ot man archers owned a com R. C. Yates, of Orlanda, Florida, sharpens one of his steel broadhead arrows to a razor edge. Mrs. A. W. Bartlebaugh, who came over from Tuscaloosa, Ala., with her husband, a flight commander, for the archery hunt, watches Yates deftly put on the finishing touches. plete hirt. William Barbour, master of ceremonie and wellknown in archery circles, didn't just lose hi hirt- tail, he 10 t the whole shirt! Barbour (Continued from Page 5) shot the first deer and wiLh the first mi ed hi fir t shot at a beautiful plung d it wa completely through hullet fired and he was the fir tone buck and then hot several other the de r, ha ing its heart. Even back home. bucks in the same place. Hi hirt. afLer Lhis deaLR blo\\, the deer cram Gobel wa laLe getting sLarted. He properly carved up hung above the bled II ildl) away for abou~ 200 ards before dropping dead. a ked a guide where to go. The guide pointed at a range, the fir t one he fire-place identified by a mall sign. "Barbour's hame." In brief, a good Fate Guided Arruw And 0, to Lou Ribble goes the first deer killed in Georgia by a bow saw, and said, "Try that one." When Gobel wa about 300 yards from Mauldin Ga., a 160.pound, 5-point time wa had by all and al.ready they are looking forward to the hunt next ear. and arrow in over 100 year. Ribble, a darn good guy and regular fellow, said, "Surely fate musL have guided LhaL arrow. It wa m .bigp;est hunt ing thrill." The la t deer killed by an alTO\\ in the Chattahoochee was by Cherokee Indian more than 100 ) ear ago. M. H. Brumble Lopped ofT Lhe archery hunLing when he ex ploded an arrow into a 200pound \\ ild boar. Brumble 10 L 10 pounds dragaing hi boar back to camp. B)" the \\ay, Lou Ribble i rated amon a the Class B archer but there are a 10L of Clas face Lhat are no\\ a plendid shade of red. F0110\\ ing the archery hunt, Lhe riOemen came on the cene and Lhing began Lo happen fast. J. A. Gobel. of ALlanLa. ran ker mack inLo some "fir Ls:' IL \\a the fir t Lime he had hunLed in Geor~ia. It lIa his fi rsL Limc out for Georgia deer. He William Barbour (left) gives up-nat just the shirttails, but the whole shirt. Tommy Thompson takes aver the prize for a bit of surgical operation on the dangling ends. OUTDOOH GEORGIA Dl'(,'mber 1942 17 6OR6IH HPPALHCHIAn 1RHl1 )I (Continued from Page 16) morning to find the egg and the I' a- ter in his canteen frozen. For the nature student the trail i fascinating. The hardier bird of high altitudes, the scarlet tanager, the gros- beaks anq purple finches, are always interesting. A migrating flock of wax- wings may attract one. with their whistle and you can always find cheery juncos and kinglets fla hing about, even on cold days. And don't be surprised at anything you see; I once found a small bullfrog in a bar- ( ren granite rainpool at 4463 feet on the summit of Blood Mountain. Close observation may be rewarded by a glimpse of stately I ild turkeys, elusive ruffed grouse and even a mag- nificent deer. If you don't like overnight hiking, how about a one-day affair, for there are seven or eight easy one-day hikes to be taken. . othing can revive you more phys- ically and. mentally than five or ten mile of the Appalachian Trail, where guns and dogs are not allowed, and the hunter is armed I ith a camera. For here we can find relaxation in a world at' war, and gain courage from the wilderness where much of the in- domitable spirit of our nation was born. Three reasons for the popularity of Georgia's Appalachian Trail. Wind- ing a hundred miles along craggy peaks the trail provides unequalled beauty lor levers of the outdoors. (U. S. forestry Service Photos.) (Continued from Page 13) had ail ays been paid well for his You know, the American oung peo- desire to sow a beneficial seed crop of outdoor philosophy in Georgia people. So, it was somel hat of a shock recently when a particular t pe of conservation made a crash-landing right in my lap. The con ervation of time! Here is an element the human race uses carelessly and recklessly. time and he told me he had learned, too late, a bitter lesson. 10 man can give up 20 years of his life in one type of business and uddenl witch to another. "Son," the old gentleman aid. "when you get my age, you are in the I ay. While you have youth, get ple have a grand opportunit ill these government bond. It i well insur- an e that in 10 year from now a lot of fello\\ like me, \\,on't be out on sticking up m tahuhni~abh\\aanyd aillayaoing some place-just hop- ilia it will be good enough to keep me alive. ' Recently I picked up a lorth Dakota man at Avondale. He was hitchhiking a ride to Monroe. In the cour e of the conversation I learned that thi man had unceremoniously passed hi a root in the ground, or drop your anchor some place. Even a quirrel saves his acorns for a hard \\ inter. I didn't save my acorn and it' a hard winter the year arounrl for me no\\'. Thi 'drop our anchor" idea is II orth a great deal of con ideration. How man of us would like to look at that old fellow and figure, "J that my future?' r 74th birthday. He was going to Mon- roe in hopes of getting a job with a carnival. He told of working for more than 20 years for a big manufacturing concern and would have been retired on a pension in three month except he was given t\\'o weeks salary and fired. The company told him that he Answers ConselVation Please (Continued from Page 13) (1) a (5) bed (2) c (6) d (3) a (7) c (4) be f (8) e SMALL MOUTH BASS LARGE MOUTH BASS BLUE GILL BREAM SHELLCRACKER BREAM ~~de j~~~i;~~i:~.aranteed. Write for prices JA5. H. REEVE, Calhoun, Ga. 18 OUTDOOR GEORGIA December 1942 ******------------------******* **: M THE UNITED STATES TREASURY DEPARTMENT *: * * FIGHTER PLANES like these cost $55,000 each THE MORE BONDS YOU BUY THE MORE PLANES WILL FlY Y OU KNOW the program: 60,000 planes this year! 45,000 tanks! 20,000 anti-aircraft guns! All to defeat the war lords for whom this great land of ours is the richest prize of all. You know the cost: BILLIONS. Bur-yoll-know, too, that freedom is priceless-that whatever this war costs us, it is a million times cheaper to win than to lose. That is why you are asked to buy Defense Bonds to the limit of your pow.ers, regularly, month after month. Only by steady purchases Ollt oj edrtlillgs by millions of Americans in all walks of life can a program so enormous be carried out-for it is the purpose of these Bonds not only to help pay for the planes, guns, and tanks we need to win the war, but to put brakes on inflation and a ballast on taxes. Knowing all this-and remembering that even for so great a cause you are. not asked to give your money, but to lend it, at good interest-need you be urged to buy? MAKE EVERY PAY DAY {'BOND DAY" I * COVER PAGES * Here is one answer to the emergency transportation problem. These Georgia logs move down the Savannah River to a lumber yard where they will be prepared for market. Tug boats often tow the logs in a manner reminiscent of pioneer logging days. That lumberjack skipping from log to log must make no mistakes else he be dunked. A plunge into the Savannah River these coal days isn't exactly the most desirable thing we can think of, particularly in all your clothes. This is 28 acres of beautiful lake. It's Lake Conasauga, Georgia's highest body of water at an altitude of 2500 feet. Conasauga is in the Chattahoochee National Forest just 15 miles from Chatsworth. Hmmm, just wait until they lift the gasoline rationing! (Photos courtesy U. S. Forest Service.) !In CCkis !Issue Page Wealth For Georgia. . . . . . Commissioner lock Cravey Pictures From a Naturalist's Album 2 . 4-5 A Day on a Shrimp Boat. 6 You Tell 'Em . 7 Joe Steorno:: Safety First ... and You'll Live To Hunt Again. . . . 8 Georgia's Minerals Flow, Hum Victory Song. 9 Trees Make War Weapons Joseph C. Kircher Georgia's Rock of Ages. Charles H. Wharton 10-11 . . 12 Fantastic, Dizzy World Awaits Us After We Finish Axis. . . . . . . 13 Joe Stearns Conservation Please! 15 Wildlife Tidbits 15 Joe Stearns Courts Stand By Rangers 16 In The Mail . . . . . 19 Wealth For Georgia! WAR IS everything Sherman said of it and a little more. No sane person wants war, but when you have a war there remains only one thing to do about it-do everything you can to win it. As a result of war, Georgia stands on the threshold of new power and greater wealth. Never before has this state been confronted with so great an opportunity as today. Our citizens are not short-sighted. Thousands of pine trees have been planted. We have realized that the pine tree, a fast grower in this state, is in greater demand now than ever before because of its use as lumber and the dozens of by-products it provides. Uncle Sam needs millions of board feet for construction. Georgia pine trees are being used rapidly and widely to make patterns and frames for airplanes and ships. We are reported to be several million board feet behind Government orders. The list of uses of the pine is a long one. Thousands of trees will be used up this year in the manufacture of bomb boxes alone. What will this mean to Georgia? There will be millions of dollars poured into the state. It means greater purchasing power per person and more war bonds bought by workers. Our mineral resources are on the march. Captain Garland Peyton, Director of the State Division of Mines, says we have only scratched the surface thus far. This, then, must mean that new minerals will be uncovered and given over to the war industry. Our mica, manganese, magnesium, fullers earth, iron ore and kaolin, to mention only a few, are bringing in millions of dollars annually now. Heavy demands for more of these Georgia minerals, so vital in the prosecution of the war, means simply that our mining machinery will intensify its activity for higher production. And as a result, more millions will enrich Georgia. Our wildlife, a state asset which is rated in the millions, becomes more valuable as a result of war. Many of our hunters are in the armed services. Shells are hard to get and rationing of tires and gasoline will give our game a welcomed breathing spell. We can, therefore, expect more game and more game means more value. The prospect is bright. So many expect a sharp let-down in business after the war. Whether or not this is true, the state's natural resources will continue to do business at the same old stand. I say this because our Natural Resources hook up so closely as a part of our life. Consider water, an important resource which sustains life, generates electricity for our comfort, provides heat and safety for all of us daily. Most of us will agree that coal is the "life-blood" of industry. Its hundreds of uses and by-products keep the giant wheels of business spinning. Our state geologists have established the fact that in the northern part of Georgia we have 400,000,000 tons of high grade coal untouched. This is a golden opportunity for Georgia and let us keep it in mind. It is possible to abuse our natural resources seriously. A match carelessly tossed into a dry forest floor can wipe out a hundred years of work which only nature can restore. Simple precautions and common sense along with conservation practices will help greatly. If we conserve our Natural Resources our Natural Resources will in turn take care of us later. JANUARY, 1943 (Q)U1rJD)OOIRi (GJE,OIRiGllA Volume XI, No. VII JOE L. STEARNS, Managing Editor ZACK D. CRAVEY, Editor PAT COOPER, Associate Editor Publisbed monthly by The Georgia Department of Natural Resources. 