~ Jc, G 1956 ut:4-~~ IJNIVEHM fY OF .c.:&--..___ GEORGIA FORESTRY Editorial Macon Extends Welcome To Forestry Commission (From the Nacon Telegraph) That the Georgia Forestry Commission has opened Its headquarters in Macon is a source of pride to all Middle Georgia, and The Telegraph joins the City of Macon and the surrounding areas in offering a hearty welc orne to the personnel. Georgia has shown remarkable progress in all forms of forestry management during the past decade, fire prevention and control, woodland management, education, reforestation and research. The Forestry Commission and Director Guyton DeLoach are to be congratulated on that progress. Forestry accounts for more than $750 million a year in Georgia's economy and the future promises a great deal more, as additional forest products industries move into the stat e. The forest potential is double the present production and the state's leading crop, trees, may easily develop into a multi-bill i on dollar industry. It is fitting the Georgia Forestry Commission has set up headquarters here. Macon is basically a retai 1ing and distribution center with forest industries providing a solid core of established industries. And tree farming throughout Middle Georgia provides sustenance for the industries. Vol. 9 GEORGIA FORESTRY November, 1956 Published Monthly by the GEORGIA FORESTHY COMl\IISSIO~, Box 1I35 l\lacon, Georgia Guyton DeLoach, Director ~o. II Members, Board of Commissioners: John M. McElrath, Chairman Sam H. Morgan .__ _______ Savannah c. -M. Jordan, Jr._______ __ _____ Macon Alamo Oscar S. Garrison _____________ Homer H. 0. Cummings ______ Donalsonville Georgia Forestry is entered as second class matter at the Post Office under the Act of August 24, 1912. Member of the Georgia Press Association. EDITOR _ . James C. Turner, Jr. ASSOCIATE EDITORS STAFF ARTIST _ Bill Kellam, Joe Kovach, J eanette Jackson _ ____ __ ___ Dan Voss * DISTRICT OFFICES, GEORGIA FORESTRY COl\ll\IISSION: DISTRICT !-Route 2, Statesboro DISTRICT VI-P. 0. Box 505, l\lilledgeville DISTRICT li-P. 0. Box 26, DISTRICT VII-Route 1, Camilla Rome DISTRICT III-P. 0. Box 169, Americus DISTRICT VIII-P. 0. Box 1160, Waycross DISTRIC1' IV-P. 0. Box 333, Newnan DISTRICT IX-P. 0. Box 416, Gainesville DISTRICT V-P. 0. Box 328, McRae DISTRICT X-Route 3, Washington Careless Auto Drivers Cause Forest Fires (From the Atlanta Constitution) There was a time when the s team locomotive, puffing smoke and a lot of sparks, was a prime hazard to the forests during the fire season. Now that steam has given way to oil, the automobile on the highway has taken the place of the locomotive as the source of the spark s which cause fire in the woods. However, it's not the car that blows its stack, it's the driver. He knocks out his pipe against the side of the door or he nonchalantly throws throw s a lighted fag from the window. He is care less with mate hes. The flame catches in the dry grass at the roads ide. It heads for woods. Another forest fire layswaste acres of va luable timber. That's why Georgia fore s ters are throwing out a special warning this time of the year. As the sap stops rising, the fire danger climbs. Use that dashboard ashtray, the forestry people advise. Every time you use it as a depository for the pipe ashes, for that cigarette or cigar b utt , you have reduced th e threat of fir.e in the woods. At this rim e of yea r , Geo rg ia 's wood lands are a c h allenge to any arris r. Na ture's paint brush strokes the ~tare's fores t s and as a r esu lr , the fini shed product is a beautiful sight to behold. As this month's cover depicts , this is the season that brings out the desire to rake one's dog and go f or a stroll in the woods. And if there's wi ld game in sight, all the better. Neverthe less, the our-of-door art showroom seems to beckon hundreds every fall season- \\hile the setting is picturesque, it a l so ser ves to provide she lter and food for .,..;Jdlife. The color,too, is a shield for the forest creatures. Georgia also dra\\S a lar ge part of her sustenance from the forests. Through conbined program; in nnnagerrent, reforestation, and protection, all efforts have been directed tow.ud conserving and perpetuating the state's \modi ands. S~lHtf ~eclicatio;z dlo.lted!uf Pe~~,d.o.