FORESTRY GENERAL L'BRARY JAN 15 1955 L bNHE..RSHY OF GEORGiA /b/~.. POWER I I ~- .., . OCTOBER, 1954 GEORGIA FORESTRY Editorial Georgia Is Pulpwood Leader (From the Columbus Ledger) While not as euphonius as is the allusion to the delicious peach, Georgia's ''name'' validly could be the ''Pulp.vood State.'' If this represented nothing more than the razing of forests of small trees or the gathering of scrap, stunted growths and Pulpwood has become increasingly by-products, there would be no important in our economy in the cause for rejoicing. Ultimately last decade or so, and we find such supplies would be exhausted n ow that the ''Peach State'' last year produced more cordage than and an industry would have been lost. any other Southern State. According to the Forest Service of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1953 was the South's record year for pulpwood production, with Geor.gia leading all of the 12 producwg Dixie States. And Clinch Countyled all of the But it reflects a scientific approach to forestry, reforestation and careful cutting practices - in short, the practice of ''tree fanning' ' which has shown that trees can be grown as a cash crop. 787 Southern counties in producing almost 147,000 cords. Cordage in Georgia last year totaled 2,879,000, with Mississippi rating second with 1,923, 000. Alabama produced 1,765,000 .cords, while Florida, Louisiana, North Carolina, South Carolina, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas and Virginia produced 1,600,000 or less. There has been a steady increase in pulpwood production in Georgia during the last three years. Unfortunately, vast acreages of virgin pine were stripped from the face of the South late last century and through the early years of this one, with little if any attel'll't at conservation and refores tation. No longer is that true. We are in an enlightened age now in which more and more trees can be grown while more and more . are p:ocessed for the ever-Increasing demand for pulp and other timber uses. Vol. 7 GEORGIA FORESTRY October, 1954 Published Monthly by the GEORGIA FORESTRY COMMISSIO~. State Capitol, Atlanta, Georgia Guyton DeLoach, Director No. 10 Members, Board of Commissioners: K. S. Varn, Chairman . _ ______________ __ ---- Waycross Sam H. Morgan Savannah C. M. Jordan, Jr. _______ Alamo John M. McElrath . ______ Macon H. 0. Cummings . _ . Donalsonville Georgia Forestry is entered as second class matter at the Post Office under the Act of Au6ust 24, 1912. Member of the Georgia Press Association. EDITOR * * * * Richard E. Davis ASSOCIATE EDITORS __ Robert Rutherford, Catherine Dismuke DISTRICT OFFICES, GEO* RG* IA* FO"' RESTRY COMMISSION: DISTRICT I-Route 2, Statesboro DISTRICT VI - P. 0. Box 505, Milledgeville DISTRICT II- P. 0. Box 26, Camilla DISTRICT VII-~Route 1, Rome DISTRICT III-P. 0. Box 169, Ame ricus DISTRICT VIII- P. 0. Box 811, -waycross DISTRICT IV- P. 0. Box 333, DISTRICT IX-P. 0. Box 416, Newnan Gainesville DISTRICT V- P. 0. Box 328, McRae DISTRICT X-P. 0. Box 302, Washington ecut4 'W~d)~ ,(/~ze (From the Bulloch Herald) Watch your matches. Be careful with your picnic fire. Make sure of your cigarette. Let there be no doubt in your mind about the death of your matches, your fire, your cigarettes. For each can be dangerous if left alive. Each can bring ruin, disaster, and tragedy to our woodlands. J. W. Roberts, Bulloch County Forest Ranger, advises us this week that the woodland areas of our county are ''tinder dry.'' With our woods in this condi- tion in the midst of one of our driest summers In recent years the slightest spark or careless! y tossed rna tch or cigar- ette can set off in seconds a woods fire which might take our forest protection unit hours to control. Even more dangerous is the threat which comes from careless burning of brush and trash. Mr. Roberts urges, he begs, all citizens planning brush or trash bHrning in or near wooded areas to first phone him at 501-L to see whether the fire danger rating for that day is low enough to allow wrning. - There's a price tag on every woods fire that burns in Bul- loch county. Regardless of where you live, who you are, or what you do, part of that price comes out of your pocket. FOrests safeguard our greatest storehouses for the water which provides the power for industrial America, water which is the great reagent of