422 State Capitol, Atlanta, Ga., in the interest of Georgia wildlife and for fishermen. hunters, nature lovers and conservation of natural resources. Yearly subscriptions to United States and its posses- sions, and Canada, 75 cents; other countries, $1.50. Subscribers must notify us of change of address four w!",~s in advance of next pub- lication date, giving both old and new address. Contents of this magazine must not be reprinted without permISSIon. This magazine is glad to receive photos. drawings, stories and artieles dealing with outdoor subjects, but cannot guarantee return of unsolicited contributions nor insure altainst their loss. Contributions not accompanied by sufficient postage will not be returned. Entered as 2nd class matter August 31. 1940. at the post office at Atlanta. under the Act of March 3. 1879. WILl"M ..... CO.ATL ,. Piutures From Charle Wharton, tate taxidermist, nat uralist and technician recently turned u with some pictures from his album whic, h wa ur would be of interest to read l-This is commonly mistaken for a snoke. Actually it is a gloss lizard. Twothirds of this lizard is toil. It can dislodge port or all of its toil without harm. 2-Char/es captured this 4112 foot timber rattlesnake in Rabun County lost July. Notice how the snoke is camouflaged by blending its colors with the leaves and ground. 3-This shows a cicada, weakly wiggling its way into a new life. Some cicadas, or dry flys as they are commonly called, remain in the ground for as long as 17 years. 4-In a dark cypress swamp near Albany, Charles Whorton and John Crenshow, Jr., caught this large cottonmouth water moccasin. The snake 'was caught half way down its body by a noose on the stick shown in the picture. The Moccasin buried its fangs in the stick several times before it was forced into a sock. 4 OUTDOOR GEORCIA aturalist's Album er of Outdoor Georgia. These pictures are hut a few of hundreds taken over the past two years on field trips. S-An American chameleon hod his picture token as he !compered up 0- tree neor the Oconee river. 6-These two harmless water snakes were found hiding beneath a rock in Soap Creek near Atlanta. 7 -This is one of those moments a nature photog- rapher dreams about. A Taylor County red-bellied terrapin, known locally as a "cooter", ;s scooping out a hole in the worm, sandy s..iI, where the sun wilt hatch her clutch of leathery eggs. 8-This young three and a half foot gator opens his mouth warningly and costs a baleful eye at the comero. Token by night near Billy's Island in the Okefenokee Swamp, the IiHle 'gator plunged quickly into the swamp water seconds ofter the pidure was snapped. (All photos by Charles Whorton). Jail/tar)' 1943 5 Bod . l-These proud little shrimp boots have on increasingly important job. The boots plow the coastal waters of Georgia bringing in important catches of shrimp and fish. Georgia shrimp and fish help to ease the pain of rationing. 2-Huge nets are dragged along the ocean Roar for more than on hour and then hauled in. The nets are aHached to these boards shown in the water. 3-Up comes the net. 4-Here is a bog of fish life leaving its ocean home. " is now ready to be dumped on the deck. 5-Just lock at the shrimp! Here and there in that pile you might find some ,trange ocean characters. 6-Afler the shrimp have been removed and stored Dway on ice, this is what is lell. The largest pile of fish shown here is what is known as the star drum. Note the shov!,/.nose shark in the rear by the net. 't is harmless. 7-A fisheries inspector checks the haul. He tokes down the size of the shrimp cought and notes the other fish pulled in. Georgia waters produce some of the largest and finest jumbo shrimp in the world. (Photos by f. Higgins). ''ltou ~e/J 'em! 8 loeg~ . Fare Enough! Mrs. Elmo Pile, first woman bus driver of Gardena, California, was told to turn in a report for her first day's work. Her written report was summed up thusly, "Three runs, no hits, no errors." *** Do Tell! Bob Spears, Ranger at Augusta, reminds us ~ve have a Fish, Georgia in Polk County; a River, Georgia in Wilkes County; Dry Branch, in Bibb County; Dry Pond in Jackson County; Hunter, in Screvens County, lind Birds, in Effingham County_ *** Christmas in the Country For many years now I have nourished the idea of owning a little home in the country. A home away from the bustle of every day life where one may have a cow, chickens, and a garden. I must confess now that the idea has suffered a blackout and no .longer is appealing. I spent this Christmas down on a farm with some very dear friends. First of all, I was spellbound by the charm, quiet and beauty of the place. Roving in the yard, I noticed a pile of wood. It occurred to me that this offered a great opportunity for exercise. At least I have seen prize fighters in training who split rails and chopped wood by the hour for conditioning. This was my chance to get a little exercise and at the same time be useful. I placed a large piece of wood in what I figured to be the right 'position for cutting. With great determination and vigor I gripped the axe, twisted my shoulders slightly backward and with all my strength I whirled the blade toward the stick. Celestial Explosion Well, sir, you are never too old to learn. This is the first time I ever lost an argument with a stick of wood. The flashing axe blade sank into the wood only a couple of inches away from my foot. Half of the stick flew up and cracked me on the side of the head. There I stood, completely dazed, while before my eyes danced Venus, Jupiter and Mars, studded with blink- ing stars. A lump, the size of a duck egg, soon appeared on my cranium. This was no time to admit defeat. ] was determined to chop some wood, but--with caution and profound respect for the job. I whacked awaypractically turning and running each time 1 flung the axe earthward_ What I didn't notice was my friend who had stumbled up on me and my lumberjack efforts. He broke out with a roar of laughter. He told me he had never seen such funny wood chopping before in all his life, and he thought I should get a patent on my style. Then he suggested 1 go fishing. He owned a rather large lake and told me to cha e away anybody who might try to slip in and fish it. For nearly an hour I sat in the boat waiting for my cork to bobble and no luck. Behind me and about 60 yards away, another fellow was fishing. 0 use chasing'him away-neither of us would catch any fish. In a few moments I heard the stranger yelp and turned to watch him pull in a large fish. This sort of thing had to stop. After all, I was invited to fish this lake, not him. So I pulled on my oars and soon reached him. I stood up in the boat and wrathfully began, "Say, ou !" The stranger looked up and greeted me with a quick "Hello" followed with, "Aren't you Joe Stearns? 1 read the magazine you get out, Outdoor Georgia, and J have wanted to tell you for a long time how much I have enjoyed it. I never fail to read your column. What was it you were saying?" My Pal How can you ju t cold-bloodedly chase away such a nice fellow? After all, he wasn't doing any real harm. Maybe the darn lake is over-stocked anyway. For some rea on ] just couldn't get angry with the man, 0 I said, "Oh, yes, I jut wanted to knoll' what kind of bait you are using?" Then J told him to; go right ahead fishing and wished him good luck. It was chilly that night. The heating system of the cozy home was a fire place. It i strange ind ed how you can sit before a log fire and toast ) our face while ic) chill race up and down )our pine. iy host \\anted to (Continued on Poge 19) OUTDOOR GEORGIA January 1943 Attention Fishermen! Use Your Carp! Too many fishermen have condemned the carp fish as unsuitable for the table. Some of the best authorities on food have agreed that the carp can be prepared in such a way. as to make it one of the best dishes you ever tasted. War conservation of food calls for common sense efforts_ In hopes some of our fishermen can be encouraged to look on the carp more kindly, Outdoor Georgia offers several methods for preparing the fish. Carp will play a part in the winning of this war if we will just permit. We need all the food we can get. DEEP FAT FRYING kin Ihe carp amI wash thoroughly in ~trong alt waler. Allow the fillets to remain in the lilt waler for about two hour, drain and wash in cl.ean water'. Dry with a lowel, roll in corn meal or flour. Fill frying pan with enough fat or cooking oil so fish when placed in the pan will be submerged. The fat hin:ld be very hot. Fry until golden brown.. BAKED CARP Take carp of 1 10 2 pounds; scale and clean well; rub inside and out with plenty of salt; let stand an hour or two. Wip" dry with a towel, roll in well-beaten eggs and bread crumb or meal, and bake in plenty of buller till nicely brown. 