~ A1o.ae !Jdo. Neat Jle~e/1/.t Formal open ing of the new $200, 000 Georgia Fore stry Commission I-leadquar t ers is scheduled for next spring, Director Guyton DeLoach announced. The building has be e n in use since the middle of last month, but th e dedica tion ha s been delayed until la ndsc ap ing of tl-ie grounds and the paving of the spacious par king areas is completed. -~:0:1:1 Many government and business l eaders are expec ted to attenrl the opening, which will include addresses, guiderl tours of the 12,000-feet square building and refreshments. Details of the opening will be announced later. ~he on Pe rsonnc I RECEPTION ROOM About 75 Commission staff members are working in the one-story building, including forest management, inform ation and education, reforestation and adwinistrat ion personne I. --:-~.'.'.'''' ,~,l! The headquarters building is completely air-conditioned, centrally heated and Is of bri ck and steel construction. It is locat ed at the Georg ia Forestry Center at Dry Branch, six miles south of t-.1acon, along with activities of the Athenst-.lacon Re search Center of the U.S. Forest Dept. and the Hitchiti Re- SWITCHBOARD ADMINISTRATION search Center. was approved by executive order The offices and hall are panelled with the primary commercial species of wood grown in Georgia. A nat ural finish is used. Much new office furniture and equipn:ent has been installed. AI Ian ta PPrsonnc I A reduced Commiss ion staff is still maintained in Atlanta in the when it was determined that facilities were inadequate Comm,.i,ssion. . ,. '\ .... r, ( r;. ,L.,- the old for the new Agriculture Building to continue radio contact with Macon a nd other district offices. The Atlanta office will be used as headquart ers for the director a nd department heads during General Assembly sessions and other Atlanta events. It will also be used for purcha s ing conferences. Construction of the new center REFORESTATION 3 GEORGIA FO RES TRY Brender Revisits German Black Forest The woods are full of problems tha t plague Georg ia foresters every day. But, according to Ern s t Brender of the Athen s Macon Forest Research Cen ter , the difficultie s connected with Germ any's famous Black Fore s t makes caring for Georgia woodlands seem like child's play. This past summer, Brender spent two weeks in the Black Forest as a guest of the Baden-Wurttenberg Forest Service. "The primar y purpose of my trip," he sai d, "wa s to visit my parents and to get re-ac qua inted with my younger brothers and former schoolmates.'' Brender was born in South Germany. He emigrated to the United States 33 years ago whe n he was 18 year s old. He studied forestry at th e University of Michigan where he obtained a bache lor's and master's degree in 1933 and 1937 respectively. Posit ions J!e I d In 1933, Brender started workwith the U.S. Forest Service, and from 1939 to 1945 he worked forthe Soil Conservation Service. He then transto the Southeastern Forest Ex peri- ment Stat ion in 1945 where he has been ever since. Throughout th a t time he worked in the mountai ns and piedmont sections of Georgia. ''The major differe nce be tween forest practices in Georgia and those in Germany," he observed, "is in the intensity of Germany's silvicultural practices. They're 50 year s ahead of us in forest manag(jment , and their forest utilization is far superior to our~. Ever y acre and tenth of acre in the German forests is fully stocked with either seedlings, saplings, poles or sawtimber. " He was quick to add, however, that necessity made it imperative that the Germans intensify their forestry program. 1\ood Product Dew.anather The we at her itse If is a nagging problem in Germany. According to Brender, the average annual t emperature is about 50 degrees. Annual rainfall is only 26 inches, and the growwg season is extrem ely short, lasting only five months. Relative humidity is 78 per cent year around, he added. " In spite of th e short growing season tl: ey grow as much wood as we do in Georgia. The full degree of stocking maintained, makes this possible,'' Brender said. Forest fires ar e a perpetual probien~ there, t oo, Brender err:ph3.si zed . He sai d fire outbreaks are s uppressed by local fire depar t n.ents in nei ghboring vi llages . Preventive rr,easure s include planting a narrow band of har dwoods along :1ccess roads, and plowing fire lines 260 feet apar t during fire s easons. Ut-t>r 'le11act> In additi on to these conventional problems \vhich