our manu- factories, and water which sustains the plant, animal and human life of our land. As Georgia's drought assumes record proportions and threatens her agriculture and industry, our forest-stored waters - held in th~ laps of our green woodlands- cum 1ilute a lifeblood supply. OCTOBER , 1954 z 4-H Forestry Champs Announced At Statewide Edward Nelson, of Richmond County, and Marianne Gillis, of Treutlen County, have been named the 1954 State 4-H forestry charrpions. The Nelson youth won in t he boys' division with a demonstra- Congress '1 rr. In Atlanta .,,I ~ tion on planting and the uses of wood. Miss Gillis, state 4-H club president, won in the girls' division with a hardwood control demonstration. The youthful champions emerged victorious fr on a field of 11 top contenders who vied for state honors at the 4-H Congress held in Atlanta during the final week of September. The two winners will go to the national competetions in Chicago as guests of Southern Bell Tele- phone and Telegraph Company, sponsor of the 4-H forestry pro- gram in Georgia. Nelson will compete with other state winners from throughout the United States for the national forestry cham- STATE WINNER- -Richmond Crunty' s Edward Nelson demons t rat es uses of wood. His demonstration also included pointers on planting. pionship and the $300 forestry scholarship awarded annually by (Co n ti nued on Pa ge 9 ) PRUNING DEMONSTRATION--Elizabeth Coffee, of Banks GIRLS' DIVISION WINN ER-- Ma r i a nn e Gi llis, of County, gives demonstration on pruning Southern Treutlen how t o control hardwoods in Pine. Southern 3 GEORGIA FORESTRY q.tJ/U!/.Ji~tll CJucdio.n !Jn g~ C:r-,,~IA..j~~J New Boards Appointed Increased emphasis on fares try educational work in public schools, especially through the showing of 16 millimeter films, was announced this month by the Georgia Fares try Corrrnission as one of its primary objectives during the current school season . In line with that objective is the current expansion of the Commission's film library. A total of 138 films on a variety of forestry topics ranging from fire suppression and prevention to management and refores ta tion now comprises the film library. ''Tommorrow' s tree farmers and the citizens of the future who will be responsible for the prevention of forest fires,'' said Guyton DeLoach Commission Director, ''are in today' s classrooms. We believe that one of the best rrethods at hand for acquainting these young people with the value and significance of the fares t resources of their state is through the war ld of films.'' Most films from the Corrrnission library are shown by County For- est Rangers, who accompany the showing with a brief talk on value of local forests to their irranediate area. ~\my other showings, however, are made by the teachers themselves, who order the fiJms through their County Ranger or directly from the Georgia Forestry Commission. Civic clubs and agricultural organizations also show many fares try films. Many films which previously had not been stocked in the Com- mission library now have been obtained. Among them is a 15-minute film ''Better Timber,'' which shows how trees can be cut for a pro- fit and yet leave the woods in a good, fast growing condition. Another color film "Lifeblood (C ontinued on Pag e 10 ) Jn Memo.!UUHt Matthew w. Page 1921 - 1954 n1e Georgia ~orestry Commission extends its utmost sympathy t o the family of Seminole County Ranger ~la tthew " Page in tilCir recent bereavement. ~tr. Page died September 13 as a r es ult of injuries received while collecting pine cones. ~ir. Page, according to fellow personnel of the Seminole toun ty Forestry Unit, left headquarters at 8: :Jl a.m. , September 13, to collect Slam :Jine cones. Prior to leaving, Mr. Page inst ru ct ed his patrol man, G. ~1. Granberry, not to call him, as he would be away from t he radio. When Mr . Page had not returned by 7 p.m., Patrolman Granberry began a search. T11e truck was found at 8 : 3) p.m. one-and-one-hal f miles from Donalsonville, parked alongside the highway. ~ir. Granbe rry obtain e d aid for hi ::; search at a nearby farmho use, a nd ~tr. Page wa s fo und shortly afterward at the base of a 40- foot t r ee from which he had fallen. The undertaker at Don alsonville state d tha t ~lr. Page died in s tantly . Funeral services we r e h e l d at Li ve Oa k, Fla., September 