1 desired, the body cavity of the fi h may be filled with stuffing prepared the same as for stuffing turkey. A quantity of dressing may also be packed aroun~ the fish, STEWED CARP Scale and clean Ihe carp; dry wilh towel and season well with salt, pepper, and a lillie mace, which ought 10 be rubbed in Ihoroughly. Place in a sauce pan or stew keule wilh some chopped parsley, sliced onion, celery lops, and a few potaloes and canols if de~iled. Pour on sufficient waleI' to cover and let stew IIntil the flesh leaves .he bones easily. PICKLED CARP Clean the carp inside and Ollt; pi it it lite whole length; cut it in pieces; wash, and cook it in water wilh salt, pice, onions and a few bay leaves. After it is cooked let il get cold in the cooking ves el. When cold put i-fno a drainer or sieve to dry. 0\\ pick to piece, taking Ollt all bone ; mix wilh sallce consisting of Worce lershire ~allce, vinegar, oliv oil, and yellow mil tard, according to ta te, all well b aten and mixed, olive oil and vinegar being in preponderance. Serve with capers, olive, and mixed pickles. FRIED CARP 'cale and clean lhe fish and make SOllie slight incision' on both side-; if too large, cut in pieces. Wipe the fi h dr)', sprinklf' slightly with flollr, dip in beaten egg, and roll in bread .crllmb. Put tlte pieces in boiling lard, so as not to IOllch each olher. When slIflici 'nlly brown, lake tltem Ollt and iay on a hOi sieve to let the slIperAuoll fat rlln off; sprinkle with salt and lay in a hot dish \\ ilhout cover. Serve very hot. 7 SAFETY FIRST. aHJ YOU'LL LIVE 'fO HUNT AGAIN! If you want a per onal interview with St. Peter at the Pearly Gates or if you think you would look ducky perched on a cloud playing a harp, then you can ignore thi article com pletely. On the other hand, if you like your life and you want to get back home from a hunt in one piece, you might pick up a helpful hint on safety somewhere on this page. Georgia, unfortunately, has its share of hunting accident. Too many people never get around to believing a gun is a deadly weapon. You just don't rub out hunting errors with the end of a pencil-it is too often a hospital case and frequently a job for the undertaker. Even seasoned veterans mi cue. There is that single moment of careIe sness and a lifetime of regret. Prob ably" the most dangerous person out hunting is the young tel' just graduating from the BB gun age. The thought of being able to fire real hells sends him headlong in the field anxious to show his skill and unable to suppress his emotions. A flustered, thrilled youngster should not be allowed to go hunting \ ithout first learning the meaning of the word "caution. ' That is why Outdoor Georgia urges fathers to take their sons with them on hunts. It is educational and instructive for the boy and may save his life on a later hunt. It might be a splendid plan to go to your hunting grounds with this thought in mind, "I am betting my life against this g4n that I get home safely." l-H.r. i "adly how not to go hunting. lacle Cravey in front, ha. hi. gun in the right po.ition to blow lacle Jr.'. head off. liffle lack ha. his gun pointed so that if it happened to r,re his dad would take on a load of buckshot somewhere between his shoulder blades and his Southern exposure. 2-liff/e Zack and C. D. Gann (holding dog) are 100<16 wrong here. See it? They have parked their guns on the fender of a car. A slight jar and those guns will fall to earlh. One of them might go off. Don't make this error. 3-C. D. Gann lifts the shells from his gun. before placing it in the car. Never ride in a car that carries a loadecl gun. 8 4-This on is a sure-fir. way to get your nom. in th. pap.r. Probably in the obituary column. Gann has parked his gun just aver the fence and it is pointing right at him. little lack add. a double measure of danger by pointing his g un at his parlner. S-Commissioner of Natural Resources Cravey tells the hunters fa be careful that the gun barrel is not choked up with dirl. 6-This one puts II hunter out of business permanently. C. D. Gann (/eft) is ready to open fir.e at a moving target just beyond the pines. The moving target, however, is liffle lack. This has happened many times on hunting trips. Don't 'et it happen to you. (Photos by Joe Stearns). OUTDOOR GEORGIA January 1943 Georgia Minerals Flow, Hum Victory Song; State Geologists Win Wide Recognition AXI experts, in checking up and summarizing their opposition, rated the United States as relentless, aggressive and willing to fight to the last ditch. We know our enemies respect us. One of the many reasons why we are a dangerous foe is that America is made up of free men who insist and demand that their freedom be unmolested. The Axis has learned that these men are willing to fight, sacrifice and if necessary die to up hold their convictions. One such man is Captain Garland Peyton, .Director of the Division of Mines, Mining and Geology for the State of Georgia. Before thi war the Captain all but stood on. soap boxe and with -tearful eyes pleaded with Georgians to take advantage of this state's mineral resources. It was a thankless job. Then came the war. Uncle Sam asked Georgia to dig deep and produce fast-any and all strategic minerals available. Certain Georgia minerals are critically needed if America is to keep the wheels whirling that will give us the materials and tools we need to defeat and destroy our enemIes. Orders Promptly Filled Actually it took a war to make Captain Peyton's dreams come true. It is with great satisfaction that the Captain watches Georgia miners and operators not only meet Uncle am's needs b~t in many cases more than fill the order. It would seem that with Georgia minerals steadily streaming into the war machinery, Peyton would have a re t period. But such is not the ca e. More than ever, the Captain is needed here, there and this 'place and that- o TDOOR GEORGIA to pass on, assist with, recommend, su pervise and suggest in' the opening of new mineral operations. His schedule often finds him working the clock around. In years gone by, Georgia has been indeed fortunate to employ some splendid geologists. All of them have reflected credit on the state fo~ their excellent work but Captain Peyton is one of those geologists that comes along once in a' lifetime. He has earned his spurs the hard way and when the blue chips go do\ n, you can bet on him. When Peyton took over his duties with the state, the retiring Di~ector wrote a piece for the newspapers in which he tated he could leave his job with the a surance that the work had been placed in the hands of a better man. There seems to be little to add to such a statement. Sees EmA.ll Garland Peyton has a rollicking personality that has endeared him to every miner and operator in Georgia. These men know the Captain speaks with conviction and authority. They will bet on him. He is never too bus)' to see any man, be-he an humble prospector or a dirt farmer who is convinced he has discovered gold under his smoke house. Without a moment of hesitation, the Captain will force shady subjects or frauds right out into the open. People \ ho own magic wands that locate rich mines manage always to display their talents as far away from the sharp Peyton eye as possible. Captain Peyton is ably assi ted by Dr. A. S. Furcron, one of the finest geologists in America. "Doc" is a (Continued on Poge 17) Captain Garland Peyton at his desk, From his office inspiration and dreams of new mining operations have taken shope and operators have been encouraged to grasp the opportunities Georgia olfers. Your Woodland Is An " By JOSEPH C. KffiCHER R~on.1 Forester C. S. Forest Service ATTENTIO , G~orgia farmers and other preoccupied landowners! Uncle Sam needs more of that vital war timber than he is able to get from the overworked lumber industry. Timber estimators and buyers simply cannot get around rapidly enough. Public and commercial forest tracts cannot furnish all the select logs needed now for special pur~ pose war use. So down to your woodlots and wooded ravines we are heading, and it's up to you to help. Timber is needed for aircraft, for ships, for veneers, for a hundred other purposes for which normal supplies are proving increasingly inadequate. With pine and hardwoods now bringing on the stump double, in some cases triple, the usual 3 to S per thousand of two year ago, your hearty response to Lhi plea will reward you handsomely. A spurt of pa- triotism in behalf of this cause means immediate benefit to the war effort and cash in your pocketbook, or better still, war bonds. Mature Trees Needed Your country, however, does Dot want all your timber. The great demand is for your larger, finer mature trees--your best. So, there is no need to clear cut your stands, or to sacrifice your young, fast growing trees which will be needed in later years. Here is the picture in brief. Yellow poplar and sweet gum {red gum}, for example, are urgently required in large izes for aircraft tock. Black w~lnut for gunstocks is being sought -not aplings but real trees containing straight grain heart wood. Your large yellow pines for huge timber, your slo\ grown pine of den e grain for special structural members, 'your large, tall smooth oaks, gum and other hardwoods for velie r log, our be t dogwood for 'huule blockthese are but a few of the high pres- sure needs of a nation on the march to Victory. Now 'Locked Up' Millions of board feet of this kind of timber in small tracts are now These giants 01 the forest must go to war. Uncle So ful purposes in the wor effort. There is on urgent used by the United States to help speed up prod "locked up" on Georgia farm for aTJOU rea OilS. orne farmers are holding their trees for sentimental It to lees millions of board feet 01 timber to malee up the frames, forms, patterns and crib bing lor ships. It may be a PT boot or a freighter such as is shown here under construc~ tion in a Georgia shipyard. Maybe your trees will help build such a boot-it's something to thinle about. 