menace foresters al l over the world, Gern,an woodsmen a re confronted wi tl-~ a mos t unique complication, Brender said. De-s pite management, utili za tion, refore s tation a nd fire hardships, the Black Forest is overrun with aeer. "Because of their ab und ance, " the Maconite sai d, "they are obliged to eat almost a nything that grows . Regardless how fa s t the f orest ers plant seedl ings, the deer can eat them up s till faster. This has resul ted m a n a ll - out war against the antlered creatures. "However, s ince the fore s ter s are out-numbered," Brender said, " the attack is not directed a t disposing of the deer, but rat her at maki ng the seedlings distasteful to them." Deer repellant chemicals have been devised and seedlings ar e sprayed with them once a year. Ex treme measures cal l for erec ting high fences around the tiny p lants. Fon' st Q Prac tic<>s Brender praised the German foresters highly. He said they were very co-operative and delighted to meet an American forester who could speak their language. "Although their forestry practices are different from ours," he said, "50 years from now we may not be so far apart in our methods of forest management.'' NOVEMBER, 1956 4 Eleven Counties Fully Endorse New Burn Law Statewide approval of the new Notification of Intention to Burn Law under Georg ia's Forest Fire Regulation s appears to be well under way. Recently pas s ed by the General Assembly, the measure provide s that two successive grand juries must endorse the cou nt y option l?w b~fore it becomes effective. It specifies that any person planning to burn off lands, woods, marshes or other combustible mat erial s must first notify their county forestry unit as to time and place of burning .. Crisp and Bulloch were the first two counties to g ive full endorserr.ent to the law. Other counti e s followed s uit as th eir grand juries wen t into session. Up until the fir st of November, the following counties had made the law effective: Cri sp, Bulloch, Effingham, Emmanuel , Doole y, Ben Hill, i\lon tgome ry, Lincoln and Dade . Due to the county opti on provi s ion, swift approval has been delayed in many other coun ti es becaus e of their grand jury schedule s . However, more than a score of jury pane ls in many ot her countie s have endorsed the bi ll for tl1e fir s t time. Re s pon s ible count y official s in th e s e counties in dicate full a l proval will be g iven durin g the next grand jury s e ss ions. P ri mary purpose of the law , a c c ording to Atty. Gen. Eugene Cook , is to a ll ow pers on s who plan controlled burn in g the opportunit y of g aining in~ fonr.ation about weat he r c onditions and e xi s ting fire d an ger. It al so help s local fores try unit s ke ep a re c ord of outdoor fire s in the ir area , he e xpla ined . In pa ss in g t he n e w mea s ure, the General Assem b ly s pefi c ie d th a t it wou ld replac e a ll exi s ting law s governing notifi c ation of intention to burn. Therefore, c ounties which fail to en dors e th e ne w law will be without s uc L provi s ions . IL E. 1\ ua r k, C hi e f o f Fire C ontrol for t he: C omm i ;>s io n, co n:pli me nt ed thos e counti es who a lre ady ha ve (Co ntin u~ rl on P nQ~ JQ) R ES ID E NC E-- O n e of the superinte ndant' s res idence s at the Pag e Memorial N ursery is shown above. State Seedling Program Increases To Meet Anticipated New Heights Geor gia s tatP trPe mi r sL ri es will r a i se t he ir seeflling program to new hPights in 1957 t o me e t an a nt ic ipated r eco rd-brea king wave of orde r s , Georgi a For es try Commi ss i on Direc t or Gu.yt on DeLoac h annmmced. Thi s yPar 200 mill i on seed - lings haVP bee n ord e r ed by l a ndownPrs a nd fores t indus tri es throughout the s t at e . t,vp n gr eat e r r equest s are e xppcted. by DeLoach thP na ti on's largest for est tree nurse r y, will be pl a nted at i ts f ull capac ity of 100 milli on sePdlings next year. DeLoach s aid he had been as- Thi s SPar' s or der s, ca lled by DeLoach a ' 'recor d flood far beyond our most optimi stic expectat i ons, " wi ll not bP compl etely fill ed beca use storms, whi c h upr ootPd the early pl ants, and t he hot s tm , which wilted t he repl ants, c ut prcxl uction at thP four statP nurseriPs to 80 million seed lings. Onk' rs F i II ed 111A II. C A LL--J\1. <:.... C oleman, As s t . S upt. o f th e Pa ge 