15. Mr. Page is surv ive d by h is wi f e, t he former Miss ~Jildred Gill, o f Live Oak, and th ree chi l dre n, Virgil, a ge six; Richard, ag e four, a nd Vi rginia, t wo years of age. tt e was a graduate of the Forest Ranger's School a t Lak e City, Fla. County Forestry Boards have been appointed to direct opera- tion of two County Forestry Units recently created when forest protection agreements were signed between the Georgia Forestry Commission and Pulaski and Wash- ington counties, Guyton DeLoach, Commission Director, announced this month. Board members of the newly forrred Bleckley and Banks-Hall units will be announced soon. The Forestry Board in each county is composed of five prom- inent local citizens and land- owners who are appointed by the Commission Director. The Board acts in an advisory capacity t.o the county Fares try Unit and assists the COOBllission in carry- ing out the fares try program in the county. The newly-named board members are as folla.vs: PULASKI COUNTY: Robert Rush, Hawkinsville; West Conner, Haw- kinsville; C. C. Danniels, Haw- kinsville; Nick Cabero, Hawkin- sville, and Clarence Finleyson, Finleyson. WASHINGTON COUNTY: Cecil Hodges, O:onee; A. A. Sargent, Warthen; Dr. William Rawlings, Sandersville; J .C. Archer, Sandersville; and E. Pierce Wood, Sandersville. Rangers in the newly organized units are Lester Thompson, Bleck- ley County; Samuel M. Mlrtin, Washington County; and C. T. Cantrell, Banks-Hall Counties. The Pulaski County Ranger will be appointed soon. The four new counties' total forest acreage inc 1uding state, private and federal fares tlands are: Banks, 93,583 acres; Bleck- ley, 75, 686 acres; Pulaski, 83 , 881 acres, and Washington 25 9 ,679 acres. ''By signing protection agree- ments this year,'' said DeLoach, ''these four new counties have substantially boosted the state' s program. The new counties are four big steps toward our goal of bringing e~ry c ounty in Geor- gia under organized protection." OCTOBER, 1954 4 Utilization of thinning principles has gained considerable headway in Gear gia, and these principles are used in the majority of instances where land use classification is not to be changed. This conclusion, one of several reached during a survey of pulpwood cutting and selling practices, was one of several contained in a recent report of the survey entitled, ''Pulpwood Selling Practices in Georgia.'' The Georgia Experiment Station conducted the survey in 15 Georgia counties. Other conclusions are as follows: 1. The sale of pulp timber ranks high in Georgia's economy. 2. Clear cutting of pu1 pwood stands occurs rather frequently, but embraces a comparatively small total acreage. 3. Stands that are clear cut are usually so cut for the accomplishment of some agricul- tua 1 purpose that requues cleared land. 4. Most landowners are meet- ing their responsibilities on the land that is in tended to be left in fares t. 5. The pulp and paper industry, through the Southern Pulpwood Conservation Association and the efforts of the individual mills, has been generally successful in its program of promoting better forest management practices in pulpwood stands. In some counties; however, there seems to be a need for the dealers and producers to stress the use of proper cutting rrethods when dealing with landowners. ' 'Nine teen per cent of the sale acres observed,'' according to the report summary, ' 'had been thinned . These sales in which thinning was employed accounted for 76 per cent of the acr eage that was cut for pulpwood.'' Nurseries To Ship 132 Million Seedlings Lifting and shipping of an estimated 132 million tree seed- 1ings grown by the Georgia Far- es try Conmission' s four nurseries will begin sometime around November 15, according to Guyton DeLoach, Director of the Georgia Forestry Commission. ''The anticipated 132 million seedlings,'' the director declared, ''will exceed the number of seedlings e ver grown in any one single year and will be a sufficient number to reforest between 12 0, 000 and 130,000 acres of land.'' Species and anticipated production of trees were outlined by DeLoach as follows: Slash Pine, 100,624 ,400; Loblolly, 29,674,400; Longleaf, 893,100; Shortleaf, 760,000; Black Locust, 13 4,500; Red Cedar, 180,500; Arizona Cypress, 130, 000; Yellow Poplar, 118,000; and seve ral thousand ~~ite Pine . Davisboro