10 OUTDOOR GEORGIA: rsenal", Sell It To Uncle SaUl NOW! reasons, others are a, altmg higher prices, while quite a few have had sad experiences with timber operators in the pa t and prefer to just keep their timber. Prices for all kinds of timber are lando\ ners just holding that 40-acre tract of big trees, because your Dad gave them to you when you took the farm over - why, just think how proud Dad would be if you sold those trees for badly needed ship timbers and put the cash into war bonds. That would be a double-barrel shot at Hitler and his mob, and you would still have a nest egg for Junior's college education. You need not be the fortunate 0\ ner of hipmast pines or giant poplars to share in this \ ood-for-' ar niovement. There are a number of 'uses in which y~ur low grade trees from stand improvements, thinnings or tops from sawlogs sales can be well used". Right now dry oak and hickory fi.rewood, cut to right size, brings 10 a cord in Atlanta. Th! is an opportunity to cut scrub hardwoods and crooked and defective pines, giving more room for young, traight trees to improve our stand and make good money at the same time. Cross Tie' Needed Tie yards and treating plants are searching far and wide for cross.ties to meet the ever increasing demand of our railroads in keeping up the trackage system which is daily performing a Herculea'n task in transporting men and materials to and from all points of the nation. Every mile of this trackage requi.res around 2,500 wooden ties, with replacements necessary on an 8 to 9-year average--a lot of wood but for.a vital service. So now is the time to look carefully over your timber land to see what it will yield for the present emergency. It is also the time to make sure that you are not ruining your forest while you are collecting that profit. If you cut properly you will have a lot of fast-growing young trees left for future profit. You must not allow any clear cutting. On the contrary, carefully elect the trees to cut: They must be taken from among the larger, older trees for high-grade material, or from (Continued on Page '8) e Sam need. wood ond more wood lor thou.and. 01 u.elent need. /I you hove tree. on your lond which can be roduction it i. your patriotic duty to .end them to war. probably higher no\ than ever before. With ceiling levels in effect on manufactured fore t products, additional ri es in prices for stumpage are doubtful. In case you are one of tho e Veneer to be u.ed making plywood which goes into airplane construction ;s peeled from poplar and gum log . Poplar and gum tree. are plentilul in Georgia . .>IA }"n"flry 1943 11 Geo"iia'8 fRock 01 fI~e8. STONE MOUNTAIN REGARDED AS EIGHTH WONDER OF WORLD! By CHA.RLES WHARTON St.JI ""ritrr I W08 an English traveler, having heard a great deal about the huge granite bulk of Stone Mountain, declared it to be artificial. Later the Paris Academy of Arts and. Sciences wrote a Georgian for a description of this architectural wonder. Such h3s been one acceptance of the largest exposed,dome of granite in the ~orld. Not only is Stone Mountain.famous as the location of the greatest memorial to the Confederacy, but its beautiful stone has built edifices in most of the major cities of the east. Its gleaming gray surface has been the pride of court buildings and chapels throughout the south. In Atlanta. the Federal Prison and Carnegie Library are constructed . of this stone which tests prove to be as durable and permanantly attractive as any in America. In street paving Stone Mountain's wealhered surface is strealeed by the adion of ro;n wafer and small amounts of iron present in the rocle. Just above the Iree tops is shown the white face of the granite quarries. which have been mined since 1845. )2 it is unex<,:elled, for it never get smooth and slippery and the uniformity of the mineral grains give it a wearing quality unsurpassed. Hotel on Top About 1815 a man by the name of Aaron Cloud settled in the little town of Griffin, and later purchased Stone Mountain. He built a hotel and a tower on top, it seems, by pulling material laboriously up the slopes by ox team. But misfortune struck his little venture, and it is claimed that a high wind in 1835 sent both structures skidding down the precipitous sides. Geologically, this amazing mass of rock has had a dubious and obscure birth which geologi ts hesitate to explain. It is thought to have once been the roots of a mountain system as high as the rockies-and none deny that it was once a hot, seething rna s thru t up beneath thousands of feet of overlying rock. There it 10\ Iy crystallized, countless years of erosion later removi.ng this protecting mantle and exposing for the world to see a 'rna 120 times larger than the mighty pyramid of Gizeh. It i estimated that the rock of tone Mountain above the surrounding soil exceed a billion and a. half tons, and the volume would fill a tring of freight car stretching two and one-half times around the world. Carvings Unfinished The pr-oject of a Confederate memorial on its steep north face has brought untold publicity to the mountain. The idea of such a gigantiC' undertaking first occurred to Mrs. Helen Plane. \\lido\ of a gallant Confederate captain who interrupted his honeymoon to organize a company of volunteers. Mrs. Plane helped create in 1916 the Stone Mountain Confederate Association and under its auspices several world-famous sculptor have tried their hands again t one of nature' colo 'al featurei:'. In order to trace the outline of the carving, Gutzon BOI'glum conceived the idea of throwing an outline of the figure by a monster projector on the face of the mountain and it wa fir t intended that an entire arm hould, be galloping over the top and down the ides. Borglum, at one time, attempted to get a lea e to build a road aero s the mountain with road-houses and dance halls along it lenoth. The present unfinished carvings repre ent the work of Augustus Lukeman. ince 1927 a mail plane beacon atop the mountain has guided hundreds of pilot safely on their way, but before that a plane did crash into the side. One would think that the barren granite area and the shallow soil of Stone Mountain couldn't do much in the way of sustaining plant and animal life, but the region not only supports abundant flora but ha many pecies that are rarel found elsewhere. About 352 kinds of plants have been listed from the decompo ed granite soil and ten are enderilic to the granite. One of th 15 oaks found there is,honored with the name of" tone Mountain Oak" (Continued on Page 17) OUTDOOR GEORGIA January 1943 FANTASTIU, DIZZY WORLD AWAITS US AFTER WE FINISH THE AXIS! BEFORE we can win this war, we probably will have wouldn't believe it. In your post-war automobile, you wiII meatless days-yes, perhaps eatless days-and even be' able to punch a button on your radio and talk back to now we are down to buttered toast and coffee for break- your home or pu h another button and talk with your of- fast, often \ ithout butter and ometirnes \ ithout coffee. fice. A mineral found right in Georgia makes this possible. Rubber is scarce and ga oline is all but taboo. Hot water Huge air transport planes will haul freight from coast bottles are being vulcanized, and where young girls once to coast. Oranges picked in California this afternoon will r chanted, "I know the best looking fellow!" they now say, "I know a fellow with four practically new tires and a 'c' card." It is true we have tightened our belts. Our wai t lines are maller. We are feeling the pinch for the duration. America is ready to go the limit. nele Sam can call his shots and we will take it and like it. We are going to win this war. It is victory first and appetites and comforts last. All good Americans feel that way. There is a reward for all sacrifices. ictory actually is reward enough, but for each of those day you didn't get all the gasoline you wanted and the morning you just shook salt and pepper on a corn shuck for your breakfast -you will be repaid a thousand times. Look What's COIning! Mter the war, you are going to ride in a new type al,ltomobile far better, safer, faster and cheaper to operate than anything you ever saw before. The car probably will be designed along the lines of a teardrop. The motor will be in the rear to keep away fumes and noise. The windshield, windows, body panels, instrument panels and even your uphol tery will come from plastics. America is well into the era of plastics and working wonders. Authorities say, as a result of the war, America has leaped ahead 15 years. This new car probably will weigh less than any car you ever rode in. Aluminum will replace steel for chassis and you will be considered a "gas ho"''' if your car doesn't get as much as 30 miles per gallon. 'Minerals no\ fighting the war will be put to use to add greatly to your comfort. Television will be perfected after the war. You will be able to buy" a piece of land, pick out your cottage this morning, and move in tomorrow. Prefabrication will make the building of homes simple and fast. Your garage might be to ed up \ ith bubble glass. Georgia MiTIRrfll Does It If I had not witnessed the ground \\ ork for this one I Tennessee Stanton. 01 Greenvi/le. S. C. admires a Georgia quartz crystal. th'e remarkable mineral that is expeded to bring new comforts and pleasures to America after the war. be erved in Georgia the next morning for breakfast. Huge, fa t flying planes will shrink this world to the smallest ize ever. It will be nothing to grab a plane in the morn- , ing and spend part of the next day in Europe. Then we mu t give credit to the helicoptt:r airplane. It i one of those things particularly urrounded with propellers. A big propeller on top will enable you to take off from your back yard, stop six blocks away and pick up a friend and motor on to work. Your friend might even say, "You can drop me off here' and step out'in his parachute. Yes, ir, it \ ill be a dizzy world as we see it from here, but just wait! After the war, I am told, the Arm Jeeps might be sold tu the public. That is \ hat I ha e always wanted-a cheap Jeep! OUTQOOR GEORGIA Janu.ary 1943 13 Early in December Nature cut loose in fury and for about 30 seconds a powerful, angry, raging wind swept through Lincolnton leaving a path of destruction. Man is helpless before the farces of Nature. One white girl and several Negroes were killed. If could have been even more tragic. Pidure number J shows what once was a house. Five people came out 01 this wreckage olive but only by a miracle. 2-Suppase this had been your hameand just before Christmas, tao. 3-Strang, sturdy pine trees were snapped in half like so many toothpicks. 