1-.'e morial N ur se ry, (l e ft), c hat s w ith D o nald J o nes , H. e f ore s tat ion Ass t. s ure>d lly Gov. ~ 1a rv in Gri ff in that the statP would furnish 200 million sotcllings In 1957 Pven if' it nHant construct ion of a nc'w nnrsPr.v. PagP ~\monal f'iursers, ca l led EvPry onlPr wi 11 bP partially f i llPcl though, DeLoach said. Order s for 5, 000 SPed l ings or lPSS will lJP complPtely filled. The first 5, 000 of every other rPquest will bP suppliPd . Orders larger than 5,000 will bP cut 67 rx' r c:P nt. though. ''In this way the SPPd lings W<' have 'Aill l)p distri but Pd equalb.'' DPLoach Pxpl aim' fcP l Georgia <'an bPst l><' sPrVPd by placing sPPrll ings 1n as mans hands as po.o..;sibl('.'' 5 GEORGIA FORESTRY Ex-Ranger Makes Hit As Gair Nurseryman Up until this year, Walter Stone had never before grown a single tree. Right now, he's starting to harvest about nine million forest tr ee seedlings he planted last spring. Stone is forester in charge of Gair ~oodlands' Theodore W. Earle Forest Tree Nursery at Statesboro. Before assuming his position there, he served for seven years with the Georgia Forestry Commission as a ranger and district forester. 'I marked a lot of timber and helped put out a lot of fires when I was with the Commission,' Stone explained, 'But I'd never tried my hand at growi ng trees. It's a hard job --hard er than I had ever thought it would be. I thought all you had to do was stick a seed in the ground and sit back and watch it grow.' After graduating from the University of Georgia School of Forestry in 1949, Stone was fares t ranger at Emanuel County. He then served as district forester of the first and sixth districts. In 1955 he joined Gair ~\oodlands. lleads Reforestation Program Not only is he responsible for growing seedlings for the company's entjre reforestation program, but he also selected and helped lay out the nursery site. Stone estimates it has acapacity for growing about 15 million seed lings. He said present plans call for peak production next year. The 75-acre plot originally was a cornfield that had been farmed fer many years. 'The soil is excel l e nt and can grow almost anything you put in it,' the now-experienced nurseryman said. 'I'm almost afraid to stand in the field too long for fear I might sprout a few roots.' Initial plants at the nursery were potted seedlings grafted at the University of Florida. Their seed was collected from North (Continued on Page 10) -... ., - ._ r. ~:~ ( . '\.: .. ~- IN THE MIDDLE--Walter Stone i s shown in amongst his seedl ing s. LOOKING IT OVER--K.P. Davis (left) and H.E. Ruark look over a new piece of f irefighting equipment at the Georgia Forestry Commission. Davis Conducts Special Survey On Fire Control An all-out effort now is under way to pin point areas in which research is needed to improve the Georgia Forestry Commission fire control program. Acting through the U.S. Forest Service Southeast Forest Experiment Station, the Commission has retained a nationally -recognized fire control authority to insure an unbiased survey of the present situation. He is Dr. Kenneth P. Davis, chairman of the Dept. of Forestry at the University of Michigan. Dr. Davis was appointed to conduct an extended investigation into all phases of Georgia's fire control methods following a series of disastrous fire s which occurred in 1955. He estimates his s tudy will be completed within the next two months . Upon completion of his survey, the visiting expert will publish a detailed report on present rrotective measures and make speci tic recommendations on phases he feels research is needed to develop improved methods. The' report will be used as a guide to launch an overall research pro~ram designed to strengthen Georgia s fire control program and to reduce the threat of large emergency fires. LECTllRE ON TRA CT OR MODIFICATIONS OPENING SESS ION RHIARKS Specid. ~'UU:io.~t g~ ecuulucieJ ~M ~oiU!4JeJU Key personnel of the Georg ia Forestry Commission from North Georgia r ece ntly attended a special tractor de monstration and preventiv e maintenance cours e in Walton County. Spon so r ed by th e John Dee r e Tractor and Impl e ment Co., the class was held at Dee r e Acr es, a training farm own ed by the manufact urin g firm. Purpo se of th e gat he ring was to promot e better a nd mor e eff ici e nt s e rvic e from John Dee r e tract or s now in use by the Commission for fir e s uppress ion work. B. G. Sneed , field service e nginee r at Dee r e Acres , l ed the demonstration and ins truct ed partic ipants in prope r PREVENTNE ~1A ll\'TENANCE I NSTRUCTIONS ope ration and maint e nanc e met hods. Landr um Spoke Th e session was followed by a luncheo n at the ~bnroe V. F.