Nursery, the Cornmissian's largest, again is expected to l ead in production with approximate! y 40,960,000 seedlings. Expected production fo: Herty Nursery is 27,847,000; Hightower Nursery, 23,862,500; and Horse- shoe Bend Nursery, 40,412, 900. Soil fertility tests are being conducted at each of the four nurseries to determine optimum fertility for growing pine seed. Soils from all nurseri es have been analyzed for present nutrient levels, fertilized accordingly, and planted in seed. Nursery officials r eport that the knowledge gained from the fertility experiments will enable them to produce more and healtheir seedlings in Lhe future. Mr. DeLoach declared that Georgia seems certain to continue as the national l eader in planting of acres to forest trees with an all time high record for production of seedlings from the state nurseries. He also pain ted out that seedling production may be reduced by unforeseen and unpredictable insect and disease attacks and other damaging fac- tors. This danger exists, despite the fact that constant e forts are bPing exerted to limit to a mininum the loss of seed- 1ings in the nurseries and to insure a large supply of seedlings for delivery to landowne rs. HIGHTO"ER RIVER !\URSERY- -Nursery workers, below, are shown weeding out the young crop of growing seedlings at Hightower Nursery. Georgia Forestry Commission officials report that Hightower is expected to produce 24 million seedlings this yea~ 0 1. Cones are collected at one of the "cone dumps" which each Unit maintains at strategic locations about the county. 2. Big trucks carry the cones to the wa rehouse, where they are dumped. 1bis scene shows the Baxley warehouse. 3. Cones are sto r ed in the drying shed. 4. After being dried, the cones are carried by movable belt out o f the drying shed to t he de-winger. 5. Seeds are shaken loose from cones in the de-winger. 6. Forest Engineer N. E. "Brooks counts seeds to determine numbe r of seeds per pound. 7. Germination of seed is checked by ~tr. Brooks. PUle geeJ 11J.ado.lj'.lf Jn cAjh Qerester Frank Craven, Olan Hrown, Chattooga County Rang er J. B. \\hi te, Tower man Otis Bro wn , and Clarence Brown. U1e group is heard each Saturday at I: 45 p.m. over Radio Station WTGA in Summerville. Ranger \\hi te and Mr. Craven present the forestry topics, and the other men provide the music. The group also has presented programs over \\ROM-T\' in ~orne and in Chattanooga. IDl~T If I CA1. f0\ A 1~1:) ~J SE or ~~A. ThE E$ (Continued t~om PaRe 9) American Forest Products Industries. A mounted board showing various species of wood, their leaves, and their fruit was one of the highlights of Nelson's demon- stration. A glass-sided box served to help denonstrate proper plantin~ methods. Miss Gillis's demonstration featured the use of chemicals to remove undesirable hardwoods from stands of pine. Other top contenders in the statewide competitions were Sarah Frances Wheeler, of Grady County, whose demonstration s howed various methods of protecting pine trees; Fay Wood, of Hancock County, whose demonstration was entitled "How to Protect the Farm Woodlands;" Elizabeth Coffee, ofBanksCounty, whose demonstration featured the pruning of Southern pine, and Jani s McCreary, of Worth County, who ga ve a demonstration on tree plan tin~. Others were Heginald Denton, of \\hite County, who gave a demons tration on identification and use of Georgia t'rees; James Burs on, of Cobb County, whose demonstration was entitled "How a Tree Grows;" Jerry Lanier, of Candler County, who gave a denonstration.on acid stimulation in naval stores; George Spires, of Telfair County, whose demons tration was entitled "Acid Will Do the Work," and Don Bridges, of Te rr e ll County, who gave a de monst r at ion on chemical control of undes irabl e hardwoods . CHAMPIONSHIP CONTENDERS-Others competing for top ranking in the state forestry finals inc luded, topphoto, George Spires, of Telfair O>unty, who described acid stimulation in naval stores; .Jerry Lanier, of Candler County, center, lef~ who also described acid stimulation; fay "ood, of llancock County, center, right, who described "llow to Protect the Fann Woodlands," and Reginald Denton, of \\hi te O>un ty, bottom photo, who demonstrated iden tification and use of Georgia trees. n[;A~Ut J..,--- (Continued from Page 3) of the Land," describes the relationship