4-Frank Wansley, of Elberton, mounted this I I-point buck (or Lt. William Leach, of Fort Benning. Leach bagged this beauty in the Chattahoochee National Forest. 5-Kildeer eggs in the open, yet notice how well their color blends with the ground surface. - Conservation Please WJ1D1Jff JJDBrr~ (1) Identifying birds is more difficult in the winter time because a. the cold weather inhibits visability. .:)atvage does not necessarily mean the collection of tin pans and scrap iron; on the contrary, it covers a great many thing. It definitely means, among other things, conservation of each year would be worth more than 25,000 rated at 2V~ cents per pound. Enough glycerine could be saved to make .over 3,000,000 rounds of anti aircraft shells. Save those fats! b. the birds are afraid to stir about fats. in the cold because of the lack of food. c. the males have lost the outstanding marks which their breeding plumage gives them. . d. the leaves are gone and you can't sneak as close to them. Jt might be news to a number of people that the fat salvaged from the carcass of one opossum would makc enough glycerjne to fire five 37 mm. antiaircraft shells. Odds "nd Ends- Amanita, geasters, sulphur poly. pore, puHballs, stinkhOl:ns, blusher, ink caps, ditocybe and armillaria are all members of the mu hroom and toadstool family. Always be sure you (2) Caves are formed by ground water dissolving the rock and forming underground channels which enlarge. are eating mushrooms or Gabriel might blow a tune for you on his horn, long before you want to hear it. Good caves are found only The Duck hawk is the fastest bird a. in loosely-consolidated which dissolve quickly. b. in limestone areas. c. in mountainous areas. sands in America. When power.diving in pursuit of prey, it often travels at 175 miles per hour. . . . The jack rabbit can step up to 45 miles per hour while its biggest enemy, the d. near flowing streams. coyote moves only 40 miles per hour e. where cave-men remains have been found. at tops. But-the race isn't always to the swift as the Jack rabbit-poor devil-gets tired too soon .... (3) Bats, which hibernate in caves and crevices, although they possess The prong-horned antelope is the taste t thing on legs in the Western needle-sharp teeth, rarely puncture the skin because a. most bats do not like the blood This bear was trapped in the Okefenokee Swamp. The fat from this fellow would Hemi phere. These beautiful animals speed along at 69 miles per hour when frightened and pursued. They that would issue from the wound. make enough glycerin to fire a lot of anti- can hold up at 40 miles per for a long b. holding them in hand seems to hypnotize them. c. the blood might soil their fur which they keep scrupulously clean. d. their jaws are too weak. e. they won't bite anything but insects. (4) Of the five rivers in Georgia listed below pick out the longest and the shortest a. Chattahoochee. d. Flint. b. Altamaha. e. Oconee. c. Savannah. (5) Of the six names listed below aircraft at Axis planes. Today this bear is ,0 rug. One skunk will furnish the pOll er to 8hoot four anti-tank guns. Or II ould you rather think of that as a gas at tack? It is estimated that the fats that could be salvaged by Georgia hunter c. the small deposits of copper are unusually pure. d. the numerous buzzards occasionally attack would-be collectors who venture too close to their roosting places. stretch. Their safety often depends on their speed.... The mountain lion can leap as much as 25 feet and has tremendous speed from the word "go'-' But the lion has little endurance. . . . The moose and elk are slowfooted. They are in high gear if they get up as much as 30 miles per hour. ... A cottontail rabbit was checked in snow and one of it jumps covered 160 inches. . . . The prairie dog isn-'t a dog at all but a ground squirrel. ... It i strictly against the law, Federal Law at that, to shoot ong birds. Be careful with BB guns and sling shots or you might have to pay a $500 fine or six months in three apply to a scrappy an'imal that abounds in sections of north Georgia (7) Cotton, which has practically jailor both.... Buffalo once roamed "one cropped" Georgia lands to death,. about in Georgia. Guides at the In- a. groundhog. b. chickaree. c. whistlepig. d. woodchuck. e. timberdoodle. f. marnerog. (6) Besides being a colossal rock structure (and having some of the world's finest granite) Stone Mountain is known to mineral collectors because a. gold occasionally crops out in the quartz veins. b. some minerals found there respond beautifully to fluorescent light. is grown in a. 60 of our 159 counties. b. 100 of our 138 counties. c. 155 of our 159 counties. d. 41 of our 173 counties. (8) Three of the following members of the cat family have been found in Georgia a. cougar. d. manx cat. b. bobcat. c. ocelot. e. Canada lynx. f. leopard. (Answers on Page J B) dian Mounds in Macon tell of Georgia buffalo. . . . Skunks feed on inect and grubs. Skunks also are noted a excellent mouse and rat catchers. Why, no home is complete \I ithout one.... During mating sea SOil bighorn sheep rams often face each other, back up a much as 100 feet and then, get l!P a peed of about 20 miles per hour and crash head on-. Silly isn't it? lean't think of a better recipe for fractured skulls. -J.L. OUTDOOR GEORGIA Jallltar)' 1943 15 - COURTS STA 0 BY RA GERS qe~ q~ V~ PlUf (jtJell, $h ~ ~ ~oIJaM, In 1fJ.Uu!4 RECE 11' fio-ures compiled by Ed Wall, upervisor of tate Rangers, reveal that the Divi ion of Wildlife's men in the field have made a total of 727 case between Januar 15th. 1941, and December 31st, 1942. Conviction were tabulated at 354. with the violator paying fine which totaled well over '6 000. The batting average for the Rangers stand at 4.3.7'/{. For the two years previous to thi , 1,746 cases were made with 601 convictions, re ulting in a batting aver- age of only 34.3 Yo. Arthur Wilson, District Ranger at Valdosta, delivered this beautiful turkey to a hospital at Valdosta. The turkey was illegally killed and the violators were arrested. Wilson has a splendid record as a wildlife ranger and has won the respect of all sportsmen in his territory. The 42.7'/(; averao-e i the b t ill the past decade. It is the re ult of cooperation bet we n the Division of Wildlife and th courts.Th fines ranged from 1 to 100. Rangers made only those ca e \I hich would stick. Eugene Futch, Ranger at Hichmond Hill, chased two fire hunters several miles. The fire hunters in de peration, ran their car off the road and attempted to hide it in the wood. The car hit a tree -tump and was damaged. Futch recovered two de~r \I hich had been brutally slaughtered by the fire h':lnters. The men paid stiff fines for their violations. The fire hunter is the illegal operator who slips into the ,ood during the night and blinds deer \I ith a bright light. This enable him to walk up very clo e to the animal and slay it. Every type of violation, including netting, fi h traps, illeo-al shipping of fur. fishing and hunting without proper licen e and killing ,same out of ea on, is included in the 354 ca es. Our State Rangers have been busy. The proof i in the record. The Divi ion of Wildlife make no claim to catching all o[ the violators. We will all ay have the poor with u and by the ame token wc will always have violators. One thing certain, 354 Georgian who \I ere taken to court will vouch f r the work of the Rang r . There definitely i omething to the old ~ ing- 'It i ch aper to buy a Iiense than to pay a fine." Ranger \I ho have been out landing in their , ork include: J. . Autry, Fulton County; Luk Chester, Chattahoochee Management Area; D. C. Pari, Cedartown; Arthur Wil on. aldo ta; W. R. Perkin, Mt. Zion; John Caldwell, Lexington' Frank Thornton, Athens; Jerry Bond Bogart; C. L. Harrell, Wa cross; M. P. Phillip, Riceboro, and man) ther. Georgia's game protector are profu e in their praise for the cooperation extended them by courts and judge. The Rallger can onl) brillo- in the violator-it is the court thalmu t administer the "cure". 16 OUTDOOR GEORGIA January 1943 (Continued from Page 9) human d) nal110 with a large appetite [or olid, hard Ilork. ext to a good cigar, Doc likes nothing better than to plow hi Ilay over rough terrain and explore new mineral po ibilitie. Fureron i by no mean an average man. He is little short of a wizard Ilhen it come to taking technical.ubjects apart and laying the simplr pieces down right before your eyes. Doctor IQ One day a man brought in a salanUlllder for identification. 'Doc" opened up. The fellow Ii tened. hijaIl hanging dol' n a yard while "Doc" poured it on. The a tonish d man wandered down the hall staring at hi salamander and muttering omething about diso aur and uch. ]f ),ou e er dig dOI\n a hundred feet or 0 and come aero omething that has 16 legs, a rubber hat, red and green eyes and shoots roman candle out of its ars-bring it to "Doc," he will not only identify it but I ill give you the name and addre o[ it neare t relative. "Doc" taught college e\- Add this mine to the long list of new operations to spring to lif. in Georgia as a result of the Captain Peyton-Dr. Furcron combination. This mine neor Lincolnton ;s turning out precious and strategic manganese. eral years before getting to field work. Hi teel trap mind never mi ses a trick. What tanIe) was to Livingston and what Tinkers, Evers and Chance were to baseball-Garland Peyton and "Doc" Furcron are to geoiogy and mining in Georgia.