\\. Club durin g which F. C. Landrum, servic e manager of the John Deere Plow Co., gave a bri ef summary of the demonstration. He s tr essed the importance of proper care, pointing out the fact that it can l ead to improv ed e ffici e ncy a nd r ed uced ope rational ex pe nses. The be s t way to preve nt breakdown s, he s ugges t ed i s to stop them before they cccur. Sml~lARY OF DAY'S HAPPE N I !'\GS ''Preventive maint e nance i s only half the job," he explained . ''Not onl y do we hope this class has se rved to e nli ght en you on the proper methods of - good tractor mainte- t- ,;-..-.. nance, we also hope it has helped ta make ' ' t he J ohn De e re tractor more useful to fores- try.'' The c lass was atten- ~ f: ~~~~~:J i~S~~j ded the bFyouprtehr,so~ninxtehl, frSoemv __.. ) .,..........~ L ~""!""!~!- 2nth, Ninth Di str i cts. and Tenth EATING Tl~I E AT V.F .\\ . CLU R DEERE ACRES ~10Nm1E NT 7 (j~1eJ dJtVz,ed dJi'U!- dJir;Jdiw; C~iu. clleJJ Georgia's f ir st or gani zed fore t fir e fighting fi e ld exe rci se wi ll be he ld in J qnes County on ov . 7-9 , H. E. Ruark , e xercis e director and c hi ef of fir e control of the Geo r gi a For estry Commi ss i on, announced . About 90 d i strict and co unty fo r est r a nge rs, off i ce per so nne l and ce ntr al office staff me mb e r s will participate . They wi ll be fo rmed in to c r ews who will ea t s l eep and work in the f i e l d . A r e vis ed organ i zat ion pl an , drawn up by Comm i ss i on offic i a l , will be followed . The probl e m wi ll be conducted on Ge org i a Kraft Co . prope r ty in Jone s County about 10 mil es South of Gray, Ga . , near the int e r sectio n of Hi ghways 49 a nd 18. Fi e l d he adqua r t e r s wi ll be set up and the 'fire ' ar e a wi ll be divid ed into s ec tors wit h l owe r ec he l on command posts . Th e c r ews will fi ght a 'proj ec t' f ir e -- one wh i c h i s e xpected to burn more t han 24 ho ur s . Th e exe r c i se will be comp l e t e in ever y deta il except for a f ire . llork s hi fts will be set up to handl e the fir e fight, but on l y th e day shift will act ua ll y wo rk in t he f i e ld . Smoke bombs will be set off to t o mark the 'fires .' Fir line s will be plowed , a ir patrol s wi ll be used and s i mul at ed spot 'fir es ' will be marked off . Pr ob l e ms in feeding, first a id and mov in g pe r so nn el from place to pl ace in t he are a will be tack l ed and s uppli es on the fi r e lin es will be r epl e nished and safety pr oced ures wi ll be pract i ced. The exe rcise is des i gned to pull f ire fi ght e r s f r om many sour ces int o one effect iv e unit. The actua l fie l d work s hould r e ve a l any kinks in t he pr e s e nt setup, Ruark sa id . Simil ar e xe rc i ses will be he ld in the f utur e in eac h of t he 10 state fo r es try distri cts . The need fo r t he f i e ld training s ess i on a nd a c ompre he ns i ve or gani zat i on pl:=tn was e mphasi zed by l arge fir es in r ece nt years in North and bouth Geor gia . Ex pe rie nce at these f ires r eve al ed the i mport a nce of an a ll-inc l us iv e , tightly-kni t fir e fi ghting plan. THE GEORGE FOSTER PEABODY SCHOOL OF FORESTRY Georgia Forestry School Dedicates Ne-w Facilities The Universi ty of Georgia Forestry School kicked off its yea r-l ong golden a nnivers a ry celebration Oct. 6 in Athen by ded ica tin g it s new $144 ,000 faci litie s and re -dedica ting the entire s ch ool to the de ve Iopment of Georg ia ' s fore s ts a nd for es t ind us trie s . A larg e crowd of al umni a nd So utheastern fore s try le aders heard the numerous d is ting ui shed speakers who participa ted in th e offi c i al intr od uc tion to the oublic of the s chool' s new dr y kiln, g'reen house, ti mbe r t es tin g equipment , experimental treating cylinder a nd new wing of offic es and laboratori es which were conve rted fr:om a former s hop . Ex-Gov. Herma n Talmadge, during his last adm inis tra tion , appropria ted $100,000 to the Board of Regents for th e expansion from hi s emergenc y fund . Gov . Marvin Griffin la