between trees and water. ''Liatle Smokey,'' a 15-rn nute soun film , brings to the .sc reen the youngsters' beloved Hopalong Cassidy, who tells the story of Little Smokey while sipping coffee around a campfire. Of interest to nature lovers i s a 2 7 - mi n u t e c o 1 o r f i 1 m, ''Realm of the Wild,'' wh1ch portrays wildlife in its natura 1 habitat and shows the relationship between wildlife and forestry . All Commission films are loaned without charge, except for t he return transportation cost. All are sound films and must be run on a sound projector, or t he films will be ruined. FORESTRY LESSON FOR BRAZILIANS--One of the stopping points for two Brazilians studying this nation's agricultural and for~stry progress was El bert County. Jose Ribeiro, left, Ranger Albert Mooney, center, and Cantalue DeMedeiros look over an Elbert County Fo restry Unit fire suppression tractor. The men also visited Harper tower. Mr. Ribeiro is a district Extension Agent from Curvelo, Brazil. Pine Seed Factory--- (Continued f~om Pa ge 7) <,lge. The cleaned seed is put Into 100 pound bags. Transferred to 250 pound steel drums, the seed is moved into a 38 to 40 degree cold storage room. The entire process - from the time the cones are delivered to the storage shed to their being placed in the cold storage room - is per formed in 19 days (Cone drying facilities at the Macon center are augmented by drying sheds and mechanical shakers at Baxley. The sheds at Baxley have a capacity of 6,000 bushels, and extracted seed is transported to Macon for cleaning, de-winging and storage . ) The laboratory at the Macon site serves as the control cen ter for handling, processing and distril:ution of s eed. N. E. Brooks, ve teran Conrni ssion Forest Engineer, directs operations at the cone processing center and doubles as laboratory technician. He will start germination tests in December, thereby allowing time to furnish full planting information to the nurseries before the beds ar e s eeded . Indi vidua 1 germination tests are run on each separate lot of seed. Eight different sub- samples, consisting of 100 seeds each, are used in the tests. Each sample is first carefully weighed, since it is necessary to know the number of seeds per pound in order to dete rmine correctly the amount of seed needed by the nurseries to plan t in their beds. The sampl e s of 100 s eeds are stored in small bags placed in buckets of moss at temperatu r es slightly above freezing. Slash pine are stored at the col d tern- perature s f or 14 days , l ob l olly for 30 days . The 100 seeds in each samp le then a re placed i n a laye r o f sand, v e rm icu l ite o r German peat moss, or a mixtu re of the three. For t he f ollowing 3 0 days , the l~b t empe r at u r e i s maintained at b etween 65 and 80 degrees and the seeds are under flourescent li ght at least e i ght hours daily. Weekly and total counts tell nu rsery su pe r intendents exactly wh at percent age of their seed will devel op in to he al thy, grow- ing seedlings. Paper And Board- (Co ntinued fr om Page 7) landowners annua lly are produc ing more pulp.Yood tha n th ose o f any other Southern s t ate, a s i tuation whic h has he l d true for the past s ix ye a rs. The sta te' s pul~ood pr cx:l uc tion last ye ar was 2,879, 168 standard cords , or appr ox ima t ely 956,000cords more than t he nearest runner-u p state in pu lpwood production, Mississippi. ''The fact that Georgia's pulpmills today a r e producing more t han a mill ion tons of paper a nnually,'' said W. H. McComb, Managemen t Chief, Georgia Forestry Commission, "serves as one of the most highly encouraging factor in existence today for those contemplating tree fa rmin g, either on a full time or a part time bas is. ' 'Georgia's tremendous paper production,'' he continued, ''indicates to the Georgia tree farmer not only that a steady market exists today for the products of farm woodlot, but that such a market will continue to be in existence for years to come. Georgia Forestry October1 1954 }';"" .. ~--,.c.. .......~ ~= -- --=-=:-=~J '"\. . "/l'""-"'~";'"~ 0I . : ~, -,:.-~~/- iI)."\4:~.t?'.\~.o...:..~~_,',: u,) LG~l~ .,~,.= II'. j=' CA- - GP. _j Entered as second....cl:.--assI J.mt a7t1t1eJr -a-t - " the Post Office, Atlanta, Georgia HOW TO 8VteN WATEta! ~emem!Jer-only v.ou can I PREVENT FOREST FIRES! ~tr>tc Li'-1 ~tate.. C ~ AtlMr