-J. S. GEORGIAS RO~K OF AGES ... (Continued from Page 12) and 13 varietie of fern clothe the loam)' cove and gullie on the broad and sloping flanks. The ro k abound in lichens and one 'an find the oft ab orbent phagnum moss abundant in nearby pond. T\\ 0 splendid lakes on the south side are u ed 0) migratin cy waterfol\ I and th mature growth of lobloll) and shortleaf pine are constantly alive with cloud of mall warblers. In the rainwater pools, even high on the sid s. you can find tiny, translucent, shrimp-like crustacea. Stone Mountain contains roughly twenty billion cubic feet of granite. A geodetic survey marlcer on top maries an altitude of J686 feet. Although it is a difficult feat to get a cor on top, severol races to the summit hove been held, and once on old flivver was actually driven off the steep side. OUTDOOR GEORGIA January 19/13 Curious looking mole crickets chirp from beneath the shallow turf. It is not unusual 10 run across the walking stick insect or a mo colored grasshopper, one that occurs onIon rock outcroppings. As unique as the plant and animal life are the 14 cold, pure springs that surround the bos each gu hing forth water that is unusually radioactive-water that has been subjected to radium rays. Wherc\"el there is a collection of fluorescent minerals, minerals that "low wh n subjected to special rays, you can almo t invariably expect fo find a piece of Stone Mountain granite, for a substance on the surface of this stone glows with dazzling and unbelievable brilliance. This magic material i known a hyalite, a variety of opal that every collector seek. Hyalite and yellow uranophane, an ore of radium, occur in cfacks in the granite. Numerous crevice in the massive mountain are filled with a sub stance knol n as pegmatite in which occurs quartz and hiny black pencil-like crystals of tourmaline. Even small garnet are there to reward the diligent collector. tone Mountain is fascinating. Thousands of people drive to the mountain and from the highway gaze in awe and upturned face at the mighty time-worn cliff and man's puny whittlings thereon. But no one can fully appreciate thi majestic structure from afar its earth-shaking origin, the truggle of many living things to eke out an existence from rock and rain water. It i like trying to read a book held at arm's length. Get clo e to Stone Mountain and hare its many secret. Jature hows you a new, enthralling world of its own-on a monolith of stone that people have called the eighth wonder of the world. 17 Trees Make War Weapons- (Co"'inued from Poge J J) among the mall one that hould bf' cut to thin the _tand or tho e that ar crooked or df'fective. Then you I\ped onion. cup ce~er)'. finely cut. I teaspoon thyme or savory seasoning. H. E. was on the first convoy to leave American shores shortly after lough. Minchew just had to get on orne water, so he went fishing in 6 tablespoons melted butter. =" teaspoon salt. ~ teaspoon pepper. we entered the war. He can tell you beautiful' Laura . Walker late Park. Couk the celery and onion for a few stories of the sea that will live vividly in your memory for years. Our Georgia sailor has felt the swing of lake and proudly exhibits his catch. But, H. E., how can you smile so over that string-and after you have seen the monsters of the briny blue? minlltes in the bllller. Mix the other in gredients and add to the bllller mixture. Remove the head and tail of the fish if yOIl choose. plit the fish down the belly, being careful not to Cllt the roe. Remove There mu t be something about fresh the backbone, if desired. Wipe the fish water fi hing that gets 'em. with a damJl cloth, alt it inside and out, and let tand about 10 minutes to absorb the all. Preheat the oven to 500 F. tuff - ". e~ 'e"" '1Ip! the fi h and sew with string to retain the dre ing. Place it on a grea,ed rack in a baking pan and prinkle the top wilh melt- Meet Wilfred T. eill, Jr., of Au- ed bllller. Bake at the high temperature gusta, who write from hi camp near for 10 minules; then lower the heat at 400 F. and cook 20 to 30 min lites longer. the We t Coast, that he i ready to go erve al once. abload now to clean up the Axis and send along this picture as proof FISH TIMBALES that he has the weapons to do the 2 cups flaked cooked or can ned fish 2 tablespoons butter or other fat. job. 2 tablespoons flour. t cup milk. In a more serious light, we will 2 eggs. hear more of thi young man before the war i done. Wilfred is the type of 1 tablespoon lemon juice. 1 tablespoon chopped parsley. 1 teaspoon minced onion. SaIt to taste. soldier America is proud to have as a representative of this country. dd the lemon juice to the Ii h. Prepare a alice of the fat, Aour, and milk. tir in Whatever the job--excusing the the beaten egO's, fi h, onion, parsley, and -. salt. POllr the mixture into well-greased custard ClipS and bake in a pan of hot H. E. MINCHEW (Continued on Page 12) the warships as they plowed through enemy waters. He has stood by his gun ready for action hours on end. There \ ere times when he would lean over the life line and watch por- poises leap in and out of salt waves and ripples. His visits to foreign ports \ ould read something like those brightly colored booklets we received years ago from the steamship com- - .. panie dangling a world cruise before us as a lure. ... Oddly enough, it isn't seasickness that annoys' Minchew. He just yearns for a hunting trip and he i a crackshot. It would seem strange that a man \ ho has traveled 500,000 miles on the ocean is content with a few dozen acres down in Waycross wh~re he can hunt or fish. Well sir, not lono- ao-o MincJ1e\\ talked the avy out of a well-earned furlough. He lit out for Waycross. The folks back home were mighty OUTDOOR GEORGIA April 1943 WilfRED T. NEill, JR. tool in the picture-Wilfred is certain to do it well. eill would fit like a glove in commando activities. He moves about in the woods s'ilently and swiftly and few thiJllg move that do not aet the attention of his keen eyes. Wilfred ranks among the leading herpetologist in the outh. He has coIlected snakes-yes-live one for a long time and had a splendid coIlection before he turned his attention to Army life. The Augu ta youngster has won the admiration of all with whom he has been a sociated. Hi hobbies and talents are many. He is somewhat of a naturalist and has devoted con 8iderable time to the study of birds and their habit. If it is Outdool life, count Wilfred in. Good luck, feIlo\\', and hurry home. 9 - 'JI0M4 e~ 'k/~ 'lftu4 dJ.M Other con er ation minded individual a well as organizations took an interest in the vanishing wan. The Education Committee of the SO Fore tfire Commission headed by Dr. Gail Carver, of How would you like to shoot your gun into this family reunion? Can't you iust see thot roost duck dinner? These ore convas~ bocks leeding on wild rice. Sights such as this are mode possible by adherence to strict rules 01 conservation. Thanks to the patience and tireless effort 01 the U. S. Fish & Wildlile Service we may see sights such as this lor years to come. (Photo by H. W. Worcbester.) Flight's end. This mallard is a victim 01 botulism which is known as a blitzkrieg in the leathered world. It strikes quickly and with deadly effect. This poor mallard is in the final stages. Stricken birds, like this one, are prostrate, respiration is. slow and leeble and the heart aelion is weak. Another example 01 why we so des- perately need conservation and reluges. (Photo by Alex Wetmore.) Mercer, and Profe sor W. L. haddix, of the same organization, actively supported the new and effective propagation plan for the "trumpeteer" and "whistler" swans. These magnificent birds have been reported to visit Georgia. They have been seen in the Okefenokee wamp and along the coastal line near Brunswick. Sport men are warned to be careful not to kill them. These swan are from 4 to 5 feet in length and now white. Do not confu e them with the sno\\ goose or the Canadian honker. Farm bo have dropped their rakes, hunters have been pellb~und, portsmen, naturalist and conservationi t tilt their heads back to hear the thrilling whi tie of the '" hi tier swan" or the inspiring call of the 'trumpeteer" swan in flight. Little wonder they ha e been appropriately named "sky orche tra ". To best understand hOI Government and tate agencle are able to pump new blood into a dimini h- (Continued on Page 17) So what? There he stands out in all that cold weather dressed in nothing but a lew leathers. It is enough to make anybody look like that. He is a wild whistling !wan and it took on electrically controlled camero to get this picture. Not that this bird wouldn't appreciate the publicity, he iust isn't accustomed to cameros clicking. (Photo by E. R. Quortrup.) OllTDOOR GEORGIA May 1943 11 While this brown woter snolee is harm'e.., he isn't anything you wou'd want the chi'dren to p'ay with. 'n fact, he isn't anything the ma;ority of us wou'd care to have for a pet. (Photo by Ed Friend.) ' OT MAl Y of us care a tinkers-(censoredl-if cerN tain snakes are considered as persecuted, but some of the authorities are of the opinion that Georgia's brown water snake should be permitted to survive. The top picture is the true brown water snake. The experts say his biggest crime is that he resembles the water moccasin. Thousands of these harmless brown water snakes are killed annually by people who shoot first and ask no questions later. Both snakes live in or near the water. They both like swampy places. The brown water snake will bite-make no mistake about that. Some of them are easily captured while others put up a whale of a fight. An easy way to catch the brown water snake is to get in a boat, look on tree limbs that lean out over the water along some river bank and you are bound to see one. Paddle quietly up to the snake as he suns and. sleeps on the limb. ow, suddenly reach out and grab him by the tail. He will wiggle and squirm and put up an awful scrap for a minute or two. Then you slip him in a sack, That is all there is to it except to go have your head examined. The cottonmouth isn't particularly a vicious fighter but he i dangerous. His bite can be fatal. Experts catch him, goodness knows why, by use of a forked stick or any kind of stick which is placed just back of his head. Once pinned down, the expert slips his hand back of the snake's head, lifts him up and quickly stuffs him in a sack. Just watch ) Georgia's true coHonmouth water moccasin is easily identified. Simp'y 'oole at his mouth and it 'ooles 'ilee coHon-un'e.. you ;usf don't care to wait around for him to open it. (Photo by Char'ie Wharton.) 