ter added $44,000 to make possible the expan ion o f the s ch oo l. An annual gra nt o f $44,000 has been s et up for fore s try resea rch. Dr. O.C. Aderhold , president of th e Unive rs ity, welcomed th e la rge crowd a nd to ld th em he was bendi ng every e ff ort t o se lec t th e be s t qua lifi ed dean poss ible for t he Fores tr y School. He congra tula ted t he school for it s a ccomplish me nt s a nd proud l y pointed our tha t school gradua tes had led th e way in Georg ia' s gre a t progress in fores t fir e contro l a nd fo rest managemen t. Aderhold emphasized that continu ed expa ns ion is needed both by t he schoo l to rr.ee t t he gro win g ch alle nge of re sea rch a nd by the profession a l s t a t e fores t se rvi c e . Dr. E. B . Browne, d irector of th e co ll ege expe riment s t a ti on a t Ath ens , s umn:a ri zed for es t resea rch a t the school, pointing ou t how the sc hool has contin ued its unparalle led expans ion in forest researc h s ince the program s ta rted in 1950 . Brow ne c ite d 1952 -53 a nd 1954 -55 as banner year s of pr og ress . Dr. W. A. Campbel l , leade r of the Ath ens-Macon Resea rch Ce nter, .S. F orest Servic e, outlin ed some of th e problem s of research a nd how it is cond uc ted at tl :e cente r. He sa id there a re, a t pre -em, ac tive programs underwa y in ha rdwood ma nag e ment , hardwood utili za ti on a nd forest dis e ase prob lems . Campbell ha iled the co-ope r at ion 1n r esea rch between the U. . F ores t (Continued o n P age 10) NOVEMBER, 1956 8 ERLE T. NE\\S0~1E, JR. C!Jle /Yew-MJ.~ne q.eaJMJ,t:/~ qeo!Ujia 4kffl Editor's Notp: Th1s is the second in a se ries of nine articles v.hich wil I appea r in GEIJRGIA FORESTE?Y during the George Foster Peabody For estry. School Golden Annive rsary Cel ebration. Each installment wil! be a briPf biography of a Forest ry School graduate . Purpose of the series i s to gi ve a cross-sec tion of the alwnni and to r enew old acquaJn tanccs. Erle T. Newsome, Jr., director of the Woodlands Division of the Georgia Kraft Company, said he chose a c areer in forestry because it was a new pro~e.ssion that offered many opportunities. Newsome was born 1n Mitchell County, Georgia, on Dec. 15, 1915.He received his preliminary education a t Statesboro before entering the George Peabody School of Forestry in 1934. After receiving his forestry degree in 1938, he joined the Georgia Forestry Commission. For a year he was assistant nurseryman at Albany. In 1939, he was transferred to Baxley as technical ass1stant to the district forester. Newsome left the Commission w 1941 to accept a position with the Southern Pine Lumber Co. at Diboll, Texas. The following year he e nt e red the U.S. Army and served in the European Theat er . Afterhi s discharge in 1945, he was employed by the Georgia Kraft Company as an acquisition c rui ser. Two years later he was promoted to the company's management division. In 1949 , he was appointed chief forester. Last August, when the Rome Kraft and Georgia Kraft companies were combined, Newsome was named director of the Woodlands Division, the position he now holds. Hardwood Management Provides Profit For Georgia Landowners ''Good hardwood management is one of the most important phases of our work,'' 01ief of Manageme nt W.H. McComb, said recently. ''We encourage the growth of hardwood ar e as that wi II support good growth of high quality hardwoorl. Such areas wi 11 produce a greater monetary return from the growth of harrlwood than any other type,'' he exp l ainer!. "However," he adrled, " areas that will produce high quality hardwood in Georgia are limited. Much of our land, particularly the uplands, has soil that is not suited to good hardwood growth. Areas hest suited for the growth of good quality hardwoods are in d eep moist, we ll-rlr ained, bottom land .'' ''La r ge areas,'' he continued, ''which will not support good hard woods are covered with in fer ior scrub hardwoods . These trees are worthless because of their stunted condition and the unmarketable quality of the ir wood.'' He pointed out that thes e areas which are growing nothing but Inferior hardwood, in most cases, are capable of producing pine of satisfactory g rowth and quality. In general, fast growing hardwoods, produce good quality whereas in pine , good quality is correlated with closer spacing and reduced growth. Major J!ardwood Problems McComb empha sized that the increase in number of cu ll hardwoods has created a major probl em in Georgia forestry. ''If you compare the cultivation of trees with the cultivation of corn, tobacco or cotton, then these infe rior hardwoods would he weeds. They are worthless and tend to choke out and hinder the g rowth of thecrop, which is good quality marketable pine trees.'' The management chief said the invasion of these scrub hardwoods is continuously gaining in Georgia. "In the past lR years, they have choked out and taken over more than ROO, 000 acres of pine producing lanrl. '' ''Although the trend now is toward more utilization of hardwoods, it he still said. is impractical ''Large areas to of cut thes t e r ees scru under five bs never r inches each fi in ve diinacmheestedr~e" to the density of stems, and unfavorable site conditions for their growth,'' he declared. Just to keep the volume of these cull hard- woods from increasing in Central and North Georgia would mean cut- ting over a million corrls annually--more than the volume of pine cut for pulpwood in this region in 19S4. Good Management Empnasized He emphasizerl that although inferior hardwoorls are not marketable, practically all pines are saleable r ega rrlless of quality. Howeve r, h e again re-emphasized the need for manag ing good hardwood stands in areass uitabl e for their growth. ''Because Georgia landowners want to get the most out of their I and, '' McComb said, ' 'they want to plant trees on sites unsuitable for raising other, more profitable agricultural crops. If he calls on us for help, we encourage him to grow hardwoods on land best suited for high quality hardwood growth. Other ar e as ar e recommende d for pin" unless it is an extremely poor site. tj,.!'' ' ~IJJ '' J_., ( ; ' /~o;:' .,t ~J \ ~.1 ~.-~ ,~.._..; f' ;./. ~- ~'\..~ ..; .:.~ ,3 '""".. ~ ~.. "'"f" !t -.~ t " _;l ,.'~ CHEMICAL APPLICATia-.1--John Os- bolt, Pik e County Ra n ge r , appli es c hem i c a 1 t o a f r i I I . 9 GEORG I A FORES TRY Rangers In The News Two forestry posts were filled recently in the Second District. Bill Murray, for merly with t he Georgia Forestry Commission, and stationed a t Camilla, was recently made assistant distri ct forester for the Ex tension Servi ce. He wi ll be w charge of production in Tifton. elson Brightwell , who previo usly handled the en tire extension department of forestry in Tifton, will be in charge of forestry mar keting. Since a great problem facing timber growers is the marketing problem, Brightwell's posi tion will be an educational one . He says efforts are being made by the Extension Service to show th e timber owners the value of measuring each tree that is sold , a nd not of selling timber too small . A cull tre e removal demons tra tion was he ld in Dade County recen tl y. It was developed by representatives of the Georgia Forestry Commission Exte nsion Service and the TVA . The program included talks on th e importance of woodland management to the forests of Dade County by C . Dor sey Dyer, and th e Well Fores t Ma nagemen t Demonstration by John H. Hinton . The cull tree problem was disc ussed by F rank Craven , Seventh District fores ter. TEAM WORK IN SOIL CONSERVATION--This picture is a fine example of industry cooperating with the fast-movingconservation movement in Georgia. A worthy woodland thinning practice in a s tand of ove r-stoc ked nat ur a l slash pine is ca lled to the at tent ion of the motor ing public on Federal Highway 301. This s ig n is located about 10 miles North of Folkston in Char !ton County on a t ract of woodland owned by Wade Lumber Company. FIRE TOWE R ?--L adde r in s t a ll ed in feed c hu te on le ft of s il o pr ovided me an s for "woods ride r" to c limb to top a nd look for fir es whe n thi s sil o was used as a fir e t owe r in 1928 a nd th e reaft e r. 'ow on a Tree Farm of lnte rna t i ona l Pape r C o. , n ea r E ulonia, Georg ia . "Pine Tre e F a rming nde r the oil Ba nk" was the s ubject of a s hort c o urse he ld a t Abra ha n, Ba ldwin Agri cultura l College recently. E ig ht fores try top ics we re d is cu ~ s ed by expe rt s in th ese pa rti cula r fields . Dorsey Dye r , ex te ns i on fore s ter bega n th e mornin g speeche s by d isc uss ing "Farming t he Woods of ouch Georgi a . " He was fo ll ow ed by Fra nk Ritchie , Jr. , s tate soil s cien t ist and J