12 'kJe/J, M~! one of these operations and almost immediately you will find yourself in fuU possession of a swell case of insomnia and the jitters. This also is proof your mama houldn't let you out of her sight. The brown water snake eats frogs, diseased or sick fish and an occasional mouse or rat. He is said to be a great help in keeping our rivers and streams free of undesirable fish. Study these pictures. ote the brown water snake's eyes are like beads and stick up almost on top of his head. The cottonmouth is slant-eyed with more or less a fiat topped head. If it is any news-both of them can bite under water. As one fellow remarked-anything I don't understand, I have nothing but contempt for it and-I don't understand snakes.-Amen! q~ .e~ 'Cm ~/l, . .. Millions of Dollars Pour Into State As Result of Naval Stores Operations T HOSE thousands of beautiful pine trees we see from the highway as we spin along down in South Georgia are not just magnificient, stately trees-they represent industry. Our piney woods produce brings into the state an annual income of some $l<,?,OOO,OOO. Georgia is the leading state in America in naval stores and produces 57% of the total output. We get an idea of the importance of this pine tree industry when it is considered the amount of money naval s~ores landowners, operators and laborers spend in our villages, towns and cities throughout the state. Savannah is the largest naval stores port in America and it takes thousands of dollars daily to keep up the payrolls of this important industry. Large quantities of rosin and turpentine are used in the war effort. They are used in the manufacture of paper, soaps, varnishes, paint, greases, waterproofing compound shoe polishes, sealing waxes, synthetic camphor, explosives, fireworks, medicines and even in flamethrowers. As the world's leading producer of naval stores, Georgia plays a most important part in the war. The U. S. Department of Agriculture wants an increase in production of aval tores but labor shortages and men being inducted into the armed services has worked hardships on the industry. Fresh from South Georgio pine trees, this crude gum, is being shifted from one of the retoining pits in 0 modern turpentine still ot Voldosto. This gum will be distilled and converted into turpentine and rosin. (U. S. Forest Service photos.) Georgia has established large central stills and up-todate plants which purchase crude gum from 'turpentine fa~mers'. These places also encourage the small landowners to work their trees and sell their gum as a contribution to the war effort. We readily recognize the great importance of a continued flow of gum. This can be made possible only if all of us cooperate in keeping down forest fires. Each large fire in our woodlands cuts off an avenue of supply of a vital war essential to our government. The State Division of Forestry stands guard over many thousands of acres of splendid pine trees. The State 'also is working constantly to promote country fire protection units. Todeliberately set fire to our woods is purely and simply sabotage. According to records compiled by the Georgia DivisiolJ of Forestry, our own people in 1941 were responsible for burning over 3 million acres of woodlands with an estimated damage of about five million dollars in timber resources alone. We realize that in this war against the Axis, the chips are down and we are playing for keeps. Georgia can ill afford to have destruction such as a forest fire can cause. Don't hesitate to grab a pine top and beat out any small fire you see in our woods. You are patriotic in a deed of this type and a -slacker if yo,u permit it to ravish our valuable trees so desperately needed in the war. A tonic car is being filled with turpentine at Valdosta. The huge tonics in the baclcground are reservoirs for turpentine which is shipped to points in all parts of America. The turpentine business i,. Georgia is another of this state's many million dollar industries. CD J -Hitler wouldn't like these Canadian geese. They form a V ... for victory. They are on their way to mating grounds. Grocefut beautiful birds, these Canadian geese ore strong of wing and insist on spending their time in climates tho I suil them. This photo was snapped neor Augusta. 2-Near Tybee. these herons find it comfortable and safe to get acquainted in tree tops. 3-America's Bald Eagle finds a haven in Georqia. This young Bald Eagle lives under the protecting arm of the U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service on a refuge at Blackbeard Island. A few days after this picture was snapped. the young eagle left his nest and began learning all of the tricks an eagle must know if he is to keep up a steady diet. These large birds are able to dive down on an Osprey that has a fish in its talons and make the Osprey turn the fish loose. Then the eagle will sharply and quickly swing down to catch the fish before it hits tl'e ground. (All photos by Ed Friend.) (Continued from Page 3) lhe interesl of Geoq~ia hunters and fishermen. Department Policies 1. The policies of the department shall be established for the I?;ood of the state and the sportsmen of the state as a whole and not for the benefit of any person, group or section within the state. 2. The programs set up shall be long range programs for the primary purpose of building and maintainin1; an adequate and balanced game supply for the hunters, fishermen, farmers and landowners of the state. as well as for the visitors to the state. 3. The department itself shall be set up and maintained on a merit basis, for the continuous improvement of the organization and the personnel of the organization. 4. The commission and department will work with other state agencies, all governmental agencies, and all organizations toward the recognition of Georgia among all sportsmen every' here as the top-ranking stale of the nation in huntinl?; and fishing. 5. The commission and department will work to build back both the commercial and sport fishing on the Georl?;ia coast, so that Georgia may again assume its rightful place among the leading states of the United tates in the production ,)f salt water sport fishing and commercial sea food. -U:I,L' , _T..H....--RISE_C.I..OI..P..E..T..H...'..S. _ STEAKS OR FILLETS 3 )loun,t. fish steaks or fiillets, 'Ii CU)l melted fat. 2 tablespoons lemon juice. ~~ cup finely chopped parsley. 1 teaspoon minced onion. Salt, Wipe the fish, remove any bones, and CIII into pieces 01 Ihe size oesired for serving. Salt each piece on both sides and lei tand to absorb the salt. To Ihe melled lat, add the lemon jllice and minced onion. Dip each piece 01 fish inlo this mixtllre; place them in a greased, shallow baking dish; and pollr the rest of the fat over Ihem, Bake in a moderate oven, 350 0 to 375 0 F., about 25 minutes. Jf nol sllllicienlly browned, place IInoer Ihe flame 01 the broiling oven. Sprinkle the parsley (lver the fi h and serve from Ihe baking dish. Fillets or pan-dressr1 fish may al 0 be baked wilh a mall amullnl 01 fi h or meat stuck, or milk in Ihe bottom of the open baking pan. Chopped onion, celery, or green pepper may be added if desired. The seasoning is added hI the sluck or milk. Bake in a moderale oven, 3500 to 375 0 F" IIntil tender. A modificatiun is to pan-bake the fi h in ,tock or milk in a covered, heavy cast-metal skillet on the top uf the slove~ OUR NEW FISH REGULATIONS The following fish shall be deemed game fish and the designated size and creel limit enforced: Number allowed ea~h Name of Fish Size Limit fisherman per day Rockfish or striped bass 12 inches 10 Large-mouth black bass 12 inches 10 Small-mouth black bass 12 inches 10 Rock bass 5 inches 10 Kentucky or red e,'e bass 8 inches 10 Bream 5 inches 25 Perch 5 inches 25 Crappie 7 inches 15 Jackfish or eastern pickerel 12 inches 15 Wall-eyed pike 12, inches 3 Muskallunge 15 inches 2 Brook trout 7 inches 10 Rainbow trout 7 inches 10 Brown trout 7 inches 10 Redbreast 5 inches 25 o person may pos e s more than 30 fish in the aggregate 01 all species. o more than 10 bass of' any or all species in the ,aggregale can be taken in one day. o more than 10 trout 01 any or all species in the aggregale can be taken in une day. There shall be no sale 01 the following game fish: Rockfish or slriped bass, large-mollth' black bass, small-mollth black bass, rock bass, Kentllcky or red-eye bass, crappie, jackfish ur eastern pickerel, wall-eyed pike, mu kallunge, brook trullt, rainbow Irout, brown trolll, redbreast. Thes are in addilion to the laws pruhibilinj! the use .. I seines, Iraps, cxplo'ivcs, and all other laws now in effect. OUTDOOR GEORGIA ~fay 194;J The MAIL ~ BOX CHICAGO HERALD-AMERICAN Evening and Sunday ~Ir. Joe Slearns, Editor, ., Olltdoor Georgia, 414 tate Capitol, Atlanta, Ga. March 23, 1943. Dear Joe: Just a word abollt your Outdoor Georgia. We certainly appreciate having it sent liS, for' both Art Swanson-our oUldoor editor-and J find it full of the most lascinating material. The March issue of yours is a peach, bOlh from content and photographic standpoints. I don'l know how extensive your circulation may be, bUI it certainly has sllcceeded up here in selling us on Georgia, and I can't see how it can lail to accomplish Ihe same objeetive wherever it hits. With best. wishes, I remain, LEO FISCHER, Sports Editor, THE STA WORD U IVERSITY LIBRARIES STA FORD UNIVER'tTY CALIFORNtA OFFICI: OF THE DIRECTOR March 29, 1943. Mr. J. L. Slearn , Editor Ollidoor Georgia 414 State Capilol Allanla, Georgia. Dear lr. Stearns: This is to renew our subscriplion to Ol.'TDOOR GEORGIA for an additional fiheen months. This has been 10llnd to be a very uselul publication. I am sure that Calilornia read ers particularly enjoy reading aboul the natural resources 01 Georgia as presented in your interesting journal. Sincerely yollrs, V: L 1 NATHA VA PATH:, Direct.or. fro J, L. SI aros, Ollldoor Georgia, 414 Stat.e Capilol, Atlauta, Georgia. Dear Mr. St.earns: I am very glad t.o renew my subscription to 0 TDOOR GEORGIA for another year. I have been reading your magazine carelully and enjoying it. I remember very pleasantly your visit to HAPP' 'SO in Rabun County. If at any time yOIl wanl 10 get some pictures 01 my cabin and fi h rearing ponds, I'll be glad il you will come 10 see me orne time dllring the ummer. We plan to be there the early part of J line and will remain until some time in October. \{ you plan to be in thai section, please drop me a note, as I should like to be there. Wilh every good wish, LMH-mw Cordially yours, Lee 1\1. Happ 15 I could. After all, I couldn't tell him I had been interviewing a frog. He wouldn't believe me and then tooI didn't w~nt that guy sticking a gig in me. .eetUJe *** e~ ";"~'~"",."""" ""-"i""~'~ GAME IN f)b~~ .:' OUTDOOR GEORGIA BECK & GREGG HARDWARE COMPANY WHOLESALE HAROWARE ATLANTA. GEORGIA lun Editor OllToOOR GEOIlGIA 414 State Capitol Allaula, Georgia 2, 1943 Dear Editor: Your editorial in the May issue relative to tht" rationing of shells was read with very much intere t an I J heartily concur in the thoughls suggested by you. If all the ammunition in the po session of tlU' con umer i. equally di tributed it would be much more than needed to go around. You might be interested in knowing that in the pa I even months \\e have been distributing ammunition for the government to certain eligible u 'ers and have handled quite a lot of both hell and cartridgt"s for Ihe e various u er who are as follows: Law Enforcement Agencies Defense Plants Special Guards Farmers A farmer, if he actually neeus it, is eligible for 25 .12 gauge hell and 100 .22 cartridge each quarter and we have probably handled during t.he month of May 5,000 or more applications from the farm ers. We t.hought perhap you might. be in terested in knowing that there wa .some ammunition available for the farmer for pest and rodent. control for their growing crpps. Best regards, Sincerely yours, WMH:1b W. M. HUIE Ass't. Mgr. Purchase & Sales Beck & Gregg Hardware Co. May 29,1943 Editor Oll1'oOOII GEOIICIA 414 St.ate Ca'pitol Atlanta, Georgia Dear Editor: Your' May issue of OU1'oOOII GEOIlCIA has' come to my desk as a breath of fresh ai.r taking me for a few moments as an armchair explorer again out into the great outdoors, Your choice of pictures has always mer ited admiration and I am sure brings to us all a keener'appreciation of nature's harmony and beauty. May your future as Editor of thi inter esting magazine point as straight to the mark of better living as do the Canadian geese in your V ... for victory picture and Hitler soon take the place of the mallard in thlit picture called, "Flight's end." Jn appreciation, B. C. GAllO Ell, Judge Court of Appeals. REMINGTON ARMS COMPANY. INC. MANUFACTURERS OF SPORTING FIREARMS. AMMUNITION TRAPS TARGETS BRIDGEPORT. CONN. Editor 0111'0001l G~;OIlCIA G('orgia Gamc 81 Fi h Commission Atlauta, Georgia Dear Editor: Allow me to congratulate you on 0 1'llOOIl GEOIICIA. It is a plendid little magazine and erving a fine purpose. I am taking the liberty of placing ynu on my list for the RemingtlJn ews Ll:tter and I am en- Insing a copy of Ihe cur~enl is ue. I hopf' you will he ahle to find something of intert'st in it frorn time to time. I also hope t.hal you" ill allo" me to quole from OlJ1'oOOIl GEOIICIA occasionally. If I can be of service to you at any timc, please don't hesitate to call on me. incerely yours, HENIlY P. DAVIS UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE L1BRAR'y ATLANTA BRANCH 914 GLENN BUILDING ATLANTA. GEORGIA Editor 0111'00011 GEOIlCIA Georgia Game & Fi,sh Commissiun 414 tat.e Capitol At.lanta, Georgia Dear Editor: II will be appreciated if you will end us t.he following issues of 0 TOOOIl GEOIlCIA, to complete t.he library file: August 1942. ovember 1942. and January 1943. If you have i ued an index to past issues, a copy would be useful. We wish to thank yo'u for keeping our name on the mailing list for Oll1'oOOII GEOIlCIA. We find it. useful in }'derence work on wildlife and natur study in Geor gia, frequent.ly referring to it for photo graphs. Incidentally, it may interest you to know that t.he library's copy is rout.ed t-o ix Department of Agriculture offices in Georgia and orth Carolina, who have reo quest.ed this service. Sincerely yours, RACHEL P. LANE, Librarian. HELP WANTED! Last year we received a dollar for a year of Outdoor Georgia 'from Mr. William Langer, 412 W. Central (Street or Avenue). We want Mr. Langer to receive his magazine but we don't know where to send it. Someone please tell us where' Mr. Langer lives. YOUR FOREST (Continued from Page 6; \I here it is practiced correctly. They can prove it, too. Came Birds Depart Quail and other game hirds disappear from' foies~s which are protected Ir0111 fire year aIter year. The rough grows so th ick that it chokes out all the weeds which provide seed for bird. This rough also harbors rats and other rodent which eat quail and turkey eggs. It is true that thi burning destroys )oung seedling Ilhich Ilouid take the place of the older timber which grows to maturity and become ripe for the ax. And at the same time it eliminates the competition of heavy growth on the forest Aoor, II hich takes much moisture and food out oI the soil. Heavily cut over land is the finest forage ground in the world for deer. In Pennsylvania, where the' kill of deer each year exceeds that of any other state, the increase of deer herds came during tho e years after the Keystone tate had practically heen. Wiped clean of its timber. The range was open, prouts were heavy, and deer forage plentiful. . Case in Point One year on Isle Royale, in Lake uperior, the moo e wer~ starving. Many of them were trapped and moved to the mainland to save them. That year a fire burned over almost one-third of the entire island. Before the winter snows set in, leaves had sprouted throughout the burned area. 1t was excellent forage and saved the moose herds. However, it was hard on the forests. Forestry and game management can be practiced together. But there is a happy medium for both. Each tract must be studied and the proper decisions made as to where the forestry practices must end and game management begin. Only then can a successful crop of trees and game be grown on the same piece oI land. Suggested methods may be secured by writing your State Department of Forestry, State Capitol, Atlanta, Ga. FOREST JOKERS The trees are teasing me today Because my leaves fall off to stay. While theirs come back bright, fresh and new As everybody's ought to do. -Wightman F. Melton 12 OUTDOOR GEORGIA June 1943 J -Truly a sight 01 beauty. "is a dove on its nest. The dove, o game bird, comei: under the regulations governing migratory lowland the season is sef by the U. ~. Fish and Wildlife Service in cooperation with state officio Is-. It;s 0 beautiful bird, grace- ful in !light and lost on the wing. (Photo by Ed Friend.) 2-This isn't a figment 01 imagination nor a bod dream resulting Irom over.indulgence. It ;s a Canadian porcupine and Georgia isn't unhappy that he is not a resident 01 this state. In some places he is protected. A great mony discussions hove toleen place as to the good and evil of the porcupine. look at his operation on the bark 01 this small tree. Note Ihe chisel-like teeth and the claws with which he has 10 work. 3-An old, old Iriend 'he sand hill crone. This bird has been foce-to-Ioce with extinction lor a good many years but thonles to Government refuge work, he ;s holding his own. (U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service photos.) Also Fish Bait, and Enriches Your .Soil; What Is It? The Lowly Earthworm! 'Ti often aid, "The early bird cat hethe worm." But cientific data reveal that thi unfortunate worm i one that over tayed hi leave on the surface of the earth. Most people \ ould say, "Well, who wants a worm anyway?" Actually the 10\ Iy earthworm, if all the facts of the ca ewer.: revealed, would take its place a one of man's be t friends. Thou ~nds of man-hours have heen spent near mu h)', damp earth digging for \ ig. gler~, since few fishing trip \ ould be suc cessful without them. Hundreds of I pes of fi h bait have been praised and exploited, but the earthworm still rules the favorite. Acts llS Plow The earthworm abound in all parts of the globe. It i not to be loathed but rather looked on with a touch of s mpathy and thankfulnes for it pre ence. There i no way of estimating the amount of good it does. It act a a plow since it b~rro\\ into the earth, either hy parting the soil to make way for its slithering bod or, more simply, by eating the soil as it moves along. 14 By it method of na igation. it dig countle s holes which admit \1 aler and oxygen into the soil and what two elements are more vital to rich soil? The earthworm has no teeth or jaws. The mouth has the action of a suction pump, drawing food down into a gizzard that rubs and crushes the food into fine powder before returning it into the soil. In brief, the earthworm pulverizes the earth, levels it and thereby. is e tabli hed a a friend of the farmer and the gardener. Con ider the plight of the crawling crea . ture. It i blind and ha no ears. It visits the surface only at night or when a heav rain washes it -to the sur- face, where it attempt to escape suffocation; since the rain reduces a certain amount of oxygen in the land. There in its subterranean home it drives its way for- ward in devious paths. It has no social qualities nor as- pects except with an occasional meeting of one of its own ilk. All earthworms are the combination of male and fe- male. It is able to make only a faint noise, this coming from the snapping of its mouth together. It lays its eggs in the spring. When new earthworms are hatched, they at once begin to shift for themselves. What other youngsters have the vicis itude of life so suddenly thrust upon them? Occasionally and almost exclusively at night the earth- \ orm will come to the urfllce \\ here it eeks stra bits of vegetable ~atter or leave which are taken into its bur- row as a "piece de resistance". Once again this vitalizes the soil. A.voids Light The wigglers are acutely sen itive to light. It seems to have developed an a tonishing en e of the approach of danger. 0 much as a foot tep will find the earth, orm snapping together like an extended rubber band suddenly released. They pend the winter deep in their under ground homes. Man people advance the theory that when an earthworm is cut in half, it will live and soon (Continued on Poge 17) OUTDOOR GEORGIA Jun.e 1943 RANGER ARTHUR WOODY. .fUJeJ. .Jo. gee qaH14 ~ dJ.uh ~1IUH4 etUHe , robbers and blackguards allWith a whispered word and averted stare Vanished and left him standing there. "Who was he?" I asked as they turned and fled. "He poisoned his neighbor's dog," they said. II g~ 01